id float64 706 1.8k | title stringlengths 1 343 | abstract stringlengths 6 6.09k | categories stringlengths 5 125 | processed_abstract stringlengths 2 5.96k | tokenized_abstract stringlengths 8 8.74k | centroid stringlengths 2.1k 2.17k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
708.1749 | Efficiency of quantum Monte Carlo impurity solvers for dynamical
mean-field theory | Since the inception of the dynamical mean-field theory, numerous numerical
studies have relied on the Hirsch-Fye quantum Monte Carlo (HF-QMC) method for
solving the associated impurity problem. Recently developed continuous-time
algorithms (CT-QMC) avoid the Trotter discretization error and allow for faster
configuration updates, which makes them candidates for replacing HF-QMC. We
demonstrate, however, that a state-of-the-art implementation of HF-QMC (with
extrapolation of discretization delta_tau -> 0) is competitive with CT-QMC. A
quantitative analysis of Trotter errors in HF-QMC estimates and of appropriate
delta_tau values is included.
| cond-mat.str-el | since the inception of the dynamical meanfield theory numerous numerical studies have relied on the hirschfye quantum monte carlo hfqmc method for solving the associated impurity problem recently developed continuoustime algorithms ctqmc avoid the trotter discretization error and allow for faster configuration updates which makes them candidates for replacing hfqmc we demonstrate however that a stateoftheart implementation of hfqmc with extrapolation of discretization delta_tau 0 is competitive with ctqmc a quantitative analysis of trotter errors in hfqmc estimates and of appropriate delta_tau values is included | [['since', 'the', 'inception', 'of', 'the', 'dynamical', 'meanfield', 'theory', 'numerous', 'numerical', 'studies', 'have', 'relied', 'on', 'the', 'hirschfye', 'quantum', 'monte', 'carlo', 'hfqmc', 'method', 'for', 'solving', 'the', 'associated', 'impurity', 'problem', 'recently', 'developed', 'continuoustime', 'algorithms', 'ctqmc', 'avoid', 'the', 'trotter', 'discretization', 'error', 'and', 'allow', 'for', 'faster', 'configuration', 'updates', 'which', 'makes', 'them', 'candidates', 'for', 'replacing', 'hfqmc', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'however', 'that', 'a', 'stateoftheart', 'implementation', 'of', 'hfqmc', 'with', 'extrapolation', 'of', 'discretization', 'delta_tau', '0', 'is', 'competitive', 'with', 'ctqmc', 'a', 'quantitative', 'analysis', 'of', 'trotter', 'errors', 'in', 'hfqmc', 'estimates', 'and', 'of', 'appropriate', 'delta_tau', 'values', 'is', 'included']] | [-0.062163287439547917, 0.029609022103250025, -0.11508854883996879, 0.09930656827602755, -0.0362177138819414, -0.18751564841744872, 0.07959381459582159, 0.4041837931884562, -0.2016057350891916, -0.32685632300289236, 0.12321558739195633, -0.2566786251715658, -0.09269155224456507, 0.24064736664295197, -0.018072383565937773, 0.16770857290299745, 0.18663378940785633, -0.04436537435223513, -0.15413087015588056, -0.259202399177422, 0.19431852395098437, 0.08898264667265775, 0.24679751724881285, -0.0022257928462589486, 0.10806461235727458, 0.029121767844566528, -0.06385319215409896, 0.03589956788894008, -0.1318262077297036, 0.08881142866825137, 0.22849775995401775, 0.043022997584193944, 0.3442112937569618, -0.41636118760661167, -0.21446529751753104, 0.05898294312989011, 0.17457551143392372, 0.18119744032703558, -0.05130762869546957, -0.3081733899519724, 0.07820456830017707, -0.1710529243135277, -0.09924698057310546, -0.15661001453066573, -0.023760594471412547, 0.034183091652470035, -0.30950828867361824, 0.10103965544634883, 0.006435545365093276, 0.07678999781389446, 0.010159714659675956, -0.19731087952523546, 0.039717680500710714, 0.07863145904505954, 0.002214332509731107, 0.04207678584874991, 0.0859543894253233, -0.0784587363657706, -0.1980518011814531, 0.3229603425325716, -0.04707275809418848, -0.20458965615698083, 0.1677049032795955, -0.0377335421193172, -0.18318940391216207, 0.16301247626543044, 0.08029074993203668, 0.14532007504364147, -0.12569596587735063, 0.15925367444287986, 0.03444396160981234, 0.16093423624029932, -0.02879208534517709, -0.020315110568395432, 0.05216821315972244, 0.18497571752351874, 0.06107841008342803, 0.08001054893521702, -0.07290765143047526, -0.2519906051018659, -0.22273143661372802, -0.14719501735971255, -0.21385911746936687, 0.023064342794446822, -0.1147475729802596, -0.2312430323649417, 0.3057152392013985, 0.27506984730853756, 0.09034834673956912, 0.11043255290920463, 0.32274885725449115, 0.13622222223921734, 0.043145842844729915, 0.08320397835444002, 0.19894693448646542, 0.16921509493909337, 0.0534107220633065, -0.2822486611233805, 0.0782029665513512, 0.17223009388236438] |
708.175 | Dark-State Polaritons in Single- and Double-$\Lambda$ Media | We derive the properties of polaritons in single-$\Lambda$ and
double-$\Lambda$ media using a microscopic equation-of-motion technique. In
each case, the polaritonic dispersion relation and composition arise from a
matrix eigenvalue problem for arbitrary control field strengths. We show that
the double-$\Lambda$ medium can be used to up- or down-convert single photons
while preserving quantum coherence. The existence of a dark-state polariton
protects this single-photon four-wave mixing effect against incoherent decay of
the excited atomic states. The efficiency of this conversion is limited mainly
by the sample size and the lifetime of the metastable state.
| physics.atom-ph | we derive the properties of polaritons in singlelambda and doublelambda media using a microscopic equationofmotion technique in each case the polaritonic dispersion relation and composition arise from a matrix eigenvalue problem for arbitrary control field strengths we show that the doublelambda medium can be used to up or downconvert single photons while preserving quantum coherence the existence of a darkstate polariton protects this singlephoton fourwave mixing effect against incoherent decay of the excited atomic states the efficiency of this conversion is limited mainly by the sample size and the lifetime of the metastable state | [['we', 'derive', 'the', 'properties', 'of', 'polaritons', 'in', 'singlelambda', 'and', 'doublelambda', 'media', 'using', 'a', 'microscopic', 'equationofmotion', 'technique', 'in', 'each', 'case', 'the', 'polaritonic', 'dispersion', 'relation', 'and', 'composition', 'arise', 'from', 'a', 'matrix', 'eigenvalue', 'problem', 'for', 'arbitrary', 'control', 'field', 'strengths', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'doublelambda', 'medium', 'can', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'up', 'or', 'downconvert', 'single', 'photons', 'while', 'preserving', 'quantum', 'coherence', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'a', 'darkstate', 'polariton', 'protects', 'this', 'singlephoton', 'fourwave', 'mixing', 'effect', 'against', 'incoherent', 'decay', 'of', 'the', 'excited', 'atomic', 'states', 'the', 'efficiency', 'of', 'this', 'conversion', 'is', 'limited', 'mainly', 'by', 'the', 'sample', 'size', 'and', 'the', 'lifetime', 'of', 'the', 'metastable', 'state']] | [-0.11930950214848557, 0.23985851151333687, -0.05587379115217544, 0.05481969800336841, 0.011817234171990385, -0.1080905521199345, 0.10160294049568078, 0.38146381002870644, -0.2823039014660258, -0.2607178589220139, 0.003593884844412195, -0.27078367928736546, -0.052495708399293746, 0.15430196480667022, 0.05759770222047859, 0.07754187963585904, 0.033692357021364125, -0.039659096205488166, -0.00861947793523444, -0.1381750266721591, 0.33529210119864883, 0.009670323131239398, 0.34220478563827084, 0.07801737235561806, 0.10338869620055119, 0.008223722837469045, 0.07042278161153515, -0.07145562428891897, -0.09655712710910519, 0.111490004733725, 0.22204342040362113, 0.0565807127809905, 0.23515328247734207, -0.4291449657518589, -0.2049952119271806, 0.08462272310986164, 0.17826230542615373, 0.201059263065814, -0.0882300178946412, -0.34086592613342914, 0.014439681408669245, -0.15098387868876786, -0.1401997109270714, -0.05537111136784896, -0.03210569009001545, -0.0024960145281201743, -0.2619473762869676, 0.07366348177868318, 0.03870413273305414, 0.02672337274007658, -0.03201670508752478, -0.04908154202387371, -0.02216573433078667, 0.08540771542701553, -0.04060201738475564, -0.05875991059695073, 0.18360160482413274, -0.12510421541717617, -0.08349527906071633, 0.38575702233913733, -0.13773583270549933, -0.17210806755626457, 0.15407552509667707, -0.11073881307953691, -0.04068303166175301, 0.1667497392714103, 0.15892522127746525, 0.13232393362658454, -0.12654642339676936, 0.0766140998104597, -0.03488533061612001, 0.22022174666338462, 0.09970907402779669, 0.17383590718592576, 0.1492797005327141, 0.186140160809489, 0.02875919334907481, 0.17365896527313607, -0.09169413315805983, -0.0899104725747825, -0.25873795133876676, -0.14081950134231133, -0.19205542877712783, 0.09707496520825365, -0.05190509567089859, -0.12017077201620695, 0.4084075610846915, 0.11482317719925592, 0.15225200929203409, -0.007619176139222815, 0.3146535764309637, 0.17414567137553177, 0.03994777700566548, 0.03347449672923602, 0.31595605639542673, 0.20506259911208155, 0.054239314250113004, -0.3481319087106695, 0.0432536095985152, 0.020071115859962525] |
708.1751 | Superconducting islands, phase fluctuations and the
superconductor-insulator transition | Properties of disordered thin films are discussed based on the viewpoint that
superconducting islands are formed in the system. These lead to superconducting
correlations confined in space, which are known to form spontaneously in thin
films. Application of a perpendicular magnetic field can drive the system from
the superconducting state (characterized by phase-rigidity between the sample
edges) to an insulating state in which there are no phase-correlations between
the edges of the system. On the insulating side the existence of
superconducting islands leads to a non-monotonic magnetoresistance. Several
other features seen in experiment are explained.
| cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.dis-nn | properties of disordered thin films are discussed based on the viewpoint that superconducting islands are formed in the system these lead to superconducting correlations confined in space which are known to form spontaneously in thin films application of a perpendicular magnetic field can drive the system from the superconducting state characterized by phaserigidity between the sample edges to an insulating state in which there are no phasecorrelations between the edges of the system on the insulating side the existence of superconducting islands leads to a nonmonotonic magnetoresistance several other features seen in experiment are explained | [['properties', 'of', 'disordered', 'thin', 'films', 'are', 'discussed', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'viewpoint', 'that', 'superconducting', 'islands', 'are', 'formed', 'in', 'the', 'system', 'these', 'lead', 'to', 'superconducting', 'correlations', 'confined', 'in', 'space', 'which', 'are', 'known', 'to', 'form', 'spontaneously', 'in', 'thin', 'films', 'application', 'of', 'a', 'perpendicular', 'magnetic', 'field', 'can', 'drive', 'the', 'system', 'from', 'the', 'superconducting', 'state', 'characterized', 'by', 'phaserigidity', 'between', 'the', 'sample', 'edges', 'to', 'an', 'insulating', 'state', 'in', 'which', 'there', 'are', 'no', 'phasecorrelations', 'between', 'the', 'edges', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'on', 'the', 'insulating', 'side', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'superconducting', 'islands', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'nonmonotonic', 'magnetoresistance', 'several', 'other', 'features', 'seen', 'in', 'experiment', 'are', 'explained']] | [-0.21105371778236426, 0.20223656092771017, -0.04660856512751668, 0.0057224625662127705, -0.00879544808350979, -0.13364485835042247, 0.03094078455630571, 0.40447844503487046, -0.25014299998416545, -0.31666233293474355, 0.03711769668301171, -0.3253986771079771, -0.09926013022344163, 0.21556823669457215, 0.010421881977310206, -0.0009515503163825958, -0.03623115617355847, -0.03925732528404432, -0.09328391894133405, -0.20648563149424784, 0.3382334592009082, -0.03743746464309144, 0.32609246371987655, 0.029082923072410075, 0.004536965108932333, -0.08889560413019276, 0.14952702617688857, 0.08134482567603551, -0.1158027368170572, 0.03715863648524627, 0.25746349992349427, -0.06315969627603214, 0.18309545138494132, -0.533423069121048, -0.1725307593835478, 0.03233000732329179, 0.14445722016426635, 0.10439071375034512, -0.07158842673426137, -0.3225902427344563, 0.057053830682676526, -0.09322434389577346, -0.10584106143722509, -0.0555886111935561, -0.04253756835378033, 0.002276454408197327, -0.19906277617345505, 0.06894686901842818, 0.09256641177876675, 0.058051377594312455, -0.07015525054265843, -0.09517971941076735, -0.09469045653562755, 0.06472048495321515, 0.05438819159060083, 0.045475511930565884, 0.16115328928138664, -0.1258561133755064, -0.09512329058587908, 0.28372039515128794, -0.013097640505912615, -0.09438949409238201, 0.1971047168691702, -0.18321287786548443, -0.04342170464905336, 0.17126691552929263, 0.14246866210026943, 0.06281698417869654, -0.13552760394838728, 0.044960350115248494, -0.04297002074011463, 0.19666236476412916, 0.05410900816539342, 0.10637053698573777, 0.2733451057091712, 0.21177513520926872, 0.05011704920771274, 0.19059418310086798, -0.0853101966798583, -0.09339891788252491, -0.256238306830439, -0.1555657308806289, -0.21618679328326215, 0.02623418138976744, -0.037364635983125324, -0.24720499410908273, 0.3689292114490564, 0.15550155050438294, 0.22729965284506373, -0.11189134049655354, 0.19992000611617844, 0.06995928013063174, 0.09215950321881695, 0.06042607923959719, 0.2808735964700897, 0.16394002682856343, 0.11504257627932524, -0.23235669317704805, 0.13152811924946753, 0.00920677442906147] |
708.1752 | Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction | Context.A new reduction of the astrometric data as produced by the Hipparcos
mission has been published, claiming accuracies for nearly all stars brighter
than magnitude Hp = 8 to be better, by up to a factor 4, than in the original
catalogue. Aims.The new Hipparcos astrometric catalogue is checked for the
quality of the data and the consistency of the formal errors as well as the
possible presence of error correlations. The differences with the earlier
publication are explained. Methods. The internal errors are followed through
the reduction process, and the external errors are investigated on the basis of
a comparison with radio observations of a small selection of stars, and the
distribution of negative parallaxes. Error correlation levels are investigated
and the reduction by more than a factor 10 as obtained in the new catalogue is
explained. Results.The formal errors on the parallaxes for the new catalogue
are confirmed. The presence of a small amount of additional noise, though
unlikely, cannot be ruled out. Conclusions. The new reduction of the Hipparcos
astrometric data provides an improvement by a factor 2.2 in the total weight
compared to the catalogue published in 1997, and provides much improved data
for a wide range of studies on stellar luminosities and local galactic
kinematics.
| astro-ph | contexta new reduction of the astrometric data as produced by the hipparcos mission has been published claiming accuracies for nearly all stars brighter than magnitude hp 8 to be better by up to a factor 4 than in the original catalogue aimsthe new hipparcos astrometric catalogue is checked for the quality of the data and the consistency of the formal errors as well as the possible presence of error correlations the differences with the earlier publication are explained methods the internal errors are followed through the reduction process and the external errors are investigated on the basis of a comparison with radio observations of a small selection of stars and the distribution of negative parallaxes error correlation levels are investigated and the reduction by more than a factor 10 as obtained in the new catalogue is explained resultsthe formal errors on the parallaxes for the new catalogue are confirmed the presence of a small amount of additional noise though unlikely cannot be ruled out conclusions the new reduction of the hipparcos astrometric data provides an improvement by a factor 22 in the total weight compared to the catalogue published in 1997 and provides much improved data for a wide range of studies on stellar luminosities and local galactic kinematics | [['contexta', 'new', 'reduction', 'of', 'the', 'astrometric', 'data', 'as', 'produced', 'by', 'the', 'hipparcos', 'mission', 'has', 'been', 'published', 'claiming', 'accuracies', 'for', 'nearly', 'all', 'stars', 'brighter', 'than', 'magnitude', 'hp', '8', 'to', 'be', 'better', 'by', 'up', 'to', 'a', 'factor', '4', 'than', 'in', 'the', 'original', 'catalogue', 'aimsthe', 'new', 'hipparcos', 'astrometric', 'catalogue', 'is', 'checked', 'for', 'the', 'quality', 'of', 'the', 'data', 'and', 'the', 'consistency', 'of', 'the', 'formal', 'errors', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'possible', 'presence', 'of', 'error', 'correlations', 'the', 'differences', 'with', 'the', 'earlier', 'publication', 'are', 'explained', 'methods', 'the', 'internal', 'errors', 'are', 'followed', 'through', 'the', 'reduction', 'process', 'and', 'the', 'external', 'errors', 'are', 'investigated', 'on', 'the', 'basis', 'of', 'a', 'comparison', 'with', 'radio', 'observations', 'of', 'a', 'small', 'selection', 'of', 'stars', 'and', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'negative', 'parallaxes', 'error', 'correlation', 'levels', 'are', 'investigated', 'and', 'the', 'reduction', 'by', 'more', 'than', 'a', 'factor', '10', 'as', 'obtained', 'in', 'the', 'new', 'catalogue', 'is', 'explained', 'resultsthe', 'formal', 'errors', 'on', 'the', 'parallaxes', 'for', 'the', 'new', 'catalogue', 'are', 'confirmed', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'a', 'small', 'amount', 'of', 'additional', 'noise', 'though', 'unlikely', 'can', 'not', 'be', 'ruled', 'out', 'conclusions', 'the', 'new', 'reduction', 'of', 'the', 'hipparcos', 'astrometric', 'data', 'provides', 'an', 'improvement', 'by', 'a', 'factor', '22', 'in', 'the', 'total', 'weight', 'compared', 'to', 'the', 'catalogue', 'published', 'in', '1997', 'and', 'provides', 'much', 'improved', 'data', 'for', 'a', 'wide', 'range', 'of', 'studies', 'on', 'stellar', 'luminosities', 'and', 'local', 'galactic', 'kinematics']] | [-0.08240039390012888, 0.06578230189576667, -0.06216351146188875, 0.09382373391727014, -0.09075758430131134, -0.035375387095181, 0.10864293771751579, 0.3725286409258842, -0.1740266346372664, -0.4163683942297385, 0.10121729435909185, -0.3070276188242826, -0.0013162517465562338, 0.26265281450469047, -0.09381944532506167, 0.045954470367481313, 0.1281848067096213, -0.014073853176974115, -0.07904662938297925, -0.3070480448371243, 0.2667047146840819, 0.12809644281598073, 0.21065252392186917, -0.05034274937851088, 0.06670302967374613, -0.06546854967656102, -0.14168650256913332, 0.03430340498064955, -0.09864510712726596, 0.10746728603151583, 0.20547069472571214, 0.11493599231221846, 0.24033830402685064, -0.3277118829300716, -0.20924423253052823, 0.03647501704371756, 0.14735790731695791, 0.09966602582661878, -0.02061469869756062, -0.3090080787405549, 0.09510540017370311, -0.1930014648703426, -0.13704932906797954, -0.059367304798659114, 0.047195936703965775, 0.01773609775007658, -0.2448433025163554, 0.12342288177266407, 0.04272511813407098, 0.15529963435339075, -0.09062428960931443, -0.18957173657004855, -0.03820606959939358, 0.11838480625079856, 0.0230695467939811, 0.10044165003235407, 0.0921098828005294, -0.11383689432404935, -0.0956050128384959, 0.4153497632592916, -0.08365798861757087, -0.12181264139667508, 0.1411643716562096, -0.13524636782350993, -0.14132040064737555, 0.14532138623208518, 0.14292964360321916, 0.06555619751992968, -0.2031537076968345, -0.003694838899121221, 0.01889629413351594, 0.19597364771068984, 0.06973344751722402, 0.04808095136125173, 0.1766510330096242, 0.1415438417619693, 0.0463884675099204, 0.09999223810598432, -0.17296741658134296, -0.02888867372807692, -0.2816890054471081, -0.09951360535896606, -0.14700837958703883, 0.04260794829661747, -0.12735527251761164, -0.10420862871355244, 0.3520006320993638, 0.1250524475993145, 0.1804536201187321, 0.03252500922951315, 0.29396027230347194, 0.08642424547911755, 0.11225018604752784, 0.07189647752702946, 0.3333699735325007, 0.11800908890242377, 0.060028127447835034, -0.17275187909337028, 0.10139848714918896, -0.011418475100903639] |
708.1753 | Measurement of the $B^0\to X_{u}^- \ell^+ {\nu_\ell} $ decays near the
kinematic endpoint of the lepton spectrum and search for violation of isospin
symmetry | We present the first measurement of the $B^0\to X_{u}^- \ell^+ {\nu_\ell} $
partial branching fraction in the end-point region of the lepton momentum
spectrum, above the threshold for $B\to X_c\ell {\nu_\ell}$ decays. The
analysis is based on a sample of 383 million $\Upsilon(4S)$ decays into $B{\bar
B}$ pairs collected with the {\sc BaBar} detector at the PEP-II $e^+e^-$
storage rings. We select $B^0{\bar B}^0$ events by partially reconstructing one
$\B$ meson via the ${\bar B}^0\to D^{*+} \ell^- \bar{\nu}_\ell$ decays then
select $B^0\to X_{u}^- \ell^+ {\nu_\ell} $ decays identifying a second high
momentum lepton. In the momentum interval ranging from 2.3 to 2.6 GeV/c we
measure the partial branching fraction $\Delta{\cal B}(B^0\to
X_u\ell\nu)=(1.30\pm0.21_{stat}\pm0.07_{syst})\times 10^{-4}$ where the first
error is statistical and the second is systematic. By comparing this
measurement with the one obtained from untagged B decays we obtain
$R^{+/0}=\Delta{\cal B}(B^0\to X_u\ell\nu)/\Delta{\cal B}(B^+\to X_u\ell\nu)=
1.18 \pm 0.35_{stat} \pm 0.17_{syst}$. Using this measurement we extract a
limit on the contributions from processes breaking isospin symmetry in
charmless semileptonic B decays.
| hep-ex | we present the first measurement of the b0to x_u ell nu_ell partial branching fraction in the endpoint region of the lepton momentum spectrum above the threshold for bto x_cell nu_ell decays the analysis is based on a sample of 383 million upsilon4s decays into bbar b pairs collected with the sc babar detector at the pepii ee storage rings we select b0bar b0 events by partially reconstructing one b meson via the bar b0to d ell barnu_ell decays then select b0to x_u ell nu_ell decays identifying a second high momentum lepton in the momentum interval ranging from 23 to 26 gevc we measure the partial branching fraction deltacal bb0to x_uellnu130pm021_statpm007_systtimes 104 where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic by comparing this measurement with the one obtained from untagged b decays we obtain r0deltacal bb0to x_uellnudeltacal bbto x_uellnu 118 pm 035_stat pm 017_syst using this measurement we extract a limit on the contributions from processes breaking isospin symmetry in charmless semileptonic b decays | [['we', 'present', 'the', 'first', 'measurement', 'of', 'the', 'b0to', 'x_u', 'ell', 'nu_ell', 'partial', 'branching', 'fraction', 'in', 'the', 'endpoint', 'region', 'of', 'the', 'lepton', 'momentum', 'spectrum', 'above', 'the', 'threshold', 'for', 'bto', 'x_cell', 'nu_ell', 'decays', 'the', 'analysis', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'a', 'sample', 'of', '383', 'million', 'upsilon4s', 'decays', 'into', 'bbar', 'b', 'pairs', 'collected', 'with', 'the', 'sc', 'babar', 'detector', 'at', 'the', 'pepii', 'ee', 'storage', 'rings', 'we', 'select', 'b0bar', 'b0', 'events', 'by', 'partially', 'reconstructing', 'one', 'b', 'meson', 'via', 'the', 'bar', 'b0to', 'd', 'ell', 'barnu_ell', 'decays', 'then', 'select', 'b0to', 'x_u', 'ell', 'nu_ell', 'decays', 'identifying', 'a', 'second', 'high', 'momentum', 'lepton', 'in', 'the', 'momentum', 'interval', 'ranging', 'from', '23', 'to', '26', 'gevc', 'we', 'measure', 'the', 'partial', 'branching', 'fraction', 'deltacal', 'bb0to', 'x_uellnu130pm021_statpm007_systtimes', '104', 'where', 'the', 'first', 'error', 'is', 'statistical', 'and', 'the', 'second', 'is', 'systematic', 'by', 'comparing', 'this', 'measurement', 'with', 'the', 'one', 'obtained', 'from', 'untagged', 'b', 'decays', 'we', 'obtain', 'r0deltacal', 'bb0to', 'x_uellnudeltacal', 'bbto', 'x_uellnu', '118', 'pm', '035_stat', 'pm', '017_syst', 'using', 'this', 'measurement', 'we', 'extract', 'a', 'limit', 'on', 'the', 'contributions', 'from', 'processes', 'breaking', 'isospin', 'symmetry', 'in', 'charmless', 'semileptonic', 'b', 'decays']] | [-0.10198084663408838, 0.23441635121400498, -0.038202932500714284, 0.06046730765034532, -0.04142201332641499, -0.13892155473832019, 0.14695886921958987, 0.21154990054447181, -0.21735746679706094, -0.20988907763931136, -0.05784333722741106, -0.47307500273266934, 0.10841747842185338, 0.10181274224703217, 0.10875535570573125, 0.12408431861057924, 0.10262673109862375, -0.022690717246591673, -0.03224254867223942, -0.15103368084553792, 0.18904441294277677, -0.03309246709986781, 0.18678248037370096, 0.030341433714034024, -0.04762906071755989, 0.010880414214309143, -0.09158314046918513, -0.1344367443520275, -0.23180446800087456, -0.0236757901325093, 0.20928387246846644, 0.15386860857006185, 0.11578175195012681, -0.25598190458734943, 0.057598451244997684, 0.20968459948885793, 0.19532337254896667, 0.035598665007291745, 0.00971164982274221, -0.4163623670613544, 0.20822412306616395, -0.18511353263643032, 0.028401745364694676, -0.04645117903663343, 0.10434752904017519, -0.14508469243134772, -0.4301643811964563, 0.1565738489543325, -0.08741041564133874, 0.08020462109909757, 0.03444445226341486, -0.28660005296042523, -0.0026406308792253828, -0.019680072952594076, 0.07737064158821606, 0.15376288458699164, 0.20866094049867473, -0.05163778531255189, -0.17324507471480585, 0.3757693861836787, -0.05358794512319731, -0.14855031933243565, 0.0740283138757884, -0.29413941611032585, -0.18024412764421438, 0.20395085177390102, 0.2757903251201146, 0.08026318288620081, -0.195943730313516, 0.13566654441142106, -0.0353774911469508, 0.17448817025754393, 0.10426239400049267, 0.07323276429503624, 0.12048839885247611, 0.17224320235390286, -0.030843777900203043, 0.0721526228192245, -0.17008542153920678, 0.018985208499922145, -0.4402218928317661, -0.12704707145320704, -0.05941744598774066, 0.16646741161568332, -0.03964314319839432, -0.012969209738827732, 0.3648023256852714, 0.02036950301620473, 0.38985829443456776, 0.03285001117666686, 0.32620884736230515, 0.06309317351284188, 0.015076613913417464, 0.09649379178158568, 0.2805416903672566, 0.2192527602588677, 0.1334181102708572, -0.3286054357782824, 0.01058420723431414, 0.03615140565526411] |
708.1754 | Treatment of Linear and Nonlinear Dielectric Property of Molecular
Monolayer and Submonolayer with Microscopic Dipole Lattice Model: I. Second
Harmonic Generation and Sum-Frequency Generation | In the currently accepted models of the nonlinear optics, the nonlinear
radiation was treated as the result of an infinitesimally thin polarization
sheet layer, and a three layer model was generally employed. The direct
consequence of this approach is that an apriori dielectric constant, which
still does not have a clear definition, has to be assigned to this polarization
layer. Because the Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) and the Sum-Frequency
Generation vibrational Spectroscopy (SFG-VS) have been proven as the sensitive
probes for interfaces with the submonolayer coverage, the treatment based on
the more realistic discrete induced dipole model needs to be developed. Here we
show that following the molecular optics theory approach the SHG, as well as
the SFG-VS, radiation from the monolayer or submonolayer at an interface can be
rigorously treated as the radiation from an induced dipole lattice at the
interface. In this approach, the introduction of the polarization sheet is no
longer necessary. Therefore, the ambiguity of the unaccounted dielectric
constant of the polarization layer is no longer an issue. Moreover, the
anisotropic two dimensional microscopic local field factors can be explicitly
expressed with the linear polarizability tensors of the interfacial molecules.
Based on the planewise dipole sum rule in the molecular monolayer, crucial
experimental tests of this microscopic treatment with SHG and SFG-VS are
discussed. Many puzzles in the literature of surface SHG and SFG spectroscopy
studies can also be understood or resolved in this framework. This new
treatment may provide a solid basis for the quantitative analysis in the
surface SHG and SFG studies.
| physics.chem-ph physics.optics | in the currently accepted models of the nonlinear optics the nonlinear radiation was treated as the result of an infinitesimally thin polarization sheet layer and a three layer model was generally employed the direct consequence of this approach is that an apriori dielectric constant which still does not have a clear definition has to be assigned to this polarization layer because the second harmonic generation shg and the sumfrequency generation vibrational spectroscopy sfgvs have been proven as the sensitive probes for interfaces with the submonolayer coverage the treatment based on the more realistic discrete induced dipole model needs to be developed here we show that following the molecular optics theory approach the shg as well as the sfgvs radiation from the monolayer or submonolayer at an interface can be rigorously treated as the radiation from an induced dipole lattice at the interface in this approach the introduction of the polarization sheet is no longer necessary therefore the ambiguity of the unaccounted dielectric constant of the polarization layer is no longer an issue moreover the anisotropic two dimensional microscopic local field factors can be explicitly expressed with the linear polarizability tensors of the interfacial molecules based on the planewise dipole sum rule in the molecular monolayer crucial experimental tests of this microscopic treatment with shg and sfgvs are discussed many puzzles in the literature of surface shg and sfg spectroscopy studies can also be understood or resolved in this framework this new treatment may provide a solid basis for the quantitative analysis in the surface shg and sfg studies | [['in', 'the', 'currently', 'accepted', 'models', 'of', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'optics', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'radiation', 'was', 'treated', 'as', 'the', 'result', 'of', 'an', 'infinitesimally', 'thin', 'polarization', 'sheet', 'layer', 'and', 'a', 'three', 'layer', 'model', 'was', 'generally', 'employed', 'the', 'direct', 'consequence', 'of', 'this', 'approach', 'is', 'that', 'an', 'apriori', 'dielectric', 'constant', 'which', 'still', 'does', 'not', 'have', 'a', 'clear', 'definition', 'has', 'to', 'be', 'assigned', 'to', 'this', 'polarization', 'layer', 'because', 'the', 'second', 'harmonic', 'generation', 'shg', 'and', 'the', 'sumfrequency', 'generation', 'vibrational', 'spectroscopy', 'sfgvs', 'have', 'been', 'proven', 'as', 'the', 'sensitive', 'probes', 'for', 'interfaces', 'with', 'the', 'submonolayer', 'coverage', 'the', 'treatment', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'more', 'realistic', 'discrete', 'induced', 'dipole', 'model', 'needs', 'to', 'be', 'developed', 'here', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'following', 'the', 'molecular', 'optics', 'theory', 'approach', 'the', 'shg', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'the', 'sfgvs', 'radiation', 'from', 'the', 'monolayer', 'or', 'submonolayer', 'at', 'an', 'interface', 'can', 'be', 'rigorously', 'treated', 'as', 'the', 'radiation', 'from', 'an', 'induced', 'dipole', 'lattice', 'at', 'the', 'interface', 'in', 'this', 'approach', 'the', 'introduction', 'of', 'the', 'polarization', 'sheet', 'is', 'no', 'longer', 'necessary', 'therefore', 'the', 'ambiguity', 'of', 'the', 'unaccounted', 'dielectric', 'constant', 'of', 'the', 'polarization', 'layer', 'is', 'no', 'longer', 'an', 'issue', 'moreover', 'the', 'anisotropic', 'two', 'dimensional', 'microscopic', 'local', 'field', 'factors', 'can', 'be', 'explicitly', 'expressed', 'with', 'the', 'linear', 'polarizability', 'tensors', 'of', 'the', 'interfacial', 'molecules', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'planewise', 'dipole', 'sum', 'rule', 'in', 'the', 'molecular', 'monolayer', 'crucial', 'experimental', 'tests', 'of', 'this', 'microscopic', 'treatment', 'with', 'shg', 'and', 'sfgvs', 'are', 'discussed', 'many', 'puzzles', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'of', 'surface', 'shg', 'and', 'sfg', 'spectroscopy', 'studies', 'can', 'also', 'be', 'understood', 'or', 'resolved', 'in', 'this', 'framework', 'this', 'new', 'treatment', 'may', 'provide', 'a', 'solid', 'basis', 'for', 'the', 'quantitative', 'analysis', 'in', 'the', 'surface', 'shg', 'and', 'sfg', 'studies']] | [-0.07461973334207826, 0.12006050795535259, -0.0692409024707944, 0.02963172475370698, -0.05139307492115473, -0.10860986052649929, 0.013495749086848231, 0.41618340878823507, -0.2642000299860979, -0.2823633768374702, 0.0598655608582314, -0.2474335907733771, -0.1615582293765583, 0.19163108256406328, 0.012363742020502977, 0.03827154475847687, -0.014846083823333727, -0.02980234594424509, -0.00868611208096161, -0.1815656813818251, 0.2721039461196629, 0.08359956015843593, 0.30138312338340434, 0.11744079602237226, 0.06195444986586557, -0.007398444845283165, -0.0011915467654133817, 0.027442738741766733, -0.11839791893369495, 0.1096848244223914, 0.2359816079625004, 0.020039900817549586, 0.24294838202928812, -0.4743917013195992, -0.23388572370249358, 0.03927530323840127, 0.1166289736304327, 0.15740248044465346, -0.06001313545965138, -0.23228944001034452, 0.01958751970909333, -0.1271886353812213, -0.1251530886667596, -0.0645218250696848, -0.03928402587744237, -0.012276201874945413, -0.2606089728107995, 0.08570842036389897, 0.06661015935921642, 0.07142008391321285, -0.07903106079053167, -0.1179972130620439, -0.05385298951318784, 0.10204549920872028, 0.04208267774751794, 0.06139826294984161, 0.14403690443173095, -0.11930917243325222, -0.10356472754069143, 0.41475835957850693, -0.0795482174298139, -0.18093059829921834, 0.16016889548704666, -0.1698678765991333, -0.09400515181577768, 0.1396197714244472, 0.13822258401005066, 0.15859435151823967, -0.18358839241287703, 0.036699561272423485, -0.02972312841848887, 0.21887040460402515, 0.08836134913280526, 0.04362231289790327, 0.23294843182308375, 0.1790538456396051, 0.02568687634983785, 0.123124549453915, -0.08720288201776996, -0.03827275650336585, -0.29902403624474655, -0.16151663430165572, -0.21221566587461863, 0.04771930556287962, -0.05589469576238406, -0.1759821580005411, 0.3652565758765932, 0.10813459143851582, 0.11866258616026505, -0.030054840318594084, 0.32330936342586514, 0.14674210132748353, 0.10457301125675983, -0.01649408100955623, 0.3186029477275053, 0.1454357497415828, 0.09307589215877174, -0.2209654678473954, 0.08887830410145427, 0.014827046025153032] |
708.1755 | Biperiodic superlattices and the transparent state | Coquelin et al. studied biperiodic semiconductor superlattices, which consist
of alternating cell types, one with wide wells and the other narrow wells,
separated by equal strength barriers. If the wells were identical, it would be
a simply periodic system of $N = 2n$ half-cells. When asymmetry is introduced,
an allowed band splits at the Bragg point into two disjoint allowed bands. The
Bragg resonance turns into a transparent state located close to the band edge
of the lower(upper) band when the first(second) well is the wider. Analysis of
this system gives insight into how band splitting occurs. Further we consider
semi-periodic systems having $N= 2n+1$ half-cells. Surprisingly these have very
different transmission properties, with an envelope of maximum transmission
probability that crosses the envelope of minima at the transparent point.
| quant-ph | coquelin et al studied biperiodic semiconductor superlattices which consist of alternating cell types one with wide wells and the other narrow wells separated by equal strength barriers if the wells were identical it would be a simply periodic system of n 2n halfcells when asymmetry is introduced an allowed band splits at the bragg point into two disjoint allowed bands the bragg resonance turns into a transparent state located close to the band edge of the lowerupper band when the firstsecond well is the wider analysis of this system gives insight into how band splitting occurs further we consider semiperiodic systems having n 2n1 halfcells surprisingly these have very different transmission properties with an envelope of maximum transmission probability that crosses the envelope of minima at the transparent point | [['coquelin', 'et', 'al', 'studied', 'biperiodic', 'semiconductor', 'superlattices', 'which', 'consist', 'of', 'alternating', 'cell', 'types', 'one', 'with', 'wide', 'wells', 'and', 'the', 'other', 'narrow', 'wells', 'separated', 'by', 'equal', 'strength', 'barriers', 'if', 'the', 'wells', 'were', 'identical', 'it', 'would', 'be', 'a', 'simply', 'periodic', 'system', 'of', 'n', '2n', 'halfcells', 'when', 'asymmetry', 'is', 'introduced', 'an', 'allowed', 'band', 'splits', 'at', 'the', 'bragg', 'point', 'into', 'two', 'disjoint', 'allowed', 'bands', 'the', 'bragg', 'resonance', 'turns', 'into', 'a', 'transparent', 'state', 'located', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'band', 'edge', 'of', 'the', 'lowerupper', 'band', 'when', 'the', 'firstsecond', 'well', 'is', 'the', 'wider', 'analysis', 'of', 'this', 'system', 'gives', 'insight', 'into', 'how', 'band', 'splitting', 'occurs', 'further', 'we', 'consider', 'semiperiodic', 'systems', 'having', 'n', '2n1', 'halfcells', 'surprisingly', 'these', 'have', 'very', 'different', 'transmission', 'properties', 'with', 'an', 'envelope', 'of', 'maximum', 'transmission', 'probability', 'that', 'crosses', 'the', 'envelope', 'of', 'minima', 'at', 'the', 'transparent', 'point']] | [-0.18622680581756867, 0.17256121952163994, -0.04540752344473731, 0.016193291929994302, -0.02507976148990565, -0.23296574062260333, 0.08314797314415046, 0.3990676689427346, -0.27340726918919245, -0.29904412535688607, 0.03803937636075716, -0.28261722275055945, -0.10839713261884754, 0.1591326755078626, 0.0117450626585196, -0.018606939680466894, 0.047310731083143764, -0.03085071027817321, -0.05720048976399994, -0.2264627997756179, 0.31221022870158777, -0.008376428491828847, 0.26069113308767555, 0.031875920853053685, 0.030899093399057165, 0.05531731597147882, 0.0965046496148716, -0.016807932312076446, -0.1406120270915494, 0.04275327937284601, 0.24067159387050197, -0.014906702097505331, 0.25703053540200926, -0.42998338799225166, -0.1915603747811474, 0.07684773647633847, 0.1971943201524482, 0.05371601836213813, -0.0030501061155518983, -0.2718779836068279, 0.06013855312983196, -0.10545259057266776, -0.14381372528805514, 0.03365902134009957, 0.01969309721607715, -0.003014086702023633, -0.23280300992337288, 0.015794023557646142, 0.05181584360798297, 0.014252363896957831, -0.05035136914739269, -0.15791514806733176, -0.08042664226559282, 0.09999122258932402, -0.014789513458708825, -0.021890235178034345, 0.09743396774865687, -0.01355684017697456, -0.0574021230568178, 0.3589054331241641, -0.012184592666017124, -0.10124058510700706, 0.1790403509958196, -0.1721258217086188, -0.04325394758416223, 0.22695998774179316, 0.0968876516490127, 0.07861549291556003, -0.09541026992269508, 0.07764888193878505, -0.05404943096800707, 0.1727791617327057, 0.13570271376374876, 0.06918267481887597, 0.2841875350677583, 0.14520936450207955, 0.11025602074550989, 0.14146207208932537, -0.12220765036727244, -0.07678454194910955, -0.2301088395397528, -0.12003960201400332, -0.19364280305853754, 0.040953172935587645, -0.06212600219066644, -0.1854312606192252, 0.4008264112198958, 0.030363237761775963, 0.22207073643949116, -0.02371056364154356, 0.24759950319639756, 0.1648555834472063, 0.07306756119942293, 0.05476054601240321, 0.23836715136894782, 0.14914789673184714, 0.07006022545465385, -0.17718591664197447, -0.0019229918325436302, -0.01587618322810158] |
708.1756 | Optimal execution strategies in limit order books with general shape
functions | We consider optimal execution strategies for block market orders placed in a
limit order book (LOB). We build on the resilience model proposed by Obizhaeva
and Wang (2005) but allow for a general shape of the LOB defined via a given
density function. Thus, we can allow for empirically observed LOB shapes and
obtain a nonlinear price impact of market orders. We distinguish two
possibilities for modeling the resilience of the LOB after a large market
order: the exponential recovery of the number of limit orders, i.e., of the
volume of the LOB, or the exponential recovery of the bid-ask spread. We
consider both of these resilience modes and, in each case, derive explicit
optimal execution strategies in discrete time. Applying our results to a
block-shaped LOB, we obtain a new closed-form representation for the optimal
strategy, which explicitly solves the recursive scheme given in Obizhaeva and
Wang (2005). We also provide some evidence for the robustness of optimal
strategies with respect to the choice of the shape function and the
resilience-type.
| q-fin.TR math.PR | we consider optimal execution strategies for block market orders placed in a limit order book lob we build on the resilience model proposed by obizhaeva and wang 2005 but allow for a general shape of the lob defined via a given density function thus we can allow for empirically observed lob shapes and obtain a nonlinear price impact of market orders we distinguish two possibilities for modeling the resilience of the lob after a large market order the exponential recovery of the number of limit orders ie of the volume of the lob or the exponential recovery of the bidask spread we consider both of these resilience modes and in each case derive explicit optimal execution strategies in discrete time applying our results to a blockshaped lob we obtain a new closedform representation for the optimal strategy which explicitly solves the recursive scheme given in obizhaeva and wang 2005 we also provide some evidence for the robustness of optimal strategies with respect to the choice of the shape function and the resiliencetype | [['we', 'consider', 'optimal', 'execution', 'strategies', 'for', 'block', 'market', 'orders', 'placed', 'in', 'a', 'limit', 'order', 'book', 'lob', 'we', 'build', 'on', 'the', 'resilience', 'model', 'proposed', 'by', 'obizhaeva', 'and', 'wang', '2005', 'but', 'allow', 'for', 'a', 'general', 'shape', 'of', 'the', 'lob', 'defined', 'via', 'a', 'given', 'density', 'function', 'thus', 'we', 'can', 'allow', 'for', 'empirically', 'observed', 'lob', 'shapes', 'and', 'obtain', 'a', 'nonlinear', 'price', 'impact', 'of', 'market', 'orders', 'we', 'distinguish', 'two', 'possibilities', 'for', 'modeling', 'the', 'resilience', 'of', 'the', 'lob', 'after', 'a', 'large', 'market', 'order', 'the', 'exponential', 'recovery', 'of', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'limit', 'orders', 'ie', 'of', 'the', 'volume', 'of', 'the', 'lob', 'or', 'the', 'exponential', 'recovery', 'of', 'the', 'bidask', 'spread', 'we', 'consider', 'both', 'of', 'these', 'resilience', 'modes', 'and', 'in', 'each', 'case', 'derive', 'explicit', 'optimal', 'execution', 'strategies', 'in', 'discrete', 'time', 'applying', 'our', 'results', 'to', 'a', 'blockshaped', 'lob', 'we', 'obtain', 'a', 'new', 'closedform', 'representation', 'for', 'the', 'optimal', 'strategy', 'which', 'explicitly', 'solves', 'the', 'recursive', 'scheme', 'given', 'in', 'obizhaeva', 'and', 'wang', '2005', 'we', 'also', 'provide', 'some', 'evidence', 'for', 'the', 'robustness', 'of', 'optimal', 'strategies', 'with', 'respect', 'to', 'the', 'choice', 'of', 'the', 'shape', 'function', 'and', 'the', 'resiliencetype']] | [-0.09994371369214217, 0.030734493441257504, -0.09688806424614543, 0.09881755862009238, -0.049830391770228744, -0.09375549973348123, 0.12965668699219388, 0.3548792284526672, -0.2516912921040444, -0.29809115201742686, 0.14188297808290137, -0.23071686006614078, -0.14817144853139178, 0.16919841002046582, -0.10339901304316342, 0.06939094815109122, 0.007359632233713279, 0.0017735488395879252, -0.03209686594367114, -0.30619567130795783, 0.27962845708216316, 0.04324434618111591, 0.28902961953668393, 0.04139043033199265, 0.13456662886747778, 0.0334852179165178, -0.057816659326376446, 0.036752793897074046, -0.1920765102432485, 0.13130878931257264, 0.24079741790280704, 0.11908636474981904, 0.2864894940795606, -0.4283489558344696, -0.15939214082393247, 0.10856227674358115, 0.08213289039568943, 0.09286124377350775, 0.018585921711103216, -0.2520292143852107, 0.06615536586022037, -0.22433444243659706, -0.14574709644388648, -0.09413857633051903, 0.02131059108988235, 0.04575369787832711, -0.3384723597327356, 0.04330099973816027, 0.0899430551887517, 0.006954654103569817, -0.0474175297075131, -0.09827493231849778, 0.006399713144828266, 0.1469247502435478, 0.04071904089075802, -0.05495593859950266, 0.09120332356542349, -0.11580955568695582, -0.1566562393999506, 0.3464861565122479, -0.07760838802348365, -0.19352799255880174, 0.11027803979487273, -0.11042031722295789, -0.11489162152927172, 0.11271335597133689, 0.19520647969636085, 0.06749867521531401, -0.12014458652542175, 0.07600645375763453, -0.02673805446523291, 0.17377351178673275, 0.10680569611402632, 0.020888268396500716, 0.14332845556544282, 0.1847544246467582, 0.1315712319014387, 0.16492635032198832, -0.061717202976122716, -0.12579313638805253, -0.29574659083253696, -0.11830872165485781, -0.11507130618212603, 0.02416594140503926, -0.1662065400138643, -0.17013062821559563, 0.4423391774606478, 0.16430337741230314, 0.1733500988642026, 0.12811375001094125, 0.2672717420912582, 0.1430857500847026, -0.03566856595537964, 0.11775233355316413, 0.1828216966713046, 0.038148805775478134, 0.09074242436190882, -0.19582525577480572, 0.13010216197570817, 0.07443472958028273] |
708.1757 | The multiplicity of weights in nonprimitive pairs of weights | For each type of classical Lie algebra, we list the dominant highest weights
$\zeta$ for which $(\zeta;\mu_i)$ is not a primitive pair and the weight space
$V_{\mu_i}$ has dimension one where $\mu_i$ are the highest long and short
roots in each case. These dimension one weight spaces lead to examples of
nilmanifolds for which we cannot prove or disprove the density of closed
geodesics.
| math.RT | for each type of classical lie algebra we list the dominant highest weights zeta for which zetamu_i is not a primitive pair and the weight space v_mu_i has dimension one where mu_i are the highest long and short roots in each case these dimension one weight spaces lead to examples of nilmanifolds for which we cannot prove or disprove the density of closed geodesics | [['for', 'each', 'type', 'of', 'classical', 'lie', 'algebra', 'we', 'list', 'the', 'dominant', 'highest', 'weights', 'zeta', 'for', 'which', 'zetamu_i', 'is', 'not', 'a', 'primitive', 'pair', 'and', 'the', 'weight', 'space', 'v_mu_i', 'has', 'dimension', 'one', 'where', 'mu_i', 'are', 'the', 'highest', 'long', 'and', 'short', 'roots', 'in', 'each', 'case', 'these', 'dimension', 'one', 'weight', 'spaces', 'lead', 'to', 'examples', 'of', 'nilmanifolds', 'for', 'which', 'we', 'can', 'not', 'prove', 'or', 'disprove', 'the', 'density', 'of', 'closed', 'geodesics']] | [-0.15592071325296447, 0.12357861405268075, -0.02670664582697172, 0.07111064413569808, -0.12293948420500826, -0.16819151216703984, -0.003933202734010087, 0.37394853710891707, -0.30869104135375, -0.1845219497613254, 0.11912130217053114, -0.2591116999142936, -0.114204938756302, 0.19059083034609636, -0.052713761534837505, -0.02150120853727299, 0.05757714553721367, 0.18892829902174454, -0.06209009671435943, -0.33388746056764845, 0.4046890295687176, -0.0037841718821298507, 0.1831102321693112, 0.04589065241568264, 0.10308938739509026, 0.009995401171701295, 0.025459424245156466, -0.026213761382562567, -0.13348155785056334, 0.11323619860460953, 0.26944135030406335, 0.058525622981260454, 0.2605446538876831, -0.3386137606576085, -0.18607172078364306, 0.22907775372917216, 0.16429963311003076, 0.05486668032106189, 0.01900823373303172, -0.19257819308485422, 0.1343499617355447, -0.15160048212708224, -0.16572767167928673, -0.058949512089528734, 0.07444329910157692, 0.03882672142473951, -0.2703798878420558, 0.038764755284073686, 0.06782613404923016, 0.06226307635624257, -0.10079231866384072, -0.16685404771909354, -0.032731979353619475, 0.125549651734117, -0.00976066115785331, 0.027240195001165073, 0.04942238836416176, -0.1028704381592217, -0.13071192078114974, 0.35887707939874086, -0.0073010483017516515, -0.24454254878773576, 0.18324540696653818, -0.19607182179710694, -0.1826136843005698, 0.12905011805040495, 0.09508099687832688, 0.13222091482390488, -0.06056518458007347, 0.10444512312662685, -0.06850570623045935, 0.09766681115364745, 0.12829957131503356, 0.033489052442804215, 0.18068315657890505, 0.07255536082777239, 0.07108538713128794, 0.0937867918539615, -0.03903609818764149, -0.04573009060677289, -0.3521159864843838, -0.22960602597052615, -0.17438592552576984, 0.09341678469088889, -0.12405890589238085, -0.18548055661339607, 0.39910810883526526, 0.06827225517167429, 0.21414138530454938, 0.1022396612328492, 0.19623845175559085, 0.1238755171615926, 0.11840907658361607, 0.1204590238338001, 0.13615018821188382, 0.12351627461612225, -0.02362256583994225, -0.10577154970387855, 0.02707414515778452, 0.18255204005566025] |
708.1758 | Vanishing moment method and moment solutions for second order fully
nonlinear partial differential equations | This paper concerns with numerical approximations of solutions of second
order fully nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). A new notion of
weak solutions, called moment solutions, is introduced for second order fully
nonlinear PDEs. Unlike viscosity solutions, moment solutions are defined by a
constructive method, called vanishing moment method, hence, they can be readily
computed by existing numerical methods such as finite difference, finite
element, spectral Galerkin, and discontinuous Galerkin methods with
"guaranteed" convergence. The main idea of the proposed vanishing moment method
is to approximate a second order fully nonlinear PDE by a higher order, in
particular, a fourth order quasilinear PDE. We show by various numerical
experiments the viability of the proposed vanishing moment method. All our
numerical experiments show the convergence of the vanishing moment method, and
they also show that moment solutions coincide with viscosity solutions whenever
the latter exist.
| math.NA math.AP | this paper concerns with numerical approximations of solutions of second order fully nonlinear partial differential equations pdes a new notion of weak solutions called moment solutions is introduced for second order fully nonlinear pdes unlike viscosity solutions moment solutions are defined by a constructive method called vanishing moment method hence they can be readily computed by existing numerical methods such as finite difference finite element spectral galerkin and discontinuous galerkin methods with guaranteed convergence the main idea of the proposed vanishing moment method is to approximate a second order fully nonlinear pde by a higher order in particular a fourth order quasilinear pde we show by various numerical experiments the viability of the proposed vanishing moment method all our numerical experiments show the convergence of the vanishing moment method and they also show that moment solutions coincide with viscosity solutions whenever the latter exist | [['this', 'paper', 'concerns', 'with', 'numerical', 'approximations', 'of', 'solutions', 'of', 'second', 'order', 'fully', 'nonlinear', 'partial', 'differential', 'equations', 'pdes', 'a', 'new', 'notion', 'of', 'weak', 'solutions', 'called', 'moment', 'solutions', 'is', 'introduced', 'for', 'second', 'order', 'fully', 'nonlinear', 'pdes', 'unlike', 'viscosity', 'solutions', 'moment', 'solutions', 'are', 'defined', 'by', 'a', 'constructive', 'method', 'called', 'vanishing', 'moment', 'method', 'hence', 'they', 'can', 'be', 'readily', 'computed', 'by', 'existing', 'numerical', 'methods', 'such', 'as', 'finite', 'difference', 'finite', 'element', 'spectral', 'galerkin', 'and', 'discontinuous', 'galerkin', 'methods', 'with', 'guaranteed', 'convergence', 'the', 'main', 'idea', 'of', 'the', 'proposed', 'vanishing', 'moment', 'method', 'is', 'to', 'approximate', 'a', 'second', 'order', 'fully', 'nonlinear', 'pde', 'by', 'a', 'higher', 'order', 'in', 'particular', 'a', 'fourth', 'order', 'quasilinear', 'pde', 'we', 'show', 'by', 'various', 'numerical', 'experiments', 'the', 'viability', 'of', 'the', 'proposed', 'vanishing', 'moment', 'method', 'all', 'our', 'numerical', 'experiments', 'show', 'the', 'convergence', 'of', 'the', 'vanishing', 'moment', 'method', 'and', 'they', 'also', 'show', 'that', 'moment', 'solutions', 'coincide', 'with', 'viscosity', 'solutions', 'whenever', 'the', 'latter', 'exist']] | [-0.11899122820209919, 0.031077440440033872, -0.05754620724150704, 0.05783357984991097, -0.11230801300391452, -0.10398235414888607, -0.031570905364787905, 0.2818478013505228, -0.3102000973368477, -0.23569141237142807, 0.1726375961823376, -0.2833447672633661, -0.16186464099397804, 0.15739797527850088, -0.04643053240660164, 0.14608444574858165, 0.08211172233536167, -0.001266856318882977, -0.11596398942573513, -0.27318523354107227, 0.35173970290149253, -0.04485619107597611, 0.27033131441567093, 0.05625348114861279, 0.1650385260355607, -0.12524042847993164, -0.008284620769296048, 0.09746193657499841, -0.14092965189153497, 0.11069373697359373, 0.27331295771808883, 0.03937193739693612, 0.31972751355109114, -0.4077973550625352, -0.19916670435729125, 0.08883678963926893, 0.13122594965291987, 0.12173983166252987, -0.09545606117333388, -0.2881259414134547, 0.1608341393035112, -0.18658102372945803, -0.18308543353082818, -0.19656103896623892, -0.07225163101166901, 0.11353057810467565, -0.31847279419242924, 0.10686455836447648, 0.10855661848715197, 0.013033744976888152, -0.08681745887265101, -0.09301028883136395, 0.00619811586592631, 0.022405092109693214, 0.07547195590288741, -0.028637652088137757, -0.030785780377401453, -0.07419303349161055, -0.12453618800565083, 0.35865334840491414, -0.1258834401257142, -0.30483944600241053, 0.16418712316792355, -0.1520687446932748, -0.09193314425970635, 0.17192459155921824, 0.1505039492052068, 0.25309017819300705, -0.13796968916883795, 0.10207435474068108, -0.0025791455894553414, 0.1796846310753608, 0.04272026320298513, -0.06689782991371532, 0.08595108144153427, 0.12479258675820246, 0.17014840467406125, 0.06407600536719353, -0.013141400070809241, -0.14186289728968404, -0.3602602732393684, -0.14204233068610644, -0.1844403219689007, 0.003275016355069561, -0.12216261572757503, -0.20068299572449178, 0.37339003667390597, 0.15955649535883115, 0.1129455480711638, 0.08268592126680435, 0.32368565347052125, 0.23495263258034052, 0.01557935095883699, 0.06003828998978457, 0.2356213725256061, 0.179513084068377, 0.12559929007289206, -0.2504750360274354, 0.07900224655814883, 0.24718916490221293] |
708.1759 | Blogging in the physics classroom: A research-based approach to shaping
students' attitudes towards physics | Even though there has been a tremendous amount of research done in how to
help students learn physics, students are still coming away missing a crucial
piece of the puzzle: why bother with physics? Students learn fundamental laws
and how to calculate, but come out of a general physics course without a deep
understanding of how physics has transformed the world around them. In other
words, they get the "how" but not the "why". Studies have shown that students
leave introductory physics courses almost universally with decreased
expectations and with a more negative attitude. This paper will detail an
experiment to address this problem: a course weblog or "blog" which discusses
real-world applications of physics and engages students in discussion and
thinking outside of class. Specifically, students' attitudes towards the value
of physics and its applicability to the real-world were probed using a
26-question Likert scale survey over the course of four semesters in an
introductory physics course at a comprehensive Jesuit university. We found that
students who did not participate in the blog study generally exhibited a
deterioration in attitude towards physics as seen previously. However, students
who read, commented, and were involved with the blog maintained their initially
positive attitudes towards physics. Student response to the blog was
overwhelmingly positive, with students claiming that the blog made the things
we studied in the classroom come alive for them and seem much more relevant.
| physics.ed-ph | even though there has been a tremendous amount of research done in how to help students learn physics students are still coming away missing a crucial piece of the puzzle why bother with physics students learn fundamental laws and how to calculate but come out of a general physics course without a deep understanding of how physics has transformed the world around them in other words they get the how but not the why studies have shown that students leave introductory physics courses almost universally with decreased expectations and with a more negative attitude this paper will detail an experiment to address this problem a course weblog or blog which discusses realworld applications of physics and engages students in discussion and thinking outside of class specifically students attitudes towards the value of physics and its applicability to the realworld were probed using a 26question likert scale survey over the course of four semesters in an introductory physics course at a comprehensive jesuit university we found that students who did not participate in the blog study generally exhibited a deterioration in attitude towards physics as seen previously however students who read commented and were involved with the blog maintained their initially positive attitudes towards physics student response to the blog was overwhelmingly positive with students claiming that the blog made the things we studied in the classroom come alive for them and seem much more relevant | [['even', 'though', 'there', 'has', 'been', 'a', 'tremendous', 'amount', 'of', 'research', 'done', 'in', 'how', 'to', 'help', 'students', 'learn', 'physics', 'students', 'are', 'still', 'coming', 'away', 'missing', 'a', 'crucial', 'piece', 'of', 'the', 'puzzle', 'why', 'bother', 'with', 'physics', 'students', 'learn', 'fundamental', 'laws', 'and', 'how', 'to', 'calculate', 'but', 'come', 'out', 'of', 'a', 'general', 'physics', 'course', 'without', 'a', 'deep', 'understanding', 'of', 'how', 'physics', 'has', 'transformed', 'the', 'world', 'around', 'them', 'in', 'other', 'words', 'they', 'get', 'the', 'how', 'but', 'not', 'the', 'why', 'studies', 'have', 'shown', 'that', 'students', 'leave', 'introductory', 'physics', 'courses', 'almost', 'universally', 'with', 'decreased', 'expectations', 'and', 'with', 'a', 'more', 'negative', 'attitude', 'this', 'paper', 'will', 'detail', 'an', 'experiment', 'to', 'address', 'this', 'problem', 'a', 'course', 'weblog', 'or', 'blog', 'which', 'discusses', 'realworld', 'applications', 'of', 'physics', 'and', 'engages', 'students', 'in', 'discussion', 'and', 'thinking', 'outside', 'of', 'class', 'specifically', 'students', 'attitudes', 'towards', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'physics', 'and', 'its', 'applicability', 'to', 'the', 'realworld', 'were', 'probed', 'using', 'a', '26question', 'likert', 'scale', 'survey', 'over', 'the', 'course', 'of', 'four', 'semesters', 'in', 'an', 'introductory', 'physics', 'course', 'at', 'a', 'comprehensive', 'jesuit', 'university', 'we', 'found', 'that', 'students', 'who', 'did', 'not', 'participate', 'in', 'the', 'blog', 'study', 'generally', 'exhibited', 'a', 'deterioration', 'in', 'attitude', 'towards', 'physics', 'as', 'seen', 'previously', 'however', 'students', 'who', 'read', 'commented', 'and', 'were', 'involved', 'with', 'the', 'blog', 'maintained', 'their', 'initially', 'positive', 'attitudes', 'towards', 'physics', 'student', 'response', 'to', 'the', 'blog', 'was', 'overwhelmingly', 'positive', 'with', 'students', 'claiming', 'that', 'the', 'blog', 'made', 'the', 'things', 'we', 'studied', 'in', 'the', 'classroom', 'come', 'alive', 'for', 'them', 'and', 'seem', 'much', 'more', 'relevant']] | [0.00665840693265916, 0.12825672754445253, -0.12753787846105474, 0.11154975349772085, -0.1707057905016252, -0.1881790263329545, 0.05969667572898265, 0.3724719683926266, -0.23215731918517277, -0.39859573223675865, 0.06748888756767409, -0.3155144475436268, -0.1592982767506017, 0.19903267305428918, -0.09146162941890666, -0.021749059667932186, 0.08836780342524155, 0.06156580798122952, -0.04210086774855104, -0.3610881354438905, 0.2831215438170311, 0.1138457065411101, 0.2485253066630461, 0.04185714050092631, 0.06106448735052752, -0.02047760904623339, -0.08839206642154843, 0.017266367254161842, -0.09051508339366086, 0.12264833790742649, 0.41355766981748593, 0.17530654157157669, 0.41700966330245137, -0.4403365391215039, -0.15425678551929373, 0.07313658247709784, 0.11855332111854218, 0.09540010150671244, -0.08355413229290783, -0.3119832562804063, 0.02720442745818669, -0.15363177140223452, -0.1364009807833558, -0.055019993520079136, 0.03622217568436799, -0.05020959568896498, -0.11506690647832166, 6.723398657149484e-05, 0.08275375347266085, 0.14971145008029973, 0.001264457885398824, -0.1759350433220299, 0.05665101658365514, 0.2128124302203377, 0.0938488259139415, 0.023990760944409568, 0.15328052030323058, -0.19714987374101886, -0.1506422226338122, 0.40134548396170616, 0.030024056028351825, -0.13971766749691442, 0.20803819285132563, -0.1911968450424158, -0.14455192133139533, 0.06241617277990947, 0.21297678376575851, 0.04904821008427912, -0.16202713850423947, 0.0483974455567236, -0.0300044968075509, 0.19678685428404535, 0.05735530179893423, -0.04638891404322508, 0.2559069178099983, 0.1339420443460441, -0.018397363937563367, 0.04423103889109145, 0.027875411835385677, -0.11857589622203292, -0.26035663780588886, -0.16265731972928804, -0.11280273182643975, 0.08438243875869562, 0.07394861146745732, -0.10382320182030433, 0.3801632731611657, 0.17743187497616705, 0.12737307037698486, 0.002238880267315027, 0.21128143492337859, 0.014833586371571431, 0.07392304303705628, 0.07025624314744949, 0.24426732691100392, 0.04767611333401376, 0.24942397252153048, -0.12392823408013529, 0.11106227191451651, -0.04074696472619111] |
708.176 | On the relativistic Vlasov-Poisson system | The Cauchy problem is revisited for the so-called relativistic Vlasov-Poisson
system in the attractive case. Global existence and uniqueness of spherical
classical solutions is proved under weaker assumptions than previously used. A
new class of blowing up solutions is found when these conditions are violated.
