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Adhesiveness of beta5 integrin variant lacking FNK767-769 is similar to that of the prototype containing FNKFNK764-769.
|
Little is known about the functions of two different beta5 integrins: repeated-FNK (FNKFNK764-769) and single-FNK (FNK764-766) amino acid sequences in the cytoplasmic domain. We examined whether they occurred as germ line mutations or somatic mutations associated with neoplastic transformation, and whether there were functional alterations. Out of six cultured cell lines, only KATO-III cells had the single-FNK beta5 sequence. The single-FNK beta5 was found in 9 out of 79 patients with colon carcinoma, but no somatic mutations were detected in cancerous tissues. CHO cells were transformed with expression vectors containing single-FNK or repeated-FNK beta5 cDNA, which were derived from KATO-III cells. CHO cells transfected with single-FNK and repeated-FNK showed similar adhesiveness to, and proliferative activity on, vitronectin substrates.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'CHO Cells', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'Genetic Variation', 'Germ-Line Mutation', 'Humans', 'Integrin beta Chains', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Transfection']
| 15,979,906
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.365.590.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408.200'], ['D12.776.543'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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|
Influence of patient costs and requests on emergency physician decisionmaking.
|
STUDY OBJECTIVES: We examine emergency physician knowledge of, attitudes about, and responses to patient cost-sharing in the emergency department (ED).METHODS: A convenience sample of emergency physicians from an integrated delivery system completed a questionnaire including self-report questions about knowledge of and attitudes about cost-sharing and an experimental vignette. The vignette describes a patient with an uncomplicated asthma exacerbation, with a version in which she has a $100 ED visit copayment and a version in which she does not. Subjects responded with their "best judgment" of whether they would order a chest radiograph and their decision after specific patient request. We examined the frequency of responses overall and associated characteristics with chi(2) testing.RESULTS: Of 204 respondents (349 eligible participants [58%]), 203 answered the vignette questions. No respondent reported that ordering a radiograph was clinically appropriate; however, 85% reported that they would order a radiograph if the patient requested it. There were no significant differences in the percentage of physicians ordering the test across the 2 versions. Overall, 77% of respondents reported having limited awareness of an individual patient's cost-sharing level; 67% reported that patient costs sometimes affect their clinical decisions; only 10% estimated changing their decisions in greater than 20% of encounters in which the cost-sharing level was known.CONCLUSION: Emergency physicians are usually not aware of a patient's cost-sharing level and, in instances which they are, report that this knowledge rarely affects their clinical decisions. However, emergency physicians are responsive to patient requests, even when the treatment request differs from their clinical judgment.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'California', 'Cost Sharing', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Decision Making', 'Emergency Medicine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 18,439,723
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['N03.219.151.170', 'N03.219.521.576.090'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['H02.403.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
In vivo neuroprotective effects of peripheral kynurenine on acute neurotoxicity induced by glutamate in rat cerebral cortex.
|
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play a crucial role in Glutamate (L-Glu) neurotoxicity. To evaluate the effects of astrocyte-derived tryptophan metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA), on L-Glu neurotoxicity, adult male rats were pretreated with Kynurenine (KYN) which is a precursor of KYNA, at a dose of 30 mg or 300 mg/kg bw i.p., 2 h before stereotactic L-Glu bolus (1 micromole/1 microl) administration in cerebral cortex. Results showed that acute L-Glu increased reactive oxygen species, rate of lipid peroxidation, calcium, nitric oxide and neuroinflammatory markers viz. TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma levels and decreased key antioxidant parameters such as SOD, catalase, total glutathione and glutathione reductase along with mitochondrial membrane potential. While peripheral loading of 30 mg/kg dose of KYN had no protective effects on L-Glu induced neurotoxicity, 300 mg/kg dose prevented the above toxic effects following intracortical L-Glu. KYN apparently crossed blood brain barrier to elevate astrocytic-KYNA level, which seems to protect neurons through several interactive mechanisms.
|
['Animals', 'Catalase', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Glutathione', 'Glutathione Reductase', 'Kynurenine', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Male', 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Superoxide Dismutase']
| 20,035,383
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['D08.811.682.667.092'], ['D12.125.608'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D27.505.696.706.548', 'D27.505.954.427.575'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D08.811.682.881']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Predictors of depression among refugees from Vietnam: a longitudinal study of new arrivals.
|
The present study examined the impact of prearrival traumatic experiences and sociodemographic characteristics on future depression among Vietnamese and Chinese refugees from Vietnam. This is a longitudinal study of newly arrived refugees from Vietnam undergoing a mandatory health screening. A stratified consecutive sample of ethnic Chinese and ethnic Vietnamese refugees was drawn. The depression subscale of the Indochinese Hopkins symptoms checklist was administered to 114 refugees within the first 6 months after arrival in the United States and 12 to 18 months later. Ethnic Vietnamese reported more prearrival trauma compared with ethnic Chinese. Age was strongly correlated with time 2 depression among ethnic Vietnamese but not among ethnic Chinese. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that being a veteran, older, unattached, less proficient in English, ethnic Vietnamese, and more depressed at baseline predicted higher depression at follow-up. Although prearrival trauma predicted future depression, other sociodemographic characteristics assumed more importance with time.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'China', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Language', 'Life Change Events', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Probability', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Refugees', 'United States', 'Vietnam', 'Warfare']
| 9,040,532
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['F03.600.300'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['F01.829.458.410'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['M01.755'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['Z01.252.145.945'], ['I01.880.735.950.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Translational regulation of rotavirus gene expression.
|
Rotavirus mRNAs are transcribed from 11 genomic dsRNA segments within a subviral particle. The mRNAs are extruded into the cytoplasm where they serve as mRNA for protein synthesis and as templates for packaging and replication into dsRNA. The molecular steps in the replication pathway that regulate the levels of viral gene expression are not well defined. We have investigated potential mechanisms of regulation of rotavirus gene expression by functional evaluation of two differentially expressed viral mRNAs. NSP1 (gene 5) and VP6 (gene 6) are expressed early in infection, and VP6 is expressed in excess over NSP1. We formulated the hypothesis that the amounts of NSP1 and VP6 were regulated by the translational efficiencies of the respective mRNAs. We measured the levels of gene 5 and gene 6 mRNA and showed that they were not significantly different, and protein analysis indicated no difference in stability of NSP1 compared with VP6. Polyribosome analysis showed that the majority of gene 6 mRNA was present on large polysomes. In contrast, sedimentation of more than half of the gene 5 mRNA was subpolysomal. The change in distribution of gene 5 mRNA in polyribosome gradients in response to treatment with low concentrations of cycloheximide suggested that gene 5 is a poor translation initiation template compared with gene 6 mRNA. These data define a regulatory mechanism for the difference in amounts of VP6 and NSP1 and provide evidence for post-transcriptional control of rotavirus gene expression mediated by the translational efficiency of individual viral mRNAs.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Viral', 'Capsid Proteins', 'Cattle', 'Cell Line', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Viral', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polyribosomes', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rotavirus', 'Viral Nonstructural Proteins']
| 12,560,571
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.327'], ['D12.776.964.970.600.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G05.308.385'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811.740'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['G02.111.760', 'G03.839', 'G05.308.700'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B04.820.223.719.790'], ['D12.776.964.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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[Nucleotide substitutions in the rpoB gene leading to rifampicin resistance of E. coli RNA polymerase].
|
Three new rif-r-mutations, obtained independently, were localized in the rpoB gene coding for the beta-subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of E. coli. Two of them led to identical Asp(516)-Asn amino acid substitution with relatively low resistance of corresponding E. coli strains to rifampicin. The third mutation affected the His 526 residue transforming it into Tyr and endowed the E. coli cells with a high resistance against rifampicin.
|
['Base Sequence', 'DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Mutation', 'Rifampin']
| 6,385,989
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.270'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D03.633.400.811.700', 'D04.345.295.750.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Conformational stability of Helicobacter pylori flavodoxin: fit to function at pH 5.
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Flavodoxin is an essential protein for Helicobacter pylori, a pathogen living in the very acidic environment of the gastric tract and responsible for several diseases. We report the conformational stability of the protein in neutral and acidic pH. The apoprotein remains native between pH 12 and 5 and adopts a monomeric molten globule conformation at more acidic pH values. The equilibrium unfolding in urea appears two-state for either conformation, but the native one coexists with a hidden equilibrium intermediate of very similar properties. The stability of H. pylori apoflavodoxin is higher than that of the Anabaena homologue throughout the entire pH interval, which may be related to better charge compensation. H. pylori apoflavodoxin is strongly stabilized by its FMN cofactor. A global analysis of apo- and holoflavodoxin equilibrium unfolding, with and without excess FMN, indicates that the cofactor only binds to the native state. Some physical-chemical properties of the protein may represent an adaptation to the acidic environment. Unlike the apoflavodoxin from Anabaena, which becomes highly insoluble at pH 5.0, that from H. pylori remains soluble to at least 40 microm. This fact, together with the high stability of the apoprotein at this low pH that can arise in the bacteria cytoplasm, seems useful to allow newly synthesized apoflavodoxin molecules to fold and remain soluble to accomplish cofactor binding, which in turn increases the stability. Also, whenever the cytoplasmic pH drops to 5, preexisting flavodoxin molecules will remain folded and soluble and will retain the FMN cofactor, thus remaining functional.
|
['Apoproteins', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Drug Stability', 'Flavodoxin', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Histidine', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Folding', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Solubility', 'Spectrum Analysis', 'Thermodynamics']
| 17,998,211
|
[['D12.776.070'], ['D12.776.097'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['E05.916.330'], ['D12.776.097.400', 'D12.776.331.400'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['D12.125.072.329', 'D12.125.142.308'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.805'], ['E05.196.867'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mitochondrial DNA levels in fat and blood cells from patients with lipodystrophy or peripheral neuropathy and the effect of 90 days of high-dose coenzyme Q treatment: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study.
|
BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial toxicity can be induced by reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, and an association between levels of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) per cell and lipodystrophy, peripheral neuropathy, and HIV infection per se has been suggested. Studies aimed at increasing the oxidative capacity in HIV-infected patients have been sparse.METHODS: Levels of mtDNA in fat and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 25 HIV infected patients and 10 healthy control subjects were studied with real-time PCR analysis. A placebo-controlled and double-blind design was used to assign individuals to receive either 100 mg of coenzyme Q twice daily for 3 months or a matching placebo regimen. Levels of mtDNA and other parameters were assessed before and after the intervention period.RESULTS: The mean number of mtDNA copies per cell was lower in fat tissue obtained from patients with peripheral neuropathy (1547 mtDNA copies/cell; P=.045), patients with lipodystrophy (1732 mtDNA copies/cell; P=.003) and in HIV patients with no complications associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (2935 mtDNA copies/cell; P=.078), compared with healthy control subjects (6198 mtDNA copies/cell). No clear difference was seen in mtDNA content in PBMCs. Coenzyme Q therapy improved the general condition of patients (P=.005) and caused a reversible increase in peripheral neuropathy pain (P=.048). Compared with placebo, treatment with coenzyme Q did not result in changes in mtDNA levels in fat cells or in PBMCs after the treatment period.CONCLUSIONS: Levels of mtDNA in fat tissue, but not in PBMCs, were associated with peripheral neuropathy and lipodystrophy. High-dose coenzyme Q therapy increased well-being in asymptomatic HIV-infected patients and those with lipodystrophy, as well as in control subjects, but aggravated pain in patients with peripheral neuropathy.
|
['Adipocytes', 'Adipose Tissue', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neutrophils', 'Peripheral Nervous System Diseases', 'Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors', 'Ubiquinone']
| 15,494,915
|
[['A11.329.114'], ['A10.165.114'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['C01.221.250.875.550', 'C01.221.812.640.400.530', 'C01.778.640.400.530', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.550', 'C01.925.813.400.530', 'C17.800.849.391.400', 'C18.452.584.625.400', 'C18.452.880.391.400', 'C20.673.480.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['C10.668.829'], ['D27.505.519.389.675.850', 'D27.505.954.122.388.308'], ['D02.806.250.900', 'D08.211.935']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Age related microsatellite instability in T cells from healthy individuals.
|
Many immune functions decline with age and may jeopardize the elderly, as illustrated, for example by the significantly higher mortality rate from influenza in old age. Although innate and humoral immunity are affected by aging, it is the T cell compartment, which manifests most alterations. The mechanisms behind these alterations are still unclear, and several explanations have been offered including thymic involution and Telomere attrition leading to cell senescence. Age related accumulation of mutations has been documented and could serve as an additional mechanism of T cell dysfunction. One effective repair mechanism capable of rectifying errors in DNA replications is the mismatch repair (MMR) system. We previously reported a comparative examination of individual DNA samples from blood cells obtained at 10 year intervals from young and old subjects. We showed significantly higher rates of microsatellite instability (MSI), an indicator of MMR dysfunction in older subjects, compared to young. In the present study we confirm this result, using direct automated sequencing and in addition, we demonstrate that as CD8 lymphocytes from aged individuals, undergo repeated population doublings (PDs) in culture, they develop MSI. CD4 clones that also undergo repeated PDs in culture develop significant MSI as well. Elucidation of this previously unexplored facet of lymphocyte dynamics in relation to aging may help identify novel mechanisms of immunosenescence and pathways that could serve as targets for interventions to restore immune function.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Base Pair Mismatch', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cellular Senescence', 'DNA Methylation', 'DNA Repair', 'Humans', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Middle Aged', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 15,050,284
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['G05.365.590.060'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['G04.043'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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|
[Calculation of the number of terminally ill patients through their use of opioid analgesics and tumor mortality].
|
OBJECTIVE: To find the number of patients in terminal care in Madrid Health District 3.DESIGN: Ecological, descriptive study.SETTING: Eleven Health Districts. Madrid, Spain, 2002.MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Two models were used to calculate the number of patients in terminal care and were compared with data from the Primary Care Service Portfolio. Model A: consumption of morphine and fentanyl. The number of defined daily doses (DDD) of these active principles and the DDD per 1000 inhabitants and day (DID) were calculated. Prescription details: prescriptions charged to Social Security from registered doctors in Madrid (primary care and specialists). Model B: tumor mortality, i.e. the number of deaths due to tumors in the year 2000, published in 2004.RESULTS: The number of terminal patients calculated by the 2 models in 7 of the 11 Health Districts and in the Community of Madrid is higher than in the Primary Care Service Portfolio. In the Community of Madrid, morphine and fentanyl are prescribed basically in primary care (96%). There was an important jump in fentanyl prescription from 2001 to 2002, due to the main fentanyl prescribed being transdermal.CONCLUSIONS: There are differences between the models in calculation of terminal patients. Moreover, the models offer heterogeneous results between health districts. Fentanyl consumption has become greater than morphine use in Madrid. The registers of terminal patients and/or their recruitment need to be improved.
|
['Analgesics, Opioid', 'Drug Utilization', 'Humans', 'Models, Statistical', 'Neoplasms', 'Terminal Care', 'Terminally Ill']
| 16,527,115
|
[['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['N04.452.706.477'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['C04'], ['E02.760.905', 'N02.421.585.905'], ['M01.873']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of 13-cis-retinoic acid on survival of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
|
A randomised therapeutic trial of 13-cis-retinoic acid was carried out in 70 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome having 5% or fewer marrow blast cells. Among non-sideroblastic patients the 1-year survival in the treated group was 77%, compared with 36% in the control group. There were too few deaths among patients with sideroblastic anaemia to allow any effect of therapy on survival to be evaluated.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anemia, Sideroblastic', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Isomerism', 'Isotretinoin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myelodysplastic Syndromes', 'Random Allocation', 'Tretinoin']
| 2,882,180
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C15.378.071.419', 'C15.378.190.625.070'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.570.685', 'G02.607.445'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.325', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.325', 'D02.455.849.131.495.325', 'D23.767.261.700.325'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C15.378.190.625'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Acoustic vowel reduction in Creek: effects of distinctive length and position in the word.
|
Eight speakers (4 male and 4 female) of the Muskogee dialect of Creek pronounced a set of words illustrating the vowels and diphthongs of Creek. These recordings were analyzed acoustically and data on vowel duration and vowel formant frequencies are presented in this paper. The ratio of the durations of dictinctively long and short vowels was 1.8. This ratio showed a sex difference, being larger for female speakers than it was for male speakers. Final lengthening was also observed: both distinctively long and short vowels were longer in word-final position than in word-initial position. The vowel formant data showed two additive, orthogonal phonetic vowel reduction processes: short vowel centralization and positional reduction. Short vowel centralization has been found in many languages. Distinctively long vowels in Creek tended to be more peripheral in the acoustic vowel space than were the distinctively short vowels. Positional reduction is also evident in these data: vowels in word-final position were reduced relative to vowels in word-initial position. Short vowel centralization was preserved in both positions in the word. Positional reduction has been documented in several languages, and these results from Creek lend support to the hypothesis that it is a general property of speech production. The results of this acoustic-phonetic study, the first such study of Creek, are discussed in light of cross-linguistic phonetic trends.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Language', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phonetics', 'Speech', 'Speech Acoustics', 'Speech Production Measurement']
| 11,096,370
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.559.598.518'], ['F01.145.209.908.677', 'G11.561.812', 'L01.559.423.676'], ['G11.561.812.650', 'G11.561.820'], ['E01.370.760']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Promoters and processing sites within the transforming region of bovine papillomavirus type 1.
|
The mRNAs present in bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1)-transformed C127 cells were studied by primer extension. The results show that two internal promoters are present in the E region of BPV-1 in addition to the previously identified promoter at coordinate 1 (H. Ahola, A. Stenlund, J. Moreno-L?pez, and U. Pettersson, Nucleic Acids Res. 11:2639-2650, 1983). One, located at coordinate 31, generated a set of mRNAs with heterogeneous 5' ends, which may encode the major transforming protein of BPV-1, the E5 protein. The second promoter, which is located at coordinate 39, generates colinear mRNAs which encode either the E4 protein or a truncated form of the E2 protein. Unlike the cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (O. Danos, E. Georges, G. Orth, and M. Yaniv, J. Virol. 53:735-741, 1985), BPV-1 appears to lack a separate promoter for expression of the E7 protein. The major splice sites in the transforming region (E region) of the BPV-1 genome were also identified by nucleotide sequence analysis.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Bovine papillomavirus 1', 'DNA', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Papillomaviridae', 'Poly A', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'RNA Caps', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Viral']
| 2,884,331
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B04.280.210.655.200.100', 'B04.613.204.655.200.100'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.308'], ['B04.280.210.655', 'B04.613.204.655'], ['D13.695.578.550.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.700', 'D13.444.735.544.500', 'D13.695.667.454.700', 'D13.695.827.426.700'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.828']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Involvement of silent synapses in the induction of long-term potentiation and long-term depression in neocortical and hippocampal neurons.
