Split (3)

train · 183k rows

id stringlengths 36 36	question stringlengths 1 1.57k	opa stringlengths 1 287	opb stringlengths 1 287	opc stringlengths 1 286	opd stringlengths 1 301	cop class label 4 classes	choice_type stringclasses 2 values	exp stringlengths 1 22.5k ⌀	subject_name stringclasses 21 values	topic_name stringlengths 3 135 ⌀
1a609bd8-639f-4895-a5f5-80bbb896e2f6	Magistrate inquest not needed in: JIPMER 14	Homicide	Exhumation	Police custody death	Dowry death	0a	single	Ans. Homicide	Forensic Medicine	null
2d3da5b6-6af9-49c5-9439-17fbc983657d	Which of the following disease with bird, ahropod and human chain	Malaria	Japanese encephalitis	Paragonimus	Plague	1b	single	Agent factors :- * Caused by group B arbovirus (flavivirus) * The main reservoirs are Ardeid birds and pigs * Pigs are amplifiers of the virus and they do not manifest ove symptoms but circulates the virus Host factors :- * Most common in the age group of <15 years of age * Man - incidental dead end host * Affects othe...	Social & Preventive Medicine	Communicable diseases
91cfdd64-e451-462f-b6a2-c5b338415892	Potter syndrome is not assoiated with	Bilateral renal agenesis	Bilateral multicystic kidney disease	oligohydromnios	Polyhydromnios	0a	single	Since there is b/l kidney agenesis or cystic disease there is no urine production leading to oligohydromnios	Surgery	null
f1f94f1c-3d9d-4b68-9c3d-b6757a8a4fcd	Increase in pauwel's angle indicate	Good prognosis	Impaction	More chances of displacement	Trabecular alignment displacement	2c	single	Pauwel's classification - depending on angle (Pauwel's angle) formed by the line with the horizontal. More the Pauwell's angle, more unstable is the fracture with poorer prognosis Type I : <30deg Type II : 30-50deg Type III: >50deg(worst prognosis)	Orthopaedics	Lower Limb Traumatology
e08402ae-00b1-4649-872f-dfa4df0f6eb2	A 28 year old female teacher is found to have a prolonged bleeding time and normal platelet count. She had a bleeding of "easy bleeding" with frequent bleeding of the gums, epistaxis, cutaneous bleeding and menorrhagia, further testing revealed a deficiency of Von willebrand factor. Which of the following thrombogenic ...	Adhesion	Aggregation	Formation of fibrinogen bridges	Conformational change with activation of phospholipid surface	0a	single	Disruption of the endothelium exposes subendothelial Von willebrand factor (VWF) and collagen, which promotes platelet adherence and activation. Deficiency of Von willebrand factor (VWF) causes ↓ Platelet adhesion (↑ BT) ↓ Intrinsic pathway activity (↑ aPTT)	Pathology	null
0d4f79ee-cc91-4c9a-902d-020973012371	Ifa Panchayat is dissolved, elections are to be held within?	1 month	3 months	6 months	1 year	2c	single	Ans. is 'c' i.e., 6 months	Social & Preventive Medicine	null
7a9a95de-c499-4203-bee7-fc1f9bf3abd1	Stomach is derived from ?	Foregut	Midgut	Hindgut	Allantois	0a	multi	Foregut	Anatomy	null
053c4aff-1541-4fbd-8f3c-32fa0921e82a	Which of the following is the main enzyme responsible for activation of xenobiotics?	Cytochrome P-450	Glucuronyl transferase	Glutathione S-transferase	NADPH cytochrome P-450-reductase	0a	single	Xenobiotics are compounds which may be accidently ingested or taken as drugs or compounds produced in the body by bacterial metabolism. The cytochrome P-450 enzyme family is involved in the biotransformation reaction of xenobiotics. They are heme containing membrane proteins localized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulu...	Biochemistry	null
fabc62e9-fb0e-472f-b241-0c4bcf67fb58	In Familial hypercholesterolemia there is deficiency of	LDL receptor	Apoprotein A	Apo protein C	Lipoprotein lipase	0a	single	LDL receptors Familial hypercholesterolemia (type IIa) is due to deficiency of functional LDL receptors as a result of different types of mutations.	Biochemistry	null
9e679825-10cc-4de3-8119-2c4bf95f52f0	Botulinum affects all of the following, EXCEPT:	Neuromuscular junction	Preganglionic junction	Post ganglionic nerves	CNS	3d	multi	Diplopia, dysphagia, dysahria, dry mouth, vomiting, thirst, constipation are the clinical features associated with botulinum toxin. Patients experience minimal or no CNS effects and usually there's no significant alteration in their mental status. Ingested, inhaled or formed botulinum toxin travels through the vascular...	Microbiology	null
0ba825fe-e43e-4ae9-80a9-9072015050a5	Which of the following is a poor prognostic factor for childhood ALL.	Total Leukocyte count 4000-100,000	Age < 2 years	Testicular involvement	Blasts in peripheral smear	2c	multi	Answer is C (Testicular involvement) Testicular involvement / enlargement is a typical poor prognostic factor for childhood ALL Age < 2 years versus Testicular Involvement Typically Age < 1 year is considered a poor prognostic factor Although Age < 2 year has been mentioned as a poor prognostic factor in ceain textbook...	Medicine	null
1fb6c54f-550d-4cbc-8589-2d74176aa032	Relining of complete denture is not indicated when	Denture contains broken teeth	There is excessive resorption of the ridge	Vertical dimension is excessively reduced and has to be changed	Centric relation does not coincide with centric occlusion	2c	single	null	Dental	null
eeb3a5e2-a7c2-47da-9432-d862656581e7	Which of the following condition is necessary prerequisite for this change?	Rupture of membranes	Scanty liquor amnii	Adequate liquor amnii	Air inside the uterine cavity	2c	single	Ans. (C). Adequate liquor amniiThe photograph shows maceration, a sign of intrauterine death.Conditions favoring maceration: Intact membranes; adequate liquor amnii & NO air.	Forensic Medicine	Sexual Offenses
