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Step Care treatment for smoking cessation.
|
We compared the effectiveness of a ‘stepped care’ approach with increasing treatment intensity (‘Step Care’) to one with repeated treatments (‘Recycle’) among cigarette smokers interested in quitting smoking. Step 1 of the Step Care intervention consisted of a single counseling session, nicotine patch for six weeks and telephonic contact. For smokers not achieving tobacco abstinence 6 months after randomization with Step 1, the intensity of the intervention increased to four counseling sessions, bupropion sustained-release, nine telephone calls and three mailings (Step 2). For those not achieving tobacco abstinence 12 months after randomization, smokers received six behavioral counseling sessions, nicotine patch and nicotine gum, nine telephone calls and three mailings (Step 3). The Recycle participants received one session of health behavior counseling, six weeks of the nicotine patch and a telephone call at each step. 270 cigarette smokers were randomized. At 24 months after randomization using an intention to treat analysis, no statistically significant difference was observed in prolonged smoking abstinence between the Step Care and Recycle condition (16.9% versus 9.4%; adjusted OR = 1.88; 95% CI 0.88–4.01; P =0.10). Additional research is needed to explore whether a stepped care intervention increases long-term smoking abstinence rates compared with repeating the same intervention.
|
['Adult', 'Bupropion', 'Counseling', 'Female', 'Health Behavior', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Smoking Cessation', 'Telephone', 'Time Factors', 'Tobacco Use Cessation Devices']
| 28,158,558
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D02.522.818.110'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['F01.145.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.488.732'], ['L01.178.847.698'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E02.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
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In situ loading of ultra-small Cu2O particles on TiO2 nanosheets to enhance the visible-light photoactivity.
|
In this work, ultra-small Cu(2)O nanoparticles have been loaded on TiO(2) nanosheets with {001} facets exposed through a one-pot hydrothermal reaction. These Cu(2)O nanoparticles are well-dispersed on TiO(2) nanosheets with narrow size distributions and controllable sizes from 1.5 to 3.0 nm. Through XRD, TEM, N(2) absorption-desorption isotherms and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra, the Cu(2)O/TiO(2) nanosheets show similar phase structures, morphologies, pore structures as compared to pure TiO(2) nanosheets. Due to the loading of ultra-small Cu(2)O nanoparticles, heterojunctions are formed between Cu(2)O and TiO(2), which favors the efficient separation of photo-generated electrons and holes. Caused by the electron transfer from Cu(2)O to TiO(2), Cu(2)O/TiO(2) nanosheets show excellent visible-light activity, about 3 times that of N-doped TiO(2) nanosheets with {001} facets exposed. Furthermore, charge transfer rate across the interface of Cu(2)O and TiO(2) shows great dependence on the size of Cu(2)O particles. The charge transfer across the interface may be more efficient between TiO(2) nanosheets and smaller Cu(2)O nanoparticles. Therefore, the Ti : Cu = 30 : 1(atomic ratio) sample shows the best activity due to its balance in light harvest and electron transfer rate in the degradation of phenol under visible light.
|
['Absorption', 'Copper', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Nanostructures', 'Nanotechnology', 'Particle Size', 'Phenol', 'Photolysis', 'Porosity', 'Titanium']
| 22,945,479
|
[['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['J01.637.512'], ['H01.603', 'J01.897.520.600'], ['G02.712'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.595'], ['G02.740.685'], ['G01.374.710'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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Benzydamine N-oxygenation as a measure of flavin-containing monooxygenase activity.
|
Benzydamine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that undergoes flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO)-dependent metabolism to a stable N-oxide. This metabolite can be quantified with high specificity and sensitivity by using a simple reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay with fluorescence detection. Studies with recombinant FMO enzymes demonstrate that FMOI and FMO3 are the primary catalysts of benzydamine N-oxygenation, with minimal contributions from cytochrome P450 enzymes. Investigations conducted with human liver microsomes confirm that FMO3, in large part, is responsible for benzydamine N-oxide formation in this tissue. These features render benzydamine a useful in vitro probe for FMO activity in a wide range of tissues and cell types. In addition, benzydamine appears to be a suitable in vivo probe for human liver FMO3. This chapter provides a detailed account of the experimental protocol for determining rates of formation of benzydamine N-oxide by FMO-containing enzyme fractions.
|
['Benzydamine', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Oxygen', 'Oxygenases']
| 16,719,388
|
[['D03.383.129.539.487.130', 'D03.633.100.449.130'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D08.811.682.690']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Reflections on the dynamics of bacterial and viral contamination of blood components and the levels of efficacy for pathogen inactivation processes.
|
Blood transfusion safety has been increasingly improving during the past two decades. However, threats from both known and emerging pathogens require continual improvement and re-assessment of blood safety measures. In this respect, we are currently witnessing the broader implementation of Pathogen reduction technology (PRT) for blood complements. These methods, combined with existing safety measures, have helped to reduce the pathogen risks of transfusion-transmitted infections. Currently multiple reviews have compared levels of inactivation between different commercialized PRTs. However, to analyze levels of pathogen inactivation, it is necessary to understand the dynamics of infectivity as well as the modes of disease transmission by blood transfusion for various pathogens. It is well known that contributing variables include donor characteristics through the processing of blood components to ultimately the recipient characteristics, which create enormous variability in overall outcomes relative to disease transmission. The aim of this paper is to discuss bacterial and viral contamination of blood components in order to determine adequate levels of efficacy and subsequent disease transmission safety of current pathogen inactivation protocols that are designed to reduce the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections. In such a conceptual analysis, however, it is important to understand several contributing factors including the measurement of pathogen load in blood products and the dynamics, infectivity and disease transmission of various pathogens via transfusion of blood components and products. In many cases, the log reduction values observed do not truly reflect the extent of reduction in the levels of infectivity that are observed clinically. Results from clinical trials and hemovigilance programs upon routine implementation of PRT methods provide a more direct insight into effectiveness with regard to clinical relevance of in vitro spiking studies. These issues are briefly addressed in this manuscript.
|
['Blood', 'Blood Component Transfusion', 'Disease Transmission, Infectious', 'Humans']
| 30,220,450
|
[['A12.207.152', 'A15.145'], ['E02.095.135.140'], ['N06.850.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
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Prescription reporting with immediate medication utilization mapping (PRIMUM): development of an alert to improve narcotic prescribing.
|
BACKGROUND: Prescription narcotic overdoses and abuse have reached alarming numbers. To address this epidemic, integrated clinical decision support within the electronic medical record (EMR) to impact prescribing behavior was developed and tested.METHODS: A multidisciplinary Expert Panel identified risk factors for misuse, abuse, or diversion of opioids or benzodiazepines through literature reviews and consensus building for inclusion in a rule within the EMR. We ran the rule "silently" to test the rule and collect baseline data.RESULTS: Five criteria were programmed to trigger the alert; based on data collected during a "silent" phase, thresholds for triggers were modified. The alert would have fired in 21.75 % of prescribing encounters (1.30 % of all encounters; n = 9998), suggesting the alert will have a low prescriber burden yet capture a significant number of at-risk patients.CONCLUSIONS: While the use of the EMR to provide clinical decision support is not new, utilizing it to develop and test an intervention is novel. We successfully built an alert system to address narcotic prescribing by providing critical, objective information at the point of care. The silent phase data were useful to appropriately tune the alert and obtain support for widespread implementation. Future healthcare initiatives can utilize similar methodology to collect data prospectively via the electronic medical record to inform the development, delivery, and evaluation of interventions.
|
['Decision Support Systems, Clinical', 'Drug Prescriptions', 'Electronic Health Records', 'Humans', 'Narcotics', 'Prescription Drug Misuse']
| 27,549,364
|
[['L01.313.500.750.300.190'], ['E02.319.307', 'N02.421.668.778.500'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.625.500', 'N04.452.859.564.650.125', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.530.250', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.625.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.277.600', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600'], ['E02.319.306.500']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
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|
Inhibition of lordosis in rats by the antiestrogen CI-628 in the absence of progesterone.