|
Changes in the latency of small excitatory postsynaptic potentials were observed in association with induction of long-term modifications of synaptic transmission in slices of rat neocortex and guinea-pig hippocampus. After potentiation response latency decreased in 3/10 cases in the neocortex and in 6/24 cases in the hippocampus, and increased after depression in 4/8 cases in the neocortex. These latency changes could not be attributed to changes in presynaptic fibre excitability, monosynaptic inhibition, release kinetics or activation kinetics of postsynaptic ion channels. We conclude therefore that potentiation led to the activation of previously silent synapses of fast-conducting afferents and depression to the inactivation of previously functional synapses. Thus, neocortical and hippocampal synapses can be in a non-functional state, and regimes that induce long-term potentiation and depression not only change the efficacy of synapses but also alter their functional state.
|
['Animals', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Hippocampus', 'Long-Term Potentiation', 'Rats', 'Reaction Time', 'Synapses']
| 8,865,185
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['G11.561.638.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Diffuse intrapulmonary malignant mesothelioma masquerading as interstitial lung disease: a distinctive variant of mesothelioma.
|
Malignant mesothelioma typically encases lungs as a thick rind, while relatively sparing lung parenchyma. We describe an unusual presentation of mesothelioma characterized by diffuse intrapulmonary growth, with absent or inconspicuous pleural involvement, clinically simulating interstitial lung disease (ILD). We identified 5 patients (median age 56 y, all men) with diffuse intrapulmonary malignant mesothelioma in our pathology consultation practice from 2009 to 2012. Clinical history, imaging, and pathology materials were reviewed. Symptoms included chronic dyspnea (4 cases), cough (3), and acute dyspnea with bilateral pneumothorax (1). Chest imaging showed irregular opacities (5), reticulation (4), pleural effusions (2), and subpleural nodular densities (1), without radiologic evidence of pleural disease or masses. A clinicoradiologic diagnosis of ILD was made in all cases, and wedge biopsies were performed. Histologic evaluation revealed a neoplastic proliferation of bland epithelioid or spindled cells, showing various growth patterns simulating silicotic nodules, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, organizing pneumonia, and Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Some areas mimicked adenocarcinoma, with lepidic, acinar, micropapillary, and solid patterns. Initial diagnoses by referring pathologists included reactive changes (1), hypersensitivity pneumonitis versus drug reaction (1), desquamative interstitial pneumonia versus neoplasm (1), and mesothelioma (2). Microscopic pleural involvement was identified in 4 cases. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the characteristic immunophenotype of mesothelioma in all cases. Median survival of 3 patients treated with chemotherapy was 28 months. Two patients received no therapy and survived 3 and 4 weeks, respectively. "Diffuse intrapulmonary malignant mesothelioma" is a rare variant with a distinctive presentation that clinically mimics ILD. Recognition is essential to avoid misdiagnosis.
|
['Aged', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lung Diseases, Interstitial', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Mesothelioma', 'Middle Aged']
| 23,797,722
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C08.381.483'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.557.470.035.510', 'C04.557.470.660.510'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Argosomes: a potential vehicle for the spread of morphogens through epithelia.
|
The formation of morphogen gradients is essential for tissue patterning. Morphogens are released from producing cells and spread through adjacent tissue; paradoxically, however, many morphogens, including Wingless, associate tightly with the cell membrane. Here, we describe a novel cell biological mechanism that disperses membrane fragments over large distances through the Drosophila imaginal disc epithelium. We call these membrane exovesicles argosomes. Argosomes are derived from basolateral membranes and are produced by many different regions of the disc. They travel through adjacent tissue where they are found predominantly in endosomes. Wingless protein colocalizes with argosomes derived from Wingless-producing cells. The properties of argosomes are consistent with their being a vehicle for the spread of Wingless protein.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Cell Membrane Structures', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Endosomes', 'Epithelium', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Heparin Lyase', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Luminescent Proteins', 'Models, Biological', 'Morphogenesis', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Transport Vesicles', 'Wnt1 Protein']
| 11,551,510
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['A11.284.149.165'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.337'], ['A10.272'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['D08.811.520.241.700.512'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['D12.776.532'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G07.345.500'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880'], ['D12.776.467.984.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.967', 'D23.529.984.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The use of artificial neural networks in evaluation of posturographic data].
|
BACKGROUND: Posturography methods have been applied in clinical neurootology to evaluate the equilibrium function of patients. Methods of statistical analysis play an important role for improving data processing and to support the interpretation of the results. In contrast to conventional statistics, artificial neural networks are model-free and non-parametric. The aim of the presented study was to investigate how accurately these methods are able to discriminate between healthy and equilibrium-disturbed subjects.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 51 healthy volunteers participated in this study. 2 static posturography measurements were recorded before and 40 min after alcohol intake (0.4‰-0.6‰). Recorded signals were processed by 4 different methods in order to estimate power spectral densities (0 Hz-25 Hz). 11 different methods of artificial neural networks were investigated. The ability of artificial neural networks for classification was evaluated in patients with an acute unilateral vestibular loss.RESULTS: It turned out that estimating power spectral densities by means of autoregressive modelling and subsequent classification by Support-Vector Machine or by Learning Vector Quantization Networks are most accurate. Validation analysis yielded mean classification errors for the test set of 4.2 ± 2.2%.CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of neurootological data by artificial neural networks proved to be a sensitive recognition method of even small changes of the postural system.
|
['Alcoholic Beverages', 'Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted', 'Ethanol', 'Fourier Analysis', 'Humans', 'Meniere Disease', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Neural Pathways', 'Postural Balance', 'Reference Values', 'Sensory Deprivation', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Spinal Cord', 'Vestibular Function Tests', 'Vestibular Nerve', 'Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases']
| 21,110,291
|
[['G07.203.100.100', 'J02.200.100'], ['E01.158', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158'], ['D02.033.375'], ['E05.377', 'G17.226', 'L01.224.800.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C09.218.568.217.500'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['A08.612'], ['F02.830.816.541.752', 'G07.888.750.500', 'G11.427.690', 'G11.561.790.541.595'], ['E05.978.810'], ['F02.463.593.696'], ['L01.224.800'], ['A08.186.854'], ['E01.370.382.900'], ['A08.800.800.120.910.900'], ['C09.218.807.800', 'C10.292.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anatomical and electrophysiological identification of motoneurones supplying the cat retractor bulbi muscle.
|
Motoneurones innervating the retractor bulbi muscle in the cat have been identified by retrograde labelling with horseradish peroxidase, by intracellular recording and by intracellular staining with horseradish peroxidase. Their somata are found in an accessory abducens nucleus, analogous to that described in some other species, which consists of a narrow column of cells situated in the lateral tegmental reticular field, above the superior olive and medial to the facial nerve. The column of cells extends over approximately 1.5 mm from P 5.5 to P 7. The retractor bulbi motoneurones number from 80 to 120 and have large, elongated somata which give rise to five or six major dendrites. Their axons cross the reticular formation in a dorso-medial direction to pass through the principal abducens nucleus before turning to leave the brain stem in the 6th nerve. Antidromic latencies ranged from 0.4 to 0.7 ms. Some retractor bulbi motoneurones could also be activated antidromically by stimulation of the lateral rectus muscle nerve.
|
['Abducens Nerve', 'Animals', 'Axons', 'Brain Stem', 'Cats', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Horseradish Peroxidase', 'Motor Neurons', 'Oculomotor Muscles', 'Reflex']
| 421,760
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Improving the cellular invasion into PHEMA sponges by incorporation of the RGD peptide ligand: the use of copolymerization as a means to functionalize PHEMA sponges.
|
A monomer that contained the RGD ligand motif was synthesized and copolymerized with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate using polymerization-induced phase separation methods to form poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-based hydrogel sponges. The sponges had morphologies of aggregated polymer droplets and interconnected pores, the pores having dimensions in the order of 10 ìm typical of PHEMA sponges. RGD-containing moieties appeared to be evenly distributed through the polymer droplets. Compared to PHEMA sponges that were not functionalized with RGD, the new sponges containing RGD allowed greater invasion by human corneal epithelial cells, by advancing the attachment of cells to the surface of the polymer droplets.
|
['Biocompatible Materials', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate', 'Ligands', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Oligopeptides', 'Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate']
| 24,094,205
|
[['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.485', 'D05.750.219.500', 'D05.750.741.485', 'D20.280.320.609.500', 'D25.720.532.500', 'D25.720.741.485', 'D26.255.165.320.375.375', 'J01.637.051.720.584.500', 'J01.637.051.720.741.485'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['D12.644.456'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.685', 'D02.241.081.069.800.700', 'D05.750.716.822.111.650.750', 'D05.750.741.685', 'D25.720.716.822.111.650.750', 'D25.720.741.685', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111.650.750', 'J01.637.051.720.741.685']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Duloxetine and pregabalin for pain management in multiple rheumatic diseases associated with fibromyalgia.
|
The fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterized by chronic and widespread musculoskeletal pain and soreness accompanied by sleep disorders, chronic fatigue and affective disorders. FMS is often associated with other forms of immuno-rheumatic diseases. Although FMS pathophysiology is still not fully understood, a number of neuroendocrine, neurotransmission and neurosensitive disorders might generate a mechanism for the elicitation of pain by "central sensitization," which is common to many other painful conditions. The present case describes the success of a therapeutic scheme, which associates two different pharmacological classes, anticonvulsants and new-generation antidepressants, when FMS complicates a rare pathology called Cogan's syndrome. The association of two drugs might noticeably affect the molecular mechanisms of difficult pain, thus solving painful conditions of multifactorial origin.
|
['Analgesics', 'Comorbidity', 'Duloxetine Hydrochloride', 'Female', 'Fibromyalgia', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Pregabalin', 'Rheumatic Diseases', 'Thiophenes', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 23,126,475
|
[['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['D02.886.778.260', 'D03.383.903.260'], ['C05.651.324', 'C05.799.321', 'C10.668.491.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350.500', 'D12.125.190.350.450'], ['C05.799', 'C17.300.775'], ['D02.886.778', 'D03.383.903'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Leukemia inhibitory factor ameliorates muscle fiber degeneration in the mdx mouse.
|
Although the muscles of the mdx mouse lack dystrophin, the protein absent in muscles of humans affected with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the only mdx muscle to degenerate in a manner similar to those of DMD boys is the diaphragm. We have previously shown that leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a trauma factor that enhances muscle repair in vivo and, when applied exogenously, increases the fiber size of mdx skeletal muscle. Furthermore, we developed a controlled release device for LIF based on a calcium alginate rod (release rate about 0.5% per day). These rods were sutured to the abdominal surface of the hemidiaphragm of mdx mice 3 months old. At age 6 months the mice were killed and the diaphragm muscles fixed and sectioned. The sections showed obvious muscle degeneration at 3 months of age in mdx mouse diaphragms and further degeneration at 6 months in saline-perfused muscle. Hemidiaphragm muscles continuously exposed to LIF over the same period contained more normal myofibers, larger regenerated fibers, and less adipose tissue and other non-contractile tissue. Morphometric analysis of the diaphragm sections was carried out. The LIF-treated animals showed a significant increase in fiber number and size compared to saline rod controls. The amount of nonmuscle (connective tissue and adipose tissue) was significantly reduced and the maximum force-producing capacity of isolated diaphragm muscle strips was higher in LIF-treated mice. The results demonstrate that LIF treatment ameliorates the dystrophic abnormalities in mdx mouse diaphragm.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Size', 'Diaphragm', 'Growth Inhibitors', 'Infusion Pumps, Implantable', 'Interleukin-6', 'Leukemia Inhibitory Factor', 'Lymphokines', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred mdx', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle Fatigue', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Muscular Atrophy', 'Muscular Dystrophy, Animal', 'Recombinant Proteins']
| 11,054,748
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.325'], ['A02.633.567.900.300'], ['D27.505.696.377.450'], ['E07.505.254', 'E07.858.082.505.254'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D12.644.276.374.470', 'D12.776.467.374.470', 'D23.529.374.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.265'], ['G11.427.494'], ['G11.427.550'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['C10.597.613.612', 'C23.300.070.500', 'C23.888.592.608.612'], ['C22.595'], ['D12.776.828']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Late Results of Half-Turned Truncal Switch Operation for Transposition of the Great Arteries.
|
BACKGROUND: Conventional Rastelli, Lecompte, and Nikaidoh operations are accepted as standard techniques for complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA) with left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. These operations show serious drawbacks, however, including postoperative obstruction of both ventricular outflow tracts. We developed the half-turned truncal switch operation (HTTSO) to address these problems.METHODS: Between 2002 and 2017, 14 patients underwent HTTSO. Median age was 1.2 years and median body weight was 8.3 kg. Diagnosis was TGA with pulmonary stenosis in 9 cases, TGA-type double-outlet right ventricle in 4, and TGA with degenerative pulmonary valve after pulmonary arterial banding in 1. The coronary artery was Yacoub type A in 13 and type D in 1. Four patients had a small right ventricle. Pulmonary-aortic annular diameter ratio ranged from 0.43 to 1.00. The right ventricular outflow tract was augmented using a monocuspid polytetrafluoroethylene valved patch in 8 cases. Autologous pulmonary annulus was preserved in 6 cases.RESULTS: Median follow-up was 5.2 years. No early mortality was encountered. Only 1 patient was lost due to arrhythmia, 11 months after HTTSO. No patients showed coronary insufficiency and no outflow tract obstruction was identified. Aortic regurgitation was within mild degree in 12 cases. Additional mitral valvular annuloplasty was required in 3 cases late after HTTSO for moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation. Risk factors for late death and reoperation were low age and body weight at HTTSO.CONCLUSIONS: HTTSO is useful for TGA with LVOT obstruction, ensuring wide, straight ventricular outflow tracts and growth potential.
|
['Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Recovery of Function', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Survival Analysis', 'Transposition of Great Vessels', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,031,843
|
[['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E04.680'], ['G16.757'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['C14.240.400.915', 'C14.280.400.915', 'C16.131.240.400.915'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Should influenza vaccination be mandatory for healthcare staff?
|
Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton, discusses government concerns about the low uptake of flu vaccination among frontline healthcare staff.
|
['Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Mandatory Programs', 'State Medicine', 'United Kingdom']
| 31,972,120
|
[['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['I01.880.604.622', 'N03.706.657', 'N04.452.521'], ['N03.349.550.902', 'N03.858'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
AIDS alarm: a case study.
|
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has made a wide impact not limited to those persons who have or are likely to contact it. A case history of a man with a near-delusional belief he had AIDS is presented to exemplify the individual issues that concern about AIDS may raise. Thorough exploration of the dynamic interplay of biological, psychological and social factors is recommended in each case before reassurance may be effective. Psychiatric consultation should assist in developing optimal intervention in each individual case.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Somatoform Disorders']
| 3,409,157
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['F03.600.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['F03.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Exogenous nucleosides promote the completion of MoMLV DNA synthesis in G0-arrested Balb c/3T3 fibroblasts.
|
We studied Moloney murine leukemia virus replication in newly infected Balb c/3T3 cells brought to the G0 phase by serum depletion. Using the polymerase chain reaction method, we showed that Moloney murine leukemia virus can be efficiently internalized in nonproliferating fibroblasts, although reverse transcription of the viral RNA in these cells remains incomplete. It seems likely that a lower availability of deoxyribonucleotides in G0-arrested cells is responsible for this premature termination of the reverse transcription step. Accordingly, the addition of high concentrations of nucleosides to the culture medium of nondividing cells simultaneously with infection enables them to complete the reverse transcription process, without re-initiating the cell cycle. Inhibition of reverse transcription by hydroxyurea confirms the dependence of this retroviral step on the intracellular nucleotide pool rather than on the precise arrest point of the host cell cycle. Furthermore, the pyrimidine nucleotide pool, and more particularly the cytidine pool, appears to play a central regulatory role in this step.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cytidine', 'DNA, Viral', 'Fibroblasts', 'Hydroxyurea', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Moloney murine leukemia virus', 'Nucleosides', 'Pyrimidine Nucleotides', 'RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase', 'Resting Phase, Cell Cycle', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Virus Replication']
| 7,510,441
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D03.383.742.680.245', 'D13.570.685.245', 'D13.570.800.286'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D02.065.950.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B04.613.807.375.525.596', 'B04.820.650.375.525.596'], ['D09.408.595', 'D13.570'], ['D03.383.742.686', 'D13.695.740'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750', 'D12.776.964.775.375.750', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.750', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.750'], ['G04.144.500.300'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Arithmetic memory networks established in childhood are changed by experience in adulthood.
|
Adult bilinguals show stronger access to multiplication tables when using the language in which they learned arithmetic during childhood (LA+) than the other language (LA-), implying language-specific encoding of math facts. However, most bilinguals use LA+ throughout their life, confounding the impact of encoding and use. We tested if using arithmetic facts in LA- could reduce this LA- disadvantage. We measured event related brain potentials while bilingual teachers judged the correctness of multiplication problems in each of their languages. Critically, each teacher taught arithmetic in either LA+ or LA-. Earlier N400 peak latency was observed in both groups for the teaching than non-teaching language, showing more efficient access to these facts with use. LA+ teachers maintained an LA+ advantage, while LA- teachers showed equivalent N400 congruency effects (for incorrect versus correct solutions) in both languages. LA- teachers also showed a late positive component that may reflect conflict monitoring between their LA+ and a strong LA-. Thus, the LA- disadvantage for exact arithmetic established in early bilingual education can be mitigated by later use of LA-.
|
['Adult', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mathematical Concepts', 'Memory', 'Middle Aged', 'Multilingualism', 'Problem Solving', 'Teaching']
| 25,445,361
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G17'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.559.423.452'], ['F02.463.425.725', 'F02.463.785.810'], ['I02.903']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Transient expression of wild-type and mutant glucocerebrosidases in hybrid vaccinia expression system.
|
Gaucher disease, the most prevalent lysosomal storage disease, is characterised by a significant phenotypic variation caused by more than 150 mutations. In order to verify pathogenicity of mutations found in the Czech Gaucher population, the vaccinia expression system was used. The wild-type human beta-glucocerebrosidase cDNA and cDNAs carrying the mutations 72delC, 1326insT, 1263del55, S196P, N370S, L444P, G202E, D409H, T369M, L444P+V460V, and D409H+T369M were expressed in Gaucher fibroblast cell line (L444P/S107L), BSC40, and HeLa G cells. The enzymatic activity and immunological reactivity were analysed. Only beta-glucocerebrosidase-deficient fibroblasts were suitable for expression using plasmid transfection. The expressed beta-glucosidase activity of mutant glucocerebrosidases was in good correlation with the presumed severity of the mutations.
