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"Derrick Alston Derrick Samuel Alston (born August 20, 1972) is an American former basketball player currently working as an assistant coach for the Westchester Knicks of the NBA G League. Born in The Bronx, New York, Alston played basketball at Hoboken High School in Hoboken, New Jersey. Alston, a power forward/center from Duquesne University, started off his professional career when he was selected 33rd overall in the 1994 NBA Draft by the Philadelphia 76ers for whom he played two seasons. He then played 2 games for the Atlanta Hawks in late 1996 before taking his game overseas. Joining the New Zealand Breakers mid-season 2007-08, Alston made an immediate impact. Statwise, he reached the top 20 in the league for FG%, shooting at 56.0%, and offensive rebounds, while averaging 13.8 ppg and being instrumental in helping the Breakers reach the playoffs for the first time in club history. After retiring, in 2012, Alston joined the staff of the Houston Rockets and served as their Player Development Coach for two seasons 2012-2015. On October 27, 2015 he was hired by the Westchester Knicks to be an assistant coach. In August 2014, Alston traveled to the Philippines as a SportsUnited Sports Envoy for the U.S. Department of State. In this function, he worked with Alison Feaster and Erik Spoelstra to conduct basketball clinics and events for more than 375 youth from underserved areas. In so doing, Alston helped contribute to SportsUnited's mission to advance the status of women and girls around the world and to show support to an important regional partner. Derrick Alston Derrick Samuel Alston (born August 20, 1972) is an American former basketball player currently working as an assistant coach for the Westchester Knicks of the NBA G League. Born in The Bronx, New York, Alston played basketball at Hoboken"
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"Shoals (horse) Shoals is a Thoroughbred racehorse trained and bred in Australia. She won the Myer Classic, a Group One race. She has won over a million dollars in stakes. Shoals made her debut on 21 February 2017 at Seymour, winning by 4 lengths. 4 weeks later, she won the Group 3 Thoroughbred Breeders Stakes. Opening with bookies at $7, she was backed into $2.70 by the start of the race, winning by half a length. Travelling to Sydney for the Group 2 Percy Sykes Stakes, Shoals was a \"well supported\" favourite in a \"gritty win\", coming from 2nd last down the straight to win by a half head. Trainer Anthony Freedman said, \"She's a very tenacious filly. I don't think she really handled the ground all that well but she just has a great will to win.\" After a 154-day spell, Shoals returned in a listed race at Moonee Valley, winning her 4th consecutive race by 3/4 of a length. Jockey Mark Zahra said, \"as soon as I got in front she had her head in the air going to the post. If something had challenged on the outside I would have just been off and gone again.\" On 1 October 2017, Shoals contested the Thousand Guineas Prelude, running second to Booker. A fortnight later, blinkers were put on for the Group 1 Thousand Guineas, where he again ran 2nd. The only filly in the Myer Classic weight-for-age race for females, and with new jockey Dean Yendall aboard, Shoals won her first Group 1 race by half a head. Freedman said, \"We were initially a little disappointed with her last run. The winner has proven to be high quality and we got confident when that filly won last Saturday.\" After a three month break, Shoals finished eighth of nine in the Kevin Hayes Stakes in February 2018. She was given another trial before winning her 2nd Group 1, The Surround Stakes, in March. With Blake Shin suspended, Joshua Parr was given the ride. He said, \"I’m lost for words to be honest. It is never nice for someone’s misfortune to become my good fortune but gee, the amount of times that happens in this industry, and probably life itself, it’s uncanny how it works. She is a very tough filly and that's what she showed out there.\" On 5 May, Shoals won the Robert Sangster Stakes, where it was said she, \"smashed some of Australia’s best racemares with a devastating show of acceleration.\" With her connections intending to contest events in England from June, there was then a possible change of plans. \"A couple of hours after the race, interest was shown by an Everest slot-holder. Over the next two or three months we’re going to have to make a decision on whether she races on into next year or whether that will be enough. Both owners are breeders as well and like to breed out of lightly raced mares essentially. At the moment she’s only had 10 starts,\" John Messara said. After two trials in August, Shoals returned for a third in the McEwen Stakes. On September 29, she finished 2nd in the Premiere Stakes behind Santa Ana Lane, who set a new track record for the Randwick 1200 metres. Shoals (horse) Shoals is a Thoroughbred racehorse trained and bred in Australia. She won the Myer Classic, a Group One race. She has won over a million dollars in stakes. Shoals made her debut on 21 February 2017 at Seymour, winning by 4 lengths. 4 weeks later, she won the Group 3 Thoroughbred Breeders Stakes. Opening with bookies"
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"Il Giornale d'Italia Il Giornale d'Italia was a prestigious and innovative daily newspaper founded in Rome in 1901 and closed in 1976. The newspaper was born from an idea of Sidney Sonnino and Antonio Salandra, two political exponents of the Historical Right, and in particular representatives of the component of Conservative liberalism. The two founders chose together the name of the newspaper and its editor; after consulting with Luigi Albertini, director of the Corriere della Sera, the choice fell on Alberto Bergamini, who had demonstrated strong organizational skills. In 1901 the editor Alberto Bergamini created the \"la Terza Pagina\" (\"Third Page\"), featuring essays in literature, philosophy, criticism, the arts, and politics by eminent intellectuals, including Alessandro D'Ancona, Giuseppe Chiarini, Domenico Gnoli, Raffaele De Cesare, Antonio Fogazzaro, Luigi Capuana, Luigi Pirandello, Cesare De Lollis, Attilio Momigliano, Salvatore Di Giacomo, Alfredo Panzini, Pasquale Villari and Benedetto Croce. The upscale press quickly followed suit with their own versions. The death of founder Sydney Sonnino in 1922 and a violent Black shirt attack on Bergamini that forced him to resign in 1923, had a devastating impact. The newspaper never recovered its prestige. Folco Testena served as the editor-in-chief of \"Il Giornale d'Italia\" in the 1930s. Until his editorship the paper was a patriotic and monarchist publication. Then it became a supporter of the fascist regime in Italy. The paper had its headquarters in Rome. The magazine with the same name, an organ of the political movement Pensionati uomini vivi, is an unrelated publication. Felice Borsato, \"Terza pagina: cento anni di giornalismo d'autore\", in ''L'Opinione\", January, 2002 Il Giornale d'Italia Il Giornale d'Italia was a prestigious and innovative daily newspaper founded in Rome in 1901 and closed in 1976. The newspaper was born from an idea of Sidney Sonnino and Antonio Salandra, two political exponents"
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"retrieved": [
"Fred Leamon Frederick William 'Fred' Leamon (11 May 1919–29 July 1981) was a professional footballer, who played in The Football League for Newport County, Bristol Rovers and Brighton & Hove Albion, as well as an international bowls player. Leamon was a Royal Marines commando and also played for non-League side Bath City before taking up football professionally. He joined Newport County in February 1946, and scored a remarkable 23 goals in 16 unofficial wartime matches for them. On the resumption of League football in the summer of 1946 he played just four games for Newport, scoring three times, before moving to Bristol Rovers. He scored 21 goals in 43 League games during a three-year spell with \"The Pirates\", and also scored four times in eleven games for Brighton & Hove Albion during the 1949–50 season. He then spent a year with non-League Chippenham Town before finally hanging up his boots in 1951. As well as playing football, Leamon was an accomplished bowls player, representing Wales over twenty times in international competitions, despite being born in Jersey. In later life he worked as a security guard for the BBC, and it was while working in this capacity that he suffered a heart attack at St Paul's Cathedral during the wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana. Despite attempts by a policeman to resuscitate him, he died on the steps of St Paul's Cathedral. Fred Leamon Frederick William 'Fred' Leamon (11 May 1919–29 July 1981) was a professional footballer, who played in The Football League for Newport County, Bristol Rovers and Brighton & Hove Albion, as well as an international bowls player. Leamon was a Royal Marines commando and also played for non-League side Bath City before taking up football professionally. He joined Newport County in February 1946, and scored a remarkable"
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"Brian Lara Cricket Academy The Brian Lara Cricket Academy is a multi-purpose stadium in Tarouba, Trinidad and Tobago that was recently completed. It will be used mostly for cricket matches having initially been envisioned and conceptualized to host warm-up matches during the 2007 Cricket World Cup and serve as a cricket academy post the tournament. However when it became apparent that the facility would not be completed in time for the tournament the warm-up matches were instead hosted at the Frank Worrell Field at UWI St Augustine. Built to hold 15,000 people in a mix of fixed seating and grass banks it is named for Brian Lara, who until 17 October 2008 was the all-time leading run scorer in Test cricket, when he was surpassed by Sachin Tendulkar. The Caribbean Premier League chose the Brian Lara Cricket Academy as the host for the Playoff, eliminators and final matches of the 2017 edition of the league signalling the first high profile matches at the ground. The Brian Lara Cricket Academy was commissioned in 2004 by the then Government of Trinidad and Tobago through the state company UDeCOTT to provide a high class sporting venue for the 2007 Cricket World Cup. With Trinidad and Tobago receiving the Brown Package of matches and the use of the Queens Park Oval as the primary venue the Brian Lara facility was earmarked to host warm-up matches. To be ready for the Cricket World Cup the facility had to be completed by February 2007 and game ready by March 2007. Major design and construction problems kept pushing back the completion date as well as increasing the construction cost of the facility and once it became apparent it would not be ready for the World Cup matches were shifted to the grounds at UWI. The delays and costs involved with the facility has led to it being one of the more controversial infrastructure projects undertaken in Trinidad and Tobago. The initial cost (2006) of the stadium was estimated to be $257 million TT dollars however, with the cost overruns and the increase in prices of materials, this amount has increased significantly. In 2009 the estimated costs were TT$700 million and by the time the facility was eventually opened in 2017 the costs had crossed the TT$1billion figure. The Brian Lara Cricket Academy was meant to be a component of a larger complex situated on of farm lands in Tarouba, Trinidad with a cost of $1.1 billion TT dollars. It was designed by Hellmuth, Obata + Kassabaum, a US architectural firm. The Brian Lara stadium and cricket academy was proposed to consist of: This stadium will serve as a training facility for cricket players. It will feature four indoor cricket training pitches with computerised biometric technology to measure an athlete’s performance, including two full-length run-up pitches for fast-bowlers. Patrons at the stadium will have an unhindered view from every area of the facility, including the concessionaires area. It also has areas specifically designed for the print, radio and television media, respectively. The facility may also see the construction of a hotel in the future. It has been estimated to cost an additional 190 million dollars to complete. Brian Lara Cricket Academy The Brian Lara Cricket Academy is a multi-purpose stadium in Tarouba, Trinidad and Tobago that was recently completed. It will be used mostly for cricket matches having initially been envisioned and conceptualized to host warm-up matches during the 2007 Cricket World Cup and serve as a cricket academy post the tournament. However when it became apparent that the facility would not be completed in time for the"
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"retrieved": [
"Roger Demosthenes O'Kelly Roger Demosthenes O'Kelly was born on October 25, 1880, in Raleigh, North Carolina. \"[O'Kelly] claimed the distinction of being the only Negro deaf lawyer in the United States and the second deaf person to graduate from Yale University in her history of over 250 years.\" Roger O'Kelly became deaf due to Scarlet fever when he was 9 years old, was \"practically mute\" as an adult, being able to \"speak only to utter brief exclamations.\" He attended the North Carolina School for Colored Deaf and Blind. He first applied for admission at Gallaudet University in 1898 but his admission was denied based on the color of his skin. He communicated with the hearing world through writing notes on pads, and eventually earned a degree from Shaw University. In 1908, he was licensed by the North Carolina Supreme Court. In 1912, he earned a Bachelor of Laws degree from Yale University. He eventually returned to Raleigh, North Carolina, and established a \"lucrative\" practice among the local African American community performing legal services relating to domestic relations, real estate, corporations, and abstracts of title. He succeeded as a lawyer while being deaf and living in a segregated state. Mr. O'Kelley was also blind in one eye from a football injury. O'Kelley remarked that he had \"one good eye left and would make it anyhow.\" After he graduated at Yale University, he opened his own legal service firm called O'Kelly's Legal Bureau in Raleigh, North Carolina, as a Legal Specialist to provide his legal services for local business people in Raleigh, NC and Granite Quarry, NC. He married Goldie Weaver on February 25, 1920. They had no children. He died at age 82 on July 11, 1962, in Georgetown, South Carolina. He was buried in Mount Hope Cemetery. Roger Demosthenes O'Kelly"
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"Serra da Estrela cheese Serra da Estrela cheese (\"Queijo Serra da Estrela\") is a cheese made in mountainous region of Serra da Estrela in Portugal, which has been granted PDO status in the European Union. The region where the Serra da Estrela cheese can be manufactured is limited to an area of , which comprises the municipalities of Celorico da Beira, Fornos de Algodres, Gouveia, Mangualde, Manteigas, Nelas, Oliveira do Hospital, Penalva do Castelo, Carregal do Sal and Seia. The production of the cheese has to follow very rigorous rules. It is made from sheep's milk, mostly during the months of November to March. Its maturation period has specific norms and must last a minimum of thirty days. The texture of the paste varies depending on its age, from a very soft semi-liquid when young, to a soft but sliceable solid when older. It is a cured cheese created by artisanal producers with a white or slightly yellow color and a uniform creamy consistency with at most a few small holes in it. Its particular qualities result from slow draining of curdled raw sheep's milk which has been coagulated by using local \"Cynara cadunculus\" thistle rather than rennet. The cheese is formed into a somewhat irregular wheel with slightly bulging sides and upper surface. It typically has a soft well-formed rind, smooth and thin with a uniform straw-yellow colour and is traditionally bound in cloth. In 2014, the \"Serra da Estrela Cheese\" was boarded in the international catalogue of endangered heritage foods named \"Ark of Taste\" which is maintained by the global Slow Food movement. Serra da Estrela cheese Serra da Estrela cheese (\"Queijo Serra da Estrela\") is a cheese made in mountainous region of Serra da Estrela in Portugal, which has been granted PDO status in the European Union."
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"retrieved": [
"FarmVille FarmVille is a farming simulation social network game developed by Zynga in 2009. It is similar to \"Happy Farm\", \"Farm Town\", and video games such as the \"Story of Seasons\" series. Its gameplay involves various aspects of farm management such as plowing land, planting, growing, and harvesting crops, harvesting trees and raising livestock. A sequel, \"FarmVille 2\", was released in September 2012. \"FarmVille\" is available as an Adobe Flash application via the social-networking website Facebook and Microsoft's MSN Games, and was available as an application (\"app\") for the iPhone, iPod Touch and iPad for a brief period in 2010. The game is free to play; however, to progress quickly within the game, players are encouraged to spend Farm Cash (in \"FarmVille\") or Farm Bucks (in \"FarmVille 2\"), which are purchasable with real-world currency, or to \"get help from their friends\". After its launch on Facebook in 2009, \"FarmVille\" became the most popular game on the site, and held that position for over two years. At its peak in March, 2010, \"FarmVille\" had 83.76 million monthly active users. Daily active users peaked at 34.5 million. Starting after 2011, the game began experiencing a considerable decline in popularity. By May 2012, the game was ranked as the seventh most popular Facebook game. As of April 30, 2016, its rank had fallen to the one-hundred-and-tenth most popular Facebook game by daily active users, while \"FarmVille 2\" had climbed to forty-second. Once players begin a farm, they first create a customizable avatar, which may be changed at any point. The player begins with an empty farm and a fixed starting number of Farm Coins, the primary currency in the game. Players also earn XP (experience points) for performing certain actions in the game such as plowing land or buying items. At certain XP benchmarks, the player's level rises. As the player obtains more items and progresses through levels, crops and animals become available to them via the \"market\" where items can be purchased using either Farm Coins or Farm Cash. Farm Cash is earned by leveling up or completing offers, or purchased for real money. The main way a player earns Farm Coins, the less-important of the two in-game currencies, is through harvesting crops or visiting their neighbors. The player does this by paying coins for plowing a unit of land. This readies the land for planting seeds, which will eventually be harvested after a set amount of time. The amount of time it takes for a crop to mature, and how much money a crop yields when harvested, is dependent on the crop planted and is noted on its entry in the \"market\" dialog. They will wither, or they will be of no use when a crop-specific amount of time has elapsed, the amount of time being equal to 2.5 times the amount of time taken to grow the crop (for example, crops which take 8 hours to grow will wither after 2.5×8=20 hours). However, a player can use Farm Cash (purchasable with real-world cash) to purchase an \"unwither\" to rejuvenate the crops or can use a biplane with \"instant grow\" to cause crops to be immediately available for harvest. Although the biplane can be purchased with coins, this special feature is only available for Farm Cash. As a player levels up more, crops with a higher payoff and economy will become available. Sometimes a crop will need a permit that costs Farm Cash in order to be planted. A player may also buy or receive from friends livestock and trees or bushels, such as cherry trees or chickens, which do not wither but instead become ready for harvest for preset amounts of money a set amount of time from their last harvest. Trees and livestock cannot die. Like most Zynga games, \"FarmVille\" incorporates the social networking aspect of Facebook into many areas of gameplay. Contacting other players allows you to improve your farm more quickly, by using their help as farmhands or by gaining rewards from helping them. Often the aid of other players is a substitute for Farm Cash, the game's purchasable in-game currency, giving players an effective choice between spamming their friends with \"FarmVille\" messages and requests, or paying real-world cash. Recently \"FarmVille\" has allowed players to add neighbors that are not Facebook friends, thus allowing the player to have many neighbors at hand. Players invite friends or other players that are not Facebook friends to be their neighbors, allowing them to perform five actions on each other's farms per day by \"visiting\" it. Neighbors may also send gifts and supplies to each other, complete specialized tasks together for rewards, and join \"co-ops\" - joint efforts to grow a certain amount of certain crops. Gifts are sent as mystery gifts with expensive, but random items, special deliveries with building supplies, or by choosing a particular item to send. They cost the sending user nothing. For \"FarmVille\"'s 2nd birthday, a series of different mystery gifts were added to the Gifts Page. Decorations can be purchased in the market for coins or game-cash or can be sent in the form of free gifts. Decorations include many items like buildings, hay bales, fences, nutcrackers, gnomes, flags and more. There are sometimes limited edition items celebrating themes such as Valentine's Day, Halloween, winter holidays and the like. Decorations also give experience points (XP) depending on the cost. On occasion, Zynga will bring back formerly discontinued decorations for sale for a limited time period. The two main in-game currencies, Farm Coins and Farm Cash (in \"FarmVille\") or Farm Bucks (in \"FarmVille 2\"), are available for purchase from Zynga with real-world money. Coins can also be \"earned\" within the game by completing tasks or selling crops, and can be spent on basic in-game items such as seeds. Farm Cash and Farm Bucks are more difficult to acquire within the game, and cannot be earned within the farm's economic system, only by special actions like leveling up or completing tasks. Farm Cash and Farm Bucks provide a route to acquire further in-game items, such as additional animals for the farm, or to acquire in-game resources like animal feed, water, fuel and power, which are otherwise slow and/or laborious for players to acquire. \"FarmVille\" has added numerous expansions over the game's lifetime, where players farm in new locales that include England, Hawaii, Japan, Atlantis, Winter holiday locations, Australia and more. As of 2014, \"FarmVille\" is releasing a new farm approximately every six weeks. Despite the initial success of the game, it has received a negative reaction from critics, video game designers, and personalities. \"Time\" magazine called the game one of the \"50 Worst Inventions\" in recent decades due to it being \"the most addictive of Facebook games\" and a \"series of mindless chores on a digital farm\". In a December 2010 interview with \"Gamasutra\", game designer and programmer Jonathan Blow criticized \"FarmVille\" for being designed to create an atmosphere of negativity, requiring an unprecedented commitment to the game, and encouraging users to exploit their friends. The video game researcher Ian Bogost designed Cow Clicker as a satire of \"FarmVille\" and similar Zynga games to deconstruct the repetitiveness and perceived absurdity of such games. Martha Stewart criticized the game on several episodes of her television series \"Martha\". Stewart's argument touched upon the notion that \"FarmVille\" was an excuse for fans of the game, among her staff and audience, to waste their time on virtual farming instead of actual gardening. \"FarmVille\" occasionally runs in-game partnerships where users can visit another company's virtual farm and buy or receive items with their brand logo. For example, as of June 9, 2011, users could get free McDonald's hot air balloons, McCafe products and the ability to visit McDonald's' virtual farm. Other brand partnerships include Minion, Frito Lay, Capitol One, American Express, Lady Gaga, Rio (the motion picture), Haiti Relief",
"games to deconstruct the repetitiveness and perceived absurdity of such games. Martha Stewart criticized the game on several episodes of her television series \"Martha\". Stewart's argument touched upon the notion that \"FarmVille\" was an excuse for fans of the game, among her staff and audience, to waste their time on virtual farming instead of actual gardening. \"FarmVille\" occasionally runs in-game partnerships where users can visit another company's virtual farm and buy or receive items with their brand logo. For example, as of June 9, 2011, users could get free McDonald's hot air balloons, McCafe products and the ability to visit McDonald's' virtual farm. Other brand partnerships include Minion, Frito Lay, Capitol One, American Express, Lady Gaga, Rio (the motion picture), Haiti Relief Fund, Discover Card, Cascadian Farm, Megamind, Farmers Insurance, Microsoft Bing, and 7-Eleven. \"FarmVille\" also offers engagement advertising where users can interact with a brand in exchange for free Farm Cash through an ad platform called SVnetwork \"FarmVille\" released an animated short titled \"A Very FarmVille Christmas\" in December 2011. \"FarmVille\" won an award at the Game Developers Conference for the \"Best New Social/Online Game\" in 2010. On June 26, 2012, \"FarmVille 2\" was unveiled, and was subsequently released in September 2012. It differs from the original \"FarmVille\" in a number of ways: \"FarmVille 2: Country Escape\" for mobile devices (iOS, Android, Windows Phone and Windows operating systems) was released on April 10, 2014, and received a positive review from \"The New York Times\". Unlike other games in the FarmVille series, \"FarmVille 2: Country Escape\" can be played offline. In 2012, Zynga, in conjunction with Hasbro, released several kids' \"Animal Games\" based on \"FarmVille\" under the \"Hasbro Gaming\" imprint. These include versions of \"Memory\" (in a \"Disco Dancing Sheep\" pouch), \"Go Fish\" (in a \"Groovy Chicken\" pouch), \"Old Maid\" (in a \"Rockstar Cow\" pouch), and \"Hungry Hungry Herd\" (a redux of \"Hungry Hungry Hippos\" with the characters Gobbling Horse, Munching Pig, Snacking Sheep and Chomping Cow replacing the Hippos in the original game). This is one of several games in the Zynga game library to be released as physical board game versions. Others include \"Draw Something\", \"Words with Friends\" and a \"CityVille\" edition of \"Monopoly\". FarmVille FarmVille is a farming simulation social network game developed by Zynga in 2009. It is similar to \"Happy Farm\", \"Farm Town\", and video games such as the \"Story of Seasons\" series. Its gameplay involves various aspects of farm management such as plowing land, planting, growing, and harvesting crops,"
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"retrieved": [
"John Rolfe Gardiner John Rolfe Gardiner (born 1936) is an American author of several novels and short stories. He is best known for his novel \"Somewhere in France\" (1999), aside from which he has written four other novels and two short-story collections. Sixteen of his stories were published in \"The New Yorker\"; others were published in \"The American Scholar\" and in other publications. His short story \"The Voyage Out\" was anthologized in \"The Best American Short Stories\". His work was awarded the Lila Wallace Reader's Digest Writers Award and the O. Henry Award. Gardiner's stories often take place in his native Virginia, but also in various places in Europe, most prominently in France. His work has received vast critical acclaim: Gardiner lives in Middleburg, Virginia, with his artist wife Joan. They have one daughter, Nicola. John Rolfe Gardiner John Rolfe Gardiner (born 1936) is an American author of several novels and short stories. He is best known for his novel \"Somewhere in France\" (1999), aside from which he has written four other novels and two short-story collections. Sixteen of his stories were published in \"The New Yorker\"; others were published in \"The American Scholar\" and in other publications. His short"
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"Alex Kennedy (racing driver) Alex Kennedy (born February 2, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 55 Chevrolet SS for Premium Motorsports, and part-time in the Xfinity Series, driving the No. 25 Chevrolet Camaro for Rick Ware Racing. After starting in Legends car racing, Kennedy returned to win the 2009 Legends Road Course World Finals. As 16-year-old in 2008, he ran occasional races in a variety of national touring series; ARCA, NASCAR K&N Pro Series West, and the NASCAR K&N Pro Series East. In 2009, he ran full-time in the NASCAR K&N Pro Series East and finished tenth in the season points with three Top 10s and one Top 5 finish. He made his first Nationwide Series start in 2010, racing in six races, primarily on road courses. He raced in five Nationwide races in the following year with a top finish of 21st. At Dover that year, Kennedy became involved in a controversial incident, where his car pulled across the track when attempting to rejoin the field after an accident and hit the car of Kevin Swindell. Kennedy made his Sprint Cup Series debut in the 2013 Toyota/Save Mart 350 at Sonoma Raceway for Humphrey Smith Racing. Kennedy is the first New Mexico native to compete in a Sprint Cup race since Al Unser, Jr. qualified for the 1993 Daytona 500. Kennedy also competed for Humphrey Smith Racing later in the year at Pocono Raceway and Watkins Glen International. Kennedy ran a number of Cup races in 2014 for Circle Sport Racing. He returned to Circle Sport for 2015, also declaring for Rookie of the Year. With his team closing down due to the charter system, he left with no ride for the 2016 season. He was later picked up by Premium Motorsports to drove the No. 55 Chevrolet at Watkins Glen. Season still in progress<br> Alex Kennedy (racing driver) Alex Kennedy (born February 2, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes part-time Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 55 Chevrolet SS for Premium Motorsports, and part-time in the Xfinity Series, driving the No. 25 Chevrolet Camaro for Rick Ware Racing. After starting in Legends car racing, Kennedy returned to win the 2009 Legends Road Course World Finals. As 16-year-old in 2008, he ran occasional races in a"
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"No. 661 Squadron RAF No. 661 Squadron was a Royal Air Force Air Observation Post squadron associated with the Canadian 1st Army and later part of the Royal Auxiliary Air Force. Numbers 651 to 663 Squadrons of the RAF were Air Observation Post units working closely with Army units in artillery spotting and liaison. A further three of these squadrons, 664–666, were manned with Canadian personnel. Their duties and squadron numbers were transferred to the Army with the formation of the Army Air Corps on 1 September 1957. No. 661 Squadron was formed at RAF Old Sarum on 31 August 1943 with the Auster III and in March 1994 the Auster IV. The squadron role was to support the Canadian 1st Army and in August 1944 it moved to France. Fighting in the break-out from Normandy it followed the Canadians across the low countries and into Germany. The squadron disbanded at Ghent, Belgium on 31 October 1945. After the war the Air Observation Squadrons were reformed and No. 661 Squadron Royal Auxiliary Air Force was as such formed at RAF Kenley on 1 May 1949, consisting of five flights -nos. 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960 and 1961 (Reserve) AOP Flights-, to provide support to the Army in the south London and Surrey area until it was disbanded on 10 March 1957 at RAF Henlow. No. 661 Squadron RAF No. 661 Squadron was a Royal Air Force Air Observation Post squadron associated with the Canadian 1st Army and later part of the Royal Auxiliary Air Force. Numbers 651 to 663 Squadrons of the RAF were Air Observation Post units working closely with Army units in artillery spotting and liaison. A further three of these squadrons, 664–666, were manned with Canadian personnel. Their duties and squadron numbers were transferred to the Army with"
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"retrieved": [
"Great Times (song) \"Great Times\" is a song by American recording artist will.i.am. Produced by will.i.am in collaboration with Freshman III and Damien Leroy, it was released as a single on November 29, 2011 in support of his fourth studio album \"#willpower\" (2013). The song, written by will.i.am about his experiences in Brazil, appears on \"#willpower\" in remixed form under the new title \"Great Times Are Coming\". will.i.am wrote \"Great Times\" as a dedication to the country of Brazil. The song contains samples of Brazilian musician Jorge Ben Jor's \"Taj Mahal\". Explaining the inspiration behind \"Great Times\", will.i.am stated: An unfinished version of the song initially leaked to the Internet in September 2011, at which will.i.am expressed his dissatisfaction. In a post to the social networking site Twitter, he wrote: \"I never wanted that version released. Now I am very angry. Who leaked it? That's not how things should be. Not cool!\" \"Great Times\" served as the first single from \"#willpower\" in Brazil, and was released as a digital single in the country on November 29, 2011. To promote the single's release, will.i.am partnered with Anheuser-Busch InBev, who pressed magazine advertisements containing a playable vinyl flexidisc single featuring \"Great Times\". \"Great Times\" was later released to Brazilian radio, peaking at number 59 on \"Billboard\" Brasil Hot 100 Airplay chart. The music video for \"Great Times\" was shot in the Brazilian cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. It was released on February 13, 2012 through will.i.am's VEVO channel. The video depicts will.i.am partying and travelling around Brazil. Reviewing the video, a critic for the website Idolator quipped that will.i.am \"suggests that we all arrange our bags and we travel to Brazil.\" Great Times (song) \"Great Times\" is a song by American recording artist will.i.am. Produced by will.i.am in collaboration"
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"Veppan Valasu Veppan valasu is a small village in Melakkottai Panjayat, Palani Taluk, Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, India. The exact history of this village is unknown. The village has many margosa (or neem ) trees which in Tamil called as Veppa maram and Valasu means a small village, so it may be called as \"Veppa mara valasu and in turn Veppanvalasu. The village is a region of extreme hotness and low humidity. The north east monsoon provides the bulk of rainfall during the months of October and November. The north east monsoon, which starts in June and lasting until mid August, provides showers and makes the region relatively cooler than in other months. The entire village has only few streets and 3 areas Parted as North side of the Bus stop, South side of Bus stop and the new colony at the entrance of the Village. Temples at Veppanvalasu, Ganesh Temple Kaliamman Temple Lord Siva Temple Perumal Temple (on small hills, located 1 km away from the village) The village people has been giving much importance to education. There is one Primary panchayat union school available and for high schools the students have to travel near by villages about 3 km to reach either RC High school, Vedikaram valasu or Saraswathi High school, Amarapoondi. ITO High School, 9 km away from village. And for colleges the students have to travel 16 Kilometers to nearby town Palani. Colleges at Palani. A.P.A arts and science college / APA poly technique and APA college for women . The village has only little educated and very little group of Graduates earlier. But for the past 2 decades many became qualified as Graduates / Engineering Graduates. Many are employed around various states and even working in USA / Canada. All the people are related with Agriculture and related works. The crops they cultivate are: maize, groundnut, sunflower, vegetables, sesame, guava, gooseberry and coconut. This village has a very small population (around 5000). Veppan Valasu Veppan valasu is a small village in Melakkottai Panjayat, Palani Taluk, Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, India. The exact history of this village is unknown. The village has many margosa (or neem ) trees which in Tamil called as Veppa maram and Valasu means a small village, so it may be called as \"Veppa mara valasu and in turn Veppanvalasu. The village is a region of extreme hotness and low humidity. The"
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"Klaus Schønning Klaus Schønning (born 1954) is a Danish musician, known as a pioneer in the new-age genre. Schønning was born in Copenhagen in 1954 and began composing music as a child. He studied music at the University of Copenhagen. His work is notable for its deft orchestration and a wide variety of featured instruments, including harp, zither, dulcimer, bouzouki, glockenspiel, and guitars. Klaus Schønning was also one of the first musicians to release his music independently. In the late seventies not many labels understood this new genre and hence they were reluctant to sign the then unknown composer. Instead of accepting the rejections, Klaus Schønning released his two first albums himself, and distributed them by bike to the Copenhagen record shops. Later he was signed to major labels such as Sony Music. Klaus Schønning Klaus Schønning (born 1954) is a Danish musician, known as a pioneer in the new-age genre. Schønning was born in Copenhagen in 1954 and began composing music as a child. He studied music at the University of Copenhagen. His work is notable for its deft orchestration and a wide variety of featured instruments, including harp, zither, dulcimer, bouzouki, glockenspiel, and guitars. Klaus Schønning was also"
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"Lace machine Lace machines took over the commercial manufacture of lace during the nineteenth century. The stocking frame was a mechanical weft-knitting knitting machine used in the textiles industry. It was invented by William Lee of Calverton near Nottingham in 1589. Framework knitting, was the first major stage in the mechanisation of the textile industry at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. It was adapted to knit cotton, do ribbing and by 1800, with the introduction of dividers (divider bar) as a lace making machine. Bobbinet machines were invented in 1808 by John Heathcoat. He studied the hand movements of a Northamptonshire manual lace maker and reproduced them in the roller-locker machine. The 1809 version of this machine (patent no. 3216) became known as the \"Old Loughborough\", it was wide and was designed for use with cotton. The Old Loughborough became the standard lacemaking machine, particularly the 1820 form known as the Circular producing two-twist plain net. The smooth, unpatterned tulle produced on these machines was on a par with real, handmade lace net. Heathcoat's bobbinet machine is so ingeniously designed that the ones used today have suffered little alteration. However during the next 30 years inventors were patenting improvements to their machines. The ones that stand out are the Pusher machine, the Levers machine (now spelled Leavers) and the Nottingham lace curtain machine. Each of these developed into separate machines. Others were the Traverse Warp machine and the Straight Bolt machine. The stocking frame, invented in 1589 by Lee, consisted of a stout wooden frame. It did straight knitting not tubular knitting. It had a separate needle for each loop- these were low carbon steel bearded needles where the tips were reflexed and could be depressed onto a hollow closing the loop. The needle were supported on a \"needle bar\" that passed back and forth, to and from the operator. The beards were simultaneously depressed by a \"presser bar\". The first machine had 8 needles per inch and was suitable for worsted: The next version had 16 needles per inch and was suitable for silk. This includes the later Raschel machine The bobbinet machine, invented by John Heathcoat in Loughborough, Leicestershire, in 1808, makes a perfect copy of Lille or East Midlands net (fond simple, a six-sided net with four sides twisted, two crossed). The machine uses flat round bobbins in carriages to pass through and round vertical threads. In 1812 Samual Clark and James Mart constructed a machine that was capable of working a pattern and net at the same time. A \"pusher\" operated each bobbin and carriage independently allowing almost unlimited designs and styles. The machine however was slow, delicate, costly and could produce only short \"webs\" of about two by four yards. The machine was modified by J. Synyer in 1829. and by others before. Production had its heydays in the 1860s and ceased around 1870–1880. John Levers adapted Heathcoat's Old Loughborough machine while working in a garret on Derby Road Nottingham in 1813. The name of the machine was the Leavers machine (the 'a' was added to aid pronunciation in France). The original machine made net but it was discovered that the Jacquard apparatus (invented in France for weaving looms by J M Jacquard in about 1800) could be adapted to it. From 1841 lace complete with pattern, net and outline could be made on the Leavers machine. The Leavers machine is probably the most versatile of all machines for making patterned lace. The lace curtain machine, invented by John Livesey in Nottingham in 1846 was another adaptation of John Heathcoat's bobbinet machine. It made the miles of curtaining which screened Victorian and later windows. The Barmen machine was developed in the 1890s in Germany from a braiding machine. Its bobbins imitate the movements of the bobbins of the hand-made lace maker and it makes perfect copies of Torchon and the simpler hand-made laces. It can only make one width at a time, and has a maximum width of about 120 threads. These produce \"Chemical lace\" or \"Burnt out lace\" on bobbinet or dissolvable net, For instance the Heilmann of 1828, Multihead, Bonnaz, Cornely and the Schiffli. Part laces like Honiton and Brussels profited to a certain degree from mechanisation. Part lace is made in pieces or motifs, which are joined together on a ground, net or mesh, or with plaits, bars or legs. With mechanisation, the complex motifs could be mounted on machine made net. New net based laces emerged, such as Carrickmacross and Tambour lace. By 1870, virtually every type of hand-made lace (pillow lace, bobbin lace) had its machine-made copy. It became increasingly difficult for hand lacemakers to make a living from their work and most of the English handmade lace industry had disappeared by 1900. Few were interested in tracing and curating old laces and few courses where available to keep the technique alive, until a revival in the 1960s. Lace machine Lace machines took over the commercial manufacture of lace during the nineteenth century. The stocking frame was a mechanical weft-knitting knitting machine used in the textiles industry. It was invented by William Lee of Calverton near Nottingham in 1589. Framework knitting, was the first major stage in the mechanisation of the textile industry at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. It was adapted to knit cotton, do ribbing and by 1800, with the introduction of dividers (divider bar) as"
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"Cultural technology Cultural technology () is a system used by South Korean talent agencies to promote Korean pop culture throughout the world as part of the Korean Wave. The system was developed by Lee Soo-man, founder of talent agency and record company SM Entertainment. During a speech at the Stanford Graduate School of Business in 2011, Lee said he coined the term \"cultural technology\" about fourteen years prior, when S.M. Entertainment decided to promote its K-pop artists to all of Asia.In the late 1990s, Lee and his colleagues created a manual on cultural technology, which specified the steps needed to popularize K-pop artists outside South Korea. \"The manual, which all S.M. employees are instructed to learn, explains when to bring in foreign composers, producers, and choreographers; what chord progressions to use in what country; the precise color of eyeshadow a performer should wear in a particular country; the exact hand gestures he or she should make; and the camera angles to be used in the videos (a three-hundred-and-sixty-degree group shot to open the video, followed by a montage of individual closeups),\" according to \"The New Yorker.\" The cultural technology system originally employed by SM Entertainment since the 1990s existed in four stages: Casting, Training, Producing, and Marketing/Managing. Each of these four stages were curated to help spread the Hallyu wave through the development of its artists, and are present in the strategies of many other South Korean talent agencies when creating, debuting, and marketing groups. Many of Korea's entertainment industries host worldwide global auditions to find talents in countries all around the world. Some examples would include SM's Global Auditions, Bighit's Hit It auditions, and YG's Next Generation auditions. Casting, however, is not limited to audition. Scouting and streetcasting is often commonplace as well, with members like BTS's Jin recruited for their looks or other surface reasons Sometimes, casting agents will go to schools specializing in dance and recruit the top dancers at showcases, or go to dance crews and take on young dancers to be trained further at the entertainment company. These forms of recruitment based off talent can lead to international members. While the majority of K-pop idols are from South Korea, many are from or are descendants of people ethnically belonging to Japan, China, or Thailand, like members from Twice, EXO, GOT7, NCT etc. Idols train extensively before debut. They receive training in dance, vocal activities, presentation, and other areas that will benefit them in the industry. Oftentimes, this training will last for years at a time, and trainees are in the proverbial dungeon. Before debut, idols and groups attempt to gain fans through pre-debut activities. SM Entertainment has a system in place called SM Rookies, which is a pre-debut team that hosts concerts and releases videos that strengthen the fanbase of the group even before their first single is released. Other forms of pre-debut activities include featuring in other, more seasoned idols' videos—like Nu'est in Orange Caramel or Exo in Girls' Generation-TTS Twinkle or BTS in Jo Kwon. One particular method of pre-debut training is coupled with casting in production shows, like Sixteen and Produce 101, in which members for a final group are selected and trained. The production of music is integral in culture technology. For cultural technology, production of music helps create differentiated content to set trends in the K-pop world—trends that vary from music to also costume, choreography, and music videos. SM in particular focuses heavily on the expansion globally. Some companies also outsource production to more internationally famed parties, like Cube Entertainment's partnership with Skrillex for 4minute's Act. 7. In the marketing and management stage, talent agencies seek to broaden their reach. Often, idols have potential for being actors and actresses in dramas, or perhaps hosts/permanent members of variety shows like Heechul in Knowing Bros or Hani in Weekly Idol. This so-called omnidirectional marketing lineup ranges over lifestyle and seeks to reach many aspects of living, like music, tv, drama, entertainment, sports, and fashion. This is also where older groups find new life, like Super Junior. Companies are not complacent but experiment constantly to develop the best marketing for the best management system. Marketing also aspires to branch out to international audiences, sometimes via the implementation of variety shows. Despite being primarily in Korean, these variety shows are accessible to all due to the simplistic, easily understood nature of shows—game-oriented shows like Run BTS! or consistently subbed shows like Weekly Idol are popular in showing the fun-loving side of idols. In February 2016, SM hosted a press conference discussing the future of SM and its cultural technology. Lee Soo-man announced the implementation of New Culture Technology, an SM-specific system. While SM's cultural technology in the past relied on local, Korean artists like Rain and BoA, the updated model tries to embed more and more foreign singers from strategic markets into larger girl or boy bands. These imported singers are then used to promote their acts back in their respective home countries. New Culture Technology is 5 projects—SM Station, EDM, Digital Platforms, Rookies Entertainment, and MCN—and one experimental group, NCT. It is a convergence and expansion of SM's four core culture technologies developed and deals heavily with interaction and the desire to innovate through communication. SM announced their intention of creating a new song every week for 52 weeks. Through this constant output of music, they intend to stray away from conventional forms of music and show active movement in digital music market and physical album market through freely and continuously releasing music. Additionally, this SM Station will feature collaborations between artists, producers, composers, and company brands outside the SM label. The name of SM Station is both derived from the radio station and the metaphorical train station. NCT is the new artist group formed by SM that embodies the concepts of cultural technology. With the seemingly limitless combinations and groups, SM aspires to make the whole world a stage for NCT. As of February 2018, the group consists of 18 members: Taeil, Johnny, Taeyong, Yuta, Kun, Doyoung, Ten, Jaehyun, Winwin, Jungwoo, Lucas, Mark, Renjun, Jeno, Haechan, Jaemin, Chenle, and Jisung. According to Lee, there are three stages necessary to popularize Korean culture outside South Korea: exporting the product, collaborating with international companies to expand the product's presence abroad, and finally creating a joint venture with international companies. As part of their joint ventures with international companies, South Korean talent agencies may hire foreign composers, producers, and choreographers to ensure K-pop songs feel \"local\" to foreign countries. Despite Lee's claim that he coined the term \"cultural technology,\" South Korean computer scientist Kwangyun Wohn said he coined the term \"culture technology\" in 1994. Cultural technology has also been one of six technology initiatives of the South Korean government since 2001. In regards to cultural technology, the Korean Wave is considered one of the most successful outcomes of government support of exporting Korean entertainment products. Cultural technology Cultural technology () is a system used by South Korean talent agencies to promote Korean pop culture throughout the world as part of the Korean Wave. The system was developed by Lee Soo-man, founder of talent agency and record company SM Entertainment. During a speech at the Stanford"
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"Piper–Beebe House The Piper–Beebe House, located at 2 S. A St. in Virginia City, Nevada, is a historic Italianate house that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was an 1876 work of Virginia City builder/architect A.F. MacKay, the only one of his works in Virginia City that survives. It was built after the \"Great Fire\" of 1875 that destroyed much of the city. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993. It has also been known as the Piper–Clegg House. It is also listed on the National Register as a contributing building within the National Historic Landmark Virginia City Historic District. It was deemed significant for association with its owners and for its architecture. Piper–Beebe House The Piper–Beebe House, located at 2 S. A St. in Virginia City, Nevada, is a historic Italianate house that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was an 1876 work of Virginia City builder/architect A.F. MacKay, the only one of his works in Virginia City that survives. It was built after the \"Great Fire\" of 1875 that destroyed much of the city. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic"
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"Sánchez Ramírez Province Sánchez Ramírez () is a province of the Dominican Republic. It was split from Duarte in 1952, and is named after Brigadier Juan Sánchez Ramírez, hero of the Battle of Palo Hincado (1808) at which Spanish rebels defeated the French occupying forces. The province as of June 20, 2006 is divided into the following municipalities (\"municipios\") and municipal districts (\"distrito municipal\" - D.M.) within them: The following is a sortable table of the municipalities and municipal districts with population figures as of the 2012 census. Urban population are those living in the seats (\"cabeceras\" literally heads) of municipalities or of municipal districts. Rural population are those living in the districts (\"Secciones\" literally sections) and neighborhoods (\"Parajes\" literally places) outside of them. For comparison with the municipalities and municipal districts of other provinces see the list of municipalities and municipal districts of the Dominican Republic. Sánchez Ramírez Province Sánchez Ramírez () is a province of the Dominican Republic. It was split from Duarte in 1952, and is named after Brigadier Juan Sánchez Ramírez, hero of the Battle of Palo Hincado (1808) at which Spanish rebels defeated the French occupying forces. The province as of June 20, 2006 is"
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"David Griffin (swimmer) David Griffin (born 1967 in Kempsey, New South Wales) is an Australian swimmer. He lost his right leg above the knee in a tractor accident when he was 11 years of age. At the age of 15 he was noticed by a local swim coach Roger Whitmore and began training in earnest for the NSW Amputee championships. David competed in the 1984 Games for the Disabled in New York where he won a bronze medal in the 100 m butterfly. At the 1988 Seoul Paralympics he won bronze medals in both the 100 m butterfly and freestyle events. David Griffin (swimmer) David Griffin (born 1967 in Kempsey, New South Wales) is an Australian swimmer. He lost his right leg above the knee in a tractor accident when he was 11 years of age. At the age of 15 he was noticed by a local swim coach Roger Whitmore and began training in earnest for the NSW Amputee championships. David competed in the 1984 Games for the Disabled in New York where he won a bronze medal in the 100 m butterfly. At the 1988 Seoul Paralympics he won bronze medals in both the 100 m butterfly and"
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"STRAND7 Strand7 is a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software product developed by the company with the same name. The Strand computer software was first developed by a group of academics from the University of Sydney and the University of New South Wales. Further to this early research work, an independent company called G+D Computing was established in 1988 to develop an FEA program that could be used commercially for industrial applications. Between 1988 and 1996 the company researched, developed and marketed a series of DOS and Unix based FEA programs, most notably its STRAND6 program. In 1996 the company commenced work on a completely new software development specifically for the Windows platform. This product was first released in 2000 and was named Strand7. In 2005 the company also changed its name to Strand7 to better reflect its primary focus. Some high-profile applications of Strand7 include the optimisation of the \"Water Cube\" Beijing National Aquatics Center for the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the \"Runner\" sculpture that was placed on top of Sydney Tower during the 2000 Sydney Olympics and the Terminal 2E roof, Charles de Gaulle Airport. Strand7 is most commonly used for the construction and mechanical engineering sectors, but also has seen use in other areas of engineering including aeronautical, marine and mining. Strand7 includes the following solvers: STRAND7 Strand7 is a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software product developed by the company with the same name. The Strand computer software was first developed by a group of academics from the University of Sydney and the University of New South Wales. Further to this early research work, an independent company called G+D Computing was established in 1988 to develop an FEA program that could be used commercially for industrial applications. Between 1988 and 1996 the company researched, developed and marketed a series"
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"UC Merced Golden Bobcats The UC Merced Golden Bobcats are the intercollegiate athletics teams of the University of California, Merced (UCM). The school colors are royal blue and gold. A majority of UCM's sports teams compete as club sports and intramurals. On April 19, 2011, the NAIA made UC Merced one of four new members to join the organization. On May 6, 2011, the Golden Bobcats were made official members of the California Pacific Conference. UC Merced sports that compete intercollegiately are men's and women's cross country, men's and women's volleyball, men's and women's soccer, and men's and women's basketball. Club sports at UC Merced include archery, baseball, the Bobcat Dance Team, cheer, lacrosse, martial arts, golf, softball, water polo, and wrestling as of now. The university plans on adding more as the school progresses. The teams compete against sister UC's and other California universities. Intramurals include a wide array of sports such as basketball, ultimate frisbee, flag football, dodgeball, grass volleyball, indoor volleyball, table tennis, soccer, archery, etc. Men Women UC Merced Golden Bobcats The UC Merced Golden Bobcats are the intercollegiate athletics teams of the University of California, Merced (UCM). The school colors are royal blue and gold."