db812c4b-e8f1-46dc-9427-762cf351a82e	Savita is 32 weeks pregnant presents in causality and diagnosed as a case of APH. Vitals are unstable with BP 80/60 which of the following is next step in M/n	Careful observation	Blood transfusion	Medical induction of labour	Immediate cesarean section	1b	multi	Ans. is b i.e. Blood transfusion	Gynaecology & Obstetrics	null
02822b49-7e2e-4242-be13-00ea86d52dac	All are true about Cancer breast, except:	Affected sibling is a risk factor	Paget's disease of nipple is intraductal type of CA	Common in aged nulliparous	Increased incidence with prolonged breast feeding	3d	multi	Ans. (d) Increased incidence with prolonged breast feeding* Paget's Disease is a superficial manifest of an underlying Intra ductal carcinoma breast	Surgery	Breast
d1fd564a-489c-4075-9f2d-fe1fcf5a93b3	Which of the following vitamin reduces the risk of insulin resistance, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome?	Vitamin A	Vitamin C	Vitamin D	Vitamin B12	2c	single	Higher Intakes of Vitamin D May Be Beneficial There is evidence that Vitamin D intake considerably higher than that required to maintain calcium homeostasis reduce the risk of insulin resistance, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome, as well as various cancers. There is growing evidence that higher vitamin D status is p...	Biochemistry	vitamins
0e24270a-7b1e-4f2c-b71c-0de8a0f931c8	The following drugs have significant drug interactions with digoxin except:	Cholestyramine	Thiazide diuretics	Quinidine	Amlodipine	3d	multi	Ref:KDT 6/e p499 Cholestyramine inhibits itestinal absorption of digoxin. Thiazides result in hypokalemia and thus make precipitate digitalis toxicity by pharmacodynamic interaction. Quinidine and verampil reduces the exceion of digoxin and does make precipitate toxicity (pharmacokinetic interaction)	Pharmacology	Cardiovascular system
e718f928-325c-4060-9148-a827bc5e985b	Antiboiotic Prophylaxis for infective endocarditis is indicated in:	Isolated secundum ASD	Mitral valve prolapse without regurgitation	Prior coronary aery bypass graft	Coarctation of aoa	3d	single	Answer is D (Coarctation of Aoa) Coarctation of Aoa is a high risk cardiac lesion fior the development of infective endocarditis and an indication fir antibiotic prophyloxis.	Medicine	null
baae18da-a29b-47f6-b733-828463dcb084	Adder Head" appearance is found in:	X-ray	USG	IVP	CT	2c	single	VP	Radiology	null
0745edd3-4f4f-4971-97c5-89e0880be160	Ortolani's test is done for	Congenial dislocation of the knee joints	Congenital dislocation of the hip joints	Congenital dislocation of the shoulder joints	Congenital dislocation of the elbow joints	1b	single	B. i.e. (Congenital dislocation of hip joints) (410 - Apley 8th)Important TestsOrtolani's and Barlow's test Galeazzi test (604 CDT 4th)Congenital dislocation of hip joints Apprehension testRecurrent dislocation of shoulder joints* Bryant's Call ways Hamilton ruler testHamilton ruler testAnterior dislocation of shou...	Orthopaedics	Congenital Dislocation of Hip (C.D.H.)
6e0a9179-1648-4b92-ae0a-fd8970b75146	A 50 year old female patient complains of difficulty in swallowing. Patient gives h/o multiple diagnostic CT-scans of the head and neck region. This patient may be predominantly susceptible to which of the following?	Medullary thyroid carcinoma	Follicular thyroid carcinoma	Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma	Papillary thyroid carcinoma	3d	multi	The incidence of thyroid carcinomas, predominantly papillary thyroid carcinomas, increases in humans after radiation exposure. There is strong dependence on age at exposure—susceptibility to radiation-induced thyroid cancer is higher in children than adults. There is little evidence for a dose response for individuals ...	Radiology	null
b72ab647-ae5f-45cf-99fa-a2cf138ae036	Secondary retention for a removable partial denture is provided by	The indirect retainer	The direct retainer	Intimate contact between the denture bases and the underlying tissues	Direct and indirect retainers	2c	single	null	Dental	null
3dcd635a-5f00-4e07-962c-4feafc753682	Which of the following may be seen in second degree Hea block (select three options):	Change in QRS complex morphology	Atrial rate more than ventricular rate	Prolonged conduction time	All of the above	3d	multi	Answer is A, B, and C Second degree AV block (Type I and /or Type II) may be associated with prolonged conduction time (prolonged PR interval), Atrial rate more than ventricular rate and change in QRS complex morphology (Tipe II). Name Rhythm Rate (beats/minute) P waves (lead II) PR Interval QRS complex First-degree at...	Medicine	null
31868f6c-233a-40ee-880e-9c668509a8b1	An ill 16 days old baby girl is brought to the emergency. On examination pallor and dyspnoea present with a respiratory rate of 85 per minute. Her HR is 200 bpm, hea sounds are distant and a gallop is heard. X-ray showed cardiomegaly. An echocardiogram shows dilated ventricles and dilation of the left atrium. An ECG sh...	CHF	Glycogen storage disease	Pericarditis	Aberrant left coronary aery arising from pulmonary aery	0a	multi	In CHF pallor, dyspnoea, tachypnoea, tachycardia and cardiomegaly are common regardless of the cause.The most common causes of CHF in children include myocarditis caused by adenovirus and coxsackievirus B.The echocardiogram shows ventricular and left atrial dilatation as well as poor ventricular function. With glycogen...	Pediatrics	Impoant Viral Diseases in Children