|
A series of experiments assessed whether the ability of the antiestrogen CI-628 to inhibit estrogen-stimulated lordosis in adult ovariectomized rats depends upon its interference with the synergistic effects of estrogen with progesterone. In Experiment 1, the effect of CI-628 was contrasted in rats brought into estrus by a single subcutaneous injection of estradiol benzoate (EB) combined with an injection of progesterone (P) 42 hr later versus four daily injections of EB (without any P). CI-628 was given at the time of EB injection(s). CI-628 substantially and equally effectively antagonized lordotic responding in both conditions. In the absence of CI-628, rats receiving progesterone had significantly higher lordosis scores than the 4-day EB control animals. In Experiment 2, rats receiving CI-628 on only the first 2 of 4 days of EB injections had significantly decreased lordosis scores unless P was also given on the day of testing. This suggested that the EB from the latter injections was not acting as a progestin "mimic." In Experiment 3, lordotic responding stimulated by EB (without P) was inhibited by CI-628 in rats that were both ovariectomized and adrenalectomized. This suggested that adrenal progestins were not involved in the ability of CI-628 to inhibit lordosis. Taken together, the results suggest that the mechanism of action of CI-628 for the inhibition of lordosis does not depend upon its ability to antagonize an estrogen-induced increase in neural progestin receptors. Implications of this for estrogen-mediated behaviors, for which CI-628 has little or no antagonistic effects, are discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Castration', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Nitromifene', 'Progesterone', 'Progestins', 'Pyrrolidines', 'Rats', 'Sexual Behavior, Animal']
| 7,014,666
|
[['B01.050'], ['E04.270.282', 'E04.950.165'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D03.383.773.610'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.858'], ['D03.383.773'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['F01.145.113.252.748']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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|
Novel genetic variant in FTO influences insulin levels and insulin resistance in severely obese children and adolescents.
|
BACKGROUND: The global prevalence of obesity and overweight is increasing rapidly among adults as well as among children and adolescents. Recent genome-wide association studies have provided strong support for association between variants in the FTO gene and obesity. We sequenced regions of the FTO gene to identify novel variants that are associated with obesity and related metabolic traits.RESULTS: We screened exons 3 and 4 including exon-intron boundaries in FTO in 48 obese children and adolescents and identified three novel single nucleotide polymorphism in the fourth intronic region, (c.896+37A>G, c.896+117C>G and c.896+223A>G). We further genotyped c.896+223A>G in 962 subjects, 450 well-characterized obese children and adolescents and 512 adolescents with normal weight. Evidence for differences in genotype frequencies were not detected for the c.896+223A>G variant between extremely obese children and adolescents and normal weight adolescents (P=0.406, OR=1.154 (0.768-1.736)). Obese subjects with the GG genotype, however, had 30% increased fasting serum insulin levels (P=0.017) and increased degree of insulin resistance (P=0.025). There were in addition no differences in body mass index (BMI) or BMI standard deviation score (SDS) levels among the obese subjects according to genotype and the associations with insulin levels and insulin resistance remained significant when adjusting for BMI SDS.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that this novel variant in FTO is affecting metabolic phenotypes such as insulin resistance, which are not mediated through differences in BMI levels.
|
['Adolescent', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Mass Index', 'Child', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Humans', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Phenotype', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Young Adult']
| 18,794,893
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.365'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
[Clinical diagnostic value and diagnostic possibilities of visualization of the thoracic lymphatic duct using 113mIn-coind in cancer patients].
|
The diagnostic value of lymphoductoscintigraphy for involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes was assessed by intracutaneous injection of 113mIn-coind into interdigital spaces of feet of 82 patients with Hodgkin's disease and tumors of the uterus, breast, lung and testis. Disturbances in lymph flow in mediastinal lymph duct were detected in 39 cases. In 35 out of them, involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes was detected by X-ray examination. In 2 cases, metastatic lesions in lymph nodes were found during surgery, although X-ray examination failed to establish them. Application of 113mIn-coined lymphoductoscintigraphy should be recommended as a diagnostic procedure, because it provides sufficient information, does not interfere with main physiological functions, is simple and can be performed as often as required.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Female', 'Hodgkin Disease', 'Humans', 'Indium', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Lymphography', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radioisotopes', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Testicular Neoplasms', 'Thoracic Duct', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 7,179,844
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C04.557.386.355', 'C15.604.515.569.355', 'C20.683.515.761.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.381', 'D01.552.544.381'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['E01.370.350.700.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.496.749'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['C04.588.322.762', 'C04.588.945.440.915', 'C12.294.260.937', 'C12.758.409.937', 'C19.344.762', 'C19.391.829.782'], ['A15.382.520.301.750'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
Layout consistent segmentation of 3-D meshes via conditional random fields and spatial ordering constraints.
|
We address the problem of 3-D Mesh segmentation for categories of objects with known part structure. Part labels are derived from a semantic interpretation of non-overlapping subsurfaces. Our approach models the label distribution using a Conditional Random Field (CRF) that imposes constraints on the relative spatial arrangement of neighboring labels, thereby ensuring semantic consistency. To this end, each label variable is associated with a rich shape descriptor that is intrinsic to the surface. Randomized decision trees and cross validation are employed for learning the model, which is eventually applied using graph cuts. The method is flexible enough for segmenting even geometrically less structured regions and is robust to local and global shape variations.
|
['Algorithms', 'Computer Simulation', 'Ear, External', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Models, Anatomic', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Subtraction Technique']
| 20,879,390
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['A09.246.272'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['J01.897.280.500.545.129', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129'], ['L01.399.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.760']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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|
Trabeculectomy.
|
During a one-year period, 31 trabeculectomies were done in 25 patients. Of these procedures, 27 (87%) were done for chronic open angle glaucoma, three (10%) for congenital glaucoma, and one for chronic open angle glaucoma in an aphakic patient. Our overall success rate was 87%. Complications were few: only two of 31 flat anterior chambers persisted postoperatively. Visual acuity dropped significantly (two lines on the Snellen visual acuity chart) in only one patient.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glaucoma', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Trabecular Meshwork']
| 841,379
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C11.525.381'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A09.371.060.932']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Chromogranin A cell density in the rectum of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
|
In a previous study, chromogranin A (CgA) cell density in the colon of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was found to be reduced. It has been suggested that intestinal CgA cell density may be used as a marker for the diagnosis of IBS. The rectum harbours a larger number of large intestinal endocrine cells and is more accessible for biopsies than the colon. The present study aimed at determining the CgA cell density in the rectum of IBS patients. A total of 47 patients with IBS that fulfilled the Rome Criteria III (39 females and 8 males; average age, 38 years) were included. A total of 28 patients had diarrhea (IBS-D) and 19 had constipation (IBS-C) as the predominant symptom. A total of 27 subjects that underwent colonoscopy with rectal biopsies were used as the controls. These subjects underwent colonoscopy due to gastrointestinal bleeding (the source of which was identified as haemorrhoids or angiodysplasia; 19 females and 8 males; average age, 49 years), or health worries. The rectal biopsies were immunostained for CgA and quantified by computer image analysis. The CgA density in the controls was 206.3±22.2 (mean ± SEM), in all IBS patients 190.2±14.3, in IBS-D patients 188.8±14.7 and in IBS-C patients 195.3±34.1. There was no statistically significant difference between the controls, IBS, IBS-D or IBS-C patients (P=0.5, 0.5 and 0.7, respectively). The present study showed that although the rectum comprises the same endocrine cell types as the colon, attention must be paid when drawing conclusions regarding the whole large intestine from studies carried out on the rectum. This particularly applies when endocrine cells are investigated. As CgA cell density represents the total endocrine cell content of the rectum, changes in specific endocrine cells in IBS patients cannot be excluded.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cell Count', 'Chromogranin A', 'Colonoscopy', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Irritable Bowel Syndrome', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Rectum', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Young Adult']
| 22,992,886
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['D12.776.631.199.249'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.200', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.160', 'E04.210.240.250.160', 'E04.502.250.250.250.160'], ['C06.405.227', 'C23.550.414.788'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C06.405.469.158.272.608'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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| 0
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|
Color and pulsed Doppler sonography for arterial bleeding detection.