A new, non-gravitational physical vindication of the model which (unlike the
gravitational one) is not restricted to weak fields, is also given.
| math-ph math.AP math.MP | the cauchy problem is revisited for the socalled relativistic vlasovpoisson system in the attractive case global existence and uniqueness of spherical classical solutions is proved under weaker assumptions than previously used a new class of blowing up solutions is found when these conditions are violated a new nongravitational physical vindication of the model which unlike the gravitational one is not restricted to weak fields is also given | [['the', 'cauchy', 'problem', 'is', 'revisited', 'for', 'the', 'socalled', 'relativistic', 'vlasovpoisson', 'system', 'in', 'the', 'attractive', 'case', 'global', 'existence', 'and', 'uniqueness', 'of', 'spherical', 'classical', 'solutions', 'is', 'proved', 'under', 'weaker', 'assumptions', 'than', 'previously', 'used', 'a', 'new', 'class', 'of', 'blowing', 'up', 'solutions', 'is', 'found', 'when', 'these', 'conditions', 'are', 'violated', 'a', 'new', 'nongravitational', 'physical', 'vindication', 'of', 'the', 'model', 'which', 'unlike', 'the', 'gravitational', 'one', 'is', 'not', 'restricted', 'to', 'weak', 'fields', 'is', 'also', 'given']] | [-0.14097921784928957, 0.07619490546049244, -0.07501330457405368, 0.14591697749591417, -0.11079330234649355, -0.1834896907710762, -0.04960895628571065, 0.2567190487604977, -0.26032016411034475, -0.23143369141521294, 0.132145964203458, -0.2084413114379146, -0.09550533028069272, 0.232941316214821, -0.04683334128184022, 0.08162062507428562, 0.03474489356210427, 0.042198554216536566, -0.08014256291703056, -0.2548437123256388, 0.3703879475482364, 0.016110823878935025, 0.24656432762797645, 0.02300128439674154, 0.08350436852327478, -0.03397768718162691, 0.03757316510735163, 0.056097010171402305, -0.1291301848554511, 0.04795456911027154, 0.15135743048514672, 0.08931560830366034, 0.28706871020371344, -0.40841866620996997, -0.24125148781311156, 0.1541840365684744, 0.10073989191189853, 0.1343048005277958, -0.04591844335142801, -0.2972844648070689, 0.13242233340253137, -0.11817788373706724, -0.22937893111314347, -0.05180330774677334, 0.03407764463310144, 0.043576236953263854, -0.3018910258855504, 0.11186202751331852, 0.11250153682785415, 0.012490095626284827, -0.13465530621999902, -0.06183475923703622, 0.0054362153690030324, 0.04766210834990923, 0.10416709703441931, 0.020216790674282097, 0.058250597587772714, -0.1468122290767062, -0.05250256501638623, 0.4287696449614283, -0.03269916347948202, -0.25927328574123665, 0.2578410236025924, -0.11767773003553722, -0.15098331330010473, 0.1435372487141459, 0.09039549476731179, 0.17236929761468253, -0.20393947109952743, 0.12995932151045678, -0.11104824610832911, 0.1384438034842041, 0.10807215317444348, 0.005888457562941224, 0.16036295482572585, 0.12654689831812102, 0.13194968129522097, 0.15308239293604423, -0.02765266123356353, -0.12049093536698996, -0.34062727162642265, -0.1124107096980173, -0.14888316064850607, 0.08262559081060263, -0.06803654084905614, -0.1455001014965906, 0.31695616386358194, 0.13911509343141468, 0.07153434414805761, 0.03339621606248139, 0.2300912984160345, 0.15210639011399793, 0.03995328909046809, 0.1027867334978238, 0.3384419878555545, 0.1469979056838288, 0.100979461056639, -0.15390456867501584, 0.06107167522214464, 0.1261687402738564] |
708.1761 | Lost Baryons at Low Redshift | We review our attempts to discover lost baryons at low redshift with ``X-ray
forest'' of absorption lines from the warm-hot intergalactic medium. We discuss
the best evidence to date along the Mrk 421 sightline. We then discuss the
missing baryons in the Local Group and the significance of the z=0 absorption
systems in X-ray spectra. We argue that the debate over the Galactic vs.
extragalactic origin of the z=0 systems is premature as these systems likely
contain both components. Observations with next generation X-ray missions such
as Constellation-X and XEUS will be crucial to map out the warm-hot
intergalactic medium.
| astro-ph | we review our attempts to discover lost baryons at low redshift with xray forest of absorption lines from the warmhot intergalactic medium we discuss the best evidence to date along the mrk 421 sightline we then discuss the missing baryons in the local group and the significance of the z0 absorption systems in xray spectra we argue that the debate over the galactic vs extragalactic origin of the z0 systems is premature as these systems likely contain both components observations with next generation xray missions such as constellationx and xeus will be crucial to map out the warmhot intergalactic medium | [['we', 'review', 'our', 'attempts', 'to', 'discover', 'lost', 'baryons', 'at', 'low', 'redshift', 'with', 'xray', 'forest', 'of', 'absorption', 'lines', 'from', 'the', 'warmhot', 'intergalactic', 'medium', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'best', 'evidence', 'to', 'date', 'along', 'the', 'mrk', '421', 'sightline', 'we', 'then', 'discuss', 'the', 'missing', 'baryons', 'in', 'the', 'local', 'group', 'and', 'the', 'significance', 'of', 'the', 'z0', 'absorption', 'systems', 'in', 'xray', 'spectra', 'we', 'argue', 'that', 'the', 'debate', 'over', 'the', 'galactic', 'vs', 'extragalactic', 'origin', 'of', 'the', 'z0', 'systems', 'is', 'premature', 'as', 'these', 'systems', 'likely', 'contain', 'both', 'components', 'observations', 'with', 'next', 'generation', 'xray', 'missions', 'such', 'as', 'constellationx', 'and', 'xeus', 'will', 'be', 'crucial', 'to', 'map', 'out', 'the', 'warmhot', 'intergalactic', 'medium']] | [-0.07179413718171418, 0.10209329351317137, -0.04068580273073166, 0.1205208692199085, -0.12447122079553083, -0.018662503473460674, 0.06827481979504228, 0.4776085074990988, -0.20846797436475753, -0.30737167277373373, 0.06009299679426476, -0.38286720758304, -0.04019468007609248, 0.14524556257762014, 0.044187544328160584, -0.003418885814025998, 0.0018914213904645293, -0.09715869712643325, 0.006555932111950824, -0.29407207580283284, 0.2942631801730022, 0.11090308351442218, 0.16544849703554065, 0.029431932512670754, 0.08701863415059051, -0.04760454209055751, -0.10302314549684524, -0.04026522736996412, -0.11222193323577813, 0.018668941603973508, 0.28565582443028686, 0.14647879937663674, 0.2254427198227495, -0.3515088506229222, -0.24829307837411763, 0.12285780583508313, 0.21217248738743366, 0.06294176768511534, -0.05313144305488095, -0.2876176307420246, 0.06181053718086332, -0.14180260994005947, -0.17269249607110396, 0.01909161351621151, -0.014246099423617124, 0.020015650540590287, -0.12394507870601956, 0.11941651126020587, -0.01343723109923303, 0.05340616915374994, -0.12547918962314725, -0.07653545568697155, -0.04622018672293052, 0.07016483740881085, 0.04977895508287475, 0.06616657860577106, 0.18432086449989582, -0.1786074982676655, -0.07841525733936577, 0.4666461314633489, -0.07914869064465165, 0.057519680368714035, 0.22030707511352376, -0.22537599350325763, -0.2495303023746237, 0.12368267991114408, 0.19821950426325202, 0.04901839420199394, -0.12485911809373647, 0.0051296458314755, -0.04177350596524775, 0.22122459944337605, -0.007741099942941219, 0.09047287787543609, 0.3453328325599432, 0.08585265209316276, 0.03131398257501132, 0.08827009901113342, -0.17750330585986376, 0.05720074207521975, -0.25740178089123217, -0.14328391283750533, -0.10033674767706544, 0.10197792698047124, -0.07386442065209849, -0.0839685316523537, 0.33927206369582563, 0.20320379683747888, 0.24299434590619057, -0.008599323919042945, 0.3567725437320769, 0.06440998759469949, 0.047556499717757106, 0.12570117445196957, 0.32047598937992006, 0.17459533210494554, 0.11768703824724071, -0.19691943454323335, 0.06814017494209111, -0.017865419024601578] |
708.1762 | The Classical r-matrix of AdS/CFT and its Lie Bialgebra Structure | In this paper we investigate the algebraic structure of AdS/CFT in the
strong-coupling limit. We propose an expression for the classical r-matrix with
(deformed) u(2|2) symmetry, which leads to a quasi-triangular Lie bialgebra as
the underlying symmetry algebra. On the fundamental representation our r-matrix
coincides with the classical limit of the quantum R-matrix.
| hep-th math.QA nlin.SI | in this paper we investigate the algebraic structure of adscft in the strongcoupling limit we propose an expression for the classical rmatrix with deformed u22 symmetry which leads to a quasitriangular lie bialgebra as the underlying symmetry algebra on the fundamental representation our rmatrix coincides with the classical limit of the quantum rmatrix | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'investigate', 'the', 'algebraic', 'structure', 'of', 'adscft', 'in', 'the', 'strongcoupling', 'limit', 'we', 'propose', 'an', 'expression', 'for', 'the', 'classical', 'rmatrix', 'with', 'deformed', 'u22', 'symmetry', 'which', 'leads', 'to', 'a', 'quasitriangular', 'lie', 'bialgebra', 'as', 'the', 'underlying', 'symmetry', 'algebra', 'on', 'the', 'fundamental', 'representation', 'our', 'rmatrix', 'coincides', 'with', 'the', 'classical', 'limit', 'of', 'the', 'quantum', 'rmatrix']] | [-0.13637756272153226, 0.022445928940455044, -0.10542553023628469, 0.06367635156493634, -0.14835118780018025, -0.11149532802156964, 0.005435587776789688, 0.32566272052672673, -0.3507732269969189, -0.17026866592449258, 0.05072629625715737, -0.19649054872680385, -0.18405061939133788, 0.1325195785787589, -0.0900059220082355, 0.017925373076478828, 0.030185306128465903, 0.16670000011031078, -0.17368103310746966, -0.13896002433754784, 0.40521165883203725, 0.06604093222501073, 0.2940513572110882, 0.004886854668411444, 0.12586360186654724, 0.042120667174458504, 0.09318979685458373, -0.11735216218907878, -0.16914658420631346, 0.17375964671373367, 0.27356761400499996, -0.004143398457189214, 0.11143354485075008, -0.42165515782698143, -0.11743588524185261, 0.029353755209946406, 0.19866319209829253, 0.16512498727621827, -0.026443276934343268, -0.31658130497583803, 0.012380823695083271, -0.2592223077344726, -0.15505922207925119, -0.07849783763148875, -0.007999823516551053, -0.10616414885054219, -0.21420908991339668, 0.06082247751149929, 0.07396463167695504, 0.10042134559941741, -0.08167616132523794, -0.06830002434050911, -0.010707896835399125, 0.05309896417102724, -0.033978101445959426, 0.037910446638838864, 0.09963610319350406, -0.13218373962994315, -0.16557996159524851, 0.4315882646390852, -0.021591066453113872, -0.20013187779992256, 0.12817477013142603, -0.16880502780231665, -0.22435651582507593, 0.03882851246041509, 0.03818677232231734, 0.09172433222872468, -0.07441030566049037, 0.28480921114601615, -0.1285211323356291, 0.06916161085355957, 0.059404627226714815, 0.021172478390892722, 0.14028497131646805, 0.11659278727646144, -0.00296589805973026, 0.16698851169280285, -0.016229896652424393, -0.16280491297783437, -0.38800270194714925, -0.1470788794675104, -0.11241121059459336, 0.16539679464163645, -0.12430650378876137, -0.2002808243598578, 0.4015387436550743, 0.168772614444606, 0.19374150416005473, 0.0753469252277974, 0.16766225158474143, 0.21618099462346368, 0.10358217737268445, 0.029638952483370336, 0.2142930210761304, 0.2831794535565489, -4.1224053656717514e-05, -0.28030149895205814, -0.09998818058608416, 0.22432378113691537] |
708.1763 | Exact asymptotics of the characteristic polynomial of the symmetric
Pascal matrix | We have obtained the exact asymptotics of the determinant $\det_{1\leq
r,s\leq L}[\binom{r+s-2}{r-1}+\exp(i\theta)\delta_{r,s}]$. Inverse symbolic
computing methods were used to obtain exact analytical expressions for all
terms up to relative order $L^{-14}$ to the leading term. This determinant is
known to give weighted enumerations of cyclically symmetric plane partitions,
weighted enumerations of certain families of vicious walkers and it has been
conjectured to be proportional to the one point function of the O$(1)$ loop
model on a cylinder of circumference $L$. We apply our result to the loop model
and give exact expressions for the asymptotics of the average of the number of
loops surrounding a point and the fluctuation in this number. For the related
bond percolation model, we give exact expressions for the asymptotics of the
probability that a point is on a cluster that wraps around a cylinder of even
circumference and the probability that a point is on a cluster spanning a
cylinder of odd circumference.
| math-ph cond-mat.stat-mech math.MP | we have obtained the exact asymptotics of the determinant det_1leq rsleq lbinomrs2r1expithetadelta_rs inverse symbolic computing methods were used to obtain exact analytical expressions for all terms up to relative order l14 to the leading term this determinant is known to give weighted enumerations of cyclically symmetric plane partitions weighted enumerations of certain families of vicious walkers and it has been conjectured to be proportional to the one point function of the o1 loop model on a cylinder of circumference l we apply our result to the loop model and give exact expressions for the asymptotics of the average of the number of loops surrounding a point and the fluctuation in this number for the related bond percolation model we give exact expressions for the asymptotics of the probability that a point is on a cluster that wraps around a cylinder of even circumference and the probability that a point is on a cluster spanning a cylinder of odd circumference | [['we', 'have', 'obtained', 'the', 'exact', 'asymptotics', 'of', 'the', 'determinant', 'det_1leq', 'rsleq', 'lbinomrs2r1expithetadelta_rs', 'inverse', 'symbolic', 'computing', 'methods', 'were', 'used', 'to', 'obtain', 'exact', 'analytical', 'expressions', 'for', 'all', 'terms', 'up', 'to', 'relative', 'order', 'l14', 'to', 'the', 'leading', 'term', 'this', 'determinant', 'is', 'known', 'to', 'give', 'weighted', 'enumerations', 'of', 'cyclically', 'symmetric', 'plane', 'partitions', 'weighted', 'enumerations', 'of', 'certain', 'families', 'of', 'vicious', 'walkers', 'and', 'it', 'has', 'been', 'conjectured', 'to', 'be', 'proportional', 'to', 'the', 'one', 'point', 'function', 'of', 'the', 'o1', 'loop', 'model', 'on', 'a', 'cylinder', 'of', 'circumference', 'l', 'we', 'apply', 'our', 'result', 'to', 'the', 'loop', 'model', 'and', 'give', 'exact', 'expressions', 'for', 'the', 'asymptotics', 'of', 'the', 'average', 'of', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'loops', 'surrounding', 'a', 'point', 'and', 'the', 'fluctuation', 'in', 'this', 'number', 'for', 'the', 'related', 'bond', 'percolation', 'model', 'we', 'give', 'exact', 'expressions', 'for', 'the', 'asymptotics', 'of', 'the', 'probability', 'that', 'a', 'point', 'is', 'on', 'a', 'cluster', 'that', 'wraps', 'around', 'a', 'cylinder', 'of', 'even', 'circumference', 'and', 'the', 'probability', 'that', 'a', 'point', 'is', 'on', 'a', 'cluster', 'spanning', 'a', 'cylinder', 'of', 'odd', 'circumference']] | [-0.16247314432612023, 0.09429728914386569, -0.0832475175221379, 0.0847314194311949, -0.04420547196581864, -0.10672158197177431, 0.08849537537063067, 0.331459110793777, -0.2034664389450485, -0.2681958573804691, 0.12334089931428958, -0.2982083140239597, -0.1378871712188881, 0.18251447682418168, -0.026660632663734782, 0.049831799225499615, 0.03435994792454995, 0.12376279218528324, -0.06647417541796294, -0.23916248647340885, 0.2779557774953831, 0.03303664460634956, 0.22991028703295457, 0.0761298305587843, 0.10841865940258288, 0.002770068106026604, 0.007654932375328663, 0.027712636794417333, -0.18082720591929757, 0.131965059248241, 0.18886150335534835, 0.0707144986387366, 0.19575714729487514, -0.398723515526702, -0.14483665312097097, 0.12941876494173463, 0.16442690659851694, 0.11312307487838925, 0.02601323915624585, -0.22814638840440565, 0.10740914256819405, -0.1779103833191001, -0.2011869043075981, -0.020866784568613347, 0.0775477004219563, 0.0394088672235226, -0.27162874861357683, 0.04137928916726452, 0.06696389307506205, 0.020587164437016234, -0.018967971680327676, -0.12967826584831643, 0.02611080621733354, 0.15844841638448623, 0.059316860570852906, 0.04050928060538494, 0.06617487218374243, -0.10746582159891915, -0.11763431772870274, 0.34511148462740654, -0.021704639311885845, -0.2184581700477373, 0.11706953357833509, -0.1599792507238304, -0.1062434632719184, 0.15366745620177916, 0.14443470642137796, 0.1370286550906409, -0.09651817843759766, 0.10574405984684396, -0.0996028102788095, 0.1006058919756936, 0.12390289381624033, -0.03382604158161065, 0.18403687031987387, 0.07745382967569196, 0.11039007880324976, 0.22178586292340277, -0.09220113627797662, -0.14405424306049752, -0.3184988336840597, -0.15510704582974982, -0.18967982308449557, 0.07135135110599013, -0.16168080438010526, -0.25238193710071916, 0.3993399082086025, 0.12719445269650373, 0.22622748185322286, 0.1435659215069161, 0.22080658171445322, 0.15699165675995083, 0.059518727903755814, 0.07625433365039778, 0.15056679344091278, 0.15512088116389725, 0.03323771900986918, -0.20560158227976316, 0.030777216615462795, 0.17891211092818338] |
708.1764 | A discontinuity in the low-mass initial mass function | The origin of brown dwarfs (BDs) is still an unsolved mystery. While the
standard model describes the formation of BDs and stars in a similar way recent
data on the multiplicity properties of stars and BDs show them to have
different binary distribution functions. Here we show that proper treatment of
these uncovers a discontinuity of the multiplicity-corrected mass distribution
in the very-low-mass star (VLMS) and BD mass regime. A continuous IMF can be
discarded with extremely high confidence. This suggests that VLMSs and BDs on
the one hand, and stars on the other, are two correlated but disjoint
populations with different dynamical histories. The analysis presented here
suggests that about one BD forms per five stars and that the BD-star binary
fraction is about 2%-3% among stellar systems.
| astro-ph | the origin of brown dwarfs bds is still an unsolved mystery while the standard model describes the formation of bds and stars in a similar way recent data on the multiplicity properties of stars and bds show them to have different binary distribution functions here we show that proper treatment of these uncovers a discontinuity of the multiplicitycorrected mass distribution in the verylowmass star vlms and bd mass regime a continuous imf can be discarded with extremely high confidence this suggests that vlmss and bds on the one hand and stars on the other are two correlated but disjoint populations with different dynamical histories the analysis presented here suggests that about one bd forms per five stars and that the bdstar binary fraction is about 23 among stellar systems | [['the', 'origin', 'of', 'brown', 'dwarfs', 'bds', 'is', 'still', 'an', 'unsolved', 'mystery', 'while', 'the', 'standard', 'model', 'describes', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'bds', 'and', 'stars', 'in', 'a', 'similar', 'way', 'recent', 'data', 'on', 'the', 'multiplicity', 'properties', 'of', 'stars', 'and', 'bds', 'show', 'them', 'to', 'have', 'different', 'binary', 'distribution', 'functions', 'here', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'proper', 'treatment', 'of', 'these', 'uncovers', 'a', 'discontinuity', 'of', 'the', 'multiplicitycorrected', 'mass', 'distribution', 'in', 'the', 'verylowmass', 'star', 'vlms', 'and', 'bd', 'mass', 'regime', 'a', 'continuous', 'imf', 'can', 'be', 'discarded', 'with', 'extremely', 'high', 'confidence', 'this', 'suggests', 'that', 'vlmss', 'and', 'bds', 'on', 'the', 'one', 'hand', 'and', 'stars', 'on', 'the', 'other', 'are', 'two', 'correlated', 'but', 'disjoint', 'populations', 'with', 'different', 'dynamical', 'histories', 'the', 'analysis', 'presented', 'here', 'suggests', 'that', 'about', 'one', 'bd', 'forms', 'per', 'five', 'stars', 'and', 'that', 'the', 'bdstar', 'binary', 'fraction', 'is', 'about', '23', 'among', 'stellar', 'systems']] | [-0.10059155766324206, 0.1491408359460344, -0.11356964408178029, 0.123744090590956, -0.08758613802345953, -0.06775590672256704, 0.10556821950241982, 0.35509470515833125, -0.16778650452514862, -0.3508085388631567, 0.05308590377094297, -0.27600945145126404, -0.09280735330553505, 0.19486488708969588, -0.07928850646974064, 1.608569351002926e-05, 0.13154392096206663, 0.005054265260696411, -0.05820145524440583, -0.2574400120070131, 0.3681238659100211, -0.00823516696398183, 0.14826702677798786, -0.030569727789229294, 0.0561928323563555, -0.05115318152774859, -0.04826431716911451, -0.02030510382770788, -0.12965130559686666, 0.034064874590620194, 0.20448195189237595, 0.14979413164574212, 0.2312106325723759, -0.3349128898937167, -0.20925747817308885, 0.04900910419881285, 0.17354205344972295, 0.030592360275276884, -0.08647950627844722, -0.21121221638695287, 0.11295979285950032, -0.15761947230707238, -0.1360552167431928, 0.0006706075500843563, 0.047442894135638486, 0.01632013223931472, -0.24212700328752984, 0.13110387805247986, 0.07205168940158979, 0.041533639929514, -0.10355937082731113, -0.1825611646191811, -0.03105878312962027, 0.11040171827592953, 0.04324616908598104, 0.058917571746516885, 0.09237157132872563, -0.13927617217010752, -0.054470111896910915, 0.37400813728541604, -0.06053106918267349, -0.1197401735579639, 0.2963087685464874, -0.25144096167391905, -0.20799927614761268, 0.07971050629761679, 0.13317979825293924, 0.16103918106830495, -0.21777445572157075, 0.000752886041346204, -0.025041814211491993, 0.18953118048696302, 0.05424749231383967, 0.07000343021240056, 0.356525228204807, 0.14229380630261967, -0.008413182525697538, 0.058948986257488775, -0.14430330599879104, -0.10694081302526898, -0.1934025687950216, -0.14835344335636286, -0.1231863650705988, 0.056594520162857015, -0.12051576768221356, -0.15378342878704113, 0.35006393833951216, 0.12015715933645027, 0.24448525522080228, 0.05035485763388767, 0.2733816734155801, 0.10362222101667705, 0.09870580520011543, 0.10625275783607457, 0.27187355018888165, 0.1509530580360589, 0.04978320695272845, -0.2328375727451575, 0.08433683626592071, -0.03889541443818667] |
708.1765 | Quantum phase transitions in the extended periodic Anderson model | We investigate quantum phase transitions in the extended periodic Anderson
model, which includes electron correlations within and between itinerant and
localized bands. We calculate zero and finite temperature properties of the
system using the combination of dynamical mean-field theory and the numerical
renormalization group. At half filling, a phase transition between a Mott
insulating state and a Kondo insulating state occurs in the strong coupling
regime. We furthermore find that a metallic state is stabilized in the weak
coupling regime. This state should be adiabatically connected to the orbital
selective Mott state with one orbital localized and the other itinerant. The
effect of hole doping is also addressed.
| cond-mat.str-el | we investigate quantum phase transitions in the extended periodic anderson model which includes electron correlations within and between itinerant and localized bands we calculate zero and finite temperature properties of the system using the combination of dynamical meanfield theory and the numerical renormalization group at half filling a phase transition between a mott insulating state and a kondo insulating state occurs in the strong coupling regime we furthermore find that a metallic state is stabilized in the weak coupling regime this state should be adiabatically connected to the orbital selective mott state with one orbital localized and the other itinerant the effect of hole doping is also addressed | [['we', 'investigate', 'quantum', 'phase', 'transitions', 'in', 'the', 'extended', 'periodic', 'anderson', 'model', 'which', 'includes', 'electron', 'correlations', 'within', 'and', 'between', 'itinerant', 'and', 'localized', 'bands', 'we', 'calculate', 'zero', 'and', 'finite', 'temperature', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'using', 'the', 'combination', 'of', 'dynamical', 'meanfield', 'theory', 'and', 'the', 'numerical', 'renormalization', 'group', 'at', 'half', 'filling', 'a', 'phase', 'transition', 'between', 'a', 'mott', 'insulating', 'state', 'and', 'a', 'kondo', 'insulating', 'state', 'occurs', 'in', 'the', 'strong', 'coupling', 'regime', 'we', 'furthermore', 'find', 'that', 'a', 'metallic', 'state', 'is', 'stabilized', 'in', 'the', 'weak', 'coupling', 'regime', 'this', 'state', 'should', 'be', 'adiabatically', 'connected', 'to', 'the', 'orbital', 'selective', 'mott', 'state', 'with', 'one', 'orbital', 'localized', 'and', 'the', 'other', 'itinerant', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'hole', 'doping', 'is', 'also', 'addressed']] | [-0.21541695816806708, 0.26888507479236945, -0.07138020610781731, 0.07456296934698778, 0.005379435871199584, -0.19905917255608882, 0.1422619244581761, 0.36027873667276084, -0.26991416973975935, -0.22060269720128012, 0.039682351437578395, -0.3162142221160509, -0.10450020610113386, 0.09336473616659297, 0.07203441350160304, -0.025836869335021388, -0.03044672884182849, -0.03518105862463859, -0.1676293984486687, -0.17379682857319023, 0.3241203330776275, -0.03431587014455107, 0.26903049380484, 0.09393741198625692, 0.03698863243442719, 0.016572850564477482, 0.17221761502635977, 0.02982684809723179, -0.1353734861006362, -0.00022831880832435909, 0.26349142691146377, -0.11280341160966566, 0.24013311672886764, -0.4214206334479429, -0.21272415414245593, -0.0011928461349776222, 0.13751510459998692, 0.17428388690071492, -0.05779967558057116, -0.3385844931817027, -0.008414133512242525, -0.22383281998595017, -0.14886249705752427, -0.09161392436470595, -0.028506158726048416, -0.047018205712514895, -0.2539941322800048, 0.14289471142061907, 0.05214419338881271, 0.04749329569232133, -0.10171881373281833, -0.04751965647921207, -0.08924505972794981, 0.10968165111693519, 0.017503097570389165, 0.05116059596615809, 0.11149739925059732, -0.10131433059211338, -0.07632476756676894, 0.32863495025042166, -0.07509662070488385, -0.09037931974011439, 0.21230416042143824, -0.21535333074387852, -0.05271124482775728, 0.16783348776624296, 0.10137497471576487, 0.08198834407677943, -0.0885727784576981, 0.09890170992757366, -0.005688909527466253, 0.22283825259526363, -0.04874627714916305, 0.10622735205322022, 0.2727658654804583, 0.1827894508217772, 0.055202124071204, 0.16904026910574263, -0.11844189187373828, -0.14983555878495314, -0.23943730871434565, -0.12533635771898036, -0.2411982350706778, 0.040175997039855076, -0.04395767200626492, -0.18571824806362944, 0.43666065996081604, 0.16253514721541218, 0.1576059395102439, -0.07581655909113276, 0.2170894345553178, 0.15342702804547217, -0.024792479635733698, 0.06339338813753177, 0.2870227554144717, 0.16334826059001326, 0.06790872056175161, -0.33396722229102765, 0.026560162129398022, 0.09572111222358351] |
708.1766 | The Oxygen Abundances of Luminous and Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies | Luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs and ULIRGs) dominate the
star formation rate budget of the universe at z > 1, yet no local measurements
of their heavy element abundances exist. We measure nuclear or near-nuclear
oxygen abundances in a sample of 100 star-forming LIRGs and ULIRGs using new,
previously published, and archival spectroscopy of strong emission lines
(including [O II] 3727, 3729 A) in galaxies with redshifts <z> ~ 0.1. When
compared to local emission-line galaxies of similar luminosity and mass (using
the near-infrared luminosity-metallicity and mass-metallicity relations), we
find that LIRGs and ULIRGs are under-abundant by a factor of two on average. As
a corollary, LIRGs and ULIRGs also have smaller effective yields. We conclude
that the observed under-abundance results from the combination of a decrease of
abundance with increasing radius in the progenitor galaxies and strong,
interaction- or merger-induced gas inflow into the galaxy nucleus. This
conclusion demonstrates that local abundance scaling relations are not
universal, a fact that must be accounted for when interpreting abundances
earlier in the universe's history when merger-induced star formation was the
dominant mode. We use our local sample to compare to high-redshift samples and
assess abundance evolution in LIRGs and ULIRGs. We find that abundances in
these systems increased by ~0.2 dex from z ~ 0.6 to z ~ 0.1. Evolution from z ~
2 submillimeter galaxies to z ~ 0.1 ULIRGs also appears to be present, though
uncertainty due to spectroscopic limitations is large.
| astro-ph | luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies lirgs and ulirgs dominate the star formation rate budget of the universe at z 1 yet no local measurements of their heavy element abundances exist we measure nuclear or nearnuclear oxygen abundances in a sample of 100 starforming lirgs and ulirgs using new previously published and archival spectroscopy of strong emission lines including o ii 3727 3729 a in galaxies with redshifts z 01 when compared to local emissionline galaxies of similar luminosity and mass using the nearinfrared luminositymetallicity and massmetallicity relations we find that lirgs and ulirgs are underabundant by a factor of two on average as a corollary lirgs and ulirgs also have smaller effective yields we conclude that the observed underabundance results from the combination of a decrease of abundance with increasing radius in the progenitor galaxies and strong interaction or mergerinduced gas inflow into the galaxy nucleus this conclusion demonstrates that local abundance scaling relations are not universal a fact that must be accounted for when interpreting abundances earlier in the universes history when mergerinduced star formation was the dominant mode we use our local sample to compare to highredshift samples and assess abundance evolution in lirgs and ulirgs we find that abundances in these systems increased by 02 dex from z 06 to z 01 evolution from z 2 submillimeter galaxies to z 01 ulirgs also appears to be present though uncertainty due to spectroscopic limitations is large | [['luminous', 'and', 'ultraluminous', 'infrared', 'galaxies', 'lirgs', 'and', 'ulirgs', 'dominate', 'the', 'star', 'formation', 'rate', 'budget', 'of', 'the', 'universe', 'at', 'z', '1', 'yet', 'no', 'local', 'measurements', 'of', 'their', 'heavy', 'element', 'abundances', 'exist', 'we', 'measure', 'nuclear', 'or', 'nearnuclear', 'oxygen', 'abundances', 'in', 'a', 'sample', 'of', '100', 'starforming', 'lirgs', 'and', 'ulirgs', 'using', 'new', 'previously', 'published', 'and', 'archival', 'spectroscopy', 'of', 'strong', 'emission', 'lines', 'including', 'o', 'ii', '3727', '3729', 'a', 'in', 'galaxies', 'with', 'redshifts', 'z', '01', 'when', 'compared', 'to', 'local', 'emissionline', 'galaxies', 'of', 'similar', 'luminosity', 'and', 'mass', 'using', 'the', 'nearinfrared', 'luminositymetallicity', 'and', 'massmetallicity', 'relations', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'lirgs', 'and', 'ulirgs', 'are', 'underabundant', 'by', 'a', 'factor', 'of', 'two', 'on', 'average', 'as', 'a', 'corollary', 'lirgs', 'and', 'ulirgs', 'also', 'have', 'smaller', 'effective', 'yields', 'we', 'conclude', 'that', 'the', 'observed', 'underabundance', 'results', 'from', 'the', 'combination', 'of', 'a', 'decrease', 'of', 'abundance', 'with', 'increasing', 'radius', 'in', 'the', 'progenitor', 'galaxies', 'and', 'strong', 'interaction', 'or', 'mergerinduced', 'gas', 'inflow', 'into', 'the', 'galaxy', 'nucleus', 'this', 'conclusion', 'demonstrates', 'that', 'local', 'abundance', 'scaling', 'relations', 'are', 'not', 'universal', 'a', 'fact', 'that', 'must', 'be', 'accounted', 'for', 'when', 'interpreting', 'abundances', 'earlier', 'in', 'the', 'universes', 'history', 'when', 'mergerinduced', 'star', 'formation', 'was', 'the', 'dominant', 'mode', 'we', 'use', 'our', 'local', 'sample', 'to', 'compare', 'to', 'highredshift', 'samples', 'and', 'assess', 'abundance', 'evolution', 'in', 'lirgs', 'and', 'ulirgs', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'abundances', 'in', 'these', 'systems', 'increased', 'by', '02', 'dex', 'from', 'z', '06', 'to', 'z', '01', 'evolution', 'from', 'z', '2', 'submillimeter', 'galaxies', 'to', 'z', '01', 'ulirgs', 'also', 'appears', 'to', 'be', 'present', 'though', 'uncertainty', 'due', 'to', 'spectroscopic', 'limitations', 'is', 'large']] | [-0.004025402714883783, 0.09041751997678407, -0.05434210104828685, 0.12430968606832805, -0.04705883792216083, -0.0483681601178715, 0.06527890938925048, 0.48083047606364016, -0.10171419915844913, -0.32816156398058877, -0.002908575940415451, -0.3327008036137441, 0.01461122151510203, 0.15359843112250432, -0.019206267816773735, -0.06785848934913617, 0.010597599734857428, -0.16159440580943302, -0.04659863791825688, -0.3443569204326868, 0.3164721647132689, 0.06419409866182588, 0.17240655348644035, -0.06106092534249941, 0.02954078434982157, -0.1622705077498118, -0.09749602399934709, -0.005711441713350066, -0.17805073462687007, 0.018122635157622333, 0.29700328146685656, 0.12681612945181325, 0.23581593137130752, -0.31958878439421395, -0.16710455875262664, 0.11818434390583772, 0.23021878896500259, 0.03391773515075695, -0.11591876713420116, -0.24703255780051, 0.07607998005544939, -0.16883145458409327, -0.1438714903118989, 0.060001186692112365, 0.0492677891493908, 0.048822299950998745, -0.23200511623040906, 0.22168575685010036, 0.00044219581627466976, 0.13129323694127135, -0.110851864059487, -0.10888465418394248, -0.1060350129327995, 0.031670628582052066, 0.01054299223146738, 0.09593643624034218, 0.23594105126876228, -0.15313262082812445, -0.0012267147735770822, 0.41753144437024575, -0.09542392223423832, 0.0627574802282415, 0.26097244377240164, -0.2350479473150531, -0.2194007332764464, 0.1239624527080509, 0.12731911014668162, 0.09742024833211253, -0.1500769016398836, 0.01813884307958084, -0.003953295837140822, 0.2568718134621237, 0.00863437245095133, 0.1094393480570714, 0.27097818654171435, 0.06471834125822927, 0.05361981400897132, 0.02271319105619557, -0.16794494676360658, 0.010814022506634165, -0.22778652962140677, -0.1290820672972487, -0.0962466858154967, 0.16201019080796233, -0.17766999358932747, -0.05130553369199028, 0.26466438480938526, 0.10688432583295811, 0.2650212182491204, 0.08485485387559072, 0.2803294162692486, 0.08692311193400744, 0.157615947145323, 0.09316166776561123, 0.33182106265688643, 0.1808536333411525, 0.04539080640935034, -0.25505363521803986, 0.07992514960275583, 0.023759459904512437] |
708.1767 | Where, oh where has the r-process gone? | We present a review of the possible sources for r-process nuclei. It is known
that there is as yet no self-consistent mechanism to provide abundant neutrons
for a robust r-process in the neutrino-driven winds from nascent neutron stars.
We consider that the heavy r-nuclei with mass numbers A>130 (Ba and above)
cannot be produced in the neutrino-driven winds. Nonetheless, the r-process and
the neutrino-driven winds may be directly or indirectly related by some unknown
additional mechanism, which, for example, could provide ejecta with very short
dynamic timescales of <0.004 s. This undetermined mechanism must supply a
neutron source within the same general stellar sites that undergo core collapse
to produce the neutron star. Observational data on low-metallicity stars in the
Galactic halo show that sites producing the heavy r-nuclei do not produce Fe or
any other elements between N and Ge. Insofar as a forming neutron star is key
to producing the heavy r-nuclei, then the only possible sources are supernovae
resulting from collapse of O-Ne-Mg cores or accretion-induced collapse of white
dwarfs, neither of which produce the elements of the Fe group or those of
intermediate mass (above C and N). Using a template star with high enrichments
of heavy r-nuclei and another with low enrichments we develop a two-component
model based on the abundances of Eu (from sources for heavy r-nuclei) and Fe
(from Fe core-collapse supernovae). This model gives very good quantitative
predictions for the abundances of all the other elements in those metal-poor
stars with [Fe/H]<-1.5 for which the Eu and Fe abundances are known. (Abridged)
| astro-ph | we present a review of the possible sources for rprocess nuclei it is known that there is as yet no selfconsistent mechanism to provide abundant neutrons for a robust rprocess in the neutrinodriven winds from nascent neutron stars we consider that the heavy rnuclei with mass numbers a130 ba and above cannot be produced in the neutrinodriven winds nonetheless the rprocess and the neutrinodriven winds may be directly or indirectly related by some unknown additional mechanism which for example could provide ejecta with very short dynamic timescales of 0004 s this undetermined mechanism must supply a neutron source within the same general stellar sites that undergo core collapse to produce the neutron star observational data on lowmetallicity stars in the galactic halo show that sites producing the heavy rnuclei do not produce fe or any other elements between n and ge insofar as a forming neutron star is key to producing the heavy rnuclei then the only possible sources are supernovae resulting from collapse of onemg cores or accretioninduced collapse of white dwarfs neither of which produce the elements of the fe group or those of intermediate mass above c and n using a template star with high enrichments of heavy rnuclei and another with low enrichments we develop a twocomponent model based on the abundances of eu from sources for heavy rnuclei and fe from fe corecollapse supernovae this model gives very good quantitative predictions for the abundances of all the other elements in those metalpoor stars with feh15 for which the eu and fe abundances are known abridged | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'review', 'of', 'the', 'possible', 'sources', 'for', 'rprocess', 'nuclei', 'it', 'is', 'known', 'that', 'there', 'is', 'as', 'yet', 'no', 'selfconsistent', 'mechanism', 'to', 'provide', 'abundant', 'neutrons', 'for', 'a', 'robust', 'rprocess', 'in', 'the', 'neutrinodriven', 'winds', 'from', 'nascent', 'neutron', 'stars', 'we', 'consider', 'that', 'the', 'heavy', 'rnuclei', 'with', 'mass', 'numbers', 'a130', 'ba', 'and', 'above', 'can', 'not', 'be', 'produced', 'in', 'the', 'neutrinodriven', 'winds', 'nonetheless', 'the', 'rprocess', 'and', 'the', 'neutrinodriven', 'winds', 'may', 'be', 'directly', 'or', 'indirectly', 'related', 'by', 'some', 'unknown', 'additional', 'mechanism', 'which', 'for', 'example', 'could', 'provide', 'ejecta', 'with', 'very', 'short', 'dynamic', 'timescales', 'of', '0004', 's', 'this', 'undetermined', 'mechanism', 'must', 'supply', 'a', 'neutron', 'source', 'within', 'the', 'same', 'general', 'stellar', 'sites', 'that', 'undergo', 'core', 'collapse', 'to', 'produce', 'the', 'neutron', 'star', 'observational', 'data', 'on', 'lowmetallicity', 'stars', 'in', 'the', 'galactic', 'halo', 'show', 'that', 'sites', 'producing', 'the', 'heavy', 'rnuclei', 'do', 'not', 'produce', 'fe', 'or', 'any', 'other', 'elements', 'between', 'n', 'and', 'ge', 'insofar', 'as', 'a', 'forming', 'neutron', 'star', 'is', 'key', 'to', 'producing', 'the', 'heavy', 'rnuclei', 'then', 'the', 'only', 'possible', 'sources', 'are', 'supernovae', 'resulting', 'from', 'collapse', 'of', 'onemg', 'cores', 'or', 'accretioninduced', 'collapse', 'of', 'white', 'dwarfs', 'neither', 'of', 'which', 'produce', 'the', 'elements', 'of', 'the', 'fe', 'group', 'or', 'those', 'of', 'intermediate', 'mass', 'above', 'c', 'and', 'n', 'using', 'a', 'template', 'star', 'with', 'high', 'enrichments', 'of', 'heavy', 'rnuclei', 'and', 'another', 'with', 'low', 'enrichments', 'we', 'develop', 'a', 'twocomponent', 'model', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'abundances', 'of', 'eu', 'from', 'sources', 'for', 'heavy', 'rnuclei', 'and', 'fe', 'from', 'fe', 'corecollapse', 'supernovae', 'this', 'model', 'gives', 'very', 'good', 'quantitative', 'predictions', 'for', 'the', 'abundances', 'of', 'all', 'the', 'other', 'elements', 'in', 'those', 'metalpoor', 'stars', 'with', 'feh15', 'for', 'which', 'the', 'eu', 'and', 'fe', 'abundances', 'are', 'known', 'abridged']] | [-0.027725981237095607, 0.21341039384875832, -0.018587820003544232, 0.14755193541367034, -0.07879317106083178, -0.11885820040871814, 0.09931426732158609, 0.3854050512971549, -0.1973356385304953, -0.3174444766736579, 0.00806307150728972, -0.327864869879523, 0.026811261759478584, 0.19273845544950216, -0.008913597993972405, -0.08971853550769732, 0.10710571486533216, -0.004660831571652971, -0.07884297411513276, -0.23393495067672168, 0.33412571174852634, 0.06574230073947616, 0.13146814785855804, -0.022639964308439828, 0.006963515166243203, -0.14751494900765919, -0.0008959204111947639, -0.05260354215350587, -0.08639604767208645, 0.05219067377027149, 0.23868992403631323, 0.17479612080534648, 0.15991322972037442, -0.4413253486484746, -0.23990803191833504, 0.09765306401773002, 0.18435226495077092, 0.11242882005595584, -0.18635385856478406, -0.2094899851037546, 0.10561042992394575, -0.22431099517502862, -0.15270848343794688, 0.0010618577208155874, 0.021879762373650552, 0.0929880096140885, -0.2900323089197906, 0.07906873832622693, 0.07633155562680294, 0.04556014667839611, -0.0862251532916827, -0.14636091250253636, -0.07454983931091896, 0.04951483488682358, 0.06412915336423093, 0.03255683709406767, 0.12680009310356774, -0.09775494921852575, -0.0072603561751316105, 0.46534513881794887, -0.062249587272504396, -0.025229027739661777, 0.2246161706190756, -0.18574358514595735, -0.1850153974460802, 0.13764883954902232, 0.134586521585149, 0.16181760642791732, -0.16400297905471875, -0.021789462277170636, -0.0186962165826953, 0.19190187526285163, 0.026165297059556364, 0.05031918932061992, 0.3230700088036871, 0.15535050167093745, -0.01912424192091243, 0.013566666207333378, -0.1672598060284709, -0.028285204135398898, -0.27079549634657885, -0.11275117886448957, -0.08795627865670927, 0.10123819856168711, -0.1118558715713693, -0.1819530036891418, 0.28143031502292415, 0.09189111673071539, 0.19581203880966053, -0.03816939265800861, 0.2684403548366836, 0.04779865665957189, 0.09336966099850905, 0.12307815243921803, 0.2883760485164973, 0.18044170206305624, 0.08949620839765017, -0.24399059514918317, 0.17187649001799152, 0.04868025331618799] |
708.1768 | Cryptanalysis of shifted conjugacy authentication protocol | In this paper we present the first practical attack on the shifted
conjugacy-based authentication protocol proposed by P. Dehornoy. We discuss the
weaknesses of that primitive and propose ways to improve the protocol.
| math.GR cs.CR | in this paper we present the first practical attack on the shifted conjugacybased authentication protocol proposed by p dehornoy we discuss the weaknesses of that primitive and propose ways to improve the protocol | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'present', 'the', 'first', 'practical', 'attack', 'on', 'the', 'shifted', 'conjugacybased', 'authentication', 'protocol', 'proposed', 'by', 'p', 'dehornoy', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'weaknesses', 'of', 'that', 'primitive', 'and', 'propose', 'ways', 'to', 'improve', 'the', 'protocol']] | [-0.18273396842414513, -0.022410444857086986, -0.0787242547958158, 0.0011643525322142523, -0.04093842697329819, -0.20907379681011662, 0.14887174740579212, 0.3623304731445387, -0.2924684981117025, -0.27773284330032766, 0.05074994182723458, -0.18374649973702617, -0.22633302793838084, 0.15853158272511791, -0.19310681597562507, 0.0758567467564717, -0.012050063203787431, -0.004404927487485111, -0.058852539768849965, -0.33612062403699383, 0.4108259507920593, 0.04945753063657321, 0.2775337398343254, 0.08108737750444561, 0.07584951173339505, 0.011195435276022181, -0.006236067652935162, -0.09923589800018817, -0.19509194367242344, 0.16969915985828266, 0.262928495882079, 0.20468566760246176, 0.2918557481498283, -0.388976451169583, -0.13232545528444462, 0.08762287034187466, 0.18794417662138585, 0.13951545738382265, -0.09963873512242571, -0.30885020160349086, 0.17334155400749296, -0.28013107122387737, -0.09205686049244832, -0.10624064548755996, -0.006640262785367668, 0.004406187013955787, -0.19134583757841028, -0.036894415301503614, 0.09410301462048665, 0.04231760691618547, 0.016731383897422347, -0.10941986038233154, 0.11213452037191018, 0.09801528435491491, 0.03071663883747533, -0.03911103116843151, 0.10049571850686334, -0.017841443652287126, -0.19671536178793758, 0.3805001071887091, -0.010870640049688518, -0.1416177383507602, 0.11914098763372749, -0.011898085547727533, -0.1999346949160099, 0.0250746535602957, 0.20863711758283898, 0.11024288409680594, -0.09719203978966107, 0.018920779764812323, -0.05852025674539618, 0.13461306731915101, 0.05535591841908172, 0.01264003933465574, 0.07535991500481032, 0.1239761498873122, 0.06754661329614464, 0.1979395003290847, -0.10271489849401405, -0.025095557066379115, -0.2893984724651091, -0.21284580542123877, -0.1626460111583583, -0.03264408727409318, -0.021454774264839216, -0.06328697863500565, 0.4566470852587372, 0.3608653399714967, 0.15543844911735505, 0.07444394950289279, 0.41570603888249025, 0.05479925964027643, 0.0032473838655278087, 0.09550202553509735, 0.21789812482893467, 0.04646596920065349, 0.11427618215384427, -0.21255469060270116, 0.14455741630808916, 0.09507432581449393] |
708.1769 | Anomalously small wave tails in higher dimensions | We consider the late-time tails of spherical waves propagating on
even-dimensional Minkowski spacetime under the influence of a long range radial
potential. We show that in six and higher even dimensions there exist
exceptional potentials for which the tail has an anomalously small amplitude
and fast decay. Along the way we clarify and amend some confounding arguments
and statements in the literature of the subject.
| gr-qc | we consider the latetime tails of spherical waves propagating on evendimensional minkowski spacetime under the influence of a long range radial potential we show that in six and higher even dimensions there exist exceptional potentials for which the tail has an anomalously small amplitude and fast decay along the way we clarify and amend some confounding arguments and statements in the literature of the subject | [['we', 'consider', 'the', 'latetime', 'tails', 'of', 'spherical', 'waves', 'propagating', 'on', 'evendimensional', 'minkowski', 'spacetime', 'under', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'a', 'long', 'range', 'radial', 'potential', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'in', 'six', 'and', 'higher', 'even', 'dimensions', 'there', 'exist', 'exceptional', 'potentials', 'for', 'which', 'the', 'tail', 'has', 'an', 'anomalously', 'small', 'amplitude', 'and', 'fast', 'decay', 'along', 'the', 'way', 'we', 'clarify', 'and', 'amend', 'some', 'confounding', 'arguments', 'and', 'statements', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'of', 'the', 'subject']] | [-0.1666039259101336, 0.1405864710939708, -0.0978675263432356, 0.12239148165457524, -0.05557123425488288, -0.1101703718662835, 0.011973783395324763, 0.41011434547030007, -0.18900280960907156, -0.22462341163593988, 0.09958440671459987, -0.2681253385801728, -0.15901929078480373, 0.16803232584721767, -0.040469587380245614, 0.015257175474499281, 0.018605567428928157, 0.049104390762603055, -0.05975072842377883, -0.23656674067919645, 0.3241165353701665, 0.004488514381675766, 0.23660888101619024, 0.051266883466786775, 0.07740283058239864, 0.01184908735494201, -0.03687721626976362, 0.03116706331761984, -0.17276329852768238, 0.0718049366134577, 0.14462631917916813, 0.07866594670340418, 0.2471869453931084, -0.4662175817558399, -0.23067185431718826, 0.13623123875675866, 0.18245371802566715, 0.12793595115116868, -0.07887840889430103, -0.264745704170603, 0.03835599964412932, -0.15358541554843003, -0.23046019210551794, -0.08078054421796249, 0.0874566755329187, 0.01366565774839658, -0.21751053098302622, 0.11771642114214886, 0.09890677262670719, 0.05543223479046271, -0.09319538450710332, -0.09521498383524327, 0.022612489502017316, 0.08263945794449402, 0.1905263229112069, 0.0008482645838879622, 0.0749564028559969, -0.1362082862474311, -0.06486049987232456, 0.34908815003716603, -0.09219078762600055, -0.19964959465253812, 0.2095111892773555, -0.21331793655498096, -0.13515236562547775, 0.12991990864885827, 0.1643021814381847, 0.09873263790057256, -0.09868494390438383, 0.12830217371408184, -0.02022690107472814, 0.11892005951645282, 0.17801180527760432, 0.09634442727368038, 0.21557788032895098, 0.06502831248709788, 0.038042145437346055, 0.10734912624869208, -0.10002560020299055, -0.06118859503274927, -0.35420560468561374, -0.12481120270676911, -0.10901861623502694, 0.04939356334507465, -0.1324996697420899, -0.18491177145534984, 0.3776295518789154, 0.13157232832163573, 0.17829413545819428, 0.04708387897743915, 0.22830541884669892, 0.11012109457873381, 0.05008742333604739, 0.09710602420740402, 0.2801516331969581, 0.12043773656567702, 0.07714956506656913, -0.19231081425051133, 0.02273235644142215, -0.008051304748425117] |
708.177 | Large rotating AdS black holes from fluid mechanics | We use the AdS/CFT correspondence to argue that large rotating black holes in
global AdS(D) spaces are dual to stationary solutions of the relativistic
Navier-Stokes equations on S**(D-2). Reading off the equation of state of this
fluid from the thermodynamics of non-rotating black holes, we proceed to
construct the nonlinear spinning solutions of fluid mechanics that are dual to
rotating black holes. In all known examples, the thermodynamics and the local
stress tensor of our solutions are in precise agreement with the thermodynamics
and boundary stress tensor of the spinning black holes. Our fluid dynamical
description applies to large non-extremal black holes as well as a class of
large non-supersymmetric extremal black holes, but is never valid for
supersymmetric black holes. Our results yield predictions for the
thermodynamics of all large black holes in all theories of gravity on AdS
spaces, for example, string theory on AdS(5) x S**5 and M theory on AdS(4) x
S**7 and AdS(7) x S**4.
| hep-th | we use the adscft correspondence to argue that large rotating black holes in global adsd spaces are dual to stationary solutions of the relativistic navierstokes equations on sd2 reading off the equation of state of this fluid from the thermodynamics of nonrotating black holes we proceed to construct the nonlinear spinning solutions of fluid mechanics that are dual to rotating black holes in all known examples the thermodynamics and the local stress tensor of our solutions are in precise agreement with the thermodynamics and boundary stress tensor of the spinning black holes our fluid dynamical description applies to large nonextremal black holes as well as a class of large nonsupersymmetric extremal black holes but is never valid for supersymmetric black holes our results yield predictions for the thermodynamics of all large black holes in all theories of gravity on ads spaces for example string theory on ads5 x s5 and m theory on ads4 x s7 and ads7 x s4 | [['we', 'use', 'the', 'adscft', 'correspondence', 'to', 'argue', 'that', 'large', 'rotating', 'black', 'holes', 'in', 'global', 'adsd', 'spaces', 'are', 'dual', 'to', 'stationary', 'solutions', 'of', 'the', 'relativistic', 'navierstokes', 'equations', 'on', 'sd2', 'reading', 'off', 'the', 'equation', 'of', 'state', 'of', 'this', 'fluid', 'from', 'the', 'thermodynamics', 'of', 'nonrotating', 'black', 'holes', 'we', 'proceed', 'to', 'construct', 'the', 'nonlinear', 'spinning', 'solutions', 'of', 'fluid', 'mechanics', 'that', 'are', 'dual', 'to', 'rotating', 'black', 'holes', 'in', 'all', 'known', 'examples', 'the', 'thermodynamics', 'and', 'the', 'local', 'stress', 'tensor', 'of', 'our', 'solutions', 'are', 'in', 'precise', 'agreement', 'with', 'the', 'thermodynamics', 'and', 'boundary', 'stress', 'tensor', 'of', 'the', 'spinning', 'black', 'holes', 'our', 'fluid', 'dynamical', 'description', 'applies', 'to', 'large', 'nonextremal', 'black', 'holes', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'a', 'class', 'of', 'large', 'nonsupersymmetric', 'extremal', 'black', 'holes', 'but', 'is', 'never', 'valid', 'for', 'supersymmetric', 'black', 'holes', 'our', 'results', 'yield', 'predictions', 'for', 'the', 'thermodynamics', 'of', 'all', 'large', 'black', 'holes', 'in', 'all', 'theories', 'of', 'gravity', 'on', 'ads', 'spaces', 'for', 'example', 'string', 'theory', 'on', 'ads5', 'x', 's5', 'and', 'm', 'theory', 'on', 'ads4', 'x', 's7', 'and', 'ads7', 'x', 's4']] | [-0.12985044612648822, 0.10609659659764115, -0.04599120836915835, 0.16027778794157244, -0.053932634652328656, -0.14640271076244307, -0.033937560220149425, 0.25555567221962056, -0.13375031608654736, -0.2591422870228032, 0.11564510081654543, -0.36147990199567387, -0.07885499121679825, 0.17412871779411235, -0.0876988731198373, 0.06691425302470068, -0.010292086709267314, 0.03562557675038119, -0.1253835697227843, -0.23189916656171, 0.3621294797696876, 0.03080647098451103, 0.26715558003517065, -0.036276382233057194, 0.11855191133810945, -0.01678285226460148, 0.05889769010729033, 0.09199546185562259, -0.1854575360403433, 0.09624787547432308, 0.2597372323498291, 0.11115648035756634, 0.12292398048459359, -0.4674796040562339, -0.23270650406652893, 0.040007061741619415, 0.1335792748020294, 0.20190205423852559, -0.0859945080749714, -0.2410996598923731, 0.08030652744203524, -0.22006043917118753, -0.15790409839685726, -0.10684646784368926, 0.09625735934369804, -0.031666391406137986, -0.17528796376098157, 0.1245197425179078, 0.08540380907624978, -0.10603576265392625, -0.16840887347195274, -0.021852469295790454, -0.10600881196950919, 0.08348972633855897, 0.16648065166126164, 0.05090234188089124, 0.17965522106830617, -0.13202692263865107, -0.11254618100165946, 0.3366814179480685, -0.044339289536564935, -0.2472263498966869, 0.19457200400929595, -0.2679785580942466, -0.1533555317107799, 0.09471757230846761, 0.16223699906138037, 0.2928424616719145, -0.11784540621399786, 0.1777101737438297, -0.040021713954138824, 0.1421840730234512, 0.12792655944226766, 0.05274539806329281, 0.4011600370923022, 0.12291637748046397, -0.02731075711729907, 0.16053348911615709, 0.014528400883731673, -0.14679643712021154, -0.3797656296980831, -0.14955086154429792, -0.1426873206733521, 0.17534198147631339, -0.21660748141951003, -0.21862592098285566, 0.25601478284166296, 0.07684421882548798, 0.13408374244643012, 0.06689118105133281, 0.174628574668566, 0.01848797110984184, -0.01878717818455595, 0.12273748805043551, 0.34162188627106965, 0.17562509650282515, 0.16246639761734027, -0.20596887946931305, -0.15566514587650696, 0.19179344653157787] |
708.1771 | Specific Angular Momentum of Extrasolar Planetary Systems | As the number of known planetary systems increases, the ability to follow-up
and characterize the extent of any system becomes limited. This paper considers
the use of specific angular momentum as a metric to prioritize future
observations. We analyze 431 planets in 367 known extrasolar planetary systems
from Butler et al. (2006) (including updates to their online catalog, current
to April, 2011) and estimate each system's orbital angular momentum. The range
of partition- ing of specific angular momentum in these systems is found to be
large, spanning several orders of magnitude. The analysis shows that
multi-planet systems tend to have the highest values of specific angular
momentum normalized against the planetary masses. This suggests that in high
angular momentum systems, the dominant contributors have already been
discovered, and that single-planet sys- tems with low observed angular momentum
may be the most likely candidates for additional undiscovered companions
compared to their high angular momentum, single-planet counterparts. The
multi-planet system, GJ 581, is considered as a historical case study to
demonstrate the concept, examining how the specific angular momentum of the
know planetary system evolved with each discovery.
| astro-ph | as the number of known planetary systems increases the ability to followup and characterize the extent of any system becomes limited this paper considers the use of specific angular momentum as a metric to prioritize future observations we analyze 431 planets in 367 known extrasolar planetary systems from butler et al 2006 including updates to their online catalog current to april 2011 and estimate each systems orbital angular momentum the range of partition ing of specific angular momentum in these systems is found to be large spanning several orders of magnitude the analysis shows that multiplanet systems tend to have the highest values of specific angular momentum normalized against the planetary masses this suggests that in high angular momentum systems the dominant contributors have already been discovered and that singleplanet sys tems with low observed angular momentum may be the most likely candidates for additional undiscovered companions compared to their high angular momentum singleplanet counterparts the multiplanet system gj 581 is considered as a historical case study to demonstrate the concept examining how the specific angular momentum of the know planetary system evolved with each discovery | [['as', 'the', 'number', 'of', 'known', 'planetary', 'systems', 'increases', 'the', 'ability', 'to', 'followup', 'and', 'characterize', 'the', 'extent', 'of', 'any', 'system', 'becomes', 'limited', 'this', 'paper', 'considers', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'specific', 'angular', 'momentum', 'as', 'a', 'metric', 'to', 'prioritize', 'future', 'observations', 'we', 'analyze', '431', 'planets', 'in', '367', 'known', 'extrasolar', 'planetary', 'systems', 'from', 'butler', 'et', 'al', '2006', 'including', 'updates', 'to', 'their', 'online', 'catalog', 'current', 'to', 'april', '2011', 'and', 'estimate', 'each', 'systems', 'orbital', 'angular', 'momentum', 'the', 'range', 'of', 'partition', 'ing', 'of', 'specific', 'angular', 'momentum', 'in', 'these', 'systems', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'large', 'spanning', 'several', 'orders', 'of', 'magnitude', 'the', 'analysis', 'shows', 'that', 'multiplanet', 'systems', 'tend', 'to', 'have', 'the', 'highest', 'values', 'of', 'specific', 'angular', 'momentum', 'normalized', 'against', 'the', 'planetary', 'masses', 'this', 'suggests', 'that', 'in', 'high', 'angular', 'momentum', 'systems', 'the', 'dominant', 'contributors', 'have', 'already', 'been', 'discovered', 'and', 'that', 'singleplanet', 'sys', 'tems', 'with', 'low', 'observed', 'angular', 'momentum', 'may', 'be', 'the', 'most', 'likely', 'candidates', 'for', 'additional', 'undiscovered', 'companions', 'compared', 'to', 'their', 'high', 'angular', 'momentum', 'singleplanet', 'counterparts', 'the', 'multiplanet', 'system', 'gj', '581', 'is', 'considered', 'as', 'a', 'historical', 'case', 'study', 'to', 'demonstrate', 'the', 'concept', 'examining', 'how', 'the', 'specific', 'angular', 'momentum', 'of', 'the', 'know', 'planetary', 'system', 'evolved', 'with', 'each', 'discovery']] | [-0.15930538319091322, 0.10297909339699614, -0.037758286073503476, 0.07391611013751757, -0.1322816454878037, -0.07519416665778525, 0.04502818637880527, 0.32294963587636266, -0.19606833723348677, -0.4061826217283685, 0.06890368632163592, -0.29557131486444144, -0.08707122577470727, 0.215941010268345, -0.08563390308089795, 0.07718613129918106, 0.1122724401717004, -0.020444335905404423, -0.05170923821823371, -0.2664352446532888, 0.28105375028380586, 0.12322015527345401, 0.1479925648609717, -0.017826425609484275, 0.0914048012696527, 0.0038507637775613253, -0.07764726006475989, -0.03556182795775033, -0.15309340887751038, 0.04636995637569056, 0.26166938188716127, 0.09806005990235804, 0.2401679428344372, -0.2980409610255431, -0.19633711342729868, 0.09769131679974136, 0.1782754910721754, 0.08079332302534772, 0.001053873189194228, -0.24957804820345095, 0.08214985949747135, -0.23510463162255224, -0.17748936669780843, -0.07439496221273677, 0.10682384320910299, 0.05710259565497718, -0.22274090797810625, 0.09563844900087563, 0.06495130068612515, 0.08611189824609106, -0.12302216564014715, -0.18283249523993883, -0.11083881746256544, 0.08883251859405909, 0.05095315293248703, 0.048745334254808086, 0.11976241676126836, -0.08876291484702178, -0.09525203005465809, 0.38817565266784, -0.008064519808006784, -0.13256917841687438, 0.26208336544924127, -0.21571161546894618, -0.13619218866158683, 0.1143141620046389, 0.23119704677411657, 0.12768676732128525, -0.19375744697347444, -4.125807903111181e-05, -0.020049927378153448, 0.19632365632682078, 0.06267220599536774, 0.12494113442227645, 0.3232997485426485, 0.10996741735030927, 0.040081549468400174, 0.0780702799155567, -0.18422924242638333, -0.08174070088294215, -0.15210542465830523, -0.14445587474565205, -0.19437377967606348, 0.04951935882557444, -0.05770728760625809, -0.07810391910794762, 0.3402506001043304, 0.19064147929224107, 0.22920126020057147, -0.011015940266060493, 0.29218776100966076, 0.10962985876900073, 0.11503943692522264, 0.1182373443177791, 0.32184514457419994, 0.12257171235164947, 0.1703631813257372, -0.24724187103340461, 0.05828990650072854, -0.03849872608258519] |
708.1772 | Abelian duality, confinement, and chiral symmetry breaking in QCD(adj) | We analyze the vacuum structure of SU(2) QCD with multiple massless adjoint
representation fermions formulated on a small spatial $S^1 \times \R^3$. The
absence of thermal fluctuations, and the fact that quantum fluctuations
favoring the vacuum with unbroken center symmetry in a weakly coupled regime
renders the interesting dynamics of these theories analytically calculable.
