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"Dan Burton Danny Lee Burton (born June 21, 1938) is an American politician. Burton is the former U.S. Representative for , and previously the , serving from 1983 until 2013. He is a member of the Republican Party and the Tea Party Caucus. Burton was born in Indianapolis, the son of Bonnie L. (née Hardesty) and Charles W. Burton. His father, a former policeman, was abusive to his mother, and never held a job for very long. The family moved constantly, living in trailer parks, cabins, and motels. In June 1950, some years after the couple divorced, his mother went to the police and got a restraining order against his father. He responded by kidnapping Burton's mother. Burton and his younger brother and sister were briefly sent to the Marion County Children's Guardian Home. After his mother escaped, Burton's father went to jail for two years. Burton's mother remarried, and Burton and his younger brother and sister had happier teenage years. Burton worked as a caddy at a local country club in order to make ends meet, where he learned the golf skills that led to his winning a statewide golf championship in high school. He graduated from Shortridge High School in 1957, and attended Indiana University (1958–59) and the Cincinnati Bible Seminary (now known as Cincinnati Christian University) (1959–60). He served in the United States Army from 1956 to 1957, before leaving active duty to return to college but remained in the Army Reserves from 1957 to 1962. After school, Burton became a real estate broker and he founded the Dan Burton Insurance Agency in 1968. Burton was a member of the Indiana House of Representatives from 1967 to 1968 and again from 1977 to 1980 and the Indiana State Senate from 1969 to 1970 and again from 1981 to 1982. Burton first ran for Congress in 1970, losing to Democratic incumbent Andy Jacobs in Indiana's 11th congressional district. Burton ran again in 1972, losing in the Republican primary to William Hudnut. After the 1980 census, the Republican-controlled state legislature reconfigured the 6th District into a heavily Republican district focused on the suburbs north of Indianapolis. The district's four-term Democratic incumbent, David W. Evans, opted to challenge Jacobs in the Democratic primary (which he lost) rather than face certain defeat. Burton jumped into the Republican primary halfway into his second stint in the state senate, and won a five-way Republican primary with 37% of the vote. He then defeated Democrat George Grabianowski in the general election 65%–35%. He would be reelected 14 times, never dropping below 62% in a general election. His district was renumbered as the 5th District after the 2000 census. In 2008, Burton faced a reasonably well-funded challenger in the Republican primary for the first time since his initial run for the seat in former Marion County Coroner Brigadier General Dr. John McGoff. Burton defeated McGoff 52% to 45% in the closest Republican primary election of his career. In 2010, he faced six challengers in the Republican primary. He won the primary with a plurality of 30%. He defeated State Representative Luke Messer (28%), McGoff (19%), State Representative Mike Murphy (9%), Brose McVey (8%), Andy Lyons (4%), and Ann Adcock (3%). Burton only carried a majority in one county (55%): Huntington. In 2012, Burton was due to face a number of challengers in the Republican primary including McGoff, former U.S. Attorney Susan Brooks, former U.S. Congressman David McIntosh, and attorney Jack Lugar. On the Democratic side, State Representative Scott Reske and labor activist Tony Long entered the race. While the reconfigured 5th is still a Republican stronghold, it is said to be slightly more Democratic than its predecessor. In January 2012, Burton abruptly announced his retirement, saying, \"I don't want to get into it, it's about personal problems with family health.\" Brooks won the election. In 1995, Burton authored legislation targeting foreign companies that did business with Cuba. The bill allowed foreign companies to be sued in American courts if, in dealings with the government of Fidel Castro, they acquired assets formerly owned by Americans. In February 1996, Cuba shot down two small Brothers to the Rescue planes piloted by anti-Castro Cuban-Americans. As part of the White House response to crack down on Cuba, President Clinton signed the Helms–Burton Act into law. Burton was a consistently conservative vote in the US House. In the 109th Congress, he had a 100% rating from the National Right to Life Committee. He also has an A rating with the Gun Owners of America. Burton has received a number of awards from conservative groups, including a Friend of the Farm Bureau Award in 2004 from the American Farm Bureau Federation, a True Blue Award in 2006 the Family Research Council, eight Guardian of Small Business Awards from the National Federation of Independent Business and twenty-two Spirit of Enterprise Awards from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. Burton was the primary sponsor for a 1998 effort, opposed by the Clinton administration, to require federal government agencies to do more strategic planning, establish more accountability measurements, and do more reporting on their performance. H.R. 2883, the \"Government Performance and Results Act Amendments\", was not enacted into law. In his role as chairman of the House Government Oversight Committee, Burton helped expose FBI corruption that led to the wrongful conviction of Joseph Salvati, Peter Limone, Henry Tameleo and Louis Greco for the murder of Edward \"Teddy\" Deegan. The three-year investigation that Burton spearheaded helped exonerate the four, who were eventually awarded $102 million by Judge Nancy Gertner of the District of Massachusetts. Burton served as chairman of the Republican Study Committee, a caucus of conservative House Republicans, during the 101st Congress. After Newt Gingrich yanked funding for the group in 1995, Burton joined fellow congressmen John Doolittle of California, Ernest Istook of Oklahoma and Sam Johnson of Texas in refounding it as the Conservative Action Team. The three men shared the chairmanship from 1994 to 1999. In 2001, the CAT regained its original name, the RSC. Congressman Burton is a founding member and co-chair of Pakistan Caucus in House of Congress. His consistent support for Pakistan and his voting record has prompted the Indian media to describe him as \"anti-India\" in the past. Burton has received at least $10,000 in campaign donations from Syed Ghulam Nabi Fai, who runs the Kashmir Center, a pro-Pakistan advocacy group. Burton was the chief supporter in Congress of the Kashmiri American Council, until it was revealed to be a front of Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate engaging in illegal lobbying activities on US soil. Burton has been noted for his vocal support of Bahrain's monarchy and criticism of protesters during the Bahraini uprising. In April 2012, Burton and his wife took a paid trip to Bahrain to meet with the country's rulers. The $20,966 trip was paid for by the pro-monarchy Bahrain American Council, a non-profit group established by and closely linked to Policy Impact Communications, a lobbying firm founded by William Nixon. On February 13, 2013, the Azerbaijan America Alliance announced his appointment as Chairman of the group. Burton is listed as Chairman on the organization's web site as well. In October 2015, it was reported that Burton registered as a lobbyist on behalf of the Citizens Commission on Human Rights (CCHR), an organization established by the Church of Scientology. CCHR advocates against psychiatry and psychiatric medicine, and is critical of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). It has been described by critics as a Scientology front group. While not a member of the Church, Burton attended the opening of the Church's national office in 2012 and has praised CCHR's work in the past. In July 2011, Burton was revealed by an FBI investigation to have received tainted",
"founded by William Nixon. On February 13, 2013, the Azerbaijan America Alliance announced his appointment as Chairman of the group. Burton is listed as Chairman on the organization's web site as well. In October 2015, it was reported that Burton registered as a lobbyist on behalf of the Citizens Commission on Human Rights (CCHR), an organization established by the Church of Scientology. CCHR advocates against psychiatry and psychiatric medicine, and is critical of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). It has been described by critics as a Scientology front group. While not a member of the Church, Burton attended the opening of the Church's national office in 2012 and has praised CCHR's work in the past. In July 2011, Burton was revealed by an FBI investigation to have received tainted election funds ultimately traced to the military intelligence services of Pakistan, apparently as a \"quid pro quo\" for \"supporting to Pakistan's position on Kashmir\". These funds were routed via the so-called Kashmiri American Council, run by Syed Ghulam Nabi Fai, later revealed to be a front for the Pakistani Military. Subsequently, Burton's office donated the funds to charity. Burton said, in 1998 of Bill Clinton, \"If I could prove 10 percent of what I believe happened [regarding the death of Vincent Foster], he'd be gone. This guy's a scumbag. That's why I'm after him.\" Burton led the House inquiry into the death of Vince Foster, who he believed was murdered and urged extensive investigation into the possible involvement of the Clintons. Burton gained attention for re-enacting the alleged crime in his backyard with his own pistol and a canteloupe standing in for Foster's head. After hearings into Democratic fundraising (see section below) began, a Democratic National Committee staffer appeared in a pumpkin suit with a button that read, \"Don't shoot.\" Burton's information during the Whitewater controversy was based on opposition research conducted by Floyd Brown, who founded Citizens United in 1988. Due to problems with the quality of Brown's research and testimony, the investigation was closed. In 1990, \"The New York Times\" reported that in 1989, Burton had been a \"celebrity player\" at the Bob Hope Classic in Palm Springs, Calif., the Kemper Open in Potomac, Md., the Larry Bird Golf Classic in Indianapolis, the Danny Thompson Memorial Tournament in Sun Valley, Idaho, the Sugarloaf Invitational tournament in Maine and the Arte Johnson Tournament in Chicago. Such players received free airline flights, free meals, and free lodging from tournament sponsors and, often, free merchandise. In November 1995, the House voted to prohibit members and their staffs from receiving gifts, including free meals and free travel to charity sports events. Burton, who led the effort to exempt charity trips, said that he played in two golf tournaments each year, and, \"We get more of these lobbyists in our office than we do on the golf course.\" In January 1997, Burton played in the AT&T Pebble Beach National Pro-Am, at the invitation of AT&T Corporation, the tournament sponsor. The day before the tournament, he played a practice round with Robert E. Allen, AT&T's chairman and chief executive, at a nearby country club. AT&T also hosted a campaign fund-raising dinner for Burton at a local restaurant. Three weeks earlier, Burton had become the chairman of the House Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, which had jurisdiction over the legislative agency scheduled to soon award at least $5 billion in long-distance and local telephone and telecommunications contracts with the federal government. Burton defended his participation in the tournament, saying it would not affect his objectivity when dealing with telecommunications issues. He said that he had partially paid for the trip, with his re-election campaign funds paying as well because he attended three fund-raising events while in California. In December 2004, Burton and two aides flew to the island of Guam. The trip was paid for by the Guam government and tourism industry. In addition to some official events, including touring a military facility, Burton played in a charity golf tournament. After he returned, he tried to help Guam's tourism industry get a sought-after change in visa rules. In January 2007, the House passed a measure by a vote 430–1 that banned members from accepting gifts and free trips from lobbyists and discounted trips on private planes. Burton cast the sole nay vote. In February 2007, a review by the Indianapolis Star of votes in the House of Representatives for the past decade showed that Burton had missed all votes during the Bob Hope Chrysler Classic golf tournament for five years between 2001 and 2007. The tournament, the third event each season on the PGA Tour, pairs celebrities with golf professionals for four of the five days of play. Since 2004, Burton has played in a guest spot of the Eisenhower Medical Center, the primary charitable beneficiary of the event. The slot carries with it a commitment to donate $10,000 to the event; Burton has made arrangements with the hospital to do this over a period of time. Burton's campaign committee reported donating $1,500 to the medical center in December 2004 and $6,353 in January 2006. The Indianapolis Star review also found that in 2006, Burton ranked last in voting among members of Congress from Indiana, missing 11 percent of the 541 recorded votes. In 2007, the Indianapolis Star rated his voting record as \"one of the strongest in the House, with an attendance record consistently above 95%.\" On March 29, 1995, during congressional hearings on the US War on Drugs, Burton proclaimed that the US military \"should place an aircraft carrier off the coast of Bolivia and crop dust the coca fields.\" It was later pointed out to him that (a) Bolivia is landlocked and has no coast (Burton was chairman of the Western Hemisphere Subcommittee); (b) the Bolivian coca fields (in the yungas and Amazon lowlands) are beyond the reach of any carrier-borne crop-duster, being separated from the nearest coastline (the Pacific coast of Peru and Chile) by the 20,000+ feet high peaks of the Andes; and (c) F-18s cannot crop-dust. While criticism of this misstatement was muted in Washington, it sparked a major anti-American backlash in Bolivia, derailing the same War on Drugs that Burton purported to be speaking for. In 1997, Burton headed an investigation into possible Democratic Party campaign finance abuse, focusing on the 1996 presidential election. The committee investigation ran for several years and issued over 1,000 subpoenas of Clinton administration officials and cost over $7 million. The committee, and Burton's leadership, were labeled a \"farce\", a \"travesty\", a \"parody\", and \"its own cartoon, a joke, and a deserved embarrassment\". In March 1997, as the investigation began, Burton was accused of demanding a $5,000 contribution from a Pakistani lobbyist. The lobbyist said that when he was unable to raise the funds, Burton complained to the Pakistani ambassador and threatened to make sure \"none of his friends or colleagues\" would meet with the lobbyist or his associates. In May 1998, Burton apologized for releasing edited transcripts of prison audiotapes of Webster Hubbell, a former associate of President Bill Clinton. The edited transcripts omitted substantial information and differed significantly from the original recordings. Burton was harshly criticized by members of his own party, including Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich, who called the investigation a \"circus\" and chided Burton for initially refusing to admit any error. David Bossie, the staff member who arranged the editing and release of the tapes, resigned on Burton's request. Noting that Burton had personally released the tapes and had supported Bossie's plans over the objections of other committee staffers and attorneys, Democrats urged Burton to step down as well. Minority Leader Richard A. Gephardt said, \"A",
"apologized for releasing edited transcripts of prison audiotapes of Webster Hubbell, a former associate of President Bill Clinton. The edited transcripts omitted substantial information and differed significantly from the original recordings. Burton was harshly criticized by members of his own party, including Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich, who called the investigation a \"circus\" and chided Burton for initially refusing to admit any error. David Bossie, the staff member who arranged the editing and release of the tapes, resigned on Burton's request. Noting that Burton had personally released the tapes and had supported Bossie's plans over the objections of other committee staffers and attorneys, Democrats urged Burton to step down as well. Minority Leader Richard A. Gephardt said, \"A committee staff member should not be made the scapegoat for Chairman Burton's mistakes, missteps, and misdeeds.\" Burton said, \"I take responsibility for those mistakes,\" but never resigned nor faced any consequences for his actions. In President Clinton's final year in office, Burton was mentioned in a short film for the White House Correspondent's Dinner. \"President Clinton: Final Days\", which depicted Clinton as a lonely man closing down a nearly-deserted White House. Clinton is shown hitting golf balls from the South Lawn, and gets excited when he hits a car parked in a spot near the U.S. Capitol that says \"Reserved for Chairman Burton.\" Burton has been an outspoken critic of what he terms the failure of government to determine the cause of an alleged autism epidemic. When his grandson began to show the signs of autism shortly after receiving inoculations, Burton inferred the relationship to be causal: \"My only grandson became autistic right before my eyes – shortly after receiving his federally recommended and state-mandated vaccines.\" Burton was instrumental in pressuring the National Institutes of Health to launch a five-year, $30 million study of chelation therapy for cardiovascular disease.\" In an October 25, 2000, letter to the Department of Health and Human Services, acting in his role as chairman of the House Committee on Government Reform, Burton asked the agency's director to get the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to recall all vaccines containing the preservative Thimerosal. \"We all know and accept that mercury is a neurotoxin, and yet the FDA has failed to recall the 50 vaccines that contain Thimerosal,\" Burton wrote, adding \"Every day that mercury-containing vaccines remain on the market is another day HHS is putting 8,000 children at risk.\" The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention did not agree that vaccines containing mercury caused autism, and the US FDA refused to ban the vaccines. Most manufacturers removed the preservatives from their vaccines anyway, with no resulting decrease in autism rates. Burton continues to maintain a page on his Congressional website called House.gov \"Autism\" which includes his speeches, transcripts from hearings, and newspaper articles on the relationship of autism and vaccines. In a June 2017 episode of Last Week Tonight with John Oliver a C-SPAN 2 clip from 2002 of Dan Burton was used to highlight Burton's position on vaccines in relation to autism. In the clip Burton says, \"I have yet to find any scientist who will say that there is no doubt, no doubt, that the mercury in vaccines does not contribute to autism. Now they'll say there's no scientific evidence, there's no studies or anything that proves that yet. But turn that around. There are no studies that disprove it either.\" John Oliver correctly highlights this as Burton's demand for \"proving a negative\" which he calls \"an impossible standard.\" An Arizona newspaper study ranked Burton as the fifth-biggest user of free congressional mail, sending constituents more than $190,000 worth of mail in 2007. In June 2007, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington reported that during the 2001–2006 period, Burton's campaign fund had paid $143,900 to his daughter Danielle Sarkine, who manages his campaign office. It is not illegal for federal candidates to pay family members for political work, as long as they are paid fair market value, the Federal Election Commission has ruled. On January 6, 2008, FBI whistleblower Sibel Edmonds included Dan Burton's photograph among others featured in the \"State Secrets Privilege Gallery\" posted on her website, composing images of figures considered to be relevant to her case. Later, on August 8, 2009, she gave sworn testimony about Burton and others during a witness deposition before the Ohio Elections Commission in the \"Schmidt v. Krikorian\" case, in which she stated that he had engaged in \"[E]xtremely illegal activities against the United States citizens ... and against the United States' interests\" that involved covert operations by foreign governments and entities, but did not further elaborate on these activities, ostensibly due to the limitations applied by the State Secrets Privilege. On October 2, 1989, Representative Dan Burton took to the floor of the house to argue against the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). He stated \"The ADA is a last ditch attempt of the remorseless sodomy lobby to achieve its national agenda before the impending decimation of AIDS destroys its political clout. Their Bill simply must be stopped. There will be no second chance for normal America if the ADA is passed.\" Burton's first wife, Barbara (Logan) Burton, was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1993 at the age of 56. She died in 2002 after battling breast and colon cancer. They had three children together: Kelly, Danielle and Danny. In 1995 speaking of the then recent affairs of Republican Robert Packwood and the unfolding affair of Democrat Bill Clinton Burton stated \"No one, regardless of what party they serve, no one, regardless of what branch of government they serve, should be allowed to get away with these alleged sexual improprieties...\" In 1998 the magazine \"Vanity Fair\" was to print an article detailing an affair which Burton himself had in 1983 which produced a child. Before publication Burton admitted to fathering a son with a former state employee. In August 2006, Burton married Dr. Samia Tawil in Park City, Utah. She was the internist who cared for Burton's wife, Barbara, during her battle with cancer. Tawil and her first husband had divorced in 2005. Burton's brother, Woody Burton, is a Republican member of the Indiana House of Representatives, representing District 58. Burton is a member of the board of advisors of the Institute on Religion and Public Policy. Burton is a 33° Scottish Rite Freemason, and a member of Evergreen-Oriental Lodge No. 500 in Indianapolis, Indiana. Dan Burton Danny Lee Burton (born June 21, 1938)"
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"retrieved": [
"Multivox Multivox was an American-based synthesizer company since the mid-1970s until the 1980s. Originally it was founded in the mid-1940s as the guitar and amplifier manufacturing subsidiary of Peter Sorkin Music Company (Sorkin Music), a New York-based retailer/wholesaler. Then eventually it established separate corporate identity, and after the close of Sorkin Music in the mid-1970s, it continued in existence for fourteen years, according to the \"Blue Book of Guitar Values\". In addition to synthesizers, the company marketed several effects pedals. These included the Big Jam series guitar effects line. They specialized in delivering Japanese-designed and built equipment to the American market. They usually licensed from lesser-known Japanese companies, such as Hillwood, also known as Firstman, founded in 1972 by Kazuo Morioka, who later worked for Akai in the early 1980s. Multivox were criticized as having design and circuitry extremely similar to but inferior to designs by Roland. Multivox ceased trading in the early 1980s having \"faded into synth history\", according to the \"Synthmuseum\". As a result of the old criticism of Multivox synthesizer technology and their comparisons with Roland hardware, several hoax/fraudulent cases have occurred. The main hoax was based around a Multivox MX-3000 synthesizer (the flagship of the Multivox range). These machines are quite rare although not particularly sought for by collectors and musicians. Hence when a Roland MX-3000 was offered for sale much controversy surrounding the original Multivox design was stirred up. Eventually the seller admitted that the synthesizer was in fact Multivox, but he had re-badged it in an attempt to generate interest. Multivox produced over 15 different types of synthesizers, almost all with names beginning with \"MX-\" (except for SQ-01). Multivox Multivox was an American-based synthesizer company since the mid-1970s until the 1980s. Originally it was founded in the mid-1940s as the guitar and amplifier manufacturing"
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"Rishton railway station Rishton railway station is in the southern part of the village of Rishton, Lancashire, England. The station is north east of Blackburn railway station. This two platform station is on the East Lancashire Line, operated by Northern. A wooden platform was opened on 19 June 1848, when the line was first opened by the East Lancashire Railway, at a place where the Blackburn Road crosses the railway. This was replaced by a station at the current, more convenient location at the end of Station Road in 1852. Only parts of each platform are now used by passenger trains. They are linked by a pedestrian footbridge and there are shelters on each one. Passenger information screens, and a long line PA system provide train running information, but the station is unstaffed, and has no ticket vending facilities. All tickets have to be bought in advance or on the train. As the Preston bound platform is reached by the footbridge only, step-free access is limited to the eastbound platform. Monday to Saturdays, there is an hourly service from Rishton towards Blackburn and Preston, westbound and Burnley Central and Colne, eastbound. There is an hourly service in each direction on Sundays. Rishton railway station Rishton railway station is in the southern part of the village of Rishton, Lancashire, England. The station is north east of Blackburn railway station. This two platform station is on the East Lancashire Line, operated by Northern. A wooden platform was opened on 19 June 1848, when the line was first opened by the East Lancashire Railway, at a place where the Blackburn Road crosses the railway. This was replaced by a station at the current, more convenient location at the end of Station Road in 1852. Only parts of each platform are now used by"
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"2000 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship The 2000 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship was the 37th staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament for players under the age of twenty-one. The championship began on 7 June 2000 and ended on 17 September 2000. Kilkenny were the defending champions but were defeated by Offaly in the Leinster final. On 17 September 2000, Limerick won the championship following a 1-13 to 0-13 defeat of Galway in the All-Ireland final. This was their second All-Ireland title and their first since 1987. Limerick's Mark Keane was the championship's top scorer with 3-34. Quarter-finals Semi-finals Final Quarter-finals Semi-finals Finals Semi-finals Final Semi-finals Final 2000 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship The 2000 All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship was the 37th staging of the All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament for players under the age of twenty-one. The championship began on 7 June 2000 and ended on 17 September 2000. Kilkenny were the defending champions but were defeated by Offaly in the Leinster final. On 17 September 2000, Limerick won the championship following a 1-13 to 0-13 defeat of Galway in the All-Ireland final. This was their"
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"Dixie Bowl The Dixie Bowl was a post-season college football bowl game held New Year's Day at Legion Field in Birmingham, Alabama. The game was only held twice, following the 1947 and 1948 seasons, after which it was discontinued. Birmingham and Legion Field have since played host to a number of other bowl games including the Hall of Fame Classic, All-American Bowl and the BBVA Compass Bowl. Baylor hosted Wake Forest and beat them 20–7. Now in 2010, Legion Field is where the UAB Blazers play football. Both games featured teams from the Southern Conference and the Southwest Conference (SWC), with the SWC representative winning each one. Arkansas and #20 William & Mary squared off in the inaugural Dixie Bowl on January 1, 1948. The game was played in front of 22,000 at Legion Field in Birmingham, Alabama. Arkansas took a 14–13 lead into halftime. The Tribe scored six in the third quarter to take a 19–14 lead. Arkansas would score the game-winning touchdown on a 7-yard run to win the game 21–19. The second Dixie Bowl was between the Baylor Bears and the #20 Wake Forest Demon Deacons in front of 20,000 in Birmingham. Baylor opened the scoring in the first quarter with a 1-yard run, but missed the extra point a attempt, giving them a 6–0 lead. A 1-yard run and a 12-yard pass in the second quarter made it 20–0 at halftime. Baylor's defense allowed one touchdown in the third quarter to win the game 20–7. The game was a bit lopsided despite Wake Forest winning the yardage battle 277–212. Dixie Bowl The Dixie Bowl was a post-season college football bowl game held New Year's Day at Legion Field in Birmingham, Alabama. The game was only held twice, following the 1947 and 1948 seasons, after which it"
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"Surfer Girl Surfer Girl is the third album by American rock band the Beach Boys and their second in 1963. \"Surfer Girl\" reached number 7 in the US during a chart stay of 56 weeks. In the UK, the album was released in spring 1967 and reached number 13. This was the first album by the Beach Boys for which Brian Wilson was given full production credit, a position Wilson would maintain for the next few years. In 2017, \"Surfer Girl\" was ranked the 193rd greatest album of the 1960s by \"Pitchfork\". \"Surfer Girl\" is the first album on which Brian Wilson is given full production credit. The songs were co-written between Wilson, Mike Love, Gary Usher and Roger Christian. The title track, the ballad \"Surfer Girl\", was the first song Brian composed, written at the age of 19 using \"When You Wish Upon a Star\" as his inspiration. The b-side, \"Little Deuce Coupe\", continued the band's trend of putting a surf-related song on the A-side of singles, and car songs on the B-side. \"Catch a Wave\" featured Mike Love's sister, Maureen, on harp, while \"The Surfer Moon\" was the first Beach Boys song to have a string arrangement. The (unreleased) instrumental track for \"The Surfer Moon\" was recorded (as \"The Summer Moon\") in early May for an extra-BB act he was recording, Bob & Vikki. Bob was Bob Norberg, Brian's room mate in 1962. \"South Bay Surfer\" is co-credited to Al Jardine, who had rejoined the Beach Boys in the summer of 1963 in a limited capacity and does not appear on the album cover. The front cover of \"Surfer Girl\" features (from left to right) Dennis Wilson, David Marks, Carl Wilson, Mike Love and Brian Wilson holding a surfboard from the same 1962 photo shoot that produced the cover of their album debut \"Surfin' Safari\". The picture was taken by Capitol photographer Kenneth Veeder at Paradise Cove, north of Malibu. Beach Boys sport matching blue plaid Pendleton Woolen Mills shirts on the cover of their \"Surfer Girl\" album. Now called the \"board shirt,\" the style is still a bestseller. \"Surfer Girl\" hit number seven in the US (where it went gold) and, later (in 1967) number thirteen in the UK. Half the album's tracks have been performed live by either the Beach Boys or Brian Wilson as a solo artist with varying frequency. Surfer Girl Surfer Girl is"
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"Arrias Battery Arrias Battery (), also known as Xemxija Battery () or Pwales Left Battery (), is an artillery battery in Xemxija, limits of St. Paul's Bay, Malta. It was built by the Order of Saint John in 1715–1716 as one of a series of coastal fortifications around the Maltese Islands. The battery still exists, although it has modern alterations, and it is used as a restaurant. Arrias Battery was built in 1715–1716 as part of the Order of Saint John's first building program of batteries and redoubts around the coasts of Malta. It was one of two batteries defending Xemxija Bay, the other one being the now-demolished Dellia Battery. The battery originally consisted of a mostly rectangular platform with a rounded end at the north. It had a low parapet with one embrasure, and the gorge was closed off by a rectangular blockhouse. The redoubt was named after the knight Emmanuele Arrias, and an inscription commemorating him is located above the main entrance. The battery eventually became a summer residence of the Borg Cardona family. They called it \"ix-Xemxija\" and later, the area around it began to be referred to by that name. The battery still exists, but several alterations have been made to the structure, mostly during the course of the 20th century. These include a second floor added to the blockhouse, and a flight of steps leading to an entrance facing the sea. The battery is now used as a restaurant, known as \"The Fortress Wine & Dine\". It is a Grade 1 national monument, and it is also listed on the National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. Notes Arrias Battery Arrias Battery (), also known as Xemxija Battery () or Pwales Left Battery (), is an artillery battery in Xemxija, limits of"
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"retrieved": [
"Eros Films Eros Films was a British film distribution and, later, production company, in operation from May 1947 to June 1961. It was founded by three brothers: Philip, Sydney, and Michael Hyams. The Hyams' father was a Russian immigrant baker, who in association with architect George Coles financed the building of the Popular Cinema in 1912, located in Stepney, London. The oldest brother Philip (born London 26 March 1894; died London 8 January 1997) began working at the theatre in 1912 and was joined in 1919 by his younger brother Sydney. The two started a chain of cinemas that they then sold to Gaumont British in 1928; they began anew, creating another theatre chain. They linked again with Gaumont in 1935 to form Gaumont Super Cinemas, adding their brother Michael. During the years of the Great Depression, the brothers attracted crowds by booking double bills, live variety acts, and talent shows. They sold again to Gaumont in 1944, due to reduced patronage during the London Blitz. In 1947 the brothers formed Eros Films, located at 111 Wardour Street, London, which was possibly named after the statue at Piccadilly Circus. Eros distributed American films but also financed and distributed British films made by independents; several British producers recalled that major British production units did not wish to distribute the films of minor British studios. Robert S. Baker of Tempean Films recalled that Eros distributed 20 to 30 of their films, usually shown as second features with popular American films, which Eros had acquired for UK distribution. In the 1950s, Michael Hyams emigrated to the United States, where he became vice president of American British TV Movies Inc. The company distributed Eros' British productions to the American television market like \"Colonel March of Scotland Yard\", \"Scotland Yard\" and a number of Eros-produced feature films. Eros co-produced British films such as \"The Man Who Watched Trains Go By\" (1954), \"The Sea Shall Not Have Them\" (1955), and the American giant monster film \"Behemoth, the Sea Monster\" (1959), insisting the film have the same type of monster as \"The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms.\" The company produced one film by themselves, the British World War II film \"Battle of the V-1\" (1958). Irving Allen and Albert R. Broccoli's Warwick Films had previously had a successful financing and distribution arrangement with Columbia Pictures, but there was occasionally friction between the two organisations. Allen thought they would increase their profits by creating their own distribution company to release films of a more highbrow nature than their successful action films. The two acquired Eros from the Hyams brothers in 1959, though the brothers remained on the board. Eros distributed Allen and Broccoli's \"The Trials of Oscar Wilde\" and \"Johnny Nobody\", but both films failed at the box office. The number of creditors and amounts owed by Eros led to the firm's bankruptcy in June 1961. Eros Films Eros Films was a British film distribution and, later, production company, in operation from May 1947 to June 1961. It was"
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"retrieved": [
"Alexander Brownlie Docharty Alexander Brownlie Docharty (1862–1940) was a Scottish painter, mainly in oils. He was the second son of Joseph Docharty and Elizabeth Brownlie. Joseph Docharty was a designer of calico prints; Alexander left school at the age of thirteen to join his father. He studied part-time at the Glasgow School of Art, attending Robert Greenlees' evening classes. In 1878 Docharty’s watercolour \"On The Cart- Pollockshaws\" was exhibited at the Royal Glasgow Institute of the Fine Arts. The Royal Academy accepted his painting \"Arran Cottages\" for exhibition in 1882. In the early 1880s Docharty was a designer for Inglis and Wakefield, a printing firm based at Busby. He left that firm some time before 1885, when he was based at James Docharty's studio in Bath Street, Glasgow. James was Alexander's uncle. Docharty moved to Paris in 1894 to study at the Academie Julien under Benjamin Constant and Jean-Paul Laurens. He subsequently lived at Kilkerran, Ayrshire. His \"Glen Falloch\" was exhibited in 1906 at the Glasgow Fine Arts Institute. Alexander Brownlie Docharty Alexander Brownlie Docharty (1862–1940) was a Scottish painter, mainly in oils. He was the second son of Joseph Docharty and Elizabeth Brownlie. Joseph Docharty was a designer of"
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"Nicole & O.J. Nicole & O.J. is an upcoming dramatic crime thriller film centered around the tumultuous relationship between O.J. Simpson and Nicole Brown Simpson and the circumstances surrounding the 1994 murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman. The film is currently in production and set for a March 2019 release. On June 28, 2013 it was announced that British filmmaker Joshua Newton would write and direct a movie about the O.J. Simpson murder case starring newcomer Charlotte Kirk as Nicole Brown Simpson. Newton extensively researched the case and claimed to have discovered startling new evidence that would present several other suspects with both the motive and opportunity to commit the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman. The evidence is based on real court documents, witness interviews, and trial testimonies. Newton said in a statement that the project “has the capacity to challenge entrenched attitudes on a topic that has inspired visceral reactions for almost a generation.” Several people from the sports and political spectrums lended their support for the project such as former NBA player Bo Kimble, former NFL player Rosie Grier, former Texas state senator Rodney Ellis, and former U.S. Representative for California's 33rd congressional district Diane Watson, one of the film’s associate producers and an inspirational force behind the project. Watson was a good friend of Johnnie Cochran and said at a 2016 town hall meeting, about Cochran's portrayal in \"\", \"(he) comes across as undignified, unlikable, and obsessed with using the race card to secure an acquittal - but that's not how he was and that's not what happened. The jury gave their verdict based on the evidence - nothing else. And if anyone wants to say differently I suggest they read the actual trial transcripts. There has been a massive misrepresentation of the truth, but fortunately things are about to change and the truth is about to come out.\" Principal photography began in February 2018 and took place in Bulgaria, instead of Los Angeles, where the murders and trial occurred. “The reason we shot in Bulgaria was because we reconstructed O.J.’s house on Rockingham and Nicole’s house on Bundy and Mezzaluna, those places don’t exist anymore.” Steve Small, one of the film’s producers, said. “It’s the first time you’ll see O.J.’s house inside and out. Nicole & O.J. Nicole & O.J. is an upcoming dramatic crime thriller film centered around the tumultuous"
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"Matty Fitzgerald Matthew William Fitzgerald (August 31, 1880 in Albany, New York – September 22, 1949 in Albany, New York) was a right-handed major league baseball player for the New York Giants in 1906 and 1907. He played most of the 1906 season with the Utica Pent-Ups, hitting .212 in 193 at-bats. On September 15 of that year, he made his big league debut. In his first stint in the majors, he hit .667, collecting four hits in six at-bats and driving in two runs. In the big leagues in 1907, he had two hits in 15 at-bats for a .133 batting average. He played his final big league game on July 11 of that season. Although his major league career was over, however, his professional career was not. He played 19 games with the Jersey City Skeeters in 1907, hitting .232 in 56 at-bats. With the Skeeters in 1908, he hit .243 in 73 games. He played for the Providence Grays from 1909 to 1911. In 1909, he hit .223 in 84 games. He hit .236 in 95 games in 1910 and in 1911 he hit .226 in 27 games. After spending three years in Providence, Fitzgerald spent the rest of his minor league career – which ended in 1915 – with the Troy Trojans. He hit .241 in 96 games in 1912, and in 1913 he hit .210 in 66 games. In 1914, he hit .240 in 73 games and in 1915 he hit .230 in 93 games. Overall, Fitzgerald hit .286 in 21 big league at-bats. In 10 minor league seasons, he hit .231. Fitzgerald was a member of the first Albany Twilight League commission. Following his death, he was interred at St. Agnes Cemetery in Menands, New York. Matty Fitzgerald Matthew William Fitzgerald (August 31, 1880"
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"St Peter's Church, Walworth St Peter's Church is an Anglican parish church in Walworth, London, in the Woolwich Episcopal Area of the Anglican Diocese of Southwark. It was built between 1823–25 and was the first church designed by Sir John Soane, in the wave of the church-building following the Napoleonic wars. It is the best preserved of Soane's churches. It is a Commissioners' church, receiving a grant under the Church Building Act 1818 towards the cost of its construction. The church cost £18,592 (equivalent to £ in ), and the grant from the Church Building Commission amounted to £9,354. The church is a Grade I listed building. It resembles two other churches by the same architect — in particular Holy Trinity Church Marylebone — in its use of London stock brickwork with stone dressings, and carries the Soane hallmark of tall arched windows set in recesses. The depressed Ionic front with cornice sand balustrade over avoids the architectural problems encountered when a pediment is used. The east end was altered in 1888, and following wartime bomb damage, major reconstruction was carried out in 1953. The interior was re-ordered in 1982. St Peter's has always maintained a catholic tradition of worship, pastoral care and mission within the parish of Walworth, St Peter. The building was badly damaged by German bombing on 29 October 1940, when more than 30 of those sheltering in the crypt were killed outright and 100 more were injured. The church was restored under the direction of Thomas F. Ford and was re-dedicated by the Bishop of Southwark on 11 July 1953. Today, St Peter's thrives as an Anglican parish church serving the community of East Walworth. St Peter's also enjoys close links with St Peter's CofE Primary School and nursery, where the Rector is Chair of Governors. The crypt was redeveloped by the church recently and is now home to 'InSpire', which is home to many facilities available to the local community, including a digital arts and media centre, an IT suite, crèche, conference and performance spaces, and meeting rooms. A café is open to the public in the crypt. HMDW Architects designed the project, and are the quinquennial architects for the building. The main worship space was restored, including work to the reredos, and the installation of a new lighting scheme. St Peter's Church, Walworth St Peter's Church is an Anglican parish church in Walworth, London,"
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"Kaitei Takara Sagashi Use the 2-way joystick to direct the boat across the surface of the ocean, then press the button to lower the diver down to the bottom of the ocean while watching out for the sharks swimming across the screen. During this time, you can hold the button to pause the diver's descent and push the joystick in either direction to fire a harpoon at the sharks for 30-300 points apiece. Once the diver has reached the bottom of the ocean, push the joystick in either direction to make him walk towards either of the two treasure caches that are closest to him (the boat will automatically follow his movements at this point). When the diver is directly over a treasure cache, the boat will lower him into it. The amount of points you will receive when you make it back onto the surface of the ocean, which can range from 50-250, will then appear on the screen, and the boat will raise the diver back up to the surface of the ocean. Once again, you can hold the button to pause the diver's ascent, and push the joystick in either direction to fire a harpoon at the sharks. Once you have made it back up to the surface of the ocean, you will have to repeat the entire process for each of the four remaining treasure caches before the game proceeds to the next round. Kaitei Takara Sagashi Use the 2-way joystick to direct the boat across the surface of the ocean, then press the button to lower the diver down to the bottom of the ocean while watching out for the sharks swimming across the screen. During this time, you can hold the button to pause the diver's descent and push the joystick in either direction"