8265f7d0-1476-40a3-bdf9-b42bc2f25dc2	Egg shell calcification is seen in all except –	Sarcoidosis	Silicosis	Post irradiation lymphoma	Bronchogenic CA	3d	multi	null	Radiology	null
4e296c2e-150a-4123-bc01-b56e4e0d89af	In inversion of the foot, the sole will face:	Upwards	Downwards	Laterally	Medially	3d	multi	Ans: d (Medially) Ref: BDC, Vol. II, 4th ed, p. 155; Kieth L. Moore, 4th ed, p. 638Inversion is the movement in which the medial border of the foot is elevated, so that the sole faces medially.Eversion is the movement in which the lateral border of the foot is elevated. So that the sole faces laterally.Joints of the fo...	Anatomy	Foot
7b859b05-5bd6-4dc0-828f-d5ff4da65f24	Where does the "knot" is put in the neck during judicial hanging?	The back of the neck	Under angle of jaw	Below the chin	Choice of hangman	1b	single	In judicial hanging, a rope to allow a drop of five to seven metres according to the weight, build and age of the person, is looped round the neck, with the knot under the angle of the jaw. This causes fracture-dislocation usually at the level of the second and third, or third and fouh cervical veebrae. Ref: The essent...	Forensic Medicine	null
7025db05-412a-4479-89f3-fecc9ec7b174	Seal finger and whale finger are associated with -	Listeria	Erysipelothrix	Corynebacterium	Treponema	1b	single	Ans. is 'b' i.e., Erysipelothrix	Microbiology	null
22e6e599-7193-4569-be03-a7a0a006faec	Which of the following muscle acts as unlocker of knee?	Gracilis	Popliteus	Saorius	Biceps femoris	1b	single	Popliteus rotates the tibia medially on the femur or, when the tibia is fixed, rotates the femur laterally on the tibia. At the beginning of flexion of the fully extended knee, lateral femoral rotation by popliteus muscle unlocks the joint.Must know:Locking of knee joint is due to the the action of quadriceps femoris, ...	Anatomy	null
7a9e4db6-6173-4fc2-8d5f-daf8061734a3	A 60 yr old chronic smoker presents with painless gross hematuria of 1 day duration. Which is the investigation of choice to know the cause of hematuria?	USG	X-ray KUB	Urine routine	Urine microscopy for malignant cytology cells	3d	single	A chronic smoker with painless gross hematuria should be suspected as having bladder cancer. The most common form of bladder cancer is transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). Tobacco use, followed by occupational exposure to various carcinogenic materials such as automobile exhaust or industrial solvents are the most freque...	Surgery	null
a3e2c40f-e525-4ee7-9740-5198788b345f	The most sensitive method for detecting cervical Chlamydia trachomatis infection is:	Direct fluorescent antibody test	Enzyme immunoassay	Polymerase chain reaction	Culture on irradiated McConkey cells	2c	single	Ans. is 'c' i.e., Polymerase chain reactionRef: Harrison, 17th/e, p. 1074,19th/e, p. 1165 and Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 415Amplification assays such as ligase chain reaction and polymerase chain reaction are the most sensitive chlamydial diagnostic method.Other methods are:(a) Cell culture: Sensitivity (60-80%).(b) Dir...	Microbiology	Bacteria
5256f96e-c7f4-4440-a781-fc2bd24471cd	A labourer involved with repair-work of sewers was admitted with fever, jaundice and renal failure. The most appropriate test to diagnose the infection in this patient is -	Weil Felix test	Paul Bunnell test	Microscopic agglutination test	Microimmunofluorescence test	2c	single	null	Microbiology	null
6e42770a-97fb-4a08-8c0d-1dd4126cfb63	Congestive hea failure in an infant is characterized by all except	Pedal edema	Tachypnea	Sweating	Poor weight gain	0a	multi	Congestive Cardiac Failure in InfantsSymptomsSignsuFeeding difficultyuTakes less volume per feeduDiaphoretic while suckinguForehead sweating.uSuck-rest-suck cycle.uPoor weight gainuPeriorbital edema uClothes no longer fituIncreasing cloth sizeuRapid breathing/nasal flaring/cyanosis/chest retractions.uTachycardia.uHepat...	Anatomy	All India exam
fa2a40f5-7d07-473b-9175-f891e8923e19	Congenital hydrocele is best treated by	Eversion of sac	Excision of sac	Lord's procedure	Herniotomy	3d	single	Congenital hydrocele is best treated with herniotomy if they do not resolve spontaneously. Established acquired hydrocele often have thick walls. They are treated by subtotal excision of the sac. If the sac is small, thin walled and contains clear fluid, Lord's operation is done. Jaboulay's operation where the sac is e...	Surgery	Urology
90d792a9-7a4b-460c-b069-b9aa6a2d7823	Rate limiting step in cholesterol synthesis is catalysed by which of the following enzyme?	HMG CoA synthetase	HMG CoA reductase	Thiokinase	Mevalonate kinase	1b	multi	Conversion of HMG CoA to mevalonate by HMG CoA reductase is the rate limiting step in the synthesis of cholesterol. Cholesterol is an allosteric inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase Statin drugs acts as competitive inhibitors with mevalonate for binding to HMG CoA reductase. Insulin ors the active form of HMG CoA reductase a...	Biochemistry	null
63de4ee4-9b7b-4312-aad2-45f5aa3cac7b	Vaccine administered by following route is	Typhoral live	H1n1 killed	H1n1 live	Yellow fever live	2c	single	Hlnl live (Intranasal route)	Social & Preventive Medicine	Influenza
1ce23a0f-15cf-429f-a350-a4050d1d43f6	A 40-year old diabetic patient presents with proptosis of one eye and black eschar over palate. The likely organism is :	Pseudomonas	Candida	E. coli	Mucor	3d	single	null	Medicine	null
53ae491c-15c1-4c77-8dcb-fba7d3f5dd29	Coloured urine is not seen in :	Quinine	Rifampcin	Nitrofurantoin	Pyridium	0a	single	Answer is A (Quinine) Quinine is not associated with discoloured urine.	Medicine	null