|
['Cloning, Molecular', 'Gaucher Disease', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Glucosylceramidase', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Mutation', 'Vaccinia virus']
| 12,734,541
|
[['E05.393.220'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.435.825.400', 'C16.320.565.189.435.825.400', 'C16.320.565.398.641.803.441', 'C16.320.565.595.554.825.400', 'C18.452.132.100.435.825.400', 'C18.452.584.687.803.441', 'C18.452.648.189.435.825.400', 'C18.452.648.398.641.803.441', 'C18.452.648.595.554.825.400'], ['G05.360.337'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.412'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B04.280.650.160.650.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Three-month stability of the CogState brief battery in healthy older adults, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease: results from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers, and Lifestyle-rate of change substudy (AIBL-ROCS).
|
Large prospective studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have sought to understand the pathological evolution of AD and factors that may influence the rate of disease progression. Estimates of rates of cognitive change are available for 12 or 24 months, but not for shorter time frames (e.g., 3 or 6 months). Most clinical drug trials seeking to reduce or modify AD symptoms have been conducted over 12- or 24-week periods. As such, we aimed to characterize the performance of a group of healthy older adults, adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and adults with AD on the CogState battery of tests over short test-retest intervals. This study recruited 105 healthy older adults, 48 adults with aMCI, and 42 adults with AD from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers, and Lifestyle study and administered the CogState battery monthly over 3 months. The CogState battery of tests showed high test-retest reliability and stability in all clinical groups when participants were assessed over 3 months. When considered at baseline, the CogState battery of tests was able to detect AD-related cognitive impairment. The data provide important estimates of the reliability, stability, and variability of each cognitive test in healthy older adults, adults with aMCI, and adults with AD. This may potentially be used to inform future estimates of cognitive change in clinical trials.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Aniline Compounds', 'Association Learning', 'Australia', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cognitive Dysfunction', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Reaction Time', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Thiazoles', 'Time Factors']
| 23,552,802
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D02.092.146'], ['F02.463.425.069.296'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['F03.615.250.700'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['F04.711.513'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cancer chemotherapy model using autochthonous large bowel cancer in rats.
|
Chemotherapy of methylnitrosourea-induced autochthonous large bowel cancer in rats, which is similar to that in man, was studied to evaluate the intrarectal administration or topical application of chemotherapeutic agents. Rats with large bowel tumors confirmed by endoscopic examination received an intrarectal instillation of 1 mg of 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU), 1 mg of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea (Me-CCNU), or 5 mg of 5-fluorouracil (ir groups), or intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mg of 5-fluorouracil (ip group) daily for 8 weeks. All the rats, including non-treated control rats, were necropsied after the treatment. The number of large bowel tumors per rat detected by endoscopy before the treatment was mostly the same among groups, whereas that observed at necropsy after the treatment was significantly smaller in ir groups, compared to non-treated group and ip group. The tumors increased significantly in rats of non-treated group and ip group between the time of endoscopy and necropsy, but not in rats of ir groups. These results showed that the maximum tolerated dosage of the agents administered intrarectally suppressed the development of new tumors after start of the treatment and also the growth of tumors which were detected by endoscopy before the treatment.
|
['Administration, Topical', 'Animals', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Intestinal Neoplasms', 'Methylnitrosourea', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Nitrosourea Compounds', 'Rats', 'Semustine']
| 669,141
|
[['E02.319.267.120'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['C04.588.274.476.411', 'C06.301.371.411', 'C06.405.249.411', 'C06.405.469.491'], ['D02.065.950.594.490', 'D02.654.692.480'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['D02.065.950.594', 'D02.654.692'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D02.065.950.594.440.700', 'D02.654.692.440.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Involvement of lipid peroxidation in the degradation of a non-phenolic lignin model compound by manganese peroxidase of the litter-decomposing fungus Stropharia coronilla.
|
Culture liquids of the litter-decomposing basidiomycete Stropharia coronilla showed pro-oxidant activity promoting the peroxidation of linoleic acid. This activity depended on the presence of manganese peroxidase (MnP) in the fungal culture. Pro-oxidant activity maxima coincided with maximum MnP activities during the separation of extracellular proteins by anion-exchange chromatography. Purified MnP1 showed substantial pro-oxidant activity in the presence of acetate and Mn2+ ions, even without the addition of hydrogen peroxide. A non-phenolic beta-O-4 lignin model compound [LMC; 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1,3-dihydroxypropane] was partially oxidized in an in vitro reaction system developing MnP-dependent lipid peroxidation. The chelating organic acids malonate and tartrate noticeably inhibited both the peroxidation of linoleic acid and the conversion of LMC in the system. The major product of the LMC oxidation was 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-3-hydroxypropane; in addition, small amounts of 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (veratraldehyde) and 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic (veratric) acid were detected. Thus, MnP-initiated lipid peroxidation may be involved in the degradation of recalcitrant non-phenolic lignin substructures by litter-decomposing fungi similar to MnPs of wood-decaying fungi.
|
['Basidiomycota', 'Culture Media', 'Hydrolysis', 'Lignin', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Peroxidases', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 15,796,893
|
[['B01.300.179'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['G02.380'], ['D05.750.078.562.180.515', 'D05.750.078.687', 'D20.538', 'D25.720.099.687', 'J01.637.051.720.099.687'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D08.811.682.732'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Different requirements for ó Region 4 in BvgA activation of the Bordetella pertussis promoters P(fim3) and P(fhaB).
|
Bordetella pertussis BvgA is a global response regulator that activates virulence genes, including adhesin-encoding fim3 and fhaB. At the fhaB promoter, P(fhaB), a BvgA binding site lies immediately upstream of the -35 promoter element recognized by Region 4 of the ó subunit of RNA polymerase (RNAP). We demonstrate that ó Region 4 is required for BvgA activation of P(fhaB), a hallmark of Class II activation. In contrast, the promoter-proximal BvgA binding site at P(fim3) includes the -35 region, which is composed of a tract of cytosines that lacks specific sequence information. We demonstrate that ó Region 4 is not required for BvgA activation at P(fim3). Nonetheless, Region 4 mutations that impair its typical interactions with core and with the -35 DNA affect P(fim3) transcription. Hydroxyl radical cleavage using RNAP with óD581C-FeBABE positions Region 4 near the -35 region of P(fim3); cleavage using RNAP with á276C-FeBABE or á302C-FeBABE also positions an á subunit C-terminal domain within the -35 region, on a different helical face from the promoter-proximal BvgA~P dimer. Our results suggest that the -35 region of P(fim3) accommodates a BvgA~P dimer, an á subunit C-terminal domain, and ó Region 4. Molecular modeling suggests how BvgA, ó Region 4, and á might coexist within this DNA in a conformation that suggests a novel mechanism of activation.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Bordetella pertussis', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases', 'Hydroxyl Radical', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 21,536,048
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['B03.440.400.425.115.425.600', 'B03.660.075.090.344.425.600'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.270'], ['D01.045.250.357', 'D01.248.497.158.459.300', 'D01.339.431.249'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mixed infections of Marek's disease and reticuloendotheliosis viruses in layer flocks in Argentina.
|
The presence of reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) was examined in flocks affected with Marek's disease (MD). Sera were positive to REV antibodies by agar gel precipitation. However, these findings were not conclusive since fowlpox vaccines can have REV fragments or the whole genome inserted. Frozen sections from tumors were positive for MD virus (MDV) but negative for REV. Chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) and chicken kidney cell (CKC) culture inoculated with buffy coat cells or blood from the affected birds were examined. Positive cells were shown for REV and MDV by fluorescent antibodies tests in CEF and CKC, respectively, indicating the presence of REV in Argentinean layer flocks. This is the first report of REV in Argentina and also in South America.
|
['Animals', 'Argentina', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chick Embryo', 'Chickens', 'Coinfection', 'Female', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Lymphocytes', 'Mardivirus', 'Marek Disease', 'Poultry Diseases', 'Reticuloendotheliosis virus', 'Retroviridae Infections', 'Tumor Virus Infections']
| 23,901,777
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.077'], ['A11.251'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['C01.218'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['B04.280.382.100.562'], ['C01.925.256.466.650', 'C01.925.928.489', 'C15.604.515.700', 'C20.683.515.840', 'C22.131.546'], ['C22.131.728'], ['B04.613.807.375.700.700', 'B04.820.650.375.700.700'], ['C01.925.782.815'], ['C01.925.928']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Assessment of the real-world safety profile of vedolizumab using the United States Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system.
|
Vedolizumab is the first gut-selective integrin blocker indicated for patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to examine the adverse events (AEs) profile of vedolizumab compared to anti-tumor necrosis factors (anti-TNFs) indicated for CD and UC using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. AE reports with vedolizumab (5/20/2014-6/30/2015) and CD/UC-indicated anti-TNF drugs (adalimumab, infliximab, certolizumab pegol, and golimumab, during 8/1/1998-6/30/2015) as primary suspects were extracted from the FAERS database. AEs associated with vedolizumab were compared for signals of disproportionate reporting against anti-TNF drugs and all other drugs (1969-6/30/2015), using the proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and the empirical Bayesian geometric mean (EBGM) algorithms. The search retrieved 499 reports for vedolizumab and 119,620 reports for anti-TNFs, with 35.9% and 32.1% of these, respectively, being serious AEs. With the PRR approach, vedolizumab-associated reports had signals for 22 groups of AEs (9 were associated with serious outcomes) relative to anti-TNFs and had 34 signals relative to all other drugs. Signals detected included those reported as warnings in prescribing information and new AEs related to cardiovascular disease. Due to the voluntary nature of FAERS, this finding should be considered hypothesis generating (rather than hypothesis testing). Longer-term observational studies are required to evaluate the safety of vedolizumab.
|
['Adult', 'Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'United States', 'United States Food and Drug Administration']
| 31,800,627
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.337.800.120', 'N02.421.668.320.120'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['I01.409.418.750.600.650.760', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.650.760']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Purification and characterization of mSin3A-containing Brg1 and hBrm chromatin remodeling complexes.
|
Alteration of nucleosomes by ATP-dependent remodeling complexes represents a critical step in the regulation of transcription. The human SWI/SNF (hSWI/SNF) family is composed of complexes that contain either Brg1 or hBrm as the central ATPase; however, these separate complexes have not been compared functionally. Here we describe the establishment of cell lines that express epitope-tagged Brg1 and hBrm and a characterization of the complexes associated with these two ATPases. We show that Brg1 fractionates into two complexes that differ in activity and subunit composition, whereas hBrm is found in one complex with lower activity than the Brg1 complexes. These three complexes can remodel nucleosomal arrays, increase restriction enzyme accessibility, and hydrolyze ATP in a DNA-dependent manner. The three complexes differ markedly in their ability to remodel mononucleosomal core particles. We also show that the hBrm complex and one of the Brg1 complexes contain components of the mammalian Sin3 (mSin3) complex. In addition, we have found that Brg1, hBrm, and BAF155 can interact specifically with mSin3A in vitro, showing a direct association of hSWI/SNF complexes with proteins involved in gene repression. These unexpected functional characteristics indicate that these hSWI/SNF complexes play diverse regulatory roles.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Line', 'Chromatin', 'DNA Helicases', 'Epitopes', 'Histone Deacetylases', 'Humans', 'Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Nucleosomes', 'Protein Binding', 'Sin3 Histone Deacetylase and Corepressor Complex', 'Transcription Factors']
| 11,238,380
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.159', 'D08.811.399.340'], ['D23.050.550'], ['D08.811.277.087.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.176', 'D08.811.277.087.520.500', 'D08.811.600.620'], ['D12.776.660'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180.625', 'D12.776.664.224.550', 'G05.360.160.180.625'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D08.811.277.087.520.750', 'D08.811.600.795', 'D12.776.930.780.625.750'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transcatheter hepatocyte transplantation: preclinical studies of anatomic consequences in the portal vascular bed.
|
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Intrasplenic transplantation deposits hepatocytes in host hepatic sinusoids with amelioration of chronic liver failure and genetic deficiency states. Because portal resistance can be altered by intrasinusoidal transplanted cells, we examined whether hepatocyte recipients would develop deleterious portal hypertension or portosystemic collaterals.METHODS: Syngeneic hepatocytes in suspension were transplanted into recipient rats by transcatheter injection into the splenic parenchyma. Subjects included recipients of 2 x 10(7) hepatocytes representing approximately 3% of the host hepatic mass, recipients of 7.5 x 10(7) hepatocytes representing approximately 12.5% of the host hepatic mass, normal control rats, and positive control rats with portal hypertension induced by partial portal vein constriction. Portal pressures were recorded with a sensitive transducer, portosystemic collaterals were demonstrated with direct splenoportography, and survival of transplanted cells was determined with an endogenous dipeptidyl peptidase IV reporter gene.RESULTS: In normal rats, the portal pressure was 6.25 +/- 1.9 mm Hg with no portosystemic collaterals. By contrast, portal pressures were significantly increased in portal vein-constricted rats, 20.7 +/- 3.9 mm Hg (P < 0.001), with extensive portosystemic collaterals. In hepatocyte recipients, portal hypertension observed during transcatheter cell injection but proved transient. When animals were examined up to 16 weeks after hepatocyte transplantation, portal pressures were in the normal range (after 2 x 10(7) cells, 7.5 x 2.6 mm Hg; after 7.5 x 10(7) cells, 9.5 +/- 4.2 mm Hg, P = not significant). No portosystemic collaterals developed in hepatocyte recipients at various times up to 8 months after transplantation. Transplanted hepatocytes expressing the reporter gene were present in recipients with assimilation in host hepatic cords.CONCLUSION: Despite injection of a massive number of cells, transcatheter hepatocyte transplantation was devoid of any significant portal vascular alterations or toxicity in recipients. These findings are consistent with assimilation of transplanted hepatocytes into host hepatic cords and will facilitate therapeutic applications in metabolic diseases or acute liver failure.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Separation', 'Collateral Circulation', 'Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases', 'Hemodynamics', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Hypertension, Portal', 'Liver', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Portal System', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344', 'Rats, Mutant Strains', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Spleen', 'Time Factors', 'Transplantation, Heterotopic']
| 9,419,491
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['G09.330.100.248'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.350'], ['G09.330.380'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['C06.552.494'], ['A03.620'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['A07.015.908.670'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E04.936.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Benign infantile seizures: a prospective study.
|
INTRODUCTION: One idiopathic focal epileptic syndrome with onset during infancy is recognized, the benign infantile seizures (BIS).OBJECTIVE: To analyze the electroclinical features and evolution in patients with BIS and assess the difference between familial and non-familial infantile cases.PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a prospective follow-up study in 41 patients seen at our department between September 2002 and March 2004, with BIS from 2 to 12 months of age. Among the 41 cases 6 were excluded.RESULTS: Thirty five had BIS after the follow-up. The follow-up was 60-77 months (median 69 months). They were divided in Group 1: 14 patients had a family history of similar seizures in infancy and Group 2: 21 without familial history of infantile epilepsy. Both groups have similar electroclinical features and family history of seizures is the only clue to the differential diagnosis. Seizures were brief, and occurred in cluster in 30 patients (85%). Interictal EEGs were normal in 34 cases (97%) and neuroimaging in all children. No one had seizures after finishing the antiepileptic treatment. Neurological examination and developmental milestones remained normal after the follow-up.CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the existence of BIS. Non-familial cases might represent novo mutations or sporadic cases of BIS. The recognition of BIS is possible at beginning of the epilepsy. To confirm the syndrome the follow-up is necessary.
|
['Age of Onset', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsies, Myoclonic', 'Epilepsies, Partial', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Neurologic Examination', 'Patient Selection', 'Prospective Studies']
| 19,945,823
|
[['N05.715.350.075.100', 'N06.850.490.250.100'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490.375.130', 'C10.228.140.490.493.063'], ['C10.228.140.490.360'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.376.550', 'E01.370.600.550'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Synmastia: prevention and correction.
|
Synmastia is a condition of aberrant communication of the breasts. Apart from the rare congenital cases, this is usually a result of technical complications during breast augmentation surgery caused by an overdissection at the medial side of the pocket, over the sternum, in the subglandular plane; or overdivision of the major pectoralis muscle insertion along the sternum, in the submuscular plane. A multidatabase search about synmastia has been performed. Between November 2004 and April 2009, the senior author (G.S.) has performed 924 breast augmentations and his experience in preventing synmastia is discussed and compared with the literature. Accurate surgical plan, correct choice of implants' size, and correct surgical technique are the most important rules to prevent synmastia. It is difficult to correct synmastia: additional reoperations expose patient to risks, cost, and dissatisfaction. On the basis of the recent literature and personal experience, we propose some classifications and guidelines to prevent synmastia.
|
['Adult', 'Breast', 'Cohort Studies', 'Congenital Abnormalities', 'Esthetics', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Iatrogenic Disease', 'Mammaplasty', 'Middle Aged', 'Pectoralis Muscles', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wound Healing', 'Young Adult']
| 20,948,424
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A01.236'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C16.131'], ['F02.463.785.477', 'K01.752.210'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.291.875'], ['E02.218.565', 'E04.680.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633.567.775'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G16.762.891'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Joseph's disease: clinical and pathological studies in a Japanese family.
|
Joseph's disease is a hereditary ataxia found among descendants of Portuguese from the Azores Islands. We describe the clinical and pathological features of 4 members of a Japanese family who were diagnosed as having Joseph's disease. The illness began with cerebellar ataxia between the ages of 18 and 45 years. Nystagmus, dysarthria, and pyramidal signs were early manifestations. External ophthalmoplegia, dystonia and/or athetotic movements, and muscular atrophy appeared in the late stages. Neuropathological findings in one patient revealed degeneration of the dentatorubral and pallidoluysian systems, substantia nigra, pontocerebellar system, Clarke's column and spinocerebellar tracts, and anterior horn cells, as well as the cranial nuclei in the brainstem. Neurons in the inferior olivary nuclei, Purkinje's and granule cells, the cerebral cortex, thalamus, and striatum were spared. Involvement of the dentatorubral and pallidoluysian systems seems to be a characteristic feature of this disease in Japan.
|
['Adolescent', 'Cerebellar Ataxia', 'Female', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Spasticity', 'Nervous System', 'Pedigree', 'Syndrome']
| 3,963,757
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C10.228.140.252.190', 'C10.597.350.090.500', 'C23.888.592.350.090.200'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.651.512', 'C10.597.613.550.550', 'C23.888.592.608.550.550'], ['A08'], ['E05.393.673'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Time-scale-invariant information-theoretic contingencies in discrimination learning.