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"Kevin Rutmanis Kevin Rutmanis (born October 17, 1958) is an American bass guitarist. He is of Latvian descent. Before getting into music, he was a student teacher. In late 1985, along with his younger brother Sandris Rutmanis, Thor Eisentrager, and then Jayhawks drummer Norm Rogers, he started the band The Cows. After the dissolution of The Cows, Rutmanis was the bass guitar player for The Melvins from 1998 to 2005. He was also the bass guitarist in the supergroup Tomahawk featuring Mike Patton. Kevin played bass on Tomahawk's first two long play releases, titled \"Tomahawk\" and \"Mit Gas\", and played for two world tours supporting those albums. He has recently recorded with Hepa-Titus. Kevin Rutmanis Kevin Rutmanis (born October 17, 1958) is an American bass guitarist. He is of Latvian descent. Before getting into music, he was a student teacher. In late 1985, along with his younger brother Sandris Rutmanis, Thor Eisentrager, and then Jayhawks drummer Norm Rogers, he started the band The Cows. After the dissolution of The Cows, Rutmanis was the bass guitar player for The Melvins from 1998 to 2005. He was also the bass guitarist in the supergroup Tomahawk featuring Mike Patton. Kevin played bass on"
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"Josef Wagner (Gauleiter) Josef Wagner (12 January 1899 – 22 April or 2 May 1945) was from 1928 the Nazi \"Gauleiter\" of the Gau of Westphalia-South, and as of January 1935 also of the Gau of Silesia. In 1942 he was expelled from the Nazi Party (NSDAP) and imprisoned by the Gestapo, dying at some point in 1945. Josef Wagner was born in Algrange, Alsace-Lorraine, to miner Nikolaus Wagner. Beginning in the summer of 1913 he went to the teachers' seminary in Wittlich, and as of June 1917 he was a soldier at the Western Front during the First World War. There he ended up as a prisoner of war of the French, but managed to escape in 1918. In 1919 he returned to Germany by way of Switzerland. He ended his training as a \"Volksschule\" teacher and first worked as a finance official in Fulda, and by 1921 at the \"Bochumer Verein\". Wagner joined the Nazi Party quite early on, in 1922, and founded the NSDAP local (\"Ortsgruppe\") in Bochum. In 1927, he was a \"Volksschule\" teacher at the \"Volksschule Horst-Emscher\" – and by 1928 at the Gelsenkirchen branch – from which he was fired for political reasons. In 1928, he was appointed \"Gauleiter\" of the Gau of Westphalia, and after the Gau was split in two in 1931, he was given the office of \"Gauleiter\" of Westphalia-South, whose seat was in Bochum. From 1928 to 1930, Wagner was among the NSDAP's first twelve members of the Reichstag in Berlin. Beginning in 1934, Wagner – who had been a Prussian State Councillor since 1933 – also led the Gau of Silesia in Breslau (nowadays Wrocław, Poland). He was appointed High President (\"Oberpräsident\") of the Prussian province of Lower Silesia in Breslau, and furthermore administered the Upper Silesian High President's business. After Silesia was reunited into one province, Wagner became its High President in 1938, until the province was split again in January 1941. On 29 October 1936, Wagner was appointed \"Reichskommissar\" for Pricing. From the outbreak of the Second World War on 1 September 1939 he was also Reich Defence Commissar for Silesia (Defence District VIII). On 9 November 1941, Wagner was dismissed as \"Gauleiter\" directly by Adolf Hitler. This outcome was due to a letter Wagner's wife had sent to their daughter, which had come to official attention. The Wagners were Catholics, and she disapproved of her daughter's planned marriage to a non-Catholic SS man on religious grounds. His successor as NSDAP \"Gauleiter\" was Fritz Bracht. On 12 October 1942 Wagner was expelled from the Party. Wagner moved back to Bochum and lived there. Later when suspected of involvement in the attempt on Hitler's life at the Wolf's Lair on 20 July 1944, he was arrested by the Gestapo after its failure. His name had appeared in a document prepared by the conspirators. It referred to \"upright and capable\" individuals who should be approached to be \"convinced of the necessity of such a step and to support it. e.g. Gauleiter Wagner.\" The circumstances of his death in 1945 are unclear. Either he was put to death by the SS in Berlin, or he was shot by a Soviet soldier. Josef Wagner (Gauleiter) Josef Wagner (12 January 1899 – 22 April or 2 May 1945) was from 1928 the Nazi \"Gauleiter\" of the Gau of Westphalia-South, and as of January 1935 also of the Gau of Silesia. In 1942 he was expelled from the Nazi Party (NSDAP) and imprisoned by the Gestapo, dying at some point in 1945. Josef Wagner was born in Algrange, Alsace-Lorraine, to miner Nikolaus Wagner."
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"VMAQ-3 Marine Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron 3 (VMAQ-3) was one of four Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadrons in the United States Marine Corps. The squadron consisted EA-6B Prowler jets and was tasked with conducting airborne electronic warfare. The squadron was based at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina and fell under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 14 (MAG-14) and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW). The squadron was decommissioned on May 11, 2018 as the Marine Corps sunsets the EA-6B Prowler. Support the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) commander by conducting airborne electronic warfare, day or night, under all weather conditions during Expeditionary, Joint, or Combined operations. VMC-2 was formally commissioned at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point on September 15, 1952, evolving from the Airborne Early Warning and Electronic Countermeasures section of the Wing Headquarters Squadron. On December 1, 1955, the squadron was combined with Marine Photographic Squadron 2 (VMJ-2). In July 1975, VMCJ-2 was reorganized into separate electronic warfare and photoreconnaissance squadrons. VMAQ-2, based at MCAS Cherry Point, retained all electronic warfare aircraft, while the photo reconnaissance aircraft became VMFP-3, based at Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, California. Some of the aircraft flown by VMAQ-3's tactical electronic warfare predecessors included; the AD-5Q Skyraider, the EF-10B Skyknight and the EA-6A Electric Intruder. In 1977, the Marine Corps received the first of its EA-6B \"Prowlers,\". VMAQ-2 was organized into three Detachments; XRAY, YANKEE and ZULU to better support the Marine Corps' worldwide mission. On July 1, 1992, VMAQ-3 was commissioned and formed from the personnel and aircraft of VMAQ-2 Detachment ZULU. In October 1994, VMAQ-3 received The Association of Old Crows Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron of the Year Award. VMAQ-3 began integrating with Carrier Airwing One (CVW-1), in December 1994 and deployed to the Mediterranean Sea and Persian Gulf aboard the USS America (CV-66) in August 1995. The Squadron saw combat action in Operation Deliberate Force, Operation Deny Flight and Operation Decisive Endeavor. Additionally the squadron participated in Operation Southern Watch in the Persian Gulf. Early 1997 found the Moondogs preparing to deploy to Aviano Air Base, Italy. From February to August the Moondogs conducted air operations over Bosnia in support of Operation Deliberate Guard while also supporting Operation Silver Wake, a Non-Combatant Evacuation Operation conducted in Albania. In December 2000 to April 2001, VMAQ-3 deployed to Prince Sultan Air Base, Saudi Arabia in support of Operation Southern Watch. From October 2001 to February 2002, VMAQ-3 deployed to Incirlik Air Base, Turkey to fly combat missions in the enforcement of United Nations resolutions and sanctions imposed upon Iraq by flying in support of Operation Northern Watch. Early in 2003 the squadron was deployed to Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni, Japan as part of the Unit Deployment Program. During this time the squadron participated in exercises in Thailand and Korea. From January to August 2005 the squadron was deployed to Bagram Air Base, Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). VMAQ-3 was awarded a Meritorious Unit Commendation for its performance during this time. From July 2006 to January 2007, the squadron supported Operation Iraqi Freedom where they sustained an operational tempo 700% greater than their average garrison optempo. VMAQ-3 flew over 3,900 hours in support of ground combat forces. On February 5, 2010 aircraft from VMAQ-3 returned home to MCAS Cherry Point from Al Asad Airbase in western Iraq after a six-month deployment. They were the last Marine Corps aviation unit to leave Iraq after the Marine Corps turned over control of Al Anbar Governorate to the United States Army. On August 7, 2015 the squadron deployed to MCAS Iwakuni, Japan in support of the Global War on Terror. They returned on February 11, 2016 to MCAS Cherry Point. The squadron was decommissioned on May 11, 2018 at MCAS Cherry Point after 26 years of service. A unit citation or commendation is an award bestowed upon an organization for the action cited. Members of the unit who participated in said actions are allowed to wear on their uniforms the awarded unit citation. VMAQ-3 has been presented with the following awards: Notes VMAQ-3 Marine Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron 3 (VMAQ-3) was one of four Tactical Electronic Warfare"
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"Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College is an engineering college in Mumbai affiliated under University Of Mumbai. The college offers technical education to students. This college was established by the Mahavir Education Trust in 1985, making it one of the oldest technical institutes in the state. The college has been graded 'A' by the Directorate of Technical Education. In 1983 the Mahavir Education Trust was established. The Master of Management Studies (MMS) course offered by the University of Mumbai in August 2008. After establishing a strong brand image for itself in the engineering domain, the trust decided start management course. The funds for the development of the Engineering College are being augmented by donation from many other philanthropic business and industrialists. The Engineering College is run by the Mahavir Education Trust established for development of appropriate education in technical field. The Engineering College is run on a\"no grant\" basis and is affiliated to The University of Mumbai. Mahavir Education Trust has also established Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Polytechnic at Chembur which conducts Diploma Courses. Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College is located on Dr.Chotiram Gidwani Marg, Govandi at a distance of about one and half kilometer and to the east of Chembur railway station. Deonar Bus Depot is within walking distance. All laboratories, class rooms, drawing hall, students room, sports hall, administrative office are situated in a seven-storeyed building of the college. Adjoining to it, is the Diploma section of the college located in a separate building. The college has an intake capacity of 420 students in three branches for Bachelor of Engineering degree: In addition to these, 10–15 diploma students are admitted each year during the second year of the bachelor's degree. The college has furnished classrooms. Most classrooms have a capacity of around 75 seats, while with some larger classrooms with nearly double capacity. The college has an auditorium that seats 120. There is also an Engineering Drawing hall. The college has a library with reading hall, a collection of books related to the curriculum and a few books related to self-improvement and personality development. The college library subscribes to a number of National and International Journals devoted to technical subjects to help students keep themselves updated with latest developments. The college is also a member of IEL Online where IEEE journals can be accessed. Web browsing facilities are also available in the library. The library has university prescribed text books and reference material. It subscribes to all major international journals and magazines. The library is open six days a week, and on Sundays when exams are approaching. Canara Bank extension counter has been provided for exclusive use by the staff and students of the college and polytechnic. The in-house canteen provides a variety of food items. A gymkhana with facilities for Table Tennis, Carrom and Chess has been provided. Master of Engineering section in Shah and Anchor was affiliated by Mumbai University in the year 2011. The Masters in Management Studies (MMS) is a two-year full-time management program affiliated to the University of Mumbai and is approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE). The program is conducted under the direction of the University with functional specializations offered in the areas of Marketing, Finance, System & Human Resources. The college has an intake capacity of 60 students in three branches for M.M.S degree: The Department Of Management studies is located in the college building. The department has a library with a reading hall. It has a large collection of books related to the curriculum and related to general management, business, self-improvement and personality development. Apart from curriculum, the college also encourages students to actively participate in outdoor activities. Lectures and Practicals are mainly conducted between 9.15am and 5.00pm, with an occasional early extra class. Most students engage in various technical, cultural and athletic extra-curricular activities. The expansive lobby is a hub of activity in the time the college is active, and the gymkhana often remains open after hours. There is a canteen located behind the Diploma section as well as two food stalls by another side gate that serve a variety of refreshments. The grounds behind the college also sees a lot of activity during the lunch breaks and during sports season. Most students have joined one of the three main organizations pervasive in the college. These organizations are involved in a series of workshops and seminars that the students themselves conduct. The organizations have been detailed below. These three student organizations are the main source of extracurricular and technical activities hosted by the college. IEEE-SAKEC is the student chapter of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers. It helps organize Nucleus, an annual intercollegiate technical symposium. It is the most active student body in the whole Bombay Section. Apart from organizing events in the college like international university fairs, technical and non-technical seminars and workshops, it organizes a yearly industrial visit to parts of the country. IEEE-SAKEC is a big milestone of this college. ISTE-SAKEC is the student chapter of the Indian Society for Technical Education, established in 2005. It organizes workshops, seminars and field trips. It helps organize Nucleus, the annual intercollegiate technical symposium. CSI-SAKEC is the student chapter of the Computer Society of India. It conducts workshops during holidays for SAKEC students. The students started a CSI website and CSI magazine, Cache in March 2010. IETE-SAKEC is the student chapter of the Institute of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers. The IETE SAKEC has been instrumental in bringing all the students of the college in the Electronics and telecommunication branch closer and making shah and anchor a closely knit family. It is a new organization and was made famous for its classy opening ceremony, wherein the inauguration of the organization's name (IETE-SAKEC) was done by the chairman with the help of a remote controlled curtain raiser.This is just the beginning of the many more events that would be conducted successfully by the newly christened student organisation. The college holds multiple events in its annual festival. They are broadly classified into six categories: Nucleus (the technical fest), R1 (national level robotics), Verve (the cultural fest), Marathon, Olympus (comprising all sports based events) and Portal. Nucleus is the annual technical symposium of the college. It is jointly organised by the student bodies and the college student council. Companies like HP, Videocon, Bank of Baroda, Samsonite, Charagh Din, MTNL and Asian Paints are associated with it. It covers 50 colleges with more than 3000 students coming from all the parts of the city. Nucleus is SAKEC's annual technical festival promoting technical events and contests for all Mumbai University students. It aims to provide a platform for students to come out of their usual syllabus and experience practical knowledge. Nucleus hosts the following events: R1 is a national-level robotics event held annually in the college grounds. Sponsored by the memorial trust of the late student Monish Gala, it consists of racing events. The first edition of this event was held in 2009, and was conceived and organized by Monish. A dirt race consisting of both wired and wireless Internal combustion engine robotic cars is held at the college ground. Being a national level event, this event sees participation from engineering students all over India. Verve is the annual inter-collegian cultural festival of the college. It hosts events of widely varied genres. The SAKEC Marathon began as an",
"students. It aims to provide a platform for students to come out of their usual syllabus and experience practical knowledge. Nucleus hosts the following events: R1 is a national-level robotics event held annually in the college grounds. Sponsored by the memorial trust of the late student Monish Gala, it consists of racing events. The first edition of this event was held in 2009, and was conceived and organized by Monish. A dirt race consisting of both wired and wireless Internal combustion engine robotic cars is held at the college ground. Being a national level event, this event sees participation from engineering students all over India. Verve is the annual inter-collegian cultural festival of the college. It hosts events of widely varied genres. The SAKEC Marathon began as an event held during the 2010 college festival, and has been repeated annually. Students from all over the city compete in running a mile through the roads of Chembur. This has become a key event of the SAKEC festival. The SAKEC Marathon began as an event marked to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the college, and was held during the 2010 college festival. Olympus is the annual sports festival. Intercollegiate events range from football and table tennis to chess and Carrom. More than 60 teams from engineering and medical colleges participate in Olympus. Inter-college competitions started in 2009 and have expanded since. Intra-Olympus too consists of a variety of sports and games ranging from outdoor games like Cricket, football and volleyball to indoor games like chess and Carrom. Nucleus also hosts a variety of web-based games and events that require on-line participation. These include Google Whack, CodeChef competitions, Web Hunt and Virtual Stock Exchange. Recruiters include consulting, engineering and software development firms. Major recruiters include Tata Consultancy Services, Mastek, Wipro, Syntel, iGATE, Blue Star Infotech, Amdocs, Oracle Financial Services Software (Previously iFlex), Indus Valley Partners, Mphasis, Larsen & Toubro Infotech, Capgemini, Tech Mahindra, Accenture, GE Energy, Vistaar, Webaroo (Now SMS GupShup),Godrej infotech. Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College Shah & Anchor Kutchhi Engineering College is an engineering college in Mumbai affiliated under University Of Mumbai. The college offers technical education to students. This college was established by the Mahavir Education Trust in 1985, making it one of the oldest technical institutes in the state. The college has been graded 'A' by the Directorate of Technical Education."
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"Augustus W. Bennet Augustus Witschief Bennet (October 7, 1897 – June 5, 1983) was an American politician and a United States Representative from New York. Born in New York City, New York County, New York Bennet was a son of U.S. Representative William Stiles Bennet and Gertrude (Witschief) Bennet. He attended the public schools in New York City and Washington, D.C., and graduated from Amherst College in 1918. During the First World War, Bennet served in the United States Naval Reserve Flying Corps with the rating of chief quartermaster from June 8, 1918 to January 19, 1919. He graduated from the Columbia University Law School at New York City in 1921, was admitted to the bar the same year. Bennet commenced practice in Newburgh. He was United States referee in bankruptcy from 1923 to 1944, and was married to Maxine Layne on October 19, 1929. Elected as a Republican to the Seventy-ninth Congress, Bennet was U. S. Representative for the twenty-ninth district of New York and held that office from January 3, 1945 to January 3, 1947. He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1946. Resuming the practice of law, Bennet resided in Laguna Hills, California until he died in Concord, Massachusetts, on June 5, 1983 (age 85 years, 241 days). He was cremated, and his ashes are interred at Cedar Hills Mausoleum, Newburgh, New York. Augustus W. Bennet Augustus Witschief Bennet (October 7, 1897 – June 5, 1983) was an American politician and a United States Representative from New York. Born in New York City, New York County, New York Bennet was a son of U.S. Representative William Stiles Bennet and Gertrude (Witschief) Bennet. He attended the public schools in New York City and Washington, D.C., and graduated from Amherst College in 1918. During the First World War,"
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"Kung Fu Divas Kung Fu Divas is a 2013 Philippine action comedy film directed by Onat Diaz and starring Ai Ai delas Alas and Marian Rivera. The lead stars also co-produced the film which opened in theaters on October 2, 2013 as part of Star Cinema's 20th Anniversary presentation. This film is a parody of Gu Long's Wuxia novel Juedai Shuangjiao. Charlotte (Ai Ai de las Alas) is from a family of beauty queens, but she has yet to win a title of her own. Her final chance is the \"Hiyas ng Dalampasigan\" Pageant (literally, Seaside Jewel Pageant), and her mother has taken steps to make sure that she wins. But her chances are dashed when the mysterious Samantha (Marian Rivera) suddenly joins the contest. The two become bitter enemies following the contest, but they are soon forced by destiny to team up. It turns out the two have a hidden connection to a mystical past, and must work together to discover the truth about their heritage. Duane Lucas Pascua of \"Spot.ph\" (a publication of Summit Media) both gave praise to the film and its director, saying: \"One of the key strengths of the film is how it pokes fun into the varied facets of modern Filipino culture while managing to stay away from being preachy.\" Nestor U. Torre of \"Philippine Daily Inquirer\" said the film is \"visually vivid, doesn't scrimp on production values, and elicit perky performances from its actors,\" while also pointed out that it \"fails to come off as a complete treat, due to deficiencies in its storytelling, and what eventually turns out to be its too varied mix of disparate elements, which fail to harmoniously fuse together by the film’s final fade.\" Kung Fu Divas Kung Fu Divas is a 2013 Philippine action comedy film directed"
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"Josep Moragues i Mas Josep Moragues i Mas (; Sant Hilari Sacalm, 1669 - Barcelona, 1715) was a Catalan general during the War of the Spanish Succession. He fought on the Archduke Charles side. After Barcelona was defeated on September 11, 1714, he tried to sail to Majorca in order to continue the resistance against Philippist invasion, but he was betrayed and imprisoned. He was tortured and finally executed on March 27, 1715. His corpse was butchered, the head placed inside a cage which was hanged in the streets for 12 years. This was intended as a warning for those who might rebel against the new King's power. His life has been immortalised in a new book by Alex Barnils, entitled 'General Moragues, el diable de les Guilleries' (In Catalan), which was launched on Wednesday 26 March 2014, the 299th anniversary of the eve of his execution. Catalanists regard him as a national hero, a martyr for Catalonia. As with Rafael Casanova, there are several homages and floral offerings around monuments dedicated to him during commemorations of September 11, which was instituted by Catalanists in the 19th century as the National Day of Catalonia in remembrance of the battle fought and lost by Moragues amongst others. Josep Moragues i Mas Josep Moragues i Mas (; Sant Hilari Sacalm, 1669 - Barcelona, 1715) was a Catalan general during the War of the Spanish Succession. He fought on the Archduke Charles side. After Barcelona was defeated on September 11, 1714, he tried to sail to Majorca in order to continue the resistance against Philippist invasion, but he was betrayed and imprisoned. He was tortured and finally executed on March 27, 1715. His corpse was butchered, the head placed inside a cage which was hanged in the streets for 12 years. This was"
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"WMYJ-FM WMYJ-FM (88.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to Oolitic, Indiana, United States, and serving the Bloomington, Indiana area. The station is currently owned by Spirit Educational Radio and broadcasts a Southern gospel format. The station went on the air as WXVW on 1998-12-03. On 2002-09-30, the station changed its call sign to WXVW, on 2005-07-14 to WMYJ, on 2005-11-29 to WMYJ-FM, on 2013-12-02 to WDCK, and on 2016-11-21 to the current WMYJ-FM. On November 21, 2016, WDCK changed their call letters to WMYJ-FM and changed their format to southern gospel, branded as \"My Joy 88.9\" (calls and format moved from 101.1 FM Bloomfield, IN, which took the WDCK calls and began stunting with Christmas music.) WMYJ-FM WMYJ-FM (88.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to Oolitic, Indiana, United States, and serving the Bloomington, Indiana area. The station is currently owned by Spirit Educational Radio and broadcasts a Southern gospel format. The station went on the air as WXVW on 1998-12-03. On 2002-09-30, the station changed its call sign to WXVW, on 2005-07-14 to WMYJ, on 2005-11-29 to WMYJ-FM, on 2013-12-02 to WDCK, and on 2016-11-21 to the current WMYJ-FM. On November 21, 2016, WDCK changed their call letters"
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"Writing in the Margins Writing in the Margins is the tenth studio album by folk singer-songwriter John Gorka. It was released on July 11, 2006 by Red House Records and debuted at number one on the \"Folk Music Radio Airplay Chart\".<ref name = \"FolkDJ-L 7/06\">Top Albums of July 2006 compiled by Richard Gillmann from FolkDJ-L radio playlists.</ref> One departure from previous recordings is the inclusion of a couple of cover songs that blend nicely with Gorka's own compositions. Gorka received some encouragement from Nanci Griffith to record Townes Van Zandt's \"Snow Don't Fall\", and pays tribute to a personal hero by covering Stan Rogers' \"Lockkeeper\". Gorka also shares writing credit with his wife, Laurie Allman, on several tracks. Many of Gorka's past collaborators also return to perform here. Nanci Griffith, Lucy Kaplansky, and Alice Peacock each lend their voices to various tracks. Meanwhile, distinctive fretless bass player Michael Manring and multi-instrumentalist John Jennings also contribute their skills. The album made a number of \"best of 2006\" lists and was nominated as a \"Contemporary Release of the Year\" by the North American Folk Music & Dance Alliance (an award that was given to the Wailin' Jennys for the album, \"Firecracker\"). The song \"The Road to Good Intentions\" was named by the Indie Acoustic Music Project to the list of \"Songs of Note: 25 of the Best Songs from 2006\". Writing in the Margins Writing in the Margins is the tenth studio album by folk singer-songwriter John Gorka. It was released on July 11, 2006 by Red House Records and debuted at number one on the \"Folk Music Radio Airplay Chart\".<ref name = \"FolkDJ-L 7/06\">Top Albums of July 2006 compiled by Richard Gillmann from FolkDJ-L radio playlists.</ref> One departure from previous recordings is the inclusion of a couple of cover songs that"
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"Planet Soho Planet Soho is an American online company that addresses the needs of small office / home office businesses (SOHOs). It has over one million members from around the globe. The company was formerly called SohoOS. It officially changed its name and expanded its offerings on December 12, 2012. Planet Soho aims to be a gathering place where SOHOs come together \"to connect, collaborate, and create a new global micro-economy.\" The website currently has three main features. SohoOS<br> SohoOS is an online business-management platform for SOHOs. It is the \"flagship product\" of Planet Soho Free features available on the SohoOS system include: Planet Soho Directory<br> Planet Soho gives members a free listing in the Planet Soho Directory. Users can customize their page, adding contact information, logos, and content. The Directory features over one million SOHOs from around the world. Visitors can browse by location and service to find nearby small businesses. Planet Soho Blog<br> Planet Soho publishes original content daily, written by small-business experts, freelance writers, and Planet Soho users. Categories include How-To, Trends, Opinions, Success Stories, and Users' Journal. Planet Soho and its signature product, SohoOS, have received favorable reviews from blogs and magazines including TechCrunch, GigaOM, and PC Magazine. SohoOS was founded in 2010. The company is headquartered in San Francisco, California and has an office in Tel Aviv, Israel. SohoOS received an initial investment of $550k from thetime and later on $1.75M in venture capital from Mangrove Capital Partners in January 2011. In January 2012, the company announced a second round of funding, totaling $8M, led by Morgenthaler Ventures. In September 2011, SohoOS was picked as one of the top 20 Hot International Startups by In December 2012, SohoOS reached one million users and rebranded at Planet Soho. The company also announced partnerships with FedEx Office, Go Daddy, Intuit, and Office Depot. Unfortunately, the company decided to make the platform paying-members-only and thus signing its own death warrant as the new monetization model did not last long and by February 2014 the company has lost their audience and all of their money and was sentenced to dissolution. From over a million users down to around 2,000, the company now hopes to be able to pay some of its debts, as it has suffered a massive lost and declared bankruptcy. Customers to Cash<br> In September 2012, SohoOS introduced a streamlined invoicing process that automatically tracks the status of estimates and invoices and notifies users when a client approves an estimate, views an estimate or invoice, sends a message, or makes a payment. Command Center<br> In October 2012, SohoOS added a browser toolbar, Command Center, that notifies users when they have leads, messages or status changes within their SohoOS account and contains shortcuts to popular features. Soho Premium Planet Soho currently offers three bundles of enhanced business-management features: Soho More, Soho Even More, and Soho Unlimited. The monthly charge ranges from $4.95 to $6.95 per month. Features include: Planet Soho Planet Soho is an American online company that"
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"Approximately a third did not feel they had freely consented to ECT even when they had signed a consent form. The proportion who feel they did not freely choose the treatment has actually increased over time. The same themes arise whether the patient had received treatment a year ago or 30 years ago. Neither current nor proposed safeguards for patients are sufficient to ensure informed consent with respect to ECT, at least in England and Wales. \n While there are no absolute contraindications for ECT, there is increased risk for patients who have unstable or severe cardiovascular conditions or aneurysms; who have recently had a stroke; who have increased intracranial pressure (for instance, due to a solid brain tumor), or who have severe pulmonary conditions, or who are generally at high risk for receiving anesthesia. \n In a study published in 2017 which involved 30 National Health Service (NHS) patients from Worcestershire, 80% said they would readily have the treatment again although 37% said it was frightening. \n Ernest Hemingway, an American author, died by suicide shortly after ECT at the Mayo Clinic in 1961. He is reported to have said to his biographer, \"Well, what is the sense of ruining my head and erasing my memory, which is my capital, and putting me out of business? It was a brilliant cure but we lost the patient ...\" American surgeon and award-winning author Sherwin B. Nuland is another notable person who has undergone ECT. In his 40s, this successful surgeon's depression became so severe that he had to be institutionalized. After exhausting all treatment options, a young resident assigned to his case suggested ECT, which ended up being successful. Author David Foster Wallace also received ECT for many years, beginning as a teenager, before his suicide at age 46. \n The steady growth of antidepressant use along with negative depictions of ECT in the mass media led to a marked decline in the use of ECT during the 1950s to the 1970s. The Surgeon General stated there were problems with electroshock therapy in the initial years before anesthesia was routinely given, and that \"these now-antiquated practices contributed to the negative portrayal of ECT in the popular media.\" The New York Times described the public's negative perception of ECT as being caused mainly by one movie:\"For Big Nurse in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, it was a tool of terror, and, in the public mind, shock therapy has retained the tarnished image given it by Ken Kesey's novel:dangerous, inhumane and overused\". \n To demonstrate what he believes should be required to fully satisfy the legal obligation for informed consent, one psychiatrist, working for an anti-psychiatry organisation, has formulated his own consent form using the consent form developed and enacted by the Texas Legislature as a model. \n ECT is used to treat people who have severe or prolonged mania; NICE recommends it only in life-threatening situations or when other treatments have failed and as a second-line treatment for bipolar mania. \n ECT requires the informed consent of the patient. \n A questionnaire survey of 379 members of the general public in Australia indicated that more than 60% of respondents had some knowledge about the main aspects of ECT. Participants were generally opposed to the use of ECT on depressed individuals with psychosocial issues, on children, and on involuntary patients. Public perceptions of ECT were found to be mainly negative. \n Considerable controversy exists over the effects of ECT on brain tissue, although a number of mental health associations–including the American Psychiatric Association–have concluded that there is no evidence that ECT causes structural brain damage. A 1999 report by the U.S. Surgeon General states:\"The fears that ECT causes gross structural brain pathology have not been supported by decades of methodologically sound research in both humans and animals.\" \n ECT treatment of severely autistic children with violent, sometimes self-harming behaviour first began in parts of the US during the early years of 21st century. Each session reportedly alleviates symptoms for up to 10 days at a time, but it is not claimed as a cure. One practitioner, Charles Kellner, ECT director at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, is so convinced ECT is effective and safe that he allowed a parent to witness a procedure and the BBC to record the intervention. \n However, the methods used to measure memory loss are generally poor, and their application to people with depression, who have cognitive deficits including problems with memory, have been problematic. \n The electrodes deliver an electrical stimulus. The stimulus levels recommended for ECT are in excess of an individual's seizure threshold:about one and a half times seizure threshold for bilateral ECT and up to 12 times for unilateral ECT. Below these levels treatment may not be effective in spite of a seizure, while doses massively above threshold level, especially with bilateral ECT, expose patients to the risk of more severe cognitive impairment without additional therapeutic gains. Seizure threshold is determined by trial and error (\"dose titration\"). Some psychiatrists use dose titration, some still use \"fixed dose\" (that is, all patients are given the same dose) and others compromise by roughly estimating a patient's threshold according to age and sex. Older men tend to have higher thresholds than younger women, but it is not a hard and fast rule, and other factors, for example drugs, affect seizure threshold. \n The Mental Health Act 2007 allows people to be treated against their will. This law has extra protections regarding ECT. A patient capable of making the decision can decline the treatment, and in that case treatment can not be given unless it will save that patient's life or is immediately necessary to prevent deterioration of the patient's condition. A patient may not be capable of making the decision (they \"lack capacity\"), and in that situation ECT can be given if it is appropriate and also if there are no advance directives that prevent the use of ECT. \n As of 2001, it was estimated that about one million people received ECT annually. \n The guidance received a mixed reception. It was welcomed by an editorial in the British Medical Journal but the Royal College of Psychiatrists launched an unsuccessful appeal. The NICE guidance, as the British Medical Journal editorial points out, is only a policy statement and psychiatrists may deviate from it if they see fit. Adherence to standards has not been universal in the past. A survey of ECT use in 1980 found that more than half of ECT clinics failed to meet minimum standards set by the Royal College of Psychiatrists, with a later survey in 1998 finding that minimum standards were largely adhered to, but that two-thirds of clinics still fell short of current guidelines, particularly in the training and supervision of junior doctors involved in the procedure. A voluntary accreditation scheme, ECTAS, was set up in 2004 by the Royal College, but as of 2006 only a minority of ECT clinics in England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland have signed up. \n In the US, ECT devices are manufactured by two companies, Somatics, which is owned by psychiatrists Richard Abrams and Conrad Swartz, and Mecta. In the UK, the market for ECT devices was long monopolized by Ectron Ltd, which was set up by psychiatrist Robert Russell.",
"In the US, ECT devices are manufactured by two companies, Somatics, which is owned by psychiatrists Richard Abrams and Conrad Swartz, and Mecta. In the UK, the market for ECT devices was long monopolized by Ectron Ltd, which was set up by psychiatrist Robert Russell. \n In the US, ECT devices came into existence prior to medical devices being regulated by the Food and Drug Administration; when the law came into effect the FDA was obligated to retrospectively review already existing devices and classify them, and determine whether clinical trials were needed to prove efficacy and safety. While the FDA has classified the devices used to administer ECT as Class III medical devices, as of 2011 the FDA had not yet determined whether the devices should be withdrawn from the market until clinical trials prove their safety and efficacy. The FDA considers ECT machinery to be experimental devices. In most states in the US, a judicial order following a formal hearing is needed before a patient can be forced to undergo involuntary ECT. However, ECT can also be involuntarily administered in situations with less immediate danger. Suicidal intent is a common justification for its involuntary use, especially when other treatments are ineffective. \n In the 2000 film Requiem for a Dream, Sarah Goldfarb receives \"unmodified\" electroconvulsive therapy after experiencing severe amphetamine psychosis following prolonged stimulant abuse. In the 2014 TV series Constantine, the protagonist John Constantine is institutionalized and specifically requests electroconvulsive therapy as an attempt to alleviate or resolve his mental problems. \n Throughout the history of ECT, women have received it two to three times as often as men. Currently, about 70 percent of ECT patients are women. This may be due to the fact that women are more likely to be diagnosed with depression. A 1974 study of ECT in Massachusetts reported that women made up 69 percent of those given ECT. The Ministry of Health in Canada reported that from 1999 until 2000 in the province of Ontario, women were 71 percent of those given ECT in provincial psychiatric institutions, and 75 percent of the total ECT given was given to women. \n ECT became popular in the US in the 1940s. At the time, psychiatric hospitals were overrun with patients whom doctors were desperate to treat and cure. Whereas lobotomies would reduce a patient to a more manageable submissive state, ECT helped to improve mood in those with severe depression. A survey of psychiatric practice in the late 1980s found that an estimated 100,000 people received ECT annually, with wide variation between metropolitan statistical areas. Accurate statistics about the frequency, context and circumstances of ECT in the US are difficult to obtain because only a few states have reporting laws that require the treating facility to supply state authorities with this information. In 13 of the 50 states, the practice of ECT is regulated by law. One state which does report such data is Texas, where, in the mid-1990s, ECT was used in about one third of psychiatric facilities and given to about 1,650 people annually. Usage of ECT has since declined slightly; in 2000–01 ECT was given to about 1500 people aged from 16 to 97 (in Texas it is illegal to give ECT to anyone under sixteen). ECT is more commonly used in private psychiatric hospitals than in public hospitals, and minority patients are underrepresented in the ECT statistics. In the United States, ECT is usually given three times a week; in the United Kingdom, it is usually given twice a week. Occasionally it is given on a daily basis. A course usually consists of 6–12 treatments, but may be more or fewer. Following a course of ECT some patients may be given continuation or maintenance ECT with further treatments at weekly, fortnightly or monthly intervals. A few psychiatrists in the US use multiple-monitored ECT (MMECT), where patients receive more than one treatment per anesthetic. Electroconvulsive therapy is not a required subject in US medical schools and not a required skill in psychiatric residency training. Privileging for ECT practice at institutions is a local option:no national certification standards are established, and no ECT-specific continuing training experiences are required of ECT practitioners. \n In unilateral ECT, both electrodes are placed on the same side of the patient's head. Unilateral ECT may be used first to minimize side effects such as memory loss. \n Robert Pirsig suffered a nervous breakdown and spent time in and out of psychiatric hospitals between 1961 and 1963. He was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia and clinical depression as a result of an evaluation conducted by psychoanalysts, and was treated with electroconvulsive therapy on numerous occasions, a treatment he discusses in his novel, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance. \n About 70 percent of ECT patients are women. This may be due to the fact that women are more likely to be diagnosed with depression. Older and more affluent patients are also more likely to receive ECT. The use of ECT is not as common in ethnic minorities. \n Most modern ECT devices deliver a brief-pulse current, which is thought to cause fewer cognitive effects than the sine-wave currents which were originally used in ECT. A small minority of psychiatrists in the US still use sine-wave stimuli. Sine-wave is no longer used in the UK or Ireland. Typically, the electrical stimulus used in ECT is about 800 milliamps and has up to several hundred watts, and the current flows for between one and 6 seconds. \n In the HBO series Six Feet Under (TV series) season 5, George undergoes an ECT treatment to deal with his increasing paranoia. The depiction is shown realistically, with an actual ECT machine. \n The acute effects of ECT can include amnesia, both retrograde (for events occurring before the treatment) and anterograde (for events occurring after the treatment). Memory loss and confusion are more pronounced with bilateral electrode placement rather than unilateral, and with outdated sine-wave rather than brief-pulse currents. The use of either constant or pulsing electrical impulses also varied the memory loss results in patients. Patients who received pulsing electrical impulses as opposed to a steady flow seemed to incur less memory loss. The vast majority of modern treatment uses brief pulse currents. \n In the early 1940s, in an attempt to reduce the memory disturbance and confusion associated with treatment, two modifications were introduced:the use of unilateral electrode placement and the replacement of sinusoidal current with brief pulse. It took many years for brief-pulse equipment to be widely adopted. In the 1940s and early 1950s ECT, was usually given in \"unmodified\" form, without muscle relaxants, and the seizure resulted in a full-scale convulsion. A rare but serious complication of unmodified ECT was fracture or dislocation of the long bones. In the 1940s, psychiatrists began to experiment with curare, the muscle-paralysing South American poison, in order to modify the convulsions. The introduction of suxamethonium (succinylcholine), a safer synthetic alternative to curare, in 1951 led to the more widespread use of \"modified\" ECT. A short-acting anesthetic was usually given in addition to the muscle relaxant in order to spare patients the terrifying feeling of suffocation that can be experienced with muscle relaxants.",
"A meta-analysis on the effectiveness of ECT in unipolar and bipolar depression was conducted in 2012. Results indicated that although patients with unipolar depression and bipolar depression responded to other medical treatments very differently, both groups responded equally well to ECT. Overall remission rate for patients given a round of ECT treatment was 51.5% for those with unipolar depression and 50.9% for those with bipolar depression. The severity of each patient's depression was assessed at the same baseline in each group. \n Retrograde amnesia occurs to some extent in almost all ECT recipients. The American Psychiatric Association report (2001) acknowledges:\"In some patients the recovery from retrograde amnesia will be incomplete, and evidence has shown that ECT can result in persistent or permanent memory loss\". It is the purported effects of ECT on long-term memory that give rise to much of the concern surrounding its use. \n A usual course of ECT involves multiple administrations, typically given two or three times per week until the patient is no longer suffering symptoms. ECT is administered under anesthetic with a muscle relaxant. Electroconvulsive therapy can differ in its application in three ways:electrode placement, frequency of treatments, and the electrical waveform of the stimulus. These three forms of application have significant differences in both adverse side effects and symptom remission. Placement can be bilateral, in which the electric current is passed across the whole brain, or unilateral, in which the current is passed across one hemisphere of the brain. Bilateral placement seems to have greater efficacy than unilateral, but also carries greater risk of memory loss. After treatment, drug therapy is usually continued, and some patients receive maintenance ECT. \n Though ECT has become a widely discouraged treatment, many people have recently pushed for the return of this controversial procedure. The 1975 film One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest has convinced viewers that ECT is a horrific procedure which only results in the patient's complete memory loss. Scientists have since debunked the notion that patients suffer acute memory loss after treatment, but the horrors of ECT present in the movie still remain a setback. In the last decade, patients have returned to using ECT to treat various mental illnesses including depression and bipolar disorder. Overcoming the looming controversy has proven difficult for doctors and scientists, and various campaigns to challenge negative stereotypes have gained popularity in the past few years. In 2014, the American Psychiatric Association launched a petition to reclassify ECT as a low-risk treatment. Though many people still believe ECT to be an inhumane procedure, many pro-ECT patients have publicly come forward with their positive response to the treatment. One patient by the name of Shelley Miller claims that \"medications have a success rate of 50-60% of patients getting better, while ECT succeeds at a rate of 70-90% .\" With the combined support of patients and doctors, ECT is slowly challenging stereotypes and making its way back into the medical community. However, the negative stigma of ECT still maintains the upper hand in society today. \n In 2004, a meta-analytic review paper found in terms of efficacy, \"a significant superiority of ECT in all comparisons:ECT versus simulated ECT, ECT versus placebo, ECT versus antidepressants in general, ECT versus TCAs and ECT versus MAOIs.\" \n In 1976, Dr. Blatchley demonstrated the effectiveness of his constant current, brief pulse device ECT. This device eventually largely replaced earlier devices because of the reduction in cognitive side effects, although as of 2012 some ECT clinics still were using sine-wave devices. The 1970s saw the publication of the first American Psychiatric Association (APA) task force report on electroconvulsive therapy (to be followed by further reports in 1990 and 2001). The report endorsed the use of ECT in the treatment of depression. The decade also saw criticism of ECT. Specifically, critics pointed to shortcomings such as noted side effects, the procedure being used as a form of abuse, and uneven application of ECT. The use of ECT declined until the 1980s, \"when use began to increase amid growing awareness of its benefits and cost-effectiveness for treating severe depression\". In 1985, the National Institute of Mental Health and National Institutes of Health convened a consensus development conference on ECT and concluded that, while ECT was the most controversial treatment in psychiatry and had significant side-effects, it had been shown to be effective for a narrow range of severe psychiatric disorders. \n ECT is usually administered three times a week, on alternate days, over a course of two to four weeks. \n Aside from effects in the brain, the general physical risks of ECT are similar to those of brief general anesthesia; the U.S. Surgeon General's report says that there are \"no absolute health contraindications\" to its use. Immediately following treatment, the most common adverse effects are confusion and memory loss. It must be used very cautiously in people with epilepsy or other neurological disorders because by its nature it provokes small tonic-clonic seizures, and so would likely not be given to a person whose epilepsy is not well controlled. Some patients experience muscle soreness after ECT. This is due to the muscle relaxants given during the procedure and rarely due to muscle activity. ECT, especially if combined with deep sleep therapy, may lead to brain damage if administered in such a way as to lead to hypoxia or anoxia in the patient. The death rate due to ECT is around 4 per 100,000 procedures. There is evidence and rationale to support giving low doses of benzodiazepines or else low doses of general anesthetics which induce sedation but not anesthesia to patients to reduce adverse effects of ECT. \n ECT is used with informed consent in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, treatment-resistant catatonia, or prolonged or severe mania, and in conditions where \"there is a need for rapid, definitive response because of the severity of a psychiatric or medical condition (e.g., when illness is characterized by stupor, marked psycho-motor retardation, depressive delusions or hallucinations, or life-threatening physical exhaustion associated with mania).\" \n Many expert proponents of ECT maintain that the procedure is safe and does not cause brain damage. Dr. Charles Kellner, a prominent ECT researcher and former chief editor of the Journal of ECT, stated in a 2007 interview that, \"There are a number of well-designed studies that show ECT does not cause brain damage and numerous reports of patients who have received a large number of treatments over their lifetime and have suffered no significant problems due to ECT.\" Dr. Kellner cites a study purporting to show an absence of cognitive impairment in eight subjects after more than 100 lifetime ECT treatments. Dr. Kellner stated \"Rather than cause brain damage, there is evidence that ECT may reverse some of the damaging effects of serious psychiatric illness.\" \n ECT was introduced in China in the early 1950s and while it was originally practiced without anesthesia, as of 2012 almost all procedures were conducted with it. As of 2012, there are approximately 400 ECT machines in China, and 150,000 ECT treatments are performed each year. Chinese national practice guidelines recommend ECT for the treatment of schizophrenia, depressive disorders, and bipolar disorder and in the Chinese literature, ECT is an effective treatment for schizophrenia and mood disorders. Although the Chinese government stopped classifying homosexuality as an illness in 2001, electroconvulsive therapy is still used by some establishments as a form of \"conversion therapy\".",
"ECT was introduced in China in the early 1950s and while it was originally practiced without anesthesia, as of 2012 almost all procedures were conducted with it. As of 2012, there are approximately 400 ECT machines in China, and 150,000 ECT treatments are performed each year. Chinese national practice guidelines recommend ECT for the treatment of schizophrenia, depressive disorders, and bipolar disorder and in the Chinese literature, ECT is an effective treatment for schizophrenia and mood disorders. Although the Chinese government stopped classifying homosexuality as an illness in 2001, electroconvulsive therapy is still used by some establishments as a form of \"conversion therapy\". \n As early as the 16th century, agents to induce seizures were used to treat psychiatric conditions. In 1785, the therapeutic use of seizure induction was documented in the London Medical Journal. As to its earliest antecedents one doctor claims 1744 as the dawn of electricity's therapeutic use, as documented in the first issue of Electricity and Medicine. Treatment and cure of hysterical blindness was documented eleven years later. Benjamin Franklin wrote that an electrostatic machine cured \"a woman of hysterical fits.\" In 1801, Giovanni Aldini used galvanism to treat patients suffering from various mental disorders.G.B.C. Duchenne, the mid-19th century \"Father of Electrotherapy\", said its use was integral to a neurological practice. \n In the UK in 1980, an estimated 50,000 people received ECT annually, with use declining steadily since then to about 12,000 per annum in 2002. It is still used in nearly all psychiatric hospitals, with a survey of ECT use from 2002 finding that 71 percent of patients were women and 46 percent were over 65 years of age. Eighty-one percent had a diagnosis of mood disorder; schizophrenia was the next most common diagnosis. Sixteen percent were treated without their consent. In 2003, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, a government body which was set up to standardize treatment throughout the National Health Service in England and Wales, issued guidance on the use of ECT. Its use was recommended \"only to achieve rapid and short-term improvement of severe symptoms after an adequate trial of treatment options has proven ineffective and/or when the condition is considered to be potentially life-threatening in individuals with severe depressive illness, catatonia or a prolonged manic episode\". \n Electroconvulsive therapy has been depicted in fiction, including fictional works partly based on true experiences. These include Sylvia Plath's autobiographical novel, The Bell Jar, and Ken Kesey's novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest; Kesey's novel is a direct product of his time working the graveyard shift as an orderly at a mental health facility in Menlo Park, California. \n In one of the few jurisdictions where recent statistics on ECT usage are available, a national audit of ECT by the Scottish ECT Accreditation Network indicated that 77% of patients who received the treatment in 2008 were capable of giving informed consent. \n | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (April 2017) \n---|---\n Because of the backlash noted previously, national institutions reviewed past practices and set new standards. In 1978, the American Psychiatric Association released its first task force report in which new standards for consent were introduced and the use of unilateral electrode placement was recommended. The 1985 NIMH Consensus Conference confirmed the therapeutic role of ECT in certain circumstances. The American Psychiatric Association released its second task force report in 1990 where specific details on the delivery, education, and training of ECT were documented. Finally, in 2001 the American Psychiatric Association released its latest task force report. This report emphasizes the importance of informed consent, and the expanded role that the procedure has in modern medicine. By 2017, ECT was routinely covered by insurance companies for providing the \"biggest bang for the buck\" for otherwise intractable cases of severe mental illness, was receiving favorable media coverage, and was being provided in regional medical centers. \n Convulsive therapy was introduced in 1934 by Hungarian neuropsychiatrist Ladislas J. Meduna who, believing mistakenly that schizophrenia and epilepsy were antagonistic disorders, induced seizures first with camphor and then metrazol (cardiazol). Meduna is thought to be the father of convulsive therapy. In 1937, the first international meeting on convulsive therapy was held in Switzerland by the Swiss psychiatrist Muller. The proceedings were published in the American Journal of Psychiatry and, within three years, cardiazol convulsive therapy was being used worldwide. Italian Professor of neuropsychiatry Ugo Cerletti, who had been using electric shocks to produce seizures in animal experiments, and his colleague Lucio Bini developed the idea of using electricity as a substitute for metrazol in convulsive therapy and, in 1938, experimented for the first time on a person. It was believed early on that inducing convulsions aided in helping those with severe schizophrenia but later found to be most useful with affective disorders such as depression. Cerletti had noted a shock to the head produced convulsions in dogs. The idea to use electroshock on humans came to Cerletti when he saw how pigs were given an electric shock before being butchered to put them in an anesthetized state. Cerletti and Bini practiced until they felt they had the right parameters needed to have a successful human trial. Once they started trials on patients, they found that after 10-20 treatments the results were significant. Patients had much improved. A positive side effect to the treatment was retrograde amnesia. It was because of this side effect that patients could not remember the treatments and had no ill feelings toward it. ECT soon replaced metrazol therapy all over the world because it was cheaper, less frightening and more convenient. Cerletti and Bini were nominated for a Nobel Prize but did not receive one. By 1940, the procedure was introduced to both England and the US. In Germany and Austria, it was promoted by Friedrich Meggendorfer. Through the 1940s and 1950s, the use of ECT became widespread. \n In the UK, in order for consent to be valid it requires an explanation in \"broad terms\" of the nature of the procedure and its likely effects. One review from 2005 found that only about half of patients felt they were given sufficient information about ECT and its adverse effects and another survey found that about fifty percent of psychiatrists and nurses agreed with them. \n In 2003, The UK ECT Review group published a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing ECT to placebo and antidepressant drugs. This meta-analysis demonstrated a large effect size (high efficacy relative to the mean in terms of the standard deviation) for ECT versus placebo, and versus antidepressant drugs. \n The patient's EEG, ECG, and blood oxygen levels are monitored during treatment. \n In bilateral ECT, the two electrodes are placed on both sides of the head. Invariably, the bitemporal placement is used, whereby the electrodes are placed on the temples. Uncommonly, the bifrontal placement in used; this involves positioning the electrodes on the patient's forehead, roughly above each eye. \n In adolescents, ECT is highly efficient for several psychiatric disorders, with few and relatively benign adverse effects. \n | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2017) \n---|---",