|
OBJECTIVE: Hemorrhage resulting from penetrating injuries in the extremities is the leading cause of preventable death in the modern battlefield. Development of methods for detection and localization of vascular bleeding is needed that could be applied emergently without special training outside the hospital setting. Our objective was to assess whether Doppler sonography can provide quantitative parameters that characterize the bleeding site in the extremities.METHODS: Twenty-four rabbit femoral arteries (diameter of approximately 1 mm) were punctured transcutaneously with an 18-gauge needle. Doppler interrogations were performed at 5 locations in the injured vessels (site of injury, distal and proximal locations relative to the injury, and neck and tip of the bleeding jet).RESULTS: Compared with the normal signals obtained before the vessel was punctured, pulsed Doppler observations of the injury site showed a statistically significant increase in the systolic and diastolic velocities (systolic: mean +/- SD, 30.1 +/- 12.5 cm/s [injury] versus 15.1 +/- 4.2 cm/s [normal]; diastolic: 17.8 +/- 6.5 cm/s [injury] versus 0.7 cm/s [normal]). Similar increases in velocities were observed at the neck of the bleeding jet, whereas the tip of the bleeding jet showed venouslike patterns. These patterns are unique only at the bleeding site. Color Doppler observations showed turbulence (in the form of checkered color patterns) localized at the injury site.CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that both color and pulsed Doppler sonography can be used to accurately localize the site of injury, which may facilitate application of hemorrhage control therapies in battlefield situations.
|
['Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Femoral Artery', 'Hemorrhage', 'Military Medicine', 'Rabbits', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed', 'Wounds, Penetrating']
| 17,646,364
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A07.015.114.351'], ['C23.550.414'], ['H02.403.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850.850'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.860'], ['C26.986']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gap junctions in rat sublingual gland.
|
Gap junctions were observed in rat sublingual gland to link serous cells to serous cells, mucous cells to mucous cells, and myoepithelial cells to myoepithelial cells. In addition to connecting homologous cells, gap junctions were present between conterminous serous and mucous cells. Since the rat sublingual gland is innervated solely by parasympathetic nerves, the presence of gap junctions between disparate secretory cell types raises the possibility that serous and mucous cells in this organ secrete simultaneously in response to parasympathetic stimulation.
|
['Animals', 'Intercellular Junctions', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Parasympathetic Nervous System', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sublingual Gland']
| 3,954,060
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.149.165.420'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A08.800.050.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['A03.556.500.760.687', 'A10.336.779.687', 'A14.549.760.687']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Maternal viral mimetic administration at the beginning of fetal hypothalamic nuclei development accelerates puberty in female rat offspring.
|
This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal viral infection during a critical time window of fetal hypothalamic development on timing of puberty in the female offspring. For that purpose, a viral mimetic (i.e., synthetic double-strand RNA, namely, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, poly (I:C)) or saline was injected (i.p.) to the pregnant rats during the beginning (day 12 of pregnancy, n = 5 for each group) or at the end of this time window (day 14 of pregnancy, n = 5 for each group). Four study groups were formed from the female pups (n = 9-10 pups/group). Following weaning of pups, vaginal opening and vaginal smearing was studied daily until 2 sequential estrous cycles were observed. During the second diestrus phase, blood samples were taken for progesterone, leptin, corticosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. Maternal poly (I:C) injection on day 12 of pregnancy increased body mass and reduced the time to puberty in the female offspring. Neither poly (I:C) nor timing of injection affected other parameters studied (p > 0.05). It has been shown for the first time that maternal viral infection during the beginning of fetal hypothalamic development might hasten puberty by increasing body mass in rat offspring.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Biomimetic Materials', 'Estrous Cycle', 'Female', 'Fetal Development', 'Hypothalamus', 'Maternal Exposure', 'Mothers', 'Pregnancy', 'Puberty', 'Rats', 'Time Factors', 'Viruses']
| 28,825,971
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['J01.637.087'], ['G08.686.195'], ['G07.345.500.325.235', 'G08.686.784.170.157'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['N06.850.460.350.145'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.760', 'G08.686.841.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.910.857'], ['B04']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cattle abortions update.
|
This focus article has been prepared by Arthur Otter of the Cattle Expert Group at the APHA.
|
['Abortion, Veterinary', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Female', 'Government Agencies', 'Pregnancy', 'Sentinel Surveillance', 'United Kingdom']
| 32,527,893
|
[['C13.703.039.422', 'C22.021'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['I01.409.418', 'N03.540.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700.650', 'E05.318.650', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625.650', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700.650', 'N06.850.520.699', 'N06.850.780.675.650'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Risk factors of prematurity related life style. Apropos of INSERM surveys in the Rhone-Alpes area].
|
Based on INSERM epidemiological surveys, the authors study the risk of prematurity related to the maternal way of life. The prematurity rate is higher in women younger than 20 years, in women of foreign overseas origin, in unmarried women living in couple or alone, and in women of low socio-economic classes. Work during pregnancy is not in itself a risk factor as women at home present a higher prematurity rate than women at work. However, the strenuous working conditions, which concern about 20% of pregnant women at work, lead to a higher prematurity rate. Other factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, travelling and housework are studied. The role of psychological modifications linked to pregnancy is discussed, particularly in women who do not present any medical factor. From these data, suggestions are made in order to improve prematurity prevention.
|
['Female', 'France', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Life Style', 'Maternal Age', 'Pregnancy', 'Preventive Medicine', 'Psychophysiologic Disorders', 'Risk Factors', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Work']
| 3,671,027
|
[['Z01.542.286'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['F01.829.458'], ['G08.686.560', 'N05.715.350.075.550', 'N06.850.490.250.550'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['H02.403.720.750'], ['C23.888.592.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['I03.946']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia in children: prognostic factors and results of chemotherapy.
|
Twenty-nine children (age range 1-14, median 8 years) with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) were induced in remission with daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside. Twenty-three (79.3%) patients achieved complete remission (CR) and were administered two cycles of the same drugs as consolidation therapy; no maintenance treatment was given. Three (10.3%) patients died during induction; 3 (10.3%) patients were resistant to therapy. Multivariate analysis showed that female sex, TLC less than 50 X 10(9)/L, absence of in ection, albumin greater than 3.5 g/dl and high myeloperoxidase activity had a favourable influence on achievement of CR. TLC less than 50 X 10(9)/L and albumin greater than 3.5 g/dl also had a favourable prognostic value. Eight patients are alive between 13 and 32 months with overall survival at 2 years being 27.5%; four patients are free of disease with projected DFS at 2 years being 13.7%. The present data indicates the need for newer approaches to improve the long term survival in childhood ANLL.
|
['Adolescent', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cytarabine', 'Daunorubicin', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Remission Induction']
| 2,361,737
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.453', 'D13.570.065.300', 'D13.570.685.245.453'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200', 'D04.615.562.050.200', 'D09.408.051.059.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['E01.789'], ['E02.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Db-binding peptides from influenza virus: effect of non-anchor residues on stability and immunodominance.
|
Relative affinities were determined for the interaction of H-2Db with all the peptides from the A/PR/8/34 strain of influenza virus that contained the Db-binding motif. The results indicated that, even though 23 peptides with the appropriate motif were identified and analysed, binding of only five of them could be detected at peptide concentrations lower than 10(-7) M. Of these five, only one, TGICNQNII, bound with better affinity than the nucleoprotein-derived natural epitope, ASNENMETM. The origin of the higher binding peptide was the influenza neuraminidase, a protein for which little cytosolic processing would be expected since it is a surface glycoprotein. To establish why many of the influenza-derived peptides did not bind, the role of non-anchor residues on Db-peptide interactions was analysed, using a scheme where QDIENEEKI, a non-binding peptide from the influenza virus polymerase 1, was sequentially converted to ASNENMETI, which binds to Db with an affinity similar to that of ASNENMETM. Although all positions examined influenced peptide binding, peptide residue no. 2 (P2) was of particular importance. Therefore, each of the 20 naturally occurring amino acids were inserted at this position to investigate their effects on peptide-MHC interaction. The results indicated that amino acids having side chains with charged or ring structures were deleterious, while non-polar and polar residues were either neutral or facilitated binding to different degrees. Our data also indicated that every residue of the peptide contributes to the stability of the MHC-peptide complex, and the final affinity is dependent on the nature of the amino acids at each position, not just on those at a small number of anchor positions. The results also suggested that increased stability, as indicated by the half-life of the peptide-MHC class I complex, might play an important role in selecting the immunodominant epitope.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antigens, Viral', 'Epitope Mapping', 'H-2 Antigens', 'Influenza A virus', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptides', 'Protein Binding', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 7,643,854
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.327'], ['E05.478.274', 'E05.601.690.300'], ['D23.050.301.500.100.350', 'D23.050.301.500.400.199', 'D23.050.705.552.100.350', 'D23.050.705.552.410.199'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Academic health centers and care of undocumented immigrants in the United States: servant leaders or uncourageous followers?
