text stringlengths 4 222k | label int64 0 4 |
|---|---|
Statistical approaches based on reinforcement learning, such as the Markov decision process (MDP) and partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP), have been successfully applied to dialogue management (Levin et al., 2000; Williams and Young, 2007; Li, 2012) . These approaches allow us to consider all possible ... | 0 |
In this paper, we will discuss constituent ordering generalizations in Japanese. Japanese has SOV as its basic order, but a significant range of word order variation is permitted. In Japanese, reordering of arguments can be brought about by a syntactic operation of 'scrambling'. Unmarked transitive clauses have nominat... | 0 |
In this paper, I attempt to relate the NLP issue of the relationship between lexical semantics and knowledge representation to the claims made by Geoffrey Nunberg in The Pragmatics of Reference [1] . His basic claim is that interpretation of lexical items in an utterance is almost entirely a pragmatic matter and not on... | 0 |
Social media are the digital tribunes where people can express their thoughts and opinions with the ultimate freedom. However, this freedom comes at a price, especially when it enables spreading abusive language and hate speech against individuals or groups. Misogyny is one type of hate speech that disparages a person ... | 0 |
The proliferation of online hatred has became an alarming issue (Williams, 2019) threatening not only the well-being of target individuals and groups, but also of society as a whole. While authorities establish regulations and policies, social media platforms take actions against hate speech mostly through moderation a... | 0 |
Comparable corpora have been the subject of interest for extracting bilingual lexicons by several researchers (Rapp, 1995; Fung and Mckeown, 1997; Rapp, 1999; Koehn and Knight, 2002; Morin et al., 2008; Bouamor et al., 2013, among others) . Rapp (1995) was the first to suggest that if a word A co-occurs frequently with... | 0 |
Literary texts, such as novels, fairy tales, fables, romances, and epics have long been channels to convey emotions, both explicitly and implicitly. With widespread digitization of text, we now have easy access to unprecedented amounts of such literary texts. Project Gutenberg provides access to 34,000 books (Lebert, 2... | 0 |
In the context of news production, an event is the characterization of a significant enough change in a space-time context to be reported as newsworthy content. This definition fits with definitions proposed in other contexts such as the ACE 2005 and TAC KBP Event evaluations or work such as (Cybulska and Vossen, 2014;... | 0 |
Character identification (Chen and Choi, 2016 ) is a task that identifies each mention as a character in a multiparty dialogue. 1 Let a mention be a nominal referring to a human (e.g., she, mom, Judy), and an entity be a character in the dialogue. The objective is to assign each mention to an entity, who may or may not... | 0 |
Natural Language Processing (NLP) has been applied to clinical health data for many purposes, including summarizing clinical notes, extracting specific elements from an unstructured medical record, and question-answer systems to interact with patients (Zahid et al., 2018; Velupillai et al., 2018; Demner-Fushman et al.,... | 0 |
Les outils du traitement automatique du langage ont démontré à plusieurs reprises leur capacité à remédier ou compenser des handicaps de langage. Le problème du mot sur le bout de la langue, plus généralement connu comme étant un déficit d'accès lexical en production de phrases (Tip Of the Tongue en anglais (TOT)), est... | 0 |
Recent studies of sentence pattern frequencies indicate concentrations of POS-based signatures for short recurrent patterns reflecting realizations of patterns like 'transitive', 'copular' and sentence embedding, applied to corpora of German, English and Norwegian; sentences instantiating these patterns are called typi... | 0 |
In language, a word can contribute a very different meaning to an utterance depending on the context, a phenomenon known as lexical ambiguity (Cruse, 1986; Small et al., 2013) . This variation is pervasive and involves both morphosyntactic and semantic aspects. For instance, in the examples in Table 1 , show is used as... | 0 |
Recently, corpora that have tags from more than one tag set are increasing. For example, The Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese (BCCWJ) (Maekawa et al., 2014) is tagged with concept tags from Word List by Semantic Principles (WLSP) (National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics, 1964) after tag... | 0 |
The NLP community has benefited greatly from the public availability of standard toolkits, such as NLTK (Bird et al., 2009) , StanfordNLP (Qi et al., 2018) , spaCy (Honnibal and Montani, 2020) , or scikit-learn (Pedregosa et al., 2011) . These toolkits allow researchers to focus on developing new methods rather than on... | 0 |
Neural machine translation has reached a point, where the quality of automatic translation measured on isolated sentences is similar on average to the quality of professional human translations. Hassan et al. (2018) report achieving a "human parity" on Chinese→English news translation. Bojar et al. (2018, p. 291) repor... | 0 |
Recent years have witnessed a growth in neural methods for language modelling, specifically in the domain of open domain dialogue and interactive systems. Large neural language models with billions of parameters, trained on one or more dialogue corpora, have accomplished state-of-the-art results in response generation ... | 0 |