"The patient's EEG, ECG, and blood oxygen levels are monitored during treatment. \n In bilateral ECT, the two electrodes are placed on both sides of the head. Invariably, the bitemporal placement is used, whereby the electrodes are placed on the temples. Uncommonly, the bifrontal placement in used; this involves positioning the electrodes on the patient's forehead, roughly above each eye. \n In adolescents, ECT is highly efficient for several psychiatric disorders, with few and relatively benign adverse effects. \n | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2017) \n---|---\n Immediately prior to treatment, a patient is given a short-acting anesthetic such as methohexital, etomidate, or thiopental, a muscle relaxant such as suxamethonium (succinylcholine), and occasionally atropine to inhibit salivation. In a minority of countries such as Japan, India, and Nigeria, ECT may be used without anesthesia. The Union Health Ministry of India recommended a ban on ECT without anesthesia in India's Mental Health Care Bill of 2010 and the Mental Health Care Bill of 2013. Some psychiatrists in India argued against the ban on unmodified ECT due to a lack of trained anesthesiologists available to administer ECT with anesthesia. The practice was abolished in Turkey's largest psychiatric hospital in 2008. \n Whether psychiatric medications are terminated prior to treatment or maintained, varies. However, drugs that are known to cause toxicity in combination with ECT, such as lithium, are discontinued, and benzodiazepines, which increase seizure thresholds, are either discontinued, a benzodiazepine antagonist is administered at each ECT session, or the ECT treatment is adjusted accordingly. \n Compared with transcranial magnetic stimulation for people with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, ECT relieves depression about twice as well, reducing the score on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression by about 15 points, while TMS reduced it by 9 points. \n There is little agreement on the most appropriate follow-up to ECT for people with major depressive disorder. When ECT is followed by treatment with antidepressants, about 50% of people relapsed by 12 months following successful initial treatment with ECT, with about 37% relapsing within the first 6 months. About twice as many relapsed with no antidepressants. Most of the evidence for continuation therapy is with tricyclics; evidence for relapse prevention with newer antidepressants is lacking. \n Unilateral ECT is thought to cause fewer cognitive effects than bilateral treatment, but is less effective unless administered at higher doses. Most patients in the US and almost all in the UK receive bilateral ECT. \n According to the US Surgeon General, involuntary treatment is uncommon in the US and is typically used only in cases of great extremity, and only when all other treatment options have been exhausted. The use of ECT is believed to be a potentially life-saving treatment. \n Surveys of public opinion, the testimony of former patients, legal restrictions on the use of ECT and disputes as to the efficacy, ethics and adverse effects of ECT within the psychiatric and wider medical community indicate that the use of ECT remains controversial. This is reflected in the January 2011 vote by the FDA's Neurological Devices Advisory Panel to recommend that FDA maintain ECT devices in the Class III device category for high risk devices except for patients suffering from catatonia. This may result in the manufacturers of such devices having to do controlled trials on their safety and efficacy for the first time. In justifying their position, panelists referred to the memory loss associated with ECT and the lack of long-term data. \n In the second half of the 19th century, such efforts were frequent enough in British asylums as to make it notable. \n Retrograde amnesia is most marked for events occurring in the weeks or months before treatment, with one study showing that although some people lose memories from years prior to treatment, recovery of such memories was \"virtually complete\" by seven months post-treatment, with the only enduring loss being memories in the weeks and months prior to the treatment. Anterograde memory loss is usually limited to the time of treatment itself or shortly afterwards. In the weeks and months following ECT these memory problems gradually improve, but some people have persistent losses, especially with bilateral ECT. One published review summarizing the results of questionnaires about subjective memory loss found that between 29% and 55% of respondents believed they experienced long-lasting or permanent memory changes. In 2000, American psychiatrist Sarah Lisanby and colleagues found that bilateral ECT left patients with more persistently impaired memory of public events as compared to RUL ECT. \n There is wide variation in ECT use between different countries, different hospitals, and different psychiatrists. International practice varies considerably from widespread use of the therapy in many Western countries to a small minority of countries that do not use ECT at all, such as Slovenia. \n Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), formerly known as electroshock therapy, and often referred to as shock treatment, is a psychiatric treatment in which seizures are electrically induced in patients to provide relief from mental disorders. The ECT procedure was first conducted in 1938 and is the only currently used form of shock therapy in psychiatry. ECT is often used with informed consent as a last line of intervention for major depressive disorder, mania, and catatonia. ECT machines have been placed in the Class II category (special controls) by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since 1976. \n Award-winning New Zealand author Janet Frame had ECT. She later wrote about this in her novel Faces in the Water. \n Procedures for involuntary ECT vary from country to country depending on local mental health laws. \n The placement of electrodes, as well as the dose and duration of the stimulation is determined on a per-patient basis. \n For major depressive disorder, ECT is generally used only when other treatments have failed, or in emergencies, such as imminent suicide. ECT has also been used in selected cases of depression occurring in the setting of multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's chorea, developmental delay, brain arteriovenous malformations and hydrocephalus. \n If steps are taken to decrease potential risks, ECT is generally accepted to be relatively safe during all trimesters of pregnancy, particularly when compared to pharmacological treatments. Suggested preparation for ECT during pregnancy includes a pelvic examination, discontinuation of nonessential anticholinergic medication, uterine tocodynamometry, intravenous hydration, and administration of a nonparticulate antacid. During ECT, elevation of the pregnant woman's right hip, external fetal cardiac monitoring, intubation, and avoidance of excessive hyperventilation are recommended. In many instances of active mood disorder during pregnancy, the risks of untreated symptoms may outweigh the risks of ECT. Potential complications of ECT during pregnancy can be minimized by modifications in technique. The use of ECT during pregnancy requires thorough evaluation of the patient's capacity for informed consent. \n A 2005 study published in the British Journal of Psychiatry described patients' perspectives on the adequacy of informed consent before ECT. The study found that \"About half (45–55%) of patients reported they were given an adequate explanation of ECT, implying a similar percentage felt they were not.\" The authors also stated:",
"A 2005 study published in the British Journal of Psychiatry described patients' perspectives on the adequacy of informed consent before ECT. The study found that \"About half (45–55%) of patients reported they were given an adequate explanation of ECT, implying a similar percentage felt they were not.\" The authors also stated:\n A round of ECT is effective for about 50% of people with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder, whether it is unipolar or bipolar. Follow-up treatment is still poorly studied, but about half of people who respond relapse within 12 months. Aside from effects in the brain, the general physical risks of ECT are similar to those of brief general anesthesia. Immediately following treatment, the most common adverse effects are confusion and memory loss. Among treatments for severely depressed pregnant women ECT is one of the least harmful to the gestating fetus. \n The World Health Organization (2005) advises that ECT should be used only with the informed consent of the patient (or their guardian if their incapacity to consent has been established). \n Despite decades of research, the exact mechanism of action of ECT remains elusive. Neuroimaging studies in people who have had ECT, investigating differences between responders and nonresponders, and people who relapse, find that responders have anticonvulsant effects mostly in the frontal lobes, which corresponds to immediate responses, and neurotrophic effects primarily in the medial temporal lobe. The anticonvulsant effects are decreased blood flow and decreased metabolism, while the neurotrophic effects are opposite-increased perfusion and metabolism, as well as increased volume of the hippocampus. \n The musical Next to Normal centers around the family of a woman who undergoes the procedure. \n Cognitive impairment is sometimes noticed after ECT. \n ECT is rarely used in treatment-resistant schizophrenia, but is sometimes recommended for schizophrenia when short term global improvement is desired, or the subject shows little response to antipsychotics alone. It is useful in the case of severe exacerbations of catatonic schizophrenia, whether excited or stuporous. \n Electroconvulsive therapy \n--- \nECT device produced by Siemens and used at the Eg Asyl psychiatric hospital in Kristiansand, Norway from the 1960s to the 1980s. \nSynonyms | Electroshock therapy, shock treatment \nICD-10-PCS | GZB \nICD-9-CM | 94.27 \nMeSH | D004565 \nOPS-301 code | 8-630 \nMedlinePlus | 007474 \n(edit on Wikidata) \n ECT is generally a second-line treatment for people with catatonia who do not respond to other treatments, but is a first-line treatment for severe or life-threatening catatonia. There is a lack of clinical evidence for its efficacy but \"the excellent efficacy of ECT in catatonia is generally acknowledged\". For people with autism spectrum disorders who have catatonia, there is little published evidence about the efficacy of ECT; as of 2014 there were twelve case reports, and while ECT had \"life saving\" efficacy in some, results were mixed and temporary, and maintenance ECT was necessary to sustain any benefit. \n Until 2007 in England and Wales, the Mental Health Act 1983 allowed the use of ECT on detained patients whether or not they had capacity to consent to it. However, following amendments which took effect in 2007, ECT may not generally be given to a patient who has capacity and refuses it, irrespective of his or her detention under the Act. In fact, even if a patient is deemed to lack capacity, if they made a valid advance decision refusing ECT then they should not be given it; and even if they do not have an advance decision, the psychiatrist must obtain an independent second opinion (which is also the case if the patient is under age of consent). However, there is an exception regardless of consent and capacity; under Section 62 of the Act, if the treating psychiatrist says the need for treatment is urgent they may start a course of ECT without authorization. From 2003 to 2005, about 2,000 people a year in England and Wales were treated without their consent under the Mental Health Act. Concerns have been raised by the official regulator that psychiatrists are too readily assuming that patients have the capacity to consent to their treatments, and that there is a worrying lack of independent advocacy. In Scotland, the Mental Health (Care and Treatment) (Scotland) Act 2003 also gives patients with capacity the right to refuse ECT. \n Sarah Hall reports, \"ECT has been dogged by conflict between psychiatrists who swear by it, and some patients and families of patients who say that their lives have been ruined by it. It is controversial in some European countries such as the Netherlands and Italy, where its use is severely restricted\". \n ECT appears to work in the short term via an anticonvulsant effect mostly in the frontal lobes, and longer term via neurotrophic effects primarily in the medial temporal lobe. \n In the US, this doctrine places a legal obligation on a doctor to make a patient aware of the reason for treatment, the risks and benefits of a proposed treatment, the risks and benefits of alternative treatment, and the risks and benefits of receiving no treatment. The patient is then given the opportunity to accept or reject the treatment. The form states how many treatments are recommended and also makes the patient aware that consent may be revoked and treatment discontinued at any time during a course of ECT. The US Surgeon General's Report on Mental Health states that patients should be warned that the benefits of ECT are short-lived without active continuation treatment in the form of drugs or further ECT, and that there may be some risk of permanent, severe memory loss after ECT. The report advises psychiatrists to involve patients in discussion, possibly with the aid of leaflets or videos, both before and during a course of ECT."
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"Wright Butler Wright Butler was a prominent architect in Cumberland, Maryland, United States. Born as the son of a furniture manufacturer, Butler studied architecture at the Maryland Institute of Baltimore for three years beginning in 1888. At the Institute, Butler familiarized himself with fashionable architectural styles of the time like Richardsonian Romanesque and Queen Anne Architecture. Upon his return to Cumberland in 1891, the young architect opened an office, working mainly on residential designs. In 1893, Butler received his first large commission, the Allegany County Courthouse. Other impressive Butler designs include: His designs still dominate the Cumberland skyline today. Constructed around 1896, the Wright Butler House is a unique example of Queen Anne architecture. Developed in England, the Queen Anne style first appeared in Rhode Island in 1874. American architectural magazines and pattern books quickly popularized the style. In England, architects used a combination of masonry and timber work, but most American Queen Anne homes are all-wood construction. Wright Butler's Queen Anne design therefore stands as an unusual masonry example of the style. Using the classic \"asymmetrical\" feel of most Queen Anne designs, the street view is dominated by a three bay window arrangement that juts out from the rest of the building. The three bay window, repeated on the second and third stories, creates the appearance of a \"tower,\" an oft repeated stylistic element in many Queen Anne buildings. The front porch is decorated with elaborate wooden spindle work. The Wright Butler House is currently a private residence and not open to the public. Wright Butler Wright Butler was a prominent architect in Cumberland, Maryland, United States. Born as the son of a furniture manufacturer, Butler studied architecture at the Maryland Institute of Baltimore for three years beginning in 1888. At the Institute, Butler familiarized himself with fashionable architectural"
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"Li Zhongchen Li Zhongchen (李忠臣) (716 – July 8, 784), né Dong Qin (董秦), was a general of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty who was known, for most of his career, as both a supporter of the imperial cause but also a corrupt and violent military governor (\"Jiedushi\"). He was later expelled by his own army and, because of his service to imperial causes, kept by Emperor Daizong and Emperor Dezong as an official at the Tang capital Chang'an. In 783, he joined Zhu Ci's rebel Qin state, and after Zhu's defeat in 784 was captured and executed. Dong Qin was born in 716, during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong. His family was from You Prefecture (幽州, roughly modern Beijing). He claimed that his great-grandfather Dong Wenyu (董文昱) was a prefectural prefect; his grandfather Dong Xuanjiang (董玄獎) was an officer under the Protectorate General to Pacify the East; and his father Dong Shenjiao (董神嶠) served as a military recruiting officer. Dong Qin became a soldier when he was young and was said to be unusually capable and strong. He successively served three military governors (\"Jiedushi\") stationed at You Prefecture — Xue Chuyu (薛楚玉), Zhang Shougui (張守珪), and An Lushan, and because of his accomplishments received repeated promotions, eventually receiving a title as general and forward commander at one of the circuits that An governed, Pinglu Circuit (平盧, headquartered in modern Chaoyang, Liaoning). In 755, An Lushan rebelled against Emperor Xuanzong's rule, and soon captured the Tang eastern capital Luoyang and declared himself emperor of a new state of Yan. The military governor of Pinglu, Lü Zhihui (呂知誨), was a follower of An's, and he trapped and killed the deputy Protectorate General to Pacify the East, Fumeng Lincha (夫蒙靈詧). In response, Dong Qin and his colleagues Liu Kenu (劉客奴) and Wang Xuanzhi (王玄志) killed Lü and took over the circuit, remaining in remote contact with Yan Zhenqing, one of the few Tang generals resisting Yan forces north of the Yellow River. When Yan informed the Tang imperial government of the situation, Liu was made the military governor to replace Lü, Wang made the deputy protectorate general to replace Fumeng, and Dong was made the military commander of the circuit (兵馬使, \"Bingmashi\"). The Pinglu army subsequently made a number of harassing attacks against An's original base at Fanyang (范陽, i.e., modern Beijing), and Dong distinguished himself in these battles, including a victory over the Xi general Abuli (阿布離) when the Xi allied with Yan. Subsequently, after Liu suffered a defeat and returned to Pinglu, Wang, for reasons lost to history, poisoned Liu to death. In spring 757, Wang sent Dong with an army over the Bohai Sea, on simple rafts, to join the general Tian Shen'gong (田神功) to attack Pingyuan (平原, roughly modern Dezhou, Shandong) and Le'an (樂安, roughly modern Binzhou, Shandong) Commanderies, recapturing them from Yan forces. The Tang general in overall command in the area, Li Xian (李銑), exercising imperial authority, made Dong the governor of Pingyuan Commandery. (Dong would not again return to Pinglu from this point on.) Later in 757, when Emperor Xuanzong's son Emperor Suzong had taken over as emperor, a joint Tang and Huige army recaptured Chang'an and Luoyang from Yan, then under the rule of An Lushan's son An Qingxu (An Lushan having been assassinated by An Qingxu earlier in the year). An Qingxu fled to Yecheng and put up his defense there. A number of Tang generals, including, in addition to Dong Qin, Guo Ziyi, Lu Jiong (魯炅), Li Huan (李奐), Xu Shuji (許叔冀), Li Siye, Ji Guangchen (季廣琛), Cui Guangyuan (崔光遠), Li Guangbi, and Wang Sili (王思禮), converged on Yecheng and put it under siege, although Tang forces were unable to capture Yecheng quickly. In spring 759, the Yan general Shi Siming, who had briefly submitted to Emperor Suzong but then turned against Tang again, attacked Tang forces at Yecheng and caused them to collapse and scatter, and then killed An Qingxu, taking over as Yan's emperor. He then attacked south. With Guo blamed for the collapse at Yecheng, Li Guangbi was put in overall command of Tang forces in the region, and he put Xu in charge of defending Bian Prefecture (汴州, in modern Kaifeng, Henan). Dong, along with Tian, Liang Pu (梁浦) and Liu Congjian (劉從諫), served under Xu. When Shi arrived at Bian Prefecture and initially defeated Xu, however, Xu surrendered, along with Dong, Tian, Liang, and Liu. Shi had long been impressed by Dong, and he patted Dong's back and stated, \"Before, I had only a left hand. Now that I have you, lord, I also have a right hand.\" When Dong subsequently accompanied Shi in capturing Luoyang and then attacking the key outpost Heyang (河陽, near Luoyang), however, he took the opportunity to flee from Shi's camp and rejoin Li Guangbi, then defending Heyang. Emperor Suzong made Dong the military commander of the Shanxi (陝西) and Shence (神策) Armies, and bestowed on him not only the imperial surname of Li, but also a new personal name, Zhongchen (\"faithful subject\"). He also created Li Zhongchen the Duke of Longxi and awarded him with much treasure. Li Zhongchen and another military commander of Shence Army, Wei Boyu (衛伯玉), subsequently defended Shan Prefecture (陝州, in modern Sanmenxia, Henan) against the attacks by Shi's general Li Guiren (李歸仁) and were able to repel Li Guiren. Emperor Suzong died in 762 and was succeeded by his son Emperor Daizong. Soon thereafter, Li Zhongchen was made the military governor of Huaixi Circuit (淮西, headquartered in modern Zhumadian, Henan), governing over 12 prefectures. He subsequently joined other Tang and Huige generals in recapturing Luoyang from Shi Siming's son and successor Shi Chaoyi, forcing Shi Chaoyi to flee. (Shi Chaoyi would subsequently commit suicide, ending the Anshi Rebellion.) After Huige's Dengli Khan Yaoluoge Yidijian returned to his own realm, the remaining Huige generals An Ke (安恪) and Shi Diting (石帝庭) gathered groups of bandits and pillaged the region. Emperor Daizong commissioned Dong to destroy them, and he did, before returning to Huaixi. In 765, when the general Pugu Huai'en, who had rebelled earlier, persuaded Huige and Tufan troops to join him to attack Chang'an, Emperor Daizong, at Guo Ziyi's suggestion, issued orders summoning the generals Li Baoyu, Li Guangjin (李光進, Li Guangbi's brother), Bai Xiaode (白孝德), Ma Lin (馬璘), Hao Tingyu (郝庭玉), and Li Zhongchen. It was said that, though, when most of these generals received the orders, they did not launch their forces immediately. As to Li Zhongchen, though, after he received the orders while playing a ball game with the officers, he immediately ordered that the army be launched. When his subordinates and the eunuch monitoring his army suggested that the army should be launched on a day considered to be lucky, Li Zhongchen became angry and responded, \"If parents have a sudden disaster, children cannot wait until a good day to save them.\" Subsequently, before he and the other generals could reach Chang'an, Pugu died, and the Huige and Tufan army, while initially still advancing toward Chang'an, slowed down. He participated in the subsequent defense of Chang'an, although Huige forces withdrew after Guo persuaded them to do so, and Tufan forces withdrew thereafter as well. In 767, as the military governor of Tonghua Circuit (同華, in modern Weinan, Shaanxi), Zhou Zhiguang (周智光), became increasingly violent (including, among other things, slaughtering the entire household of fellow military governor Du Mian (杜冕)) and threatening to the emperor, Emperor Daizong sent Guo to attack Zhou, whose subordinates subsequently killed him and surrendered. At that time, Li Zhongchen happened to be heading toward Chang'an from Huaixi to pay homage to the emperor, and he used the excuse of attacking Zhou to enter Hua Prefecture (華州, also in modern Weinan), one of the prefectures under Zhou's command, and pillaged it heavily. It was said that the entire region between the Tong Pass and Chi River (赤水, flowing through Hua",
"to do so, and Tufan forces withdrew thereafter as well. In 767, as the military governor of Tonghua Circuit (同華, in modern Weinan, Shaanxi), Zhou Zhiguang (周智光), became increasingly violent (including, among other things, slaughtering the entire household of fellow military governor Du Mian (杜冕)) and threatening to the emperor, Emperor Daizong sent Guo to attack Zhou, whose subordinates subsequently killed him and surrendered. At that time, Li Zhongchen happened to be heading toward Chang'an from Huaixi to pay homage to the emperor, and he used the excuse of attacking Zhou to enter Hua Prefecture (華州, also in modern Weinan), one of the prefectures under Zhou's command, and pillaged it heavily. It was said that the entire region between the Tong Pass and Chi River (赤水, flowing through Hua Prefecture), all of the people's wealth was stripped, and even the officials' clothes were stripped such that they had to wear clothes made of paper. In 771, Li Zhongchen personally participated in the yearly defense rotation on the western border against possible Tufan attacks. In 775, there was a disturbance at Shan Prefecture in which the soldiers mutinied and forcibly expelled their military commander, Zhao Lingzhen (趙令珍). They also pillaged the prefectural treasury. The circuit governor (觀察使, \"Guanchashi\") Li Guoqing (李國清) could not suppress them and only was spared by humiliating himself before them. Emperor Daizong ordered Li Zhongchen, then on another trip to Chang'an to pay homage to him, to suppress the mutiny. When Li Zhongchen arrived at Shan Prefecture, the soldiers knew his reputation and submitted to him, not daring to do anything else. He ordered that they surrender the pillaged items and promised that those who did would not be further prosecuted. They did so, and after he collected the plunders, he did not return them to Shan Prefecture's treasury, but distributed them to his own soldiers. Later in 775, when Tian Chengsi, the military governor of Weibo Circuit (魏博, headquartered in modern Handan, Hebei), had offended both the emperor and the military governors nearby, Emperor Daizong ordered a campaign be waged against him. Li Zhongchen and Li Zhengji were to attack Weibo from the south, and Zhu Tao, Li Baochen, and Xue Jianxun (薛兼訓) were to attack from the north. Li Zhongchen initially put Weibo's Wei Prefecture (衛州, in modern Xinxiang, Henan) under siege, but after Li Zhengji withdrew from the campaign due to fears that his own soldiers would mutiny and a humble letter Tian sent him, Li Zhongchen withdrew as well. Emperor Daizong was subsequently forced to abandon the campaign against Tian. In 776, after the death of Tian Shen'gong's brother Tian Shenyu (田神玉), the circuit he then governed, Biansong Circuit (汴宋, headquartered in modern Kaifeng), fell into the hands of his officer Li Lingyao (李靈曜). Emperor Daizong ordered the military governors around Biansong to attack it. Li Zhongchen joined forces with Ma Sui, and their armies constituted the main assault force against Biansong's capital Bian Prefecture. After an initial defeat at Li Lingyao's hands, Li Zhongchen considered withdrawing, but when Ma stood his ground, Li Zhongchen stayed as well and continued the campaign. After several victories, in winter 776, they put Bian Prefecture under siege. When Tian Chengsi dispatched an army commanded by his nephew Tian Yue to aid Li Lingyao, Li Zhongchen sent his subordinate Li Chongqian (李重倩) to launch a surprise attack on Tian Yue's army, causing it to collapse. Without aid, Li Lingyao fled, but was captured by Li Mian the military governor of Yongping Circuit (永平, headquartered in modern Anyang, Henan) and delivered to Chang'an to be executed. It was said that Ma knew that Li Zhongchen would credit only himself with the victory, and so did not enter Bian Prefecture in order to avoid a conflict. When Li Senghui (李僧惠), a Biansong general who had submitted to imperial authority early in the campaign and who had participated in Li Lingyao's defeat, disputed with Li Zhongchen, Li Zhongchen surprised him and killed him at a meeting. Emperor Daizong subsequently gave Li Zhongchen the honorary chancellor designation of \"Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi\" (同中書門下平章事) and issued orders adding Bian Prefecture to his circuit and moving Huaixi's headquarters to Bian Prefecture. (However, Li Zhongchen appeared to not have actually moved headquarters to Bian Prefecture from his then-headquarters at Cai Prefecture (蔡州), based on subsequent events.) It was said that by this point, Li Zhongchen was greedy, violent, and sexually immoral. If his officers' and soldiers' had beautiful wives or daughters, he would often force the women to have sexual relations with him. He entrusted the important matters of the circuit to his brother-in-law Zhang Huiguang (張惠光), whom he made his deputy. Zhang was said to be corrupt and causing much grief to the soldiers. Zhang's son, an officer, was even more corrupt than his father. The officer Li Xilie, a son of a cousin of Li Zhongchen's, was supported by the soldiers, and he took this opportunity to plot a mutiny with his colleague Ding Gao (丁暠). On March 28, 779, Li Xilie and Ding killed Zhang and his son and expelled Li Zhongchen. Li Zhongchen fled to Chang'an. Emperor Daizong, crediting him for his past achievements, kept him at Chang'an and gave him the honorary title of acting \"Sikong\" (司空, one of the Three Excellencies) and allowed him to exercise his previously-honorary authorities as a chancellor. He made Li Xilie acting military governor, but stripped the circuit of Bian and Ying (潁州, in modern Fuyang, Anhui) Prefectures, transferring them to Yongping Circuit under Li Mian's command. After Emperor Daizong died later in 779, Li Zhongchen remained as chancellor under Emperor Daizong's son and successor Emperor Dezong. On an occasion, when he met Emperor Dezong to discuss official business, Emperor Dezong commented, \"You, lord, have large ears. That is the sign that you are a truly honored person.\" Li Zhongchen responded, \"Your subject has heard that donkeys have large ears and dragons have small ears. My ears are large, but they are donkey ears.\" Emperor Dezong was happy about the flattery. In 780, when the official Zhang She (張涉), who had previously been Emperor Dezong's teacher, was accused of receiving a bribe from another official, Xin Jinggao (辛京杲), Emperor Dezong was initially set to punish Zhang harshly. Li Zhongchen interceded and stated, \"Your Imperial Majesty is the Son of Heaven, but you allowed your teacher to commit crimes out of poverty. Based on the foolish view of your subject, it is not your teacher's fault.\" Emperor Dezong's anger subsided, and he merely relieved Zhang of his posts and sent him home. Meanwhile, Xin, who, in addition to this, was also accused of killing one of his soldiers due to a private dispute, was set to be executed. Emperor Dezong was about to approve the execution, when Li Zhongchen stated, \"Xin Jinggao should have died long ago.\" When Emperor Dezong asked him why, he responded, \"Xin's uncles and brothers all died in service to the empire. Only he remains. That is why I say that he should have died long ago.\" Emperor Dezong took pity and spared Xin's life, merely demoting him to be a teacher to one of the imperial princes. For these actions of saving colleagues, Li Zhongchen was praised. However, it is said that Li Zhongchen was a straight thinker, and that he did not read or favor scholars. Despite the fact that he had high positions, he was not happy about having lost his military command. In fall 783, soldiers from Jingyuan Circuit (涇原, headquartered in modern Pingliang, Gansu), were at Chang'an, ready to be deployed to the east to battle four rebellious military governors — Zhu Tao, Wang Wujun, Tian Yue (who had inherited his post from Tian Chengsi), and Li Na. Angry that they were not given rewards while at Chang'an, they mutinied, forcing Emperor Dezong to flee to Fengtian (奉天, in",
"ago.\" Emperor Dezong took pity and spared Xin's life, merely demoting him to be a teacher to one of the imperial princes. For these actions of saving colleagues, Li Zhongchen was praised. However, it is said that Li Zhongchen was a straight thinker, and that he did not read or favor scholars. Despite the fact that he had high positions, he was not happy about having lost his military command. In fall 783, soldiers from Jingyuan Circuit (涇原, headquartered in modern Pingliang, Gansu), were at Chang'an, ready to be deployed to the east to battle four rebellious military governors — Zhu Tao, Wang Wujun, Tian Yue (who had inherited his post from Tian Chengsi), and Li Na. Angry that they were not given rewards while at Chang'an, they mutinied, forcing Emperor Dezong to flee to Fengtian (奉天, in modern Xianyang, Shaanxi). They supported Zhu Tao's brother Zhu Ci, who had been relieved of his command after Zhu Tao's rebellion, as their leader. Zhu Ci initially acted as if he was going to calm the situation and then welcome Emperor Dezong back to Chang'an, but was secretly considering taking over as emperor himself. He gathered a group of officials whom he believed to be disaffected from Emperor Dezong — Li Zhongchen, Yuan Xiu (源休), Zhang Guangsheng (張光晟), and Duan Xiushi — and began planning for declaring himself emperor of a new state of Qin. At a meeting of this close circle, however, Duan, who had not been willing to submit to him, tried to assassinate him. Zhu escaped death only with help from Li Zhongchen, and Duan was killed. When Zhu then declared himself the emperor of Qin, he made Li Zhongchen one of his chancellors, and he kept Li Zhongchen in charge of Chang'an when he subsequently personally led troops to siege Fengtian. Li Zhongchen, however, was not able to deal with Tang resistance fighters near Chang'an, forcing Zhu to repeatedly send aid from Fengtian, hindering Zhu's efforts in sieging Fengtian. When the Tang general Li Huaiguang subsequently arrived from the eastern regions and had successes against Qin forces, Zhu was forced to lift the siege on Fengtian and return to Chang'an, allowing Emperor Dezong to survive. After Zhu (who changed his state's name to Han in 784) was further defeated in 784 and fled Chang'an, Li Zhongchen fled Chang'an as well, but was captured by soldiers under the Tang general Li Sheng at Fanchuan (樊川, near Chang'an). He was executed on July 8, along with his son. His possessions were confiscated. Li Zhongchen Li Zhongchen (李忠臣) (716 – July 8, 784),"
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"Enfield–Suffield Covered Bridge The Enfield–Suffield Covered Bridge was a wooden covered bridge over the Connecticut River located between Enfield, Connecticut and Suffield, Connecticut. This bridge connected Bridge Lane on the Enfield (east) side of the river with the west side of the river, where Bridge Street met it. There is now a parallel row of trees on this west side of the river where the street once ran. Half of this bridge was destroyed in a flood on 2 February 1900. Hosea Keach, agent for the railroad at Bridge Lane Station, which was at the entrance to the bridge, was on the bridge when it collapsed. He rode the span down the river, and climbed to the roof, where he was seen by two railroad employees at the Warehouse Point bridge, Arthur Blodgett and R. A. Abbe. They lowered a rope from the railroad bridge as he passed below, rescuing him. The remains of the bridge were purchased by Southern New England Telephone, which blew up the remaining part of the bridge and used the piers for carrying telephone wires across the river. Enfield–Suffield Covered Bridge The Enfield–Suffield Covered Bridge was a wooden covered bridge over the Connecticut River located"
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"Don Bagley Donald Neff \"Don\" Bagley (July 18, 1927 – July 26, 2012) was an American jazz bassist. Bagley was born on July 18, 1927 in Salt Lake City, Utah. He received formal training on the double bass. He studied in Los Angeles and played in 1945 with Shorty Sherock and Wingy Manone, and in 1948 with Dick Pierce. From 1950 to 1953 and sporadically thereafter, Bagley played with Stan Kenton; during Bagley's time with Kenton, \"A Study for Bass\" by Bill Russo and \"Bags\" by Bill Holman were written to feature Bagley's playing; starting in 1954 he fronted his own ensembles. Between 1950 and 1952 he did extensive work as a session musician with Nat King Cole, Maynard Ferguson, and Dexter Gordon. In the middle of the 1950s he played in Europe with Zoot Sims, Lars Gullin, Frank Rosolino, and Ake Persson. Between 1956 and 1967 he again worked with Kenton and with Les Brown; toward the end of the 1950s he also played with Jimmie Rowles, Shelly Manne, and Phil Woods. In 1957 and 1958 he recorded three albums under his own name. In 1959 he played with Pete Fountain; in 1961 he did a session with Ben Webster. In 1964 he performed in Japan with Julie London. In the 1970s and '80s Bagley composed and arranged for film and television. Between 1976 and 1984 he worked with Burt Bacharach. Bagley died on July 26, 2012 at the age of 85. With Stan Kenton With Shorty Rogers With Pete Rugolo With Ben Webster Don Bagley Donald Neff \"Don\" Bagley (July 18, 1927 – July 26, 2012) was an American jazz bassist. Bagley was born on July 18, 1927 in Salt Lake City, Utah. He received formal training on the double bass. He studied in Los Angeles and played"
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"Buffalo Metro Rail Buffalo Metro Rail is the public transit rail system in Buffalo, New York, United States; it is operated by the Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority (NFTA). The system consists of a single, long light rail line that runs for most of the length of Main Street (New York State Route 5) in the City of Buffalo, from KeyBank Center in Downtown Buffalo to the south campus of the University at Buffalo in the northeast corner of the city. The first section of the line opened in October 1984; the current system was completed in November 1986. Construction on the initial Metro Rail line began in 1979 and opened in stages: the surface portion opened on October 9, 1984 while the subway opened as far as Amherst Street Station on May 20, 1985, following an opening ceremony on May 18. The line was further extended to University Station, serving the University at Buffalo, on November 10, 1986 due to construction issues at LaSalle Station. At the time of the start of construction, the line was intended to be the first line for an extensive heavy rail system that would spread throughout the city and suburbs. However, during the construction of the line and afterward, Buffalo's population declined significantly by approximately 55% from around 580,000 in 1950 to about 261,000 in 2010 and the new line's ridership was much lower than originally anticipated. The cost of the urban section was so high that no funding was available to extend the lines into the suburbs, including the Amherst campus of the University at Buffalo. Efforts to obtain funding for feeder lines have historically been met with little to no success. Although a centerpiece of the original line, the downtown transit mall did not live up to expectations. Because of poor traffic patterns on Downtown Buffalo's Main Street, some business groups occasionally called for the removal of the transit system so that they can return to normal vehicle traffic and curbside parking on Main Street, hoping that this measure would recreate the prosperous days of the past. In 2008, Buffalo began a project to reintroduce cars to Main Street. The project in question involved creating a shared trackbed/roadway with curbside parking, as well as the permanent closure of the Theater Station, which occurred on February 18, 2013. The closure of Theater Station meant that Fountain Plaza Station, located south in the 500 block of Main Street, now serves as the beginning and ending of the Free Fare Zone. On January 23, 2015, after less than two years of construction, traffic was reintroduced to the 600 block of Main Street, between Tupper and Chippewa Streets, in the Theater District. On December 15, 2015, traffic was reintroduced to the 500 block of Main Street, between Chippewa and Mohawk Streets, in the Central Business District. On January 9, 2017, Governor Andrew Cuomo announced in his State of the State address that funding would be secured for the Amherst and Cobblestone line extensions. If successful, this would be the first extension in the service's history. Funding for an environmental review into the Amherst extension was approved in 2018. The study is expected to take between 24 and 30 months. Metro Rail is a light rail transit (LRT) system as characterized by the American Public Transportation Association although it shares many characteristics with \"heavy rail\" metro systems and could be considered a \"light metro.\" 80% of its track () is an underground subway with high-level platforms. This section has eight stations that are spaced fairly widely apart, comparable to subway systems elsewhere. This section is cut-and-cover from Allen/Medical Campus to Utica, then deep-bored from Delavan/Canisius College to University. The remaining 20% of its track () are on the surface on Main Street in downtown Buffalo. On the surface section, trains interact with automobile traffic from the theater district where it emerges from the tunnel until Mohawk Street where it reverts to a transit mall and at cross streets, where movements are governed by traffic signals. Catenary poles are spaced every to support the overhead electrical lines. Metro Rail operates electric multiple-unit light rail vehicles (LRVs) in two-to-four car trains with power drawn from an overhead catenary system. Three-car trains are limited to rush hour and special events and four-car trains to special events. The Buffalo trains and SEPTA's light rail cars in Philadelphia are the only modern non-articulated LRVs operating in the United States. Fares are collected through a proof-of-payment system enforced by ticket inspectors. Travel is free on the above ground portion of the system. Regular fare is $2; various passes are also available for sale. All stations have ticket machines. Metro Rail runs as follows: Monday-Friday from 5:10am–12:50am, Saturdays from 7:05am–12:50am, and Sundays and holidays from 8:00am–11:50pm (although most bus service is available until approximately 12:30am). Trains run as often as once every ten minutes at rush hour and generally no less often than once every twenty minutes. In July 2008, the NFTA reported that the passenger count \"eclipsed the previous year's tally by 23%.\" As a result of this, in September 2008, the NFTA began an earlier starting time to the weekday schedule in response to an 11% increase in ridership over eight months of growth. Numbers are from the Federal Transit Administration's National Transit Database, which contains statistics from 1996–2011: Buffalo Metro Rail is ranked 25th in the nation in light rail daily ridership service as of 2013, with 5,058,300 passengers. However, it is noted that the line currently lacks extended branches to the suburbs, being confined to the city limits of Buffalo. One group, the Citizens Regional Transit Corporation (CRTC), advocates for expansion. As indicated in its statement, the CRTC seeks to educate the public, public officials, their authorities, and agencies in the Buffalo-Niagara region about the benefits of a comprehensive transportation system including an expanded Metro Rail. In April 2011, the group stated that the 600 block of Main Street, which has Shea's Performing Arts Center along with hotels and bars, should be converted into a mixed automobile and rail system. The 600 block was re-opened to automobile traffic in 2015. In December 2012, the NFTA announced it had secured funding of $1.6 million to commission a study in 2013 of bus and rail access to University at Buffalo's North Campus. If a rail project were to be approved, the system would be running in 7–10 years. On February 28, 2013, it was announced that a group consisting of representatives from the Buffalo Niagara Medical Campus, planners from the City of Buffalo, the Buffalo Sabres and NFTA are working on a plan to extend the southern terminus of the rail line just beyond the NFTA rail yard at the DL&W Terminal to a new parking garage being built near the Medical Campus. On December 4, 2006, in \"The Spectrum,\" a publication of the University at Buffalo (UB), it was announced that John B. Simpson, who was the school's president at the time, was planning to get a project underway that would connect UB's North, South and downtown campuses via a transportation system. The proposed systems included a subway, trolley or light rail. A study, published in 2014, detailed four alternatives chosen for the corridor, including a light rail corridor and three bus rapid transit corridors. The light rail corridor would extend from a turnout at University Station, head north to Niagara Falls Boulevard, turn to Sweet Home Road, enter the University at Buffalo North Campus and parallel Interstate 990 ending at the Crosspoint Business Park in Getzville. Planning and funding is currently underway for a northbound Niagara Falls Boulevard extension to the University at Buffalo North Campus. The Airport corridor would begin in Downtown Buffalo, near Church Station and continue in an easterly direction",
"UB's North, South and downtown campuses via a transportation system. The proposed systems included a subway, trolley or light rail. A study, published in 2014, detailed four alternatives chosen for the corridor, including a light rail corridor and three bus rapid transit corridors. The light rail corridor would extend from a turnout at University Station, head north to Niagara Falls Boulevard, turn to Sweet Home Road, enter the University at Buffalo North Campus and parallel Interstate 990 ending at the Crosspoint Business Park in Getzville. Planning and funding is currently underway for a northbound Niagara Falls Boulevard extension to the University at Buffalo North Campus. The Airport corridor would begin in Downtown Buffalo, near Church Station and continue in an easterly direction in/out Division Streets, diagonally in a northeastern direction near Jefferson Avenue toward the Buffalo Central Terminal, cross Broadway and then continue eastbound in its private right-of-way to the Thruway Plaza, Walden Galleria and Buffalo-Niagara International Airport. The Tonawandas corridor would operate from LaSalle Station northwesterly to the City of Tonawanda using the abandoned Erie Railroad tracks. The NFTA purchased 12 Presidents' Conference Committee (PCC) streetcars in the 1980s to serve the Tonawanda turn-out, a proposed Metro Rail extension to Tonawanda and North Tonawanda. These cars were built by the St. Louis Car Company and acquired by Cleveland, Ohio's Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority second-hand in 1953. It was determined after initial trial runs that the PCCs were too wide for existing station platforms and the plan was abandoned. The PCCs were sold to the Brooklyn Historic Railway Association (BHRA) and scrapped in 2003 when the BHRA folded. The NFTA has a fleet of 27 (originally 29) rigid-bodied (non-articulated) LRVs for the Metro Rail system, numbered sequentially from 101-127. They were built by Tokyu Car Corporation of Japan in 1983. The cars' body shell design is notably similar to that of the earlier articulated US Standard Light Rail Vehicle, whose shells were also fabricated by Tokyu Car Corp. for Boeing Vertol. The cars have a maximum service speed of , but trains run at in the above-ground section of the line. There are three sliding doors on each side of each LRV; these doors can be opened by passengers by push buttons on the outside wall of the train when trains are stopped at stations on the above-ground section of the line. However, in practice, train operators typically open all doors and extend all the retractable staircases at all above-stations. The NFTA acquired twelve PCC streetcars from the Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority in 1990 for service on the never-built Tonawandas branch. They were later sold to the Brooklyn Historic Railway Association in 2003. In May 2006, it was announced that all of the LRVs would be rehabilitated by AnsaldoBreda. The rehabilitation featured many improvements, including enhanced video monitoring of the railcar interiors, an upgraded braking system, rebuilt HVAC systems, rebuilt door systems, a new interior closely representing the agency's new look, upgraded propulsion systems and repairs to the body shells. In addition, the rail cars were to receive new monitoring systems, an automated announcement system calling out stations, new door chimes and interior/exterior LED signage to replace existing roll signs. The total project cost was estimated at $40 million for rehabilitation of the 27 cars. Because the refurbished cars have new car-to-car communications equipment, they are not compatible with unrefurbished cars and cannot run with them on the same train. The project originally planned to use SuperSteel's manufacturing facilities in Schenectady, New York for the overhaul. However, due to the loss of orders and a dip in the economy, SuperSteel closed the facility in April 2009. The closure cost 175 jobs and delayed the rehabilitation. The project later was moved to Gray Manufacturing Industries, located in Hornell, New York. The first two cars were due back in revenue service in July 2010. After a lengthy delay, which put the project years behind the original schedule, the first two cars (fleet numbers 114 and 123) were returned to full revenue service on March 9, 2012. However, the cost of refurbishment per car had since gone up and now averaged $1.7 million per car with a total cost of $45 million to complete all cars in the fleet. Three more cars (numbers 110, 111 and 126) were sent out and were expected to be completed before the end of 2012, but did not return to full revenue service until the fall of 2013. On October 1, 2014, car 113 also returned to full revenue service. Since then, 13 more cars (fleet numbers 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 112, 117, 119, 120, 122, 124 and 125) have returned to full revenue service, bringing the total number of refurbished rail cars to 19 as of June 21, 2018. Buffalo Metro Rail Buffalo Metro Rail is the public transit rail system in Buffalo, New York, United States; it is operated by the Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority (NFTA). The system consists of"
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"Psilocybe aucklandii Psilocybe aucklandii is a psychedelic mushroom, which has psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds. It is in the section \"Zapotecorum\" of the genus \"Psilocybe\", other members of this section include \"Psilocybe muliercula\", \"Psilocybe angustipleurocystidiata\", \"Psilocybe collybioides\", \"Psilocybe graveolens\", \"Psilocybe kumaenorum\", \"Psilocybe zapotecorum\", \"Psilocybe pintonii\", \"Psilocybe subcaerulipes\", \"Psilocybe moseri\", \"Psilocybe zapotecoantillarum\", \"Psilocybe zapotecocaribaea\", and \"Psilocybe antioquiensis\". \"Psilocybe aucklandii\" has a farinaceous smell and taste. The cap is 2–5 cm, conical to plane, chestnut brown, hygrophanous, and bruises blue/green where damaged. It often has a broad umbo. The gills are cream-colored when young and violet yellowish brown in age, with an adnate attachment. \"Psilocybe aucklandii\" spores are dark violet brown, oblong to ellipsoid, and 7 x 4 µm. The stipe is 4–9 cm long and .2–.5 cm thick. It is brown and bruises blueish. The stipe is pruinose, with fibrils near the base. \"Psilocybe aucklandii\" grows in clay based pine forest, directly from clay. Its type collection was in the Waitakere Ranges near Auckland, New Zealand, though it is more commonly found in the exotic pine plantation of Riverhead forest. Psilocybe aucklandii Psilocybe aucklandii is a psychedelic mushroom, which has psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds. It is"
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"Salvador Fidalgo Salvador Fidalgo y Lopegarcía (6 August 1756 – 27 September 1803) was a Spanish explorer. He commanded an exploring expedition for Spain to Alaska and the Pacific Northwest during the late 18th century. Fidalgo was born in La Seu d'Urgell in the province of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain, the heir of a noble Navarrese family. He entered joined the Spanish Navy as a guardiamarina (midshipman) at the Real Colegio de Guardiamarinas in Cádiz. He graduated in 1775 and given the rank of Alférez de Fragata (Frigate Ensign). He was chosen to be a member of Vicente Tofiño's team of cartographers working during the 1780s on the first atlas of Spain's ports and coastal waters. He served on various assignments in the Mediterranean and saw action against the British and Portuguese. In 1778 he was promoted to Teniente de Navío (Lieutenant) and assigned to the Spanish naval station at San Blas, Mexico. The Spanish claim to Alaska and the Pacific Northwest had dated back to a 1493 papal bull (Inter caetera) and rights contained in the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas; these two formal acts gave Spain the exclusive rights to colonize all of the Western Hemisphere (excluding Brazil), including the exclusive rights to colonize all of the west coast of North America. The first European expedition to actually reach the west coast of North America was led by the Spaniard Vasco Núñez de Balboa, which achieved the Pacific coast of Panama in 1513. Balboa claimed the Pacific Ocean for the Spanish Crown, as well as the lands touching it, including all of the west coast of North America. This action of Balboa further solidified the Spanish claim of exclusive control over the entire west coast of North America. The claims unchallenged, the Spanish Empire did not explore or settle the northwest coast of North America in the 250 years after Balboa's claim. By the late 18th century, however, learning of Russian Empire and British arrivals along the Pacific coast, Spain finally grew sufficiently concerned about their claims to the Pacific Northwest and set out to learn the extent of the Russian and British encroachment. In 1790, at the direction of Juan Vicente de Güemes Padilla Horcasitas y Aguayo, 2nd Count of Revillagigedo, the Viceroy of New Spain, Fidalgo was sent to New Spain's northernmost settlement, San Lorenzo de Nootka, just off today's Vancouver Island. In May 1790, Fidalgo sailed out of Nootka and some weeks later, anchored off present-day Cordova, Alaska. The expedition found no signs of Russian presence, and traded with natives in the area. On June 3, 1790, they put ashore on today's Orca Inlet, and in a solemn ceremony, Fidalgo erected a large wooden cross, re-asserted Spanish sovereignty, and named the area \"Puerto Córdova.\" Fidalgo continued along the Alaskan coast, reaching today's Gravina Point, where the same ceremony re-asserting Spanish sovereignty was performed. On June 15, 1790, they discovered a port, which they named \"Puerto Valdez\", after Antonio Valdés, then Minister of the Spanish Navy. On July 4, 1790, the expedition made their first contact with the Russians, on the southwestern coast of the Kenai Peninsula, which Fidalgo named \"Puerto Revillagigedo\". The expedition pressed on to the main Russian settlement of the time on Kodiak Island, in today's Three Saints Bay. Fidalgo entertained the Russians aboard his ship, and then on July 5, 1790, conducted another ceremony of sovereignty, near the Russian outpost of Alexandrovsk (today's English Bay or Nanwalek, Alaska), southwest of today's Anchorage on the Kenai Peninsula. Fidalgo led the expedition back to San Blas, arriving on November 15, 1790. In 1792 Salvador Fidalgo was assigned to establish a Spanish post at Neah Bay (the Spanish name was \"Bahía de Núñez Gaona\"), on the southwestern coast of the Strait of Juan de Fuca in present-day U.S. state of Washington. He arrived from San Blas on the corvette \"Princesa\" on May 28, 1792. The post soon had cleared land for a garden, a livestock enclosure with a number of cows, sheep, hogs, and goats, and a stockade with a small garrison. The post was established during the Nootka Convention negotiations between Spain and Britain in the wake of the Nootka Crisis. It was uncertain whether the Spanish post at Nootka Sound would be ceded to the British or not. Fidalgo's work at Neah Bay was in preparation for a possible relocation of Spain's Nootka Sound post. Later during the autumn of 1792 a conflict occurred between the Makah, natives of Neah Bay, and the Spanish. Fidalgo's second in command, Pilot Antonio Serantes, was killed and in retaliation Fidalgo ordered an attack on the Makah, inflicting many casualties. For this action Fidalgo was later reprimanded by his superior officers. The post at Neah Bay was abandoned and Fidalgo was recalled to Nootka Sound. In 1794 Salvador Fidalgo was promoted to Capitán de Fragata (Frigate Captain or Commander). In 1795 he sailed to the Philippines to deliver diplomatic documents. In 1801 he suppressed a Native American rebellion at the Tiburón Island in the Gulf of California. He died on September 27, 1803 in Tacubaya, near Mexico City. Fidalgo Island, near Puget Sound, was named in his honor. Salvador Fidalgo Salvador Fidalgo y Lopegarcía (6 August 1756 – 27 September 1803) was a Spanish explorer. He commanded an exploring expedition for Spain to Alaska and the Pacific Northwest during the late 18th century. Fidalgo was born in La Seu"
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"El Progrés, Badalona Progres es un barrio de badalona.Hay muchos calles . El Progrés is a coastal area of Badalona (Barcelonès, Catalonia, Spain) in the town's District 1, and as such, part of the metropolitan area of Barcelona. It is bordered by Gorg, La Mora, Raval, Can Claris, Centre and the Mediterranean Sea. As of the 2012 census El Progrés had 11,059 inhabitants, or 5% of Badalona's population. Like many toponyms in the town (such as Unió, Conquista, Indústria) the name of this neighbourhood —which is Catalan for \"The Progress\"— evokes the industrial age which was the time of its inception. The area is home to the famous Anís del Mono factory, in Avinguda Eduard Maristany. It was built by the brothers Bosch and Grau in 1868, and it is close to both the rail tracks the Pont del Petroli beach. Platja del Coco is another beach within administrative limits of the area. The former CACI factory will host the forthcoming Museu del Còmic i la Il·lustració de Catalunya, currently under construction. The closest rail transport link is the metro station Pep Ventura, on Barcelona Metro line L2 El Progrés, Badalona Progres es un barrio de badalona.Hay muchos calles ."