eccfcb56-f984-4dc4-bcd2-db1dfa7a96cc	Investigations in a clinically suspected case of tuberculosis -	Mantoux (in children)	Sputum AFB	Bactec	All of the above	3d	multi	null	Medicine	null
fec423fb-be98-40a8-a9f3-477f6e7555f4	Schizophrenia is treated by	Anti depressants	Anti psychotics	Anti epileptics	Mood stabilizers	1b	single	Ans. is 'b' i.e., Anti psychotics	Pharmacology	null
bdf6c4e6-9034-4e26-9b63-674a147b16c3	Fries test is used in the diagnosis of:	Gonorrhoea	Herpes	Chanchroid	Granuloma venereum	3d	single	Granuloma venereum	Microbiology	null
e151e45d-2260-4b55-a9b1-564232e2982e	A 45-year-old woman complains of severe headaches and difficulty in swallowing. Over the past 6 months, she has noticed small, red lesions around her mouth as well as thickening of her skin. The patient has "stone facies" on physical examination. Which of the following antigens is the most common and most specific targ...	C-ANCA (anti-proteinase-3)	Double-stranded DNA	P-ANCA (anti-myeloperoxidase)	Scl-70 (anti-topoisomerase I)	3d	multi	Scleroderma (refer to the image below) Autoimmune disease of connective tissue. Antinuclear antibodies are common but are usually present in a lower titer than in patients with SLE. Antibodies viually specific for scleroderma include:- Nucleolar autoantibodies (primarily against RNA polymerase) Antibodies to Scl-70, a ...	Pathology	Immunity disorders
23b2d44a-f5e5-47b8-9004-ddd6e0c183d8	Grave's ophthalmopathy mostly presents as September 2010	Proptosis	Ptosis	Reduced intraocular tension	Increased power of convergence	0a	single	Ans. A: Proptosis Graves' ophthalmopathy (also known as thyroid eye disease (TED), dysthyroid/thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO), Graves' orbitopathy) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder affecting the orbit around the eye, characterized by upper eyelid retraction, swelling (edema), redness (erythema), conjunctivit...	Ophthalmology	null
6a48770d-2b73-46ee-a45f-151619ca08ad	Earliest lesion seen in atherosclerosis is:	Fatty streaks	Intimal thickening	Fibrinoid necrosis	Plaque	0a	single	Ans: A (Fatty streaks) Ref: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 8th edition.Explanation:Fatty streaks are the earliest lesions in atherosclerosis " Ref: RobbinsMorphology of AtherosclerosisFatty StreaksThese are the earliest lesions in atherosclerosis.They are composed of lipid-filled foamy macrophages.Beginning as mu...	Pathology	Atherosclerosis and Arteriosclerosis
fce5a305-66f4-4bcf-9ef7-30f40f13724d	Flipped LDH indicating Myocardial Infarction is represented by:	LDH-1> LDH-2	LDH-2 > LDH-1	LDH-4 > LDH-5	LDH-5 > LDH-4	0a	single	When LDH-1 is greater than LDH-2, it is referred to as flipped LDH and is indicative of MI. LDH-1 isoenzyme is found primarily in hea muscle and is lesser in concentration than the LDH-2 Isoenzyme which is primarily found in RBC. When the concentration of LDH-1 is observed to be greater than LDH2. It is referred to as ...	Medicine	C.V.S
97ae6d3d-e7f8-4c18-9093-50932f99240b	Dimension stability of hydrocollids may be achieved by	optimizing w:p	using cold water	prolonged manipulation	using humidor	3d	single	null	Dental	null
ffc37c4f-6c0f-4cb2-8cf2-abd2349316d0	Blood supply of stomach is/are:	Left gastric aery	Sho gastric aery	Lt gastroepiploic aery	All	3d	multi	A. i.e. Left gastric aery; B. i.e. Sho gastric aery; C. i.e. Left gastroepiploic aery	Anatomy	null
39115fee-b58b-4020-ae8f-9a2653811340	Which of the following ultrasound finding has the highest association with aneuploidy?	Choroid plexus cyst	Nuchal translucency	Cystic hygroma	Single umbilical aery	2c	single	All the above mentioned are ultrasound findings associated with increased risk of aneuploidy although the highest association is seen with cystic hygroma Nuchal translucency and cystic hygroma are both measured in the first trimesterTrisomy 21 is the most common aneuploidy associated with increased NT and cystic hygrom...	Microbiology	All India exam
a90571f1-9a01-4477-ab8a-5613d6dd48f9	Which of the following is not a component of transpo system?	Receptor activation	Selective gate	Non-selective channel	Energy coupling system	0a	single	Functions: Transpo Systems An essential role of biomembranes is to allow movement of all compounds necessary for the normal function of a cell across the membrane barrier. These compounds include a vast array of substances like sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, steroids, cations and anions to mention a few. These compo...	Biochemistry	Respiratory chain
963aee66-8c6e-46da-ae29-8b9d67cdad80	Burst supression pattern on EEG is typically seen in:	Anoxic encephalopathy	Absence seizures	SSPE	Herpes simplex encephalitis	0a	multi	Ref: Ref: Harrisons 18/e p e-45 chapter As the depth of coma increases, the EEG becomes nonreactive and may show a burst-suppression pattern, with bursts of mixed-frequency activity separated by intervals of relative cerebral inactivity. In other instances there is a reduction in amplitude of the EEG until eventually ...	Unknown	null
9f2fbb1d-f367-43da-9dd8-8571d1fafb84	To feel comfoable and cool in a factory the conrrected effective temperature ( in degree Farenheit) should be -	Less tha 69	Between 69 and 76	Between 77 and 80	Between 81 and 82	1b	single	Comfo zones: In deg C of corrected effective temperature Pleasant and cool 20 Comfoable and cool 20-25 (69-76F) Comfoable 25- 27 (77-80F) Hot and uncomfoable 27-28 Extremely hot 28+ Intolerably hot 30+. Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th Edition, Pg 792	Social & Preventive Medicine	Environment and health