|
Public dialogue and debate about the health care overhaul in the United States is centered on one contentious question: Is there a moral obligation to ensure that all people (including undocumented immigrants) within its borders have access to affordable health care? For academic health centers (AHCs), which often provide safety-net care to the uninsured, this question has moral and social implications. An estimated 11 million undocumented immigrants living in the United States (80% of whom are Latino) are uninsured and currently prohibited from purchasing exchange coverage under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, even at full cost. The authors attempt to dispel the many misconceptions and distorted assumptions surrounding the use of health services by this vulnerable population. The authors also suggest that AHCs need to recalibrate their mission to focus on social accountability as well as the ethical and humanistic practice of medicine for all people, recognizing the significance of inclusion over exclusion in making progress on population health and health care. AHCs play a crucial role, both in educational policy and as a safety-net provider, in reducing health disparities that negatively impact vulnerable populations. Better health for all is possible through better alignment, collaboration, and partnering with other AHCs and safety-net providers. Through servant leadership, AHCs can be the leaders that this change imperative demands.
|
['Academic Medical Centers', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Emigrants and Immigrants', 'Female', 'Health Care Reform', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Healthcare Disparities', 'Humans', 'Leadership', 'Male', 'Medically Uninsured', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act', 'Social Responsibility', 'United States', 'Vulnerable Populations']
| 24,556,781
|
[['N02.278.020'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['M01.189'], ['I01.655.500.608.400.285', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400.285', 'N03.349.285', 'N03.623.500.608.428.285', 'N04.590.374.285', 'N05.300.380'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['N04.590.374.380', 'N05.300.493'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.609'], ['M01.385'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.918', 'N03.706.615.806'], ['F01.829.500.760', 'K01.752.566.869'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.965']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A comparative evaluation of modelling strategies for the effect of treatment and host interactions on the spread of drug resistance.
|
The evolutionary responses of infectious pathogens often have ruinous consequences for the control of disease spread in the population. Drug resistance is a well-documented instance that is generally driven by the selective pressure of drugs on both the replication of the pathogen within hosts and its transmission between hosts. Management of drug resistance therefore requires the development of treatment strategies that can impede the emergence and spread of resistance in the population. This study evaluates various treatment strategies for influenza infection as a case study by comparing the long-term epidemiological outcomes predicted by deterministic and stochastic versions of a homogeneously mixing (mean-field) model and those predicted by a heterogeneous model that incorporates spatial pair-wise correlation. We discuss the importance of three major parameters in our evaluation: the basic reproduction number, the population level of treatment, and the degree of clustering as a key parameter determining the structure of heterogeneous interactions. The results show that, as a common feature in all models, high treatment levels during the early stages of disease outset can result in large resistant outbreaks, with the possibility of a second wave of infection appearing in the pair-approximation model. Our simulations demonstrate that, if the basic reproduction number exceeds a threshold value, the population-wide spread of the resistant pathogen emerges more rapidly in the pair-approximation model with significantly lower treatment levels than in the homogeneous models. We tested an antiviral strategy that delays the onset of aggressive treatment for a certain amount of time after the onset of the outbreak. The findings indicate that the overall disease incidence is reduced as the degree of clustering increases, and a longer delay should be considered for implementing the large-scale treatment.
|
['Antiviral Agents', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Resistance, Viral', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Humans', 'Influenza, Human', 'Models, Biological', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Orthomyxoviridae']
| 19,344,730
|
[['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['N06.850.290'], ['E02.319.283'], ['G06.225.420', 'G06.920.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269.420'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['B04.820.480.968']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Massed practice versus massed practice with stimulation: effects on upper extremity function and cortical plasticity in individuals with incomplete cervical spinal cord injury.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of massed practice (MP) versus massed practice combined with somatosensory stimulation (MP+SS) on cortical plasticity and function in persons with incomplete tetraplegia.METHODS: Ten subjects were assigned to either MP or MP+SS. Median nerve stimulation (500 ms train, 10 Hz, 1 ms pulse duration) was delivered at the intensity eliciting a motor threshold response. Training sessions were 5 d/week for 3 weeks at 2 h/session. Outcome measures included 1) motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), motor threshold (MT) and MEP amplitude at 1.2 MT; 2) maximal pinch grip force; 3) Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) and Jebsen Hand Function Test.RESULTS: The MP+SS group demonstrated significant improvements (P < 0.05) in pinch grip strength (190%), WMFT scores (52%), and Jebsen test scores (33%), whereas the MP group demonstrated significant improvement (P < 0.05) only in Jebsen test scores (11%). No significant changes were detected in cortical excitability in the MP+SS or MP group.CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this preliminary study suggest that MP+SS results in greater increases in pinch strength and timed functional test scores than MP. Optimal stimulation paradigms and training methods are needed to further test this strategy.
|
['Aged', 'Cervical Vertebrae', 'Electric Stimulation Therapy', 'Evoked Potentials, Motor', 'Female', 'Hand', 'Hand Strength', 'Humans', 'Magnetics', 'Male', 'Median Nerve', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Activity', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Pilot Projects', 'Quadriplegia', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Spinal Cord Injuries']
| 15,673,842
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A02.835.232.834.151'], ['E02.331', 'E02.779.468', 'E02.831.535.468'], ['G07.265.216.500.385', 'G11.561.200.500.385'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['E01.370.600.425.500', 'G11.427.560.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.671.493'], ['A08.800.800.720.050.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['G11.561.638'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['C10.597.622.760', 'C23.888.592.636.786'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Accumulation of leukotriene C4 and histamine in human allergic skin reactions.
|
To determine whether lipoxygenase products of arachidonic acid metabolism are released in vivo during human allergic cutaneous reactions, we serially assayed chamber fluid placed over denuded skin sites for the presence of both C-6 peptide leukotrienes (e.g., LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4), using radioimmune assay and HPLC separation, and compared it to histamine (assayed radioenzymatically) in 13 atopic and two nonatopic volunteers. Skin chamber sites challenged with ragweed or grass pollen antigen (250-750 protein nitrogen units/ml) for the first hour and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for the next 3 h were assayed hourly and compared to sites challenged with PBS alone. As assessed by HPLC, LTC4 composed greater than 85% of the C-6 peptide leukotriene released at any skin site, whereas little LTD4 or LTE4 was detected. LTC4 was present in significantly greater concentrations at antigen sites as compared to PBS-challenged sites throughout the 4-h period. Minimal concentrations of LTB4 were found throughout this time period and were not different at antigen or PBS sites. Histamine was present in significantly greater concentrations at antigen rather than PBS sites, but the pattern of release was different from that of LTC4. Peak histamine release invariably occurred during the first hour and decreased progressively thereafter, whereas the greatest amounts of LTC4 were detected during the 2nd to 4th hours. The amount of LTC4 accumulating at the site was dependent upon the dosage of antigen used in the epicutaneous challenge. We have demonstrated in this study that of the leukotrienes assessed LTC4 is released in the greatest quantity in situ during in vivo allergic cutaneous reactions and that it is present at such sites for at least 4 h after antigen challenge. Since intradermal injection of LTC4 in humans induces wheal and flare responses that persist for hours, our findings support the hypothesis that LTC4 is an important mediator of human allergic skin reactions.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Dermatitis, Contact', 'Histamine Release', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intradermal', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'SRS-A', 'Skin', 'Time Factors']
| 2,411,760
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['C17.800.174.255', 'C17.800.815.255'], ['G12.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.620.410'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.450.855', 'D10.251.355.310.166.887.855', 'D23.469.050.175.450.725'], ['A17.815'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Changes in selected physical property and enzyme activity of rice and barley koji during fermentation and storage.