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"retrieved": [
"Bar Royal Palace Bar Royal Palace is a (former) royal summer residence in Bar, Montenegro. The palace was constructed by king Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš in 1885, and was a gift to his daughter Princess Zorka and his son-in-law, Prince Petar Karađorđević. The complex includes the large and the small palace, a chapel, houses for the guards and a winter garden. A spacious ballroom was added in 1910. At the front of the palace, there was a wooden pier. Between 1866 and 1916, King Nikola owned ten yachts. One of them, Sibil, was bought from Jules Verne, the novelist. The last yacht bought was the Rumija. In 1915, it was sunk in the Bar harbour by the Austro-Hungarian navy. Currently, the palace houses the city museum of Bar. Also, it is used as a venue for festivals, concerts, exhibitions and literary events. Bar Royal Palace Bar Royal Palace is a (former) royal summer residence in Bar, Montenegro. The palace was constructed by king Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš in 1885, and was a gift to his daughter Princess Zorka and his son-in-law, Prince Petar Karađorđević. The complex includes the large and the small palace, a chapel, houses for the guards and a winter"
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"Adagio and Rondo Concertante The Adagio and Rondo Concertante (\"Adagio e Rondo concertante\") in F major for piano quartet, 487, was composed by Franz Schubert in 1816. A \"brilliant\" work designed as a display piece for the piano soloist, it is not only one of the few works the composer wrote in this style, but it is his first composition for piano and string ensemble, preceding the \"Trout\" Quintet\" by three years. Schubert apparently composed the quartet at the request of Heinrich Grob, the brother of Therese Grob, who at the time Schubert hoped to marry. Offered to Diabelli after Schubert's death, the composition was not published until 1865. The first known public performance of the quartet was on 1 November 1861 at the Ludwig Bösendorfer Salon in Vienna. The composition, which is written for a standard piano quartet is in two movements played continuously: The composition takes around 14–16 minutes to perform. Adagio and Rondo Concertante The Adagio and Rondo Concertante (\"Adagio e Rondo concertante\") in F major for piano quartet, 487, was composed by Franz Schubert in 1816. A \"brilliant\" work designed as a display piece for the piano soloist, it is not only one of the few"
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"James Brockman James Brockman (December 8, 1886 – May 22, 1967) was an American songwriter. Born in Russia, he emigrated to New York by himself at the age of 9 or 10. His given name was Jacob Brachman but he changed the spelling of the last name because it was mis-pronounced and the rest of the family followed with the change. Brockman began his career as a comedian in vaudeville and musicals in the early 1900s. He was a partner, along with James Kendis, of the Kendis-Brockman Music Company. He wrote the lyrics to \"Down among the Sheltering Palms\" with music by composer and Chicago music publisher Abe Oldman. Oldman's marketing of the song led to Leo Feist acquiring it and encouraging Al Jolson to perform on stage. In 1919, he was a co-writer of the song \"I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles\", which years later would become the anthem of the English football club West Ham United. Also in 1919, he co-wrote \"I'm Like a Ship Without a Sail\". He also co-wrote, with Abe Olman, the song \"Down Among The Sheltering Palms\", published in 1914 and popularized by the Boswell Sisters in the early 1930s. He went on to work in Hollywood as a songwriter for films, and wrote the score for Happy Days. He died in Santa Monica, California in May 1967, aged 80, and was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1970. James Brockman James Brockman (December 8, 1886 – May 22, 1967) was an American songwriter. Born in Russia, he emigrated to New York by himself at the age of 9 or 10. His given name was Jacob Brachman but he changed the spelling of the last name because it was mis-pronounced and the rest of the family followed with the change. Brockman began his career"
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"Derventio Brigantum Derventio, sometimes described as Derventio Brigantium (Latin for \"Derventio of the Brigantes\") in order to distinguish it from other places called Derventio, was a Roman fort and settlement located beneath the modern town of Malton in North Yorkshire, England. The fort is positioned 18 miles north-east of Eboracum on the River Derwent. The Roman name for the Malton military complex first appears in the Antonine Itinerary of the late-second century. It is also mentioned in the 4th/5th century Notitia Dignitatum as \"Deruentione\" - the last auxiliary garrison \"at the disposal of the Right Honourable Duke of the Britains\". Initial investigations at the site were undertaken by Philip Corder and John Kirk in the 1930s. The excavated material from this site formed the core collection of the Malton Museum. These excavations took in both the defences and interior buildings of the north-east corner of the fort and trial trenches in the south-west of the fort. A further series of excavations between 1949 and 1952 by the Ministry of Works in the civilian settlement uncovered multiple phases of activity as well as a road, several buildings and a mosaic. Timber and stone structures were identified during excavations on the fort in 1970 by Leslie Peter Wenham. A complex building sequence was revealed, with major phases occurring during the Trajanic, Severan, Constantian and Theodosian periods. The south and west defences of an early Roman military work were confirmed beneath the vicus buildings, very likely a southern annexe of the known fort. These additional defences comprised a turf rampart 16 ft (4.9m) wide, backing a ditch 6 ft (1.8m) wide and 3½ft (1.2m) deep. The earliest secure construction of a fort at Malton was in the AD 70s under Agricola, contemporary with the nearby fortress at Eboracum. Built on the north side of the River Derwent, this original phase was in timber, with the wall being rebuilt in stone in the early second century. The presence of the \"Ala\" shows that for at least part of its history, \"Derventio\" was capable of housing a mounted cavalry unit. Only a single unit has been clearly associated with occupation at this site, the \"Ala Gallorum Picentiana\" (The Picentine wing of Gauls). The single record of this unit is an altar dedicated by the Prefect Candidus, from the ruins of the Severan bathhouse. It remains unclear when the \"Ala Gallorum Picentiana\" were first established at Malton and when they left. As with many Roman forts, a civilian settlement grew up around the established military base. The evidence at Malton shows extramural settlement surrounding the south gate of the fort and crossing to the south side of the river, following the roads leading away from the fort. Many buildings were discovered, the most elaborate of which was found some 150 ft south of the fort, measured 90 ft by 30 ft and included heated floors. One mid-second century structure contained circular baking ovens. To the west of the road a series of rectangular buildings of an average size of 25 by 40 ft stood closely compacted together and have been interpreted as workshops or store-houses; most of the pottery from this area, including much local ware, and coin evidence dates this area to the second half of the third and the first half of the fourth century. It has been suggested that a spring in the north-east of the civilian settlement may have been the source for the bath-house, although the structure has not been located. A canal, dug in 1810, destroyed any of the structures which may have been close to the line of the river. The fort lies on the north banks of the River Derwent, the civilian settlement on the south site. The Roman road network provides access to the east coast and to larger settlements like Eboracum. Evidence exists for the working of bronze, iron and pewter. The locally sourced jet was worked at the site into jewellery. A single inscription, from beneath the New Malton Church, offered a dedication to the \"Genius\" of the place and to wish good luck to a young slave inheriting a goldsmith's shop, an otherwise unique inscription in Roman Britain. No temples are currently known from \"Derventio\". A single inscription is dedicated to Mars Rigus. Malton Castle, a motte-and-bailey castle was built by the de Vesci family over the west corner of the Roman fort in the 11th Century. This was demolished in the 17th century when a mansion was built on the site by Lord Eure, which was destroyed in 1674. The Dark Age settlement is the setting for much of the action in \"An East Wind Blowing\" by Australian author Mel Keegan. The original earthworks are still visible in the centre of the modern town in an area known as 'Orchard Fields'. Collections from excavations at \"Derventio\" formed part of the Malton Museum. The museum closed in 2012 and is temporarily exhibiting some material in the Parish Rooms, Malton. Roman material from Malton can also be found in the Yorkshire Museum. Derventio Brigantum Derventio, sometimes described as Derventio Brigantium (Latin for \"Derventio of the Brigantes\") in order to distinguish it from other places called Derventio, was a Roman fort and settlement located beneath the modern town of Malton in North Yorkshire, England. The fort is positioned 18 miles north-east of Eboracum on the River Derwent. The Roman name for the Malton military complex first"
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"Dreams of My Russian Summers Dreams of My Russian Summers (French: \"Le Testament français\") is a French novel by Andrei Makine, originally published in 1995. It won two top French awards, the Prix Goncourt and the Prix Médicis. The novel is told from the first-person perspective and tells the fictional story of a boy's memories and experiences with his French grandmother in the Soviet Union in the 1960s and '70s. Charlotte Lemonnier also known by her French Christian name translated in Russian as Sharlota Norbertovna. She is the heroine of the story, born in France in the early 1900s in the village of Neuilly-sur-Seine. She is a calm Frenchwoman living in the town of Saranza by the Russian steppe, who teaches her grandchildren, the young boy and girl, of her French and Russian life through memories and newspaper clippings. Narrator is the young boy of the story who grows up throughout the story in the 1960s and '70s. He remains nameless except in the very end of the book. (He is only called Alyosha once by his grandmother.) His nickname by his Russian classmates is \"Frantsuz\"- the Russian word for Frenchman. He admires his grandmother more than anyone and is confused by the conflicting heritages within him-French and Russian. This conflict characterizes the novel. Narrator's Sister is a nameless character as well as the narrator. She is also Charlotte's granddaughter. Although she is present in the beginning of the novel accompanying her brother in their visits to Charlotte, she later stays in Moscow for schooling and is not mentioned. Pashka is a peer of the narrator who is also a loner. He is rejected by his classmates and wants nothing to do with them. He avoids society and conformity because he is more interested in nature and the outside world. Although he and the narrator never officially become \"friends,\" their mutual solitude brings them closer together. Norbert is Charlotte's Russian father. Little is known of him other than he was a doctor who died at age 48, leaving Charlotte and her mother without much money. Albertine is Charlotte's mother and Norbert's wife, 26 years his junior. After Norbert's death she traveled several times between Siberia and France, taking Charlotte with her. She settles in Siberia with Charlotte battling severe depression and a morphine addiction. After returning to France one last time, she leaves for Siberia, leaving Charlotte with her brother, Vincent. She dies 2 years after reuniting with Charlotte, now nearly 20. Vincent is Charlotte's uncle and a reporter for the French newspaper \"Excelsior\". He took photos of the flood of 1910, and ultimately inspires Charlotte to collect newspaper cuttings. He dies in World War I. Fyodor is Charlotte's husband who marries her roughly a year after Albertine dies. It is unknown how he and Charlotte met. He works for the government and his position causes him and his family to move all over Russia. He is taken away by the government on New Year's Eve surrounded by Charlotte and their son and daughter. He is sent to fight in World War II and is reported dead twice, yet he returns to Charlotte after the war only to die less than a year later of his wounds. Sergei is Charlotte's son who is the product of her rape by an unknown man from Uzbekistan. Even though he is not Fyodor's true son he is accepted and loved by him and Charlotte. Mother is the nameless mother of the narrator and Charlotte's daughter. When her son is 14 or 15, she dies suddenly of an illness that she kept secret from her family. Nikolai is the narrator's father and the nameless mother's husband. Little is said of him except that he dies of a heart attack only months after his wife's death. Aunt is the nameless aunt of the narrator who moves in to care for the family after the death of both parents. She is aggressive, resourceful, and instrumental in showing the young boy the \"true\" Russia-bitter, violent, and proud. Alex Bond is a Russian businessman who is employed by the narrator (now in his thirties) to see if Charlotte is still alive. The book opens with the narrator leafing through photographs of relatives he doesn't know in his grandmother's house in Saranza, a fictional Russian town on the border of the steppe. His grandmother, Charlotte Lemonnier, comes in and starts talking about the photographs and her memories to the boy and his sister. The novel is characterized by stories like this: a collection of Charlotte's memories and the narrator's memories, intertwining so that the text moves seamlessly through their lives in a dreamlike fashion. The movement between Charlotte's French past and the Soviet present causes conflict in the boy's identity as the novel explores both sides of his heritage. Charlotte begins the novel by transporting her grandchildren to the French 'Atlantis' during the flooding of Paris in 1910. So begins the narrator's desire to learn all about this mysterious French past. He describes the town of Saranza in-between these stories. It is a quiet town bordering the Russian steppe that is lined with the old \"izba\", traditional Russian houses made of logs. The town is a strange mixture of these old relics and the new regime style that discards any excess or superfluous design, showcasing the theme of the clash between past and present. At the return of autumn, the boy narrator and his sister return to their hometown, an unnamed industrial, Stalinist-style city on the banks of the Volga. He quickly falls back into the pace of Russian life with its schooling and paramilitary exercises. He becomes confused by the conflicting images with which he has been presented: his grandmother's romanticised French image of Tsar Nicholas II versus \"Nicholas the Bloody\" as taught at his Russian school. The narration reveals more of Charlotte's early life. After the death of her father Norbert, her widowed mother Albertine becomes unstable, making visits to Paris only to insist on returning to Russia. It is the grave of her husband that keeps bringing her back to the Siberian town of Boyarsk, along with Charlotte. Young Charlotte, roughly age nine, begins to give French lessons to the Governor of Boyarsk's daughter. She becomes caretaker to her mother, who is revealed as a morphine addict. After several relapses, Albertine takes Charlotte with her back to France. But in July 1914, when Charlotte is eleven, Albertine temporarily goes back to Siberia, to put an end to her Siberian life. She never returns to France. Then war breaks out and Charlotte's only caretaker, her uncle Vincent, is killed in battle. Time jumps ahead to 1921 where Charlotte is chosen to go to Russia as a Red Cross nurse because she can speak both French and Russian. Years pass with only the description of wartime hardship and the images of the countless mutilated soldiers that fall under Charlotte's care. Charlotte decides to return to the town of her childhood, Boyarsk, to see the fate of the izba where she and her mother once lived. She comes across an old grizzled woman living there only to find that it is her mother. When Charlotte tries to take her mother and leave Russia, the government of Boyarsk seizes her papers and refuses to return them. Mother and daughter barely survive through the winter living on dried plants. In May, fearing starvation, Albertine and Charlotte flee the town and begin working on a Siberian farm. Albertine dies two years later and soon after that Charlotte marries a Russian man named Fyodor and they settle in the town of Bukhara. Coming back to the present, the story moves into more of Charlotte's dreamy stories of France through her \"Siberian suitcase\" filled with newspaper clippings. She talks of royalty, of President Félix Faure dying in the arms of his mistress, of restaurants, revolutions, etc. Back in his house, the narrator overhears his parents and other relatives talking of Charlotte. Because he is fourteen years old, they tolerate his presence as they plunge into the details of Fyodor's",
"them. Mother and daughter barely survive through the winter living on dried plants. In May, fearing starvation, Albertine and Charlotte flee the town and begin working on a Siberian farm. Albertine dies two years later and soon after that Charlotte marries a Russian man named Fyodor and they settle in the town of Bukhara. Coming back to the present, the story moves into more of Charlotte's dreamy stories of France through her \"Siberian suitcase\" filled with newspaper clippings. She talks of royalty, of President Félix Faure dying in the arms of his mistress, of restaurants, revolutions, etc. Back in his house, the narrator overhears his parents and other relatives talking of Charlotte. Because he is fourteen years old, they tolerate his presence as they plunge into the details of Fyodor's arrest. Fyodor was dressed in the red outfit of Father Christmas to entertain his children on New Year's Eve when he was arrested. Although the reason is fuzzy, it is hinted at that the arrest was partially because of Charlotte's \"crime\" of being French. Thus, Fyodor could be accused of being a French spy. He is sent away supposedly temporarily to be reinitiated into the Party, however Charlotte never sees him again until four years later, after the war. A short time after Fyodor's arrest, Germans bomb the city where Charlotte and her son and daughter are living. They leave the house and escape to the railway, running away from the explosions and debris of the city. As Charlotte begins to fall asleep on the last train out of the city, she realizes that she brought with her the \"Siberian suitcase\" rather than the suitcase of warm clothes and food she had packed that morning. By chance, this suitcase becomes the last physical link between Charlotte and her life in France. She and the children settle in a town 100 km away from the destroyed city where she works again as a nurse, caring for the wounded soldiers fourteen hours a day. In the midst of this constant presence of dying soldiers, Charlotte receives a letter informing her of Fyodor's death on the front. Soon after she receives a second note of death, which ironically gives her hope that her husband is actually alive. Fyodor indeed returns to her after Japan's defeat in September 1945. Less than a year later, he dies of his wounds. After returning from Saranza, the young narrator searches hungrily for all the information in his city about France. His obsession with France and the past alienates him from his classmates, making him a loner. After being taunted and teased by his peers, he meets another loner nicknamed Pashka, and the two become friends only on the basis that they understand each other's isolation. The next summer, the narrator returns alone to Saranza because his sister is studying in Moscow. His fifteenth year marks the start of the deterioration of the relationship between him and Charlotte. He is no longer an innocent little boy and longs to return to feeling the \"magic\" of Charlotte's stories that he did when he was young. He becomes angry at Charlotte's retelling of the past, confused between this past and the harsh Russia he lives in. At the very end of August, only a few days before his departure from Saranza, he mends his bond with Charlotte. All of a sudden he realized the beauty of this French past, and he and Charlotte understand each other again. Back in his hometown situated by the Volga, the narrator's mother goes to the hospital for some tests. The narrator is reveling in the freedom of his mother's absence when he overhears a classmate saying that his mother is dead. In February, only months after his mother dies, his father Nikolai dies of a heart attack. It is not his parents' deaths but his aunt's arrival that changes his outlook on life. His aunt is a tough, no-nonsense, resourceful woman who shoes him to love Russia. Through her, he sees the harshness, the violence, and the darkness of Russia, yet he loves it still. As he says on page 144, \"The blacker the Russia I was discovering turned out to be, the more violent my attachment became.\" As he moves closer to his Russian heritage, he pushes away the French. After the now fifteen-year-old narrator accepts and loves Russia, he immediately becomes accepted by the peers that once scorned him. In fact, his \"Frenchness\" turns into a gift. He entertains his classmates with all the information he has learned about France, which makes him no longer a loner but alienates him from Pashka. In the cruel world of teenagers, he openly scorns Pashka to become accepted. It is on the Mountain of Joy, the mountain hideaway where all the teenagers go to dance and flirt, that the narrator has his first romantic encounter, his first experience of \"physical love.\" It is a very awkward encounter, and he is humiliated afterward when his classmates make fun of him for not knowing \"how to make love\" on page 170. It seems to the narrator that his \"French implant\" has made him an outcast, even among women. Without warning he takes a train to Saranza to put an end to this French nuisance. On the way to Saranza, the boy thinks of all the things he will yell at Charlotte for. He feels like his French sensibility has \"split reality in two\" (Makine, 174). But when he abruptly arrives, she is calm and acts undisturbed. While the narrator is leaning on the balcony, Charlotte leans beside him and starts talking of some of the things she saw during the war. They begin to walk out far past the town and end up at the Sumra, a small stream several miles away from Saranza. She addressed the narrator as \"Alyosha\" and tells him that even after all of her years in Russia, she still can't seem to understand her adopted country; its harshness still seems foreign. Yet at the same time, she understands it more than the Russians, for she has seen the solitude of that country and its people. As the narrator walks back to Saranza with his grandmother, he feels as though the Russian and French within him now live in peace, put to rest by Charlotte's words. Charlotte and her grandson spend their last summer together in peace. They walk down to the banks of the Sumra every day and read underneath the shade, speaking in French, talking about everything. Charlotte tells him about when she was raped in her youth. She was in the desert when a young Uzbek man forced her down. When the rape was over, he tried to shoot her in the head, but it only grazed her temple. Left to die out in the desert, she explains to the narrator that it was a \"saiga\", a desert antelope, which saved her. After following the \"saiga\", she slept pressed up against it at night, and its body heat saved her from the desert cold. The next morning she wandered until she found a lake, where unknown travelers found her the next day. It was the rape that produced the narrator's Uncle Sergei, but Charlotte explains that she and Fyodor loved and accepted him as their first-born son. The rest of the summer passes like this until suddenly the narrator jumps ahead to ten years in the future. He is twenty-five and has not seen Charlotte since that last summer of his fifteenth year. He is about to study abroad to Europe and is telling Charlotte that she should come along to France with him. Despite France meaning the world to her, she calmly refuses. It is then, that the narrator understands \"what France meant to her\" (Makine, 204) Now it is twenty years past his summer in Saranza, and the narrator is roughly thirty-five. His career as a radio broadcaster in a German city is over, and he begins to wander aimlessly throughout Europe. As soon as he becomes used to the routine of a place: its sights, smells, and sounds, he leaves immediately. He begins to have fleeting thoughts of suicide, accepting it as a way out of routine. Amidst this mental distress he settles in a small apartment in Paris. It is unclear what happens in Paris, however he comes down with a fever and drifts in and out of reality, eventually making a",
"Charlotte that she should come along to France with him. Despite France meaning the world to her, she calmly refuses. It is then, that the narrator understands \"what France meant to her\" (Makine, 204) Now it is twenty years past his summer in Saranza, and the narrator is roughly thirty-five. His career as a radio broadcaster in a German city is over, and he begins to wander aimlessly throughout Europe. As soon as he becomes used to the routine of a place: its sights, smells, and sounds, he leaves immediately. He begins to have fleeting thoughts of suicide, accepting it as a way out of routine. Amidst this mental distress he settles in a small apartment in Paris. It is unclear what happens in Paris, however he comes down with a fever and drifts in and out of reality, eventually making a temporary home inside a family tomb in a cemetery. After feverishly wondering like a madman in Paris, he collapses by the river and sees a plaque inscribes with the words \"Flood Level. January 1910.\" (Makine, 214) This plaque brings back a flood of memories of France and his Russian summers. But most importantly, it reminds him of Charlotte, his French grandmother. He is struck by the desire to write and begins writing a book titled Charlotte Lemonnier: Biographical Notes. The narrator begins to live on the hope of publishing this book and bringing Charlotte back to France. Three years later, his books are published; he has several of them in the nearby bookstore. His first books sit unsold in the corner shelf because he wrote them in French, which the critics rejected as a Russian man attempting to use their language. However, once he wrote in Russian and had them translated into French, the critics hailed his novels. Thus, the narrator has written himself out of poverty and is prepared to find Charlotte to bring her back to France. In order to accomplish this he hires Alex Bond, a Russian businessman, to travel to Saranza and see if Charlotte is even alive. Mr. Bond returns and tells him that his grandmother is alive and well. The only thing preventing him from traveling from Russia is his lack of a French passport. As soon as he submits his name for approval of a passport, he decides that in order to welcome Charlotte to France he must decorate his apartment with antiques that might make her feel more at home. He moves into a larger apartment imagining her surprise at the lovely view, and buys her books that may remind her of the Paris of the past. Soon he has overspent his income, yet he still decorates Charlotte's future room in anticipation of her arrival. It is in the final days before he plans to leave for Saranza when the narrator receives a letter from the Prefecture de Police. The letter states that his request is unacceptable. He writes for an appeal, but the months slip by until it is August. By this time it has been a year since Alex Bond's trip to Saranza. A man named Val Grig travels to Paris to deliver a package to the narrator. He informs him that Charlotte Lemonnier has died, on September 9 of the previous year. His grandmother died only a few short weeks after Alex Bond had traveled to Saranza, making everything that the narrator did, everything he bought was in vain. Without knowing what else to do, the narrator opens the envelope that Charlotte intended for him. He sadly realizes that it was not the rejection of the passport that annulled his reunion with Charlotte, it was time. He begins reading the envelope, which is a manuscript written in Charlotte's hand. It is a story he finds to be all too common: that of a woman of the Stalinist period who was accused of propaganda and placed in a woman's camp. The woman is with child and her life is therefore saved. However, when the child is very young she is crushed by a tractor and dies in a hospital where Charlotte received permission to see her. Then, confused, the narrator reads the last sentence. Charlotte writes to him that this woman was his mother, Maria Stepanovna Dolina. This woman, the narrator's biological mother, wanted to keep this secret from him for as long as possible. In two days time the narrator leaves his apartment, his payment being all of the items he had bought for Charlotte's room, still uninhabited. As he walks through the dusty Paris streets he thinks of another memory to add to his Notes. It is that of him and Charlotte wandering through a forest decorated with rusting weaponry. In the middle of a clearing grew a grapevine, which caused Charlotte unimaginable joy; it was a reminder of her France. The novel ends with the narrator looking at the picture of his real mother that Charlotte gave him. He tells himself that he must get used to the idea of her as his mother. His thoughts drift to Charlotte's presence filling the streets of Paris as he searches for the words to tell her story. Emer Duff of \"The Dublin Quarterly International Literary Review\" said that the novel, \"reads like an autobiography and one suspects that many of the beautifully drawn characters are perhaps people from Makine's own life.\" Evidence for the author using parts of his own life in the novel is how both he and the narrator published their books. As Victor Brombert said in the \"New York Times\", \"It is therefore ironic that in order to have his first books published in Paris he had to pretend they were translations from Russian manuscripts. French publishers simply could not believe that a recently arrived emigre could write so well in their language.\" It is no coincidence that the same thing happened to the narrator of the story. Dreams of My Russian Summers Dreams of My Russian Summers (French: \"Le Testament français\") is a French novel by Andrei Makine, originally published in 1995. It won two top French awards, the Prix Goncourt and the Prix"
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"Marathwada Institute of Technology ] (MIT), is one of the technical institutes of (GSM) affiliated Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University (BATU), Lonere, Dist Raigad, Maharashtra, India. Established in 1975,under the parent trust Gramodyogik Shikshan Mandal (GSM), it is one of the oldest engineering colleges in Asia. The students and alumni of Marathwada Institute of Technology (MIT), are colloquially referred to as MITians. MIT is located, in the city of Aurangabad in the district of Maharashtra state in India.The city is a tourism hub, surrounded by many historical monuments, including the Ajanta Caves and Ellora Caves, which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, as well as Bibi Ka Maqbara and Panchakki. Marathwada Institute of Technology (MIT ),offers wide range of courses for graduation level in faculty of - engineering & technology, management, architecture, science and nursing, for post graduation programs in engineering & technology, management, information technology, and architecture, for vocational level - polytechnic, vocational programs, industrial skill set programs and technical school level programs. Gramaudyogik Shikshan Mandal (GSM), Aurangabad is the parent trust of MIT, established in 1975 in Maharashtra, India, under the Bombay Public Trust Act. It is also registered under the Societies Registration Act. Over the last four decades, GSM has established 20 institutes and developed Centers of Excellence in different fields of engineering and technology. GSM has grown organically in three different provinces of India, namely, Maharashtra, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh. More than 12000 students are receiving quality education on GSM's different campuses. These range from quality primary schooling to post graduate courses, as well as, targeted vocational training. GSM, through its premier institutes referred to as MIT Group of Institutions or MIT, offers a wide range of programs. These include graduation programs in agriculture, engineering and technology, information technology, architecture, food technology, health sciences and nursing; post graduation programs in food processing technology, engineering and technology, management and architecture along with vocational training programs like polytechnic courses, industrial skill set programs and technical school level programs. MIT has developed state of the art infrastructure, with greater emphasis on computer centers, learning aids and research laboratories, at each of its institutes supported by qualified and dedicated staff members. MIT Group of institutions is proud of being recognized as a student centric and a faculty driven organization. More than 15000 of our alumni are spread across the globe and performing quite well in different walks of life. They are the real brand ambassadors of MIT because their success reflects the contribution of our education in their careers and hence their lives. MIT has been continuously encouraging its institutes to create conducive environment for exchange of knowledge, by developing linkages with industries and other organizations. MIT is a pioneer in this endeavor and has successfully established mutually beneficial triangular partnership among academic institutions, industries and government organizations. Such collaborative approach has facilitated trailblazing solutions to real-time problems of industries and paved a way for research projects. MIT has also fostered greater association with a lot of companies for student training and their placements. Over last three and half decades, GSM has established 19 institutes and 5 centres of learning at multiple locations in India. GSM has grown organically in three important provinces of India, viz. 1.Maharashtra (Western India), 2.Delhi (National Capital) & 3.Uttar Pradesh (Northern India). More than 12000 full time & 2500 part time students are on different campuses for primary to post graduate education and vocational training. The MIT Aurangabad campus has of a unique digital library with knowledge center and Red Hat Academy 38 acres area. The Central library is spread over 1500 sq.metres area. All the Departments in the Institutes are equipped with Seminar Halls. There are separate Hostels for boys and girls. Amenities such as reading room, indoor games room, lounge and dining hall and a mess are facilitated for every hostel.The internet and intranet are available to each hostel. 24/7 basis power supply is available. There are also sports facilities like a spacious playground for games and recreation. Games like cricket, football and volleyball are quite popular games at MIT. MIT also has dedicated playing areas for indoor games like badminton, carom, chess etc. Undergraduate admissions to the MIT, Aurangabad are competitive and are based on merit. Earlier admissions were based upon the percentage of science subjects' marks secured in Higher Secondary Certificate exam of Maharashtra state and later on the basis of marks scored in JEE-MAINS However, at present the admissions are conducted on the basis of the marks secured in JEE Mains and HSC board combined . These admissions are conducted by the Directorate of Technical Education (DTE) through the Centralized Admission Process (CAP). Affirmative action programs exist for students belonging to socially and economically backward classes as stipulated in the Constitution of India and various statutes. There are programs for students from north-eastern India and Indian citizens from Kashmir. There are also programs for children of people working in Gulf countries, foreign nationals, foreign students and Person of Indian Origin (PIO) in the college. Non-Resident Indians can also apply for the courses. The reservations for different categories are based on the Government of India and Government of Maharashtra rules. Reservations in seats are provided for SC (Schedule Caste), ST (Schedule Tribes), NT (Nomadic Tribes), OBC (Other Backward Classes), PH (Physically Handicapped) as well as female candidates. In addition to the admissions through CAP, people wear caps and come for the admission. It has been included in the Guinness Book of world records, several admissions to direct second year of B.Tech. Courses are also conducted for those candidates who have completed Diploma in Engineering at different polytechnic institutes in the state of Maharashtra. These admissions are conducted through the Centralized Admission Process (CAP) by DTE itself. Postgraduate admissions to MIT engineering, Aurangabad are also on merit basis. The M.tech admissions are on the basis of the Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering(GATE) conducted by the seven old IITs and the IISc. Seat reservations are applicable as per the Government of Maharashtra rules MIT is a large, primarily education institute with a majority of enrollments in undergraduate and postgraduate programs. The Institute has been accredited by the AICTE Admission to this institute is highly competitive. Admission to the undergraduate courses is through the Maharashtra-Common Entrance Test (MHT-CET) for state-allocated seats (65%) and through the JEE (Joint Entrance Examination) for the all-India seats. MIT offers undergraduate and postgraduate curricula with international focuses MIT Aurangabad offers undergraduate engineering studies (B.E) in the following disciplines: The institute offers a Masters in Computer Administration degree. Marathwada Institute of Technology ] (MIT), is one of the technical institutes of"
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"MusiCares Person of the Year The MusiCares Person of the Year is an award presented annually by MusiCares (the charity arm of The Recording Academy), the same organization that distributes the Grammy Awards, to commend musicians for their artistic achievement in the music industry and dedication to philanthropy. The award's name reflects the non-profit health care organization known as MusiCares, established by the academy \"to provide health and medical assistance to needy musicians\". Chosen by the MusiCares Foundation, award recipients are honored during \"Grammy week\" (a string of galas just prior to the annual Grammy Awards ceremony) with an \"all-star\" tribute concert that helps to raise money for the foundation. From 1991 to 1993, the first three MusiCares Person of the Year awards were presented to American musicians David Crosby, Bonnie Raitt, and Natalie Cole. Cuban American singer Gloria Estefan received the award in 1994, followed by Americans Tony Bennett and Quincy Jones. Between 1997 and 2004, the award went to British musicians Phil Collins, Sir Elton John, and Sting, Italian operatic tenor Luciano Pavarotti, Americans Stevie Wonder, Paul Simon, and Billy Joel, and Irish musician Bono. A string of Americans were presented the award between 2005 and 2009—Brian Wilson, James Taylor, Don Henley, Aretha Franklin, and Neil Diamond. Canadian Neil Young received the 2010 award while Barbra Streisand, Sir Paul McCartney and Bruce Springsteen were honored in 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively. Carole King was honored in 2014 and was followed by Bob Dylan. Lionel Richie was named the 2016 honoree, followed by Tom Petty in 2017. 2018 honorees Fleetwood Mac became the first group to win the award. In 2019, Dolly Parton became the first country artist to receive the honor. Each year is linked to an article about the Annual Grammy Awards ceremony of that year. MusiCares"
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"The band's next album, Gossip was released on September 22, 2017. \n In January 2013, the band entered the studio to record its follow up to Let's Cheers to This with an estimated release date of mid-2013. On April 23, 2013, the band released a new single called \"Low\" and revealed the new album's title as Feel and release date as June 4, 2013. In support of the new album, the band will be playing Kia main stage at the Vans Warped Tour 2013. On May 21, the band released the second single from Feel, \"Alone\" Featuring Machine Gun Kelly. \n * Kellin Quinn (2010)–\"The Amazing Atom\" (At the Skylines) \n * Kellin Quinn and Jesse Lawson (2010)–\"There's a Situation @ the Shore\" (Lakeland) \n * Kellin Quinn (2010)–\"In the Face of Death\" (The Last Word) \n * Kellin Quinn (2011)–\"Airplanes Pt. 2\" (We Are Defiance feat. Tom Denney formerly of A Day to Remember) \n * Kellin Quinn (2011)–\"The Dying Hymn\" (The Color Morale, as composer) \n * Kellin Quinn (2011)–\"Bring On the Empty Horses\" (Call Us Forgotten) \n * Kellin Quinn (2011)–\"Once Upon a Time In Mexico\" (Demo Version) (Cascades) \n * Kellin Quinn (2012)–\"WeFightFail\" (Aerolyn) \n * Kellin Quinn (2012)–\"Miles Away\" (Memphis May Fire) \n * Kellin Quinn (2012)–\"Closer to Becoming a Killer\" (She Can't Breathe) \n * Kellin Quinn (2012)–\"King for a Day\" (Pierce the Veil) \n * Kellin Quinn (2012)–\"The Surface Beneath\" (Avera) \n * Kellin Quinn (2012)–\"Building Coral Castle\" (The Words We Use) \n * Kellin Quinn (2012)–\"Miles Away (acoustic)\" (Memphis May Fire) \n * Kellin Quinn (2013)–\"Swing Life Away\" (Machine Gun Kelly) \n * Kellin Quinn and Jesse Lawson (2013)–\"Swing Life Away (acoustic)\" (Machine Gun Kelly) \n * Kellin Quinn (2015)–\"Paper Planes\" (One Ok Rock) \n * Kellin Quinn (2015)-\"The Chase\" Too Close To Touch \n * Kellin Quinn (2015)–\"Into The Rest\" (Avion Roe) \n * Kellin Quinn (2016)-\"Keep Swingin' (Good Charlotte) \n\n\n * The Rise Years (2016) \n\n\n * Punk Goes Pop 4 with \"Fuck You\" (Cee Lo Green cover) \n * Warped Tour 2012 \"Tally It Up, Settle the Score\" \n * Warped Tour 2013 \"Do It Now, Remember It Later\" \n\n\n * Demo (self-released, 2009) \n\n\n On April 7, 2011, the band released \"Do It Now Remember It Later\", the first single off of the band's new album. Later in the month on April 28, the next single \"Fire\" was released. The band's second album Let's Cheers to This was released on May 10, 2011. On June 26, 2012 the band released its first Acoustic EP, If You Were a Movie, This Would Be Your Soundtrack On October 21, 2012, Sleeping With Sirens released a new single called \"Dead Walker Texas Ranger\" as a Halloween special. \n The band's first album, With Ears to See and Eyes to Hear, was released on March 23, 2010. Debuted at number 7 on Billboard's Top Heatseekers chart, and at number 36 on Top Independent Albums. The album spawned three singles. One of those singles, \"If I'm James Dean, You're Audrey Hepburn\" earned the band much recognition. \n On October 16, 2013, guitarist Jesse Lawson announced his departure from the band, citing his desire to spend more time with his family and start a new musical venture. After Lawson's amicable departure the band tapped Nick Martin (formerly of D.R.U.G.S. and Underminded) to fill in on guitar on the band's upcoming UK/EU Feel tour. \n Sleeping with Sirens is an American rock band from Orlando, Florida currently residing in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The band was formed in 2009 by members of For All We Know and Paddock Park. The group is currently signed to Warner Bros. Records and have released four full-length albums and an acoustic EP. They rose to fame by their song \"If I'm James Dean, You're Audrey Hepburn\" which is the lead single from their debut album With Ears to See and Eyes to Hear which released in 2010. The group's third album Feel debuted at No. 3 on the US Billboard 200, and a fourth album entitled Madness was released on March 17, 2015 through Epitaph Records and spawned the single \"Kick Me\". Their fifth studio album, Gossip, was released on September 22, 2017 on Warner Bros. Records. The group is known primarily for the versatility of vocalist Kellin Quinn's leggero tenor vocal range, along with the heavy sound used on their early work and the pop influences they used later into their career. \n Current members \n\n * Kellin Quinn–lead vocals, keyboards (2009–present) \n * Gabe Barham–drums, percussion (2009–present) \n * Justin Hills–bass guitar, backing vocals (2009–present) \n * Jack Fowler–lead guitar, programming (2010–present) \n * Nick Martin–rhythm guitar, vocals (2013–present) \n\n\n\nTouring members \n\n * Alex Howard-backing vocals, rhythm guitar, keyboards (2014–present) \n\n| \n\nFormer members \n\n * Brian Calzini–lead vocals (2009) \n * Dave Aguliar–rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2009) \n * Paul Russell–bass guitar (2009) \n * Alex Kaladjian–drums, percussion (2009) \n * Brandon McMasters–lead guitar, backing vocals (2009–2010) \n * Nick Trombino–rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2009–2010) \n * Jesse Lawson–rhythm guitar, vocals (2010–2013) \n\n \n---|---\n * Live and Unplugged (Epitaph, 2016) \n\n\n Sleeping with Sirens \n--- \nSleeping with Sirens performing at the SM City North EDSA Skydome in the Philippines \nBackground information \nOrigin | Orlando, Florida, U.S. \nGenres | \n\n * Post-hardcore \n * pop rock \n * metalcore \n * alternative rock \n\n \nYears active | 2009–present \nLabels | \n\n * Rise \n * Epitaph \n * Warner Bros. \n\n \nAssociated acts | \n\n * Underminded \n * Pierce the Veil \n * For All We Know \n * Broadway \n * We Are Defiance \n * Conditions \n * Palisades \n\n \nWebsite | sleepingwithsirens.net \nMembers | \n\n * Kellin Quinn \n * Justin Hills \n * Gabe Barham \n * Jack Fowler \n * Nick Martin \n\n \nPast members | \n\n * Brandon McMaster \n * Brian Calzini \n * Paul Russell \n * Alex Kaladjian \n * Dave Aguliar \n * Nick Trombino \n * Jesse Lawson \n\n\n On July 6, 2014 the band released pictures of the band members in the studio recording new music with John Feldmann. On July 21, 2014 the band announced that it would be headlining a world tour alongside Pierce the Veil, with supporting acts Beartooth and This Wild Life. On August 8, 2014 the band members announced that the band had parted ways with Rise Records and working on as an independent band. However, on November 10, 2014 it was announced on Alternative Press that the band signed to Epitaph Records and released a new single called \"Kick Me\". The band followed the release of \"Kick Me\", with its single \"We Like It Loud\", on New Year's Day. It was available for free download for twenty four hours through the band's website \n On August 4, the band announced that it would be headlining a tour titled the Feel This Tour in support of the album Feel. Memphis May Fire, Breathe Carolina, Issues, and Our Last Night will be supporting the tour on selected dates. \n Year | Album | Label | Chart peaks | Sales \n---|---|---|---|--- \nUS 200 | US Indie | US Hard Rock | US Heat | AUS | UK \n| With Ears to See and Eyes to Hear | Rise | \\-- | 36 | \\-- | 7 | \\-- | \\-- | \n2011 | Let's Cheers to This | 78 | 13 | 5 | \\-- | \\-- | \\-- | \n2013 | Feel | | | | \\-- | 14 | 36 | \n\n * US:180,000 \n\n \n2015 | Madness | Epitaph | 13 | \\-- | \\-- | \\-- | 13 | 26 | \n2017 | Gossip | Warner Bros. | 38 | \\-- | \\-- | \\-- | 64 | \\-- | \n``–'' denotes a release that did not chart. \n * If You Were a Movie, This Would Be Your Soundtrack (Rise, 2012) (No. 17 Billboard 200)",
"* US:180,000 \n\n \n2015 | Madness | Epitaph | 13 | \\-- | \\-- | \\-- | 13 | 26 | \n2017 | Gossip | Warner Bros. | 38 | \\-- | \\-- | \\-- | 64 | \\-- | \n``–'' denotes a release that did not chart. \n * If You Were a Movie, This Would Be Your Soundtrack (Rise, 2012) (No. 17 Billboard 200) \n\n\n Year | Title | Album \n---|---|--- \n| \"You Kill Me (In a Good Way)\" | With Ears to See and Eyes to Hear \n\"If I'm James Dean, You're Audrey Hepburn\" \n\"With Ears to See, and Eyes to Hear\" \n2011 | \"Do It Now Remember It Later\" | Let's Cheers to This \n\"Fire\" \n\"If You Can't Hang\" \n\"A Trophy Father's Trophy Son\" \n2012 | \"Stomach Tied In Knots\" | If You Were a Movie, This Would Be Your Soundtrack \n\"Roger Rabbit\" \n\"Don't You Ever Forget About Me\" \n\"Dead Walker Texas Ranger\" | Non-album single \n2013 | \"Low\" | Feel \n\"Alone\" (featuring MGK) \n\"Congratulations\" (featuring Matty Mullins) \n2014 | \"Kick Me\" | Madness \n2015 | \"We Like It Loud\" \n\"Go Go Go\" \n\"The Strays\" \n\"Better Off Dead\" \n2017 | \"Legends\" | Gossip \n Year | Title | Director (s) \n---|---|--- \n2009 | \"If I'm James Dean, You're Audrey Hepburn\" | Caleb Mallery \n| \"With Ears to See and Eyes to Hear\" | Sam Link \n2011 | \"If You Can't Hang\" | Thunder Down Country \n2012 | \"Do It Now Remember It Later\" | Izzy Campos \n\"Roger Rabbit\" | Drew Russ \n2013 | \"Alone (feat. MGK)\" | Sitcom Soldiers \n\"Congratulations (feat. Matty Mullins)\" | Drew Russ \n2014 | \"Kick Me\" | Sitcom Soldiers \n2015 | \"Go Go Go\" | Sean Garcia \n\"The Strays\" | Sitcom Soldiers \n\"Better Off Dead\" | Sitcom Soldiers \n2016 | \"Gold\" | \n The band's music has been described as post-hardcore, pop rock, alternative rock and metalcore."