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"Anglican Church of Australia The Anglican Church of Australia is a Christian church in Australia and an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion. It is the second largest church in Australia, after the Roman Catholic Church. According to the 2016 census, 3.1 million Australians identify as Anglicans. For much of Australian history, the Church of England (now known as the Anglican Church of Australia) was the largest religious denomination. It remains today one of the largest providers of social welfare services in Australia. When the First Fleet was sent to New South Wales in 1787, Richard Johnson of the Church of England was licensed as chaplain to the fleet and the settlement. In 1825 Thomas Scott was appointed Archdeacon of Australia under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Calcutta. William Grant Broughton, who succeeded Scott in 1829, was consecrated the first (and only) \"Bishop of Australia\" in 1836. In early Colonial times, the Church of England clergy worked closely with the governors. Richard Johnson, a chaplain, was charged by the governor, Arthur Phillip, with improving \"public morality\" in the colony, but he was also heavily involved in health and education. Samuel Marsden (1765–1838) had magisterial duties, and so was equated with the authorities by the convicts. He became known as the \"flogging parson\" for the severity of his punishments. Some of the Irish convicts had been transported to Australia for political crimes or social rebellion in Ireland, so the authorities were suspicious of Roman Catholicism for the first three decades of settlement and Roman Catholic convicts were compelled to attend Church of England services and their children and orphans were raised by the authorities as Anglicans. The Church of England lost its legal privileges in the Colony of New South Wales by the \"Church Act of 1836\". Drafted by the reformist attorney-general John Plunkett, the act established legal equality for Anglicans, Roman Catholics and Presbyterians and was later extended to Methodists. A mission to the Aborigines was established in the Wellington Valley in New South Wales by the Church Missionary Society in 1832, but it ended in failure and indigenous people in the 19th century demonstrated a reluctance to convert to the religion of the colonists who were seizing their lands. In 1842 the Diocese of Tasmania was created. In 1847 the rest of the Diocese of Australia was divided into the four separate dioceses of Sydney, Adelaide, Newcastle and Melbourne. Over the following 80 years the number of dioceses increased to 25. Sectarianism in Australia tended to reflect the political inheritance of Britain and Ireland. Until 1945, the vast majority of Roman Catholics in Australia were of Irish descent, causing the Anglo-Protestant majority to question their loyalty to the British Empire. The Australian Constitution of 1901 provided for freedom of religion. Australian society was predominantly Anglo-Celtic, with 40% of the population being Anglican. It remained the largest Christian denomination until the 1986 census. After World War II, the ethnic and cultural mix of Australia diversified and Anglicanism gave way to Roman Catholicism as the largest denomination. The number of Anglicans attending regular worship began to decline in 1959 and figures for occasional services (baptisms, confirmations, weddings and funerals) started to decline after 1966. In recent times, the Anglican and other Christian churches of Australia have been active in ecumenical activity. The Australian Committee for the World Council of Churches was established in 1946 by the Anglican and mainline Protestant churches. The movement evolved and expanded with Eastern and Oriental Orthodox churches later joining and by 1994 the Roman Catholic Church was also a member of the national ecumenical body, the National Council of Churches in Australia. Since 1 January 1962 the Australian church has been autocephalous and headed by its own primate. On 24 August 1981 the church officially changed its name from the Church of England in Australia to the Anglican Church of Australia. Although the \"Book of Common Prayer\" remains the official standard for Anglican belief and worship in Australia, \"An Australian Prayer Book\" (AAPB) was published in 1978 after a prolonged revision of liturgy. Another alternative service book, \"A Prayer Book for Australia\" (APBA), was published in 1995. In 1985 the general synod of the Australian church passed a canon to allow the ordination of women as deacons. In 1992 the general synod approved legislation allowing dioceses to ordain women to the priesthood. Dioceses could choose to adopt the legislation. In 1992, 90 women were ordained in the Anglican Church of Australia and two others who had been ordained overseas were recognised. After decades of debate the issue of women's ordination, particularly as bishops, continues to divide traditionalists and reformers within the church. As of November 2013 five dioceses had not ordained women as priests and two had not ordained women as deacons. The most recent diocese to vote in favour of ordaining women as priests was the Ballarat diocese in October 2013. In 2008, Kay Goldsworthy was ordained as an assistant bishop for the Diocese of Perth, thus becoming the first woman consecrated as a bishop of the Anglican Church of Australia. Sarah Macneil was elected in 2013 to be the first female diocesan bishop in Australia. In 2014 she was consecrated and installed as the first female diocesan bishop in Australia (for the Diocese of Grafton in New South Wales). The church remains a major provider of education and welfare services in Australia. It provides chaplains to the Australian Defence Force, hospitals, schools, industry and prisons. Senior clergy such as Peter Jensen, former Archbishop of Sydney, have a high profile in discussions on a diverse range of social issues in contemporary national debates. In recent times the church has encouraged its leaders to talk on such issues as indigenous rights; international security; peace and justice; and poverty and equity. The current primate is Philip Freier, Archbishop of Melbourne, who took office on 4 July 2014. Like other religious groups, the church has come under criticism in light of cases of sexual abuse by clergy and others. Until the 1986 census, Australia's most populous Christian church was the Anglican Church of Australia. Since then Roman Catholics have outnumbered Anglicans by an increasing margin. One rationale to explain this relates to changes in Australia's immigration patterns. Prior to the Second World War, the majority of immigrants to Australia had come from the United Kingdom – though most of Australia's Roman Catholic immigrants had come from Ireland. After World War II, Australia's immigration program diversified and more than 6.5 million migrants arrived in Australia in the 60 years after the war, including more than a million Roman Catholics. Census data shows that as a percentage of population Anglican affiliation peaked in 1921 at 43.7%, and the number of persons indicating Anglican affiliation peaked in 1991 at 4 million. In the 2011 there were 3,679,907 Anglicans, representing 17.1 per cent of the population. (See accompanying graph.) The Australian church consists of twenty-three dioceses arranged into five provinces (except for Tasmania) with the metropolitical sees in the states' capital cities. Broughton Publishing is the church's national publishing arm. The National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Anglican Council (NATSIAC) appoints two Indigenous bishops for national work with indigenous people: the National Aboriginal Bishop is based in South Australia (as an assistant bishop of the Anglican Diocese of Adelaide); while the National Torres Strait Islander Bishop is based at Thursday Island, Queensland (as an assistant bishop of the Anglican Diocese of North Queensland). Anglicans have played a prominent role in welfare and",
"Anglicans, representing 17.1 per cent of the population. (See accompanying graph.) The Australian church consists of twenty-three dioceses arranged into five provinces (except for Tasmania) with the metropolitical sees in the states' capital cities. Broughton Publishing is the church's national publishing arm. The National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Anglican Council (NATSIAC) appoints two Indigenous bishops for national work with indigenous people: the National Aboriginal Bishop is based in South Australia (as an assistant bishop of the Anglican Diocese of Adelaide); while the National Torres Strait Islander Bishop is based at Thursday Island, Queensland (as an assistant bishop of the Anglican Diocese of North Queensland). Anglicans have played a prominent role in welfare and education since Colonial times, when First Fleet chaplain Richard Johnson was credited by one convict as \"the physician both of soul and body\" during the famine of 1790 and was charged with general supervision of schools. Today the church remains a significant provider of social welfare with organisations working in education, health, missionary work, social welfare and communications. Welfare organisations include Anglicare and Samaritans. The Anglicare network comprises 9000 volunteers beyond paid staff, who assisted some 940,000 Australians in 2016 in areas such as emergency relief, aged care, family support and assistance for the homeless. There are around 145 , providing for more than 105,000 children. Church schools range from low-fee, regional and special needs schools to high-fee leading independent schools like Geelong Grammar, whose alumni include Prince Charles and Rupert Murdoch; and Sydney's The Kings School. The Australian Anglican Schools Network is the national schools network of the Australian General Synod. The first Church of England edifice was built in the colony of New South Wales in 1793. Today, most towns in Australia have at least one Christian church. One of Australia's oldest Anglican churches is St James' Church in Sydney, built between 1819 and 1824. The historic church was designed by Governor Macquarie's architect, Francis Greenway – a former convict – and built with convict labour. The church is set on a sandstone base and built of face brick with the walls articulated by brick piers. Sydney's Anglican cathedral, St Andrew's, was consecrated in 1868 from foundations laid in the 1830s. Largely designed by Edmund Thomas Blacket in the Perpendicular Gothic style reminiscent of English cathedrals. Blacket also designed St Saviour's Cathedral in Goulburn, based on the Decorated Gothic style of a large English parish church and built between 1874 and 1884. St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne, from a foundation stone laid in 1880, is a Melbourne landmark. It was designed by the distinguished English architect William Butterfield in Gothic Transitional. Tasmania is home to a number of significant colonial Anglican buildings including those located at Australia's best preserved convict era settlement, Port Arthur. According to 19th century notions of prisoner reform, the \"Model Prison\" incorporates a grim chapel, into which prisoners in solitary confinement were shepherded to listen (in individual enclosures) to the preacher's Sunday sermon – their only permitted interaction with another human being. Adelaide, the capital of South Australia has long been known as the \"City of Churches\" and its St Peter's Anglican Cathedral is a noted city landmark. The oldest building in the city of Canberra is the picturesque St John the Baptist Church in Reid, consecrated in 1845. This church long predates the city of Canberra and is not so much representative of urban design as it is of the Bush chapels which dot the Australian landscape and stretch even into the far Outback. A number of notable Victorian era chapels and edifices were also constructed at church schools across Australia. Along with community attitudes to religion, church architecture changed significantly during the 20th century. The church permits the ordination of women on a diocesan basis. In 1992, the church ordained the first women priests. In 2008, the Diocese of Perth consecrated the first woman bishop, the Rt Revd Kay Goldsworthy. Then, in 2014, the Diocese of Grafton consecrated and installed its first diocesan woman bishop, the Rt Revd Sarah Macneil. Bishop Kay Goldsworthy also became the second diocesan woman bishop when she was enthroned as bishop of Gippsland. The dioceses of Sydney, North West Australia and The Murray do not ordain women as priests. In 2017, the Diocese of The Murray ordained the first woman as a deacon becoming the last diocese to ordain women to the diaconate. In August 2017, the Anglicans of Western Australia elected the Anglican Church of Australia's first female archbishop, Kay Goldsworthy. In a statement representing a conservative and complementation view, Bishop Gary Nelson said that Archbishop Goldsworthy \"would not be recognised in her new role\" as the metropolitan for the province. In the Seventeenth Session of the General Synod of the Anglican Church of Australia in 2017, the Anglican Church passed a motion recognising \"that the doctrine of our church, in line with traditional Christian teaching, is that marriage is an exclusive and lifelong union of a man and a woman, and further, recognises that this has been the subject of several General Synod resolutions over the past fifteen years\". In 2018, the Primate of Australia and Archbishop of Melbourne, Philip Freier, released an \"ad clerum\" reiterating the current position that clergy cannot perform a same-sex marriage. At the same time, the church does not have an official stance on homosexuality itself. During a meeting, the House of Bishops stated that they \"accept the weight of 1998 Lambeth Resolution 1.10 and the 2004 General Synod resolutions 33, 59 and 61–64 as expressing the mind of this church on issues of human sexuality ... and understand that issues of sexuality are subject to ongoing conversation\". A former primate, Peter Carnley, supported the blessing of same-sex relationships and supported \"recognition of lifelong friendships between two homosexuals which would give them the same legal status as a heterosexual married couple.\" A spokesman for Phillip Aspinall, the Archbishop of Brisbane, stated that \"In effect it is an undertaking not to ordain, license, authorise or appoint persons whom the bishop knows to be in a sexual relationship outside of marriage.\" At the same time, Archbishop Aspinall stated that he personally does not take an official position. Despite what the spokesman said, however, an Anglican priest came out as gay in 2005 in Melbourne. In the Diocese of Perth, \"there are gay and lesbian clergy serving in the priesthood.\" Archbishop Roger Herft, as a diocesan bishop, \"support[ed] blessing gay unions.\" In 2012, a bishop \"appoint[ed] a gay priest in a same-sex partnership to a Gippsland parish.\" The Anglican Diocese of Sydney, the largest of the country, has expressed its opposition to same-sex unions and has been involved in the Anglican realignment as a member of the Fellowship of Confessing Anglicans. However, many clergy and bishops support same-sex unions. The Wangaratta and Ballarat dioceses have voted to support the blessing of same-sex civil unions. In 2012, the Diocese of Gippsland appointed an openly partnered gay priest. In 2013, the Diocese of Perth voted in favour of recognising same-sex unions. Archbishop Roger Herft vetoed the Perth motion, but said \"what we have in the Diocese [of Perth] of course is a number of people in same-sex relationships amongst the clergy and amongst the laity and we have always said that people of all forms of sexuality and orientation are welcome...\" In 2015, the Bishop of Wangaratta endorsed same-sex marriage legislation and some diocesan clergy offered to perform gay marriages when allowed to do so. In the Diocese of Grafton, Bishop",
"Anglicans. However, many clergy and bishops support same-sex unions. The Wangaratta and Ballarat dioceses have voted to support the blessing of same-sex civil unions. In 2012, the Diocese of Gippsland appointed an openly partnered gay priest. In 2013, the Diocese of Perth voted in favour of recognising same-sex unions. Archbishop Roger Herft vetoed the Perth motion, but said \"what we have in the Diocese [of Perth] of course is a number of people in same-sex relationships amongst the clergy and amongst the laity and we have always said that people of all forms of sexuality and orientation are welcome...\" In 2015, the Bishop of Wangaratta endorsed same-sex marriage legislation and some diocesan clergy offered to perform gay marriages when allowed to do so. In the Diocese of Grafton, Bishop Sarah Macneil has taken an affirming stance. Bishop Greg Thompson of the Diocese of Newcastle had taken a stance in favour of gay rights. In 2015, an arm of the Anglican Church in Southern Queensland voted in favour of same-sex civil unions. Also, Bishop Kay Goldsworthy appointed an openly gay and partnered priest to another post. In response, the Sydney synod passed a resolution stating that the diocese \"views the actions of the Bishop of Gippsland as a breach of collegiality and fellowship at a profound level\". In 2016, the Bishop of Ballarat declared his support for same-sex marriage. In April 2016, a parish in the Diocese of Perth blessed the union of a same-sex couple. At General Synod in 2017, the synod passed a resolution criticising the Scottish Episcopal Church for its acceptance of same-sex marriage as well as an additional resolution calling for the church in Australia \"to have a series of conversations on its understanding of sexuality.\" Also in 2017, the Diocese of Perth in Western Australia elected Bishop Kay Goldsworthy as its archbishop. Goldsworthy said that she supports an \"inclusive\" approach to same-sex marriage. \"Archbishop Goldsworthy revealed that she had voted Yes in the same-sex marriage survey.\" Regarding transgender issues, there are dioceses and congregations with serving transgender clergy. In 2017, Archbishop Phillip Aspinall asked for \"prayerful support\" for the Revd Josephine Inkpin who had transitioned and \"come out\" as a transgender woman. \"The Archbishop of Brisbane Dr Phillip Aspinall supported Dr Inkpin and passed on her statement to clergy in July 2017, along with his wish that 'unhelpful speculation' might be avoided.\" Inkpin continues to serve in the Brisbane diocese. She shared that the bishops and leaders of the Diocese of Brisbane \"have assisted in arrangements for enabling [her] public recognition of gender.\" Inkpin, who is married to the Revd Penny Jones, one of the first female priests ordained in Australia, is the first openly transgender priest in Australia. The whole church is led by the elected primate, Philip Freier, Archbishop of Melbourne. The provinces and dioceses are listed with each diocese's bishop or archbishop: The church is a member of the Christian Conference of Asia. The Anglican Diocese of Sydney has been a leading name in the Anglican realignment, since they first opposed the pro-homosexuality policies of the Episcopal Church of the United States and the Anglican Church of Canada. Archbishop Peter Jensen attended the first Global Anglican Future Conference, on June 2008, in Jerusalem, and was the chairman of GAFCON. The Anglican Diocese of Sydney and the Anglican Diocese of North West Australia have declared themselves in full communion with the Anglican Church in North America, started in June 2009, which represents Anglican realignment in United States and Canada. The Fellowship of Confessing Anglicans was launched in Australia on 26 March 2015, in a conference held in Melbourne that reunited 460 members, including 40 from New Zealand, and was attended by Archbishop Eliud Wabukala, from the Anglican Church of Kenya, their international chairman, Archbishop Stanley Ntagali, from the Anglican Church of Uganda, and Archbishop Glenn Davies, from the Anglican Diocese of Sydney. The then archdeacon of the Anglican Diocese of Melbourne, now bishop Richard Condie, of the Anglican Diocese of Tasmania, became chairman of FCA Australia. The Anglican Church of Australia passed a motion at their General Synod on 7 September 2017, condemning the Scottish Episcopal Church decision to approve same-sex marriage as \"contrary to the doctrine of our church and the teaching of Christ\", and declaring itself in \"impaired communion\" with the province. It also expressed \"support for those Anglicans who have left or will need to leave (...) because of its redefinition of marriage and those who struggle and remain\", and presented their prayers for the return of SEC \"to the doctrine of Christ in this matter\" and the restoration of the impaired communion. The Anglican Church of Australia was represented at GAFCON III, held in Jerusalem, on 17-22 June 2018, by a 218 members delegation, which included Archbishop Glenn Davies, of Sydney, and Bishops Richard Condie, of Tasmania, Gary Nelson, of North West Australia, and Ian Palmer, of Bathurst. Anglican Church of Australia The Anglican Church of Australia is a Christian church in Australia and an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion. It is"
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"Le Pain Quotidien Le Pain Quotidien (French for \"the daily bread\") is a bakery-restaurant group founded in Brussels in 1990 by Alain Coumont. It is an international chain of bakery-restaurants. It carries an array of baked goods and coffee drinks as well as a dine-in food menu. Founder Alain Coumont opened Le Pain Quotidien on 26 October 1990 at 16 rue Dansaert in Brussels, Belgium. As a young chef, Coumont was dissatisfied with the quality of bread available in Brussels, so he began making his own, mixing flour, water and salt into the familiar loaves of his childhood. He furnished the store with cabinets scoured from antique stores and a large table purchased at a local flea market: the first of Le Pain Quotidien’s many communal tables. Gradually, items were added to the menu to complement the bread, including pastries, salads, beverages, tartines (traditional, open-faced sandwiches) and specialty retail products. Within a few months, ten Le Pain Quotidien bakeries were open in Brussels. The first in the United States opened on Madison Avenue in New York City in 1997. Expansion continued in the US with Los Angeles, and in 2004 the company's headquarters were established in New York. The headquarters are currently located at 50 Broad Street in New York City's Financial District. Vincent Herbert was the chief executive officer (CEO) of PQ Licensing S.A. since 2003, managing the company-owned United States, United Kingdom, Belgium, Paris and Australia operations and overseeing the international franchises. In February 2018, it was announced that Herbert would step down after 17 years as CEO, and would be succeeded on 1 March by Jerry Gamez, who has worked at Burger King and Walmart. A common theme in all Le Pain Quotidien locations is a long, wooden \"communal table\". For the first restaurant in Brussels, founder Alain Coumont found a large table made of wood reclaimed from the floors of retired Belgian trains. Le Pain Quotidien currently operates more than 220 bakery-restaurant locations worldwide in 18 countries, including Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, India, Switzerland, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Turkey, Spain, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Russia, Argentina, Japan, Hong Kong and the United States. The United States, United Kingdom, Belgium and Paris restaurants are fully company-owned and operated, while all other international Le Pain Quotidien restaurants are franchised. The first location in the US opened in 1997 in Manhattan. The restaurants in Sydney closed in May 2016. Le Pain Quotidien Le Pain Quotidien (French for \"the daily bread\") is a bakery-restaurant group founded in Brussels in 1990 by Alain Coumont. It is an international chain of bakery-restaurants. It carries an array of baked goods and coffee drinks as well as a dine-in food menu. Founder Alain Coumont opened Le Pain Quotidien on 26 October 1990 at 16 rue Dansaert in Brussels, Belgium. As a young chef, Coumont was dissatisfied with the quality of bread available in Brussels, so he began making his own, mixing flour, water and salt into the familiar loaves of his childhood."
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"Unprotected cruiser An unprotected cruiser was a type of naval warship in use during the late Victorian or pre-dreadnought era (about 1880 to 1905). The name was meant to distinguish these ships from “protected cruisers” which had become accepted in the 1880s. A protected cruiser did not have side armor on its hull like a battleship or “armored cruiser” but had only a curved armored deck built inside the ship – like an internal turtle shell – which prevented enemy fire penetrating through the ship down into the most critical areas such as machinery, boilers, and ammunition storage. An unprotected cruiser lacked even this level of internal protection. The definitions had some gray areas because individual ships could be built with a protective deck that did not cover more than a small area of the ship, or was so thin as to be of little value (the same was true of the side armor on some armored cruisers). An unprotected cruiser was generally cheaper and less effective than a protected cruiser, while a protected cruiser was generally cheaper and less effective than an armored cruiser (with some exceptions in each case). Unprotected cruisers included medium-sized ships such as the Spanish and Chinese \"Kai Che\" down to smaller ships of about 1,000 tons. A small unprotected cruiser was little different from a large gunboat (for instance, at the Battle of Manila in 1898 the American was larger than the Spanish unprotected cruisers of the , and was equivalent to a small British protected cruiser, however the US Navy classified \"Concord\" as only a gunboat.) Such ships could be known by alternate names depending on the preference of each navy. For instance, the British Royal Navy tended to refer to larger gunboats/small cruisers as “sloops”. The designation “unprotected” made sense only after the development of protected cruisers in the 1880s. Many ships designed earlier had essentially the same features and size range; for instance, the Spanish , the French and the Dutch ships were also to be called unprotected cruisers. Steel-hulled cruisers had been preceded by iron-hulled (but not armored) ships and composite (iron and wood)-hulled ships, which were originally termed cruisers, frigates, or corvettes. Most of these ships retained sailing rig and were useful for colonial duties, where dockyards and coal supplies were often inadequate. Some of these older ships were fairly large, for instance . The cruisers meant for colonial duty, like gunboats, were not built for high speed. The French unprotected cruiser \"Milan\" (1885) was distinct in appearance and role, with the recognition that cruisers were more useful as scouts and commerce raiders if they were faster than ironclad battleships. In the 1880s and 1890s fast, small unarmored cruisers could also be listed as “avisos”, “dispatch boats” (if the ship was fast enough to be useful for carrying messages, in the era before wireless), or “torpedo cruisers” (a term derived from “torpedo gunboats”, again the distinction being mainly of larger size). Different contemporary reference works may use more than one of these terms for the same ship. All of these terms faded from use because the design of these ships became obsolete. By World War I, there was no need to produce unprotected cruisers since fast “light” cruisers could be given not only protective decks but side armor (over the pre-dreadnought era, effective armor could be made thinner with less weight due to advances in steelworking technology). The speed and firepower difference between even a small light cruiser and a gunboat had made these categories permanently distinct. Wireless technology had eliminated message-carrying roles, and specialized torpedo craft were made much lighter and faster (destroyers). When discarded terms such as “sloop”, “frigate” and “corvette” were used again, it was for small anti-submarine convoy escort craft. Unprotected cruiser An unprotected cruiser was a type of naval warship in use during the late Victorian or pre-dreadnought era (about 1880 to 1905). The name was meant to distinguish these ships from “protected cruisers” which had become accepted in the 1880s. A protected cruiser did not have side armor on its hull like a battleship or “armored cruiser” but had only a curved armored deck built inside the ship – like an internal turtle"
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"Kimberly Kane Kimberly Kane (born August 28, 1983) is an American pornographic actress, director, ex-radio host and anti-piracy advocate. Kane was born and raised in Tacoma, Washington. She is of German and Danish descent. Her mother was a pornographic film producer and exotic dancer. At age 13, Kane moved to Portland, Oregon. She later moved to Las Vegas, where she worked at a Mars Music store and was a tambourine player and backup singer for a cover band called Skull Rose. Kane worked as a stripper for a year when she was 18 years old. She danced at the Sugar Shack, a strip club in Portland, Oregon. She entered the adult film industry in August 2003 when she was 20 years old and did her first scene for the film \"Troubled Teens\". She's had nipple piercings, but no tattoos. Despite her differentiated performances doing anal, double penetration, swallow and interracial, she is often cast in the alt porn genre, even at times in which she had no body modifications. In 2006, she made her directorial debut with the film \"Naked and Famous\" for Pulse Distribution. She went on to direct \"Triple Ecstasy\", \"Morphine\", and \"Live In My Secrets\", three alt porn films produced by Vivid Entertainment. Kane used to co-host a radio show titled \"The Porn Hunnies\" with Maria Menendez on KSEX. She has also written for \"Strip Las Vegas\" and \"AVN\" magazines. In 2010, Kane was named by \"Maxim\" as one of the 12 top female stars in porn and named one of the top 10 female directors by \"XCritic\". More recently, Kimberly Kane has hosted the Vice Media documentary series Sex + Food. On March 22, 2010, Kane participated in an anti-piracy public service announcement for the Free Speech Coalition. In the 2012 United States presidential election, Kane voiced her support for President Barack Obama, stating that she agreed with his views on women's issues, health care, and gay rights. That same year, expressed her opposition towards Measure B, a law requiring pornographic actors to wear condoms during all sex scenes filmed in Los Angeles County, California. Kane was engaged to the porn director Jack the Zipper for over two years, but they separated in 2006. She is also an avid role playing gamer, participating in a weekly \"Dungeons & Dragons\" game with other adult performers and sex workers. Kimberly Kane Kimberly Kane (born August 28, 1983) is"
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"Kalika Prasad Shukla Kalika Prasad Shukla (), born 15 October 1921, is a Sanskrit scholar and poet based in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. He won the Sahitya Akademi Award for Sanskrit in the year 1986 for the epic poem \"Śrīrādhācaritamahākāvyam\". He was formerly the Head of Departments of Vedanga and Vyākaraṇa at the Sampurnanand Sanskrit University. Kalika Prasad Shukla was born in the Mathia-Shukia village in Deoria district of Uttar Pradesh. He obtained the \"Navyavyakaranacharya\", \"Nyaya Shastri\" and \"Kavyatirtha\" degrees in the traditional (Gurukula) system of Sanskrit learning. He then obtained the \"Acharya\" (Master of Arts) degree in Sanskrit from Agra University in 1957. In 1978, he obtained the degree of \"Vachaspti\" (DLitt) from the Sampurnanand Sanskrit University along with a Gold Medal. From 1957 to 1968, he taught as a lecturer in the Baroda Sanskrit Mahavidyalaya under the Maharaja Sayajirao University. He joined the Sampurnanand Sanskrit University in 1968 and served there till his retirement in 1982. From 1968 to 1975 he served as a Lecturer, from 1975 to 1979 as a Reader, and from 1979 to 1982 as a Professor. He retired as the Head of Departments of Vedanga and Vyakarana. After retiring from the Sampurnanand Sanskrit University, he settled in Varanasi. He took his last breathe because of brain haemorrhage on 21 June 1993 in Varanasi as per his last wish. Kalika Prasad Shukla has authored fifteen books and more than 25 papers. His major works include− Shukla is known for his creative writing skills and is acclaimed as a poet of great distinction. Roshen Dalal wrote that the \"Śrīrādhācaritamahākāvyam\" is a \"rare, high quality Sanskrit works of the twentieth century.\" K. Krishnamoorthy wrote about him− Kalika Prasad Shukla Kalika Prasad Shukla (), born 15 October 1921, is a Sanskrit scholar and poet based in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh."
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"Three Stories by Eldar Djangirov Three Stories is an album by jazz pianist Eldar Djangirov, released on April 5, 2011, by Sony Masterworks. It is the seventh album released under his name and his first piano solo album, unlike his previous albums usually consisting of jazz trio. As being a successful pianist even in his early years, Djangirov has gained undoubted fame as young jazz pianist, as earning 2008 Grammy Nomination for Best Contemporary Jazz Album. Unlike many other musicians who gain the fame in their youth and disappears as they grow, Djangirov has maintained his career and technique, and released his seventh album \"Three Stories\" in 2011. The 14 compositions enlisted in the album, each talking about three different stories, classical, standards, and originals, as the album title \"Three Stories\" suggests. The title also has another meaning, as \"three-movement composition which consists of three musical 'narratives,' each telling a distinct story\". By this album, Eldar has demonstrated his definite talent in rearranging those standards in his own melodic way with few essential jazz techniques such as ragtime. When playing classical, Eldar demonstrates his exceptionally speedy and flawless playing with sterility. These ability of Eldar in both jazz and classical brings the comparison of Eldar with Keith Jarrett for creating a work with both classical and jazz influences. These talents are put together to form the originals of Eldar, to distinguish him from other jazz or classical musicians. There are 3 different facets of the musics in this album: 3 originals, 3 classical pieces, and 8 standards. This album received many compliments from various media and sources. One reviewer noted that \"\"Three Stories\" showcases a sense of touch and feel, and a thorough comprehension of the original compositions.\" Another reviewer asserted that \"\"Three Stories\"is certainly jazz piano, but it's the kind that belongs in a recital hall… Djangirov gets to the heart of every song.\" Also many has credited him not only with extraordinary talent for young musician, but also with the ability to cross the frontier between jazz and classical. Three Stories by Eldar Djangirov Three Stories is an album by jazz pianist Eldar Djangirov, released on April 5, 2011, by Sony Masterworks. It is the seventh album released under his name and his first piano solo album, unlike his previous albums usually consisting of jazz trio. As being a successful pianist even in his early years, Djangirov has"
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"John Dalrymple, 13th Earl of Stair John Aymer Dalrymple, 13th Earl of Stair (9 October 1906 – 26 February 1996), was a British peer. Dalrymple was the son of John Dalrymple, 12th Earl of Stair and Violet Evelyn Harford. He served as Lord-Lieutenant of Wigtownshire from 1961 to 1983. He also competed in the four-man bobsleigh event at the 1928 Winter Olympics. Lord Stair married the Queen's cousin Davina Katherine Bowes-Lyon (2 May 1930-1 November 2017), daughter of the Honourable Sir David Bowes-Lyon and Rachel Pauline Clay, on 14 January 1960. They had three children and ten grandchildren: Lord Stair died on 26 February 1996, aged 89, and was succeeded by his eldest son, John. John Dalrymple, 13th Earl of Stair John Aymer Dalrymple, 13th Earl of Stair (9 October 1906 – 26 February 1996), was a British peer. Dalrymple was the son of John Dalrymple, 12th Earl of Stair and Violet Evelyn Harford. He served as Lord-Lieutenant of Wigtownshire from 1961 to 1983. He also competed in the four-man bobsleigh event at the 1928 Winter Olympics. Lord Stair married the Queen's cousin Davina Katherine Bowes-Lyon (2 May 1930-1 November 2017), daughter of the Honourable Sir David Bowes-Lyon and Rachel"
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"retrieved": [
"James Bell (reformer) James Bell (fl. 1551-1596) was an English reformer. Bell was a native of the Diocese of Bath, Somersetshire, and was admitted a fellow of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, probably in 1547. He graduated B.A. in 1551, and on 30 May 1556 was nominated a fellow of Trinity College, Oxford, when he was appointed rhetoric lecturer. The doubts expressed by Wood as to whether these details do not apply to James Bell, a Roman Catholic priest executed in 1584, are set at rest by Bliss in a life of Bell added to the \"Athenæ.\" Bell in the Michaelmas term of 1550 gave up his fellowship, and became a zealous partisan of the Reformation. In 1564 he wrote and dedicated to Queen Elizabeth \"An Account of Caecilia, Princess of Sweden, travelling into England,\" which exists only in a manuscript preserved in the British Museum (MS. Royal 17). From the character of his description it is probable that he accompanied the princess to England. The other works of Bell are translations from the Latin as follows : 1. \"Sermon preached at the christening of a certain Jew at London,\" by John Foxe, 1573. 2. \"Sermon of the Evangelical Olive,\" by John Foxe, 1578. 3. \"Treatise touching the Libertie of a Christian Man,\" by Luther, 1579. 4. \"The Pope Confuted — the Holy and Apostolical Church Confuting the Pope — the First Action,\" by John Foxe, 1580. 5. \"Answer Apologetical to Hierome Osorius, his Slanderous Invectives,\" by Haddon and Foxe, 1581 . On 13 Feb. 1595 Bell was presented to the prebend of Holcombe in the church of Wells, and on 11 Oct. 1596 to that of Combe in the same church. The date and place of his death are unknown. James Bell (reformer) James Bell (fl. 1551-1596) was an English"
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"Bussento The Bussento is a river in southwestern Italy. Originating from Cervati mountain, it flows in the Campanian territory of Cilento, in the Province of Salerno. Its mouth is by the Tyrrhenian Sea, nearby Policastro Bussentino. After its origin in Cervati, it flows south of Sanza, crosses Sant'Eliano, nearby the artificial Lake Sabetta (fed by the river), and Caselle in Pittari. After Caselle, it flows under the Pannello mountain, and emerges in Morigerati, next to its municipal borders with Tortorella. After it, the Bussento marks Morigerati's border with Santa Marina, flows south of Sicilì, crosses the municipal borders of Torre Orsaia until its railway station in Calleo and, after, it flows near the localities of Hangar, Santa Lucia and Crocefisso. Its mouth, on the Gulf of Policastro, by the Tyrrhenian Sea, is 700 m west of Policastro Bussentino, near Torre Oliva, and 2.4 km east of Scario. The main tributary of Bussento is the Bussentino, a creek that flows through Casaletto Spartano, Battaglia, Tortorella, and joins the river in Morigerati, near the Bussento Caves. The Caves of Bussento, located in Morigerati, are a WWF Oasis. It is a nature reserve that includes gorges and caves along the river. Bussento The"
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"Tornado Mania! Tornado Mania! is a mobile game developed by Digital Chocolate. Players assume the role of a scientist who has decided to create his own Utopia by collecting buildings with the tornadoes he creates. Players assume the role of a scientist who has grown weary of the world and therefore decides to create his own isolated Utopia. The game's 'Utopia Mode' combines elements of \"Katamari Damacy\" and \"Sim City\"; after buildings have been claimed by the player's tornado they are placed in the target location, optimal placement increases the Utopia's inhabitants' happiness. Players do not have direct control over the tornado's path; it sweeps across the landscape in a clockwise arc, players can alter the direction of movement by reversing to counter-clockwise movement. \"Tornado Mania!\" received a positive response from game critics, including being awarded a perfect 10/10 and IGN's game of the month award for December 2006. Tornado Mania! Tornado Mania! is a mobile game developed by Digital Chocolate. Players assume the role of a scientist who has decided to create his own Utopia by collecting buildings with the tornadoes he creates. Players assume the role of a scientist who has grown weary of the world and therefore"
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"History of Östersund Östersund is a relatively young Scandinavian city, being founded as late as 1786, after several Swedish attempts to found and charter a city in Jämtland, a previously Norwegian province. Since the 16th century when Sweden became a sovereign state, its leadership has sought to expand Sweden's influence over Jämtland, which at the time still was a part of Norway, or more precisely Denmark-Norway. First politically, with no substantial result, later economically. Cities were established along the Norrlandic coast in order to control trade, Jämtland's faring trade included. Härnösand was the first city established in 1585, later followed by Sundsvall 1621. These cities were tiny and had little success dealing with the deeply rooted resistance towards States' interest in controlling trade and the connection between Trøndelag and Jämtland. Plans regarding the foundation of a Swedish city or \"köping\" (market town, \"Chipping\") in Jämtland existed amongst governmental officials already after the province was ceded from Denmark-Norway in 1645. Queen Christina demanded the establishment of a sconce on Andersön shortly after the province became Swedish, this sconce would together with Frösö sconce secure the Swedish control over Jämtland. Christina's intention was to locate the \"Jamts' city\" within this fortification. In order to construct the sconce the local inhabitants were coerced into forced labour 1651 but after protests and lack of capital the project was ended in 1654. Shortly afterwards there was a major revolt against the Swedish governance of Jämtland in Storsjöbygden and after the Dano-Norwegian reconquest of Jämtland in 1677 where the Jamts actively aided their \"real\" countrymen, saw them as liberators and fought the Swedes, all plans were regarding a Swedish city in Jämtland were put on ice. In 1758 the plans were brought back up through an initiative from a civilian, though the authority saw no need for a city in Jämtland. The proposition did, however, initiate a new debate whether or not a city was to be established in Jämtland. The already mentioned Norrlandic cities demanded it so that the faring traditions and the lucrative cross country border trade conducted by Jamts in Norway across \"Kölen\" was ended. The Jamts were known to neglect the agriculture and instead take on long trading journeys all over Scandinavia to various markets. With a city in Jämtland this could finally end and the city would be able to secure the goods transportation, which usually was very scarce, to the coast. From a military point a foundation of a city in Jämtland was favorable, given that Sweden no longer was power to be reckon with in Northern Europe. Östersund was founded and given its charter by King Gustav III of Sweden in 1786, shortly after the outskirt of the Odensala farmers' lands were bought for the purpose. The only thing actually located in the area at the time was the main road and the bridge to Frösön, the then mercantile and administrative centre of Jämtland. The trade in Jämtland couldn't be prevented from the Norrlandic coast, all trade restrictions such as border controls, punishments, trade prohibition and tariffs were unsatisfying for the Swedish authority. The Jamts were too cunning and some people claim that the Jamtish signature mark \"bällt du luur'n\" (were you able to trick him) derives from the Jamtish attempts to trick the Swedish border guard in order to avoid paying customs on merchandises brought back from Norway. This development wasn't unique for Sweden, it occurred throughout the Nordic countries, in today's Finland the cities Tampere, Kuopio and Kaskinen were founded. Though Östersund is, as stated in the beginning, the only city in today's Sweden founded and chartered in the 18th century. In Denmark-Norway Reykjavík was founded the very same year as Östersund on Iceland. Östersund was upon foundation freed from taxes during a 20 years timespan and completely liberated from trade regulations and guild order. The State tried to pursue the Jamtish traders on Frösön to migrate to the new city but they had no intentions of leaving such a rich parish with fertile soils Frösön consisted of in favor of the swamp and marches across the strait. During its first 50 years the city's population only grew (on average) with eight people per year. The city did become the capital of the newly founded county consisting of the provinces Jämtland and Härjedalen in 1810, meaning that a county residence was built and a county administrative board was located to the city. Though Östersund remained as a de facto farmer village with less than 400 inhabitants 1820. The 1840s were slightly better when Jemtlands Tidning (Jämtland's first newspaper) was established, the first church was inaugurated, Frösö Trivial School was located to the city and a general hospital was built. The city grew a little more when the full scale logging process was initiated in the 1850s and the 1860s. It took till the construction of the railroad in 1879 before Östersund became a real city and actually gained the status as Jämtland's centre, at Frösön's expense. Thanks to the \"farmer chieftain\" Nils Larson i Tullus the railroad came to pass through the city itself instead of outside it, as planned. The railway from coast to coast across the then union between Sweden and Norway was finished 1882, connecting Östersund closer to Trondheim and Sundsvall. Östersund then came to grow faster than any other Swedish city. After ten years it had passed 20 Swedish cities in population. The city attracted immigrants, a majority from the Jamtish countryside though still with a high number of settlers from Southern Sweden. Along with the settlers came new influences to Jämtland and the province entered the popular movement age forcefully. In comparison with the rest of Sweden the popular movements in Östersund were unusually dynamical. In Jämtland and Härjedalen the free minded Good Templar movement (a part of the temperance movement) came to dominate completely. It was preceded by the free church movement that challenged the city's establishment with the creation of a missionary house and a baptist chapel. The third large popular movement, the labour movement was greatly hampered by the free minded temperance movement but also become somewhat prominent in the city, given that first of May demonstrations were held as early as 1890. The first temperance lounge in Östersund was established in 1882, after half a year the numbers of lounges had grown to six. In 1883, 700 of the city's total population of 3,000 were organized Good Templars. The rapid success the movement had created a unique enthusiasm and the movement came to encompass every part of the society. The movement arranged its own weddings, Christmas markets, entertainment establishments and coffeehouses were started, banks, a social insurance agency, library were founded by the movement. Though the greatest symbol of the movements grandeur was the Order House constructed 1885 in the city, \"Östersunds-Goodtemplars-Ordenshus\". When one of the most prominent leaders, Joseph Malins, visited the city he announced that it was the world's largest order house. Östersund was \"the Good Templar city\". The year afterwards, when the city celebrated its 100th anniversary the Good Templar and newspaper proprietor Johan Lindström Saxon looked forward and prophesied the fast-growing city as the new capital in Sweden-Norway till the city's 200th anniversary (Östersund did not achieve this status, as the union was abolished in 1905). Jämtland with Östersund as its centre became the temperance movements, in relation to the population, strongest foothold in the entire World. At the same time Östersund became the trading centre of Jämtland with the ancient market Gregorie market as highlight. Sweden received its freedom of trade in 1864 and the city's trade exploded and grew sevenfold from the early 1870s till 1910. In 1886, 30 per cent",