Confinement, the area law behavior for large Wilson loops, and the generation
of the mass gap in the gluonic sector are shown analytically. By abelian
duality transformation, the long distance effective theory of QCD is mapped
into an amalgamation of $d=3$ dimensional Sine-Gordon and NJL models. The
duality necessitates going to IR first. In this regime, theory exhibits
confinement without continuous chiral symmetry breaking. However, a flavor
singlet chiral condensate (which breaks a discrete chiral symmetry) persists at
arbitrarily small $S^1$. Under the reasonable assumption that the theory on
$\R^4$ exhibits chiral symmetry breaking, there must exist a zero temperature
chiral phase transition in the absence of any change in spatial center symmetry
realizations.
| hep-th hep-lat hep-ph | we analyze the vacuum structure of su2 qcd with multiple massless adjoint representation fermions formulated on a small spatial s1 times r3 the absence of thermal fluctuations and the fact that quantum fluctuations favoring the vacuum with unbroken center symmetry in a weakly coupled regime renders the interesting dynamics of these theories analytically calculable confinement the area law behavior for large wilson loops and the generation of the mass gap in the gluonic sector are shown analytically by abelian duality transformation the long distance effective theory of qcd is mapped into an amalgamation of d3 dimensional sinegordon and njl models the duality necessitates going to ir first in this regime theory exhibits confinement without continuous chiral symmetry breaking however a flavor singlet chiral condensate which breaks a discrete chiral symmetry persists at arbitrarily small s1 under the reasonable assumption that the theory on r4 exhibits chiral symmetry breaking there must exist a zero temperature chiral phase transition in the absence of any change in spatial center symmetry realizations | [['we', 'analyze', 'the', 'vacuum', 'structure', 'of', 'su2', 'qcd', 'with', 'multiple', 'massless', 'adjoint', 'representation', 'fermions', 'formulated', 'on', 'a', 'small', 'spatial', 's1', 'times', 'r3', 'the', 'absence', 'of', 'thermal', 'fluctuations', 'and', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'quantum', 'fluctuations', 'favoring', 'the', 'vacuum', 'with', 'unbroken', 'center', 'symmetry', 'in', 'a', 'weakly', 'coupled', 'regime', 'renders', 'the', 'interesting', 'dynamics', 'of', 'these', 'theories', 'analytically', 'calculable', 'confinement', 'the', 'area', 'law', 'behavior', 'for', 'large', 'wilson', 'loops', 'and', 'the', 'generation', 'of', 'the', 'mass', 'gap', 'in', 'the', 'gluonic', 'sector', 'are', 'shown', 'analytically', 'by', 'abelian', 'duality', 'transformation', 'the', 'long', 'distance', 'effective', 'theory', 'of', 'qcd', 'is', 'mapped', 'into', 'an', 'amalgamation', 'of', 'd3', 'dimensional', 'sinegordon', 'and', 'njl', 'models', 'the', 'duality', 'necessitates', 'going', 'to', 'ir', 'first', 'in', 'this', 'regime', 'theory', 'exhibits', 'confinement', 'without', 'continuous', 'chiral', 'symmetry', 'breaking', 'however', 'a', 'flavor', 'singlet', 'chiral', 'condensate', 'which', 'breaks', 'a', 'discrete', 'chiral', 'symmetry', 'persists', 'at', 'arbitrarily', 'small', 's1', 'under', 'the', 'reasonable', 'assumption', 'that', 'the', 'theory', 'on', 'r4', 'exhibits', 'chiral', 'symmetry', 'breaking', 'there', 'must', 'exist', 'a', 'zero', 'temperature', 'chiral', 'phase', 'transition', 'in', 'the', 'absence', 'of', 'any', 'change', 'in', 'spatial', 'center', 'symmetry', 'realizations']] | [-0.20492766250598443, 0.27910658938769, -0.08790600760507264, 0.09190276475246287, -0.04677179170262423, -0.15944327945388587, -0.0021296581981005147, 0.3563842882258108, -0.19720287007069037, -0.2169341009797617, 0.06176563767768953, -0.24707484415349817, -0.09313262973557271, 0.013890569436452574, 0.014281449426822032, 0.03786031509419748, -0.05405444676095309, 0.053622544064031295, -0.1301277696981006, -0.18457863392264007, 0.28702575574529227, -0.0483176569306081, 0.340921345837636, 0.11193916415677882, 0.09029570142627649, 0.00851935673294758, 0.07449118428242703, -0.022137686458466175, -0.09724763894796308, 0.04928553126159213, 0.18520515805507134, -0.05336226610649776, 0.14143608303025498, -0.43817241492104675, -0.25317318277389167, 0.10073041377749871, 0.16656239268819004, 0.14730883783236745, -0.051627341449299514, -0.31294517497909036, 0.044623493818410985, -0.16842343387266046, -0.2336688326959986, -0.10139335762055236, -0.00803415221716499, -0.13442402697442699, -0.2724274331277619, 0.11729658312857455, 0.03232496196315402, 0.08500223681663296, -0.02867764579631122, -0.04261725746826934, -0.08810432671868641, 0.06852381080499895, 0.1396878323009029, 0.04510444456744673, 0.11650167800135455, -0.20411763987574108, -0.10175762187836448, 0.4245517114343654, -0.07941257955306875, -0.14952538776144916, 0.15350036622354915, -0.15723565785585725, -0.1687378491291643, 0.15953436297574322, 0.08951172639527136, 0.0864020599355215, -0.08888485998925587, 0.20659737804193615, -0.0607029036043622, 0.17594507192691144, 0.08713106286068935, 0.06295169139325264, 0.28409838935892495, 0.12321304691223693, 0.0475895220186517, 0.12839310264319334, -0.02016871889299225, -0.19901546836453712, -0.3937391150119809, -0.06244911132740699, -0.16858983144421863, 0.10389526345395661, -0.13915272889677172, -0.15332628701244608, 0.3567899046244011, 0.1177220067651693, 0.1804203851580886, 0.025746237761701367, 0.22876308835943096, 0.1253840073422041, 0.11429700830263928, 0.05063921063473182, 0.2380856194206336, 0.1772432604442916, 0.08955333904097122, -0.30907425338123823, -0.09752012160468093, 0.12914994724061607] |
708.1773 | Homotopy Lie Superalgebra in Yang-Mills Theory | The Yang-Mills equations are formulated in the form of generalized
Maurer-Cartan equations, such that the corresponding algebraic operations are
shown to satisfy the defining relations of homotopy Lie superalgebra.
| hep-th math-ph math.MP math.QA | the yangmills equations are formulated in the form of generalized maurercartan equations such that the corresponding algebraic operations are shown to satisfy the defining relations of homotopy lie superalgebra | [['the', 'yangmills', 'equations', 'are', 'formulated', 'in', 'the', 'form', 'of', 'generalized', 'maurercartan', 'equations', 'such', 'that', 'the', 'corresponding', 'algebraic', 'operations', 'are', 'shown', 'to', 'satisfy', 'the', 'defining', 'relations', 'of', 'homotopy', 'lie', 'superalgebra']] | [-0.21144176190638722, 0.07679044311978565, -0.06785710798255329, 0.11604132284892016, -0.16867441142877115, -0.12305621780326655, -0.12355706320497496, 0.24259078374196744, -0.36482638364721987, -0.236314434493924, 0.08702682871933512, -0.22936991300305415, -0.21445079642380105, 0.14880471445363144, -0.10181775212223673, 0.052335797905408106, -0.00500313924015339, 0.13732508338730912, -0.18823711624658057, -0.2626836033024151, 0.4049904351604396, -0.09958993658375252, 0.24522879506736805, -0.06719688762878549, 0.20368158406224743, -0.06346783602353313, -0.016427497973601365, 0.01904908042593763, -0.11544242258116419, 0.11596888753360715, 0.37189750848659153, 0.09858716998634667, 0.1106322993492258, -0.47294661094402446, -0.08932174318309488, 0.09723729797606838, 0.17109280859987283, 0.019672206655176806, 0.06811283092046606, -0.3035961911724559, 0.0828738186893792, -0.17786143482502165, -0.1589289804406721, -0.11756109292137212, 0.014321500499700678, 0.05878511591461198, -0.22059067518546663, 0.015805533862319487, 0.04269160651441278, 0.06645045134014096, -0.15024363432593388, -0.08242234783166827, -0.13874519693440404, 0.056232440654702225, -0.04026419028704022, -0.031499688063972985, 0.11250953363848785, -0.10496812744130349, -0.10822040208711706, 0.4328267050200495, 0.03581031097163414, -0.3187823820987652, 0.0649662150455446, -0.12180662193688853, -0.23126381953600153, 0.09249753543529017, 0.04269764673542874, 0.13259550550117574, -0.16576289478689432, 0.23271299689879704, -0.09561955032805944, -0.02295782587266174, 0.14460684452205896, 0.03584358823517787, 0.11880888115486195, 0.05915308955671458, 0.014587939170927837, 0.09208834229101395, 0.14530621944316502, -0.1659001323940425, -0.42905131701765387, -0.17069937572975097, -0.044223413874941137, 0.1436685490710982, -0.14201803219600997, -0.17855553489864867, 0.3088946035693817, 0.11362728103995323, 0.09990111173226915, 0.13257082102113757, 0.13270982277804408, 0.2571580793451646, 0.16431584453274464, 0.06929716917461362, 0.21439231181083696, 0.3677860458606276, 0.0215808912340937, -0.19131355610643996, -0.07782170989004702, 0.3147748525993064] |
708.1774 | Localization for Schrodinger operators with random vector potentials | We prove Anderson localization at the internal band-edges for periodic
magnetic Schr{\"o}dinger operators perturbed by random vector potentials of
Anderson-type. This is achieved by combining new results on the Lifshitz tails
behavior of the integrated density of states for random magnetic
Schr{\"o}dinger operators, thereby providing the initial length-scale estimate,
and a Wegner estimate, for such models.
| math-ph math.MP math.SP | we prove anderson localization at the internal bandedges for periodic magnetic schrodinger operators perturbed by random vector potentials of andersontype this is achieved by combining new results on the lifshitz tails behavior of the integrated density of states for random magnetic schrodinger operators thereby providing the initial lengthscale estimate and a wegner estimate for such models | [['we', 'prove', 'anderson', 'localization', 'at', 'the', 'internal', 'bandedges', 'for', 'periodic', 'magnetic', 'schrodinger', 'operators', 'perturbed', 'by', 'random', 'vector', 'potentials', 'of', 'andersontype', 'this', 'is', 'achieved', 'by', 'combining', 'new', 'results', 'on', 'the', 'lifshitz', 'tails', 'behavior', 'of', 'the', 'integrated', 'density', 'of', 'states', 'for', 'random', 'magnetic', 'schrodinger', 'operators', 'thereby', 'providing', 'the', 'initial', 'lengthscale', 'estimate', 'and', 'a', 'wegner', 'estimate', 'for', 'such', 'models']] | [-0.12979149531539796, 0.19245747871796734, -0.05102967789363382, 0.0946482087851369, 0.0005077747544938964, -0.14781057900316746, 0.014847585669485852, 0.35599838716111015, -0.2343248658414398, -0.24071747467054852, 0.062282275633021654, -0.3037741239448743, -0.12388839285995346, 0.18086467939428985, 0.031897538433051, 0.14652062746297037, 0.019397427344561687, 0.01244890852831304, -0.07438566519080528, -0.17113550949475861, 0.3762075731065124, 0.009024453050057803, 0.22466755541972816, 0.054213448926540356, 0.05719697470444122, 0.06923927951096889, 0.021177622489631176, -0.021666957722378095, -0.12174027517072059, 0.14250971479486907, 0.14391652208912223, -0.03310721743036993, 0.27080626379964606, -0.4387282286770642, -0.2937978279078379, 0.0650859605354656, 0.15340548866827572, 0.13901111886038311, -0.06664006892450354, -0.41645839757152964, 0.08830558964317399, -0.09270462239094611, -0.25405693418412867, -0.09515133247311626, 0.061072748000567244, 0.058994302255866514, -0.37280238160331336, 0.14429533351046434, 0.0719507673555719, 0.06828568218874612, -0.16285737790167332, -0.07378001602150366, -0.023243264054014747, 0.07037751495538812, -0.0029099610401317477, 0.016611354448416802, 0.11787222464668698, -0.12611558252995433, -0.1450868730732639, 0.27251448450260796, -0.1002752821825977, -0.19107781965132226, 0.1405011416479413, -0.1287739917336564, -0.08745971794373222, 0.09609283487744895, 0.16460276684457703, 0.070287946877735, -0.14541486396254705, 0.13644045940496394, -0.0013769291212416387, 0.10620187397996363, 0.056113075444695175, 0.06375341099088214, 0.1682536760012486, 0.11074734949839435, 0.14054803134474372, 0.13222951913069533, -0.045971220188740905, -0.07108917759718938, -0.28457559478868333, -0.08186769650949698, -0.23680077260360122, 0.09318871528375894, -0.15707818897681136, -0.22801034112593957, 0.449659082173769, 0.16506884797126986, 0.21978014521300793, 0.07925088792191153, 0.16919623065041378, 0.23178254912740417, 0.016557694142518033, 0.0710330926896339, 0.19105728469938704, 0.17533035308172526, 0.11208500181757179, -0.22866123446562728, 0.015996589400206825, 0.16756677349414012] |
708.1775 | The Molecular Gas Environment around Two Herbig Ae/Be Stars: Resolving
the Outflows of LkHa 198 and LkHa 225S | Observations of outflows associated with pre-main-sequence stars reveal
details about morphology, binarity and evolutionary states of young stellar
objects. We present molecular line data from the Berkeley-Illinois-Maryland
Association array and Five Colleges Radio Astronomical Observatory toward the
regions containing the Herbig Ae/Be stars LkHa 198 and LkHa 225S. Single dish
observations of 12CO 1-0, 13CO 1-0, N2H+ 1-0 and CS 2-1 were made over a field
of 4.3' x 4.3' for each species. 12CO data from FCRAO were combined with high
resolution BIMA array data to achieve a naturally-weighted synthesized beam of
6.75'' x 5.5'' toward LkHa 198 and 5.7'' x 3.95'' toward LkHa 225S,
representing resolution improvements of factors of approximately 10 and 5 over
existing data. By using uniform weighting, we achieved another factor of two
improvement. The outflow around LkHa 198 resolves into at least four outflows,
none of which are centered on LkHa 198-IR, but even at our resolution, we
cannot exclude the possibility of an outflow associated with this source. In
the LkHa 225S region, we find evidence for two outflows associated with LkHa
225S itself and a third outflow is likely driven by this source. Identification
of the driving sources is still resolution-limited and is also complicated by
the presence of three clouds along the line of sight toward the Cygnus
molecular cloud. 13CO is present in the environments of both stars along with
cold, dense gas as traced by CS and (in LkHa 225S) N2H+. No 2.6 mm continuum is
detected in either region in relatively shallow maps compared to existing
continuum observations.
| astro-ph | observations of outflows associated with premainsequence stars reveal details about morphology binarity and evolutionary states of young stellar objects we present molecular line data from the berkeleyillinoismaryland association array and five colleges radio astronomical observatory toward the regions containing the herbig aebe stars lkha 198 and lkha 225s single dish observations of 12co 10 13co 10 n2h 10 and cs 21 were made over a field of 43 x 43 for each species 12co data from fcrao were combined with high resolution bima array data to achieve a naturallyweighted synthesized beam of 675 x 55 toward lkha 198 and 57 x 395 toward lkha 225s representing resolution improvements of factors of approximately 10 and 5 over existing data by using uniform weighting we achieved another factor of two improvement the outflow around lkha 198 resolves into at least four outflows none of which are centered on lkha 198ir but even at our resolution we cannot exclude the possibility of an outflow associated with this source in the lkha 225s region we find evidence for two outflows associated with lkha 225s itself and a third outflow is likely driven by this source identification of the driving sources is still resolutionlimited and is also complicated by the presence of three clouds along the line of sight toward the cygnus molecular cloud 13co is present in the environments of both stars along with cold dense gas as traced by cs and in lkha 225s n2h no 26 mm continuum is detected in either region in relatively shallow maps compared to existing continuum observations | [['observations', 'of', 'outflows', 'associated', 'with', 'premainsequence', 'stars', 'reveal', 'details', 'about', 'morphology', 'binarity', 'and', 'evolutionary', 'states', 'of', 'young', 'stellar', 'objects', 'we', 'present', 'molecular', 'line', 'data', 'from', 'the', 'berkeleyillinoismaryland', 'association', 'array', 'and', 'five', 'colleges', 'radio', 'astronomical', 'observatory', 'toward', 'the', 'regions', 'containing', 'the', 'herbig', 'aebe', 'stars', 'lkha', '198', 'and', 'lkha', '225s', 'single', 'dish', 'observations', 'of', '12co', '10', '13co', '10', 'n2h', '10', 'and', 'cs', '21', 'were', 'made', 'over', 'a', 'field', 'of', '43', 'x', '43', 'for', 'each', 'species', '12co', 'data', 'from', 'fcrao', 'were', 'combined', 'with', 'high', 'resolution', 'bima', 'array', 'data', 'to', 'achieve', 'a', 'naturallyweighted', 'synthesized', 'beam', 'of', '675', 'x', '55', 'toward', 'lkha', '198', 'and', '57', 'x', '395', 'toward', 'lkha', '225s', 'representing', 'resolution', 'improvements', 'of', 'factors', 'of', 'approximately', '10', 'and', '5', 'over', 'existing', 'data', 'by', 'using', 'uniform', 'weighting', 'we', 'achieved', 'another', 'factor', 'of', 'two', 'improvement', 'the', 'outflow', 'around', 'lkha', '198', 'resolves', 'into', 'at', 'least', 'four', 'outflows', 'none', 'of', 'which', 'are', 'centered', 'on', 'lkha', '198ir', 'but', 'even', 'at', 'our', 'resolution', 'we', 'can', 'not', 'exclude', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'an', 'outflow', 'associated', 'with', 'this', 'source', 'in', 'the', 'lkha', '225s', 'region', 'we', 'find', 'evidence', 'for', 'two', 'outflows', 'associated', 'with', 'lkha', '225s', 'itself', 'and', 'a', 'third', 'outflow', 'is', 'likely', 'driven', 'by', 'this', 'source', 'identification', 'of', 'the', 'driving', 'sources', 'is', 'still', 'resolutionlimited', 'and', 'is', 'also', 'complicated', 'by', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'three', 'clouds', 'along', 'the', 'line', 'of', 'sight', 'toward', 'the', 'cygnus', 'molecular', 'cloud', '13co', 'is', 'present', 'in', 'the', 'environments', 'of', 'both', 'stars', 'along', 'with', 'cold', 'dense', 'gas', 'as', 'traced', 'by', 'cs', 'and', 'in', 'lkha', '225s', 'n2h', 'no', '26', 'mm', 'continuum', 'is', 'detected', 'in', 'either', 'region', 'in', 'relatively', 'shallow', 'maps', 'compared', 'to', 'existing', 'continuum', 'observations']] | [-0.08100136059280628, 0.05132941791162292, 0.02788957959026616, 0.0013532192265600484, -0.05777534598243714, -0.09970226504234957, 0.08107600915047941, 0.4967207265550335, -0.15292237814997672, -0.35884109745071807, 0.10542125194594192, -0.2941619572103829, 0.035629001070303, 0.1518239215713958, -0.010889179249695038, -0.054387249476833696, 0.07706563839348192, -0.1170602243948318, -0.021524040044184675, -0.17898851390810602, 0.2805686126351644, 0.070909796822924, 0.1311261795504328, -0.022166839315336643, 0.10247976691048578, -0.1879441394339384, -0.09346498623238625, -0.04011105491445331, -0.08773498459535733, 0.0857075032828426, 0.2682446253523734, 0.12207056999990436, 0.19824634419132067, -0.31569612219221316, -0.20160862615756317, 0.007354007541241563, 0.2006848179114961, -0.0029352585911844287, 0.0006413352203781944, -0.32905436189967463, 0.08600802521237522, -0.14551250149431175, -0.17243675837242925, 0.08742992784517807, 0.05316085034925634, 0.01332299174767472, -0.2018071304549172, 0.10623865780314075, -0.0023676345185970017, 0.18042576268070798, -0.11656464583736675, -0.19224067749887072, -0.04540174123813114, 0.05111739334729446, -0.040318361241694065, 0.15978629001089045, 0.18044025232003189, -0.13398709078386792, -0.091870508692497, 0.38821922371372525, -0.10835665185498901, -0.023721767017711313, 0.24659990241326765, -0.22764677797088176, -0.2246304378542747, 0.26162050908582435, 0.08966676021735526, 0.1170798364656341, -0.13437335553185062, -0.03607854511769503, -0.053716790260977205, 0.25424490789936777, 0.10852485229566866, 0.037088627585849965, 0.31269812357745, 0.09131451431728367, 0.02287472168911378, 0.1547644723559151, -0.3100481327013185, -0.07930154866326787, -0.20652988217015927, -0.12299042191755559, -0.09194289737122141, 0.11261579252175608, -0.13440547471489123, -0.041310216984298063, 0.2854089675413653, 0.0763126446912245, 0.23139878688559914, -0.007826656618687724, 0.2608274321016068, 0.013193876284775126, 0.10368685061327797, 0.1611853829894258, 0.26651964453318694, 0.16932806826797117, 0.13684335704191686, -0.18694522124301627, 0.029980871972041814, -0.05540410298710279] |
708.1776 | Spectra of random linear combinations of matrices defined via
representations and Coxeter generators of the symmetric group | We consider the asymptotic behavior as $n\to\infty$ of the spectra of random
matrices of the form \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{n-1}}\sum_{k=1}^{n-1}Z_{nk}\rho_n
((k,k+1)),\] where for each $n$ the random variables $Z_{nk}$ are i.i.d.
standard Gaussian and the matrices $\rho_n((k,k+1))$ are obtained by applying
an irreducible unitary representation $\rho_n$ of the symmetric group on
$\{1,2,...,n\}$ to the transposition $(k,k+1)$ that interchanges $k$ and $k+1$
[thus, $\rho_n((k,k+1))$ is both unitary and self-adjoint, with all eigenvalues
either +1 or -1]. Irreducible representations of the symmetric group on
$\{1,2,...,n\}$ are indexed by partitions $\lambda_n$ of $n$. A consequence of
the results we establish is that if $\lambda_{n,1}\ge\lambda_{n,2}\ge...\ge0$
is the partition of $n$ corresponding to $\rho_n$, $\mu_{n,1}\ge\mu_{n,2}\ge
>...\ge0$ is the corresponding conjugate partition of $n$ (i.e., the Young
diagram of $\mu_n$ is the transpose of the Young diagram of $\lambda_n$),
$\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\lambda_{n,i}}{n}=p_i$ for each $i\ge1$, and
$\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\mu_{n,j}}{n}=q_j$ for each $j\ge1$, then the spectral
measure of the resulting random matrix converges in distribution to a random
probability measure that is Gaussian with random mean $\theta Z$ and variance
$1-\theta^2$, where $\theta$ is the constant $\sum_ip_i^2-\sum_jq_j^2$ and $Z$
is a standard Gaussian random variable.
| math.PR math.RT | we consider the asymptotic behavior as ntoinfty of the spectra of random matrices of the form frac1sqrtn1sum_k1n1z_nkrho_n kk1 where for each n the random variables z_nk are iid standard gaussian and the matrices rho_nkk1 are obtained by applying an irreducible unitary representation rho_n of the symmetric group on 12n to the transposition kk1 that interchanges k and k1 thus rho_nkk1 is both unitary and selfadjoint with all eigenvalues either 1 or 1 irreducible representations of the symmetric group on 12n are indexed by partitions lambda_n of n a consequence of the results we establish is that if lambda_n1gelambda_n2gege0 is the partition of n corresponding to rho_n mu_n1gemu_n2ge ge0 is the corresponding conjugate partition of n ie the young diagram of mu_n is the transpose of the young diagram of lambda_n lim_ntoinftyfraclambda_ninp_i for each ige1 and lim_ntoinftyfracmu_njnq_j for each jge1 then the spectral measure of the resulting random matrix converges in distribution to a random probability measure that is gaussian with random mean theta z and variance 1theta2 where theta is the constant sum_ip_i2sum_jq_j2 and z is a standard gaussian random variable | [['we', 'consider', 'the', 'asymptotic', 'behavior', 'as', 'ntoinfty', 'of', 'the', 'spectra', 'of', 'random', 'matrices', 'of', 'the', 'form', 'frac1sqrtn1sum_k1n1z_nkrho_n', 'kk1', 'where', 'for', 'each', 'n', 'the', 'random', 'variables', 'z_nk', 'are', 'iid', 'standard', 'gaussian', 'and', 'the', 'matrices', 'rho_nkk1', 'are', 'obtained', 'by', 'applying', 'an', 'irreducible', 'unitary', 'representation', 'rho_n', 'of', 'the', 'symmetric', 'group', 'on', '12n', 'to', 'the', 'transposition', 'kk1', 'that', 'interchanges', 'k', 'and', 'k1', 'thus', 'rho_nkk1', 'is', 'both', 'unitary', 'and', 'selfadjoint', 'with', 'all', 'eigenvalues', 'either', '1', 'or', '1', 'irreducible', 'representations', 'of', 'the', 'symmetric', 'group', 'on', '12n', 'are', 'indexed', 'by', 'partitions', 'lambda_n', 'of', 'n', 'a', 'consequence', 'of', 'the', 'results', 'we', 'establish', 'is', 'that', 'if', 'lambda_n1gelambda_n2gege0', 'is', 'the', 'partition', 'of', 'n', 'corresponding', 'to', 'rho_n', 'mu_n1gemu_n2ge', 'ge0', 'is', 'the', 'corresponding', 'conjugate', 'partition', 'of', 'n', 'ie', 'the', 'young', 'diagram', 'of', 'mu_n', 'is', 'the', 'transpose', 'of', 'the', 'young', 'diagram', 'of', 'lambda_n', 'lim_ntoinftyfraclambda_ninp_i', 'for', 'each', 'ige1', 'and', 'lim_ntoinftyfracmu_njnq_j', 'for', 'each', 'jge1', 'then', 'the', 'spectral', 'measure', 'of', 'the', 'resulting', 'random', 'matrix', 'converges', 'in', 'distribution', 'to', 'a', 'random', 'probability', 'measure', 'that', 'is', 'gaussian', 'with', 'random', 'mean', 'theta', 'z', 'and', 'variance', '1theta2', 'where', 'theta', 'is', 'the', 'constant', 'sum_ip_i2sum_jq_j2', 'and', 'z', 'is', 'a', 'standard', 'gaussian', 'random', 'variable']] | [-0.1290055209760032, 0.21911266633934232, -0.07521694678156449, 0.0075673135105154415, -0.014235441817907412, -0.1508139262939507, 0.044155166977666575, 0.35621491724872867, -0.26560731178332614, -0.19213980517075585, 0.1010294535023704, -0.3274058314374072, -0.12152708180159912, 0.09589710260870614, -0.024124249255397717, 0.03749725073199138, 0.0034004465442667633, 0.15229930990843932, -0.09242354925032813, -0.2554223093546044, 0.33122981333233026, -0.025417162396142938, 0.19497086224146187, -0.05984283523765969, 0.09199774081985644, 0.03833453623427218, -0.024470818164419234, -0.045872457826111705, -0.09820543238121816, 0.05896877743319926, 0.20944314738304887, 0.12008532184321498, 0.2395033073205113, -0.29595209115300586, -0.11092654287389808, 0.20855517155151662, 0.17069972493561963, -0.013071781874908877, 0.01795581669945033, -0.2717030003203908, 0.15254870431384643, -0.1286292625335449, -0.13812556886644106, -0.02104423947314694, 0.06027004769007336, 0.0686448376687685, -0.3767498415178819, 0.0676246124866144, 0.08896392808064302, 0.04067355241206599, 0.015675946141490874, -0.21744550692961911, -0.026732728278232105, 0.13399689677009907, 0.01022428996266119, 0.045405122890228654, 0.08163016163501781, -0.08693054900100897, -0.07551627274941804, 0.36270505534952663, -0.06230090269980403, -0.2412904134380895, 0.08983034526423223, -0.19080061294579867, -0.13908977333370143, 0.11766225416105607, 0.0958167030260699, 0.11976277892816962, -0.08234474048922862, 0.18008102508695162, -0.11288021677281342, 0.12513779777282516, 0.07254485951230533, -0.00072014237608696, 0.11744865045157353, 0.04405668985254718, 0.0908438544518535, 0.14883832538882646, -0.05402690177040465, -0.08026286870553401, -0.3281102780295762, -0.16568207166916718, -0.2600024718423832, 0.12805920332196474, -0.20781106181726036, -0.19043361285238425, 0.3596523856956813, 0.05961752023596338, 0.25716563132241627, 0.14683436199139827, 0.19710974691360328, 0.15807243517931077, -0.01993821743159754, 0.08253948048370853, 0.049218754164303914, 0.22626905363171518, -0.04552001506628501, -0.1783552941101781, 0.04520225326659836, 0.11760799621226471] |
708.1777 | Electronic Ground State of Higher Acenes | We examine the electronic ground state of acenes with different number of
fused benzene rings (up to 40) by using first principles density functional
theory. Their properties are compared with those of infinite polyacene. We find
that the ground state of acenes that consist of more than seven fused benzene
rings is an antiferromagnetic (in other words, open-shell singlet) state, and
we show that this singlet is not necessarily a diradical, because the spatially
separated magnetizations for the spin-up and spin-down electrons increase with
the size of the acene. For example, our results indicate that there are about
four spin-up electrons localized at one zigzag edge of 20-acene. The reason
that both acenes and polyacene have the antiferromagnetic ground state is due
to the zigzag-shaped boundaries, which cause pi-electrons to localize and form
spin orders at the edges. Both wider graphene ribbons and large
rectangular-shaped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been shown to share
this antiferromagnetic ground state. Therefore, we demonstrate that the
pi-electronic structure of higher acenes and ployacene are still dictated by
the zigzag edges, and our results provide a consistent description of their
electronic ground state.
| physics.chem-ph physics.comp-ph | we examine the electronic ground state of acenes with different number of fused benzene rings up to 40 by using first principles density functional theory their properties are compared with those of infinite polyacene we find that the ground state of acenes that consist of more than seven fused benzene rings is an antiferromagnetic in other words openshell singlet state and we show that this singlet is not necessarily a diradical because the spatially separated magnetizations for the spinup and spindown electrons increase with the size of the acene for example our results indicate that there are about four spinup electrons localized at one zigzag edge of 20acene the reason that both acenes and polyacene have the antiferromagnetic ground state is due to the zigzagshaped boundaries which cause pielectrons to localize and form spin orders at the edges both wider graphene ribbons and large rectangularshaped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been shown to share this antiferromagnetic ground state therefore we demonstrate that the pielectronic structure of higher acenes and ployacene are still dictated by the zigzag edges and our results provide a consistent description of their electronic ground state | [['we', 'examine', 'the', 'electronic', 'ground', 'state', 'of', 'acenes', 'with', 'different', 'number', 'of', 'fused', 'benzene', 'rings', 'up', 'to', '40', 'by', 'using', 'first', 'principles', 'density', 'functional', 'theory', 'their', 'properties', 'are', 'compared', 'with', 'those', 'of', 'infinite', 'polyacene', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'ground', 'state', 'of', 'acenes', 'that', 'consist', 'of', 'more', 'than', 'seven', 'fused', 'benzene', 'rings', 'is', 'an', 'antiferromagnetic', 'in', 'other', 'words', 'openshell', 'singlet', 'state', 'and', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'this', 'singlet', 'is', 'not', 'necessarily', 'a', 'diradical', 'because', 'the', 'spatially', 'separated', 'magnetizations', 'for', 'the', 'spinup', 'and', 'spindown', 'electrons', 'increase', 'with', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'the', 'acene', 'for', 'example', 'our', 'results', 'indicate', 'that', 'there', 'are', 'about', 'four', 'spinup', 'electrons', 'localized', 'at', 'one', 'zigzag', 'edge', 'of', '20acene', 'the', 'reason', 'that', 'both', 'acenes', 'and', 'polyacene', 'have', 'the', 'antiferromagnetic', 'ground', 'state', 'is', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'zigzagshaped', 'boundaries', 'which', 'cause', 'pielectrons', 'to', 'localize', 'and', 'form', 'spin', 'orders', 'at', 'the', 'edges', 'both', 'wider', 'graphene', 'ribbons', 'and', 'large', 'rectangularshaped', 'polycyclic', 'aromatic', 'hydrocarbons', 'have', 'been', 'shown', 'to', 'share', 'this', 'antiferromagnetic', 'ground', 'state', 'therefore', 'we', 'demonstrate', 'that', 'the', 'pielectronic', 'structure', 'of', 'higher', 'acenes', 'and', 'ployacene', 'are', 'still', 'dictated', 'by', 'the', 'zigzag', 'edges', 'and', 'our', 'results', 'provide', 'a', 'consistent', 'description', 'of', 'their', 'electronic', 'ground', 'state']] | [-0.12852924484609357, 0.18409931477510072, -0.014312603606051334, 0.04299527823096341, 0.01163999509799885, -0.13115348932095452, 0.018777439594819582, 0.4379144049880485, -0.23883183640227604, -0.2956727907995403, 0.029516879405941495, -0.34374803238578383, -0.06397510547521373, 0.12969356755787376, 0.0628665130602957, -0.022257330051312845, 0.0594213588065618, 0.01097170839362192, -0.06866990536093331, -0.2443754218821664, 0.2764293751335122, -0.015438842802478741, 0.2749155837421616, 0.07857350744332077, 0.009245499998571412, -0.020906520719509773, 0.10859194321693072, 0.0037328987732850095, -0.1111037648765349, 0.14688284131629462, 0.2804447538857799, -0.046723229899471724, 0.20258249114242494, -0.499849170496467, -0.15679745229401737, 0.03726020917767078, 0.10573495296581138, 0.16566660850852108, -0.020784296095762426, -0.3004393816258388, 0.10722157639521425, -0.18935129194760128, -0.11402660053347298, -0.10775631027276157, 0.0061350811713485305, 0.019495401081443833, -0.18346706568795476, 0.08911449837708665, 0.056467984624642635, 0.04342177596133483, -0.1286136490187698, -0.18441759119491263, -0.12057406551915631, 0.0907321833399555, 0.05315394839897792, 0.007610432132678006, 0.12677879107525192, -0.1213604843404184, -0.1298417044009873, 0.3666633077827032, -0.04266160947775471, -0.11484953674978467, 0.23128768295470264, -0.17003089423361484, -0.10412617529722391, 0.20282941366425686, 0.04546392790945648, 0.1063025166475845, -0.1058139892092215, 0.02925190354462072, -0.06360611016924683, 0.18779380753466118, 0.06284662955991363, 0.13201419538342624, 0.229866415044413, 0.13298032944771632, 0.06907145972163366, 0.16667360652354546, -0.09991196586665327, -0.08703044361074365, -0.19833260019540147, -0.18155193758467514, -0.20461223832386677, 0.03852292800440155, -0.01932627995573898, -0.18405986155470289, 0.4140443262601552, 0.12145825504745927, 0.17610168524627243, -0.004807588350783873, 0.21013822872442023, 0.06618254141686784, 0.07509635525107164, 0.08163701931780745, 0.2223000620023638, 0.14053512700603052, 0.01577095201073755, -0.24479712685820476, 0.07429531517298392, -0.003961220145962822] |
708.1778 | Pressure-Tuned Spin and Charge Ordering in an Itinerant Antiferromagnet | Elemental chromium orders antiferromagnetically near room temperature, but
the ordering temperature can be driven to zero by applying large pressures. We
combine diamond anvil cell and synchrotron x-ray diffraction techniques to
measure directly the spin and charge order in the pure metal at the approach to
its quantum critical point. Both spin and charge order are suppressed
exponentially with pressure, well beyond the region where disorder cuts off
such a simple evolution, and they maintain a harmonic scaling relationship over
decades in scattering intensity. By comparing the development of the order
parameter with that of the magnetic wavevector, it is possible to ascribe the
destruction of antiferromagnetism to the growth in electron kinetic energy
relative to the underlying magnetic exchange interaction.
| cond-mat.str-el | elemental chromium orders antiferromagnetically near room temperature but the ordering temperature can be driven to zero by applying large pressures we combine diamond anvil cell and synchrotron xray diffraction techniques to measure directly the spin and charge order in the pure metal at the approach to its quantum critical point both spin and charge order are suppressed exponentially with pressure well beyond the region where disorder cuts off such a simple evolution and they maintain a harmonic scaling relationship over decades in scattering intensity by comparing the development of the order parameter with that of the magnetic wavevector it is possible to ascribe the destruction of antiferromagnetism to the growth in electron kinetic energy relative to the underlying magnetic exchange interaction | [['elemental', 'chromium', 'orders', 'antiferromagnetically', 'near', 'room', 'temperature', 'but', 'the', 'ordering', 'temperature', 'can', 'be', 'driven', 'to', 'zero', 'by', 'applying', 'large', 'pressures', 'we', 'combine', 'diamond', 'anvil', 'cell', 'and', 'synchrotron', 'xray', 'diffraction', 'techniques', 'to', 'measure', 'directly', 'the', 'spin', 'and', 'charge', 'order', 'in', 'the', 'pure', 'metal', 'at', 'the', 'approach', 'to', 'its', 'quantum', 'critical', 'point', 'both', 'spin', 'and', 'charge', 'order', 'are', 'suppressed', 'exponentially', 'with', 'pressure', 'well', 'beyond', 'the', 'region', 'where', 'disorder', 'cuts', 'off', 'such', 'a', 'simple', 'evolution', 'and', 'they', 'maintain', 'a', 'harmonic', 'scaling', 'relationship', 'over', 'decades', 'in', 'scattering', 'intensity', 'by', 'comparing', 'the', 'development', 'of', 'the', 'order', 'parameter', 'with', 'that', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'wavevector', 'it', 'is', 'possible', 'to', 'ascribe', 'the', 'destruction', 'of', 'antiferromagnetism', 'to', 'the', 'growth', 'in', 'electron', 'kinetic', 'energy', 'relative', 'to', 'the', 'underlying', 'magnetic', 'exchange', 'interaction']] | [-0.09303405669071396, 0.25038626388077095, -0.030121350075957204, 0.038344558752680676, -0.03173998124851299, -0.09272024530748074, 0.09978080859931171, 0.4113391960416882, -0.31709532686778585, -0.3002613382875796, 0.04648654640571422, -0.34143465782000015, -0.05302704693672578, 0.1477182767669524, 0.0727963379778118, 0.014206240784419193, -0.0926751450496949, 0.013090147205805484, -0.08872336446459612, -0.23226624995677864, 0.29380340848795394, 0.08375085296767402, 0.31199515550320367, 0.10678629212904998, 0.06160061294405359, -0.0056310005713069485, 0.07260680088988883, 0.05635589092569657, -0.13281791999173392, 0.036347263738944015, 0.2607614678395181, -0.04371864136216069, 0.1856426901742287, -0.4315663796256889, -0.20838694594615748, 0.04680656639797505, 0.1249116010432832, 0.12556255654978357, -0.0414310750842079, -0.21040917544294735, 0.04748099255529502, -0.15715343814558727, -0.17218489045169483, -0.11821123125793581, -0.033899455623747396, 0.003300149399259951, -0.27221183631230483, 0.1026783525820606, 0.06605944148591221, 0.0724367304081636, -0.0947299907224499, -0.06771336756415727, -0.07119709137665524, 0.06092862340367653, 0.07005526607784958, 0.09071336492264936, 0.19599196485297615, -0.10598036198884495, -0.11633693932147682, 0.3472224465371225, -0.041366224922817045, -0.07582614034431609, 0.20569834091569766, -0.253849969468703, -0.034389944713897544, 0.20175873785287388, 0.1173330900444041, 0.06613039440852551, -0.14109145154914826, 0.07299789378788969, 0.07824213344080388, 0.1814598052905322, 0.09783206424052435, 0.0365052343315391, 0.25431739298765327, 0.19391712533456296, 0.06477347503547087, 0.1069397536319996, -0.1345958571403849, -0.08728813427386897, -0.2083426209682337, -0.13198319179090587, -0.17720559066400116, 0.0672104427598663, -0.10432200315013944, -0.16546226927263985, 0.357736097152291, 0.17747302636627324, 0.18512082745682848, -0.05831166054314572, 0.29943868696443304, 0.14237475964964236, 0.09261963847343432, 0.048768186322144, 0.23820274195745433, 0.20142789949732257, 0.13110970425484933, -0.3082493892861222, 0.06321522661230781, 0.009577967950012072] |
708.1779 | Twisted Poincar\'e Invariant Quantum Field Theories | It is by now well known that the Poincar\'e group acts on the Moyal plane
with a twisted coproduct. Poincar\'e invariant classical field theories can be
formulated for this twisted coproduct. In this paper we systematically study
such a twisted Poincar\'e action in quantum theories on the Moyal plane. We
develop quantum field theories invariant under the twisted action from the
representations of the Poincar\'e group, ensuring also the invariance of the
S-matrix under the twisted action of the group . A significant new contribution
here is the construction of the Poincar\'e generators using quantum fields.
| hep-th math-ph math.MP math.QA | it is by now well known that the poincare group acts on the moyal plane with a twisted coproduct poincare invariant classical field theories can be formulated for this twisted coproduct in this paper we systematically study such a twisted poincare action in quantum theories on the moyal plane we develop quantum field theories invariant under the twisted action from the representations of the poincare group ensuring also the invariance of the smatrix under the twisted action of the group a significant new contribution here is the construction of the poincare generators using quantum fields | [['it', 'is', 'by', 'now', 'well', 'known', 'that', 'the', 'poincare', 'group', 'acts', 'on', 'the', 'moyal', 'plane', 'with', 'a', 'twisted', 'coproduct', 'poincare', 'invariant', 'classical', 'field', 'theories', 'can', 'be', 'formulated', 'for', 'this', 'twisted', 'coproduct', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'systematically', 'study', 'such', 'a', 'twisted', 'poincare', 'action', 'in', 'quantum', 'theories', 'on', 'the', 'moyal', 'plane', 'we', 'develop', 'quantum', 'field', 'theories', 'invariant', 'under', 'the', 'twisted', 'action', 'from', 'the', 'representations', 'of', 'the', 'poincare', 'group', 'ensuring', 'also', 'the', 'invariance', 'of', 'the', 'smatrix', 'under', 'the', 'twisted', 'action', 'of', 'the', 'group', 'a', 'significant', 'new', 'contribution', 'here', 'is', 'the', 'construction', 'of', 'the', 'poincare', 'generators', 'using', 'quantum', 'fields']] | [-0.18930908029800966, 0.17782466939993594, -0.15066322188236211, 0.07400299044031845, -0.09427633809023782, -0.06782104295041216, -0.026352812081428343, 0.3342415447297849, -0.29905658403509544, -0.21778759456386693, 0.10458232087303737, -0.1735897467716744, -0.22277709473120538, 0.1773374178226253, -0.11665309138203922, 0.03470799011227332, 0.00544787207128186, 0.125501358763952, -0.14123123595736137, -0.2539609248896963, 0.39591475100697654, 0.054746461126610246, 0.30068916374033217, 0.006582606112045285, 0.09613936459155459, 0.06328820028881493, -0.004413126619826806, -0.02050509050390438, -0.10899519624079786, 0.14160948813353713, 0.1742313122450325, 0.024107007358811404, 0.11911655787721669, -0.41058159764660035, -0.15763251948825965, 0.056467480135248285, 0.10642258499405886, 0.07018643576455744, -0.05392365133340814, -0.3408114961887661, 0.032353752346611336, -0.20970443166106156, -0.15201800583714717, -0.0739507303671225, -0.003619923518578473, -0.08130510687386912, -0.20551873277382632, 0.03214707525514409, 0.026585581058048105, 0.13137415869063454, -0.06079587713864289, 0.00790766488368574, -0.044985323980156526, 0.12496637871586963, 0.04184643608076792, 0.10374278678362699, 0.15067080646679787, -0.14029900712010107, -0.17037505350614848, 0.4247556363477519, -0.07260673779406046, -0.27483877480814334, 0.11748791474505867, -0.18495699564779275, -0.2247823051471067, 0.048829039553866575, 0.09026315965150532, 0.1741375015460347, -0.08963125920609424, 0.22376878561550065, -0.1411453294028577, 0.06024262651580533, 0.0726613643530168, 0.01057289216030193, 0.20491345213039924, 0.022146907595819547, 0.07405968910377277, 0.16244484680631247, 0.0031230426981653037, -0.14030221269318932, -0.41903028315619417, -0.22076041238952282, -0.08567545646311421, 0.16119572916068137, -0.08641364056813089, -0.16409451037057135, 0.41889125843973535, 0.10134497215959097, 0.1184050197811111, 0.04316313572620091, 0.21536981255600327, 0.1634095794956298, 0.16623110356985737, 0.04698179812219582, 0.20981258999948438, 0.21733703769400323, -0.01075219146319126, -0.18085538263212106, -0.10297367458084697, 0.22451975142191116] |
708.178 | Two-particle scattering on the lattice: Phase shifts, spin-orbit
coupling, and mixing angles | We determine two-particle scattering phase shifts and mixing angles for
quantum theories defined with lattice regularization. The method is suitable
for any nonrelativistic effective theory of point particles on the lattice. In
the center-of-mass frame of the two-particle system we impose a hard spherical
wall at some fixed large radius. For channels without partial-wave mixing the
partial-wave phase shifts are determined from the energies of the
nearly-spherical standing waves. For channels with partial-wave mixing further
information is extracted by decomposing the standing wave at the wall boundary
into spherical harmonics, and we solve coupled-channels equations to extract
the phase shifts and mixing angles. The method is illustrated and tested by
computing phase shifts and mixing angles on the lattice for spin-1/2 particles
with an attractive Gaussian potential containing both central and tensor force
parts.
| nucl-th hep-lat physics.atom-ph | we determine twoparticle scattering phase shifts and mixing angles for quantum theories defined with lattice regularization the method is suitable for any nonrelativistic effective theory of point particles on the lattice in the centerofmass frame of the twoparticle system we impose a hard spherical wall at some fixed large radius for channels without partialwave mixing the partialwave phase shifts are determined from the energies of the nearlyspherical standing waves for channels with partialwave mixing further information is extracted by decomposing the standing wave at the wall boundary into spherical harmonics and we solve coupledchannels equations to extract the phase shifts and mixing angles the method is illustrated and tested by computing phase shifts and mixing angles on the lattice for spin12 particles with an attractive gaussian potential containing both central and tensor force parts | [['we', 'determine', 'twoparticle', 'scattering', 'phase', 'shifts', 'and', 'mixing', 'angles', 'for', 'quantum', 'theories', 'defined', 'with', 'lattice', 'regularization', 'the', 'method', 'is', 'suitable', 'for', 'any', 'nonrelativistic', 'effective', 'theory', 'of', 'point', 'particles', 'on', 'the', 'lattice', 'in', 'the', 'centerofmass', 'frame', 'of', 'the', 'twoparticle', 'system', 'we', 'impose', 'a', 'hard', 'spherical', 'wall', 'at', 'some', 'fixed', 'large', 'radius', 'for', 'channels', 'without', 'partialwave', 'mixing', 'the', 'partialwave', 'phase', 'shifts', 'are', 'determined', 'from', 'the', 'energies', 'of', 'the', 'nearlyspherical', 'standing', 'waves', 'for', 'channels', 'with', 'partialwave', 'mixing', 'further', 'information', 'is', 'extracted', 'by', 'decomposing', 'the', 'standing', 'wave', 'at', 'the', 'wall', 'boundary', 'into', 'spherical', 'harmonics', 'and', 'we', 'solve', 'coupledchannels', 'equations', 'to', 'extract', 'the', 'phase', 'shifts', 'and', 'mixing', 'angles', 'the', 'method', 'is', 'illustrated', 'and', 'tested', 'by', 'computing', 'phase', 'shifts', 'and', 'mixing', 'angles', 'on', 'the', 'lattice', 'for', 'spin12', 'particles', 'with', 'an', 'attractive', 'gaussian', 'potential', 'containing', 'both', 'central', 'and', 'tensor', 'force', 'parts']] | [-0.14589977968108855, 0.26125721401048896, -0.0874018822879176, 0.03541258944167214, -0.030151982802147075, -0.13198212118221642, 0.021203470990624723, 0.37871372894342265, -0.26069934874314316, -0.21972047489435315, 0.04714403909530296, -0.2909334254339893, -0.06434869062009532, 0.13345793616582655, 0.08305922796195651, 0.10019558446860607, 0.0821970764325181, 0.00985344541224359, -0.10829156791485513, -0.1125767089204112, 0.3552179831087089, 0.01683807313188549, 0.24004375240974016, 0.0997171638700277, 0.09133975624120724, 0.08322655871934466, -0.005225914627758425, -0.014230077196635417, -0.13632169557707524, 0.07175474118357941, 0.1951937706821334, 0.01512569539360146, 0.11128177065680277, -0.4293652168516792, -0.22083303601995333, 0.06402266532905511, 0.1485590216001746, 0.1540562939819699, -0.030342097910218385, -0.3380878502676792, 0.0025035530405202464, -0.13808955590470012, -0.1665883891409569, -0.09252571027878839, 0.02059850335093354, -0.027986435664456282, -0.30348379933622793, 0.09328041300798745, -0.012324042826779742, 0.06755423137862514, -0.052565066800661274, -0.1620952358439829, -0.007742858762894549, 0.1100772785773473, 0.04559193322532324, 0.02809213807740346, 0.10840496510864972, -0.11709588056485822, -0.06508399847566511, 0.4357220434597624, -0.0373437699632469, -0.24048649921119317, 0.14579968969337642, -0.1446940473023691, -0.06432224236734545, 0.18822086435645374, 0.18252957421493954, 0.08160784265891746, -0.13500228255931565, 0.08313109772019227, -0.012493314045901, 0.1610239024663695, 0.14700289122384988, -0.011806443288449698, 0.19961661866296138, 0.11388091173078586, 0.04620865927036129, 0.12010756146802164, -0.1270130465394442, -0.13178893129442082, -0.32469931376468975, -0.08141475253557759, -0.1922689730800174, -0.025686674669351074, -0.1185940968651592, -0.1344284419658413, 0.3696258815019322, 0.08465947038142198, 0.19195986516580835, 0.04023820457375372, 0.29271086102434946, 0.15445230054015766, 0.06789070111221578, 0.05366794007427212, 0.2704380834208013, 0.19413243180293757, 0.08059140214515823, -0.26434676416405933, -0.037158651291323244, 0.11081819381537054] |
708.1781 | Effects of pyruvate administration on infarct volume and neurological
deficits following permanent focal cerebral ischemia in rats | Recent experimental evidences indicate that pyruvate, the final metabolite of
glycolysis, has a remarkable protective effect against different types of brain
injury. The purpose of this study was to assess the neuroprotective effect and
the neurological outcome after pyruvate administration in a model of ischemic
stroke induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in rats.
Three doses of pyruvate (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle were
administered intraperitoneally 30 min after pMCAO. In other set of experiments,
pyruvate was given either before, immediately after ischemia or in a long-term
administration paradigm. Functional outcome, mortality and infarct volume were
determined 24 h after stroke. Even when the lowest doses of pyruvate reduced
mortality and neurological deficits, no concomitant reduction in infarct volume
was observed. The highest dose of pyruvate increased cortical infarction by 27%
when administered 30 min after pMCAO. In addition, when pyruvate was given
before pMCAO, a significant increase in neurological deficits was noticed.
Surprisingly, on the contrary of what was found in the case of transient global
ischemia, present findings do not support a great neuroprotective role for
pyruvate in permanent focal cerebral ischemia, suggesting two distinct
mechanisms involved in the effects of this glycolytic metabolite in the
ischemic brain.
| q-bio.TO | recent experimental evidences indicate that pyruvate the final metabolite of glycolysis has a remarkable protective effect against different types of brain injury the purpose of this study was to assess the neuroprotective effect and the neurological outcome after pyruvate administration in a model of ischemic stroke induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion pmcao in rats three doses of pyruvate 250 500 and 1000 mgkg ip or vehicle were administered intraperitoneally 30 min after pmcao in other set of experiments pyruvate was given either before immediately after ischemia or in a longterm administration paradigm functional outcome mortality and infarct volume were determined 24 h after stroke even when the lowest doses of pyruvate reduced mortality and neurological deficits no concomitant reduction in infarct volume was observed the highest dose of pyruvate increased cortical infarction by 27 when administered 30 min after pmcao in addition when pyruvate was given before pmcao a significant increase in neurological deficits was noticed surprisingly on the contrary of what was found in the case of transient global ischemia present findings do not support a great neuroprotective role for pyruvate in permanent focal cerebral ischemia suggesting two distinct mechanisms involved in the effects of this glycolytic metabolite in the ischemic brain | [['recent', 'experimental', 'evidences', 'indicate', 'that', 'pyruvate', 'the', 'final', 'metabolite', 'of', 'glycolysis', 'has', 'a', 'remarkable', 'protective', 'effect', 'against', 'different', 'types', 'of', 'brain', 'injury', 'the', 'purpose', 'of', 'this', 'study', 'was', 'to', 'assess', 'the', 'neuroprotective', 'effect', 'and', 'the', 'neurological', 'outcome', 'after', 'pyruvate', 'administration', 'in', 'a', 'model', 'of', 'ischemic', 'stroke', 'induced', 'by', 'permanent', 'middle', 'cerebral', 'artery', 'occlusion', 'pmcao', 'in', 'rats', 'three', 'doses', 'of', 'pyruvate', '250', '500', 'and', '1000', 'mgkg', 'ip', 'or', 'vehicle', 'were', 'administered', 'intraperitoneally', '30', 'min', 'after', 'pmcao', 'in', 'other', 'set', 'of', 'experiments', 'pyruvate', 'was', 'given', 'either', 'before', 'immediately', 'after', 'ischemia', 'or', 'in', 'a', 'longterm', 'administration', 'paradigm', 'functional', 'outcome', 'mortality', 'and', 'infarct', 'volume', 'were', 'determined', '24', 'h', 'after', 'stroke', 'even', 'when', 'the', 'lowest', 'doses', 'of', 'pyruvate', 'reduced', 'mortality', 'and', 'neurological', 'deficits', 'no', 'concomitant', 'reduction', 'in', 'infarct', 'volume', 'was', 'observed', 'the', 'highest', 'dose', 'of', 'pyruvate', 'increased', 'cortical', 'infarction', 'by', '27', 'when', 'administered', '30', 'min', 'after', 'pmcao', 'in', 'addition', 'when', 'pyruvate', 'was', 'given', 'before', 'pmcao', 'a', 'significant', 'increase', 'in', 'neurological', 'deficits', 'was', 'noticed', 'surprisingly', 'on', 'the', 'contrary', 'of', 'what', 'was', 'found', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'transient', 'global', 'ischemia', 'present', 'findings', 'do', 'not', 'support', 'a', 'great', 'neuroprotective', 'role', 'for', 'pyruvate', 'in', 'permanent', 'focal', 'cerebral', 'ischemia', 'suggesting', 'two', 'distinct', 'mechanisms', 'involved', 'in', 'the', 'effects', 'of', 'this', 'glycolytic', 'metabolite', 'in', 'the', 'ischemic', 'brain']] | [-0.04297750138714179, 0.16618259336032412, 0.006931492223349565, 0.05931580084599737, 0.041339034541035255, -0.1458618399235146, 0.08980239710716904, 0.38342307151897864, -0.14259876353853365, -0.3149420499502608, 0.12379625905761678, -0.2966969700658, -0.2030396744992365, 0.17399640593223512, -0.1799477502853751, -0.013597377468649224, 0.08393745784483411, 0.03720114979374807, 0.04131985904521072, -0.27181647991642865, 0.17953660796104254, 0.08751245962076948, 0.29271347879651277, 0.09489420820175962, 0.06685340156214878, -0.018000614989147175, -0.02033051256976072, -0.014002262479990866, -0.09339402147099249, 0.03960126586367979, 0.3057086656929231, 0.15386173307813486, 0.3841089337297222, -0.5013244067702223, -0.2307393921484404, 0.11369920053802357, 0.06556477257411233, 0.05225051402607385, -0.013895176718577597, -0.26704689183194813, 0.09081460013083986, -0.173315384575878, -0.07623464529466469, 0.03612335598411258, 0.08130683391223725, -0.039376500910364876, -0.2413932822499762, 0.17684876566008648, -0.012260530372241549, 0.22424961032126756, -0.15289482294454002, -0.13579664062069474, -0.0735660306173468, 0.14410935708092795, 0.09608968912210662, 0.07655002283475672, 0.2351715046417096, -0.15182836847973294, -0.11558239487474602, 0.27796366701231284, 0.018878953795030934, -0.05920418931040616, 0.1415808944684435, -0.16725247361989437, -0.10318293998488133, 0.2273990003935372, 0.11963654137170855, 0.021814200404275886, -0.1744164439994932, -0.08996245586290481, 0.06292237156965569, 0.17430839927150302, 0.1563378503881669, -0.1266317450431148, 0.1266519576082846, 0.19263850695193363, -0.05291038864707647, 0.1320580181961893, -0.1656590029908294, 0.006927935630836359, -0.19636174836127526, -0.15363816015294515, -0.021686050606042367, 0.05749986937685297, -0.05425263009480356, -0.09676289131326199, 0.40915572057094646, 0.07623496916893796, 0.1269282211832629, -0.02229261528997335, 0.2073090972390834, -0.01098484618356166, 0.11707976507479508, -0.022676092557672996, 0.22444268820211566, 0.03377898846405978, 0.11034820527614404, -0.270207462718199, 0.22264063237611587, -0.02679984935093671] |
708.1782 | Ruthenium and hafnium abundances in giant and dwarf barium stars | We present abundances for Ru and Hf, compare them to abundances of other
heavy elements, and discuss the problems found in determining Ru and Hf
abundances with laboratory gf-values in the spectra of barium stars. We
determined Ru and Hf abundances in a sample of giant and dwarf barium stars, by
the spectral synthesis of two RuI (4080.574A and 4757.856A) and two HfII
(4080.437A and 4093.155A) transitions. The stellar spectra were observed with
FEROS/ESO, and the stellar atmospheric parameters lie in the range 4300 <
Teff/K < 6500, -1.2 < [Fe/H] <= 0 and 1.4 <= log g < 4.6. The HfII 4080A and
the RuI 4758A observed transitions result in a unreasonably high solar
abundance, given certain known uncertainties, when fitted with laboratory
gf-values. For these two transitions we determined empirical gf-values by
fitting the observed line profiles of the spectra of the Sun and Arcturus. For
the sample stars, this procedure resulted in a good agreement of Ru and Hf
abundances given by the two available lines. The resulting Ru and Hf abundances
were compared to those of Y, Nd, Sm and Eu. In the solar system Ru, Sm and Eu
are dominated by the r-process and Hf, Nd and Y by the s-process, and all of
these elements are enhanced in barium stars since they lie inside the s-process
path. Ru abundances show large scatter when compared to other heavy elements,
whereas Hf abundances show less scatter and closely follow the abundances of Sm
and Nd, in good agreement with theoretical expectations. We also suggest a
possible, unexpected, correlation of Ru and Sm abundances. The observed
behaviour in abundances is probably due to variations in the 13C pocket
efficiency in AGB stars, and, though masked by high uncertainties, hint at a
more complex scenario than proposed by theory.
| astro-ph | we present abundances for ru and hf compare them to abundances of other heavy elements and discuss the problems found in determining ru and hf abundances with laboratory gfvalues in the spectra of barium stars we determined ru and hf abundances in a sample of giant and dwarf barium stars by the spectral synthesis of two rui 4080574a and 4757856a and two hfii 4080437a and 4093155a transitions the stellar spectra were observed with feroseso and the stellar atmospheric parameters lie in the range 4300 teffk 6500 12 feh 0 and 14 log g 46 the hfii 4080a and the rui 4758a observed transitions result in a unreasonably high solar abundance given certain known uncertainties when fitted with laboratory gfvalues for these two transitions we determined empirical gfvalues by fitting the observed line profiles of the spectra of the sun and arcturus for the sample stars this procedure resulted in a good agreement of ru and hf abundances given by the two available lines the resulting ru and hf abundances were compared to those of y nd sm and eu in the solar system ru sm and eu are dominated by the rprocess and hf nd and y by the sprocess and all of these elements are enhanced in barium stars since they lie inside the sprocess path ru abundances show large scatter when compared to other heavy elements whereas hf abundances show less scatter and closely follow the abundances of sm and nd in good agreement with theoretical expectations we also suggest a possible unexpected correlation of ru and sm abundances the observed behaviour in abundances is probably due to variations in the 13c pocket efficiency in agb stars and though masked by high uncertainties hint at a more complex scenario than proposed by theory | [['we', 'present', 'abundances', 'for', 'ru', 'and', 'hf', 'compare', 'them', 'to', 'abundances', 'of', 'other', 'heavy', 'elements', 'and', 'discuss', 'the', 'problems', 'found', 'in', 'determining', 'ru', 'and', 'hf', 'abundances', 'with', 'laboratory', 'gfvalues', 'in', 'the', 'spectra', 'of', 'barium', 'stars', 'we', 'determined', 'ru', 'and', 'hf', 'abundances', 'in', 'a', 'sample', 'of', 'giant', 'and', 'dwarf', 'barium', 'stars', 'by', 'the', 'spectral', 'synthesis', 'of', 'two', 'rui', '4080574a', 'and', '4757856a', 'and', 'two', 'hfii', '4080437a', 'and', '4093155a', 'transitions', 'the', 'stellar', 'spectra', 'were', 'observed', 'with', 'feroseso', 'and', 'the', 'stellar', 'atmospheric', 'parameters', 'lie', 'in', 'the', 'range', '4300', 'teffk', '6500', '12', 'feh', '0', 'and', '14', 'log', 'g', '46', 'the', 'hfii', '4080a', 'and', 'the', 'rui', '4758a', 'observed', 'transitions', 'result', 'in', 'a', 'unreasonably', 'high', 'solar', 'abundance', 'given', 'certain', 'known', 'uncertainties', 'when', 'fitted', 'with', 'laboratory', 'gfvalues', 'for', 'these', 'two', 'transitions', 'we', 'determined', 'empirical', 'gfvalues', 'by', 'fitting', 'the', 'observed', 'line', 'profiles', 'of', 'the', 'spectra', 'of', 'the', 'sun', 'and', 'arcturus', 'for', 'the', 'sample', 'stars', 'this', 'procedure', 'resulted', 'in', 'a', 'good', 'agreement', 'of', 'ru', 'and', 'hf', 'abundances', 'given', 'by', 'the', 'two', 'available', 'lines', 'the', 'resulting', 'ru', 'and', 'hf', 'abundances', 'were', 'compared', 'to', 'those', 'of', 'y', 'nd', 'sm', 'and', 'eu', 'in', 'the', 'solar', 'system', 'ru', 'sm', 'and', 'eu', 'are', 'dominated', 'by', 'the', 'rprocess', 'and', 'hf', 'nd', 'and', 'y', 'by', 'the', 'sprocess', 'and', 'all', 'of', 'these', 'elements', 'are', 'enhanced', 'in', 'barium', 'stars', 'since', 'they', 'lie', 'inside', 'the', 'sprocess', 'path', 'ru', 'abundances', 'show', 'large', 'scatter', 'when', 'compared', 'to', 'other', 'heavy', 'elements', 'whereas', 'hf', 'abundances', 'show', 'less', 'scatter', 'and', 'closely', 'follow', 'the', 'abundances', 'of', 'sm', 'and', 'nd', 'in', 'good', 'agreement', 'with', 'theoretical', 'expectations', 'we', 'also', 'suggest', 'a', 'possible', 'unexpected', 'correlation', 'of', 'ru', 'and', 'sm', 'abundances', 'the', 'observed', 'behaviour', 'in', 'abundances', 'is', 'probably', 'due', 'to', 'variations', 'in', 'the', '13c', 'pocket', 'efficiency', 'in', 'agb', 'stars', 'and', 'though', 'masked', 'by', 'high', 'uncertainties', 'hint', 'at', 'a', 'more', 'complex', 'scenario', 'than', 'proposed', 'by', 'theory']] | [-0.0030925508486433773, 0.16217430507960287, 0.038029024316806735, 0.09705181272471683, 0.022556640140369143, -0.11144796700069778, 0.10984869984983417, 0.4129037434398605, -0.17896130173058625, -0.39638545562496835, -0.03574452871750844, -0.3717943810318646, -0.0069208083020751935, 0.15020140455382175, -0.045570344124969686, -0.00700475191166461, 0.06609099041638648, -0.026616262822624363, -0.09702374352072773, -0.25484250838655914, 0.2707229690283145, 0.04487919261900651, 0.17986700397491323, -0.054740965547726346, -0.035194417594098734, -0.1331446966164533, -0.0298988075747171, -0.008831367754426441, -0.11096342347823737, 0.09077089743345584, 0.2731711760171477, 0.09776758640890189, 0.10772910493736466, -0.3603082567810289, -0.18233853222704247, 0.01270887694901607, 0.16734535916986173, 0.048319946300124, -0.12597614667044438, -0.24115912316922555, 0.07196497369716924, -0.1282930251112894, -0.14715102857158502, 0.009999988801581296, 0.028032887475401686, 0.042374618057357635, -0.2839583081895845, 0.060428267571433825, 0.0400268287610328, 0.16838883830626544, -0.09773905938981395, -0.2457896739910275, -0.11418267298293741, 0.0709958233308913, 0.06289719716939879, 0.007588807216502334, 0.11161950656065815, -0.0375860658547792, 0.0063650200210854805, 0.4405264892729751, -0.15264356354146322, -0.0050365692304790415, 0.20164834762220843, -0.2383246902564312, -0.19015901456627865, 0.13017984551067155, 0.09063041510832447, 0.14067737634881938, -0.1621104705773433, 0.08423081235898855, 0.026003424932755398, 0.1870598902827815, 0.05486847232994542, 0.04432811788237335, 0.20675866009022636, 0.10003464426191752, -0.032866688895758174, -0.018157870698875436, -0.17849140874970001, -0.03087182302669246, -0.2032237676119334, -0.15985627586528528, -0.07320394462603552, 0.0170627890938991, -0.13329072289966382, -0.11842232823306531, 0.34277896329172347, 0.10893536370917502, 0.24827813354827333, -0.03165191765874624, 0.24461902802189192, 0.08753449838412436, 0.0542383032091158, 0.08592939685474624, 0.2845458895883016, 0.22351900635842692, 0.09697536014984444, -0.3083911370371648, 0.14207990852004865, 0.03071178188874272] |
708.1783 | Constraints on the value of the fine structure constant from
gravitational thermodynamics | In this paper I show how the second law of thermodynamics, generalized to
include event horizon area, places interesting constraints on the value of the
fine structure constant. A simple analysis leads to the conclusion that
classical Dirac and point-like magnetic monopoles could be used to violate the
second law, and that GUT monopoles are inconsistent with minicharged particles.
| gr-qc | in this paper i show how the second law of thermodynamics generalized to include event horizon area places interesting constraints on the value of the fine structure constant a simple analysis leads to the conclusion that classical dirac and pointlike magnetic monopoles could be used to violate the second law and that gut monopoles are inconsistent with minicharged particles | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'i', 'show', 'how', 'the', 'second', 'law', 'of', 'thermodynamics', 'generalized', 'to', 'include', 'event', 'horizon', 'area', 'places', 'interesting', 'constraints', 'on', 'the', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'fine', 'structure', 'constant', 'a', 'simple', 'analysis', 'leads', 'to', 'the', 'conclusion', 'that', 'classical', 'dirac', 'and', 'pointlike', 'magnetic', 'monopoles', 'could', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'violate', 'the', 'second', 'law', 'and', 'that', 'gut', 'monopoles', 'are', 'inconsistent', 'with', 'minicharged', 'particles']] | [-0.11206553375715453, 0.16387382479605533, -0.10794333161754628, 0.14280962307692774, -0.1686742819403693, -0.15188220401405025, 0.05187613062039649, 0.29726844997603, -0.22175845978939432, -0.35792919999714623, 0.0754204670488203, -0.28203562509773644, -0.11177862864934791, 0.145662371574317, -0.08458350873473337, -6.293830603866254e-06, -0.009671107047016464, 0.058742371427242535, -0.012165525872891738, -0.21811359466085115, 0.33738784810086175, 0.09253590707706635, 0.26771153450225305, 0.07591573788263535, 0.07527523185521112, -0.04770469444930175, 0.025927160661351884, 0.07278307700940108, -0.11050455681945126, 0.11672259731439211, 0.1678326728633384, 0.06357451752459599, 0.14863397772581774, -0.447409476579751, -0.20090997454284107, 0.11816855437927327, 0.12895364412974755, 0.08711783248305684, -0.05053405420483737, -0.2693745936188152, 0.07526126956188325, -0.15330956845694238, -0.1797399146292927, -0.08126072385111603, -0.00996909303180242, -0.009112639036976684, -0.22834369601480567, 0.1378451160202592, 0.08171410789965826, -0.019874789562644594, -0.0753835585141965, -0.06933090318846753, 0.010260044139320567, 0.08259285523919231, 0.13682778537967952, -0.0228956077737197, 0.16719235969170676, -0.09894383554662561, -0.12939128080793358, 0.4109380163757478, -0.0501084462344899, -0.15439187376996724, 0.1537927331292402, -0.17860178003813756, -0.19590165551309868, 0.0928609713406886, 0.16326952318392568, 0.09298212971993114, -0.15232848125150805, 0.11404937478690014, -0.03807938031228733, 0.1844809822801311, 0.0484124394133687, -0.0015328559014251677, 0.3005912555223804, 0.09413979038343591, 0.07984621170118957, 0.10826548322901067, -0.06248116414694084, -0.1269902830225242, -0.41143035838159464, -0.15958181195655616, -0.17667121342304398, 0.07801182470402791, -0.09877466881535236, -0.1542580878772473, 0.31733678064656334, 0.1750054683060764, 0.19873910727200367, 0.027585354965117017, 0.20850922044177175, 0.11653279413674343, 0.07848888607616773, 0.04727633276922723, 0.29318292536851714, 0.10865157217545024, 0.15787669704532473, -0.19741555600983518, -0.03265521250728328, 0.08975230657763905] |
708.1784 | The Higgs portal and an unified model for dark energy and dark matter | We examine a scenario where the Higgs boson is coupled to an additional
singlet scalar field which we identify with a quintessence field. We show that
this results in an unified picture of dark matter and dark energy, where dark
energy is the zero-mode classical field rolling the usual quintessence
potential and the dark matter candidate is the quantum excitation (particle) of
the field, which is produced in the universe due to its coupling to the Higgs
boson.
| hep-ph astro-ph | we examine a scenario where the higgs boson is coupled to an additional singlet scalar field which we identify with a quintessence field we show that this results in an unified picture of dark matter and dark energy where dark energy is the zeromode classical field rolling the usual quintessence potential and the dark matter candidate is the quantum excitation particle of the field which is produced in the universe due to its coupling to the higgs boson | [['we', 'examine', 'a', 'scenario', 'where', 'the', 'higgs', 'boson', 'is', 'coupled', 'to', 'an', 'additional', 'singlet', 'scalar', 'field', 'which', 'we', 'identify', 'with', 'a', 'quintessence', 'field', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'this', 'results', 'in', 'an', 'unified', 'picture', 'of', 'dark', 'matter', 'and', 'dark', 'energy', 'where', 'dark', 'energy', 'is', 'the', 'zeromode', 'classical', 'field', 'rolling', 'the', 'usual', 'quintessence', 'potential', 'and', 'the', 'dark', 'matter', 'candidate', 'is', 'the', 'quantum', 'excitation', 'particle', 'of', 'the', 'field', 'which', 'is', 'produced', 'in', 'the', 'universe', 'due', 'to', 'its', 'coupling', 'to', 'the', 'higgs', 'boson']] | [-0.14724308187858418, 0.20710363810716304, -0.13172241721230632, 0.1380535108380569, -0.12573577851677933, -0.15230804293726882, -0.052396042908255294, 0.2860671886577247, -0.22555793372269434, -0.32580360123075736, -0.03542736206257429, -0.2185160696076659, -0.04817326276157147, 0.10201168541038313, 0.03228317798139193, -0.023002898106381345, -0.03241495160947148, 0.10348801107074206, 0.04063109358927856, -0.28892277070703226, 0.3651396663716206, 0.04536081110694422, 0.19387162380362263, 0.06332950370881754, 0.08966045956819868, -0.002398686632752801, 0.039001677149476915, -0.07102136378391431, -0.17246172440177476, 0.05410787447666129, 0.1423842727732009, 0.05960011504327831, 0.21572612064818925, -0.37426464956922406, -0.21249077101357472, 0.21785574158032736, 0.15508331316045654, 0.15141309184046128, -0.13465706125283852, -0.335831866456339, 0.06177676301927139, -0.20149397410046405, -0.10165871026663062, -0.04024752443178724, -0.0785294044106148, -0.07181906670284195, -0.30725886364682364, 0.106178638823808, -0.054121197203550346, -0.06535572235066539, -0.0978160509496378, -0.053197387546205364, -0.04071764905865376, -0.06647842197278993, 0.17779690806921095, 0.07008821693344568, 0.21543412641860926, -0.3064738208672796, -0.1045271178173164, 0.4193499057720869, -0.1699488350393203, -0.1533106096351567, 0.1717193889288375, -0.11413924849162307, -0.08393330750419782, 0.1082449692946214, 0.1004116070838884, 0.05732472562708725, -0.1501321853019106, 0.20568860214925969, -0.022756815685007054, 0.1829374498472764, -0.012322788532727804, 0.047114251306853615, 0.35530755224709326, 0.157719710507454, 0.036331994351572715, 0.10017984295084786, -0.09098485624865414, -0.15926161754685333, -0.39675764106691647, -0.25056373209764177, -0.14417712533703217, 0.037363648103424706, -0.07316343773728033, -0.15738356411934662, 0.4326318601289621, 0.11465341716225688, 0.1840708373974149, -0.04816639557994234, 0.31195188316110617, 0.13098453239609414, 0.03999382202238895, 0.045839585829526186, 0.3573182826766219, 0.16805400365056136, 0.11942787165156542, -0.24775617006115425, -0.1612916086704876, -0.01976604757902141] |
708.1785 | Electroweak phase transition in MSSM with $U(1)'$ in explicit CP
violation scenario | The possibility of a strongly first-order electroweak phase transition is
established in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with an extra $U(1)'$,
where a nontrivial CP violating phase is introduced in its Higgs sector. We
find that there is a wide region in the parameter space of the model that
allows the strongly first-order electroweak phase transition. The mass of stop
quark need not be smaller than the top quark mass to ensure the first-order
electroweak phase transition be strong. The effect of the CP violating phase
upon the strength of the phase transition is discovered. The strength of the
phase transition is reduced when the size of the CP violation is increased. For
a given CP violating phase, we find that the model has a larger mass for the
lightest Higgs boson when it has a stronger phase transition.