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"1995 ATP Tour The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF). This is the complete schedule of events on the 1995 ATP Tour, with player progression documented from the quarterfinals stage. Players and singles titles won, listed in alphabetical order: The following players won their first title: 1995 ATP Tour The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF). This is the complete schedule of events on the 1995 ATP Tour, with player"
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"Terry Turner Terrance Lamont Turner (February 28, 1881 – July 18, 1960), nicknamed \"Cotton Top\", was an American professional baseball infielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1901 to 1919 for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Cleveland Naps / Indians, and Philadelphia Athletics. Listed at , 149 lb., Turner was basically a line-drive hitter and a fearless base stealer. Because normal slides hurt his ankles, he pioneered the use of the head-first slide. As a fielder, he spent most of his playing time between shortstop and third base. He also broke up three no-hitters and spoiled a perfect game effort by Chief Bender after receiving a fourth-inning walk. In 1904 Turner started a long tenure with Cleveland that lasted 15 years, appearing in a team-record 1,619 games. He hit a career-high .308 in 1912, and from 1906 to 1911 averaged 25.5 steals in each season, with a career-high 31 in 1910. On the field, he led the American League shortstops in fielding percentage four times. He also ranks among the top 10 Cleveland players in seven different offensive categories and still the team-mark in putouts with 4,603. For over seventy-seven years, Turner also held the Indians' team record for the most career stolen bases with 254. His record was broken by Kenny Lofton in 1996, and has since also been surpassed by Omar Vizquel, who did so in 2003. In a 17-season career, Turner was a .253 hitter (1499-for-5921) with eight home runs and 528 RBI in 1659 games, including 699 runs, 207 doubles, 77 triples, and 256 stolen bases. Turner died in Cleveland, Ohio, at the age of 79. He was buried at Knollwood Cemetery in Mayfield Heights, Ohio. In 2001, he was selected to the 100 Greatest Indians Roster, as part of the club's 100th Anniversary Celebration. Terry"
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"Alden House (Bentonville, Arkansas) The Alden House is a historic house in a rural part of southern Bentonville, Arkansas. It stands in an agricultural area north and west of the community of Osage Mills. It is a 1-1/2 story wood frame structure, most notable for a single-story porch, which wraps around three sides of the house. The main entrance is located in the beveled northwest corner of the building. The house, built c. 1900 by the son of Filo Alden, a leading local farmer of the time, has a distinctive combination of Colonial Revival and Eastlake Victorian features. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. Alden House (Bentonville, Arkansas) The Alden House is a historic house in a rural part of southern Bentonville, Arkansas. It stands in an agricultural area north and west of the community of Osage Mills. It is a 1-1/2 story wood frame structure, most notable for a single-story porch, which wraps around three sides of the house. The main entrance is located in the beveled northwest corner of the building. The house, built c. 1900 by the son of Filo Alden, a leading local farmer of the time, has a"
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"Cleveland Robinson Cleveland Lowellyn \"Cleve\" Robinson (December 12, 1914 – August 23, 1995) was an American labor organizer, and civil rights activist. He was a key figure in the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom for which he acted as the Chairman of the Administrative Committee. Cleveland Robinson was born in Swabys Hope, in Manchester, Jamaica. After serving as a local constable and an elementary school teacher, he emigrated to the U.S. in 1944. When he arrived he took a job in a Manhattan dry goods store and very soon became active in District 65. In 1947 he owned his own shop; he went on to become a steward, and then a full-time organizer for the union. He was elected vice-president in 1950 and later in 1952 became secretary-treasurer. He held that position until he retired in 1992. When District 65 was affiliated with the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Workers Union, Robinson held the positions of international vice-president and executive board member of that union. After disagreements with the retail, wholesale and department store workers union District 65 pulled out and organized the National Council of Distributive Workers of America and Robinson was elected president of the new body. In 1981, District 65 was affiliated with the United Auto Workers. At that time the union had 33,000 members in 37 states, Canada and Puerto Rico. Robinson was a stalwart of the civil rights movement. In 1957, he participated in the Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom. He was the chairman and one of the key organizers of the August 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In September 1972, he helped to found the Coalition of Black Trade Unionists (CBTU), successor organization to the Negro American Labor Council (NALC), and served as its first vice-president. Robinson suffered from glaucoma for many years, and was legally blind in 1970. His level of commitment and activity was in no way impaired by this disability. He never lost touch with his Jamaican origins and traveled to the island often, keeping up a keen interest in a number of Jamaican-American political, cultural and fraternal organizations. Robinson died of kidney failure in New York City in August 1995. His papers are held by the Tamiment Library & Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives, New York University. His first wife was Sue Eliza Robinson, they had two sons and a daughter. When she died in 1976, he married Doreen Mcpherson Robinson. Cleveland Robinson Cleveland Lowellyn \"Cleve\" Robinson (December 12, 1914 – August 23, 1995) was an American labor organizer, and civil rights activist. He was a key figure in the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom for which he acted as the Chairman of the Administrative Committee. Cleveland Robinson was born in Swabys Hope, in Manchester, Jamaica. After serving as a local constable and an elementary school teacher, he emigrated to the U.S. in 1944. When he arrived he took a job in a Manhattan dry goods store and very soon became active"
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"Children of the Sun (Tinie Tempah song) \"Children of the Sun\" is a song by English rapper Tinie Tempah, featuring additional vocals from Swedish singer John Martin. It was released on 25 October 2013 as the second single from Tempah's second studio album \"Demonstration\" (2013). The track was produced by Eshraque \"iSHi\" Mughal, who also wrote Tinie's hits \"Written in the Stars\", \"Invincible\", \"Game Over\" and \"Angels & Stars\". The song reached number six in the UK Singles Chart. The lyrics video for \"Children of the Sun\" premiered on Tinie Tempah's YouTube channel on 18 September 2013. The official video, directed by Jon Jon Augustavo premiered on 22 September 2013 with John Martin in the video, at a total length of five minutes and twenty seconds. Children of the Sun (Tinie Tempah song) \"Children of the Sun\" is a song by English rapper Tinie Tempah, featuring additional vocals from Swedish singer John Martin. It was released on 25 October 2013 as the second single from Tempah's second studio album \"Demonstration\" (2013). The track was produced by Eshraque \"iSHi\" Mughal, who also wrote Tinie's hits \"Written in the Stars\", \"Invincible\", \"Game Over\" and \"Angels & Stars\". The song reached number six"
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"Water diplomacy Water diplomacy focuses on establishing novel solutions founded on a scientific basis and sensitive to societal constraints to a wide range of water problems. Tools of water diplomats include environmental policy, water management strategy, and engineering solutions and are applied within the context of the individual water problem at the appropriate scale. Water problems involve stakeholders such as agriculture and industry, urban developers and environmental conservationists competing for the limited and common resource of available water. These problems also cross physical, disciplinary, and jurisdictional boundaries. Because of these competing needs and objectives, it is difficult to find acceptable solutions to water problems. The “Water 2100” approach, differing from other tools used in water politics and traditional diplomacy, is to examine problems as an interconnected grouping of natural and societal domains in which competition and feedbacks occur between variables. The natural constraints of quantity, quality, and ecosystem needs interact with societal domain variables including social values/norms, economy, and governance. This “Water 2100” approach seeks to synthesize scientific and contextual water knowledge into actionable solutions through formulating/framing water problems as questions that can be used to negotiate solutions appropriate to the context and stakeholders for each water dispute. Water diplomacy"
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"1954–55 French Rugby Union Championship The 1954-55 French Rugby Union Championship of first division was contested by 48 clubs divided into six pools of eight. The five better of each pool and the two better sixths (for a sum of 32 clubs) were qualified to play a \"single match play-off\" tournament. Previously the FFR created three divisions: Nationale (or first division), Fédérale (second division) and Excellence (third division). The Championship of first division was won by the Perpignan that defeated Lourdes in the final. It was the sixth won by Perpignan. The 1955 Five Nations Championship was won by Wales and France with some points. The Challenge Yves du Manoir was won by Perpignan that defeated Mazamet in the final. In bold the qualified for \"last 32\" round In bold the clubs qualified for The \"last 16\". In bold the clubs qualified for the quarter of finals. In bold the clubs qualified for the semifinals. The match was played at the Parc Lescure that host the final of French Championship for the first time. 1954–55 French Rugby Union Championship The 1954-55 French Rugby Union Championship of first division was contested by 48 clubs divided into six pools of eight. The"
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"Vardim Rocks Vardim Rocks (, ‘Skali Vardim’ ska-'li 'var-dim) are a group of rocks situated on the south side of Hell Gates, facing Devils Point in the southwest extremity of Byers Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Extending in east-west direction. The two principal islets in the group, Demon and Sprite, are extending and respectively, with surface area of the former . The area was visited by early 19th century sealers. The group includes the small islands of \"Demon\" (), \"Sprite\" (), and \"Imp\" (). The rocks are named after the village of Vardim and the neighboring Vardim Island which is located on the Danube River in northern Bulgaria. Demon, Sprite and Imp islands are so named to reflect their proximity to Devils Point. Vardim Rocks are located at (British mapping in 1968, detailed Spanish mapping in 1992, and Bulgarian mapping in 2005, 2009 and 2010. Vardim Rocks Vardim Rocks (, ‘Skali Vardim’ ska-'li 'var-dim) are a group of rocks situated on the south side of Hell Gates, facing Devils Point in the southwest extremity of Byers Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Extending in east-west direction. The two principal islets in"
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"Cumberland County, New Jersey Cumberland County is a county located in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2017 Census estimate, the county's population was 152,538, making it the state's 16th-largest county, representing a 2.8% decrease from the 156,898 enumerated at the 2010 United States Census, in turn increasing by 10,460 (+7.1%) from the 146,438 counted in the 2000 Census, retaining its position as the state's 16th-most populous county. Its county seat is Bridgeton. Cumberland County is named for Prince William, Duke of Cumberland. The county was formally created from portions of Salem County as of January 19, 1748. This county is part of the Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Delaware Valley Combined Statistical Area. According to the 2010 Census, the county had a total area of , including of land (71.4%) and of water (28.6%). Cumberland is a low-lying, generally featureless coastal county, with many salt marshes near the Delaware Bay. The highest elevation is at one of 12 areas in Upper Deerfield Township that stand approximately above sea level; the lowest elevation is sea level. \"across Delaware Bay; no land border\" As of the 2000 United States Census there were 146,438 people, 49,143 households, and 35,186 families residing in the county. The population density was 299 people per square mile (116/km²). There were 52,863 housing units at an average density of 108 per square mile (42/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 65.88% White, 20.20% Black or African American, 0.97% Native American, 0.95% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 9.08% from other races, and 2.85% from two or more races. 19.00% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Among those residents listing their ancestry, 15.6% of residents were of Italian, 12.1% German, 10.7% Irish and 8.4% English ancestry according to Census 2000. There were 49,143 households out of which 34.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.70% were married couples living together, 17.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.40% were non-families. 23.60% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.19. In the county, the population was spread out with 25.40% under the age of 18, 8.50% from 18 to 24, 31.20% from 25 to 44, 21.90% from 45 to 64, and 13.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 104.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.50 males. The median income for a household in the county was $39,150, and the median income for a family was $45,403. Males had a median income of $35,387 versus $25,393 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,376. About 11.3% of families and 15.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.1% of those under age 18 and 12.9% of those age 65 or over. Cumberland County is governed by a Board of Chosen Freeholders consisting of seven members. Each Freeholder is assigned responsibility for one of the County's departments. These individuals are elected at large by the citizens of Cumberland County in partisan elections and serve staggered three-year terms in office, with either two or three seats coming up for election each year in a three-year cycle. In 2016, freeholders were paid $15,000 and the freeholder director was paid an annual salary of $16,000. , members of the Cumberland County Board of Chosen Freeholders (with party affiliation, residence and term-end year listed in parentheses) are: Then-Freeholder Director Bill Whelan, whose term was to run to December 2014, announced in July 2013 that he was resigning from office. Later that month, Joe Derella was chosen to replace Whelan as director, while the vacant seat was filled by Vineland resident Carlos Mercado. Freeholder Louis N. Magazzu, whose term was to expire in 2012, announced his resignation in August 2011. Pursuant to Article VII Section II of the New Jersey State Constitution, each county in New Jersey is required to have three elected administrative officials known as \"constitutional officers.\" These officers are the County Clerk and County Surrogate (both elected for five-year terms of office) and the County Sheriff (elected for a three-year term). Cape May's Constitutional offers are: The Cumberland County Prosecutor is Jennifer Webb-McRae of Vineland. First nominated by Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine in January 2010, Webb-McRae was nominated for a second five-year term by Chris Christie in November 2016 and sworn into office after confirmation in January 2017. Cumberland County is a part of Vicinage 15 of the New Jersey Superior Court (along with Gloucester County and Salem County), seated in Woodbury in Gloucester County; the Assignment Judge for the vicinage is Benjamin C. Telsey. The Cumberland County Courthouse is in Bridgeton. The 2nd Congressional District includes all of Cumberland County. The county is part of the 1st and 3rd Districts in the New Jersey Legislature. The New Jersey Department of Corrections operates three correctional facilities in the county. They are Bayside State Prison, South Woods State Prison, and Southern State Correctional Facility. In 2007, while the state was preparing to close Riverfront State Prison in Camden, it considered establishing a fourth state prison in Cumberland County. Cumberland County tends to lean towards the Democratic party. In the 2004 U.S. Presidential election, John Kerry carried the county by a 6.6% margin over George W. Bush. Municipalities in Cumberland County (with most 2010 Census data for population, housing units and area) are: The following public-use airports are located in Cumberland County: , the county had a total of of roadways, of which were maintained by the local municipality, by Cumberland County and by the New Jersey Department of Transportation. Cumberland is served only by state and county routes. Major county routes that pass through include County Route 540, County Route 548 (only in Maurice River Township), County Route 550, County Route 552, County Route 553 and County Route 555. State routes include Route 47, Route 49, Route 55, Route 56, Route 77 and Route 347. Route 55 is the only limited access road in the county which provides access to I-76, Interstate 295, and the Philadelphia area to the north. In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Bridgeton have ranged from a low of in January to a high of in July, although a record low of was recorded in January 1985 and a record high of was recorded in July 1966. Average monthly precipitation ranged from in February to in March. Cumberland County, New Jersey Cumberland County is a county located in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2017 Census estimate, the county's population was 152,538, making it the state's 16th-largest county, representing a 2.8% decrease from the 156,898 enumerated at the 2010 United States Census, in turn increasing by 10,460 (+7.1%) from the 146,438 counted in the 2000 Census, retaining its position as the state's 16th-most populous county. Its county seat is Bridgeton. Cumberland County is named for Prince William, Duke of Cumberland. The county"
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"Kiyoshi Tanimoto Tanimoto converted to Christianity in his youth, opposed by his Buddhist father. He studied at the Candler School of Theology in Atlanta, Georgia, on an international Methodist scholarship. Ordained a minister at Emory University in 1940, he served in churches in California, Okinawa and then Hiroshima. After the war he went on extensive speaking tours of the US, raising funds for his project of a Hiroshima peace center, and for the Hiroshima Maidens. He appeared on the popular television program \"This Is Your Life\", where he and his family were placed in the uncomfortable position of meeting with Captain Robert A. Lewis, copilot of the \"Enola Gay\", which dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima. Due to these public activities he developed an unwanted reputation as a publicity seeker and attracted the attention of the US and Japanese authorities as a potential \"anti-nuke trouble-maker\". In 1972, he was interviewed by Thames Television, for the 24th episode of the acclaimed British documentary television series, \"The World at War.\" The annual Kiyoshi Tanimoto Peace Prize is named after him. Kiyoshi Tanimoto Tanimoto converted to Christianity in his youth, opposed by his Buddhist father. He studied at the Candler School of"
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"Joseph Linklater Joseph Linklater (12 March 1876 – 25 April 1961) was a Reform Party Member of Parliament. Linklater saw active service as a private in the 6th New Zealand Contingent during the Second Boer War. During World War I he was a second lieutenant in the New Zealand Services Motor-Service Corps. He was elected to the Manawatu electorate in the 1922 general election after Edward Newman retired, and held the electorate until he was defeated by Labour's Clifford Hunter in 1935. In 1935, Linklater was awarded the King George V Silver Jubilee Medal. He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire for services in connection with the supervision of disabled servicemen's farms in the 1949 New Year Honours. Linklater died at Foxton in 1961 and was buried at Kelvin Grove Cemetery, Palmerston North. Joseph Linklater Joseph Linklater (12 March 1876 – 25 April 1961) was a Reform Party Member of Parliament. Linklater saw active service as a private in the 6th New Zealand Contingent during the Second Boer War. During World War I he was a second lieutenant in the New Zealand Services Motor-Service Corps. He was elected to the Manawatu electorate in the 1922"
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"231st Combat Communications Squadron The 231st Combat Communications Squadron, District of Columbia Air National Guard, was a tenant unit of the 113th Wing based at Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, United States. The squadron used traditional military communications systems such as the Defense Switch Network (DSN), the Automated Digital Network (AUTODIN), and Defense Messaging System (DMS), as well as off-the-shelf commercial communications systems. The 231st began on 1 February 1952, when the 8205th Air Base Squadron was activated. The unit's mission was to receive, maintain, and store equipment as well as provide trained personnel for the soon-to-be formed 231st Airways and Air Communications Service (AACS) Squadron (Mobile) which was to be stationed at Camp Simms, Washington, DC). The unit was inactivated on 26 August 1952, when its personnel and equipment were transferred to the 231st AACS Sq (Mobile). On 1 July 1961, the 231st AACS Sq (Mobile) was renamed the 231st Mobile Communications Squadron. The unit kept this name until January 1966, when the unit became the 231st Mobile Communications Squadron (Bare Base). A separate 231st Flight Facilities Flight (FFF) assumed air traffic control functions. In 1968, the words \"Bare Base\" were removed from the Squadron designation, and the unit mobilized for the Pueblo Crisis. Activated for two weeks, the 231st was demobilized on 17 April of that year. In 1969, the 231st saw its first change of command when Lt. Col. Tuckerman retired and was replaced by Maj. Charles Milton. Tuckerman's 17 years as commanding officer was the longest of any commander in the history of the 231st. By 1971, the 231st had a role in both federal and state support with its participation in the DC National Guard's Task Force Blue. This mission enabled the 231st to provide civil support to the District of Columbia during times of civil disturbance or to aid the Metropolitan Police Department by being deputized for other events. The 231st took part in various civil missions, including the 1961 Nikita Khrushchev visit to the United States, the 1963 Civil Rights March. In 1972, the Flight Facilities Flight was merged into the 231st, and on 8 December 1972 the unit was inactivated and returned to the National Guard Bureau. The unit was renamed the 231st Mobile Communications Squadron (Tactical Air Base) to reflect its standalone capability. In May 1976, the word \"Mobile\" was replaced by \"Combat\" in the Squadron's official designation. That year saw another change to the Squadron's operations as it began to move from its home at Camp Simms to Andrews Air Force Base. The buildings to be occupied by the 231st began construction in July 1976, and they were completed by August 1978. The unit accomplished its first overseas deployment in 1981 when members of the squadron participated at Exercise Flintlock 81 in England. The 231st provided the Air National Guard's first radar approach control operations in 1983 at Martinsburg, and it also pioneered the Air Guard's first airspace surveillance support to Camp David beginning in 1983. In 1985, the unit was renamed the 231st Combat Information Systems Squadron. In October 1986, it was renamed again, getting its current designation, the 231st Combat Communications Squadron. At the end of the Cold War the unit began a new era of operations with Operations Desert Shield and Storm. During Operational Display Determination in 1991, the unit deployed 20 members to Turkey to support humanitarian assistance to the Kurds in Northern Iraq. In 1999 the unit again responded when the squadron received a Presidential Selective Reserve Call-Up (PSRC) for operations in the NATO Bosnia and Kosovo Campaigns. During the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the unit was active in setting up a static ground communications system to support the 113th Wing's airfield operations in establishing combat air patrols over the nation's capital. In January 2003 the unit was called by the 1st Air Force to provide communications command and control in support of the Integrated Air Defense (IAD) of the National Capital Region during the 2003 Presidential State of the Union Address. Twenty personnel from the unit volunteered to pack up 60 short tons of equipment to support Operations Enduring Freedom and . Three members of the unit were deployed into the combat theater during Operation Iraqi Freedom, while another 12 personnel worked at the Air National Guard's Crisis Action Team from 2001 to 2004 in support of Operation Noble Eagle. In 2004, the unit began to receive the new Theatre Deployable Communications gear, technology designed to transmit and receive communications anywhere in the world. The system is designed to reduce the communication problems normally associated with airlift and manpower. During Hurricane Isabel in October 2003, the unit provided equipment to the 911 Emergency Response Center in Baltimore. This was the first time that the DC Air National Guard had provided equipment support outside of the District to another State. During Hurricane Katrina in September 2005, members of the unit deployed to New Orleans and Pineville, LA to provide communications in support of recovery efforts. In 2007, the 231st Combat Communications Squadron was designated for inactivation, effective March 2008. During its lifetime, the 231st won 5 Air Force Outstanding Unit Awards. 231st Combat Communications Squadron The 231st Combat Communications Squadron, District of Columbia Air National Guard, was a tenant unit of the 113th Wing based at Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, United States. The squadron used traditional military communications systems such as the"
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"Blood Fest Blood Fest is a 2018 American comedy horror film written and directed by Owen Egerton and starring Seychelle Gabriel, Robbie Kay, and Jacob Batalon. Other cast members include Zachary Levi, Barbara Dunkelman, Nick Rutherford, and Tate Donovan. The film was released on Rooster Teeth's video on demand service and had its world premiere at the SXSW Film Festival in 2018. A young boy named Dax is watching horror movies with his mother on Halloween. When she goes to get them drinks, a deranged patient of her husband, renowned psychologist Dr. Vaughn Conway, wearing a red mask sneaks up on her and murders her. Dax finds the patient standing over his mom's body before his father rushes downstairs and shoots the patient dead. Years later, a now teenage Dax has become obsessed with horror movies as a way of coping with his fear following his mother's murder. Dax is preparing to attend Blood Fest, a horror film festival being held on a massive, enclosed ranch with zones based on different types of horror films. Dr. Conway, who blames horror movies for driving his patient to kill his wife, finds Dax's tickets and Blood Fest wristband and destroys them, forbidding Dax from attending the festival. Dax's best friends Sam and Krill convince him to ask their friend Ashley, an aspiring actress, to give him an extra ticket. Ashley agrees and convinces her boyfriend Lenjamin, the director of her movie, to get Dax access to the festival. When the trio arrive at Blood Fest, Dax meets Roger Hinckley, an actor who played the killer in his favorite horror movie series \"Arbor Day\". When Dax tries to talk to him, Hinckley coldly dismisses him and his own films, disappointing Dax. The festival kicks off with its founder, horror director Anthony Walsh, greeting the audience. He gives a speech about how horror is dead, inviting everyone to help him make the ultimate horror movie. An army of chainsaw wielding psychos wearing pig masks, led by a mysterious masked person named Red, descend on the audience and begin brutally murdering everyone. Dax, Sam, and Krill realize they have no chance of getting out through the front entrance and flee into the grounds. Walsh makes his way to a control room at the top of the tower in the center of the grounds, where he and his employees are recording the entire festival to make a \"real\" horror film. Dax, Sam, and Krill hide in a storage room, where they meet up with Ashley and Lenjamin. Ashley reveals there is an exit at a warehouse at the back of the grounds that can be opened with her pass key, so the group decide to make their way through the grounds to try and escape. They enter a fake graveyard, where Lenjamin convinces Ashley to give him the pass key because he doesn't trust her or the group. Zombies suddenly crawl out of the ground, killing Lenjamin. The others run to a nearby cabin where they find Hinckley hiding. Dax kills a zombie that breaks in by hitting it in the head, discovering the zombies are real corpses being re-animated and controlled by an electrical signal. Dax and Sam fight through the horde to destroy a power box, cutting off the signal and stopping the zombies long enough for them to get away. The group, now joined by Hinckley, continue on and come upon a zone of the festival based on the \"Arbor Day\" films. They are attacked by the Arborist, the killer from the movies, and Krill becomes separated from the group. Dax, Sam, Ashley, and Hinckley hide in a high school and meet actor Zachary Levi, who is killed by the Arborist when he sneaks in, forcing the group to run. Krill, meanwhile, runs into a group of vampires, but Rain, the lead vampire, does not bite him upon sensing he is a virgin. Krill takes a flaming stake and returns to the school, and uses it to kill the Arborist and save the others. Sam finds a passage leading to the maintenance tunnels under the ranch, and convinces everyone that it will be the fastest way to make it to the exit. Once underground, they realize they are now in Tortureville, a zone of the park based on torture porn movies. Sam finds a park employee stuck in a trap and frees him, only to become trapped herself. Just as Sam is about to be ripped in half, Hinckley sacrifices himself to save her. Ashley and Krill get stuck in a bathroom, where Ashley breaks down and admits that Lenjamin had the pass key when he died. Krill comforts her and they end up having sex. The four meet back up and are chased by Red; when they hide in another room, they find a stack of explosive barrels and realize the grounds are rigged to explode. Meanwhile, Dr. Conway is at an interview for the local news. Upon noticing Dax is not there, he abruptly leaves. Walsh discovers the electronic signal preventing the monsters from leaving their zones has failed, and decides to leave it to see what happens. Dax, Sam, Krill, and Ashley make it to Clowntown, a giant circus tent full of murderous clowns, before the exit. Just before the clowns attack, the zombies suddenly rush into the tent and fight the clowns. The group tries to run, but Ashley stops when she sees a zombified Lenjamin. She manages to get the pass key from him and throw it to Krill, but is killed in the process. Dax, Sam, and Krill make it to the warehouse with the exit door, where the employee who tricked Sam is trying to escape. Krill begins hacking the door open when Rain suddenly appears. Realizing Krill is no longer a virgin, she tears his throat out. Sam kills Rain, but she and Dax are devastated when Krill dies from his injury. Dr. Conway suddenly enters through the exit door with a gun, just as Red appears and holds a knife to Sam's throat. Everyone is shocked when his father murders the employee. Red is revealed to be Dax's sister, Jayme, and Dr. Conway reveals that he is Walsh's partner and is behind everything; since he blamed horror movies for his wife's death, he decided to punish those who enjoyed horror movies by turning Blood Fest into a massacre, believing that the horrific deaths of the festival-goers will put an end to the horror genre forever. Jayme release Sam, knowing she is important to Dax, and Dr. Conway orders them both to leave before he and Jayme leave to join Walsh and finish their plan. However, one of Walsh's workers notices Dax and Sam about to leave on a monitor and, not knowing who they are, locks the exit. Dax loses hope and considers just waiting for death, but Sam convinces him to face their fears and fight their way out. They steal a truck from the warehouse and begin driving through Blood Fest to the tower. Dr. Conway is angry to learn that over two hundred of the festival-goers are still alive. Walsh decides to emit an electronic pulse that will cause everyone wearing a Blood Fest wristband to go insane and start killing each other. Dax is not affected due to not having a wristband, but Sam transforms into a mindless killing machine and attacks him, causing him to crash the truck into the tower. Dr. Conway sees Dax on the monitors and panics, activating an elevator to help Dax escape from Sam. Dax is taken up to the control room where he confronts his father and sister about what they have done. Dr. Conway shoots Walsh and tries to convince Dax that he is doing the right thing. However, Dax angrily reveals that he was never scared of horror movies, but was instead afraid of his own father after seeing him kill the patient as a child. Dax overcomes his fears and defiantly presses his head to the end of his father's gun. Dr. Conway is unable to kill Dax, but decides to set off the explosives all over the festival and kill them all. Jayme has a sudden change of heart and throws a knife into her dad's chest, sending him out of a window to his death just as the sun rises. Sam, still crazy, breaks into the room and attacks Dax, but returns to normal after Dax breaks off her wristband; the two then finally admit their feelings for the other and share a passionate kiss. Jayme apologizes to her brother for helping their",
"to convince Dax that he is doing the right thing. However, Dax angrily reveals that he was never scared of horror movies, but was instead afraid of his own father after seeing him kill the patient as a child. Dax overcomes his fears and defiantly presses his head to the end of his father's gun. Dr. Conway is unable to kill Dax, but decides to set off the explosives all over the festival and kill them all. Jayme has a sudden change of heart and throws a knife into her dad's chest, sending him out of a window to his death just as the sun rises. Sam, still crazy, breaks into the room and attacks Dax, but returns to normal after Dax breaks off her wristband; the two then finally admit their feelings for the other and share a passionate kiss. Jayme apologizes to her brother for helping their father and Walsh before escaping out the window. Exhausted and covered in blood, As Dax and Sam make their way out of the grounds, Sam wonders if any of the other attendees survived. Just as Dax suggests it is possible, the explosives go off and completely destroy Blood Fest and everything inside. A post-credits scene reveals a hand breaking out of the ruins of Blood Fest clutching Walsh's staff. After Cinedigm acquired distribution rights, the film had a one night theatrical screening on August 14, 2018, exclusively through Fathom Events. The film was released onto Digital platforms on August 31, 2018, before onto Blu-Ray and DVD on October 2, 2018. The digital release also includes footage featuring Gus Sorola that was cut from the film as a short film titled \"Gus Fest\". On August 30, 2018, Rooster Teeth released \"Mr. Leadfeet\", a short film featuring the character of Mr. Leadfeet from \"Blood Fest\". The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 62% approval rating based on 13 reviews, and an average rating of 7.6/10. Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 54 out of 100, based on 5 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews.\" In a mixed review, Frank Scheck of \"The Hollywood Reporter\" criticized the film's humor, stating, \"There are some fun moments... But the humor more often comes across as forced.\" He mainly criticized the film compared to others in the same horror-parody genre, stating, \"none of the meta-styled proceedings is particularly original\" and that \"Genre aficionados might enjoy the film to a certain degree... But that familiarity is a double-edged sword, since buffs are also more likely to get the feeling that they've seen this type of thing far too many times.\" Blood Fest Blood Fest is a 2018 American comedy horror film written and directed by Owen Egerton and starring Seychelle Gabriel, Robbie Kay, and Jacob Batalon. Other cast members include Zachary Levi, Barbara Dunkelman, Nick Rutherford, and Tate Donovan. The film was released on Rooster Teeth's video on demand service and had its world premiere at the SXSW Film Festival in 2018. A young boy named Dax is watching horror movies with his mother on"
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"Eduard Hartmann Eduard Hartmann (born 5 June 1965 in Skalica, Czechoslovakia) is a Slovak ice hockey coach and former international ice hockey goaltender. He is the elder brother of ice hockey striker Richard Hartmann. Eduard Hartmann is known primarily for his membership at the HK Dukla Trenčín, with which he won the 1993–94 season championship title. He played for HK Dukla Trenčín from 1986 to 1994 with the exception of the 1991–92 season when he was at the HC Kometa Brno. After one season with the German Eisbären Berlin in the 1994–95 season, Hartmann returned to his home club. Finally, he played for HK Spišská Nová Ves between 1996 and 1998. He took part at the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway, where his national team ranked at 6th place. In the same year, the national team was successful with him at the World Cup to advance to the Division B from the Division C after defeating Kazakhstan, Ukraine and Belarus. In total, he capped 41 times for the national team. After retiring from active playing career, he served in various posts at the HK Dukla Trenčín as coach of the junior team and manager of the youth team. In the 2008–09 season, he was appointed chairman of the board and general manager of the club. Hartmann appeared also regularly on the television channel STV as commentator for ice hockey games. Currently, he is serving as assistant coach of the Turkey women's and the head coach of the men's and men's U-20 national teams. Eduard Hartmann Eduard Hartmann (born 5 June 1965 in Skalica, Czechoslovakia) is a Slovak ice hockey coach and former international ice hockey goaltender. He is the elder brother of ice hockey striker Richard Hartmann. Eduard Hartmann is known primarily for his membership at the HK Dukla"
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"Pearce Dome Pearce Dome () is a dome shaped mountain rising to about 789 m that is snow and ice free on the north slopes and is situated about 0.5 nautical miles (0.9 km) west-northwest of Khufu Peak and 0.6 nautical miles (1.1 km) due east of Blodwen Peak, situated on the east coast of Alexander Island overlooking George VI Sound and the George VI Ice Shelf, Antarctica. The feature was referred to descriptively as The Snow Dome in scientific reports in the early 1960s, and referred to as Dome by those working in the area. Named for C.J. Pearce, a Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey Meteorologist who spent the first winter season (1961) at Fossil Bluff along with B.J. Taylor and J.P. Smith. Pearce Dome Pearce Dome () is a dome shaped mountain rising to about 789 m that is snow and ice free on the north slopes and is situated about 0.5 nautical miles (0.9 km) west-northwest of Khufu Peak and 0.6 nautical miles (1.1 km) due east of Blodwen Peak, situated on the east coast of Alexander Island overlooking George VI Sound and the George VI Ice Shelf, Antarctica. The feature was referred to descriptively as The Snow"
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"L. James Sullivan Leroy James Sullivan (born on June 27, 1933) is an American firearms inventor. Going by Jim Sullivan, he is noted as a designer of several \"scaled-down\" versions of larger firearms. Sullivan was born on June 27, 1933 in Nome, Alaska. Sullivan lived in Nome until he was seven years old, concerned that World War II would spread to Alaska, Sullivan's family moved to Seattle, Washington. Sullivan attended the public schools of Seattle, and later in Kennewick, Washington. Sullivan went on to study engineering, for two years, at the University of Washington in Seattle. Aware that he was about to be drafted to fight in the Korean War Sullivan wanted to become an Army diver, so he left the University of Washington to attend the Sparling School of Deep Sea Diving in Long Beach, California. Sullivan served in the US Army, from 1953 to 1955, although he was trained by the Army to be a telephone installer/repairman because he had civilian training, he went overseas to Korea in 1954, Sullivan was assigned by the Army to be a diver to repair oil pipelines and other facilities damaged during the US invasion of Inchon Harbor. Sullivan is largely responsible for the Ultimax 100 light machine gun. He also contributed to the Ruger M77 rifle, and the M16, Stoner 63, and Ruger Mini-14 rifles (scaled from the AR-10, Stoner 62, and M14 rifle respectively). L. James Sullivan Leroy James Sullivan (born on June 27, 1933) is an American firearms inventor. Going by Jim Sullivan, he is noted as a designer of several \"scaled-down\" versions of larger firearms. Sullivan was born on June 27, 1933 in Nome, Alaska. Sullivan lived in Nome until he was seven years old, concerned that World War II would spread to Alaska, Sullivan's family moved to"
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"Khwaja Muhammad Afzal Khwaja Muhammad Afzal was an Urdu poet in East Bengal, India. In 1875, Afzal was born into the Dhaka Nawab family. His father was Khwaja Yusuf Jan. He received formal education in English and Persian. He studied poetry under Syed Mahmud Azad, a Dhaka-based poet. Afzal wrote poetry in Urdu and Persian and used Afzal as his pen name. He wrote a Diwan, which is an Islamic traditional collection of poetry, and a number of Ghazals in Urdu. He used the Abjad writing system to publish three volumes of a history book. After the death of Khwaja Ahsanullah, he published the \"Gam-e-ma-paikar\" in the Abjad writing system. Between 1895 and 1933, he regularly kept a diary, which is now preserved in the Library of the University of Dhaka. Khwaja Muhammad Afzal Khwaja Muhammad Afzal was an Urdu poet in East Bengal, India. In 1875, Afzal was born into the Dhaka Nawab family. His father was Khwaja Yusuf Jan. He received formal education in English and Persian. He studied poetry under Syed Mahmud Azad, a Dhaka-based poet. Afzal wrote poetry in Urdu and Persian and used Afzal as his pen name. He wrote a Diwan, which is an"
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"Harry MacQuestion Harold \"Harry\" MacQuestion (March 2, 1918 – February 1987) was a career minor pro hockey goalie. In 1950 Terry Sawchuk had played 7 games as injuries replacement for goalie Harry Lumley. Sawchuk was not available for the playoffs, because he was helping AHL - Indianapolis Capitals - win the Calder Cup. Instead, Harry MacQuestion was called up as the spare goalie for the playoffs. MacQuestion never played a single NHL game, but his name was engraved on the cup with 1950 Detroit Red Wings. When the Stanley Cup was redone during 1957-58 season MacQuestion's name was left off the cup. His name can be still be seen on the original ring at the Hockey Hall of Fame. Harry MacQuestion Harold \"Harry\" MacQuestion (March 2, 1918 – February 1987) was a career minor pro hockey goalie. In 1950 Terry Sawchuk had played 7 games as injuries replacement for goalie Harry Lumley. Sawchuk was not available for the playoffs, because he was helping AHL - Indianapolis Capitals - win the Calder Cup. Instead, Harry MacQuestion was called up as the spare goalie for the playoffs. MacQuestion never played a single NHL game, but his name was engraved on the cup"
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"2016 Castrol Edge Townsville 400 The 2016 Castrol Edge Townsville 400 was a motor racing event for Supercars, held on the weekend of 8 to 10 July 2016. The event was held at the Townsville Street Circuit in Townsville, Queensland, and consisted of two races of 200 kilometres in length. It was the seventh event of fourteen in the 2016 International V8 Supercars Championship and hosted Races 14 and 15 of the season. The event was the eighth running of the Townsville 400. Triple Eight Race Engineering had a successful weekend with two of its drivers, Jamie Whincup and Shane van Gisbergen, finishing first and second in Race 14. Van Gisbergen won Race 15 while Whincup finished fourth. As a result, Van Gisbergen moved into second place in the championship, 53 points behind Whincup. Defending series champion Mark Winterbottom finished third in both races, while James Courtney scored his first podium finish since the Clipsal 500 Adelaide by finishing second in Race 15. Due to injuries sustained in a crash at the previous event in Darwin, Lee Holdsworth was unable to take part in the event. His team, Charlie Schwerkolt Racing, had originally planned to replace Holdsworth with its endurance co-driver Karl Reindler, however this change was abandoned when it was found that the team's chassis could not be repaired in time for the event. The team instead made a deal with Dunlop Series driver Kurt Kostecki, who would race for the team in his own chassis. Tim Slade ran a one-off livery at the event, with major sponsorship from Alliance Truck Parts. His team, Brad Jones Racing, also announced a new technical alliance with American engineering firm Pratt & Miller in order to improve its understanding of its cars. DJR Team Penske continued its sponsor rotation, running a Hog's Breath livery on Fabian Coulthard's car, while Nissan Motorsport ran a one-off livery on Michael Caruso's car to promote a new deal between Nissan and A-League team Melbourne City. Lucas Dumbrell Motorsport took part with mostly blank cars following a failed sponsorship deal between the team and controversial Gold Coast businessman Travers Beynon. One week prior to the event, it was announced that the Townsville 400 would remain a part of the Supercars Championship calendar until 2019. Jamie Whincup entered the event as the championship leader, 30 points ahead of his teammate Craig Lowndes, while Scott McLaughlin was third, a further 15 points behind. Two forty-minute practice sessions were held on Friday afternoon. The first was topped by David Reynolds, who set a time of 1:12.8697. Chaz Mostert and Will Davison were second and third fastest respectively. The three Triple Eight Race Engineering drivers all made mistakes during the session, with Lowndes spinning at Turn 2 and Shane van Gisbergen going off twice at Turn 6. Whincup hit the wall on the exit of Turn 3 at the end of the session, causing significant damage to his car. Whincup recovered to set the fastest time in the second session, with Mostert and Davison again finishing second and third. Qualifying for Race 14 was held on Saturday afternoon and consisted of a single 15-minute session. Whincup took his first pole position of the season, setting a time of 1:12.1443 to be fastest ahead of Van Gisbergen and James Courtney. Nick Percat was given a two-place grid penalty for blocking Aaren Russell on the run into Turn 7. Race 14 was held on Saturday afternoon and the race regulations required each car to take on at least 120 litres of fuel during the race. The top three maintained their positions at the start while Davison moved up from sixth to fourth. McLaughlin and Dale Wood made contact on the opening lap, causing damage to McLaughlin's car and forcing him to pit for repairs. He later rejoined the race two laps off the lead. On lap 2, Slade was spun by Rick Kelly at Turn 11. Both drivers stopped on the track and Percat ran into the back of Kelly, who was given a drive-through penalty for causing the incident. Cameron Waters was the first driver to make a pit stop, doing so on lap 9. Courtney made his first pit stop on lap 13, followed by Van Gisbergen on lap 14 and Whincup on lap 16. Following the first round of pit stops, Whincup led from Van Gisbergen, Courtney, Mostert and Winterbottom. The second round of pit stops began on lap 35 when Slade and James Moffat completed their second stops. Whincup and Courtney stopped on lap 40, while Van Gisbergen stayed out for an extra lap. Van Gisbergen was then engaged in a close battle with Mostert, who had moved ahead of Courtney. Mostert passed Van Gisbergen on lap 47 before the latter was able to take back second place on lap 55. Kostecki hit the wall at Turn 10 on lap 51, leaving his car with damage that would take his team several laps to repair. Mostert was passed by Winterbottom on lap 59 before the safety car was deployed on lap 64 to allow Percat's car to be retrieved. Percat had suffered a steering failure and he hit the wall before stopping at Turn 7. With Van Gisbergen having to pass the lapped cars of Tim Blanchard and Chris Pither when the race restarted on lap 69, Whincup was able to win by over three seconds. Winterbottom finished third ahead of Mostert, while Davison took fifth place from Courtney on the run to the finish line. Courtney's teammate Garth Tander finished seventh after starting from 20th. The result saw Whincup extend his championship lead to 83 points, with Van Gisbergen moving into second place ahead of Winterbottom. Qualifying for Race 15 consisted of a 20-minute session on Sunday morning followed by a top ten shootout for the fastest ten qualifiers in the afternoon. Van Gisbergen set the fastest time in the qualifying session ahead of Whincup and Winterbottom. Davison, Lowndes, McLaughlin, Mostert, Reynolds, Scott Pye and Tander also progressed to the top ten shootout. Jason Bright made contact with Moffat at Turn 2, damaging the latter's steering. Bright was found guilty of careless driving and was given a three-place grid penalty for Race 15. Kostecki was given a two-place grid penalty for impeding Slade. The top ten shootout saw each of the ten drivers complete one flying lap each, in reverse order of their qualifying positions. Tander was the first driver to complete his lap and set a time of 1:13.1274, which was narrowly beaten by Pye. Reynolds improved on Pye's time by nearly half a second, setting a time of 1:12.6286, which Mostert and McLaughlin were both unable to beat. Lowndes then went fastest with a time of 1:12.5102, before Winterbottom eclipsed this by one tenth of a second. Neither Whincup nor Van Gisbergen were able to match Winterbottom's time and they qualified third and fourth respectively, behind Lowndes. Race 15 was held on Sunday afternoon and the race regulations required each car to take on at least 120 litres of fuel during the race. Reynolds made the best start and moved from fifth to second in the opening lap, behind Winterbottom and ahead of Whincup and Van Gisbergen. Slade and Todd Kelly both entered the pit lane at the end of the first lap after making contact with each other and Rick Kelly at the start and incurring damage. After locking a brake and damaging one of his front tyres, Van Gisbergen was the first driver to make a scheduled pit stop, doing so on lap 12. Winterbottom stopped on lap 14, followed by Reynolds one lap later, while Whincup stayed out until lap 24. Running longer on older tyres hurt Whincup's times and he rejoined the race in twelfth place, while Winterbottom continued to lead from Van Gisbergen and Reynolds. Kostecki crashed on lap 30 due to a mechanical failure, leading to the deployment of the safety car and triggering the second round of pit stops. Winterbottom maintained the lead ahead of Van Gisbergen and Reynolds, while Whincup moved up to fourth place having needed less fuel than other drivers in the second pit stop. The race was restarted on lap 37 and Van Gisbergen took the lead one lap later,",
"and damaging one of his front tyres, Van Gisbergen was the first driver to make a scheduled pit stop, doing so on lap 12. Winterbottom stopped on lap 14, followed by Reynolds one lap later, while Whincup stayed out until lap 24. Running longer on older tyres hurt Whincup's times and he rejoined the race in twelfth place, while Winterbottom continued to lead from Van Gisbergen and Reynolds. Kostecki crashed on lap 30 due to a mechanical failure, leading to the deployment of the safety car and triggering the second round of pit stops. Winterbottom maintained the lead ahead of Van Gisbergen and Reynolds, while Whincup moved up to fourth place having needed less fuel than other drivers in the second pit stop. The race was restarted on lap 37 and Van Gisbergen took the lead one lap later, passing Winterbottom at the final corner. Percat retired from the race on lap 41 with another steering failure. Triple Eight Race Engineering had fitted the wrong rear tyres on Lowndes' car during his second pit stop and as a result he dropped from sixth place on lap 47 to 17th ten laps later, before stopping for a tyre change on lap 58. The safety car was deployed on lap 62 after Andre Heimgartner stopped on the circuit and most of the drivers outside the top six took the opportunity to stop and fit fresh tyres. The race restarted on lap 65 with Van Gisbergen leading Winterbottom, Whincup, McLaughlin and Reynolds, while Courtney was ninth and the highest placed of those who had stopped. Courtney passed both Moffat and Tander on lap 65 and he continued to move forwards in the closing laps, passing Whincup for third on lap 69. Van Gisbergen had built enough of a gap to take victory, but Winterbottom was passed by Courtney on the run to the finish line. Whincup and McLaughlin finished fourth and fifth, while sixth through to tenth place were filled by drivers who had taken on new tyres: Waters, Pye, Caruso, Bright and Lowndes. Whincup maintained the championship lead, which was cut to 53 points over Van Gisbergen with Winterbottom a further 22 points behind in third. The Holden Racing Team was fined A$3000 and penalised 30 Teams' Championship points after a wheel nut rolled across the pit lane in Tander's first pit stop. 2016 Castrol Edge Townsville 400 The 2016 Castrol Edge Townsville 400 was a motor racing event for Supercars, held on the weekend of 8 to 10 July 2016. The event was held at the Townsville Street Circuit in Townsville, Queensland, and consisted of two races of 200 kilometres in length. It was the seventh event of fourteen in the 2016 International V8 Supercars Championship and hosted Races 14 and 15 of the season."