|
Animals optimize their behavior to maximize rewards by utilizing cues from the environment. In discrimination learning, cues signal when rewards can and cannot be earned by making a particular response. In our experiment, we trained male mice to press a lever to receive a reward on a random interval schedule. We then introduced a prolonged tone (20, 40, or 80 sec), during which no rewards could be earned. We sought to test our hypothesis that the duration of the tone and frequency of reward during the inter-tone-intervals affect the informativeness of cues and led to differences in discriminative behavior. Learning was expressed as an increase in lever pressing during the intertrial interval (ITI) and, when the informativeness of the cue was high, animals also reduced their lever pressing during the tone. Additionally, we found that the depth of discriminative learning was linearly related to the informativeness of the cues. Our results show that the time-scale invariant information-theoretic definition of contingency applied to excitatory conditioning can also be applied to inhibitory conditioning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Conditioning, Operant', 'Cues', 'Discrimination Learning', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Reward', 'Time Factors']
| 31,021,132
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['F02.463.425.179.509'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['F02.463.425.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['F02.463.425.770.836'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immunoglobulin A antibody activity to mutans streptococci in parotid, submandibular and whole saliva.
|
Antigen extracts of 9 strains of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus mitis were separated in acrylamide gels by electrophoresis. Strains of the same genotype of mutans streptococci were found to have virtually identical sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis patterns but differed clearly from other genotypes of mutans or with the reference strains S. salivarius and S. mitis. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody activity to antigens of S. mutans, S. sobrinus and S. mitis in the parotid, submandibular and whole saliva of 12 people was detected by Western blotting. IgA antibodies reacted with several of the antigens, and the reaction pattern was unique for each of the individuals. To certain antigens, all the salivas blotted bands if both clear and questionable bands were counted. Significantly more blotted bands were revealed with antigens from S. mutans than S. sobrinus. The results of the 3 different salivas of the same individual had a high degree of resemblance but in a few individuals, more blotted bands were obtained with parotid saliva to S. mutans and S. sobrinus antigens.
|
['Adult', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Blotting, Western', 'Child', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin A, Secretory', 'Male', 'Parotid Gland', 'Saliva', 'Salivary Glands', 'Salivary Proteins and Peptides', 'Streptococcus', 'Streptococcus mutans', 'Streptococcus sobrinus', 'Submandibular Gland']
| 1,299,799
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D12.776.097'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026.030', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026.030', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026.030'], ['A03.556.500.760.464', 'A10.336.779.464', 'A14.549.760.464'], ['A12.200.666'], ['A03.556.500.760', 'A10.336.779', 'A14.549.760'], ['D12.644.848', 'D12.776.850'], ['B03.353.750.737.872', 'B03.510.400.800.872', 'B03.510.550.737.872'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.875.520', 'B03.510.400.800.872.875.520', 'B03.510.550.737.872.875.520'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.875.750', 'B03.510.400.800.872.875.750', 'B03.510.550.737.872.875.750'], ['A03.556.500.760.812', 'A10.336.779.812', 'A14.549.760.812']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Heterogeneity of nuclear glucocorticoid receptor interactions.
|
When thymocytes are incubated with glucocorticoids at 37 degrees, 60--70% of the receptor bound steroid is associated with the nucleus. Under conditions where the rate of steroid-receptor formation is not limiting the transfer of steroid-receptors from the cytoplasm to the nucleus occurs rapidly with a T 1/2 of 30 seconds. These observations have led us to investigate whether or not all glucocorticoid receptor complexes are associated with the nucleus in the same manner. To this end, nuclear glucocorticoid-receptor complexes have been extracted by differential salt extraction and DNase I and DNase II digeston. Of the nuclear dexamethasone receptor complex initially bound, 70--75% is resistant to 0.2 M KCl extraction (designated N2) and 25--30% is resistant to 0.4 extraction (designated N4). N2 can be further extracted with 0.4 M KCl whereas N4 is resistant to reextraction with either 0.2 M KCl, suggesting that N2-N4 (N2-4) and N4 represent distinct physical forms of nuclear dexamethasone receptor. In intact cells, N2 and N4 differ under the following physiological condition. (1) N4 binding occurs prior to N2-4; (2) a cold chase of unlabeled dexamethasone decreases N2-4 by 70% but N4 binding by only 10%; (3) N4 binding decreases more rapidly than N2-4 following a decrease in hormone concentration by dilution; (4) a cold chase of either cortexolone or progesterone preferentially decreases N2-4 and has little effect on N4. In addition, the nuclear N2-4 and N4 distribution differ for cortisol, dexamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide, three steroids having different in vitro biological potencies. DNase I treatment of nuclei solubilizes approximately 60% of nuclear DNA yet releases only 20--30% of nuclear receptor, whereas DNase II solubilizes only 10% of nuclear DNA and releases 76--80% of nuclear receptor. As seen with salt extraction, the resistance of nuclear glucocorticoid-receptor complexes to a DNase I and II is dependent on the steroid molecule which is associated with the receptor. Of the steroids we have tested, nuclear triamcinolone acetonide and dexamethasone receptor complexes are most resistant to nuclease attack. Nuclear cortisol receptor complexes are readily solubilized by either DNase I or II under conditions where little dissociation of steroid from receptor occurs. These data represent evidence for physiologically distinct forms of nuclear glucocorticoid receptor interaction. In addition, they demonstrate the importance of the steroid portion of the steroid receptor in directing the nature and/or location of steroid receptors within or on the nucleus.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Dexamethasone', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Glucocorticoid', 'Receptors, Steroid', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Thymus Gland', 'Triamcinolone Acetonide']
| 474,292
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
No increase in the prevalence of COPD in two decades.
|
Relevant information on the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its trends is scarce. In the present study, we compare the prevalence rates and potential determinants of COPD in two national population samples that were surveyed 20 yrs apart. In 1978-1980, a sample of 8,000 people was surveyed; subjects were representative of the Finnish population and were aged ?30 yrs. Among those aged 30-74 yrs, acceptable spirometry was obtained from 6,364 (87%) subjects. In a similar survey conducted in 2000-2001, comparable spirometry was obtained from 5,495 (80%) participants. Airway obstruction was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1))/forced vital capacity below the lower limit of normal and staged for severity on the basis of FEV(1) % predicted. The age-adjusted prevalence rates of obstruction (stages I-IV) were rather similar in both surveys in males (4.7 versus 4.3%; p = 0.25), but were almost significantly higher in females in the later survey (2.2 versus 3.1%; p = 0.06). The rates of COPD stage II or higher were 3.9% in 1978-1980, and 3.6% in 2000-2001 (p = 0.36) for males, and 1.4 and 1.5% (p = 0.93), respectively, for females. In conclusion, no significant difference was found in the prevalence of COPD stages II-IV between similar population based surveys performed 20 yrs apart. Since COPD is mostly mild or moderate there is a strong case for early prevention.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Airway Obstruction', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Pulmonary Medicine', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Smoking', 'Spirometry', 'Time Factors']
| 20,693,258
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C08.618.846.185'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['H02.403.429.675'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['F01.145.805'], ['E01.370.386.700.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Integrative analysis of copy number and gene expression in breast cancer using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded core biopsy tissue: a feasibility study.
|
BACKGROUND: An absence of reliable molecular markers has hampered individualised breast cancer treatments, and a major limitation for translational research is the lack of fresh tissue. There are, however, abundant banks of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. This study evaluated two platforms available for the analysis of DNA copy number and gene expression using FFPE samples.METHODS: The cDNA-mediated annealing, selection, extension, and ligation assay (DASL™) has been developed for gene expression analysis and the Molecular Inversion Probes assay (Oncoscan™), were used for copy number analysis using FFPE tissues. Gene expression and copy number were evaluated in core-biopsy samples from patients with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).RESULTS: Forty-three core-biopsies were evaluated and characteristic copy number changes in breast cancers, gains in 1q, 8q, 11q, 17q and 20q and losses in 6q, 8p, 13q and 16q, were confirmed. Regions that frequently exhibited gains in tumours showing a pathological complete response (pCR) to NAC were 1q (55%), 8q (40%) and 17q (40%), whereas 11q11 (37%) gain was the most frequent change in non-pCR tumours. Gains associated with poor survival were 11q13 (62%), 8q24 (54%) and 20q (47%). Gene expression assessed by DASL correlated with immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis for oestrogen receptor (ER) [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.95], progesterone receptor (PR)(AUC = 0.90) and human epidermal growth factor type-2 receptor (HER-2) (AUC = 0.96). Differential expression analysis between ER+ and ER- cancers identified over-expression of TTF1, LAF-4 and C-MYB (p ? 0.05), and between pCR vs non-pCRs, over-expression of CXCL9, AREG, B-MYB and under-expression of ABCG2.CONCLUSION: This study was an integrative analysis of copy number and gene expression using FFPE core biopsies and showed that molecular marker data from FFPE tissues were consistent with those in previous studies using fresh-frozen samples. FFPE tissue can provide reliable information and will be a useful tool in molecular marker studies.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial registration number ISRCTN09184069 and registered retrospectively on 02/06/2010.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Formaldehyde', 'Gene Dosage', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Paraffin Embedding', 'Tissue Fixation']
| 28,697,743
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['D02.047.407'], ['G05.380.350'], ['E05.393.332'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.440.610', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.440.610', 'E05.200.500.620.760.440.610', 'E05.200.750.600.760.440.610'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.720', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.720', 'E05.200.500.620.760.720', 'E05.200.750.600.760.720']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Efficient detection of unusual words.
|
Words that are, by some measure, over- or underrepresented in the context of larger sequences have been variously implicated in biological functions and mechanisms. In most approaches to such anomaly detections, the words (up to a certain length) are enumerated more or less exhaustively and are individually checked in terms of observed and expected frequencies, variances, and scores of discrepancy and significance thereof. Here we take the global approach of annotating the suffix tree of a sequence with some such values and scores, having in mind to use it as a collective detector of all unexpected behaviors, or perhaps just as a preliminary filter for words suspicious enough to undergo a more accurate scrutiny. We consider in depth the simple probabilistic model in which sequences are produced by a random source emitting symbols from a known alphabet independently and according to a given distribution. Our main result consists of showing that, within this model, full tree annotations can be carried out in a time-and-space optimal fashion for the mean, variance and some of the adopted measures of significance. This result is achieved by an ad hoc embedding in statistical expressions of the combinatorial structure of the periods of a string. Specifically, we show that the expected value and variance of all substrings in a given sequence of n symbols can be computed and stored in (optimal) O(n2) overall worst-case, O (n log n) expected time and space. The O (n2) time bound constitutes an improvement by a linear factor over direct methods. Moreover, we show that under several accepted measures of deviation from expected frequency, the candidates over- or underrepresented words are restricted to the O(n) words that end at internal nodes of a compact suffix tree, as opposed to the theta(n2) possible substrings. This surprising fact is a consequence of properties in the form that if a word that ends in the middle of an arc is, say, overrepresented, then its extension to the nearest node of the tree is even more so. Based on this, we design global detectors of favored and unfavored words for our probabilistic framework in overall linear time and space, discuss related software implementations and display the results of preliminary experiments.
|
['Algorithms', 'Base Sequence', 'Biometry', 'DNA, Fungal', 'DNA, Viral', 'Genome, Viral', 'Herpesvirus 1, Human', 'Models, Statistical', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 10,890,389
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.318.740.225', 'N06.850.505.200'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['B04.280.382.100.750.390'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['L01.399.750'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Class II correction in transitional dentition.
|
Correcting the developing Class II malocclusion and preventing abnormal relationship of the jaws and occlusal dysfunction by repositioning the permanent molars and incisors is a significant benefit to the growing child. Future orthodontic therapy is significantly reduced often to detailing or eliminated in some cases.
|
['Child', 'Dentition, Mixed', 'Humans', 'Malocclusion, Angle Class II', 'Molar', 'Tooth Movement Techniques']
| 11,323,876
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['A14.549.167.229'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C07.793.494.630'], ['A14.549.167.860.525'], ['E06.658.578.836']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Granulocytic immune infiltrates are essential for the efficient formation of breast cancer liver metastases.
|
INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer cells display preferences for specific metastatic sites including the bone, lung and liver. Metastasis is a complex process that relies, in part, on interactions between disseminated cancer cells and resident/infiltrating stromal cells that constitute the metastatic microenvironment. Distinct immune infiltrates can either impair the metastatic process or conversely, assist in the seeding, colonization and growth of disseminated cancer cells.METHODS: Using in vivo selection approaches, we previously isolated 4T1-derived breast cancer cells that preferentially metastasize to these organs and tissues. In this study, we examined whether the propensity of breast cancer cells to metastasize to the lung, liver or bone is associated with and dependent on distinct patterns of immune cell infiltration. Immunohistocytochemistry and immunohistofluorescence approaches were used to quantify innate immune cell infiltrates within distinct metastases and depletion of Gr1+ (Ly-6C and Ly-6G) or specifically Ly-6G+ cells was performed to functionally interrogate the role of Ly-6G+ infiltrates in promoting metastasis to these organs.RESULTS: We show that T lymphocytes (CD3+), myeloid-derived (Gr-1+) cells and neutrophils (Ly-6G+ or NE+) exhibit the most pronounced recruitment in lung and liver metastases, with markedly less recruitment within bone metastatic lesions. Interestingly, these infiltrating cell populations display different patterns of localization within soft tissue metastases. T lymphocytes and granulocytic immune infiltrates are localized around the periphery of liver metastases whereas they were dispersed throughout the lung metastases. Furthermore, Gr-1+ cell-depletion studies demonstrate that infiltrating myeloid-derived cells are essential for the formation of breast cancer liver metastases but dispensable for metastasis to the lung and bone. A specific role for the granulocytic component of the innate immune infiltrate was revealed through Ly-6G+ cell-depletion experiments, which resulted in significantly impaired formation of liver metastases. Finally, we demonstrate that the CD11b+/Ly-6G+ neutrophils that infiltrate and surround the liver metastases are polarized toward an N2 phenotype, which have previously been shown to enhance tumor growth and metastasis.CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that the liver-metastatic potential of breast cancer cells is heavily reliant on interactions with infiltrating Ly-6G+ cells within the liver microenvironment.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Chemokines', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Granulocytes', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating', 'Neutrophil Infiltration', 'Signal Transduction', 'T-Lymphocyte Subsets', 'Transcriptome', 'Tumor Microenvironment']
| 25,882,816
|
[['D23.101'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D12.644.276.374.200', 'D12.776.467.374.200', 'D23.125.300', 'D23.469.200', 'D23.529.374.200'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.393.332'], ['A11.118.637.415', 'A11.148.350', 'A11.627.340', 'A15.145.229.637.415', 'A15.378.316.340', 'A15.382.490.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.650', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.650', 'A15.382.490.555.567.650'], ['G12.632'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920'], ['G04.366.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Family issues in the pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa.
|
Factors residing in family systems have been implicated in the pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa. In this paper I critically review literature that bears on this issue: the transmission of anorexia nervosa in families; family stress patterns, personality and psychopathological characteristics of parents, parent-child interactions, and whole family systems. Much additional research is needed to accurately determine the precise nature of such factors and the extent to which they actually contribute to the appearance of this syndrome.
|
['Achievement', 'Adolescent', 'Anorexia Nervosa', 'Body Image', 'Communication', 'Diseases in Twins', 'Family', 'Family Characteristics', 'Family Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mental Disorders', 'Parent-Child Relations', 'Parents', 'Prognosis', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 7,089,153
|
[['F01.658.059', 'F02.784.629.054'], ['M01.060.057'], ['F03.400.125'], ['F01.752.747.792.110', 'F02.463.593.112'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['C23.550.291.750'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['F01.829.263.315', 'I01.240.361', 'I01.880.853.150.423', 'N01.224.361', 'N01.824.308', 'N06.850.505.400.400'], ['F04.754.864.581.273'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['F01.829.263.370.290'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['E01.789'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of a thrombocytopoietic-stimulating factor from kidney cell culture medium.
|
The chemical characteristics of a thrombocytopoietic-stimulating factor (TSF or thrombopoietin) found in serum-free kidney cell culture medium were further delineated by subjecting the TSF-rich medium to varying temperatures, different pH, and trypsin digested; the ability of TSF to bind lectins on affinity chromatography was also determined. After treatment, the TSF was assayed in immunothrombocythemic mice by its ability to increase the incorporation of 35S-sodium sulfate into newly formed platelets. TSF appeared to be relatively heat stable; incubation of TSF for 16 h at temperatures of 4, 37, and 56 degrees C showed no loss of TSF activity. However, after incubation at 85 degrees C, TSF was completely inactivated TSF in culture medium was stable of pH 1-8. Above these pH values, the potency of the TSF material decreased sharply. Digestion of TSF with trypsin completely destroyed the thrombocytopoietic-stimulating activity. For TSF purification, two different lectin-agarose derivatives were used; i.e., wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin A (Con A). Both lectins bound TSF, and the hormone was eluted by the sugars specific for the particular lectin. lectins, therefore, can be used to partially purify the hormone; a further 10 to 200-fold purification was achieved by these techniques. Since other workers have shown that TSF from plasma of thrombocytopenic rabbits will bind WGA and Con A, TSF from kidney cell culture medium and TSF from animal sources appear to have similar carbohydrate compositions.
|
['Agglutinins', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Concanavalin A', 'Culture Media', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kidney', 'Mice', 'Plant Lectins', 'Temperature', 'Thrombopoietin', 'Triticum', 'Trypsin']
| 7,227,478
|
[['D27.505.696.477.136', 'D27.505.954.502.270.232'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['A05.810.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.503.499', 'D12.776.765.678'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.750', 'D12.776.395.240.750', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.750', 'D23.529.374.410.240.750'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Supramolecular and Liquid Crystalline Contributions to the Assembly of Myofibril.
|
We compare steps observed during the fibrillogenesis of myofibrils with the sequence of steps predictable by a recent analysis of the structurization and functioning of striated muscles. The predicted assembly steps are based solely on fundamental equilibrium processes, particularly supramolecular interactions and liquid crystalline alignment of the rigid thick and thin filaments hosted within the sarcomer. Satisfactory agreement is obtained between several of the observed and the predicted fibrillogenesis steps. In several cases, however, the actual steps appear to be more complex than expected, evidencing the occurrence of transport and kinetic pathways that may assist the attainment of the equilibrium structure. The memory of the order of a precursor mesophase is imprinted during the remodeling of the surfaces at which the two sets of filaments are anchored. The relevance of the present analysis to the functioning of the myofibril is considered.