With the rapid development of linguistic resources and tools in multiple languages, it is very important to develop cross-lingual natural language processing (NLP) systems. Cross-lingual dependency parsing is the task of inferring dependency trees for observed sentences in a target language where there are few or no la... | 0 |
The problem of event detection (ED) is identifying instances of specified types of events in text. Associated with each event mention, the event trigger (most often a single verb or nominalization) evokes that event. Our task, more precisely stated, involves identifying event triggers and classifying them into specific... | 0 |
Over the past several years, a series of shared tasks have been organized to foster research on the automatic detection of grammatical errors in compositions from a variety of genres. In this year's task, the organizers invited participants to "analyze the linguistic characteristics of scientific writing to promote the... | 0 |
Complex morphology is ubiquitous among the languages of the world. For example, roughly 80% of languages use morphology to mark verbal tense and 65% mark nominal case (Haspelmath et al., 2005) . While overlooked in the past, explicit modeling of morphology has been shown to improve performance on a number of downstream... | 0 |
Everyday many texts are generated on the Web, and a huge amount of texts have been accumulated so far. To extract knowledge about a certain topic from this large amount of texts, we need an information analysis technology to integrate, summarize and compare related texts. In order to analyze texts written at different ... | 0 |
Business taxonomies are important knowledge management tools for investment activities. When comparing different equity assets on the financial markets, investors tend to classify companies according to their main business sectors, market performances, and the products they manufacture. To discover companies with great... | 0 |
Metaphors are ubiquitous in human language, and while humans seem capable of easily understanding even complex metaphors, it remains difficult to implement computational methods that capture the depth and breadth of meaning inherent in novel metaphors. While many approaches have been implemented for metaphor detection,... | 0 |
In recent years, transformer-based models have achieved impressive performance across variant domains, such as natural language processing (Vaswani et al., 2017; Devlin et al., 2019; Raffel et al., 2020; Brown et al., 2020) , computer vision (Jiang et al., 2021; Dosovitskiy et al., 2020) and speech processing (Baevski ... | 0 |
Modern statistical machine translation (SMT) models, such as phrase-based SMT or hierarchical SMT, implicitly incorporate source language context. It has been shown, however, that such systems can still benet from the explicit addition of lexical, syntactic or other kinds of context-informed word features (Vickrey et a... | 0 |
Humor is the tendency of particular cognitive experiences to provoke laughter and provide amusement. Humor is an essential element of all verbal communication. Natural language systems should be able to handle humor as it will improve userfriendliness and human-computer interaction. Humour has been studied for a number... | 0 |
Chinese Language is commonly regarded as one of the most complicated languages. Its sentence structures are not so strict like English. Also, word segmentation usually has to be processed before deeper analysis, since word boundaries are not explicitly given in Chinese which is also different from English. In recent ye... | 0 |
With growing amount of biomedical information available in textual form, there has been considerable interest in applying NLP techniques and machine-learning (ML) methods to biomedical literature. Some of these projects involve extracting relations such as protein-protein interaction (Krallinger et al., 2008) .In biome... | 0 |
The logic of relational propositions is a process for rendering texts as expressions in propositional logic. It is based on Rhetorical Structure Theory, as defined by Mann and Thompson ( , 1988 . From rhetorical structures, relational propositions are defined, and from relational propositions, logical expressions are c... | 0 |
Growing interest in web service architectures raises questions about how such uses of language technologies and other resources interact with licensing constraints, including those that were imagined at an earlier time when resources and tools were more likely controlled by individual user organizations. Research commu... | 0 |
Entity embeddings are vector space representations of the entities from a given domain. Such representations are commonly used in cognitive science, where they are referred to as semantic spaces or conceptual spaces (Gärdenfors, 2000) . As another example, the field of Information Retrieval also has a long tradition of... | 0 |
The Internet breaks the physical distance barrier among individuals to allow them to share data and information online. However, it can also be used by people with malicious purposes to disseminate misinformation or fake news. Such misinformation may cause ethnics conflicts, financial losses and political unrest, which... | 0 |
Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky, 1993) is a linguistic theory that dominates the field of phonology, and some areas of morphology and syntax. The standard version of OT contains the following assumptions:• A grammar is a set of ordered constraints ({C i :i = 1, • • • , N }, >);• Each constraint C i is a functio... | 0 |
The FrameNet Brasil Lab has been engaged in developing resources and applications for Tourism (Torrent el al., 2014; Diniz da Costa et al., 2018) using Frames -in the way they were defined by Fillmore (1982) -as structured representations of interrelated concepts. Frames are, then, the pivot structures for Frame Semant... | 0 |
Handling the differences in word orders between pairs of languages is crucial in producing good machine translation. This is especially true for language pairs such as Urdu-English which have significantly different sentence structures. For example, the typical word order in Urdu is Subject Object Verb whereas the typi... | 0 |
Automatic quality assessment of spoken language translation (SLT), also named confidence estimation (CE), is an important topic because it allows to know if a system produces (or not) user-acceptable outputs. In interactive speech to speech translation, CE helps to judge if a translated turn is uncertain (and ask the s... | 0 |
Semantic parsing is the task of translating natural language utterances into a machine-interpretable meaning representation (MR). Progress in semantic parsing has been facilitated by the existence of corpora containing utterances annotated with MRs, the most commonly used being ATIS (Dahl et al., 1994) and GeoQuery (Ze... | 0 |
Automatic word alignment systems have reached a level of pe1t'ormance that make them useful for a number of applications including machine translation.A problem with many current systems, though, especially when applied in the construction of machine translaLion systems, is that they align smface strings with no inform... | 0 |
The question this experiment investigates is: can MTurk crowdsourcing add undocumented nicknames to existing Named Entity (NE) lexicons?This experiment seeks to produce nicknames to add to DAN Version 1.1, which contains 147,739 lines of names. While DAN does not list nicknames as a metadata type, it does include some ... | 0 |
While the discussion of automatic hate speech detection goes back at least two decades (Spertus, 1997; Greevy and Smeaton, 2004) , recent years have witnessed a renewed interest in the area. This is largely due to the proliferation of user-generated content as part of Web 2.0, which has given rise to continuous streams... | 0 |
The classic supervised machine learning paradigm is based on learning in isolation, a single predictive model for a task using a single dataset. This approach requires a large number of training examples and performs best for well-defined and narrow tasks. Transfer learning refers to a set of methods that extend this a... | 0 |
The algorithm we present is a specialization to TAGs of a more general one dedicated to second order Abstract Categorial Grammars (ACGs) (de Groote, 2001 ). Our aim is to give here an informal presentation of tools that can be used to design efficient parsing algorithms for formalisms more expressive than TAG. Therefor... | 0 |
Social media has given a platform to users to express their thoughts and beliefs. Then, it is not surprising that in the sea of content generated by users, we often find offensive language that can contain hatred, racism or profanity. Such content may be inappropriate for others and need to be identified so that they c... | 0 |
Text classification is used to classify texts such as news articles, E-mails, social media posts, and so on. A number of machine learning algorithms have been applied to text classification successfully. Text classification handles not only tasks to identify topics, such as politics, finance, sports or entertainment, b... | 0 |
Recently, bidirectional long short-term memory networks (bi-LSTM) (Graves and Schmidhuber, 2005; Hochreiter and Schmidhuber, 1997) have been used for language modelling (Ling et al., 2015) , POS tagging (Ling et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2015) , transition-based dependency parsing (Ballesteros et al., 2015; Kiperwasser a... | 0 |
A large family of NLP tasks such as named entity recognition (NER) and part-of-speech (PoS) tagging may be formulated as sequence labeling problems; text is treated as a sequence of words to be labeled with linguistic tags. Current state-of-the-art approaches for sequence labeling typically use the LSTM variant of bidi... | 0 |
After decades of research in natural language processing (NLP) mostly concentrated on English and other well-studied languages, recent years have seen an increased interest in less common languages, notably because of their growing presence on the Internet. Vietnamese, which belongs to the top 20 most spoken languages ... | 0 |
Many approaches and architectures have been proposed to develop goal-oriented dialog systems to help users accomplish various tasks (Gao et al., 2019a; Zhang et al., 2020b) . Unlike open-domain dialog systems, which are designed to mimic human conversations rather than complete specific tasks and are often implemented ... | 0 |
Bien qu'un effort soutenu ait été consacré cette dernière décennie à l'amélioration des systèmes de traduction automatique, les traducteurs professionnels préfèrent encore aujourd'hui se tourner vers les outils de la traduction assistée par ordinateur (TAO), parmi lesquels figurent les systèmes à mémoire de traduction ... | 0 |