| hep-ph | the possibility of a strongly firstorder electroweak phase transition is established in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with an extra u1 where a nontrivial cp violating phase is introduced in its higgs sector we find that there is a wide region in the parameter space of the model that allows the strongly firstorder electroweak phase transition the mass of stop quark need not be smaller than the top quark mass to ensure the firstorder electroweak phase transition be strong the effect of the cp violating phase upon the strength of the phase transition is discovered the strength of the phase transition is reduced when the size of the cp violation is increased for a given cp violating phase we find that the model has a larger mass for the lightest higgs boson when it has a stronger phase transition | [['the', 'possibility', 'of', 'a', 'strongly', 'firstorder', 'electroweak', 'phase', 'transition', 'is', 'established', 'in', 'the', 'minimal', 'supersymmetric', 'standard', 'model', 'with', 'an', 'extra', 'u1', 'where', 'a', 'nontrivial', 'cp', 'violating', 'phase', 'is', 'introduced', 'in', 'its', 'higgs', 'sector', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'there', 'is', 'a', 'wide', 'region', 'in', 'the', 'parameter', 'space', 'of', 'the', 'model', 'that', 'allows', 'the', 'strongly', 'firstorder', 'electroweak', 'phase', 'transition', 'the', 'mass', 'of', 'stop', 'quark', 'need', 'not', 'be', 'smaller', 'than', 'the', 'top', 'quark', 'mass', 'to', 'ensure', 'the', 'firstorder', 'electroweak', 'phase', 'transition', 'be', 'strong', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'the', 'cp', 'violating', 'phase', 'upon', 'the', 'strength', 'of', 'the', 'phase', 'transition', 'is', 'discovered', 'the', 'strength', 'of', 'the', 'phase', 'transition', 'is', 'reduced', 'when', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'the', 'cp', 'violation', 'is', 'increased', 'for', 'a', 'given', 'cp', 'violating', 'phase', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'model', 'has', 'a', 'larger', 'mass', 'for', 'the', 'lightest', 'higgs', 'boson', 'when', 'it', 'has', 'a', 'stronger', 'phase', 'transition']] | [-0.14118974339618956, 0.3176099870517463, -0.037392648754360006, 0.08787796005653553, -0.09350520121469665, -0.16159903408503898, 0.11566462013334465, 0.282224049307607, -0.21876437757700254, -0.26949475101268977, 0.06189215864245813, -0.241172044777597, -0.08701858592802565, 0.08265484091088765, 0.05498137499734244, 0.055746028325001196, -0.022016938467570347, 0.051988326723305445, -0.16048059284372135, -0.19955387605494893, 0.3118574167886521, -0.0198409540994133, 0.23251773521016023, 0.09638794705023815, 0.02529824505017387, -0.04709511653272261, 0.06365504300241902, -0.02130008496619634, -0.12000760374662572, -0.017579129568750053, 0.141351867240197, 0.08478048446474315, 0.14998957821630315, -0.312628104518965, -0.1894320309951084, 0.23011966272451573, 0.11145247182668112, 0.12510097592988675, -0.09246329017144313, -0.34946463866286626, 0.07771101895813569, -0.1921009573710265, -0.09249435509253534, -0.05983281260768367, -0.018220788799226284, -0.13800605308773706, -0.34990938954397016, 0.0868528500407023, 0.011774525354556042, 0.008229574563799144, 0.045477491591155876, -0.07756473447477592, -0.10708672304054816, 0.0440466064384388, 0.12108000313692303, 0.09067394776628253, 0.11578680879751341, -0.18504306129950412, -0.08461083627553831, 0.4580678598044052, -0.06982528952860337, -0.13234358870176424, 0.1377256740171047, -0.20709651411660082, -0.13670503560507255, 0.20651558080098506, 0.13426070557840222, 0.07855831913100622, -0.11753161617981021, 0.17230155312610293, -0.02769325699040787, 0.2482820427373534, -0.012249195707037294, 0.02874462745695127, 0.25288180866205007, 0.22818605069459663, 0.10536027744265018, 0.12844596520273965, -0.07156833479676744, -0.15157995083396114, -0.387056114982894, -0.17310118182099982, -0.11554137489041515, -0.032612376221478244, -0.13416038174098424, -0.15296185655157557, 0.39356458505360986, 0.12712602416495625, 0.21397119792150635, -0.004757075202014806, 0.2763320667042712, 0.16548851020500172, 0.09283383266008693, 0.0021777381892684553, 0.3840042943329209, 0.13680235433841137, 0.14184755018892156, -0.2745098251591457, 0.08266564583566656, 0.1057101989352553] |
708.1786 | Bound on the anomalous tbW coupling from two-loop contribution to
neutron electric dipole moment | The two-loop contribution to the electric dipole moment (EDM) and the chromo
electric dipole moment (CEDM) of an arbitrary fermion f induced by the most
general renormalizable tbW coupling with complex left- and right-handed
components (a_L and a_R) is calculated. The analytical expressions are
numerically evaluated and the current experimental constraints on the electron,
neutron and mercury atom EDMs are used to obtain a bound on the complex phase
Im(a^*_La_R). It is found that the most stringent constraint, Im(a^*_La_R)<2.33
X 10^{-2}, arises from the neutron EDM.
| hep-ph | the twoloop contribution to the electric dipole moment edm and the chromo electric dipole moment cedm of an arbitrary fermion f induced by the most general renormalizable tbw coupling with complex left and righthanded components a_l and a_r is calculated the analytical expressions are numerically evaluated and the current experimental constraints on the electron neutron and mercury atom edms are used to obtain a bound on the complex phase ima_la_r it is found that the most stringent constraint ima_la_r233 x 102 arises from the neutron edm | [['the', 'twoloop', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'electric', 'dipole', 'moment', 'edm', 'and', 'the', 'chromo', 'electric', 'dipole', 'moment', 'cedm', 'of', 'an', 'arbitrary', 'fermion', 'f', 'induced', 'by', 'the', 'most', 'general', 'renormalizable', 'tbw', 'coupling', 'with', 'complex', 'left', 'and', 'righthanded', 'components', 'a_l', 'and', 'a_r', 'is', 'calculated', 'the', 'analytical', 'expressions', 'are', 'numerically', 'evaluated', 'and', 'the', 'current', 'experimental', 'constraints', 'on', 'the', 'electron', 'neutron', 'and', 'mercury', 'atom', 'edms', 'are', 'used', 'to', 'obtain', 'a', 'bound', 'on', 'the', 'complex', 'phase', 'ima_la_r', 'it', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'most', 'stringent', 'constraint', 'ima_la_r233', 'x', '102', 'arises', 'from', 'the', 'neutron', 'edm']] | [-0.14334590164833658, 0.2413235215674268, 0.03774161413977189, 0.12581684763011122, -0.08758784805069722, -0.11215651217692842, 0.01301761770515614, 0.2988338356039354, -0.19053004107471289, -0.3061589970076013, 0.005500840932308208, -0.3317473482429272, -0.044415037286290454, 0.19221031794413215, 0.09261244419030845, 0.026473797159269452, -0.021165750119724266, 0.10025227658583649, -0.0646321719007877, -0.21386489354439878, 0.26819897314444896, 0.010620368949492417, 0.2457434773622524, 0.16292120193109094, 0.06606852113535362, -0.01814563075147037, 0.04174575842002274, -0.059544933472006095, -0.08697448809774262, 0.13243839338177904, 0.162511425070642, 0.04562953417189419, 0.01960769216419153, -0.48085100214839693, -0.05547109583304042, 0.09545843205636456, 0.07643140943366147, 0.09052404488569923, -0.07430833157074328, -0.3244185452792971, 0.03615567056944461, -0.20429222617254017, -0.1259777778177522, -0.1334677771110797, 0.060858567589006964, -0.019307341088452154, -0.39882839817021576, 0.04292733838693017, -0.005024046315589831, -0.004073802137836104, -0.056827345303082394, -0.23866784327436194, 0.005403286633303478, 0.04150622482744178, 0.12402642662969551, 0.12099277455404046, 0.19149553000793926, -0.1320283946281831, -0.08707587931504739, 0.41651515671539874, -0.09986555425538904, -0.1825489627663046, 0.0844382738716723, -0.2356016045114735, -0.12030678450329495, 0.11217639407342565, 0.11121535489136088, 0.15380306289132153, -0.18478433025025187, 0.18441966921853323, -0.016447681079929072, 0.15678728439213177, 0.07547393250500872, -0.011701827920790362, 0.26171493845980703, 0.11696820749369051, 0.057151644864071774, 0.058091268165125734, -0.11667767732537218, -0.057961763469003405, -0.3033185411754641, -0.046045109915818706, -0.17095561602729417, 0.0801613552806278, -0.10466849159950341, -0.13287621181059098, 0.34715332945121363, 0.13551180079091518, 0.12791190785355866, -0.03039412965465869, 0.367246970958409, 0.19065424494952563, 0.06344810577796861, 0.009372374541791422, 0.3040419603653607, 0.22220116402743206, 0.04580960067964736, -0.30773289864494774, 0.04788738076153788, 0.08353725125059663] |
708.1787 | Supernova SN2006gy as a first ever Quark Nova? | The most luminous Supernova SN2006gy (more than a 100 times brighter than a
typical supernova) has been a challenge to explain by standard models. For
example, pair instability supernovae which are luminous enough seem to have too
slow a rise, and core collapse supernovae do not seem to be luminous enough. We
present an alternative scenario involving the quark-nova phenomenon (an
explosive transition of the newly born neutron star to a quark star) in which a
second explosion (delayed) occurs inside the ejecta of a normal supernova. The
reheated supernova ejecta can radiate at higher levels for longer periods of
time primarily due to reduced adiabatic expansion losses, unlike the standard
supernova case. We find an encouraging match between the resulting lightcurve
and that observed in the case of SN2006gy suggesting that we might have at hand
the first ever signature of a quark-nova. Successful application of our model
to SN2005gj and SN2005ap is also presented.
| astro-ph | the most luminous supernova sn2006gy more than a 100 times brighter than a typical supernova has been a challenge to explain by standard models for example pair instability supernovae which are luminous enough seem to have too slow a rise and core collapse supernovae do not seem to be luminous enough we present an alternative scenario involving the quarknova phenomenon an explosive transition of the newly born neutron star to a quark star in which a second explosion delayed occurs inside the ejecta of a normal supernova the reheated supernova ejecta can radiate at higher levels for longer periods of time primarily due to reduced adiabatic expansion losses unlike the standard supernova case we find an encouraging match between the resulting lightcurve and that observed in the case of sn2006gy suggesting that we might have at hand the first ever signature of a quarknova successful application of our model to sn2005gj and sn2005ap is also presented | [['the', 'most', 'luminous', 'supernova', 'sn2006gy', 'more', 'than', 'a', '100', 'times', 'brighter', 'than', 'a', 'typical', 'supernova', 'has', 'been', 'a', 'challenge', 'to', 'explain', 'by', 'standard', 'models', 'for', 'example', 'pair', 'instability', 'supernovae', 'which', 'are', 'luminous', 'enough', 'seem', 'to', 'have', 'too', 'slow', 'a', 'rise', 'and', 'core', 'collapse', 'supernovae', 'do', 'not', 'seem', 'to', 'be', 'luminous', 'enough', 'we', 'present', 'an', 'alternative', 'scenario', 'involving', 'the', 'quarknova', 'phenomenon', 'an', 'explosive', 'transition', 'of', 'the', 'newly', 'born', 'neutron', 'star', 'to', 'a', 'quark', 'star', 'in', 'which', 'a', 'second', 'explosion', 'delayed', 'occurs', 'inside', 'the', 'ejecta', 'of', 'a', 'normal', 'supernova', 'the', 'reheated', 'supernova', 'ejecta', 'can', 'radiate', 'at', 'higher', 'levels', 'for', 'longer', 'periods', 'of', 'time', 'primarily', 'due', 'to', 'reduced', 'adiabatic', 'expansion', 'losses', 'unlike', 'the', 'standard', 'supernova', 'case', 'we', 'find', 'an', 'encouraging', 'match', 'between', 'the', 'resulting', 'lightcurve', 'and', 'that', 'observed', 'in', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'sn2006gy', 'suggesting', 'that', 'we', 'might', 'have', 'at', 'hand', 'the', 'first', 'ever', 'signature', 'of', 'a', 'quarknova', 'successful', 'application', 'of', 'our', 'model', 'to', 'sn2005gj', 'and', 'sn2005ap', 'is', 'also', 'presented']] | [-0.03722125118320736, 0.141422374474272, -0.08752724459060492, 0.1588423135130702, -0.1562773697749855, -0.1200450413281289, 0.056278566210471, 0.38645226500617963, -0.15975775300802736, -0.2918241647287057, 0.08940374148108113, -0.28323482329310185, -0.053195786668369785, 0.22229153128540555, -0.03239992053484177, -0.09185452356513661, 0.11839207141131808, 0.013236171085363587, -0.09078816664464867, -0.2690657962938974, 0.28053967566945803, 0.09355260556185385, 0.19727166864471748, -0.014881930403554669, 0.04881759878630058, -0.1486851770702439, 0.005078080908741611, -0.056314830895131215, -0.095357745017678, 0.020515521379330985, 0.1972109889067071, 0.1445915603857989, 0.22074239362831202, -0.4539682535836712, -0.2635211949997868, 0.16203451226017654, 0.22304917734940177, 0.11546871858314635, -0.08033316066827795, -0.22639707275905097, 0.08853536906341712, -0.2771149336282785, -0.1618388838534697, 0.04165771048969756, 0.043974399422623746, -0.002771335671870754, -0.2567224674305926, 0.12538483794550978, 0.057214889777242206, -0.0017389219331865509, -0.0418128006425925, -0.04744644474871725, -0.017505896566525243, -0.005452594985492909, 0.0735336745729467, 0.04842898929461789, 0.06761657851445936, -0.14364321266587537, -0.028774025509707056, 0.4499270100122652, -0.04396034483309053, 0.0245315833521883, 0.24116620289919993, -0.18058291191939646, -0.1360591792423899, 0.18830214473657692, 0.14453385730321783, 0.13235001116752243, -0.15084374973622078, -0.07856914204752777, 0.020027728130420048, 0.1503054331226919, 0.0504318947921722, 0.01481213102880037, 0.27196545132214967, 0.1851816192845432, 0.0003252430999567971, 0.0896331244319952, -0.1571226988154917, -0.06322394130835071, -0.2850128068164803, -0.09628608051869565, -0.14007913540953246, 0.11617351148901761, -0.08287484071917835, -0.13575128755436686, 0.31519179242567563, 0.0916451330592211, 0.19763283235713458, -0.013112865621224046, 0.26138276337550426, 0.10156162916936386, 0.12095103154663378, 0.11355580891578053, 0.3257861466278346, 0.13480796520031083, 0.1437677477295391, -0.20380800741277666, 0.12801132831970255, 0.02724640124525206] |
708.1788 | Reionization Bias in High Redshift Quasar Near-Zones | Absorption spectra of high redshift quasars exhibit an increasingly thick
Ly-alpha forest towards z~6. However, the interpretation of these spectra is
complicated by the fact that the Ly-alpha optical depth is already large for
neutral hydrogen fractions in excess of 10^-4, and also because quasars are
expected to reside in dense regions of the IGM. We present a model for the
evolution of the ionization state of the IGM which is applicable to the dense,
biased regions around high-redshift quasars as well as more typical regions in
the IGM, and combine this with numerical radiative transfer simulations. Our
model is able to simultaneously reproduce the observed Ly-alpha forest opacity
at 4<z<6, the ionizing photon mean-free-path at z~4 and the rapid evolution of
highly ionized near-zone sizes around high-redshift quasars at 5.8<z<6.4. We
find that within 5 physical Mpc of a high redshift quasar, the evolution of the
ionization state of the IGM precedes that in more typical regions by around 0.3
redshift units. More importantly, when combined with the rapid increase in the
ionizing photon mean-free-path expected shortly after overlap, this offset
results in an ionizing background near the quasar which exceeds the value in
the rest of the IGM by a factor of ~2-3. We further find that in the
post-overlap phase of reionization the size of the observed quasar near-zones
is not directly sensitive to the neutral hydrogen fraction of the IGM. Instead,
these sizes probe the level of the background ionization rate and the
temperature of the surrounding IGM. The observed rapid evolution of the quasar
near-zone sizes at 5.8<z<6.4 can thus be explained by the rapid evolution of
the ionizing background, which in our model is caused by the completion of
overlap at the end of reionization by 6<z<7.
| astro-ph | absorption spectra of high redshift quasars exhibit an increasingly thick lyalpha forest towards z6 however the interpretation of these spectra is complicated by the fact that the lyalpha optical depth is already large for neutral hydrogen fractions in excess of 104 and also because quasars are expected to reside in dense regions of the igm we present a model for the evolution of the ionization state of the igm which is applicable to the dense biased regions around highredshift quasars as well as more typical regions in the igm and combine this with numerical radiative transfer simulations our model is able to simultaneously reproduce the observed lyalpha forest opacity at 4z6 the ionizing photon meanfreepath at z4 and the rapid evolution of highly ionized nearzone sizes around highredshift quasars at 58z64 we find that within 5 physical mpc of a high redshift quasar the evolution of the ionization state of the igm precedes that in more typical regions by around 03 redshift units more importantly when combined with the rapid increase in the ionizing photon meanfreepath expected shortly after overlap this offset results in an ionizing background near the quasar which exceeds the value in the rest of the igm by a factor of 23 we further find that in the postoverlap phase of reionization the size of the observed quasar nearzones is not directly sensitive to the neutral hydrogen fraction of the igm instead these sizes probe the level of the background ionization rate and the temperature of the surrounding igm the observed rapid evolution of the quasar nearzone sizes at 58z64 can thus be explained by the rapid evolution of the ionizing background which in our model is caused by the completion of overlap at the end of reionization by 6z7 | [['absorption', 'spectra', 'of', 'high', 'redshift', 'quasars', 'exhibit', 'an', 'increasingly', 'thick', 'lyalpha', 'forest', 'towards', 'z6', 'however', 'the', 'interpretation', 'of', 'these', 'spectra', 'is', 'complicated', 'by', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'the', 'lyalpha', 'optical', 'depth', 'is', 'already', 'large', 'for', 'neutral', 'hydrogen', 'fractions', 'in', 'excess', 'of', '104', 'and', 'also', 'because', 'quasars', 'are', 'expected', 'to', 'reside', 'in', 'dense', 'regions', 'of', 'the', 'igm', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'model', 'for', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'ionization', 'state', 'of', 'the', 'igm', 'which', 'is', 'applicable', 'to', 'the', 'dense', 'biased', 'regions', 'around', 'highredshift', 'quasars', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'more', 'typical', 'regions', 'in', 'the', 'igm', 'and', 'combine', 'this', 'with', 'numerical', 'radiative', 'transfer', 'simulations', 'our', 'model', 'is', 'able', 'to', 'simultaneously', 'reproduce', 'the', 'observed', 'lyalpha', 'forest', 'opacity', 'at', '4z6', 'the', 'ionizing', 'photon', 'meanfreepath', 'at', 'z4', 'and', 'the', 'rapid', 'evolution', 'of', 'highly', 'ionized', 'nearzone', 'sizes', 'around', 'highredshift', 'quasars', 'at', '58z64', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'within', '5', 'physical', 'mpc', 'of', 'a', 'high', 'redshift', 'quasar', 'the', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'ionization', 'state', 'of', 'the', 'igm', 'precedes', 'that', 'in', 'more', 'typical', 'regions', 'by', 'around', '03', 'redshift', 'units', 'more', 'importantly', 'when', 'combined', 'with', 'the', 'rapid', 'increase', 'in', 'the', 'ionizing', 'photon', 'meanfreepath', 'expected', 'shortly', 'after', 'overlap', 'this', 'offset', 'results', 'in', 'an', 'ionizing', 'background', 'near', 'the', 'quasar', 'which', 'exceeds', 'the', 'value', 'in', 'the', 'rest', 'of', 'the', 'igm', 'by', 'a', 'factor', 'of', '23', 'we', 'further', 'find', 'that', 'in', 'the', 'postoverlap', 'phase', 'of', 'reionization', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'the', 'observed', 'quasar', 'nearzones', 'is', 'not', 'directly', 'sensitive', 'to', 'the', 'neutral', 'hydrogen', 'fraction', 'of', 'the', 'igm', 'instead', 'these', 'sizes', 'probe', 'the', 'level', 'of', 'the', 'background', 'ionization', 'rate', 'and', 'the', 'temperature', 'of', 'the', 'surrounding', 'igm', 'the', 'observed', 'rapid', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'quasar', 'nearzone', 'sizes', 'at', '58z64', 'can', 'thus', 'be', 'explained', 'by', 'the', 'rapid', 'evolution', 'of', 'the', 'ionizing', 'background', 'which', 'in', 'our', 'model', 'is', 'caused', 'by', 'the', 'completion', 'of', 'overlap', 'at', 'the', 'end', 'of', 'reionization', 'by', '6z7']] | [-0.00838942549087043, 0.17020799577615528, -0.001456204524006823, 0.0713032124082333, -0.018671197895410246, -0.04096888051496755, 0.05024932963163432, 0.42464734069232285, -0.16324057541065046, -0.318902014048192, 0.02731281114894704, -0.3083972623764441, -0.0028868481700744177, 0.16629369303921301, 0.023933045728078688, -0.030375247199393423, -0.003795732771736923, -0.09280780759993298, -0.009744921391518738, -0.28227416985700354, 0.3128832491010363, 0.15748624524888422, 0.2071577148287204, 0.010807713533045146, 0.08487309803062215, -0.08698185796464054, -0.09709818673898177, 0.017656335153954168, -0.12211089959932121, 0.04308902580965439, 0.25570066380475104, 0.13039024647930939, 0.2556532174557576, -0.34834151789546014, -0.2366414149637045, 0.07919988954471874, 0.20789485557229612, 0.11798974457718753, -0.056324993657171, -0.2570923735042392, 0.06352906735886917, -0.14853567325124709, -0.15389949641158354, 0.07904377627780597, 0.026279472037025825, 0.004064791680891709, -0.20825307362809264, 0.16182354974132915, -0.009609309146742753, 0.021426374914028264, -0.04897285115459516, -0.03663104598827917, -0.09775746470429646, 0.06060421650613064, -0.008650418917712724, 0.04570565920228797, 0.2154576285425092, -0.2233406231802856, 0.007196672601175719, 0.40838962040584664, -0.08027322117423896, -0.003821590234493387, 0.18576849411916116, -0.24622909503442975, -0.14453665693129958, 0.24148109408641427, 0.16678727965376436, 0.08865800242296998, -0.1025033444562096, 0.004665715628753192, -0.006479997764309418, 0.23729411058513256, 0.016737812625019458, 0.07210253786038735, 0.2874347944840275, 0.10896805738628809, 0.03371511091446054, 0.08954181975468287, -0.15762849296924883, -0.0008131226516682013, -0.25831898530023895, -0.10837096238733622, -0.1334708913004604, 0.1132651004651742, -0.14959294568919898, -0.14965951848566403, 0.35916983087643467, 0.18927128641316185, 0.26442785212641645, 0.06548213622861959, 0.32780521106745664, 0.13514027785176635, 0.06719368595854733, 0.08964677766077862, 0.3270211059616172, 0.1385720706175499, 0.10214714012871465, -0.25220210413199623, 0.10735057725025149, -0.009219832126259932] |
708.1789 | Extensions of McCoy Rings | A ring $R$ is said to be right McCoy if the equation $f(x)g(x)=0,$ where
$f(x)$ and $g(x)$ are nonzero polynomials of $R[x],$ implies that there exists
nonzero $s \in R$ such that $f(x)s = 0$. It is proven that no proper
(triangular) matrix ring is one-sided McCoy. If there exists the classical
right quotient ring $Q$ of a ring $R$, then $R$ is right McCoy if and only if
$Q$ is right McCoy. It is shown that for many polynomial extensions, a ring $R$
is right McCoy if and only if the polynomial extension over $R$ is right McCoy.
Other basic extensions of right McCoy rings are also studied.\leftskip0truemm
\rightskip0truemm \{\it Keywords}: matrix ring, McCoy ring, polynomial ring,
upper triangular matrix ring.
| math.RA | a ring r is said to be right mccoy if the equation fxgx0 where fx and gx are nonzero polynomials of rx implies that there exists nonzero s in r such that fxs 0 it is proven that no proper triangular matrix ring is onesided mccoy if there exists the classical right quotient ring q of a ring r then r is right mccoy if and only if q is right mccoy it is shown that for many polynomial extensions a ring r is right mccoy if and only if the polynomial extension over r is right mccoy other basic extensions of right mccoy rings are also studiedleftskip0truemm rightskip0truemm it keywords matrix ring mccoy ring polynomial ring upper triangular matrix ring | [['a', 'ring', 'r', 'is', 'said', 'to', 'be', 'right', 'mccoy', 'if', 'the', 'equation', 'fxgx0', 'where', 'fx', 'and', 'gx', 'are', 'nonzero', 'polynomials', 'of', 'rx', 'implies', 'that', 'there', 'exists', 'nonzero', 's', 'in', 'r', 'such', 'that', 'fxs', '0', 'it', 'is', 'proven', 'that', 'no', 'proper', 'triangular', 'matrix', 'ring', 'is', 'onesided', 'mccoy', 'if', 'there', 'exists', 'the', 'classical', 'right', 'quotient', 'ring', 'q', 'of', 'a', 'ring', 'r', 'then', 'r', 'is', 'right', 'mccoy', 'if', 'and', 'only', 'if', 'q', 'is', 'right', 'mccoy', 'it', 'is', 'shown', 'that', 'for', 'many', 'polynomial', 'extensions', 'a', 'ring', 'r', 'is', 'right', 'mccoy', 'if', 'and', 'only', 'if', 'the', 'polynomial', 'extension', 'over', 'r', 'is', 'right', 'mccoy', 'other', 'basic', 'extensions', 'of', 'right', 'mccoy', 'rings', 'are', 'also', 'studiedleftskip0truemm', 'rightskip0truemm', 'it', 'keywords', 'matrix', 'ring', 'mccoy', 'ring', 'polynomial', 'ring', 'upper', 'triangular', 'matrix', 'ring']] | [-0.2289376369112038, 0.03339910003192285, -0.05303495229777543, 0.012335930140923802, -0.08531716001462661, -0.3286197158633223, -0.138889746662198, 0.38841561642827604, -0.4305234537655566, -0.011344743802548707, 0.1696619572227492, -0.3059227930835816, -0.1004761200116462, 0.16316584305164694, -0.06302395773887196, -0.09867058529620286, -0.021938687902601325, 0.1612809730474563, -0.04564399746473597, -0.3114565754888438, 0.23996223704576367, -0.003656504165083796, 0.07661360138640817, 0.06003572111323226, 0.10901990701921847, 0.018955483938716038, 0.0339591876768014, -0.0024030679335989872, -0.19070177393532045, -0.01260745634340501, 0.2640059122487026, 0.12108137930093818, 0.2219756128728202, -0.3182921613480489, 0.0009357026785987766, 0.28739905276750566, 0.16714298151464774, -0.12881249102432193, -0.03654057482069656, -0.1950626408274309, 0.256140750680244, -0.26401611280181453, -0.13962089365050823, -0.017889220179489053, 0.278620759608271, 0.03178174401625615, -0.38117514601556446, 0.02353632904196886, 0.15611759437044628, 0.08684035892057342, 0.08609935668289286, -0.1121736832996126, -0.03826145686897911, -0.0403554568325459, -0.04690729008846674, 0.0711365078669824, 0.10076665426721844, -0.06448634774345874, -0.014699499971945496, 0.3460525468210964, -0.050556769555418934, -0.20332920548169553, 0.08237903893479154, -0.25458996640440046, -0.07684936015984091, 0.07284756686475848, -0.09345037717090435, 0.13412084392890208, -0.013422424302381627, 0.34797963646226837, -0.2855168104625675, 0.15635013303273365, 0.13361289922711478, 0.019633940854422872, 0.18721345326855404, 0.012701477910227636, 0.1223725585260589, 0.05401850347710429, 0.029996780099488106, 0.005021550246522206, -0.32131432569703133, -0.14717141419899563, -0.22011621539019235, 0.10962345801622063, -0.09665391244301905, -0.12135794146858085, 0.36579132199036973, 0.07239250923035384, 0.14952609775404, 0.00914084815866306, 0.2076003467057589, 0.07384457747929361, 0.04049944710729941, 0.14505506634806134, 0.09230044752187214, 0.24873694732096516, -0.010241939808523767, -0.11665082637204968, 0.03473235745796887, 0.16661745406092465] |
708.179 | Observation of a resonance-like structure in the pi^+- psi' mass
distribution in exclusive B-->K pi^+- psi' decays | A distinct peak is observed in the pi^+/- psi' invariant mass distribution
near 4.43 GeV in B->K pi^+/- psi' decays. A fit using a Breit Wigner resonance
shape yields a peak mass and width of 4433+-4(stat)+-2(syst) MeV and Gamma =
45^+18_-13(stat) ^+30_-13 MeV. The product branching fraction is determined to
be Bf(B-->KZ(4430))xBf(Z(4430)-->pi^+psi') =
(4.1+-1.0(stat)+-1.4(syst))x10^{-5), where Z(4430) is used to denote the
observed structure. The statistical significance of the observed peak is
6.5sigma. These results are obtained from a 605 fb-1 data sample that contains
657 million BBbar pairs collected near the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle
detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy e+e- collider.
| hep-ex | a distinct peak is observed in the pi psi invariant mass distribution near 443 gev in bk pi psi decays a fit using a breit wigner resonance shape yields a peak mass and width of 44334stat2syst mev and gamma 4518_13stat 30_13 mev the product branching fraction is determined to be bfbkz4430xbfz4430pipsi 4110stat14systx105 where z4430 is used to denote the observed structure the statistical significance of the observed peak is 65sigma these results are obtained from a 605 fb1 data sample that contains 657 million bbbar pairs collected near the upsilon4s resonance with the belle detector at the kekb asymmetric energy ee collider | [['a', 'distinct', 'peak', 'is', 'observed', 'in', 'the', 'pi', 'psi', 'invariant', 'mass', 'distribution', 'near', '443', 'gev', 'in', 'bk', 'pi', 'psi', 'decays', 'a', 'fit', 'using', 'a', 'breit', 'wigner', 'resonance', 'shape', 'yields', 'a', 'peak', 'mass', 'and', 'width', 'of', '44334stat2syst', 'mev', 'and', 'gamma', '4518_13stat', '30_13', 'mev', 'the', 'product', 'branching', 'fraction', 'is', 'determined', 'to', 'be', 'bfbkz4430xbfz4430pipsi', '4110stat14systx105', 'where', 'z4430', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'denote', 'the', 'observed', 'structure', 'the', 'statistical', 'significance', 'of', 'the', 'observed', 'peak', 'is', '65sigma', 'these', 'results', 'are', 'obtained', 'from', 'a', '605', 'fb1', 'data', 'sample', 'that', 'contains', '657', 'million', 'bbbar', 'pairs', 'collected', 'near', 'the', 'upsilon4s', 'resonance', 'with', 'the', 'belle', 'detector', 'at', 'the', 'kekb', 'asymmetric', 'energy', 'ee', 'collider']] | [-0.08065222735461519, 0.17423187553181707, -0.10461156523412037, 0.11657421289914355, -0.0652729634780043, -0.11446724604087949, 0.049290687101413065, 0.34823939177332464, -0.1728879482744588, -0.31330427942202266, -0.08272986460870765, -0.4487516355182323, 0.08553943583338532, 0.17182502008676914, 0.10400989963721062, 0.09757312619578593, 0.16467913100495934, 0.06384835022107996, -0.05342155050956788, -0.1517528329481438, 0.20687842106004967, 0.04830916068449463, 0.256923258799061, 0.0427400262200648, 0.03655186635994151, -0.032108823305533565, 0.019828514752851932, -0.11367621814073592, -0.14778661766587864, 0.025105351520961477, 0.23707747002871535, 0.11494490352564866, 0.13715793256955125, -0.231490685462519, -0.003306299403607461, 0.17876104253929914, 0.14694383459108085, -0.03864336291750528, -0.0164116442349941, -0.4135264725299533, 0.159133447795031, -0.16131295941136392, -0.12881367077532502, 0.060805846604557, 0.03759165862863211, -0.09929630565505053, -0.34094702000981775, 0.1410245164873597, -0.06857017150206357, 0.07625680958333704, -0.021841607114165714, -0.2688275300945664, -0.06656487465634481, -0.06650653587577422, -0.0110522999149776, 0.10106384016923875, 0.23756844455918738, -0.05602996437972383, -0.14167217800835358, 0.33060993586388443, -0.06225279743195699, -0.053592735599935264, 0.09095772631351173, -0.26484343525233495, -0.07932856636717148, 0.2672315113169631, 0.23023170879897997, -0.002587961762682679, -0.20425355285658145, 0.11084267904996373, -0.049491710130355714, 0.2159016409543218, 0.12888237340951858, 0.040434123548563836, 0.17333859360786444, 0.1972234841993021, -0.030237852250101026, 0.07377700148673594, -0.1914018518771477, -0.03169676149744041, -0.3853173589276284, -0.056450909507681724, -0.13165383041385062, 0.11761480981253625, 0.010281872691060944, -0.055682992375426996, 0.39100451594621866, 0.0004975326556097908, 0.38466140418553474, -0.008753163485605385, 0.24879732956034467, 0.1468855496531967, 0.062194451866443415, 0.07806210557869564, 0.2828813871637601, 0.1761605513462744, 0.12149612676501081, -0.2706039864113842, 1.926043253276766e-05, -0.051469309985176806] |
708.1791 | Load fluctuations drive actin network growth | The growth of actin filament networks is a fundamental biological process
that drives a variety of cellular and intracellular motions. During motility,
eukaryotic cells and intracellular pathogens are propelled by actin networks
organized by nucleation-promoting factors, which trigger the formation of
nascent filaments off the side of existing filaments in the network. A Brownian
ratchet (BR) mechanism has been proposed to couple actin polymerization to
cellular movements, whereby thermal motions are rectified by the addition of
actin monomers at the end of growing filaments. Here, by following
actin--propelled microspheres using three--dimensional laser tracking, we find
that beads adhered to the growing network move via an object--fluctuating BR.
Velocity varies with the amplitude of thermal fluctuation and inversely with
viscosity as predicted for a BR. In addition, motion is saltatory with a broad
distribution of step sizes that is correlated in time. These data point to a
model in which thermal fluctuations of the microsphere or entire actin network,
and not individual filaments, govern motility. This conclusion is supported by
Monte Carlo simulations of an adhesion--based BR and suggests an important role
for membrane tension in the control of actin--based cellular protrusions.
| physics.bio-ph | the growth of actin filament networks is a fundamental biological process that drives a variety of cellular and intracellular motions during motility eukaryotic cells and intracellular pathogens are propelled by actin networks organized by nucleationpromoting factors which trigger the formation of nascent filaments off the side of existing filaments in the network a brownian ratchet br mechanism has been proposed to couple actin polymerization to cellular movements whereby thermal motions are rectified by the addition of actin monomers at the end of growing filaments here by following actinpropelled microspheres using threedimensional laser tracking we find that beads adhered to the growing network move via an objectfluctuating br velocity varies with the amplitude of thermal fluctuation and inversely with viscosity as predicted for a br in addition motion is saltatory with a broad distribution of step sizes that is correlated in time these data point to a model in which thermal fluctuations of the microsphere or entire actin network and not individual filaments govern motility this conclusion is supported by monte carlo simulations of an adhesionbased br and suggests an important role for membrane tension in the control of actinbased cellular protrusions | [['the', 'growth', 'of', 'actin', 'filament', 'networks', 'is', 'a', 'fundamental', 'biological', 'process', 'that', 'drives', 'a', 'variety', 'of', 'cellular', 'and', 'intracellular', 'motions', 'during', 'motility', 'eukaryotic', 'cells', 'and', 'intracellular', 'pathogens', 'are', 'propelled', 'by', 'actin', 'networks', 'organized', 'by', 'nucleationpromoting', 'factors', 'which', 'trigger', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'nascent', 'filaments', 'off', 'the', 'side', 'of', 'existing', 'filaments', 'in', 'the', 'network', 'a', 'brownian', 'ratchet', 'br', 'mechanism', 'has', 'been', 'proposed', 'to', 'couple', 'actin', 'polymerization', 'to', 'cellular', 'movements', 'whereby', 'thermal', 'motions', 'are', 'rectified', 'by', 'the', 'addition', 'of', 'actin', 'monomers', 'at', 'the', 'end', 'of', 'growing', 'filaments', 'here', 'by', 'following', 'actinpropelled', 'microspheres', 'using', 'threedimensional', 'laser', 'tracking', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'beads', 'adhered', 'to', 'the', 'growing', 'network', 'move', 'via', 'an', 'objectfluctuating', 'br', 'velocity', 'varies', 'with', 'the', 'amplitude', 'of', 'thermal', 'fluctuation', 'and', 'inversely', 'with', 'viscosity', 'as', 'predicted', 'for', 'a', 'br', 'in', 'addition', 'motion', 'is', 'saltatory', 'with', 'a', 'broad', 'distribution', 'of', 'step', 'sizes', 'that', 'is', 'correlated', 'in', 'time', 'these', 'data', 'point', 'to', 'a', 'model', 'in', 'which', 'thermal', 'fluctuations', 'of', 'the', 'microsphere', 'or', 'entire', 'actin', 'network', 'and', 'not', 'individual', 'filaments', 'govern', 'motility', 'this', 'conclusion', 'is', 'supported', 'by', 'monte', 'carlo', 'simulations', 'of', 'an', 'adhesionbased', 'br', 'and', 'suggests', 'an', 'important', 'role', 'for', 'membrane', 'tension', 'in', 'the', 'control', 'of', 'actinbased', 'cellular', 'protrusions']] | [-0.13230968246866456, 0.22276726527035892, -0.02483973470964733, -0.03784873359862902, -0.0200682090757848, -0.12190109283170279, 0.0244596244600467, 0.42933481115876465, -0.30192041155050464, -0.2209398873588618, 0.027775751276783407, -0.23909960966308247, -0.21123768584454122, 0.14554987391357355, -0.032229084202790644, 0.004484577373387342, 0.039917560657834944, -0.031941614362764804, 0.12776090141278718, -0.15662267982192776, 0.2178031332008939, 0.08601790982333415, 0.31090868665104643, 0.016440600486731228, 0.1338264657474586, -0.06536573835494205, -0.015064222743127116, 0.03402507392861407, -0.17238165924189716, 0.12674864407200465, 0.18821860140035138, 0.035218523010950194, 0.2763311700337631, -0.5212878063121901, -0.26869593648909823, 0.09038672377330495, 0.23125467862669916, 0.10996838877560262, -0.035266756015969195, -0.2538851267822525, 0.0619786835492235, -0.13175147174817714, -0.1112563702661325, -0.012067228920800104, 0.07372450201030084, 0.105784138329987, -0.22736073337634777, 0.11540497710709186, 0.02960767440733196, 0.07218980839734966, -0.08798673345687436, -0.028991972325359754, -0.09118545930597614, 0.14167587081079974, 0.06711870456661626, 0.04081362140001381, 0.3377376628546592, -0.16825871069088857, -0.12357591036682261, 0.36128147782130354, -0.0072870502836085895, -0.18402788661081682, 0.20354480942820802, -0.1098822183000611, -0.13312811159309657, 0.2117393733933568, 0.17842576177267827, 0.0398145661410598, -0.17220777284010327, -0.023874027357264894, -0.01562748825797602, 0.17516260368971748, 0.0774545500971337, -0.04051867616238362, 0.2467947302567947, 0.258074402570087, 0.02816530618876378, 0.12173391113376474, -0.13018644639704238, -0.1303900604579538, -0.2171546594951959, -0.15974304371608053, -0.13443346955330376, 0.04735219303058164, -0.09840755201563336, -0.17753025008873505, 0.34933838214262086, 0.0831877609495731, 0.22219427703894715, 0.07787347257692606, 0.2541244554770413, 0.012554291759637548, 0.11191403554045262, 0.024237328323530642, 0.22779834323766876, 0.13787638682362818, 0.14491253899831205, -0.2621898935948384, 0.10382897507170225, 0.03654617845344751] |
708.1792 | Radiative Column and Light Curve of X-Ray Binary Pulsars | We examine the published light curves (LCs) of 117 X-ray binary pulsars,
focusing on the dependence of their light curves on the observed energy bands.
It is found that the energy dependence of the LCs appears only when the X-ray
luminosity is larger than ~ 5 x 10^36 erg/s. Assuming that the behavior of
light curve is related to the radiative accretion column on the neutron star
surface, this energy threshold can be considered as the observational proof of
the accretion column formation proposed by Basko and Sunyaev. Once we can grasp
the existence of radiative column, we can also obtain several useful
informations on the neutron star properties. As an instance, we perform the
statistical analysis of the orientation angle of the magnetic axis, and we find
that the inclination angle of magnetic axis should be small in order to explain
the observed statistics.
| astro-ph | we examine the published light curves lcs of 117 xray binary pulsars focusing on the dependence of their light curves on the observed energy bands it is found that the energy dependence of the lcs appears only when the xray luminosity is larger than 5 x 1036 ergs assuming that the behavior of light curve is related to the radiative accretion column on the neutron star surface this energy threshold can be considered as the observational proof of the accretion column formation proposed by basko and sunyaev once we can grasp the existence of radiative column we can also obtain several useful informations on the neutron star properties as an instance we perform the statistical analysis of the orientation angle of the magnetic axis and we find that the inclination angle of magnetic axis should be small in order to explain the observed statistics | [['we', 'examine', 'the', 'published', 'light', 'curves', 'lcs', 'of', '117', 'xray', 'binary', 'pulsars', 'focusing', 'on', 'the', 'dependence', 'of', 'their', 'light', 'curves', 'on', 'the', 'observed', 'energy', 'bands', 'it', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'energy', 'dependence', 'of', 'the', 'lcs', 'appears', 'only', 'when', 'the', 'xray', 'luminosity', 'is', 'larger', 'than', '5', 'x', '1036', 'ergs', 'assuming', 'that', 'the', 'behavior', 'of', 'light', 'curve', 'is', 'related', 'to', 'the', 'radiative', 'accretion', 'column', 'on', 'the', 'neutron', 'star', 'surface', 'this', 'energy', 'threshold', 'can', 'be', 'considered', 'as', 'the', 'observational', 'proof', 'of', 'the', 'accretion', 'column', 'formation', 'proposed', 'by', 'basko', 'and', 'sunyaev', 'once', 'we', 'can', 'grasp', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'radiative', 'column', 'we', 'can', 'also', 'obtain', 'several', 'useful', 'informations', 'on', 'the', 'neutron', 'star', 'properties', 'as', 'an', 'instance', 'we', 'perform', 'the', 'statistical', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'orientation', 'angle', 'of', 'the', 'magnetic', 'axis', 'and', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'the', 'inclination', 'angle', 'of', 'magnetic', 'axis', 'should', 'be', 'small', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'explain', 'the', 'observed', 'statistics']] | [-0.10672001322543817, 0.13481884379719608, -0.09111861453695586, 0.1417324062357592, -0.10943333104892695, -0.056276665095032916, 0.05266620144053983, 0.41864995249650544, -0.225254111150409, -0.35744882518580806, 0.10418050747587888, -0.28225442318620886, -0.04814769757407097, 0.23891990177152264, -0.021113998107870832, 0.00641374388861651, 0.02480381099546018, 0.007002846473672737, -0.0922795865384008, -0.24073207856337023, 0.2968498210151059, 0.06782118064842911, 0.21177029110751594, 0.060624188779103055, 0.05616294944775291, -0.01071422667559495, -0.004202533668528001, -0.008988262754832653, -0.16832636598696304, 0.0499872799587643, 0.1985677024462752, 0.10681040945524324, 0.14169175799341044, -0.38531208586775595, -0.2052322516683489, 0.08114184831113865, 0.12492046586218446, 0.040500996010248654, -0.02376793697476387, -0.18527055816149288, 0.054946301741034, -0.15835966193440576, -0.16707039897543532, -0.003337288880579258, 0.04474836430421823, 0.05875653468602751, -0.19842548549382222, 0.07861944444347399, 0.053511245159623085, 0.039903639369489007, -0.1084419756306387, -0.10047010677711417, -0.08190366911650118, 0.03299130552659335, 0.10258669756230018, 0.06568033229430309, 0.1733987094970265, -0.1230639691396694, -0.053867161380670346, 0.3969794408056057, -0.06502038207418082, -0.06956048556862192, 0.13854334231776497, -0.2136277538666036, -0.12697858560002512, 0.15848290441984622, 0.16730198192979312, 0.1195771578463286, -0.10888443323155014, 0.001271836274503989, -0.06619899931764747, 0.23069967778347847, 0.05622983009218135, 0.03789143532048911, 0.2965430873122791, 0.12124832703395644, 0.005155902446454598, 0.12575601549704313, -0.2510117121629365, -0.022538513674337284, -0.24946345701593803, -0.10133090176128058, -0.14617952909126566, 0.1208092860098178, -0.12313733028693402, -0.1137153719448381, 0.3757942224555235, 0.10851791250428909, 0.21641390314066988, 0.017662035610151686, 0.28636442660030703, 0.1450549743199695, 0.047658825171917364, 0.09766072951525631, 0.33894029097993755, 0.16451520377045703, 0.0767307598895665, -0.27909359805441153, 0.11667522578338524, 0.022806274660979398] |
708.1793 | A sub-horizon framework for probing the relationship between the
cosmological matter distribution and metric perturbations | The relationship between the metric and nonrelativistic matter distribution
depends on the theory of gravity and additional fields, providing a possible
way of distinguishing competing theories. With the assumption that the geometry
and kinematics of the homogeneous universe have been measured to sufficient
accuracy, we present a procedure for understanding and testing the relationship
between the cosmological matter distribution and metric perturbations (along
with their respective evolution) using the ratio of the physical size of the
perturbation to the size of the horizon as our small expansion parameter. We
expand around Newtonian gravity on linear, subhorizon scales with coefficient
functions in front of the expansion parameter. Our framework relies on an
ansatz which ensures that (i) the Poisson equation is recovered on small scales
(ii) the metric variables (and any additional fields) are generated and
supported by the nonrelativistic matter overdensity. The scales for which our
framework is intended are small enough so that cosmic variance does not
significantly limit the accuracy of the measurements and large enough to avoid
complications from nonlinear effects and baryon cooling. The coefficient
functions provide a general framework for contrasting the consequences of
Lambda CDM and its alternatives. We calculate the coefficient functions for
general relativity with a cosmological constant and dark matter, GR with dark
matter and quintessence, scalar-tensor theories, f(R) gravity and braneworld
models. We identify a possibly unique signature of braneworld models.
Constraining the coefficient functions provides a streamlined approach for
testing gravity in a scale dependent manner. We briefly discuss the
observations best suited for an application of our framework.
| astro-ph gr-qc | the relationship between the metric and nonrelativistic matter distribution depends on the theory of gravity and additional fields providing a possible way of distinguishing competing theories with the assumption that the geometry and kinematics of the homogeneous universe have been measured to sufficient accuracy we present a procedure for understanding and testing the relationship between the cosmological matter distribution and metric perturbations along with their respective evolution using the ratio of the physical size of the perturbation to the size of the horizon as our small expansion parameter we expand around newtonian gravity on linear subhorizon scales with coefficient functions in front of the expansion parameter our framework relies on an ansatz which ensures that i the poisson equation is recovered on small scales ii the metric variables and any additional fields are generated and supported by the nonrelativistic matter overdensity the scales for which our framework is intended are small enough so that cosmic variance does not significantly limit the accuracy of the measurements and large enough to avoid complications from nonlinear effects and baryon cooling the coefficient functions provide a general framework for contrasting the consequences of lambda cdm and its alternatives we calculate the coefficient functions for general relativity with a cosmological constant and dark matter gr with dark matter and quintessence scalartensor theories fr gravity and braneworld models we identify a possibly unique signature of braneworld models constraining the coefficient functions provides a streamlined approach for testing gravity in a scale dependent manner we briefly discuss the observations best suited for an application of our framework | [['the', 'relationship', 'between', 'the', 'metric', 'and', 'nonrelativistic', 'matter', 'distribution', 'depends', 'on', 'the', 'theory', 'of', 'gravity', 'and', 'additional', 'fields', 'providing', 'a', 'possible', 'way', 'of', 'distinguishing', 'competing', 'theories', 'with', 'the', 'assumption', 'that', 'the', 'geometry', 'and', 'kinematics', 'of', 'the', 'homogeneous', 'universe', 'have', 'been', 'measured', 'to', 'sufficient', 'accuracy', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'procedure', 'for', 'understanding', 'and', 'testing', 'the', 'relationship', 'between', 'the', 'cosmological', 'matter', 'distribution', 'and', 'metric', 'perturbations', 'along', 'with', 'their', 'respective', 'evolution', 'using', 'the', 'ratio', 'of', 'the', 'physical', 'size', 'of', 'the', 'perturbation', 'to', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'the', 'horizon', 'as', 'our', 'small', 'expansion', 'parameter', 'we', 'expand', 'around', 'newtonian', 'gravity', 'on', 'linear', 'subhorizon', 'scales', 'with', 'coefficient', 'functions', 'in', 'front', 'of', 'the', 'expansion', 'parameter', 'our', 'framework', 'relies', 'on', 'an', 'ansatz', 'which', 'ensures', 'that', 'i', 'the', 'poisson', 'equation', 'is', 'recovered', 'on', 'small', 'scales', 'ii', 'the', 'metric', 'variables', 'and', 'any', 'additional', 'fields', 'are', 'generated', 'and', 'supported', 'by', 'the', 'nonrelativistic', 'matter', 'overdensity', 'the', 'scales', 'for', 'which', 'our', 'framework', 'is', 'intended', 'are', 'small', 'enough', 'so', 'that', 'cosmic', 'variance', 'does', 'not', 'significantly', 'limit', 'the', 'accuracy', 'of', 'the', 'measurements', 'and', 'large', 'enough', 'to', 'avoid', 'complications', 'from', 'nonlinear', 'effects', 'and', 'baryon', 'cooling', 'the', 'coefficient', 'functions', 'provide', 'a', 'general', 'framework', 'for', 'contrasting', 'the', 'consequences', 'of', 'lambda', 'cdm', 'and', 'its', 'alternatives', 'we', 'calculate', 'the', 'coefficient', 'functions', 'for', 'general', 'relativity', 'with', 'a', 'cosmological', 'constant', 'and', 'dark', 'matter', 'gr', 'with', 'dark', 'matter', 'and', 'quintessence', 'scalartensor', 'theories', 'fr', 'gravity', 'and', 'braneworld', 'models', 'we', 'identify', 'a', 'possibly', 'unique', 'signature', 'of', 'braneworld', 'models', 'constraining', 'the', 'coefficient', 'functions', 'provides', 'a', 'streamlined', 'approach', 'for', 'testing', 'gravity', 'in', 'a', 'scale', 'dependent', 'manner', 'we', 'briefly', 'discuss', 'the', 'observations', 'best', 'suited', 'for', 'an', 'application', 'of', 'our', 'framework']] | [-0.12013412417055895, 0.0981520183063157, -0.135527490288055, 0.10625854949825085, -0.1134920865118217, -0.11913540157167098, -0.01585876080297077, 0.3059649628533337, -0.2194151459942357, -0.3216692408725906, 0.05318976918016023, -0.24633231059818242, -0.10853899891058413, 0.16587037151822678, 0.005423645911594996, 0.030190783040374158, -0.008509373179493615, 0.019908029607232983, -0.07180510994534975, -0.24699754446583727, 0.36582319917282663, 0.11246148981153965, 0.24345995061762202, 0.03372559178119095, 0.12298063775882698, -0.03965626598801464, -0.06287070916699192, 0.059202706761873114, -0.1698746073305721, 0.07628073374843762, 0.17895968020409503, 0.14013635124742554, 0.23356844800202034, -0.40784776382004984, -0.2518742114484597, 0.10201923560995896, 0.11265381039209807, 0.13558552887631006, -0.052718016313603865, -0.27833502027027024, 0.05219996892847121, -0.1696171271847561, -0.14328805298293726, -0.07281245676388677, 0.018611577300068276, 0.003941806158624017, -0.2719365317858039, 0.12844673826789055, 0.02028440916642117, -0.018144787231890055, -0.08417504412623553, -0.08947314944951079, 0.018695930399609588, 0.07225888368087069, 0.09859811031850628, 0.020835297183993344, 0.14921074805852885, -0.175377048538156, -0.05935139939762079, 0.4260647592922816, -0.13037995644845068, -0.22144112228236806, 0.18403128972187496, -0.16741632610344542, -0.1262450485991744, 0.045658207854005296, 0.14527087755716192, 0.13919248417772065, -0.11553360455167981, 0.1483762603456853, 0.017846086166816977, 0.1699770535593136, 0.04924702676228033, 0.050250658323056994, 0.264676669101195, 0.14680673681387607, 0.032829884786378195, 0.06895511029243398, -0.06970817994039792, -0.0839197601462589, -0.37513510750140994, -0.1268489918187977, -0.14423419254285713, 0.012309293657633063, -0.1859404188233244, -0.1803636012527232, 0.3625145563103545, 0.1459053346985736, 0.1836704813123036, 0.0957835003200811, 0.2810313091864093, 0.08813839621031477, 0.0480116645196596, 0.08344487113734851, 0.2775572378833133, 0.1503613176710832, 0.06829986679725922, -0.2362249610829167, 0.026607792923012033, 0.02619893670691034] |
708.1794 | Systems level circuit model of C. elegans undulatory locomotion:
mathematical modeling and molecular genetics | To establish the relationship between locomotory behavior and dynamics of
neural circuits in the nematode C. elegans we combined molecular and
theoretical approaches. In particular, we quantitatively analyzed the motion of
C. elegans with defective synaptic GABA and acetylcholine transmission,
defective muscle calcium signaling, and defective muscles and cuticle
structures, and compared the data with our systems level circuit model. The
major experimental findings are: (i) anterior-to-posterior gradients of body
bending flex for almost all strains both for forward and backward motion, and
for neuronal mutants, also analogous weak gradients of undulatory frequency,
(ii) existence of some form of neuromuscular (stretch receptor) feedback, (iii)
invariance of neuromuscular wavelength, (iv) biphasic dependence of frequency
on synaptic signaling, and (v) decrease of frequency with increase of the
muscle time constant. Based on (i) we hypothesize that the Central Pattern
Generator (CPG) is located in the head both for forward and backward motion.
Points (i) and (ii) are the starting assumptions for our theoretical model,
whose dynamical patterns are qualitatively insensitive to the details of the
CPG design if stretch receptor feedback is sufficiently strong and slow. The
model reveals that stretch receptor coupling in the body wall is critical for
generation of the neuromuscular wave. Our model agrees with our behavioral
data(iii), (iv), and (v), and with other pertinent published data, e.g., that
frequency is an increasing function of muscle gap-junction coupling.
| q-bio.NC q-bio.GN | to establish the relationship between locomotory behavior and dynamics of neural circuits in the nematode c elegans we combined molecular and theoretical approaches in particular we quantitatively analyzed the motion of c elegans with defective synaptic gaba and acetylcholine transmission defective muscle calcium signaling and defective muscles and cuticle structures and compared the data with our systems level circuit model the major experimental findings are i anteriortoposterior gradients of body bending flex for almost all strains both for forward and backward motion and for neuronal mutants also analogous weak gradients of undulatory frequency ii existence of some form of neuromuscular stretch receptor feedback iii invariance of neuromuscular wavelength iv biphasic dependence of frequency on synaptic signaling and v decrease of frequency with increase of the muscle time constant based on i we hypothesize that the central pattern generator cpg is located in the head both for forward and backward motion points i and ii are the starting assumptions for our theoretical model whose dynamical patterns are qualitatively insensitive to the details of the cpg design if stretch receptor feedback is sufficiently strong and slow the model reveals that stretch receptor coupling in the body wall is critical for generation of the neuromuscular wave our model agrees with our behavioral dataiii iv and v and with other pertinent published data eg that frequency is an increasing function of muscle gapjunction coupling | [['to', 'establish', 'the', 'relationship', 'between', 'locomotory', 'behavior', 'and', 'dynamics', 'of', 'neural', 'circuits', 'in', 'the', 'nematode', 'c', 'elegans', 'we', 'combined', 'molecular', 'and', 'theoretical', 'approaches', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'quantitatively', 'analyzed', 'the', 'motion', 'of', 'c', 'elegans', 'with', 'defective', 'synaptic', 'gaba', 'and', 'acetylcholine', 'transmission', 'defective', 'muscle', 'calcium', 'signaling', 'and', 'defective', 'muscles', 'and', 'cuticle', 'structures', 'and', 'compared', 'the', 'data', 'with', 'our', 'systems', 'level', 'circuit', 'model', 'the', 'major', 'experimental', 'findings', 'are', 'i', 'anteriortoposterior', 'gradients', 'of', 'body', 'bending', 'flex', 'for', 'almost', 'all', 'strains', 'both', 'for', 'forward', 'and', 'backward', 'motion', 'and', 'for', 'neuronal', 'mutants', 'also', 'analogous', 'weak', 'gradients', 'of', 'undulatory', 'frequency', 'ii', 'existence', 'of', 'some', 'form', 'of', 'neuromuscular', 'stretch', 'receptor', 'feedback', 'iii', 'invariance', 'of', 'neuromuscular', 'wavelength', 'iv', 'biphasic', 'dependence', 'of', 'frequency', 'on', 'synaptic', 'signaling', 'and', 'v', 'decrease', 'of', 'frequency', 'with', 'increase', 'of', 'the', 'muscle', 'time', 'constant', 'based', 'on', 'i', 'we', 'hypothesize', 'that', 'the', 'central', 'pattern', 'generator', 'cpg', 'is', 'located', 'in', 'the', 'head', 'both', 'for', 'forward', 'and', 'backward', 'motion', 'points', 'i', 'and', 'ii', 'are', 'the', 'starting', 'assumptions', 'for', 'our', 'theoretical', 'model', 'whose', 'dynamical', 'patterns', 'are', 'qualitatively', 'insensitive', 'to', 'the', 'details', 'of', 'the', 'cpg', 'design', 'if', 'stretch', 'receptor', 'feedback', 'is', 'sufficiently', 'strong', 'and', 'slow', 'the', 'model', 'reveals', 'that', 'stretch', 'receptor', 'coupling', 'in', 'the', 'body', 'wall', 'is', 'critical', 'for', 'generation', 'of', 'the', 'neuromuscular', 'wave', 'our', 'model', 'agrees', 'with', 'our', 'behavioral', 'dataiii', 'iv', 'and', 'v', 'and', 'with', 'other', 'pertinent', 'published', 'data', 'eg', 'that', 'frequency', 'is', 'an', 'increasing', 'function', 'of', 'muscle', 'gapjunction', 'coupling']] | [-0.1250924926547596, 0.11530291030163177, -0.0032162708589306616, -0.017957087431825072, -0.06587483562192663, -0.20541255730270955, 0.06869003395211477, 0.4193747511240223, -0.2646546923936989, -0.22851093763707098, 0.03928555838870385, -0.2695094720749718, -0.2331490805988007, 0.1776555691382105, -0.054421961895243516, 0.021032618492070405, 0.05087430824896087, 0.013661427497207331, 0.05613641162189585, -0.14413717239959234, 0.24585662097034214, 0.039142878849207044, 0.3137884359757543, 0.03294954388628053, 0.10696755794065672, -0.03723212294403611, 0.005167608779120682, 0.01670702339954149, -0.1117608400091151, 0.12680660797198948, 0.21952364073311376, 0.12912696535957544, 0.23799245578076872, -0.46278902582848847, -0.19959802652241473, 0.05357855931847533, 0.13087278698376914, 0.12899292600936038, -0.029215107989366194, -0.25229650530307696, 0.08887658687872557, -0.09464565686274336, -0.11402338517097436, -0.03491159977539061, 0.08908849205649437, 0.10870199049249483, -0.2691939792509646, 0.12691451303159823, 0.04289883951744217, 0.121930352941418, -0.10294660646878676, -0.09609809005427859, -0.07112451090266116, 0.16039109422460132, 0.055502325495384995, 0.04151053910642669, 0.20533379336684687, -0.14836533860988618, -0.08889529893625044, 0.3343786011298191, -0.05209976930267666, -0.1761003188575548, 0.21435058560111614, -0.13302981316948942, -0.09753834904635136, 0.13133851579074554, 0.1493794204675416, 0.04065599418342696, -0.1252969099138966, 0.022529444620854298, 0.029725437005430497, 0.17886952433113568, 0.0708648621028757, -0.010437518248482226, 0.12224589884978625, 0.19933593654615336, -0.00205257704218907, 0.07975486801482844, -0.11987376427544601, -0.07537477465740319, -0.305301564970743, -0.1137155185700784, -0.10135539016421753, 0.012134858961142744, -0.11789433148370067, -0.16530409034383628, 0.40742572507049707, 0.1067117087600449, 0.1982614325886666, 0.10493089310467932, 0.2412838236703681, 0.04783468913401801, 0.0697665412536933, 0.043210142546452356, 0.22434677163999023, 0.11401795494033738, 0.11101698520745147, -0.3354857833768828, 0.13578642723930073, -0.0012279428810389951] |
708.1795 | Suppression of spin-polarization in graphene nanoribbon by edge defect
and impurity | We investigate the effect of edge defects (vacancies) and impurities
(substitutional dopants) on the robustness of spin-polarization in graphene
nanoribbons (GNRs) with zigzag edges, using density-functional-theory
calculations. We found that the stability of the spin state and its magnetic
moments decrease continuously with increasing concentration of defects or
impurities. The system generally becomes non-magnetic at the concentration of
one edge defect (impurity) per 10 angstrom. The spin suppression is shown to be
caused by reduction and removal of edge states at the Fermi energy. Our
analysis implies an important criterion on the GNR samples for spintronics
applications.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | we investigate the effect of edge defects vacancies and impurities substitutional dopants on the robustness of spinpolarization in graphene nanoribbons gnrs with zigzag edges using densityfunctionaltheory calculations we found that the stability of the spin state and its magnetic moments decrease continuously with increasing concentration of defects or impurities the system generally becomes nonmagnetic at the concentration of one edge defect impurity per 10 angstrom the spin suppression is shown to be caused by reduction and removal of edge states at the fermi energy our analysis implies an important criterion on the gnr samples for spintronics applications | [['we', 'investigate', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'edge', 'defects', 'vacancies', 'and', 'impurities', 'substitutional', 'dopants', 'on', 'the', 'robustness', 'of', 'spinpolarization', 'in', 'graphene', 'nanoribbons', 'gnrs', 'with', 'zigzag', 'edges', 'using', 'densityfunctionaltheory', 'calculations', 'we', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'stability', 'of', 'the', 'spin', 'state', 'and', 'its', 'magnetic', 'moments', 'decrease', 'continuously', 'with', 'increasing', 'concentration', 'of', 'defects', 'or', 'impurities', 'the', 'system', 'generally', 'becomes', 'nonmagnetic', 'at', 'the', 'concentration', 'of', 'one', 'edge', 'defect', 'impurity', 'per', '10', 'angstrom', 'the', 'spin', 'suppression', 'is', 'shown', 'to', 'be', 'caused', 'by', 'reduction', 'and', 'removal', 'of', 'edge', 'states', 'at', 'the', 'fermi', 'energy', 'our', 'analysis', 'implies', 'an', 'important', 'criterion', 'on', 'the', 'gnr', 'samples', 'for', 'spintronics', 'applications']] | [-0.150945325846515, 0.17999527652489294, 0.028257384032164653, 0.020919456519906593, 0.06961069614014387, -0.15458262900428213, 0.11147971347588853, 0.4336658391583058, -0.26563052808117005, -0.31365472548785284, -0.0031959382281878715, -0.40562777399786354, -0.09976592050029982, 0.0812245397924532, 0.021061203281692777, 0.008975460846337116, 0.051997458562254906, -0.054116841033581144, -0.0715156769855236, -0.2669119926303932, 0.2695320388302207, 0.08409143929590576, 0.33746123254616006, 0.174257398712612, -0.040210384592373694, 0.06202493535988417, 0.12125396560433503, 0.06274437811225653, -0.1377510022803014, 0.08812879232063256, 0.22160344536070586, -0.13902278718797817, 0.21443300329859263, -0.49966535772936244, -0.19354946898853348, -0.01062494296503743, 0.1422735665992056, 0.20920084376540996, -0.09124910185286372, -0.29217845667153597, 0.11314501338782385, -0.09552813165811534, -0.13846345214394026, -0.03679697703301292, 0.01871769573808331, -0.01067846243212134, -0.22677781993580848, 0.10355212477986346, 0.07266801965576548, 0.08032069906534461, -0.11604874860135282, -0.15879171958418814, -0.16590388511192322, 0.012818563511095865, 0.05031824197629755, 0.024093301025862546, 0.26944324501415656, -0.12385855735934906, -0.12218259846234751, 0.3377982191933492, -0.0211548728858764, -0.10101623864863644, 0.15992719523090215, -0.15413733760432638, -0.08514854329225328, 0.16070085948275536, 0.09148348564493287, 0.09832108783122805, -0.07348199819032218, 0.06367042920247354, 0.046792699120093866, 0.17420498292758754, 0.06333121505671556, 0.1157526387569024, 0.25429121195578697, 0.1856788930305539, 0.15922419191098092, 0.14521153878838247, -0.1799511583185918, 0.015844942248167144, -0.1824879681057844, -0.2212969836462097, -0.26781769645083503, 0.0627346153181411, -0.10123808836500213, -0.20611794300217748, 0.4275660546611726, 0.1523864297484307, 0.16615037789049836, -0.08832719786687918, 0.20331275657049774, 0.14988765831599876, 0.09359761933824912, 0.030283653582974347, 0.19234068749338082, 0.2005611375075064, 0.07143146593421314, -0.30941177559440436, 0.09922213213921514, 0.0020748770522126523] |
708.1796 | The Infrared Astronomical Mission AKARI | AKARI, the first Japanese satellite dedicated to infrared astronomy, was
launched on 2006 February 21, and started observations in May of the same year.
AKARI has a 68.5 cm cooled telescope, together with two focal-plane
instruments, which survey the sky in six wavelength bands from the mid- to
far-infrared. The instruments also have the capability for imaging and
spectroscopy in the wavelength range 2 - 180 micron in the pointed observation
mode, occasionally inserted into the continuous survey operation. The in-orbit
cryogen lifetime is expected to be one and a half years. The All-Sky Survey
will cover more than 90 percent of the whole sky with higher spatial resolution
and wider wavelength coverage than that of the previous IRAS all-sky survey.