|
['Actin Cytoskeleton', 'Actins', 'Animals', 'Connectin', 'Humans', 'Liquid Crystals', 'Models, Biological', 'Myofibrils', 'Myosins']
| 32,075,335
|
[['A11.284.430.214.190.750.050'], ['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.324', 'D12.776.210.500.246'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.637.506'], ['E05.599.395'], ['A10.690.552.875', 'A11.284.430.214.190.750.620', 'A11.620.249.850', 'A11.620.500.500'], ['D05.750.078.730.475', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.750', 'D12.776.210.500.600', 'D12.776.220.525.475']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Measurement of Pseudomonas aeruginosa multidrug efflux pumps by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
|
Multidrug efflux pumps contribute to multiple antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pump expression usually has been quantified by Western blotting. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction has been developed to measure mRNA expression for genes of interest. Whether this method correlates with pump protein quantities is unclear. We devised a real-time PCR for mRNA expression of MexAB-OprM and MexXY-OprM multidrug efflux pumps. In laboratory strains differing in MexB and MexY expression and in several clinical isolates, protein and mRNA expression correlated well. Quantitative real-time PCR should be a useful alternative in quantitating expression of multidrug efflux pumps by P. aeruginosa isolates in clinical laboratories.
|
['Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Blotting, Western', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Humans', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Pseudomonas Infections', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 15,668,010
|
[['D12.776.097.120', 'D12.776.543.100'], ['D12.776.097'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.739'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Meal replacements are as effective as structured weight-loss diets for treating obesity in adults with features of metabolic syndrome.
|
Meal replacements are widely used as a weight-loss strategy; however, their effectiveness outside controlled clinical trial environments is unknown. We compared meal replacements with a structured weight-reduction diet in overweight/obese Australians with raised triglycerides. In a randomized parallel design, 2 groups [meal replacement (MR) and control (C)] of 66 matched subjects underwent a 6000 kJ intervention for 3 mo (stage 1) and a further 3 mo (stage 2). The groups were provided oral and written information. The C group was supplied with shopping vouchers and followed a low fat/energy diet. The MR group was supplied with Slim-Fast trade mark products for 2 meals (1800 kJ) and consumed a low-fat evening meal. Clients were weighed every 2 wk and received structured supervision without professional dietary input, with compliance assessed by 3-d weighed food records. Blood biomarkers were used to assess fruit/vegetable intake and a questionnaire was used to assess attitudes to treatment. Fifty-five subjects completed stage 1 (withdrawals: 7 in the MR group, 4 in the C group) and 42 subjects completed stage 2. Weight loss was 6.0 +/- 4.2 kg (6.3%) for the MR group and 6.6 +/- 3.4 kg (6.9%) for the C group at 3 mo, and 9.0 +/- 6.9 kg (9.4%) for the MR group and 9.2 +/- 5.1 kg (9.3%) for the C group at 6 mo (different over time within but not between treatments). Serum folate and plasma beta-carotene were higher in the MR group. Plasma homocysteine fell in both groups (P < 0.005). Dietary fiber intake was higher in the C group (P < 0.02) and calcium was higher in the MR group (P < 0.001). We concluded meal replacement is equally effective for losing weight compared with conventional but structured weight-loss diets. Dietary compliance and convenience were viewed more favorably by participants who consumed meal replacements than by those in a conventional weight-loss program.
|
['Adult', 'Body Mass Index', 'Carotenoids', 'Diet Fads', 'Diet, Reducing', 'Energy Intake', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Micronutrients', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Weight Loss']
| 15,284,372
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249', 'D02.455.849.131', 'D23.767.261'], ['G07.203.650.240.250', 'I03.287'], ['E02.642.249.285', 'G07.203.650.240.285'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.494', 'G07.203.300.681.500', 'J02.500.681.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Comparison of salivary cytokine levels in oral cancer patients and healthy subjects.
|
In order to find informative salivary biomarkers specific to oral cancer we examined expression of 4 kinds of cytokine in saliva. Levels of interleukins (IL-1beta, -6, -8) and osteopontin were measured by ELISA using whole saliva samples collected from 19 patients with oral cancer (9 men, 10 women; mean age, 60.9 years) and 20 healthy persons (15 men, 5 women; mean age, 32 years). Expression of the 4 cytokines was higher in patients with oral cancer than in healthy controls. The difference was significant in IL-6, in particular. The results suggest that saliva offers a potential target for a screening test aimed at detection of precancerous lesions.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Interleukin-6', 'Interleukin-8', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mouth Neoplasms', 'Osteopontin', 'Saliva', 'Salivary Proteins and Peptides']
| 18,360,107
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.443.591', 'C07.465.530'], ['D12.644.276.374.625', 'D12.776.395.700.837', 'D12.776.467.374.625', 'D12.776.860.300.762', 'D23.529.374.625'], ['A12.200.666'], ['D12.644.848', 'D12.776.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Over-nutrient environment during both prenatal and postnatal development increases severity of islet injury, hyperglycemia, and metabolic disorders in the offspring.
|
Prenatal and postnatal over-nutrition has emerged as a new health issue contributing to metabolic disorders in early development of the offspring. Accumulating evidence has suggested that adverse prenatal and postnatal environments gave rise to the predisposition to metabolic syndromes including hyperglycemia, obesity, and diabetes. However, little research has concentrated on the effects of exposures to both adverse conditions before and after birth of the offspring. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether prenatal and postnatal over-nutrition is able to cause metabolic disorders to female mice feed on high-fat/fructose diet (HFFD) as well as their offspring. Female mice were fed on either HFFD or a normal chow diet (NC), while their offspring were divided into four experimental groups as NC/NC, HFFD/NC, NC/HFFD, and HFFD/HFFD (prenatal/postnatal diet order), respectively. Both NC/HFFD and HFFD/HFFD offspring exhibited obvious body weight and fat content gain, hyperglycemia, and severe insulin resistance. Interestingly, when compared to NC/HFFD offspring, the HFFD/HFFD offspring exhibited more severe alterations in their metabolism and dysfunctions on pancreatic â-cells, suggesting a potential impact of prenatal HFFD on the programming of pancreatic â-cell deficiency in the fetus. Meanwhile, the results from HFFD/NC mice indicated that a balance diet after birth partially compensated the adverse prenatal HFFD impact. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that prenatal and postnatal over-nutrition increases severity of islet injury, hyperglycemia, and metabolic disorders in the offspring.
|
['Adiposity', 'Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Weight', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Energy Intake', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Female', 'Gluconeogenesis', 'Glycogenolysis', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Insulin Secretion', 'Insulin-Secreting Cells', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Obesity', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects']
| 26,048,534
|
[['E01.370.600.115.100.062.500', 'G02.111.130.134.500', 'G03.180.134.500', 'G07.100.049.134.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['G03.295'], ['G02.111.158.500', 'G03.191.500'], ['G02.111.158.625', 'G03.191.625'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['G03.442', 'G07.475'], ['A03.734.414.131', 'A06.300.414.087', 'A06.390.131', 'A11.382.625.092', 'A11.436.294.092'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of attitudes and knowledge toward mental disorders in a sample of the Chinese population using a web-based approach.
|
BACKGROUND: People with mental disorders often encounter stigmatizing attitudes related to their conditions. Stigma often represents one of the critical obstacles that stand in the way of delivering mental health care. The main aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes toward mental disorders in a sample of the Chinese population; furthermore, we also aimed to identify and explore the socio-demographic characteristics associated with specific knowledge and attitudes towards psychiatric disorders.METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was created and delivered through an Internet chat application over the period June-December 2017. The Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire and the Perceived Devaluation and Discrimination Scale were used to evaluate the participants' mental health knowledge and attitudes toward mental disorders.RESULTS: A total of 1087 participants were recruited in for our survey. The mean score of the MHKQ and PDD were (15.89 ± 2.69) and (33.77 ± 6.66), respectively. Univariate analyses showed that young people and rural residents tended to show more positive attitudes toward mental disorders with respect to older people and urban residents (P < 0.05). People with higher education levels, those who had contact with people with mental disorders, and those who learned about mental disorders by personal encounter resulted to have had higher MHKQ scores (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: In our sample of the Chinese population, negative attitudes toward mental disorders were often reported. General education programs may not be an effective way to decrease stigma, while anti-stigma campaigns targeted for specific groups, such as urban residents and the older people, should be carried out in the future in China.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'China', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Middle Aged', 'Rural Population', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 30,453,932
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['F03'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N01.600.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Rapid protein depletion from complex samples using a bead-based microfluidic device for the point of care.
|
Translation of sample preparation methods to point-of-care formats has remained a challenge. We present a plastic laminate microfluidic device for protein depletion from human plasma using ligand immobilized porous beads stored dry within a novel, pneumatically-driven mixer. The card design accelerated the protein depletion process from hours to minutes. Using immunoglobulin G as a model protein, we have successfully shown protein removal efficiency from spiked buffer between 70-80% and from diluted human plasma samples between 66-77%. Low non-specific binding of our downstream target ligand, immunoglobulin M, was observed with the spiked buffer and diluted human plasma samples. For future device optimization, the physical limitations to rapid protein removal on card were also explored. Bench-top experiments with improved mixing efficiency and a lower sample dilution factor achieved 99% IgG removal using the same amount of mixing time. This design can easily be adapted for depletion of other high abundance or interfering proteins by inclusion of other ligand immobilized beads.
|
['Adsorption', 'Analytic Sample Preparation Methods', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Humans', 'Immobilized Proteins', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Microfluidic Analytical Techniques', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Plastics', 'Point-of-Care Systems', 'Time Factors']
| 20,024,034
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['E05.196.059'], ['D12.776.097'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.463'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['E05.588.465'], ['D12.776.631'], ['D05.750.716', 'D25.720.716', 'J01.637.051.720.716'], ['N04.452.442.452.452.680', 'N04.452.515.360.652', 'N04.590.874'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Development of a viral concentration method for bottled water stored in hydrophobic support.
|
Several protocols have been described for the detection of genomes of enteric viruses from water using two-step procedures: membrane filtration and RT-PCR detection. However, these methods, when applied to bottled water, generally consider only the aqueous phase. Such procedures do not take into account the adhesion of viruses onto the hydrophobic container. Potential adhesion results in loss of viral concentration in the aqueous phase and consequently viral pollution is underestimated in such a system. A procedure based on the addition of surfactant to elute viruses followed by membrane concentration was developed to avoid this underestimation. Firstly, using poliovirus 1 as a model, this study demonstrated that the best solution to recover virus and/or viral genome is a mix of sodium dodecyl sulphate, a nonionic detergent and guanidine thiocyanate. Furthermore, temperature has a significant but low effect on elution. A positively charged 0.2 microm inorganic membrane composed of Alumina (Anodisc, Whatman) is also the best membrane to concentrate viral material before the detection by RT-PCR. Finally, the developed protocol gives significantly higher poliovirus 1 recovery rate than a reference protocol previously described (aqueous phase concentration on Zetapore). The difference can be explained by the recovery of the viruses adsorbed onto the water container.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Filtration', 'Humans', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Micropore Filters', 'Mineral Waters', 'Poliovirus', 'Polyethylene Terephthalates', 'RNA, Viral', 'Surface Properties', 'Virology']
| 17,374,404
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.022'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.409'], ['E05.196.454.403', 'E07.560'], ['D01.045.250.875.600', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650.600', 'D01.650.550.925.600'], ['B04.820.578.750.284.184.500'], ['D05.750.728.764', 'D25.720.728.764', 'J01.637.051.720.728.764'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['G02.860'], ['H01.158.273.540.859']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Evaluation on the method to test the sex-improve function and its key points].
|
The mating-test with normal mouse is one of the methods built to test wheather the type of sexual function improvement food could improve the sexual function. Through controlling the influence factor of the experiment such as the most suitabke mating time, the weights of mating mice, the mating temperature and the mating cage, and through making the female mice in different sexual response circle to be in the same, we got quite good results. The authors' study affirms the availability and dependability of the sexual function experiment method set by the authors' intitute.
|
['Animals', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'Gonadotropins, Equine', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Sexual Behavior, Animal']
| 10,325,619
|
[['B01.050'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.451', 'D06.472.699.649.451', 'D12.644.548.726.451', 'D12.776.780.451'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['F01.145.113.252.748']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)].
|
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic (TIPS) is radiological technique that has opened up new therapeutic horizons in the treatment of portal hypertension. Technically, the procedure includes catheterizing of the suprahepatic veins, prevalently right or middle, by means of transjugular access, and the creation of an intrahepatic path with the main portal branch. Later dilatation of the path by angioplasty and the application of a metallic stent at the site of the shunt complete the operation. Personal experience of 43 TIPS in 42 patients with a follow-up of 24 months is reported.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Esophageal and Gastric Varices', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Portal', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Radiography', 'Stents']
| 7,700,557
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C06.405.117.240', 'C06.552.494.414'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C06.405.227', 'C23.550.414.788'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.494'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.035.760', 'E04.100.814.868.937'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E07.695.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Therapeutic effect and risk factors for complications of excision in 76 patients with schwannoma.
|
BACKGROUND: Benign schwannoma is the most common tumor of peripheral nerves. However, the clinical course of excision and risk factors associated with postoperative neurological deficits are not well known. We evaluated the incidence of preoperative symptoms, the incidence of postoperative neurological deficits, and the risk factors of neurological deficits.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed data of 76 patients with schwannomas treated at our institution. We reviewed the clinical characteristics, and postoperative results, and determined the possible risk factors influencing the development of complications.RESULTS: Excision of schwannoma improved the Tinel-like signs in 47 of 51 patients and spontaneous pain in 14 of 15. Eleven of 17 patients with sensory deficits showed complete recovery, but six continued to show deficits with or without improvement. Motor deficits that were observed in four patients persisted in one. New neurological deficits developed in 21 patients and persisted until final follow-up in 8. Tinel-like signs was the risk factor of surgery-related neurological deficits (p = 0.009).CONCLUSIONS: New deficits developed predominantly in patients with preoperative Tinel-like signs. Attention should be given to patients with the factor.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Japan', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neurilemmoma', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 24,105,254
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.595', 'C04.557.580.600.610.595', 'C04.557.580.625.650.595'], ['E04.525'], ['C04.588.614.596', 'C10.551.775', 'C10.668.829.725'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mosquito infectivity is directly related to the proportion of repetitive DNA in Plasmodium berghei.
|
A strain of Plasmodium berghei (NK 65) was followed during syringe transmission in mice for over 120 passages after the last complete cycle, while the following parameters were monitored: (a) capacity to infect mosquitoes, inducing oocyst formation; (b) presence in the peripheral blood of morphologically identifiable gametocytes; (c) presence of a repetitive component in the DNA extracted from intraerythrocytic population. The suggestion of a possible role of this component in gametogenesis came from an earlier work (Dore, E., Birago, C., Frontali, C. and Battaglia, P.A. (1980) Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 1, 199-208). Present results confirm the correlation between proportion of repetitive DNA and infectivity towards mosquitoes with a correlation coefficient r = 0.92-0.07+0.04. A parallel decrease of the two quantities is observed in the course of syringe transmission. A limited number of cloned lines, derived from strain NK 65 at different times during syringe transmission, shared the infectivity properties of the parent strain at the moment of cloning, thus confirming that in the infective stage single asexual parasites from the schizogonic cycle are able to originate the whole cycle. The above arguments and results suggest that differentiation into active gametocytes involves amplification of a portion of the genome.
|
['Aedes', 'Animals', 'DNA', 'Kinetics', 'Malaria', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Nucleic Acid Renaturation', 'Plasmodium berghei', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid']
| 7,050,700
|
[['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['G02.111.619'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.461'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Infant room-sharing and prone sleep position in sudden infant death syndrome. New Zealand Cot Death Study Group.
|
BACKGROUND: There is evidence that the risk of sudden infant death syndrome is lower among ethnic groups in which parents generally share a room with the infant for sleeping. We investigated whether the presence of other family members in the infant's sleeping room affects the risk of the sudden infant death syndrome.METHODS: The case-control study covered a region with 78% of all births in New Zealand during 1987-90. Home interviews were completed with parents of 393 (81.0% of total) babies who died from the sudden infant death syndrome aged 28 days to 1 year and 1592 (88.4% of total) controls, selected from all hospital births in the study region.FINDINGS: The relative risk of sudden infant death for sharing the room with one or more adults compared with not sharing was 0.19 (95% CI 0.08-0.45) for sharing at night during the last 2 weeks and 0.27 (0.17-0.41) for sharing in the last sleep, after control for other confounders. Sharing the room with one or more children did not affect the relative risk (1.25 [0.86-1.82] for sharing during last 2 weeks; 1.29 [0.85-1.94] for sharing in last sleep). There was a significant interaction (p = 0.033) between not sharing the room with an adult and prone sleep position in the last sleep. Compared with infants sharing the room with an adult and not prone, the multivariate relative risk was 16.99 (10.43-27.69) for infants not sharing with an adult and prone, 3.28 (2.06-5.23) for infants sharing the room and prone, and 2.60 (1.58-4.30) for infants not sharing the room and not prone. The interaction between adult room-sharing and prone sleep position suggests that both exposures may affect the risk of sudden infant death syndrome through a common mechanism.INTERPRETATION: We recommend that infants sleep in the same bedroom as their parents at night to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome.
|
['Adult', 'Beds', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Child Rearing', 'Europe', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Maternal Behavior', 'New Zealand', 'Odds Ratio', 'Parents', 'Polynesia', 'Prone Position', 'Risk', 'Risk Factors', 'Sleep', 'Smoking', 'Sudden Infant Death']
| 8,531,589
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E07.325.220'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.318'], ['Z01.542'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['F01.829.263.370.215'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['Z01.639.760.815'], ['G11.427.695.525'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['F01.145.805'], ['C23.550.260.322.625', 'C23.550.260.657.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Gene transfection efficiency of tracheal epithelial cells by DC-chol-DOPE/DNA complexes.
|
We evaluated the transfection efficiency of five different cationic liposome/plasmid DNA complexes, during the in vitro gene transfer into human epithelial tracheal cell lines. A dramatic correlation between the transfection efficiency and the charge ratio (positive charge of liposome to negative charge of DNA) has been found. DC-Chol-DOPE was found to be the most effective liposome formulation. Therefore, a morphological and structural analysis of DC-Chol-DOPE liposomes and DC-Chol-DOPE/DNA complexes, has been performed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), respectively. The process of interaction between DC-Chol-DOPE/DNA complexes and human epithelial tracheal cells has been studied by CLSM. These results raise some issues for in vivo gene therapy.