fb2e4621-c209-4746-9c52-e8679882f93b	Test used for factor VIII deficiency identification is-	PT	APTT	D dimer	FDP	1b	single	Ans. is 'b' i.e., APTT o Factor VIII is a part of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. The test used to identity1 the defects in the intrinsic and common pathways of coagulation is PTT. Thus prolonged PTT is a feature of patient with factor VIII deficiency.o Patients with hemophilia have deficiency of factor VIII that...	Pathology	Bleeding Disorders
090f4f67-eab2-4ffc-a9d0-d03da739bf9f	A 19 year old female presents with pain in the neck for 5 days. She is not able to wear tie for her job because of neck pain. H/O fatigue and lethargy for 10 days. She had flu like symptoms 20 days ago which resolved spontaneously. BP 110/80 mmHg, Pulse 48/min. Extremities are cold and dry. Neck is very tender. ECG nor...	Atropine injection	Levothyroxine administration	Aspirin	Increase iodine intake in food	2c	multi	Answer: c) Aspirin (SCHWARTZ 19TH ED, P-1525; SABISTON 19TH ED, P-895)Granulomatous or Subacute or De Quervain's thyroiditisMost commonly occurs in 30- 40 year-old womenStrong association with the HLA-B35Fever with Sudden or gradual onset of neck painH/o preceding URI; Viral etiologyGland - enlarged, tender, firmClassi...	Surgery	Thyroid Gland
b37eb019-4f8c-4131-8ff9-c2413a5b227e	Headache, apathy and deteriorating level of consciousness occurring weeks after head injury suggests;	Chronic subdral haematoma.	Pontine hemorrhage	Continuing cerebral.	Depressed skull fracture.	0a	single	Chronic subdral haematoma	Surgery	null
ee83bd7f-cd04-446e-b0a5-da98e920bc7c	A 27-year female wearing high heels stumbled and sustained inversion injury at ankle. Which ligament is most likely to be injured in the given case?	A	B	C	D	0a	single	Ans. A. (A)A. Anterior Talofibular ligamentAnkle sprains: Usually caused by the falls from height or twists of ankle. When the plantar-flexed foot is excessively inverted, the anterior and posterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments are stretched and torn. The anterior talofibular ligament is most commonly torn...	Anatomy	Lower Extremity
be77f10a-1e08-4ccb-9d32-23f49a68712d	Asymmetric tonic neck reflex (ATNR) disappears at ______	6 months	5 months	9 months	8 months	0a	single	Asymmetric tonic reflex (ATNR) diappears by 6-7 months postnatally The tonic neck reflex is produced by manually rotating the infant&;s head to 1 side and observing for the characteristic fencing posture (extension of the arm on the side to which the face is rotated and flexion of the conralateral arm) An obligatory to...	Pediatrics	New born infants
b1bc5067-e456-4968-b690-6d49ec25e155	Ligament teres is a remnant of ?	Ductus aeriosus	Umbilical aery	Umbilical vein	Ductus venosus	2c	single	Umbilical vein	Anatomy	null
0f810d3c-d7f0-4783-b806-e554b894b843	Sho structured primi gravida has height less then	140 cm	145 cm	150 cm	135 cm	0a	single	140 cm	Gynaecology & Obstetrics	null
1081d0b1-9e05-4d2a-8c52-1668deea11ac	Which of the following is the most specific and sensitive screening test for renovascular hypeension?	HRCT	CT Angiography	Captopril enhanced radionucleotide scan	Doppler ultrasound of renal aeries	1b	single	Hypeension due to an occlusive lesion of a renal aery is renovascular hypeensionIn the initial stages, the mechanism of hypeension generally is related to activation of the renin-angiotensin system. Obstruction of the renal aery leads to decreased renal perfusion pressure, thereby stimulating renin secretion. Over time...	Medicine	All India exam
00ff4465-6c03-4e07-8986-8f169563b6fc	Role of egg lecithin in propofol formulation is?	Acts as emulsifying agent	Acts as preservative	Acts as carrier vehicle	Acts as antibacterial	0a	single	Propofol is an insoluble drug that requires a lipid vehicle for emulsification. Current formulations of propofol use a soybean oil as the oil phase and egg lecithin as the emulsifying agent.	Anaesthesia	Intravenous Anesthetic Agents
97680640-ea40-4384-bdfb-b6ae47417707	A 63 year old man presents with a triad of angina, syncope and congestive hea failure. Which of the following valvular hea lesion can be suspected-	antral stenosis	Tricuspid regurgitation	Aoic stenosis	Aoic regurgitation	2c	single	Even severe AS may exist for many years without producing any symptoms because of the ability of the hyperophied LV to generate the elevated intraventricular pressures required to maintain a normal stroke volume. Most patients with pure or predominant AS have gradually increasing obstruction over years, but do not beco...	Medicine	C.V.S
0ba7be74-d02c-464a-beab-eb016eab8ec3	Generalised thickening of cortical and cancellous bones is seen in	Osteopetrosis	Pagets disease	Osteogenesis imperfecta	Infantile hyperostosis	3d	single	null	Pathology	null
e4d314d7-fe07-4bd3-ab11-21901e00f699	An athelete presented with red coloured urine after 2 days of history of severe exeion. The most probable cause is?	Hemoglobinuria	Hemosiderinuria	Hematuria	Myoglobinuria	3d	single	Myoglobinuria REF: Harrison's Internal Medicine 17th edition chapter 382, Physiology and pathology of the urine by john dixon p. 49 Red color urine may be due to hemoglobin or myoglobin. In the question clue is given that patient is an athlete who competed in an event which lead to sternous exercise and hence increased...	Surgery	null