|
UNLABELLED: Koji are solid-state fermentation products made by inoculating steamed grains with the spores of fungi, particularly Aspergillus spp. This research was undertaken to identify the fermentation and storage conditions optimal for the production and maintenance of selected hydrolytic enzymes, such as á-amlyase and protease, in koji. Steamed rice and barley were inoculated with 2 ? 10 ?? Aspergillus oryzae spores per kilogram of grains and fermented for 118 h in a growth chamber at 28 to 32 °C with controlled relative humidities. Samples were drawn periodically during fermentation and storage at -20, 4, or 32 °C, and á-amylase and protease activity, mold counts, a(w), moisture contents, and pH of collected samples were determined. It was observed that the a(w), moisture contents, and pH of the koji were influenced by the duration of fermentation and temperature of storage. The á-amylase activity of both koji increased as the populations of A. oryzae increased during the exponential growth phase. The enzyme activity of barley koji was significantly higher than that of rice koji, reaching a peak activity of 211.87 or 116.57 U at 46 and 58 h, respectively, into the fermentation process. The enzyme activity in both products started to decrease once the mold culture entered the stationary growth phase. The protease activities of both koji were low and remained relatively stable during fermentation and storage. These results suggest that rice and barley koji can be used as sources of á-amylase and desired enzyme activity can be achieved by controlling the fermentation and storage conditions.PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Amylases and proteases are 2 important hydrolytic enzymes. In the food industry, these enzymes are used to break down starches and proteins while reducing the viscosity of foods. Although amylases and proteases are found in plants and animals, commercial enzymes are often produced using bacteria or molds through solid state fermentation, which is designed to use natural microbial process to produce enzymes in a controlled environment. A properly produced and maintained koji with a high hydrolytic enzyme activity can serve as an important source of the enzymes for the food industry.
|
['Aspergillus oryzae', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Enzyme Stability', 'Fermentation', 'Food Storage', 'Food, Preserved', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Hordeum', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Oryza', 'Peptide Hydrolases', 'Seeds', 'Spores, Fungal', 'Temperature', 'Water', 'alpha-Amylases']
| 22,583,119
|
[['B01.300.381.081.500'], ['G02'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['J01.576.423.200.387'], ['G07.203.300.521', 'J02.500.521'], ['D12.776.354'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.481'], ['G02.300'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['D08.811.277.656'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['A11.870.710', 'A19.374.500', 'B05.775.710'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['D08.811.277.450.066.050']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Wine and tumors: study of resveratrol.
|
In modern industrial societies the attention to public health, especially in relation to food habits, is increasing day by day. Considering this, it's no wonder that wine, the voluptuary drink that best represents human history, is the most interesting compound. The main and best known wine effects on the human body are caused by alcohol, but several other active compounds are present in wine. Above all, resveratrol is able to neutralize free radicals, which can damage DNA and may lead to cancer onset. In this study, we have indagated resveratrol anticancer action, analyzing its effects on both cell cycle and growing of human lymphoma B (DHL-4) cells. MTT colorimetric test, tripan blue dye exclusion assay, and cell cycle analysis showed that resveratrol has a dose-dependent antiproliferative and antiapoptotic action on DHL-4 cells. These results confirm resveratrol's potential therapeutic role on tumors.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Resveratrol', 'Stilbenes', 'Wine']
| 15,134,382
|
[['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.725.875', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.715.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700'], ['G07.203.100.100.900', 'G07.203.200.887', 'J02.200.100.900', 'J02.350.887']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Low dynamic state of viral competition in a chronic avian hepadnavirus infection.
|
The dynamic state of infection of 11 ducks with the duck hepatitis B virus was investigated. Chronic infections were established in newly hatched ducklings by inoculation with a mixture of wild-type virus and a mutant virus with a partial replication defect. As expected, the wild-type virus was rapidly enriched in the virus population during the spread of infection. Enrichment thereafter was correlated with normal growth of the liver, with the average mutant-to-wild-type ratio stabilizing for at least 2 months beyond the time at which the liver mass stabilized. Using experimentally determined growth rates for the mutant and wild-type viruses, we estimated that after the spread of infection, competition between the two virus strains was limited by the amount of replication required to infect new hepatocytes in the growing livers. The results suggest that, in a chronically infected liver, the selection of variants with a replication rate advantage is inefficient and that the emergence of such variants would depend on induced liver cell turnover, such as that occurring during chronic hepatitis.
|
['Animals', 'Chronic Disease', 'Ducks', 'Hepadnaviridae Infections', 'Hepatitis B Virus, Duck', 'Mathematical Computing', 'Mutagenesis', 'Virus Replication']
| 10,799,602
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.050.200', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.345'], ['C01.925.256.430'], ['B04.280.375.100.450', 'B04.450.390.100.450'], ['L01.224.680'], ['G05.558'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Physiology and transcriptome of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading Sphingomonas sp. LH128 after long-term starvation.
|
The survival, physiology and gene expression profile of the phenanthrene-degrading Sphingomonas sp. LH128 was examined after an extended period of complete nutrient starvation and compared with a non-starved population that had been harvested in exponential phase. After 6 months of starvation in an isotonic solution, only 5 % of the initial population formed culturable cells. Microscopic observation of GFP fluorescent cells, however, suggested that a larger fraction of cells (up to 80 %) were still alive and apparently had entered a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. The strain displayed several cellular and genetic adaptive strategies to survive long-term starvation. Flow cytometry, microscopic observation and fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis showed a reduction in cell size, a change in cell shape and an increase in the degree of membrane fatty acid saturation. Transcriptome analysis showed decreased expression of genes involved in ribosomal protein biosynthesis, chromosomal replication, cell division and aromatic catabolism, increased expression of genes involved in regulation of gene expression and efflux systems, genetic translocations, and degradation of rRNA and fatty acids. Those phenotypic and transcriptomic changes were not observed after 4 h of starvation. Despite the starvation situation, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) catabolic activity was immediate upon exposure to phenanthrene. We conclude that a large fraction of cells maintain viability after an extended period of starvation apparently due to tuning the expression of a wide variety of cellular processes. Due to these survival attributes, bacteria of the genus Sphingomonas, like strain LH128, could be considered as suitable targets for use in remediation of nutrient-poor PAH-contaminated environments.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons', 'Sphingomonas', 'Transcriptome']
| 23,861,307
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['G05.308.300'], ['D02.455.426.559.847', 'D04.615'], ['B03.440.400.425.750', 'B03.660.050.800.750'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Chloral hydrate sedation in radiology: retrospective audit of reduced dose.
|
BACKGROUND: Chloral hydrate (CH) is safe and effective for sedation of suitable children.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess whether adequate sedation is achieved with reduced CH doses.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively recorded outpatient CH sedations over 1 year. We defined standard doses of CH as 50 mg/kg (infants) and 75 mg/kg (children >1 year). A reduced dose was defined as at least 20% lower than the standard dose.RESULTS: In total, 653 children received CH sedation (age, 1 month-3 years 10 months), 42% were given a reduced initial dose. Augmentation dose was required in 10.9% of all children, and in a higher proportion of children >1 year (15.7%) compared to infants (5.7%; P < 0.001). Sedation was successful in 96.7%, and more frequently successful in infants (98.3%) than children >1 year (95.3%; P = 0.03). A reduced initial dose had no negative effect on outcome (P = 0.19) or time to sedation. No significant complications were seen.CONCLUSION: We advocate sedation with reduced CH doses (40 mg/kg for infants; 60 mg/kg for children >1 year of age) for outpatient imaging procedures when the child is judged to be quiet or sleepy on arrival.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chloral Hydrate', 'Conscious Sedation', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypnotics and Sedatives', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Ireland', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Medical Audit']
| 22,246,409
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['D02.033.455.250.130'], ['E03.250'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.277.350', 'D27.505.954.427.210.350'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['Z01.542.467', 'Z01.639.587'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['N04.761.700.250.500', 'N05.700.175.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Attitudes and Preferences towards Self-help Treatments for Depression in Comparison to Psychotherapy and Antidepressant Medication.