|
['Cell Line, Transformed', 'Cholesterol', 'DNA', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Humans', 'Liposomes', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Phosphatidylethanolamines', 'Trachea', 'Transfection']
| 10,407,070
|
[['A11.251.210.172'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D13.444.308'], ['A11.436'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['D02'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.840'], ['A04.889'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Variable-interval responding in the horse: a sensitive method of quantitating effects of centrally acting drugs.
|
An operant conditioning apparatus for studies in equine pharmacology was constructed. Horses interacted with this apparatus by breaking a light beam and were rewarded with 30 ml of oats. Horses readily learned to use this apparatus and were trained to respond on a variable-interval-60 schedule. With this schedule, there was no direct relationship between the rate of light beam breaking and the reward. Horses thus developed their own individual response rates (ie, light-beam breaking rates), and these rates remained stable at between 5 and 35 responses/min for each horse over a period of months. The effects of 2 drugs on this paradigm were tested. Reserpine (5 mg/horse, IV) depressed the response rate in all horses tested. This depression was maximal between 3 and 5 days after treatment and lasted for up to 10 days. After small doses of cocaine (0.01 mg/kg of body weight IV), the response rate of 1 horse was stimulated, whereas 1 mg of cocaine/kg was required for maximal stimulation of response rate in another horse. Larger doses of cocaine inhibited response. Variable-interval response was a sensitive method of measuring drug effects in the horse and allowed accurate quantitation of drug effects that were not detectable by clinical observation.
|
['Animals', 'Cocaine', 'Conditioning, Operant', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Horses', 'Male', 'Methods', 'Reaction Time', 'Reserpine', 'Time Factors']
| 7,103,192
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['F02.463.425.179.509'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['E05.581'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['D03.132.436.681.933.500', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.933.500', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.933.500'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Early spinal bone loss in Klinefelter syndrome. X-ray computed tomographic evaluation in 16 cases].
|
The lumbar spine bone density (BMD) was assessed by single energy quantitative tomography in 16 young patients with non traited Klinefelter's syndrome (19 +/- 2.2 yr) and in 16 age weight- and height-matched control males. The BMD were significantly lower in the patients than in the control group (175 +/- 26 mg/cm3 K2HPO4 vs 204 +/- 26; p < 0.02). The authors found a significant correlation between BMD and plasmatic levels of testosterone and estradiol suggesting the hormonal origin of the osteopenia whereas no correlation was found with serum calcium, phosphorus or prolactin levels or hydroxy-proteinuria. Such osteopenia in young patients with Klinefelter's syndrome supports early androgenic treatment of these patients.
|
['Absorptiometry, Photon', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bone Density', 'Bone Resorption', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Estradiol', 'Humans', 'Klinefelter Syndrome', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Osteoporosis', 'Testosterone']
| 8,167,626
|
[['E01.370.350.700.024', 'E05.196.712.224.187'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G11.427.100'], ['C05.116.264', 'G11.427.213.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.706.316.795.500', 'C13.351.875.253.795.500', 'C16.131.260.830.835.500', 'C16.131.939.316.795.500', 'C16.320.180.830.835.500', 'C19.391.119.795.500', 'C19.391.482.629'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
In vitro organo-protective effect of bark extracts from Syzygium guineense var macrocarpum against ferric-nitrilotriacetate-induced stress in wistar rats homogenates.
|
BACKGROUND: Overconsumption of oxygen in mammalian cells often lead to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting from different mechanisms. Escape of scavenging enzymes/components or nutritional failure are the most important origins. Plant-derived molecules may protect biological molecules either by quenching free radicals, delaying or preventing the ROS formation or by restoring antioxidant enzymes activities. The present study assessed the antioxidant, phenolic profile and protective effect of barks extracts of Syzyguim guineense var macrocarpum against ferric nitriloacetate-induced stress in the liver, heart kidney and brain tissues of wistar rat homogenates.METHODS: Three extracts (aqueous, ethanol and aqueous-ethanol) from the barks of S. guineense var macrocarpum were used in this study. The spectrophotometric standardized methods were used to determine the free radical scavenging and antioxidant potential of the extracts. The protective properties of these plant extracts were also investigated as well as the quantification of secondary metabolites content (total phenolic, flavonoids and flavonols content). The HPLC method helped for characterizing phenolic compounds present in these extracts.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: All the extracts exhibited a free radical scavenging potential in a concentration dependent manner which varied from 15.18 ± 0.80 to 97.15 ± 0.71 % depending to the type of extract and the method used. The ethanol extract had the higher phenolic content (432.85 mg QE/g extract), including total flavonoids (961.66 mg QE/g extract) and flavonols content (25.12 mg QE/g extract) and higher total antioxidant capacity. Among the phenolic compounds present in the extracts, the HLPC profile revealed the presence of syringic acid and apigenin in all the extracts. The extracts demonstrated their protective effect mostly in liver and brain homogenates by delaying or preventing lipid peroxidation, restoring enzymatic activities and enhancing glutathione levels.CONCLUSION: The overall results demonstrated that the extracts exhibited significant antioxidant and protective effects in liver and brain liver homogenates.
|
['Animals', 'Ferric Compounds', 'Glutathione', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Nitrilotriacetic Acid', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Plant Bark', 'Plant Extracts', 'Protective Agents', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Syzygium']
| 27,561,333
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.490.100'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D02.241.081.018.588'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['A18.024.750.200'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D27.505.696.706', 'D27.720.799'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.773.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transcatheter treatment of tricuspid regurgitation using edge-to-edge repair: procedural results, clinical implications and predictors of success.
|
AIMS: The aim of this study was to analyse the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of tricuspid valve (TV) repair using the MitraClip system in patients at high surgical risk.METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty-two elderly high-risk patients (76.8±7.3 years, EuroSCORE II 8.1±5.7) with isolated TR or combined TR and mitral regurgitation (MR) underwent edge-to-edge repair of the TV (n=11) or combined edge-to-edge repair of the TV and mitral valve (n=31). Procedural details, success rate, impact on TR severity and predictors of success at 30-day follow-up were analysed. Successful edge-to-edge repair of TR was achieved in 35/42 patients (83%, 68 clips in total, 94% in the anteroseptal commissure, 6% in the posteroseptal commissure). In five patients, grasping of the leaflets was impossible and two patients had no decrease in TR after clipping. In those with procedural success, clipping of the TV led to a reduction in effective regurgitant orifice area by -62.5% (from 0.8±0.4 to 0.3±0.2 cm2; p<0.0001). In both patients with isolated TV and combined procedures, six-minute walking distance improved (from 285±118 to 344±81 m and from 225±113 to 261±130 m, p=0.02 and 0.03, respectively). Predominant anteroseptal or central TR was identified as a predictor of procedural success (p=0.025).CONCLUSIONS: Edge-to-edge repair of the TV is feasible with a promising reduction in TR, which could result in clinical improvement.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation', 'Humans', 'Mitral Valve', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency']
| 29,633,941
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.100.376.485', 'E04.650.410', 'E04.928.220.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.541.510.507'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C14.280.484.856']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Expression of myosin heavy-chain isoforms in the respiratory muscles following inspiratory resistive breathing.
|
We investigated the effect of inspiratory resistive breathing (IRB) on the expression of the genes encoding fast and slow isoforms of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) in respiratory muscles. Eleven mongrel dogs were studied for baseline MyHC messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, seven of which were also used to study the effects of IRB. For this latter objective, awake and spontaneously breathing animals were subjected to 2 h of IRB (80 cm H(2)O/L/s) per day for four consecutive days. mRNA expression was assessed in the diaphragm, external intercostal muscle, and a limb muscle, using both slot- blot and in situ hybridizations with isoform-specific probes. A current semiquantitative scoring method (from 0 to 4) was used to quantify the in situ mRNA expression levels, and slot-blot data were analyzed with densitometry. Prior to IRB, slow- and fast-MyHC mRNA expression was moderate, similar, and homogeneous throughout the different regions of the diaphragm, with scores of 1.50 +/- 0.54 (mean +/- SD) for slow and 2.13 +/- 0.35 for fast mRNAs in the costal region of the diaphragm, and of 1.81 +/- 0.37 for slow and 2. 13 +/- 0.64 for fast mRNAs in the crural region of the diaphragm. Although expression of fast-MyHC mRNA remained unchanged after IRB, the relative expression of the mRNA for the slow isoform increased in costal (+30%), crural (+12%), and external intercostal (+27%) muscles. MyHC mRNA expression did not change in limb muscles. We conclude that breathing with a moderate inspiratory resistance for a short period induces the expression of slow MyHC in respiratory muscles.
|
['Animals', 'Dogs', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Myosin Heavy Chains', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Respiration', 'Respiratory Mechanics', 'Respiratory Muscles']
| 10,764,323
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D05.750.078.730.475.100', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.750.249', 'D12.776.210.500.600.100', 'D12.776.220.525.475.100'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G09.772.705'], ['G09.772.705.700'], ['A02.633.567.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Role of vitamin D in children with hepatosteatosis.
|
BACKGROUND: The increasing incidence of obesity in children is a significant risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity-associated morbidity. Vitamin D has a major role in bone mineral metabolism and has antimicrobial, antioxidant properties. In this study we aimed to investigate the role of vitamin D in children with obesity with hepatosteatosis.METHODS: A total of 101 children with obesity were included in this study. Hepatosteatosis was diagnosed and graded using ultrasonography. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-(OH) vitamin D), calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, and parathormone were tested. Two-sided t test and Pearson ÷ tests were used for the relation between vitamin D and hepatosteatosis.RESULTS: In our study group, 45.5% were girls (n=46) and the mean age was 11.5 ± 2.8 years (range 3-17 years). Hepatosteatosis was identified in 58 children (57.4%). The diagnosis of grade 1 and grade 2 hepatosteatosis was made in 41 (40.6%) and 17 (16.8%) children, respectively. Median serum 25-(OH) vitamin D levels in children without hepatosteatosis was 16.4 ng/mL (interquartile range 12.4-24.8 ng/mL), whereas children with grade 1 and grade 2 hepatosteatosis had 25-(OH) vitamin D levels of 14.2 ng/mL (interquartile range 9.5-21.2 ng/mL) and 11.5 ng/mL (interquartile range 7.5-16.7 ng/mL), respectively (P=0.005). There was a positive correlation between insulin resistance and the grade of hepatosteatosis (P=0.03).CONCLUSIONS: Serum vitamin D levels in children with obesity with hepatosteatosis are significantly lower than vitamin D levels in children with obesity without hepatosteatosis. In this observational study we only refer to the association of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency with hepatosteatosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Body Mass Index', 'Calcium', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Male', 'Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease', 'Obesity', 'Parathyroid Hormone', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sex Factors', 'Ultrasonography', 'Vitamin D', 'Waist Circumference']
| 24,647,335
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['C06.552.241.519'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['D06.472.699.590', 'D12.644.548.587'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['D04.210.500.812.768'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.560', 'E05.041.124.160.875', 'G07.100.100.160.560']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of variable lighting intensities and colour temperatures on sulphatoxymelatonin and subjective mood in an experimental office workplace.
|
Workplace illumination is of paramount importance in determining the employee's productivity and well-being. Moreover, light exerts non-visual effects with respect to biological rhythms. In this study, we investigated the impact of different lighting conditions (500-1800 lx, 6500 K; 500 lx, 4000 K) on sulphatoxymelatonin (aMT6-s) and subjective mood in an experimental office accommodation. Urinary aMT6-s concentrations were significantly decreased at all days of the experiment in both lights. On day 3, differences between aMT6-s concentrations in specimen collected at 05:00 p.m. and at 09:00 a.m. were significantly higher under variable lighting conditions. Analyses of a mood rating inventory revealed a benefit of variable light with respect to the dimensions of "Activity", while "Deactivation" and "Fatigue" were increased in regular light on day 1. "Activity", "Concentration", and "Deactivation" changed in opposite directions when comparing variable with regular illumination on two consecutive days. In conclusion, variable light exerts a potential advantage in indoor office accommodations with respect to subjective mood, although no unequivocal differences in the profile of aMT6-s were found as compared to regular light.
|
['Adult', 'Affect', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Color', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Humans', 'Light', 'Lighting', 'Male', 'Melatonin', 'Neopterin', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Temperature', 'Visual Perception', 'Workplace']
| 18,164,275
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['G01.590.540.199'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['N06.230.150.410'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.202.500', 'D08.211.090.500'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['F02.463.593.932'], ['N01.824.245.925', 'N04.452.677.975']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Achieving visibility? Use of non-verbal communication in interactions between patients and pharmacists who do not share a common language.
|
Despite the seemingly insatiable interest in healthcare professional-patient communication, less attention has been paid to the use of non-verbal communication in medical consultations. This article considers pharmacists' and patients' use of non-verbal communication to interact directly in consultations in which they do not share a common language. In total, 12 video-recorded, interpreted pharmacy consultations concerned with a newly prescribed medication or a change in medication were analysed in detail. The analysis focused on instances of direct communication initiated by either the patient or the pharmacist, despite the presence of a multilingual pharmacy assistant acting as an interpreter. Direct communication was shown to occur through (i) the demonstration of a medical device, (ii) the indication of relevant body parts and (iii) the use of limited English. These connections worked to make patients and pharmacists visible to each other and thus to maintain a sense of mutual involvement in consultations within which patients and pharmacists could enact professionally and socially appropriate roles. In a multicultural society this work is important in understanding the dynamics involved in consultations in situations in which language is not shared and thus in considering the development of future research and policy.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Analgesics', 'Anti-Asthmatic Agents', 'Asthma', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Iron Compounds', 'Language', 'London', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nebulizers and Vaporizers', 'Nonverbal Communication', 'Pain', 'Pharmacists', 'Professional-Patient Relations']
| 24,641,161
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['D27.505.954.796.050'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.490'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['Z01.433.553', 'Z01.542.363.300.553'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E07.605'], ['F01.145.209.530', 'L01.143.649'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['M01.526.485.780', 'N02.360.780'], ['F01.829.401.650', 'N05.300.660']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Human liver cDNA clones encoding proteolipid subunit 9 of the mitochondrial ATPase complex.
|
Clones encoding the proteolipid subunit 9 of the mitochondrial ATPase complex have been isolated from a lambda gt10 library of human liver cDNA sequences, using a probe of Neurospora crassa cDNA encoding subunit 9. From nucleotide sequence analysis it is concluded that the amino acid sequence of mature human subunit 9 is identical to that of its bovine counterpart. By comparing the sequence of two cDNA clones (denoted human 1 and 2) to those of two bovine cDNA clones (denoted P1 and P2) recently described by Gay and Walker (EMBO J. 4, 3519-3524, 1985) it is evident that there are close sequence relationships between human 1 and bovine P1, and between human 2 and bovine P2, although both human clones are truncated at their 5'-ends. Thus, as in bovine cells there appears to be at least two human genes encoding subunit 9.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cattle', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA', 'Genes', 'Humans', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Mitochondria, Liver', 'Proteolipids', 'Proton-Translocating ATPases', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid']
| 2,883,974
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.461', 'A11.284.835.626.461'], ['D10.570.780', 'D12.776.816'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.325', 'D08.811.913.696.650.150.500', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.500'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multilamellar hydrodissection in phacoemulsification and planned extracapsular surgery.
|
Multilamellar hydrodissection is the injection of balanced salt solution into multiple lamellae of the lens, cleaving it into a small nucleus and multiple layers of cortex. In phacoemulsification, the smaller nucleus reduces phacoemulsification time, and the thicker bed of cortex provides greater protection for the posterior capsule. In extracapsular extraction, the smaller nucleus can be more readily extracted, which is particularly advantageous when capsulorhexis is performed. Creation of multiple cortical lamellae facilitates their aspiration, either with the phacoemulsification or irrigation/aspiration tips. Multilamellar hydrodissection increases the predictability and safety of phacoemulsification and planned extracapsular cataract extraction.
|
['Cataract Extraction', 'Humans', 'Injections', 'Lens, Crystalline', 'Lenses, Intraocular', 'Prognosis', 'Solutions']
| 2,231,369
|
[['E04.540.825.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['A09.371.060.500'], ['E07.632.500.460', 'E07.695.460'], ['E01.789'], ['D26.776']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Global protected area expansion is compromised by projected land-use and parochialism.
|
Protected areas are one of the main tools for halting the continuing global biodiversity crisis caused by habitat loss, fragmentation and other anthropogenic pressures. According to the Aichi Biodiversity Target 11 adopted by the Convention on Biological Diversity, the protected area network should be expanded to at least 17% of the terrestrial world by 2020 (http://www.cbd.int/sp/targets). To maximize conservation outcomes, it is crucial to identify the best expansion areas. Here we show that there is a very high potential to increase protection of ecoregions and vertebrate species by expanding the protected area network, but also identify considerable risk of ineffective outcomes due to land-use change and uncoordinated actions between countries. We use distribution data for 24,757 terrestrial vertebrates assessed under the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) 'red list of threatened species', and terrestrial ecoregions (827), modified by land-use models for the present and 2040, and introduce techniques for global and balanced spatial conservation prioritization. First, we show that with a coordinated global protected area network expansion to 17% of terrestrial land, average protection of species ranges and ecoregions could triple. Second, if projected land-use change by 2040 (ref. 11) takes place, it becomes infeasible to reach the currently possible protection levels, and over 1,000 threatened species would lose more than 50% of their present effective ranges worldwide. Third, we demonstrate a major efficiency gap between national and global conservation priorities. Strong evidence is shown that further biodiversity loss is unavoidable unless international action is quickly taken to balance land-use and biodiversity conservation. The approach used here can serve as a framework for repeatable and quantitative assessment of efficiency, gaps and expansion of the global protected area network globally, regionally and nationally, considering current and projected land-use pressures.
|
['Animals', 'Biodiversity', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Ecosystem', 'International Cooperation']
| 25,494,203
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['I01.615.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Caution in the use of boldo in herbal laxatives: a case of hepatotoxicity.
|
A case is reported in which a several-fold increase in transaminases and gamma-GT was detected in an elderly male patient with fatty liver. The patient was regularly taking a mixture of herbal products, used as a laxative, for a number of years, with no alteration of blood chemistry until 6 months before the present observation. However, the composition of the mixture had been modified by the manufacturer in the past 5 months, with addition of boldo leaf extracts. Transaminases promptly returned to normal after withdrawal of the laxative. It is concluded that boldo leaf extracts might be hepatotoxic, at least in elderly patients with fatty liver.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cathartics', 'Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury', 'Constipation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Peumus', 'Phytotherapy', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Leaves']
| 15,764,158
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.483.396'], ['C06.552.100', 'C25.100.562', 'C25.723.260'], ['C23.888.821.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.595.600.500'], ['E02.190.755'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.024.812']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of endurance training on beta-adrenergic system in three different skeletal muscles.