"largest order house. Östersund was \"the Good Templar city\". The year afterwards, when the city celebrated its 100th anniversary the Good Templar and newspaper proprietor Johan Lindström Saxon looked forward and prophesied the fast-growing city as the new capital in Sweden-Norway till the city's 200th anniversary (Östersund did not achieve this status, as the union was abolished in 1905). Jämtland with Östersund as its centre became the temperance movements, in relation to the population, strongest foothold in the entire World. At the same time Östersund became the trading centre of Jämtland with the ancient market Gregorie market as highlight. Sweden received its freedom of trade in 1864 and the city's trade exploded and grew sevenfold from the early 1870s till 1910. In 1886, 30 per cent of the population in Östersund were tradesmen (twice as high as the national average), remarkably, 45 per cent of the tradesmen at the time were females. Ironically it wasn't until the establishment of the railroad and with the liberalization of trade the city actually fulfilled its purpose and the faring traditions in Jämtland ended. Östersund was a city in symbiosis with the countryside surrounding it, both economically and culturally and the extremely unusual \"native district movement\" broke ground in the beginning of the 20th century. In 1908 the organization Jämtslöjd was founded joining the ancient monument association and together they started planning an open-air museum – Jamtli. The museum was later followed by a county museum and the Regional Archive. An important element in the culture was Jämtland's library, which was moved from Frösön to Östersund in 1912. Östersund thus came to inhabit one of the most valuable libraries in northern Scandinavia. The time preceding World War I was a very important time for Östersund due to the fact that most of what's characterized Östersund as a city was established then. The idealistic views among the population had expressed itself through the popular movements, and continued to do so. \"If it had come to moving Åreskutan rock by rock we'd have deemed it possible\" an older Good Templar later said. When the population constantly grew new constructions were made. It was now that the great city hall was built 1912 after the drawings of Frans Bertil Wallberg. Among the Good Templars local history become extremely popular and the temperance movement and the native district movement were joint. The Good Templars saw industrialization as a significant threat towards the native districts and the old village and farmer community. Due to most of Östersund's population having their roots in the Jamtish countryside the city was spared from city-village tensions. The work from the movements made the city and its centre-right (Swedish: borgerlig, see burgh and bourgeoisie) governance extremely rejective towards industries. Instead they wanted to portray Östersund as a centre of outdoor activities, culture, education and tourism. Industries were not allowed to threaten the good environment, the fresh air, the nature and the social history traditions. However, everything wasn't positive in the city. Signs of harsher times were evident. The labour market conflict of 1909 (the Swedish General Strike) was the culmination of growing tension between workers and employers. No larger encounters occurred though the strike was a huge setback for the labour movement in Sweden and even more so in Östersund. In 1917 when the Great War was fought on the continent and with the February revolution in Russia, starting the Russian Revolution also affected Östersund. Rationing led to lack of supplies and a revolution was feared. Some of the citizens, primarily soldiers, went on hunger strikes and at the first of May that year 4,000 demonstrators gathered in front of the city hall demanding lower prices on milk and wood. The year after the Spanish flu spread like wildfire across the world. The city doctor in Östersund notified that \"Östersund ought without objection have been more haunted by the flu than any other Swedish city\", which is why Östersund has been referred to as the \"Spanish flu's capital\". The old school (today the tourist agency) became a temporary hospital and when no crisis centre existed several organizations stepped in to help the population. Even the authority did what they could and banned public gatherings, in addition to the closing of theaters and cinemas. Despite the great depression and several crisis resulting in a very high unemployment rate Östersund continued to grow in the interwar period. The municipal community Odenslund was incorporated into Östersund in 1918. The business world remained largely unaffected and Östersund continued being one of the least industrialized cities in Sweden. Instead Östersund continued to focus on wholesale trade and became a centre of this in northern and north central Sweden. The city's central position was strengthened when Inlandsbanan was constructed through Jämtland from the north to the south. During the interwar period the car and the bus became common. The first scheduled bus route was created in the 1920s between Östersund and the nearby town of Brunflo. In the next decade well over 40 bus routes were functioning in Östersund. The buses were of the skvader-type, a cross between a bus and a truck carrying both people and milk bottles. The dairy was located west of the bus square, \"Gustav III:s torg\", at the shopping mall Kärnan's current whereabout. This square naturally become a central part of the city. The social life changed, \"Östersunds Rundradiostation\" started its radio broadcast in 1927 and the cinemas became an obvious entertainment. The sport received its first large facilities. In 1917 \"Hofvallen\" was inaugurated and in the 1930s a bath house, a harness racing course and the tennis hall were built. The Good Templar movement won the Swedish prohibition referendum of 1922 by a landslide in Jämtland County, 72.2 per cent of the population supported a prohibition (63.5 per cent of the males and 83.2 per cent of the females). No prohibition was introduced though when Sweden as a whole voted against a prohibition. Despite the massive amount of support regionally the movement began declining. The movement did, however, affect the city largely. It was like the dawn of a new age when the Good Templar house's sign was changed in 1947 into \"teater\" (theater) in what's now \"Gamla Teatern\" \"the old theater\". Östersund continued to grow after World War II. Lugnvik was incorporated into the city in 1954 and Östersund was just like the rest of Jämtland affected by the Rehn-Meidner-model, though not in the same way. The Swedish Keynesian politic was launched in order to improve the mobility of the labour force. Jämtland was struck hard by this when the people moved from the countryside to cities, from inland to coast and from the north to the south. As an urban area Östersund was affected by the Million Programme and urban districts like Körfältet were created. The negative view towards industries were changed when the Social Democrats came to power for the first time in the city's history in 1952. Industries were enticed to Östersund through the national localization politic and industrial areas were created in Odenskog and Lugnvik. The development wasn't, as already mentioned, as good in the rest of Jämtland as it was in Östersund and as a counter act towards the governmental politic the Republic of Jamtland was established in 1963. Östersund became the republic's \"capital\" and the home to the freedom festival Storsjöyran. Östersund continued to grow and in 1970 Frösö köping was made a part of Östersund. In the year of 1971 a major reform occurred in Sweden creating large municipalities replacing all the older institutions and the new large municipality was named after the city. Just like in the rest of Sweden the public sector greatly expanded at this time. In 1960 the public sector of",
"were enticed to Östersund through the national localization politic and industrial areas were created in Odenskog and Lugnvik. The development wasn't, as already mentioned, as good in the rest of Jämtland as it was in Östersund and as a counter act towards the governmental politic the Republic of Jamtland was established in 1963. Östersund became the republic's \"capital\" and the home to the freedom festival Storsjöyran. Östersund continued to grow and in 1970 Frösö köping was made a part of Östersund. In the year of 1971 a major reform occurred in Sweden creating large municipalities replacing all the older institutions and the new large municipality was named after the city. Just like in the rest of Sweden the public sector greatly expanded at this time. In 1960 the public sector of Sweden constituted about 30 per cent of Sweden's total gross domestic product, in the middle of the 1980s the number had grown to 65 per cent. At the time it was here the jobs were, in the county board, the state and in the new municipality. The main reason for the large expansion were the expanded transfer payment to the households that occurred, along with growing interest and public consummation. Everything was founded by large tax raises. The entire 1970s was an expansion period. Besides the new industrial complex the Frösö bridge was constructed, a new police house, \"Z-kupolen\" (burned to the ground in 1989), \"Storsjöteatern\", Folkets hus, urban district churches, shopping malls etc. The County Administration board and the hospital expanded and large housing estates were constructed in Körfältet, Lugnvik and Odensala. The city tried to acquire a \"humanistic college of higher learning\" on Frösön already in the 1940s. A large tension existed between the cities in Norrland and Umeå left the struggle victorious 1962. Östersund, however, required a \"social college of higher learning\" in 1971. Since 2005, Östersund has been one of the main campus sites of the Mid Sweden University (Mittuniversitetet). A number of governmental offices have also been located to the city in recent years. An asylum centre has now opened near Östersund, \"holding 900 refugees, mostly from Afghanistan, Syria and Iraq,\" reported the Daily Mail in March 2016. History of Östersund Östersund is a relatively young Scandinavian city, being founded as late as 1786, after several Swedish attempts to found and charter a"
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"Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges (; 18 March 1830 – 12 September 1889) was a French historian. Joseph McCarthy argues that his first great book, \"The Ancient City\" (1864) was based on his in-depth knowledge of the primary Greek and Latin texts. The book argued that: Born in Paris, of Breton descent, after studying at the École Normale Supérieure he was sent to the French School at Athens in 1853, he directed some excavations in Chios, and wrote an historical account of the island. After his return he filled various educational offices, and took his doctorate with two theses, \"Quid Vestae cultus in institutis veterum privatis publicisque valuerit\" and \"Polybe, ou la Grèce conquise par les Romains\" (1858). In these works his distinctive qualities were already revealed. His minute knowledge of the language of the Greek and Roman institutions, coupled with his low estimate of the conclusions of contemporary scholars, led him to go directly to the original texts, which he read without political or religious bias. When, however, he had succeeded in extracting from the sources a general idea that seemed to him clear and simple, he attached himself to it as if to the truth itself. From 1860 to 1870 he was professor of history at the faculty of letters at Strasbourg, where he had a brilliant career as a teacher, but never yielded to the influence exercised by the German universities in the field of classical and Germanic antiquities. It was at Strasbourg that he published his remarkable volume \"La Cité antique\" (1864), in which he showed forcibly the part played by religion in the political and social evolution of Greece and Rome. The book was so consistent throughout, so full of ingenious ideas, and written in so striking a style, that it ranks as one of the masterpieces of the French language in the 19th century. By this literary merit Fustel set little store, but he clung tenaciously to his theories. When he revised the book in 1875, his modifications were very slight, and it is conceivable that, had he recast it, as he often expressed the desire to do in the last years of his life, he would not have abandoned any part of his fundamental thesis. Fustel de Coulanges was appointed to a lectureship at the École Normale Supérieure in February 1870, to a professorship at the Paris faculty of letters in 1875, and to the chair of medieval history created for him at the Sorbonne in 1878, he applied himself to the study of the political institutions of ancient France. The invasion of France by the German armies during the Franco-Prussian War attracted his attention to the Germanic invasions under the Roman Empire. Pursuing the theory of JB Dubos, but also transforming it, he maintained that those invasions were not marked by the violent and destructive character usually attributed to them; that the penetration of the German barbarians into Gaul was a slow process; that the Germans submitted to the imperial administration; that the political institutions of the Merovingians had their origins in the Roman laws at least as much as, if not more than, in German usages; and, consequently, that there was no conquest of Gaul by the Germans. This thesis he sustained in his \"Histoire des institutions politiques de l'ancienne France\", the first volume of which appeared in 1874. It was the author's original intention to complete this work in four volumes, but as the first volume was keenly attacked in Germany as well as in France, Fustel was forced in self-defence to recast the book entirely. He re-examined all the texts and wrote a number of dissertations, which were dominated by his general idea and characterized by a total disregard for the results of such historical disciplines as diplomatic. From this crucible issued an entirely new work, less well arranged than the original, but rich in facts and critical comments. The first volume was expanded into three volumes, \"La Gaule romaine\" (1891), \"L'Invasion germanique et la fin de l'empire\" (1891) and \"La Monarchie franque\" (1888), followed by three other volumes, \"L'Alleu et le domaine rural pendant l'époque mérovingienne\" (1889), \"Les Origines du système féodal: le bénéfice et le patronat ...\" (1890) and \"Les Transformations de la royauté pendant l'époque carolingienne\" (1892). Thus, in six volumes, he had carried the work no farther than the Carolingian period. The dissertations not embodied in his work were collected by himself and (after his death) by his pupil, Camille Jullian, and published as volumes of miscellanies: \"Recherches sur quelques problèmes d'Histoire\" (1885), dealing with the Roman colonate, the land system in Normandy; the Germanic mark, and the judiciary organization in the kingdom of the Franks; \"Nouvelles recherches sur quelques problèmes d'histoire\" (1891); and \"Questions historiques\" (1893), which contains his paper on Chios and his thesis on Polybius. His life was devoted almost entirely to his teaching and his books. In 1875, he was elected member of the Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques, and in 1880 reluctantly accepted the post of director of the École Normale. Without intervening personally in French politics, he took a keen interest in the questions of administration and social reorganization arising from the fall of the imperialist régime and the disasters of the war. He wished the institutions of the present to approximate more closely to those of the past, and devised for the new French constitution a body of reforms which reflected the opinions he had formed upon the democracy at Rome and in ancient France. But these were dreams which did not hold him long, and he would have been scandalized had he known that his name was subsequently used as the emblem of a political and religious party. He died at Massy (then called Seine-et-Oise) in 1889. Throughout his historical career — at the École Normale and the Sorbonne and in his lectures delivered to the empress Eugénie — his sole aim was to ascertain the truth, and in the defence of truth his polemics against what he imagined to be the blindness and insincerity of his critics sometimes assumed a character of harshness and injustice. But, in France at least, these critics were the first to render justice to his learning, his talents and his disinterestedness. Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges (; 18 March 1830 – 12 September 1889) was a French historian. Joseph McCarthy argues that his first great book, \"The Ancient City\" (1864) was based on his in-depth knowledge of the primary Greek and Latin texts. The book argued that: Born in Paris,"
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"Aryane Steinkopf Aryane Steinkopf Malfacini (born December 14, 1987) is a Brazilian model and nutritionist. She became known nationally for being panicat of the Pânico na TV programme. On July 3, 2011, she made her debut as a panicat in the TV show \"Pânico na TV\" of RedeTV!. Before, she had already participated in the program on the board \"Xurupita's Farm 2\", and reconciled modeling with the career of nutritionist (she graduated in nutrition in 2010 from Vila Velha University). In March 2012, she was fired in the middle of the holidays along with Jaque Khury and Babi Rossi after the change of program to the Band. In February 2012, she was cover of VIP magazine where it was mentioned as \"The most perfect of Pânico\". In April 2012, she was cover of Playboy magazine. With sales record of 2012, was chosen to stamp the cover of the special edition of December. Also cover the DVD with the best making of the year (the magazine is sold along with the DVD). Still in 2012, she was chosen by the Internet users of Portal Virgula as the best butt of the present time. In September, she posed for a Labellamafia brand campaign. In the same month, the Angolan singer Adi Cudz released on YouTube the music video \"Ya Não Quero Olhar\", with the participation of the model. In 2013, she participated in the sixth season of the reality show A Fazenda, from Rede Record, where she was eliminated in the third week with 48% of the votes to stay. Aryane has already made three sensual essays for the Paparazzo of the portal Globo.com. The first was in November 2011. The second was in September 2014. The third was in August 2015, along with her husband Beto, being the first in the history of the site without any digital retouching. She is currently a post-graduate student in Maternal and Child Health and dedicates herself exclusively to nutrition and the maternal world. She idealized the nutritional plan for pregnant \"NutriMama Guide\". In December 2011, she was a ring girl at the \"WFE Platinum\" MMA event in Salvador. In December 2012, after several events, the \"Ring / Cage Girl of the Year\" was elected in the 1st Osvaldo Paquetá Prize, with 6,624 (31%) votes. In March 2013, besides being ring girl in the first edition of MMA Champions League, also was the official DJ of the event. In March 2014, to commemorate a year in the career of DJ, she did a photo essay. When she entered the reality show, Fazenda 6, she had been dating for seven years (five dating and two sharing the same roof) with her manager Wellington Junior, but ended up engaging a romance with model Beto Malfacini. She married Beto on October 13, 2014, in Espírito Santo. On September 30, 2016, she gave birth to her first child: Aarão. Aryane Steinkopf Aryane Steinkopf Malfacini (born December 14, 1987) is a Brazilian model and nutritionist. She became known nationally for"
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"Juan Rullán Rivera Juan (Juanin) Rullán Rivera (born 1884) was Puerto Rican politician who served as the Mayor of the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. Juan Rullán was born on November 19, 1884 in the Juan Alonso Barrio of Mayagüez; his parents were Juan Rullán and Ramona Rivera. He had his primary education in \"El Liceo de Mayagüez\". When he got involved in politics he began as a follower of Antonio R. Barcelo, but it did not take long for him to become its standard bearer in Mayagüez. He was nominated and elected mayor of Mayagüez in 1920, winning by 2,111 votes. He won again in the 1924 elections being nominated by the newly established \"Alianza Puertoriqueña\" Party, winning over the Coalitión candidate Rafael Marange by over 4,000 votes. He again won in the 1928 elections also being nominated by the Aliancista Party, winning over Coalitión candidate Alfonso González by only 425 votes. As mayor of the city he was involved in numerous projects. He built a new aqueduct with a modern filtration plant under the direction of Ing. Monsiur Lefranc. He also built the new Mayagüez City Hall under the direction of the engineers/architects Adriano González Martínez, Alonso Aguilar and Ignacio Flores. Under his terms as mayor other projects were also built such as, the Luis Muñoz Rivera Park, he converted the old municipal jail into the Muñoz Rivera School, which now serves as the Hostos School of Law, he rebuilt the historic San Antonio Hospital and he also rebuilt the Mariano Riera Palmer School which had been mostly destroyed by the earthquake of 1918. During his second term as mayor he had almost all the main streets of the city paved with tar, later on the streets were paved with concrete. Juanín Rullán married doña Dolores Cuebas, who was also from Mayagüez. They only had one daughter, named Lolita Eneida Rullán de Rúa. Juan Rullán Rivera Juan (Juanin) Rullán Rivera (born 1884) was Puerto Rican politician who served as the Mayor of the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. Juan Rullán was born on November 19, 1884 in the Juan Alonso Barrio of Mayagüez; his parents were Juan Rullán and Ramona Rivera. He had his primary education in \"El Liceo de Mayagüez\". When he got involved in politics he began as a follower of Antonio R. Barcelo, but it did not take long for him to become its standard"
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"Nasim Zehra Nasim Zehra (Urdu:نسیم زہرہ) is a Pakistani journalist and writer who hosts a primetime current affairs talkshow on \"Channel 24\". Zehra studied business at the Quaid-e-Azam University and diplomacy at the Fletcher School at Tufts University in 1989. She worked as a development practitioner, working with the Canadian International Development Agency and Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation. Zehra served as a visiting lecturer at the School of Advanced International Studies at the Johns Hopkins University in 2006, and later at the Quaid-e-Azam University in 2010. She joined Dunya News in November 2008 as an anchor and hosted \"Policy Matters\" until February 2013.. During which she interviewed several national and global leaders including Michael Mullen. In April 2013, she moved to Capital TV and became the channel's current affairs editor. She left Capital TV in October 2014. In September 2015, she joined National University of Sciences and Technology as a visiting professor and remained until February 2016. On October 2014, she joined \"Channel 24\". In 2018 she releashed the book \"From Kargil to the coup: Events that shook Pakistan\", which chronicles the context of the Kargil conflict and its consequences on India–Pakistan relations. Nasim Zehra Nasim Zehra (Urdu:نسیم"
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"Realm of Fear \"Realm of Fear\" is the 128th episode of the American science fiction television series \"\". It is the second episode of the . \"Realm of Fear\" primarily focuses on Reginald Barclay's paralyzing fear of the transporter. The \"Enterprise\" comes to the assistance of the USS \"Yosemite\", a science vessel where several crewmen have gone missing after a transporter accident. The \"Enterprise\" is unable to transport directly to the ship due to interference, but Lt. Reginald Barclay suggests linking the transporter systems of both ships, allowing them to transport one-by-one to the \"Yosemite\" albeit after a lengthy dematerialization/materialization process. Barclay, assigned as part of the team, hesitates on his turn and instead walks away. Barclay discusses the matter with Counselor Deanna Troi, who teaches him Betazoid meditation techniques to help calm himself. Transporter Chief Miles O'Brien also provides Barclay with some advice on dealing with his fears, speaking how he overcame his fear of spiders, before attempting to transport him over again. Barclay is safely transported to the \"Yosemite\" and continues to help the other engineering crew investigate the disappearance. On his return trip, Barclay believes he sees wormlike-creatures in the matter stream that attempt to approach him and touch his arm, but he materializes on the \"Enterprise\" without harm. He decides that he is suffering from transporter psychosis, a rare affliction. His paranoia forces Troi to declare him unfit for duty. Barclay asks O'Brien to review the transporter logs, and O'Brien agrees there was a strange surge during Barclay's transport. Barclay asks O'Brien to transport him again, recreating the surge, and Barclay again sees the creatures in the matter stream. Barclay calls a meeting with the senior staff and explains his observations. Captain Picard orders a thorough review of the transport systems and those that have used it recently. Barclay's arm is found to be out-of-phase, and further examination reveals microbes that were not detected by the biofilter. To remove the microbes, Barclay is put through the transport again, holding him in the matter stream for a longer duration to allow the biofilters to work. While in the stream, Barclay sees one of the creatures approach him, and at the last moment, he reaches out to grab it to his body. When he materializes, one of the missing \"Yosemite\" crew safely materializes alongside him. Barclay quickly explains that the other crew members are the remaining worm creatures in the matter stream based on their equivalent numbers, and soon they rescue the remaining crew. The \"Enterprise\" crew determine that an explosion near the \"Yosemite\" during the transport caused the people to become trapped. Later, Barclay and O'Brien meet at Ten-Forward to discuss the nature of fear, upon which O'Brien shows Barclay his pet spider Christina to share with a visibly frightened Barclay. Realm of Fear \"Realm of Fear\" is the 128th episode of the American science fiction television series \"\". It is the second episode of the . \"Realm of Fear\" primarily focuses on Reginald Barclay's paralyzing fear"
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"310th Armored Cavalry Regiment The 310th Armored Cavalry Regiment (310th ACR) was a California-based reconnaissance unit of the United States Army Organized Reserve Corps, which briefly existed after World War II. It was constituted in 1948, partially organized from existing units in 1949, and inactivated in 1950. The 310th Armored Cavalry was constituted on 21 October 1948 in the Organized Reserve Corps, and partially organized from existing units. Its headquarters and headquarters company (HHC) was redesignated on 2 May 1949 from the headquarters and headquarters troop (HHT) of the 310th Cavalry Group, Mechanized, which had been constituted on 21 April 1944 as HHT, 29th Cavalry Group and activated on 1 May 1944 at Fort Riley. After being inactivated there on 6 February 1945, it was redesignated HHT, 310th Cavalry Group, Mechanized in the Organized Reserves on 23 December 1946 before being activated on 20 January 1947 at Los Angeles. The 1st Battalion was redesignated on 5 March 1949 from the 318th Mechanized Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron. It was originally constituted on 5 August 1917 during World War I in the National Army as the headquarters of the 179th Infantry Brigade of the 90th Division. Organized at Camp Travis, the brigade was sent to France with the 90th Division as part of the American Expeditionary Forces, fighting in the Battle of Saint-Mihiel, the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, and the Lorraine Campaign. Demobilized on 18 June 1919 at Camp Pike, it was reconstituted in the Organized Reserves as HHC, 179th Infantry Brigade on 24 June 1921 in the Eighth Corps Area. It was initiated (activated) on 26 November 1921 at Fort Worth, Texas. After the United States entered World War II, the company was converted into the 90th Reconnaissance Troop, without 3rd Platoon, on 30 January 1942. It was ordered into active service without personnel at Camp Barkeley on 25 March. It was expanded into the 90th Reconnaissance Squadron, Mechanized, on 15 September and relieved from the 90th Motorized Division on 7 May 1943. It was redesignated on 22 December 1943 as the 36th Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron, Mechanized. The 36th fought in the Rhineland Campaign and the Central Europe Campaign attached to the 11th Cavalry Group. It was inactivated on 26 October 1945 at Camp Patrick Henry and redesignated the 318th Mechanized Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron on 23 December 1946. Activated at Hollywood on 20 January 1947, it became part of the Organized Reserves. The HHC was inactivated on 30 November 1950 at Los Angeles. The 1st Battalion was redesignated the 36th Reconnaissance Battalion and the remainder of the regiment was disbanded on 10 March 1952. The 310th ACR did not inherit the lineage of the prewar 310th Cavalry Regiment, and was not authorized a coat of arms or distinctive unit insignia. 310th Armored Cavalry Regiment The 310th Armored Cavalry Regiment (310th ACR) was a California-based reconnaissance unit of the United States Army Organized Reserve Corps, which briefly existed after World War II. It was constituted in 1948, partially organized from existing units in 1949, and"
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"Thomas M. Franck Thomas Martin Franck (July 14, 1931 – May 27, 2009) was a lawyer, law professor, and expert on international law. Franck was the Murry and Ida Becker Professor of Law at New York University and advised many nations on legal matters, even helping some to write their constitutions. Franck was born on July 17, 1931 in Berlin, the son of a Jewish family. In November 1938, his family fled Nazi Germany and spent six months in Switzerland. After being denied visas to emigrate to the United States, the Franck family obtained Canadian visas and moved to Vancouver. Franck attended the University of British Columbia, where he received his B.A. in 1952 and Bachelor of Laws in 1953. He then began his teaching career as an assistant professor at the University of Nebraska in 1954. He further studied at Harvard University where he received a Master of Laws in 1954 and a Doctor of Juridical Science in 1959. He joined the faculty of New York University in 1957 as an associate professor, becoming a full professor in 1962, and receiving a named chair, as the Murry and Ida Becker Professor of Law in 1988. Franck published prolifically, as the author or co-author of 31 books. He also held various leadership positions and fellowships. In 1973 and 1982, he received Guggenheim Fellowships. From 1998 to 2000, he served as the president of the American Society of International Law, and in 1965 he served as the first director of the Center for International Studies at NYU. In addition to teaching at NYU, Franck taught as a visiting professor at the University of Cambridge, Stanford University and York University. Franck's work on international law was well respected. David Kennedy, of Brown University, called Franck \"the leading American scholar of international law\". Franck's 31 books covered \"a wide range of international issues,\" starting with his 1960 book \"Race and Nationalism: The Struggle for Power in Rhodesia-Nyasaland\" and ending with his 2002 book, \"Recourse to force : state action against threats and armed attacks\". In \"Race and Nationalism: The Struggle for Power in Rhodesia-Nyasaland\", Franck studied the effect of nationalism on power struggles in Central Africa, based on research during his travels in Rhodesia in 1957. Writing in \"International Affairs\", R.C. Pratt decisively criticized the book, calling it \"shrill, without sympathetic insight, historical perspective, or understanding\" and leading African historian Terence Ranger wrote that the book was \"original only when it is inaccurate.\" Franck's next major book, \"East African Unity Through Law\", was published by Yale University Press in 1965. The book discussed African federalism in depth, and was largely informed by Franck's own experiences as a constitutional consultant for Zanzibar. In the book Franck showed the lack of success up to that time in efforts at transnational federations on the continent, arguing that this was largely the result of former colonial administrators who focused only on the problems of independence and neglected transnational issues. Franck was also critical of the British Commonwealth, and Louis Blom-Cooper wrote in \"International Affairs\" that Franck's points on the Commonwealth were \"mildly prophetic.\" In 1968, Franck finished his next book, \"A Free Trade Association\", which he co-edited along with Edward Weisband. The book was based on the proceedings of a conference at NYU on a proposed free-trade association consisting of the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom, envisioned as an alternative to the European Economic Community. Franck wrote the first chapter, examining the political implications of such an arrangement and argued that the United States needed to stay engaged with Western Europe. The same year, Franck edited a second book, \"Why Federations Fail\", which returned to many of the themes examined in \"East African Unity Through Law\". The book examined several cases of failed federation, including a chapter on East Africa by Franck, and concluded with another chapter by Franck on the common themes of federation failure. In his concluding chapter, Franck emphasized the uniqueness of each individual federation, and the difficulty of finding common points, but he went on to conclude that ideological commitment was one of the most important prerequisites for federation. Franck completed a third book in 1968, \"The Structure of Impartiality\". In the book, Franck analyzed the absence of third-party, impartial decision makers in the international system. Franck wrote that \"the failure of the international community to develop a system of third-party lawmaking compatible to that of the national community may well prove to be the fatal error of our civilization\", and wrote of the many benefits that a third-party decision-making body would bring. In 1971, Franck again collaborated with Edward Weisband on his next book, \"Word Politics: Verbal Strategy Among Superpowers\". The book analyzed the importance of \"how rationalize their actions\", arguing that the cover stories advanced by politicians to disguise acts of aggression had a profound, long-term effect on the international system. In particular, Franck and Weisband argued that the rationales advanced by the superpowers set a precedent for the action of both other major powers and for smaller and less powerful states who then felt it was justified to act as the major powers had. The book combined a theoretical framework for this process with case studies, showing how their theories had been at work in the previous several decades. The two showed, for example, that the United States's Johnson Doctrine used to justify intervention in the Dominican Republic in 1965 was almost identical to the Brezhnev Doctrine used to justify the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia three years later. Robert Jervis, in a review of the book for \"Public Opinion Quarterly\", presented a detailed critique of some of the claims in the book, arguing that it overstated the role of words and understated the role of actions. Nonetheless, he concluded that the book made \"an important contribution\" to scholarship and showed that \"words matter much more than realists believe.\" Decolonization during the 1950s and 1960 implicated a process of drafting constitutions for the former colonies as they evolved into independent nation states. Franck was involved in developing constitutions for several African nations which were emerging from British rule Sierra Leone and Rhodesia, which is now known as Zimbabwe. He also worked on the constitution of Tanzania which encompassed the former Tanganyika and Zanzibar. He served as legal advisor to the African governments of Chad, Kenya and Mauritius; and in addition, he was a legal advisor to the governments of the Solomon Islands and El Salvador. Thomas M. Franck Thomas Martin Franck (July 14, 1931 – May 27, 2009) was a lawyer, law professor, and expert on international law. Franck"
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"Alexander Zinoviev Alexander Alexandrovich Zinoviev (October 29, 1922 – May 10, 2006) was a Russian logician and writer of social critique. Born to a poor provincial family, he distinguished himself in the Second World War and later in the scholarship of logic. In the 1970s he criticized the Soviet political system, sacrificing his high academic station in Moscow. Eventually Zinoviev faced exile in 1978, after his novels \"Yawning Heights\" and \"The Radiant Future\" were published in Europe. He continued to develop his socio-philosophical ideas in subsequent publications, at times employing his original genre of the \"sociological novel\". After the Collapse of the Soviet Union, Zinoviev wrote a book \"A Russian Tragedy\" (Русская Трагедия) about the USSR's collapse, calling it a catastrophe. In his later life, he championed the Soviet system and regarded post-Soviet Russia with disdain. He considered Joseph Stalin as one of the greatest personalities in history. Alexander Alexandrovich Zinoviev was born in the village of Pakhtino, Kostroma Governorate (now Chukhlomsky District, Kostroma Oblast) as the sixth child to Alexander Yakovlevich and Appolinariya Vasilyevna. A few years later they moved to Moscow, seeking better quality of life. Zinoviev excelled at school, and in 1939 entered the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History. He was soon expelled for a negative attitude toward forced collectivisation, and forbidden to enroll with any other institute. He alleged that he was involved in a plot to assassinate Joseph Stalin during a school parade, but that the plan was called off; also, that he got arrested, but evaded prosecution. He joined the Red Army in 1940 and fought in the Great Patriotic War, even as fighter pilot, receiving honours and awards for a distinguished service. In 1946 Alexander Zinoviev entered Moscow State University; he has since related that his ban from higher education was overlooked for a bribe – a box of sweets. He graduated in 1951 \"summa cum laude\" with a thesis on the logical structure of Marx’ \"Das Kapital\". During the following decades he became one of the most important logicians of the USSR. As professor and head of Logic department at MSU, Zinoviev accumulated a subtly dissident reputation, having refused to expel politically discriminated staff, and, in a gesture of protest against Brezhnev’s cult of personality, resigned from the editorial board of \"Problems of Philosophy\", the leading Soviet journal on philosophy at that time. Zinoviev’s diverse satirical stories agglomerated into his first major non-academic work, \"Yawning Heights\". After the release of the book in Switzerland in 1976, Zinovyev was demoted from his lecturer’s position, evicted from the Academy of Sciences, stripped of all awards including his war medals, and offered the liberty to leave the Soviet Union after his second novel of similar satirical style, \"The Radiant Future\", was published in the West in 1978. With his family he settled in Munich where they lived until 1999. \"Yawning Heights\" was a success, soon translated into most major European languages and read aloud in Russian via Western radio broadcasts. Among Zinoviev’s non-fictional works from that time are \"Without Illusions\" (1979), \"The Reality of Communism\" (1980), \"We and the West\" (1981), \"Communism as a Reality\" (1981), \"Gorbachevism\" (1987). The latter was first published in French, 1987 (Lausanne, \"L'Âge d'homme\"). \"Without Illusions\" is a collection of essays, lectures, and broadcasts by Zinoviev published in various sources, including Polish exile journal Kultura printed in Paris. He explained thereby his way of interpretation of the Communist society, while expressing loyalty to the scientific method. Zinoviev postulated that the Western powers had underestimated the threat of Communism, and especially the peaceful infiltration of Communist traits into Western society. He claimed that Communism did not destroy, and principally could not have destroyed the social differences among the people, changing only the outward manifestations of inequality. In 1989 in an interview with Kultura he said that it's completely unrealistic to expect that USSR satellite states (mentioning Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia) would ever leave the Soviet sphere of influence, arguing that his opinion is based on \"solid sociological theory built on top of formal logic\". Zinoviev emphasized his view that the Soviet regime’s main peculiarities were not irrational in essence, nor the result of some incidental circumstances. Rather, he asserted, they followed from the inherent “laws of society”, the systematic outcome of the combined actions of its participants. However, Zinoviev was one of the most outspoken critics of the Soviet regime until the era of Perestroyka. Unlike Solzhenitsyn, who sought a kind of revival of pre-1917 Russia, Zinovyev denied aany support to the Russian Orthodox Church or to nationalist doctrines. In his book \"The West: phenomenon of Westernism\" (1995) Zinoviev presented a detailed analysis of the modern capitalist society which he called \"Westernism\". In the introduction to the book Zinoviev wrote that he came to the conclusion that can be summarized as follows. In economic terms Westernism strives to create jobs and revenue streams for those who do not produce products and services, and to strengthen private enterprise as the most effective means of forcing people to work. In social and political terms Westernism seeks to strengthen undemocratic aspect of the society, and transform democracy into a camouflage for the totalitarian state rule. Zinoviev ceased to criticise Communism at the very dawn of Perestroika, years before the upsurge of crime and socio-economic problems that Russia faced in the 1990s. He spoke in defense of some aspects of the Soviet regime, and most radically condemned the reforms initiated by Boris Yeltsin. He argues that the West was the key influence in the Union's downfall: “Headed by the United States (a global \"supersociety\" based in the USA), the West has purposely implemented a program for destroying Russia”. In 1996, he appealed to the public to support Gennady Zyuganov, a Communist candidate who eventually lost the presidential election to Yeltsin. According to Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Zinoviev spoke of collectivisation in the USSR as of a “long-awaited gift to the Russian peasantry”. In a 1999 interview, Zinoviev said: After 21 years of exile, Zinoviev returned to Russia in 1999, declaring that he could no longer live “in the camp of those who are destroying my country and my people”. He visited and approved of Yugoslavia’s leader Slobodan Milošević, who was tried and acquitted for war crimes. Regarding Joseph Stalin, Zinoviev declared: “I consider him one of the greatest persons in the history of mankind. In the history of Russia he was, in my opinion, even greater than Lenin. Until Stalin’s death I was anti-Stalinist, but I always regarded him as an outstanding personality.” In his online interview, Zinoviev maintained that all the accusations brought against Milošević were mere slander; he also declared that he admired Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić, whom he regards as significant persons of the 20th century. Zinoviev was a co-chairman of the International Committee to Defend Slobodan Milošević. He likened the process of globalisation to a Third World War, whose first, completed phase was the Cold War. On May 10, 2006, Zinoviev died in Moscow of brain cancer. Alexander Zinoviev Alexander Alexandrovich Zinoviev (October 29, 1922 – May 10, 2006) was a Russian logician and writer of social critique. Born to a poor provincial family, he distinguished himself in the Second"
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"Emese Hunyady Emese Hunyady (born 4 March 1966) is a former speed skater. At age 10, Hunyady participated at the 1977 Hungarian Sprint Championships for Juniors, finishing sixth. Representing Hungary, she had her first international competition in 1979 and in the following years, although still a junior, she entered several senior tournaments. In 1985, after marrying her Austrian coach Thomas Nemeth, she obtained Austrian citizenship and started competing for Austria. The marriage was dissolved some years later, but she retained her Austrian citizenship. During her 25-year-long career, she was a steady performer, almost always finishing in the top 10 of the events she participated in. Her best year was 1994, when she won bronze at the European Allround Championships, became World Allround Champion, won the 1500 m World Cup, and became Olympic Champion on the 1500 m, while winning Olympic silver on the 3000 m. After that, her successes became fewer, but in 1999, she surprisingly won the World Single Distance Championships on her favourite distance, the 1500 m. Hunyady participated in six Winter Olympics from 1984 to 2002 and won a large number of Hungarian and Austrian National Allround, Sprint, and Single Distance Championships. She started her sporting career in figure skating, something she used to show when celebrating her victories as a speed skater. Hunyady is married to Timo Järvinen, a former speed skater from Finland. They have a son, Jasper. An overview of medals won by Hunyady at important championships she participated in, listing the years in which she won each: Over the course of her career, Hunyady skated one world record: To put these personal records in perspective, the last column (\"WR\") lists the official world records on the dates that Hunyady skated her personal records. Hunyady has an Adelskalender score of 162.320 points. Her highest position on the Adelskalender was a third place. <br> Emese Hunyady Emese Hunyady (born 4 March 1966) is a former speed skater. At age 10, Hunyady participated at the 1977 Hungarian Sprint Championships for Juniors, finishing sixth. Representing Hungary, she had her first international competition in 1979 and in the following years, although still a junior, she entered several senior tournaments. In 1985, after marrying her Austrian coach Thomas Nemeth, she obtained Austrian citizenship and started competing for Austria. The marriage was dissolved some years later, but she retained her Austrian citizenship. During her 25-year-long career, she was a steady"
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"Uchu Jacu Uchu Jacu (or Uchujacu; Quichua for hot flour) is a traditional flour produced from six different grains, originating from the Cayambe region in the northern part of the Ecuadorian province of Pichincha. After the recipe had almost been forgotten during some time, the flour is being produced again today in the mills of the organization UNOPAC. Though the flour is relatively little known, it is still very popular with the members of the various indigenous communities in the area. The production of Uchu Jacu marks an elaborate process; wheat, barley, corn, pea, lentil and field bean are being used as ingredients. In order to assure a high level of pureness, the grains are sorted by hand and toasted. Subsequently, garlic, annatto and cumin are added to the assorted grains and eventually the mixture is ground. Eventually, the flour is sieved another time and packed. According to tradition, Uchu Jacu is exclusively being used to make a very nutritive soup; although the full traditional recipe requires adding potatoes, onion, hominy, eggs, cream cheese and guinea pig, this version can be altered at will. Uchu Jacu resembles potato soup in appearance as well as in consistency, but develops a quite distinct flavor. Uchu Jacu Uchu Jacu (or Uchujacu; Quichua for hot flour) is a traditional flour produced from six different grains, originating from the Cayambe region in the northern part of the Ecuadorian province of Pichincha. After the recipe had almost been forgotten during some time, the flour is being produced again today in the mills of the organization UNOPAC. Though the flour is relatively little known, it is still very popular with the members of the various indigenous communities in the area. The production of Uchu Jacu marks an elaborate process; wheat, barley, corn, pea, lentil and field bean"
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"Isthmo-Colombian Area The Isthmo-Colombian Area is defined as a cultural area encompassing those territories occupied predominantly by speakers of the Chibchan languages at the time of European contact. It includes portions of the Central American isthmus like eastern El Salvador, eastern Honduras, Caribbean Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and northern Colombia. It is a portion of what has previously been termed the Intermediate Area, and was defined in a chapter by John W. Hoopes and Oscar Fonseca Z. in the 2003 book \"Gold and Power in Ancient Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia\". The concept draws upon multidisciplinary perspectives, including linguistic reconstructions by Costa Rican anthropological linguist Adolfo Constenla Umaña and observations on Chibchan genetics by Costa Rican anthropological geneticist Ramiro Barrantes Mesén. It is currently being refined through ongoing studies of the linguistics. genetics, archaeology, art history, ethnography, and ethnohistory of this part of the Americas. This includes more recent study of the relationships between this area and the Antilles within a Pan-Caribbean framework. Archaeological knowledge of this area has received relatively little attention compared to its adjoining neighbors to the north and south, despite the fact that scholars such as Max Uhle, William Henry Holmes, C. V. Hartman, and George Grant MacCurdy undertook studies of archaeological sites and collections here over a century ago that were augmented by further research by Samuel Kirkland Lothrop, John Alden Mason, Doris Zemurray Stone, William Duncan Strong, Gordon Willey, and others in the early 20th century. One of the reasons for the relative lack of attention is the relative absence of monumental architecture that is so characteristic of the neighboring culture areas of Mesoamerica and the Andes areas and a long history of ethnocentric perceptions by Western scholars of what represented civilization and what did not. There are a large number of sites with impressive platform mounds, plazas, paved roads, stone sculpture, and artifacts made from jade, gold, and ceramic materials. These include Las Mercedes, Guayabo de Turrialba, Cutrís, and Cubujuquí in Costa Rica and Pueblito ( in Tayrona National Natural Park) and Ciudad Perdida in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Maria of Colombia. Research at sites such as Rivas, Costa Rica helps to document the configurations of large settlements in the centuries prior to the Spanish Conquest. Some of the best-known Isthmo-Colombian sculptures are the stone spheres of Costa Rica. Another area that has provided valuable archaeological information is the Gran Coclé region in Panama, largely coinciding with the modern-day Coclé Province. The Isthmo-Colombian Area was home to a wide variety of indigenous peoples. A large number of them were speakers of Chibchan languages. These include (but are not limited to) the Pech, the Rama, the Maleku, the Bribri, the Cabécar, the Guaymí, the Naso, the Kuna, the Kogi, the Motilon, the U'wa, and the Muisca. Isthmo-Colombian Area The Isthmo-Colombian Area is defined as a cultural area encompassing those territories occupied predominantly by speakers of the Chibchan languages at the time of European contact. It includes portions of the Central American isthmus like"