Point source catalogues of the All-Sky Survey will be released to the
astronomical community. The pointed observations will be used for deep surveys
of selected sky areas and systematic observations of important astronomical
targets. These will become an additional future heritage of this mission.
| astro-ph | akari the first japanese satellite dedicated to infrared astronomy was launched on 2006 february 21 and started observations in may of the same year akari has a 685 cm cooled telescope together with two focalplane instruments which survey the sky in six wavelength bands from the mid to farinfrared the instruments also have the capability for imaging and spectroscopy in the wavelength range 2 180 micron in the pointed observation mode occasionally inserted into the continuous survey operation the inorbit cryogen lifetime is expected to be one and a half years the allsky survey will cover more than 90 percent of the whole sky with higher spatial resolution and wider wavelength coverage than that of the previous iras allsky survey point source catalogues of the allsky survey will be released to the astronomical community the pointed observations will be used for deep surveys of selected sky areas and systematic observations of important astronomical targets these will become an additional future heritage of this mission | [['akari', 'the', 'first', 'japanese', 'satellite', 'dedicated', 'to', 'infrared', 'astronomy', 'was', 'launched', 'on', '2006', 'february', '21', 'and', 'started', 'observations', 'in', 'may', 'of', 'the', 'same', 'year', 'akari', 'has', 'a', '685', 'cm', 'cooled', 'telescope', 'together', 'with', 'two', 'focalplane', 'instruments', 'which', 'survey', 'the', 'sky', 'in', 'six', 'wavelength', 'bands', 'from', 'the', 'mid', 'to', 'farinfrared', 'the', 'instruments', 'also', 'have', 'the', 'capability', 'for', 'imaging', 'and', 'spectroscopy', 'in', 'the', 'wavelength', 'range', '2', '180', 'micron', 'in', 'the', 'pointed', 'observation', 'mode', 'occasionally', 'inserted', 'into', 'the', 'continuous', 'survey', 'operation', 'the', 'inorbit', 'cryogen', 'lifetime', 'is', 'expected', 'to', 'be', 'one', 'and', 'a', 'half', 'years', 'the', 'allsky', 'survey', 'will', 'cover', 'more', 'than', '90', 'percent', 'of', 'the', 'whole', 'sky', 'with', 'higher', 'spatial', 'resolution', 'and', 'wider', 'wavelength', 'coverage', 'than', 'that', 'of', 'the', 'previous', 'iras', 'allsky', 'survey', 'point', 'source', 'catalogues', 'of', 'the', 'allsky', 'survey', 'will', 'be', 'released', 'to', 'the', 'astronomical', 'community', 'the', 'pointed', 'observations', 'will', 'be', 'used', 'for', 'deep', 'surveys', 'of', 'selected', 'sky', 'areas', 'and', 'systematic', 'observations', 'of', 'important', 'astronomical', 'targets', 'these', 'will', 'become', 'an', 'additional', 'future', 'heritage', 'of', 'this', 'mission']] | [-0.060294086331495925, 0.09903717270589835, -0.08646413121548505, 0.04391932120424605, -0.13405716721615868, -0.03327302926038278, 0.04438507957838294, 0.4332232828331521, -0.18015162684321517, -0.3637886432073329, 0.1843411442809511, -0.3591453788103536, -0.005791967388287913, 0.2476403369588164, -0.03900981862552282, -0.010241376046906225, 0.10179027094148672, -0.12248179424701758, 0.008516112122423493, -0.31967214618031525, 0.18566959864025503, 0.20138319850194397, 0.2397869710992204, -0.04724802619709474, 0.08123426140206526, -0.040533423372657924, -0.18167454135467911, -0.031279468164983684, -0.14465263406409798, 0.06770344563793936, 0.3481379260377186, 0.15380277892250976, 0.24837503847651887, -0.34827384612879364, -0.19788873204734267, 0.08393709734153207, 0.1294023598112711, -0.00759026249686097, 0.04156067520094306, -0.3383747053094117, 0.013217148705734871, -0.1814319970194114, -0.17625551083318253, 0.0557412125848847, 0.054892945052238136, 0.038222087368300954, -0.15315340542115224, -0.029646718228788102, -0.0449268751402908, 0.1494755326463591, -0.15341271603161968, -0.14134974633457092, -0.05001760870232474, 0.1352006668855277, -0.04295420016143641, 0.12653068026950834, 0.09237394044488077, -0.14998641186649342, -0.04065763749886395, 0.36493755031445224, -0.08203107517133836, 0.05330294561884707, 0.14933038130402565, -0.2483423951354514, -0.18305309351658586, 0.19009114086000453, 0.15074222901461237, 0.08875023761037283, -0.20009044278696997, 0.022857356625935632, 0.006456672279277771, 0.25551575891444284, 0.10863835786514711, 0.09022734294611416, 0.32466972220359686, 0.15458184862282218, 0.11888815784151098, 0.1358740585891632, -0.34441737834188135, -0.022315100246398687, -0.25205792113570724, -0.08364058111648064, -0.14187928658208054, 0.08232939499856268, -0.017555106700544967, -0.04186943153568214, 0.3825891081345972, 0.18601024223607965, 0.10702727731777265, -0.00011815240524323067, 0.32985202298022626, -0.011768506456552663, 0.1658190342586306, -0.027544300228062018, 0.3616285086950151, 0.03291622976425193, 0.18796196732408843, -0.07189933402128745, -0.05362436817334283, -0.037333947087484755] |
708.1797 | Flight Performance of the AKARI Cryogenic System | We describe the flight performance of the cryogenic system of the infrared
astronomical satellite AKARI, which was successfully launched on 2006 February
21 (UT). AKARI carries a 68.5 cm telescope together with two focal plane
instruments, Infrared Cameras (IRC) and Far Infrared Surveyor (FIS), all of
which are cooled down to cryogenic temperature to achieve superior sensitivity.
The AKARI cryogenic system is a unique hybrid system, which consists of cryogen
(liquid helium) and mechanical coolers (2-stage Stirling coolers). With the
help of the mechanical coolers, 179 L (26.0 kg) of super-fluid liquid helium
can keep the instruments cryogenically cooled for more than 500 days. The
on-orbit performance of the AKARI cryogenics is consistent with the design and
pre-flight test, and the boil-off gas flow rate is as small as 0.32 mg/s. We
observed the increase of the major axis of the AKARI orbit, which can be
explained by the thrust due to thermal pressure of vented helium gas.
| astro-ph | we describe the flight performance of the cryogenic system of the infrared astronomical satellite akari which was successfully launched on 2006 february 21 ut akari carries a 685 cm telescope together with two focal plane instruments infrared cameras irc and far infrared surveyor fis all of which are cooled down to cryogenic temperature to achieve superior sensitivity the akari cryogenic system is a unique hybrid system which consists of cryogen liquid helium and mechanical coolers 2stage stirling coolers with the help of the mechanical coolers 179 l 260 kg of superfluid liquid helium can keep the instruments cryogenically cooled for more than 500 days the onorbit performance of the akari cryogenics is consistent with the design and preflight test and the boiloff gas flow rate is as small as 032 mgs we observed the increase of the major axis of the akari orbit which can be explained by the thrust due to thermal pressure of vented helium gas | [['we', 'describe', 'the', 'flight', 'performance', 'of', 'the', 'cryogenic', 'system', 'of', 'the', 'infrared', 'astronomical', 'satellite', 'akari', 'which', 'was', 'successfully', 'launched', 'on', '2006', 'february', '21', 'ut', 'akari', 'carries', 'a', '685', 'cm', 'telescope', 'together', 'with', 'two', 'focal', 'plane', 'instruments', 'infrared', 'cameras', 'irc', 'and', 'far', 'infrared', 'surveyor', 'fis', 'all', 'of', 'which', 'are', 'cooled', 'down', 'to', 'cryogenic', 'temperature', 'to', 'achieve', 'superior', 'sensitivity', 'the', 'akari', 'cryogenic', 'system', 'is', 'a', 'unique', 'hybrid', 'system', 'which', 'consists', 'of', 'cryogen', 'liquid', 'helium', 'and', 'mechanical', 'coolers', '2stage', 'stirling', 'coolers', 'with', 'the', 'help', 'of', 'the', 'mechanical', 'coolers', '179', 'l', '260', 'kg', 'of', 'superfluid', 'liquid', 'helium', 'can', 'keep', 'the', 'instruments', 'cryogenically', 'cooled', 'for', 'more', 'than', '500', 'days', 'the', 'onorbit', 'performance', 'of', 'the', 'akari', 'cryogenics', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'the', 'design', 'and', 'preflight', 'test', 'and', 'the', 'boiloff', 'gas', 'flow', 'rate', 'is', 'as', 'small', 'as', '032', 'mgs', 'we', 'observed', 'the', 'increase', 'of', 'the', 'major', 'axis', 'of', 'the', 'akari', 'orbit', 'which', 'can', 'be', 'explained', 'by', 'the', 'thrust', 'due', 'to', 'thermal', 'pressure', 'of', 'vented', 'helium', 'gas']] | [-0.0991877763756091, 0.17893864269828116, -0.07655681982707185, -0.02865041960513402, -0.0562570009327529, -0.11007165807576355, 0.029644901784655602, 0.37132412087337313, -0.17653174054458196, -0.37801000551811326, 0.12100341566948845, -0.3383334928598915, -0.009617369280114203, 0.2549325679384667, -0.07399820240915907, 0.030658021940602156, 0.03718520134424568, -0.07381725963647183, -0.03435058575830882, -0.26097403907385075, 0.1789314588811838, 0.1747781714731002, 0.2546238959427994, -0.016741130848804228, 0.16607349436240906, -0.08971176582795297, -0.011077919491578507, -0.027747266448421192, -0.11994626116202083, 0.015346558573007395, 0.2705646906610979, 0.03882411132342642, 0.18813773986509164, -0.38323194532997057, -0.15945017243340565, 0.06275144853935682, 0.052074256379605284, -0.050311017548665404, 0.027625679941328474, -0.28292778626237586, 0.03296058857224033, -0.2130525106257653, -0.18100526753836607, -0.005805271506733909, -0.02005843960685962, 0.041003657522231125, -0.20172377234277658, -0.005243289766279108, -0.014159771206599359, 0.12866656965564324, -0.12266225309134755, -0.14014928671310337, -0.07210787221615474, 0.09157798693609671, -0.044522680443876625, 0.08166466072301934, 0.23440481131878693, -0.09526337696168619, -0.007127763349798661, 0.3853700217099041, -0.09873992844333333, 0.04275605201579725, 0.19247783515661296, -0.18174988066459286, -0.07459090542802706, 0.23846319507029426, 0.12496339388286011, 0.062381678623371295, -0.20324032161903532, 0.022140805352379014, -0.00024366243211906168, 0.2406989863522563, 0.12121756345953179, 0.06379084575838775, 0.3037312768570654, 0.21371406865456508, 0.041286931320128936, 0.16721967101477297, -0.26279117217835607, -0.015037862005602285, -0.23135334178599046, -0.17947892602857296, -0.13399251551467548, 0.059405028691833624, -0.03652472702360453, -0.07953744483934834, 0.3108508616061056, 0.15827723139826255, 0.10419454143376715, -0.024772164404474765, 0.37044275234323704, 0.051146087443008074, 0.11798236286857083, 0.03127169376533903, 0.336780035709137, 0.09989789982556212, 0.1770153563175663, -0.25315422908685914, -0.03071652317443226, 0.00950683173104602] |
708.1798 | Theory of oxidation/reduction-induced chromium ion valence
transformations in Cr,Ca:YAG crystals | In their paper [Opt. Mater. 24, 333, 2003], Feldman et al conducted an
experimental study of the dynamics of chromium ion valence transformations in
Cr,Ca:YAG crystals among the trivalent Cr3+ state, and two tetravalent Cr4+
ones, of octahedral and tetrahedral coordination. The temperatures used ranged
between ~800 and 1,000 C. The basic effects are the transition of Cr3+ into
Cr4+ under high-temperature annealing in an oxidizing atmosphere, and the
reverse transition under a reducing atmosphere, or in vacuum. In the present
theory, we interpret the processes by oxygen-vacancy diffusion in the bulk of
the YAG. The quasi-chemical reaction VO2- + Cr4+ = Cr3+/VO- between the
chromium ions and the vacancies VO2- is responsible for the valence
transformations. Dynamical analysis provides profiles of the Cr3+ and Cr4+
concentrations in the crystal during oxidation and during reduction. Reaction
rate profiles are also calculated, establishing the reaction front position and
width. A comparison with existing experimental results on the integrated Cr4+
concentration as a function of time during oxidation [Opt. Mater. 24, 333,
2003] shows reasonable agreement.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | in their paper opt mater 24 333 2003 feldman et al conducted an experimental study of the dynamics of chromium ion valence transformations in crcayag crystals among the trivalent cr3 state and two tetravalent cr4 ones of octahedral and tetrahedral coordination the temperatures used ranged between 800 and 1000 c the basic effects are the transition of cr3 into cr4 under hightemperature annealing in an oxidizing atmosphere and the reverse transition under a reducing atmosphere or in vacuum in the present theory we interpret the processes by oxygenvacancy diffusion in the bulk of the yag the quasichemical reaction vo2 cr4 cr3vo between the chromium ions and the vacancies vo2 is responsible for the valence transformations dynamical analysis provides profiles of the cr3 and cr4 concentrations in the crystal during oxidation and during reduction reaction rate profiles are also calculated establishing the reaction front position and width a comparison with existing experimental results on the integrated cr4 concentration as a function of time during oxidation opt mater 24 333 2003 shows reasonable agreement | [['in', 'their', 'paper', 'opt', 'mater', '24', '333', '2003', 'feldman', 'et', 'al', 'conducted', 'an', 'experimental', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'dynamics', 'of', 'chromium', 'ion', 'valence', 'transformations', 'in', 'crcayag', 'crystals', 'among', 'the', 'trivalent', 'cr3', 'state', 'and', 'two', 'tetravalent', 'cr4', 'ones', 'of', 'octahedral', 'and', 'tetrahedral', 'coordination', 'the', 'temperatures', 'used', 'ranged', 'between', '800', 'and', '1000', 'c', 'the', 'basic', 'effects', 'are', 'the', 'transition', 'of', 'cr3', 'into', 'cr4', 'under', 'hightemperature', 'annealing', 'in', 'an', 'oxidizing', 'atmosphere', 'and', 'the', 'reverse', 'transition', 'under', 'a', 'reducing', 'atmosphere', 'or', 'in', 'vacuum', 'in', 'the', 'present', 'theory', 'we', 'interpret', 'the', 'processes', 'by', 'oxygenvacancy', 'diffusion', 'in', 'the', 'bulk', 'of', 'the', 'yag', 'the', 'quasichemical', 'reaction', 'vo2', 'cr4', 'cr3vo', 'between', 'the', 'chromium', 'ions', 'and', 'the', 'vacancies', 'vo2', 'is', 'responsible', 'for', 'the', 'valence', 'transformations', 'dynamical', 'analysis', 'provides', 'profiles', 'of', 'the', 'cr3', 'and', 'cr4', 'concentrations', 'in', 'the', 'crystal', 'during', 'oxidation', 'and', 'during', 'reduction', 'reaction', 'rate', 'profiles', 'are', 'also', 'calculated', 'establishing', 'the', 'reaction', 'front', 'position', 'and', 'width', 'a', 'comparison', 'with', 'existing', 'experimental', 'results', 'on', 'the', 'integrated', 'cr4', 'concentration', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'time', 'during', 'oxidation', 'opt', 'mater', '24', '333', '2003', 'shows', 'reasonable', 'agreement']] | [-0.062097176693051176, 0.21074224493949098, 0.02267804499801166, -0.010908399290158688, 0.07061404720606172, -0.10750861679655774, 0.1124261532430811, 0.4070122944738935, -0.22813152097275152, -0.35363674695220065, -0.0055155162576257305, -0.34613330686355337, -0.07326119534178253, 0.10601544597542242, 0.020014514032450012, 0.0007355793913388077, -0.004028664973071393, -0.06493700877660612, -0.07786507775445524, -0.24312699397423249, 0.1994749441222452, 0.10347047070424785, 0.3084168209803893, 0.09200687929371591, 0.019586186541025254, 0.0061149776985129235, 0.06173114865360891, -0.035644310919622724, -0.16002103766316877, 0.07572620576384533, 0.253483426387367, 0.0056016056743614815, 0.1724474525079131, -0.4577154081010496, -0.18690941620289403, -0.011207988943137667, 0.07048860835733221, 0.12971389181689386, -0.09078111037242172, -0.25648602471303417, 0.016709487409303513, -0.12762663510682828, -0.08392437706865809, -0.029042459610740052, 0.04182485574034645, 0.012519049374660586, -0.2701929644736297, 0.11643288435760256, 0.06748976705318509, 0.14611637157881086, -0.1421681553234949, -0.17414607426343376, -0.1334069257848622, 0.05571989895885482, 0.002519270754419267, 0.03690071961592527, 0.1952881371766767, -0.03990243251216324, -0.08952582636300255, 0.402840864647399, -0.07459428921574726, -0.030959631812156125, 0.19706214088124827, -0.11721636037725736, -0.11273857512346962, 0.19987899727900238, 0.11057422398007474, 0.1249619825688355, -0.13991618077270687, 0.059751039184629914, 0.019331200034631527, 0.1936484411411263, 0.1208130165186423, -0.001416591099875993, 0.1324016404858626, 0.15379870521822286, -0.017608736537616042, 0.14871188395062584, -0.10614253258579137, -0.07747987797381083, -0.21616355116095612, -0.2082074724137783, -0.12235026232733884, 0.02623594014919089, -0.10261264491264763, -0.12531714307842776, 0.3604857279426035, 0.09475204296519651, 0.1657218270599568, -0.0827850497327745, 0.15184213620720102, 0.04708271478645175, 0.009267925043069922, 0.06502998685190345, 0.257651465605287, 0.17890629475826728, 0.167923954307266, -0.2979964655687046, 0.1256904732696164, 0.044040575735818814] |
708.1799 | Shock Waves in Nanomechanical Resonators | The dream of every surfer is an extremely steep wave propagating at the
highest speed possible. The best waves for this would be shock waves, but are
very hard to surf. In the nanoscopic world the same is true: the surfers in
this case are electrons riding through nanomechanical devices on acoustic waves
[1]. Naturally, this has a broad range of applications in sensor technology and
for communication electronics for which the combination of an electronic and a
mechanical degree of freedom is essential. But this is also of interest for
fundamental aspects of nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS), when it comes to
quantum limited displacement detection [2] and the control of phonon number
states [3]. Here, we study the formation of shock waves in a NEMS resonator
with an embedded two-dimensional electron gas using surface acoustic waves. The
mechanical displacement of the nano-resonator is read out via the induced
acoustoelectric current. Applying acoustical standing waves we are able to
determine the anomalous acoustocurrent. This current is only found in the
regime of shock wave formation. We ontain very good agreement with model
calculations.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | the dream of every surfer is an extremely steep wave propagating at the highest speed possible the best waves for this would be shock waves but are very hard to surf in the nanoscopic world the same is true the surfers in this case are electrons riding through nanomechanical devices on acoustic waves 1 naturally this has a broad range of applications in sensor technology and for communication electronics for which the combination of an electronic and a mechanical degree of freedom is essential but this is also of interest for fundamental aspects of nanoelectromechanical systems nems when it comes to quantum limited displacement detection 2 and the control of phonon number states 3 here we study the formation of shock waves in a nems resonator with an embedded twodimensional electron gas using surface acoustic waves the mechanical displacement of the nanoresonator is read out via the induced acoustoelectric current applying acoustical standing waves we are able to determine the anomalous acoustocurrent this current is only found in the regime of shock wave formation we ontain very good agreement with model calculations | [['the', 'dream', 'of', 'every', 'surfer', 'is', 'an', 'extremely', 'steep', 'wave', 'propagating', 'at', 'the', 'highest', 'speed', 'possible', 'the', 'best', 'waves', 'for', 'this', 'would', 'be', 'shock', 'waves', 'but', 'are', 'very', 'hard', 'to', 'surf', 'in', 'the', 'nanoscopic', 'world', 'the', 'same', 'is', 'true', 'the', 'surfers', 'in', 'this', 'case', 'are', 'electrons', 'riding', 'through', 'nanomechanical', 'devices', 'on', 'acoustic', 'waves', '1', 'naturally', 'this', 'has', 'a', 'broad', 'range', 'of', 'applications', 'in', 'sensor', 'technology', 'and', 'for', 'communication', 'electronics', 'for', 'which', 'the', 'combination', 'of', 'an', 'electronic', 'and', 'a', 'mechanical', 'degree', 'of', 'freedom', 'is', 'essential', 'but', 'this', 'is', 'also', 'of', 'interest', 'for', 'fundamental', 'aspects', 'of', 'nanoelectromechanical', 'systems', 'nems', 'when', 'it', 'comes', 'to', 'quantum', 'limited', 'displacement', 'detection', '2', 'and', 'the', 'control', 'of', 'phonon', 'number', 'states', '3', 'here', 'we', 'study', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'shock', 'waves', 'in', 'a', 'nems', 'resonator', 'with', 'an', 'embedded', 'twodimensional', 'electron', 'gas', 'using', 'surface', 'acoustic', 'waves', 'the', 'mechanical', 'displacement', 'of', 'the', 'nanoresonator', 'is', 'read', 'out', 'via', 'the', 'induced', 'acoustoelectric', 'current', 'applying', 'acoustical', 'standing', 'waves', 'we', 'are', 'able', 'to', 'determine', 'the', 'anomalous', 'acoustocurrent', 'this', 'current', 'is', 'only', 'found', 'in', 'the', 'regime', 'of', 'shock', 'wave', 'formation', 'we', 'ontain', 'very', 'good', 'agreement', 'with', 'model', 'calculations']] | [-0.168260940022689, 0.1772879833079868, -0.026584361289213928, 0.008109677211096924, -0.07901389509853389, -0.126549609297783, 0.0035140156228509216, 0.3725680560662618, -0.2711750255923511, -0.2642831072469966, 0.07597437991126854, -0.2964079009136185, -0.14277075881448884, 0.25338283544923695, -0.016058070826370063, 0.05637643293270634, 0.04803263027052809, 0.0067937602340761155, 0.008205157171404506, -0.15614887775801536, 0.25115050949389117, 0.08677760033105086, 0.3038297081650752, 0.07336546909646131, 0.11736546949121274, -0.011619517284755906, 0.05750307589575338, -0.016323211824055762, -0.11160669210366905, 0.10034909592650365, 0.29468698121167514, 0.04632485773569594, 0.2633508178573619, -0.4767341948442562, -0.2538893471633653, 0.04214056285951907, 0.1557027918027921, 0.1601968247863826, -0.05737868609333721, -0.2582567230656019, 0.06723931188850353, -0.14203638401498514, -0.14099670436820208, -0.021655304158209928, 0.04333394484904905, 0.028301554818689408, -0.19841328741361697, 0.06132540970688246, 0.024247315826101436, 0.026292551850484517, -0.05122866681105936, -0.029588877702028386, -0.01431757650958995, 0.10298197217909749, 0.02068844624833825, 0.04131633125167961, 0.16866620341283528, -0.17182714713142358, -0.08431409595844647, 0.41519688518924847, -0.04439905926119536, -0.1680481133503943, 0.23250566605840706, -0.16552431630552747, -0.05921497680699556, 0.1527792100303082, 0.16693791646426284, 0.07452892914471805, -0.13082684976891162, 0.02880701780894823, -0.005249076553769151, 0.17753218682094787, 0.10119031890515341, 0.05881224495011945, 0.26222101298109113, 0.22009374520663794, 0.0481747852715974, 0.10978627047022908, -0.11098790660681616, -0.0023428931680326867, -0.28581756106060413, -0.16094974846605004, -0.19951892458807885, 0.057138941706539804, -0.05227118914456999, -0.1705411167957613, 0.41783521475477353, 0.14084301772139346, 0.11661779711010038, -0.02298309881718726, 0.3014499903604802, 0.13444703188595467, 0.05040807683641712, 0.06727438137814816, 0.31544834166868696, 0.15846066005631454, 0.10764907110068533, -0.22486943445530616, 0.02779727246767531, -0.03861501628998667] |
708.18 | Confirming the Detection of an Intergalactic X-ray Absorber Toward PKS
2155-304 | We present new observations on PKS 2155-304 with the Chandra Low Energy
Transmission Grating Spectrometer (LETG), using the Advanced CCD Imaging
Spectrometer (ACIS). We confirm the detection of an absorption line plausibly
identified as OVIII Ly-alpha from the warm-hot intergalactic medium associated
with a small group of galaxies along the line of sight, as originally reported
by Fang et al. 2002 (here after FANG02). Combining the previous observations in
FANG02 and five new, long observations on the same target, we increase the
total exposure time by a factor of three, and the total counts per resolution
element by a factor of five. The measured line equivalent width is smaller than
that observed in FANG02, but still consistent at 90% confidence. We also
analyze the XMM-Newton observations on the same target, as well as observations
using the Chandra LETG and the High Resolution Camera (HRC) combination. These
observations have been used to challenge our reported detection. While no line
is seen in either the XMM-Newton and the Chandra LETG+HRC data, we find that
our result is consistent with the upper limits from both data sets. We
attribute the non-detection to (1) higher quality of the Chandra LETG+ACIS
spectrum, and (2) the rather extended wings of the line spread functions of
both the XMM RGS and the Chandra LETG+HRC. We discuss the implication of our
observation on the temperature and density of the absorber. We also confirm the
detection of z ~ 0 OVII absorption and, comparing with previous Chandra
analysis, we obtain much tighter constraints on the line properties.
| astro-ph | we present new observations on pks 2155304 with the chandra low energy transmission grating spectrometer letg using the advanced ccd imaging spectrometer acis we confirm the detection of an absorption line plausibly identified as oviii lyalpha from the warmhot intergalactic medium associated with a small group of galaxies along the line of sight as originally reported by fang et al 2002 here after fang02 combining the previous observations in fang02 and five new long observations on the same target we increase the total exposure time by a factor of three and the total counts per resolution element by a factor of five the measured line equivalent width is smaller than that observed in fang02 but still consistent at 90 confidence we also analyze the xmmnewton observations on the same target as well as observations using the chandra letg and the high resolution camera hrc combination these observations have been used to challenge our reported detection while no line is seen in either the xmmnewton and the chandra letghrc data we find that our result is consistent with the upper limits from both data sets we attribute the nondetection to 1 higher quality of the chandra letgacis spectrum and 2 the rather extended wings of the line spread functions of both the xmm rgs and the chandra letghrc we discuss the implication of our observation on the temperature and density of the absorber we also confirm the detection of z 0 ovii absorption and comparing with previous chandra analysis we obtain much tighter constraints on the line properties | [['we', 'present', 'new', 'observations', 'on', 'pks', '2155304', 'with', 'the', 'chandra', 'low', 'energy', 'transmission', 'grating', 'spectrometer', 'letg', 'using', 'the', 'advanced', 'ccd', 'imaging', 'spectrometer', 'acis', 'we', 'confirm', 'the', 'detection', 'of', 'an', 'absorption', 'line', 'plausibly', 'identified', 'as', 'oviii', 'lyalpha', 'from', 'the', 'warmhot', 'intergalactic', 'medium', 'associated', 'with', 'a', 'small', 'group', 'of', 'galaxies', 'along', 'the', 'line', 'of', 'sight', 'as', 'originally', 'reported', 'by', 'fang', 'et', 'al', '2002', 'here', 'after', 'fang02', 'combining', 'the', 'previous', 'observations', 'in', 'fang02', 'and', 'five', 'new', 'long', 'observations', 'on', 'the', 'same', 'target', 'we', 'increase', 'the', 'total', 'exposure', 'time', 'by', 'a', 'factor', 'of', 'three', 'and', 'the', 'total', 'counts', 'per', 'resolution', 'element', 'by', 'a', 'factor', 'of', 'five', 'the', 'measured', 'line', 'equivalent', 'width', 'is', 'smaller', 'than', 'that', 'observed', 'in', 'fang02', 'but', 'still', 'consistent', 'at', '90', 'confidence', 'we', 'also', 'analyze', 'the', 'xmmnewton', 'observations', 'on', 'the', 'same', 'target', 'as', 'well', 'as', 'observations', 'using', 'the', 'chandra', 'letg', 'and', 'the', 'high', 'resolution', 'camera', 'hrc', 'combination', 'these', 'observations', 'have', 'been', 'used', 'to', 'challenge', 'our', 'reported', 'detection', 'while', 'no', 'line', 'is', 'seen', 'in', 'either', 'the', 'xmmnewton', 'and', 'the', 'chandra', 'letghrc', 'data', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'our', 'result', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'the', 'upper', 'limits', 'from', 'both', 'data', 'sets', 'we', 'attribute', 'the', 'nondetection', 'to', '1', 'higher', 'quality', 'of', 'the', 'chandra', 'letgacis', 'spectrum', 'and', '2', 'the', 'rather', 'extended', 'wings', 'of', 'the', 'line', 'spread', 'functions', 'of', 'both', 'the', 'xmm', 'rgs', 'and', 'the', 'chandra', 'letghrc', 'we', 'discuss', 'the', 'implication', 'of', 'our', 'observation', 'on', 'the', 'temperature', 'and', 'density', 'of', 'the', 'absorber', 'we', 'also', 'confirm', 'the', 'detection', 'of', 'z', '0', 'ovii', 'absorption', 'and', 'comparing', 'with', 'previous', 'chandra', 'analysis', 'we', 'obtain', 'much', 'tighter', 'constraints', 'on', 'the', 'line', 'properties']] | [-0.059156365060744065, 0.04051659625525872, -0.04920551174291177, 0.0407411160463198, -0.09709855714481819, -0.07665145610917534, 0.07057779031856626, 0.45673649887976353, -0.13588772435196006, -0.38190231120825047, 0.10924835074774819, -0.33552761967803235, -0.03902629144704406, 0.20490845260792412, -0.013968579260108527, 0.007954581778903957, 0.0520671113190474, -0.06507475794023776, -0.03827064145662007, -0.26199857913343294, 0.25826360469864085, 0.13054212921542785, 0.23536601523483114, 0.016549450203456217, 0.09638585464108473, -0.0033660938797765994, -0.11885304106726835, 0.0179183699983696, -0.11578114645664073, 0.08071789856990108, 0.2091811702302948, 0.13220258533010565, 0.19770306093778345, -0.35867822587988485, -0.23000390762854295, 0.019789809101894207, 0.16184328646613722, -0.0014129264591247193, -0.013771147391366867, -0.3420510391242715, 0.04062796811922453, -0.1534122362782, -0.137540625550173, 0.056057406776744756, -0.0005404672556323931, 0.02073753381841925, -0.1813081608202083, 0.09106976942643996, -0.026072274991292943, 0.08359787865867929, -0.15450192517528194, -0.11562043428784818, -0.02678878276674368, 0.04942263937846292, 0.014462579460314373, 0.039591973485585186, 0.09794609271011723, -0.1297503793211945, -0.09184766943508293, 0.33502501768998627, -0.11250088770549382, 0.0022466022307980893, 0.1897609349398408, -0.20120636456886132, -0.21625594593751885, 0.19012676883357926, 0.1132235326404043, 0.11060589210865146, -0.09484687595750074, 0.03491668635081169, -0.08983344660782677, 0.25452700927417027, 0.06018319175746001, 0.04978144015376529, 0.20407884305495827, 0.1070785924653137, 0.038172452600520046, 0.11625085702098659, -0.27920184129311565, 0.02558712643508443, -0.2622181307333449, -0.11189141282989112, -0.14276707811586675, 0.07067473413053449, -0.09517675700180916, -0.07601934632111806, 0.3594667448523978, 0.14884877281292574, 0.2687279764786581, 0.05409252263689268, 0.3407061019624962, 0.12036970417966586, 0.06588792087404727, 0.06457284045518463, 0.3029103753997333, 0.13415291878391145, 0.11677864537614369, -0.1909530418440113, 0.050135845460317796, -0.01806928085079562] |
708.1801 | Polarized Structure of Nucleon in the Valon Representation | We have utilized the concept of valon model to calculate the spin structure
functions of proton, neutron and deuteron. The valon structure itself is
universal and arises from the perturbative dressing of the valence quark in
QCD. Our results agree rather well with all the relevant experimental data on
$g_{1}^{p, n, d}$ and $g_{A}/g_{v}$, and suggests that the sea quark
contribution to the spin of proton is consistent with zero. It also reveals
that while the total quark contribution to the spin of valon is almost constant
at $Q^{2}>=1$ the gluon contribution grows with the increase of $Q^2$ and hence
requiring a sizable negative orbital angular momentum component $L_z$. This
component along with the singlet and non-singlet parts are calculated in the
Next-to-Leading order in QCD. We speculate that gluon contribution to the spin
content of the proton is about 60% for all $Q^2$ values. Finally, we show that
the size of gluon polarization and hence, $L_{z}$, is sensitive to the initial
scale$Q_{0}^{2}$.
| hep-ph | we have utilized the concept of valon model to calculate the spin structure functions of proton neutron and deuteron the valon structure itself is universal and arises from the perturbative dressing of the valence quark in qcd our results agree rather well with all the relevant experimental data on g_1p n d and g_ag_v and suggests that the sea quark contribution to the spin of proton is consistent with zero it also reveals that while the total quark contribution to the spin of valon is almost constant at q21 the gluon contribution grows with the increase of q2 and hence requiring a sizable negative orbital angular momentum component l_z this component along with the singlet and nonsinglet parts are calculated in the nexttoleading order in qcd we speculate that gluon contribution to the spin content of the proton is about 60 for all q2 values finally we show that the size of gluon polarization and hence l_z is sensitive to the initial scaleq_02 | [['we', 'have', 'utilized', 'the', 'concept', 'of', 'valon', 'model', 'to', 'calculate', 'the', 'spin', 'structure', 'functions', 'of', 'proton', 'neutron', 'and', 'deuteron', 'the', 'valon', 'structure', 'itself', 'is', 'universal', 'and', 'arises', 'from', 'the', 'perturbative', 'dressing', 'of', 'the', 'valence', 'quark', 'in', 'qcd', 'our', 'results', 'agree', 'rather', 'well', 'with', 'all', 'the', 'relevant', 'experimental', 'data', 'on', 'g_1p', 'n', 'd', 'and', 'g_ag_v', 'and', 'suggests', 'that', 'the', 'sea', 'quark', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'spin', 'of', 'proton', 'is', 'consistent', 'with', 'zero', 'it', 'also', 'reveals', 'that', 'while', 'the', 'total', 'quark', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'spin', 'of', 'valon', 'is', 'almost', 'constant', 'at', 'q21', 'the', 'gluon', 'contribution', 'grows', 'with', 'the', 'increase', 'of', 'q2', 'and', 'hence', 'requiring', 'a', 'sizable', 'negative', 'orbital', 'angular', 'momentum', 'component', 'l_z', 'this', 'component', 'along', 'with', 'the', 'singlet', 'and', 'nonsinglet', 'parts', 'are', 'calculated', 'in', 'the', 'nexttoleading', 'order', 'in', 'qcd', 'we', 'speculate', 'that', 'gluon', 'contribution', 'to', 'the', 'spin', 'content', 'of', 'the', 'proton', 'is', 'about', '60', 'for', 'all', 'q2', 'values', 'finally', 'we', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'size', 'of', 'gluon', 'polarization', 'and', 'hence', 'l_z', 'is', 'sensitive', 'to', 'the', 'initial', 'scaleq_02']] | [-0.09010418585356451, 0.25157455323453715, -0.09654977557933486, 0.09879815974272788, -0.053591198144181645, -0.03606320397941292, 0.026580564078391978, 0.35567052223156265, -0.1984406406732483, -0.2464634346327296, -0.011256600864501785, -0.31591509553937264, -0.010329154577324695, 0.12815472588336876, 0.07307073782502824, 0.03602607244919241, 0.023074688711836013, 0.0505069256214034, -0.09343468749545009, -0.21584205388416317, 0.37416809090602865, 0.035143503120146045, 0.23205373077480881, 0.1857857969187108, 0.10421729337116474, 0.038866654416419746, -0.04948938245034236, -0.049483726226529225, -0.08748339310706663, 0.07195691863810759, 0.2135746385158402, 0.024641371921371714, 0.1037209307441465, -0.34671149985508326, -0.11506790265780126, 0.03956565061256428, 0.12514963719338454, 0.1345304701488787, 0.01836371825243358, -0.18819542538610368, 0.10858724617261302, -0.23236693413841916, -0.1919300075660655, -0.11778693761242508, 0.029393551135320724, -0.032998419252158157, -0.319105060033092, 0.10902649280740909, 0.022548074829018456, -0.00878127306745744, -0.051581278173137964, -0.24860003605818398, -0.100254767810075, 0.07061208354274708, 0.14520724395212406, 0.1565337382360465, 0.1344268527428079, -0.177044772790216, -0.09557997946121534, 0.3717440733410142, -0.049719286310403135, -0.17200148613968244, 0.10103280219122951, -0.250963531733479, -0.10739123046593625, 0.1410816267742143, 0.14628306382485193, 0.09358612374822253, -0.11962409088183999, 0.10403250418581862, -0.03718396948569995, 0.21334000109309723, 0.06492928678549274, 0.07003880213992095, 0.19897243901684789, 0.1601636903202391, 0.010605016632729935, 0.1020414512273913, -0.11411699303857016, -0.11955893853460842, -0.3323106585892584, -0.09926603749440407, -0.1675290118250421, 0.07635209511499852, -0.1106710174322354, -0.1198611125740924, 0.400620308417229, 0.12479948863260631, 0.2426970665426465, 0.029127643276925807, 0.3196773066725812, 0.10853133974869932, 0.11185797262666632, 0.09533537483636152, 0.2535524801552342, 0.19173571839928627, 0.13029768252831506, -0.3097705897360603, 0.034881758957779334, 0.010094409078405595] |
708.1802 | Active elastic dimers: self-propulsion and current reversal on a
featureless track | We present a Brownian inchworm model of a self-propelled elastic dimer in the
absence of an external potential. Nonequilibrium noise together with a
stretch-dependent damping form the propulsion mechanism. Our model connects
three key nonequilibrium features -- position-velocity correlations, a nonzero
mean internal force, and a drift velocity. Our analytical results, including
striking current reversals, compare very well with numerical simulations. The
model unifies the propulsion mechanisms of DNA helicases, polar rods on a
vibrated surface, crawling keratocytes and Myosin VI. We suggest experimental
realizations and tests of the model.
| cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.soft q-bio.BM | we present a brownian inchworm model of a selfpropelled elastic dimer in the absence of an external potential nonequilibrium noise together with a stretchdependent damping form the propulsion mechanism our model connects three key nonequilibrium features positionvelocity correlations a nonzero mean internal force and a drift velocity our analytical results including striking current reversals compare very well with numerical simulations the model unifies the propulsion mechanisms of dna helicases polar rods on a vibrated surface crawling keratocytes and myosin vi we suggest experimental realizations and tests of the model | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'brownian', 'inchworm', 'model', 'of', 'a', 'selfpropelled', 'elastic', 'dimer', 'in', 'the', 'absence', 'of', 'an', 'external', 'potential', 'nonequilibrium', 'noise', 'together', 'with', 'a', 'stretchdependent', 'damping', 'form', 'the', 'propulsion', 'mechanism', 'our', 'model', 'connects', 'three', 'key', 'nonequilibrium', 'features', 'positionvelocity', 'correlations', 'a', 'nonzero', 'mean', 'internal', 'force', 'and', 'a', 'drift', 'velocity', 'our', 'analytical', 'results', 'including', 'striking', 'current', 'reversals', 'compare', 'very', 'well', 'with', 'numerical', 'simulations', 'the', 'model', 'unifies', 'the', 'propulsion', 'mechanisms', 'of', 'dna', 'helicases', 'polar', 'rods', 'on', 'a', 'vibrated', 'surface', 'crawling', 'keratocytes', 'and', 'myosin', 'vi', 'we', 'suggest', 'experimental', 'realizations', 'and', 'tests', 'of', 'the', 'model']] | [-0.15719055805080148, 0.1580773387542484, -0.09340375790965151, 0.003061618973416361, -0.04442058226347647, -0.15155665365852078, 0.022124396020610056, 0.3823326495476067, -0.25066830865530804, -0.26024458850654564, -0.022516528068411968, -0.270283695500852, -0.2165551564910195, 0.18335056903941388, -0.00464779547077011, 0.04992854403628206, 0.05011012381609445, -0.04944593203254044, 0.03192740759219636, -0.13401951964822895, 0.18610343896381726, 0.04177089617058465, 0.28283353289589286, 0.03820644245901018, 0.16512440208514984, -0.05371148089629556, -0.009201218405823138, 0.04441867005185817, -0.2051804211170582, 0.08958319913257252, 0.10966438502708281, -0.019265139015095138, 0.20567974071441728, -0.4851467248306356, -0.25947974737606605, 0.029978897382865067, 0.14241727042033084, 0.17533117651262067, -0.10579772480758204, -0.25516268056394026, -0.044801819533114955, -0.1914555266478353, -0.15802307190923867, -0.08320984099356626, 0.019223382373721423, 0.13210742672989992, -0.26517458134119143, 0.1329189809092151, 0.0649810899300395, 0.12135112050666728, -0.13193939258979465, -0.09420461511101828, -0.03640031062638049, 0.07408135163264391, 0.05930883655409244, 0.013497812567617406, 0.24709161147686906, -0.1710020334946669, -0.1545227653167041, 0.3833582299676808, -0.07594522420880491, -0.2130064636823425, 0.24667486930477686, -0.10655183356191794, -0.10498829621990974, 0.13656163250561804, 0.1518606326267631, 0.060804881547069686, -0.13671221771404485, -0.003814391179978636, -0.06590121393012603, 0.1532195622170217, 0.015259893801571294, -0.06554551577110859, 0.23980322901413523, 0.20777479938062077, -0.010235833882523531, 0.15875614102126498, -0.1392506462593288, -0.17869934685189615, -0.33514606415040116, -0.13908332392086528, -0.14037346379535104, 0.0029593099157368256, -0.13557519007752655, -0.17342152580386028, 0.3882734291070268, 0.14734965792476115, 0.20450850608441132, 0.06573306345804171, 0.32262728532606905, 0.008770311814838682, 0.038370747203854, 0.0467022922900717, 0.23433686238290233, 0.15436718397011812, 0.1028094081716104, -0.29878075899217615, 0.09108169640372084, 0.046254578078250314] |
708.1803 | Influence of finite baryon density on hadronization in nucleus-nucleus
collisions via recombination | In this paper is investigated the influence of net baryon density on baryon
and meson yields in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions, based on the
recombination model for hadronization. Unitarity condition is used as a
constraint on the model. Three cases with different assumptions on the
expansion of partonic system are considered and the baryon to meson ratio is
calculated for those situations.
| nucl-th | in this paper is investigated the influence of net baryon density on baryon and meson yields in relativistic nucleusnucleus collisions based on the recombination model for hadronization unitarity condition is used as a constraint on the model three cases with different assumptions on the expansion of partonic system are considered and the baryon to meson ratio is calculated for those situations | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'is', 'investigated', 'the', 'influence', 'of', 'net', 'baryon', 'density', 'on', 'baryon', 'and', 'meson', 'yields', 'in', 'relativistic', 'nucleusnucleus', 'collisions', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'recombination', 'model', 'for', 'hadronization', 'unitarity', 'condition', 'is', 'used', 'as', 'a', 'constraint', 'on', 'the', 'model', 'three', 'cases', 'with', 'different', 'assumptions', 'on', 'the', 'expansion', 'of', 'partonic', 'system', 'are', 'considered', 'and', 'the', 'baryon', 'to', 'meson', 'ratio', 'is', 'calculated', 'for', 'those', 'situations']] | [-0.08039762004904571, 0.17732669492481185, -0.12308161040065718, 0.13309251178498763, -0.012497876053217982, -0.08557384261922514, 0.019864931040382408, 0.29511954122390904, -0.14085296624660737, -0.2358426182362877, -0.00466356336780381, -0.31268896345720915, 0.012635602791350885, 0.12396711945442147, 0.056750575828625534, 0.07230473550219761, 0.06388172017196651, 0.08900228919476637, -0.027569069779958943, -0.2337831775428819, 0.375319794889112, 0.04390125286566918, 0.2729011551614423, 0.16987592540681362, 0.07218729895463244, 0.016783714840249694, -0.03261487095112928, 0.018440350842657147, -0.14862698461616136, 0.0389315013465525, 0.17080461407904743, 0.11724786469560178, 0.14782964316059333, -0.4125882854654652, -0.2126522237190702, 0.09295697007938976, 0.14803875365187644, 0.15885253288386175, -0.022449701833615048, -0.22675406468696283, 0.10173553702436754, -0.2006550628203349, -0.09671587585547908, -0.07836358424764676, -0.006998572803911616, 0.021707500957074712, -0.360439320476573, 0.14969934204013133, -0.04728143833211211, 0.0462516913816455, -0.05507828019650989, -0.1927847225490011, -0.038494545050331806, -0.0007079594661710692, 0.09094789343290642, 0.05187512133423178, 0.17992437517911683, -0.15004752235693217, -0.0809761243490655, 0.49305729067227877, -0.03487076252683631, -0.20427891260898504, 0.15060781358099987, -0.13091230229092915, -0.17073781975377045, 0.06729391274485187, 0.24246180281195728, 0.07941183621888279, -0.19918409950237292, 0.08034893035026053, -0.03296246092010778, 0.1070459248979011, 0.09593053271261151, 0.05846395816837178, 0.1659706926858816, 0.19150163113811344, -0.023610049440739217, 0.07176966922449284, -0.06454378178679064, -0.10014445993469143, -0.3856858510951527, -0.04445244869614234, -0.16444151651411942, 0.011812166768874302, -0.08003036809090876, -0.11422059760566373, 0.37143711849558547, 0.10670134038893414, 0.24507478930697332, -0.00847075778807773, 0.35262767683531415, 0.1405274867629785, 0.028308038042522358, 0.06116019536695275, 0.2774376857903649, 0.20054015798158334, 0.16333477820468242, -0.29385767222504267, 0.06650339201337001, 0.11264051142392954] |
708.1804 | Discovery of a bright transient ultraluminous X-ray source Suzaku
J1305-4931 in NGC 4945 | This paper reports the discovery of a bright X-ray transient source, Suzaku
J1305-4913, in the south-west arm of the nearby Seyfert II galaxy NGC 4945. It
was detected at a 0.5 -- 10 keV flux of $2.2 \times 10^{-12}$ erg cm$^{-2}$
s$^{-1}$ during the Suzaku observation conducted on 2006 January 15 -- 17, but
was undetectable in a shorter observation on 2005 August 22 --23, with an upper
limit of $1.7 \times 10^{-14}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ (90% confidence level).
At a distance of 3.7 Mpc, the bolometric luminosity of the source becomes
$L_{\rm bol} = 4.4 \times 10^{39} \alpha$ erg s$^{-1}$, where $\alpha = (\cos
60^\circ / \cos i)$ and $i$ is the disk inclination. Therefore, the source is
classified into so-called ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). The time-averaged
X-ray spectrum of the source is described by a multi-color disk model, with the
innermost accretion disk temperature of $T_{\rm in} = 1.69_{-0.05}^{+0.06}$
keV. During the 2006 January observation, it varied by a factor of 2 in
intensity, following a clear correlation of $L_{\rm bol} \propto T_{\rm in}^4$.
It is inferred that the innermost disk radius $R_{\rm in}$ stayed constant at
$R_{\rm in} = 79_{-3.9}^{+4.0} \alpha^{1/2}$ km, suggesting the presence of a
standard accretion disk. Relating $R_{\rm in}$ with the last stable orbit
around a non-rotating black hole yields a rather low black hole mass, $\sim 9
\alpha^{1/2}$ solar masses, which would imply that the source is shining at a
luminosity of $\sim3 \alpha^{1/2} $ times the Eddington limit. These results
can be better interpreted by invoking sub-Eddington emission from a rapidly
spinning black hole with a mass of 20 -- 130 solar masses.
| astro-ph | this paper reports the discovery of a bright xray transient source suzaku j13054913 in the southwest arm of the nearby seyfert ii galaxy ngc 4945 it was detected at a 05 10 kev flux of 22 times 1012 erg cm2 s1 during the suzaku observation conducted on 2006 january 15 17 but was undetectable in a shorter observation on 2005 august 22 23 with an upper limit of 17 times 1014 erg cm2 s1 90 confidence level at a distance of 37 mpc the bolometric luminosity of the source becomes l_rm bol 44 times 1039 alpha erg s1 where alpha cos 60circ cos i and i is the disk inclination therefore the source is classified into socalled ultraluminous xray sources ulxs the timeaveraged xray spectrum of the source is described by a multicolor disk model with the innermost accretion disk temperature of t_rm in 169_005006 kev during the 2006 january observation it varied by a factor of 2 in intensity following a clear correlation of l_rm bol propto t_rm in4 it is inferred that the innermost disk radius r_rm in stayed constant at r_rm in 79_3940 alpha12 km suggesting the presence of a standard accretion disk relating r_rm in with the last stable orbit around a nonrotating black hole yields a rather low black hole mass sim 9 alpha12 solar masses which would imply that the source is shining at a luminosity of sim3 alpha12 times the eddington limit these results can be better interpreted by invoking subeddington emission from a rapidly spinning black hole with a mass of 20 130 solar masses | [['this', 'paper', 'reports', 'the', 'discovery', 'of', 'a', 'bright', 'xray', 'transient', 'source', 'suzaku', 'j13054913', 'in', 'the', 'southwest', 'arm', 'of', 'the', 'nearby', 'seyfert', 'ii', 'galaxy', 'ngc', '4945', 'it', 'was', 'detected', 'at', 'a', '05', '10', 'kev', 'flux', 'of', '22', 'times', '1012', 'erg', 'cm2', 's1', 'during', 'the', 'suzaku', 'observation', 'conducted', 'on', '2006', 'january', '15', '17', 'but', 'was', 'undetectable', 'in', 'a', 'shorter', 'observation', 'on', '2005', 'august', '22', '23', 'with', 'an', 'upper', 'limit', 'of', '17', 'times', '1014', 'erg', 'cm2', 's1', '90', 'confidence', 'level', 'at', 'a', 'distance', 'of', '37', 'mpc', 'the', 'bolometric', 'luminosity', 'of', 'the', 'source', 'becomes', 'l_rm', 'bol', '44', 'times', '1039', 'alpha', 'erg', 's1', 'where', 'alpha', 'cos', '60circ', 'cos', 'i', 'and', 'i', 'is', 'the', 'disk', 'inclination', 'therefore', 'the', 'source', 'is', 'classified', 'into', 'socalled', 'ultraluminous', 'xray', 'sources', 'ulxs', 'the', 'timeaveraged', 'xray', 'spectrum', 'of', 'the', 'source', 'is', 'described', 'by', 'a', 'multicolor', 'disk', 'model', 'with', 'the', 'innermost', 'accretion', 'disk', 'temperature', 'of', 't_rm', 'in', '169_005006', 'kev', 'during', 'the', '2006', 'january', 'observation', 'it', 'varied', 'by', 'a', 'factor', 'of', '2', 'in', 'intensity', 'following', 'a', 'clear', 'correlation', 'of', 'l_rm', 'bol', 'propto', 't_rm', 'in4', 'it', 'is', 'inferred', 'that', 'the', 'innermost', 'disk', 'radius', 'r_rm', 'in', 'stayed', 'constant', 'at', 'r_rm', 'in', '79_3940', 'alpha12', 'km', 'suggesting', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'a', 'standard', 'accretion', 'disk', 'relating', 'r_rm', 'in', 'with', 'the', 'last', 'stable', 'orbit', 'around', 'a', 'nonrotating', 'black', 'hole', 'yields', 'a', 'rather', 'low', 'black', 'hole', 'mass', 'sim', '9', 'alpha12', 'solar', 'masses', 'which', 'would', 'imply', 'that', 'the', 'source', 'is', 'shining', 'at', 'a', 'luminosity', 'of', 'sim3', 'alpha12', 'times', 'the', 'eddington', 'limit', 'these', 'results', 'can', 'be', 'better', 'interpreted', 'by', 'invoking', 'subeddington', 'emission', 'from', 'a', 'rapidly', 'spinning', 'black', 'hole', 'with', 'a', 'mass', 'of', '20', '130', 'solar', 'masses']] | [-0.09521285101610165, 0.1357619881634981, -0.005583815907952017, 0.11004674068446128, -0.03259779881381501, -0.12884837567913704, 0.052612796897077575, 0.41226936266757547, -0.09481803657959412, -0.3863615931092332, 0.10460312169340726, -0.3539278230808962, 0.07716094803942654, 0.2401040170619336, -0.03654688080378737, -0.05911728588756747, 0.012413576495153114, -0.06360478169651917, -0.10095048750540278, -0.21926746249754125, 0.19044165867336021, 0.11360893622040749, 0.13719385629878023, -0.003963974388926335, 0.07770006730436133, -0.09099207785285006, 0.01496149969752878, -0.07300392742483662, -0.15322622575717665, -0.020436670344833357, 0.21803517530922992, 0.0905893451677492, 0.20799152069151974, -0.3175111423891324, -0.16215845780053104, 0.007089859268307919, 0.171337062252972, -0.10208824393859967, 0.026884747832977715, -0.2555084957132259, 0.039453084168221374, -0.26313580503472345, -0.20345784795219796, 0.18373669613546764, 0.14493755983032594, -0.056210266470309134, -0.20219256854795206, 0.21896187418606133, 0.034564450524451854, 0.053781262834337006, -0.14223030694814112, -0.06360988283816438, -0.04379970294315941, -0.02032817838838897, 0.07684488084006051, 0.16204152388124315, 0.24038955331600917, -0.06243130528063585, -0.036421144218407926, 0.33891809730378625, -0.06470206585587361, 0.09415956566719196, 0.1598732996140965, -0.23725255135706483, -0.18338481827388303, 0.23806981075770006, 0.10378517433374117, 0.11940121756185992, -0.1341406538312395, 0.04793799491445288, -0.04609218812234198, 0.3337404500435066, 0.07617884554470387, 0.025794584450117185, 0.35553189487411424, 0.11359835830293237, 0.018793611901883896, 0.05961686878491981, -0.28544017324815146, 0.020044506086896244, -0.25733314379601957, -0.048807962630794816, -0.10236060343897686, 0.22627360130964708, -0.19510795445032553, -0.06090932234275477, 0.326735624725608, 0.07844493994299018, 0.2765273958766976, 0.029924096957144614, 0.25277155278465496, 0.1269447292523602, 0.04923281207506639, 0.20895590093524125, 0.37886949019470756, 0.1452408526558429, 0.12368130074599042, -0.18713433984398412, -0.0012494858372240113, 0.0263004735298007] |
708.1805 | Schramm-Loewner Equations Driven by Symmetric Stable Processes | We consider shape, size and regularity of the hulls of the chordal
Schramm-Loewner evolution driven by a symmetric alpha-stable process. We obtain
derivative estimates, show that the complements of the hulls are Hoelder
domains, prove that the hulls have Hausdorff dimension 1, and show that the
trace is right-continuous with left limits almost surely.
| math.PR math-ph math.MP | we consider shape size and regularity of the hulls of the chordal schrammloewner evolution driven by a symmetric alphastable process we obtain derivative estimates show that the complements of the hulls are hoelder domains prove that the hulls have hausdorff dimension 1 and show that the trace is rightcontinuous with left limits almost surely | [['we', 'consider', 'shape', 'size', 'and', 'regularity', 'of', 'the', 'hulls', 'of', 'the', 'chordal', 'schrammloewner', 'evolution', 'driven', 'by', 'a', 'symmetric', 'alphastable', 'process', 'we', 'obtain', 'derivative', 'estimates', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'complements', 'of', 'the', 'hulls', 'are', 'hoelder', 'domains', 'prove', 'that', 'the', 'hulls', 'have', 'hausdorff', 'dimension', '1', 'and', 'show', 'that', 'the', 'trace', 'is', 'rightcontinuous', 'with', 'left', 'limits', 'almost', 'surely']] | [-0.10832325037982729, 0.1207741688251392, -0.07874225207854545, 0.058430395088180376, -0.02261046208958659, -0.08546994066003848, -0.05278961639851332, 0.41022209885219735, -0.3414758031980859, -0.11837479710164997, 0.18829681046514046, -0.3166048098527999, -0.13599574691788466, 0.17259358609509137, -0.11225621383292256, 0.059963049479173844, 0.04685862344006266, 0.04472454019856674, -0.04688297799805662, -0.27274306989016217, 0.3848936029459798, -0.10853702630157824, 0.21096836475448477, 0.035106390317970956, 0.12444366728542028, -0.011676336069487862, -0.07389874657167604, 0.013457635659034605, -0.24684462349425842, 0.10122045196799768, 0.17021925378314876, 0.0953224426549342, 0.22573602420312386, -0.3494018400001719, -0.18373592087516077, 0.19782154082700057, 0.1498311994580069, -0.046479918252400776, -0.021788268647570577, -0.28260230172546236, 0.12245293927844614, -0.06907122361439245, -0.22450273433113815, -0.06994247079085282, 0.1163918534466238, 0.08573337783174659, -0.2882741375101937, 0.09839781194373413, 0.21276509596241844, 0.02876300756233158, -0.09267491872284424, -0.09331899846869486, -0.05386086387766732, 0.07643500471237565, 0.010404617975668603, 0.007080932389254923, 0.120758904545154, -0.07288622709543065, -0.17130035769918728, 0.31128078253284375, -0.058244957433392607, -0.24942943098506443, 0.184228777885437, -0.28182912234182433, -0.1269241797444583, 0.08276876670273244, 0.10682133188540185, 0.15978454481120463, -0.113794076739362, 0.24438454371799403, -0.07859356832017915, 0.10630452864441192, 0.1408104789702015, 0.010034499698559995, 0.08891377684280828, 0.12787395479864683, 0.2138755691487825, 0.18237670635183653, -0.023294458769399812, -0.08434418259464481, -0.3173572341049159, -0.14045111662535756, -0.1858024889672244, 0.12630643229500424, -0.18887210119875683, -0.21413899778767867, 0.3012582900830441, 0.12796831236833153, 0.21880924108403702, 0.2508994056670754, 0.19950992814092725, 0.12836609817006522, -0.021976056129292206, 0.17825301763325654, 0.15915103777553197, 0.14361085442188024, 0.015002068511589809, -0.15240672431644742, 0.08453564326002917, 0.172448779904732] |
708.1806 | Precision Test of Mass Ratio Variations with Lattice-Confined Ultracold
Molecules | We propose a precision measurement of time variations of the proton-electron
mass ratio using ultracold molecules in an optical lattice. Vibrational energy
intervals are sensitive to changes of the mass ratio. In contrast to
measurements that use hyperfine-interval-based atomic clocks, the scheme
discussed here is model-independent and does not require separation of time
variations of different physical constants. The possibility of applying the
zero-differential-Stark-shift optical lattice technique is explored to measure
vibrational transitions at high accuracy.
| physics.atom-ph | we propose a precision measurement of time variations of the protonelectron mass ratio using ultracold molecules in an optical lattice vibrational energy intervals are sensitive to changes of the mass ratio in contrast to measurements that use hyperfineintervalbased atomic clocks the scheme discussed here is modelindependent and does not require separation of time variations of different physical constants the possibility of applying the zerodifferentialstarkshift optical lattice technique is explored to measure vibrational transitions at high accuracy | [['we', 'propose', 'a', 'precision', 'measurement', 'of', 'time', 'variations', 'of', 'the', 'protonelectron', 'mass', 'ratio', 'using', 'ultracold', 'molecules', 'in', 'an', 'optical', 'lattice', 'vibrational', 'energy', 'intervals', 'are', 'sensitive', 'to', 'changes', 'of', 'the', 'mass', 'ratio', 'in', 'contrast', 'to', 'measurements', 'that', 'use', 'hyperfineintervalbased', 'atomic', 'clocks', 'the', 'scheme', 'discussed', 'here', 'is', 'modelindependent', 'and', 'does', 'not', 'require', 'separation', 'of', 'time', 'variations', 'of', 'different', 'physical', 'constants', 'the', 'possibility', 'of', 'applying', 'the', 'zerodifferentialstarkshift', 'optical', 'lattice', 'technique', 'is', 'explored', 'to', 'measure', 'vibrational', 'transitions', 'at', 'high', 'accuracy']] | [-0.13725525900922916, 0.19905240488465958, -0.048955194073150285, 0.02286143438903162, -0.009452720625779114, -0.11375116830616183, 0.11757367022486555, 0.43873326666653156, -0.2346881731362963, -0.31911567971110344, 0.04478674600643383, -0.2262120988295489, -0.01848226230641877, 0.15847848238725518, -0.029520157214908582, 0.09750941561887393, 0.046338101962228886, -0.027768651401070325, -0.10925964805662532, -0.17969229686501864, 0.26707381653171536, 0.10962075701084088, 0.283628385130165, 0.112709235343327, 0.10510996200547025, -0.021677969731516332, -0.02831357728762275, -0.026975452321002614, -0.1653426886207583, 0.11093185856756267, 0.20372904626640012, 0.03609779141088192, 0.1885122566207035, -0.39275411244582487, -0.18658598474025526, 0.11774086704276301, 0.1570775619947125, 0.1498891086493795, 0.0035523234212116615, -0.20817344840238425, -0.01765201012981502, -0.10374062775155983, -0.1307853573203288, -0.1417010588621771, 0.04955364537198801, 0.03670973074622452, -0.26950797688442507, 0.13564393610215267, -0.045660020028417174, 0.09060247329290251, -0.07347067802313816, -0.09382298304321798, 0.03977112512645387, 0.09864510001136444, 0.004661924400794748, 0.030784946900943445, 0.20064553951315983, -0.06117281847557909, -0.10638583306776914, 0.45305727434822834, -0.12219324356851143, -0.1599872778295665, 0.19893763623376554, -0.16229150192560376, -0.15208099479787052, 0.15085713192191277, 0.17752856180871007, 0.10787650867289789, -0.14047712385906158, 0.018975356769137638, 0.031394596010245183, 0.26722415053833126, 0.09015105570968543, 0.14231730853773755, 0.20751065277570002, 0.16914071414519, 0.025144825249004202, 0.07177412672270392, -0.1628239585741146, -0.04431389960007289, -0.24401922289886185, -0.11687136080267059, -0.21063550878504947, 0.021103190192268417, -0.07780863961965519, -0.10631518401960666, 0.3600713750207384, 0.15923221697527412, 0.2125517788242448, -0.010800454878827205, 0.31661490300619927, 0.12786296528380214, 0.06499683700432698, -0.027102040139505186, 0.32654597582547246, 0.1467326044331531, 0.10766151246010654, -0.30258274311199784, 0.04632897788935618, 0.016174529600460584] |
708.1807 | Supersolidity from defect-condensation in the extended boson Hubbard
model | We study the ground state phase diagram of the hard-core extended boson
Hubbard model on the square lattice with both nearest- (nn) and
next-nearest-neighbor (nnn) hopping and repulsion, using Gutzwiller mean field
theory and quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We observe the formation of
supersolid states with checkerboard, striped, and quarter-filled crystal
structures, when the system is doped away from commensurate fillings. In the
striped supersolid phase, a strong anisotropy in the superfluid density is
obtained from the simulations; however, the transverse component remains
finite, indicating a true two-dimensional superflow. We find that upon doping,
the striped supersolid transitions directly into the supersolid with
quarter-filled crystal structure, via a first-order stripe melting transition.
| cond-mat.str-el cond-mat.stat-mech | we study the ground state phase diagram of the hardcore extended boson hubbard model on the square lattice with both nearest nn and nextnearestneighbor nnn hopping and repulsion using gutzwiller mean field theory and quantum monte carlo simulations we observe the formation of supersolid states with checkerboard striped and quarterfilled crystal structures when the system is doped away from commensurate fillings in the striped supersolid phase a strong anisotropy in the superfluid density is obtained from the simulations however the transverse component remains finite indicating a true twodimensional superflow we find that upon doping the striped supersolid transitions directly into the supersolid with quarterfilled crystal structure via a firstorder stripe melting transition | [['we', 'study', 'the', 'ground', 'state', 'phase', 'diagram', 'of', 'the', 'hardcore', 'extended', 'boson', 'hubbard', 'model', 'on', 'the', 'square', 'lattice', 'with', 'both', 'nearest', 'nn', 'and', 'nextnearestneighbor', 'nnn', 'hopping', 'and', 'repulsion', 'using', 'gutzwiller', 'mean', 'field', 'theory', 'and', 'quantum', 'monte', 'carlo', 'simulations', 'we', 'observe', 'the', 'formation', 'of', 'supersolid', 'states', 'with', 'checkerboard', 'striped', 'and', 'quarterfilled', 'crystal', 'structures', 'when', 'the', 'system', 'is', 'doped', 'away', 'from', 'commensurate', 'fillings', 'in', 'the', 'striped', 'supersolid', 'phase', 'a', 'strong', 'anisotropy', 'in', 'the', 'superfluid', 'density', 'is', 'obtained', 'from', 'the', 'simulations', 'however', 'the', 'transverse', 'component', 'remains', 'finite', 'indicating', 'a', 'true', 'twodimensional', 'superflow', 'we', 'find', 'that', 'upon', 'doping', 'the', 'striped', 'supersolid', 'transitions', 'directly', 'into', 'the', 'supersolid', 'with', 'quarterfilled', 'crystal', 'structure', 'via', 'a', 'firstorder', 'stripe', 'melting', 'transition']] | [-0.18750455325685575, 0.29262112024298403, -0.05490346299484372, 0.07163282435794827, -0.0039718609768897295, -0.15848160799110442, 0.12641569424782315, 0.4305998287995213, -0.27670536240995197, -0.17575401074386068, -0.003063481714759421, -0.34384008264169097, -0.12008681694214829, 0.044942563514008986, 0.1707131769258662, -0.0068233784581285106, -0.0022610494738078807, -0.038748377092166005, -0.18187834039521736, -0.22993145747126878, 0.27591102360331987, -0.05420632614758298, 0.3040912912443413, 0.06538071193062933, 0.021814007615570778, 0.06161317511785975, 0.19245306041141572, 0.02814665218673846, -0.2529845739630738, -0.029101644986180224, 0.20198000331168128, -0.1529992456572862, 0.14384957894591416, -0.41463716494451675, -0.23068554760954743, 0.025545370259871043, 0.16759678559278005, 0.21041998408535229, -0.05534048503717973, -0.36921448090911974, -0.024500444082410207, -0.23876425410604238, -0.13174101175640576, -0.10745266408931846, -0.063552870584577, 0.03637727680532927, -0.22420346388337617, 0.15986402049228282, 0.035231834595573934, 0.10118012029644367, -0.11396935943879985, -0.13131134418134544, -0.10780075791158847, -0.0001300471638907246, -0.0054747841100574336, 0.1392560424012897, 0.09024333274906635, -0.15857936453228053, -0.12266139524789262, 0.39555491402279586, -0.03652337302628439, -0.089492797643678, 0.17824640021925525, -0.2151198175852187, -0.0790080511350035, 0.23849110262900858, 0.07661611826577948, -0.009995521836182368, -0.04169357132208721, 0.0848267755832889, -0.041299904656105876, 0.25758311652212534, -0.04553656775117686, -0.005473509638769818, 0.28396195747024777, 0.2459606557614669, 0.05344812231695479, 0.21769154956564307, -0.17756870615370904, -0.21320342029295197, -0.22631922514327535, -0.12052539626581295, -0.2697811505724011, -0.00649249939514058, -0.1126816801037681, -0.24104063308686818, 0.35980168801740675, 0.13867348356455164, 0.1408030251290516, -0.06071822973899543, 0.19683688953019945, 0.07503718609431027, 0.01693291776713782, 0.024859799120999275, 0.23018640264802212, 0.18565401249049632, 0.07254995492985472, -0.3098495536126263, 0.015259923910239845, 0.13361241838824103] |
708.1808 | Launch of the Space experiment PAMELA | PAMELA is a satellite borne experiment designed to study with great accuracy
cosmic rays of galactic, solar, and trapped nature in a wide energy range
protons: 80 MeV-700 GeV, electrons 50 MeV-400 GeV). Main objective is the study
of the antimatter component: antiprotons (80 MeV-190 GeV), positrons (50
MeV-270 GeV) and search for antimatter with a precision of the order of 10^-8).