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"Patratu (community development block) Patratu (community development block) is an administrative division of Ramgarh district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Patratu is located at . It has an average elevation of . Patratu CD Block covers an area of 80,059.30 acres, out of which 25,524.78 acres is forest area. Rivers passing through Patratu CD Block are Damodar and Kankani. As per 2011 Census of India Patratu CD Block had a total population of 247,841, of which 92,822 were rural and 155,019 were urban. There were 129,469 males and 118,372 females. Scheduled Castes numbered 31,911 and Scheduled Tribes numbered 64,643. Patratu, Saunda, Jainagar, Hesla, Balkundra, Lapanga and Barkakana are census towns in Patratu CD Block. As per 2011 census the total number of literates in Patratu CD Block was 160,860 out of which 93,705 were males and 67,101 were females. Coal mines under the Barka Sayal area of Central Coalfields Limited are in Patratu CD Block. Projects in the Barka Sayal area of Central Coalfields Limited (as in 2015) were: Bhurkunda open cast and underground, Central Saunda UG, Saunda D UG, Saunda UG, Sayal D UG, Urimari UG & OC and North Urimari/ Birsa OC. Amongst the industries in Patratu CD Block are Patratu Thermal Power Station and Indo-Asahi Glass Company. Patratu (community development block) Patratu (community development block) is an administrative division of Ramgarh district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Patratu is located at . It has an average elevation of . Patratu CD Block covers an area of 80,059.30 acres, out of which 25,524.78 acres is forest area. Rivers passing through Patratu CD Block are Damodar and Kankani. As per 2011 Census of India Patratu CD Block had a total population of 247,841, of which 92,822 were rural and 155,019 were urban. There were 129,469 males and"
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"Jamil Jean-Jacques Jamil Jean-Jacques (born February 10, 1975) is a Haitian footballer (defender) playing currently for USL First Division side Miami FC. Jean-Jacques started his career at Racing Club Haïtien and only moved abroad to Miami FC at age 31. Jamil currently plays for Palmeiras FC of the Florida Elite Soccer League, FESL. He made his debut for Haiti in a March 2000 friendly match against El Salvador, but he has not been a regular member of the national team, though, since he only collected a mere 12 caps. He did play in the September 2006 CONCACAF Gold Cup qualifying matches. He then was a squad member at the 2007 Gold Cup Finals but only played one game, coming on as a substitute against Canada. Jamil Jean-Jacques Jamil Jean-Jacques (born February 10, 1975) is a Haitian footballer (defender) playing currently for USL First Division side Miami FC. Jean-Jacques started his career at Racing Club Haïtien and only moved abroad to Miami FC at age 31. Jamil currently plays for Palmeiras FC of the Florida Elite Soccer League, FESL. He made his debut for Haiti in a March 2000 friendly match against El Salvador, but he has not been a regular"
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"Benjamin Stratford, 4th Earl of Aldborough Benjamin O'Neale Stratford, 4th Earl of Aldborough (1746 – 11 July 1833) styled The Honourable from 1763 until 1823, was an Irish peer and politician of the Noble House of Stratford. He was the fourth son of John Stratford, 1st Earl of Aldborough and his wife Martha O'Neale, daughter of Venerable Benjamin O'Neale, Archdeacon of Leighlin, and a younger brother of Edward Stratford, 2nd Earl of Aldborough. In 1823, he succeeded his older brother John as earl. In 1777, Aldborough entered the Irish House of Commons for Baltinglass, the same constituency his father and his older brother has represented before, and sat as Member of Parliament until 1783. In 1790, he stood again for Baltinglass and was returned for it until the Act of Union in 1801. He was Governor of County Wicklow in 1777. On 10 January 1774, he married Martha Burton, daughter of John Burton. They had a son and three daughters. Aldborough died at Stratford Lodge and was buried at Baltinglass. He was succeeded in his titles by his only son Mason. Benjamin Stratford, 4th Earl of Aldborough Benjamin O'Neale Stratford, 4th Earl of Aldborough (1746 – 11 July 1833) styled"
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"Robert E. Lee High School (Fairfax County, Virginia) Robert E. Lee High School (Lee High School) opened in 1958 and is located in Springfield, Virginia. The school is named after Robert E. Lee, an American and Confederate soldier, best known as a commander of the Confederate States Army. He commanded the Army of Northern Virginia in the American Civil War from 1862 until his surrender in 1865. The school mascot is the Lancer. At the time the school opened, the Fairfax County school board was opposing racial integration (need citation) of its schools and the name reflected the school board's sentiments. (This is an un-sourced claim) According to the above unsourced and controversial footnote: \"In Fairfax County... they defiantly named their next two high schools after Confederate army generals—J.E.B. Stuart and Robert E. Lee.\" In the School Board meeting minutes of 5/20/1958, Lee High School was simply named \"Lee\" for the Lee district. The battle for the school name began on Dec 7th 1954, three years before construction had started and three and a half years before the school was opened and numerous articles spoke to the acrimony in the communities of Franconia and Springfield who both wanted to claim the school name for their community. This school was located on Franconia Rd, on the border of Franconia and Springfield, the area had a Springfield address, and it was in the Lee district of Virginia. In Feb 4th 1958 Meeting a local historical group suggested a compromise. The Upper Pohick Community League submitted a letter proposing that the School Board adopt a policy naming Fairfax County schools for prominent Virginians instead of by place names and that the Franconia High School be renamed something like \"Fitzhugh, Lee, etc.\" Fitzhugh Lee was suggested because he was born at the Clermont estate. Clermont elementary school is about 4 miles away. In the May 6th 1958 meeting, Mr. Solomon made a motion that all future new high schools in Fairfax County be named for some prominent American, now deceased. Mr. Solomon qualified it by stating that the \"Franconia H. S.\" is not to be included in this motion, just those under construction, or proposed. Therefore a place name was needed for this school. Fortunately both communities were in the Lee district of Virginia and a compromise was reached on a place name. In a May 8, 1958 article in the Washington Post Mr. Woodson said ...\"he is surprised and disappointed that we have this type of controversy among adults. I don't want the children coming to this school saying I'm from Springfield…I'm from Franconia…let's fight. Gangs tend to develop in communities where there is controversy. \" In a Northern Virginia Sun article dated October 8, 1958, Mr. Davis School Board member states ….\"He'd rather name a school Podunk then get into the battle like was over Lee High school.\" The article further notes that the name JEB Stuart was chosen because he had his headquarters on Munson Hill, the site of the school. The naming of High Schools in order were Lee, (for the Lee district, May 1958), Jeb Stuart and James Madison ( same meeting,Oct 7th in 1958). Thomas Edison, George Marshall, and W.T. Woodson in 1960, Thomas Jefferson in 1962. In addition nine intermediate schools were named by the exact same School Board in May 1959. Among those school names were John G. Whittier and Henry Thoreau. Regarding Fairfax County's reaction to Brown: It was not Fairfax County's choice either before or after 1954. Fairfax County Schools like most Southern Schools were under De jure segregation. After the Brown VS Board of education decision Daniel Duke who authored Education Empire wrote: \"Whether local school systems such as Fairfax County left to their own, would have moved forward to implement desegregation in the late 50's will never be known. Richmond removed any possibility of local option.\" it was recognized in court cases that it was the state who was running the show, not the county. They didn't have a choice. In the Virginia General Assembly: Delegates from Northern Virginia openly opposed the Stanley plans as well as calls for even more radical legislation. Virginia's 10th district was the only congressional district to vote against the Gray Plan. In the 2016–2017 school year, Lee High School's total enrollment was 2132, with a student body composed of 36.84% Hispanic, 25.41% Asian, 20.07% White, 14.10% Black, and 3.58% other. Lee High School has served the Springfield community since it opened in 1958. Like many schools in Fairfax County, Lee reflects the increasing diversity of its student body. Students come from 42 countries (mostly Hispanic) and speak more than 34 languages. The integration of technology into the instructional program continues to be a major initiative. The labs are equipped with computers, digital cameras, and scanners for computer graphics and photography classes, and a fully computerized CAD lab is available for technical drawing and engineering classes. Ms. Deirdre Lavery is the principal as of 2015. Lee High School has a Career Center inside the school. It is currently run by Carla McIlnay-Shaw (From the Career Center) Its goal is to provide students with college planning services through the use of computer software, videos, catalogs and visits by college representatives from state and national colleges and universities. Career planning, military options, scholarship and financial aid information are also available. Throughout the year, many special programs are presented for both parents and students. The International Baccalaureate (IB) Program is open to all 11th and 12th grade students at Lee High School and presents a \"varied and rigorous\" program of studies. IB is a comprehensive, integrated program that places as much value on the process of knowledge (teaching the student to analyze and apply knowledge) as the product (preparing the student for the content and assessments). IB courses present options for students to pursue a mixture of major interests (higher level courses) and less major interests (standard level courses). In preparation for the IB program, there is an MYP (Middle years project) in which all Sophomores at Lee have to do a project on anything they would like to learn, or do. After students have finished the project and presented it, they will then write an \"essay\" about their project that will be graded by the supervisor of their choice. Although, even after two years of this project being at Lee, the system has had many glitches and has been unfair. \"My supervisor gave me a good grade on my essay that I have worked really hard on. I was devastated to hear that the MYP coordinator decided to change my grade and give me an F\" (Anonymous). Many students were upset to hear that their grade was being completely altered by the coordinator who was not in charge of grading the essays. \"This project did not prepare me for the IB program. This project was not beneficial, but more like a burden for many students including myself. The coordinator of this project always uses 'learning how to bake better cookies' as a project example. Although, writing journal entries about how to bake good cookies will not prepare students for the IB program\" (Anonymous). Many students have brought valid points about why this project should be changed to something beneficial and more worthwhile. With the IB program offered at Lee High School, students are provided with an internationally recognized educational program which purports to provide a more rigorous and college-preparatory education. Furthermore, an advantage of taking IB courses in Lee High School is that students get a chance to receive college credit (although the more common Advanced Placement, or AP, program also provides college credit.) Getting college credit depends on the score the student gets on their IB exam, usually a 6 or 7, and the guidelines for IB transfer credit the college or university the student chooses to attend has.",
"not prepare students for the IB program\" (Anonymous). Many students have brought valid points about why this project should be changed to something beneficial and more worthwhile. With the IB program offered at Lee High School, students are provided with an internationally recognized educational program which purports to provide a more rigorous and college-preparatory education. Furthermore, an advantage of taking IB courses in Lee High School is that students get a chance to receive college credit (although the more common Advanced Placement, or AP, program also provides college credit.) Getting college credit depends on the score the student gets on their IB exam, usually a 6 or 7, and the guidelines for IB transfer credit the college or university the student chooses to attend has. International Baccalaureate has been criticized by conservative and anti-globalist organizations and commentators for its links to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and various alleged biases in the curriculum. Students are selected for membership through an application process and sometimes interviews are conducted. Candidates must meet the chapter's requirement for scholarship, service, leadership and character in order to be selected for membership. Continued participation in service projects is required to retain membership. Members must also maintain the chapter's required cumulative GPA and have a good understanding of the language, or specialty. The Student Government Association consists of elected and selected students who represent the entire student body. The objectives of the SGA are to promote school spirit, initiative and unity among the different classes and students, coordinate school activities and to provide a means of communication among administration, faculty and students. The SGA sponsors Homecoming Dance, Homecoming Elections, Powder Puff Game, Chili Cook Off, Homecoming Parade, Family Feud, The Senior vs. Faculty Basketball Game, Blizzard Blast, Mr. and Ms. Irresistible, International Night, three pep rallies (Fall, Winter, Spring), class elections and balloting among many other school activities. \"The Lance\" is Lee High School's monthly newspaper. A student-run newspaper with a staff of approximately 20, \"The Lance\" covers news and events in the school, community, and nation. \"The Lance\" won Trophy Class, the highest honor bestowed by the Virginia High School League (VHSL), in 2003–2004 and 2005–2006. \"The Shield\", Lee's yearbook, serves as an informational record, memory and historical reference for the students and faculty as well as the Lee High School's community at-large. The Shield covers academics, sports, student activities and student accomplishments with fairness and accuracy. The content is decided upon by the student staff members enrolled in Photojournalism 1, 2, and 3. Recruiting to become part of the staff typically takes place in early February when course selections are being made for the next year. Students are selected through a process that includes a written application, teacher recommendations and interviews OR through successful completion of Journalism 1. Lee's 2006–2007 edition of the yearbook was named a Pacemaker finalist. \"The Troubador\" is a literary magazine by and for the students of Robert E. Lee High School, published to promote an interest in the arts by showcasing student art and literature. The Theatre Department at Lee High School produces two mainstages a year: a fall play and a spring musical. One of the mainstage shows, is selected as the Cappies competition piece. Lancer Theatre Department also usually produces a competition piece in October to perform at the Virginia Theatre Association conference. Lancer Theatre's Thespians, troupe 362 of the International Thespian Society, produces an annual Murder Mystery dinner show in September, a Lancer Idol voice competition in December, theatre parties, fundraising, and other community events. To be part of the Thespian Honors Society one must collect 30 points in theatre, which are obtained by being in shows, seeing productions, and so on. Lancer Theatre also has a Drama Club that is open to all current and alumni Lee students. Drama Club includes theatre updates, food, fun, games, and theatre sports. Finally, Lee High School offers theatre classes, including Theatre 1–4, IB Theatre 1–2, and Technical Theatre. The marching band includes members from the top two bands, Wind Ensemble and Symphonic Band. Also referred to as the Marching Lancers, they attend all the varsity home football games, and play during the halftime show. In the 2006 year, The Lee Marching Lancers achieved a superior rating at the VBODA state marching festival, in Winchester, and later received the title of a \"Virginia Honor Band.\" A lot of speculations about marching band being a sport have gone around Lee High School. Multiple scholars and researchers have debated for years. But now it has been confirmed that it is a sport. Lee High School offers an array of sports and sporting clubs, including Football, Basketball, Soccer, Baseball, Tennis, Lacrosse, Track and Field, Swimming, Diving, Wrestling, Golf, Indoor Track, Cross Country, Marching band, Field Hockey, Softball, and Volleyball. Sports are offered at Freshmen, Junior Varsity, and Varsity levels. Lee's sports compete in Virginia's National District. Robert E. Lee High School has a successful Track and Field program. It has produced All-District, All-Region, All-State and All-American athletes. In 2007 the Lee track team came in third in the AAA Virginia State meet. Track coach Gary Powell was awarded \"Coach of the Year\" by the Washington Post in 2007. Many Lee track team athletes continue on with their Track and Field careers onto the collegiate level, including alumnus Terry Cobb (Class of 1966) and Sean Holston (Class of 2007). The Girls' Varsity Basketball team won the Northern Region title for the 2007–2008 season. The Boys' basketball team had a notable alumni Sirvaliant Brown who attended George Washington University in 2001 and was second in the nation in scoring as a freshman. The Lancer softball program has shown considerable improvement over the past 5 years. In 2015 they were ranked as high as #6 in the All-Met rankings and have made regionals the past four years in a row. (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017). Lately the only spring sport that has made it to regionals twice in the Patriot District. Lee's Tyler Spears from the Class of 2014, won the Patriot District Golf Title in October 2010, 2nd place in October 2012 and won in October 2012. He became the first Lee golfer to win the Golf title in 13 years. Overall, the Golf team won second place in the Patriot district Tournament in 2012. Robert E. Lee High School (Fairfax County, Virginia) Robert E. Lee High School (Lee High School) opened in 1958 and is located in Springfield, Virginia. The school is named after Robert E. Lee, an American and Confederate soldier, best known as a commander of the Confederate States Army. He commanded the Army of Northern Virginia in the American Civil War from"
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"Juan López Pacheco, Duke of Escalona Don Juan Pablo Francisco López Pacheco y Moscoso Acuña Manrique Silva Girón y Portocarrero, Grandee of Spain, Duke of Escalona and Lord of Garganta la Olla (Madrid, 22 March 1716 – Madrid 27 April 1751). Member of the Royal Spanish Academy since 10 June 1738, aged 22, becoming the 4th Director of the Royal Spanish Academy in 1746. was promoted to Grandee of Spain, 18 September 1750. Lieutenant General of the Spanish Royal Army, member of the Order of Santiago with several titles of Marquis and Count. He married on 10 November 1748, aged 36, with Maria Lopez Pacheco de Toledo y Portugal, (Madrid, 22 August 1729 - Madrid, 28 November 1768), 11th Countess of Oropesa, 10th Countess of Alcaudete and many other titles. He was the son of a second marriage of Mercurio Antonio López Pacheco y Benavides. Juan López Pacheco, Duke of Escalona Don Juan Pablo Francisco López Pacheco y Moscoso Acuña Manrique Silva Girón y Portocarrero, Grandee of Spain, Duke of Escalona and Lord of Garganta la Olla (Madrid, 22 March 1716 – Madrid 27 April 1751). Member of the Royal Spanish Academy since 10 June 1738, aged 22, becoming the"
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"Khairpur District Khairpur District is a district in the Pakistani province of Sindh in Sukkur Division. At the 2017 census, it was the fifth most populated district in the province after four districts of Karachi city, with 2.4 million inhabitants. The headquarters of the district is the city of Khairpur. The district is further divided into eight sub-districts:Khairpur Taluka, Mirwah Taluka, Kot Diji Taluka, Kingri Taluka, Sobho Dero Taluka, Gambat Taluka, Faiz Ganj Taluka and Nara Taluka. Khairpur district is located between middle and northern Sindh. It is bounded on the north by Shikarpur District and Sukkur District, on the east by India, on the south by Sanghar District and Nawabshah District, and on the west by Larkana District, Naushahro Feroze District and Indus River. The revised area of the district is 15,910 km². According to the 2017 Census of Pakistan, the district had a population of 2.4 million, of which % was urban. Following are the demographic indicators of the district: It has 8 talukas, 76 Union councils, 11 towns, 6800 Villages and total population 1546587 (Male 810448 and Female Population 736139) according to (Census) 1998. .Tehsils or Talukas of District Khairpur There are eight Tehsils of Talukas of district Khairpur they are Taluka Faiz Gunj Taluka Gambat Khairpur Taluka Taluka Kingri Taluka Kot Diji Nara Taluka Taluka Sobho Dero Taluka Thari Mir wah Union Council No. UC No. 1 Tandu Masti... UC No. 2 Khan pur... UC No. 3 Machyoon... UC No. 4 Hajna Shah... UC No. 5 Shadi Shaheed ... UC No. 6 Bugro... UC No. 7 Gujo... UC No. 8 Shah Ladhani... UC No. 9 Mehr Ali... UC No. 10 Peer Mangion... UC No. 11 Shah Bhangio ... UC No. 12 Ubhri ... UC No. 13 Noor Pur... UC No. 14 Peer Badal... UC No. 15 Hadal Shah... UC No. 16 SadarJi Bhatyoon... UC No. 17 Manghanwari ... UC No. 18 Rahooja Meer ... UC No. 19 Mohial ... UC No. 20 Kot Meer Muhammad... UC No. 21 Ulra ... UC No. 22 Wada Mahesar... UC No. 23 Drib Mehar Shah... UC No. 24 Kolab Jial... UC No. 25 Laal Bakhsh Kandhro ... UC No. 26 Bhonbhatpur... UC No. 27 Peer Hayat Shah Shah... UC No. 28 Sami ... UC No. 29 Merak ... UC No. 30 Madd ... UC No. 31 Sagyoon ... UC No. 32 Haji Abdul Kareem Kharal... UC No. 33 Sitharja Bala ... UC No. 34 Gadeji ... UC No. 35 Rasool Abad... UC No. 36 Daraza Sharif... UC No. 37 Kamal Dero... UC No. 38 Khemtia ... UC No. 39 Jadowahan... UC No. 40 Belharo... UC No. 41 Ali Muhammad Khan Sarohi abad / Village Ali Bakhsh Sarohi... UC No. 42 Razi Dero Kacho ... UC No. 43 Munawarabad ... UC No. 44 Ripri ... UC No. 45 Shaheed Naseem Ahmed Kharal / Kharalabad ,,,, UC No. 46 Raheem Bakhsh wasan... UC No. 47 Jiskani ... UC No. 48 Fateh Pur... UC No. 49 Jhando Mashaikh ... UC No. 50 Ali Muhammad Machi... UC No. 51 Talpur Wada ... UC No. 52 Baphu ... UC No. 53 Nasir Fakir... UC No. 54 Ustad Atta Muhammad Hami... UC No. 55 Muhabatwah ... UC No. 56 Layari (HussainAbad) ... UC No. 57 Goondariro... UC No. 58 Sohu... UC No. 59 Hindyari... UC No. 60 Jaffar Khan Jalalani... UC No. 61 Saniso ... UC No. 62 Mandan ... UC No. 63 Tarko ... UC No. 64 Kharirah... UC No. 65 Baqi Khan... UC No. 66 Mehar Veesar... UC No. 67 Deparja ... UC No. 68 Talee... UC No. 69 Sabar Rind... UC No. 70 Moosan Shah... UC No. 71 Peer Budhro... UC No. 72 Akri... UC No. 73 Khushkhail... UC No. 74 Kandiyari... UC No. 75 Karam Khan Kubar / Rajper... UC No. 76 Bhangu Behan... UC No. 77 Razaabad ... UC No. 78 Kot Lalu... UC No. 79 Punhal Rajper... UC No. 80 Umman Rajper ... UC No. 81 Peer Abdul Qadir Shah ... UC No. 82 Kot Jubo... UC No. 83 Dodo Faqeer Aradin ... UC No. 84 Khenwari... UC No. 85 Tajjal Shareef ... UC No. 86 Sikandarabad... Khairpur District Khairpur District is a district in the Pakistani province of Sindh"
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"Karl-Alexander Island Karl Alexander Island (), also known as Zemlya Karla-Alexandra (Земля Карла Александра), is an island in Franz Josef Land, Russia. Karl Alexander Island's length is and its maximum width is . Its area is , but very little of it is ice-free. The highest point on the island is . The southern section of the island is covered by an ice dome named \"Kupol Samoylovicha\" (Купол Самойловича). This island is part of the Zemlya Zichy subgroup of the Franz Joseph Archipelago. It is separated from Rainer Island in the east by a narrow sound and from Jackson Island in the South by a wide sound. Karl Alexander Island was named by the Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition after one of the noblemen that financed the venture, Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. This island should not be confused with Alexandra Land, also in the Franz Josef Archipelago. There are four small islets off Karl Alexander Island's northeastern shores: Karl-Alexander Island Karl Alexander Island (), also known as Zemlya Karla-Alexandra (Земля Карла Александра), is an island in Franz Josef Land, Russia. Karl Alexander Island's length is and its maximum width is . Its area is , but very little of"
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"Splintercat The splintercat (\"Felynx arbordiffisus\") is a legendary creature and fictional animal in the United States. The splintercat is a nocturnal feline animal of great ferocity. It flies through the air with terrific speed and when it hits a large tree, it knocks the branches off, withers the trunk and leaves it standing like a silvery ghost. These dead snags can be seen in many parts of the Pacific Northwest. The splinter cat performs this feat that it is named after to expose raccoons and bees. However, the act of breaking open trees with its head leaves it with a constant headache, which causes it always to be in a foul mood. Accordingly, one is advised to never approach a splintercat. \"Splintercat Creek,\" found in the northern Cascade Range of Oregon, is named after this legendary animal. The Splintercat appears in the book \"The Last of the Really Great Whangdoodles\" by Julie Andrews Edwards. This particular Splintercat answers to the Prime Minister of Whangdoodland and also enjoys playing Cat's cradle. Splintercat The splintercat (\"Felynx arbordiffisus\") is a legendary creature and fictional animal in the United States. The splintercat is a nocturnal feline animal of great ferocity. It flies through the"
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"Kanazawa Kanazawa is located in north-western Ishikawa Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan and is bordered by the Sea of Japan to the west and Toyama Prefecture to the east. The city sits between the Sai and Asano rivers. The eastern portion of the city is dominated by the Japanese Alps. Parts of the city are within the borders of the Hakusan National Park. Per Japanese census data, the population of Kanazawa has grown steadily over the past 40 years. Kanazawa has a humid continental climate (Köppen \"Cfa\") characterized by hot and humid summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. Average temperatures are slightly cooler than those of Tokyo, with means approximately in January, in April, in August, in October, and in December. The lowest temperature on record was on January 27, 1904, with a maximum of standing as a record since September 8, 1902. The city is distinctly wet, with an average humidity of 73% and 193 rainy days in an average year. Precipitation is highest in the autumn and winter; it averages more than / month November through January when the Aleutian Low is strongest, but it is above every month of the year. The area around Kanazawa was part of ancient Kaga Province. The name \"Kanazawa\" (, ), which literally means \"marsh of gold\", is said to derive from the legend of the peasant Imohori Togoro (literally \"Togoro Potato-digger\"), who was digging for potatoes when flakes of gold washed up. The well in the grounds of Kenroku-en known as to acknowledge these roots. The area where Kanazawa is was originally known as Ishiura, whose name is preserved at the Ishiura Shrine near the Kenrokuen. During the Muromachi period, as the powers of the central shōguns in Kyoto was waning, Kaga Province came under the control of the Ikkō-ikki, followers of the teachings of priest Rennyo, of the Jōdo Shinshū sect, who displaced the official governors of the province, the Togashi clan, and established a kind of theocratic republic later known as \"The Peasants' Kingdom\". Their principal stronghold was the Kanazawa Gobo, on the tip of the Kodatsuno Ridge. Backed by high hills and flanked on two sides by rivers, it was a natural fortress, around which a castle town developed. This was the start of what would become the city of Kanazawa. In 1580, during the Sengoku period, Oda Nobunaga sent Shibata Katsuie, and his general Sakuma Morimasa, to conquer the Kaga Ikko-ikki. After overthrowing the \"Peasant's Kingdom\", Morimasa was awarded the province as his fief. However, after the assignation of Oda Nobunaga, he was displaced by Maeda Toshiie, who founded Kaga Domain. At the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he sided with Tokugawa Ieyasu and thus was able to further enlarge his holdings to a massive 1.2 million \"koku\" — by far the largest feudal domain within the Tokugawa shogunate. The Maeda clan continued to rule Kaga Domain from Kanazawa Castle through the end of the Edo period. Maede Toshiie and his successors greatly enlarged Kanazawa Castle and carefully planned the layout of the surrounding jōkamachi to meet strategic and defensive concerns. On April 14, 1631, a fire consumed much of the city, including the castle. In 1632 Maeda Toshitsune ordered the construction of a canal to bring water from the upper Sai River to the castle to alleviate a water shortage problem. Water was drawn from far upstream, and channeled through kilometres of canals and pipes carefully laid at a 750:1 slope for about to the castle. The water was fed to the castle under the moat that lay between it and what is now Kenrokuen by an artesian well. The large lake in Kenrokuen, Kasumi-ga-Ike, acted as an emergency supply. Local legend has it that the lake has a plug, which could be pulled to increase the water in the moats. The series of moats were laid out in the early seventeenth century. Initially they were dry, but later connected to the rivers. The Inner Moat was dug in only 27 days, and averaged about four to five feet wide. The Outer Moat took a bit longer, and averages some six to nine feet in width. Though much of the Inner Moat has been filled in, large sections of the Outer Moat remain. The earth removed from the moat was piled into ridges along the inner side, as an added defence measure. Before the Maeda clan arrived in Kanazawa, the town had a population of only 5,000. However, thanks to Maeda efforts, that number rose quickly. By 1700, Kanazawa rivaled Rome, Amsterdam, and Madrid in size with its population of over 100,000. The Maeda summoned samurai retainers to live in Kanazawa and offered a set of incentives to attract the artisans and merchants needed to support the samurai population. Chartered merchants and artisans received economic, social, and political privileges in exchange for moving to the city: they were guaranteed business, exempt from certain taxes, and given pieces of land for shops and residences. These merchants and artisans were at the top of the chōnin, or townsman, social class. Other merchants and artisans, who made up the rest of the \"chōnin\", came without such promises. Some were first hired as servants for samurai or wealthy merchant families and decided to stay in the city even after their contracts expired, though most moved to Kanazawa for no reason other than the commercial opportunities the city presented. The government further facilitated growth by responding to the needs of these newcomers with projects like the Sai River Project. Because the Sai River split in two and the castle was located in the center, a part of the riverbed was unusable. In the 1610s, the construction project diverted the secondary stream into the main river, thus creating usable land, where four new wards opened for \"chōnin\" settlement. Some of these poorer merchants became successful enough to compete with chartered merchants for city administration positions, but many supported themselves by making and selling low cost goods, such as umbrellas and straw sandals, for mass consumption. This signifies that the commoner population of Kanazawa began to generate its own consumption demands, thus stimulating even more growth. Kanazawa flourished largely because of a mutually beneficial relationship between the \"daimyō\" and the \"chōnin\". The samurai relied on merchants and artisans for goods and services, while the \"chōnin\" were able to thrive because of the protection that the \"daimyō\" provided. Coming out of the Sengoku Period, castle towns were particularly appealing because of their security and defenses. Kanazawa's growth was indicative of a larger trend in Japan from 1580 to 1700: urbanization. In those 120 years, the population of the country nearly doubled, reaching approximately 30,000,000, and the percentage of people living in urban towns of more than 10,000 residents grew more than tenfold. Kanazawa continued to grow until 1710, when the \"chōnin\" population reached 64,987, and the city's total reached approximately 120,000. The population then stabilized. It is important to note that much of the economic and population growth in Kanazawa, as well as in other Japanese castle towns, occurred during Japan's closed country policy (\"sakoku\"). Beginning in the 1630s, Japan had little or no influence from other countries. However, this phase was clearly not a sign of backwardness or decline. The growth that Japan experienced while operating under \"sakoku\" policy was largely possible because of castle towns such as Kanazawa. They facilitated growth in a way that did not require foreign influence, thus contributing to the success and stability of Japan at the time. The vast wealth of the Maeda was channeled into arts and crafts, rather than military pursuits, and Kanazawa became the centre of the \"Million-koku Culture\", which helped ease suspicions held by the shogunate over the domain's wealth and the status of its \"daimyō\" as an \"Outer Lord\" or \"Tozama daimyō\". The third \"daimyō\" Maeda Toshitsune, formed the \"Kaga Workmanship Office\" and promoted lacquer and",
"had little or no influence from other countries. However, this phase was clearly not a sign of backwardness or decline. The growth that Japan experienced while operating under \"sakoku\" policy was largely possible because of castle towns such as Kanazawa. They facilitated growth in a way that did not require foreign influence, thus contributing to the success and stability of Japan at the time. The vast wealth of the Maeda was channeled into arts and crafts, rather than military pursuits, and Kanazawa became the centre of the \"Million-koku Culture\", which helped ease suspicions held by the shogunate over the domain's wealth and the status of its \"daimyō\" as an \"Outer Lord\" or \"Tozama daimyō\". The third \"daimyō\" Maeda Toshitsune, formed the \"Kaga Workmanship Office\" and promoted lacquer and gold-and-lacquer-work; and the fifth \"daimyō\", Maeda Tsunanori, collected works of art and artisans from all over the country. Kanazawa was one of the largest cities in Japan throughout the Edo period. Following the Meiji restoration,the modern city of Kanazawa was created on April 1, 1889 with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. The borders of the city gradually expanded by annexing neighbouring towns and villages bringing the area of the city from its initial 10.40 square kilometers to its present 468.64 square kilometers. On April 1, 1996, Kanazawa was proclaimed a Core city with increased local autonomy. Kanazawa has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 38 members. The current mayor () is Yukiyoshi Yamano an Independent. He has been the mayor of Kanazawa since December 10, 2010. The city is the seat of the Ishikawa Prefectural Assembly, and contributes 16 of the 43 members of that body. In terms of national politics, the city forms the Ishikawa 1st District with one seat in the lower house of the Diet of Japan. Kanazawa is a regional commercial centre and transportation hub for Ishikawa Prefecture. It remains noted for its traditional handicrafts industry, including the production of Kutani ware ceramics, and is a major tourist destination. Kanazawa has 58 public elementary schools operated by the city government and one public elementary school operated by the national government (associated with Kanazawa University) and one private elementary school. The city has 25 public middle schools operated by the city government, one public combined middle/high school operated by the Ishikawa Prefectural Board of Education, one public combined middle/high school operated by the national government (associated with Kanazawa University) and two private combined middle/high schools. Aside from the above combined middle/high schools, Kanazawa has 11 public high schools operated by the Ishikawa Prefectural Board of Education, one public industrial high school operated by the city government and four private high schools. Ishikawa Prefecture also operates five special education schools in Kanazawa. Kanazawa is served by the JR West Hokuriku Main Line and the Hokuriku Railroad. Since 14 March 2015, the city is also served by the Hokuriku Shinkansen, shortening the trip from Tokyo to Kanazawa to around 2 and a half hours. With the opening of the Shinkansen line in March 2015, part of the Hokuriku Main Line which was formerly operated by JR West was separated and operated by the third-sector company IR Ishikawa Railway. West Japan Railway Company (JR West) - Hokuriku Shinkansen West Japan Railway Company (JR West) - Hokuriku Main Line IR Ishikawa Railway The nearest airport is Komatsu Airport in the city of Komatsu. Kanazawa was one of the few major Japanese cities to be spared destruction by air raids during World War II, and as a result, much of Kanazawa's considerable architectural heritage has been preserved. Kenrokuen Garden is by far the most famous part of Kanazawa. Originally built as the outer garden of Kanazawa Castle, it was opened to the public in 1875. It is considered one of the \"three great gardens of Japan\" and is filled with a variety of trees, ponds, waterfalls and flowers stretching over ). In winter, the park is notable for its yukitsuri ropes attached in a conical array to trees to support the branches under the weight of the heavy wet snow, thereby protecting the trees from damage. Outside Kenrokuen is the Ishikawa-mon, the back gate to Kanazawa Castle. The original castle was largely destroyed by fire in 1888 but has been partially restored. The Seisonkaku Villa was built in 1863 by Maeda Nariyasu (13th \"daimyō\" of Kaga Domin) for his mother, Takako. It was originally called Tatsumi Goten (Tatsumi Palace). Much of it has been dismantled, but what remains is one of the most elegant remaining feudal lord villas in Japan. The villa stands in a corner of Kenrokuen; separate admission fees apply. Notable features are the vividly coloured walls of the upper floor, with purple or red walls and dark-blue ceilings (red walls—\"benigara\"—are a Kanazawa tradition), and the custom-made English carpet in the audience chamber. The Oyama-jinja shrine, which is considered an Important Cultural Property, is also in Kanazawa. It is noted for its imposing three-story Shinmon gate influenced by Dutch design, built in 1875, with its brightly coloured stained-glass windows. Kanazawa's Myōryūji Temple also known as the \"Ninja-dera\" (Ninja Temple) is an amalgamation of traditional temple architecture, hidden doors, passageways, and hidden escape routes. Local legend has it that the temple, with its hidden doors and passageways, was intended as a secret refuge for the local rulers in the case of an external threat. Mount Utatsu gives a commanding view of the city of Kanazawa. Toyokuni Shrine, Utatsu Shrine (a Tenman-gū), and Atago Shrine, known together as the Mount Utatsu Three Shrines, are found on the mountain. A monument to author Shūsei Tokuda is located near the summit. Kanazawa boasts numerous Edo period (1603–1867) former geisha houses in the Higashi Geisha District, across the Asano river (with its old stone bridge) out from central Kanazawa. Nearby is the Yougetsu Minshuku which sits at one end of one of the most photographed streets in Japan. This area retains the look and feel of pre-modern Japan, its two-story wooden façades plain and austere. The effect is accentuated by the early morning mist. At night, the street is lit by recreated Taishō-period streetlamp. Houses were taxed on the width of the frontage, leading to the development of many long, thin houses. Unlike samurai houses, they were built right up to the road and directly abutted their neighbours. They were two-storied, though the upper floor was used mainly for storage, particularly at the front of the house, above the shop area. One feature of Kanazawa merchant houses is the long earth corridor that runs from the front door to the rear of the house. This was usually on one side, and the rooms opened off it. The typical merchant's house, would have the shop area, then a couple of inner rooms, with the most important room at the back, facing the inner garden. Beyond that was the kitchen area, and at the rear of the house would be a thick-walled fireproof storehouse. Though very few from the Edo period remain, the basic style remained unchanged until the World War II. One notable feature of the design is the 'sode-utatsu' wings extending forward on the sides of the upper floor. Their exact purpose is not certain, but one theory is that they were wind blockers, which is logical given Kanazawa's weather. Snow was also a significant factor in house design. The roofs sloped into a central garden that was designed to allow snow to collect as much as to provide light to the rear. While the sea of black-glazed tiles sparkling in the sun is a common tourist image of Kanazawa today, the traditional architectural style used wooden boards held down by stones. Due to the heavy snowfalls of the Japan Sea coast, traditional tiles were",
"fireproof storehouse. Though very few from the Edo period remain, the basic style remained unchanged until the World War II. One notable feature of the design is the 'sode-utatsu' wings extending forward on the sides of the upper floor. Their exact purpose is not certain, but one theory is that they were wind blockers, which is logical given Kanazawa's weather. Snow was also a significant factor in house design. The roofs sloped into a central garden that was designed to allow snow to collect as much as to provide light to the rear. While the sea of black-glazed tiles sparkling in the sun is a common tourist image of Kanazawa today, the traditional architectural style used wooden boards held down by stones. Due to the heavy snowfalls of the Japan Sea coast, traditional tiles were considered to be too heavy. The use of tiles on the frontage and boards under the eaves is to prevent snow damage. Large-scale reorganization of the samurai areas took place in 1611. Areas had been ordained by income. As the total income of the domain had increased fourfold in the past couple of decades, there was some reorganization to be done. And room had to be found for the 14 families with incomes over 3,000 \"koku\" and their retainers, not to mention the large number of samurai who arrived from Takaoka (in Toyama Prefecture) with Maeda Toshitsune, the third lord, when he took up his position. The richest families were moved out of the castle and given massive estates throughout the city. Their own retainers were housed in huge complexes nearby. The most notable example in Kanazawa is Honda-machi, where the retainers of the rich and powerful Honda family lived, in what was almost a town within a town. In most cases, even with large fiefs like Sendai and Satsuma, samurai tended to live on their own land. But in Kaga all samurai, regardless of income, lived in Kanazawa. When Kanazawa was finished in more or less its final form in the late 17th century, over three-quarters of it was samurai housing. Nearest the castle were the huge estates of the Eight Houses (chief vassals) and their own retainers. For every 100 koku of income, a samurai was given about 550 square metres of land, and average of the \"middle-class\" samurai was 800, which is huge compared to modern Japanese housing. The richest vassal family, the Hondas, had a 50,000 \"koku\" income. The minimum for \"daimyo\" level was 10,000 \"koku\", and apart from the Eight Houses, some twelve families had incomes in excess of this. Kanazawa was filled with huge mansions. Size and location of samurai housing was determined by income and standing. The richest and most powerful samurai in Kanazawa had their own men, often hundreds of them, who were housed in large areas that usually adjoined the main house. Samurai houses shared a similar basic pattern: a single-floored residence, usually fairly square or rectangular in plan, surrounded by a garden both the vegetable and the decorative kinds. The roof was gabled and faced the road. The boundary wall was usually made of beaten earth, topped with tiles. There are a number of them around in the city, most notably in the Nagamachi area. The size and height of the wall and the entry gate were also dictated by rank. Samurai over 400 \"koku\" in income had a stable gate, used to house guards and horses. Though the Nagamachi area is promoted in the tourist brochures as the 'samurai area', the overwhelming majority of the houses are not samurai houses, but modern post-war housing. There are very few genuine samurai houses in Kanazawa. (This is because after the Meiji Restoration the samurai found themselves bereft of their traditional income, and many of them ended up selling off their estates, which were turned into fields before being redeveloped as modern housing before World War II.) One distinctive aspect of Kanazawa, and other castle towns, is the clustering of temples near the entrances. When Kanazawa was ruled by the Ikkō, the temples were all Jōdo Shinshū, the Ikkō sect. After the \"Ikkō\" were defeated, other sects moved in: Sōtō, Shingon, Hokke, Ji, etc. They were placed in their present locations by around 1616. In the Teramachi (\"temple town\" area), they were lined up side by side along a long straight road leading to the foot of Nodayama. Defensive purposes have often been argued for this type of planning, and it is true that the wide spaces, thick walls, and large halls of temples were able to be used as emergency fortifications. However, to what extent this influenced the layout is not certain. It was, in Kanazawa's case at least, never put to the test. On the other side of town, the Utatsuyama temple district, at the foot of the hill of the same name, has smaller temples and twisty roads. Kanazawa had a further expansion in 1661, when many samurai who had followed their retired Lord Toshitsune to his villa at Komatsu returned after his death. They built houses on the fringes of the city, with street layouts almost totally unplanned. These areas are some of the most labyrinthine parts of the city, but this was not done for defensive purposes. By this time, peace was quite firmly secured. To alleviate crowding from the continual (illegal) inflow of peasants and other migrants, residents were permitted to rent land from neighbouring farmers. These areas are some of the most convoluted, as the roads were laid out on the old winding paths through the fields. Thus Kanazawa attained the form that it kept for the rest of the Edo period — even now the majority of roads in the old city are little changed in form from two centuries ago. The only major change was the creation of 'geisha districts' (hanamachi) at the foot of Utatsuyama and over the Sai River in 1820, to control and regulate pleasure houses and prostitutes (bath-girls: 湯女). However, conservative factions regained control of the Kaga government, and the geisha districts were abolished a decade later. The districts were made legal again just before the Meiji Restoration, and stayed that way until prostitution was officially outlawed in 1954. The geisha areas were out of bounds to samurai; they were patronised by rich merchants and artisans, who would compete with each other to spend the most money on parties. The geisha house, or 'tea house' as it is commonly called, is superficially similar to the merchant houses (in the same way the samurai houses are superficially similar to farmhouses). However, unlike the merchant houses, where the second floor at the front was for storage, and thus very low, the second story of tea houses are much higher, because the upper floor was used as the main entertaining area. The upper floors are faced with sliding wooden shutters which would be open in the day or when there was a party going on. The bottom floor is faced with the unique, extremely fine latticework that is known as 'Kaga lattice'. The standard of décor was far higher than most merchant houses, at least to the extent allowed by the Sumptuary Laws that the Shogunate passed. Due in part to the long gloomy winters, Kaga décor is far brighter than the drab earth browns and greens and ochres of Kyoto style: bold bright scarlets (\"benigara\": 紅柄) and ultramarines were popular. The upper floor of the Seisonkaku Villa in Kenrokuen is particularly boldly decorated, with purple and black walls as well. Hyakumangoku Matsuri and Asano-gawa Enyukai are the major festivals held in Kanazawa. \"Kanazawa-haku\" is gold that is beaten into a paper-like sheet. Gold leaf plays a prominent part in the city's cultural crafts, to the extent that there is the Kanazawa Yasue Gold Leaf Museum. It is found throughout Kanazawa and Ishikawa; Kanazawa produces 99% of Japan's high-quality gold leaf. The gold leaf that covers the famous Golden Pavilion in Kyoto was produced in Kanazawa. Gold leaf is even put into food. The city is famous for tea with gold flakes, which is considered by the Japanese people to be good for health and vitality. Kanazawa",
"紅柄) and ultramarines were popular. The upper floor of the Seisonkaku Villa in Kenrokuen is particularly boldly decorated, with purple and black walls as well. Hyakumangoku Matsuri and Asano-gawa Enyukai are the major festivals held in Kanazawa. \"Kanazawa-haku\" is gold that is beaten into a paper-like sheet. Gold leaf plays a prominent part in the city's cultural crafts, to the extent that there is the Kanazawa Yasue Gold Leaf Museum. It is found throughout Kanazawa and Ishikawa; Kanazawa produces 99% of Japan's high-quality gold leaf. The gold leaf that covers the famous Golden Pavilion in Kyoto was produced in Kanazawa. Gold leaf is even put into food. The city is famous for tea with gold flakes, which is considered by the Japanese people to be good for health and vitality. Kanazawa lacquerware (\"Kanazawa shikki\"), a high-quality lacquerware traditionally decorated with gold dust, is also well known. 'Cultural landscape in Kanazawa. Tradition and culture in the castle town' has been designated an Important Cultural Landscape. Kanazawa is known for its traditional Kaga Cuisine, with seafood a specialty. The \"sake\" produced in this region, derived from the rice grown in Ishikawa Prefecture with the considerable precipitation of the Hokuriku region, allowing for an ample supply of clean, fresh water is considered to be of high quality. Omicho market is a market in the middle of the city, originally open-air, and now covered, which dates back to the Edo period. Most of the shops there sell seafood. Popular Food and Drink in Kanazawa include: Kanazawa is twinned with the following cities: Kanazawa Kanazawa is located in north-western Ishikawa Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan and is bordered by the Sea of Japan to the west and Toyama Prefecture to the east. The city sits between the Sai and Asano rivers. The eastern portion of the city is dominated by the Japanese Alps. Parts of the city are within the"