|
BACKGROUND: Self-help is an effective treatment for depression. Less is known, however, about how acceptable people find different self-help treatments for depression.AIMS: To investigate preferences and attitudes toward different self-help treatments for depression in comparison to psychotherapy and antidepressants.METHOD: N = 536 people who were not actively seeking treatment for depression were randomly assigned to read about one of five treatment options (bibliotherapy, Internet-based self-help, guided self-help, antidepressants, or psychotherapy) before rating how acceptable they found the treatment. Participants also ranked the treatments in order of preference.RESULTS: Psychotherapy and guided self-help were found to be the most acceptable and preferred treatment options. Antidepressants and bibliotherapy were found to be the least acceptable treatments, with antidepressants rated as the most likely to have side effects. Preference data reflected the above findings - psychotherapy and guided self-help were the most preferred treatment options.CONCLUSIONS: The findings highlight differences in attitudes and preferences between guided and unguided self-help interventions; and between self-help interventions and psychotherapy. Future research should focus on understanding why unguided self-help interventions are deemed to be less acceptable than guided self-help interventions for treating depression.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Bibliotherapy', 'Depression', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Psychotherapy', 'Quality of Life', 'Self Care', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,697,236
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.169', 'E02.831.169', 'F04.754.168'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F04.754'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E02.900', 'I03.050.563', 'N02.421.784.680'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Trends in insurance coverage and source of private coverage among young adults aged 19-25: United States, 2008-2012.
|
KEY FINDINGS: Data from the National Health Interview Survey, 2008-2012. The percentage of young adults with private health insurance coverage increased from the last 6 months of 2010 through the last 6 months of 2012 (52.0% to 57.9%). Except for an increase in the first 6 months of 2011, the percentage of privately insured young adults who had a gap in coverage during the past 12 months decreased from the first 6 months of 2008 through the last 6 months of 2012 (10.5% to 7.8%). The percentage of privately insured young adults with coverage in their own name decreased from 40.8% in the last 6 months of 2010 to 27.2% in the last 6 months of 2012. The percentage of privately insured young adults with employer-sponsored health insurance increased from the last 6 months of 2010 to the last 6 months of 2012 (85.6% to 92.5%). Young adults often experience instability with regard to work, school, residential status, and financial independence. This could contribute to a lack of or gaps in insurance coverage (1,2). In September 2010, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) extended dependent health coverage to young adults up to age 26. This provision was expected to lead to increases in private coverage for young adults aged 19-25 when they became eligible for coverage through their parents' employment (3,4). This report provides estimates describing the previous insurance status and sources of coverage among privately insured young adults aged 19-25, using data from the 2008-2012 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Comparisons are made with adults aged 26-34, the most similar age group that was not affected by the ACA provision.
|
['Adult', 'Health Benefit Plans, Employee', 'Humans', 'Insurance Coverage', 'Insurance, Health', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Medically Uninsured', 'National Center for Health Statistics, U.S.', 'Parents', 'Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 24,331,165
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N01.824.417.700.325', 'N03.219.521.576.343.290', 'N04.452.677.800.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.265'], ['N03.219.521.576.343'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['M01.385'], ['I01.409.418.750.600.650.200.260', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.650.225.260'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.918', 'N03.706.615.806'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Acute effects of tea on fasting and non-fasting plasma total homocysteine concentrations in human subjects.
|
Plasma total homocysteine concentrations (tHcy) are a putative risk factor for CVD. Tea is a rich dietary source of polyphenols and caffeine, both of which may raise tHcy. However, it is possible that much of any effect is transitory and may be influenced by the consumption of food. Our objective was to investigate the acute effect of tea, at a dose representative of ordinary population intakes, on tHcy and to determine whether consumption of a meal influences the magnitude of any effect. Measurements of tHcy were performed in twenty participants at baseline and 3.5 h after drinking three cups of black tea or hot water (consumed at time 0, 1.5 and 3 h) with and without a meal: a total of four treatments administered in random order. Drinking tea resulted in an acute increase in tHcy (0-30 (95 % CI 0.04, 0.56) micromol/l, P=0.022). The meal resulted in an acute decrease in tHcy (-0.42 (95 % CI -0.68, -0.16) micromol/l, P=0.002). There was no interaction between tea and meal on tHcy (P=0.40); that is, the effect of tea on tHcy was not different in the fasting and non-fasting state. Our results suggest that drinking black tea can cause a small acute increase in tHcy and that this effect is not enhanced in the non-fasting state. Given that results of population studies have generally shown a negative association between tea intake and tHcy, the significance of these findings to CVD risk remains uncertain.
|
['Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Caffeine', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Drinking', 'Eating', 'Fasting', 'Female', 'Flavonoids', 'Folic Acid', 'Gallic Acid', 'Homocysteine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methylation', 'Middle Aged', 'Phenols', 'Polyphenols', 'Tea', 'Vitamin B 12']
| 17,408,524
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['G07.203.650.283.249', 'G10.261.330.249'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.200', 'D02.241.511.390.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.200'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.715', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.260.777'], ['D20.215.784.844', 'G07.203.100.831', 'J02.200.831'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.437.777', 'D03.633.400.909.437.777', 'D04.345.783.437.777']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Calculation of normal values in lung compliance].
|
Within a study of standard values, investigations of the static and dynamic lung compliance were performed in 162 test persons in a good state of health of heart and lungs. Age, size, constitution, and intrathoracical gas volume are necessary parameters for calculation of an individual standard value of the dynamic compliance, whereas age and intrathoracical gas volume only are needed for calculation of a standard value of the static compliance. The new standard values are compared with the values known from the literature.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Body Height', 'Body Weight', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Compliance', 'Lung Volume Measurements', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reference Values']
| 6,494,607
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.386.700.475', 'G09.772.540'], ['E01.370.386.700.485'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Vaccination with photodynamic therapy-treated macrophages induces highly suppressive T-regulatory cells.
|
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The present study explores whether photodynamic therapy (PDT)-induced apoptosis can increase the number of tolerogenic regulatory T cells (Treg) and limit collateral tissue damage.METHODS: BALB/c mice were vaccinated subcutaneously three times with PDT-induced apoptotic or thaw-frozen, necrotic non-infected autologous macrophages (MÖ). Two weeks after the last vaccination, mice were infected intradermally with 10(6) promastigotes of Leishmania major.RESULTS: Mice that received PDT-induced apoptotic MÖ had fewer parasites and higher numbers of Treg than mice vaccinated with thaw-frozen necrotic MÖ or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-6 were significantly suppressed, while IL-10 was increased in mice that received the PDT-induced apoptotic MÖ. The role of Treg in this process was confirmed through Treg transfer from vaccinated to na?ve mice. Mice receiving CD4(+) CD25(+) cells from mice vaccinated with PDT-induced apoptotic MÖ showed smaller lesions 3 weeks after infection and lower parasitic burdens than mice that received Tregs from mice of thaw-frozen necrotic MÖ or PBS groups. These changes were mediated by the depletion of CD3(+) CD8(+) and NKT cells and increased levels of IL-12p70 and interferon-ã, IL-10, and TGF-â in the cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions.CONCLUSION: Vaccination with apoptotic MÖ-induced tolerogenic Treg cells that limited collateral tissue damage and diminished parasitic burden.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Photochemotherapy', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory']
| 21,392,113
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['E02.186.500', 'E02.319.685', 'E02.774.722'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Myofascial Closure of Intradural Inclusion Cysts following in utero Myelomeningocele Repair.
|
Myelomeningocele is one of the most common congenital malformations. A randomized controlled trial, known as the Management of Myelomeningocele Study (MOMS), demonstrated that closure during the fetal period can be performed relatively safely and be of significant benefit to patients. However, postnatally, patients can develop resultant symptoms from a tethered cord and inclusion cysts; this often requires surgical treatment. Repeat surgery in this population can be challenging due to the age of the patients, the extent of surgical exposure needed and the need for resection of dermal and epidermal tissues in the midline. We describe our approach for closure of these complex defects using lateral fasciocutaneous flaps with relaxing incisions made in the posterior axillary line, in order to minimize tension and maximize soft tissue coverage of the midline.