The experiment, housed on board the Russian Resurs-DK1 satellite, was launched
on June, 15, 2006 in a 350*600 km orbit with an inclination of 70 degrees. The
detector is composed of a series of scintillator counters arranged at the
extremities of a permanent magnet spectrometer to provide charge,
Time-of-Flight and rigidity information. Lepton/hadron identification is
performed by a Silicon-Tungsten calorimeter and a Neutron detector placed at
the bottom of the device. An Anticounter system is used offline to reject false
triggers coming from the satellite. In self-trigger mode the Calorimeter, the
neutron detector and a shower tail catcher are capable of an independent
measure of the lepton component up to 2 TeV. In this work we describe the
experiment, its scientific objectives and the performance in the first months
after launch.
| astro-ph | pamela is a satellite borne experiment designed to study with great accuracy cosmic rays of galactic solar and trapped nature in a wide energy range protons 80 mev700 gev electrons 50 mev400 gev main objective is the study of the antimatter component antiprotons 80 mev190 gev positrons 50 mev270 gev and search for antimatter with a precision of the order of 108 the experiment housed on board the russian resursdk1 satellite was launched on june 15 2006 in a 350600 km orbit with an inclination of 70 degrees the detector is composed of a series of scintillator counters arranged at the extremities of a permanent magnet spectrometer to provide charge timeofflight and rigidity information leptonhadron identification is performed by a silicontungsten calorimeter and a neutron detector placed at the bottom of the device an anticounter system is used offline to reject false triggers coming from the satellite in selftrigger mode the calorimeter the neutron detector and a shower tail catcher are capable of an independent measure of the lepton component up to 2 tev in this work we describe the experiment its scientific objectives and the performance in the first months after launch | [['pamela', 'is', 'a', 'satellite', 'borne', 'experiment', 'designed', 'to', 'study', 'with', 'great', 'accuracy', 'cosmic', 'rays', 'of', 'galactic', 'solar', 'and', 'trapped', 'nature', 'in', 'a', 'wide', 'energy', 'range', 'protons', '80', 'mev700', 'gev', 'electrons', '50', 'mev400', 'gev', 'main', 'objective', 'is', 'the', 'study', 'of', 'the', 'antimatter', 'component', 'antiprotons', '80', 'mev190', 'gev', 'positrons', '50', 'mev270', 'gev', 'and', 'search', 'for', 'antimatter', 'with', 'a', 'precision', 'of', 'the', 'order', 'of', '108', 'the', 'experiment', 'housed', 'on', 'board', 'the', 'russian', 'resursdk1', 'satellite', 'was', 'launched', 'on', 'june', '15', '2006', 'in', 'a', '350600', 'km', 'orbit', 'with', 'an', 'inclination', 'of', '70', 'degrees', 'the', 'detector', 'is', 'composed', 'of', 'a', 'series', 'of', 'scintillator', 'counters', 'arranged', 'at', 'the', 'extremities', 'of', 'a', 'permanent', 'magnet', 'spectrometer', 'to', 'provide', 'charge', 'timeofflight', 'and', 'rigidity', 'information', 'leptonhadron', 'identification', 'is', 'performed', 'by', 'a', 'silicontungsten', 'calorimeter', 'and', 'a', 'neutron', 'detector', 'placed', 'at', 'the', 'bottom', 'of', 'the', 'device', 'an', 'anticounter', 'system', 'is', 'used', 'offline', 'to', 'reject', 'false', 'triggers', 'coming', 'from', 'the', 'satellite', 'in', 'selftrigger', 'mode', 'the', 'calorimeter', 'the', 'neutron', 'detector', 'and', 'a', 'shower', 'tail', 'catcher', 'are', 'capable', 'of', 'an', 'independent', 'measure', 'of', 'the', 'lepton', 'component', 'up', 'to', '2', 'tev', 'in', 'this', 'work', 'we', 'describe', 'the', 'experiment', 'its', 'scientific', 'objectives', 'and', 'the', 'performance', 'in', 'the', 'first', 'months', 'after', 'launch']] | [-0.0931136483992133, 0.20975782737068538, -0.05515663502177136, 0.0643863245431597, -0.04258592819419558, -0.0810491181763757, 0.007743989097939424, 0.3386516606639973, -0.16814454432871895, -0.42174462664930923, 0.02611255128099949, -0.3758647666137217, 0.0546443421413137, 0.21914965263689765, -0.013277153719182453, 0.05662568709697253, 0.1222017394459236, -0.00337324781006285, -0.021786839875553524, -0.22790151367485717, 0.19398939509690782, 0.2255542476208032, 0.22737016389268347, 0.055962411205269666, 0.17053985652691778, -0.002962396739182399, -0.02617698090385002, -0.08613387621081, -0.09045301749327107, 0.07188818642152815, 0.2658559987711579, 0.1085192535406802, 0.18746007019556396, -0.39748085873489175, -0.11239200350414005, 0.09230439940525989, 0.05995148083392265, -0.06449857344412055, -0.07539398511457232, -0.34008183791082724, 0.08829179371729083, -0.2458701756397623, -0.16334756300053244, 0.047799593598352674, -0.01141163009262756, 0.013895658763973969, -0.21835212804516047, 0.0013318146305909644, 0.016410639373029712, 0.08383891719310539, -0.05942069647921473, -0.10424294899990635, 0.050157731984064216, 0.04272614754184822, 0.0585560520083268, 0.08589158436062219, 0.19191833939744618, -0.09041911749174107, -0.11091043716491596, 0.37524373251676596, -0.03204621133670035, -0.05807884931515571, 0.15868395276084854, -0.2016061730122106, -0.08656177713525974, 0.21771730476239431, 0.2257404088710693, 0.05896714845847787, -0.19422924862833235, 0.04918703108511534, -0.02541737383992182, 0.23670405370588, 0.09298817642369546, -0.015151311692181995, 0.270103130090972, 0.23876532188650826, 0.07887036956058016, 0.09958254908399257, -0.24170888139481086, 0.01871852995523042, -0.3135720478681328, -0.15192467316434138, -0.134072526908298, 0.049104705500460345, -0.020254406816702757, -0.04378392567848348, 0.40263399594242155, 0.07238475500523107, 0.18463243958808442, -0.06093527664337795, 0.32009076895387306, -0.011618362768938404, 0.056885282098832514, 0.06682902623177628, 0.3420030107119496, 0.13197492313795572, 0.17603890197254055, -0.16350111489535274, 0.010481504647241641, 0.004920424171845327] |
708.1809 | Formation of bulk ferromagnetic nanostructured Fe40Ni40P14B6 alloys by
metastable liquid spinodal decomposition | Nanostructured Fe40Ni40P14B6 alloys ingots of diameter 3~5 mm could be
synthesised by a metastable liquid state spinodal decomposition method. The
molten Fe40Ni40P14B6 alloy was purified by means of the fluxing technique and
thus a large undercooling could be achieved. For undercooling Delta T > 260 K,
the microstructure of the undercooled specimen had exhibited liquid state
spinodal decomposition in the undercooled liquid state. The microstructure
could be described as two intertwining networks with small grains dispersed in
them. For undercooling Delta T > 290 K, the overall microstructure of the
specimen changed into a granular morphology. The average grain sizes of the
small and large grains are ~ 30 nm and ~ 80 nm, respectively. These prepared
samples are soft magnets with saturation magnetization Bs ~0.744 T.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | nanostructured fe40ni40p14b6 alloys ingots of diameter 35 mm could be synthesised by a metastable liquid state spinodal decomposition method the molten fe40ni40p14b6 alloy was purified by means of the fluxing technique and thus a large undercooling could be achieved for undercooling delta t 260 k the microstructure of the undercooled specimen had exhibited liquid state spinodal decomposition in the undercooled liquid state the microstructure could be described as two intertwining networks with small grains dispersed in them for undercooling delta t 290 k the overall microstructure of the specimen changed into a granular morphology the average grain sizes of the small and large grains are 30 nm and 80 nm respectively these prepared samples are soft magnets with saturation magnetization bs 0744 t | [['nanostructured', 'fe40ni40p14b6', 'alloys', 'ingots', 'of', 'diameter', '35', 'mm', 'could', 'be', 'synthesised', 'by', 'a', 'metastable', 'liquid', 'state', 'spinodal', 'decomposition', 'method', 'the', 'molten', 'fe40ni40p14b6', 'alloy', 'was', 'purified', 'by', 'means', 'of', 'the', 'fluxing', 'technique', 'and', 'thus', 'a', 'large', 'undercooling', 'could', 'be', 'achieved', 'for', 'undercooling', 'delta', 't', '260', 'k', 'the', 'microstructure', 'of', 'the', 'undercooled', 'specimen', 'had', 'exhibited', 'liquid', 'state', 'spinodal', 'decomposition', 'in', 'the', 'undercooled', 'liquid', 'state', 'the', 'microstructure', 'could', 'be', 'described', 'as', 'two', 'intertwining', 'networks', 'with', 'small', 'grains', 'dispersed', 'in', 'them', 'for', 'undercooling', 'delta', 't', '290', 'k', 'the', 'overall', 'microstructure', 'of', 'the', 'specimen', 'changed', 'into', 'a', 'granular', 'morphology', 'the', 'average', 'grain', 'sizes', 'of', 'the', 'small', 'and', 'large', 'grains', 'are', '30', 'nm', 'and', '80', 'nm', 'respectively', 'these', 'prepared', 'samples', 'are', 'soft', 'magnets', 'with', 'saturation', 'magnetization', 'bs', '0744', 't']] | [-0.0860583464038262, 0.3156756440346891, -0.0954536695864575, -0.04060245340320567, 0.0034772007945493974, -0.1650031554235592, 0.061196047805003394, 0.39930086654480085, -0.27664031323780547, -0.3567510647776206, 0.08660256496509383, -0.27677576534049814, -0.017096957238006198, 0.10439254208429416, 0.0038318552638688854, 0.05894985544102744, 0.016645154697351033, -0.08419877146024349, -0.05169840411606345, -0.224119598927238, 0.1709747353129951, 0.021872406490608926, 0.29663135890256276, 0.06720597916455893, 0.0843194183423992, -0.08796777182127818, 0.11263639316701692, 0.0740144701582218, -0.17373747913136092, 0.0009175131697792652, 0.26940072633033574, -0.037875024513303004, 0.1694719416420322, -0.44941174546891655, -0.22453776767000186, 0.025651724327909797, 0.10258210192180493, 0.04230267329772642, -0.00033150169967619843, -0.2549178122950733, 0.113072276146205, -0.0959996412265738, -0.15423060558767113, -0.021305558895153447, 0.025778032027277326, -0.0061615393157906, -0.2259769977478326, 0.10563470183848596, 0.07101012038428736, 0.10214199410551343, -0.09612862269725066, -0.23037331861112853, -0.0728825998938958, 0.04010751204996193, -0.014070071707179478, 0.037958108165786285, 0.271958466696222, -0.09316859170332674, 0.011994938470022984, 0.3407840765858731, -0.029917537222216135, -0.05158304951869506, 0.14385426378893582, -0.16551174825319082, -0.030276041547190553, 0.2818523350687436, 0.10754220126858674, 0.12669425323020575, -0.16438591668828706, 0.01650856589098232, 0.0034539586006209623, 0.23500048439595694, 0.14835566151425367, -0.040337632602650275, 0.2069875595827533, 0.2681077281667366, -0.04967574603193678, 0.1984036452269705, -0.16188807692595233, -0.020512279394382903, -0.1855402118054965, -0.21319276688948527, -0.215951629194685, 0.08984235266015735, -0.2018577441952455, -0.1398083937993227, 0.29000118954399645, 0.015197656128443931, 0.16116139776850782, -0.03553721039317363, 0.15725523855321663, -0.00641392790693174, 0.0907014306280608, 0.018096805069102974, 0.23229461188573863, 0.18038269694632858, 0.18509110953843544, -0.24907815668920502, 0.14251038145989733, 0.016699916143393653] |
708.181 | 1+1+2 Electromagnetic perturbations on non-vacuum LRS class II
space-times: Decoupling scalar and 2-vector harmonic amplitudes | We use the covariant and gauge-invariant 1+1+2 formalism of Clarkson and
Barrett \cite{Clarkson2003} to analyze electromagnetic (EM) perturbations on
non-vacuum {\it locally rotationally symmetric} (LRS) class II space-times.
Ultimately, we show how to derive six real decoupled equations governing the
total of six EM scalar and 2-vector harmonic amplitudes. Four of these are new,
and result from expanding the complex EM 2-vector which we defined in
\cite{Burston2007} in terms of EM 2-vector harmonic amplitudes. We are then
able to show that there are four precise combinations of the amplitudes that
decouple, two of these are polar perturbations whereas the remaining two are
axial. The remaining two decoupled equations are the generalized Regge-Wheeler
equations which were developed previously in \cite{Betschart2004}, and these
govern the two EM scalar harmonic amplitudes. However, our analysis generalizes
this by including a full description and classification of energy-momentum
sources, such as charges and currents.
| gr-qc | we use the covariant and gaugeinvariant 112 formalism of clarkson and barrett citeclarkson2003 to analyze electromagnetic em perturbations on nonvacuum it locally rotationally symmetric lrs class ii spacetimes ultimately we show how to derive six real decoupled equations governing the total of six em scalar and 2vector harmonic amplitudes four of these are new and result from expanding the complex em 2vector which we defined in citeburston2007 in terms of em 2vector harmonic amplitudes we are then able to show that there are four precise combinations of the amplitudes that decouple two of these are polar perturbations whereas the remaining two are axial the remaining two decoupled equations are the generalized reggewheeler equations which were developed previously in citebetschart2004 and these govern the two em scalar harmonic amplitudes however our analysis generalizes this by including a full description and classification of energymomentum sources such as charges and currents | [['we', 'use', 'the', 'covariant', 'and', 'gaugeinvariant', '112', 'formalism', 'of', 'clarkson', 'and', 'barrett', 'citeclarkson2003', 'to', 'analyze', 'electromagnetic', 'em', 'perturbations', 'on', 'nonvacuum', 'it', 'locally', 'rotationally', 'symmetric', 'lrs', 'class', 'ii', 'spacetimes', 'ultimately', 'we', 'show', 'how', 'to', 'derive', 'six', 'real', 'decoupled', 'equations', 'governing', 'the', 'total', 'of', 'six', 'em', 'scalar', 'and', '2vector', 'harmonic', 'amplitudes', 'four', 'of', 'these', 'are', 'new', 'and', 'result', 'from', 'expanding', 'the', 'complex', 'em', '2vector', 'which', 'we', 'defined', 'in', 'citeburston2007', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'em', '2vector', 'harmonic', 'amplitudes', 'we', 'are', 'then', 'able', 'to', 'show', 'that', 'there', 'are', 'four', 'precise', 'combinations', 'of', 'the', 'amplitudes', 'that', 'decouple', 'two', 'of', 'these', 'are', 'polar', 'perturbations', 'whereas', 'the', 'remaining', 'two', 'are', 'axial', 'the', 'remaining', 'two', 'decoupled', 'equations', 'are', 'the', 'generalized', 'reggewheeler', 'equations', 'which', 'were', 'developed', 'previously', 'in', 'citebetschart2004', 'and', 'these', 'govern', 'the', 'two', 'em', 'scalar', 'harmonic', 'amplitudes', 'however', 'our', 'analysis', 'generalizes', 'this', 'by', 'including', 'a', 'full', 'description', 'and', 'classification', 'of', 'energymomentum', 'sources', 'such', 'as', 'charges', 'and', 'currents']] | [-0.16152347432899064, 0.17522148790223332, -0.030225843300336393, 0.07574133965074374, -0.08187703535217664, -0.10589463769173217, -0.0551466075944361, 0.35345383255646146, -0.21232513878012782, -0.2804723738018295, 0.07346697576135268, -0.24769369417094977, -0.19181058810831145, 0.15872996464724942, 0.00916901834244872, 0.03516363866691446, -0.00210992137676683, 0.025736689968998062, -0.07636260088083559, -0.24338670161087067, 0.3808367498379586, -0.05285564997988143, 0.24094849800498322, -0.019466948876928153, 0.10813316582894787, 0.007549721018636021, -0.12202249771257027, 0.036386574072570635, -0.09972773172204175, 0.12190575452264527, 0.21461475364871901, 0.11296459487840084, 0.15801838313325725, -0.4211660998905527, -0.17579111013689946, 0.0819493188458527, 0.11470348270738433, 0.1378624267070273, 0.031022367031506168, -0.2806581210088113, 0.08248908708578553, -0.15506052647331922, -0.13463432032550718, -0.14749284036585997, 0.020383207275178925, 0.030950099540521102, -0.24527669549630635, 0.07774872905414167, 0.06470916907921241, -0.028359402812503536, -0.12759139798260455, -0.12262447668111016, -0.062403650207701944, 0.0964740017589567, 0.050642781349798216, 0.0008550895811540299, 0.08439507034189742, -0.08648509067675934, -0.10948753090061504, 0.3568517352261677, -0.09133350991740309, -0.2559867738778221, 0.177032893812605, -0.1404331237302515, -0.15356761644883402, 0.12647128881693914, 0.15379256069628072, 0.17723686092629515, -0.2010620368066533, 0.11242341261461442, -0.01650954310236306, 0.07364950437211143, 0.14204484573083706, 0.048945400016061194, 0.190799077728699, -0.0051674495419037755, 0.004474324652732446, 0.12154978038421993, -0.04512171228095118, -0.14089014266320538, -0.36723850827407223, -0.13587776236619964, -0.10439335354282682, 0.0780039913831921, -0.07151403113043514, -0.1824509358896617, 0.40397153157612375, 0.10312238856026068, 0.1374246229481851, 0.05563906611842585, 0.25684733393377274, 0.10592861330811063, 0.05422532543668459, 0.11286786451999997, 0.29846644731045796, 0.1836935014961737, 0.07119485251204079, -0.19643967500566664, -0.07990730902308534, 0.09557413420607817] |
708.1811 | 1+1+2 Electromagnetic perturbations on general LRS space-times:
Regge-Wheeler and Bardeen-Press equations | We use the, covariant and gauge-invariant, 1+1+2 formalism developed by
Clarkson and Barrett, and develop new techniques, to decouple electromagnetic
(EM) perturbations on arbitrary locally rotationally symmetric (LRS)
space-times. Ultimately, we derive 3 decoupled complex equations governing 3
complex scalars. One of these is a new Regge-Wheeler (RW) equation generalized
for LRS space-times, whereas the remaining two are new generalizations of the
Bardeen-Press (BP) equations. This is achieved by first using linear algebra
techniques to rewrite the first-order Maxwell equations in a new complex 1+1+2
form which is conducive to decoupling. This new complex system immediately
yields the generalized RW equation, and furthermore, we also derive a decoupled
equation governing a newly defined complex EM 2-vector. Subsequently, a further
decomposition of the 1+1+2 formalism into a 1+1+1+1 formalism is developed,
allowing us to decompose the complex EM 2-vector, and its governing equations,
into spin-weighted scalars, giving rise to the generalized BP equations.
| gr-qc | we use the covariant and gaugeinvariant 112 formalism developed by clarkson and barrett and develop new techniques to decouple electromagnetic em perturbations on arbitrary locally rotationally symmetric lrs spacetimes ultimately we derive 3 decoupled complex equations governing 3 complex scalars one of these is a new reggewheeler rw equation generalized for lrs spacetimes whereas the remaining two are new generalizations of the bardeenpress bp equations this is achieved by first using linear algebra techniques to rewrite the firstorder maxwell equations in a new complex 112 form which is conducive to decoupling this new complex system immediately yields the generalized rw equation and furthermore we also derive a decoupled equation governing a newly defined complex em 2vector subsequently a further decomposition of the 112 formalism into a 1111 formalism is developed allowing us to decompose the complex em 2vector and its governing equations into spinweighted scalars giving rise to the generalized bp equations | [['we', 'use', 'the', 'covariant', 'and', 'gaugeinvariant', '112', 'formalism', 'developed', 'by', 'clarkson', 'and', 'barrett', 'and', 'develop', 'new', 'techniques', 'to', 'decouple', 'electromagnetic', 'em', 'perturbations', 'on', 'arbitrary', 'locally', 'rotationally', 'symmetric', 'lrs', 'spacetimes', 'ultimately', 'we', 'derive', '3', 'decoupled', 'complex', 'equations', 'governing', '3', 'complex', 'scalars', 'one', 'of', 'these', 'is', 'a', 'new', 'reggewheeler', 'rw', 'equation', 'generalized', 'for', 'lrs', 'spacetimes', 'whereas', 'the', 'remaining', 'two', 'are', 'new', 'generalizations', 'of', 'the', 'bardeenpress', 'bp', 'equations', 'this', 'is', 'achieved', 'by', 'first', 'using', 'linear', 'algebra', 'techniques', 'to', 'rewrite', 'the', 'firstorder', 'maxwell', 'equations', 'in', 'a', 'new', 'complex', '112', 'form', 'which', 'is', 'conducive', 'to', 'decoupling', 'this', 'new', 'complex', 'system', 'immediately', 'yields', 'the', 'generalized', 'rw', 'equation', 'and', 'furthermore', 'we', 'also', 'derive', 'a', 'decoupled', 'equation', 'governing', 'a', 'newly', 'defined', 'complex', 'em', '2vector', 'subsequently', 'a', 'further', 'decomposition', 'of', 'the', '112', 'formalism', 'into', 'a', '1111', 'formalism', 'is', 'developed', 'allowing', 'us', 'to', 'decompose', 'the', 'complex', 'em', '2vector', 'and', 'its', 'governing', 'equations', 'into', 'spinweighted', 'scalars', 'giving', 'rise', 'to', 'the', 'generalized', 'bp', 'equations']] | [-0.13377863059548156, 0.11696114254165564, -0.10919244016292474, 0.07103424595934123, -0.17351324631160261, -0.17431489151184731, -0.02986471163762721, 0.2653783481222707, -0.26394458248631547, -0.24522207783217487, 0.06560928689621216, -0.19138937840077852, -0.19809914219026634, 0.13313908708460678, -0.00355519765112179, 0.03218050369497894, -0.014583444217411147, -0.016251409504969686, -0.1343564028660489, -0.22000987309691133, 0.3534734990749977, -0.010375460337643937, 0.23094956395031255, -0.05127020820124161, 0.16593116314446443, 0.032970752136855824, -0.06900559599196773, 0.002484144430163483, -0.15992811685181316, 0.11269998548564729, 0.20502847826772522, 0.11580962386168848, 0.19779536634412231, -0.42046938604669065, -0.1934322686002448, 0.03477960892040159, 0.14808664054591333, 0.13586250042684672, 0.00686560778042906, -0.3159055458690157, 0.10391791975310702, -0.16633447834301357, -0.17951557227404208, -0.13252675720792734, 0.018541512079536915, -0.046669454443336325, -0.2652946013790734, 0.0539733502250211, 0.0872105288763364, -0.048248210385293755, -0.136110125464967, -0.08728013512915901, -0.020598516184667015, 0.02438853502224218, -0.03285794252597585, 0.017952942676435144, 0.06267546776324412, -0.04929359560980406, -0.09278578174898759, 0.3794961276553596, -0.09034064916480604, -0.2822727097532965, 0.15758164181984616, -0.07508114207264603, -0.1550265028471411, 0.15903004424473802, 0.1809696564836341, 0.20408943188160855, -0.23392073349990197, 0.13435887318183143, -0.0028235957381895294, 0.09892420872154689, 0.09871531331245571, -0.022140018456917723, 0.16205407788249238, 0.05774091879855718, 0.020196418055882123, 0.1364845694227773, 0.008052129848915714, -0.15130037460584095, -0.30822459220984916, -0.20437453922515234, -0.07794153526739914, 0.1165406022896213, -0.1052883871839095, -0.17305339669919764, 0.4085148488593886, 0.10465380051003657, 0.11077013625054072, 0.04076432941299524, 0.24541131648796283, 0.1827944289007847, 0.05918579680894483, 0.0916066099365322, 0.23066486927236596, 0.2556392812241017, 0.1275974033756601, -0.1785864459415466, -0.06321184318327647, 0.13411444587484989] |
708.1812 | 1+1+2 gravitational perturbations on LRS class II space-times:
Decoupling GEM tensor harmonic amplitudes | This paper considers gauge-invariant and covariant gravitational
perturbations on arbitrary vacuum locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) class II
space-times. Ultimately, we derive four decoupled equations governing four
specific combinations of the gravito-electromagnetic (GEM) 2-tensor harmonic
amplitudes. We use the gauge-invariant and covariant 1+1+2 formalism which
Clarkson and Barrett developed for analysis of vacuum Schwarzschild
perturbations. In particular we focus on the first-order 1+1+2 GEM system and
use linear algebra techniques suitable for exploiting its structure.
Consequently, we express the GEM system new 1+1+2 complex form by choosing new
complex GEM tensors, which is conducive to decoupling. We then show how to
derive a gauge-invariant and covariant decoupled equation governing a newly
defined complex GEM 2-tensor. Finally, the GEM 2-tensor is expanded in terms of
arbitrary tensor harmonics and linear algebra is used once again to decouple
the system further into 4 real decoupled equations.
| gr-qc | this paper considers gaugeinvariant and covariant gravitational perturbations on arbitrary vacuum locally rotationally symmetric lrs class ii spacetimes ultimately we derive four decoupled equations governing four specific combinations of the gravitoelectromagnetic gem 2tensor harmonic amplitudes we use the gaugeinvariant and covariant 112 formalism which clarkson and barrett developed for analysis of vacuum schwarzschild perturbations in particular we focus on the firstorder 112 gem system and use linear algebra techniques suitable for exploiting its structure consequently we express the gem system new 112 complex form by choosing new complex gem tensors which is conducive to decoupling we then show how to derive a gaugeinvariant and covariant decoupled equation governing a newly defined complex gem 2tensor finally the gem 2tensor is expanded in terms of arbitrary tensor harmonics and linear algebra is used once again to decouple the system further into 4 real decoupled equations | [['this', 'paper', 'considers', 'gaugeinvariant', 'and', 'covariant', 'gravitational', 'perturbations', 'on', 'arbitrary', 'vacuum', 'locally', 'rotationally', 'symmetric', 'lrs', 'class', 'ii', 'spacetimes', 'ultimately', 'we', 'derive', 'four', 'decoupled', 'equations', 'governing', 'four', 'specific', 'combinations', 'of', 'the', 'gravitoelectromagnetic', 'gem', '2tensor', 'harmonic', 'amplitudes', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'gaugeinvariant', 'and', 'covariant', '112', 'formalism', 'which', 'clarkson', 'and', 'barrett', 'developed', 'for', 'analysis', 'of', 'vacuum', 'schwarzschild', 'perturbations', 'in', 'particular', 'we', 'focus', 'on', 'the', 'firstorder', '112', 'gem', 'system', 'and', 'use', 'linear', 'algebra', 'techniques', 'suitable', 'for', 'exploiting', 'its', 'structure', 'consequently', 'we', 'express', 'the', 'gem', 'system', 'new', '112', 'complex', 'form', 'by', 'choosing', 'new', 'complex', 'gem', 'tensors', 'which', 'is', 'conducive', 'to', 'decoupling', 'we', 'then', 'show', 'how', 'to', 'derive', 'a', 'gaugeinvariant', 'and', 'covariant', 'decoupled', 'equation', 'governing', 'a', 'newly', 'defined', 'complex', 'gem', '2tensor', 'finally', 'the', 'gem', '2tensor', 'is', 'expanded', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'arbitrary', 'tensor', 'harmonics', 'and', 'linear', 'algebra', 'is', 'used', 'once', 'again', 'to', 'decouple', 'the', 'system', 'further', 'into', '4', 'real', 'decoupled', 'equations']] | [-0.16154507673312943, 0.11422751956599785, -0.06561007047189282, 0.041986250753312575, -0.11419407863795132, -0.16719973181277495, -0.07594098619892022, 0.2857340701523569, -0.24066607953355343, -0.22553819944834583, 0.07621374279521145, -0.1979206700066847, -0.17376531853008417, 0.12058962192679462, -0.027823497621029928, 0.059700662592162175, -0.010448794437888228, 0.0008653257761827924, -0.1623984387867361, -0.2302731340620797, 0.40202846419769567, 0.02267779130488634, 0.2317250985334712, -0.04935227708982213, 0.19066381927364315, 0.026161429118951196, -0.07721057717225976, -0.00011728918244997105, -0.11680200892025148, 0.09752312860731686, 0.21554878141818132, 0.11540325239326779, 0.1728319355622064, -0.4478846929993454, -0.14629682059679833, 0.023265104985086025, 0.13279469542114156, 0.0936331086339416, -0.002349366891438832, -0.2690165418174144, 0.08168128474739257, -0.23563396845214798, -0.1619973963133053, -0.15027084000656135, 0.052011415088822795, -0.03810289573295602, -0.2938861225725972, 0.04688916225442207, 0.05008770026416368, -0.004469783436116222, -0.1310793041175075, -0.09157095690195977, -0.017535185122657306, 0.02472726427591764, -0.008529687223799683, 0.03898254420178441, 0.14006305791574394, -0.04217403966744619, -0.05095593998912019, 0.3457092933822423, -0.13503763009346306, -0.2995653241796263, 0.1478151182702684, -0.15635148688525588, -0.17695562787666605, 0.0889463629882939, 0.17556083795673155, 0.2009596923216396, -0.23757504522710896, 0.17962826458636308, 0.019268182184469032, 0.13101735125194872, 0.1263807518928722, 0.026343058120667725, 0.195882782665687, 0.05382886628288176, 0.027704979670787607, 0.14500586215693217, -0.011451865110051382, -0.12193595211410739, -0.3651949073272673, -0.1701988834011626, -0.09955698583711434, 0.06904737679108691, -0.10311398997034232, -0.16727082465182652, 0.40803422771517994, 0.09724459647360971, 0.07673683686554758, 0.021375030612937742, 0.2435048377610274, 0.16563428783629716, 0.07107647799176874, 0.07191001098941673, 0.26065838699460264, 0.23605901602219295, 0.12206510789171382, -0.19586621715534167, -0.07983007755169606, 0.1274106782100691] |
708.1813 | On Dissipative Quadratic Stochastic Operators | In present paper we introduce the notion of dissipative quadratic stochastic
operator and cubic stochastic operator. We prove necessary conditions for
dissipativity of quadratic stochastic operators. Besides, it is studied certain
limit behavior of such operators. Finally we prove ergodic theorem for
dissipative operators.
| math.FA math.DS | in present paper we introduce the notion of dissipative quadratic stochastic operator and cubic stochastic operator we prove necessary conditions for dissipativity of quadratic stochastic operators besides it is studied certain limit behavior of such operators finally we prove ergodic theorem for dissipative operators | [['in', 'present', 'paper', 'we', 'introduce', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'dissipative', 'quadratic', 'stochastic', 'operator', 'and', 'cubic', 'stochastic', 'operator', 'we', 'prove', 'necessary', 'conditions', 'for', 'dissipativity', 'of', 'quadratic', 'stochastic', 'operators', 'besides', 'it', 'is', 'studied', 'certain', 'limit', 'behavior', 'of', 'such', 'operators', 'finally', 'we', 'prove', 'ergodic', 'theorem', 'for', 'dissipative', 'operators']] | [-0.2162613287906755, 0.10643400241282176, -0.05183331160382791, 0.1385893837300087, -0.07399066936605694, -0.15396209391341967, -0.010375358553243463, 0.2965773345733231, -0.341939507136968, -0.13844525077464906, 0.12535113432518716, -0.26204696932638233, -0.2671146083792502, 0.1699360083915632, -0.11461778118973598, 0.12825773207640107, 0.053340105678547516, 0.05070284540256993, -0.09656433250479908, -0.21458735612792557, 0.4320931816685267, -0.0415756601459262, 0.16629719528877598, 0.11845233576075936, 0.19988253841769288, 0.037644543695602224, -0.032338727339678866, -0.023614415094595064, -0.19135943285866894, 0.06385347764378159, 0.2560585913756354, 0.0718789062864909, 0.3206330587748777, -0.4618368893438442, -0.1605771430979737, 0.22850007788193497, 0.07799749347098194, 0.0678682489987378, -0.02702148477758535, -0.2456830610436472, 0.10002997990126129, -0.15811203403229063, -0.2132225328347307, -0.16032994208349424, -0.0314190007365224, 0.04456455327718603, -0.35311636749909003, 0.10800427525431257, 0.21654591298746792, 0.11122969844886525, -0.11775552934374321, -0.024714064874305306, -0.001991136618678204, -0.026977181519297035, -0.005330550891812891, -0.10142189229372889, 0.09827994236680256, -0.01515783750536767, -0.12036516208370979, 0.3027383049061014, -0.14067426925678525, -0.26330289054153994, 0.11476609335196289, -0.1488933256530965, -0.1960803127254952, -0.010413637215440924, 0.18559592941098593, 0.18906928124752911, -0.2326995190021328, 0.21833895609200804, -0.06923348268240014, 0.02014347982846878, 0.04663696967657994, 0.14041278049857778, 0.008192095524546776, 0.10599123756401241, 0.2462796899278394, 0.2416134546087547, 0.07684222871268337, -0.1826219604435292, -0.34890706633979623, -0.15534900413529779, -0.08973497105762362, 0.10267949730306017, -0.132205962086697, -0.20593596453016455, 0.37668990987268364, 0.17732136481737887, 0.10183727307329801, 0.17202555525793947, 0.19821132296188312, 0.2935794928661463, 0.006865269409238615, 0.0818372702289542, 0.17303447488864715, 0.1950041557111862, 0.1418786911632527, -0.20926325739657675, -0.000725224815224382, 0.23957956152629445] |
708.1814 | Galaxy growth in the concordance $\Lambda$CDM cosmology | We use galaxy and dark halo data from the public database for the Millennium
Simulation to study the growth of galaxies in the De Lucia et al. (2006) model
for galaxy formation. Previous work has shown this model to reproduce many
aspects of the systematic properties and the clustering of real galaxies, both
in the nearby universe and at high redshift. It assumes the stellar masses of
galaxies to increase through three processes, major mergers, the accretion of
smaller satellite systems, and star formation. We show the relative importance
of these three modes to be a strong function of stellar mass and of redshift.
Galaxy growth through major mergers depends strongly on stellar mass, but only
weakly on redshift. Except for massive systems, minor mergers contribute more
to galaxy growth than major mergers at all redshifts and at all stellar masses.
For galaxies significantly less massive than the Milky Way, star formation
dominates the growth at all epochs. For galaxies significantly more massive
than the Milky Way, growth through mergers is the dominant process at all
epochs. At a stellar mass of $6\times 10^{10}M_\odot$, star formation dominates
at $z>1$ and mergers at later times. At every stellar mass, the growth rates
through star formation increase rapidly with increasing redshift. Specific star
formation rates are a decreasing function of stellar mass not only at $z=0$ but
also at all higher redshifts. For comparison, we carry out a similar analysis
of the growth of dark matter halos. In contrast to the galaxies, growth rates
depend strongly on redshift, but only weakly on mass. They agree qualitatively
with analytic predictions for halo growth.
| astro-ph | we use galaxy and dark halo data from the public database for the millennium simulation to study the growth of galaxies in the de lucia et al 2006 model for galaxy formation previous work has shown this model to reproduce many aspects of the systematic properties and the clustering of real galaxies both in the nearby universe and at high redshift it assumes the stellar masses of galaxies to increase through three processes major mergers the accretion of smaller satellite systems and star formation we show the relative importance of these three modes to be a strong function of stellar mass and of redshift galaxy growth through major mergers depends strongly on stellar mass but only weakly on redshift except for massive systems minor mergers contribute more to galaxy growth than major mergers at all redshifts and at all stellar masses for galaxies significantly less massive than the milky way star formation dominates the growth at all epochs for galaxies significantly more massive than the milky way growth through mergers is the dominant process at all epochs at a stellar mass of 6times 1010m_odot star formation dominates at z1 and mergers at later times at every stellar mass the growth rates through star formation increase rapidly with increasing redshift specific star formation rates are a decreasing function of stellar mass not only at z0 but also at all higher redshifts for comparison we carry out a similar analysis of the growth of dark matter halos in contrast to the galaxies growth rates depend strongly on redshift but only weakly on mass they agree qualitatively with analytic predictions for halo growth | [['we', 'use', 'galaxy', 'and', 'dark', 'halo', 'data', 'from', 'the', 'public', 'database', 'for', 'the', 'millennium', 'simulation', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'growth', 'of', 'galaxies', 'in', 'the', 'de', 'lucia', 'et', 'al', '2006', 'model', 'for', 'galaxy', 'formation', 'previous', 'work', 'has', 'shown', 'this', 'model', 'to', 'reproduce', 'many', 'aspects', 'of', 'the', 'systematic', 'properties', 'and', 'the', 'clustering', 'of', 'real', 'galaxies', 'both', 'in', 'the', 'nearby', 'universe', 'and', 'at', 'high', 'redshift', 'it', 'assumes', 'the', 'stellar', 'masses', 'of', 'galaxies', 'to', 'increase', 'through', 'three', 'processes', 'major', 'mergers', 'the', 'accretion', 'of', 'smaller', 'satellite', 'systems', 'and', 'star', 'formation', 'we', 'show', 'the', 'relative', 'importance', 'of', 'these', 'three', 'modes', 'to', 'be', 'a', 'strong', 'function', 'of', 'stellar', 'mass', 'and', 'of', 'redshift', 'galaxy', 'growth', 'through', 'major', 'mergers', 'depends', 'strongly', 'on', 'stellar', 'mass', 'but', 'only', 'weakly', 'on', 'redshift', 'except', 'for', 'massive', 'systems', 'minor', 'mergers', 'contribute', 'more', 'to', 'galaxy', 'growth', 'than', 'major', 'mergers', 'at', 'all', 'redshifts', 'and', 'at', 'all', 'stellar', 'masses', 'for', 'galaxies', 'significantly', 'less', 'massive', 'than', 'the', 'milky', 'way', 'star', 'formation', 'dominates', 'the', 'growth', 'at', 'all', 'epochs', 'for', 'galaxies', 'significantly', 'more', 'massive', 'than', 'the', 'milky', 'way', 'growth', 'through', 'mergers', 'is', 'the', 'dominant', 'process', 'at', 'all', 'epochs', 'at', 'a', 'stellar', 'mass', 'of', '6times', '1010m_odot', 'star', 'formation', 'dominates', 'at', 'z1', 'and', 'mergers', 'at', 'later', 'times', 'at', 'every', 'stellar', 'mass', 'the', 'growth', 'rates', 'through', 'star', 'formation', 'increase', 'rapidly', 'with', 'increasing', 'redshift', 'specific', 'star', 'formation', 'rates', 'are', 'a', 'decreasing', 'function', 'of', 'stellar', 'mass', 'not', 'only', 'at', 'z0', 'but', 'also', 'at', 'all', 'higher', 'redshifts', 'for', 'comparison', 'we', 'carry', 'out', 'a', 'similar', 'analysis', 'of', 'the', 'growth', 'of', 'dark', 'matter', 'halos', 'in', 'contrast', 'to', 'the', 'galaxies', 'growth', 'rates', 'depend', 'strongly', 'on', 'redshift', 'but', 'only', 'weakly', 'on', 'mass', 'they', 'agree', 'qualitatively', 'with', 'analytic', 'predictions', 'for', 'halo', 'growth']] | [-0.0512406909299359, 0.12283220325631124, -0.05224909516034165, 0.1205970260774174, -0.09047915767705828, -0.011159928074037586, -0.011230243949426545, 0.39865401541572754, -0.09638835022062132, -0.3418575417181408, 0.030801602740582353, -0.30253794461799166, -0.007601679544125175, 0.25582696793566423, 0.02483993379606141, -0.03491848639074575, 0.0682284310052637, -0.08088531256480902, -0.04601200131189587, -0.385318976429429, 0.35868332698872246, 0.09777361918758187, 0.17669350579725923, -0.03916971378062886, 0.06642969574874129, -0.061073310165145944, -0.09056544682286956, -0.0797351582562206, -0.2270506848839836, -0.03613999523222446, 0.22584361353268226, 0.13395322413977098, 0.2527458396533297, -0.35291197726328394, -0.20827311659188666, 0.08683192671483589, 0.2319665019986806, 0.10024491674827274, -0.14226301214884088, -0.2004921230237448, 0.09939889054685072, -0.2221308058110514, -0.11949738014006504, 0.09331620782613755, 0.020101506047433725, 0.015301695885352308, -0.22106870678770874, 0.22580579812476773, 0.016195300981726852, 0.02927792247177826, -0.07752111818710411, -0.06102725193766808, -0.138305307759179, 0.07704417821951211, 0.047322009776231695, 0.08818707288570564, 0.2269968691568701, -0.1737681751837954, -0.0062013341702469105, 0.4180427076605459, -0.036370675381288124, -0.009443974929551284, 0.30077519153537985, -0.2686025385844038, -0.21731135665990964, 0.09857801553465564, 0.2069649392635458, 0.10016959265253886, -0.13111284770140494, 0.00046535637596173694, 0.04451631682717966, 0.2124135460894279, 0.07360891835199221, 0.02889406749810506, 0.3633806893808974, 0.12255644355771235, 0.0812536811285773, -0.00935586979440241, -0.09517636933294987, -0.05530393213546766, -0.18617189869940004, -0.09742423987912911, -0.13149070439523913, 0.07730530678015418, -0.17602073076936736, -0.0962032861872878, 0.3507209362151722, 0.08873773238333847, 0.2518315693501521, 0.13513576606659355, 0.3007311693220227, 0.07749710266167918, 0.15157749695979333, 0.1210192129654051, 0.28716615219255565, 0.15798850222145794, 0.04736956831895643, -0.2571516804078042, 0.09471930994703952, -0.01779739225403992] |
708.1815 | Reducing variance in univariate smoothing | A variance reduction technique in nonparametric smoothing is proposed: at
each point of estimation, form a linear combination of a preliminary estimator
evaluated at nearby points with the coefficients specified so that the
asymptotic bias remains unchanged. The nearby points are chosen to maximize the
variance reduction. We study in detail the case of univariate local linear
regression. While the new estimator retains many advantages of the local linear
estimator, it has appealing asymptotic relative efficiencies. Bandwidth
selection rules are available by a simple constant factor adjustment of those
for local linear estimation. A simulation study indicates that the finite
sample relative efficiency often matches the asymptotic relative efficiency for
moderate sample sizes. This technique is very general and has a wide range of
applications.
| math.ST stat.TH | a variance reduction technique in nonparametric smoothing is proposed at each point of estimation form a linear combination of a preliminary estimator evaluated at nearby points with the coefficients specified so that the asymptotic bias remains unchanged the nearby points are chosen to maximize the variance reduction we study in detail the case of univariate local linear regression while the new estimator retains many advantages of the local linear estimator it has appealing asymptotic relative efficiencies bandwidth selection rules are available by a simple constant factor adjustment of those for local linear estimation a simulation study indicates that the finite sample relative efficiency often matches the asymptotic relative efficiency for moderate sample sizes this technique is very general and has a wide range of applications | [['a', 'variance', 'reduction', 'technique', 'in', 'nonparametric', 'smoothing', 'is', 'proposed', 'at', 'each', 'point', 'of', 'estimation', 'form', 'a', 'linear', 'combination', 'of', 'a', 'preliminary', 'estimator', 'evaluated', 'at', 'nearby', 'points', 'with', 'the', 'coefficients', 'specified', 'so', 'that', 'the', 'asymptotic', 'bias', 'remains', 'unchanged', 'the', 'nearby', 'points', 'are', 'chosen', 'to', 'maximize', 'the', 'variance', 'reduction', 'we', 'study', 'in', 'detail', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'univariate', 'local', 'linear', 'regression', 'while', 'the', 'new', 'estimator', 'retains', 'many', 'advantages', 'of', 'the', 'local', 'linear', 'estimator', 'it', 'has', 'appealing', 'asymptotic', 'relative', 'efficiencies', 'bandwidth', 'selection', 'rules', 'are', 'available', 'by', 'a', 'simple', 'constant', 'factor', 'adjustment', 'of', 'those', 'for', 'local', 'linear', 'estimation', 'a', 'simulation', 'study', 'indicates', 'that', 'the', 'finite', 'sample', 'relative', 'efficiency', 'often', 'matches', 'the', 'asymptotic', 'relative', 'efficiency', 'for', 'moderate', 'sample', 'sizes', 'this', 'technique', 'is', 'very', 'general', 'and', 'has', 'a', 'wide', 'range', 'of', 'applications']] | [-0.0874439117279835, 0.0006666140630841255, -0.09260795643925666, 0.05633808420877904, -0.07110218051075935, -0.1470371965803206, 0.08003239376656711, 0.38154733341932295, -0.25219469602406025, -0.2894470510855317, 0.11857606022246182, -0.24558201425522566, -0.10505220517516137, 0.20432330959290265, -0.10032695737481118, 0.08508315206319093, 0.061723998323082924, 0.005941285640001297, -0.10820272674411535, -0.30425756525993347, 0.23435205948725343, 0.11119009989127517, 0.34716426811367274, -0.053754185155034065, 0.1509395180810243, 0.028134879149496556, -0.06418796146661043, 0.050772809624671934, -0.12200133795721922, 0.09047323229536414, 0.2587283338047564, 0.08285546845570206, 0.362525644544512, -0.282379735186114, -0.20216944234073161, 0.13038891384378076, 0.1347401646859944, 0.1019582412969321, -0.0365836778935045, -0.1772846125420183, 0.1311368990279734, -0.15573165727802551, -0.13898171957209707, -0.08295430279523135, -0.019826788118109107, 0.044832826923113314, -0.3253297378718853, 0.11180617598816753, 0.04492253336211434, 0.10112046268954873, -0.005922118712216616, -0.16750400045420974, 0.01420766968652606, 0.08458397053182125, 0.04644903028011322, -0.023748979554511607, 0.15464768623560668, -0.11936070041544736, -0.05991239856928587, 0.3208263519667089, -0.0761506737023592, -0.19777568732760847, 0.1780958136152476, -0.1373973402492702, -0.1247558233961463, 0.1560943336598575, 0.17540363385155797, 0.11933545378223062, -0.16103126568347215, 0.12084443269623443, -0.04378900489211082, 0.1402801770020742, 0.06109856533259153, 0.04352688833558932, 0.1604565167799592, 0.17139358370006083, 0.11889724749652669, 0.13841419031098484, -0.12031363836117089, -0.0782612913697958, -0.3170351298674941, -0.10851704517751933, -0.2187037572711706, -0.01862369877845049, -0.19646605421218555, -0.1657284841015935, 0.3919204492326826, 0.11758267944678664, 0.2078191233726684, 0.09323630913719536, 0.3187351106703281, 0.1663456104407087, 0.05140377830155194, 0.08745610021799803, 0.22916504719480874, 0.1194807260907255, 0.01806668916158378, -0.23774521736055612, 0.11466294941119849, 0.020149160616099834] |
708.1816 | Proposal for exotic-hadron search by fragmentation functions | It is proposed that fragmentation functions should be used to identify exotic
hadrons. As an example, fragmentation functions of the scalar meson f_0(980)
are investigated. It is pointed out that the second moments and functional
forms of the u- and s-quark fragmentation functions can distinguish the
tetraquark structure from $q\bar q$. By the global analysis of f_0 (980)
production data in electron-positron annihilation, its fragmentation functions
and their uncertainties are determined. It is found that the current available
data are not sufficient to determine its internal structure, while precise data
in future should be able to identify exotic quark configurations.
| hep-ph hep-ex nucl-ex nucl-th | it is proposed that fragmentation functions should be used to identify exotic hadrons as an example fragmentation functions of the scalar meson f_0980 are investigated it is pointed out that the second moments and functional forms of the u and squark fragmentation functions can distinguish the tetraquark structure from qbar q by the global analysis of f_0 980 production data in electronpositron annihilation its fragmentation functions and their uncertainties are determined it is found that the current available data are not sufficient to determine its internal structure while precise data in future should be able to identify exotic quark configurations | [['it', 'is', 'proposed', 'that', 'fragmentation', 'functions', 'should', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'identify', 'exotic', 'hadrons', 'as', 'an', 'example', 'fragmentation', 'functions', 'of', 'the', 'scalar', 'meson', 'f_0980', 'are', 'investigated', 'it', 'is', 'pointed', 'out', 'that', 'the', 'second', 'moments', 'and', 'functional', 'forms', 'of', 'the', 'u', 'and', 'squark', 'fragmentation', 'functions', 'can', 'distinguish', 'the', 'tetraquark', 'structure', 'from', 'qbar', 'q', 'by', 'the', 'global', 'analysis', 'of', 'f_0', '980', 'production', 'data', 'in', 'electronpositron', 'annihilation', 'its', 'fragmentation', 'functions', 'and', 'their', 'uncertainties', 'are', 'determined', 'it', 'is', 'found', 'that', 'the', 'current', 'available', 'data', 'are', 'not', 'sufficient', 'to', 'determine', 'its', 'internal', 'structure', 'while', 'precise', 'data', 'in', 'future', 'should', 'be', 'able', 'to', 'identify', 'exotic', 'quark', 'configurations']] | [-0.08983067406341433, 0.18360914002303616, -0.1355003879009746, 0.20123680168646388, -0.09161320542916655, -0.09036148578859865, 0.013623614981770515, 0.37156737205572427, -0.2443786509661004, -0.22531280270311982, 0.030963587441947313, -0.28087749615311625, -0.035758235771209, 0.1375884828111157, 0.08713712688535452, 0.09787449744413607, 0.07705786441802047, 0.030736580388620496, -0.02625754380831495, -0.24854429570492356, 0.3613631177134812, 0.020182047584094108, 0.22247244310099631, 0.1334031218662858, -0.012615617919946089, -0.043255460612708706, -0.045434506548917855, -0.0829922154173255, -0.12887937733750732, 0.05819070102646947, 0.2561898612734512, 0.15735322664491833, 0.15510908931028097, -0.3626598327234387, -0.14860591794131323, 0.12686467895749956, 0.14966703969053924, 0.05534322992432863, 0.01420204872265458, -0.2977872840501368, 0.15107214592106175, -0.193776128673926, -0.14420004219282417, -0.1937447284720838, 0.0479475493892096, 0.010068865403882228, -0.33805318199214524, 0.04818854734301567, -0.028569444365566597, -0.032876626204233615, -0.05162474279291928, -0.18373243398731576, -0.14623224785551428, 0.084977125832811, 0.0790121522010304, 0.11426576047670096, 0.2019374649086967, -0.15774891615204978, -0.11766985595342704, 0.40608267109841106, -0.01032475999556482, -0.22903329265856884, 0.14830782681005075, -0.179482884099707, -0.12343687458429485, 0.13514403076842427, 0.16968946600332857, 0.07888938452582807, -0.20312621014309115, 0.06961631377984304, -0.016887601697817445, 0.1588201295933686, 0.09421205603051931, 0.046807865598239004, 0.2319611409213394, 0.13715016544796527, -0.026448286082595588, 0.09514942938229069, -0.04386482681205962, -0.06703581804409624, -0.3709255353175104, -0.10448424676898867, -0.12646275984123348, 0.046098176267842066, -0.02631071145136957, -0.12811847682576627, 0.34699757910333573, 0.08363762841094285, 0.23854939810931683, -0.04971138230059296, 0.290170332454145, 0.09620683855901006, 0.12514805609490395, 0.07925302126212046, 0.278549047857523, 0.15433518081204967, 0.10429737045895308, -0.21566122273477958, 0.06762812159024179, -0.014555764007382095] |
708.1817 | Dark energy and cosmic curvature: Monte-Carlo Markov Chain approach | We use the Monte-Carlo Markov Chain method to explore the dark energy
property and the cosmic curvature by fitting two popular dark energy
parameterizations to the observational data. The new 182 gold supernova Ia data
and the ESSENCE data both give good constraint on the DE parameters and the
cosmic curvature for the dark energy model $w_0+w_a z/(1+z)$. The cosmic
curvature is found to be $|\Omega_k|\la 0.03$. For the dark energy model
$w_0+w_a z/(1+z)^2$, the ESSENCE data gives better constraint on the cosmic
curvature and we get $|\Omega_k|\leq 0.02$.
| astro-ph | we use the montecarlo markov chain method to explore the dark energy property and the cosmic curvature by fitting two popular dark energy parameterizations to the observational data the new 182 gold supernova ia data and the essence data both give good constraint on the de parameters and the cosmic curvature for the dark energy model w_0w_a z1z the cosmic curvature is found to be omega_kla 003 for the dark energy model w_0w_a z1z2 the essence data gives better constraint on the cosmic curvature and we get omega_kleq 002 | [['we', 'use', 'the', 'montecarlo', 'markov', 'chain', 'method', 'to', 'explore', 'the', 'dark', 'energy', 'property', 'and', 'the', 'cosmic', 'curvature', 'by', 'fitting', 'two', 'popular', 'dark', 'energy', 'parameterizations', 'to', 'the', 'observational', 'data', 'the', 'new', '182', 'gold', 'supernova', 'ia', 'data', 'and', 'the', 'essence', 'data', 'both', 'give', 'good', 'constraint', 'on', 'the', 'de', 'parameters', 'and', 'the', 'cosmic', 'curvature', 'for', 'the', 'dark', 'energy', 'model', 'w_0w_a', 'z1z', 'the', 'cosmic', 'curvature', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'omega_kla', '003', 'for', 'the', 'dark', 'energy', 'model', 'w_0w_a', 'z1z2', 'the', 'essence', 'data', 'gives', 'better', 'constraint', 'on', 'the', 'cosmic', 'curvature', 'and', 'we', 'get', 'omega_kleq', '002']] | [-0.08592592917339897, 0.060121550845603146, -0.11089138647048981, 0.22246109294549873, -0.16059111074769292, -0.09157421853093581, -0.006339308741534579, 0.32311919405414113, -0.2502834269584253, -0.4021787651568309, 0.03256204796034372, -0.3157277539286805, 0.0400856373960088, 0.1938843192885919, 0.017433627294483542, 0.020640793845228766, 0.049400510009506654, -0.0021251313302708768, -0.002517323437864068, -0.27475448941876146, 0.31613341200261796, 0.17729467568897653, 0.3155022945433009, 0.04894221143732811, 0.12567060253443732, -0.04197885971730468, -0.05380406365569296, -0.05482360275312402, -0.29882166389076187, 0.07628787096975179, 0.1584244212371514, 0.15489194971434345, 0.1520781156168073, -0.3918484850604644, -0.25900589339113955, 0.18529062848752256, 0.09620287831894112, 0.09179485976915464, -0.05469328329106258, -0.28527563609097195, 0.035926486429726255, -0.12585950260660772, -0.0994333507139878, -0.03537638045997284, -0.09629297753175099, 0.0010675523609415382, -0.23097504626212897, 0.15836949355300817, -0.03629130989998237, -0.03834653956194719, -0.10861955747950351, -0.14215664188752228, -0.04478508314310477, -0.010002830435104412, 0.08467006174333651, 0.044807491904317306, 0.09865856700544727, -0.10475387077393203, -0.023253624773070473, 0.4091912967971815, -0.13697486509965068, -0.13508536902138557, 0.0934348405317414, -0.0855342594895983, -0.13129968097668954, 0.12308428371218087, 0.12109059489321435, 0.015093249282210895, -0.16975004027394214, 0.11891631150735948, 0.05627292522025862, 0.18064907972497501, 0.016326231705345983, 0.003719742366814606, 0.24891618150018754, 0.146202699452553, 0.06351428357991336, 0.02279434154939506, -0.1711374669357192, -0.046337374368275716, -0.2914996750160367, -0.15828183536075227, -0.17895075339481406, 0.04541149418586972, -0.21178064485088569, -0.1392992876132886, 0.38172282047312833, 0.09556625324306481, 0.20506307379952793, 0.09566412822225656, 0.33059394914100226, 0.030901484025492407, 0.0021540068689434007, 0.0661735518236013, 0.3072407960787351, 0.12207288478351273, 0.11917708839835792, -0.21753487751508752, 0.005872512091721954, 0.014740548733536196] |
708.1818 | Computational Simulation and 3D Virtual Reality Engineering Tools for
Dynamical Modeling and Imaging of Composite Nanomaterials | An adventure at engineering design and modeling is possible with a Virtual
Reality Environment (VRE) that uses multiple computer-generated media to let a
user experience situations that are temporally and spatially prohibiting. In
this paper, an approach to developing some advanced architecture and modeling
tools is presented to allow multiple frameworks work together while being
shielded from the application program. This architecture is being developed in
a framework of workbench interactive tools for next generation
nanoparticle-reinforced damping/dynamic systems. Through the use of system, an
engineer/programmer can respectively concentrate on tailoring an engineering
design concept of novel system and the application software design while using
existing databases/software outputs.
| cs.CE cond-mat.other | an adventure at engineering design and modeling is possible with a virtual reality environment vre that uses multiple computergenerated media to let a user experience situations that are temporally and spatially prohibiting in this paper an approach to developing some advanced architecture and modeling tools is presented to allow multiple frameworks work together while being shielded from the application program this architecture is being developed in a framework of workbench interactive tools for next generation nanoparticlereinforced dampingdynamic systems through the use of system an engineerprogrammer can respectively concentrate on tailoring an engineering design concept of novel system and the application software design while using existing databasessoftware outputs | [['an', 'adventure', 'at', 'engineering', 'design', 'and', 'modeling', 'is', 'possible', 'with', 'a', 'virtual', 'reality', 'environment', 'vre', 'that', 'uses', 'multiple', 'computergenerated', 'media', 'to', 'let', 'a', 'user', 'experience', 'situations', 'that', 'are', 'temporally', 'and', 'spatially', 'prohibiting', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'an', 'approach', 'to', 'developing', 'some', 'advanced', 'architecture', 'and', 'modeling', 'tools', 'is', 'presented', 'to', 'allow', 'multiple', 'frameworks', 'work', 'together', 'while', 'being', 'shielded', 'from', 'the', 'application', 'program', 'this', 'architecture', 'is', 'being', 'developed', 'in', 'a', 'framework', 'of', 'workbench', 'interactive', 'tools', 'for', 'next', 'generation', 'nanoparticlereinforced', 'dampingdynamic', 'systems', 'through', 'the', 'use', 'of', 'system', 'an', 'engineerprogrammer', 'can', 'respectively', 'concentrate', 'on', 'tailoring', 'an', 'engineering', 'design', 'concept', 'of', 'novel', 'system', 'and', 'the', 'application', 'software', 'design', 'while', 'using', 'existing', 'databasessoftware', 'outputs']] | [-0.09120511708360672, 0.04722517658786812, -0.08680954262234487, -0.013791318141936678, -0.10568774506015685, -0.17901000091625216, -0.007005238194624414, 0.41730629638271427, -0.26405613211625556, -0.3295345985357767, 0.1066467909693935, -0.2467195672001147, -0.2093337051687961, 0.25381704712811026, -0.0931305426751598, 0.04405973647219283, 0.07468736081980892, -0.038964993028802054, -0.007860717933299472, -0.18316327329743112, 0.32402896582718616, 0.07933981861756409, 0.3220372608709104, 0.03804836813157009, 0.07275099609752447, 0.06542587886085209, -0.031857645614931665, -0.018212708583535644, -0.04550445327623996, 0.20896550464145477, 0.2984136491177549, 0.22028270775669265, 0.37232615339379865, -0.4565690286927721, -0.2169553576200043, 0.01953308532032573, 0.13755119262371682, 0.092542464975991, -0.08201918559650737, -0.30945973611861755, 0.08388982469089401, -0.20717677948725166, -0.11747513371474534, -0.09484076538932447, -0.04015651753949888, -0.0223050325288374, -0.2805658850041263, -0.09747651382123382, 0.028512338255486876, 0.07074370610446316, -0.0509814338993679, -0.06109777570575548, 0.051646929317904475, 0.17834315615371593, -0.04210750039924587, 0.03296901541988103, 0.141402892198174, -0.11399241933798038, -0.16980745739222153, 0.37688060045622074, -0.0057347318885432, -0.19622800979329255, 0.2479541606758043, 0.00427708069531663, -0.1405186959298201, 0.0894296454464637, 0.2545943503240937, 0.10515925235756972, -0.21702583052796645, 0.04684417199533324, 0.033897170787948426, 0.1946987377307875, -0.009316008197238615, 0.014899148754956364, 0.2346646712903042, 0.25382938657353804, 0.046977513397419915, 0.14286343138484123, -0.0271643088538272, -0.06680679501054664, -0.268616903818538, -0.1728093262300691, -0.14154951001779692, -0.025363549517775044, -0.005459316815724325, -0.15507515334949187, 0.3518536531013771, 0.20828272966053157, 0.10089654770896779, 0.05034360906913949, 0.3796374377188752, 0.04927352694365042, 0.06815033097688145, 0.07786117672233038, 0.1521712031356145, 0.04672434787690929, 0.18202827081482098, -0.11483014275735805, 0.07730978955650358, 0.004094411732032172] |
708.1819 | Quasi-Nilpotent Operators on Locally Convex Spaces | In this article we extend the notion of quasi-nilpotent equivalent operators,
introduced by Colojoara and Foias \cite{co1} for Banach spaces, to the class of
bounded operators on sequentially complete locally convex spaces.
| math.FA | in this article we extend the notion of quasinilpotent equivalent operators introduced by colojoara and foias citeco1 for banach spaces to the class of bounded operators on sequentially complete locally convex spaces | [['in', 'this', 'article', 'we', 'extend', 'the', 'notion', 'of', 'quasinilpotent', 'equivalent', 'operators', 'introduced', 'by', 'colojoara', 'and', 'foias', 'citeco1', 'for', 'banach', 'spaces', 'to', 'the', 'class', 'of', 'bounded', 'operators', 'on', 'sequentially', 'complete', 'locally', 'convex', 'spaces']] | [-0.054141037706886566, 0.1423156390327119, 0.016506599089611444, 0.11847845577229295, -0.09120426028065624, -0.07228707311855208, 0.02238822908651444, 0.3775891689283232, -0.32981526382988496, -0.08625970229566578, 0.13019236290241562, -0.242053366356319, -0.13597024006829148, 0.17862068032545428, -0.253057639084516, 0.0703931863029157, 0.022694412859216813, 0.023048806695207473, -0.14433076650264762, -0.3265308641017445, 0.5553368661672838, -0.060563228603812955, 0.1685833092778921, 0.057155735670558865, 0.1318072575339747, 0.08170767641446043, -0.09248729160566244, 0.07840322528875643, -0.20505642097803853, 0.2109397690022184, 0.308428967191327, 0.10025719161175432, 0.3463199588079606, -0.3620958869015017, -0.13441654105460452, 0.23766714716029744, 0.0701309557283117, -0.08601963712323096, 0.02659909966056265, -0.3726180872669624, 0.08277059262317996, -0.15499084947570677, -0.10411389371860892, -0.12810573162090394, 0.04417789916718198, -0.0033877716369686587, -0.31050211434522945, -0.032404188246976946, 0.18509347724818415, 0.06819421891123056, -0.16199414732475434, -0.03932114068659082, -0.02763744243120234, -0.02126055284433307, -0.10474907198259907, 0.08967084771082286, 0.05577813799402887, 0.08489354424208644, -0.14592928265131289, 0.27787378754827285, -0.06048737910966719, -0.28930410700699977, 0.11858977659815742, -0.16887784645622295, -0.16354623941644544, 0.03515652711352994, 0.14532841543757147, 0.23854047564729566, -0.13705877319819504, 0.24994980444523296, -0.12458325060264717, 0.01649999071753794, 0.07969967323926187, 0.1068164564428791, 0.013622294510564497, 0.07232142130153314, 0.2182936622130294, 0.17887405876911455, 0.1654624476082503, -0.07336303475688422, -0.3529366076353096, -0.14818131729900355, -0.1361683063854974, 0.04863917515162499, -0.04484476996238358, -0.19734828572179522, 0.3935016295121562, 0.07783393477720599, 0.15179769754890474, 0.1819569768023587, 0.16040743398480117, 0.05594966912101353, 0.03318051266814432, 0.08024280911852275, 0.13567568181503203, 0.25159800224637074, 0.09406197556264458, -0.08964447250529643, -0.024807709509566907, 0.3074940456722435] |
708.182 | Confidence sets for split points in decision trees | We investigate the problem of finding confidence sets for split points in
decision trees (CART). Our main results establish the asymptotic distribution
of the least squares estimators and some associated residual sum of squares
statistics in a binary decision tree approximation to a smooth regression
curve. Cube-root asymptotics with nonnormal limit distributions are involved.
We study various confidence sets for the split point, one calibrated using the
subsampling bootstrap, and others calibrated using plug-in estimates of some
nuisance parameters. The performance of the confidence sets is assessed in a
simulation study. A motivation for developing such confidence sets comes from
the problem of phosphorus pollution in the Everglades. Ecologists have
suggested that split points provide a phosphorus threshold at which biological
imbalance occurs, and the lower endpoint of the confidence set may be
interpreted as a level that is protective of the ecosystem. This is illustrated
using data from a Duke University Wetlands Center phosphorus dosing study in
the Everglades.
| math.ST stat.TH | we investigate the problem of finding confidence sets for split points in decision trees cart our main results establish the asymptotic distribution of the least squares estimators and some associated residual sum of squares statistics in a binary decision tree approximation to a smooth regression curve cuberoot asymptotics with nonnormal limit distributions are involved we study various confidence sets for the split point one calibrated using the subsampling bootstrap and others calibrated using plugin estimates of some nuisance parameters the performance of the confidence sets is assessed in a simulation study a motivation for developing such confidence sets comes from the problem of phosphorus pollution in the everglades ecologists have suggested that split points provide a phosphorus threshold at which biological imbalance occurs and the lower endpoint of the confidence set may be interpreted as a level that is protective of the ecosystem this is illustrated using data from a duke university wetlands center phosphorus dosing study in the everglades | [['we', 'investigate', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'finding', 'confidence', 'sets', 'for', 'split', 'points', 'in', 'decision', 'trees', 'cart', 'our', 'main', 'results', 'establish', 'the', 'asymptotic', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'least', 'squares', 'estimators', 'and', 'some', 'associated', 'residual', 'sum', 'of', 'squares', 'statistics', 'in', 'a', 'binary', 'decision', 'tree', 'approximation', 'to', 'a', 'smooth', 'regression', 'curve', 'cuberoot', 'asymptotics', 'with', 'nonnormal', 'limit', 'distributions', 'are', 'involved', 'we', 'study', 'various', 'confidence', 'sets', 'for', 'the', 'split', 'point', 'one', 'calibrated', 'using', 'the', 'subsampling', 'bootstrap', 'and', 'others', 'calibrated', 'using', 'plugin', 'estimates', 'of', 'some', 'nuisance', 'parameters', 'the', 'performance', 'of', 'the', 'confidence', 'sets', 'is', 'assessed', 'in', 'a', 'simulation', 'study', 'a', 'motivation', 'for', 'developing', 'such', 'confidence', 'sets', 'comes', 'from', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'phosphorus', 'pollution', 'in', 'the', 'everglades', 'ecologists', 'have', 'suggested', 'that', 'split', 'points', 'provide', 'a', 'phosphorus', 'threshold', 'at', 'which', 'biological', 'imbalance', 'occurs', 'and', 'the', 'lower', 'endpoint', 'of', 'the', 'confidence', 'set', 'may', 'be', 'interpreted', 'as', 'a', 'level', 'that', 'is', 'protective', 'of', 'the', 'ecosystem', 'this', 'is', 'illustrated', 'using', 'data', 'from', 'a', 'duke', 'university', 'wetlands', 'center', 'phosphorus', 'dosing', 'study', 'in', 'the', 'everglades']] | [-0.09137778249350959, 0.0367682335228892, -0.09668242761108559, 0.13927771750168177, -0.030005869049773537, -0.11650991254427936, 0.14806480805273167, 0.34860006627859547, -0.22623097355826757, -0.26386575895594433, 0.16098985342177913, -0.30472108284011484, -0.11625084334518761, 0.204969395295484, -0.09569147548172623, 0.06896244090166874, 0.09429216744174482, 0.0011202542040336994, -0.02195498602814041, -0.2595624459849205, 0.3031999253958929, 0.04605208250577562, 0.2918919205898419, -0.007754052223754115, 0.09380601662342088, 0.018288987330743113, -0.017377081996528432, 0.01485853750273236, -0.11101046094308913, 0.12637279396585654, 0.2993060467691976, 0.14708251648116857, 0.32591921751154584, -0.33054908363264984, -0.19153467565629398, 0.12150994229887147, 0.1142990948705119, 0.06744052887879662, -0.040297493565594776, -0.2547466530500969, 0.07451718488009647, -0.158518789941445, -0.14004244910611305, -0.03777009875775548, -0.05428492019818805, 0.021267767133394955, -0.29093921416206286, 0.052424136837362315, 0.026548255972738844, 0.09320652168462402, -0.04895715860766359, -0.20479299223807174, -0.051949509155383565, 0.12295332280045841, 0.05199761705225683, -0.009428302926789912, 0.10696026799851097, -0.08702775729907444, -0.11916614597721491, 0.3253883495985065, -0.03583747977681924, -0.18774173411657102, 0.17036677996220534, -0.14809535380773015, -0.16236497048230375, 0.09426508067845134, 0.20540790669328998, 0.09478955851664068, -0.1824964748317143, 0.08098710158265021, -0.04573343170923181, 0.1161930441043296, 0.10481251975579653, -0.05389636081235949, 0.20642670542292763, 0.2041590810782509, 0.07557369419519092, 0.14798005166594522, -0.11297639857402828, -0.051436004650895484, -0.29999552528606727, -0.10781922793830745, -0.16416619179653935, 0.027573221937200288, -0.14311886064797363, -0.22029765458282782, 0.37465911004692315, 0.1601532812746882, 0.2255413138977019, 0.08444344082854513, 0.25943523429450577, 0.14767066599097234, 0.01919318119180389, 0.06335550191288349, 0.19046460444842522, 0.12739986431361103, -0.026451068194000983, -0.15794700597411976, 0.09328646147769178, 0.07036185879842378] |
708.1821 | Preliminary Results on Vibration Damping Properties of
Nanoscale-Reinforced Composite Materials | The focus in this paper is an analysis of existing state of the arts directed
toward the development of the next generation of vibration damping systems. The
research work concentrates on an investigation related to
nanoparticles/fibres/tubes-reinforced materials and coatings dynamic
characterization and modeling of the fundamental phenomena that control
relationships between structure and damping/mechanical properties of the
materials. We simulated composite materials using finite element and mesh free
methods, using a hollow shell representation of the individual nanotube/fiber.