Methods of investigating a large and noisy data set are of paramount importance in computational linguistics. Quite often, qualitative coding schemes are used to capture snapshots of the data set, but these may gloss over finer details or miss the larger picture. Add to that the messy and unpredictable nature of natura... | 0 |
Systems, such as treebank-based parsers (Charniak, 2001; Collins, 1999) and semantic role labelers (Gildea and Jurafsky, 2002; Xue, 2008) , are trained and tested on hand-annotated data. Evaluation is based on differences between system output and test data. Other systems use these programs to perform tasks unrelated t... | 0 |
Word embeddings are by now a well established instrument for exploring and comparing corpora in terms of lexical fields and semantic richness (Lenci, 2008) . More recently, diachronic word embeddings have been successfully applied to investigate lexical semantic change (e.g. Jatowt and Duh (2014) ; Hamilton et al. (201... | 0 |
An important part of the process of Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) involves inferring a large table of phrase pairs that are translations of each other from a large corpus of aligned sentences. These phrase pairs together with estimates of conditional probabilities and useful feature weights, called collectively... | 0 |
The purpose of a joint entity and relation extraction is to recognize entities and relations in a text. A task can be decomposed into two subtasks: named entity recognition (NER) and relation extraction (RE). In recent years, several researchers have built high-performance NER and RE systems based on contextualized rep... | 0 |
The aim of Information Extraction (IE) field is to develop tools and methodologies to identify, annotate and extract specific information from natural language text documents. Although the efforts in this field are not recent (Rillof, 2009) , its growing importance and necessity certainly are related to the large volum... | 0 |
In this paper we discuss the treatment of VPellipsis resolution in general, and particularly its interaction with presupposition. We share the opi= nion of those who argue that ellipsis resolution should take place at a semantic level [Dalrymple et al., 1991; Kehler, 1993; Sere, 1993] . We will provide a framework in w... | 0 |
Word sense disambiguation (WSD, i.e. picking the right sense for a given word from a fixed inventory) and entity linking (EL, i.e. identifying a particular named entity listed in a database given its mention in a text) are among the fashionable tasks in computational linguistics and natural language processing these da... | 0 |
Measuring similarity between words is a very important task within NLP with applications in tasks such as word sense disambiguation, information retrieval, and question answering. However, most of the existing approaches compute similarity on the word-level instead of the sense-level. Consequently, most evaluation data... | 0 |
The ability to extract real time news of disaster events automatically, can potentially help in better decision-making for planning and coordination of disaster relief efforts. Event extraction from text entails the extraction of particular types of events along with their arguments. Information obtained from extracted... | 0 |
The volume of chemical literature published has exploded over the past few years. The crossover between chemistry and molecular biology, disciplines which often study similar systems with contrasting techniques and describe their results in different languages, has also increased. Readers need to be able to navigate th... | 0 |
Text-based games are increasingly being used as a benchmark for progressing the state of the art in natural language RL. These games typically require solving goals that are defined by natural language descriptions such as "retrieve the coin in the cellar". The agent receives a textual description of the scene and can ... | 0 |
With the growth of the Internet over the decades, e-commerce is becoming more and more popular. Product reviews are helpful for both merchants and customers. Merchants analyze the reviews to get feedback to improve their products. Customers make use of the reviews to get a better understanding of the product. The opini... | 0 |
Named entity recognition (NER) (Sang and De Meulder, 2003) is one fundamental task for natural language processing (NLP), due to its wide application in information extraction and data mining (Lin et al., 2019b; Cao et al., 2019) . Traditionally, NER is presented as a sequence labeling problem and widely solved by cond... | 0 |
In several recent years, system combination has become not only a research focus, but also a popular evaluation task due to its help in improving machine translation quality. Generally, most combination approaches are based on a confusion network (CN) which can effectively re-shuffle the translation hypotheses and gene... | 0 |
Morphological analyzers support part-of-speech tagging, syntactic parsing, and semantic processing in computational linguistics and have applications in natural language processing from information retrieval to speech synthesis to machine translation. Arabic utilizes form-based morphology, which considers the form of u... | 0 |
The goal of the SemEval-2022 Task2 (Tayyar Madabushi et al., 2022 SubtaskA is to detect whether a multi-word expression in a sentence is idiomatic in usage. It is a multilingual task and consists of three languages: English, Portuguese and Galician.Multi-word expressions (MWEs) are expressions that consist of at least ... | 0 |