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"Carlos Valdez (baseball) Carlos Luis Lorenzo Valdez (born December 26, 1971 in Baní, Dominican Republic) is a former middle relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who played in part of two seasons for the San Francisco Giants () and Boston Red Sox (). He also played in Japan for the Kintetsu Buffaloes (). Listed at 5' 11\", 191 lb., he batted and threw right-handed. His older brother, Efrain Valdez, also pitched in the major leagues. In 15 relief appearances, Valdez had a 1-1 record with a 5.00 ERA without saves, giving up 10 runs on 20 hits and 13 walks while striking out 11 in 18.0 innings of work. Valdez also played in the Giants and Red Sox minor league systems (1991–98), posting a 35-37 mark with 4.07 ERA and 16 saves in 267 games. Carlos Valdez (baseball) Carlos Luis Lorenzo Valdez (born December 26, 1971 in Baní, Dominican Republic) is a former middle relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who played in part of two seasons for the San Francisco Giants () and Boston Red Sox (). He also played in Japan for the Kintetsu Buffaloes (). Listed at 5' 11\", 191 lb., he batted and threw right-handed. His"
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"Gryazovetsky District Gryazovetsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Mezhdurechensky District in the north, Soligalichsky and Buysky Districts of Kostroma Oblast in the east, Lyubimsky and Pervomaysky Districts of Yaroslavl Oblast in the south, Poshekhonsky District, also of Yaroslavl Oblast, in the southeast, and with Vologodsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Gryazovets. Population: 41,644 (2002 Census); The population of Gryazovets accounts for 42.2% of the district's total population. The district occupies the southern corner of Vologda Oblast. Most of the district's territory lies on the Gryazovets Plateau, which is cut through by rivers and is of glacial origin. The plateau lies on the divide between the drainage basins of the Sukhona and Volga Rivers, and thus on the divide between the basins of the Arctic Ocean and the Caspian Sea. The southern part of the district lies in the basin of the Obnora River, a tributary of the Kostroma River. Some areas in the southeast of the district are in the basin of various tributaries of the Kostroma as well. The geographical center of the district is situated in the basin of the Lezha River, a right tributary of the Sukhona, which has its source in Kostroma Oblast and crosses the district from south to north, forming its largest waterway. The biggest lake in the district, Lake Nikolskoye, is a source of the Komela River, a left tributary of the Lezha. Minor areas in the east of the district belong to the basins of the tributaries of the Sukhona, and minor areas in the northwest of the district are in the basin of the Vologda River, a right tributary of the Sukhona. In the 15th century, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. The area was attractive for monks, since it was at the time covered by unpopulated forests. A number of influential monasteries were founded within the current limits of the district, including the Pavlo-Obnorsky Monastery in the 15th century and the Korniliyevo-Komelsky Monastery. Gryazovets was first mentioned in 1538 as a settlement dependent on the Korniliyevo-Komelsky Monastery. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate. In 1780, the governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty. Simultaneously, in 1780, Gryazovets was chartered and became the seat of Gryazovetsky Uyezd. The viceroyalty was abolished in 1796, and its part which included Gryazovetsky Uyezd became Vologda Governorate. In 1924, the uyezd was abolished, and the area was included into Vologodsky Uyezd. On July 15, 1929, several governorates, including Vologda Governorate, were merged into Northern Krai, and the uyezds were abolished. Instead, Gryazovetsky District with the administrative center in the town of Gryazovets was established as a part of Vologda Okrug. In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1936, Northern Krai was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Gryazovetsky District remained in Vologda Oblast ever since. On January 25, 1935, Lezhsky District was established on the territory split off from Gryazovetsky District. The administrative center of the district became the \"selo\" of Sidorovo, and between 1938 and 1952 the administrative center was located in the settlement of Lezha. In 1959, the district was abolished and merged into Gryazovetsky District. As an administrative division, the district is divided into one town of district significance (Gryazovets), one urban-type settlement (Vokhtoga), and sixteen selsoviets. Within the framework of municipal divisions, most of the district is incorporated as Gryazovetsky Municipal District and is divided into two urban and five rural settlements. However, four rural localities of the administrative district are municipally incorporated elsewhere: two (the settlements of Ida and Kordon) are a part of Babushkinsky Municipal District, and the other two (the settlements of Gremyachy and Karitsa) are a part of Totemsky Municipal District. The economy of the district is based on timber industry. There is also food industry. The agriculture of the district is essentially limited to crop growing and cattle breeding, resulting and meat and milk production. One of the principal highways in Russia, M8, which connects Moscow and Arkhangelsk, crosses the district from south to north, passing Gryazovets. There are also local roads, with the bus traffic originating from Gryazovets. The railroad connecting Yaroslavl and Vologda crosses the district from south to north. Gryazovets is the main railroad station within the district. There is also another line, which connects Vologda in the north and Buy in the south, with the main station within the district being Vokhtoga. At Vokhtoga, another railroad branches off east, the Monza Railroad, built for timber transport and operated by the timber production authorities, which runs along the border of Vologda and Kostroma Oblasts. The Monza railroad crosses the district and enters Mezhdurechensky District, eventually continuing to the southeastern districts of Vologda Oblast. The plans to extend it further east to Nikolsk were never realized. The district contains four objects classified as cultural and historical heritage by Russian Federal law and additionally ninety objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance (fifty of them in Gryazovets). The objects protected at the federal level are the Intercession Church and the Bryanchaninov Estate, both located in the \"selo\" of Pokrovskoye, and the building of the secondary school in Gryazovets. Ignatius Bryanchaninov, who later became an Orthodox bishop and is now venerated as a saint by the Russian Orthodox Church, was born in Pokrovskoye. The center of the town of Gryazovets mainly preserved the historical buildings from the 19th century. The only museum in the district is the Gryazovets District Museum, located in Gryazovets. Gryazovetsky District Gryazovetsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the"
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"Bayada, Ma'ale Iron Bayada (, ) or Khirbet al-Baiyada (, ) is an Arab village in Israel's Haifa District. The village is in the Wadi Ara area of the northern Triangle, 4 kilometers northeast of Umm al-Fahm. Since 1996, it has been under the jurisdiction of the Ma'ale Iron local council. In mid-2016 the population of Bayada was 486, all of whom are Muslims. The vast majority of the residents are members of the Jabbarin clan (Who also live in nearby Salim and Musheirifa) and most of the residents work in construction and other related jobs. Bayada started as part of Musheirifa and later became a separate village. Bayada is the feminine form of the word white in Arabic. The village was so named because of the bright soil found in the area. Bayada is one of the smallest villages in the region and is located on a hill overlooking Wadi Ara. The village is located between the Umm al-Fahm mountain ridge and the Menashe Heights. The village was originally a neighborhood of Musheirifa During the 1948 Arab-Israeli War the village and the surrounding area came under Iraqi control. In March 1949 Jordanian forces replaced the Iraqi forces in Wadi Ara. On 3 April 1949 Israel and Jordan signed an armistice agreement, in which Israel would receive the Wadi Ara area and on 20 May Israeli forces took control of the village<br> Bayada is one of the villages of Wadi Ara that lacked municipal status after the establishment of Israel. and was under the administration of \"mukhtars\" (village headmen) who were appointed by the Interior Ministry until 1992 when the Interior Ministry established the Nahal Iron Regional council. The locals' objected to the administrative arrangement, and sought independent municipal status for each village. To allay local concerns, the Interior Ministry established an investigative committee to examine other options, and in 1996, decided to split the regional council into two local councils: Ma'ale Iron, which includes Bayada, and Basma. <nowiki>*</nowiki>In the 2008 census Bayada and Musheirifa were counted together and their population was 3,100 Bayada and nearby Musheirifa have a joint football team named \"Bnei Musheirifa Bayada\" () which participates in Liga Gimel Jezreel. The team hosts games in a football field located in Barkai. Bayada, Ma'ale Iron Bayada (, ) or Khirbet al-Baiyada (, ) is an Arab village in Israel's Haifa District. The village is in the Wadi Ara"
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"Kitzur Shulchan Aruch (book) The Kitzur Shulchan Aruch was published for the first time in 1864, the work is a summary of the Shulchan Aruch of Rabbi Joseph Caro, with references to later rabbinical commentaries. The book was written by Rabbi Shlomo Ganzfried, to be studied by the God-fearing Jews, who were not in a position to complete the study of the whole Shulchan Aruch, with its corresponding commentaries. The work was written in hebrew language, and it was easy to learn and understand. The Kitzur establishes what is allowed, and what is not allowed without ambiguity. Ganzfried was a hungarian Jew, and put the emphasis of his work on the customs of the hungarian Jews of his time. This work was written to be a popular text, and as such does not have the level of detail of the original Shulchan Aruch, although it normally follows its own internal structure. Ganzfried based his decisions on the opinions of three rabbinic authorities: Rabbis Yaakov Lorberbaum, Schneur Zalman of Liadi, the author of Shulchan Aruch HaRav, and Abraham Danzig, the author of Chayei Adam and Chochmat Adam. In cases of disagreement between them, Ganzfried adopted the majority view. Caro had already used a similar method to write the Shulchan Aruch in 1563, his rabbinic authorities of reference were the rabbis: Isaac Alfasi, Maimonides, and Asher ben Yechiel. The Kitzur became immensely popular after its publication for its simplicity, and is still a popular book in the orthodox rabbinic judaism, it is commonly used as a work of study. Within the rabbinical literature, there are other works that are precise and easy to understand by the common people, these works are summaries of the Shulchan Aruch, among them are included the following: Ben Ish Chai, Chayei Adam, and so on. The Kitzur is not used as a basis for making decisions of a legal nature, instead, the rabbis use the Shulchan Aruch, their comments and later works such as Kaf HaChaim or the Mishna Berura. Due to its popularity, this book is often printed with cross references of other halacha works, especially the Shulchan Aruch HaRav or the Mishna Berura, a popular edition contains notes by Rabbi Mordechai Eliyahu, entitled Darkeh Halacha, with cross-references of the sephardic rabbinical authorities. Many editions of the Kitzur, include an appendix with the laws pertaining to the Land of Israel, which were compiled by the \"Chazon Ish\" (Rabbi Avraham Yeshaya Karelitz). There is a commentary by Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Braun on this work. Ganzfried, however, stated that comments were not needed for this work, since it tried to summarize the Halacha, as far as possible, and that these comments should be included in the original Shulchan Aruch, and not in the Kitzur. Currently, the Mishna Berura has practically supplanted the other works such as the Chayei Adam and the Aruch HaShulchan, as the primary authority in everything related to the daily life of the ashkenazi Jews. The \"Kitzur Shulchan Aruch Yomi\", is a daily learning program, where the study of this work is completed in one year. The pace of study of this work, does not follow an established order, instead of this, it is ordered so that the student studies the laws referring to the Jewish festivities, during the weeks prior to each celebration. The student can start learning at any time of the year, and complete the study cycle during the course of a year. The program is very popular, because it only requires between five and ten minutes of study each day. There are many resources on the Internet. The Kitzur Shulchan Aruch has been translated into english on several occasions. The translation of Hyman E. Goldin was published in 1961, with the intention of improving the previous translations of the work, and making it more understandable, both for academics, as for the common people. During the 80s and 90s of the 20th century, two modernized translations of the work were published, which included cross references similar to those that appeared in the modern hebrew version: in 1987, \"Metsudah Publications\" published a translation by Rabbi Avrohom Davis, and in 1991, \"Moznaim Publishing\", published a translation by Rabbi Eliyahu Touger. The Artscroll translation of the year 2011, was made under the editorial supervision of Rabbi Eliyahu Klugman, it included comparisons with the Mishna Berura, and with the Igrot Moshe of Rabbi Moshe Feinstein. Currently there are several translations available online. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch (book) The Kitzur Shulchan Aruch was published for the first time in 1864, the work is a summary of the Shulchan Aruch of Rabbi Joseph Caro, with references to later rabbinical commentaries. The book was written by Rabbi Shlomo Ganzfried, to be studied by the God-fearing Jews, who were not in a position to complete the study of the whole Shulchan"
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"Arina Rodionova Arina Ivanovna Rodionova (; born 15 December 1989 in Tambov) is a Russian-born Australian tennis player. Rodionova has won nine singles and 29 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. In 2007, she won the Australian Open girls' doubles title, partnering Evgeniya Rodina. On 23 October 2017, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 116. On 27 July 2015, she peaked at No. 41 in the doubles rankings. Elder sister Anastasia is also a tennis professional, and the two sisters have intermittently contested doubles tournaments with modest success. Their most notable achievement as a team came at the 2010 Malaysian Open, in which they reached the final before losing to Chan Yung-jan and Zheng Jie in a super tie-break. Arina Rodionova was born to Ivan and Natalia Rodionova and lives in Melbourne with her sister Anastasia. She began playing tennis aged three, \"I began playing tennis when I was almost three years old. And why exactly tennis? There wasn't any choice for me with my dad being a coach and my sister a professional tennis player, but in the end I think it's worked well!\" Rodionova cites Martina Hingis as her role model, and also admires Justine Henin and Bob and Mike Bryan. She prefers hard courts and forehand as a shot. Rodionova received Australian citizenship in January 2014 and married Australian rules footballer Ty Vickery in December 2015. Rodionova made her debut as a professional in 2004 at an ITF event in Protvino, Russia. In 2005, she won a title in Minsk, followed by another win in Moscow the following year. In 2008, she finished as a runner-up in an ITF event in Istanbul. In 2009, Rodionova won two ITF titles in singles and eight in doubles. In 2010, Rodionova defeated Jarmila Groth in the final of a $25,000 tournament in Burnie. In doubles, she advanced to the final of the WTA-level Malaysian Open with her sister Anastasia. Although they defeated No. 1 seeds Alisa Kleybanova and Yan Zi along the way, the sisters lost the final match to Chan Yung-jan and Zheng Jie in close three sets. At the 2011 Australian Open, Rodionova equalled her career-best showing at a Grand Slam tournament by qualifying for the main draw. She lost in the first round to fellow qualifier Anne Keothavong, 5–7, 4–6. She then won a $50,000 event in May in Prague, partnering Darya Kustova. She qualified for the Aegon Classic, and won her first-round match against Virginie Razzano. She then notched the biggest win of her career by defeating No. 1 seed and world No. 16 Kaia Kanepi in the second round. She lost to the 14th seed Magdaléna Rybáriková in the third round. At Wimbledon, Rodionova barely missed out on qualifying for the main draw by losing to Kristýna Plíšková in three sets. She achieved very modest results through much of the rest of the year, losing in the first or second round of most tournaments she entered. In 2012, Rodionova lost in the qualifying rounds of the Apia International Sydney and the Australian Open. She then lost in the quarterfinals of a $25,000 event in Burnie. She then competed in two more ITF events – losing in the second and first round, respectively. She picked up form in ITF Mildura, reaching the semifinals. Rodionova then competed in three more tournaments, losing in the second round of all three. She then failed to qualify in Copenhagen. Her best result of the year came at the WTA clay event Grand Prix SAR La Princesse Lalla Meryem. She defeated Darija Jurak, Karolína Plíšková, and world No. 108 Mathilde Johansson to qualify for the main draw. Each match lasted three sets. She took on Timea Bacsinszky in the first round, started well by winning the first set 6–2, but was forced to retire due a severe wrist injury she sustained while trailing 0–4 in the second set. She was also forced to withdraw from the doubles competition, where she and Anastasia were the No. 1 seeds. She missed a big part of the clay-court season to recover from the injury. Rodionova returned in July; she was only able to make it past the first round in one of five ITF tournaments. However, she had a great result in Las Vegas, where she reached the semifinals. Following three more early exits in tournaments, she reached the final of a $25,000 event in Traralgon, and followed this up by winning her next tournament in Bendigo. She finished the year with two more early-round losses in Toyota and Dubai. In 2011, Rodionova was drafted by the Washington Kastles WTT Team, coached by Murphy Jensen. As a result of their 14-match win undefeated regular season, the Kastles secured the top seed in the Conference Championships where they beat the Boston Lobsters. In the WTT Finals the Kastles defeated the St. Louis Aces to capture the 2011 WTT Championship for the second time in its four-year existence, completing the first ever 16–0 season in WTT 36-year history. Rodionova was named Female Rookie of the Year just prior to the Conference Championship match and later WTT Finals MVP. Arina Rodionova Arina Ivanovna Rodionova (; born 15 December 1989 in Tambov) is a Russian-born Australian tennis player. Rodionova has won nine singles and 29 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. In 2007, she won the Australian Open girls' doubles title, partnering Evgeniya"
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"TNT (Tanya Tucker album) TNT is the ninth album by Tanya Tucker. Working with a new producer in Jerry Goldstein, Tucker drifts away from her earlier country style to do a much more rock-based effort. She covers well-known rock songs originally performed by such artists as Buddy Holly (\"Not Fade Away\"), Elvis Presley (\"Heartbreak Hotel\"), and Chuck Berry (\"Brown Eyed Handsome Man\"). Tucker also covers John Prine's \"Angel from Montgomery\". The album was Tucker's second-highest ranked ever on the Billboard Country charts at #2, and even reached #54 in the Pop category. Released singles and their Billboard positions were: \"Texas (When I Die)\" at #5, \"Not Fade Away\" at #70, and \"I'm the Singer, You're the Song\" at #18. While not necessarily embraced by the country music establishment, the album garnered critical and commercial success. It was certified Gold by the RIAA and earned her a Grammy nomination for Best Rock Vocal Performance, Female. TNT (Tanya Tucker album) TNT is the ninth album by Tanya Tucker. Working with a new producer in Jerry Goldstein, Tucker drifts away from her earlier country style to do a much more rock-based effort. She covers well-known rock songs originally performed by such artists as"
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"Timothy Joseph Horan Timothy Joseph Horan (1912–1975) was an Irish diplomat. Horan was educated at University College Cork. In 1938 he entered the Department of External Affairs as Third Secretary. From 1942 to 1945 he was Consul in New York City. From 1945 to 1946 he served as Acting Head of Consular Section of the Department of External Affairs. Between 1946 and 1949 he held posts in Europe, serving as First Secretary of the legation in Madrid, then in Paris. In 1949 he returned to the Department of External Affairs in Ireland, serving as Counsellor, then from 1952 as Chief of Protocol. In 1955 he was appointed Minister in Buenos Aires, Argentina, later promoted to Assistant Secretary in 1959. The following year he returned to Europe as Minister in Bern, Switzerland, before in 1962 being made Irish Ambassador to Spain, a post he held for five years. In 1967 he was appointed Ambassador to Sweden, concurrently accredited to Finland. From 1973 until his death in 1975 he was Permanent Representative to the United Nations Office at Geneva. Timothy Joseph Horan Timothy Joseph Horan (1912–1975) was an Irish diplomat. Horan was educated at University College Cork. In 1938 he entered the"
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"Tom Shull Tom Shull is an American businessman and Director/CEO of the Army & Air Force Exchange Service (Exchange), No. 61 on the National Retail Federation's STORE magazine's Top 100 Retailers list. Shull joined the Exchange in 2012 as the first civilian to lead the Department of Defense's oldest and largest retailer. He also serves on the Exchange's Board of Directors. Shull was born at Fitzsimmons Army Hospital in Aurora, Colo., while his father was on joint assignment at Peterson Air Force Base. His father served for 30 years in the United States Army and spent more than 40 months in combat. Shull is a graduate of Heidelberg High School in Heidelberg, Germany. He earned a bachelor of science from the United States Military Academy in West Point, N.Y., where he was among the top 1 percent in leadership. Shull’s military schooling included Ranger and Airborne Schools. He holds a master of business administration from Harvard Business School, where he graduated with honors. During his time in the Army, Shull served as Rifle Platoon Leader, Scout Platoon Leader, Support Platoon Leader, Company Executive Officer and Infantry Company Commander. He had numerous line and staff assignments, including serving as assistant professor at the U.S. Military Academy and commander of a Mechanized Infantry Company. Shull’s company was ranked No. 1 in combat readiness out of more than 30 others in the 4th Infantry Division. Shull earned several honors, including the Meritorious Service Medal, Expert Infantryman’s Badge, Ranger Tab and Airborne Wings. In 1981, Shull was named to the 17th class of White House Fellows and served in the Office of the Chief of Staff. During his last active-duty assignment, then-Major Shull served as Military Assistant to Robert “Bud” McFarlane, Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs. During his time at the White House, Shull led a major re-evaluation and revision of White House management systems. He also conducted a comprehensive review of the National Security Council, was a Term Member of the Council on Foreign Relations and helped coordinate National Security Council low-intensity conflict policy initiatives. Shull represented the White House in helping to oversee the construction and dedication of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. He earned the Defense Superior Service Medal. Shull began his retail career in 1985 at Sanger-Harris, formed by Federated Department Stores, in Dallas, Texas, where he led business planning, training and recruiting. He served as Divisional Merchandise Manager of $20 million hard good businesses for the prominent regional 22-store chain. From 1986 to 1990, Shull served as senior consultant at McKinsey & Co., where he directed defense/aerospace and retail client engagements to reduce costs and increase market share. In 1990, Shull co-founded Meridian Ventures and served as CEO until 2012. He served clients including Federated Department Stores, Louis Vuitton Moet Hennessy, Mobil Corp., Tecstar Corp. and Spiegel Brands as senior adviser and assumed senior executive roles to identify acquisitions, raise equity capital and implement turnarounds. From 1992 to 1994, Shull served at Macy’s. He was a key leader in creating $2 billion of value in two years as a senior vice president of strategic planning, group senior vice president and then executive vice president. He developed a restructuring plan and served as principal negotiator in Macy’s exit from bankruptcy. Shull joined Barneys New York in 1997. He was Barneys first non-family member CEO and led the company out of bankruptcy. Under his leadership, Barneys realized earnings improvements of 6 percentage points in 20 months. From 2000 to 2004, Shull served as president and chief executive of Hanover Direct. At Hanover, profitability improved by more than $45 million on a $460 million sales base as he repositioned the company’s e-commerce business and increased sales from $20 million to more than $125 million. Shull led efforts to save brands such as The Company Store, Gump’s and Improvements. In 2004, Shull joined Wise Foods as chairman and chief executive officer. He increased earnings by 10 percentage points and positioned the company for sale after a successful turnaround. He served until 2008. Shull was elected to the Zale Corporation Board of Directors from 2004 to 2010, serving on the Compensation Committee and as Chairman of the Audit Committee for three years. As Audit Committee Chair, he successfully resolved two SEC investigations and led improvements in governance and accounting practices through early adoption of Sarbanes-Oxley requirements. In 2009, the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York named Shull the chief restructuring officer of Fred Leighton Jewelers. In 2012, Shull was named the Director/CEO of the Army & Air Force Exchange Service, becoming the first civilian to lead the Department of Defense retailer. Shull’s business acumen and passion for taking care of military families have been the foundation to keeping the Exchange benefit thriving for America’s Warfighters and their families. When he came aboard, Shull applied private-sector best practices to the Exchange and focused on growth initiatives such as intensifying national brands, growing concessions and its convenience stores, transforming the online experience. The Exchange is a nonappropriated fund entity of the Department of Defense operating more than 3,000 retail facilities in over 30 countries. Like commercial retailers, the Exchange is reliant on the sale of products and services to fund its operations and generate a profit. In 2015, the Exchange achieved more than $400 million in earnings, despite military personnel downsizing of 13 percent since 2011. This performance represents an increase of three percentage points in terms of profitability, and is on par with or exceeds that of Walmart and Target. Record operating earnings in 2015 allowed the Exchange to distribute $237.2 million in dividends to military Quality-of-Life Programs, including Army child development and fitness centers, youth services and libraries, Air Force Outdoor Recreation programs and more. Each year, the Exchange distributes two-thirds of its earnings to these programs. In 2016, Shull became the longest-serving leader of the Exchange. Under Shull's leadership, the Exchange has more closely aligned itself with private-sector competitors by tightening cost controls, reducing its number of employees, and introducing top brands such as Disney and Michael Kors. The Exchange has also improved its E-commerce operation at ShopMyExchange.com, establishing shipping centers inside brick-and-mortar stores to reduce shipping costs and increase delivery speeds. In 2017, the Exchange continued to perform well, reporting $376 million in earnings, $219 million of which was reinvested into installation Quality-of-Life programs. Shull is a former member of the Board of Trustees of the Association of Graduates of the United States Military Academy at West Point. He also helped lead the first major Capital Campaign in USMA history. Shull is former Chairman and member of the Board of Directors, Deafness Research Foundation, the largest private charity for funding research in the causes and treatment of hearing loss. Shull is a lifelong advocate for veterans' issues. While serving as a White House Fellow assigned to the White House, Shull was chosen to be an intermediary during the creation of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, helping to ensure compromises were reached to facilitate the construction and dedication of the memorial. In a Harvard Business School Bulletin article \"Making Peace,\" Jack Wheeler (a driving force in getting the Memorial built on the National Mall) said, \"There would have been no memorial without Tom Shull. Period.\" Once Shull came to the Exchange, he began planning for a way to recognize and honor all honorably discharged veterans for their service. In a 2014",
"Research Foundation, the largest private charity for funding research in the causes and treatment of hearing loss. Shull is a lifelong advocate for veterans' issues. While serving as a White House Fellow assigned to the White House, Shull was chosen to be an intermediary during the creation of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, helping to ensure compromises were reached to facilitate the construction and dedication of the memorial. In a Harvard Business School Bulletin article \"Making Peace,\" Jack Wheeler (a driving force in getting the Memorial built on the National Mall) said, \"There would have been no memorial without Tom Shull. Period.\" Once Shull came to the Exchange, he began planning for a way to recognize and honor all honorably discharged veterans for their service. In a 2014 memo to the Undersecretary of Defense, Shull proposed allowing all honorably discharged veterans to shop the exchanges online as a modest recognition of their service, especially since the vast majority of veterans who served honorably do not meet the 20-year criteria or certified 100% disabled by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs to retain exchange benefits. The Veterans online shopping benefit represents a low-risk, low-cost opportunity to strengthen funding of Morale, Welfare and Recreation programs in support of service members’ and their families’ Quality of Life. On Jan. 11, 2017, after years of coordination with the Exchange, Departments of Defense, Army and Air Force as well as several other federal agencies, Shull received word that a change to DoD policy would extend limited online exchange privileges to all honorably discharged veterans starting Nov. 11, 2017—Veterans Day. Congressional oversight committees were notified as well and had 30 days to comment. No comments were provided, and the Veterans online shopping benefit—the first new benefit for Veterans since 1953—began on Veterans Day 2017. The Veterans online shopping benefit allows approximately 18.5 million veterans to shop online at military exchanges. The initiative is projected to add approximately $200 million in sales to the Exchange's annual revenue within three years, making the Exchange more competitive with private-sector competitors such as Amazon.com and offsetting a 13 percent decline in the number of active-duty Soldiers and Airmen since 2011. Mr. Shull's awards and decorations include: Shull and his wife, Dorothy, reside in Dallas, TX. They have three children. Shull is a former Elder in the Presbyterian Church. Tom Shull Tom Shull is an"
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"Nazi book burnings The Nazi book burnings were a campaign conducted by the German Student Union (the \"DSt\") to ceremonially burn books in Nazi Germany and Austria in the 1930s. The books targeted for burning were those viewed as being subversive or as representing ideologies opposed to Nazism. These included books written by Jewish, pacifist, religious, classical liberal, anarchist, socialist, and communist authors, among others. The first books burned were those of Karl Marx and Karl Kautsky. On April 8, 1933, the Main Office for Press and Propaganda of the German Student Union proclaimed a nationwide \"Action against the Un-German Spirit\", which was to climax in a literary purge or \"cleansing\" (\"Säuberung\") by fire. According to historian Karl Dietrich Bracher: [T]he exclusion of \"Left\", democratic, and Jewish literature took precedence over everything else. The black-lists ... ranged from Bebel, Bernstein, Preuss, and Rathenau through Einstein, Freud, Brecht, Brod, Döblin, Kaiser, the Mann brothers, Zweig, Plievier, Ossietzky, Remarque, Schnitzler, and Tucholsky, to Barlach, Bergengruen, Broch, Hoffmannsthal, Kästner, Kasack, Kesten, Kraus, Lasker-Schüler, Unruh, Werfel, Zuckmayer, and Hesse. The catalogue went back far enough to include literature from Heine and Marx to Kafka. Local chapters were to supply the press with releases and commissioned articles, sponsor well-known Nazi figures to speak at public gatherings, and negotiate for radio broadcast time. On the same day the Student Union published the \"Twelve Theses\", a title chosen to be evocative of two events in German history: This was, however, a false comparison, as the \"book burnings\" at those historic events were not acts of censorship, nor destructive of other people's property, but purely symbolic protests, destroying only one individual document of each title, for a grand total of 12 individual documents, without any attempt to suppress their content, whereas the Student Union burned tens of thousands of volumes, all they could find from a list comprising around 4000 titles. The \"Twelve Theses\" called for a \"pure\" national language and culture. Placards publicized the theses, which attacked \"Jewish intellectualism\", asserted the need to \"purify\" German language and literature, and demanded that universities be centres of German nationalism. The students described the \"action\" as a response to a worldwide Jewish \"smear campaign\" against Germany and an affirmation of traditional German values. On 6 May 1933, the German Student Union made an organised attack on Magnus Hirschfeld's Institute of Sex Research. Its library and archives of around 20,000 books and journals were publicly hauled out. On 10 May 1933, the students burned upwards of 25,000 volumes of \"un-German\" books in the square at the State Opera, Berlin, thereby presaging an era of uncompromising state censorship. In many other university towns, nationalist students marched in torch lit parades against the \"un-German\" spirit. The scripted rituals of this night called for high Nazi officials, professors, rectors, and student leaders to address the participants and spectators. At the meeting places, students threw the pillaged, banned books into the bonfires with a great joyous ceremony that included live music, singing, \"fire oaths,\" and incantations. In Berlin, some 40,000 people heard Joseph Goebbels deliver a fiery address: \"No to decadence and moral corruption!\" Goebbels enjoined the crowd. \"Yes to decency and morality in family and state! I consign to the flames the writings of Heinrich Mann, Ernst Glaeser, Erich Kästner.\" Not all book burnings took place on 10 May as the German Student Union had planned. Some were postponed a few days because of rain. Others, based on local chapter preference, took place on 21 June, the summer solstice, a traditional date of celebration. Nonetheless, in 34 university towns across Germany the \"Action against the Un-German Spirit\" was a success, enlisting widespread newspaper coverage. And in some places, notably Berlin, radio broadcasts brought the speeches, songs, and ceremonial incantations \"live\" to countless German listeners. All of the following types of literature, as described by the Nazis, were to be banned: Many German students were complicit in the Nazi book burning campaign. They were known as Deutsche Studentenschaft, and when they ran out of books in their own libraries they turned to independent bookstores. Libraries were also asked to stock their shelves with material that stood up to Hitler's standards, and destroy anything that did not. The blind writer Helen Keller published an \"Open Letter to German Students:\" 'You may burn my books and the books of the best minds in Europe, but the ideas those books contain have passed through millions of channels and will go on.'\" Among the German-speaking authors whose books student leaders burned that night were Vicki Baum, Walter Benjamin, Ernst Bloch, Bertolt Brecht, Max Brod, Otto Dix, Alfred Döblin, Albert Einstein, Friedrich Engels, Lion Feuchtwanger, Marieluise Fleißer, Leonhard Frank, Sigmund Freud, Iwan Goll, George Grosz, Jaroslav Hašek, Werner Hegemann, Heinrich Heine, Hermann Hesse, Magnus Hirschfeld, Ödön von Horvath, Heinrich Eduard Jacob, Franz Kafka, Georg Kaiser, Erich Kästner, Alfred Kerr, Egon Kisch, Siegfried Kracauer, Karl Kraus, Theodor Lessing, Alexander Lernet-Holenia, Karl Liebknecht, Georg Lukács, Rosa Luxemburg, Heinrich Mann, Klaus Mann, Ludwig Marcuse, Karl Marx, Robert Musil, Carl von Ossietzky, Erwin Piscator, Alfred Polgar, Gertrud von Puttkamer, Erich Maria Remarque, Ludwig Renn, Joachim Ringelnatz, Joseph Roth, Nelly Sachs, Felix Salten, Anna Seghers, Arthur Schnitzler, Carl Sternheim, Bertha von Suttner, Ernst Toller, Kurt Tucholsky, Jakob Wassermann, Frank Wedekind, Franz Werfel, Grete Weiskopf, Arnold Zweig and Stefan Zweig. Not only German-speaking authors were burned, but also French authors like Henri Barbusse, André Gide, Victor Hugo and Romain Rolland, American writers such as John Dos Passos, Theodore Dreiser, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, Helen Keller, Jack London and Upton Sinclair as well as English authors Joseph Conrad, Radclyffe Hall, Aldous Huxley, D.H. Lawrence and H.G. Wells, Irish writers James Joyce and Oscar Wilde and Russian authors including Isaac Babel, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Ilya Ehrenburg, Maxim Gorki, Vladimir Lenin, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Vladimir Nabokov, Leo Tolstoy and Leon Trotsky. The burning of the books represents a culmination of the persecution of those authors whose oral or written opinions were opposed to Nazi ideology. Many artists, writers and scientists were banned from working and publication. Their works could no longer be found in libraries or in the curricula of schools or universities. Some of them were driven to exile (like Walter Mehring and Arnold Zweig); others were deprived of their citizenship (for example Ernst Toller and Kurt Tucholsky) or forced into a self-imposed exile from society (e.g. Erich Kästner). For other writers the Nazi persecutions ended in death. Some of them died in concentration camps, due to the consequences of the conditions of imprisonment, or were executed (like Carl von Ossietzky, Erich Mühsam, Gertrud Kolmar, Jakob van Hoddis, Paul Kornfeld, Arno Nadel, Georg Hermann, Theodor Wolff, Adam Kuckhoff, and Rudolf Hilferding). Exiled authors despaired and committed suicide, for example: Walter Hasenclever, Ernst Weiss, Carl Einstein, Walter Benjamin, Ernst Toller, and Stefan Zweig. Heinrich Heine wrote in his 1820-1821 play \"Almansor\" the famous admonition, \"\"Dort, wo man Bücher verbrennt, verbrennt man am Ende auch Menschen\"\": \"Where they burn books, they will in the end also burn people.\" In 1946, the Allied occupation authorities drew up a list of over 30,000 titles, ranging from school books to poetry and including works by such authors as von Clausewitz. Millions of copies of these books were confiscated and destroyed.",
"or were executed (like Carl von Ossietzky, Erich Mühsam, Gertrud Kolmar, Jakob van Hoddis, Paul Kornfeld, Arno Nadel, Georg Hermann, Theodor Wolff, Adam Kuckhoff, and Rudolf Hilferding). Exiled authors despaired and committed suicide, for example: Walter Hasenclever, Ernst Weiss, Carl Einstein, Walter Benjamin, Ernst Toller, and Stefan Zweig. Heinrich Heine wrote in his 1820-1821 play \"Almansor\" the famous admonition, \"\"Dort, wo man Bücher verbrennt, verbrennt man am Ende auch Menschen\"\": \"Where they burn books, they will in the end also burn people.\" In 1946, the Allied occupation authorities drew up a list of over 30,000 titles, ranging from school books to poetry and including works by such authors as von Clausewitz. Millions of copies of these books were confiscated and destroyed. The representative of the Military Directorate admitted that the order in principle was no different from the Nazi book burnings. Artworks were under the same censorship as other media; all collections of works of art related or dedicated to the perpetuation of German militarism or Nazism will be closed permanently and taken into custody. The directives were very broadly interpreted, leading to the destruction of thousands of paintings and thousands more were shipped to deposits in the U.S. Those confiscated paintings still surviving in U.S. custody include, for example, a painting \"depicting a couple of middle aged women talking in a sunlit street in a small town\". \"Fighting the Fires of Hate: America and the Nazi Book Burnings\" is a traveling exhibition produced by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Through historical photographs, documents, and films, it explores how the book burnings became a potent symbol in America's battle against Nazism and why they continue to resonate with the public—in film, literature, and political discourse—to this day. In 2014, the exhibition was displayed in West Fargo, North Dakota; Dallas, Texas; and Missoula, Montana. When Books Went to War (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt), by Molly Guptill Manning, details the 1933 Berlin book burnings and tells the story of how America responded by printing hundreds of millions of books for Americans serving in World War II. Notes Bibliography Nazi book burnings The Nazi book burnings were a campaign conducted by the German Student Union (the \"DSt\") to ceremonially burn books in Nazi Germany and Austria in the 1930s. The books targeted for burning were those viewed as being subversive or as representing ideologies opposed to Nazism. These included books written by Jewish, pacifist, religious, classical liberal, anarchist, socialist, and communist authors, among others. The first books burned"
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"Chakrapani Chalise Chakrapani Chalise () is a Nepalese poet. He wrote the words of the first national anthem of Nepal in 1924 AD to the music composed by Bakhat Bahadur Budhapirthi in 1899 AD (grandfather of musician Louis Banks or Dambar Bahadur Budaprithi). The musical part of anthem was created during Prime Minister Bir Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana's era. Later the Nepali Language Publications Committee was ordered to write words for the anthem. Chakrapani being assistant to Superintendent of the Committee, did wrote the words for the anthem. Chakrapani is considered as the poet who connected two different eras in Nepali literature. Motiram Bhatta's romanticistic era was connected to Lekhnath Paudyal's era by Pandit Chakrapani. Later, a commemorative stamp of Nepali Rupees 4.5 was issued for his contribution to Nepali literature. His 133rd birth anniversary was celebrated by prize distribution and literary programme at Katunje, Bhaktapur by Chakrapani Smarak Samiti (a memorial committee). Chakrapani Chalise was born on 1940 B.S. (1883 A.D.) at Katunje, Bhaktapur district in a Chalise Brahmin family to father Premlal Chalise and mother. His mother died while he was young and he left to mother's maternal home after ill treatment by step mother. He married aged 12 to Gayatri Devi. His main published works are: Chakrapani Chalise Chakrapani Chalise () is a Nepalese poet. He wrote the words of the first national anthem of Nepal in 1924 AD to the music composed by Bakhat Bahadur Budhapirthi in 1899 AD (grandfather of musician Louis Banks or Dambar Bahadur Budaprithi). The musical part of anthem was created during Prime Minister Bir Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana's era. Later the Nepali Language Publications Committee was ordered to write words for the anthem. Chakrapani being assistant to Superintendent of the Committee, did wrote the words for the anthem. Chakrapani is considered"
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"Basic Education High School No. 2 Sanchaung Basic Education High School No. 2 Sanchaung (; abbreviated to အ.ထ.က. (၂) စမ်းချောင်း; formerly, St. Philomena's High School; commonly known as Sanchaung 2 High School), located in Sanchaung township, is a public high school in Yangon. The mostly-girls school offers classes from kindergarten to Tenth Standard (or Grade 1 through Grade 11 in the new nomenclature). The school's main colonial era building, in its 13-acre (5.26 hectare) campus, is a landmark protected by the city, and is listed on the Yangon City Heritage List. The school produced the top ranked students in 2009, 2010, 2013, 2014 at national college matriculation examinations. Basic Education High School No. 2 Sanchaung Basic Education High School No. 2 Sanchaung (; abbreviated to အ.ထ.က. (၂) စမ်းချောင်း; formerly, St. Philomena's High School; commonly known as Sanchaung 2 High School), located in Sanchaung township, is a public high school in Yangon. The mostly-girls school offers classes from kindergarten to Tenth Standard (or Grade 1 through Grade 11 in the new nomenclature). The school's main colonial era building, in its 13-acre (5.26 hectare) campus, is a landmark protected by the city, and is listed on the Yangon City Heritage List. The"
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"Gijs de Vries Gijs M. de Vries (born 22 February 1956 in New York City) is a Dutch Democrats 66 (D66) politician. He was deputy Interior Minister between 1998 and 2002, and was the European Union's anti-terrorism co-ordinator from 25 March 2004 to March 2007. As of September 2008, he was the chairman of the European Security Research and Innovation Forum (ESRIF). From 1984 to 1998, Gijs de Vries was a member of the European Parliament for three consecutive terms. From 1994 to 1998, he was chairman of the group of the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party. He quit the European Parliament to become state secretary of the interior in the Dutch government Kok II. As the EU anti-terrorism coordinator, he worked for Javier Solana in the Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters (PJCCM) pillar. Solana outlined his duties as being to streamline, organise and co-ordinate the EU and its members fight against terrorism. He stood down from the post in March 2007, citing personal reasons, but it is commonly understood that the position's mandate didn't have the necessary operational powers, as well as an overall reluctance within member states to supply information regarding anti-terror activities, even though the member states fully supported the establishment of the anti-terrorism coordinator after the 2004 Madrid train bombings. In September 2007, MEPs called for the post to be filled, having been vacant for six months, and for it to be given real powers to carry out the post's tasks. On 20 September 2007, the Belgian Gilles de Kerchove was appointed to succeed De Vries in the post. Prior to 2010 he had been a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). However, due to dissatisfaction at the VVD's decision to form a minority government with the support of the Party for Freedom led by Geert Wilders he left the party and joined the social liberal Democrats 66. Gijs de Vries Gijs M. de Vries (born 22 February 1956 in New York City) is a Dutch Democrats 66 (D66) politician. He was deputy Interior Minister between 1998 and 2002, and was the European Union's anti-terrorism co-ordinator from 25 March 2004 to March 2007. As of September 2008, he was the chairman of the European Security Research and Innovation Forum (ESRIF). From 1984 to 1998, Gijs de Vries was a member of the European Parliament for three consecutive terms. From"
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"Slowsort Slowsort is a sorting algorithm. It is of humorous nature and not useful. It's based on the principle of \"multiply and surrender\", a tongue-in-cheek joke of divide and conquer. It was published in 1986 by Andrei Broder and Jorge Stolfi in their paper \"Pessimal Algorithms and Simplexity Analysis\" (a parody of optimal algorithms and complexity analysis). Slowsort is a recursive algorithm. It finds the maximum of the sorted array, places that maximum at the end and sorts the remaining array recursively. An in-place implementation in pseudo code: An implementation in Haskell (purely functional) may look as follows. The runtime formula_1 for Slowsort is formula_2. A lower asymptotic bound for formula_1 in Landau notation is formula_4 for any formula_5. Slowsort is therefore not in polynomial time. Even the best case is worse than Bubble sort. Slowsort Slowsort is a sorting algorithm. It is of humorous nature and not useful. It's based on the principle of \"multiply and surrender\", a tongue-in-cheek joke of divide and conquer. It was published in 1986 by Andrei Broder and Jorge Stolfi in their paper \"Pessimal Algorithms and Simplexity Analysis\" (a parody of optimal algorithms and complexity analysis). Slowsort is a recursive algorithm. It finds the"