Results of the research work will provide a platform for the development of
nanoparticle-reinforced damping materials that are light-weight, vibration and
shock resistant. The outcome of the research work is expected to have
wide-ranging technical benefits with direct relevance to industry in areas of
transportation (aerospace, automotive, rail), electronics and civil
infrastructure development.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the focus in this paper is an analysis of existing state of the arts directed toward the development of the next generation of vibration damping systems the research work concentrates on an investigation related to nanoparticlesfibrestubesreinforced materials and coatings dynamic characterization and modeling of the fundamental phenomena that control relationships between structure and dampingmechanical properties of the materials we simulated composite materials using finite element and mesh free methods using a hollow shell representation of the individual nanotubefiber results of the research work will provide a platform for the development of nanoparticlereinforced damping materials that are lightweight vibration and shock resistant the outcome of the research work is expected to have wideranging technical benefits with direct relevance to industry in areas of transportation aerospace automotive rail electronics and civil infrastructure development | [['the', 'focus', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'is', 'an', 'analysis', 'of', 'existing', 'state', 'of', 'the', 'arts', 'directed', 'toward', 'the', 'development', 'of', 'the', 'next', 'generation', 'of', 'vibration', 'damping', 'systems', 'the', 'research', 'work', 'concentrates', 'on', 'an', 'investigation', 'related', 'to', 'nanoparticlesfibrestubesreinforced', 'materials', 'and', 'coatings', 'dynamic', 'characterization', 'and', 'modeling', 'of', 'the', 'fundamental', 'phenomena', 'that', 'control', 'relationships', 'between', 'structure', 'and', 'dampingmechanical', 'properties', 'of', 'the', 'materials', 'we', 'simulated', 'composite', 'materials', 'using', 'finite', 'element', 'and', 'mesh', 'free', 'methods', 'using', 'a', 'hollow', 'shell', 'representation', 'of', 'the', 'individual', 'nanotubefiber', 'results', 'of', 'the', 'research', 'work', 'will', 'provide', 'a', 'platform', 'for', 'the', 'development', 'of', 'nanoparticlereinforced', 'damping', 'materials', 'that', 'are', 'lightweight', 'vibration', 'and', 'shock', 'resistant', 'the', 'outcome', 'of', 'the', 'research', 'work', 'is', 'expected', 'to', 'have', 'wideranging', 'technical', 'benefits', 'with', 'direct', 'relevance', 'to', 'industry', 'in', 'areas', 'of', 'transportation', 'aerospace', 'automotive', 'rail', 'electronics', 'and', 'civil', 'infrastructure', 'development']] | [-0.10944996132170708, 0.10388203566792187, -0.05354386537819807, -0.03641682908243287, -0.10353518434338213, -0.09367110129944452, 0.015561651600722782, 0.39243998626379045, -0.24607857696961347, -0.2929726050099666, 0.13328697675688736, -0.2835764240209512, -0.18586197223763648, 0.25144238445145173, -0.06112948497463986, 0.07155408631408895, 0.0709616280798837, -0.045300983557776425, -0.04018032256908913, -0.18047484791998963, 0.2775704739285325, 0.08968513970094638, 0.38413945780187025, 0.09458809129629783, 0.04295348997895173, -0.012183564902285771, -0.0335110002307324, -0.01501487661153078, -0.13001546891111473, 0.22508587305045386, 0.30784478583043134, 0.13113877168438565, 0.34409060155584176, -0.466662877950612, -0.24883603640487345, 0.03601875070273495, 0.093498299730663, 0.07128429269476787, -0.09317278686459873, -0.257024532255504, 0.04390263543684241, -0.19309150170549516, -0.16624255881710784, -0.05241561315103075, 0.028634661757277222, 0.05068734198016679, -0.20125826318266135, -0.02691711940780634, 0.0627318659804644, 0.11711593761702808, -0.09265273795866473, -0.1352162580849148, -0.004989410523237206, 0.168022157037704, 0.062181710995235076, -0.020467278836446258, 0.195313061227725, -0.18961399473070248, -0.15344711587448992, 0.42748791469246383, -0.0012015286085056507, -0.1451055229252835, 0.21644937010173956, -0.08179670713079257, -0.1289901647636095, 0.09089554419125041, 0.2456346048394174, 0.07864523289622519, -0.1582769194483119, 0.04202548214729406, 0.027022044951697504, 0.12960236823538274, 0.014633441670233106, 0.0378901872089074, 0.20543578140232271, 0.28095641878880856, 0.08441944377988166, 0.14160886101010364, -0.06950279693009229, -0.07544373310955725, -0.25699816459393876, -0.21279128334360328, -0.1527171671962527, -0.004512373217762866, -0.010733273028814065, -0.1958217665289096, 0.3995191273756149, 0.1667243912770215, 0.06418845265018423, -0.031167972832918167, 0.3280806301645641, 0.022182333438957886, 0.056899440493141336, 0.010389161164190357, 0.23309613469489446, 0.12397079078451269, 0.16211837247439373, -0.1934554249994222, 0.08944198436206427, 0.0024902219150772713] |
708.1822 | Suspension of Nanoparticles in SU-8 and Characterization of
Nanocomposite Properties | Gold nanospheres, single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT), and diamonoids were
phyically incorporated into the negative photoresist SU-8. the mixtures were
spin cast onto silicon or aluminium coated silicon wafers. ASTM standard D638
tensile specimens were lithographically patterned in the materials and then
released from the substrate using Microchem'Omnicoat or an anodic metal
dissolution process. the residual stresses, elastic moduli, and viscosity of
the SU-8. Resistivity measurements of SU-8/SWNT nanocomposites were also
investigates. We found the effective modulus and viscosity of the SU-8 test
specimens decreases with the addition of diamantane and SWNTs. Additionally,
the SU-8/SWNT nanocomposites showed changes in resistivity with increased
strain, suggesting a gauge factor for the 1 wt% SU-8/SWNT nanocomposite of
approximately 2-4.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | gold nanospheres single wall carbon nanotubes swnt and diamonoids were phyically incorporated into the negative photoresist su8 the mixtures were spin cast onto silicon or aluminium coated silicon wafers astm standard d638 tensile specimens were lithographically patterned in the materials and then released from the substrate using microchemomnicoat or an anodic metal dissolution process the residual stresses elastic moduli and viscosity of the su8 resistivity measurements of su8swnt nanocomposites were also investigates we found the effective modulus and viscosity of the su8 test specimens decreases with the addition of diamantane and swnts additionally the su8swnt nanocomposites showed changes in resistivity with increased strain suggesting a gauge factor for the 1 wt su8swnt nanocomposite of approximately 24 | [['gold', 'nanospheres', 'single', 'wall', 'carbon', 'nanotubes', 'swnt', 'and', 'diamonoids', 'were', 'phyically', 'incorporated', 'into', 'the', 'negative', 'photoresist', 'su8', 'the', 'mixtures', 'were', 'spin', 'cast', 'onto', 'silicon', 'or', 'aluminium', 'coated', 'silicon', 'wafers', 'astm', 'standard', 'd638', 'tensile', 'specimens', 'were', 'lithographically', 'patterned', 'in', 'the', 'materials', 'and', 'then', 'released', 'from', 'the', 'substrate', 'using', 'microchemomnicoat', 'or', 'an', 'anodic', 'metal', 'dissolution', 'process', 'the', 'residual', 'stresses', 'elastic', 'moduli', 'and', 'viscosity', 'of', 'the', 'su8', 'resistivity', 'measurements', 'of', 'su8swnt', 'nanocomposites', 'were', 'also', 'investigates', 'we', 'found', 'the', 'effective', 'modulus', 'and', 'viscosity', 'of', 'the', 'su8', 'test', 'specimens', 'decreases', 'with', 'the', 'addition', 'of', 'diamantane', 'and', 'swnts', 'additionally', 'the', 'su8swnt', 'nanocomposites', 'showed', 'changes', 'in', 'resistivity', 'with', 'increased', 'strain', 'suggesting', 'a', 'gauge', 'factor', 'for', 'the', '1', 'wt', 'su8swnt', 'nanocomposite', 'of', 'approximately', '24']] | [-0.04468236341251343, 0.21892892310396356, -0.012686800828045566, -0.14384551880712998, 0.045504951350657005, -0.16575469077049224, 0.053094347454524335, 0.4898465611040592, -0.24204961039192444, -0.3007702351398101, 0.05291491396201309, -0.34286342158780564, -0.10722181455016003, 0.12700877085028747, -0.008866789540271773, 0.07817030193733185, 0.01900847228509, -0.12698216273981547, -0.07280637163993171, -0.23553124834461414, 0.18013394688023254, 0.05154874759526657, 0.3850265018741733, 0.10573476445279084, 0.08463005736536745, -0.028468330234837986, 0.06411765970655584, 0.03630586563044095, -0.17244562111409323, 0.08445101500293666, 0.18160158377265492, -0.15763859963044524, 0.1318065849398928, -0.5288556901671525, -0.2044283607808341, -0.026035103697462807, 0.08585767989695471, 0.07680326790848215, -0.05244035228159711, -0.234677548225071, 0.07229471303539217, -0.10695040582712474, -0.07620217790931097, -0.0065617245771656075, -0.03567423736967612, -0.014114870739701604, -0.23458702604537912, 0.0992034592122114, 0.03176573309714773, 0.11264931365232249, -0.16326852564400593, -0.23879472325955117, -0.12985821103419376, 0.006931743904715404, 0.08291929430535154, -0.0087259665680384, 0.39381114701557507, -0.10593140946834215, -0.01905316706688609, 0.3527495208628742, -0.07203142175733644, -0.09211860036677015, 0.14735319114905515, -0.10834588435084568, 0.0027901878638658673, 0.20425238124360995, 0.15065983192055551, 0.1014963531633839, -0.20643678205254087, 0.011797350541850651, 0.03096235417407505, 0.2190964675194534, 0.1999819691326203, -0.05839137706061592, 0.19947528790882124, 0.26965463986354216, -0.08786826352921448, 0.21468034664368524, -0.12544194805585512, 0.11074961733538657, -0.18134212951242393, -0.28241331757453736, -0.13512323812964105, 0.0990532828540641, -0.16209524445769471, -0.22060937028228572, 0.30699627307642785, -0.004969794760524694, 0.12338900834609896, -0.009355499434085297, 0.1677249854609337, -0.02964947446993652, 0.1683694294105018, -0.06451671270354252, 0.2960428680359785, 0.22217177260400994, 0.1370983578173244, -0.22813070050532197, 0.09460709763724091, -0.01867832719082279] |
708.1823 | Landscape phage, phage display, stripped phage, biosensors, detection,
affinity reagent, nanotechnology, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus anthracis | Filamentous phage, such as fd used in this study, are thread-shaped bacterial
viruses. Their outer coat is a tube formed by thousands equal copies of the
major coat protein pVIII. We constructed libraries of random peptides fused to
all pVIII domains and selected phages that act as probes specific for a panel
of test antigens and biological threat agents. Because the viral carrier is
infective, phage borne bio-selective probes can be cloned individually and
propagated indefinitely without needs of their chemical synthesis or
reconstructing. We demonstrated the feasibility of using landscape phages and
their stripped fusion proteins as new bioselective materials that combine
unique characteristics of affinity reagents and self assembling membrane
proteins. Biorecognition layers fabricated from phage-derived probes bind
biological agents and generate detectable signals. The performance of
phage-derived materials as biorecognition films was illustrated by detection of
streptavidin-coated beads, Bacillus anthracis spores and Salmonella typhimurium
cells. With further refinement, the phage-derived analytical platforms for
detecting and monitoring of numerous threat agents may be developed, since the
biodetector films may be obtained from landscape phages selected against any
bacteria, virus or toxin. As elements of field-use detectors, they are superior
to antibodies, since they are inexpensive, highly specific and strong binders,
resistant to high temperatures and environmental stresses.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci q-bio.CB | filamentous phage such as fd used in this study are threadshaped bacterial viruses their outer coat is a tube formed by thousands equal copies of the major coat protein pviii we constructed libraries of random peptides fused to all pviii domains and selected phages that act as probes specific for a panel of test antigens and biological threat agents because the viral carrier is infective phage borne bioselective probes can be cloned individually and propagated indefinitely without needs of their chemical synthesis or reconstructing we demonstrated the feasibility of using landscape phages and their stripped fusion proteins as new bioselective materials that combine unique characteristics of affinity reagents and self assembling membrane proteins biorecognition layers fabricated from phagederived probes bind biological agents and generate detectable signals the performance of phagederived materials as biorecognition films was illustrated by detection of streptavidincoated beads bacillus anthracis spores and salmonella typhimurium cells with further refinement the phagederived analytical platforms for detecting and monitoring of numerous threat agents may be developed since the biodetector films may be obtained from landscape phages selected against any bacteria virus or toxin as elements of fielduse detectors they are superior to antibodies since they are inexpensive highly specific and strong binders resistant to high temperatures and environmental stresses | [['filamentous', 'phage', 'such', 'as', 'fd', 'used', 'in', 'this', 'study', 'are', 'threadshaped', 'bacterial', 'viruses', 'their', 'outer', 'coat', 'is', 'a', 'tube', 'formed', 'by', 'thousands', 'equal', 'copies', 'of', 'the', 'major', 'coat', 'protein', 'pviii', 'we', 'constructed', 'libraries', 'of', 'random', 'peptides', 'fused', 'to', 'all', 'pviii', 'domains', 'and', 'selected', 'phages', 'that', 'act', 'as', 'probes', 'specific', 'for', 'a', 'panel', 'of', 'test', 'antigens', 'and', 'biological', 'threat', 'agents', 'because', 'the', 'viral', 'carrier', 'is', 'infective', 'phage', 'borne', 'bioselective', 'probes', 'can', 'be', 'cloned', 'individually', 'and', 'propagated', 'indefinitely', 'without', 'needs', 'of', 'their', 'chemical', 'synthesis', 'or', 'reconstructing', 'we', 'demonstrated', 'the', 'feasibility', 'of', 'using', 'landscape', 'phages', 'and', 'their', 'stripped', 'fusion', 'proteins', 'as', 'new', 'bioselective', 'materials', 'that', 'combine', 'unique', 'characteristics', 'of', 'affinity', 'reagents', 'and', 'self', 'assembling', 'membrane', 'proteins', 'biorecognition', 'layers', 'fabricated', 'from', 'phagederived', 'probes', 'bind', 'biological', 'agents', 'and', 'generate', 'detectable', 'signals', 'the', 'performance', 'of', 'phagederived', 'materials', 'as', 'biorecognition', 'films', 'was', 'illustrated', 'by', 'detection', 'of', 'streptavidincoated', 'beads', 'bacillus', 'anthracis', 'spores', 'and', 'salmonella', 'typhimurium', 'cells', 'with', 'further', 'refinement', 'the', 'phagederived', 'analytical', 'platforms', 'for', 'detecting', 'and', 'monitoring', 'of', 'numerous', 'threat', 'agents', 'may', 'be', 'developed', 'since', 'the', 'biodetector', 'films', 'may', 'be', 'obtained', 'from', 'landscape', 'phages', 'selected', 'against', 'any', 'bacteria', 'virus', 'or', 'toxin', 'as', 'elements', 'of', 'fielduse', 'detectors', 'they', 'are', 'superior', 'to', 'antibodies', 'since', 'they', 'are', 'inexpensive', 'highly', 'specific', 'and', 'strong', 'binders', 'resistant', 'to', 'high', 'temperatures', 'and', 'environmental', 'stresses']] | [-0.07765013974744316, 0.19214818334919126, -0.0217939429247624, 0.03616566723497931, -0.03461056001091778, -0.21919671270320668, 0.055045553845440166, 0.4117452816252469, -0.24246572153688425, -0.2868080631611234, 0.07571985041317485, -0.3094138282752943, -0.18972015760350497, 0.16534098509502798, -0.08446018711672913, 0.016941063314922813, 0.08277145670681242, -0.06725125390877627, 0.11419479187872425, -0.238101267312909, 0.1775256208345002, 0.08197245954458292, 0.2685648382358326, 0.024986373200126942, 0.11080815840065114, -0.029316374892825445, 0.01013990158874852, 0.020002895784701276, -0.12175906551170092, 0.11146889336740452, 0.3100875365692214, 0.14396692840062886, 0.2647513149776405, -0.5053400804526081, -0.23480882396003888, 0.11189018286862776, 0.18601740861406285, 0.1269541938775493, -0.10036611826588199, -0.2840215913784763, 0.11163856193090003, -0.16678693326527946, -0.11267626746420693, -0.09415585017025781, -0.01026133579822878, 0.11190370546954036, -0.21240907694742667, 0.050360788515022514, -0.02970007116285463, 0.08133070682878514, -0.09607056553895567, -0.14394733067556267, -0.1158293293111081, 0.2051888655930502, 0.05123477912845784, -0.025592776519867282, 0.329424259751606, -0.12119199385336947, -0.09135627887159596, 0.34785020835218294, 0.003250842080156943, -0.15212059023164615, 0.25085899589683713, -0.043575009220398454, -0.09064581630324635, 0.1710888028756017, 0.16333239563284543, 0.10860635196863144, -0.22055571668270027, -0.04424795176429838, 0.04946368098185927, 0.19218704264209258, 0.1539574708528794, -0.009792437891055848, 0.2377581688468162, 0.20666356594758292, -0.009444108757866072, 0.1179015321700432, -0.06333869662793244, -0.022365729323592307, -0.13418137659527038, -0.1809012876154727, -0.16096777019750638, 0.042813115526109426, -0.06085604201136591, -0.19095310805292398, 0.34273689445884276, 0.06236375040302222, 0.13672570621608482, 0.028446955546992374, 0.23392100358728832, -0.09220269328501422, 0.14747847865824132, -0.041785315866125564, 0.15974674226177454, 0.06915284557423244, 0.06388583863336667, -0.1964812709247424, 0.1803701559981039, -0.024132483169737765] |
708.1824 | The deffect effect on electronic conductance in binomially tailored
quantum wire | The paper considers the effect of the defects on the electronic transmission
properties in binomially tailored waveguide quantum wires, in which each Dirac
delta function potential strength have been weight on the binomial distribution
law. We have assumed that a single free-electron channel is incident on the
structure and the scattering of electrons is solely from the geometric nature
of the problem. We have used the transfer matrix method to study the electron
transmission. We found this novel structure has a good defect tolerance. We
found the structure tolerate up to in strength defect and in position defect
for the central Dirac delta function in the binomial distribution. Also, we
found this structure can tolerate both defect up to in strength and in position
dislocation
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the paper considers the effect of the defects on the electronic transmission properties in binomially tailored waveguide quantum wires in which each dirac delta function potential strength have been weight on the binomial distribution law we have assumed that a single freeelectron channel is incident on the structure and the scattering of electrons is solely from the geometric nature of the problem we have used the transfer matrix method to study the electron transmission we found this novel structure has a good defect tolerance we found the structure tolerate up to in strength defect and in position defect for the central dirac delta function in the binomial distribution also we found this structure can tolerate both defect up to in strength and in position dislocation | [['the', 'paper', 'considers', 'the', 'effect', 'of', 'the', 'defects', 'on', 'the', 'electronic', 'transmission', 'properties', 'in', 'binomially', 'tailored', 'waveguide', 'quantum', 'wires', 'in', 'which', 'each', 'dirac', 'delta', 'function', 'potential', 'strength', 'have', 'been', 'weight', 'on', 'the', 'binomial', 'distribution', 'law', 'we', 'have', 'assumed', 'that', 'a', 'single', 'freeelectron', 'channel', 'is', 'incident', 'on', 'the', 'structure', 'and', 'the', 'scattering', 'of', 'electrons', 'is', 'solely', 'from', 'the', 'geometric', 'nature', 'of', 'the', 'problem', 'we', 'have', 'used', 'the', 'transfer', 'matrix', 'method', 'to', 'study', 'the', 'electron', 'transmission', 'we', 'found', 'this', 'novel', 'structure', 'has', 'a', 'good', 'defect', 'tolerance', 'we', 'found', 'the', 'structure', 'tolerate', 'up', 'to', 'in', 'strength', 'defect', 'and', 'in', 'position', 'defect', 'for', 'the', 'central', 'dirac', 'delta', 'function', 'in', 'the', 'binomial', 'distribution', 'also', 'we', 'found', 'this', 'structure', 'can', 'tolerate', 'both', 'defect', 'up', 'to', 'in', 'strength', 'and', 'in', 'position', 'dislocation']] | [-0.1213085300270468, 0.10168871748331003, -0.07274578108638526, 0.026997269775718452, -0.0181745474152267, -0.12708729191869497, 0.05233695999439806, 0.4409128195643425, -0.29583166844258085, -0.28903981317579747, -0.0041044315239414575, -0.2932726363241672, -0.1567429050132632, 0.13645296164602042, -0.029214670814573764, 0.07383835867792368, -0.0062926064431667325, 0.0518191795386374, -0.05542761247418821, -0.2059156945142895, 0.33843109199404714, 0.07998390509281307, 0.32366803446412085, 0.10667035334091633, 0.03433632484823465, 0.04601949973031878, 0.0492320549339056, 0.00017670944333076478, -0.12369769793032902, 0.10808343072328716, 0.197984115883708, 0.008209096731618046, 0.23365559845417738, -0.41625839295983313, -0.2182310147844255, 0.062138129964470865, 0.14186816148180514, 0.12255555644910783, -0.06859651804622263, -0.22669294099509715, 0.10560440126806497, -0.16220344381034374, -0.1320267517566681, -0.0021534210946410897, -0.01270273880660534, 0.028452714236453177, -0.23580603238381445, 0.06878640222339891, 0.006885421425104141, 0.013080793522298337, -0.04747864319756627, -0.11228090367466212, -0.024762345403432848, 0.1100481849014759, -0.00863418887834996, -0.0005859526488929987, 0.13308249896019697, -0.12553037501126527, -0.103269464854151, 0.3833178332597017, -0.042776003658771516, -0.222313022531569, 0.12709770004125312, -0.18016112411348148, -0.1076375096179545, 0.13451719102635978, 0.18465583262220026, 0.08337922502803849, -0.12623614397831262, 0.09241943131620065, -0.022444868683815, 0.17667996017634868, 0.088220109321177, 0.04380760801210999, 0.20112367822229862, 0.12562766534090042, 0.06855349614052102, 0.15530507594347, -0.15360015522129833, -0.054911388758569955, -0.25705996543169024, -0.1458685974497348, -0.22548292884230614, 0.06948872294276953, -0.07998449200356844, -0.18856895627453923, 0.4339217804595828, 0.13554699239507317, 0.1936044452637434, -0.03142032999265939, 0.22354213121533395, 0.17697147445380687, 0.08648699239641428, 0.05555231491103768, 0.23601683181524277, 0.16424586445465683, 0.08747021102532744, -0.25182235158793626, 0.10089245445211419, 0.00885245893150568] |
708.1825 | Events and observables in generally invariant spacetime theories | We address the problem of observables in generally invariant spacetime
theories such as Einstein's general relativity. Using the refined notion of an
event as a ``point-coincidence'' between scalar fields that completely
characterise a spacetime model, we propose a generalisation of the relational
local observables that does not require the existence of four everywhere
invertible scalar fields. The collection of all point-coincidences forms in
generic situations a four-dimensional manifold, that is naturally identified
with the physical spacetime.
| gr-qc | we address the problem of observables in generally invariant spacetime theories such as einsteins general relativity using the refined notion of an event as a pointcoincidence between scalar fields that completely characterise a spacetime model we propose a generalisation of the relational local observables that does not require the existence of four everywhere invertible scalar fields the collection of all pointcoincidences forms in generic situations a fourdimensional manifold that is naturally identified with the physical spacetime | [['we', 'address', 'the', 'problem', 'of', 'observables', 'in', 'generally', 'invariant', 'spacetime', 'theories', 'such', 'as', 'einsteins', 'general', 'relativity', 'using', 'the', 'refined', 'notion', 'of', 'an', 'event', 'as', 'a', 'pointcoincidence', 'between', 'scalar', 'fields', 'that', 'completely', 'characterise', 'a', 'spacetime', 'model', 'we', 'propose', 'a', 'generalisation', 'of', 'the', 'relational', 'local', 'observables', 'that', 'does', 'not', 'require', 'the', 'existence', 'of', 'four', 'everywhere', 'invertible', 'scalar', 'fields', 'the', 'collection', 'of', 'all', 'pointcoincidences', 'forms', 'in', 'generic', 'situations', 'a', 'fourdimensional', 'manifold', 'that', 'is', 'naturally', 'identified', 'with', 'the', 'physical', 'spacetime']] | [-0.16881249516547933, 0.12366697318223463, -0.10127906526464063, 0.11882661987328902, -0.0921349159404132, -0.13918310552332047, -0.05764873337151634, 0.28793763228050256, -0.23195033560733538, -0.25383941600149545, 0.06356655044569257, -0.21522690516871376, -0.1830156733583961, 0.14781109906097473, -0.08593052669075897, 0.025378354346832714, 0.006541896567403062, 0.0890460186637938, -0.12470075690952079, -0.22151393243237524, 0.431923765928258, 0.017222125611796573, 0.22678164775307114, -0.01282920889757775, 0.14250634282802208, 0.025802350804411078, -0.009715849225333816, 0.09824782227342194, -0.09901092499579112, 0.07881157612900024, 0.24295394055583086, 0.18539599572132165, 0.21678270321540735, -0.3935856914047051, -0.2524807969913692, 0.15555590164621133, 0.12703519760052095, 0.12697512267363523, -0.02926519449259079, -0.27721564705810836, 0.05859875839480476, -0.16235625489640074, -0.16730686721417146, -0.11206040159497108, -0.0028634788720188916, -0.0723705220388601, -0.2611944616986187, 0.0721769446941294, 0.09075806840209642, 0.0530263564448703, -0.07888202543206815, -0.0007101432652357412, -0.017376780827731097, 0.07678281965136931, 0.06666684058350134, 0.03286879526677768, 0.12035948791969064, -0.10939804502334949, -0.16129073808032618, 0.4099927006943806, -0.07707204079456828, -0.299115617787843, 0.16565729677677155, -0.15073467024627166, -0.1808503469880167, 0.06709117874679332, 0.1322794572978809, 0.19282727746443973, -0.1691516726403623, 0.18062808182140863, -0.09397004568647291, 0.14182619252116294, 0.0673129608212794, 0.07536112399680565, 0.26015822085979823, 0.05432972951313934, 0.07415941983108988, 0.08975260844454169, 0.00859297625720501, -0.11438369477243238, -0.42588137480354793, -0.17006641637684927, -0.12186137004912756, 0.10911483294350202, -0.12988306014370676, -0.2374185177787031, 0.36954345340160905, 0.1305988613654532, 0.18756727238714294, 0.05285224655794131, 0.23777660068023848, 0.04857375573939518, 0.0721018766053021, 0.07712320081663092, 0.23170978151815566, 0.14720480307634617, 0.1125379966955783, -0.1298111008442435, -0.03017964758406821, 0.1105634937931255] |
708.1826 | Methods for The Testing of Nanopowder | Methods for the testing of nanopowders produced by wires electric explosion
were considered. The following characteristics were proposed for the testing of
nanopowders : main substance content, characteristic sizes of particles,
specific surface area etc..
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | methods for the testing of nanopowders produced by wires electric explosion were considered the following characteristics were proposed for the testing of nanopowders main substance content characteristic sizes of particles specific surface area etc | [['methods', 'for', 'the', 'testing', 'of', 'nanopowders', 'produced', 'by', 'wires', 'electric', 'explosion', 'were', 'considered', 'the', 'following', 'characteristics', 'were', 'proposed', 'for', 'the', 'testing', 'of', 'nanopowders', 'main', 'substance', 'content', 'characteristic', 'sizes', 'of', 'particles', 'specific', 'surface', 'area', 'etc']] | [-0.07001271265942384, 0.15840937087641044, -0.016105845351429546, 0.04139252817806076, 0.007931242395630655, -0.16415940393584177, 0.005034622434964951, 0.38790960204513636, -0.164503441657871, -0.3883589696796501, 0.06969988774782156, -0.2613841417409918, -0.037866825676139665, 0.21869320904507356, -0.06538969979566686, 0.07886733016108766, 0.005338319522493026, -0.016039622344953174, -0.04770755247377297, -0.2894920780433013, 0.3128795147024314, 0.06859012975302689, 0.37498095812385573, 0.04060549020548077, 0.0469649266999434, -0.010829504812136292, -0.0197025657604065, 0.06723938646781094, -0.13540030254379792, 0.07838932248106335, 0.21167078170487108, 0.09446903996114783, 0.1852655323112712, -0.4613105900147382, -0.2739971250514774, 0.04169628829421366, 0.1040107501013314, 0.05913951472543618, -0.11515611469033449, -0.2606206540401806, 0.11406861238784212, -0.09695244766771793, -0.11279054295600337, 0.026906987871317303, 0.058013646041645724, 0.1282693805063472, -0.19740078844787443, 0.035637316266622615, 0.07448595035855439, 0.13045484139857924, -0.12448689752422712, -0.22362682595849037, 0.01165661692400189, 0.1442195397308644, 0.1083522734560949, -0.08862812029581298, 0.24192784228088224, -0.12585626548046575, -0.05902582511086674, 0.34853900678674965, -0.012145897715955097, -0.0968379956560538, 0.18621962513391146, -0.0928165419420967, -0.08076728373656378, 0.15957797485787203, 0.17472211692673975, 0.10977648582090349, -0.21845942489145434, 0.0038078297066557057, 0.031334350734729975, 0.1358854941037648, 0.1469915245714433, -0.05589585559552207, 0.23451472779133303, 0.20521627015927257, -0.08711198709138177, 0.18629309707595146, -0.12922408579684355, -0.011967928696642904, -0.23208399100557847, -0.25199353318277967, -0.224477494135499, 0.0191418418133467, -0.06522250076865449, -0.14610296170062878, 0.41114337304059195, 0.09886149075335947, 0.08989361826987828, -0.051445172921590065, 0.23025012388825417, 0.011893682127051493, 0.09918782740201362, 0.016457712469512924, 0.2168295947725282, 0.1398902469629641, 0.14741579717134728, -0.21691359491224455, 0.1674525663119686, 0.0454022062202806] |
708.1827 | Modeling Atmospheric Neutrino Interactions: Duality Constrained
Parameterization of Vector and Axial Nucleon Form Factors | We present new parameterizations of vector and axial nucleon form factors. We
maintain an excellent descriptions of the form factors at low momentum
transfers, where the spatial structure of the nucleon is important, and use the
Nachtman scaling variable \xi to relate elastic and inelastic form factors and
impose quark-hadron duality constraints at high momentum transfers where the
quark structure dominates. We use the new vector form factors to re-extract
updated values of the axial form factor from neutrino experiments on deuterium.
We obtain an updated world average value from neutrino and pion
electroproduction experiments of M_A = 1.0144 +- 0.0136 GeV/c2. Our
parameterizations are useful in modeling atmospheric neutrino interactions
(e.g. for neutrino oscillations experiments)
| hep-ex nucl-ex | we present new parameterizations of vector and axial nucleon form factors we maintain an excellent descriptions of the form factors at low momentum transfers where the spatial structure of the nucleon is important and use the nachtman scaling variable xi to relate elastic and inelastic form factors and impose quarkhadron duality constraints at high momentum transfers where the quark structure dominates we use the new vector form factors to reextract updated values of the axial form factor from neutrino experiments on deuterium we obtain an updated world average value from neutrino and pion electroproduction experiments of m_a 10144 00136 gevc2 our parameterizations are useful in modeling atmospheric neutrino interactions eg for neutrino oscillations experiments | [['we', 'present', 'new', 'parameterizations', 'of', 'vector', 'and', 'axial', 'nucleon', 'form', 'factors', 'we', 'maintain', 'an', 'excellent', 'descriptions', 'of', 'the', 'form', 'factors', 'at', 'low', 'momentum', 'transfers', 'where', 'the', 'spatial', 'structure', 'of', 'the', 'nucleon', 'is', 'important', 'and', 'use', 'the', 'nachtman', 'scaling', 'variable', 'xi', 'to', 'relate', 'elastic', 'and', 'inelastic', 'form', 'factors', 'and', 'impose', 'quarkhadron', 'duality', 'constraints', 'at', 'high', 'momentum', 'transfers', 'where', 'the', 'quark', 'structure', 'dominates', 'we', 'use', 'the', 'new', 'vector', 'form', 'factors', 'to', 'reextract', 'updated', 'values', 'of', 'the', 'axial', 'form', 'factor', 'from', 'neutrino', 'experiments', 'on', 'deuterium', 'we', 'obtain', 'an', 'updated', 'world', 'average', 'value', 'from', 'neutrino', 'and', 'pion', 'electroproduction', 'experiments', 'of', 'm_a', '10144', '00136', 'gevc2', 'our', 'parameterizations', 'are', 'useful', 'in', 'modeling', 'atmospheric', 'neutrino', 'interactions', 'eg', 'for', 'neutrino', 'oscillations', 'experiments']] | [-0.09074511292406864, 0.22563537698174754, -0.050810142153191885, 0.13796249873989277, -0.1039591008131474, -0.04524584434387323, 0.0831499867316891, 0.36064817267878535, -0.20242173691165813, -0.265275021001958, -0.02404355160838908, -0.2976880722205367, -0.052519798058232196, 0.14556002185124448, 0.0989656633975213, 0.05178144231212444, 0.056631612777301485, 0.02409484670824257, -0.10886057487509229, -0.16823618642152532, 0.35759291131858173, 0.07383034550053835, 0.2626084235758243, 0.1240535548463333, 0.15118330143996628, 0.006537734694256072, -0.03923713028524888, -0.08940645499285638, -0.15253509239923196, 0.09834322999558297, 0.22748648548108658, 0.09754082985659408, 0.10029410170963067, -0.42178996401765434, -0.1333089886164791, 0.08567997324280441, 0.12385816254646399, 0.05543908126358139, -0.031117874987039454, -0.23992508105737598, 0.030881286504792802, -0.2070866091801834, -0.12310104700328227, -0.16759191201836393, -0.006124914961809848, 0.006450082046764069, -0.36102819944049735, 0.10915527961077985, -0.05564529650585252, 0.025389475886824362, -0.11334388101832908, -0.25175212119428214, 0.0326996928963222, 0.10642062946990655, 0.11416118537900936, 0.06819122263410113, 0.15134984986006952, -0.23113369721135027, -0.047678033247377655, 0.40753628120741303, -0.064238570393635, -0.19311834565412841, 0.07957576850853991, -0.1744161967041069, -0.14603200132076286, 0.1151324508674933, 0.24763562870742917, 0.042350586358735565, -0.14251266941203522, 0.07445023179012392, -0.08476195216133962, 0.18361358189334473, 0.11790224635083098, 0.03411925640141003, 0.2006266948301345, 0.19263488160478964, -0.0022970418151664106, 0.004031003844973288, -0.12281945772803993, -0.05456098008966237, -0.35195567636963043, -0.09252306925982498, -0.05223325127735734, 0.08949646604525154, -0.12663226353202175, -0.06496680769742581, 0.32893593450640574, 0.11142724263073321, 0.2793416646390892, -0.013992473809865484, 0.30847382403321955, 0.10677342436974868, 0.1027899332458905, 0.10205709255757954, 0.25380475718626067, 0.18328913245676903, 0.11769278433067691, -0.2285290687189748, 0.028535233508272653, 0.04309922216558143] |
708.1828 | Structure And Properties of Nanoparticles Formed under Conditions of
Wire Electrical Explosion | Structure and properties of nanoparticles formed under conditions of wire
electrical explosion were studied. It was shown that the state of WEE power
particles can be characterized as a metastable state. It leads to an increased
stability of nanopowders at normal temperatures and an increased reactivity
during heating, which is revealed in the form of threshold phenomena.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | structure and properties of nanoparticles formed under conditions of wire electrical explosion were studied it was shown that the state of wee power particles can be characterized as a metastable state it leads to an increased stability of nanopowders at normal temperatures and an increased reactivity during heating which is revealed in the form of threshold phenomena | [['structure', 'and', 'properties', 'of', 'nanoparticles', 'formed', 'under', 'conditions', 'of', 'wire', 'electrical', 'explosion', 'were', 'studied', 'it', 'was', 'shown', 'that', 'the', 'state', 'of', 'wee', 'power', 'particles', 'can', 'be', 'characterized', 'as', 'a', 'metastable', 'state', 'it', 'leads', 'to', 'an', 'increased', 'stability', 'of', 'nanopowders', 'at', 'normal', 'temperatures', 'and', 'an', 'increased', 'reactivity', 'during', 'heating', 'which', 'is', 'revealed', 'in', 'the', 'form', 'of', 'threshold', 'phenomena']] | [-0.10408879873514372, 0.2359989221629548, -0.1017202188979769, 0.004312315001969405, 0.020249249483050222, -0.10563084379394065, 0.037787575101104094, 0.38164352857622136, -0.26087400524697285, -0.3197442536944883, 0.08360389124381502, -0.2537033319996114, -0.10452582752495482, 0.18753179120259328, -0.015420153165203437, 0.014511869615760812, 0.015141965449673304, 0.025520926646749376, -0.04528504508351417, -0.23993415956940958, 0.24691695434841932, 0.12729893165656872, 0.3256505369944008, 0.10749719033258755, 0.088354910772882, -0.08203927117089431, 0.1226345045786155, 0.0709917062664764, -0.11862875229187346, -0.004595990562321324, 0.21476537172208754, 0.04456745476968456, 0.20733675279393138, -0.4772589386097695, -0.2498102226261899, 0.061020716379412955, 0.12773642958583017, 0.0670873525433994, -0.06721433665472687, -0.26514487581229523, 0.08736907725075357, -0.1569603949033639, -0.16990951850618186, -0.06126797839737775, 0.02025952016150481, 0.005724277380004264, -0.28013409087291447, 0.07493909936921116, 0.0897923147616287, 0.07124492460698412, -0.09571321607616387, -0.09299017880275323, -0.10636843755645187, 0.07786897492897288, 0.05269458908342609, -0.034064136053386485, 0.1873330765566176, -0.16910779002334989, -0.057470095147819894, 0.34008573551188437, -0.018076836405191244, -0.0663132170509351, 0.20987003384844252, -0.10692622481534879, -0.057617336536120424, 0.23436718948773647, 0.12190528919822291, 0.09956167333988114, -0.1762420445805203, 0.011462345337413513, 0.04151328260552857, 0.1761783467638388, 0.1311801445686765, 0.025112057196613597, 0.20039833908933297, 0.21605399022238297, 0.02353754971307098, 0.20943457855875686, -0.059202498078280895, -0.06493661954606834, -0.18611975349159093, -0.16512408822350072, -0.16473266632671943, 0.09101183905895277, -0.008227336440509055, -0.15430575030959995, 0.3686359783005492, 0.05153416645337354, 0.19355699352985412, -0.09187810555745832, 0.16923712277294775, 0.14002739097065242, 0.062498228943073435, 0.04201294884510469, 0.28206138682435267, 0.18911544090185903, 0.1122097933436172, -0.24735490821726752, 0.16970743972546698, -0.0016304737675869674] |
708.1829 | Spatial Distributions of Cold and Warm Interstellar Dust in M101
Resolved with AKARI/Far-Infrared Surveyor (FIS) | The nearby face-on spiral galaxy M101 has been observed with the Far-Infrared
Surveyor (FIS) onboard AKARI. The far-infrared four-band images reveal fine
spatial structures of M101, which include global spiral patterns, giant HII
regions embedded in outer spiral arms, and a bar-like feature crossing the
center. The spectral energy distribution of the whole galaxy shows the presence
of the cold dust component (18 K) in addition to the warm dust component (55
K). The distribution of the cold dust is mostly concentrated near the center,
and exhibits smoothly distributed over the entire extent of the galaxy, whereas
the distribution of the warm dust indicates some correlation with the spiral
arms, and has spotty structures such as four distinctive bright spots in the
outer disk in addition to a bar-like feature near the center tracing the CO
intensity map. The star-formation activity of the giant HII regions that
spatially correspond to the former bright spots is found to be significantly
higher than that of the rest of the galaxy. The latter warm dust distribution
implies that there are significant star-formation activities in the entire bar
filled with molecular clouds. Unlike our Galaxy, M101 is a peculiar normal
galaxy with extraordinary active star-forming regions.
| astro-ph | the nearby faceon spiral galaxy m101 has been observed with the farinfrared surveyor fis onboard akari the farinfrared fourband images reveal fine spatial structures of m101 which include global spiral patterns giant hii regions embedded in outer spiral arms and a barlike feature crossing the center the spectral energy distribution of the whole galaxy shows the presence of the cold dust component 18 k in addition to the warm dust component 55 k the distribution of the cold dust is mostly concentrated near the center and exhibits smoothly distributed over the entire extent of the galaxy whereas the distribution of the warm dust indicates some correlation with the spiral arms and has spotty structures such as four distinctive bright spots in the outer disk in addition to a barlike feature near the center tracing the co intensity map the starformation activity of the giant hii regions that spatially correspond to the former bright spots is found to be significantly higher than that of the rest of the galaxy the latter warm dust distribution implies that there are significant starformation activities in the entire bar filled with molecular clouds unlike our galaxy m101 is a peculiar normal galaxy with extraordinary active starforming regions | [['the', 'nearby', 'faceon', 'spiral', 'galaxy', 'm101', 'has', 'been', 'observed', 'with', 'the', 'farinfrared', 'surveyor', 'fis', 'onboard', 'akari', 'the', 'farinfrared', 'fourband', 'images', 'reveal', 'fine', 'spatial', 'structures', 'of', 'm101', 'which', 'include', 'global', 'spiral', 'patterns', 'giant', 'hii', 'regions', 'embedded', 'in', 'outer', 'spiral', 'arms', 'and', 'a', 'barlike', 'feature', 'crossing', 'the', 'center', 'the', 'spectral', 'energy', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'whole', 'galaxy', 'shows', 'the', 'presence', 'of', 'the', 'cold', 'dust', 'component', '18', 'k', 'in', 'addition', 'to', 'the', 'warm', 'dust', 'component', '55', 'k', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'cold', 'dust', 'is', 'mostly', 'concentrated', 'near', 'the', 'center', 'and', 'exhibits', 'smoothly', 'distributed', 'over', 'the', 'entire', 'extent', 'of', 'the', 'galaxy', 'whereas', 'the', 'distribution', 'of', 'the', 'warm', 'dust', 'indicates', 'some', 'correlation', 'with', 'the', 'spiral', 'arms', 'and', 'has', 'spotty', 'structures', 'such', 'as', 'four', 'distinctive', 'bright', 'spots', 'in', 'the', 'outer', 'disk', 'in', 'addition', 'to', 'a', 'barlike', 'feature', 'near', 'the', 'center', 'tracing', 'the', 'co', 'intensity', 'map', 'the', 'starformation', 'activity', 'of', 'the', 'giant', 'hii', 'regions', 'that', 'spatially', 'correspond', 'to', 'the', 'former', 'bright', 'spots', 'is', 'found', 'to', 'be', 'significantly', 'higher', 'than', 'that', 'of', 'the', 'rest', 'of', 'the', 'galaxy', 'the', 'latter', 'warm', 'dust', 'distribution', 'implies', 'that', 'there', 'are', 'significant', 'starformation', 'activities', 'in', 'the', 'entire', 'bar', 'filled', 'with', 'molecular', 'clouds', 'unlike', 'our', 'galaxy', 'm101', 'is', 'a', 'peculiar', 'normal', 'galaxy', 'with', 'extraordinary', 'active', 'starforming', 'regions']] | [-0.09370177769388008, 0.04366242197471311, -0.0935448165994488, 0.05699257901581557, -0.07614069154467618, -0.007654541859052854, -0.024666794679487253, 0.44258317635348526, -0.1740665171055658, -0.3020707678769042, 0.02219191442490417, -0.28554438661304443, -0.04127040997350422, 0.11168237880914297, 0.007795035368809015, -0.0726175244219283, -0.023991452777697153, -0.10339184747294218, -0.01419198584378614, -0.2359971927628679, 0.2953227885663371, 0.08664514363217767, 0.189442516871645, -0.07330256651644365, 0.04788702548168009, -0.14570811642264708, -0.07057144866892054, -0.05286837501986192, -0.13314027122234423, 0.06585144499169275, 0.24097468136892755, 0.06988335673127895, 0.2031068939100121, -0.37755982422426637, -0.2461387350657346, 0.09606755674715237, 0.23376474548638385, 0.001787268618319995, -0.048613333940911704, -0.30111098313464385, 0.05761737086450552, -0.12624801625607499, -0.2205847417509257, 0.12446977415855162, 0.041233566523377445, 0.019207493319074707, -0.20129148713497463, 0.1566838569118466, 0.04070645401779894, 0.12411128786060553, -0.11415889048902779, -0.07807294665236432, -0.12731290379386986, 0.07924571069012774, -0.006163154815157673, 0.10798844629852562, 0.2804857093872823, -0.15670232148379973, 0.026361753081494833, 0.39086385396779466, -0.08148158652199915, 0.038313217645529474, 0.24476541265255153, -0.26745387295371675, -0.14619682817074406, 0.21378153852085666, 0.0977262619901264, 0.06604868403663582, -0.11969746046671921, 0.03037311922266646, -0.1086619097721016, 0.20413556690604454, 0.07963766383426725, 0.09139429973389396, 0.35847774770016905, 0.08281759274339691, 0.10029300871203736, 0.15984050196533248, -0.28537425298346347, -0.1082880237407171, -0.21604539695573916, -0.08573392599977848, -0.12163562880653778, 0.017442714037963807, -0.16294596032310096, -0.14404926829542597, 0.3630172772895508, 0.047964514348434635, 0.2719624837523898, -0.025009892962176795, 0.32054684712265685, 0.011480949914179705, 0.1734018862491824, 0.17452080925179664, 0.2908069434338584, 0.13353184105178323, 0.0679612758204613, -0.2709579624461545, 0.08617326765007681, -0.05707008085365748] |
708.183 | Time-dependent gravitating solitons in five dimensional warped
space-times | Time-dependent soliton solutions are explicitly derived in a five-dimensional
theory endowed with one (warped) extra-dimension. Some of the obtained
geometries, everywhere well defined and technically regular, smoothly
interpolate between two five-dimensional anti-de Sitter space-times for fixed
value of the conformal time coordinate. Time dependent solutions containing
both topological and non-topological sectors are also obtained. Supplementary
degrees of freedom can be also included and, in this case, the resulting
multi-soliton solutions may describe time-dependent kink-antikink systems.
| hep-th astro-ph gr-qc hep-ph | timedependent soliton solutions are explicitly derived in a fivedimensional theory endowed with one warped extradimension some of the obtained geometries everywhere well defined and technically regular smoothly interpolate between two fivedimensional antide sitter spacetimes for fixed value of the conformal time coordinate time dependent solutions containing both topological and nontopological sectors are also obtained supplementary degrees of freedom can be also included and in this case the resulting multisoliton solutions may describe timedependent kinkantikink systems | [['timedependent', 'soliton', 'solutions', 'are', 'explicitly', 'derived', 'in', 'a', 'fivedimensional', 'theory', 'endowed', 'with', 'one', 'warped', 'extradimension', 'some', 'of', 'the', 'obtained', 'geometries', 'everywhere', 'well', 'defined', 'and', 'technically', 'regular', 'smoothly', 'interpolate', 'between', 'two', 'fivedimensional', 'antide', 'sitter', 'spacetimes', 'for', 'fixed', 'value', 'of', 'the', 'conformal', 'time', 'coordinate', 'time', 'dependent', 'solutions', 'containing', 'both', 'topological', 'and', 'nontopological', 'sectors', 'are', 'also', 'obtained', 'supplementary', 'degrees', 'of', 'freedom', 'can', 'be', 'also', 'included', 'and', 'in', 'this', 'case', 'the', 'resulting', 'multisoliton', 'solutions', 'may', 'describe', 'timedependent', 'kinkantikink', 'systems']] | [-0.20969674220308662, 0.15147311501204969, -0.04700986675918102, 0.10556680944282562, -0.0910562176327221, -0.20134603559349973, -0.09124688850560536, 0.3353529319912195, -0.18664968269566695, -0.21883543604363997, 0.12073794169041017, -0.27597108935316406, -0.11646528729548057, 0.1360574309217433, -0.0216690040503939, 0.04876468333105246, -0.0010401694942265749, 0.03983846602961421, -0.12249072704464198, -0.23291387562950452, 0.358910225884368, -0.03508252890916386, 0.2554151645799478, -0.015961666746685903, 0.09428171663545072, -0.020427054624694088, 0.007851779467115799, 0.07507345986242096, -0.20081002544611692, 0.05473585917924841, 0.27426917692025504, 0.06285910273591677, 0.1069937056551377, -0.4658797002211213, -0.23954772287358841, 0.08420142778505882, 0.21527321263526877, 0.15708920215566954, -0.04688525306371351, -0.34614930165000257, 0.009247068210194508, -0.17181123565882445, -0.2379904675980409, -0.12598689035202065, 0.0012706754108270009, -0.007560939410080512, -0.22044080641741554, 0.10267403800894195, -0.018070989581756295, -0.01552613360186418, -0.15600928152600924, -0.042597990833843746, -0.13407286535017193, 0.0700609097063231, 0.13668513250847658, 0.016514523156608143, 0.0815204411248366, -0.09664069992490112, -0.1208670686224165, 0.34891848169888057, -0.08965322469671567, -0.346967989106973, 0.17980912406928837, -0.141500434478124, -0.08717342130839825, 0.0963656126925101, 0.11754170612121621, 0.22790336798255642, -0.1336347793166836, 0.20991101863250758, -0.01389314182723562, 0.11740699408575893, 0.16304527991451323, 0.08101792273422083, 0.2533829828600089, 0.03847186537304272, 0.0419818990988036, 0.1520084010421609, 0.05827248126268387, -0.2042542964553771, -0.40335623222092787, -0.10922402458265423, -0.11396174889989197, 0.08009572545687357, -0.19937980938644614, -0.19837621798117955, 0.3836093668368024, 0.010574469323231217, 0.17713868640363217, 0.0301846144006898, 0.17409774322062732, 0.09514600277567903, 0.024040202796459197, 0.1031824209416906, 0.24726902837127757, 0.08214824687689543, 0.12313153503307452, -0.19244025422881048, -0.12206085213770469, 0.12775639792283375] |
708.1831 | Ultrasonic Production of Nano-Size Dispersions and Emulsions | Ultrasound is a well-established method for particle size reduction in
dispersions and emulsions. Ultrasonic processors are used in the generation of
nano-size material slurries, dispersions and emulsions because of the potential
in the deagglomeration and the reduction of primaries. These are the mechanical
effects of ultrasonic cavitation. Ultrasound can also be used to influence
chemical reactions by the cavitation energy. This is sonochemistry. As the
market for nano-size materials grows, the demand for ultrasonic processes at
production level increases. At this stage, energy efficiency becomes important.
Since the energy required per weight or volume of processed material links
directly to the equipment size required, optimization of the process efficiency
is essential to reduce investment and operational costs. Furthermore it is
required to scale the lab and bench top configurations to this final level
without any variations in the process achievements. Scale up by power alone
will not do this.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | ultrasound is a wellestablished method for particle size reduction in dispersions and emulsions ultrasonic processors are used in the generation of nanosize material slurries dispersions and emulsions because of the potential in the deagglomeration and the reduction of primaries these are the mechanical effects of ultrasonic cavitation ultrasound can also be used to influence chemical reactions by the cavitation energy this is sonochemistry as the market for nanosize materials grows the demand for ultrasonic processes at production level increases at this stage energy efficiency becomes important since the energy required per weight or volume of processed material links directly to the equipment size required optimization of the process efficiency is essential to reduce investment and operational costs furthermore it is required to scale the lab and bench top configurations to this final level without any variations in the process achievements scale up by power alone will not do this | [['ultrasound', 'is', 'a', 'wellestablished', 'method', 'for', 'particle', 'size', 'reduction', 'in', 'dispersions', 'and', 'emulsions', 'ultrasonic', 'processors', 'are', 'used', 'in', 'the', 'generation', 'of', 'nanosize', 'material', 'slurries', 'dispersions', 'and', 'emulsions', 'because', 'of', 'the', 'potential', 'in', 'the', 'deagglomeration', 'and', 'the', 'reduction', 'of', 'primaries', 'these', 'are', 'the', 'mechanical', 'effects', 'of', 'ultrasonic', 'cavitation', 'ultrasound', 'can', 'also', 'be', 'used', 'to', 'influence', 'chemical', 'reactions', 'by', 'the', 'cavitation', 'energy', 'this', 'is', 'sonochemistry', 'as', 'the', 'market', 'for', 'nanosize', 'materials', 'grows', 'the', 'demand', 'for', 'ultrasonic', 'processes', 'at', 'production', 'level', 'increases', 'at', 'this', 'stage', 'energy', 'efficiency', 'becomes', 'important', 'since', 'the', 'energy', 'required', 'per', 'weight', 'or', 'volume', 'of', 'processed', 'material', 'links', 'directly', 'to', 'the', 'equipment', 'size', 'required', 'optimization', 'of', 'the', 'process', 'efficiency', 'is', 'essential', 'to', 'reduce', 'investment', 'and', 'operational', 'costs', 'furthermore', 'it', 'is', 'required', 'to', 'scale', 'the', 'lab', 'and', 'bench', 'top', 'configurations', 'to', 'this', 'final', 'level', 'without', 'any', 'variations', 'in', 'the', 'process', 'achievements', 'scale', 'up', 'by', 'power', 'alone', 'will', 'not', 'do', 'this']] | [-0.07955654719125654, 0.19028128997966548, -0.060525336866923324, 0.028235659882354578, -0.05473243696115061, -0.08456799789056832, 0.06616522313014372, 0.37178768195061873, -0.28506416859942796, -0.33968152755858916, 0.11802462004703289, -0.28650575991869975, -0.07716065709285388, 0.20699194049456426, -0.05485928538661675, 0.11385404093241032, 0.07352666890376791, 0.003319111102629428, 0.0047125193835767425, -0.23640064802020788, 0.2596318799121018, 0.14902218105583984, 0.32451798476203775, 0.11526661268482297, 0.08609167989593425, -0.010279400885923946, 0.017065483983371706, -0.009517797790842768, -0.0958320225288954, 0.11165893440612985, 0.28514624193885785, 0.053215989730502136, 0.2711043253465987, -0.46524360058391656, -0.20987984643477148, 0.1125764215940097, 0.11246871763852818, 0.10395651475695156, -0.0522429957742109, -0.18675107032610666, 0.09319960307517408, -0.15295069267420136, -0.1304236891141924, -0.040493887811649164, 0.01990746517959457, 0.04306738390102857, -0.2593540169873694, 0.08373342027661904, -0.008537588044125962, 0.04699402871766697, -0.07212058572729912, -0.10215203408401885, -0.03473367113557538, 0.11636862449891765, 0.03544031752346884, -0.0044188158357697195, 0.24522621741466813, -0.16505787786621376, -0.07083216475497857, 0.42056315869793, -0.0018167251427251621, -0.18525475309224138, 0.20696414642085964, -0.13555383784758965, -0.0800236210583681, 0.18690113661398225, 0.21778706930680888, 0.057231938441427765, -0.15113484493500534, 0.008338476326113455, 0.08661178406034971, 0.20378209168447695, 0.09478691940808406, 0.01928040579792687, 0.19088287081338165, 0.21960858448139772, 0.043007073394216645, 0.1355069442702951, -0.10613986908695691, -0.007447317730160367, -0.27056255300323034, -0.20055628749510687, -0.17580434657092636, 0.008031759401037196, -0.06799813729487031, -0.12756114386978415, 0.3331666409050508, 0.1443903816382607, 0.1362059618695639, 0.006116615775535071, 0.3225180207639964, 0.0914830460030298, 0.13653059749732782, 0.035841153865842613, 0.2512281421609473, 0.06518878077075585, 0.17854582649599385, -0.24321769797336934, 0.09861901361142104, -0.006475384247132996] |
708.1832 | High-frequency modes in solar-like stars | p-mode oscillations in solar-like stars are excited by the outer convection
zone in these stars and reflected close to the surface. The p-modes are trapped
inside an acoustic cavity, but the modes only stay trapped up to a given
frequency (known as the acoustic cut-off frequency) as modes with larger
frequencies are generally not reflected at the surface. This means that modes
with frequency larger than the acoustic cut-off frequency must be traveling
waves. The high-frequency modes may provide information about the physics in
the outer layers of the stars and the excitation source and are therefore
highly interesting as it is the estimation of these two phenomena that causes
some of the largest uncertainties when calculating stellar oscillations.
High-frequency modes have been detected in the Sun, beta Hydri and in alpha Cen
A & B by smoothing the so-called echelle diagram and the large frequency
separation as a function of frequency have been estimated. The large frequency
separation has been compared with a simple model of the acoustic cavity which
suggests that the reflectivity of the photosphere is larger at high frequency
than predicted by standard models of the solar atmosphere and that the depth of
the excitation source is larger than what has been estimated by other models
and might depend on the order n and degree l of the modes.
| astro-ph | pmode oscillations in solarlike stars are excited by the outer convection zone in these stars and reflected close to the surface the pmodes are trapped inside an acoustic cavity but the modes only stay trapped up to a given frequency known as the acoustic cutoff frequency as modes with larger frequencies are generally not reflected at the surface this means that modes with frequency larger than the acoustic cutoff frequency must be traveling waves the highfrequency modes may provide information about the physics in the outer layers of the stars and the excitation source and are therefore highly interesting as it is the estimation of these two phenomena that causes some of the largest uncertainties when calculating stellar oscillations highfrequency modes have been detected in the sun beta hydri and in alpha cen a b by smoothing the socalled echelle diagram and the large frequency separation as a function of frequency have been estimated the large frequency separation has been compared with a simple model of the acoustic cavity which suggests that the reflectivity of the photosphere is larger at high frequency than predicted by standard models of the solar atmosphere and that the depth of the excitation source is larger than what has been estimated by other models and might depend on the order n and degree l of the modes | [['pmode', 'oscillations', 'in', 'solarlike', 'stars', 'are', 'excited', 'by', 'the', 'outer', 'convection', 'zone', 'in', 'these', 'stars', 'and', 'reflected', 'close', 'to', 'the', 'surface', 'the', 'pmodes', 'are', 'trapped', 'inside', 'an', 'acoustic', 'cavity', 'but', 'the', 'modes', 'only', 'stay', 'trapped', 'up', 'to', 'a', 'given', 'frequency', 'known', 'as', 'the', 'acoustic', 'cutoff', 'frequency', 'as', 'modes', 'with', 'larger', 'frequencies', 'are', 'generally', 'not', 'reflected', 'at', 'the', 'surface', 'this', 'means', 'that', 'modes', 'with', 'frequency', 'larger', 'than', 'the', 'acoustic', 'cutoff', 'frequency', 'must', 'be', 'traveling', 'waves', 'the', 'highfrequency', 'modes', 'may', 'provide', 'information', 'about', 'the', 'physics', 'in', 'the', 'outer', 'layers', 'of', 'the', 'stars', 'and', 'the', 'excitation', 'source', 'and', 'are', 'therefore', 'highly', 'interesting', 'as', 'it', 'is', 'the', 'estimation', 'of', 'these', 'two', 'phenomena', 'that', 'causes', 'some', 'of', 'the', 'largest', 'uncertainties', 'when', 'calculating', 'stellar', 'oscillations', 'highfrequency', 'modes', 'have', 'been', 'detected', 'in', 'the', 'sun', 'beta', 'hydri', 'and', 'in', 'alpha', 'cen', 'a', 'b', 'by', 'smoothing', 'the', 'socalled', 'echelle', 'diagram', 'and', 'the', 'large', 'frequency', 'separation', 'as', 'a', 'function', 'of', 'frequency', 'have', 'been', 'estimated', 'the', 'large', 'frequency', 'separation', 'has', 'been', 'compared', 'with', 'a', 'simple', 'model', 'of', 'the', 'acoustic', 'cavity', 'which', 'suggests', 'that', 'the', 'reflectivity', 'of', 'the', 'photosphere', 'is', 'larger', 'at', 'high', 'frequency', 'than', 'predicted', 'by', 'standard', 'models', 'of', 'the', 'solar', 'atmosphere', 'and', 'that', 'the', 'depth', 'of', 'the', 'excitation', 'source', 'is', 'larger', 'than', 'what', 'has', 'been', 'estimated', 'by', 'other', 'models', 'and', 'might', 'depend', 'on', 'the', 'order', 'n', 'and', 'degree', 'l', 'of', 'the', 'modes']] | [-0.10979234964258, 0.24072146906496733, -0.0367778305692293, 0.05617773104280754, -0.09891621638844544, -0.09456652612635144, 0.028980728939410533, 0.36378124946107465, -0.22038376236309273, -0.319459959625493, 0.10651650777671838, -0.2938382937614848, -0.07356930611474725, 0.24546737795137707, -0.006081246928236372, 0.01393799098694397, 0.05032276487353401, 0.05587186790525028, -0.005554281317771555, -0.12878293846314354, 0.26892111133490393, 0.09223040816718125, 0.2316092438618275, -0.015312728455273417, 0.02683075971330877, -0.10797385597047773, 0.00569442128196258, -0.01604418589540564, -0.10841323737330893, 0.05896319304634859, 0.23374599844641666, 0.05583446110632304, 0.2594450189320891, -0.4027550561051514, -0.27161746189262514, 0.06532919864633817, 0.2026651293324592, 0.10091374211195805, -0.0013092922325757845, -0.2570824300710884, 0.06033048255794875, -0.11480436447819303, -0.13570514533601635, 0.005057714789317132, 0.05707224498100176, 0.022971796618589946, -0.23656463022196983, 0.09870710947523564, 0.06870306685550122, 0.08480682407258297, -0.07006659190199833, -0.13519048058587285, -0.07615127373981785, 0.10878425176836957, 0.06554236666662283, 0.02227276049476738, 0.10932287452155137, -0.09778667784501538, -0.03418949444836995, 0.37580804311175336, -0.09799314286555363, -0.13838410825544112, 0.20875156482446705, -0.23491522508279025, -0.030594788933265116, 0.1555860856010973, 0.1655063183038487, 0.11514009857290164, -0.10967394262626988, 0.02189967132997825, -0.0014445746216822314, 0.20453752884809095, 0.14566708554572486, 0.07633440662385174, 0.27420498722711123, 0.1447592347777482, 0.03584402423773615, 0.10111824815294722, -0.1820215461177852, 0.0006900254410465021, -0.242731185147522, -0.06244730610329121, -0.16982695987754343, -0.012575106130981596, -0.08319373729403827, -0.16607227598879118, 0.4156817595573008, 0.10538733456344637, 0.1977183361776878, 0.006042609855989917, 0.31534875127033807, 0.18121249996008235, 0.1314291189278388, 0.10511434385511051, 0.34284628011343415, 0.14782540086417686, 0.07179338984015221, -0.2626992795419216, 0.05296806539702523, -0.0031132824951782823] |
708.1833 | Numerical Simulation of The Mechanical Properties of Nanoscale Metal
Clusters Using The Atomistic-Continuum Mechanics Method | A novel atomistic-continuum method (ACM) based on finite element method (FEM)
is proposed to numerically simulate the nano-scaled Poisson's ratio and Young's
modulus effect of Lithium (Li) body-centered cubic (BCC) structure. The
potential energy between Li atoms is described by the Morse potential function
[1]. The pre-force effect will be discussed due to the different Li lattice
length between experimental lattice constant and diatom distance from Morse
function. Moreover, the size effect of the nano-scaled Li cluster will be
introduced.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | a novel atomisticcontinuum method acm based on finite element method fem is proposed to numerically simulate the nanoscaled poissons ratio and youngs modulus effect of lithium li bodycentered cubic bcc structure the potential energy between li atoms is described by the morse potential function 1 the preforce effect will be discussed due to the different li lattice length between experimental lattice constant and diatom distance from morse function moreover the size effect of the nanoscaled li cluster will be introduced | [['a', 'novel', 'atomisticcontinuum', 'method', 'acm', 'based', 'on', 'finite', 'element', 'method', 'fem', 'is', 'proposed', 'to', 'numerically', 'simulate', 'the', 'nanoscaled', 'poissons', 'ratio', 'and', 'youngs', 'modulus', 'effect', 'of', 'lithium', 'li', 'bodycentered', 'cubic', 'bcc', 'structure', 'the', 'potential', 'energy', 'between', 'li', 'atoms', 'is', 'described', 'by', 'the', 'morse', 'potential', 'function', '1', 'the', 'preforce', 'effect', 'will', 'be', 'discussed', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'different', 'li', 'lattice', 'length', 'between', 'experimental', 'lattice', 'constant', 'and', 'diatom', 'distance', 'from', 'morse', 'function', 'moreover', 'the', 'size', 'effect', 'of', 'the', 'nanoscaled', 'li', 'cluster', 'will', 'be', 'introduced']] | [-0.06575700770356233, 0.16053677488212723, -0.0501016735547234, -0.005194668655130494, -0.06105574829904716, -0.15893499090489518, 0.07867682428111004, 0.4125136633085299, -0.31776562974422795, -0.2792054018170773, -0.014428269436370723, -0.23942906787925505, -0.15848020268780993, 0.13973557199292544, -0.02498467544777484, 0.06786671628633255, 0.03233022889700023, -0.048885654557873554, -0.05510254168317099, -0.3026443038200606, 0.2787634553358289, 0.10936329007749976, 0.32168315907445133, 0.15575158926127833, 0.025642141434540855, -0.007490429717788025, 0.04095902688848444, 0.06635963922083567, -0.19338943638331904, 0.12684197348389256, 0.1489271735831435, -0.05002526427866726, 0.21168467702190805, -0.38670942456096036, -0.2250233839937969, 0.09457462937630053, 0.07283787363314931, 0.13441488212799724, -0.08343850384625501, -0.24034150239209867, 0.09895537925082483, -0.13377386763031723, -0.1861128265662944, -0.014684418499281135, 0.06934331026505915, 0.05489908956887224, -0.24365908914036413, 0.0914876302822104, -0.028544264857338953, 0.09050731395394836, -0.09105843396362247, -0.21380232764950283, -0.06979969374929802, 0.013227113593322567, -0.04038747216728103, 0.0440295402113867, 0.11935362151434904, 0.01582860796936328, -0.06840066681910731, 0.4263853155359437, -0.10634698162350474, -0.19444950772861985, 0.14761729113156377, -0.050173940579112196, -0.01715279901341264, 0.12064591290641434, 0.12593476456601785, 0.08288567336983507, -0.11419601437909811, 0.1177356642468492, 0.03047577245750382, 0.2053197124807895, 0.1102606303565487, -0.04384048299604579, 0.1397755775553516, 0.1669746224850982, 0.01213004540274792, 0.14404707289701682, -0.10516165699397179, -0.08068876501314248, -0.21386692397107807, -0.1861789837078769, -0.25872180224072094, 0.0128738785227407, -0.14485342199346818, -0.20655352428932733, 0.29972290693298925, 0.07152756679614511, 0.17113387256955045, -0.04677335608491226, 0.2238755459761648, 0.09348693144613807, 0.045776810329053785, 0.010785304764403572, 0.23415005879028689, 0.23427756495414231, 0.10368295139456286, -0.3410344639692833, 0.046035534395730195, 0.19871920180400904] |
708.1834 | CMOL: Second Life for Silicon? | This report is a brief review of the recent work on architectures for the
prospective hybrid CMOS/nanowire/ nanodevice ("CMOL") circuits including
digital memories, reconfigurable Boolean-logic circuits, and mixed-signal
neuromorphic networks. The basic idea of CMOL circuits is to combine the
advantages of CMOS technology (including its flexibility and high fabrication
yield) with the extremely high potential density of molecular-scale
two-terminal nanodevices. Relatively large critical dimensions of CMOS
components and the "bottom-up" approach to nanodevice fabrication may keep CMOL
fabrication costs at affordable level. At the same time, the density of active
devices in CMOL circuits may be as high as 1012 cm2 and that they may provide
an unparalleled information processing performance, up to 1020 operations per
cm2 per second, at manageable power consumption.