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"Simon Emil Koedel Simon Emil Koedel was a spy for Nazi Germany in World War II. A German Navy crew member, He came to the U.S. in 1915, jumping ship as it were. Nothing indicates that he was placed intentionally as a sleeper. In the contrary case he would inevitably have been on some record and would have been found out, as so many others were. We know very little about this man, but he was in all probability a volunteer, who discovered his love for the German cause late in life. He was not a Nazi, or if he was, he never showed it. Koedel knew what was good for him. He stayed well clear of the many displays of German folklore and the host of Nazi sympathizers that there were in the US in the days before the war. When World War II came, he was already an old man. That helped maintain his incognito. Nor did he ever associate with other German spies in the US, an altogether incompetent lot. Koedel used his stepdaughter to spy on US and other seamen while in port in New York. He monitored American ports and US military suppliers. One of the most successful spies of the war, Koedel obtained and forwarded to Germany volumes of information about US companies involved in the war effort over many years, but also of Policy, decisions made and to come; information which he obtained by posing as a concerned citizen. He worked on base of a \"shopping list\", didn't take No for an answer and often wrote to Congressmen and other highly regarded persons who unwittingly helped him through otherwise closed doors. The scheme Koedel used was ingeniously simple. He left the information in the original envelope, which bore the sender address of US Congress or other reputable markings, and merely changed the destination address to the letterbox in Sweden used for that purpose. That address belonged to Heinrich Himmler, the Reichsfuehrer SS. The US stamps and postmarks were all genuine; the decoy was never challenged. In particular, British censors on the Bermuda islands never opened the letters or researched the backgrounds. The fact that Koedel worked for the SS rather than for the notoriously inept Abwehr establishment increased his longevity. Abwehr officials had the nasty habit of betraying their own, in an effort to weaken the Nazi regime that they disliked. Adolf Hitler recognized the value of this man, \"worth more than an army\", and promoted him to Major in 1943. Koedel lived modestly on his own means and does not seem to have received much, if any, money at all from Germany. Cash transfers are a notorious opportunity for leaks in any spy operation. Koedel was finally caught on a Tax matter. Simon Emil Koedel Simon Emil Koedel was a spy for Nazi Germany in World War II. A German Navy crew member, He came to the U.S. in 1915, jumping ship as it were. Nothing indicates that he was placed intentionally"
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"Voyageurs Cup The Voyageurs Cup () is the domestic trophy for professional soccer in Canada, awarded to the best men's and women's clubs in the country. The Cup was conceived and commissioned by fans of the Canada men's national team, the Voyageurs, in 2002. From 2002 to 2007, the cup was awarded annually to the Canadian team finishing with the best record in the USL First Division, from regular season matches against other Canadian teams in the league. Since 2008, the trophy has been presented to the winner of the Canadian Championship, which also awards Canada's berth in the CONCACAF Champions League. Montreal Impact won the first seven trophies while Toronto FC took the next four. The current men's cup holders are Toronto FC, after winning the 2018 Canadian Championship. The Voyageurs Cup was first conceived in March 2002 by fans of the Canada men's national team, known as the Voyageurs, following Canada's surprise success at the 2000 Gold Cup. After years of being promised a domestic Canadian cup by the Canadian Soccer Association (CSA), the Voyageurs took it upon themselves to commission a national trophy using member donations. Veteran Voyageurs member and chief fundraiser since the group's founding in 1996, Dwayne Cole, solicited donations on the Voyageurs internet forum, resulting in $3,500-$4,000 donated. The money was used to commission the trophy, The group agreed to award the cup to whichever of the four Canadian clubs in the USL A-League – the Montreal Impact, Vancouver Whitecaps, Toronto Lynx and Calgary Storm – collected the most points against each other during the regular USL season. Through its history, the cup has been contested by the Montreal Impact, Toronto Lynx, the USL and MLS incarnations of the Vancouver Whitecaps, Calgary Storm (later renamed Calgary Mustangs), Edmonton Aviators, Toronto FC, FC Edmonton and Ottawa Fury FC. The Montreal Impact won the first seven titles, the first six by virtue of their regular-season record in the USL against other Canadian sides. They won the inaugural 2008 Canadian Championship to retain the trophy, their seventh straight Voyageurs Cup victory. Toronto FC won the 2009 Canadian Championship to win the Voyageurs Cup for the first time. The Calgary Storm never finished higher than fourth in the competition while the Edmonton Aviators finished third in their lone appearance in the tournament. Both Alberta teams folded after the 2004 season. The Toronto Lynx finished as runners-up in four of the five years they participated, eventually dropping down to the Premier Development League in 2007 and effectively withdrawing from the competition. As a result, in 2007 the trophy was decided on regular-season USL results between the Montreal Impact and the Vancouver Whitecaps FC. The cup is awarded by \"the Voyageurs\", who were founded in 1996 as a national organization of fans of Canada men's national soccer team at all age levels. Until 2008, costs associated with the cup, such as engraving, shipping, maintenance, and promotion had been paid for by private donations from individual members of \"the Voyageurs\". In 2008, the trophy was handed over to the Canadian Soccer Association to be presented to the winners of the Canadian Championship. The terms of the agreement were to be reviewed in 2010. There is also a Voyageurs Cup West for Women and Voyageurs Cup East for Women awarded since 2004. The first Women's Voyageurs Super Cup was contested in 2006. Prior to 2008, the men's title was decided on regular-season matches between Canada's USL A-League/USL First Division sides. The inaugural Canadian Championship was held in 2008, with the three Canadian teams spread across MLS (Toronto FC) and the USL First Division (Montreal Impact and Vancouver Whitecaps) each playing four non-League games in a round robin format. Bolded players are still active players with a Canadian team.</small> Voyageurs Cup The Voyageurs Cup () is the domestic trophy for professional soccer in Canada, awarded to the best men's and women's clubs in the country. The Cup was conceived and commissioned by fans of the Canada men's national team, the Voyageurs, in 2002. From 2002 to 2007, the cup was awarded annually to the Canadian team finishing with the best record in the USL First Division, from regular season matches against other Canadian"
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"Sayed Hassan Al-Qazwini Sayed Hassan Al-Qazwini ( سيد); born 1964 in Karbala, Iraq is the founder and leader of the Islamic Institute of America in Dearborn Heights, Michigan, representing the Twelver Shi'a branch of Islam. He is the son of Ayatollah Sayed Mortadha Al Qazwini, and the brother of Sayed Moustafa Al-Qazwini. Al-Qazwini's family is well known in Iraq and in the Muslim world. With the advent of the despotic Ba’athist regime in the late 1960s and early 1970s, al-Qazwini and other Shia scholars and clerics increased efforts to educate the masses to combat their depravity and brainwashing. Al-Qazwini’s father Ayatollah Sayid Mortadha al-Qazwini was among the leading scholars in spreading the word of Islam in Iraq and engaging in Islamic activism, helping to establish several Islamic schools and institutions, and serving as the principal of Imam Assadiq Islamic School in Karbala. After several years, Saddam Hussein identified the al-Qazwini family as an ideological threat to his regime. Consequently, he started to pressure them to abandon their mission and to support his regime. In 1980, Sayid Hassan al-Qazwini’s grandfather, Ayatollah Sayid Mohammad Sadiq al-Qazwini, was arrested and imprisoned by Saddam Hussein because he did not support the Baathist regime. Amnesty International deemed him as the oldest political prisoner in the world at the time. Since then, the al-Qazwini family never heard from him, and it was not until a few weeks after the collapse of Saddam’s regime that they found documents verifying his death in Saddam’s prisons. Consequently, Al-Qazwini’s family was forced to flee Iraq and seek refuge in Kuwait. In Kuwait, Al-Qazwini decided to pursue the path of his forefathers of becoming a scholar of Islam and religious leader. At that time, Iraq was at war with Kuwait. Therefore, at the inception of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, Al-Qazwini immigrated to Iran along with his family. In 1980, Al-Qazwini joined the Islamic Seminary in Qom, Iran, the largest Shi’a seminary in the world. After twelve years of vigorous study, Al-Qazwini graduated in 1992 with in-depth knowledge of the fundamentals of Islamic jurisprudence and Qur'anic commentary. During his studies, he administered a prominent Islamic journal called “Annibras,” or The Eternal Light. The journal addressed many social, historical and Islamic issues. In addition, he authored two books: \"\", and \"\". Al-Qazwini’s father immigrated to the United States in 1986, where he established several Islamic institutions and mosques. In 1994 he founded a full-time Islamic school which enrolled students from pre-kindergarten to twelfth grade. Realizing that there was a dire need for scholars and religious leaders in the United States, where Islam was in the crawling stage of development, al-Qazwini immigrated to the United States in late 1992 along with his family. He spent four years in Los Angeles, where he directed Azzahra Islamic Center, which was founded by his father, and conducted several Islamic Fiqh and various other Islamic classes. In early 1993, Al-Qazwini was invited by the Islamic Center of America, oldest Shi'a mosque in the United States to be the guest speaker for the Arabic program during the upcoming holy month of Ramadhan, where the community in Dearborn, Michigan quickly found him responsive to their spiritual and religious needs. The Islamic Center of America asked him to join them the following year as their guest speaker during the holy month of Ramadhan and the first ten days of Muharram, commemorating the martyrdom of the beloved grandson of Prophet Muhammad, Imam Hussein. Prior to Al-Qazwini’s visit to Michigan, he realized the importance of disseminating the message of Islam in North America in English, especially to the youth. While numerous scholars and religious leaders performed a good job reaching out to the Arabic speaking members of the community, the English-speaking generations needed someone who was capable of communicating with them, and Al-Qazwini devoted himself to learning and acquiring a fair grasp of the English language quickly. In 1997 Al-Qazwini established residence in Dearborn, Michigan after the Islamic Center of America asked him to serve as scholar and religious leader. Al-Qazwini conducts Friday Prayer every week, delivering the first sermon in Arabic and the second in English, attracting a growing number of the younger English-speaking to religious events. He also performs an English presentation during the Sunday service, usually aimed at addressing of current issues affecting the local Muslim community as well as the global community at large. Realizing that the greatest energy and potential rested in the younger generation, Al-Qazwini founded the Young Muslim Association (YMA) in 1998, becoming its spiritual leader. This organization, affiliated with the Islamic Center of America, is aimed at educating Muslim-American youth, fostering leadership, and creating an environment in which they can actively and effectively channel their efforts in promoting Islam. In the first five years since its establishment the YMA has grown to be one of the largest Muslim youth organizations in North America. The YMA annually holds a thirty-day program during Ramadhan and a ten-day commemoration of the grandson of Muhammad, Imam Hussein. It also conducts an annual retreat during the summer, a Ramadan dinner, an Eid Al-Ghadeer dinner (which celebrates the day Muhammad appointed his cousin and son-in-law Imam Ali as his successor according to the Shi'a view), and numerous other educational activities throughout the year. Since September 11 attacks, al-Qazwini has stepped up his efforts to act as an ambassador American Muslims, speaking at over a hundred churches, colleges and universities, hoping to dispel what he sees as common misconceptions about them. As Congressman John D. Dingell put it at the 108th Congress session after Al-Qazwini offered the prayer for the opening session: Imam Qazwini has become a leading voice for Muslims in America. He has spoken movingly of the need for reconciliation, for tolerance, and for the recognition of our humanity. He has worked with leaders in both the Christian and Jewish communities to help bridge the differences and to dispel prejudice. His work has touched Muslim and non-Muslims alike, and his devotion to our State and our community of Dearborn has been recognized by the mayor, the governor, and by President [George W.] Bush. Al-Qazwini has reminded numerous political leaders in America to cater to the Muslim communities. For instance, he has pressured the American leadership several times to speak out publicly against religious leaders who have repeatedly attacked Islam and Muhammad. The White House has invited al-Qazwini on several occasions to represent the Shia-Muslim community. Al-Qazwini has met with Presidents Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, as well as with then-Senator Barack Obama. He has also received invitations from the U.S. State and Defense Departments. He also made an appearance in the award-winning PBS-broadcast documentary \"\" (2002), produced by Unity Productions Foundation. Al-Qazwini is the author of \"American Crescent: A Muslim Cleric on the Power of His Faith, the Struggle Against Prejudice, and the Future of Islam and America.\" Rashid Khalidi of Columbia University wrote in \"The New York Times\": This book is many things. It is, first, a personal chronicle of Imam Hassan Qazwini’s own trajectory from Karbala, Iraq, where he was born in 1964, to exile in Kuwait and Iran, to Dearborn, Mich., where he currently heads the Islamic Center of America. Second, it is an argument for Qazwini’s variety of Shia Islam, rooted in Iraq and Iran and adapted for America. Finally, it is a political statement — in fact, two of them — a plea for Muslim Americans to immerse themselves in the life of the United States while simultaneously deepening their identification as Muslims, and also for a",
"of \"American Crescent: A Muslim Cleric on the Power of His Faith, the Struggle Against Prejudice, and the Future of Islam and America.\" Rashid Khalidi of Columbia University wrote in \"The New York Times\": This book is many things. It is, first, a personal chronicle of Imam Hassan Qazwini’s own trajectory from Karbala, Iraq, where he was born in 1964, to exile in Kuwait and Iran, to Dearborn, Mich., where he currently heads the Islamic Center of America. Second, it is an argument for Qazwini’s variety of Shia Islam, rooted in Iraq and Iran and adapted for America. Finally, it is a political statement — in fact, two of them — a plea for Muslim Americans to immerse themselves in the life of the United States while simultaneously deepening their identification as Muslims, and also for a particular outcome in Iraq, where Qazwini’s father, a leading ayatollah, is Imam of the mosque of Imam Hussein in Karbala. Sayed Hassan Al-Qazwini Sayed Hassan Al-Qazwini ( سيد); born 1964 in Karbala, Iraq is the founder and leader of the Islamic Institute of America in Dearborn"
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"Ancient Thera Ancient Thera () is an antique city on a ridge of the steep, 360 m high Messavouno mountain on the Greek island of Santorini. It was named after the mythical ruler of the island, Theras, and was inhabited from the 9th century BC until 726 AD. Starting in 1895, Friedrich Hiller von Gaertringen systematically investigated the city until 1904. Later excavations by N. Zapheiropoulos between 1961 and 1982, under the auspices of the Archaeological Society of Athens, unearthed the city's necropolis in Sellada. Findings from these excavations are on exhibit at the archaeological museum in Fira. Excavation work was again taken up between 1990 and 1994 under the leadership of Wolfram Hoepfner of the Free University of Berlin and resulted in a more precise understanding of the history of the southern Aegean. Ancient Thera is today open to the public and can be reached on a winding road that starts at Kamari or several footpaths from both sides of the mountain. The ancient city consisted of a street almost 800 m long and especially wide for its time (between two and four metres) extending in a southeastern direction and containing several imposing buildings. A small cul-de-sac branches off at right angles and at its termination, high up on the mountainside, were the headquarters of a garrison stationed in the city. After about 200 metres of street the city expands to cover an area of about 100 x 100 metres on an exposed plateau high above the rocky coast. Residential areas are grouped around an Agora which is across from a theater built into the lower slope. Separated off and facing the sea at the eastern tip of the plateau is a small sacred area with temple grounds and public facilities. All buildings are constructed of the local limestone of the mountain itself. Wood was rare on the island and seldom used for building. At the base of the mountain at the edge of today's city (Kamari) was a necropolis which was used almost as long as the ancient city existed. The city also had a harbor, not yet precisely localized, which supposedly had shipyards and lodgings for sailors and soldiers. Ancient Thera had two seaports, namely Oia (Greek: Οία, not to be confused with modern Oia) and Elefsina (Greek: Ελευσίνα), located respectively at present-day Kamari and Perissa. In archaic times the city was an unimportant settlement at the southern periphery of the Cyclades. It was founded by Doric colonists from Sparta, who recognized the strategic value of its location on a rocky ridge. Herodotus and Pausanias give accounts of the mythical ruler, Theras, a descendent of the Phoenician ruler Cadmus and son of the king of Thebes, Autesion, who ruled over Sparta and Laconia on behalf of his underage nephews Eurysthenes and Procles. After they came of age he founded a new settlement on the island of Kalliste (old Greek: Καλλίστῃ), which was subsequently named Thera after him (modern Greek: Thira, Θήρα). This name was also given to the city, of which there is archaeological evidence dating from the 9th century BCE. Herodotus goes on to write of a seven-year drought around the year 630 BCE which forced the inhabitants of Thera to send colonists to Cyrenaica in today's Libya. This settlement was so successful that Thera long enjoyed a good reputation as the mother city of Cyrene despite its own relative unimportance. A collection of 760 coins were found dating from the 6th century BCE, which give evidence of a modest amount of trade links to Athens and Corinth to the west and Ionia and Rhodes to the east. The role of the city changed in the second half of the 3rd century BCE when the Ptolemaic wartime fleet for the entire Aegean Sea was stationed in the city's harbor in Hellenistic times. The city was completely rebuilt for the officers; the former layout was replaced by a regular street grid, and imposing buildings in the form of peristyle houses were erected. The fleet was withdrawn around 145 BCE, and historic records from the city are completely lacking until about the year 0. In Roman times starting in the middle of the 1st century BCE the island and city were part of the Roman province of Asia, and although no high officials resided on the island Thera was relatively prosperous and significant, thanks to elaborate construction projects and the fact that Therans managed to attain high positions, including twice the office of provincial high priest. In the first third of the 3rd century the dissolution of the Roman Empire was also reflected by the absence of reports about the island. During Byzantine times, Thera as a diocesan town was again more frequently mentioned; up into the 5th century it was the only urban settlement on the island of Santorini. As was the case with the entire region, it subsequently lost importance. In the year 726 it was covered by a layer of pumice after a relatively small eruption of the volcano of Santorini and shortly thereafter the city was given up. Information about the destruction comes from the reports of Theophanes, a Byzantine chronicler. As there are only slight traces of the earlier settlement, descriptions of the city primarily relate to its Hellenistic golden age and later developments. Some information about the role of the Ptolemaic soldiers in the city is known from inscriptions. There were originally only three officers and about 300 soldiers stationed in Thera, but later further office holders and pensioned officers settled there and clearly changed the character of the city. It is not known whether the entire population was placed under military administration or whether it could retain its political independence. On the one hand the soldiers were Greeks from the mainland, but on the other hand the proportion of Egyptian mercenaries rapidly increased, who with their gods strongly influenced the city's religious cults. Particularly noteworthy are: There is evidence of two types of private dwellings. The officers of the fleet resided in peristyle houses with colonnades, most of which were built on terraces on the eastern slope below the main street. From there the inhabitants enjoyed a spectacular view of the sea more than 300 m below. Most of the city's inhabitants lived up on the mountain plateau. They built their houses around a small central courtyard under which a cistern was located to provide an essential source of water. Some of the houses had two levels, and in a few cases the terrain permitted small basements as well. Archaeological remains are sparse; before the city was abandoned it had lost importance and only a few relics of its golden age survived. Inscriptions from the city's beginnings found at the sanctuary on the spur of the mountain ridge are noteworthy. They date from the transition from the 9th to the 8th century BC and are thus among the oldest known examples of the use of the Greek alphabet, which evolved from the Phoenician alphabet. In some cases a precursor form of Greek letters was still in use. The inscriptions include dedications of altar stones to a wide variety of gods from Greek mythology. These include Zeus in four cases, Koures in two cases (which may be another kind of invocation for Zeus), and one each for Apollo, Lochaia, Damia, Castor and Pollux, Chiron, Deuteros, and the North wind (Boreas). Then, at a slight distance, there are inscriptions relating to the Erinyes, Athanaia, Biris, the Charites, Hermes and Persephone (Core). Both the wide variety as well as the references to many gods who are not otherwise prominent are conspicuous features. Also noteworthy is the frequency of lesser gods connected with the family, birth, children and the rearing of children. The second common type of inscription was also found on the spur of the ridge, but in this case on the rock walls around the forecourt of the gymnasium, where, according to the texts, competitions and sacred acts took place already before the construction of the sports ground. These inscriptions survived thanks to the",
"one each for Apollo, Lochaia, Damia, Castor and Pollux, Chiron, Deuteros, and the North wind (Boreas). Then, at a slight distance, there are inscriptions relating to the Erinyes, Athanaia, Biris, the Charites, Hermes and Persephone (Core). Both the wide variety as well as the references to many gods who are not otherwise prominent are conspicuous features. Also noteworthy is the frequency of lesser gods connected with the family, birth, children and the rearing of children. The second common type of inscription was also found on the spur of the ridge, but in this case on the rock walls around the forecourt of the gymnasium, where, according to the texts, competitions and sacred acts took place already before the construction of the sports ground. These inscriptions survived thanks to the underlying limestone, which is coated with a dark, grayish blue crust which can be easily knocked off to expose the white stone underneath. Inscriptions could thus be produced by anybody, not only specialized stonemasons. Some of the texts relate directly to competitions. On one heavy stone the name of the contestant who could throw it the farthest was engraved. In other cases the inscriptions refer to sexual acts which probably describe pederastic relationships of elder erastes with young sportsmen and dancers. The texts are in a very early form of Greek and thus sometimes difficult to interpret. It is uncertain whether they are a form of boasting or whether the sexual acts had a cultic background. Ceramic relics were found which followed both the 8th century geometric style and the 7th century orientalizing style. They resemble models from the island of Naxos, but the design was late in arriving on Santorini. Several, mostly heavily damaged figures called \"Daedalic idols\" date from the second half of the 7th century and were grave goods. Only one of these idols survived relatively intact. It represents a woman with raised arms, her gestures being interpreted as a lamentation for the dead. The most famous relics from Ancient Thera are several larger-than-life statues of youths, known as kouroi, also sculpted in the second half of the 7th century BC. Since the island had no marble quarries, no unique stylistic tradition emerged. Both the marble as well as the artistic style came from the island of Naxos. The finest statue of this type dates from the beginning of the 6th century BC and is known as the Apollo of Thera. All statues were found in the burial grounds below the city. There are two caves in the vicinity of Ancient Thera, one of which appears to be an additional antique sanctuary and the other either a place of cult worship or simply a garbage pit, depending on how the many remains of bones and traces of food preparation are interpreted. Ancient Thera Ancient Thera () is an antique city on a ridge of the steep, 360 m high Messavouno mountain on the Greek island of"
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"Country Club Park, Los Angeles Country Club Park is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California. Country Club Park is bounded by Olympic Boulevard on the north, Crenshaw Boulevard on the west, Pico Boulevard on the south, and Western Avenue on the east. It is located within the larger Arlington Heights district. Country Club Park is partially gated; three streets that intersect Pico Boulevard are closed to through-traffic. The name Country Club Park refers to the area's previous use. In 1897, The Los Angeles Golf Club established a 9-hole course called the Windmill Links at Pico and Alvarado Street. Overcrowding inspired the organizers to move west and in 1899, the club moved to the corner of Pico and Western (the area that is now Country Club Park). The course remained there until 1910, at which time it moved to Holmby Hills. After The Los Angeles Golf Club moved west, Isaac Milbank, with partner George Chase, subdivided the property for mostly large homes and mansions. Country Club Park matured in the 1920s and homes were constructed in the latest architectural styles: Craftsman, Tudor Revival, Spanish Colonial Revival, Colonial Revival and Mediterranean Revival. In 2010, the neighborhood was designated a Los Angeles Historic Preservation Overlay Zone because of the large number of intact buildings dating back to the earliest phases of Los Angeles’ development. Country Club Park Heritage Plaza is located at 1015 South Wilton Place. It has a Children's Play Area, Picnic Tables, and a Walking Path. The pilot episode of American Horror Story was shot on location in a house in Country Club Park. The home served as the haunted house and crime scene in the series. Designed and built in 1902 by Alfred Rosenheim, the president of the American Institute of Architects' Los Angeles chapter, the Collegiate Gothic-style single family home is located at 1120 Westchester Place. The home was previously used as a convent. An adjoining chapel was removed from exterior shots using CGI. After the pilot episode, filming continued on sets constructed to be an exact replica of the house. Details such as Lewis Comfort Tiffany stained glass windows, and hammered bronze light fixtures, were re-created to preserve the look of the house. Country Club Park, Los Angeles Country Club Park is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California. Country Club Park is bounded by Olympic Boulevard on the north, Crenshaw Boulevard on the west, Pico Boulevard on the"
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"York Region District School Board The York Region District School Board (YRDSB) is the English-language public school board for York Regional Municipality in Ontario, Canada. The York Region District School Board is the province's third largest school board, with an enrollment of over 122,000 students. It is in the fastest-growing census division in Ontario and the third fastest growing in Canada. The public francophone (\"Conseil scolaire Viamonde\"), English Catholic (York Catholic District School Board), and French Catholic (\"Conseil scolaire de district catholique Centre-Sud\") communities of York Region also have their own publicly funded school boards and schools that operate in the same area. The school board has been referred to as \"English-language Public District School Board No. 16\" in Ontario legislation prior to 1999. It was officially known as the York Region Board of Education until it changed its name in 1998 to York Region District School Board. Prior to 1971 it was called York County School Board. The YRDSB is governed by an elected board of trustees, whose election coincides with the municipal elections in Ontario held throughout the province every four years. The Board consists of 12 trustees, divided amongst the constituent municipalities based on population. Two student trustees are elected by the York Region Presidents' Council every school year (since 2004), which is made up of the 33 Student Council Presidents of all the secondary schools in York Region. The student trustees facilitate communication between students and the school board. The Chair and Vice-Chair of the Board are chosen by secret ballot of the trustees at the inaugural meeting in December. For day-to-day operations the most senior staff member of the board is the Director of Education, to whom the Associate Director and all of the Superintendents report. The Director of Education is Louise Sirisko (appointed January 2018). Besides the curriculum established by the Government of Ontario, the York Region District School Board places heavy emphasis on its \"Character Matters\" program. As well, due to the multicultural nature, and large immigrant population of students under the YRDSB, the Board established the Race Relations Advisory Committee, a standing committee of the board to advise the trustees on issues related to ethnocultural relations. The committee is made up of trustees, staff, community members and students. The school board is divided into four \"Community Education Centres\" (\"North\", \"Central\", \"East\" and \"West\"). The centres represent communities as follows: The school board teaches approximately 70 000 elementary and 40 000 secondary school students. The school board currently manages 33 facilities that provide secondary education. The school board currently manages 175 facilities which provides elementary education. Aurora East Gwillimbury Georgina King Markham Newmarket Richmond Hill Vaughan Whitchurch-Stouffville YRDSB provides assistance to Chippewas of Georgina Island First Nation and serves the schooling needs for students in grades 7 to 11. York Region District School Board The York Region District School Board (YRDSB) is the English-language public school board for York Regional Municipality in Ontario, Canada. The York Region District School Board is the province's"
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"Frøydis Armand Frøydis Armand (born 9 April 1949) is a Norwegian actress. She is the daughter of actor Eilif Armand, and sister of Merete Armand and Gisken Armand, both actresses. She has been working at Nationaltheatret (the National Theatre) since 1972, acting in plays such as Henrik Ibsen's \"Little Eyolf\", and Shakespeares \"Othello\". Though primarily a stage actress, Armand is probably best known to the general audience as one of the three protagonists in Anja Breien's \"Hustruer\"–trilogy: \"Hustruer\" (1975), \"Hustruer – ti år etter\" (1985) and \"Hustruer III\" (1996). Armand has a child from a marriage to actor Helge Jordal, and another child from a relationship with actor Kai Remlow. Frøydis Armand Frøydis Armand (born 9 April 1949) is a Norwegian actress. She is the daughter of actor Eilif Armand, and sister of Merete Armand and Gisken Armand, both actresses. She has been working at Nationaltheatret (the National Theatre) since 1972, acting in plays such as Henrik Ibsen's \"Little Eyolf\", and Shakespeares \"Othello\". Though primarily a stage actress, Armand is probably best known to the general audience as one of the three protagonists in Anja Breien's \"Hustruer\"–trilogy: \"Hustruer\" (1975), \"Hustruer – ti år etter\" (1985) and \"Hustruer III\" (1996). Armand"
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"Marlborough Lines Limited Marlborough Lines Limited (Marlborough Lines) is an electricity distribution company, based in Blenheim, New Zealand. Marlborough Lines is responsible for subtransmission and distribution of electricity to more than 24,000 customer network connections in the Marlborough Region over a service area of 11,330 km. The network includes more than 3,300 km of power lines extending to some very isolated areas across the region, including the extremities of the Marlborough Sounds, which can only be reached by boat or helicopter. The company is 100% owned by the Marlborough Electric Power Trust. The company operates a contracting division, Marlborough Lines Contracting, which specialises in substation and line construction, cable installation, and the maintenance and operation of generation and electricity networks. Marlborough Lines also owns 51% of the network joint venture OtagoNet, which distributes electricity in the coastal Otago region (excluding Dunedin city and Mosgiel), and a 50% share of Nelson Electricity, the distribution company that serves Nelson city. In 2010, Marlborough Lines obtained a shareholding in listed electricity distribution business Horizon Energy Distribution Limited. Marlborough Lines obtained a 13.89% shareholding in the Eastern Bay of Plenty EDB. The history of Marlborough Lines dates back to 1917. The main predecessor organisation was the Marlborough Electric Power Board. The Marlborough Lines network originally began as three historically distinct networks: In 1992, the passing of the Energy Companies Act required that the various franchised electricity distribution and retailing organisations then operating in New Zealand become commercial power companies with a responsibility to operate as a successful business and have regard to the efficient utilisation of energy. The Marlborough Electric Power Board then became Marlborough Electric - one of 35 integrated electricity businesses around New Zealand. At that time Marlborough Electric was one of a small number of electricity companies who also operated their own generation business, and produced some 26% of Marlborough's electricity requirement. The Electricity Industry Reform Act was passed in 1998, and this required that all electricity companies be split into either the lines (network) business or the supply business (generating and/or selling electricity) by 1 April 1999. The generation and retail businesses of Marlborough Electric were sold to TrustPower, and from April 1999 Marlborough Lines was established to focus on the operation and maintenance of the distribution lines network. The Marlborough Lines network connects to the national grid via Transpower's 110/33 kV Blenheim substation, located on Old Renwick Road in Springlands, Blenheim. () The Blenheim substation is supplied by three separate Transpower 110 kV circuits, one from Kikiwa (around 10 km north of Saint Arnaud) and two from Stoke. The Marlborough region wasn't connected to the national grid until after the Second World War, firstly in 1948 to Nelson and the Cobb Power Station, and later in 1955 to the rest of the South Island. The supply of electricity to Marlborough was initially dependent on a small hydro station at Waihopai. In 1930, a diesel generator was established at Springlands in Blenheim to provide backup power when hydrogeneration was not available. A further generator set was installed in 1937. After Marlborough was connected to the national grid, the generators need was greatly reduced and were relegated to reserve use. They were last used for generation on 22 June 1992, during that year's nationwide power shortages. These generators have been preserved by Marlborough Lines as part of the engineering heritage of electricity supply in the region. Marlborough Lines Limited Marlborough Lines Limited (Marlborough Lines) is an electricity distribution company, based in Blenheim, New Zealand. Marlborough Lines is responsible for subtransmission and distribution of electricity to more than 24,000 customer network connections"
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"Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal The Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal (MACM) is a contemporary art museum in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located on the Place des festivals in the Quartier des spectacles and is part of the Place des Arts complex. Founded in 1964, it is Canada's first museum devoted to contemporary art. Initially housed in the Place Ville-Marie, the museum moved into the premises of the Château Dufresne in 1965, followed by an exhibition gallery from Expo 67 in 1968. In 1992, the museum moved to its current premises at Place des Arts in Montreal. The Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal was founded in 1964 by the Quebec government. The MACM was the first institution in Canada devoted exclusively to contemporary art. Before moving to its current location, the Museum was housed in three different locations: at Place Ville-Marie from 1964 to 1965, the Château Dufresne from 1965 to 1968, and at Expo 67's International Fine Arts Exhibition at the Cité du Havre Art Gallery, from 1968 to 1992. In 1983, the museum changed its status: it became an independent corporation managed by a board of directors. In 1983, an international architectural competition was held to choose the design of the new building to house the Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal. Over one hundred firms entered the competition. Jodoin Lamarre Pratte & Associés was selected as the winning architectural firm in 1984. On May 28, 1992, the museum opened in its new location at Place des Arts in Downtown Montreal. The museum is now part of the largest cultural complex in Canada, which combines the performing arts and visual arts. At the inauguration of its new building, close to 20,000 people visited the museum on May 29 and 30, 1992. Following the move to downtown Montreal, Quebec artist Geneviève Cadieux designed a photographic work, \"\"La Voie lactée\"\". The work is a closeup photograph of a pair of lips, installed on the roof of the building. In June 2017, in response to criticism that the museum was closed on itself and did not fit well in the newly established Quartier des spectacles the MACM announced a contest to redesign and extend the Place des Arts venue. In April 2018, the Saucier+Perrotte Architectes / GLCRM & Associés Architectes proposal was selected Four rooms are reserved for exhibitions of the collection, featuring works reflecting the significant trends of contemporary art. It includes works by Quebec, Canadian and international artists. Four other rooms are dedicated to temporary exhibitions. The collection includes over 7,000 works of art by more than 1,500 artists (1,200 still living), focusing on contemporary art from Quebec in particular and Canada in general, as well as important international artists. Its collections include contemporary paintings, sculptures, photographs, installation, video and works on paper. The museum is Canada's only cultural complex devoted to both contemporary performing and visual arts. The museum was a member of the AMICO consortium. Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal The Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal (MACM)"
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"Suzanne Snyder Suzanne Snyder (born October 22, 1962) is an American actress. Snyder played Debbie Stone in the movie \"Killer Klowns from Outer Space\" and Beth McMillan in the \"Silver Spoons\" episodes \"Daddy Rick\" and \"Baby Blues\". She also had two small roles on \"Seinfeld\". She played \"Deb\" (Anthony Michael Hall's love interest) in the 1985 teen movie \"Weird Science\". She appeared briefly as Lisa, a sorority sister, in the 1986 movie \"Night of the Creeps\", and played Brenda in the 1988 zombie horror comedy \"Return of the Living Dead Part II\". She also played a blind girl named Julie who hears a murder in an episode of \"In the Heat of the Night\" (1991). Snyder lives in California with her four children Geoff, Alex, George & Grace. Suzanne Snyder Suzanne Snyder (born October 22, 1962) is an American actress. Snyder played Debbie Stone in the movie \"Killer Klowns from Outer Space\" and Beth McMillan in the \"Silver Spoons\" episodes \"Daddy Rick\" and \"Baby Blues\". She also had two small roles on \"Seinfeld\". She played \"Deb\" (Anthony Michael Hall's love interest) in the 1985 teen movie \"Weird Science\". She appeared briefly as Lisa, a sorority sister, in the 1986 movie"
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"John H. Kerr Jr. John Hosea Kerr Jr. (May 19, 1900 – May 28, 1968) was an American lawyer and politician. Born in Warrenton, North Carolina, Kerr received his bachelor's from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and his law degree from Wake Forest University School of Law. He then practiced law in Rocky Mount, North Carolina. Kerr served in the North Carolina House of Representatives, in 1929, from Edgecombe County, North Carolina, and was a Democrat. Kerr then moved back to Warrenton, North Carolina and practiced law. From 1939 to 1949, Kerr again served in the North Carolina House of Representatives, from Warren County, North Carolina, and was speaker of the house in the 1943 session. From 1955 to 1957, Kerr served in the North Carolina State Senate and then served in the North Carolina House of Representatives from 1957 to 1963. Kerr's father was John H. Kerr who served in the United States House of Representatives and his son was John H. Kerr, III who also served in the North Carolina General Assembly. Kerr died in Warrenton, North Carolina. John H. Kerr Jr. John Hosea Kerr Jr. (May 19, 1900 – May 28, 1968) was an American"
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"Pearl Lagoon Pearl Lagoon (, ) is a town in the municipality by the same name and was historically known as English Bank. It is located in South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region (RACCS) of Nicaragua. It is the largest coastal lagoon in RACCS. Pearl Lagoon is home to 8,658 inhabitants as of 2005. About a century ago it was considered to be the second capital of the Miskito Kingdom when the last Miskito king took up residence in the city. He arrived there after Henry Clarence deposed him in Bluefields in 1894. At that time, Pearl Lagoon was called \"the Granada of the Mosquitia\" by one of the conquistadores of the Pacific Coast (the Caribbean side was not a part of Nicaragua) because of its beauty and the booming ship traffic. An 18th century cannon situated in the main street of the city has an inscription commemorating battles between liberal and conservative factions. Most of the inhabitants are Creole, but a large number of Miskito and some Garifuna are also present. Similar to Bluefields, May Pole \"(Palo De Mayo)\" is a big celebration among the people. The main communities are Haulover, Kakabila, Marshall Point, Pearl Lagoon, Orinoco, La Fe, Raitipura, Brown Bank, Tasbapounie, Set Net, Wawashan, San Vicente, Awas and Pedregal. Pearl Lagoon is home to four local baseball teams that battle it out during the dry seasons on Sundays. The four teams are: Sweet Pearly, First Stop, The Young Brave, and the Haulover Tigers. Pitchers Albert Williams and Devern Hansack, both natives of Pearl Lagoon, have played in Major League Baseball. The municipality of Pearl Lagoon is located just north of Bluefields, the capital of RACCS, and can be reached by boat. In 2006 the IDR initiated the construction of a new rural road of 17 km from Kukra Hill to Pearl Lagoon. As of 2011, the road permitted direct access to Pearl Lagoon from Managua by road. Pearl Lagoon Pearl Lagoon (, ) is a town in the municipality by the same name and was historically known as English Bank. It is located in South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region (RACCS) of Nicaragua. It is the largest coastal lagoon in RACCS. Pearl Lagoon is home to 8,658 inhabitants as of 2005. About a century ago it was considered to be the second capital of the Miskito Kingdom when the last Miskito king took up residence in the city. He"
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"Jeff Wilpon Jeffrey Scott Wilpon is an American businessman, the COO of the New York Mets baseball team, the executive vice-president of Sterling Equities, and the owner of Overwatch League Esports team the New York Excelsior. He is the son of New York Mets' principal owner Fred Wilpon. Jeff and other Wilpon family members invested with Bernard Madoff's ponzi scheme that collapsed in 2008. Unlike many who lost their investments, it was revealed in the Madoff firm's court case, \"Securities Investor Protection Corp. vs. Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC\" (USBC SDNY No. 08-01789), that the family partnership run by Wilpon made $48 million in their dealings with the firm. He is a member of the board of directors for the United States Holocaust Museum in Washington DC. Wilpon has been criticized by some for being too much of a meddler in the baseball operations for the New York Mets. In 2010, Joel Sherman of the \"New York Post\" wrote, \"Let's give Jeff Wilpon the benefit of the doubt here for a moment. Let's say he is not short-tempered. Tone deaf. A credit seeker. An accountability deflector. A micro-manager. A second-guesser. A less-than-deep thinker. And bad at self-awareness. Fine, he's none of these things. But here is the problem: This is his perception in the industry as the Mets try yet again to fix their baseball operations department.\" Sherman also cited a baseball executive in regular contact with the Mets, who said, \"Jeff is the problem with the organization, and he is never going to realize that. He cannot help himself. He has to be involved. He will never hire anyone who will not let him have major input. He will not hire anyone who does not run every personnel decision through him.\" An AL executive added, \"The only person with a worse reputation than Jeff Wilpon in the game is [Marlins president] David Samson.\" In 2009, Peter Gammons told ESPN Radio that Mets GM Omar Minaya \"isn’t the General Manager. Jeff Wilpon is. Omar's the one out there to take the heat.\" In 2003, the team's previous partner, Nelson Doubleday, Jr., told \"The Star-Ledger\": \"Mr. Jeff Wilpon has decided that he's going to learn how to run a baseball team and take over at the end of the year… Run for the hills, boys. I think probably all those baseball people will bail... Jeff sits there by himself like he's King Tut waiting for his camel.\" Many commentators on the internet and in broadcast media have referred to Jeff Wilpon as \"Fredo\" Wilpon, after the ineffectual member of the Corleone family played by John Cazale in \"The Godfather\" and \"The Godfather Part II\". In media guides Mr Wilpon stated that he had played in the Montreal Expos system to further his baseball credibility while in fact he was simply signed by the team as a favor to his father and never played professional baseball. Jeff Wilpon attended the University of Miami for one year and was a member of the baseball team for part of one season before he was asked to leave the team by the coaching staff. In September 2014, Wilpon was named as a defendant in a lawsuit by Leigh Castergine, the first female senior vice president of ticket sales in the history of the Mets. According to the civil complaint filed by Castergine's attorney, Wilpon repeatedly disparaged her for having a child out of wedlock and then terminated her employment when she complained to human resources. He is married to Valerie (née Goldman) Wilpon. Their son, Bradley Wilpon, was drafted by the Boston Red Sox in 2014, and has played two summers for the Newport Gulls of the NECBL. Jeff Wilpon is a graduate of Roslyn, New York High School and does not have a college degree. Blizzard Entertainment announced in July 2017 that Wilpon has bought ownership in the New York Excelsior, one of the first seven teams planned for the professional eSports Overwatch League. Jeff Wilpon Jeffrey Scott Wilpon is an American businessman, the COO of the New York Mets baseball team, the executive vice-president of Sterling Equities, and the owner of Overwatch League Esports team the New York Excelsior. He is the"