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"Sustainable transport Sustainable transport refers to the broad subject of transport that is sustainable in the senses of social, environmental and climate impacts and the ability to, in the global scope, supply the source energy indefinitely. Components for evaluating sustainability include the particular vehicles used for road, water or air transport; the source of energy; and the infrastructure used to accommodate the transport (roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals and terminals). Transport operations and logistics as well as transit-oriented development are also involved in evaluation. Transportation sustainability is largely being measured by transportation system effectiveness and efficiency as well as the environmental and climate impacts of the system. Short-term activity often promotes incremental improvement in fuel efficiency and vehicle emissions controls while long-term goals include migrating transportation from fossil-based energy to other alternatives such as renewable energy and use of other renewable resources. The entire life cycle of transport systems is subject to sustainability measurement and optimization. Sustainable transport systems make a positive contribution to the environmental, social and economic sustainability of the communities they serve. Transport systems exist to provide social and economic connections, and people quickly take up the opportunities offered by increased mobility, with poor households benefiting greatly from low carbon transport options. The advantages of increased mobility need to be weighed against the environmental, social and economic costs that transport systems pose. Transport systems have significant impacts on the environment, accounting for between 20% and 25% of world energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. The majority of the emissions, almost 97%, came from direct burning of fossil fuels. Greenhouse gas emissions from transport are increasing at a faster rate than any other energy using sector. Road transport is also a major contributor to local air pollution and smog. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) estimates that each year 2.4 million premature deaths from outdoor air pollution could be avoided. Particularly hazardous for health are emissions of black carbon, a component of particulate matter, which is a known cause of respiratory and carcinogenic diseases and a significant contributor to global climate change. The links between greenhouse gas emissions and particulate matter make low carbon transport an increasingly sustainable investment at local level—both by reducing emission levels and thus mitigating climate change; and by improving public health through better air quality. The social costs of transport include road crashes, air pollution, physical inactivity, time taken away from the family while commuting and vulnerability to fuel price increases. Many of these negative impacts fall disproportionately on those social groups who are also least likely to own and drive cars. Traffic congestion imposes economic costs by wasting people's time and by slowing the delivery of goods and services. Traditional transport planning aims to improve mobility, especially for vehicles, and may fail to adequately consider wider impacts. But the real purpose of transport is access – to work, education, goods and services, friends and family – and there are proven techniques to improve access while simultaneously reducing environmental and social impacts, and managing traffic congestion. Communities which are successfully improving the sustainability of their transport networks are doing so as part of a wider programme of creating more vibrant, livable, sustainable cities. The term sustainable transport came into use as a logical follow-on from sustainable development, and is used to describe modes of transport, and systems of transport planning, which are consistent with wider concerns of sustainability. There are many definitions of the sustainable transport, and of the related terms sustainable transportation and sustainable mobility. One such definition, from the European Union Council of Ministers of Transport, defines a sustainable transportation system as one that: Sustainability extends beyond just the operating efficiency and emissions. A life-cycle assessment involves production, use and post-use considerations. A cradle-to-cradle design is more important than a focus on a single factor such as energy efficiency. Most of the tools and concepts of sustainable transport were developed before the phrase was coined. Walking, the first mode of transport, is also the most sustainable. Public transport dates back at least as far as the invention of the public bus by Blaise Pascal in 1662. The first passenger tram began operation in 1807 and the first passenger rail service in 1825. Pedal bicycles date from the 1860s. These were the only personal transport choices available to most people in Western countries prior to World War II, and remain the only options for most people in the developing world. Freight was moved by human power, animal power or rail. The post-war years brought increased wealth and a demand for much greater mobility for people and goods. The number of road vehicles in Britain increased fivefold between 1950 and 1979, with similar trends in other Western nations. Most affluent countries and cities invested heavily in bigger and better-designed roads and motorways, which were considered essential to underpin growth and prosperity. Transport planning became a branch of Urban Planning and identified induced demand as a pivotal change from \"predict and provide\" toward a sustainable approach incorporating land use planning and public transit. Public investment in transit, walking and cycling declined dramatically in the United States, Great Britain and Australia, although this did not occur to the same extent in Canada or mainland Europe. Concerns about the sustainability of this approach became widespread during the 1973 oil crisis and the 1979 energy crisis. The high cost and limited availability of fuel led to a resurgence of interest in alternatives to single occupancy vehicle travel. Transport innovations dating from this period include high-occupancy vehicle lanes, citywide carpool systems and transportation demand management. Singapore implemented congestion pricing in the late 1970s, and Curitiba began implementing its Bus Rapid Transit system in the early 1980s. Relatively low and stable oil prices during the 1980s and 1990s led to significant increases in vehicle travel from 1980–2000, both directly because people chose to travel by car more often and for greater distances, and indirectly because cities developed tracts of suburban housing, distant from shops and from workplaces, now referred to as urban sprawl. Trends in freight logistics, including a movement from rail and coastal shipping to road freight and a requirement for just in time deliveries, meant that freight traffic grew faster than general vehicle traffic. At the same time, the academic foundations of the \"predict and provide\" approach to transport were being questioned, notably by Peter Newman in a set of comparative studies of cities and their transport systems dating from the mid-1980s. The British Government's White Paper on Transport marked a change in direction for transport planning in the UK. In the introduction to the White Paper, Prime Minister Tony Blair stated that We recognise that we cannot simply build our way out of the problems we face. It would be environmentally irresponsible – and would not work. A companion document to the White Paper called \"Smarter Choices\" researched the potential to scale up the small and scattered sustainable transport initiatives then occurring across Britain, and concluded that the comprehensive application of these techniques could reduce peak period car travel in urban areas by over 20%. A similar study by the United States",
"Newman in a set of comparative studies of cities and their transport systems dating from the mid-1980s. The British Government's White Paper on Transport marked a change in direction for transport planning in the UK. In the introduction to the White Paper, Prime Minister Tony Blair stated that We recognise that we cannot simply build our way out of the problems we face. It would be environmentally irresponsible – and would not work. A companion document to the White Paper called \"Smarter Choices\" researched the potential to scale up the small and scattered sustainable transport initiatives then occurring across Britain, and concluded that the comprehensive application of these techniques could reduce peak period car travel in urban areas by over 20%. A similar study by the United States Federal Highway Administration, was also released in 2004 and also concluded that a more proactive approach to transportation demand was an important component of overall national transport strategy. Transport systems are major emitters of greenhouse gases, responsible for 23% of world energy-related GHG emissions in 2004, with about three quarters coming from road vehicles. Currently 95% of transport energy comes from petroleum. Energy is consumed in the manufacture as well as the use of vehicles, and is embodied in transport infrastructure including roads, bridges and railways. The first historical attempts of evaluating the Life Cycle environmental impact of vehicle is due to Theodore Von Karman. After decades in which all the analysis has been focused on emending the Von Karman model, Dewulf and Van Langenhove have introduced an model based on the second law of thermodynamics and exergy analysis. Chester and Orwath, have developed a similar model based on the first law that accounts the necessary costs for the infrastructure. The environmental impacts of transport can be reduced by reducing the weight of vehicles, sustainable styles of driving, reducing the friction of tires, encouraging electric and hybrid vehicles, improving the walking and cycling environment in cities, and by enhancing the role of public transport, especially electric rail. Green vehicles are intended to have less environmental impact than equivalent standard vehicles, although when the environmental impact of a vehicle is assessed over the whole of its life cycle this may not be the case. Electric vehicle technology has the potential to reduce transport CO emissions, depending on the embodied energy of the vehicle and the source of the electricity. The primary sources of electricity currently used in most countries (coal, gas, oil) mean that until world electricity production changes substantially, private electric cars will result in the same or higher production of CO2 than petrol equivalent vehicles. The Online Electric Vehicle (OLEV), developed by the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), is an electric vehicle that can be charged while stationary or driving, thus removing the need to stop at a charging station. The City of Gumi in South Korea runs a 24 km roundtrip along which the bus will receive 100 kW (136 horsepower) electricity at an 85% maximum power transmission efficiency rate while maintaining a 17 cm air gap between the underbody of the vehicle and the road surface. At that power, only a few sections of the road need embedded cables. Hybrid vehicles, which use an internal combustion engine combined with an electric engine to achieve better fuel efficiency than a regular combustion engine, are already common. Natural gas is also used as a transport fuel. Biofuels are a less common, and less promising, technology; Brazil met 17% of its transport fuel needs from bioethanol in 2007, but the OECD has warned that the success of biofuels in Brazil is due to specific local circumstances; internationally, biofuels are forecast to have little or no impact on greenhouse emissions, at significantly higher cost than energy efficiency measures. In practice there is a sliding scale of green transport depending on the sustainability of the option. Green vehicles are more fuel-efficient, but only in comparison with standard vehicles, and they still contribute to traffic congestion and road crashes. Well-patronised public transport networks based on traditional diesel buses use less fuel per passenger than private vehicles, and are generally safer and use less road space than private vehicles. Green public transport vehicles including electric trains, trams and electric buses combine the advantages of green vehicles with those of sustainable transport choices. Other transport choices with very low environmental impact are cycling and other human-powered vehicles, and animal powered transport. The most common green transport choice, with the least environmental impact is walking. Transport on rails boasts an excellent efficiency (see fuel efficiency in transportation). Cities with overbuilt roadways have experienced unintended consequences, linked to radical drops in public transport, walking, and cycling. In many cases, streets became void of “life.” Stores, schools, government centers and libraries moved away from central cities, and residents who did not flee to the suburbs experienced a much reduced quality of public space and of public services. As schools were closed their mega-school replacements in outlying areas generated additional traffic; the number of cars on US roads between 7:15 and 8:15 a.m. increases 30% during the school year. Yet another impact was an increase in sedentary lifestyles, causing and complicating a national epidemic of obesity, and accompanying dramatically increased health care costs. Cities are shaped by their transport systems. In The City in History, Lewis Mumford documented how the location and layout of cities was shaped around a walkable center, often located near a port or waterway, and with suburbs accessible by animal transport or, later, by rail or tram lines. In 1939, the New York World's Fair included a model of an imagined city, built around a car-based transport system. In this \"greater and better world of tomorrow\", residential, commercial and industrial areas were separated, and skyscrapers loomed over a network of urban motorways. These ideas captured the popular imagination, and are credited with influencing city planning from the 1940s to the 1970s. The popularity of the car in the post-war era led to major changes in the structure and function of cities. There was some opposition to these changes at the time. The writings of Jane Jacobs, in particular The Death and Life of Great American Cities provide a poignant reminder of what was lost in this transformation, and a record of community efforts to resist these changes. Lewis Mumford asked \"is the city for cars or for people?\" Donald Appleyard documented the consequences for communities of increasing car traffic in \"The View from the Road\" (1964) and in the UK, Mayer Hillman first published research into the impacts of traffic on child independent mobility in 1971. Despite these notes of caution, trends in car ownership, car use and fuel consumption continued steeply upward throughout the post-war period. Mainstream transport planning in Europe has, by contrast, never been based on assumptions that the private car was the best or only solution for urban mobility. For example, the Dutch Transport Structure Scheme has since the 1970s required that demand for additional vehicle capacity only be met \"if the contribution to societal welfare is positive\", and since 1990 has included an explicit target to halve the rate of growth in vehicle traffic. Some cities outside Europe have also consistently linked transport to sustainability and to land-use planning, notably Curitiba, Brazil, Portland, Oregon and Vancouver, Canada. There are major differences in transport energy consumption between cities; an average U.S. urban dweller uses 24 times more energy annually for private",
"the post-war period. Mainstream transport planning in Europe has, by contrast, never been based on assumptions that the private car was the best or only solution for urban mobility. For example, the Dutch Transport Structure Scheme has since the 1970s required that demand for additional vehicle capacity only be met \"if the contribution to societal welfare is positive\", and since 1990 has included an explicit target to halve the rate of growth in vehicle traffic. Some cities outside Europe have also consistently linked transport to sustainability and to land-use planning, notably Curitiba, Brazil, Portland, Oregon and Vancouver, Canada. There are major differences in transport energy consumption between cities; an average U.S. urban dweller uses 24 times more energy annually for private transport than a Chinese urban resident, and almost four times as much as a European urban dweller. These differences cannot be explained by wealth alone but are closely linked to the rates of walking, cycling, and public transport use and to enduring features of the city including urban density and urban design. The cities and nations that have invested most heavily in car-based transport systems are now the least environmentally sustainable, as measured by per capita fossil fuel use. The social and economic sustainability of car-based transportation engineering has also been questioned. Within the United States, residents of sprawling cities make more frequent and longer car trips, while residents of traditional urban neighbourhoods make a similar number of trips, but travel shorter distances and walk, cycle and use transit more often. It has been calculated that New York residents save $19 billion each year simply by owning fewer cars and driving less than the average American. A less car intensive means of urban transport is carsharing, which is becoming popular in North America and Europe, and according to The Economist, carsharing can reduce car ownership at an estimated rate of one rental car replacing 15 owned vehicles. Car sharing has also begun in the developing world, where traffic and urban density is often worse than in developed countries. Companies like Zoom in India, eHi in China, and Carrot in Mexico, are bringing car-sharing to developing countries in an effort to reduce car-related pollution, ameliorate traffic, and expand the number of people who have access to cars. The European Commission adopted the Action Plan on urban mobility on 2009-09-30 for sustainable urban mobility. The European Commission will conduct a review of the implementation of the Action Plan in the year 2012, and will assess the need for further action. In 2007, 72% of the European population lived in urban areas, which are key to growth and employment. Cities need efficient transport systems to support their economy and the welfare of their inhabitants. Around 85% of the EU’s GDP is generated in cities. Urban areas face today the challenge of making transport sustainable in environmental (CO, air pollution, noise) and competitiveness (congestion) terms while at the same time addressing social concerns. These range from the need to respond to health problems and demographic trends, fostering economic and social cohesion to taking into account the needs of persons with reduced mobility, families and children. Sustainable transport policies have their greatest impact at the city level. Outside Western Europe, cities which have consistently included sustainability as a key consideration in transport and land use planning include Curitiba, Brazil; Bogota, Colombia; Portland, Oregon; and Vancouver, Canada. The state of Victoria, Australia passed legislation in 2010 – the Transport Integration Act – to compel its transport agencies to actively consider sustainability issues including climate change impacts in transport policy, planning and operations. Many other cities throughout the world have recognised the need to link sustainability and transport policies, for example by joining the Cities for Climate Protection program. Sustainable transport is fundamentally a grassroots movement, albeit one which is now recognised as of citywide, national and international significance. Whereas it started as a movement driven by environmental concerns, over these last years there has been increased emphasis on social equity and fairness issues, and in particular the need to ensure proper access and services for lower income groups and people with mobility limitations, including the fast-growing population of older citizens. Many of the people exposed to the most vehicle noise, pollution and safety risk have been those who do not own, or cannot drive cars, and those for whom the cost of car ownership causes a severe financial burden. An organization called Greenxc started in 2011 created a national awareness campaign in the United States encouraging people to carpool by ride-sharing cross country stopping over at various destinations along the way and documenting their travel through video footage, posts and photography. Ride-sharing reduces individual's carbon footprint by allowing several people to use one car instead of everyone using individual cars. Car travel increased steadily throughout the twentieth century, but trends since 2000 have been more complex. Oil price rises from 2003 have been linked to a decline in per capita fuel use for private vehicle travel in the USA, Britain and Australia. In 2008, global oil consumption fell by 0.8% overall, with significant declines in consumption in North America, Western Europe, and parts of Asia. Other factors affecting a decline in driving, at least in America, include the retirement of Baby Boomers who now drive less, preference for other travel modes (such as transit) by younger age cohorts, the Great Recession, and the rising use of technology (internet, mobile devices) which have made travel less necessary and possibly less attractive. The term \"green transport\" is often used as a greenwash marketing technique for products which are not proven to make a positive contribution to environmental sustainability. Such claims can be legally challenged. For instance Norway's consumer ombudsman has targeted automakers who claim that their cars are \"green\", \"clean\" or \"environmentally friendly\". Manufacturers risk fines if they fail to drop the words. The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) describes \"green\" claims on products as \"very vague\", \"inviting consumers to give a wide range of meanings to the claim, which risks misleading them\". In 2008 the ACCC forced a car retailer to stop its \"green\" marketing of Saab cars, which was found by the Australian Federal Court as \"misleading\". The EU Directorate-General for Transport and Energy (DG-TREN) has launched a programme which focusses mostly on Urban Transport. Its main measures are: Sustainable transport Sustainable transport refers to the broad subject of transport that is sustainable in the senses of social, environmental and climate impacts and the ability to, in the global scope, supply the source energy indefinitely. Components for evaluating sustainability include the particular vehicles used for road, water or air transport; the source of energy; and the infrastructure used to accommodate the transport (roads, railways, airways, waterways,"
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"Duggan (TV series) Duggan was a TVNZ police drama from 1997, featuring New Zealand actor John Bach as Detective Inspector John Duggan and Fiona Mogridge as Ruth Duggan. Unlike other New Zealand police drama series, \"Duggan\" was produced as a series of one-off programmes, akin to British crime series of the time such as \"Inspector Morse\" and \"Midsomer Murders\". In all, 13 episodes were made between 1997 and 1999. \"Duggan\" follows the investigations of John Duggan, an initially retired Police Detective Inspector who becomes involved in various murder investigations near his home in the Marlborough Sounds at the top of the South Island of New Zealand. As such, the show mainly takes place in the Sounds, Picton and Wellington. Having retired from his job after the death of his wife, he is initially reluctant to resume his police work. However he is convinced back in the first telefeature, \"Death in Paradise\". Through the show he works to uncover complex murder plots against the backdrop of small-town New Zealand in the late 1990s. Ironically, production of the series was briefly delayed by a major real-life crime, the 1998 New Years Day murder of Ben Smart and Olivia Hope. Duggan (TV series)"
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"BulNet The Bulgarian WordNet (BulNet) is a lexical semantic network of Bulgarian following the Princeton WordNet (PWN) framework which implements the traditional semantic networks whose structure consists of nodes and relations between the nodes. BulNet was started within the EU-funded project BalkaNet - a Multilingual Semantic Network of the Balkan Languages directed to the construction of synchronized semantic databases for the following Balkan languages - Bulgarian, Greek, Romanian, Serbian, Turkish and the expansion of the Czech lexical-semantic network. After BalkaNet's completion the development of the Bulgarian WordNet has continued within the nationally-funded projects BulNet - a Lexical-semantic Network of Bulgarian (2005-2010) and Language E-resources and Processing Tools (2011-2013); the latter is co-funded under the project CESAR: Central and South-East European Resources (Information and Communication Technologies Policy Support Programme Call: CIP ICT-PSP-2010-4). Currently the Bulgarian WordNet comprises more than 80,000 (as of April 15, 2015) synonym sets distributed into nine parts of speech - nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, particles and interjections. The words included in the Bulgarian WordNet have been selected according to different criteria, the main ones being frequency analysis of the word occurrences in large text corpora (taking account of the number of occurrences of citation forms and not of wordforms), as well as the inclusion of synsets already featuring in the wordnets of other languages and synsets that correspond to high-frequency word senses found in parallel corpora. Each synonym set - SYNSET encodes the relation of equivalence between a number of lexical items - LITERALS (at least one should be explicitly represented in the SYNSET), each of them having a unique meaning (specified by the value of SENSE) - which pertain to one and the same part of speech (specified as the value of POS) and represent one and the same lexical meaning (specified as the value of DEF). Each synset is linked to its counterpart in PWN 3.0 by means of a unique identification number - ID. The common synsets in the Balkan languages are marked as common concepts subsets - BCS. In a monolingual database a synset should be linked to at least one other synset through an intralingual relation. Non-obligatory information may also be encoded such as examples of usage, stylistic peculiarities, morphological or syntactic properties, author and last edit details. The large number of relations encoded in the Bulgarian wordnet effectively illustrates the language's semantic and derivational richness that offers diverse opportunities for numerous applications of the multilingual database. The Bulgarian electronic semantic database offers linguistic solutions at the semantic level such as options for synonym selection, queries for semantic relations of a word in the language's lexical system (antonymy, holonymy, etc.), explanatory definition queries and translation equivalents for a lexical item. The Bulgarian wordnet is an electronic multilingual dictionary of synonym sets along with their explanatory definitions and sets of semantic relations with other words in the language. Hydra is an OS-independent system designed for wordnet development, validation and exploration. The program enables users to browse and edit any number of monolingual wordnets at a time. The individual wordnets are synchronised, so that equivalent synonym sets, or synsets, may be viewed and explored in parallel. BulNet search engine Hydra BulNet in META-SHARE BulSemCor - Bulgarian sense-annotated corpus BulNC: Bulgarian National Corpus BulNet The Bulgarian WordNet (BulNet) is a lexical semantic network of Bulgarian following the Princeton WordNet (PWN) framework which implements the traditional semantic networks whose structure consists of nodes and relations between the nodes. BulNet was started within the EU-funded project BalkaNet - a Multilingual Semantic Network of the Balkan Languages directed to the construction of synchronized semantic databases"
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"Cornelius Roosevelt Cornelius Van Schaack \"C.V.S.\" Roosevelt (January 30, 1794 – July 17, 1871) was an American businessman from New York City. He was also a member of the prominent Roosevelt family and the paternal grandfather of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt. Cornelius Van Schaack Roosevelt was born on January 30, 1794, in New York City, to James Jacobus Roosevelt and Maria Helen Van Schaack. He was the last full-blooded Dutch Roosevelt of his line. His great-grandfather was Johannes Roosevelt, the founder of the Oyster Bay branch of the Roosevelt family. Through his grandfather Cornelius Van Schaack Jr., he was a grandnephew of Peter van Schaack and great-great-grandson of Maria Schuyler from the Schuyler family. Through Maria, he was a great-great-great-grandnephew of Dutch-American settler Philip Pieterse Schuyler. Cornelius's younger brother, James John Roosevelt, served as a United States Congressman from New York from 1841 until 1843. He attended Columbia College but academic life did not suit him, and he did not graduate. In 1818, after leaving college, he became his father's partner in importing hardware. \"Economy is my doctrine at all times,\" he once said, \"at all events till I become, if it is to be so, a man of fortune.\" At his insistence, the focus of the business changed from hardware to plate glass. After his father's death in 1840, he inherited a large fortune, and was one of the five richest men in New York City. He continued to work in the business until his retirement in 1865. In the Panic of 1837, he bought many lots in Manhattan for building. In 1844, when New York Chemical Manufacturing Company's original charter expired, the chemical company was liquidated and was reincorporated as a bank only, becoming the Chemical Bank of New York in 1844. Roosevelt was among the bank's first directors under its new charter along with John D. Wolfe, Isaac Platt and Bradish Johnson, as well as the bank's president John Q. Jones. The company sold all remaining inventories from the chemical division as well as real estate holdings by 1851 and later became the present day Chase Bank. On October 9, 1821, he married Margaret Barnhill (1799–1861), a daughter of Robert Craig Barnhill (1754–1814) and Elizabeth Potts (1758–1807). Margaret was a descendant of English and Irish Quakers as well as a descendant of Thomas Pott, of Wales. Together, Cornelius and Margaret had six sons: Silas Weir Roosevelt, James Alfred Roosevelt, Cornelius Van Schaack Roosevelt, Jr., Robert Barnhill Roosevelt, Theodore \"Thee\" Roosevelt, Sr., and William Wallace Roosevelt. When each of his sons married, he gifted them houses in New York. On July 17, 1871, Cornelius died at his home in Oyster Bay, New York. \"The New York Times\" memorialized him as a \"merchant of the old school\". His estate was valued at between $3 million and $7 million. Roosevelt's grandchildren include John Ellis Roosevelt (1853–1939), president of the Elkhorn Valley Coal Land Company, William Emlen Roosevelt (1857–1930), a banker and president of Roosevelt & Son, Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919), the future President of the United States from September 14, 1901 until March 4, 1909, and Granville Roland Fortescue (1875–1952), an author and soldier. One of his great-granddaughters was First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt. One of his 2x great-grandson was Sir Humphrey Clarke, 5th Baronet (1906–1973). Notes Sources Cornelius Roosevelt Cornelius Van Schaack \"C.V.S.\" Roosevelt (January 30, 1794 – July 17, 1871) was an American businessman from New York City. He was also a member of the prominent Roosevelt family and the paternal grandfather of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt. Cornelius Van Schaack Roosevelt was born on January 30, 1794, in New York"
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"The Cop-Killer (short story) \"The Cop-Killer\" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published as \"The Cop Killer\" in the February 1951 issue of \"The American Magazine\". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection \"Triple Jeopardy\", published by the Viking Press in 1952. Returning to the brownstone from his morning errands, Archie finds two surprise visitors waiting for him on the stoop: Carl and Tina Vardas, both of whom work at the barbershop that Wolfe and Archie frequent. Jacob Wallen, a police detective, had visited the shop earlier in the day in order to question the employees as to their whereabouts on the previous night. After he had questioned Carl and Tina separately, they fled the shop for fear of being deported back to their native Russia, from which they had illegally made their way to New York City three years earlier. Archie puts them in the front room, tells Wolfe of their arrival, and goes to the shop. Several police officers, including Sergeant Purley Stebbins, are already there when he arrives, and Inspector Cramer arrives soon afterward. Wallen has been found dead in a manicurist's cubicle, stabbed in the back with a pair of scissors. While waiting for a shave, Archie learns that Wallen had been investigating a hit-and-run accident the previous night in which two women were struck and killed by a stolen car, and he had carried that evening's newspaper with him. He had used the cubicle for his questioning, and his body was found there some minutes after talking to the last of the employees. Since Carl and Tina fled the shop, suspicion falls on them first. Janet Stahl, a manicurist, claims in overly dramatic fashion that she killed Wallen, but Archie does not believe her. Once his shave is finished, Archie returns to the brownstone and finds Wolfe eating lunch with Carl and Tina. Further questioning of the couple reveals that neither of them knows how to drive a car, which is enough in Archie's mind to clear them of any guilt in the hit-and-run. They remember that Wallen had carried his newspaper flat as if it had just come off the newsstand, rather than rolled or folded up in his coat pocket, and had set it down that way on the table in the cubicle. Surprised by the arrival of Cramer, Archie moves them into the front room in order to keep him from finding them. Cramer is unconvinced that Archie's visit for a shave was only a coincidence, especially since has never gone to the shop for only a shave, but cannot see how any of the employees could afford Wolfe's fees. During the visit, Cramer learns from a phone call that Janet has been injured. Returning to the shop, Archie finds Janet recovering from a blow to the head and willing to talk only to him. She again over-dramatizes the incident, claiming that Stebbins assaulted her, but Archie uses her theatrics to question her further about the timeline of the morning's events. He calls in with an update for Wolfe, who soon surprises everyone by showing up for a haircut and asking for his usual barber, Jimmie Kirk. As Jimmie begins to work, Wolfe addresses the group with a list of assumptions he has made concerning the hit-and-run and Wallen's death: With prompting from Wolfe, including a suggestion to check the shop for Wallen's fingerprints, Cramer realizes that the object in question must have been one of the magazines in the waiting area, which are labeled with the shop's name and address. Janet remembers seeing Jimmie carrying one wrapped in a hot towel, as if he had been steaming it, and Jimmie dives for the magazines only to be tackled and arrested. He had jumped bail in West Virginia on an assortment of charges, including auto theft; while working at the shop, he had developed a habit of stealing its magazines, one of which he left in the car after abandoning it. Wolfe grumbles over the inconvenience of losing his barber to a murder charge. In the final chapter, Archie suggests that Wolfe call in a few favors with Washington officials so that Carl and Tina can legally remain in the United States. Wolfe comments that he has been a naturalized citizen for 24 years. \"The Cop-Killer\" was adapted for the second season of the A&E TV series \"A Nero Wolfe Mystery\" (2001–2002). Written by Jennifer Salt and directed by John R. Pepper, \"Cop Killer\" made its debut August 11, 2002, on A&E. Timothy Hutton is Archie Goodwin; Maury Chaykin is Nero Wolfe. Other members of the cast (in credits order) include Kari Matchett (Janet Stahl), Nicky Guadagni (Tina Vardas), Hrant Alianak (Carl Vardas), Bill Smitrovich (Inspector Cramer), James Tolkan (Ed Graboff), Colin Fox (Fritz Brenner), R.D. Reid (Sergeant Purley Stebbins), Boyd Banks (Jimmie Kirk), Ken Kramer (Joel Fickler), Robbie Rox (Philip), Angelo Tsarouchas (Flatfoot Cop) and Doug Lennox (Detective Jacob Wallen). In addition to original music by \"Nero Wolfe\" composer Michael Small, the soundtrack includes music by Robert Cornford (titles), Gioachino Rossini (opening sequence), Franz Schubert, David Steinberg and Dick Walter. \"A Nero Wolfe Mystery\" is available on DVD from A&E Home Video (). \"The Cop-Killer\" was adapted as the fourth episode of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's 13-part radio series \"Nero Wolfe\" (1982), starring Mavor Moore as Nero Wolfe, Don Francks as Archie Goodwin, and Cec Linder as Inspector Cramer. Written and directed by Toronto actor and producer Ron Hartmann, the hour-long adaptation aired on CBC Stereo February 6, 1982. The Cop-Killer (short story) \"The Cop-Killer\" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published as \"The Cop Killer\" in the February 1951 issue of \"The American Magazine\". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection \"Triple Jeopardy\", published by the Viking Press in 1952. Returning to the brownstone from his morning errands, Archie finds two surprise visitors waiting for him on the stoop: Carl and Tina Vardas, both of whom"
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"Help Me Make It Through the Night (album) Help Me Make It Through the Night is the debut studio album released by American country artist Sammi Smith. The album was originally released in September 1970 on Mega Records and was produced by Jim Malloy. The album was originally named \"He's Everywhere\" but was renamed \"Help Me Make It Through the Night\" due to the popularity of that track, which reached number one on the \"Billboard\" country music chart and the Top 10 on \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart. The album comprised Smith's first recordings for the Mega label. \"Help Me Make It Through the Night\" was recorded in May 1970 at the Monument Records recording studio in Nashville, Tennessee, United States and included Smith's first recordings for Mega Records, after leaving the Columbia label in 1969. The album's style reflected the Outlaw Country sound, which was found in other artists such as Willie Nelson and Waylon Jennings. The album was originally titled \"He's Everywhere\", due to the single of the same name becoming Smith's first Top 40 hit on the \"Billboard\" country chart. When the title track became a major hit, the album was retitled with the same album number. The album consisted of eleven tracks of new material. The release included a series of cover versions, such as Patsy Cline's \"There He Goes\", The First Edition's \"But You Know I Love You\", and Johnny Darrell's \"With Pen in Hand\". Two songs composed by Kris Kristofferson were also included: the Help Me Make It Through the Night and Johnny Cash's \"Sunday Mornin' Comin' Down\". The debut record also contained five new tracks (\"Saunder's Ferry Lane\", \"He's Everywhere\", \"Don't Blow No Smoke on Me\", \"When Michael Calls\", and \"This Room for Rent\"). The album was originally released on an LP record, with six songs on the first side of the record and five on the opposite side. The album has never been reissued on compact disc. The lead single released from Smith's future album was the album's sixth track entitled \"He's Everywhere\" in July 1970. The single became Smith's first Top 40 and Top 30 single, reaching #25 on the \"Billboard\" Country music chart that year. In November 1970, \"Help Me Make It Through the Night\" was released and became Smith's biggest hit and signature song. It reached #1 on the \"Billboard Magazine\" Hot Country Singles chart, #8 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, and #3 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart in 1971. In addition, \"Help Me Make It Through the Night\" also reached #1 on the \"RPM\" Country chart in Canada, as well as #4 on its Top Singles chart. For the song's success, Smith would later win the Country Music Association's \"Single of the Year\" award and the Grammy Award for Best Female Country Vocal Performance in 1972. The album was released in September 1970 on Mega Records and peaked at #1 on the \"Billboard Magazine\" Top Country Albums chart and #33 on the \"Billboard\" 200 albums list. It also went to #51 on the \"RPM\" Top Albums chart in Canada, Smith's only album to chart there. Help Me Make It Through the Night (album) Help Me Make It Through the Night is the debut studio album released by American country artist Sammi Smith. The album was originally released in September 1970 on Mega Records and was produced by Jim Malloy. The album was originally named \"He's Everywhere\" but was renamed \"Help Me Make It Through the Night\" due to the popularity of that track, which reached number one on the \"Billboard\" country music chart and the Top"
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"Garden State Stakes The Garden State Stakes was an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually in mid November at the now defunct Garden State Park Racetrack in Cherry Hill, New Jersey. A futurity event for two-year-olds, it is sometimes referred to as the Garden State Futurity. By 1956, the total purse offered was more than $300,000 (including all nomination and starting fees), making it the richest horse race in the world. The race was contested on dirt until 1994 when it was changed to a race on turf. It was raced at various distances: In 1955, the racetrack created a counterpart for fillies called the Gardenia Stakes. The Garden State Stakes was placed on hiatus in 1973 and after a fire destroyed the racetrack on April 14, 1977 it would not be run again until a new track was built by International Thoroughbred Breeders, Inc. through its wholly owned subsidiary, Garden State Race Track, Inc. headed by Robert E. Brennan that opened on April 1, 1985. The March 18, 2000 issue of the \"Philadelphia Inquirer\" reported that the Garden State Stakes had been cancelled for financial reasons. Garden State Stakes The Garden State Stakes was an American Thoroughbred horse race"
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"Thomas J. Conover House The Thomas J. Conover House is a historic residence located in Oskaloosa, Iowa, United States. Thomas J. Conover was a farmer who retired to town as a widower about 1910. He and his daughter Casa Mae Conover, lived here together while she worked at William Penn College. Between 1925 and 1951 she was a teacher of religious education, assistant registrar, secretary to the president, and the registrar. Single women who worked for the college rarely owned their own home. This suggests the difference in pay between men and women at the institution, even as it espoused gender equality. Casa had to live with her father and care for him in his old-age. Their Colonial Revival house was built about 1910. It is a two-story, frame, single-family dwelling that features a gable-end facade roof with hip-on-gable roof embellishment, fishscale shingles on the gable end, and a full-length front porch. It is the Casa Mae Conover's association with the school in the context of the Quaker testimony in Oskaloosa that makes this house historic. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. Thomas J. Conover House The Thomas J. Conover House is a historic"
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"Andreas Kümmert Andreas Kümmert (born 20 July 1986) is a German singer and songwriter who is best known for winning season three of \"The Voice of Germany\". He also won \"Unser Song für Deutschland\" with the song \"Heart of Stone\", giving him the possibility to represent his country at the Eurovision Song Contest 2015. However, he declined the opportunity and the runner-up Ann Sophie took his place. Kümmert started his career playing the drums or singing in various punk rock bands throughout Germany. He achieved minor success in music competitions while performing with the grunge band Silent Cry. In 2013, Kümmert began to participate in season three of \"The Voice of Germany\". Several of the songs he covered throughout the competition went on to chart in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Kümmert later won the competition. He later released his début album \"The Mad Hatter's Neighbour\" in 2014 which reached the Top 20 in Germany. In January 2015, Kümmert was announced as one of the seven established German artists competing in \"Unser Song für Deutschland\" with the songs \"Home Is In My Hands\" and \"Heart of Stone\". The latter of the two was announced as the winner of the competition and thus would represent Germany at the Eurovision Song Contest 2015, however he declined the opportunity and Ann Sophie and her song \"Black Smoke\" went on to represent the country in the contest. Andreas Kümmert Andreas Kümmert (born 20 July 1986) is a German singer and songwriter who is best known for winning season three of \"The Voice of Germany\". He also won \"Unser Song für Deutschland\" with the song \"Heart of Stone\", giving him the possibility to represent his country at the Eurovision Song Contest 2015. However, he declined the opportunity and the runner-up Ann Sophie took his place. Kümmert"
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"Komitas State Conservatory of Yerevan Komitas State Conservatory of Yerevan (), is a state-owned college of music located in Yerevan, Armenia. At the beginning, the institute was founded in 1921 as a music studio. However, in 1923, it was turned into a higher musical education institution. It is named after the founder of the Armenian national school of music, Komitas (1869−1935). The Student Council is self-governed and is formed of students from different study years, who are chosen in the faculty student meetings. The chairman is chosen by the council members. The Student Council is aimed to defend students' interests, help them to solve their social and life problems and organize their free time. The council provides financial aid, nominal scholarships and removes the study fee fully or partially. The chairman of the council is co-opted to the YSC Rectorate. The students also delegate 25% of the Student Council staff to the Big Council of the YSC. The YSC has a permanent student symphony orchestra, chamber and folk instruments orchestras, folklore choir and different chamber ensembles - trio, quartets, wind sextet, etc. The Opera Studio with its symphony orchestra and choir is situated in one of the YSC buildings. The Studio has at its disposal the Big Hall with theater stage (275 seats), where the studio participants, both teachers and students: producers, conductors, orchestra musicians and choir singers, stage the operas. All the vocal parts in these operas are performed by the students of the Vocal Department. There are also three small concert halls in the Conservatory (80-100 seats in each one). They are used for the academic evenings, solo, class, faculty or jubilee recitals, annual session of the Top Student Society, student formal and informal meetings and \"skills\". Komitas State Conservatory of Yerevan Komitas State Conservatory of Yerevan (),"