| cond-mat.other | this report is a brief review of the recent work on architectures for the prospective hybrid cmosnanowire nanodevice cmol circuits including digital memories reconfigurable booleanlogic circuits and mixedsignal neuromorphic networks the basic idea of cmol circuits is to combine the advantages of cmos technology including its flexibility and high fabrication yield with the extremely high potential density of molecularscale twoterminal nanodevices relatively large critical dimensions of cmos components and the bottomup approach to nanodevice fabrication may keep cmol fabrication costs at affordable level at the same time the density of active devices in cmol circuits may be as high as 1012 cm2 and that they may provide an unparalleled information processing performance up to 1020 operations per cm2 per second at manageable power consumption | [['this', 'report', 'is', 'a', 'brief', 'review', 'of', 'the', 'recent', 'work', 'on', 'architectures', 'for', 'the', 'prospective', 'hybrid', 'cmosnanowire', 'nanodevice', 'cmol', 'circuits', 'including', 'digital', 'memories', 'reconfigurable', 'booleanlogic', 'circuits', 'and', 'mixedsignal', 'neuromorphic', 'networks', 'the', 'basic', 'idea', 'of', 'cmol', 'circuits', 'is', 'to', 'combine', 'the', 'advantages', 'of', 'cmos', 'technology', 'including', 'its', 'flexibility', 'and', 'high', 'fabrication', 'yield', 'with', 'the', 'extremely', 'high', 'potential', 'density', 'of', 'molecularscale', 'twoterminal', 'nanodevices', 'relatively', 'large', 'critical', 'dimensions', 'of', 'cmos', 'components', 'and', 'the', 'bottomup', 'approach', 'to', 'nanodevice', 'fabrication', 'may', 'keep', 'cmol', 'fabrication', 'costs', 'at', 'affordable', 'level', 'at', 'the', 'same', 'time', 'the', 'density', 'of', 'active', 'devices', 'in', 'cmol', 'circuits', 'may', 'be', 'as', 'high', 'as', '1012', 'cm2', 'and', 'that', 'they', 'may', 'provide', 'an', 'unparalleled', 'information', 'processing', 'performance', 'up', 'to', '1020', 'operations', 'per', 'cm2', 'per', 'second', 'at', 'manageable', 'power', 'consumption']] | [-0.1476899371406094, 0.10548325710785365, 0.014721636114580954, -0.06235274907223476, -0.034352189494816006, -0.2008324967025489, 0.050498882445056355, 0.41932639387268267, -0.2187690115285671, -0.3768376949926472, 0.1035581272969511, -0.2779880693930461, -0.1306707457520953, 0.2706822347731833, -0.1101706242494163, 0.0815352700936005, 0.024681805148262712, -0.06322452180315626, -0.05992728250853137, -0.2456614470861272, 0.12768893443681606, 0.13159770971225176, 0.35565675281514947, 0.06881477492174408, 0.15493644011726024, -0.08789126099407917, 0.03965482297429784, -0.06403799472208761, -0.07121237433453703, 0.17949139842473458, 0.3141920980234004, 0.07645994487035347, 0.29064681362666067, -0.5462323840035767, -0.19292226548069996, 0.014598309629230349, 0.1227100182431521, 0.07917913290758839, -0.0860760534634493, -0.20248811681312126, 0.11859188147927405, -0.20708832950483946, -0.10229414820346168, -0.10455304636910069, 0.03792465434860072, 0.04002141131118673, -0.17649062691622827, -0.005852410588871504, -0.005067654732675826, 0.025160878579910905, 0.03064361479279841, -0.1523214957264603, 0.025406033113659895, 0.07696886299193272, -0.12788039963448145, 0.007560970120706412, 0.2593631753468978, -0.17696745813724998, -0.17271719931159168, 0.31823399443786254, 0.005175244082223441, -0.09218426246470848, 0.18413674583196732, -0.10294825189220184, -0.14854002288222068, 0.1262651158699033, 0.21780577847031785, 0.04106343764292657, -0.18194593296416836, 0.049941206829943005, 0.13612017874247165, 0.1982302595059708, 0.030720260017169793, 0.1721805259089184, 0.26187700726526986, 0.3075914159264477, 0.06065409089056689, 0.10615248874222982, -0.08570188611982482, -0.01903004389729534, -0.262249757486136, -0.19657175626498877, -0.18697267514653504, 0.08597041573375463, -0.10164380878482976, -0.1513100468255885, 0.36548459558885116, 0.1940716823103044, 0.1429517488572632, 0.0913953933340963, 0.3987871491518177, 0.10274065379625888, 0.16333182256852016, 0.009377128242316549, 0.17572155612001775, 0.1277795161070974, 0.1754396227608267, -0.16255815586167746, 0.04748246118094253, -0.08341489141028313] |
708.1835 | Bottom-Up Approach to Silicon Nanoelectronics | This paper presents a brief review of our recent work investigating a novel
bottom-up approach to realize silicon based nanoelectronics. We discuss
fabrication technique, electronic properties and device applications of silicon
nanodots as a building block for nanoscale silicon devices.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | this paper presents a brief review of our recent work investigating a novel bottomup approach to realize silicon based nanoelectronics we discuss fabrication technique electronic properties and device applications of silicon nanodots as a building block for nanoscale silicon devices | [['this', 'paper', 'presents', 'a', 'brief', 'review', 'of', 'our', 'recent', 'work', 'investigating', 'a', 'novel', 'bottomup', 'approach', 'to', 'realize', 'silicon', 'based', 'nanoelectronics', 'we', 'discuss', 'fabrication', 'technique', 'electronic', 'properties', 'and', 'device', 'applications', 'of', 'silicon', 'nanodots', 'as', 'a', 'building', 'block', 'for', 'nanoscale', 'silicon', 'devices']] | [-0.1289784073829651, 0.047393226879648864, -0.04351505651138723, -0.14880775437050034, -0.09910094228689559, -0.21476379326777534, 0.04920068329956848, 0.4713610801845789, -0.20328173477901146, -0.29358378813485614, 0.08809330395888537, -0.24501413491088897, -0.2807974238879979, 0.2570967825129628, -0.09933269603643566, 0.10407717629568651, 0.0649492947035469, -0.21142103294841946, -0.10672622293932363, -0.14348997599445285, 0.2074855120619759, 0.09308118637854931, 0.4001704773399979, 0.1384309884160757, 0.11548433415591716, 0.004213298275135458, 0.0018103026086464524, -0.043761593149974944, -0.19558083510200958, 0.26545579278608783, 0.30915383871179075, -0.013916075183078646, 0.29835467869415877, -0.5628142526373268, -0.24105538796866313, -0.016719774539342324, 0.12195463469834067, 0.21670778770931065, -0.23477544146589935, -0.221996006090194, 0.12471797841135412, -0.22028101398609579, -0.13599493504116253, -0.09343940631952137, -0.018879091972485183, -0.03575720796943642, -0.13655927553772926, -0.07591347901616245, 0.05765244124922901, 0.033675617445260285, 0.012112549128869433, -0.1453919180086814, 0.1219722653448116, 0.018102564476430417, -0.10783134317025542, -0.027588687976822256, 0.30874705837341027, -0.07317589142476208, -0.21458135524298996, 0.3690948354545981, 0.012510409217793495, -0.03967139924352523, 0.15095181694778148, -0.02289841865422204, -0.16072059283033013, -0.054140149429440496, 0.21876919646747411, 0.17816951242275536, -0.2908875360386446, 0.062139984242094215, 0.06663304874673485, 0.14033391289267455, 0.02533267089165747, 0.21346548944711685, 0.28545642318204045, 0.43803098662756385, 0.03983393186936155, 0.1951222660019994, -0.06406808863393962, 0.02579172805417329, -0.255497442279011, -0.29437152594327926, -0.21995200673118234, 0.06416309014894069, -0.014432307425522595, -0.25084860261995345, 0.447225091420114, 0.23568809903226792, 0.17731802054913715, -0.02276131825055927, 0.33781604235991836, -0.009009164676535874, 0.060434533772058784, -0.07277618693187833, 0.17718284176662563, 0.17735102102160455, 0.1804197499062866, -0.15921699423342944, 0.01884770887263585, 0.022699877503328025] |
708.1836 | Fundamental Building Blocks for The Design of A Single-electron
Nanoelectronic Processor | A single-electron random access memory array (RAM) and a single-electron
universal Fredkin gate are designed and simulated. The universality of the
Fredkin gate in combination with the RAM gives the potential of the realization
of an elementary single-electron nanoelectronic processor.
| cond-mat.other | a singleelectron random access memory array ram and a singleelectron universal fredkin gate are designed and simulated the universality of the fredkin gate in combination with the ram gives the potential of the realization of an elementary singleelectron nanoelectronic processor | [['a', 'singleelectron', 'random', 'access', 'memory', 'array', 'ram', 'and', 'a', 'singleelectron', 'universal', 'fredkin', 'gate', 'are', 'designed', 'and', 'simulated', 'the', 'universality', 'of', 'the', 'fredkin', 'gate', 'in', 'combination', 'with', 'the', 'ram', 'gives', 'the', 'potential', 'of', 'the', 'realization', 'of', 'an', 'elementary', 'singleelectron', 'nanoelectronic', 'processor']] | [-0.23002465080498952, 0.1553520517572906, -0.002934252077830024, -0.007703576562926173, -0.01975562390871346, -0.28479519810061904, 0.14791710563004018, 0.4089968201704323, -0.23458902179263533, -0.3062596199568361, 0.007615479207015596, -0.2284174118656665, -0.08880868405249202, 0.28750010039657353, 0.027464256310486233, 0.12992034789640455, -0.013012645137496292, -0.04525576643645764, -0.05356846818467602, -0.25497043384239076, 0.1527932296972722, 0.06409061091253535, 0.281399898417294, 0.010214144084602594, 0.09594449140131474, -0.01070000211475417, 0.0600909183267504, -0.08235251954756677, -0.01311501192394644, 0.05068439454771578, 0.21448291395790875, 0.0075697684427723285, 0.22200648912694304, -0.5583345379680396, -0.10968580110929907, -0.014111516159027815, 0.0489652490359731, 0.16171786468476057, -0.11832125214859843, -0.29956057576928286, 0.048374967812560496, -0.2684046073351055, -0.04819844663143158, -0.06607425608672202, 0.023766211699694395, 0.08436757042072714, -0.24597486280836164, -0.021289254457224162, 0.10102285598404706, -0.00320547535084188, 0.017881962307728826, -0.046572704520076516, 0.07163790776394308, 0.1044802910182625, -0.23815914187580348, 0.08043519692728296, 0.2982425017282367, -0.13089703649748116, -0.2834203497390263, 0.3307555974461138, 0.02039292799308896, -0.1446844108402729, 0.14970456017181277, -0.1255546002765186, -0.0767874055658467, 0.04657884761691093, 0.09635608062963001, -0.040258285170421, -0.18278330019675196, 0.17456772559962702, -0.0009593149181455374, 0.1909428998362273, 0.05903834506170824, 0.11533469427376986, 0.22865463311318307, 0.19902883423492312, 0.05471268580440665, 0.2574862180277705, -0.11129419663920999, -0.08097662664949894, -0.3332406798377633, -0.164656791719608, -0.3070223281159997, 0.1406479868106544, -0.06014891660233843, -0.27044603433459996, 0.47417307533323766, 0.13369802406523376, 0.10545858680270612, 0.04409524011425674, 0.3573569722473621, 0.12012035474181175, 0.18526066830381752, 0.036835115402936935, 0.05815780520206317, 0.17755731944926084, 0.07370349206030369, -0.29390259543433783, 0.03812902215577196, -0.02615885764826089] |
708.1837 | Using Multi-Threshold Threshold Gates in RTD-based Logic Design. A Case
Study | The basic building blocks for Resonant Tunnelling Diode (RTD) logic circuits
are Threshold Gates (TGs) instead of the conventional Boolean gates (AND, OR,
NAND, NOR) due to the fact that, when designing with RTDs, threshold gates can
be implemented as efficiently as conventional ones, but realize more complex
functions. Recently, RTD structures implementing Multi-Threshold Threshold
Gates (MTTGs) have been proposed which further increase the functionality of
the original TGs while maintaining their operating principle and allowing also
the implementation of nanopipelining at the gate level. This paper describes
the design of n-bit adders using these MTTGs. A comparison with a design based
on TGs is carried out showing advantages in terms of latency, device counts and
power consumption.
| cond-mat.other | the basic building blocks for resonant tunnelling diode rtd logic circuits are threshold gates tgs instead of the conventional boolean gates and or nand nor due to the fact that when designing with rtds threshold gates can be implemented as efficiently as conventional ones but realize more complex functions recently rtd structures implementing multithreshold threshold gates mttgs have been proposed which further increase the functionality of the original tgs while maintaining their operating principle and allowing also the implementation of nanopipelining at the gate level this paper describes the design of nbit adders using these mttgs a comparison with a design based on tgs is carried out showing advantages in terms of latency device counts and power consumption | [['the', 'basic', 'building', 'blocks', 'for', 'resonant', 'tunnelling', 'diode', 'rtd', 'logic', 'circuits', 'are', 'threshold', 'gates', 'tgs', 'instead', 'of', 'the', 'conventional', 'boolean', 'gates', 'and', 'or', 'nand', 'nor', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'when', 'designing', 'with', 'rtds', 'threshold', 'gates', 'can', 'be', 'implemented', 'as', 'efficiently', 'as', 'conventional', 'ones', 'but', 'realize', 'more', 'complex', 'functions', 'recently', 'rtd', 'structures', 'implementing', 'multithreshold', 'threshold', 'gates', 'mttgs', 'have', 'been', 'proposed', 'which', 'further', 'increase', 'the', 'functionality', 'of', 'the', 'original', 'tgs', 'while', 'maintaining', 'their', 'operating', 'principle', 'and', 'allowing', 'also', 'the', 'implementation', 'of', 'nanopipelining', 'at', 'the', 'gate', 'level', 'this', 'paper', 'describes', 'the', 'design', 'of', 'nbit', 'adders', 'using', 'these', 'mttgs', 'a', 'comparison', 'with', 'a', 'design', 'based', 'on', 'tgs', 'is', 'carried', 'out', 'showing', 'advantages', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'latency', 'device', 'counts', 'and', 'power', 'consumption']] | [-0.131010324419881, 0.07818015874565944, -0.024787943344563246, -0.003904429118594398, -0.0269632202775582, -0.2459833784919718, 0.1307679844862002, 0.4132056837172612, -0.23705349942547796, -0.3461446989489638, 0.09539456583620251, -0.22208311935562802, -0.1638001181124507, 0.2686262401043559, -0.06220079977065325, 0.12381087969178739, 0.005451028206912072, -0.016604026714744775, -0.07431351586331046, -0.2659093347944967, 0.22129743131606475, 0.1209163767002199, 0.3387771588061815, 0.020976297221268002, 0.1024559576590748, -0.008571003022623936, 0.05833518315997461, 0.006583530969067436, -0.015411528511005758, 0.0976348209478285, 0.2843345843761673, 0.10530181518836838, 0.23366931745094124, -0.4944364651551713, -0.1913102389090573, 0.059116675077087205, 0.13225120409270344, 0.1065230715146754, -0.048478419220950655, -0.24202535916119813, 0.1215712836548767, -0.18584931574599897, -0.03373876848946447, -0.11547247813609632, -0.018756212119984884, 0.04636394741044016, -0.2410284864432786, -0.034108231908834094, 0.09139725616930619, 0.035027131450402996, 0.06019081674799647, -0.115389181535853, 0.007540307862117238, 0.08416577148094329, -0.10750618522743816, 0.01422753252782454, 0.21203401302918792, -0.09032513206500722, -0.20434324272057933, 0.31078383114857033, 0.030278424069325884, -0.17831008001812734, 0.12312091545647254, -0.0661160279333632, -0.062366927216720325, 0.09805200217372698, 0.12066677610349397, 0.06561733997710373, -0.16009496666108886, 0.09007365318754201, 0.06407784500523754, 0.2392602462483489, 0.1299021302519933, 0.1104945421502318, 0.17891903124425723, 0.19901831523343191, 0.03416317811681201, 0.1730030459949099, -0.04853595720158647, -0.08731727244575387, -0.27110366871094577, -0.14735627694703315, -0.16772470147065494, 0.02528691177924528, -0.016778682578866288, -0.15828350620324036, 0.41984561416118044, 0.13488257792575853, 0.13940807507251915, 0.10625360045359349, 0.3691172211714413, 0.1695504448083027, 0.18457536491636267, 0.0428620219392621, 0.19508240991879416, 0.11374260532953169, 0.07249923413416938, -0.21103083631023764, 0.100767621466809, 0.005044437922618311] |
708.1838 | Fast rates for support vector machines using Gaussian kernels | For binary classification we establish learning rates up to the order of
$n^{-1}$ for support vector machines (SVMs) with hinge loss and Gaussian RBF
kernels. These rates are in terms of two assumptions on the considered
distributions: Tsybakov's noise assumption to establish a small estimation
error, and a new geometric noise condition which is used to bound the
approximation error. Unlike previously proposed concepts for bounding the
approximation error, the geometric noise assumption does not employ any
smoothness assumption.
| math.ST stat.ML stat.TH | for binary classification we establish learning rates up to the order of n1 for support vector machines svms with hinge loss and gaussian rbf kernels these rates are in terms of two assumptions on the considered distributions tsybakovs noise assumption to establish a small estimation error and a new geometric noise condition which is used to bound the approximation error unlike previously proposed concepts for bounding the approximation error the geometric noise assumption does not employ any smoothness assumption | [['for', 'binary', 'classification', 'we', 'establish', 'learning', 'rates', 'up', 'to', 'the', 'order', 'of', 'n1', 'for', 'support', 'vector', 'machines', 'svms', 'with', 'hinge', 'loss', 'and', 'gaussian', 'rbf', 'kernels', 'these', 'rates', 'are', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'two', 'assumptions', 'on', 'the', 'considered', 'distributions', 'tsybakovs', 'noise', 'assumption', 'to', 'establish', 'a', 'small', 'estimation', 'error', 'and', 'a', 'new', 'geometric', 'noise', 'condition', 'which', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'bound', 'the', 'approximation', 'error', 'unlike', 'previously', 'proposed', 'concepts', 'for', 'bounding', 'the', 'approximation', 'error', 'the', 'geometric', 'noise', 'assumption', 'does', 'not', 'employ', 'any', 'smoothness', 'assumption']] | [-0.09196659732503887, 0.030886869936521295, -0.08141042242604721, 0.1543475561008989, -0.07975778000169917, -0.1841655088989418, 0.07847921391713279, 0.3806323909047472, -0.25486315137859955, -0.2934599119839789, 0.13219304532372642, -0.19429023125315015, -0.14833785378951816, 0.17097131775904306, -0.14614192415264587, 0.1643465869482371, 0.07313435048725503, 0.06776519848293142, -0.12820023036550118, -0.31859531471670804, 0.3410104296724253, 0.02542838085254159, 0.30829553392161674, 0.0015439775483564863, 0.1211905315329757, -0.001185469370618274, -0.011166885442135833, -0.06513702528716266, -0.14114292496461658, 0.13977975539179355, 0.2053681918584942, 0.1125594310438897, 0.319771004858415, -0.3713733014308765, -0.26117906715909517, 0.15821450926905758, 0.09883082543405457, 0.09898503368596628, 0.019283635935251, -0.2541133169500346, 0.12040281789141553, -0.11062934622168541, -0.08264452098762687, -0.13527027278832054, -0.06367418360955353, 0.061589965054505987, -0.41670578213031345, 0.08752142980435415, 0.17625009699995758, 0.03777850580790752, -0.08087111315159481, -0.17324296095043043, 0.08062752472425375, 0.07644460131001624, 0.041953454056424616, 0.044593274363469854, 0.11434989507181888, -0.13172422162009567, -0.11816233102986708, 0.2913740446107297, -0.09105051590182783, -0.34555982661586776, 0.1996490311914984, -0.0835236937066988, -0.10973533350809277, 0.11984751697134556, 0.22132171843719634, 0.06109103904683379, -0.1465923698748686, 0.04469346622730122, 0.0017540314871393426, 0.1558238150127515, 0.08993889231682767, 0.08330071777034598, 0.05762692935811945, 0.1157731673668457, 0.08642906751398946, 0.10138733673227739, -0.1552909620288948, -0.0836362718498405, -0.3275059592686122, -0.09528049286469652, -0.22762965363792226, 0.01810939965752702, -0.13015663919084752, -0.20024812305228243, 0.293756701594478, 0.13836260490661748, 0.18459435056046217, 0.15968506938418303, 0.32294344913827466, 0.12378141333502304, 0.06621217336269873, 0.1492921749742914, 0.24487522181972296, 0.17325920130633102, -0.006196772367280873, -0.14528668102737563, 0.1383062227971003, 0.09765652256805592] |
708.1839 | A Design of an Autonomous Molecule Loading/Transporting/Unloading System
Using DNA Hybridization and Biomolecular Linear Motors | This paper describes a design of a molecular propagation system in molecular
communication. Molecular communication is a new communication paradigm where
biological and artificially-created nanomachines communicate over a short
distance using molecules. A molecular propagation system in molecular
communication directionally transports molecules from a sender to a receiver.
In the design described in this paper, protein filaments glide over immobilized
motor proteins along preconfigured microlithographic tracks, and the gliding
protein filaments carry and transport molecules from a sender to a receiver. In
the design, DNA hybridization is used to load and unload the molecules onto and
from the carriers at a sender and a receiver. In the design,
loading/transporting/unloading processes are autonomous and require no external
control.
| physics.bio-ph q-bio.MN | this paper describes a design of a molecular propagation system in molecular communication molecular communication is a new communication paradigm where biological and artificiallycreated nanomachines communicate over a short distance using molecules a molecular propagation system in molecular communication directionally transports molecules from a sender to a receiver in the design described in this paper protein filaments glide over immobilized motor proteins along preconfigured microlithographic tracks and the gliding protein filaments carry and transport molecules from a sender to a receiver in the design dna hybridization is used to load and unload the molecules onto and from the carriers at a sender and a receiver in the design loadingtransportingunloading processes are autonomous and require no external control | [['this', 'paper', 'describes', 'a', 'design', 'of', 'a', 'molecular', 'propagation', 'system', 'in', 'molecular', 'communication', 'molecular', 'communication', 'is', 'a', 'new', 'communication', 'paradigm', 'where', 'biological', 'and', 'artificiallycreated', 'nanomachines', 'communicate', 'over', 'a', 'short', 'distance', 'using', 'molecules', 'a', 'molecular', 'propagation', 'system', 'in', 'molecular', 'communication', 'directionally', 'transports', 'molecules', 'from', 'a', 'sender', 'to', 'a', 'receiver', 'in', 'the', 'design', 'described', 'in', 'this', 'paper', 'protein', 'filaments', 'glide', 'over', 'immobilized', 'motor', 'proteins', 'along', 'preconfigured', 'microlithographic', 'tracks', 'and', 'the', 'gliding', 'protein', 'filaments', 'carry', 'and', 'transport', 'molecules', 'from', 'a', 'sender', 'to', 'a', 'receiver', 'in', 'the', 'design', 'dna', 'hybridization', 'is', 'used', 'to', 'load', 'and', 'unload', 'the', 'molecules', 'onto', 'and', 'from', 'the', 'carriers', 'at', 'a', 'sender', 'and', 'a', 'receiver', 'in', 'the', 'design', 'loadingtransportingunloading', 'processes', 'are', 'autonomous', 'and', 'require', 'no', 'external', 'control']] | [-0.24103711708857303, 0.11705829179437276, -0.04821061245329155, -0.031664541522204354, -0.022875178433758647, -0.22647648269163542, 0.11894409772082183, 0.4281049002484794, -0.31373083718496847, -0.2193708436628967, 0.004705510529068609, -0.24628322038456404, -0.18075744953137218, 0.14366981495792666, -0.041969437830215485, 0.0045578512363135815, 0.05830539418221043, -0.01042339005180749, 0.05792524571644894, -0.1277266513360174, 0.18111567511304952, 0.08060474830001527, 0.25665470188189493, 0.03137504956031447, 0.15533527142874765, -0.007334766447903556, 0.0423554765742697, -0.08682993551095326, -0.12377992243375302, 0.16506838250758224, 0.3061503957397419, 0.10514940213199639, 0.25389085294629793, -0.4905241078517416, -0.26027112850396517, 0.056058982599592, 0.1872848714742679, 0.1662124290331185, -0.05455066073326427, -0.2580595111245649, 0.029908515431248305, -0.14103632996250925, -0.03682637475880288, 0.051535210745784925, -0.04526921307766124, 0.12009731707114138, -0.22644272483803593, 0.020634374397463705, -0.03667496759117695, 0.12584690249467825, -0.04224569502433664, -0.03880824343701661, -0.00820029497947217, 0.18328072663739717, -0.03412965745991913, 0.07716839636774048, 0.28185353434660976, -0.11205121105651192, -0.1158806608270919, 0.42541193529930815, -0.005883018508667878, -0.2259717695823495, 0.21852581432955176, -0.056912544262575054, -0.13002162359924496, 0.1929496493059815, 0.22707429488205857, 0.06400604618727557, -0.23478727297154828, -0.00911796637426545, 0.02070668064417285, 0.23024407708854006, 0.10228213519797448, 0.02862516069568269, 0.22977695831816577, 0.1851096009067668, 0.09048223981976901, 0.14627943919121958, -0.09515218107487287, -0.14534949944681375, -0.20645521658783159, -0.24815326019827472, -0.22295326859641232, 0.05668914456149204, 0.003490699443270722, -0.08574871338184989, 0.3647990492499319, 0.09640656454946127, 0.14892471201815888, 0.061916157660450326, 0.35250631674078475, -0.05800745079473576, 0.08445121279280436, 0.1063182541626718, 0.1599494953059771, 0.14222703311232882, 0.14291531516426945, -0.239651599312773, 0.11263085060687572, -0.05068213886822872] |
708.184 | Prototyping Bio-Nanorobots using Molecular Dynamics Simulation | This paper presents a molecular mechanics study using a molecular dynamics
software (NAMD) coupled to virtual reality (VR) techniques for intuitive
Bio-NanoRobotic prototyping. Using simulated Bio-Nano environments in VR, the
operator can design and characterize through physical simulation and 3-D
visualization the behavior of Bio-NanoRobotic components and structures. The
main novelty of the proposed simulations is based on the characterization of
stiffness performances of passive joints-based deca-alanine protein molecule
and active joints-based viral protein motor (VPL) in their native environment.
Their use as elementary Bio-NanoRobotic components (1 dof platform) are also
simulated and the results discussed.
| physics.bio-ph | this paper presents a molecular mechanics study using a molecular dynamics software namd coupled to virtual reality vr techniques for intuitive bionanorobotic prototyping using simulated bionano environments in vr the operator can design and characterize through physical simulation and 3d visualization the behavior of bionanorobotic components and structures the main novelty of the proposed simulations is based on the characterization of stiffness performances of passive jointsbased decaalanine protein molecule and active jointsbased viral protein motor vpl in their native environment their use as elementary bionanorobotic components 1 dof platform are also simulated and the results discussed | [['this', 'paper', 'presents', 'a', 'molecular', 'mechanics', 'study', 'using', 'a', 'molecular', 'dynamics', 'software', 'namd', 'coupled', 'to', 'virtual', 'reality', 'vr', 'techniques', 'for', 'intuitive', 'bionanorobotic', 'prototyping', 'using', 'simulated', 'bionano', 'environments', 'in', 'vr', 'the', 'operator', 'can', 'design', 'and', 'characterize', 'through', 'physical', 'simulation', 'and', '3d', 'visualization', 'the', 'behavior', 'of', 'bionanorobotic', 'components', 'and', 'structures', 'the', 'main', 'novelty', 'of', 'the', 'proposed', 'simulations', 'is', 'based', 'on', 'the', 'characterization', 'of', 'stiffness', 'performances', 'of', 'passive', 'jointsbased', 'decaalanine', 'protein', 'molecule', 'and', 'active', 'jointsbased', 'viral', 'protein', 'motor', 'vpl', 'in', 'their', 'native', 'environment', 'their', 'use', 'as', 'elementary', 'bionanorobotic', 'components', '1', 'dof', 'platform', 'are', 'also', 'simulated', 'and', 'the', 'results', 'discussed']] | [-0.11237841786103363, 0.057153093415570067, -0.07227182009832021, 0.018195511682821002, -0.03666912124769643, -0.1448261465263018, 0.008285889928377768, 0.4290008446934851, -0.2137067398016757, -0.29296493781928684, 0.054072796111985885, -0.2112598723702212, -0.25150855749590384, 0.18820447244612065, -0.03625191223530218, 0.04858047568531548, 0.07812967539784756, -0.034840697165023776, 0.017718243898150136, -0.13882167476657878, 0.253610537219, 0.056855419987535225, 0.2852962451709553, 0.05409686504912741, 0.10392786216664504, 0.01399693269520364, -0.016279918102032328, -0.029229183681309223, -0.1209628432592813, 0.16471267714997398, 0.27012224744589247, 0.17355007693627256, 0.2498560506315466, -0.46378644149591947, -0.17917095522019774, 0.014725770162259962, 0.19204529741917678, 0.05724765957293517, -0.09824333619434718, -0.3032321396551313, 0.08946855712503671, -0.1710583439711085, -0.14312723762494453, -0.07339322049804825, -0.01075886748235752, 0.08638232808183641, -0.19894612170359555, 0.022593499500331706, -0.025882857388499728, 0.14853369628891666, -0.08456123593520928, -0.114788117798719, -0.023554725522928414, 0.17980063551704975, -0.03856929977414535, -0.020207297941174436, 0.2624269465202505, -0.10502171716553733, -0.1449422896691063, 0.40039900531794165, 0.013431564374688142, -0.22442730845997427, 0.280817771927414, -0.04718248139660647, -0.11049326685098733, 0.1154913468573718, 0.20461987573752535, 0.08878478266179879, -0.18892835635454097, 0.03634065453228144, 0.016066346614760287, 0.1753091962160939, -0.005534225993076379, 0.006484050382959082, 0.14598778098762194, 0.23987506003059605, -0.04486946753325917, 0.16006341221137962, -0.05706469854339957, -0.1349152910542932, -0.21941169452397746, -0.21939983387338988, -0.16588728942789455, 0.008766703872366789, -0.07096861404824402, -0.13726226406350256, 0.3815605736317787, 0.13360442412692677, 0.10648650973861878, 0.05006877009935202, 0.3694646769758076, -0.014974705336189413, 0.032761944760073054, 0.028782051864099947, 0.1819083727314137, 0.11401948619118714, 0.14812917891949257, -0.244194583985905, 0.07331496470439386, 0.02364836496727026] |
708.1841 | A Framework for Computing Transport Properties of Carbon Nanotube-based
Conductance Biochemical Sensors | In this paper we present a framework for fast quantum conductance
calculations of carbon nanotube-based sensing devices targeting aromatic amino
acids within a tight binding approximation. The method begins by a novel
parameterization procedure based on isospectral matrix flows. With the properly
parameterized Hamiltonian we employ a linearly scaling algorithm to compute the
quantum conductance in the coherent transport regime. A few conclusions are
presented regarding the suitability of carbon nanotubes in aromatic amino acid
detection.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | in this paper we present a framework for fast quantum conductance calculations of carbon nanotubebased sensing devices targeting aromatic amino acids within a tight binding approximation the method begins by a novel parameterization procedure based on isospectral matrix flows with the properly parameterized hamiltonian we employ a linearly scaling algorithm to compute the quantum conductance in the coherent transport regime a few conclusions are presented regarding the suitability of carbon nanotubes in aromatic amino acid detection | [['in', 'this', 'paper', 'we', 'present', 'a', 'framework', 'for', 'fast', 'quantum', 'conductance', 'calculations', 'of', 'carbon', 'nanotubebased', 'sensing', 'devices', 'targeting', 'aromatic', 'amino', 'acids', 'within', 'a', 'tight', 'binding', 'approximation', 'the', 'method', 'begins', 'by', 'a', 'novel', 'parameterization', 'procedure', 'based', 'on', 'isospectral', 'matrix', 'flows', 'with', 'the', 'properly', 'parameterized', 'hamiltonian', 'we', 'employ', 'a', 'linearly', 'scaling', 'algorithm', 'to', 'compute', 'the', 'quantum', 'conductance', 'in', 'the', 'coherent', 'transport', 'regime', 'a', 'few', 'conclusions', 'are', 'presented', 'regarding', 'the', 'suitability', 'of', 'carbon', 'nanotubes', 'in', 'aromatic', 'amino', 'acid', 'detection']] | [-0.1343332078111799, 0.11065672107629086, -0.04628104956722573, 0.009651071905146205, 0.02959688092998572, -0.1883442717494051, 0.10742573737087169, 0.4571350929082224, -0.2475496064442651, -0.26948360708775, -0.028555561768467, -0.2691485644808333, -0.2110616863095569, 0.13591594624296321, -0.03117829323194823, 0.07192375188644387, 0.10035849759036577, -0.05017293418610567, -0.033175594577761855, -0.17815325422653636, 0.2018941110245099, 0.0905721154719542, 0.27719819562901793, 0.11042440525795284, 0.06076933454268759, -0.006189819927768488, 0.01026719763850499, -0.021813211833911116, -0.18058366492684735, 0.19784306442230254, 0.30054762213043623, 0.01912562063233437, 0.23187369507075728, -0.46066434867680073, -0.2090273501204425, 0.016896209379314985, 0.14788416085043296, 0.19709921660097807, -0.07975778516265564, -0.22641982450640122, 0.07847319023781701, -0.17124072528493248, -0.08008290202595067, -0.07644138750191287, -0.01595744537189603, 0.039475751356037925, -0.1881054524136217, 0.08957947933384658, 4.991483384449231e-05, 0.05605810000413744, -0.06797632496856845, -0.13322013846941685, 0.035856833047307045, 0.06758461675704702, -0.017013974524544256, -0.06968924200382869, 0.26454779582931415, -0.06262422927446958, -0.08644257700315823, 0.4094641061107579, -0.10345778506751613, -0.16439223986756252, 0.13122962650499845, -0.024794668786374752, -0.20105549373884538, 0.16099705381662047, 0.13839192286525903, 0.20127486420403184, -0.205763384074855, 0.07083786390476714, -0.03448291045711621, 0.17411763741218142, 0.07108399590269025, 0.04318156174237007, 0.22729804815945068, 0.2110386270980694, 0.04264715797954092, 0.14447516537467509, -0.09219311553016796, -0.08384028796449695, -0.23744189388755904, -0.16179156947979018, -0.18430342804640532, 0.08377434206072633, -0.06646267036098595, -0.20438766958633145, 0.4131628001402867, 0.10035596585734502, 0.16832129471923077, 0.07063470926674965, 0.28117866983245077, 0.045087217586115, 0.08310024521779269, 0.025345607207303767, 0.17332964540018062, 0.2110146689994604, 0.04921131237336483, -0.2836932533927642, 0.0620280241618227, 0.10495752244452505] |
708.1842 | Zero temperature conductance of parallel T-shape double quantum dots | We analyze the zero temperature conductance of a parallel T-shaped double
quantum dot system. We present an analytical expression for the conductance of
the system in terms of the total number of electrons in both quantum dots. Our
results confirm that the system's conductance is strongly influenced by the dot
which is not directly connected to the leads. We discuss our results in
connection with similar results reported in the literature.
| cond-mat.mes-hall | we analyze the zero temperature conductance of a parallel tshaped double quantum dot system we present an analytical expression for the conductance of the system in terms of the total number of electrons in both quantum dots our results confirm that the systems conductance is strongly influenced by the dot which is not directly connected to the leads we discuss our results in connection with similar results reported in the literature | [['we', 'analyze', 'the', 'zero', 'temperature', 'conductance', 'of', 'a', 'parallel', 'tshaped', 'double', 'quantum', 'dot', 'system', 'we', 'present', 'an', 'analytical', 'expression', 'for', 'the', 'conductance', 'of', 'the', 'system', 'in', 'terms', 'of', 'the', 'total', 'number', 'of', 'electrons', 'in', 'both', 'quantum', 'dots', 'our', 'results', 'confirm', 'that', 'the', 'systems', 'conductance', 'is', 'strongly', 'influenced', 'by', 'the', 'dot', 'which', 'is', 'not', 'directly', 'connected', 'to', 'the', 'leads', 'we', 'discuss', 'our', 'results', 'in', 'connection', 'with', 'similar', 'results', 'reported', 'in', 'the', 'literature']] | [-0.19038590543549244, 0.10053710145142067, -0.03862265549914937, -0.01346624652776395, 0.03547794925389995, -0.1360279114746397, 0.047920198781533876, 0.3467176594364811, -0.23102222047221493, -0.29288793300134197, 0.005684509952093514, -0.30328248172316336, -0.20192741980435144, 0.2760275911907075, -0.05889366287738085, 0.017451327412166227, 0.07171680539531607, 0.04784175996917864, -0.045718678991428355, -0.2488828136415129, 0.32015567432931613, 0.021369668743638714, 0.27389268638749775, 0.11043712094386804, 0.033987923492480754, -0.008066136514584363, 0.03197845730038596, 0.06562176406462218, -0.15821733999012355, 0.09717367691788036, 0.20866177047432308, -0.016925249274977495, 0.18795259513328194, -0.44904914891845743, -0.13759571912003235, 0.028976888054798186, 0.1618959588707018, 0.1356233662391134, -0.04193213031115666, -0.2671512449422563, 0.08894519892219506, -0.15509415259847129, -0.09812805193646902, -0.037011642310715895, -0.03274264121690477, 0.04159798519521899, -0.21365185455143662, 0.09233232645291678, 0.05415696030299009, -0.009841627467581084, -0.03754509713920489, -0.0924163619679412, 0.022426597046023105, 0.12233802495839101, -0.007618819068277806, 0.008200984461311723, 0.14711576629377587, -0.12409373525608804, -0.1668555808227352, 0.3189995513218914, -0.08647205219538488, -0.174936531767459, 0.16899663850035465, -0.21474211453788086, -0.08726151820770661, 0.08883783604267617, 0.10488560495399674, 0.1028455440545271, -0.1477870561451402, 0.08670458154634796, -0.05725972594457193, 0.15986425038689459, -0.02017406940879956, 0.06341248133521475, 0.20942439899688037, 0.15106168430639613, 0.041673559452813695, 0.18122515237224485, -0.09518521806408822, -0.12630173395276692, -0.29317741523641094, -0.21349137997858122, -0.2133520166324058, 0.07110512018237349, -0.06215216065297874, -0.1781103721734556, 0.4231958231350905, 0.16684968403579903, 0.2245866621936291, 0.027377808701023985, 0.27656994783647465, 0.2153791878536396, 0.048119101181468914, 0.056884156507243155, 0.2301597407113918, 0.19993357177049867, 0.08978125672052864, -0.33589009892090527, 0.030835070181638002, -0.02730181367910454] |
708.1843 | Electrical Characterisation of Ultra-thin SAM Structures | The way of reduction of metal oxyde semiconductor (MOS) structures is going
to reach limitations and new devices have to be explored as an alternative to
MOS technology. Molecular electronic and more particularly
self-assembly-molecular technique on silicon substrate gives interesting
results as seen in the literature. We are going to study n-alkyltrichlorosilane
grafting on oxidised silicon, characterise it macroscopically with ellipsometer
and goniometry measurements, and down to microscopic scale with atomic force
microscopy. Once the uniformity of the monolayer is verified (roughness of few
Angstr\"oms) we have tested a sputtering method deposition to form aluminium
dots onto the surface. Also metal-insulator-semiconductor diodes are tested
measuring both leakage current between gate and substrate and
capacitance-voltage. The sputtering method deposition can be improved in order
to decrease the gate leakage current and we would like to test another
evaporation method. Further application we want to study is gas sensors using
conjugated organic films or synthetic polymers and concerns the drift current
with gas absorption.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | the way of reduction of metal oxyde semiconductor mos structures is going to reach limitations and new devices have to be explored as an alternative to mos technology molecular electronic and more particularly selfassemblymolecular technique on silicon substrate gives interesting results as seen in the literature we are going to study nalkyltrichlorosilane grafting on oxidised silicon characterise it macroscopically with ellipsometer and goniometry measurements and down to microscopic scale with atomic force microscopy once the uniformity of the monolayer is verified roughness of few angstroms we have tested a sputtering method deposition to form aluminium dots onto the surface also metalinsulatorsemiconductor diodes are tested measuring both leakage current between gate and substrate and capacitancevoltage the sputtering method deposition can be improved in order to decrease the gate leakage current and we would like to test another evaporation method further application we want to study is gas sensors using conjugated organic films or synthetic polymers and concerns the drift current with gas absorption | [['the', 'way', 'of', 'reduction', 'of', 'metal', 'oxyde', 'semiconductor', 'mos', 'structures', 'is', 'going', 'to', 'reach', 'limitations', 'and', 'new', 'devices', 'have', 'to', 'be', 'explored', 'as', 'an', 'alternative', 'to', 'mos', 'technology', 'molecular', 'electronic', 'and', 'more', 'particularly', 'selfassemblymolecular', 'technique', 'on', 'silicon', 'substrate', 'gives', 'interesting', 'results', 'as', 'seen', 'in', 'the', 'literature', 'we', 'are', 'going', 'to', 'study', 'nalkyltrichlorosilane', 'grafting', 'on', 'oxidised', 'silicon', 'characterise', 'it', 'macroscopically', 'with', 'ellipsometer', 'and', 'goniometry', 'measurements', 'and', 'down', 'to', 'microscopic', 'scale', 'with', 'atomic', 'force', 'microscopy', 'once', 'the', 'uniformity', 'of', 'the', 'monolayer', 'is', 'verified', 'roughness', 'of', 'few', 'angstroms', 'we', 'have', 'tested', 'a', 'sputtering', 'method', 'deposition', 'to', 'form', 'aluminium', 'dots', 'onto', 'the', 'surface', 'also', 'metalinsulatorsemiconductor', 'diodes', 'are', 'tested', 'measuring', 'both', 'leakage', 'current', 'between', 'gate', 'and', 'substrate', 'and', 'capacitancevoltage', 'the', 'sputtering', 'method', 'deposition', 'can', 'be', 'improved', 'in', 'order', 'to', 'decrease', 'the', 'gate', 'leakage', 'current', 'and', 'we', 'would', 'like', 'to', 'test', 'another', 'evaporation', 'method', 'further', 'application', 'we', 'want', 'to', 'study', 'is', 'gas', 'sensors', 'using', 'conjugated', 'organic', 'films', 'or', 'synthetic', 'polymers', 'and', 'concerns', 'the', 'drift', 'current', 'with', 'gas', 'absorption']] | [-0.052805747819365936, 0.11752709310612772, -0.05891813670750708, -0.010042228678503306, -0.016958069350221195, -0.20509323841397417, 0.05916606227365264, 0.4832092479569837, -0.25832291309779976, -0.3359368305420503, 0.06598048349987948, -0.32298932526318824, -0.09038191349609406, 0.2504061884566909, -0.041831787107639684, 0.05047350397817354, -0.005124409474956337, -0.12937257743033115, -0.06672078026749659, -0.23164299005729844, 0.2277374449695344, 0.07817498703952878, 0.3064138731213461, 0.11936554670101032, 0.064943035854958, -0.06420420235954225, 0.05577776358986739, 0.040859750186791645, -0.16478907825076022, 0.10988077412475832, 0.2227208444601274, -0.004099949597730301, 0.20797005008207634, -0.5168928853934631, -0.19915324337198398, 0.006783819737029262, 0.14373609921822209, 0.136000297452847, -0.09350364576575884, -0.24643627629848197, 0.07758223366108723, -0.14533574111410416, -0.09840469531618509, -0.07474244625627761, -0.027244801219785585, 0.030432243476388975, -0.20572383456019452, 0.006931084710049618, -0.0044667849419056434, 0.05825856511655729, -0.03694481430402448, -0.12234306151804049, -0.041582819150062275, 0.08702134434279288, 0.0027562088842387313, 0.026468725087761415, 0.30524300584802405, -0.08018609138816828, -0.07558102987823076, 0.33557952918927186, -0.08096123004288529, -0.13408378066960722, 0.2183823969666264, -0.17194982048822566, -0.03682969911315013, 0.1306156255224778, 0.13446173627162353, 0.09564997754205251, -0.1799614652656601, 0.017577521096973213, 0.031814159022178504, 0.18534240175795275, 0.12439136856264668, 0.056496169348247346, 0.21344457764423624, 0.24706425233162008, 0.0454891109460732, 0.14020855422277237, -0.15373414451896678, -0.006401438680768479, -0.19524992051301523, -0.2208355931987171, -0.18209107803704683, 0.093648193521949, -0.03109253715883824, -0.1752321782289073, 0.33637192839960334, 0.17262618405784452, 0.14617089559324087, -0.04432380522193853, 0.31334431391369433, 0.08929201787614147, 0.10821216276672203, -0.04865576541487826, 0.23138915254676248, 0.1733581078471616, 0.09723721961781848, -0.20340663304959888, 0.10623629046676797, -0.01849146548192948] |
708.1844 | Low Temperature Investigation of Electrical Conduction in Polysilicon:
Simulation and Experiment | Investigation of electrical conduction in polysilicon nanowires (polySiNW)
with nanograins (5 to 20nm), based on Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and
electrical measurements from 4K to 300K are presented. Some irregular Coulomb
Oscillations (CO) are observed at temperatures lower than 200K showing several
period widths due to the random distribution in grain size (5-20nm). A
remarkable result consists in more effective oscillations observed at
intermediate range of temperatures (between 25K and 150K) and high drain
voltages. The temperature dependence of COs is explained by the fact that in a
multiple asymmetric dot system at low temperature, COs are observed not at the
lowest but at an intermediate temperature range, whereas the drain voltage
dependence is due to an enhanced non-resonant tunneling. MC simulations have
confirmed experimental observations.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | investigation of electrical conduction in polysilicon nanowires polysinw with nanograins 5 to 20nm based on monte carlo mc simulations and electrical measurements from 4k to 300k are presented some irregular coulomb oscillations co are observed at temperatures lower than 200k showing several period widths due to the random distribution in grain size 520nm a remarkable result consists in more effective oscillations observed at intermediate range of temperatures between 25k and 150k and high drain voltages the temperature dependence of cos is explained by the fact that in a multiple asymmetric dot system at low temperature cos are observed not at the lowest but at an intermediate temperature range whereas the drain voltage dependence is due to an enhanced nonresonant tunneling mc simulations have confirmed experimental observations | [['investigation', 'of', 'electrical', 'conduction', 'in', 'polysilicon', 'nanowires', 'polysinw', 'with', 'nanograins', '5', 'to', '20nm', 'based', 'on', 'monte', 'carlo', 'mc', 'simulations', 'and', 'electrical', 'measurements', 'from', '4k', 'to', '300k', 'are', 'presented', 'some', 'irregular', 'coulomb', 'oscillations', 'co', 'are', 'observed', 'at', 'temperatures', 'lower', 'than', '200k', 'showing', 'several', 'period', 'widths', 'due', 'to', 'the', 'random', 'distribution', 'in', 'grain', 'size', '520nm', 'a', 'remarkable', 'result', 'consists', 'in', 'more', 'effective', 'oscillations', 'observed', 'at', 'intermediate', 'range', 'of', 'temperatures', 'between', '25k', 'and', '150k', 'and', 'high', 'drain', 'voltages', 'the', 'temperature', 'dependence', 'of', 'cos', 'is', 'explained', 'by', 'the', 'fact', 'that', 'in', 'a', 'multiple', 'asymmetric', 'dot', 'system', 'at', 'low', 'temperature', 'cos', 'are', 'observed', 'not', 'at', 'the', 'lowest', 'but', 'at', 'an', 'intermediate', 'temperature', 'range', 'whereas', 'the', 'drain', 'voltage', 'dependence', 'is', 'due', 'to', 'an', 'enhanced', 'nonresonant', 'tunneling', 'mc', 'simulations', 'have', 'confirmed', 'experimental', 'observations']] | [-0.12643315575737507, 0.21667961008311248, -0.026265050690621138, 0.025705245258286595, 0.010933231768663973, -0.16880257549136876, 0.07178991691768169, 0.434702252715826, -0.22128736646473407, -0.3838849277794361, 0.036498630048707126, -0.33327494955062864, -0.024646696742624045, 0.24678290741890668, 0.03341446676850319, -0.02125640922039747, 0.0030857786163687707, -0.06422506518568843, -0.09006590514443814, -0.1932101621599868, 0.20837565650977194, 0.09071616531163454, 0.297930458759889, 0.10456187223643064, 0.07055954795703293, -0.06583894109912217, 0.05815723425406032, 0.02568831114564091, -0.1346258025538991, -0.04568347153998911, 0.2616767543703318, -0.10797942607104778, 0.18706854521483182, -0.4148386463373899, -0.20310621901601553, 0.005448746114503592, 0.15254307842627168, 0.10185019684769213, -0.05444048676604871, -0.21199071704410016, 0.09982733229361475, -0.11274696821346879, -0.0993365723658353, -0.004663429748266936, 0.026083364583551885, -0.004168687924742699, -0.2572935373745859, 0.12583624924602918, 0.0033107922673225403, 0.13312890958040952, -0.05222153439372778, -0.19973342598136515, -0.07020890860073269, 0.031766722297528756, 0.015737111556343733, 0.038228423837572335, 0.20092374503985047, -0.07701589746028185, -0.053673217743635177, 0.27629260946810247, -0.07209685633622576, -0.023430153629742562, 0.22991640821285547, -0.2570657760836184, -0.0629946219669655, 0.24466630586609245, 0.09507342157512903, 0.07218183022737502, -0.1636164188235998, 0.030458568264497443, 0.042928054183721545, 0.18495429230481386, 0.08759620220214129, 0.05215306795015931, 0.24613955781422556, 0.18887495536729693, -0.016900263044983148, 0.11052660728804767, -0.16037173594348134, -0.047747975144535305, -0.21166150121064856, -0.06173994793370366, -0.18748695764318107, 0.0769625881073298, -0.10850809612090234, -0.13951338810101152, 0.3358478691021446, 0.173348856870085, 0.252108771989122, 0.027049590373411776, 0.29264967738091946, 0.1363243624223396, 0.08279579246754293, 0.06578678503993433, 0.2141241334725637, 0.1803248288705945, 0.1494290869422257, -0.2901303765531629, 0.08515435859933496, -0.08068506364151835] |
708.1845 | Measurements of CP Violation Parameters in B0 -> Kspi0pi0 and B0 -> KsKs
Decays | We present a measurement of the CP violation parameters in B0 ->Kspi0pi0 and
B0 -> KsKs decays using a data sample containing 657x10^6 BBbar pairs collected
with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider operating
at the Y(4S) resonance. We measure
SKspi0pi0 = +0.43+/-0.49+/-0.09,
AKspi0pi0 = -0.17+/-0.24+/-0.06,
SKsKs = -0.38+/-0.77+/-0.08 and
AKsKs = -0.38+/-0.38+/-0.05,
where the first and second errors are statistical and systematic,
respectively.
| hep-ex | we present a measurement of the cp violation parameters in b0 kspi0pi0 and b0 ksks decays using a data sample containing 657x106 bbbar pairs collected with the belle detector at the kekb asymmetricenergy ee collider operating at the y4s resonance we measure skspi0pi0 043049009 akspi0pi0 017024006 sksks 038077008 and aksks 038038005 where the first and second errors are statistical and systematic respectively | [['we', 'present', 'a', 'measurement', 'of', 'the', 'cp', 'violation', 'parameters', 'in', 'b0', 'kspi0pi0', 'and', 'b0', 'ksks', 'decays', 'using', 'a', 'data', 'sample', 'containing', '657x106', 'bbbar', 'pairs', 'collected', 'with', 'the', 'belle', 'detector', 'at', 'the', 'kekb', 'asymmetricenergy', 'ee', 'collider', 'operating', 'at', 'the', 'y4s', 'resonance', 'we', 'measure', 'skspi0pi0', '043049009', 'akspi0pi0', '017024006', 'sksks', '038077008', 'and', 'aksks', '038038005', 'where', 'the', 'first', 'and', 'second', 'errors', 'are', 'statistical', 'and', 'systematic', 'respectively']] | [-0.10977705705137748, 0.1314257293728725, -0.0667946485907964, 0.04025352845530746, -0.06978506039452458, -0.14719784953895043, 0.11399693387112457, 0.2617288539801144, -0.16138798335813126, -0.2744805928108827, 0.0067668544053855655, -0.5265191086427361, 0.1092706064008317, 0.15238649614664884, 0.09943078969657984, 0.1657411427465531, 0.18288756525231842, -0.004480335791155977, -0.07163342182471785, -0.17459707455885298, 0.2130417428594434, 0.047460897052484866, 0.25742075199542463, 0.01363449975988775, 0.049323951897984546, -0.0248112201005361, -0.033435240036474086, -0.05895708705175598, -0.13915970063118158, 0.01291168381170071, 0.2649082171704339, 0.18818195165960855, 0.1393689015563929, -0.3295521130954203, 0.09917544406610278, 0.23584380956753245, 0.0967078828955737, 0.028895043574695318, -0.06856823370589893, -0.46147829842454985, 0.1761579723536687, -0.1557306503341094, -0.004233767682651304, 0.012298947481333086, 0.016347766063123378, -0.11314459923514218, -0.42061012642422935, 0.11104372992479014, -0.11673006109612168, 0.17355970780909905, 0.015608255997440725, -0.23883090140122287, 0.029650800509975768, -0.058746035351365244, -0.022006667517828492, 0.013482497873241609, 0.21594691577033615, -0.029307083209168236, -0.20041052916280502, 0.3090257062313129, -0.07209576721844606, -0.07895279317250792, 0.16480800216876954, -0.33383386131411175, -0.14268457500334336, 0.14908589630053853, 0.32712271693601924, 0.0030524116097334422, -0.2811900539815707, 0.1284328590384421, 0.02079032440581974, 0.155317231204431, 0.11359538427852797, 0.09863736006027123, 0.13411255505041414, 0.24227507784962654, 0.03932607690540125, 0.1055891481843197, -0.21759133648900492, 0.04582405262538847, -0.5199430043686111, -0.11147515524951916, -0.07771145390733233, 0.04195071213861119, 0.04774226105161328, -0.028114489191826783, 0.38516029750682274, 0.03872857504647295, 0.3411464858975894, -0.006287104327161357, 0.3200338969780308, 0.0523430828075364, 0.02039851413497192, 0.08586344652768567, 0.3253098255691101, 0.11823231660110771, 0.1665797733332751, -0.3369833336893759, -0.011502967462084204, -0.07952345881329954] |
708.1846 | Tunable Integrated-Optics Nanoscaled Devices Based on Magnetic Photonic
Crystals | Magnetooptical properties of magnetic photonic crystals have been
investigated in the view of their possible applications for the modern
integrated-optics devices. A "transfer matrices" formalism was expanded for the
case of oblique light incidence on the periodic nanoscaled magnetic
multilayered systems. Several new effects such as the Faraday effect dependence
on the incidence angle and the tunability of the bandgap defect modes spectral
location by external magnetic fields were found. Several possibilities of
one-dimensional magnetic photonic crystals applications for the optical devices
are discussed. Initial steps towards the practical implementation of the
proposed devices are reported.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | magnetooptical properties of magnetic photonic crystals have been investigated in the view of their possible applications for the modern integratedoptics devices a transfer matrices formalism was expanded for the case of oblique light incidence on the periodic nanoscaled magnetic multilayered systems several new effects such as the faraday effect dependence on the incidence angle and the tunability of the bandgap defect modes spectral location by external magnetic fields were found several possibilities of onedimensional magnetic photonic crystals applications for the optical devices are discussed initial steps towards the practical implementation of the proposed devices are reported | [['magnetooptical', 'properties', 'of', 'magnetic', 'photonic', 'crystals', 'have', 'been', 'investigated', 'in', 'the', 'view', 'of', 'their', 'possible', 'applications', 'for', 'the', 'modern', 'integratedoptics', 'devices', 'a', 'transfer', 'matrices', 'formalism', 'was', 'expanded', 'for', 'the', 'case', 'of', 'oblique', 'light', 'incidence', 'on', 'the', 'periodic', 'nanoscaled', 'magnetic', 'multilayered', 'systems', 'several', 'new', 'effects', 'such', 'as', 'the', 'faraday', 'effect', 'dependence', 'on', 'the', 'incidence', 'angle', 'and', 'the', 'tunability', 'of', 'the', 'bandgap', 'defect', 'modes', 'spectral', 'location', 'by', 'external', 'magnetic', 'fields', 'were', 'found', 'several', 'possibilities', 'of', 'onedimensional', 'magnetic', 'photonic', 'crystals', 'applications', 'for', 'the', 'optical', 'devices', 'are', 'discussed', 'initial', 'steps', 'towards', 'the', 'practical', 'implementation', 'of', 'the', 'proposed', 'devices', 'are', 'reported']] | [-0.17918845917787016, 0.16071065114617036, 0.005855489949074884, 0.014626634462426106, -0.08023055666126311, -0.11703549084753224, 0.01726301149998714, 0.47678698929181945, -0.2381930003563563, -0.3136166312469868, 0.08982049725091201, -0.26280021996353753, -0.14428556929609235, 0.2949229280347936, 0.0374063503120207, 0.12666338274235991, -0.01042382805220162, -0.0501963581967478, -0.06851267945664101, -0.18397887541019978, 0.27662921060497564, 0.026850727347967524, 0.3527729293370309, 0.0703607491159346, 0.048881237422695754, 0.022686179615751218, 0.051034390926361084, 0.016793781503414113, -0.10234863158742276, 0.10905103995658767, 0.2161374459780442, -0.029638972203732312, 0.23797201827013245, -0.46758841909468174, -0.26708481599537964, 0.0005436103917115057, 0.1305973245180212, 0.15807150229617642, -0.1380965809318392, -0.2809692037772038, 0.0414595583473177, -0.126391060303528, -0.18692019413553376, -0.06910583826053578, 0.02867338762249953, 0.04826436629809905, -0.2056764727361345, -0.0017241716608017061, 0.0219070298759713, 0.12552933998328322, -0.07683695945024738, -0.14159172931977082, -0.034222865904060505, 0.05829203802568372, -0.009217510902089998, -0.061598663242572606, 0.20120033901184797, -0.13210393956978805, -0.16476692604677132, 0.3841015952833307, 0.03816725867363857, -0.11737482259438063, 0.13592765483432837, -0.14717699760270384, -0.06401538469071966, 0.11731371960195247, 0.19619745093465704, 0.1264145579189062, -0.11516861505879206, 0.0829091306071253, -0.0012737451664482553, 0.11238938971382595, 0.09786162850408194, 0.14153135369997472, 0.25480872646827873, 0.1738456560560735, -0.00414862693772496, 0.16147692295877883, -0.14129866962078572, 0.0005699349270192519, -0.21325374084214369, -0.1639117776500901, -0.18731766136867614, 0.032864992523779314, -0.09195967670999987, -0.1918847118940903, 0.4278049117468375, 0.15604537401425964, 0.1088419206062099, -0.08206208996489295, 0.28911558102602913, 0.0981395106925144, 0.10678762726941689, -0.031520433702705, 0.29872144512531423, 0.22246191621767744, 0.18161065597329676, -0.24254143348662183, 0.061178907965465136, -0.04019171605614247] |
708.1847 | Measurements of Luminescence from Cleaved Silicon | This paper outlines the results from experiments performed to gain further
information about the structure and properties of cleaved silicon surfaces,
using vacuum cleavage luminescence detection methods. The experiments involved
detecting the luminescence produced by cleaving thin silicon plates within a
high vacuum, by a process of converting the luminescence to an amplified
electrical signal.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | this paper outlines the results from experiments performed to gain further information about the structure and properties of cleaved silicon surfaces using vacuum cleavage luminescence detection methods the experiments involved detecting the luminescence produced by cleaving thin silicon plates within a high vacuum by a process of converting the luminescence to an amplified electrical signal | [['this', 'paper', 'outlines', 'the', 'results', 'from', 'experiments', 'performed', 'to', 'gain', 'further', 'information', 'about', 'the', 'structure', 'and', 'properties', 'of', 'cleaved', 'silicon', 'surfaces', 'using', 'vacuum', 'cleavage', 'luminescence', 'detection', 'methods', 'the', 'experiments', 'involved', 'detecting', 'the', 'luminescence', 'produced', 'by', 'cleaving', 'thin', 'silicon', 'plates', 'within', 'a', 'high', 'vacuum', 'by', 'a', 'process', 'of', 'converting', 'the', 'luminescence', 'to', 'an', 'amplified', 'electrical', 'signal']] | [-0.04072559309953993, 0.13788646574962926, -0.07780976861037991, -0.032169252198913124, -0.002303487502715804, -0.09532194224778902, 0.0760088538941504, 0.4546333034607497, -0.26405689312483777, -0.3158335549926216, 0.07596803868020123, -0.32592534441500903, -0.08506579819050702, 0.21339036073874343, -0.024455940295857462, 0.059486089240420946, 0.08252215100536969, -0.1100629909218035, -0.04908303379673849, -0.18918215486390347, 0.248410809552297, 0.16609426960349083, 0.38307423459535295, 0.10854623175903477, 0.11180461306463588, -0.00034099178050052035, 0.02914257435636087, -0.028634426251731137, -0.14081791144033726, 0.17534849064593966, 0.27079558536325665, 0.02316326122011312, 0.21130782359449024, -0.5006461475383152, -0.20208229541101239, 0.044215736622837454, 0.09626139251684601, 0.12165711955590681, -0.16332925931465897, -0.3353652906011451, 0.07264444812793623, -0.029520447840067472, -0.05918088543482802, -0.020004615712572227, -0.10184615048135377, -0.06642353159629485, -0.17665735948195851, 0.03813987073742531, 0.030992853583302348, 0.062252586233344946, -0.07768683225255121, -0.07852594429119067, -0.05662258033725348, 0.06955545539544387, 0.04020516889286228, -0.036132459759458224, 0.28992722847244956, -0.15374975654465908, -0.13352510964667255, 0.3292902616106651, -0.09041432638821954, -0.08122504001737318, 0.11107269496106627, -0.15253878583792935, -0.0015209164131771435, 0.24852384513413364, 0.12533586458726362, 0.17635316337374124, -0.20362224004929885, -0.00693669654534791, 0.05056390129029751, 0.20414458195340227, 0.15534193030219864, 0.041872265240685505, 0.21516488683833318, 0.2285002153366804, -0.05530806158415296, 0.1840336578009142, -0.14406898295168172, 0.05574825842949477, -0.250188967009837, -0.19543368962000718, -0.18922820050608027, 0.0773507776267996, -0.03735221058781132, -0.1669075926596468, 0.41240181276066734, 0.12773895785212516, 0.15938923702236604, -0.06474242859774015, 0.31860910498283124, 0.021385337068634477, 0.07463008022274484, -0.030330993082712997, 0.2747150714847852, 0.17133858086202633, 0.11691497261027424, -0.24138226436705074, 0.08946695113554597, -0.04499622441574254] |
708.1848 | Self-Organization of a 2D Lattice on a Surface of Ge Single Crystal
after Irradiation with Yag: ND Laser | Experimentally observed self-organization of a 2D lattice on the surface of
Ge single crystal after irradiation by pulsed YAG: Nd laser is repoted. The
calculation of time depended distribution of temperature in bulk of the Ge
sample show that overheating of the crystal lattice occurs at laser radiation
intensities exceeding 30MW/cm2.The two temperature gradients are exists.
| cond-mat.mtrl-sci | experimentally observed selforganization of a 2d lattice on the surface of ge single crystal after irradiation by pulsed yag nd laser is repoted the calculation of time depended distribution of temperature in bulk of the ge sample show that overheating of the crystal lattice occurs at laser radiation intensities exceeding 30mwcm2the two temperature gradients are exists | [['experimentally', 'observed', 'selforganization', 'of', 'a', '2d', 'lattice', 'on', 'the', 'surface', 'of', 'ge', 'single', 'crystal', 'after', 'irradiation', 'by', 'pulsed', 'yag', 'nd', 'laser', 'is', 'repoted', 'the', 'calculation', 'of', 'time', 'depended', 'distribution', 'of', 'temperature', 'in', 'bulk', 'of', 'the', 'ge', 'sample', 'show', 'that', 'overheating', 'of', 'the', 'crystal', 'lattice', 'occurs', 'at', 'laser', 'radiation', 'intensities', 'exceeding', '30mwcm2the', 'two', 'temperature', 'gradients', 'are', 'exists']] | [-0.11438979503388207, 0.312616692200579, -0.03268719306733045, -0.06505847197776246, 0.06816499540582299, -0.12354535279209139, 0.06013518543827727, 0.487891697290319, -0.2358230550394014, -0.3032827740880074, -0.004077222536714679, -0.3093699551773844, -0.0072638622562711435, 0.22878138933123815, 0.06365995779978456, 0.03170990643815862, -0.032776663424792116, -0.030467399292522006, -0.086019216680951, -0.21232989057898521, 0.2651835385089119, 0.061647872199062946, 0.3602968108046938, 0.0745042457624718, 0.10135253077303921, -0.0030129284563439863, 0.10225730672202728, -0.01734270853921771, -0.1614833269361245, -0.007709386146247939, 0.1735354642280274, -0.016259389817369758, 0.2126258372122215, -0.46248242064070333, -0.28133820631989725, 0.014104794081369484, 0.0759042123315373, 0.12424319230949213, -0.12076732812285493, -0.15429604591594803, 0.06679189165502235, -0.030297467709277517, -0.15017464438763758, 0.016261856942610058, 0.003055495830873648, 0.03847455343714467, -0.23263900257491818, 0.07246782547897762, 0.06840346998500603, 0.1395143618531249, -0.07942890905326715, -0.10798314649232284, -0.12371710631823926, -0.010741392400598637, -0.013293977089536687, 0.05435248548423664, 0.2380391258565295, -0.09450691420998839, -0.06867789722013252, 0.3739055740405564, -0.08814444482602456, -0.011459135795357052, 0.11830595590570872, -0.2717415442500539, -0.0654636122269073, 0.2752810473967757, 0.11423035825956268, 0.13990710185047378, -0.08191012380713666, 0.08095569422261582, -0.01812559098902124, 0.22960817925976934, 0.16934898311996627, 0.03350593043594725, 0.20608360623871838, 0.2240740182913012, -0.008771131125589212, 0.15354362426808588, -0.15828931984853828, 0.005146149614894831, -0.2545568221076219, -0.14266698823431162, -0.26636543193901024, 0.0805331687701659, -0.10698153050961318, -0.1572948800123952, 0.3416101861469172, 0.09961671236022893, 0.1250586822559988, -0.05005510024191743, 0.21061434961329387, 0.11763668301756736, 0.04101079513956965, -0.01523999689164123, 0.24732219189819363, 0.13318835401528137, 0.06457808597392782, -0.32621089168565554, 0.08212700290001791, 0.006184435328813615] |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.