|
['Dermoid Cyst', 'Epidermal Cyst', 'Female', 'Fetal Diseases', 'Fetal Therapies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Laminectomy', 'Lumbosacral Region', 'Meningomyelocele', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Paraspinal Muscles', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Pregnancy', 'Spinal Cord Neoplasms']
| 26,183,289
|
[['C04.182.201', 'C04.557.465.910.250'], ['C04.182.254'], ['C13.703.277', 'C16.300'], ['E02.467'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E02.718.563', 'E04.188.400', 'E04.525.450', 'E04.555.350'], ['A01.923.176.519'], ['C10.500.680.610', 'C16.131.666.680.610'], ['E04.525'], ['A02.633.567.175.750'], ['C23.550.767'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C04.588.614.250.803', 'C10.228.854.765', 'C10.551.240.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Frequency of apoptosis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes induced by fas counterattack in human colorectal carcinoma and its correlation with prognosis.
|
We investigated apoptosis in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) obtained from 41 colorectal carcinomas by in situ nick translation (ISNT). When the ISNT labeling index (LI) was determined as the number of positive nuclei per 1000 nuclei of TIL in tissue sections, the median LI was 12.0 (range, 2-30). The ISNT LI of colorectal carcinoma with lymph node metastasis was higher than that of colorectal carcinoma without metastasis. The cases with a high LI of 212.0 had a significantly poorer prognosis than those with a low LI. We also confirmed immunohistochemically that a part of the TILs expressed Fas using the sections adjacent to what contained abundant ISNT-positive TILs. Moreover, Fas ligand (FasL) expression was detected on the cell surface as well as the cytoplasm of colorectal cancer cells in 61% of cases. Apoptosis in TILs was consistently seen more frequently in FasL-positive cases than in FasL-negative ones. These findings indicate that the FasL expressed in colorectal carcinoma cells may kill the Fas-positive immune effective TILs by means of a Fas-FasL system termed Fas counterattack. This tumor immune evasion induced by FasL may therefore affect the malignant potential of human colorectal carcinoma.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Apoptosis', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'Fas Ligand Protein', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating', 'Male', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Staining and Labeling', 'fas Receptor']
| 10,999,744
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['G05.200.230'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.249', 'D12.776.395.550.312', 'D12.776.467.374.750.249', 'D12.776.543.550.312', 'D23.529.374.750.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.650', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.650', 'A15.382.490.555.567.650'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.195']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The efficacy of religious service attendance in reducing depressive symptoms.
|
PURPOSE: To examine whether religiosity may help people ward off depression, we investigated the association between religious service attendance and depressive symptom scores in a community-based 30-year follow-up longitudinal study.METHODS: This study used data on 754 subjects followed over 30 years and evaluated at four time points. Linear mixed effects models were used to assess the association between religious service attendance and depressive symptoms development; frequency of attendance and age also were used as predictors. Demographic factors, life-time trauma, family socioeconomic status, and recent negative events were considered as control variables.RESULTS: Depressive symptom scores were reduced by an average of 0.518 units (95 % CI from -0.855 to -0.180, p < 0.005) each year in subjects who attended religious services as compared with subjects who did not. The more frequent the religious service attendance, the stronger the influence on depressive symptoms when compared with non-attendance. Yearly, monthly, and weekly religious service attendance reduced depression scores by 0.474 (95 % CI from -0.841 to -0.106, p < 0.01), 0.495 (95 % CI from -0.933 to -0.057, p < 0.05) and 0.634 (95 % CI from -1.056 to -0.212, p < 0.005) units on average, respectively, when compared with non-attendance after controlling for other covariates.CONCLUSION: Religious service attendance may reduce depressive symptoms significantly, with more frequent attendance having an increasingly greater impact on symptom reduction in this 30-year community-based longitudinal study.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Behavior', 'Child', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Religion and Psychology', 'Young Adult']
| 24,178,134
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.880', 'K01.844.664'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Absence of high affinity dopamine receptor in GH3 cells: a prolactin-secreting clone resistant to the inhibitory action of dopamine.
|
Dopamine (DA) and DA agonists bind with high affinity to anterior pituitary receptors which mediate the inhibition of PRL release. Spiperone (SPIP), a DA antagonist, has also been successfully used to characterize pituitary DA receptors with a dissociation constant (Kd) of less than 1 nM. We studied the binding of SPIP to GH3D6 cells which secrete only PRL and GH. This clone was derived from a radiation-induced tumor of the rat anterior pituitary. Equilibrium binding of [3H]SPIP to living GH3 cells showed no high affinity receptors, but a low affinity (Kd = 0.83 microM) and saturable (0.06 fmol/cell) population of sites was observed. In addition, saturable binding with a similar affinity (Kd = 0.57 microM) was noted in broken GH3 cells. The interaction was completely reversible and temperature dependent. The concentration of various ligands required to compete for half of the [3H]SPIP binding to whole cells were: chlorpromazine, 0.17 microM; haloperidol, 0.68 microM; pimozide, 0.77 microM; d-butaclamol, 1.16 microM; 1-butaclamol, 1.30 microM; SPIP, 1.49 microM; bromergocryptine, 4.98 microM; apomorphine, 13.9 microM; and DA, 100 microM. The absence of a high affinity site in GH3 cells is consistent with the decreased effectiveness of various agonists and antagonists on PRL secretion. It is possible that the low affinity interactions observed in GH3 cells are normally present in the anterior pituitary and brain and do not simply represent an alteration of receptor affinity.
|
['Animals', 'Binding, Competitive', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Dopamine', 'Kinetics', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Prolactin', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Dopamine']
| 7,353,539
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of dietary phosphorus on renal phosphate reabsorption in the parathyroidectomized rat.
|
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) reabsorption was studied during Pi infusion, after acute or chronic thyroparathyroidectomy (TPTX), in rats stabilized on a high-phosphorus (1% P) or a low-phosphorus (0.02% P) diet. After acute TPTX, there were no consistent differences in Pi reabsorption between the high- and low-phosphorus dietary groups. After chronic TPTX, the rats stabilized on the low-phosphorus diet exhibited nearly complete Pi reabsorption at every plasma Pi level, while the animals receiving the high-phosphorus diet manifested a marked phosphaturic response to Pi infusion. In addition, Pi reabsorption was significantly increased in the chronic TPTX low-phosphorus rats which achieved the highest filtered Pi loads, while their urine remained essentially phosphate-free. Dietary phosphorus-dependent alterations in Pi reabsorption may play a significant role in establishing the rate of Pi excretion per nephron under certain circumstances and should be considered in the interpretation of studies investigating renal Pi handling. The ability of phosphorus-depleted animals to maintain a phosphate-free urine during Pi loading would favor the rapid repletion of body phosphorus stores.
|
['Absorption', 'Animals', 'Diet', 'Extracellular Space', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Parathyroid Glands', 'Phosphates', 'Phosphorus', 'Rats', 'Sodium', 'Vitamin D Deficiency']
| 947,958
|
[['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['A10.082.500', 'A11.284.295'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A06.300.560'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['D01.268.666'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.770']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transcriptional responses, metabolic activity and mouthpart deformities in natural populations of Chironomus riparius larvae exposed to environmental pollutants.
|
Biomarkers are an important tool in laboratory assays that link exposure or effect of specific toxicants to key molecular and cellular events, but they have not been widely used in invertebrate populations exposed to complex mixtures of environmental contaminants in their natural habitats. The present study focused on a battery of biomarkers and their comparative analysis in natural populations of the benthic larvae of Chironomus riparius (Diptera), sampled in three differentially polluted rivers (the Con, Sar, and Louro in Galicia, Spain). In our study, some parameters were identified, such as hsp70 gene activity, GST enzymatic activity, total glycogen content and mouthpart deformities, which showed significant differences among populations from the three rivers that differed in the levels and types of sedimentary contaminants analyzed (metals, organic-chlorine pesticides, alkylphenols, pharmaceutical, and personal care products). In contrast to these sensitive biomarkers, other parameters showed no significant differences (hsc70 gene, EcR gene, P450 gene, RNA:DNA ratio, total protein content), and were stable even when comparing field and nonexposed laboratory populations. The hsp70 gene seems to be particularly sensitive to conditions of pollutant exposure, while its constitutive counterpart hsc70 showed invariable expression, suggesting that the hsc70/hsp70 ratio may be a potential indicator of polluted environments. Although further studies are required to understand the correlation between molecular responses and the ecological effects of pollutants on natural populations, the results provide new data about the biological responses to multiple-stressor environments. This field study adds new molecular endpoints, including gene expression, as suitable tools that, complementing other ecotoxicological parameters, may help to improve the methodologies of freshwater monitoring under the increasing burden of xenobiotics.