b358361d-b258-43e3-8919-436d1a86eefc	High false positive cases in a community signify that disease has -	High prevalence & Low incidence	High incidence & Low prevalence	Low prevalence & Low incidence	High incidence & High prevalence	1b	multi	null	Social & Preventive Medicine	null
a0f71cba-c03d-4edd-859b-c5c33ada55af	Which of the following is released from hypothalamus?	Orexin	Cortisol releasing hormone	Neuropeptide	Ghrelin	1b	single	There are 6 established hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones : Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), Growth hormone releasing hormone (GRH), Growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GIH), Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) and Prolactin inhibiting hormone(PIH).	Physiology	null
b9596ff7-85da-4b76-992a-3d853eb04bfd	Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Mediated by:	Flocculonodular Lobe	Vermal portion of Spinocerebel 1 um	Neocerebellum	Paravermal region of Spinocerebellum	0a	single	Ans:A (Flocculonodular Lobe) Ref: Pal GK. Cerbellurn. In: Textbook of Medical Physiology. Ahuja Publishing House. 2007: 116: 871.Explanation:Functional Division of CerebellumVestibulo cerebellum/Arch-cerebellum (Flocculonodular lobe)Connections with vestibular apparatusConcerned with equilibrium and learning induced ch...	Physiology	Cerebellum and Brainstem
c05388eb-3222-4392-9709-dbb418dd27f8	Which statement best describes the cranial fossa?	The middle cranial fossa contains the cribriform plate.	The anterior cranial fossa contains the pituitary gland.	The middle cranial fossa is floored by the sphenoid and temporal bones.	The internal acoustic meatus lies in the middle cranial fossa.	2c	multi	The floor of the middle cranial fossa is made up of the body and greater wing of the sphenoid as well as the squamous temporal bone. The cribriform plate forms pa of the floor of the anterior cranial fossa The middle cranial fossa contains the pituitary gland. The internal acoustic meatus lies in the posterior cranial ...	Anatomy	Cranial cavity
5709cea6-ffc2-4d49-b423-28d815cec8da	Which of the following vitamin enhances intestinal absorption of calcium?	Vitamin D	Vitamin K	Vitamin B1	Vitamin B2	0a	single	Vitamin Functions Deficiency Disease D Maintenance of calcium balance Enhances intestinal absorption of Ca2+ and mobilizes bone mineral Regulation of gene expression and cell differentiation Rickets = poor mineralization of bone Osteomalacia = bone demineralization Reference: Harper; 30th edition; Page no: 550	Biochemistry	vitamins
168e4c3a-95f4-42fe-9a7b-6e3bff6fd7b2	Which of these is the most impoant indication for Strassmans Metroplasty done for a bicornuate uterus?	Infeility	Menorrhagia	Repeated early pregnancy losses	Associated vaginal atresia	2c	single	Habitual aboion is the most impoant indication for surgical treatment of women who have a double uterus. The aboion rate in women who have a double uterus is to three times greater than that of the general population. Best diagnosis of the condition is made by laparohysteroscopy. Strassmans Metroplasty	Gynaecology & Obstetrics	Mullerian Abnormalities
ad1aeb26-1595-4830-b4bf-1253674644df	A 2-year-old child had burns on buttocks, both legs, face, neck and singeing of hair. Total surface area burnt: JIPMER 14	27%	37%	45%	55%	1b	multi	Ans. 37%	Forensic Medicine	null
81d4b17e-e48f-43dc-82ee-034548e32fd2	Which test helps to differentiate between concomitant squint and paralytic squint	Cover - uncover test	Alternate covertest	Direct cover test	None of the above	1b	multi	This procedure causes breakdown of binocular fusion mechanism thus helpful to differentiate.	Ophthalmology	null
bf4e6c71-9fa8-4d6b-b5ed-20bb873383f1	Best disinfectant of cholera stool is-	Bleaching powder	Cresol	Phenol	Lime	1b	single	Cresol is an excellent coal-tar disinfectant. It is 3 to 10 times as powerful as phenol, yet no more toxic. Cresol is best used in 5 to 20 percent strength for disinfection of farces and urine. Cresol is an all-purpose general disinfectant. (refer pgno :128 park 23 rd edition)	Social & Preventive Medicine	Epidemiology
fee1883d-f49b-43d6-99bc-07aabf7f2f9b	Black eye is a type of -	Patterend abrasion	Ectopic abrasion	Ectopic bruise	Friction abrasion	2c	single	The synopsis of forensic medicine & toxicology ; Dr k.s.narayan reddy ; 28th edition ; Pg .no . 107 Black eye is the most common example for ectopic bruising or percolated contusion .	Forensic Medicine	Mechanical injuries
edf8a6fd-63af-4c0e-8013-e3ba366dcec7	In a patient with a type of familial dyslipidemias he presented with palmar Xanthomas and he ias at increased risk of atherosclerosis and CAD.In Lipid profile there was elevation of triacylglycerols and cholesterol.And the IDL and chylomicrons were elevated.What is the pathophysiology of the condition?	LDL deficiency	VLDL overproduction	Apo C-2 deficiency	Apo E deficiency	3d	single	Reference: Harpers illustrated biochemistry 30th edition page 275	Biochemistry	Metabolism of lipid
1ab02ba4-f579-4542-b16f-a0df6a4f05c9	Endolymphatic duct drains into :	Subdural space	External space	Subarachnoid space	Succulus	0a	single	Ans:A.)Subdural Perilymph drains into subarachnoid space through the aqueduct of cochlea... Endolymph is absorbed in subdural space.	Anatomy	null
ecbe331f-316c-4739-b032-121e412c8e02	Usually associated with parvovirus B19 infection in those with hereditary spherocytosis-	Mild to moderate splenomegaly	Aplastic crisis	Gallstones	Hemolytic crisis	1b	multi	Ans. is 'b' i.e., Aplastic crisis o Parvovirus B19 selectively infects erythroidprecursors and is the most common aetiological agent that induces aplastic crisis in patients with hereditary spherocytosis (and other Hemolytic disorders).Transient aplastic crisiso Persons with decreased erythrocytes caused by conditions ...	Medicine	Immunology and Rheumatology