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"L'Inferno L'Inferno is a 1911 Italian silent film, loosely adapted from \"Inferno\", the first canticle of Dante Alighieri's \"Divine Comedy\". \"L'Inferno\" took over three years to make, and was the first full-length Italian feature film. (\"The Story of the Kelly Gang\", released in Australia in 1906, is the first full-length film). \"L'Inferno\" was first screened in Naples in the Teatro Mercadante on March 10, 1911. An international success, it took in more than $2 million in the United States, where its length gave theater owners an excuse for raising ticket prices. For this reason, \"L'Inferno\" was arguably the first true blockbuster in all of cinema. Today it is regarded by many scholars as the finest film adaptation of any of Dante's works to date. The film's depictions of Hell closely followed those in the engravings of Gustave Doré for an edition of the \"Divine Comedy\", which were familiar to an international audience, and employed several special effects. The first music score for the film was written by Raffaele Caravaglios. The film was released on DVD in 2004, with a score by Tangerine Dream. Another DVD, based on a version restored by Cineteca di Bologna in 2006, was published in 2011 by Cineteca di Bologna in Il Cinema Ritrovato series with an original soundtrack in 5.1 surround sound by Edison Studio . As Dante's \"Divine Comedy\" places Muhammad in hell, and following the depictions in engravings of Gustave Doré, the film also has a momentary unflattering depiction of Muhammad in its Hell sequence. This would make \"L'Inferno\" one of the few films to include such a depiction. Nancy Mitford recorded seeing the film in Italy in 1922, referring to it as \"Dante\". She records that it lasted from 9 until 12:15 including two intermissions. She details many of the deaths and tortures from the film. Her description of the film in her letter home is quoted in the biography \"Nancy Mitford\" by Harold Acton. The scenes from Hell from the film were reused in an American 1936 exploitation film \"Hell-O-Vision\" and the 1944 race film \"Go Down, Death!\" Some American state film censor boards required removal of the hell sequences from \"L'Inferno\" used in \"Go Down, Death!\" such as one where a woman's bare breast is momentarily seen. L'Inferno L'Inferno is a 1911 Italian silent film, loosely adapted from \"Inferno\", the first canticle of Dante Alighieri's \"Divine Comedy\". \"L'Inferno\" took over"
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"Gordmans Gordmans is a chain of Midwestern off-price department stores founded and headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska. The retailer operates 68 locations in 22 states in the United States. The company's origins date back to the early 20th century when Sam Richman opened a small clothing store in Omaha in 1915. Richman's Outfitters to the Family occupied a small storefront at 16th and Chicago in downtown Omaha. Dan Gordman joined Richman as a full partner in the business and married his daughter Esther. After several years, the business grew to occupy the entire building at 16th and Chicago. In 1948, a second store was opened in South Omaha, Nebraska and Gordman purchased Richman's remaining interest in the company, and changed the name to Richman Gordman. During the 1960s, Gordman's sons and nephew joined the business and positioned the company for more aggressive expansion. In the early 1970s, the company expanded beyond Nebraska. Richman Gordman opened two stores in Des Moines, Iowa followed by another location in Topeka, Kansas. Its 10th store opened in Grand Island, Nebraska in 1974. Gordman was among the first to incorporate central checkouts, shopping carts, and self-service shoes to Omaha and was also one of the first stores to be open on Sundays. In 1975, Gordman opened a small test store in South Omaha at 25th and L Streets named the 1/2 Price Store. The concept was to sell Richman Gordman merchandise at half price. This led to the opening of six more 1/2 Price Stores in the 1970s; a separate corporate structure was built to accommodate the growing business. By the company's 75th anniversary in 1990, it operated 16 1/2 Price Store off-price department stores and 16 Richman Gordman department stores. In 1992, however, Richman Gordman filed for bankruptcy protection, and all of its department stores closed. The off-price department store division became the company's sole focus after it emerged from bankruptcy under the Richman Gordman 1/2 Price Stores name in 1993. By 1996, all 1/2 Price Stores were converted into the Gordmans brand. The company decided to develop a new prototype store and attempted to improve the store's presentation. The first two Gordmans stores opened in Tulsa, Oklahoma in August 1999. Sun Capital Partners bought the company in 2008. It was taken public again in 2010 with Sun continuing to hold a majority stake. On March 6, 2017, Bloomberg reported that Gordmans was reportedly preparing to file for bankruptcy. On March 13, 2017 Bloomberg announced that Gordmans had indeed filed for bankruptcy in Nebraska (\"In re Gordmans Stores Inc.\", 17-80304, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, District of Nebraska (Omaha).) with a liquidation deal struck with Tiger and Great American. Stage Stores bought 48 of the stores as well as 1 of the distribution centers. The purchase also included the Gordmans name along with all of the intellectual property. Following the acquisition by Stage Stores Gordmans began to transition away from the specialty department store business model. Stage plans for the new direction for the Gordmans Brand to be in the thriving, off-price retail sector and more resemble stores like T.J. Maxx, Ross, and Burlington. Stage Stores intends to expand the Gordmans Brand and began by opening their first new Gordmans Store in Rosenberg, Texas in March of 2018. Gordmans Gordmans is a chain of Midwestern off-price department stores founded and headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska. The retailer operates 68 locations in 22 states in the United States. The company's origins date back to the early 20th century when Sam Richman opened a small clothing store in Omaha in 1915. Richman's Outfitters to the Family occupied a small storefront"
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"Te Quise Tanto \"Te Quise Tanto\" () is a song written by Coti Sorokin, Andahí and A. Schinoff and produced by Emilio Estefan Jr. and recorded by Mexican pop singer Paulina Rubio, and was included on her studio album \"Pau-Latina\" (2004). The track was selected as the lead single from the album, and was released in January 2004 in North America, Latin America and Spain (see 2004 in music). It reached the number one position in Argentina, Spain, Venezuela and in the \"Billboard\" Hot Latin Tracks chart in the United States for six non-consecutive weeks, the longest stay at the summit by the singer in that chart to date. The song also hold the honor of being the first number-one song of the Latin America Top 40. These are the formats and track listings of major single releases of \"Te Quise Tanto\". Paulina performed the song at the 2004 Latin Billboard Awards. Te Quise Tanto is Rubio's biggest hit so far becoming her first #1 song on the Hot Latin Tracks; it spent a total of six weeks at the top position, while also reaching #1 on the Latin Pop Airplay. The song has managed to peak at #105 in the U.S. Also, as of December 11 of 2009, Te Quise Tanto became the 72nd most played song of the past decade amongst the top 100 most popular songs from Billboards, Latin Pop Songs charts. Te Quise Tanto \"Te Quise Tanto\" () is a song written by Coti Sorokin, Andahí and A. Schinoff and produced by Emilio Estefan Jr. and recorded by Mexican pop singer Paulina Rubio, and was included on her studio album \"Pau-Latina\" (2004). The track was selected as the lead single from the album, and was released in January 2004 in North America, Latin America and Spain"
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"Edward Everett McCall Edward Everett McCall (January 6, 1863 – March 12, 1924) was Justice of the Supreme Court of New York from 1902 to 1913 and was also the Chairman of the New York Public Service Commission from 1913 to 1915. He was born on January 6, 1863. He was a justice of the Supreme Court of New York from 1902 to 1913 and was also the Chairman of the New York Public Service Commission from 1913 to 1915. In November, 1915, he was removed from that office by Governor Charles S. Whitman because McCall owned stock in a company under his jurisdiction. He ran unsuccessfully as the Democratic Party candidate for the Mayor of New York City in 1913. He died of pneumonia on March 12, 1924 in New York City. Edward Everett McCall Edward Everett McCall (January 6, 1863 – March 12, 1924) was Justice of the Supreme Court of New York from 1902 to 1913 and was also the Chairman of the New York Public Service Commission from 1913 to 1915. He was born on January 6, 1863. He was a justice of the Supreme Court of New York from 1902 to 1913 and was also"
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"Kusumasiri Gunawardena Kusumasiri Gunawardena (née Amarasinghe) (1912–1985) was a Ceylonese politician. Kusumasiri was born in Medaketiya (Tangalle) on 26 May 1912, the daughter of Don Davith Amarasinghe and Sophinona. She was educated at Rahula Maha Vidyalaya, Tangalle, St. Mary's Convent Matara and Musaeus College, Colombo. She later participated in the Suriya Mal movement and joined the Lanka Sama Samaja Party. On 30 June 1939 she married Philip Gunawardena, one of the founders of the Lanka Sama Samaja Party. During the Second World War, when her husband escaped from detention in Ceylon to India, she followed in disguise. They were both later arrested by Indian police in 1943 and after several months deported back to Ceylon. In 1947 Phillip was elected at 1st parliamentary election as the member for Avissawella, representing the Lanka Sama Samaja Party. In 1948 however he was dismissed from parliament due to his involvement in the General Strike in 1947, losing his civic rights for seven years. He was replaced by Kusumasiri, who was elected unopposed in the 1948 by election, making her the second elected female Member of Parliament in Sri Lanka. She retained the seat at the 2nd parliamentary elections in 1952, representing the Viplavakari Lanka Sama Samaja Party. She did not contest the seat of Avissawella following 1956 parliamentary elections in favour of her husband, instead she ran for the seat of Kiriella Electoral District, where she was duely elected. She failed to retain the seat at the March 1960 parliamentary elections. As a member of parliament she campaigned for equal treatment of women, pushing for women to be recruited to the civil service and be appointed to senior positions in government departments. Her eldest son, Indika, was a member of parliament and a cabinet member, her second son, Prasanna, was the Mayor of Colombo between 2002 and 2006, her third son, Dinesh, is a member of parliament, representing the Colombo Electoral District and the current leader of the Mahajana Eksath Peramuna (MEP), whilst her fourth son, Gitanjana was also a member of parliament and a deputy minister. Kusumasiri Gunawardena Kusumasiri Gunawardena (née Amarasinghe) (1912–1985) was a Ceylonese politician. Kusumasiri was born in Medaketiya (Tangalle) on 26 May 1912, the daughter of Don Davith Amarasinghe and Sophinona. She was educated at Rahula Maha Vidyalaya, Tangalle, St. Mary's Convent Matara and Musaeus College, Colombo. She later participated in the Suriya Mal movement and joined the"
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"Chris Loudon Chris Loudon (born 19 May 1985 in Glasgow) is a Scottish darts player currently playing for Professional Darts Corporation events. Loudon began playing darts aged 4, and throughout his childhood and early teens, had competed in local and international youth tournaments with the BDO. Loudon last played competitively for the BDO (British Darts Organisation) in February 2009, when he played in the BDO 2009 Scottish Open. He reached his board semi final in this event, which was later won by Tony O'Shea. After this tournament, he decided to move to the PDC. To date, his greatest achievement in the PDC is reaching the second round of the Blue Square, 2009 UK Open Darts tournament, held in Bolton. As of 3 July 2010, Loudon is ranked 115th, according to the PDC Order of Merit . In separate ranked tournaments, Loudon is currently ranked joint 79th in the 2010 PDC Player's Championship Order of Merit, and was ranked joint 64th in the Blue Square UK Open Order of Merit in 2009. In 2010, and in the same tournament, Loudon was ranked 95th, and therefore qualified to compete in the Riley's Darts Zones - UK Open Darts Championship for a second time. Loudon was interviewed on Scottish radio station 96.3 Rock Radio, where he expressed his excitement in participating in the tournament. In the same interview, Loudon confirmed that he has no official walk on music or darts nickname, but has been referred to as 'Fingers' because he 'works with computers and plays darts'. The DJ then suggested the nickname 'Stiff Little Fingers' (reference to the Northern Irish punk rock band), and perhaps 'something by them' for his walk-on music. On Thursday, 3 June 2010, he played against Paul Whitworth in the first round and was subsequently defeated 6-5. In October 2010, Loudon decided to move back to the BDO. Loudon currently works full-time for his local government authority, and lives in a suburb in the East End of Glasgow. He has a keen interest in football, and he was a promising goalkeeper in his youth. He was once scouted for Dundee United, but chose to play darts instead of football. When he is not playing darts, Loudon enjoys supporting Scotland and Rangers. He also enjoys playing golf and snooker. Loudon is a cousin of Scottish professional footballers Darren Young and Derek Young. Chris Loudon Chris Loudon (born 19 May 1985"
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"Siege of Diu The Siege of Diu occurred when an army of the Sultanate of Gujarat under Khadjar Safar, aided by forces of the Ottoman Empire attempted to capture the city of Diu in 1538, then held by the Portuguese. The Portuguese successfully resisted the four months long siege. It is part of The Ottoman-Portuguese War. In 1509, the major Battle of Diu (1509) took place between the Portuguese and a joint fleet of the Sultan of Gujarat, the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, the Zamorin of Calicut with support of the Ottoman Empire. Since 1517, the Ottomans had attempted to combine forces with Gujarat in order to fight the Portuguese away from the Red Sea and in the area of India. Pro-Ottoman forces under Captain Hoca Sefer had been installed by Selman Reis in Diu. Diu in Gujarat (now a state in western India), was with Surat, one of the main points of supply of spices to Ottoman Egypt at that time. However, Portuguese intervention thwarted that trade by controlling the traffic in the Red Sea. In 1530, the Venetians could not obtain any supply of spices through Egypt. Under the command of governor Nuno da Cunha, the Portuguese had attempted to capture Diu by force in February 1531, unsuccessfully. Thereafter, the Portuguese waged war on Gujarat, devastating its shores and several cities like Surat. Soon after however, the Sultan of Gujarat, Bahadur Shah, who was under threat from the Mughal emperor Humayun made an agreement with the Portuguese, granting them Diu in exchange for Portuguese assistance against the Mughals and protection should the realm fall. The Portuguese seized the stronghold of Gogala (Bender-i Türk) near the city, and built the Diu Fort. Once the threat from Humayun was removed, Bahadur tried to negotiate the withdrawal of the Portuguese, but on 13 February 1537 he died drowning during the negotiations on board of a Portuguese ship in unclear circumstances, both sides blaming the other for the tragedy. Bahadur Shah had also appealed to the Ottomans to expel the Portuguese, which led to the 1538 expedition. Upon the arrival of Sultan Bahadur's envoy to Egypt with a large tribute in 1536, the Ottoman governor (pasha) of Egypt, 60 year old eunuch Hadim Suleiman Pasha, was nominated by Sultan Suleiman \"the Magnificent\" to organize and personally lead an expedition to India. Pasha Suleiman forbade any shipping out of the Red Sea to avoid leaking information to the Portuguese in India. There were delays however due to the Siege of Coron in the Mediterranean, and the Ottoman-Safavid war of 1533–1535. According to the \"Tarikh al-Shihri\", Ottoman forces amounted to 80 vessels and 40,000 men. Gaspar Correia provides a more specific account, claiming that the Turks assembled at Suez an armada composed of 15 \"bastard galleys\" , 40 \"royal galleys\", 6 galliots, 5 galleons \"with four masts each\" that were \"dangerous ships to sail, for they were shallow with no keel\"; five smaller craft, six foists from Gujarat, and two brigs. It carried over 400 artillery pieces in total, over 10,000 sailors and rowers (of which 1500 were Christian) and 6,000 soldiers, of which 1500 were janissaries. The Pasha employed a Venetian renegade, Francisco, as captain of 10 galleys, plus 800 Christian mercenaries. On July 20, 1538, the armada set sail from Jeddah, stopping by Kamaran Island before proceeding to Aden. At Aden, Pasha Suleiman captured the city after inviting it's ruler, Sheikh Amir bin Dawaud, favourable towards the Portuguese, aboard his ships, then hanging him. Thus, Aden was occupied without a siege, and plundered. The expedition left Aden in August 19 and then called at Socotra, thereafter making its way to the western coast of Gujarat, despite losing some ships that got separated from the fleet during the passage of the Indian Ocean. It was the largest Ottoman fleet ever sent into the Indian Ocean. The captain of Diu at the time was the experienced António da Silveira, former captain of Bassein and Hormuz who had participated in the Portuguese-Gujarati War of 1531–34. The Portuguese fortress housed about 3,000 people, of which solely 600 were soldiers. Under the command of Khadjar Safar – \"Coge Sofar\" in Portuguese, an Italian renegade from Otranto and an influential lord in Gujarat – the Gujarati forces began crossing the channel of Diu onto the western side of the island on June 26, 1538, being held back by the city's western walls just long enough for the Portuguese to fill their water reserves and burn their supply storages in the city before finally retreating to the fortress on the eastern end of the island. For the following two months the Gujaratis were unable to threaten the besieged with more than a low-intensity bombardment, while the Portuguese conducted occasional raids on the Gujarati positions. Lopo de Sousa Coutinho, who would later write his memoirs on the siege, distinguished himself in August 14 after leading 14 Portuguese in a \"sortie\" into the city to capture supplies, defeating 400 soldiers of Khadjar Safar. On September 4, the Ottoman fleet arrived in Diu, catching the Portuguese garrison by surprise and thus blockading the fortress by sea. Captain da Silveira immediately sent a small craft to run the blockade with a distress call to Goa, while Pasha Suleiman promptly landed 500 janissaries, who proceeded to plunder the city – causing Suleiman to fall out of favour with the lords of Gujarat but Khadjar Safar. The janissaries then attempted to scale the fortress' walls but were repelled with 50 dead. In September 7, a strong storm fell upon Diu, damaging part of the Ottoman fleet (and helping the Portuguese restore their water supplies), after which the Turks began unloading their artillery and a further 1000 men, and raising a number of defensive and siege works around the fort. It seems by then the Gujarati lords became distrustful of the Ottomans, possibly fearing that they might establish themselves in Diu after expelling the Portuguese, and the following day refused to provide any further supplies. On September the 14th, four foists from Goa and Chaul arrived with reinforcements. A distant eyewitness, the famous Portuguese traveler Fernão Mendes Pinto later recounted how, passing by the fortress, Turkish galleys came close to seizing the tradeship he traveled in: The Ottoman artillery opened fire on the fortress on the 28th, as their galleys bombarded it from the sea, with the Portuguese replying suit – The Portuguese sank a galley but lost several men as two of their basilisks exploded. Across the Diu channel on the mainland shore, the Portuguese kept a redoubt by a village dubbed \"Vila dos Rumes\" – \"Village of the Rumes\" (Turks) modern day Gogolá – commanded by captain Francisco Pacheco and defended by 30–40 Portuguese, which came under attack by Gujarati forces. In September 10 the army of Khadjar Safar bombarded the fortlet with Turkish artillery pieces before attempting to assault it with the aid of janissaries but were repelled. Khadjar Safar then ordered a craft be filled with timber, sulphur and tar, with which he hoped to place by the redoubt and smoke the Portuguese out. Realizing his intentions, António da Silveira sent Francisco de Gouveia with a small crew on a craft to burn the device with fire bombs under cover from the night, despite coming under enemy fire. Another assault on September 28 with 700 janissaries failed after a prolonged bombardment. The Portuguese garrison resisted until its captain Pacheco agreed to surrender to the Pasha on October 1, who had granted them safe passage to the fortress unarmed. When they surrendered however, Suleiman promptly had them imprisoned on his galleys and forced Pereira to write a letter to captain António da Silveira advising him to surrender. With the redoubt of the Village of the Rumes conquered, Suleiman Pasha personally wrote an additional message the following day to captain da Silveira – passed through a Portuguese renegade – in which he instigated the Portuguese to",
"with a small crew on a craft to burn the device with fire bombs under cover from the night, despite coming under enemy fire. Another assault on September 28 with 700 janissaries failed after a prolonged bombardment. The Portuguese garrison resisted until its captain Pacheco agreed to surrender to the Pasha on October 1, who had granted them safe passage to the fortress unarmed. When they surrendered however, Suleiman promptly had them imprisoned on his galleys and forced Pereira to write a letter to captain António da Silveira advising him to surrender. With the redoubt of the Village of the Rumes conquered, Suleiman Pasha personally wrote an additional message the following day to captain da Silveira – passed through a Portuguese renegade – in which he instigated the Portuguese to surrender, claiming that he had with him veteran troops from the conquest of Rhodes, Belgrade and Hungary, and that the Portuguese resembled \"cattle trapped in their pen\". To which da Silveira then dictated out-loud his reply to be sent to the Pasha, ahead of the whole fortress: Enraged by such a reply, the Pasha immediately ordered the bombardment of the fortress. By October 5, the Turks had finished their siege works and assembled all their artillery, which included nine basilisks, five great bombards, fifteen heavy guns and 80 medium and smaller cannon that bombarded the fortress for the following 27 days. That night, 5 more craft from Goa with gunpowder and reinforcements arrived. After seven days of bombardment, part of the bulwark of Gaspar de Sousa collapsed and the Turks attempted to scale it \"with two banners\", but were repelled with heavy losses to bombs and arquebus fire. Another assault the following morning was met with equally fierce resistance by the Portuguese. Afterwards, the Turks forced labourers into the moat to undermine the fortress' walls and, in spite of several losses, managed to open a breach with gunpowder, but already the Portuguese had raised a barricade around the breach from the inside, which caused many losses on the assailants once they attempted to break through. When at night the bombardment ceased, the Portuguese repaired the fortress' walls under cover from the darkness. From an artillery battery on the opposite shore, the Turks bombarded the \"Sea Fort\" (\"Baluarte do Mar\") that stood in the middle of the river mouth bombarding the flank of Muslim positions. In October 27, Suleiman Pasha ordered 6 small galleys to attempt and scale the fortlet, but came under heavy Portuguese cannon fire. The following day, the Turks drew 12 galleys and again attempted to \"board\" the fortlet, but were repelled with heavy losses due to fire bombs. In October 30, Pasha Suleiman attempted a final diversion by faking the withdrawal of his forces, embarking 1000 men. Ever cautious, António da Silveira ordered the sentries to be alert – at daybreak, 14,000 men divided in three \"banners\" attempted to scale the fortress as it was bombarded with no regard to friendly fire. A few hundred troops managed to scale the walls and raise banners but the Portuguese managed to repel the assailants, killing 500 and wounding a further 1000 from gunfire and bombs out of the \"São Tomé\" bastion. With his relation with Coja Safar and the Gujaratis degrading and increasingly fearful of being caught off-hand by the Viceroy's armada, on November 1 the Pasha finally decided to abandon the siege and began reembarking his troops. Suspecting another ruse from the Pasha, captain Silveira ordered 20 of his last men on a \"sortie\" to deceive the enemy of their dwindling forces. The party managed to capture a Turkish banner. The Pasha however, intended on departing on November 5, but was unable due to unfavourable weather. That night, two small galleys reached Diu with reinforcements and supplies, firing their guns and signal rockets. The following morning, a fleet of 24 small galleys was sighted and believing it to be the vanguard of the governor's rescue fleet, the Pasha hurriedly departed, leaving 1200 dead and 500 wounded behind. Khadjar Safar then set fire to his encampment and abandoned the island with his forces shortly after. In reality, it was just a forward fleet under the command of António da Silva Meneses and Dom Luís de Ataíde, dispatched from Goa with reinforcements, supplies and news that the governor would depart soon to their aid. Although they took no part in the fighting, the small force was triumphantly received within the ruined fortress by its last survivors. The Portuguese were by then critically low on gunpowder and supplies and with less than 40 valid men; in final stages of the siege, the Portuguese record that even the women assisted in its defence. The craft sent by António da Silveira arrived in Goa in mid September, but already governor Nuno da Cunha was well aware of the presence of the Turks in India: the Portuguese had intercepted a Turkish galleon in southern India and another galley that got separated from the fleet and called at Honavar, which the Portuguese destroyed with the aid of the locals (a fight in which Fernão Mendes Pinto participated). The governor had assembled a relief force of 14 galleons 8 galleys, several caravels and over 30 smaller oar ships, but in September 14 the new viceroy appointed by Lisbon arrived, and demanded the immediate succession in office. By the end of 1537, reports on Ottoman preparations in Egypt had reached Lisbon through Venice, and King John III promptly ordered a reinforcement of 11 \"naus\" and 3,000 soldiers, of which 800 were \"fidalgos\", to be dispatched to India as soon as possible along with the new viceroy, Dom Garcia de Noronha. At Goa however, Dom Garcia considered the relief force organized by governor Nuno da Cunha to be insufficient, though the Portuguese veterans in India argued otherwise. The viceroy remained in Goa for two more months, organizing his forces until he had gathered an imposing fleet of 17 galleons, 15 carracks, 7 caravels, 8 galleys, 33 small oar ships and 30 support craft, with an estimated force of 5,000 Portuguese soldiers and several thousands of \"fighting slaves\" (\"escravos de peleja\") and malabarese sailors and auxiliaries. Just as the expedition was about to set sail to Diu however, a craft arrived in Goa with the information that the siege had been lifted. After the failed siege, the Ottomans returned to Aden, where they fortified the city with 100 pieces of artillery. One of them is still visible today at the Tower of London, following the capture of Aden by British forces in 1839. Suleiman Pasha also established Ottoman suzerainty over Shihr and Zabid, and reorganized the territories of Yemen and Aden as an Ottoman province, or Beylerbeylik. The veteran Lopo de Sousa Coutinho later recounted that \"it was said\" that the Portuguese who had surrendered to Suleiman Pasha were all killed off in the Red Sea, on their way back to Egypt. Indeed, at As-Salif, by Kamaran Island, the Pasha had all prisoners under his control massacred, 140 in total, and their heads put on display in Cairo. Suleiman Pasha intended to launch a second expedition against the Portuguese in Diu, but this did not happen. In 1540, the Portuguese sent a retaliatory expedition to Suez with a fleet of 72 ships, sacking Suakin, Kusayr, and spreading panic in Egypt. In 1546, the Ottoman established a new naval base in Basra, thus threatening the Portuguese in Hormuz. The Ottomans would suffer a strong naval defeat against the Portuguese in the Persian Gulf in 1554. Further conflict between the Ottomans and the Portuguese would lead to the Ottoman expedition to Aceh in 1565. The Indians would not retake possession of the Diu enclave until Operation Vijay in 1961. Siege of Diu The Siege of Diu occurred when an army of the Sultanate of Gujarat under Khadjar Safar, aided"
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"Palace of the Governors The Palace of the Governors () (1610) is an adobe structure located on Palace Avenue on the Plaza of Santa Fe, New Mexico, between Lincoln Avenue and Washington Avenue. It is within the Santa Fe Historic District and it served as the seat of government for the state of New Mexico for centuries. The Palace of the Governors is the oldest continuously occupied public building in the United States. In 1610, Pedro de Peralta, the newly appointed governor of the Spanish territory covering most of the American Southwest, began construction on the Palace of the Governors, although recent historical research has suggested that construction began in 1618. In the following years, the Palace changed hands as the territory of New Mexico did, seeing the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, the Spanish reconquest from 1693 to 1694, Mexican independence in 1821, and finally American possession in 1848. The Palace originally served as the seat of government of the Spanish colony of Nuevo Mexico, which at one time comprised the present-day states of Texas, Arizona, Utah, Colorado, Nevada, California, and New Mexico. After the Mexican War of Independence, the Mexican province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México was administered from the Palace of the Governors. When New Mexico was annexed as a U.S. territory, the Palace became New Mexico's first territorial capitol. Lew Wallace wrote the final parts of his book \"\" in this building while serving as territorial governor in the late 1870s. He remembered later in life that it was at night, during a severe thunderstorm in the spring of 1879, after returning from a tense meeting with Billy the Kid in Lincoln County, when he wrote the climactic Crucifixion scenes of the novel. Wallace worked by the light of a shaded lamp in the shuttered governor's study, fearing a bullet from outside over the tensions surrounding the Lincoln County War. Between 1909, when the New Mexico territorial legislature established the Museum of New Mexico, and Summer 2009 the Palace of the Governors served as the site of the state history museum. In 2009 the New Mexico History Museum was opened adjacent to the Palace, which is now one of eight museums overseen by the New Mexico Department of Cultural Affairs. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1960. The United States Postal Service issued a turquoise 1¼-cent stamp on June 17, 1960 featuring an image of the Palace. According to Steven J. Rod, \"This was in coincidence with the opening day of Santa Fe’s 350th anniversary celebration. The Palace is shown on the stamp from a front angle, a design which was taken from a photograph by Tyler Dingee of Santa Fe. The Governor's Palace stamp was the eighth 'national shrine' honored by this series.\" Palace of the Governors The Palace of the Governors () (1610) is an adobe structure located on Palace Avenue on the Plaza of Santa Fe, New Mexico, between Lincoln Avenue and Washington Avenue. It is within the Santa Fe Historic"
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"Timurid relations with Europe Timurid relations with Europe developed in the early 15th century, as the Turco-Mongol ruler Timur (Tamerlane) and European monarchs attempted to operate a rapprochement against the expansionist Ottoman Empire. Although the Timurid Mongols had been Muslim since the early 14th century, a strong hostility remained between them and the Ottoman Turks as well as the Egyptian Mamluks. Although his self-proclaimed title was ghazi (or \"conquerer\"), Timur maintained relatively friendly relations with Europe. Europe at the time was threatened by the invading armies of the Ottoman Turks and was desperate for allies. Timur likewise saw the European states as allies to help him destroy his Ottoman enemies. After his campaigns in India in 1399, Timur took Aleppo and Damascus in 1400. He fought and eventually vanquished the Ottoman ruler Bayazid I at the Battle of Ankara in July 1402. At the time of the Battle of Ankara, two Spanish ambassadors were already with Timur: Pelayo de Sotomayor and Fernando de Palazuelos. There was the possibility of an alliance between Timur and the European states against the Ottoman Turks attacking Europe. There was a clear motive for Timur, who wanted to surround his Ottoman and Mamluk enemies in his offensive alliance. These mirrored attempts towards a Franco-Mongol alliance a century before, especially since Ottoman offensives were already threatening Constantinople at that time. Timur sent an ambassador to the court of Charles VI, in the person of the Dominican monk Jean, Archbishop of Sultānīya. Jean arrived in Paris on 15 June 1403. Timur's letter was delivered to Charles VI, describing him as: Timur offered an offensive and defensive alliance to Charles VI, as well as the development of commercial relations. Charles VI was only able to send an answer and an envoy shortly before Timur's death (1405). Relations with Spain were also developed. In the view of the Spanish historian Miguel Ángel Ochoa Brun, the relations between the courts of Henry III of Castile and that of Timur were the most important episode of the mediaeval Castilian diplomacy. Timur sent to the court of Castile a Chagatay ambassador named Hajji Muhammad al-Qazi with letters and gifts. In December 1402, Timur came into direct conflict with a small European outpost on the Anatolian coast. The fortress and harbour of the city of Smyrna were held by the Knights Hospitaller. Timur besieged Smyrna for a fortnight and captured it. This action caused some consternation in Aragon and Castile. In return, King Henry III of Castile sent an embassy to Timur's court in Samarkand on 21 May 1403, led by Ruy Gonzáles de Clavijo, with two other ambassadors, Alfonso Paez and Gomez de Salazar. On their return in 1406, Timur said that he regarded the king of Spain \"as his very own son\". According to Clavijo, Timur's good treatment of the Spanish delegation contrasted with the disdain shown by his host toward the envoys of the \"lord of Cathay\" (i.e., the Ming dynasty Yongle Emperor). The Chinese ruler, whose title was \"lord of the realms of the face of the earth\", was called by Timur (to Clavijo's face) a \"thief and a bad man\", and his ambassadors were seated below the Spaniards. Clavijo's visit to Samarkand allowed him to report to the European audience on the news from Cathay (China), which few Europeans had been able to visit directly in the century that had passed since the travels of Marco Polo. Clavijo's account reported, even if in a garbled form, on the recent civil war between the descendants of the Hongwu Emperor. The Spanish were able to talk to some of the Chinese visitors, and learned about the caravan routes between Samarkand and Cambalu (Beijing). Besides telling the European readers about the Cathayan capital Cambalu, which he was told was \"the largest city in the world\", and the mighty armies of that country, Clavijo also—mistakenly—reported that the new emperor of Cathay had converted to Catholicism. Thus his report served as one of the factors supporting the European belief in the widespread presence of Christianity in Cathay, which was to persist until the early 17th century and to be one of the reasons for sending the famed Bento de Góis expedition in 1603. Timur died in 1405, and his son Shah Rukh continued to campaign against the Ottomans, creating hope in the Christian West that the invading Ottoman Empire might be diverted away from Europe. A Bavarian adventurer, Johann Schiltberger, is known to have remained in the service of Timur from 1402 to 1405. Also, numerous Venetian and Genoese traders were active in Sultaniya at that time, since the time of their establishment in Sultaniya under the Il-Khanids. The next contacts between Europe and Persia would be those of the Venetian traveler Niccolo da Conti from 1420 to 1425. Contacts failed to develop much further thereafter, although Spain's desire for rapprochement with the Mongols remained until the time of Christopher Colombus in 1492, whose objective was to reach the Great Khan in China. The story of Tamerlane has a long legacy associated with Orientalism in Europe, with such publications as \"Tamburlaine the Great\" by Christopher Marlowe in 1590, or Handel's opera \"Tamerlano\" in 1724. Timurid relations with Europe Timurid relations with Europe developed in the early 15th century, as the Turco-Mongol ruler Timur (Tamerlane) and European monarchs attempted to operate a rapprochement against the expansionist Ottoman Empire. Although the Timurid Mongols had been"
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"2011–12 Golden State Warriors season The 2011–12 Golden State Warriors season was the 66th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the 50th anniversary of their time in the San Francisco Bay Area. The Warriors hired former NBA player and ESPN color commentator Mark Jackson as their head coach during the lockout, and finished with a 23-43 win-loss record. As of 2018, this is the last time the Warriors failed to qualify for the playoffs. Due to the 2011 NBA lockout negotiations, the programmed preseason schedule, along with the first two weeks of the regular season, were scrapped, and a two-game preseason was set for each team once the lockout concluded. 2011–12 Golden State Warriors season The 2011–12 Golden State Warriors season was the 66th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the 50th anniversary of their time in the San Francisco Bay Area. The Warriors hired former NBA player and ESPN color commentator Mark Jackson as their head coach during the lockout, and finished with a 23-43 win-loss record. As of 2018, this is the last time the Warriors failed to qualify for the playoffs. Due to the 2011 NBA lockout"
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"Lennox Bridge, Glenbrook The Lennox Bridge, Glenbrook is a heritage-listed road bridge at Mitchells Pass, Glenbrook, City of Blue Mountains, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by David Lennox and built from 1832 to 1833 by James Randall and other convicts. It is also known as Lennox Bridge or The Horseshoe Bridge. The property is owned by Blue Mountains City Council. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999. The stone arch bridge is a single arch of span and above water level, with a road width of . And on 1 October 1832, only seven weeks after his arrival in the colony, Lennox was appointed (subject to London's confirmation) Sub-Inspector of Bridges in New South Wales. His first task was to plan and organise the spanning of Lapstone Creek on Mitchell's Pass. By early November 1832, he and his selected twenty convicts; with suitable experience had opened a quarry near the creek, had cut a number of stone blocks and were ready to start building operations. The design called for a horseshoe shape to give optimum strength. By March 1833, the experimental bridge was so far advanced that Mitchell had to decide what should be carved on the keystones. He agreed that on the upstream side (the south side), the inscription should commemorate the man he had chosen so percipiently, so the masons carved \"DAVID LENNOX\", while on the north side they carved \"AD 1833\". There has been weathering on the south side but the AD1833 stone is still in very good condition. Lennox Bridge, opened in 1833, is the oldest surviving stone arch bridge on the Australian mainland. It crosses Brookside Creek (also known as Lapstone Creek) on the road known as Mitchells Pass. It replaced an earlier crossing of the creek further south, which today survives as a walking track. A nearby quarry is thought to have been created for the purpose of providing stone for the bridge. A small crack appeared beside the arch but Lennox advised against taking any remedial action. The bridge remained very robust and carried increasingly heavy traffic as the Great Road to the West became busier. The success of the railway after 1867 diverted much transport business away from the road until the twentieth century and advent of the motor-car. Mitchell's Pass began to bear more traffic than was comfortable for Lenox Bridge, although the conversion of Knapsack Viaduct from a trail line to a road bridge in 1926 opened a new road route up the Monocline and at last diverted much of the traffic from Mitchells Pass. Mitchell's road continued to be used, however, and by 1975 it was plain that substantial works were necessary to secure the safety of Lennox Bridge. Restoration works took place in 1976. The bridge served the main route to the Blue Mountains for 93 years until 1926, when the Great Western Highway was re-routed via the Knapsack Viaduct. It was closed in 1967 but later strengthened and repaired with an internal concrete structure and it re-opened in 1982. Lennox Bridge spans the deep gully of Lapstone Creek at the head of the steepest part of Mitchell's Pass. The foundations are on bedrock, with the water running through a channel cut by Lennox's convicts in the bed of the creek. The bridge is quite small, with a span of only 20 feet (6 metres). The single arch is built of ashlared stone blocks mortared together. The arch on the south side has a keystone bearing the inscription \"DAVID LENNOX\", on the north side, \"AD 1833\", the packing of the bridge to either hand of the main ashlared section is of coursed rubble revetments, making the total length of the bridge carriageway of almost 47 feet (15 metres). The stone parapets are laid above a projecting plinth which begins just above the keystones. The area between the curve of the arch and the horizontal carriageway was packed with small rubble stone. There was originally a damp-proof lime-mortar course above the vaulting, but this, together with most of the packing, was removed when the bridge was stripped back to the arch in 1976. During these repairs new concrete supports were inserted to bear the weight of a new carriageway utilising steel girders to take the traffic then still using Mitchell's Pass. These changes arc not visible, but the insertion of new blocks of stone and repairs to existing blocks on the main arch are legible. The original stone-cut channel for the creek still exists but is obscured by a concrete channel poured within Lennox's work during the 1976 repairs. Since Mitchell's Pass ceased to take the heavy traffic over the Mountains, via the former Knapsack Railway Viaduct, the road is now one-way only downhill from Lennox Bridge and the traffic is largely for tourist purposes. There is a small amount of car-parking space beside the bridge and a concrete stairwell and path down to the creek on the west side. The visitor can safely walk under the bridge obtain the most attractive views. As at 28 November 2013, the physical condition is good. The bridge retains a high degree of original fabric. 1976 restorations do not detract from the significance of the built heritage item. The road was closed, the carriageway removed and the bridge stripped down to its bare stone arch in 1976. The Department of Main Roads decided that the stress had to be removed from the original arch and reconstructed the carriageway so that it was supported on two new concrete walls and borne on horizontal steel girders. With other repairs to the stonework and to the channel for the creek under the bridge, the road was reopened in 1976 with the new work largely concealed from view. With much reduced traffic flow and the road to the plains from the bridge made on-way only (downhill) Lennox Bridge continues to serve as the oldest stone bridge on the Australian Mainland.. As at 28 November 2013, Lennox Bridge is the oldest stone bridge on the Australian mainland. It commands significance respect as the design of a newly arrived Scottish stone-mason, David Lennox, handpicked by the percipient Surveyor General Thomas Mitchell and as the work of some twenty diligent, efficient, tightly supervised and technically able convicts. It was a necessary part of the road communications between Sydney and the West for over a century and proved remarkably durable. Its historical significance is augmented by its aesthetic and technical values. The original bridge, on a horseshoe curve, was daring, experimental and remarkably attractive; despite significant restoration work in 1976 the structure has retained a high degree of its original fabric and is in good condition. The work did not detracted from the aesthetic and technical values inherit in the design and fabric of the bridge. It has State Significance as the oldest bridge permitting vehicle transport on a route essential to the state's development. Lennox Bridge, Blaxland was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria. The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales. Lennox Bridge is the oldest stone bridge on the Australian mainland. It commands respect as the design of a newly arrived Scottish stone-mason handpicked by the percipient Surveyor General Thomas Mitchell and as the work of some twenty diligent, efficient, tightly supervised and technically able convicts. It was necessary part of the road communications between Sydney and the West for over a century and proved remarkably durable. It has State Significance as the oldest bridge permitting vehicle transport on a route essential to the state's development. The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history. David Lennox was born at Ayr, in Scotland in 1788. At forty-five years of age Lennox began service under Major Mitchell. Prior to arriving in the Colony he had spent seventeen years on",
"of a newly arrived Scottish stone-mason handpicked by the percipient Surveyor General Thomas Mitchell and as the work of some twenty diligent, efficient, tightly supervised and technically able convicts. It was necessary part of the road communications between Sydney and the West for over a century and proved remarkably durable. It has State Significance as the oldest bridge permitting vehicle transport on a route essential to the state's development. The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history. David Lennox was born at Ayr, in Scotland in 1788. At forty-five years of age Lennox began service under Major Mitchell. Prior to arriving in the Colony he had spent seventeen years on public works executed at the expense of the British Government. During this time he constructed a number of wooden bridges associated with the Gloucester-Berkeley Canal and a stone bridge near Gloucester. In 1832, two years after the death of his wife, Lennox arrived on the Colony on the \"Florentia\". Not long after his arrival, he was discovered by Major Mitchell. On October 1, 1832, following the review of his credentials, Lennox was appointed to the Roads Department as the Sub-Inspector of Bridges. Within six weeks of his appointment Lennox and his men had cut most of the stone and procured lime for mortar. By July 1833, the bridge was' complete, The success of Lennox's design is demonstrated through its on-going stability and continued use, Major restoration 3l1d safety improvement work was not required until the 1950s. Lennox Bridge is also associated with at least twenty convicts, an overseer, a constable and an armed sentry that worked on the site between October 1832 and July 1833, the construction gang worked from 7am to 4pm, when they returned to their stockade at Emu Plains. The work involved stone cutting and setting, carpentry and masonry required to construct the bridge. Following completion of the bridge Lennox requested to retain the: services of eight convicts: William Brady, John Carsons, Robert Hyams, John Johnson, Patrick Malowney (Maloney), Thomas Nelson, James Randall and Daniel Williams. The sentences of six of the eight convicts were remitted. The remaining two were reduced after a further six months of work. The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales. The original bridge, on a horse-shoe curve, was daring, experimental and remarkably attractive, The stonework has been restored some infelicities have been allowed on the revetment and the changes made in 1976 by introducing concrete to the stone-cut water channel beneath the bridge are unpleasing but David Lennox's concept for the bridge of a very pretty small gorge remains aesthetically pleasing. The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales. The bridge was carried on a single semi-circular stone arch of ten feet radius. The roadway was thirty feet wide at the crown of the arch and the same height above the bed or the gully. After bearing over one hundred and seventy years of traffic and one major restoration still stands stable. The bridge is a very fine example of the work of David Lennox and represents the first scientifically constructed stone arched bridge of its magnitude In Australia. The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales. Lennox Bridge is exceptionally rare. No other bridges of similar age or design have survived on the Australian mainland. The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or natural places/environments in New South Wales. Lennox Bridge is the oldest scientifically constructed stone arch bridge on the Australian mainland. Having gained his bridge construction experience before arriving in the colony it is highly representative of the techniques used to construct stone bridges at the time in England. Lennox Bridge, Glenbrook The Lennox Bridge, Glenbrook is a heritage-listed road bridge at Mitchells Pass, Glenbrook, City of Blue Mountains, New South"