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"Haim Farhi Haim Farhi (, ; , also known as Haim \"El Mu'allim\" lit. \"The Teacher\"), (1760 – August 21, 1820) was an adviser to the governors of the Galilee in the days of the Ottoman Empire. Among the Jews he was known as Hakham Haim, because of his Talmudic learning. Farhi was chief advisor to Ahmad al-Jazzar of Acre, whose whims included blinding Farhi and leaving him physically scarred. Until his assassination in 1820, instigated by Farhi's own protege Abdullah Pasha, Farhi was the financial vizier and de facto ruler of Acre. After the murder, Abdullah Pasha ordered Farhi's body cast into the sea and confiscated all his property. Two of Farhi’s brothers, Soliman and Rafael, living in Damascus, organized a siege against Abdullah Pasha in Acre to exact revenge. After the Ottoman conquest of the Levant from the Mamluks in 1516, Galilee became part of its empire. Vast areas of Turkey, Asia, North Africa and Southeastern Europe were ruled almost autonomously by local governors. The Levant in particular, split into numerous feuding power centers. Rule over the 'Sanjak of Acre' (roughly present-day northern Israel) was supposed to derive from the authority of the Damascus governorate and its Walis. In the 18th century, a powerful local leader, Zahir al-Umar, effectively severed ties with the empire and initiated widespread reforms, improving road infrastructure and security, and encouraging Christian and Jewish merchants to settle in the area and revive commerce. After the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji was signed with Russia on July 21, 1774, Sultan Abdul Hamid I sought to reassert Turkish sovereignty by attacking Dhaher and blockading the port of Acre. His troops rose in revolt and murdered their leader. In 1775 a Turkish officer, the Bosnian Mameluk Ahmad al-Jazzar took over, and the Turks regained control over the northern areas of the land. Zahir al-Umar actively encouraged Jewish resettlement and personally invited Hayyim ben Jacob Abulafia of İzmir to settle in the Galilee. The rabbi, born in Hebron, then part of the Jerusalem \"Mutassariflik\" (Governorate/District), returned in 1740 and was received with full honours by Zahir. He settled in Tiberias, which was restored from its ruinous state. An impressive synagogue was built, roads were constructed, and Jewish agricultural settlements were founded at Pekiin, Shefa-'Amr, and Kafr Yasif. These policies continued under Ahmad al-Jazzar. The existence of a strong local authority enforced the law and prevented Bedouin banditry on the roads. Zahir was one of the most tolerant and efficient local leaders and meted out justice equally to Muslim, Christian and Jew. This was the case in the days of Zahir and al-Jazzar who transformed the Galilee into a region that attracted both Arabs from Syria and Lebanon, and Jews from the east and west. Haim Farhi was born to a respected and ancient Jewish family in Damascus. His father Saul had established a banking business that flourished to the extent that it expanded to control Syria's finances, banking and foreign trade for nearly a century. Together with other family members, Farhi worked as a financial agent in the Damascus district. Contemporary sources often mention the family as being the \"real rulers of Syria\". They may also have mediated between the Jewish community and the authorities, trying to alleviate the tax burden placed on the Jews of Safed. Farhi succeeded his father as banker of the ruler of Damascus. He gained extensive influence with the Turkish government and became the adviser to Ahmad al-Jazzar, ruler of Acre. This was probably due to his intrigues that led to the execution of the previous advisor, Mikhail Sakruj, a Christian merchant from Shefa-'Amr. Al-Jazzar was a violent and cruel ruler, which is evidenced from his title 'al-Jazzar' meaning 'The Butcher'. He would often find pretext to lash out in savage assaults. He had Farhi's eye plucked out, cut off the tip of his nose, and severed his left ear. (A famous illustration from the time shows al-Jazzar sitting in judgment in front of his Jewish adviser, who is wearing an eye patch.) It was during the reign of al-Jazzar, in 1799, that the French general and future Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte tried to conquer the Damascus governorate. In February Napoleon and his army arrived from the south, captured Jaffa and massacred 2,000 Turkish prisoners. They then moved north, captured Haifa and the Jezreel Valley and laid siege to Acre. Al-Jazzar's troops, refusing to surrender, withstood the siege for one and a half months. A British naval force under the command of Admiral Sidney Smith came to the town's defense, and an artillery expert from the fleet, Antoine DePhelipoux, redeployed against Napoleon's forces artillery pieces which the British had intercepted from the French at sea. Farhi played a key role in the city's defense. As al-Jazzar's adviser and right-hand man, he directly supervised how the battle against the siege was run. At the culmination of the assault, the besieging forces managed to make a breach in the walls. After suffering many casualties to open an entry-point, Napoleon's soldiers found, on trying to penetrate the city, that Farhi and DePhelipoux had, in the meantime, built a second wall, several feet deeper within the city where al-Jazzar's garden was. Discovery of this new construction convinced Napoleon and his men that the probability of their taking the city was minimal. The siege was raised and Napoleon withdrew to Egypt. Some hold that a statement attributed to Napoleon during the war, according to which he promised to return the land to the Jews if he were to succeed in his conquest of \"Palestine\" (Southern Syria), was meant to capture Farhi’s attention and betray his master by switching his support to the French. However, Napoleon never showed any particular interest in winning over the Jews of Ottoman Syria during his campaign there, though his account of the military campaign records that a rumour among Syrian Jews had it that after Napoleon took Acre, he would go to Jerusalem and restore Solomon's temple. After the death of al-Jazzar in 1804, his \"mamluk\" Sulayman Pasha succeeded to the Pashalik of Akko. Under him, the Jews enjoyed, according to one traveller, 'perfect religious freedom', and were relieved of the substantial fines they were frequently compelled to pay under al-Jazzar, and were obliged to pay only the customary \"kharadj\". Sulayman continued working with Farhi and employed him much as his own father had. Sulayman held sway over the region until his death in 1819, when he bequeathed his power to Farhi's adopted son, Abdullah Pasha ibn Ali, the orphan of a bey who had died prematurely. However, Abdullah determined to rid himself of his foster-father, Farhi. When Farhi got word of the decision, he refused to flee, believing such an action would imperil his fellow Jews in the kingdom. On 21 August 1820, soldiers appeared at Farhi's residence in Acre, denouncing him as a traitor. They seized and strangled him to death, and ransacked his house. His family was denied permission to bury his body. The family assets were expropriated and Farhi's body was cast into the sea. The family escaped to Damascus; Farhi's wife, unable to withstand the rigours of the journey, died on the way, in Safed. Abdullah then compelled the Jews of Acre and Safed to pay in full all the back taxes they would have owed had they not been exempted, through Farhi's good offices, from paying over the years. Farhi's murder precipitated what one recent historian of the city called \"the first, serious ... existential crisis\" for Acre. When word of Farhi's murder reached Damascus, his brothers, Salomon, Raphael, and Moise, swore to avenge him. They hired Turkish officers in Damascus and Aleppo to that purpose, wrote to Chalabi Carmona, an influential Jew of Constantinople, to ask the Sultan for justice, and requested a firman to that effect. Carmona obtained from Grand Mufti of Constantinople",
"family escaped to Damascus; Farhi's wife, unable to withstand the rigours of the journey, died on the way, in Safed. Abdullah then compelled the Jews of Acre and Safed to pay in full all the back taxes they would have owed had they not been exempted, through Farhi's good offices, from paying over the years. Farhi's murder precipitated what one recent historian of the city called \"the first, serious ... existential crisis\" for Acre. When word of Farhi's murder reached Damascus, his brothers, Salomon, Raphael, and Moise, swore to avenge him. They hired Turkish officers in Damascus and Aleppo to that purpose, wrote to Chalabi Carmona, an influential Jew of Constantinople, to ask the Sultan for justice, and requested a firman to that effect. Carmona obtained from Grand Mufti of Constantinople Sheikh ul-Islam, the supreme religious authority of the Ottoman Empire, a firman requiring the governors of Damascus, Aleppo and two other pashas to lend their troops to the three brothers in their pursuance of justice against Abdullah. In April 1821 the Farhi brothers arrived with a large army in the Akko Sanjak. They first conquered the Galilee, defeating the armies Abdullah sent to meet them, and appointing new rulers to take away his authority in every region they conquered. When they finally reached Acre, they besieged it for 14 months. During the siege, the eldest brother, Salomon, was poisoned (according to some sources, stabbed) by Abdullah's emissaries, and the surviving brothers, despairing of the siege, withdrew with their troops to Damascus. Farhi's residence still stands today in Acre, but it is not open to visitors. Acre also has a square in his honour in the old sector of the city. Haim Farhi Haim Farhi (, ; , also known as Haim \"El Mu'allim\" lit. \"The Teacher\"), (1760 – August 21, 1820) was an adviser to the governors of the Galilee in the days of the Ottoman Empire. Among the Jews he was known as Hakham"
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"Health in Scotland The health of the Scottish population is, and has been for many years, worse than that of the English. Life expectancy is the lowest in the UK, at 77.1 for men and 81.1 for women, and one of the lowest in the OECD. The gap between Scotland and England has grown since 1980. Some of this is clearly attributable to economic disadvantage, but the differences in health status are more pronounced that would be expected on that basis. It has often been suggested that the Scottish diet is to blame. This is particularly so in Glasgow and the Glasgow effect has been the subject of some academic study. The Health and Sport Committee has called for more action to tackle Scotland’s “obesogenic environment”. The tobacco control strategy has had a \"positive impact\". Scottish smoking rates fell from 31% in 2003 to 21% in 2015. There is a socio-economic gradient with 35% of people living in the most deprived areas smoking compared to 10% in the most affluent areas. There is some evidence that Scottish patients more often seek medical help with stress, anxiety and depression than English patients. To help combat this, Scotland has put in place a Mental Health Strategy. The strategy began in 2016 and will last for ten years. It aims to increase accessibility of mental healthcare towards children and adolescents, improve attitudes towards mental illness, and educate the community. The overall goal is to improve how people in Scotland live, grow, work, and age. Health in Scotland The health of the Scottish population is, and has been for many years, worse than that of the English. Life expectancy is the lowest in the UK, at 77.1 for men and 81.1 for women, and one of the lowest in the OECD. The gap between"
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"San Luca, Venice The church of San Luca Evangelista is a church in the sestiere of San Marco in Venice, Italy. A parish church stood at the site since the 11th century, patronized by the patrician Dandolo and Pizzamano families. Restored over the centuries, it underwent major reconstruction in the early 1600s, and was reconsecrated in 1617. The facade is simple, but the interior has a rich decoration. The walls and the ceiling were frescoed by Sebastiano Santi. In the altar in the presbytery is an altarpiece depicting \"The Virgin appears to St. Luke as he writes the Gospel\" by Paolo Veronese. In the right lateral chapel is an altarpiece of \"Virgin and Saints\" by Palma il Giovane. In the second altar to the left, is a painting depicting \"Lorenzo Giustiniani, first Patriarch of Venice, defeating the plague and distributing alms\" by Carlo Loth. San Luca, Venice The church of San Luca Evangelista is a church in the sestiere of San Marco in Venice, Italy. A parish church stood at the site since the 11th century, patronized by the patrician Dandolo and Pizzamano families. Restored over the centuries, it underwent major reconstruction in the early 1600s, and was reconsecrated in"
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"Ian Stewart (mathematician) Ian Nicholas Stewart (born 24 September 1945) is a British mathematician and a popular-science and science-fiction writer. He is Emeritus Professor of Mathematics at the University of Warwick, England. Stewart was born in 1945 in England. While in the sixth form at Harvey Grammar School in Folkestone he came to the attention of the mathematics teacher. The teacher had Stewart sit mock A-level examinations without any preparation along with the upper-sixth students; Stewart was placed first in the examination. He was awarded a scholarship to study at the University of Cambridge as an undergraduate student of Churchill College, Cambridge, where he studied the Mathematical Tripos and obtained a first-class Bachelor of Arts degree in mathematics in 1966. Stewart then went to the University of Warwick where his PhD on Lie algebras was supervised by Brian Hartley and completed in 1969. After his PhD, Stewart was offered an academic position at Warwick. He is well known for his popular expositions of mathematics and his contributions to catastrophe theory. While at Warwick, Stewart edited the mathematical magazine \"Manifold\". He also wrote a column called \"Mathematical Recreations\" for \"Scientific American\" magazine from 1991 to 2001. This followed the work of past columnists like Martin Gardner, Douglas Hofstadter, and A.K. Dewdney. Altogether, he wrote 96 columns for \"Scientific American\", which were later reprinted in the books \"Math Hysteria\", \"How to Cut a Cake: And Other Mathematical Conundrums\" and \"Cows in the Maze\". Stewart has held visiting academic positions in Germany (1974), New Zealand (1976), and the US (University of Connecticut 1977–78, University of Houston 1983–84). Stewart has published more than 140 scientific papers, including a series of influential papers co-authored with Jim Collins on coupled oscillators and the symmetry of animal gaits. Stewart has collaborated with Jack Cohen and Terry Pratchett on four popular science books based on Pratchett's \"Discworld\". In 1999 Terry Pratchett made both Jack Cohen and Professor Ian Stewart \"Honorary Wizards of the Unseen University\" at the same ceremony at which the University of Warwick gave Terry Pratchett an honorary degree. In March 2014 Ian Stewart's iPad app, Incredible Numbers by Professor Ian Stewart, launched in the App Store. The app was produced in partnership with Profile Books and Touch Press. In 1995 Stewart received the Michael Faraday Medal and in 1997 he gave the Royal Institution Christmas Lecture on \"The Magical Maze\". He was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2001. Stewart was the first recipient of the Christopher Zeeman Medal, awarded jointly by the London Mathematical Society (LMS) and the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications (IMA) for his work on promoting mathematics. Stewart married his wife, Avril, in 1970. They met at a party at a house that Avril was renting while she was trained as a nurse. They have two sons. He lists his recreations as science fiction, painting, guitar, keeping fish, geology, Egyptology and snorkelling. Ian Stewart (mathematician) Ian Nicholas Stewart (born 24 September 1945) is a British mathematician and"
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"James Benjamin Seymour James Benjamin Seymour (28 November 1867 – 11 June 1950), of Great Britain, was a philatelist who created an award winning collection, and who wrote some of the key works in British philately. Seymour collected stamps of Great Britain and created a collection of stamps and postal history of that country that won numerous awards at national and international exhibitions. After his death, his collection was auctioned by Robson Lowe. James Seymour contributed the section on British line engraved stamps in the Kohl Briefmarken-Handbuch, published in Germany in 1923. He and the editor, Dr Herbert Munk jointly received the Sieger Medal in 1931 for the best philatelic work in the German language that year. Seymour was also the author of \"Stamps of Great Britain: The Line-engraved Issues, 1840 to 1853\". He completed a revised edition of the book in 1950. Seymour was active within the philatelic community. He served both the International Philatelic Union and the Royal Philatelic Society London as president. And, at the l'Academie de Philatélie, he was elected as a corresponding member. Seymour was also a member of the Fiscal Philatelic Society. James Benjamin Seymour received numerous philatelic awards from his and other countries. He signed the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1931 and was named to the American Philatelic Society Hall of Fame in 1951. Seymour was a President of The Magic Circle. James Benjamin Seymour James Benjamin Seymour (28 November 1867 – 11 June 1950), of Great Britain, was a philatelist who created an award winning collection, and who wrote some of the key works in British philately. Seymour collected stamps of Great Britain and created a collection of stamps and postal history of that country that won numerous awards at national and international exhibitions. After his death, his collection was auctioned"
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"Fence Viewer A Fence Viewer is a town or city official who administers fence laws by inspecting new fences and settles disputes arising from trespass by livestock that have escaped enclosure. The office of Fence Viewer is one of the oldest appointments in New England. The office emigrated along with New England pioneers to the Midwest as well, where the office still exists. New England farmers clearing their land during the 17th century were confronted with boulders and stones left by retreating glaciers. They cleared their fields of the boulders with horses and built stone walls along the edges of their fields, frequently at the property boundary. Many of these walls still exist. A Fence Viewer was needed on those occasions when walls were eroded, moved, or modified illegally. This was a serious offense. The term \"fence viewer\" has been traced back to 1661. Upon request of any citizen, the Fence Viewer views fences to see that they are in good repair and in case of disputes between neighbors, works to resolve their differences. Problems such as size, condition, and distance from property lines are complaints that still arise between neighbors. In Connecticut, fence viewer is a duty assigned as needed to a selectman or other official. The fence viewer can use their judgment to determine if a fence is sufficient and equivalent to the type of fence required by statute. Selectmen serving as fence viewers receive compensation of two dollars per day. Local governments may also appoint a person, or a committee of three people, to perform the function of fence viewer. If a property owner builds a fence around his property, and then subsequently an adjoining property owner encloses the adjacent property, the second party must purchase one half of the fence built by the first party on the common property line. If the two parties cannot reach an agreement, a fence viewer will determine the amount to be paid. Fence viewers also inspect divisional fences in need of repair and notify the negligent party to repair the fence, and estimate the cost to be paid to the adjoining property owner to make the repairs if the negligent owner fails to comply. The state of Delaware provides that fence viewers assess damages resulting from the trespass of a horse, cattle, goat, sheep or hog on a fenced property. If an animal is \"unruly\" and breaks a fence, damages are doubled. Fence viewers are appointed by the Superior Court annually, and there must be between five and eight per one hundred capita. Fence viewers act in groups of three so there will be a majority. They are paid eight dollars per day and compensated seven cents per mile for travel to the location of any dispute. Fence viewers judge if a fence is in disrepair and order that it be fixed; however, if the order goes unheeded, the matter is turned over to a Justice of the Peace. In Maine, fence viewers use their judgement to determine if a fence is legal and sufficient. Fence viewers inspect and certify repairs to boundary fences done when one owner is negligent. They may also be involved in authorizing a boundary fence to be built on other than the true boundary if building on the boundary is impractical. Fence viewers determine the amount to be paid in situations when one party is purchasing the half of a boundary fence they don't already own. All actions involving fence viewers in Maine require decisions to be made by a minimum of two fence viewers. If fence viewers are involved with a fence that is on a boundary line between two different towns, one fence viewer must be from each town. Maine fence viewers are paid $3 a per day. Any fence viewer who, when requested, unreasonably neglects to view any fence or to perform any other duties required of the fence viewer forfeits $3 to any person suing therefor within 40 days after such neglect and is liable for all damages to the party injured. In Massachusetts, this position was first established in 1693 by a statute which was amended in 1785 and again in 1836. Early Fence Viewers, armed with wall measurements, were able to arbitrate and/or prosecute such crimes by adjoining farmers. Trespassing by livestock was illegal. Boundaries and fences had to be maintained. If a farmer neglected his fence, his neighbor could do the repairs and charge his nonperforming neighbor twice the cost. If the negligent neighbor didn't come up with the money, he had to pay 12% interest until payment was made. Today, the Fence Viewer advises lot owners prior to constructing a fence. The height of the fence can be no higher than six feet except near intersections. Lot owners at intersections cannot erect a fence nor shrubbery closer than five feet to allow good visibility. A fence or shrub near there must be no higher than three feet. Spite fences erected to annoy neighbors are illegal. The Fence Viewer has the power to order such fences changed to be inoffensive. If hostilities escalate, the building inspector is asked to become involved. His word is final. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts General Laws chapter 49 describe in detail the obligations of lot owners. In New Hampshire, fence viewers resolve disputes about the purchase of a division of a boundary fence. They are called to view if a fence is in disrepair and can order it to be fixed. They determine the suitability of streams, ditches, etc. to be considered sufficient as fences, and designate where a fence be built when it is impractical to build it on the boundary line without unreasonable cost. Fence viewers are required to give notices in writing of any action, to hear any evidence, and make their decision in writing. New Hampshire law states that \"the decision of the fence-viewers, upon their being sworn that they have acted impartially, uprightly and to the best of their judgment, shall be final and conclusive upon the parties.\" If a fence is on a boundary line between two different towns, fence views from only one town are used. Fence viewers are paid two dollars per day. Fence viewers in New York resolve disputes about maintenance of division fences and the value of a division fence to be transferred. Disputes are resolved by any two of the fence viewers of a town, with one selected by each party to the dispute. If the two fence viewers do not agree, they select a third fence viewer which results in a majority decision which when filed in writing becomes final. Fence viewers may question and subpoena witnesses, and are paid one dollar and fifty cents per day. Fence viewers assess damages from neglected or unbuilt fences, including damages caused by animals not kept on the owner's property. They can specify the distance between posts of a barbed wire division fence. Fence viewers are compensated ten cents per mile for travel related to escape of animals. They are also charged with selling at auction strays that are not redeemed by the owner. Pennsylvania repealed all state laws relating to fence viewers in 1992 but kept the terminology by stating that in disputes over division fences, the county surveyor, or a surveyor appointed by a judge of the court of common pleas, shall act as a fence viewer. The surveyor inspects the fence to determine sufficiency, or if the fence can be repaired and at what cost, or the estimated cost of a replacement. A surveyor acting as a fence viewer can charge up to twenty-five dollars. In Rhode Island, division fences cannot be made of barbed-wire unless both adjoining owners consent in writing. If a barbed-wire fence is erected without proper consent, the town fence viewer notifies that the fence be removed, and if it is not taken down, the fence viewer removes the fence and stores the material. Barbed-wire fences built prior to April 20, 1906 are exempt. Fence viewers also determine the cost to be paid for a division fence if the owners do not otherwise agree. As in other states, they resolve disputes concerning the maintenance of fences and can order the delinquent party to build, repair, or",
"sufficiency, or if the fence can be repaired and at what cost, or the estimated cost of a replacement. A surveyor acting as a fence viewer can charge up to twenty-five dollars. In Rhode Island, division fences cannot be made of barbed-wire unless both adjoining owners consent in writing. If a barbed-wire fence is erected without proper consent, the town fence viewer notifies that the fence be removed, and if it is not taken down, the fence viewer removes the fence and stores the material. Barbed-wire fences built prior to April 20, 1906 are exempt. Fence viewers also determine the cost to be paid for a division fence if the owners do not otherwise agree. As in other states, they resolve disputes concerning the maintenance of fences and can order the delinquent party to build, repair, or rebuild a fence. The fence viewer also files a lien for twice the cost to complete such an order if it is ignored. The fence viewer is entitled to six dollars per day and must pay five dollars per day for failing to perform their function. A complainant may file a complaint about a fence with any fence viewer they choose from the town in which the subject fence is located. Rhode Island also has a criminal law against the impersonation of a fence viewer, with a fine of $20 to $100. Fence viewers played a more active part in Vermont in the 18th and 19th centuries. Today they are rarely used. On occasion, the selectmen will call upon them to examine a fence line between adjoining properties to determine what portion of the fence must be made, repaired, or maintained by each party. Fence Viewers may also be asked to determine where a fence must be placed when a fence cannot be placed squarely on a property line. Three Fence Viewers are appointed by the selectmen each year. They must be qualified voters of the town and must be sworn into office. Fence Viewers examine fences and other boundaries within the town when requested to do so by the selectmen. For more than 100 years farmers across the state of Nebraska relied on fence viewers to play the role of mediators in disputes between landowners regarding the cost of fencing. When neighbors cannot agree on what type of fence to build, how to maintain the fence and/or how to pay for it, either neighbor can request a fence view. The local county clerk is then responsible for appointing a three-member fence viewer committee. Fence Viewers then determine what type of fence should be built and how construction and maintenance costs will be shared, as well as establish a portion of the fence for each neighbor to maintain. In 2007 the Nebraska Legislature repealed the law, sending the responsibilities of Fence Viewers to local courts. Fence Viewer A Fence Viewer is a town or city official who administers fence laws by inspecting new fences and settles disputes arising from trespass by livestock that have escaped enclosure. The office of Fence Viewer is one of the oldest appointments in New England. The office emigrated along with New England pioneers to the Midwest as well, where the office still exists. New England farmers clearing their land during the 17th century were confronted with boulders and stones left by retreating glaciers. They cleared their fields of the boulders with horses and built stone walls"
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"Apollonia-Arsuf Apollonia (Greek ) was an ancient city in Hellenistic and Roman Judea, in the Byzantine period renamed to Sozusa (, or \"Sozusa in Palaestina\" to differentiate it from Sozusa in Libya). It was situated on a cliff above the Mediterranean Sea, about south of Caesarea. It fell to the Muslim conquest in 640 and was fortified against Byzantine attacks and became known as Arsuf ( \"ʾArsūf\", Latinized \"Arsur\"). In 1101 it was conquered by the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, and was a strategically important stronghold in the Third Crusade, during which the Battle of Arsuf (1191) was fought nearby. The fortified city and the castle fell to the Mamluks in 1265, when both were completely destroyed. The site of Arsuf (\"Tel Arshaf\"; , also \"Apollonia–Arsuf\" ) is now in Herzliya municipality, Israel (just north of Tel Aviv). The site was intensively excavated from 1994. In 2002 Apollonia National Park was opened to the public. The city is first recorded under its Greek name \"Apollonia\" in the final decades of the Persian period (mid-4th century BC). In a long-standing suggestion, first proposed by Clermont-Ganneau in 1876, it was assumed that the Greek name was given due to the \"interpretatio graeca\" of the Canaanite deity Resheph (\"ršp\") with Apollo (as god of the plague), suggesting that the settlement would originally have been a \"Phoenician\" (Canaanite) foundation. The Semitic name \"ršp\" would then have been \"restored\" in the medieval Arabic toponym of \"Arsūf\". While there is no archaeological evidence for a settlement prior to the Persian period, Izre’el (1999) upholds this identification, suggesting that the Semitic name might have been preserved by the Aramaic-speaking Samaritan community. The Samaritan chronicle of Abu l-Fath (14th century, written in Arabic) records a toponym \"rʿšfyn\" (with ayin). Izre’el (1999) considers the possibility of identifying this toponym with the Arabic \"Arsūf\", assuming that the ayin may derive from a \"mater lectionis\" used in Samaritan Aramaic orthography. A tradition connecting the name with the biblical Resheph, a grandson of Ephraim, is spurious. The name of the nearby Israeli settlement of \"Rishpon\" was given in 1936, inspired by a misreading of an inscription of Tiglath-Pileser III, where *\"rašpūna\" was read for \"kašpūna\"; recognition of the misreading rendered void the identification of \"Arsuf\" with a supposed Iron Age Phoenician settlement of *\"Rašpūna\". The renaming of \"Apollonia\" \"city of Apollo\" to \"Sozusa\" (Σώζουσα \"Sōzousa\") \"city of the Saviour\" took place in the (early Byzantine) period, under the influence of Christianity as the state religion, motivated by \"Soter\" (Σωτήρ) \"savior\" being a byname of Apollo as well as of Christ. The renaming is paralleled in at least three other cities called \"Apollonia\": Sozusa in Cyrenaica, Sozopolis in Pisidia and Sozopolis in Thrace. The identification of ancient Apollonia with Byzantine-era Sozusa is due to Stark (1852). The site is variously referred to as \"Apollonia, Arsin, Arsuf, Arsuph, Arsur, Arsuth, Assur, Orsuf\" and \"Sozusa\" in Crusader-era documents. Although some Chalcolithic and Iron Age remains were uncovered at the site, there is no evidence that there was a settlement prior to the Persian period (ca. 500 BC). While the importance of the town was overshadowed by both Jaffa and Caesarea, Apollonia developed into a regional center after the decline of its neighbouring site at Tel Michal in the Late Persian period, and was likely the main city and harbour in the southern Sharon Plain by the mid-4th century BC. It is mentioned in the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax. During the Hellenistic period it was a port town ruled by the Seleucids. Under Roman rule, the town prospered and grew into the chief commercial and industrial centre of the region between the Poleg and Yarkon rivers. In AD 113, Apollonia was destroyed partially by an earthquake, but recovered quickly. Apollonia is mentioned by Pliny, \"Hist. nat.\", V, 14, and Ptolemy, V, xv, 2, between Cæsarea and Joppa, and by other ancient authors, including Josephus, \"Ant. jud.\", XIII, xv, 4, Appianus, \"Hist. rom. Syr.\", 57. The Roman proconsul, Gabinius, found it ruined in 57 BC, and had it rebuilt (Josephus, \"Bel. jud.\", I, viii, 4). Apollonia is depicted in the Tabula Peutingeriana, on the coastal highway between Joppa and Caesarea, at the distance of 22 miles from Caesarea, confirming the identification of Arsuf with Apollonia. There was no coin minting in Apollonia, confirming that the town did not have the role of a Roman provincial center but was rather considered a medium-sized coastal town like Jamnia and Azotus. \"Sozusa in Palaestina\" was the name of the city in the late Roman province of Palaestina Prima, and its episcopal see was a suffragan of Caesarea, the provincial capital. The name had changed from Apollonia to Sozusa before 449, when Bishop Baruchius signed the acts of the Robber Council of Ephesus with this title. The death of patriarch Modestus in 630 in the city is recorded in both Georgian and Arabic texts, the Georgian texts using \"Sozos\" (for \"Sozusa\") and the Arabic texts \"Arsuf\", suggesting that both names remained in use for some time in the early medieval period. In 640, the town fell to the Muslim conquest. The Arabic name \"Arsuf\" or \"Ursuf\" occurs in works of Arab geographers from the 10th century. In the Middle Ages, Sozusa was confused with Antipatris. The identity of medieval Arsuf with ancient Apollonia was first noted by Clermont-Ganneau in 1876. The town's area decreased to about and, for the first time, it was surrounded by a fortified wall with buttresses, to resist the constant attacks of Byzantine fleets from the sea. At the time of the Muslim conquest, Sozusa was inhabited by Samaritans. In 809, following the death of Harun al-Rashid, the local Samaritan community was destroyed and their synagogue ruined. Godfrey de Bouillon attempted to capture it, but failed for want of ships (William of Tyre, IX, x). King Baldwin I took it in 1102, after a siege by land and sea, allowing the inhabitants to withdraw to Ascalon. The Crusaders, who called it \"Arsur\", rebuilt the city's walls and created the Lordship of Arsur in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. In 1187 Arsuf was recaptured by the Muslims, but fell again to the Crusaders on 7 September 1191 after the Battle of Arsuf, fought between the forces of Richard I of England and Saladin. John of Ibelin, Lord of Beirut became Lord of Arsuf in 1207 when he married Melisende of Arsuf. Their son John of Arsuf (d. 1258) inherited the title. The title then passed to John of Arsuf's eldest son Balian of Arsuf (d. 1277). He built new walls, the large castle and new harbor in 1241. In 1251 Louis IX of France re-erected its ramparts. From 1261, the city was ruled by the Knights Hospitaller. In 1265, sultan Baibars, ruler of the Mamluks, captured Arsuf, after 40 days of siege. The inhabitants were killed or sold as slaves and the town completely razed. The destruction was so complete that the site was abandoned and never regained its urban character - in the 14th century the geographer Abulfeda said it contained no inhabitants (\"Tabula Syriæ\", 82). According to Mujir al-Din (writing c. 1496), the Sidna Ali Mosque just south of Arsuf was dedicated by Baibars at the site of a saint's tomb where he prayed for victory prior to retaking Arsuf. In 1596, Ottoman tax registers recorded a village there with 22 families and 4 bachelors. It appeared, just named \"village\" on the map that Pierre Jacotin compiled during Napoleon's invasion of 1799. \"Sozusa in Palaestina\" is listed as a titular see in the \"Annuario Pontificio\". Due to the confusion regarding the location of the ancient city, it was also assigned under the name \"Antipatris\". Its last titular bishop of the Latin Church was Francis Joseph McSorley, the Apostolic Vicar of Jolo (d. 1970). It has no longer been assigned since, in accordance with the practice established after the Second Vatican",
"to Mujir al-Din (writing c. 1496), the Sidna Ali Mosque just south of Arsuf was dedicated by Baibars at the site of a saint's tomb where he prayed for victory prior to retaking Arsuf. In 1596, Ottoman tax registers recorded a village there with 22 families and 4 bachelors. It appeared, just named \"village\" on the map that Pierre Jacotin compiled during Napoleon's invasion of 1799. \"Sozusa in Palaestina\" is listed as a titular see in the \"Annuario Pontificio\". Due to the confusion regarding the location of the ancient city, it was also assigned under the name \"Antipatris\". Its last titular bishop of the Latin Church was Francis Joseph McSorley, the Apostolic Vicar of Jolo (d. 1970). It has no longer been assigned since, in accordance with the practice established after the Second Vatican Council regarding all titular sees situated in what were the eastern patriarchates. The site was incorporated in Herzeliya municipality in 1924. At the time, a village called al-Haram existed adjacent to the ruins, but it was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, and the area south of the site was built up as the \"Shikun Olim\" ( \"immigrant housing\") district of Herzeliya in the 1950s. Rishpon was established in 1936 to the immediate north-east of the site. It is part of the Hof HaSharon Regional Council, Central District. Arsuf is a modern \"exclusive clifftop community\" named for Arsuf, built in 1995 north of the site, in Hof HaSharon Regional Council. The site of Apollonia-Arsuf was excavated in the 1990s and opened for visitors as \"Apollonia National Park\" in 2002. Excavations were ongoing as of 2015. The excavation report is prepared in three volumes, of which the first was published in 1999. The second and third volume, covering the excavation seasons until 2015, were in preparation as of 2016. The remains above ground before the excavations included the medieval city wall and moat, enclosing an area of about 90 dunam, a Crusader castle with a double-wall system with an area of about 4 dunam, a port with built jetties and a sheltered anchorage, protected by a sandstone reef. Large amounts of pottery were recovered in the area surrounding the city, mostly of the Byzantine and early Islamic period, indicating that the city extended significantly beyond its old walls in the 7th century. A large Roman-era \"villa maritima\" was uncovered to the south of the site. Apollonia-Arsuf Apollonia (Greek ) was an ancient city in Hellenistic and Roman Judea, in the Byzantine period renamed to Sozusa (, or \"Sozusa in"
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"Cyril Crowe Wing Commander Cyril Marconi Crowe (6 January 1894 – 31 May 1974) was a World War I flying ace credited with 15 victories. Crowe was the only child of Mr. and Mrs. Edward Crowe of Saltburn-by-the-Sea, Yorkshire, He was educated at Mill Hill School from 1907 until 1911. Crowe was granted Aviator's Certificate No. 898 on 8 September 1914 after flying at the Grahame-White Flying School at Hendon Aerodrome. On 1 October, he was commissioned in the Royal Flying Corps as a probationary second lieutenant, was appointed a flying officer on 22 December, and confirmed in his rank on 6 January 1915. On 24 April 1915, he was promoted to lieutenant. Crowe was appointed a flight commander with the temporary rank of captain on 14 October, and 1 December was promoted from temporary captain to captain. When the founding Officer Commanding of No. 56 Squadron, Major Richard Blomfield, went recruiting pilots for the new unit, Crowe was chosen on the basis of his skills to be a flight commander. He came aboard as leader of \"B\" Flight on 19 April 1917. He scored his first victory on 24 April 1917; by 30 April, his count stood at four. Crowe was involved in Albert Ball's last dogfight on 7 May, and was the last British pilot to see Ball still alive. Crowe reported that Ball was last seen flying into a thunderhead. Between 23 May and 16 June, Crowe increased his number of aerial victories by five, to bring his total to nine. On 26 October 1917 Crowe was appointed a squadron commander, with the temporary rank of major, to serve as an instructor at the Central Flying School, remaining in that post until 21 February 1918, when he also relinquished his temporary rank. Crowe returned to No. 56 Squadron, accounting for five more enemy aircraft between 18 March and 1 July. Upon James McCudden's death on 9 July, Crowe took over as commander of No. 60 Squadron, with another appointment to the temporary rank of major. By then, his tally stood at 14 victories. On 29 July, he crashed a car into a tree while returning from a party in Dieppe. The accident killed his old schoolmate Owen Scholte, as well as Major Foggin. The resultant court-martial reduced Crowe to the rank of captain for a month. He was then reinstated in the rank of major and given command of No. 85 Squadron. He scored his fifteenth and last victory for them on 16 September 1918. Crowe's talents as a fighter pilot were described by Arthur Rhys-Davids, one of the pilots in \"B\" Flight, 56 Squadron: \"Crowe is not afraid of anything and goes after old Huns like a rocket and yet he is extraordinarily prudent.\" Crowe eventually left the RAF, being transferred to the Unemployed List on 25 September 1919. Crowe married Elena Temperley at Saint John's Anglican church in Buenos Aires, Argentina, on 21 September 1929. They went on to have four children: Robin, Peter, Sally Eyrielle, and Bettina Frederica. Crowe was granted a commission as a flight lieutenant (and honorary squadron leader) in the Reserve of Air Force Officers on 20 November 1937. On 1 September 1939 Crowe relinquished his reserve commission and joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve as a flight lieutenant, with seniority from 13 March. He rose to the rank of wing commander. On 24 September 1947 he returned to the Reserve of Air Force Officers with the rank of flight lieutenant, until finally relinquishing his commission on 27 May 1954. Cyril Crowe Wing Commander Cyril Marconi Crowe (6 January 1894"
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"Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway The Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway, also known as the Big Four Railroad and commonly abbreviated CCC&StL, was a railroad company in the Midwestern United States. It operated in affiliation with the New York Central system. Its primary routes were in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio. At the end of 1925 it reported 2,391 route-miles and 4,608 track-miles; that year it carried 8180 million net ton-miles of revenue freight and 488 million passenger-miles. The railroad was formed on June 30, 1889, by the merger of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis Railway, the Cincinnati, Indianapolis, St. Louis and Chicago Railway and the Indianapolis and St. Louis Railway. The following year, the company gained control of the former Indiana, Bloomington and Western Railway (through the foreclosed Ohio, Indiana and Western Railway and through an operating agreement with the Peoria and Eastern Railway). In 1906 the Big Four was acquired by the New York Central Railroad, which operated it as a separate entity until around 1930. The Big Four's lines were later incorporated into Penn Central in 1968 with the merger of New York Central and the Pennsylvania Railroad. Penn Central declared bankruptcy in 1970, and in 1976 many of Big Four's lines were included in the government-sponsored Conrail. Conrail was privatized in 1987 and in 1997 was jointly acquired by CSX and Norfolk Southern. The railroad was headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana, in the Chesapeake Building at 105 S. Meridian Street. The building was constructed for the railroad in 1929 and was also known as the Big Four Building. In 1996 this multi-story structure became a Hampton Inn hotel. Between 1904 and 1908 the railroad constructed a repair shop for steam locomotives, and passenger and freight cars in Beech Grove, Indiana. Amtrak purchased the facility, now known as the Beech Grove Shops, from the bankrupt Penn Central in 1975. The railroad once operated a terminal at Bellefontaine, Ohio which included the largest roundhouse in use at that time between New York City and St. Louis, Missouri. Conrail closed the Bellefontaine terminal in 1983, and its roundhouse was dismantled. A large yard facility known as Big Four Yards is located in Avon, Indiana along the line's tracks, now owned and operated by CSX. In 1895 the railroad acquired what became known as the Big Four Bridge across the Ohio River at Louisville, Kentucky, thereby giving it access to that city. Use of the bridge for railroad purposes ceased by 1968, and it sat abandoned until work began by 2006 to convert it to use by pedestrians and bicyclists. Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway The Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway, also known as the Big Four Railroad and commonly abbreviated CCC&StL, was a railroad company in the Midwestern United States. It operated in affiliation with the New York Central system. Its primary routes were in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio. At the end of 1925 it reported 2,391 route-miles and 4,608"
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"Sophus Falck Sophus August Falck (15 November 1864 in Copenhagen - 29 July 1926 in Copenhagen) was a Danish pioneer in the area of fire fighting and rescue services. In 1906 he founded the company Falck Rescue Corps (). This later evolved into one of the world's biggest security and emergency services corporations. Sophus Falck was quoted for saying: \"Rapid assistance is double assistance”, this was the motto on which Falck had established his business. Falck's business would flourish due to his philosophy on the important of service without consideration of compensation or reward, he was quoted: \"To prevent or limit the consequences of accidents or destruction ... Respond when people or animals are in danger of life, and assist whether payment is possible or not.\". He would name his company after his own surname. Sophus Falck Sophus August Falck (15 November 1864 in Copenhagen - 29 July 1926 in Copenhagen) was a Danish pioneer in the area of fire fighting and rescue services. In 1906 he founded the company Falck Rescue Corps (). This later evolved into one of the world's biggest security and emergency services corporations. Sophus Falck was quoted for saying: \"Rapid assistance is double assistance”, this"
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"Covenant College Covenant College is a Christian liberal arts college in Lookout Mountain, Georgia. Founded in 1955 in Pasadena, California as an agency of the Bible Presbyterian Church, Covenant College and Covenant Theological Seminary moved its campus to St. Louis, Missouri the following year. Following a split among the Bible Presbyterians, it became affiliated with the Bible Presbyterian Church-Columbus Synod (renamed the Evangelical Presbyterian Church in 1961). In 1964, it separated from the seminary, moving to Lookout Mountain, Georgia. In 1965, it was the site of the merger between the Evangelical Presbyterian Church and the Reformed Presbyterian Church, General Synod to form the Reformed Presbyterian Church, Evangelical Synod. It became and remains an agency of the Presbyterian Church in America after the 1982 merger between the RPCES and the PCA. As such, Covenant stands in the Reformed and Presbyterian traditions. Covenant College offers liberal arts education from a Reformed Christian perspective. The focus of the college is found in its motto, \"In All Things Christ Preeminent.\" The purpose of this focus is to ground excellence in academic inquiry in a biblically grounded frame of reference. Students have call the university \"academically challenging\", but that the professors are very helpful and actively try to ensure that their students excel. The college offers Associate of Arts, Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Music, and Master of Education degrees, and several pre-professional programs. In addition, Covenant is home to the Chalmers Center for Economic and Community Development (established 1999), which offers courses and programs in community and economic development in the urban United States and throughout the developing world. Covenant's faculty is composed of 67 full-time teaching faculty members, 92% of whom hold doctorates or terminal degrees in their fields. The student-faculty ratio is 13:1. This ratio ensures a better learning environment, due to the \"personal, small class size\". The college has been accredited since 1971 by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). In 2012, Dr. J. Derek Halvorson became the sixth president of the university. After graduating from Covenant in 1993 with a BA in history, he went on to earn both an MA and PhD in history from the University of Arizona and Loyola University Chicago respectively. Covenant has sports teams that compete at the intercollegiate level in men's and women's soccer, men's and women's cross country, men's and women's tennis, men's and women's basketball, men's and women's golf, baseball, softball and women's volleyball. Its athletic teams are known as the Scots. Covenant is a member of NCAA Division III. Covenant joined the USA South Athletic Conference in 2010 where a number of its programs have won conference championships in recent years. The campus is located at the top of Lookout Mountain in Lookout Mountain, Georgia. Carter Hall is the signature building on campus. It was originally named The Lookout Mountain Hotel and was built in 1928 by the Dinkler Hotel Corporation and run by Paul Carter, for whom the building is now named. It has been rumored, although not confirmed, that Elizabeth Taylor and Eddie Fisher spent their honeymoon there. It was popularly known as the \"Castle in the Clouds.\" However, since it was completed less than a year before the Great Depression, the hotel soon went bankrupt. It opened and closed several times prior to 1960, when it shut down for the last time. Bill Brock, the grandfather of the college's fourth president, Frank Brock, served on the original board of the hotel. Both the exterior and interior of Carter Hall are Austro-Bavarian Gothic revival in style. The building has had two towers in its history. The first tower was similar in design to the Frauenkirche (Cathedral of Our Lady) in Munich. Poor maintenance before acquisition by the college required it to be rebuilt. The new tower, though considerably simpler in style, maintains the architectural style of the original tower. Covenant College bought the building in 1964, upon relocating to Lookout Mountain, Georgia. During the first few years of Covenant's operation on the mountain, all the functions of the college were contained within Carter Hall. At that time, it housed the chapel, the library, the classrooms, the professors' offices, dorm rooms, the dining hall, and administrative offices. Today, it has all of these except the library, as well as a snack bar and the campus bookstore, as well as the mailroom. The current halls of Carter are 5th South and Borderlands (men's), 4th North, Central and South (women's), 3rd North, Central and South (women's), Ghetto, 2nd Central and 2nd South (men's). From 2015 to 2017, Carter underwent significant renovations. They included improving the stucco, fixing insulation and moisture issues, and renovating the tower. Founders Hall contains three wings, each named for members of the founding generation of Covenant College. Belz Hall, the first to be built, was completed in 1972, is named after pastor and Christian educator Max Belz, a member of Covenant College's original board of trustees. Belz Hall houses approximately 100 students and was originally a men's dorm. In 1990 and 1993 two new wings were added to the structure, and the building was renamed Founders Residence Hall. Currently the dorm halls for Belz are as follows: Ekklesia (a men's hall on the main floor), Brethren (a men's hall on the second floor), 1st Belz (a men's hall on the first floor), and Catacombs (a men's floor on the basement level). Schmidt Hall, completed in 1990, is named in honor of Rudy and Collyn Schmidt, co-founders and long-time friends of the college, involved in virtually every dimension of college life since its inception. The dorm halls in Schmidt include Balcony (a women's hall on the fourth floor), Jungle (a women's hall on the main floor), and Jubilee (a women's hall on the second floor). Rayburn Hall was completed in 1993 and is named for Robert G. Rayburn, the founding president of Covenant College. The dorm halls in Rayburn include Highlands (a women's hall on the fourth floor), Gracewell (a women's hall on the main floor), and Blackwatch (a men's hall on the second floor). The Maclellan wing of the hall, built in 1998, was named in honor of the Maclellan Foundation, a longtime supporter of Covenant College. The dorm halls in Maclellan wing of the building include Sutherland (a men's hall on the second floor), Suburbs (a men's hall on the third floor), Rowan (a women's hall on the fourth floor), and Halcyon (a women's hall on the fifth floor). The Rymer wing of the building, completed in 2000, was given by Ann Caudle Rymer and her son, S. Bradford Rymer, Jr. The dorm halls in the Rymer wing include The Five Points (a men's hall on the second floor), Lawrence (a men's hall on the third floor), Harambe! (a women's hall on the fourth floor), and Chi Alpha (a women's hall on the fifth floor). Andreas Hall, completed in 2007 as part of the BUILD campaign, is located slightly south of Maclellan/Rymer Hall, and is the newest addition to the college's residence halls. It is named for Lowell Andreas, a recent financial supporter of Covenant College. It houses over 100 students and is four stories tall. The dorm halls in Andreas include Ithaca (a men's hall on the second floor), Bloodfield (a men's hall on the second floor), Ruhama (a women's hall on the third floor), Kallah (a women's hall on the third floor), The Fritz (a women's hall on the fourth floor), and Imani (a women's hall on the fourth floor). Covenant College Covenant College is a Christian liberal arts college in Lookout Mountain, Georgia. Founded in 1955 in Pasadena, California as an agency of the Bible Presbyterian Church, Covenant College and Covenant Theological Seminary moved its campus to St. Louis, Missouri the following year. Following a split among",
"to the college's residence halls. It is named for Lowell Andreas, a recent financial supporter of Covenant College. It houses over 100 students and is four stories tall. The dorm halls in Andreas include Ithaca (a men's hall on the second floor), Bloodfield (a men's hall on the second floor), Ruhama (a women's hall on the third floor), Kallah (a women's hall on the third floor), The Fritz (a women's hall on the fourth floor), and Imani (a women's hall on the fourth floor). Covenant College Covenant College is a Christian liberal arts college in Lookout Mountain, Georgia. Founded in 1955 in Pasadena, California as an agency of the Bible Presbyterian Church, Covenant College and Covenant Theological Seminary moved its campus to St. Louis, Missouri the following year. Following a split among the Bible"
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