eb7ac4a5-646e-48cd-ab30-430f8643bb30	Carcinoma of the prostate arise from -	Central zone	Peripheral zone	Transitional zone	Periurethral zone	1b	single	null	Surgery	null
62f6d5bb-6085-4328-97a0-3e3776f9ae78	A patient with cushinoid features presents with hemoptysis; he shows no response to dexamethasone suppression test; most likely diagnosis here is:	Adrenal hyperplasia	Adrenal adenoma	Ca lung with ectopic ACTH production	Pituitary microadenoma	2c	single	Answer is C (Ca lung with ectopic ACTH production); Lack of suppression to dexamethasone challenge (ACTH producing tumor) and presence of hemoptysis (Carcinoma lung) in a patient with Cushinoid features suggests a diagnosis of Carcinoma lung with ectopic ACTH secretion. As a method of diagnostic workup of any patient w...	Medicine	null
b72c9d20-5b2a-4353-ab60-fa1a899fde6b	Symptomatic treatment is not required in withdrawal of:	Cannabis	Morphine	Alcohol	Cocaine	0a	single	Since cannabis causes very mild withdrawal symptoms hence, no symptomatic treatment is required. LSD and other hallucinations also do not cause any withdrawal symptoms .	Psychiatry	Substance Related and Addictive Disorders
e7127a67-7144-4e6f-9cdc-28dd805000dd	Following death of a person, what happens to potassium level in the vitreous.	Potassium level falls	Potassium level increases	Remains unchanged	It depends on cause of death	1b	multi	Potassium concentration raises at the rate of 0.17-0.25 mmol per hour following death. It helps in determination of time since death.	Forensic Medicine	null
3ec267ef-dc91-4a47-81de-070ce0bf7213	Under transplantation of humans organs act, the punishment for the doctor involved is	< 1 year	< 2 years	2-5 years	> 5 years	2c	single	The Transplantation of Human Organs Act 1994, amended in 2011, and 2012 Chapter VI and VII deals with the trial and punishment of offences under this act. Under this act, doctors involved will be punished for a period of 2-5yrs. Ref: FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY Dr. PC IGNATIUS PAGE NO: 389	Forensic Medicine	Medical Jurisprudence
37de6d96-2eee-4132-8db9-89e72edab01b	Staphylococcus aureus does not cause which of the following skin infection:	Ecthyma gangrenosum	Bullous impetigo	Botryomycosis	Cellulitis	0a	single	Ans. is. a. Ecthyma gangrenosum	Microbiology	null
2aa8f835-c0c4-4f2e-895f-4630adf47221	A young lady with symptoms of hypehyroidism with elevated T4 and TSH levels. On examination, patient was not experiencing Tachycardia or excessive sweating.Fuher examination reveals bitemporal hemianopia. Next step of management	Sta beta blockers immediately	Conservative management sufficient	Sta antithyroid drugs and wait for symptoms to resolve.	Sta antithyroid drugs and do urgent MRI	3d	multi	Hypehyroidism with elevated levels of T4 and TSH levels and bitemporal hemianopia is highly suggestive of TSH secreting adenoma. Urgent MRI should be done to confirm the diagnosis of TSH secreting pituitary adenoma along with antithyroid drugs. Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary tumors (TSH-omas) are a rare cause of hypeh...	Surgery	Thyroid
688c3768-9fb8-4541-b844-f89b7c2c6af5	Statuary rape is -	Less than 15 years	Less than 16 years	Less than 18 years	Less than 20 years	2c	single	Ref:Textbook of Forensic medicine and toxicology (V.V.Pillay) 17th edition, page no.388 Minimum age at which female can give consent for sex by what age is 18 years. As per Sec.375IPC unlawful sexual intercourse by man with a woman with or without her consent when she is under 18 years of age. The criminal law (Amendme...	Forensic Medicine	Sexual offences and infanticide
2a1c313d-df98-47f8-9d5c-bf439f33f228	A patient on amiodarone is diagnosed to have cornea verticillata. What should be management –	Stop the drug	Penetrating keratoplasty	Lamellar keratoplasty	Observation	0a	single	Cornea Verticillata This is a whorl-like opacity in the corneal epithelium seen in patients on long-term treatment with medication such as amiodarone, chloroquine, phenothiazines and indomethacin. It is also seen in patients with Fabry disease and its carrier state. The condition is generally asymptomatic, harmless an...	Ophthalmology	null
a46b9738-93ca-472e-bea5-de525420db24	Most aggressive lung CA:	Squamous cell CA	Adenocarcinoma	Small cell lung CA	Large cell CA	2c	multi	Ans. (c) Small cell lung CARef: Robbings 9th ed./ 717* Small cell carcinoma is a highly malignant tumor with a strong relationship to cigarette smoking.* Around 1% occurs in nonsmokers.* They are the most aggressive of lung tumors, metastasizing widely and are always fatal.	Pathology	Characteristics and Epidemiology of Neoplasia
356ed30d-cba2-4520-97e7-23c04c4067e4	Chemoprophylaxis is indicated for all except-	Typhoid	Meningococcal meningitis	Cholera	Plague	0a	multi	Chemoprophylaxis There is no role of Chemoprophylaxis in Typhoid. For chemoprophylaxis in meningococcal meningitis, Rifampicin, Ciprofloxacin & Ceftriaxone is used. Tetracycline is used in Cholera and Plague.	Social & Preventive Medicine	Intestinal Infections, Worm Infestations
becc6670-95ca-4530-a5ee-afcd3b4ca1b6	In pontaic fever, which antigen is seen in urine?	Lipopolysaccharide-1	Lipopolysaccharide-2	Lipopolysaccharide-4	Lipopolysaccharide-6	0a	single	Ans. is 'a' i.e., Lipopolysaccharide-1 Legionella are classified into serogroup on the basis ofgroup specific lipopolysaccharide (somatic antigen or 'O' antigen). Legionella pneumophila sero-group-1 (LP-1) is the most common infecting organism. Urine test detect LP-1.	Microbiology	null