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"Central Luzon Crusaders The Central Luzon Crusaders is a Philippine rugby league team based in Indang, Cavite. They play in the Philippines National Rugby League Championship. The Central Luzon Crusaders was established in 2013 as the Indang Rebels. The rugby league team was established by expatriate students from Papua New Guinea attending higher education institutions in the Philippines.For three years the Rebels competed at the annual Papua New Guinea Independence day competition at the Adventist University of the Philippines. In Late 2015, Marc Leabres contacted, four out of the six teams, the Indang Rebels, PerSouth Brothers, Recto Royals, and the United Vikings which were participating at the PNG Independence day tournaments looking for a team to sponsor to be part of the Philippines National Rugby League Championship. Leabres is a Filipino-Australian who works as a \"performance analyst\" with the Cronulla Sharks of the NRL looking to develop rugby league in the Philippines. Only the Indang Rebels responded to Leabres' offer The name of the team was changed to \"Central Luzon Crusaders\" by Leabres as a homage to his family's home region of Central Luzon and the Clark City Crusaders, a Filipino-Australian team he played for at the Zambalez 9's which was organized by the Philippines National Rugby League. Asa Gorden one of the founding Papuan New Guinean students remarked that the \"Rebels\" name had \"nothing special\" and was satisfied of the prospect of joining the national rugby league and promoting the sport in the country. The team will participate at the finals of the 2016 Philippines National Rugby League Championship. Central Luzon Crusaders The Central Luzon Crusaders is a Philippine rugby league team based in Indang, Cavite. They play in the Philippines National Rugby League Championship. The Central Luzon Crusaders was established in 2013 as the Indang Rebels. The rugby"
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"Quiçama Quiçama (Portuguese spelling), Kissama or Kisama (Bantu spelling) is one of the seven \"municípios\" (city council or municipality) that make up the province of Luanda, as per the new administrative division of the province (the others being, Luanda, Belas, Cazenga, Cacuaco, Viana and Icolo e Bengo). It covers an area of and its estimated population as of 2006 is 29,905 inhabitants. The municipal seat is the village of Muxima. Quiçama is bordered to the north by the municipalities of Viana and Icolo e Bengo, to the east by the municipalities of Cambambe, Libolo and Quibala, to the south by the municipalities of Quilenda and Porto Amboim, and to the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Part of the municipality is occupied by the Quiçama National Park (). The municipality of Quiçama is made up of four \"comunas\" (communes), as follows: Quiçama Quiçama (Portuguese spelling), Kissama or Kisama (Bantu spelling) is one of the seven \"municípios\" (city council or municipality) that make up the province of Luanda, as per the new administrative division of the province (the others being, Luanda, Belas, Cazenga, Cacuaco, Viana and Icolo e Bengo). It covers an area of and its estimated population as of 2006 is"
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"Christoph Loch Christoph Loch is the Director (Dean) of Cambridge Judge Business School at the University of Cambridge. Professor Loch took office on 1 September 2011, having previously held the position of GlaxoSmithKline Chaired Professor of Corporate Innovation and Professor of Technology and Operations Management at INSEAD, where he also served as Dean of the INSEAD PhD programme from 2006-2009. He is associate editor of the \"Journal of Management Science\", and he serves on the editorial boards of the \"Journal of Engineering and Technology Management\" and the \"Journal of Research Technology Management\". Loch holds a PhD in business from the Graduate School of Business at Stanford University, an MBA from the University of Tennessee, and a Diplom-Wirtschaftsingenieur degree from the Darmstadt University of Technology. Christoph Loch Christoph Loch is the Director (Dean) of Cambridge Judge Business School at the University of Cambridge. Professor Loch took office on 1 September 2011, having previously held the position of GlaxoSmithKline Chaired Professor of Corporate Innovation and Professor of Technology and Operations Management at INSEAD, where he also served as Dean of the INSEAD PhD programme from 2006-2009. He is associate editor of the \"Journal of Management Science\", and he serves on the editorial"
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"Mattawoman (plantation) Mattawoman was an 18th-century plantation on Mattawoman Creek in Charles County, Maryland, United States. Mattawoman was the country estate of Colonel William Eilbeck, a wealthy planter and merchant, and his wife Sarah Edgar. On 4 April 1750, Colonel Eilbeck's only child, 16-year-old Ann, married George Mason at Mattawoman. Mason's father's plantation, where Mason spent several years of his childhood, adjoined Mattawoman. George Mason bequeathed Mattawoman and all his lands upon Chicamuxen and Mattawoman creeks to his son William Mason. At age 23 in 1780, Mason's eldest son George Mason V inherited Mattawoman from his maternal grandmother, Sarah Eilbeck. Mason inherited his father's properties upon his death in 1792. Mattawoman (plantation) Mattawoman was an 18th-century plantation on Mattawoman Creek in Charles County, Maryland, United States. Mattawoman was the country estate of Colonel William Eilbeck, a wealthy planter and merchant, and his wife Sarah Edgar. On 4 April 1750, Colonel Eilbeck's only child, 16-year-old Ann, married George Mason at Mattawoman. Mason's father's plantation, where Mason spent several years of his childhood, adjoined Mattawoman. George Mason bequeathed Mattawoman and all his lands upon Chicamuxen and Mattawoman creeks to his son William Mason. At age 23 in 1780, Mason's eldest son George"
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"Java Card Java Card refers to a software technology that allows Java-based applications (applets) to be run securely on smart cards and similar small memory footprint devices. Java Card is the tiniest of Java platforms targeted for embedded devices. Java Card gives the user the ability to program the devices and make them application specific. It is widely used in SIM cards (used in GSM mobile phones) and ATM cards. The first Java Card was introduced in 1996 by Schlumberger's card division which later merged with Gemplus to form Gemalto. Java Card products are based on the Java Card Platform specifications developed by Sun Microsystems (later a subsidiary of Oracle Corporation). Many Java card products also rely on the GlobalPlatform specifications for the secure management of applications on the card (download, installation, personalization, deletion). The main design goals of the Java Card technology are portability and security. Java Card aims at defining a standard smart card computing environment allowing the same Java Card applet to run on different smart cards, much like a Java applet runs on different computers. As in Java, this is accomplished using the combination of a virtual machine (the Java Card Virtual Machine), and a well-defined runtime library, which largely abstracts the applet from differences between smart cards. Portability remains mitigated by issues of memory size, performance, and runtime support (e.g. for communication protocols or cryptographic algorithms). Java Card technology was originally developed for the purpose of securing sensitive information stored on smart cards. Security is determined by various aspects of this technology: At the language level, Java Card is a precise subset of Java: all language constructs of Java Card exist in Java and behave identically. This goes to the point that as part of a standard build cycle, a Java Card program is compiled into a Java class file by a Java compiler; the class file is post-processed by tools specific to the Java Card platform. However, many Java language features are not supported by Java Card (in particular types char, double, float and long; the codice_1 qualifier; enums; arrays of more than one dimension; finalization; object cloning; threads). Further, some common features of Java are not provided at runtime by many actual smart cards (in particular type codice_2, which is the default type of a Java expression; and garbage collection of objects). Java Card bytecode run by the Java Card Virtual Machine is a functional subset of Java 2 bytecode run by a standard Java Virtual Machine but with a different encoding to optimize for size. A Java Card applet thus typically uses less bytecode than the hypothetical Java applet obtained by compiling the same Java source code. This conserves memory, a necessity in resource constrained devices like smart cards. As a design tradeoff, there is no support for some Java language features (as mentioned above), and size limitations. Techniques exist for overcoming the size limitations, such as dividing the application's code into packages below the 64 KiB limit. Standard Java Card class library and runtime support differs a lot from that in Java, and the common subset is minimal. For example, the Java Security Manager class is not supported in Java Card, where security policies are implemented by the Java Card Virtual Machine; and transients (non-persistent, fast RAM variables that can be class members) are supported via a Java Card class library, while they have native language support in Java. The Java Card runtime and virtual machine also support features that are specific to the Java Card platform: Coding techniques used in a practical Java Card program differ significantly from that used in a Java program. Still, that Java Card uses a precise subset of the Java language speeds up the learning curve, and enables using a Java environment to develop and debug a Java Card program (caveat: even if debugging occurs with Java bytecode, make sure that the class file fits the limitation of Java Card language by converting it to Java Card bytecode; and test in a real Java Card smart card early on to get an idea of the performance); further, one can run and debug both the Java Card code for the application to be embedded in a smart card, and a Java application that will be in the host using the smart card, all working jointly in the same environment. Oracle has released several Java Card platform specifications and is providing SDK tools for application development. Usually smart card vendors implement just a subset of algorithms specified in Java Card platform target and the only way to discover what subset of specification is implemented is to test the card. The version 3.0 of the Java Card specification (draft released in March 2008) is separated in two editions: the \"Classic Edition\" and the \"Connected Edition\". Java Card Java"
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"Murder House (American Horror Story) \"Murder House\" is the third episode of the of the television series \"American Horror Story\", which premiered on the network FX on October 19, 2011. The episode was written by Jennifer Salt and directed by Bradley Buecker. This episode is rated TV-MA (LSV). In the episode, Ben (Dylan McDermott) is paid a visit by an upset Hayden (Kate Mara), who demands he tell his wife the truth. Vivien (Connie Britton) learns about the house's former residents: a crazed surgeon, Charles Montgomery (Matt Ross), and wife, Nora (Lily Rabe), who provided illegal abortions in their basement, until their bitter marriage mysteriously ended. Kate Mara guest stars as Hayden McClaine. In 1922, Charles Montgomery (Matt Ross) was a surgeon to the stars, who fell on hard times. After developing an addiction to anesthesia he began to conduct Frankenstein-like experiments in his spare time. His socialite wife, Nora (Lily Rabe), is disappointed by the austerity they must practice due to his lack of funds. In 1925, the couple argue about money in front of their infant son Thaddeus. Nora informs Charles that bill collectors have come once again and she is tired of it. She demands that Charles see a young starlet, named Dorothy Hudson (Abbie Cobb), and perform an abortion on her. Dorothy gives Nora $60, and Nora drugs her and ushers her into the basement. It is stated that Charles performed at least two dozen other illegal abortions by 1926. Eventually the father of one of the aborted fetuses exacts revenge by kidnapping, murdering and dismembering Thaddeus. After the pieces of the child are delivered to the Montgomerys, Charles uses his abilities and other body parts to reconstruct it into a monster to the horror of Nora. Disgusted with what has become of her and her family, Nora shoots Charles and then herself. A young Moira (Alexandra Breckenridge) is cleaning the house when Constance's (Jessica Lange) husband Hugo (Eric Close) makes sexual advances towards her. Moira rebuffs him and expresses regret over a previous sexual encounter the two had. However, Hugo ignores her and forces himself on her anyway. Constance finds them and before either can protest, she shoots them both and collapses in tears. The Harmons' finances take a blow, making moving impractical. However, Vivien (Connie Britton) continues to pressure Marcy (Christine Estabrook) to make the house marketable. Moira (Frances Conroy) walks in on Constance stealing from the house, and Constance mocks an angry Moira for being trapped in the house. Meanwhile, Ben (Dylan McDermott) falls asleep during an appointment with Sally Freeman (Adina Porter), and wakes up in the yard with bloody hands, having dug a hole, but has no memory of the rest of the appointment or how he got there. Ben returns to the house to find a young Moira cleaning blood from the floor. While he looks for his tape recorder from the appointment, Moira continues to sexually harass him, and he threatens to fire her. Violet witnesses this. Ben is unable to convince Vivien about Moira's sexual advances, and Moira threatens to sue if they try to fire her without just cause. Hayden (Kate Mara) surprises Ben when she appears on his doorstep. She announces that she is keeping the baby and moving nearby, and that she is going to tell Vivien about the pregnancy so they can continue their affair. They are interrupted by Detective Colquitt, who asks Ben about Sally's disappearance, but Ben insists that he knows nothing. Vivien notices a horror tour bus stop outside the house and takes the tour herself. She begins to bleed after learning about Charles and Nora, the house's original owners, who provided illegal abortions in their basement to pay their bills, until their bitter marriage ended in murder. Worried that she is miscarrying again, Vivien runs into the house. At Dr. Hall's office, Vivien explains that the bleeding stopped when she returned to the house. She also adds that she and her family are planning on moving. The doctor assures Vivien that the baby is fine, but advises that the stress of moving could cause a miscarriage. While jogging Ben encounters Larry (Denis O'Hare), who asks for money. When Ben returns home he blacks out again, and wakes up next to a shovel in the same spot in the yard. As he begins to dig, Constance encourages him to stay with the house and to build something over that spot. Vivien tries to sell the house and unknowingly interacts with Nora's ghost, who vanishes while touring the house. Colquitt returns to the house and confronts Ben about Sally reappearing after a suicide attempt, and he takes out Ben's tape recorder to play a recording of the rest of the appointment after Ben zoned out, during which she threatened suicide and stole the recorder from his office. Ben insists that he did not provide more information to Colquitt earlier before because of doctor-patient confidentiality, and Colquitt leaves. Meanwhile, Vivien and Violet (Taissa Farmiga) look for apartments, but Violet is frustrated with her parents' decision to leave the new house, and threatens to run away where she will never be found. Dr. Hall calls Ben to inform him that she found traces of an opiate that causes memory loss. Ben confronts Moira, and accuses her of spiking his coffee with the opiate. Hayden appears, unhinged and frantic over the fact that Ben has ignored her. When Ben takes Hayden outside to calm her down, Larry appears and strikes her with a shovel, killing her. Ben is horrified, but Larry convinces him that getting rid of the body is the best thing to do. Larry finishes digging the hole, at the bottom of which are Moira's remains, and buries Hayden over them. Ben builds a gazebo over the spot. Watching this, Constance taunts Moira, telling her that now she is stuck in the house forever. The ghost of Nora watches Vivien sleep and reaches out towards her newly-pregnant stomach. The episode was written by co-executive producer Jennifer Salt, and directed by editor Bradley Buecker. Rotten Tomatoes reports a 67% approval rating, based on 6 reviews. Matt Fowler, in his review for IGN, gave the episode an overall score of 7.5, stating that, \"\"Murder House\" took a bit of a step backwards from the forward momentum we got in \"Home Invasion\", but it still offered up some wickedly puzzling frights and gave us all a new past atrocity to mull over.\" Todd VanDerWerff from \"The A.V. Club\" gave the episode a D+ grade, and said that \"American Horror Story\" is \"a terrible, messed-up television show. And yet by doing virtually everything horribly, it becomes preposterously entertaining.\" In its original American broadcast, the third episode of \"American Horror Story\" was seen by an estimated 2.58 million household viewers and gained a 1.5 ratings share among adults aged 18–49, according to Nielsen Media Research. The episode rose a tenth from the previous episode. Murder House (American Horror Story) \"Murder House\" is the third episode of the of the television series \"American Horror Story\", which premiered on the network FX on October 19, 2011. The episode was written by Jennifer Salt and directed by Bradley Buecker. This episode"
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"Tatra 10 The NW type U is an Edwardian era automobile manufactured by Nesselsdorfer Wagenbau-Fabriks-Gesellschaft A.G. (NW, now known as Tatra). After the success of Type S, models NW T (four-cylinder) and NW U (six-cylinder) were launched. Both types were again OHC design with hemispherical combustion chambers with the cylinders cast in one piece with the engine block. As the company changed its name the model was renamed to Tatra 10 in 1919. The production version was able to reach . The Type U was fitted with brakes on all four wheels, probably the first production car in the world with such brake system. Tatra 10 The NW type U is an Edwardian era automobile manufactured by Nesselsdorfer Wagenbau-Fabriks-Gesellschaft A.G. (NW, now known as Tatra). After the success of Type S, models NW T (four-cylinder) and NW U (six-cylinder) were launched. Both types were again OHC design with hemispherical combustion chambers with the cylinders cast in one piece with the engine block. As the company changed its name the model was renamed to Tatra 10 in 1919. The production version was able to reach . The Type U was fitted with brakes on all four wheels, probably the first production"
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"Rahimah Rahim (singer, born 1992) Rahimah Fayaz (born April 9, 1992) is a Singaporean student and singer from Leicester. She became widely known after her appearance on Singapore Idol, a TV singing competition modelled after the TV shows Pop Idol and American Idol. Singapore Idol is a production of MediaCorp TV, a television and radio production company in Singapore which also produces the news station, Channel NewsAsia. During her appearances on Singapore Idol, she sang songs including 'Guji Guji Kemcho Saru che Haru che', Unwritten by Natasha Bedingfield, Don't Speak by No Doubt and Breakaway by Kelly Clarkson. She was voted off the show on August 10, 2006, right before the theme of Rock The House. She was quoted as saying that she wanted 'very badly to sing in her mother tongue' and that 'they [the other contestants] were about to have Rock The House without the Rocker Chick' upon her departure. She also left behind her signature glove as a memento to the other contestants. She cites her favourite singers as Amy Lee from Evanescence, The Cranberries, Alanis Morissette, Michelle Branch, Kelly Clarkson, Shakira, Linkin Park, Scorpions, and Agnes Monica from Indonesia. She is known for her loud voice and freestyled hair, which she cuts herself. Rahima pulled out from the last episode of \"Wish Upon A Star\", saying that she wishes to spend more time in recording her solo album She has also opted not to be part of the 2007 New Year's Countdown at VivoCity becease of this. Rahima had her name changed slightly (with the extra \"h\" being removed) to avoid confusion between her and veteran singer Rahimah Rahim (who happens to be her distant aunt). Rahimah Rahim (singer, born 1992) Rahimah Fayaz (born April 9, 1992) is a Singaporean student and singer from Leicester. She"
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"Gregory VI of Cilicia Gregory VI of Cilicia (; also Gregory VI Apiratsi or Grigor VI Apirat) was the Catholicos of the Armenian Church from 1194 to 1203, located in Sis. In 1198, he proclaimed a union between Rome and the Armenian Church. Gregory VI was a nephew of Gregory III of Cilicia and Nerses IV the Gracious. He was favorable to the Latins and had been nominated by Prince Levon I of Armenia (the future King Levon I), because of the need of an alliance. This election created a schism in the Armenian Church however, and a rival anti-patriarch was elected in Greater Armenia. Gregory's announcement of union was not followed in deeds however, as the local clergy and populace was strongly opposed to it. When Levon, Lord of Cilicia, asked to the Pope and to the Emperor that he be recognized as king, the condition was that the Armenian Church should join the Roman rite. He formally accepted the union, but this again was without effect as the Armenian clergy was strongly opposed to it, and never accepted the doctrine of the double nature of Christ. Gregory VI crowned him King of Armenia in 1198/1199 and the Cilician Armenian kingdom began. Gregory VI of Cilicia Gregory VI of Cilicia (; also Gregory VI Apiratsi or Grigor VI Apirat) was the Catholicos of the Armenian Church from 1194 to 1203, located in Sis. In 1198, he proclaimed a union between Rome and the Armenian Church. Gregory VI was a nephew of Gregory III of Cilicia and Nerses IV the Gracious. He was favorable to the Latins and had been nominated by Prince Levon I of Armenia (the future King Levon I), because of the need of an alliance. This election created a schism in the Armenian Church however, and"
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"Pierre Le Gros the Younger Pierre Le Gros (12 April 1666 – 3 May 1719) was a French sculptor, active almost exclusively in Baroque Rome. Nowadays, his name is commonly written Legros, while he himself always signed as Le Gros; he is frequently referred to either as 'the Younger' or 'Pierre II' to distinguish him from his father, Pierre Le Gros the Elder, who was also a sculptor. The \"ardent drama\" of his work and its Italian location make him more an Italian, than a French, sculptor. Despite being virtually unknown to the general public today, he was the pre-eminent sculptor in Rome for nearly two decades, until he was finally superseded at the end of his life by the more classicizing Camillo Rusconi. Le Gros was born in Paris into a family with a strong artistic pedigree. Jeanne, his mother, died when he was only three, but he stayed in close contact with her brothers, the sculptors Gaspard and Balthazard Marsy, whose workshop he frequented and eventually inherited at the age of fifteen. His artistic training, though, lay in the hands of his father, from whom he learned to sculpt, and his stepmother's father, Jean Le Pautre, who taught him to draw. Le Gros was awarded the prestigious Prix de Rome to study at the French Academy in Rome, where he renewed his close friendship with his cousin Pierre Lepautre, also a sculptor and fellow at the Academy. His lodging there from 1690–95 was a fruitful time but not untroubled, since the academy was plagued by a constant financial crisis due to the high cost of Louis XIV's wars. The premises then were also a rather ramshackle affair and far from the grandeur the academy would later enjoy after a move to the Villa Medici in the 19th century. Keen to prove himself by carving a marble copy after the antique, Le Gros was eventually granted permission to do so by the director of the academy and his superior in Paris. His model was the so-called \"Vetturia\", an ancient sculpture then in the garden of the Villa Medici in Rome (today in the Loggia dei Lanzi in Florence). Finished in 1695, it was finally shipped to Paris some twenty years later and now stands in the Tuileries Garden. (Long after Le Gros' death it elicited a discussion among academics, whether a modern copy could surpass an antique original — a consciously-expressed aim since the 16th century. This debate relates back to the literary Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns of the late seventeenth century. It was also suggested that a sculptor ambitious to exceed the ancients might improve his chances by selecting a mediocre antiquity, as Le Gros had done. His version was greatly admired in the later 18th century and still rated a \"copie valant presque un original\" in 1852 by Edmond Texier, who then called it a \"Vénus silencieuse\".) The same year 1695, Le Gros was ejected from the Academy after secretly preparing a model for a marble group on the altar of Saint Ignatius of Loyola in the Gesù, the Roman mother church of the Jesuit Order. In this most prestigious sculptural commission in Rome for decades, Le Gros was chosen to depict \"Religion Overthrowing Heresy and Hatred\" on the right hand side of the altar, using a dynamic ensemble of four over-lifesize marble figures (according to an overall design by the Jesuit painter and architect Andrea Pozzo). In the group, a towering young robed female figure of Religion wielding a cross scatters the aged personifications of the vices Hatred (represented by an old woman) and Heresy (a man falling over the edge of the architectural framework into the viewer's space). To one side, a putto tears apart a volume by the heretic Swiss reformer Zwingli, while a tome beneath the figure of Heresy bears Luther's name. In 1697, with his sculptures nearly complete, he won a competition for the altar's main image, the silver statue of \"St. Ignatius\". (Ready in time for the Holy Year 1700, all this work remains on the site for which it was intended.) These, and other commissions he carried out concurrently, secured Le Gros's reputation, and further patronage led to the requirement for assistants and a larger workshop, which he found in a back wing of the Palazzo Farnese. Indeed, he was the busiest sculptor in Rome at the time, working for the Jesuits on the monumental relief of the \"Apotheosis of the Blessed Aloysius Gonzaga\" (1697–99; Cappella Lancelotti, church of Sant'Ignazio, Rome) while at the same time starting his extensive work for the Dominicans with the \"Sarcophagus for Pope Pius V\" (1697–98) in Santa Maria Maggiore. In fact, he became (and was to remain for the rest of his life) the sculptor of choice for Antonin Cloche, the Master of the Dominicans, carving first the tomb (1700–1703), and later the honorary statue (1706–1708) of \"Cardinal Casanate\" (in the Lateran Basilica and the Biblioteca Casanatense respectively) and embarking on the task to produce with his \"Saint Dominic\" (1702–1706) the very first (and for decades the only) monumental statue of a founder of a religious order to adorn a niche in the nave of Saint Peter's. It epitomises his dynamic mature style: \"the saint's ardour and authority are well conveyed, emphasized by the ample, skilfully handled sweep of his draperies\" (Levey). Already elected a member of the Accademia di San Luca in 1700, Le Gros also continued to be employed by several branches of the Jesuit order for work such as the statue of \"St Francis Xavier\" in the Roman church of Sant'Apollinare (1702) and the tableau-like and very effective rendering of the \"Dying Stanislas Kostka\" in the Jesuit novitiate at Sant'Andrea al Quirinale. The latter statue in polychrome marble is today Le Gros's best-known work, but quite atypical, since his normal practice was to provoke naturalistic impressions by an extraordinarily fine surface treatment of a monochrome white marble. A few months earlier, he was commissioned to carve relief of \"Tobiah and Gabael\" (1702–1705) for the chapel of the Monte di Pietà in Rome. At some point after 1697, he was hired by Cardinal de Bouillon to create the main sculptural components for his family tomb in the Abbey of Cluny; Le Gros's work was completed by 1707 and sent to Cluny, where it arrived in 1709. Le Gros is here as French as he would ever be and invented a spectacular sepulchral monument, at once continuing in the French baroque tradition and opening up new formal as well as iconological avenues. Alas, it was never to have any part in the development of tomb sculpture, because it was not even unpacked in Cluny, due to the fact that Bouillon so completely fell out with his cousin, the Sun King, that all tomb construction was stopped and the marbles and bronzes stored, undisturbed in their sealed crates, for nearly a century. The animated marble figures of the cardinal's parents, Frédéric-Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne and his wife, together with a \"Battle Relief\" and a winged \"Genius\" are today installed at the Hôtel-Dieu in Cluny, a fragment of the heraldic \"Tower\" in a granary of the abbey. Le Gros also participated in the major sculptural program of his day in Rome, the enterprise to fill Borromini's colossal coloured marble niches in the Basilica of St. John Lateran with twelve heroic-scaled figures of the Apostles. This project employed some of the most prominent sculptors of Rome who were, however, made to follow the guidelines and in most cases drawings, of the all influential painter Carlo Maratta. Le Gros contributed \"Saint Bartholomew\" (c. 1703-12) who displays his own flayed skin and \"Saint Thomas\" (c. 1703-11). The terracotta model for \"Saint Thomas\" is radically different from the marble eventually produced and proves that in the initial phase of the project Le Gros tried to challenge the imposed sober, classicising style of Maratta with a powerful baroque gesture that clearly refers back to Gianlorenzo Bernini. As the overall unity of all the Apostle statues in the Lateran church was of paramount importance, this, in effect, was Le Gros' attempt",
"twelve heroic-scaled figures of the Apostles. This project employed some of the most prominent sculptors of Rome who were, however, made to follow the guidelines and in most cases drawings, of the all influential painter Carlo Maratta. Le Gros contributed \"Saint Bartholomew\" (c. 1703-12) who displays his own flayed skin and \"Saint Thomas\" (c. 1703-11). The terracotta model for \"Saint Thomas\" is radically different from the marble eventually produced and proves that in the initial phase of the project Le Gros tried to challenge the imposed sober, classicising style of Maratta with a powerful baroque gesture that clearly refers back to Gianlorenzo Bernini. As the overall unity of all the Apostle statues in the Lateran church was of paramount importance, this, in effect, was Le Gros' attempt to establish himself as the artistic leader of the Eternal City. The attempt failed and the classicising vein of late baroque prevailed. It must have been little consolation that Le Gros, at least, was the only sculptor involved who was not held to work from drawings by Maratta. In 1708–10 he collaborated with his close friend, the architect Filippo Juvarra, in the creation of the Cappella Antamori in the church of San Girolamo della Carità, Rome, where his statue of \"San Filippo Neri\" is set against a large backlit coloured glass window. Between about 1709–13 Le Gros was in charge of the \"Monument of Pope Gregory XV and his cardinal-nephew Ludovico Ludovisi\", again in the church of Sant'Ignazio, where Pierre Monnot was also brought in to sculpt two Famae. 1711–14 followed the Cappella di S. Francesco di Paola in S. Giacomo degl’Incurabili, for which he was the architect and the sculptor of a large relief. But by then, his star had started to decline rapidly. First, he managed to alienate the Jesuits in 1713 by stubbornly repeating his proposal to transfer his own statue of Stanislas Kostka into the church of Sant'Andrea al Quirinale as a centrepiece for the newly decorated chapel of the Blessed Stanislas. Then, all the efforts of French officials to convince their king to pay for another Apostle statue in the Lateran and employ Le Gros to make it, led to nothing. He would finally have to recognise that he was fighting a losing battle against Rusconi, who was by then clearly favoured by Pope Clement XI. In 1714 his father died in Paris and Le Gros himself was close to death's door, suffering from gall stones. In order to have an operation done and also to settle his inheritance, in 1715 the travelled to Paris, where he stayed with his friend, the patron and collector Pierre Crozat, whose \"cabinet\" in his Parisian house and chapel in his country retreat at Montmorency Le Gros decorated (both destroyed). But he was disappointed to be rebuffed by the Académie and returned to Rome in 1716. Here the last sad chapter of his life opened promptly when he sided with some dissidents who opposed the introduction of new rules at the Accademia di San Luca which subjected non-members to great financial injustice, and he was unceremoniously expelled. This meant that he was then unable to carry out any more public commissions in Rome in his own right. The rich Roman art market was effectively closed for him and he had to settle for a few works outside, namely some statues for the Benedictine abbey at Monte Cassino (after the heavy bombing in World War II, only his \"Emperor Henry II\" shows a reasonable degree of authenticity after restoration) and, without doubt due to the intervention of Juvarra who was by then architect to the Duke of Savoy, two female saints for the church of S. Cristina in Turin (now in Turin Cathedral). Embittered, Le Gros died from pneumonia in 1719 and was buried in the French national church in Rome. Only in 1725, under the directorship of the painter Giuseppe Chiari, was he posthumously rehabilitated and reinstated as a member of the Accademia di San Luca. Pierre Le Gros the Younger Pierre Le Gros (12"
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"Hairbangers Ball Hairbangers Ball is an American 80's glam metal tribute band. They were formed in 2001 and have become a popular cover band in the Midwest. They have been booked at numerous city fests, by Major League Baseball Teams, at private events and clubs. The band mirrors the attire of iconic glam metal bands such as Guns and Roses, Mötley Crüe and Poison. Performers wear wigs and heavy eyeliner to mimic the look of these bands. The lead and backup singers frequently interact with the crowd and encourage their participation. According to their website the goal is to deliver a true representation of being at a rock concert in the 1980s. This appeals to Gen X-ers who want to relive their glory days as well as younger audiences who never got to experience it themselves. Hairbangers focuses on perfecting each song in their repertoire to make the experience as similar as possible to watching the original performers., Hairbangers Ball Hairbangers Ball is an American 80's glam metal tribute band. They were formed in 2001 and have become a popular cover band in the Midwest. They have been booked at numerous city fests, by Major League Baseball Teams, at private"
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"Kitakyushu Airport It is the fourth airport in Japan to begin operating 24 hours a day, after New Chitose Airport (Sapporo), Kansai International Airport (Osaka), and Chūbu Centrair International Airport (Nagoya). The former Kitakyushu Airport had restrictions on aircraft operation due to its small size and location, close to mountains and residential areas. Heavy fog often resulted in flight cancellations. There were similar problems at the nearby Fukuoka Airport, which cannot engage in nighttime operations due to proximity to residential areas. A new airport was intended to be free from such problems due to its offshore location, making possible 24-hour operation. Large cargo planes can use the airport, making possible convenient freight movement to and from nearby industrial zones. Toyota has a factory just across the bay from the airport. A committee to promote the construction of the new airport was founded in 1978, with the governor of Fukuoka as chairman. Construction began in October 1994. The new airport was anticipated by residents in and around the cities of Kitakyushu and Shimonoseki. The Kitakyushu municipal government organized bus tours to the construction site for interested citizens in an attempt to defuse controversy over the construction. The airport officially opened on March 16, 2006. The first aircraft to land at the airport was a StarFlyer Airbus on March 26, 2006. The first international flight from Shanghai landed on March 30, 2006. A Korean low-cost carrier, Jeju Air, flew eight charter flights from Kitakyushu to Incheon International Airport in summer 2008. Scheduled service on the route started in March 2009. Several events were held to commemorate the opening of the airport. A marathon was held on February 5, 2006 with half-marathon, 10 kilometre and five kilometre courses to celebrate the opening of the new airport. On June 4, 2006, a rugby game was played at Honjo Stadium between Japan and Tonga as part of the inaugural IRB Pacific 5 Nations series. On August 2, 2006, the one-millionth user of the airport was presented with souvenirs. By July 11, 2007, 3 million passengers had used the airport. The runway is (with a separate taxiway of ), enough to accommodate Boeing 747s and other large jet aircraft. The manmade island on which the airport is built is long and wide (). Due to the island's size and the relative shallowness of the surrounding water, which is about in depth, future expansion is possible. The airline StarFlyer has its head office on the airport property. A 2.1 km toll-free bridge connects the island to the Higashikyūshū Expressway via the Kanda-Kitakyushukūkō interchange. A direct rail link from Kokura Station, away, may be established depending on demand. Airport buses ferry passengers to and from nearby rail stations and bus terminals: Kitakyushu Airport It is the fourth airport in Japan to begin operating 24 hours a day, after New Chitose Airport (Sapporo), Kansai International Airport (Osaka), and Chūbu Centrair International Airport (Nagoya). The former Kitakyushu Airport had restrictions on aircraft operation due to its small size and location,"
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"J-blogosphere J-blogosphere is the name that some members of the Jewish blogging community use to refer to themselves. Blogs with a Jewish focus are called J-blogs. The name \"J-blogosphere\" was coined by Steven I. Weiss when he was the leader of \"Protocols,\" a now defunct group J-blog, and one of the first notable Jewish blogs. Variations on the term were employed there as early as August 2003, and the first use of \"J-blogosphere\" appears to have been made in February 2004. A blog is generally accepted as a \"J-blog\", or part of the \"J-blogosphere\", if the blogger is Jewish and discusses Jewish political, religious, or personal themes. There is no way of knowing exactly how many J-blogs there are, although several have come together to create a Jewish pod on BlogAds. The \"Jewish and Israel Blog Awards\" are the J-blogosphere's informal annual award contest. The aim of the contest is to direct new readers towards Jewish, Israeli, and pro-Israel blogs. The JIBs begin with nominations in January and then a semifinal and final round. Good-natured rivalry and campaigning are associated with this event. The contest was first run in 2004. In 2005 the Jerusalem Post took over hosting duties. In 2006, Israel Forum was invited to host the JIB awards and instead established a new blogging award named The People's Choice Awards. This resulted in the cancellation of the JIBs and The People's Choice Awards running in its place. In 2007, a group of Jewish bloggers formed a committee to run the awards and launched JibAwards.com as the awards site. There have been no Jewish Blog Awards since 2008. The carnival of Jewish blogs is \"Haveil Havalim\", a weekly collection of Jewish & Israeli blog highlights, tidbits and points of interest collected from blogs all around the world. There have been more than 330 editions of Haveil Havelim, and more than 30 different bloggers have hosted. J-blogosphere J-blogosphere is the name that some members of the Jewish blogging community use to refer to themselves. Blogs with a Jewish focus are called J-blogs. The name \"J-blogosphere\" was coined by Steven I. Weiss when he was the leader of \"Protocols,\" a now defunct group J-blog, and one of the first notable Jewish blogs. Variations on the term were employed there as early as August 2003, and the first use of \"J-blogosphere\" appears to have been made in February 2004. A blog is"
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"Ignasi Guardans Ignasi Guardans i Cambó (; born on 18 May 1964 in Barcelona, Catalonia) is a Spanish former politician, currently an independent figure still present in the Spanish media and public opinion. He started his professional career in the academic and legal research at the University of Navarra, specialising in Private International Law. In 1992 he moved back to Barcelona and started teaching at its then main Law School (Facultat de Dret, Universitat de Barcelona). A few years later he joined a law firm as senior associate lawyer, and for some years he mixed his legal practice with the first steps in a political career. In 1995 he was elected to the Catalan Parliament. But after a few months, in March 2004 he run as candidate for the Spanish Parliament, or Congreso delos Diputados, where he would seat for two consecutive terms, 1996-2000 and 2000-2004. He assumed different responsibilities, mostly in the areas of Foreign Affairs, Culture, and Justice & Legal Affairs. During the same period he joined the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and its Committee for Legal Affairs and Human Rights. In 2004 he ran as candidate for the European Parliament, heading a joined candidacy of the main parties from Catalonia, the Basque Country and Galicia called . As a Member of the European Parliament he joined the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE), and assumed different activities and responsibilities, mostly in the areas of Culture and the online media, Justice & Home Affairs, and International Trade. In 2009, following a strong disagreement with the leadership of his party on the status of Catalonia within Spain, and rejecting to assume Catalonia's full independence as a political goal, he lost the confidence of his party to be promoted again as candidate to the EP. In a surprising decision, a few weeks before the end of the Parliament's Term, he was designated by the Spanish Government as Director General of Spain’s Instituto de la Cinematografía y de las Artes Audiovisuales (ICAA), the Spanish Film Agency. This indirectly included other national and international responsibilities, such as the Presidency of the Audiovisual SGR, or the active Membership of the EFAD, in Europe, or the Conference of Latin American Film Authorities or CAACI in Latin America. His mandate was called to an end in early December 2010. In 2010 he ended his Membership of Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya (CDC), which he had started in 1992, and has remained an independent figure afterwards. In 2011 he was appointed the first Director for Public Affairs & Member Relations at the European Broadcasting Union (EBU-UER). He later moved to Brussels, to work as an independent consultant. He co-founded CUMEDIAE, a Brussels-based non profit organization specialized in advice and project management in the field of media and the creative sector. In 2014 he joined K&L Gates LLP, a Global Law Firm, as a partner in its Brussels Office. Anecdotically, Ignasi Guardans was in Mumbai during the 26 November 2008 Mumbai terror attacks,as the Head of a 36 strong European Parliament Delegation. He was not injured. In the media, Guardans had a regular presence for 12 years at the radio talkshow La Ventana, and for some years at the public television morning show . Besides that he has been a regular contributor to newspapers such as La Vanguardia, El País and El Periódico de Catalunya. Congreso de los Diputados. Diputados de Legislaturas anteriores Ignasi Guardans Ignasi Guardans i Cambó (; born on 18 May 1964 in Barcelona, Catalonia) is a Spanish former politician, currently an independent figure still present in the Spanish media"
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"Lakshmi Gopalaswamy Lakshmi Gopalaswamy is a South Indian film actress and a classical dancer, qualified in Bharatanatyam. She has acted in several Malayalam, Kannada and Tamil films. She has also acted in some TV serials. She won the Karnataka State Film Award for Best Actress for her performance in her Kannada film Vidaya. Her debut Malayalam film \"Arayannangalude Veedu\" alongside Mammootty won her the Kerala State Film Award as the best supporting actor. She was a judge on Asianet's dance show \"Vodafone Thakadhimi.\". Lakshmi Gopalaswamy was born in a Kannadiga family in Bangalore, Karnataka to M. K. Gopalaswamy and Dr. Uma Gopalaswamy. She has a younger brother, Arjun. Her Mother is a scholar of music who prompted Lakshmi to learn and pursue a career in Bharatanatyam. She did her debut in the year 2000 with a Malayalam film Arayannangalude Veedu written and directed by Lohithadas alongside Mammootty which won her the Kerala State Film Award as the best supporting actress. In 2007, Lakshmi again received the Kerala State Film Award for the second best actress for her performances in \"Thaniye\" directed by debutant director Babu Thiruvalla and \"Paradesi\" directed by P. T. Kunju Mohammed. For the same films, she also received the \"Atlas Film Critics Award\" for the best woman actor. In 2010, she secured a role in \"Aptharakshaka\" directed by P. Vasu, opposite South Indian star Vishnuvardhan. In this Kannada film, her performance as a dancer possessed by an evil spirit was praised by critics and the film-going public as well. The film went on to become a mega hit and ran for 35 continuous weeks in the theatres; and it was the last Kannada film of Vishnuvardhan. She also acted in Vishnuvardhan films like \"Vishnu Sena\" and \"Namyajamanru\". Talking about the success of the film, Lakshmi in a recent interview said \"I am satisfied with the kind of response I am getting from the audience for my performance in it. I had a desire to act with Vishnuji again and that is fulfilled with this movie.\" She acted in the Tamil serial titled \"Lakshmi\" and has won much praise. Her success in Malayalam cinema also got her offers from her native Kannada film industry, too. Her debut Malayalam film \"Arayannangalude Veedu\" got her the Kerala State Award for the best supporting actress. Her second film, \"Kochu Kochu Santhosangal\", also brought in much acclaim for her acting. Acting afforded her a different kind of exposure. \"Initially I was intimidated by the profession, I was too shy to be famous,\" but she soon felt at home. She says dance will always remain her favorite metier; she loves playing good roles in films, like those that integrate semi-classical dance tracks, like \"Kochu Kochu Santhoshangal\", in which two classical dance numbers became popular in Kerala. Her star status in the film world notwithstanding, she dreams of metamorphosing into a top-notch dancer. Kerala State Film Awards: Karnataka State Film Awards' Filmfare Awards South Asianet Film Awards Kerala Film Critic Awards She has been presenting her dance performances on different stages worldwide. She has appeared in many commercials especially in Malayalam. Lakshmi Gopalaswamy Lakshmi Gopalaswamy is a South Indian film actress and a classical dancer, qualified in Bharatanatyam. She has acted in several Malayalam, Kannada and Tamil films. She has also acted in some TV serials. She won the Karnataka State Film Award for Best Actress for her performance in her Kannada film Vidaya. Her debut Malayalam film \"Arayannangalude Veedu\" alongside Mammootty won her the Kerala State Film Award as the best supporting actor. She was a judge on Asianet's dance show \"Vodafone Thakadhimi.\"."