The automatic evaluation of machine translation (MT) system has become a hot research issue in MT circle. Compared with the huge amount of manpower cost and time cost of human evaluation, the automatic evaluations have lower cost and reusability. Although the automatic evaluation metrics have succeeded in the system le... | 0 |
Knowledge of chemical compounds has great value for developing new materials, new drugs, and so on. Therefore, databases of chemical compounds are being created. For example, CAS [1] , one of the largest databases, includes information on over 100 million chemical compounds. However, the creation of such databases stro... | 0 |
Automatically generated WA of parallel sentences, as introduced by the IBM models (Brown et al., 1990) , is a mapping between source words and target words. It plays a vital role in Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) as the initial step to generate translation rules in most state of the art SMT approaches. It is als... | 0 |
Over the past few years, many machine learning methods have been successfully applied to tasks in natural language processing (NLP). Especially, state-of-the-art performance can be achieved with kernel methods, such as Support Vector Machine (Cortes and Vapnik, 1995) .Examples include text categorization (Joachims, 199... | 0 |
Linguistic expressions form patterns in discourse. Passages of text can be analyzed in terms of the individuals, concepts, times and situations that they introduce to the discourse. In this paper we introduce a new semantic annotation task which focuses on the latter and in particular their aspectual nature. Situations... | 0 |
People who had a laryngectomy have their larynx surgically removed in the treatment of a condition such as laryngeal cancer (Bailey et al., 2006) . The removal of the larynx, as a treatment of cancer, prevents laryngectomees from producing speech sounds and inhibit their ability to communicate. Current approaches for i... | 0 |
We participated the workshop shared task for English-French and Romanian-English word alignment. We use IBM Model 4 as a baseline. The number of parameters in this model roughly scales as the product of the vocabulary sizes (ie number of types) in the source and target languages. In order to obtain better alignment per... | 0 |
This paper studies the contrast in acceptability of certain past participle-noun (PP-N) modification constructions and their corresponding verb-noun predicates (V-N), as illustrated in (1):(1) a. buy a ticket vs. *a bought ticket b. eat a sandwich vs. *an eaten sandwich c. feel sympathy vs. *a felt sympathy d. give an ... | 0 |
In the last few years, neural machine translation (NMT) has become the state-of-the-art paradigm in the field of machine translation (MT). This fastpaced progress has shaken the translation industry and the research world, causing different reactions. Part of the research world has responded with enthusiastic claims ab... | 0 |
Lexical semantic change detection (LSCD) aims to identify which words and how change their meaning over time. LSCD is usually divided into two subtasks: graded change and binary change detection.Graded LSCD is a subtask of ranking the intersection of (content-word) vocabularies according to their degree of change betwe... | 0 |
In English, noun compounds (NCs) are the lexical units that are most often used to convey expert knowledge (Daille et al., 2004; Nakov, 2013; Hendrickx et al., 2013) . Terminological NCs can be considered a type of multi-word term (MWT) because they are non-idiomatic multi-word units that belong to a specialized domain... | 0 |
Using semantic information to improve parsing performance has been an interesting research avenue since the early days of NLP, and several research works have tried to test the intuition that semantics should help parsing, as can be exemplified by the classical PP attachment experiments (Ratnaparkhi, 1994) . Although t... | 0 |
Language user interfaces to databases allow nonspecialists to retrieve and process information that might otherwise not be easily available to them. Much of the recent research in this area has focused on neural models that can generalize to new relational databases without any human intervention. Given a relational da... | 0 |
Inference rules are an important building block of many semantic applications, such as Question Answering (Ravichandran and Hovy, 2002) and Information Extraction (Shinyama and Sekine, 2006) . For example, given the sentence "Churros are coated with sugar", one can use the rule 'coat → cover' to answer the question "Wh... | 0 |
This paper focuses on new intermediate level information extraction tasks that are defined and implemented in an IE engine, named InfoXtract. InfoXtract is a domain independent, but portable information extraction engine that has been designed for information discovery applications.The last decade has seen great advanc... | 0 |
Over the long time of their history, humans have come to develop a wide variety of languages. Overall, these languages share basic structural similarities. The nature and extent of these similarities have been subject of many theories. As language structure is mostly described in terms of syntax trees, these are often ... | 0 |