7903a702-b0c9-42b8-aca5-1642a098ff81	Mediastinal lymph node calcification is seen in which one of the following-	Metastatic neoplasm	Lymphoma	Sarcoidosis	Bronchiectasis	2c	single	Ref:Robbins Basic Pathology (9th Edition),page no.478,479 Sarcoidosis Although sarcoidosis is considered here as an example of a restrictive lung disease, it is impoant to note that sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of unknown etiology characterized by noncaseating granulomas in many tissues and organs. MORPHOLOGY T...	Pathology	Respiratory system
44634f4a-e203-402e-9a56-aec9702a1423	"Candle-wax spots" in the retina are present in	Sarcoidosis	Toxoplasmosis	Syphilis	Tuberculosis	0a	single	(A) Sarcoidosis # OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF SARCOIDOSIS:> Anterior segment: Conjunctival involvement has been reported in patients with ocular sarcoidosis.> Sarcoidosis granulomas are solitary, yellow "millet-seed" nodules.> Anterior uveitis occurs in 22%- 70% of patients with ocular sarcoidosis, and is usually granulom...	Ophthalmology	Miscellaneous
2fa36968-f396-4677-a256-c353757b82b8	The number of doses recommended for oral Ty21a typhoid vaccine is:	14	5	3	1	2c	single	The Ty21a vaccine is licensed for use in individuals > 5 years. A three dose regimen is recommended. Vaccine is administered on alternate days: 0n days 1, 3 and 5. Ref: Park 21st edition, page 215.	Social & Preventive Medicine	null
9587b40f-5950-423e-aaa2-7a05f813f832	The drug used in petit mal seizures and has a narrow spectrum of antiepileptic activity is	Lamotrigine	Ethosuximide	Phenytoin	Primidone	1b	single	Ethosuximide and valproate are the drugs of choice for absence seizures and are more effective than lamotrigineReference: Katzung Pharmacology; 12th edition; Page no: 418	Pharmacology	Central Nervous system
037720db-3d5f-4488-be9b-b12a0cc81c2d	Which test is not useful in a patient with history of Syncopal attack?	Electrophysiological testing	Tilt Table testing	PET Scan	Holter monitoring	2c	single	Answer is C (PET Scan) : PET scan has- not been mentioned as a test to investigate syncope in Harrisons text. It is the single best answer of exclusion. Electrophysiological tests and 24 hour ECG Holter monitoring are indicated in patients where history suggests a cardiac disease. Upright tilt table testing is indicate...	Medicine	null
897b2724-c93d-4e41-965a-d58fbd6c8cde	Magic syndrome is seen in:	Behcet disease	Aphthous major	Herpetiform	Bloom syndrome	0a	single	“MAGIC syndrome” (Mouth and Genital ulcers with Inﬂamed Cartilage) has been proposed to describe patients with clinical features of both relapsing polychondritis and Behcet disease.	Pathology	null
3eb8e753-2c11-4d5a-aee4-da83f114752e	Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis is caused by ?	Enterovirus 70	Adenovirus	Poliovirus	Hepadnavirus	0a	single	Ans. is 'a' i.e., Enterovirus 70 Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) may be caused by adenoviruses, but two enteroviruses, enterovirus 70 and coxsackie A24 variant, are the major causes.	Microbiology	null
f5168131-b12b-4477-8c70-9199583db3ae	In a 24 year old man weight of the upper limb is transmitted to the axial skeleton by:	Coracoacromial ligament	Coracoclavicular ligament	Costoclavicular ligament	Coracohumeral ligament	1b	single	The axial skeleton shapes the longitudinal axis of the human body. Coracoclavicular ligament suspends the scapula from the lower one third of the clavicle and forms a strong bond between them. The weight of the upper limb is transmitted to the axial skeleton through this ligament. A fracture of the clavicle, medial to ...	Anatomy	null
edcaea9c-f584-43db-a696-4422c66034d4	Primary health care was proposed in 1978 at:	Alma ata	New York	Geneva	Delhi	0a	single	Answer: A. Alma ata. (Ref Park's Textbook of PSM 22nd/Pg.832)The new approach to health care came into existence in 1978 following an international conference at Alma Ata (USSR).The Alma-Ata conference defines the primary health care as follows: Primary health care is essential health care made universally accessible t...	Social & Preventive Medicine	Healthcare of the Community & International Health
f5469d2e-345d-44db-89b9-e3f00f74341d	Schizophrenia is treated by:	Anti depressants	Anti psychotics	Anti epileptics	Mood stabilizers	1b	single	null	Pharmacology	null
c55a313a-5fd4-479d-9513-944926fede44	Gene involved in Cowden syndrome is	P53	PTEN	RB	Ras	1b	single	(B) PTENo"Phosphatase and Tensin'' homolog (PTEN) - protein in humans encoded by the PTEN gene. Gene mutations promotes development of cancers.[?]Cowden's disease/Multiple Hamartoma Syndrome:-Part of PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome-An autosomal dominant syndrome-Trichilemmomas - Numerous tumors of hair follicles in face-...	Pathology	Neoplasia
78353090-0d67-40f9-9067-b6ddcfa932cc	Supraventricular crest lies between-	Pulmonary orifice and atrioventricular orifice	Atrioventricular orifice and fossa ovalis	SVC and right atrium	Right an dleft coronary artery	0a	single	Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pulmonary orifice and atrioventricular orifice Interior of right ventricle* It is anteroinferior chamber and projects to the left of right atrium. It is in contact with the sternum.* It is divided into -i) Rough inflowing part (ventricle proper)# It is developed from right half of primitive ventricle....	Anatomy	Thorax

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