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"Gus Aiken Augustus \"Gus\" Aiken (July 26, 1902 in Charleston, South Carolina – April 1, 1973 in New York City) was an early jazz trumpeter who also did blues. He started with the Jenkins Orphanage band. He was first recorded professionally in 1919. In the 1920s he worked with several groups, but his best known work would be with Louis Armstrong. He went on to play with Sid Catlett, Roy Eldridge, and Elmer Snowden before his career declined. The end of the Big Band era and the rise of rock and roll is seen as causing the decline. His name is often incorrectly spelled as \"Gus Aitken.\" Gus Aiken Augustus \"Gus\" Aiken (July 26, 1902 in Charleston, South Carolina – April 1, 1973 in New York City) was an early jazz trumpeter who also did blues. He started with the Jenkins Orphanage band. He was first recorded professionally in 1919. In the 1920s he worked with several groups, but his best known work would be with Louis Armstrong. He went on to play with Sid Catlett, Roy Eldridge, and Elmer Snowden before his career declined. The end of the Big Band era and the rise of rock and roll is"
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"Adventures in the Magic Kingdom Adventures in the Magic Kingdom is a video game released on June 1, 1990 for the Nintendo Entertainment System. Its soundtrack was composed by Yoko Shimomura. The game was released in five different regions (British Isles, North America, France, Scandinavia, and Australasia), using three different retail covers. The game places the player as a nameless main character, for whom the player can enter a name at the start of the game. Goofy left the golden key for the castle gate inside, and Mickey Mouse asks for the player's help to find six silver keys needed to open the Cinderella Castle gate and allow the Disney parade to begin. After completing this task, Mickey congratulates the player and the parade begins. The player must complete five different stages, modeled after rides in Disney theme parks, as well as a trivia quest in order to retrieve the set of keys. The player chooses which stage to play by walking around the park in the game's overworld map. The game features two vehicle stages with a top-down perspective. One of these stages is based on the Autopia ride and is a driving game in which the player must avoid various obstacles in a race against the villainous Panhandle Pete. The second, based on Big Thunder Mountain has the player controlling a train on a track and having to choose the right path to take while avoiding obstacles. There are also two side scrolling stages. In the Haunted Mansion stage, the player must defeat ghosts by throwing candles at them to retrieve one of the keys. The other side-scrolling stage is based on Pirates of the Caribbean and the player must rescue six villagers from pirates who have raided an island. The Space Mountain stage is a first-person stage in which the player boards a spaceship with the mission to reach a certain star, maneuvering through asteroids while shooting enemy ships with a phaser. The trivia game is available to play at any time. Several children around the park ask the player questions about Disney films and characters; if these are answered correctly, the children will reveal the location of the final silver key. Adventures in the Magic Kingdom Adventures in the Magic Kingdom is a video game released on June 1, 1990 for the Nintendo Entertainment System. Its soundtrack was composed by Yoko Shimomura. The game was released"
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"Chișinău Botanical Garden The Chișinău Botanical Garden of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova was founded in 1950 by the Russian Academy of Science. The garden is located in Chișinău, Botanica, Moldova and covers an area of 76 hectares. In 1973, a new botanical garden was established in the Botanica sector of Chișinău. Two years later, the garden was given the status of a Research Institute of the Academy of Sciences of Moldovan SSR. There are around ten thousand species of plants in the garden. In 2001, a large portion of the botanical garden was leased to private companies, including Elat, which established a series of restaurants, playgrounds, ice cream parlors, and a zoo. The popularity of the botanical garden surged; thousands of visitors came, and between 300-400 cars entered the garden daily. The administration also reported up to 30-40 weddings per weekend. These activities were brought to the attention of several ecological organizations in Moldova. Alexandru Ciubotaru, the director of the Botanical Garden, explained that the Academy of Science of Moldova allowed the commercialization of the garden because they were, at the time, under-budgeted by the Moldovan Government. \"We only receive 800,000 lei a year and the heating alone costs 1.2 million lei,\" he said. However, because Elat dishonored many of the agreements that it signed, the administration of the botanical garden has repeatedly asked to revoke the contract. In 2005, the botanical garden received 700,000 lei from the Moldovan Ministry of Finance and was able to change its heating system, reducing heating costs to about 280,000 lei. The director said that the garden would slowly solve most of its problems on its own, refusing to renew the lease with Elat, which expired on July 7, 2005. Chișinău Botanical Garden The Chișinău Botanical Garden of the Academy of Sciences"
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"Sam Nolan Sam Nolan (born 1930) is the secretary of the Dublin Council of Trade Unions and a political activist. Born in Dublin, Nolan became active in the Irish Workers' League soon after World War II, and was a member of its Executive Committee by 1952. In 1957, he became a member of the executive of the new Unemployed Protest Committee, and was initially considered the most prominent figure in the movement. At the Irish general election, 1957, he was asked to stand for the Committee in Dublin South-Central, but refused, believing that anti-communist feeling following the Soviet invasion of Hungary made him an unsuitable candidate. Instead, the movement stood Jack Murphy, who was elected. During the 1960s, Nolan was prominent in the Dublin Housing Action Committee, while he also remained active in the Irish Workers' League. He stood as an independent candidate at the Irish general election, 1969 in Dublin Central, but took only 242 votes and was not elected. In 1970, the Workers' League merged with the Communist Party of Northern Ireland to form the Communist Party of Ireland (CPI), an Nolan was elected as its first Deputy General Secretary. In January 1976, Nolan resigned from the CPI alongside Joe Deasy and several youth leaders, in protest at the party's change of line on the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. They subsequently formed the Eurocommunist Irish Marxist Society, although this was short-lived, and Nolan soon joined the Labour Party. He was elected to the Labour Party's Administrative Committee, and became a full-time organiser for the Union of Construction, Allied Trades and Technicians. Nolan was elected as the Secretary of the Dublin Council of Trade Unions in 1979, holding the post into the 2010s. In his personal life, Nolan is the partner of academic Helena Sheehan. Sam Nolan Sam Nolan"
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"Harwood research Harwood research refers to research in organizational psychology that took place at Harwood Manufacturing, a Virginia-based textiles manufacturer, over the course of four decades in the early to mid-Twentieth Century. Harwood Manufacturing is a family textile company which became the site for a number of experiments in the behavioral sciences and workplace innovation, beginning in the late 1930 and extending over the next four decades. Shortly after Harwood Manufacturing had moved its operations from New England to Virginia the newly opened factory started to experience difficulties with recruiting skilled workers. As a result of the moving the company had to train 300 inexperienced people from the Virginia mountains- to meet the high production standards of the industrialized areas of the North America. Despite the fact that inexperienced trainees (who were mainly woman) were eager to work, on the job their pace was slow, their output was too low and the turnover was enormously high. After twelve weeks of training, the new employees produced only half as much as apprentices who were doing similar task in Northern US factories. Constant changes in methods and jobs, which were considered necessary in order to beat a highly intense competition, were frequently resulting in low productivity, aggressive behavior towards management, a drop in output and absenteeism. In 1939 Kurt Lewin was invited by Alfred Marrow, the managing director of the factory, to discuss significant problems of labor with the staff of the Harwood Manufacturing Corporation. The Harwood study is considered the first experiment of group decision making and self-management in industry and the first example of applied organizational psychology. The Harwood Experiment was part of Lewin's continuing exploration of participatory action research. The Harwood studies can be divided into three time frames: the Lewin years, 1939 to 1947; the post-Lewin years, 1947 to 1962; and the Weldon years (after Harwood took over the Weldon Manufacturing Corporation), 1962 onward. By the opinion of Alfred Marrow, the owner of the factory and the later biographer of Kurt Lewin, the key experiments that were done on the factory were concerning group behavior, self-management, leadership training, changing stereotypes and overcoming resistance to change. The very first problem Kurt Lewin was trying to solve was employee turnover. The factory saw the core problem in employees’ lack of experience, however Kurt Lewin argued that the constant pressure and the way workers were treated could be a more important reason for people quitting their jobs. Lewin came up with several possible solutions to such a problem. The main idea was to draw supervisors’ attention to the way they treat their subordinates — to exclude the pressure and instead to find a way to make them believe that all the standards and goals are achievable. Also he highlighted that it is essential to deal with workers as members of small groups rather than as individuals. These changes began to bring about improvements in terms of employee retention, but there were still many other issues the plant needed to deal with. Lewin suggested that the company should employ its own full-time psychologist and start its own program of research. Throughout the period of 1939–1962 years several psychologists were assisting Lewin or, after his death, conducting their own experiments. The first psychologist who was employed by the factory was Alex Bavelas. When he returned to his studies, he was replaced by John R. P. French Jr. who was later joined by Lester Coch. The study began with Baveals who was asked to plan and carry out a series of group experiments on human factors in factory management within the domain of action research in industry. The first experiment aimed to analyze the effect of giving workers a chance to take part in setting their own goals and control their output. Bavelas selected a group of the productive factory workers with whom he met several times a week. Those meetings were informal 30-minute gatherings where each group member was encouraged to discuss the difficulties he or she might encounter if the group wanted to increase its daily production. All together they were discussing each operator’s working method and analyzing advantages and disadvantages of such approach. In so doing, it became clear that workers often use different methods while doing the same task. They also identified changes that the company’s management would need to make to improve productivity. Management agreed to help carry through the changes that were recommended. At the end of each meeting the group would vote on whether to increase their daily output, to what level, and over what period of time. As a result, they voted to enhance output from 75 units per hour to 87 over a period of 5 days. After reaching this figure, they then agreed to increase the rate to 90. Throughout the next five months the group managed to maintain a significant growth that was reached by the end of those meetings. No other group in the factory was capable of achieving the same results. Lewin concluded that the democratic way of decision making process was the key solution for productivity growth. However, in order to check that, Bavelas set up meetings with two other groups of operators. In both cases, the groups only discussed increasing productivity without further voting. The result was that only a slight improvement in their productivity occurred. The second experiment was aimed to discover the influence of self-management on the level of productivity. To test this opinion, Baveals let workers decide themselves the level of output without strong control from the management side. He had a small group of workers plan their own hourly pace and daily work level as long as they kept at or above the obligatory minimum quota. The planning of the pace was made with the use of \"pacing cards\". These workers were on piece work, and therefore, the more they produced above the minimum quota the greater was their pay. Bavelas also established a control group whose work arrangements were not changed. The level of production of the control group didn’t change, whereas the output of the experimental group grew from 67 units per hour to 82 units. Lewin concluded the main cause of such a positive result was lowering the pressure from managerial side toward workers. Although those two experiments proved the importance of employee involvement to the decision making at work, John R. P. French argued that it has to go hand in hand with the style of personal leadership. Therefore, French introduced the idea of changing the style of management personal leadership in order to modify the forces that influence work group behavior. Bavelas’ series of experiments showed that the autocratic approach to management does not result in increased efficiency of workers. That is why a change in leadership style is another thing that was considered important to achieve in the Harwood Manufacturing. The idea of this training was to give the necessary knowledge to supervisors concerning cooperation, morale, disciplinary problems and trust. Relying to the Lippitt-White study of authoritarian and democratic leadership styles, Lewin came up with the idea of Leadership training for all the levels of supervisory management. The methods that were used the most were role playing, socio-drama, self-examination, feedback-sessions, group problem solving, and other action research techniques. During the meetings participants were asked about all the problems they encounter on daily basis at work. Later on those problems were discussed, various other scenarios were enacted, and between meetings the participants would try out different approaches to the problems they faced, and the results of these would be analyzed in the following training session. Shortly after fifth meeting, participants had found a way to",
"problems and trust. Relying to the Lippitt-White study of authoritarian and democratic leadership styles, Lewin came up with the idea of Leadership training for all the levels of supervisory management. The methods that were used the most were role playing, socio-drama, self-examination, feedback-sessions, group problem solving, and other action research techniques. During the meetings participants were asked about all the problems they encounter on daily basis at work. Later on those problems were discussed, various other scenarios were enacted, and between meetings the participants would try out different approaches to the problems they faced, and the results of these would be analyzed in the following training session. Shortly after fifth meeting, participants had found a way to effectively develop their interpersonal skills. The majority of them stated that it became easier to communicate and deal with their superiors as well as with their peers. The skills in getting the cooperation of subordinates had significantly improved, as had their subordinates’ productivity. Like many companies at those times Harwood Manufacturing had a policy of not recruiting women after their thirties. But because of the war they were finding it harder and harder to employ young female workers. The only way to solve this problem was to start hiring older employees. However this idea was not supported by management of all levels; they strongly believed that older employees would have difficulties meeting the factory’s requirements compared to the younger females. French suggested to assess the value to the company of each worker as follows: productivity, speed of learning new jobs, sickness/absence, and turnover rate. After collecting the data it turned out that older workers were outperforming the younger ones. French and Marrow found that providing facts to management did not influence their opinion, but when top management was involved in research, so that the facts would be top management’s own discovery, attitudes changed and with the time superior workers started to accept the idea of recruiting older employees. The experiment on overcoming resistance to change stemmed from the problem of employees’ reluctance to changes. Workers were not satisfied with the job transfers. They had to constantly leave tasks at which they had just developed proficiency. As a result, the company was encountering lower output, grievances, and increased labor turnover. The more difficult the new job, the greater was the degree of frustration. That is why Coch and French established four experimental groups. In this research they were trying to address the two main questions: The first group was a control group. The new changes at work were announced to them in a usual manner and they were given a chance to ask questions. The second group was given more precise information about changes and was allowed to elect representatives who would participate in planning and setting the new production rates. Members of groups 3 and 4 were entirely involved in the discussion process with management about all aspects of the change. They could make a number of recommendations and help to plan the most efficient methods for doing the new job. The result of the experiment was that the level of productivity and the amount of aggression expressed against management varied inversely with the degree of participation in the changes. Average production in the first group dropped 20 per cent and did not regain the pre-change level. The group which participated through representatives required two weeks to recover its pre-change output and, finally, groups 3 and 4 reached an increase of about 15% of the output their prechange productivity levels. Coch and French’s examination have indicated that behavior of employees can be influenced by their direct participation and involvement. These studies became a part of the Harwood working process for more than 30 years. The results of experiments were used to bring understanding to group behavior and identify change options for companies. They helped to create many of the tools and techniques used in organization development. In terms of criticism, there are several issues concerning the experiments which were discussed the most. Clem Adelman highlighted that Lewin did not draw attention to power relations issue between superior workers and their subordinates. In the series of experiments in Harwood Manufacturing, Lewin automatically assumed that goals of management were rational and unquestionable. Mel Van Elteren (referring to the earlier work of Graebner) speculated on the question of whether the Lewin’s studies were exclusively democratic and did they contain the manipulative element. In each case in Harwood experiments, predetermined goals had already been set by management which cannot be interpreted as a fundamentally democratic approach. The \"overcoming resistance to change\" experiment performed Coch and French has been criticized over the years, mostly in relation to the management and methodology of their research. When the psychologists started this experiment, they had been already working in the factory for several years and moreover employees were predisposed to respond well to the participative approach. Many critics claimed that the study in Harwood was an atypical case due to the fact that the owner of the factory was a certified psychologist who had a full interest and curiosity in conducting experiments in the factory. Harwood research Harwood research refers to research in organizational psychology that took place at Harwood Manufacturing, a Virginia-based textiles manufacturer, over the course of four decades in the early to mid-Twentieth Century. Harwood Manufacturing is a family textile company which became the site for a number of experiments in the behavioral sciences and workplace innovation, beginning in the late 1930 and extending over the next four decades. Shortly after Harwood Manufacturing had moved its operations from New England to Virginia the newly opened factory started to experience difficulties"
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"Melbourne Heart FC (Futsal) Melbourne Heart FC Futsal was a futsal club based in Melbourne, Victoria, founded in 2012. They played in the F-League, the top tier of Australian Futsal. The club was disbanded before the start of the 2014 season after the A-League team were bought by Manchester City FC. Melbourne Heart FC Futsal was established in 2012 after a partnership between the Cobras Futsal Club and Melbourne Heart FC. The two clubs teamed up to create a new futsal senior men's team who compete in the national F-League competition. Although founded only in 2008, Melbourne Heart shows a firm commitment to growing the club into a total football club. Cobras Futsal Club started in 2006 and is one of the pioneer clubs in the FFV Melbourne Futsal League. Cobras boast having the largest number of Football Federation Victoria registered participants and teams in the MFL and State representative players in 2011. Cobras Futsal Club's core existence is the development of Futsal players and promoting of the Futsal sport. Melbourne Heart's Football Operations Manager, John Didulica described the move to have a futsal program as pivotal to their footballing and cultural make-up. \"\"Eighteen months ago we spoke with Cobras (Futsal Club, based in Bulleen) about some involvement because I always wanted a futsal platform within the club, and its another area for fans to engage in. We said we'd keep in touch and when they were serious about getting into the F-League, we gave them our full support to get it across the line.\"\" \"\"It's not just a branding, because we're actually going to develop some joint synergies. Player selection, coaching and player interaction are important and (jokingly) I’ve always left the door for our South Americans to get on the teamsheet.\"\" The partnership between Heart and the Cobras intends venturing Futsal in Australia to the next level. After the final round of the 2012 Hummel F-League, the Australian Futsal National team coach invited Anthony Ramzy to train with the National squad, providing Melbourne Heart Futsal with their first player called into a National Squad. Following the take-over of Melbourne Heart by the City Football Group, the decision was taken not to continue operating the futsal team, which then disbanded. The following players were selected for the 2012 F-League tournament, released on 3 June 2012. Melbourne Heart FC (Futsal) Melbourne Heart FC Futsal was a futsal club based in"
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"George P. Smith (politician) George Peter Smith (August 12, 1873 – November 29, 1942) was a politician and former Minister of the Crown from Alberta, Canada. He was born in Lieury, Ontario and came west in 1901 while working for an insurance company. After visiting Duhamel (a mission settlement southwest of Camrose, Alberta), Smith bought the local Trading Store in 1902. A well-respected Cree man named Pe-o-kis introduced Smith to other influential settlers like Francois Adam and Camille Miquelon. Smith formed good relationships with the Métis of the Laboucane Settlement and the Saulteaux peoples and developed a lucrative fur-trading business. He brought the largest known number of furs to be traded in Edmonton, amounting to 123,000 pelts. When a new CPR line was being built from Wetaskiwin to the village of Sparling (later Camrose), Smith anticipated the growth of the village and opened a store in Sparling. He is credited with suggesting the town's new name, when it changed to Camrose in 1905. In late 1908, Smith launched the \"Camrose Canadian\" newspaper, which exists to this day. As a founding father and booster of Camrose, Smith did much to promote the town and the surrounding region. He was responsible for the opening of Alberta's second Normal School in Camrose in 1915. Smith first ran for election to the Alberta Legislature in the 1909 Alberta general election winning the new Camrose district with a comfortable plurality. He was a big promoter of immigration while in office. Smith was re-elected in a landslide to a second term in office during the 1913 Alberta general election significantly increasing his plurality from last time. He would be re-elected to his third and final term in the Alberta Legislature in the 1917 Alberta general election. This time with a slightly reduced majority of votes. On August 26, 1918, he would be appointed to the Minister of Education portfolio. Smith held the post until he was defeated in the 1921 Alberta general election by Vernor W. Smith from the United Farmers of Alberta, the two Smiths were not related. The United Farmers government in prosecuted Smith in 1926. The issue arose from a question Robert Marshall had asked in the legislature in regards to $5,820.00 that had been plundered from the Alberta Treasury in September 1921 by Smith. The government claimed it had no political motive in prosecuting Smith. The United Farmers government had Smith charged with fraud as they believed that the money which was taken from the treasury to pay Esdale Press Ltd. for services rendered. Smith would attempt to run for a seat in the House of Commons of Canada in the 1935 Canadian federal election. He would be badly defeated by Social Credit candidate James Alexander Marshall. George P. Smith (politician) George Peter Smith (August 12, 1873 – November 29, 1942) was a politician and former Minister of the Crown from Alberta, Canada. He was born in Lieury, Ontario and came west in 1901 while working for an insurance company. After visiting"
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"Juan Pablo Torres (soccer) Juan Pablo Torres (born July 26, 1999) is an American soccer player who plays as a central midfielder for Lokeren on the Jupiler Pro League Torres played for academy club, Georgia United in his native state. On July 26, 2017, he signed his first professional contract with Belgian first tier team, Lokeren. On August 26, 2017, Torres made his professional debut, when he replaced Koen Persoons in the 90th minute of the match against K.A.S. Eupen. Torres was born in the United States to Colombian parents. Torres was called for several US Youth Teams. He was capped seven times with the U15 team and four times with the U16 and U18 teams. Juan Pablo Torres (soccer) Juan Pablo Torres (born July 26, 1999) is an American soccer player who plays as a central midfielder for Lokeren on the Jupiler Pro League Torres played for academy club, Georgia United in his native state. On July 26, 2017, he signed his first professional contract with Belgian first tier team, Lokeren. On August 26, 2017, Torres made his professional debut, when he replaced Koen Persoons in the 90th minute of the match against K.A.S. Eupen. Torres was born in"
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"Keshcarrigan Bowl The Keshcarrigan Bowl is an Iron age bronze bowl discovered to the north of Keshcarrigan, county Leitrim, Ireland, in the 19th century. The bowl was found in the waterway between Lough Scur and Lough Marrave (\"lake of death\"). It was perhaps a ceremonial drinking cup. The bowl would have been a prestigious item in 1st century Ireland, the bird-shaped handle outstandingly designed and skillfully executed. The Keshcarrigan Bowl is in the archaeology branch of the National Museum of Ireland. The Keshcarrigan bowl is considered one of the finest classic cast bronze cups, or drinking vessel. Made of bright-yellow metal, it was discovered during the building of the \"Ulster Canal\". The bowl is a fine golden bronze only wide and in thickness, being cast or beaten into shape before being finished and polished by being spun on a lathe. The neck was finished off against an internal mould. The principal decorative feature of the bowl is its cast bronze zoomorphic handle, following the graceful shape of a bird-beast head of a somewhat nondescript appearance influenced by the flamboyant ornamentation of its time, soldered to the body of the vessel at the base and loosely connected to the vessel neck. The ridge at the front of the bird-head, the 'shield' below, and impression of a beak turning-backward, are all characteristic of the male-Shelduck. In 2018 it was shown on an Irish postage stamp, after featuring in \"A History of Ireland in 100 Objects\". The brilliantly modeled ducks-head handle on the Keshcarrigan bowl is an early masterpiece of the style, comparable to the best British work of the period such as the bird-finials on the Torrs Chamfrein horns, the stylistic identity of both heads representing ducks, and both having empty slots for studs in the eyes. The Torrs style originated in Britain in the middle or second half of the third century BC. The Keshcarrigan cup is on stylistic grounds likely to be contemporary with the Torrs pieces, with the “crimped” pattern on the rim of the Keshcarrigan bowl perhaps comparable with similar techniques used on the circular Wandsworth boss and the terminal circular insignias on the Witham Shield. The bowl seems to have close affinities to pottery bowls of identical profile from Brittany, which have a similar “crimped” pattern on their inner rims. Being lathe-spun the age of the bowl suggests a comparatively late date at variance with the stylistic evidence. The bowl is of importance in showing the Torrs style is recorded in both Britain and Ireland. The cup resembles another found at Fore, County Westmeath, which is slightly earlier and imported from Britain, as this may also be. The bowl was intended for drinking purposes, for eating food out of, as a container, and ceremonial purposes. Metal handled cups are a feature of late La Tène culture, and their production might have been stimulated by the re-appearance of wine-services imported from the Classical world. Some sources suggest the bowl was imported across the Irish Sea because the practice of producing bronze bowls using a spinning technique was done in the Belgae workshops of south-east England, and Roman continental workshops, rather than Ireland. However the evidence for this conclusion is conjecture, and the Keshcarrigan bowl was just as likely made in Ireland. A reasonably close parallel to the Keshcarrigan cup is a handled vessel of willow, presumably Irish origin, in the National Museum of Ireland, and another bronze handle from a similar profile cup was discovered at County Galway. Conversely, though a similar handle was recently found in the Somerset hoard, no other vessel of this style was found in southern Britain, so the practice of making bowls with ornamental bird handles must have become established in Ireland sometime in the early 1st Century AD. O'Toole suggested the Keshcarrigan Bowl represents evidence for the movement of people into Ireland following upheavals in Celtic Europe in the century before and after the birth of Christ. Gallic Belgic tribes crossed into Britain as refugees from the Romans and displacing native people some of whom came to Ireland. Keshcarrigan Bowl The Keshcarrigan Bowl is an Iron age bronze bowl discovered to the north of Keshcarrigan, county Leitrim, Ireland, in the 19th century."
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"East Atlanta Love Letter East Atlanta Love Letter is the second studio album by American singer 6lack. It was released on September 14, 2018, by LoveRenaissance and Interscope Records. The album features guest appearances from Future, J. Cole, Offset and Khalid. The album was supported by two singles: \"Switch\" and \"Nonchalant\". In June 2018, 6lack posted a picture on his social media saying \"I think my album is done\". While talking about the album in interview with Highsnobiety, 6lack said; On August 13, 2018, he announced that it will be titled \"East Atlanta Love Letter\"\". On August 29, he announced the album's release date and posted the artwork, which features him in a makeshift studio with his daughter, Syx Rose Valentine. On September 11, he shared the official track listing and released the album on September 14. The first single from the album, \"Switch\", was released on June 22, 2018. The music video for \"Switch\" was released on July 16, 2018. \"Nonchalant\" was released as the album's second single on August 17, 2018, with its accompanying music video. For further promotion of the album, 6lack started a tour in October 2018. He is joined by THEY., Boogie, Tierra Whack, Summer Walker, Deante' Hitchcock, and Ari Lennox. \"East Atlanta Love Letter\" received positive reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 74 based on 4 reviews. In a positive review, Kitty Richardson of \"The Line of Best Fit\" concluded 6lack \"trumped his opponents and influences with a fragile grace and solid talent for songwriting, echoing that of our most decorated balladeers. It's a hope that the album's use of an undeniably fashionable sound doesn't hinder its potential for timelessness; there is so much here to fall for.\" Luke Fox of \"Exclaim!\" described \"East Atlanta Love Letter\" as \"impeccably cohesive\", praising the minimalist production and adding the album is \"a record that captures the trap-soul zeitgeist that will best catch you in your feelings.\" Online hip hop publication \"HipHopDX\" praised the album, stating: \"In an era where artists hype up projects that turn out to be nothing but half-baked playlists, 6LACK’s thoughtful embrace of the album format is refreshing. \"East Atlanta Love Letter\" is a moody masterpiece that may very well take the artist’s career to new heights.\" In a mixed review, Dean Van Nguyen of \"Pitchfork\" criticised the album's lyrical content, commenting that 6lack \"traps listeners within the four walls of his drab hotel room, exposing us to his joyless, low-energy meditations that don’t capture relationships or the human experience in any kind of meaningful way.\" \"East Atlanta Love Letter\" debuted at number three on the US \"Billboard\" 200 with 77,000 album-equivalent units, of which 20,000 were pure album sales. It is 6lack's highest-charting release in the US. Credits were adapted from Tidal and 6lack's official website. Notes Sample credits Credits were adapted from Tidal and 6lack's official website. East Atlanta Love Letter East"
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"Harald Ganzinger Harald Ganzinger (31 October 1950, Werneck – 3 June 2004, Saarbrücken) was a German computer scientist who together with Leo Bachmair developed the superposition calculus, which is (as of 2007) used in most of the state-of-the-art automated theorem provers for first-order logic. He received his Ph.D. from the Technical University of Munich in 1978. Before 1991 he was a Professor of Computer Science at University of Dortmund. Then he joined the Max Planck Institute for Computer Science in Saarbrücken shortly after it was founded in 1991. Until 2004 he was the Director of the Programming Logics department of the Max Planck Institute for Computer Science and honorary professor at Saarland University. His research group created the SPASS automated theorem prover. He received the Herbrand Award in 2004 (posthumous) for his important contributions to automated theorem proving. Harald Ganzinger Harald Ganzinger (31 October 1950, Werneck – 3 June 2004, Saarbrücken) was a German computer scientist who together with Leo Bachmair developed the superposition calculus, which is (as of 2007) used in most of the state-of-the-art automated theorem provers for first-order logic. He received his Ph.D. from the Technical University of Munich in 1978. Before 1991 he was a Professor"
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"retrieved": [
"Shah M. Faruque Shah Mohammad Faruque (born c. 1956) is a professor in the School of Life Sciences at Independent University Bangladesh (IUB). He is widely recognized for his research in \"Vibrio cholerae\", the bacterium which causes the epidemic diarrhoeal disease Cholera. Among other positions, previously he was a professor at BRAC University; director of the Genomics Centre at the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), and formerly director of the Centre for Food and Water Borne Diseases in ICDDR,B. His areas of interest include microbial genomics, bacteriophages, environmental microbiology, ecology, and evolution of bacterial pathogens, particularly those associated with waterborne and foodborne diseases. Faruque is well known for his work on molecular genetics, epidemiology and ecology of the cholera pathogen, and its bacteriophages. Faruque is a Fellow of TWAS, the World Academy of Sciences, as well as a Fellow of the Bangladesh Academy of Sciences. He is a member of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, ISID, and a founding member of the Association of \"Vibrio\" Biologists, AViB. Shah Mohammad Faruque was born in Jessore District, Bangladesh in 1956. He received his early education in Jessore Sacred Heart School, Jessore Zilla School, Jhenidah Cadet College, and Jessore Government M.M. College. Faruque received his BSc, and MSc degrees from the department of Biochemistry, Dhaka University in 1978 and 1979 respectively. He obtained his PhD in 1988 from the University of Reading, in the UK. In Reading, he worked on hormonal regulation of gene expression. He was a Commonwealth Scholar in the UK. Faruque joined the faculty of the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Dhaka and taught biochemistry and molecular biology courses. He later joined ICDDR,B as a scientist, and pioneered molecular biology research in Bangladesh. In ICDDR,B, he set up the Molecular Genetics Laboratory, which is currently highly reputed for conducting and publishing outstanding research work. In recognition of his contributions to the understanding of natural phenomena associated with the dynamics of cholera epidemics, he was awarded the \"TWAS Prize-2005\" in Medical Sciences, by the TWAS. Faruque collaborates with scientists from different countries and Institutes in India, Japan, Thailand, Sweden, UK, and the US. He also established the Genomics Centre in icddr,b with financial support by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA). Faruque maintained an active research team in icddr,b for over two decades, and then moved to BRAC University to strengthen life science research in one of the nation's premier private universities. Addressing the health problems of developing countries, Faruque has contributed significantly to the understanding of natural mechanisms associated with the emergence of bacterial pathogens. Although he has conducted significant work in understanding the epidemiology and transmission of \"Shigella\" and diarrhoeagenic \"Escherichia coli\" infections, his major contribution is in the epidemiology and genetics of \"Vibrio cholerae\", the causative agent of cholera epidemics. In collaboration with John Mekalanos, Adele H. Lehman Professor of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Faruque has contributed extensively to the recent understanding of the epidemiology, transmissibility and ecology of \"Vibrio cholerae\". Their work showed the genetic basis for the origin and evolution of new \"Vibrio cholerae\" strains with epidemic potential and the role of bacteriophages in this process. They characterised several novel filamentous phages (e.g., KSF-1, RS1 and TLC satellite phages) of \"Vibrio cholerae\", and contributed substantially to understanding the molecular mechanisms for transmission of these phages, and their role in \"Vibrio cholerae\" evolution. Faruque has proposed models to explain the role of environmental and host factors and lytic bacteriophages in the ecology of \"Vibrio cholerae\", that supports a self-limiting nature of seasonal cholera epidemics. Currently his team is conducting cutting edge research in CRISPR-Cas systems carried by bacterial viruses or bacteriophages.It is vital to generate more knowledge on the underlying diversity and functions of this system to fully realize the potential of technologies like CRISPR gene editing. Faruque was awarded the TWAS Prize in Medical Sciences in 2005. Faruque is married to Hasna Hena. They have two children - Elora Faruque and Shah Nayeem Faruque. Faruque has authored more than 140 original research papers, reviews, and book chapters. His work have been published in top ranking international scientific journals, including \"Nature\", \"PNAS\", \"Lancet\" and \"ASM Journals\". He has also edited a number of books which include \"Vibrio cholerae: Genomics and Molecular Biology\" (2008), and \"Foodborne and Waterborne Bacterial Pathogens\" (2012). Shah M. Faruque Shah Mohammad Faruque (born c. 1956) is a professor in the School of Life Sciences at Independent University Bangladesh (IUB). He is widely recognized for his research in \"Vibrio cholerae\", the bacterium which causes the epidemic diarrhoeal disease Cholera. Among other positions, previously he was a professor at BRAC University; director of the Genomics Centre at the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), and formerly director of the Centre for Food and Water Borne"
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"retrieved": [
"Alexander Imich Alexander Imich (February 4, 1903 – June 8, 2014) was a Polish Jewish-born American chemist, parapsychologist, and writer, who was the president of the Anomalous Phenomena Research Center in New York City. He was born in 1903 in Częstochowa, Poland (then a part of Russian Empire) to a Jewish family. Imich, a supercentenarian, became the oldest living man after the death of Arturo Licata, of Italy, on April 24, 2014. Until his own death a little more than a month later, at the age of 111 years, 124 days, Imich was certified by \"Guinness World Records\" as the world's oldest living man. Imich was also the last surviving veteran of the Polish-Soviet War. Imich stated that, at age 15, he and the rest of his class joined the Polish forces to fight the Bolsheviks in 1918. His older brother served as instructor in the automobile division, so Imich learned to drive trucks for the army until the Bolshevik forces were pushed back and Imich returned to school. He earned a Ph.D in zoology at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków in 1929, but as he could not find an academic position in zoology, he switched to chemistry. During the 1920s and 1930s he did some research on a medium, Matylda, for the Polish Society for Psychical Research. He published a report in 1932 in a German journal, \"Zeitschrift für Parapsychologie\", but all of the unpublished notes and photos from the research were lost during World War II. During World War II, Imich and his wife Wela (pronounced Vela) fled to Soviet-occupied Białystok, where he was employed as a chemist. The couple were later interned in a labor camp for the duration of the war due to their refusal to accept Soviet citizenship. They were eventually freed and chose to emigrate to the U.S. in 1951, as almost all of their Polish relatives and friends had died in the Holocaust. In 1952, Imich and his wife Wela (died 1986) emigrated to the United States, first to Pennsylvania and then to New York, dividing their time between both places. To make a living, Imich initially took up chemistry, but once Wela made a career for herself as a psychologist in 1965, he turned to parapsychology. After becoming a widower in 1986, he continued his lifelong interest in parapsychology, giving out the Imich prize for parapsychology research for several years until he began experiencing financial problems. Imich wrote numerous papers for journals in the field and edited a book, \"Incredible Tales of the Paranormal\" which was published by Bramble Books in 1995. He formed the Anomalous Phenomena Research Center in 1999, trying to find a way to produce \"The Crucial Demonstration\", the goal of which is to demonstrate the reality of paranormal phenomena to mainstream scientists and the general public. In 2012, he began to transfer the records of his research into the paranormal to the University of Manitoba Department of Archives and Special Collections. He practiced calorie restriction and attributed his longevity to this. Imich died on June 8, 2014 at 9:03 AM from natural causes at the age of 111. He was succeeded as the world's oldest man by Sakari Momoi of Japan (born February 5, 1903, one day after Imich). Alexander Imich Alexander Imich (February 4, 1903 – June 8, 2014) was a Polish Jewish-born American chemist, parapsychologist, and writer, who was the president of the Anomalous Phenomena Research Center in New York City. He was born in 1903 in Częstochowa, Poland (then a part of Russian Empire) to a Jewish family. Imich, a supercentenarian, became the oldest living"
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"retrieved": [
"Li Donghua Li Donghua (born 10 December 1967) is a gymnast who represented his adopted country of Switzerland at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, where he won the gold medal on the pommel horse. Li began his gymnastics career competing for China, and won a national title on the pommel horse in 1987. However, a neck injury prevented him from making the Chinese team for the 1988 Olympics. While recovering from his injury, Li met Esperanza Friedli, a Swiss national who was backpacking in China. When he told his coaches he was to marry her, they told him to cut off the relationship or he would not be able to compete. He refused, and the couple left China for Lucerne. Li went on to win the Swiss national title on pommel horse from 1989 to 1992, and the all-around national title in 1993. However, because he was not a Swiss national during that time, those results were not official. In 1994, he became a Swiss citizen and began competing for the country internationally. At the 1994 World Artistic Gymnastics Championship, Li won a bronze medal on pommel horse. The next year, he won gold on the same event. In 1996, at the age of 28, he won both the European and Olympic pommel horse titles. Li was the first Olympic medalist for Switzerland in gymnastics since 1952. Li and Friedli were married in 1988 and divorced in 2004. Li later married Qiang Huang. He has two children. Li Donghua Li Donghua (born 10 December 1967) is a gymnast who represented his adopted country of Switzerland at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, where he won the gold medal on the pommel horse. Li began his gymnastics career competing for China, and won a national title on the pommel horse"
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"retrieved": [
"James Devins (Sinn Féin politician) James (Séamus) Devins (1873 – 20 September 1922) was an Irish Sinn Féin politician. He was elected unopposed as a Sinn Féin Teachta Dála (TD) to the 2nd Dáil at the 1921 elections for the Sligo–Mayo East constituency. He opposed the Anglo-Irish Treaty and voted against it. He was re-elected as an anti-Treaty Sinn Féin TD to the 3rd Dáil at the 1922 general election. His death in September 1922 \"at the hands of former comrades\", machine-gunned after surrender by Sean MacEoin, Sexton & Farrell of the Free State Army, on Ben Bulban, would indicate that he was a casualty of the Irish Civil War.He was executed without trial with five other comrades who had all surrendered to the Free State troops under MacEoin. His grandson Jimmy Devins also served as a Fianna Fáil TD for Sligo–North Leitrim from 2002 to 2011. James Devins (Sinn Féin politician) James (Séamus) Devins (1873 – 20 September 1922) was an Irish Sinn Féin politician. He was elected unopposed as a Sinn Féin Teachta Dála (TD) to the 2nd Dáil at the 1921 elections for the Sligo–Mayo East constituency. He opposed the Anglo-Irish Treaty and voted against it. He"
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"retrieved": [
"Ginan, Gifu Ginan is located in the Nōbi Plain in southern Gifu Prefecture, bordering on Aichi Prefecture. The Kiso River and the Sakai River flow through the town, which is located in marshy flatlands and was often subject to flooding. The town has a climate characterized by characterized by hot and humid summers, and mild winters (Köppen climate classification \"Cfa\"). The average annual temperature in Ginan is 15.6 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1934 mm with September as the wettest month.The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 28.1 °C, and lowest in January, at around 4.1 °C. Per Japanese census data, the population of Ginan has grown rapidly over the past 40 years. The area around Ginan was part of traditional Owari Province until the course of the Kiso River shifted in 1586, after which time it was part of Mino Province. It was an ancient settlement on the important river crossing connecting Nagoya with Gifu. During the Edo period, it was divided between territory controlled by Owari Domain and various small \"hatamoto\" holdings. During the post-Meiji restoration cadastral reforms, the area was organised into Haguri District, Gifu Prefecture, which was subsequently transferred to Hashima District, Gifu. The modern village of Ginan was formed on September 26, 1956 by the merger of the villages of Yatsuru and Kamiheguri. It was elevated to town status four days later on October 1, 1956. Plans to merge with the neighbouring city of Gifu were rejected by a referendum in June 2004. The mainstay of the local economy is agriculture (rice, vegetables, dairy, poultry), and light industry (computer related products, dairy products, chemicals). Ginan has three public elementary schools and one public middle school operated by the town government. The one high school in town is a private girls high school. Ginan, Gifu Ginan is located in the Nōbi Plain in southern Gifu Prefecture, bordering on Aichi Prefecture. The Kiso River and the Sakai River flow through the town, which is located in marshy flatlands and was often subject to flooding. The town has a climate characterized by characterized by hot and humid summers, and mild winters (Köppen climate classification \"Cfa\"). The average annual temperature in Ginan is 15.6 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1934 mm with September as the wettest month.The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 28.1 °C, and lowest in January, at around"
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