|
The beta-adrenergic receptor density (Bmax) and adenylate cyclase (AC) activity in the soleus muscle and deep red and white superficial portions of the vastus lateralis muscle were evaluated in a group of rats submitted to a progressive 10-wk treadmill running program (n = 19) and compared with a group of rats kept sedentary (n = 17) during the same period of time.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adenylyl Cyclases', 'Animals', 'Isoproterenol', 'Male', 'Muscles', 'Physical Conditioning, Animal', 'Physical Endurance', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta', 'Sodium Fluoride']
| 8,390,439
|
[['D08.811.520.650.200', 'D12.644.360.050', 'D12.776.476.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['G11.427.410.698.277.280'], ['G11.427.680', 'I03.450.642.845.054.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340'], ['D01.303.350.300.875', 'D01.857.725', 'D25.223.716', 'J01.637.051.223.716']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Isolation and structural characterization of Coryxin, a novel cyclic lipopeptide from Corynebacterium xerosis NS5 having emulsifying and anti-biofilm activity.
|
Herein we reported the structure and several properties of a new biosurfactants produced by Corynebacterium xerosis strain NS5. This strain was capable of producing a novel lipopeptide biosurfactant that we have named coryxin. The biosurfactant structure was characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). It contained a hydrophobic moiety of 3-hydroxydecanoic acid and a peptide part predicted as a sequence of seven amino acids including Asn-Arg-Asn-Gln-Pro-Asn-Ser. Coryxin lowered the surface tension of water to 31.4 mN/m, with a critical micelle concentration of 25mg/l. It was a strong emulsifier with an emulsification index of 61% against n-hexane. Coryxin showed antibacterial activity against test organisms belonging to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and disrupted preformed biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus (82.5%), Streptococcus mutans (80%), Escherichia coli (66%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30%). In conclusion, microbial surfactant from C. xerosis exhibited inhibitory and disruptive activities against biofilm formation that could be of use in biofilm-related menace.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Adhesion', 'Biofilms', 'Corynebacterium', 'Emulsifying Agents', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Gram-Positive Bacteria', 'Lipopeptides', 'Micelles', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'Surface Tension', 'Surface-Active Agents']
| 26,280,817
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G06.099.050'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['B03.510.024.250', 'B03.510.460.400.400.200'], ['D27.720.877.383'], ['B03.440'], ['B03.510'], ['D10.477', 'D12.644.365'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['G02.860.816'], ['D27.720.877']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lung nodules are reliably detectable on ultra-low-dose CT utilising model-based iterative reconstruction with radiation equivalent to plain radiography.
|
AIM: To determine if ultra-low-dose (ULD) computed tomography (CT) utilising model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) with radiation equivalent to plain radiography allows the detection of lung nodules.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-nine individuals undergoing surveillance of solid pulmonary nodules undertook a low-dose (LD) and ULD CT during the same sitting. Image pairs were read blinded, in random order, and independently by two experienced thoracic radiologists. With LD-CT as the reference standard, the number, size, and location of nodules was compared, and inter-rater agreement was established.RESULTS: There was very good inter-rater agreement with regards nodules ?4mm for both the LD- (k=0.931) and ULD-CT (k=0.869). One hundred and ninety-nine nodules were reported on the LD-CT by both radiologists and 196 reported on the ULD-CT, with no nodules reported only on the ULD-CT. This gives a sensitivity of 98.5% and specificity of 100% for ULD-CT with MBIR. The effective dose of radiation was significantly different between the two scans (p<0.0001), 1.67 mSv for the LD-CT and 0.13 mSv for the ULD-CT.CONCLUSION: ULD-CT utilising MBIR and delivering radiation equivalent to plain radiography, allows detection of lung nodules with high sensitivity. The attendant 10-fold reduction in radiation may allow for dramatic reductions in cumulative radiation exposure.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Pulmonary Nodules', 'Obesity', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking', 'Solitary Pulmonary Nodule', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 30,832,990
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.237', 'C08.381.540.148', 'C08.785.520.148'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805'], ['C08.381.884'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Being in another world: transcultural student experiences using service learning with families who are homeless.
|
Developing skills in cultural competence is a recognized theoretical strategy in schools of nursing. Nursing faculty know that students need to be sensitized to the concept of diversity; however, many are struggling with the best way to teach cultural competence. This article describes transcultural experiences from service learning clinical rotations at a family homeless shelter, described by students as being in another world. Student narratives provide valuable information about structuring clinical learning activities to promote understanding of cultural differences and similarities. Clinical experiences using a traditional model versus those using service learning, the role of reflection, and teaching strategies promoting transcultural learning through service learning are explored.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Clinical Competence', 'Cultural Diversity', 'Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate', 'Empathy', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Family', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Homeless Persons', 'Humans', 'Models, Educational', 'Models, Nursing', 'Narration', 'Nurse-Patient Relations', 'Nursing Education Research', 'Nursing Methodology Research', 'Poverty', 'Social Welfare', 'Students, Nursing', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Thinking', 'Transcultural Nursing']
| 17,416,719
|
[['F01.058'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['I01.076.201.450.350', 'I01.880.853.100.450'], ['I02.358.462.316'], ['F01.752.355', 'F01.752.543.500.500'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['M01.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.545', 'I02.903.302'], ['E05.599.645'], ['E05.318.308.502', 'F01.145.209.459', 'L01.399.250.660', 'N05.715.360.300.480', 'N06.850.520.308.502'], ['F01.829.401.650.600', 'N05.300.660.560'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.413', 'H02.478.395.413', 'I02.358.462.612', 'N04.590.233.508.613.413'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.634', 'H02.478.395.634', 'N04.590.233.508.613.634'], ['I01.880.735.634', 'I01.880.853.996.535', 'N01.824.600'], ['I01.880.787'], ['M01.848.769.685'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['F02.463.785'], ['H02.478.676.920']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Antimicrobial activity of a new derivative: N-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzenamine.
|
The activity of a new antifungal agent, an imidazolylmethylaniline derivative (XX H), synthesized by the authors, has been studied in vitro and in vivo. Antimicrobial data, in comparison with miconazole, ketoconazole and bifonazole, show antimicotic activity. The results are discussed on the basis of structure-activity relationships.
|
['Aniline Compounds', 'Animals', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Candida', 'Candida albicans', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Imidazoles', 'Ketoconazole', 'Male', 'Miconazole', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Rabbits']
| 2,076,654
|
[['D02.092.146'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['B01.300.107.795.095', 'B01.300.381.147', 'B01.300.930.176'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['B03.440'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D03.383.606.560'], ['D03.383.129.308.550'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synthesis, cytotoxicity and DNA binding of oxoazabenzo[de]anthracenes derivatives in colon cancer Caco-2 cells.
|
New oxoazabenzo[de]anthracenes derivatives were synthesised and characterised. Their interactions with calf thymus DNA were studied by UV spectrophotometric analysis and a competitive ethidium bromide displacement assay. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay, against colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2 cells). Among all the oxoazabenzo[de]anthracenes derivatives reported herein only the piperidino derivative exhibited strong DNA binding properties and cytotoxic activity with IC₅₀ values in the range of 16 ± 1.5 ìM (72-h treatment). In addition, the piperidino derivative did not directly inhibit topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II enzymes. The results confirm that the presence of the oxoazabenzo[de]anthracenes together with the piperidino functionality is crucial in exerting DNA binding and cytotoxic properties, hence demonstrating promise as a chemical scaffold for further development of new anticancer agents.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Benzoxazines', 'Binding Sites', 'Caco-2 Cells', 'Cattle', 'Cell Proliferation', 'DNA', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor', 'Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings', 'Humans', 'Molecular Structure', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 24,099,994
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D03.383.533.249', 'D03.633.100.209'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.251.210.190.160', 'A11.251.860.180.160', 'A11.436.140'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.388', 'E05.200.500.388', 'E05.242.417', 'E05.337.550.200'], ['D03.633.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Distal bowel surgical margin shorter than 1 cm after preoperative radiation for rectal cancer: is it safe?
|
BACKGROUND: The primary end-point of our randomized trial was sphincter preservation. The secondary aim was to evaluate whether distal bowel clearance < or =1 cm is safe after radiation.METHODS: The study randomized 312 patients with cT3-4 resectable low-lying and mid-rectal cancer to receive either preoperative irradiation (5 x 5 Gy) with immediate total mesorectal excision (TME) or chemoradiation (50.4 Gy, bolus 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin) with delayed TME. After anterior resection, pathologists prospectively measured macroscopic and microscopic distal bowel clearance.RESULTS: Macroscopic and microscopic distal bowel clearance, distal intramural spread, sphincter preservation, local control, disease-free survival, and overall survival did not differ in the two randomized groups. Pooled analysis of the two groups showed that the incidence of local recurrence at 4 years (median follow-up) for patients with macroscopic clearance < or =1 cm (n = 42) and >1 cm (n = 124) was 11.3% and 15.4%, respectively (P = 0.514); the hazard ratio (HR) was 0.70, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.23-2.07. The corresponding values for patients with microscopic clearance < or =1 cm (n = 51) and >1 cm (n = 101) were 9.6% and 17.6% (P = 0.220; HR 0.51; 95% CI 0.17-1.53).CONCLUSION: After preoperative radiotherapy, distal bowel clearance < or =1 cm did not compromise local control.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anal Canal', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Intestines', 'Leucovorin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Preoperative Care', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 18,766,404
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A03.556.124.526.070', 'A03.556.249.249.070'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400.800.350.450', 'D08.211.840.300.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Comparative examination of selected blood parameters from different sampling sites in high yielding cows. Practical usability of blood sampling from the udder vein for metabolic analyses].
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate different statements in the literature on the influence of the sampling site on various blood parameters in a larger amount of animals. In addition, the practical usability of blood sampling from the udder vein or other accessible veins (e. g. saphenous vein or tail vein) in comparison to the jugular vein for metabolic analyses should be verified.MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this purpose blood samples from 92 cows and heifers were taken from the jugular vein, the udder vein and the saphenous vein of the left and right hind limb at four different time points (from 3 weeks ante partum until 8 weeks post partum) and comparatively investigated.RESULTS: For five of the 16 investigated parameters (free fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate, glucose, creatine kinase, and calcium) partially high significant differences between the sampling sites became apparent, dependant on the moment of analysis.CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In metabolic analyses, which comprise the aforementioned parameters, the blood sampling site has decisively influence and has to be considered in the interpretation. The udder vein represents no alternative for blood sampling in high yielding cows for metabolic analyses. For obtaining meaningful results, the jugular vein has to be used for blood sampling, despite the higher procedural effort. An exception is the determination of the creatine kinase activity. Since defence movements of the animal's neck seem to have an influence on the local activity, the udder vein should be preferred as sampling site.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Chemical Analysis', 'Cattle', 'Dairying', 'Female', 'Mammary Glands, Animal', 'Phlebotomy', 'Veins']
| 23,403,755
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['E01.370.225.124.100', 'E05.200.124.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['J01.040.246'], ['A10.336.482', 'A13.589'], ['E01.370.225.998.110.625', 'E02.800.558', 'E04.665.150.625', 'E05.200.998.110.625'], ['A07.015.908']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Project Prescription for Hope (RxH): trauma surgeons and community aligned to reduce injury recidivism caused by violence.
|
The recidivism rate for violent injuries in the United States has been reported as high as 45 per cent. Based on a retrospective review, the 5-year recidivism rate at the Indiana University/Wishard Trauma Center is 31 per cent, and the 1-year recidivism rate is 8.7 per cent. Individuals who have been admitted with a violent injury are screened by one of the Prescription for Hope (RxH) support specialists (SS). If the individual consents to participate, the SS conducts an in-depth assessment of risk factors. The SS and participant identify personal goals and develop a tailored service plan, which is outlined in a formalized agreement. In the first year of the RxH program (June 1, 2009, to May 31, 2010), 64 patients were enrolled. The most-often referred community services are in the category of social integration (84%). The SS have a 99 per cent success rate in getting clients to initiate services; 82 per cent have completed the services and 12 per cent are still using the services. As of the time of this writing, 34 subjects have been in RxH for at least 1 year. One patient returned to the trauma center in September 2010 with a repeat violent injury; this represents a 2.9 per cent 1-year recidivism rate. In the first 12 months of our program we did not have any participants return with a violent injury (0% recidivism), and we have only had one patient return to date. We conclude that the RxH SS model may play a significant role in decreasing the recidivism of violent injuries.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Community Health Services', 'Female', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Indiana', 'Interinstitutional Relations', 'Juvenile Delinquency', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organizational Objectives', 'Recurrence', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Trauma Centers', 'Traumatology', 'Violence', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 22,964,211
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N02.421.143'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.360', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.360'], ['N04.452.822.400'], ['I01.880.735.479'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.452.615'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336.500', 'N02.421.297.195.480', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336.400'], ['H02.403.810.850'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900'], ['C26']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
DNA sequence analysis of an immediate-early gene region of the herpes simplex virus type 1 genome (map coordinates 0.950 to 0.978).
|
The nucleotide sequence of 4 kilobases of DNA from within the short region of the genome of herpes simplex virus type 1 has been determined. This portion of DNA contains the junctions of the terminal and inverted repeat sequence components with the unique sequence component and the 5'-regions of the genes which encode the Vmw 12, Vmw 68 and Vmw 175 immediate-early polypeptides. The transcription and translation initiation sites of all three genes and the 5' and 3' boundaries of the Vmw 12 and Vmw 68 gene introns have been localized on the DNA sequence and shown to be flanked by sequences which resemble those found in similar positions in other eukaryotic genes. For the Vmw 12 and Vmw 68 genes the promoters, the 5'-non-coding regions of the mRNAs, and the introns lie within the terminal and internal inverted repeats respectively while the polypeptide-coding regions lie in the short unique component. The introns consist largely of tandemly reiterated copies of a 22-nucleotide sequence: the Vmw 12 gene intron contains seven of these and the Vmw 68 gene intron five. The Vmw 175 gene is located entirely within the short repeats, of which those regions sequenced here have the extremely high G + C content of 78%, in marked contrast to the value of 66% obtained for the adjacent region of the unique sequence component. Prediction of the complete amino acid sequence of the Vmw 12 polypeptide, accounting for a mol. wt. of 9830, and of the first 523 amino-terminal amino acids of the Vmw 175 polypeptide has been made from the DNA sequence. The polypeptide-coding region of the Vmw 175 gene has an average G + C content of 80% but nevertheless specifies a wide range of amino acid types because of the maximal assignment of G and C residues to colon third base positions.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Composition', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'DNA, Viral', 'Deoxyribonuclease BamHI', 'Genes, Viral', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Viral', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Simplexvirus', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Viral Proteins']
| 6,290,591
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.080'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['D08.811.150.280.260.240', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300.260.240', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300.260.240'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708'], ['B04.280.382.100.750'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Heritability of biochemical kidney markers and relation to survival in the elderly--results from a Danish population-based twin study.
|
BACKGROUND AND AIM: We performed a twin study to assess the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to serum levels of urea, creatinine, urate and sodium in a population of 688 elderly twins (73-95 years). Furthermore, we tested the association between these biochemical values and mortality to examine the consequence of an abnormal biochemical kidney parameter in an aging population.RESULTS: A third to a half of the variation in the biochemical kidney tests is due to genetic factors except for creatinine in males. Survival analysis show that all four parameters influence mortality and values below reference interval for urea and urate have a more pronounced impact on survival [hazard ratios (95% confidence interval): 2.32 (1.03-5.26) and 3.56 (1.46-8.69), respectively] than values above [1.20 (0.87-1.64) and 1.50 (1.11-2.02), respectively]. Increased creatinine (above 130 micromol/l) and decreased sodium (below 136 mmol/l) also have a significant impact on survival with hazard ratios on 1.83 (1.13-2.95) and 1.56 (1.22-1.99), respectively. Between 5% and 44% of the measured values are outside the established reference interval.CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence for the importance of genetic factors in determining the biochemical kidney parameters in an aging population. Furthermore, our data shows that abnormal kidney parameters are common in older adults and results in a significant increase in mortality risk.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Algorithms', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Urea Nitrogen', 'Body Mass Index', 'Creatinine', 'Denmark', 'Environment', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Sodium', 'Survival', 'Survival Analysis', 'Twins', 'Uric Acid']
| 15,469,867
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D23.101'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.115', 'E01.370.390.400.100', 'E05.200.124.100.115'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['I03.784'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['M01.438.873'], ['D03.132.960.877', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.877']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
An automatic pulsed laser microfluorometer with high spatial and temporal resolution.
|
The paper describes an automatic pulsed laser microfluorometer with high spatial and temporal resolution, developed in our laboratories. The instrument consists of: (i) a nitrogen-laser-pumped dye-laser for the excitation of the fluorescence, (ii) a microscope with additional optics to focus the excitation beam on the sample and to collect the fluorescence, (iii) filters or monochromators to select the output wavelength, (iv) a fast photomultiplier tube to detect the signal, and (v) a dual time-scale microprocessor-controlled signal averager for the acquisition and processing of the signal. Examples are given that show the potential of the time-resolved fluorescence microscopy in studying, quantitatively and qualitatively, the properties of fluorescent molecules.
|
['Animals', 'Base Composition', 'Chromatin', 'DNA', 'Humans', 'Lasers', 'Lymphocytes', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Plant Cells']
| 6,737,469
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.080'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D13.444.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['A11.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Home Care for Cancer Patients During COVID-19 Pandemic: The Double Triage Protocol.
|
Patients with cancer have an increased risk of developing severe forms of coronavirus disease 2019, and patients with advanced cancer who are followed at home represent a particularly frail population. Although with substantial differences, the challenges that cancer care professionals have to face during a pandemic are quite similar to those posed by natural disasters. We have already managed the oncological home care service in L'Aquila (middle Italy) after the 2009 earthquake. With this letter, we want to share the procedures and tools that we have started using at the home care service of the Tuscany Tumor Association during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
|
['COVID-19', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Home Care Services', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Neoplasms', 'Palliative Care', 'Pandemics', 'Pneumonia, Viral', 'Psychology, Clinical', 'Telemedicine', 'Telephone', 'Triage']
| 32,240,755
|
[['C01.748.214', 'C01.748.610.763.500', 'C01.925.705.500', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.163', 'C08.381.677.807.500', 'C08.730.214', 'C08.730.610.763.500'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['N02.421.143.524', 'N02.421.539.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['C04'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['N06.850.290.200.600'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['F04.096.628.579'], ['H02.403.840', 'L01.178.847.652', 'N04.590.374.800'], ['L01.178.847.698'], ['N02.421.297.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Infants show early comprehension of basic color words.
