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license: cc |
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# ACYD: Agricultural Crop Yield Dataset |
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## Overview |
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The Agricultural Crop Yield Dataset (ACYD) provides weekly, admin-2 level covariates for Argentina, Brazil, and the USA from 1979–2024. |
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It is designed for **crop yield prediction and benchmarking**. |
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## Variables |
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### Weather Variables |
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- Temperature 2m max |
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- Temperature 2m min |
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- Wind speed 10m |
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- Reference evapotranspiration (RefET) |
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- Vapor pressure |
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- Snow water equivalent |
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- Solar radiation |
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- Precipitation |
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**Source:** |
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- 1979-2024: AG-ERA5, collected daily and averaged weekly. 495 departments and no missing values. |
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**Processing:** Applied HYDE-3.5 cropland mask within admin boundaries for each year; values are weighted averages over cropland fraction. |
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### Land Surface Variables |
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* Leaf Area Index (LAI) Low (crops, grass, shrubs, etc.) |
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* Leaf Area Index (LAI) High (forests, woody vegetation) |
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* Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) |
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483 departments and there are some missing values (see below) |
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**Source:** |
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* LAI: ERA5 Landscape Reanalysis, collected weekly and averaged. |
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* NDVI: NOAA AVHRR Climate Data Record (CDR), collected weekly and averaged. |
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* 1982–2013: AVHRR NDVI (Version 4, derived from AVHRR Surface Reflectance). |
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* 2014–2024: NOAA Climate Data Record of AVHRR NDVI (updated product). |
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**Processing:** |
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Applied HYDE-3.5 cropland mask within admin boundaries for each year; values are weighted averages over cropland fraction. |
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LAI does not have missing values; however, NDVI does have missing weeks, particularly during the years 1994 and earlier. Missing values are kept as NaN. |
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### Soil Variables |
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- Bulk density |
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- Cation exchange capacity (CEC) |
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- Clay content |
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- Coarse fragments |
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- Nitrogen content |
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- Organic carbon density |
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- Organic carbon content |
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- Soil pH (H₂O) |
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- Sand fraction |
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- Silt fraction |
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**Source:** SoilGrids / ISRIC (static soil properties) published in 2020. 500 departments and no missing value. |
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**Processing:** Aggregated at the admin-2 level **(no cropland mask applied)**. |
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## Geography |
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- **Argentina** |
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- weather: 495 departments, |
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- Land Surface: 483 departments |
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- soil: 500 departments |
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- crop yields: vary 181-296 departments |
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## Crops Covered |
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- **Argentina:** Corn, Soybean, Sunflower, Wheat |
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## Time Span |
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- weather, LAI: 1979–2024 |
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- crop yields: 1970–2025 (depending on crop/country) |
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- soil: static (data was first published in 2020) |
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## Files |
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- **Raw files** — direct pulls from source datasets. |
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- **Processed CSVs** — one file per variable, aggregated to admin-2 units, with weighted average on the boundaries. |
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## Licenses |
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This dataset (ACYD) integrates multiple open data sources. |
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All preprocessing code and benchmark packaging is released under the **MIT License**. |
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The underlying data retains its original licenses: |
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- ERA5 / AgERA5: Copernicus license (CC BY 4.0 equivalent) |
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- NOAA AVHRR NDVI: Public Domain (U.S. Government work) |
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- HYDE 3.5 Cropland: CC BY 4.0 |
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- USDA NASS (USA yields): Public Domain |
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- IBGE (Brazil yields): CC BY 3.0 |
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- MAGyP (Argentina yields): CC BY 4.0 |
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- FAO (if included): CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 |
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Users must comply with these original licenses when reusing the dataset. |