Studies of the universal characteristics of sound systems in human languages can be pursued according to two different approaches, an inductive approach and a deductive one. The inductive approach involves analyzing the database built from a survey of a large number of languages to arrive at a list of "universal" featu... | 0 |
Finite-state automata (FSA) methods proved to elegantly solve many difficult problems in the field of natural language processing. Among the most recent ones are full and lazy compilation of the search network for speech recognition (Mohri et al., 2000a) , integrated speech translation (Vidal, 1997; Bangalore and Ricca... | 0 |
In recent years, Sentiment Analysis has become one of the most important applications of Natural Language Processing. In the beginning, the discipline tried to reutilize techniques used in fields like Document Classification, Information Extraction or Question-Answering, but soon researchers realized that the typology ... | 0 |
Supervised systems for word-sense disambiguation (WSD) often rely upon word collocations (i.e., sense-specific keywords) to provide clues on the most likely sense for a word given the context. In the second Senseval competition, these features figured predominantly among the feature sets for the leading systems (Mihalc... | 0 |
Analyzing political speech has gathered great interest within the NLP community. Researchers have analyzed political text to identify markers of persuasion (Guerini et al., 2008) , predict voting patterns (Thomas et al., 2006; Gerrish and Blei, 2011) , and detect ideological positions (Sim et al., 2013) . Studies have ... | 0 |
Grammatical theories always make a distinction between unmarked and marked phenomena. The general case is to use certain mechanisms which are likely to deal with regular behaviour. More complex mechanisms should be available when exceptional behaviour is present. However, this difference is not formally expressed in mo... | 0 |
Interactive systems capable of understanding natural language and responding in the form of natural language text have high potentials in various applications. In pursuit of building and evaluating such systems, we study learning agents for Interactive Fiction (IF) games. IF games are world-simulating software in which... | 0 |
Lexical pattern matching can be used to recognise phrasal patterns of different languages and which reflect morphological variations. For example, it is used to recognise regular English phrasal verbs like ".. give * up .." or reduplicated Chinese words like "GaoXing-Bu-GaoXing" (literally "happy-not-happy"). Simple ph... | 0 |
Tabular data is the most diverse format of data representation, spanning domains from nutrition to banking. It does, however, suffer from a lack of contextual information that could make its analysis more effective. Data scientists seek to overcome this limitation by using feature engineering (FE), which involves apply... | 0 |
Researchers have long sought to understand the underlying causes of militarized conflict. The origins of conflict can be broadly categorized as either dyadic or systemic. Dyadic pertains to entityspecific idiosyncrasies, competing ideologies (Leader Maynard, 2019) , e.g., dissimilar political systems (Rousseau et al., ... | 0 |
Since today it is common to share opinions on social media to discuss and argue about all kinds of topics, the interest of research in the field of artificial intelligence in argumentation is constantly rising. Tasks like counter-argument retrieval (Wachsmuth et al., 2018) , argument clustering (Reimers et al., 2019a) ... | 0 |
Much of statistical NLP research relies on some sort of manually annotated corpora to train their models, but these resources are extremely expensive to build, especially at a large scale, for example in treebanking (Marcus et al., 1993) . However the linguistic theories underlying these annotation efforts are often he... | 0 |
Open Information Extraction has been a critical NLP task as it can extract structured relational tuples (subject, relation, object) from unstructured text. The OpenIE system is fully domainindependent, and does not need input from users. It is also highly scalable and allows fast querying mechanism (Yates et al., 2007)... | 0 |
The social media has revolutionized the web by transforming users from being passive recipients of information into contributers and influencers. This has a direct impact on businesses, products and governance. Many of the users' posts are opinions about products and brands that impact other consumers' buying decisions... | 0 |
Humans, come to recognize an infinite variety of natural and man-made objects and make use of sounds to identify and categorize them. How do human beings arrive at this capacity? Different explanations have been offered to explain the processes, and those behind the learning of first words in particular.Evidence has ma... | 0 |
Statistical n-gram language models are useful for speech recognition and language translation systems because they provide an a-priori probability of a word sequence; these language models improve the accuracy of recognition or translation by a significant amount. In the case of trigram (n = 3) and blgram (n = 2) langu... | 0 |
In the real world, multiple modes of information are gathered to create knowledge in a way humans can understand. From structured language, we can express abstract ideas in a standardized fashion; while visualization can help us to detect and observe objects and intention. However, in mathematical terms, each kind of d... | 0 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.