|
Previous research has highlighted the difficulty that infants have in learning to use color words. Even after acquiring the words themselves, infants are reported to use them incorrectly, or overextend their usage. We tested 146 infants from 5 different age groups on their knowledge of 6 basic color words, red, green, yellow, blue, black, and white, using an intermodal preferential looking task. The results showed that infants show reliable comprehension of color words as early as 19 months of age. No order of acquisition effects were observed. In addition, infants' behavior in the task was facilitated by the provision of redundant noun information, "Look at the red car," and even general referential noun phrases, "Look at the red one," with greater looking to the target than when the color label was not presented in adjective position, "Look, red." The findings indicate that color words may be learned with greater ease than previously thought, verifying recent parental reports showing similar findings. The findings also suggest that 19 month olds have already developed an expectation that color labels should occur in adjectival position. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Age Factors', 'Child Development', 'Child, Preschool', 'Color Perception', 'Comprehension', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Regression Analysis', 'Verbal Learning']
| 30,489,137
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F02.463.593.932.217'], ['F02.463.188.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['F02.463.425.952']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Outline of the revision of ISO 15189 and accreditation of medical laboratory for specified health checkup].
|
GOAL which accredited medical laboratory aims at is to continue "offering useful laboratory's service for patient medicine and treatment or the health of the nation". The medical laboratory, administers a quality management system, is competent technically and offers laboratory's service to satisfy the needs of all patients and clinicians taking responsibility for the medical testing and treatment. International standard ISO 15189 is a tool to embody thought of its basic quality and scientific grounds about the test result, and it was published in 2003. A revision for one part was considered to be it, and it was published afterwards for ISO 15189: 2,007 in this April. On the other hand, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare announced that all insurance members from 40 years old to 74 years old must have a checkup by the specified health checkup that paid its attention to visceral fat type obesity from April, 2008. And, in a standard health checkup program, it is shown that it strengthens the quality assurance management of laboratory carrying out medical testing. ISO 15189 which prescribed quality and competence of medical laboratory is an excellent standard, and it is hoped that it can offer high quality medical testing data with using quality management system. Here, I explain both outline of revised ISO 15189 and accreditation of the medical laboratory for specified health checkup using with this standard.
|
['Accreditation', 'Clinical Laboratory Techniques', 'Humans', 'Laboratories', 'Physical Examination', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Quality of Health Care', 'Total Quality Management']
| 18,154,036
|
[['N03.706.110.070', 'N05.700.200.100'], ['E01.370.225', 'E05.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J03.520', 'N02.278.487'], ['E01.370.600'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['N04.452.955', 'N04.761.700.675', 'N05.700.792']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Nonnegligible increasing temporal trends in unprotected anal intercourse among men who have sexual relations with other men in Montreal.
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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to determine temporal trends in unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) among men who have sex with other men (MSM) participating in the Omega Cohort Study, 1997-2003.METHODS: The Omega Cohort Study was a longitudinal study of HIV-negative MSM aged 16 years or older and living in Montreal. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires and interviews every 6 months. Trend analysis using the generalized estimating equation was done for length of cohort membership (visits) and by calendar time for all visits, per type of sexual partner. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to measure the odds of increasing UAI per 6-month period.RESULTS: Among subjects who were followed for at least 4 years, UAI increased with regular seroconcordant partners (OR, 1.06, 95% CI 1.04-1.09), and any type of partner (OR, 1.05, 95% CI 1.03- 1.07). There was a nonnegligible increase in UAI with casual partners (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.09). For the analysis by calendar time, there were increases in UAI between with regular seroconcordant partners (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.05) and any type of partner (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.04). There were nonnegligible increases in UAI with casual partners (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.05) and with any type of partner except regular seroconcordant partner from 15.7% to 18.8% (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.04).CONCLUSIONS: There was a nonnegligible and consistent increase in UAI among Omega participants, between 1997 and 2003. Continuous trend analysis is important because it allows us to closely follow UAI and to implement intervention strategies that may help to stop or reduce the present trend.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Homosexuality, Male', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Quebec', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Unsafe Sex']
| 16,540,939
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.802.975.500.600', 'G08.686.867.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.176.791'], ['F01.145.802'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['F01.145.802.987']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Audiological evaluation of nonalcoholic, drug-free posttraumatic stress disorder patients.
|
Auditory functions of 32 Israeli soldiers with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were evaluated and compared with those of 32 matched controls without PTSD. The evaluation included peripheral auditory functions, tolerance to noise, and central auditory informational functions. Tolerance of intense auditory stimuli by PTSD patients was similar to that of controls. Significant differences were found between left and right ear central auditory functions in a subgroup of 13 PTSD subjects, but neither in other PTSD patients nor in controls. These findings are discussed in the light of previous research concerning abnormal responses to auditory stimulus in PTSD, hemispheric disconnection, alexithymia, and psychosomatic disorders.
|
['Adult', 'Arousal', 'Attention', 'Auditory Perception', 'Auditory Threshold', 'Combat Disorders', 'Dominance, Cerebral', 'Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced', 'Humans', 'Loudness Perception', 'Male', 'Psychophysiologic Disorders', 'Speech Perception', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic']
| 3,167,141
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F02.463.593.071', 'G07.888.125'], ['F02.463.593.071.173', 'F02.463.593.710.190', 'G07.888.125.173'], ['F03.950.750.249'], ['F02.830.297', 'G11.561.225'], ['C09.218.458.341.887.460', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887.460', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887.460'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.593.071.576', 'G07.888.125.576'], ['C23.888.592.700'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875'], ['F03.950.750.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Left ventricular flow propagation velocity measurement: Is it cast in stone?
|
This study aims to investigate the measurement of left ventricular flow propagation velocity, V p, using phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging and to assess the discrepancies resulting from inflow jet direction and individual left ventricular size. Three V p measuring techniques, namely non-adaptive (NA), adaptive positions (AP) and adaptive vectors (AV) method, were suggested and compared. We performed the comparison on nine healthy volunteers and nine post-infarct patients at four measurement positions, respectively, at one-third, one-half, two-thirds and the conventional 4 cm distances from the mitral valve leaflet into the left ventricle. We found that the V p measurement was affected by both the inflow jet direction and measurement positions. Both NA and AP methods overestimated V p, especially in dilated left ventricles, while the AV method showed the strongest correlation with the isovolumic relaxation myocardial strain rate (r = 0.53, p < 0.05). Using the AV method, notable difference in mean V p was also observed between healthy volunteers and post-infarct patients at positions of: one-half (81 ± 31 vs. 58 ± 25 cm/s), two-thirds (89 ± 32 vs. 45 ± 15 cm/s) and 4 cm (98 ± 23 vs. 47 ± 13 cm/s) distances. The use of AV method and measurement position at one-half distance was found to be the most suitable method for assessing diastolic dysfunction given varying left ventricular sizes and inflow jet directions.
|
['Blood Flow Velocity', 'Diastole', 'Female', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitral Valve', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 28,321,684
|
[['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['G09.330.580.295', 'G11.427.494.554.250', 'G11.427.494.570.295'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.541.510.507'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Embryonic versus adult myocardium: adenine nucleotide degradation during ischemia.
|
Neonatal myocardium demonstrates better recovery from ischemia than does adult tissue. We tested the hypothesis that developmental differences in adenine nucleotide degradation might facilitate recovery by quantitating depletion of high-energy phosphates in nine-day-old embryonic (n = 9) and 15-month-old adult (n = 14) chicken hearts at 15-, 30-, 45-, and 60-minute intervals of normothermic ischemia in vitro. Nucleotides adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate, and adenosine monophosphate and nucleosides adenosine, inosine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Several observations in metabolite degradative response to ischemia were noted. The embryonic myocardium maintained higher adenosine triphosphate and adenosine monophosphate levels over the course of the investigation than did mature myocardium. Moreover, the adult group showed an increase in diffusible nucleoside pool metabolites. Relative immaturity of enzymes responsible for nucleotide degradation may facilitate postischemic recovery by preserving nondiffusible high-energy phosphate precursors to participate in salvage resynthesis of adenosine triphosphate.
|
['Adenine Nucleotides', 'Animals', 'Chick Embryo', 'Chickens', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Coronary Disease', 'Heart', 'Myocardium', 'Nucleosides', 'Time Factors']
| 2,764,588
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138', 'D13.695.667.138', 'D13.695.827.068'], ['B01.050'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['A07.541'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D09.408.595', 'D13.570'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Obstetric Outcomes and Delivery-Related Health Care Utilization and Costs Among Pregnant Women With Multiple Chronic Conditions.
|
Our objective was to measure obstetric outcomes and delivery-related health care utilization and costs among pregnant women with multiple chronic conditions. We used 2013-2014 data from the National Inpatient Sample to measure obstetric outcomes and delivery-related health care utilization and costs among women with no chronic conditions, 1 chronic condition, and multiple chronic conditions. Women with multiple chronic conditions were at significantly higher risk than women with 1 chronic condition or no chronic conditions across all outcomes measured. High-value strategies are needed to improve birth outcomes among vulnerable mothers and their infants.
|
['Case-Control Studies', 'Cesarean Section', 'Chronic Disease', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Logistic Models', 'Maternal Mortality', 'Multiple Chronic Conditions', 'Population Surveillance', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Premature Birth', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'United States']
| 29,420,168
|
[['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.500', 'N01.224.935.698.653', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.500', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.500'], ['C23.550.291.500.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['C13.703.420.491.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A biological phantom for contrast-media-based perfusion studies with CT.
|
OBJECTIVES: Perfusion computed tomography (PCT) is increasingly getting popular with the advent of computed tomography (CT) systems with adequate temporal resolution and spatial coverage. We sought to develop a biological phantom for perfusion measurements in CT to design, improve, and validate scan protocols and postprocessing algorithms in vitro.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A special technique was applied to prepare and preserve a fresh porcine kidney. The kidney was connected to an open circuit driven by a peristaltic pump with the option to inject contrast material. We evaluated repeated dynamic contrast-enhanced CT acquisitions with different input flow rates and the relation to calculated parenchymal flow results of the phantom. Flow was calculated with 2 different algorithms. Identical scans were performed with a time interval of 1 year to check long-term stability of the phantom. Different bolus geometries were designed and bolus dispersion was measured for the setup using a tubing array.RESULTS: We found a linear relationship between the input flow rate of the circuit and the calculated phantom tissue flow with a correlation coefficient rr2 = 0.99 for both algorithms. Both algorithms resulted in very similar absolute values, the mean difference was 3.1 mL/100 mL/min. Perfusion measurements with contrast material injection and storage did not alter the phantom. The enhancement properties did not change over the time of 1 year. With our setup, it was possible to design typical bolus geometries as they occur in clinical practice. Bolus dispersion was small: peak enhancement and bolus width changed by about only 5% over 2-m tube length.CONCLUSIONS: A phantom for parenchymal flow measurements suitable for repeated measurements over a long period of time was developed. The setup allows the design of diverse bolus geometries with negligible dispersion.
|
['Animals', 'Contrast Media', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Kidney', 'Perfusion Imaging', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Swine', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 19,724,231
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325.192'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E01.370.350.710.600', 'E01.370.384.730.354'], ['E07.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Can I solve my structure by SAD phasing? Planning an experiment, scaling data and evaluating the useful anomalous correlation and anomalous signal.
|
A key challenge in the SAD phasing method is solving a structure when the anomalous signal-to-noise ratio is low. Here, algorithms and tools for evaluating and optimizing the useful anomalous correlation and the anomalous signal in a SAD experiment are described. A simple theoretical framework [Terwilliger et al. (2016), Acta Cryst. D72, 346-358] is used to develop methods for planning a SAD experiment, scaling SAD data sets and estimating the useful anomalous correlation and anomalous signal in a SAD data set. The phenix.plan_sad_experiment tool uses a database of solved and unsolved SAD data sets and the expected characteristics of a SAD data set to estimate the probability that the anomalous substructure will be found in the SAD experiment and the expected map quality that would be obtained if the substructure were found. The phenix.scale_and_merge tool scales unmerged SAD data from one or more crystals using local scaling and optimizes the anomalous signal by identifying the systematic differences among data sets, and the phenix.anomalous_signal tool estimates the useful anomalous correlation and anomalous signal after collecting SAD data and estimates the probability that the data set can be solved and the likely figure of merit of phasing.
|
['Algorithms', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Probability', 'Protein Conformation', 'Proteins', 'Signal-To-Noise Ratio']
| 26,960,123
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.318.370.800.875', 'E05.318.740.872.875', 'G17.800.500', 'N05.715.360.325.700.840', 'N05.715.360.750.725.750', 'N06.850.520.445.800.875', 'N06.850.520.830.872.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Use of an osteometer in the planning of a mandibular prosthesis].
|
For series determining of small dimensions at high accuracy a pistollike measuring instrument has been devised which is well suitable for planning mandible prostheses, for instance for obtaining the with dimensions of the mandibula corpus basalis or for example for determining the mesio distal diameter of the teeth.
|
['Anthropometry', 'Humans', 'Mandible', 'Mandibular Prosthesis', 'Prosthesis Design']
| 2,612,634
|
[['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['E07.695.510.500'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of intermittent nasogastric feeding on preventing aspiration pneumonia in ventilated critically ill patients.
|
This randomized, controlled study employed two feeding protocols for 107 participants in two intensive care units (ICUs) of a medical center to investigate the efficacy of intermittent nasogastric (NG) feeding in preventing aspiration pneumonia in critically ill patients on ventilators. The participants were randomly assigned to receive continuous (51 patients) or intermittent (56 patients) feeding. The primary outcomes, including gastric emptiness index and pulmonary aspiration index, were examined on Day 0 and Day 7 of the intervention. In addition, patients were followed up to the 21st day to evaluate the secondary outcomes, which included length of stay (LOS) in the ICU and airway status. The results showed that the patients in the intermittent feeding group had a higher total intake volume at Day 7 (p = .000), had been extubated earlier at Day 21 (p = .002), and had a lower risk of aspiration pneumonia (odds ratios: 0.146, 95% CI = 0.062-0.413, p = .000) than the patients in the control group. Participants being treated with a high dose of dopamine were 2.95 times more likely to get aspiration pneumonia than those receiving a low dose of dopamine (95 % CI = 1.076-8.107, p = .035). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups'; LOS. The results of this study provide evidence that clinical caregivers may use to make better decisions in terms of feeding methods for critically ill patients.
|
['Critical Illness', 'Enteral Nutrition', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Intubation, Gastrointestinal', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Pneumonia, Aspiration', 'Respiration, Artificial']
| 16,967,399
|
[['C23.550.291.625'], ['E02.421.360', 'E02.642.500.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['E02.585.412', 'E05.497.412'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['C01.748.610.529', 'C08.381.677.529', 'C08.730.610.529'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Interpretation of serum ferritin concentrations as indicators of total-body iron stores in survey populations: the role of biomarkers for the acute phase response.
|
BACKGROUND: Nutritional surveys use acute phase protein (APP) biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) to identify the influence of inflammation on the distribution of iron status biomarkers. Few, however, have examined which biomarker better identifies persons with spurious elevations in iron status markers.OBJECTIVE: We explored the relations of APP biomarkers to iron-status biomarkers in infants and school-age children.DESIGN: In screening surveys, we identified a sample of African American infants (n = 351) and Guatemalan school-age children (n = 375). We used a common set of APP and iron-status biomarkers to examine the association between the 2 sets of markers (laboratory variables).RESULTS: The overall prevalence of either inflammation or iron deficiency was <10% in both samples. The log AGP and CRP values were significantly correlated (r = 0.70), but the unexplained variance still was >50%. Serum ferritin-but not transferrin receptor, transferrin receptor index, or serum iron-was related to APP concentrations, but poor positive predictive value (<72%) and low kappa scores were found. Ferritin concentrations >1 geometric SD above the geometric mean were poorly predicted by either elevated AGP or CRP. Qualitative CRP analysis was not effective in identifying persons who had other indications of mild inflammation.CONCLUSIONS: These analyses show that a low prevalence of inflammation has little influence on the distribution of ferritin, and 2 common indicators of inflammation do not perform equally well in identifying persons who may have elevations in ferritin due to inflammation.
|
['Acute-Phase Proteins', 'Acute-Phase Reaction', 'Anemia, Iron-Deficiency', 'Biomarkers', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Ferritins', 'Guatemala', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Inflammation', 'Iron', 'Iron, Dietary', 'Male', 'Michigan', 'Nutritional Status', 'Orosomucoid', 'Pilot Projects', 'Predictive Value of Tests']
| 17,158,435
|
[['D12.776.124.050'], ['C23.550.470.099'], ['C15.378.071.196.300', 'C18.452.565.100'], ['D23.101'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['D12.776.157.427.249', 'D12.776.556.579.249'], ['Z01.107.169.454'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D01.490.600'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.500', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.500'], ['G07.203.650.650', 'N01.224.425.525'], ['D12.776.124.050.600', 'D12.776.124.790.106.640', 'D12.776.377.715.085.640', 'D12.776.395.560.742'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Antidiabetic potential of phytochemicals isolated from the stem bark of Myristica fatua Houtt. var. magnifica (Bedd.) Sinclair.
|
Phytochemical investigation of the stem bark of Myristica fatua Houtt. led to the isolation of a new compound 1 (3-tridecanoylbenzoic acid), along with six known acylphenols (2-7). All the compounds displayed moderate inhibitory activity on á-amylase and significant activity on á-glucosidase; however malabaricone B (6) and C (7) were identified as potent á-glucosidase inhibitors with IC50 values of 63.70 ± 0.546, and 43.61 ± 0.620 µM respectively. Acylphenols (compounds 3-7) also showed significant antiglycation property. The molecular docking and dynamics simulation studies confirmed the efficient binding of malabaricone C with C-terminus of human maltase-glucoamylase (2QMJ). Malabaricone B also enhanced the 2-NBDG [2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-2-deoxy glucose] uptake in L6 myotubes. These findings demonstrate that acylphenols isolated from Myristica fatua Houtt. can be considered as a lead scaffold for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Muscle Cells', 'Myristicaceae', 'Phytochemicals', 'Plant Bark', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Stems', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Resorcinols', 'alpha-Glucosidases']
| 29,789,207
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['D27.505.519.389.320', 'D27.505.696.422.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['A11.620'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.765'], ['D23.704'], ['A18.024.750.200'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.024.937'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.852'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.050']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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