|
['Abnormalities, Drug-Induced', 'Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Chironomidae', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Geologic Sediments', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Larva', 'Mouth Abnormalities', 'Pesticides', 'Rivers', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 23,893,657
|
[['C16.131.042'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.750'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['G01.311.330', 'G16.500.320'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['D12.776.580.216.375'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['C07.465.525', 'C07.650.525', 'C16.131.850.525'], ['D27.720.031.700', 'D27.888.723'], ['G01.311.750', 'G16.500.275.280.650', 'N06.230.232.650'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Dynamics of adrenal steroidogenesis in childhood: steroid excretion in prepubertal and pubertal girls.
|
C19-C21O2-3 steroid spectrum and C21O5 corticoids have been studied in the urine collected from 29 girls aged 2-14 years. A total of 34 investigations was carried out by means of simultaneous two-column gas chromatography. The values of steroid excretion have been expressed in terms related to body weight and body surface, respectively. Before the age of seven the excretion of C19O2 steroids representing adrenal androgens and their metabolites did not exceed 7 micrograms/kg/day or 170 micrograms/m2/day ("infantile type androgen excretion"). Then it began to increase between the 7th and 9th years of life and preceded the appearance of the physical signs of adrenarche. The increase was accelerated during puberty and no value under 18 micrograms/kg/day, or 600 micrograms/m2/day, respectively, was found when the physical signs of adrenarche were present ("puberty type androgen excretion"). Excretion of 11-oxygenated C19 steroids, C21O5 corticoids and pregnenediol was also augmented during puberty; however, when compared with the increase in C19O2 excretion this augmentation was moderate. As a consequence of the marked elevation in C19O2 excretion, the ratio of C19O2 to C21O5, too, increased during puberty, indicating that the cortisol-androgen dissociation, otherwise characteristic of childhood, had ceased. It is concluded that the most plausible explanation of the increased androgen production is the gradual development of the zona reticularis during puberty.
|
['11-Hydroxycorticosteroids', '17-Hydroxycorticosteroids', 'Adolescent', 'Adrenal Cortex Hormones', 'Adrenal Glands', 'Androgens', 'Body Surface Area', 'Body Weight', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Puberty']
| 7,136,597
|
[['D06.472.040.585.353'], ['D06.472.040.585.478'], ['M01.060.057'], ['D06.472.040'], ['A06.300.071'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.161'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.231', 'E05.041.124.231', 'G07.100.100.231'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.760', 'G08.686.841.374']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Coordinated expression of UT-A and UT-B urea transporters in rat testis.
|
The blood-seminiferous tubule barrier is responsible for maintaining the unique microenvironment conducive to spermatogenesis. A key feature of the blood-testis barrier is selective permeability to solutes and water transport, conferred by the Sertoli cells of the seminiferous tubules (SMTs). Movement of fluid into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule is crucial to spermatogenesis. By Northern analysis, we have shown that 4.0-, 3.3-, 2.8-, and ~1.7-kb UT-A mRNA transcripts and a 3.8-kb UT-B mRNA transcript are detected within rat testis. Western analysis revealed the expression of both characterized and novel UT-A and UT-B proteins within the testis. Immunolocalization studies determined that UT-A and UT-B protein expression are coordinated with the developmental stage of the SMT. UT-A proteins were detected in Sertoli cell nuclei at all stages of tubule development and in residual bodies of stage VIII tubules. UT-B protein was expressed on Sertoli cell membranes of stage II-III tubules. Using in vitro perfusion, we determined that a phloretin-inhibitable urea pathway exists across the SMTs of rat testis and conclude that UT-B is likely to participate in this pathway.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody Specificity', 'Biological Transport', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Blotting, Western', 'Carrier Proteins', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Perfusion', 'Rats', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Testis', 'Urea']
| 11,997,264
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.100'], ['G03.143'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D12.776.157'], ['E05.481'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['E05.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Measurement strategy and statistical power in studies assessing gait stability and variability in older adults.
|
BACKGROUND: Gait variability and stability measures might be useful to assess gait quality changes after fall prevention programs. However, reliability of these measures appears limited.AIMS: The objective of the present study was to assess the effects of measurement strategy in terms of numbers of subjects, measurement days and measurements per day on the power to detect relevant changes in gait variability and stability between conditions among healthy elderly.METHODS: Sixteen healthy older participants [65.6 (SD 5.9) years], performed two walking trials on each of 2 days. Required numbers of subjects to obtain sufficient statistical power for comparisons between conditions within subjects (paired, repeated-measures designs) were calculated (with confidence intervals) for several gait measures and for different numbers of trials per day and for different numbers of measurement days.RESULTS: The numbers of subjects required to obtain sufficient statistical power in studies collecting data from one trial on 1 day in each of the two compared conditions ranged from 7 to 13 for large differences but highly correlated data between conditions, up to 78-192 for data with a small effect and low correlation.DISCUSSION: Low correlations between gait parameters in different conditions can be assumed and relatively small effects appear clinically meaningful. This implies that large numbers of subjects are generally needed.CONCLUSION: This study provides the analysis tools and underlying data for power analyses in studies using gait parameters as an outcome of interventions aiming to reduce fall risk.
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Aged', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Female', 'Gait', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Walking']
| 26,050,094
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['E05.318.308.225', 'I01.240.425.350', 'N01.224.425.350', 'N05.715.360.300.360', 'N06.850.505.400.425.350', 'N06.850.520.308.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cumulative effect of prophage burden on Shiga toxin production in Escherichia coli.
|
Shigatoxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) such as E. coli O157 are significant human pathogens, capable of producing severe, systemic disease outcomes. The more serious symptoms associated with STEC infection are primarily the result of Shiga toxin (Stx) production, directed by converting Stx bacteriophages. During phage-mediated replication and host cell lysis, the toxins are released en masse from the bacterial cells, and the severity of disease is linked inexorably to toxin load. It is common for a single bacterial host to harbour more than one heterogeneous Stx prophage, and it has also been recently proven that multiple isogenic prophage copies can exist in a single cell, contrary to the lambda immunity model. It is possible that in these multiple lysogens there is an increased potential for production of Stx. This study investigated the expression profiles of single and double isogenic lysogens of Stx phage 24(B) using quantitative PCR to examine transcription levels, and a reporter gene construct as a proxy for the translation levels of stx transcripts. Toxin gene expression in double lysogens was in excess of the single lysogen counterpart, both in the prophage state and after induction of the lytic life cycle. In addition, double lysogens were found to be more sensitive to an increased induction stimulus than single lysogens, suggesting that maintenance of a stable prophage is less likely when multiple phage genome copies are present. Overall, these data demonstrate that the phenomenon of multiple lysogeny in STEC has the potential to impact upon disease pathology through increased toxin load.
|
['Bacteriophages', 'Escherichia coli Infections', 'Escherichia coli O157', 'Humans', 'Lysogeny', 'Prophages', 'Shiga Toxin']
| 22,096,150
|
[['B04.123'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.330'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300.800.250.500', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100.800.250.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.935.500', 'G06.920.877.500'], ['B04.123.655'], ['D08.811.277.450.430.700.750.750.100', 'D23.946.123.794.095', 'D23.946.330.575.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
System approach for a multicenter, multilingual international telemedicine conference.
|
Chinese Telemed 96, a three way international telemedicine conference was successfully held in November 1996. Over 1,000 physicians, allied health professional and medical students participated in this conference in Beijing, Hong Kong and London. This program demonstrated that the quality of telecommunication technology was suitable for the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine to use it in facilitating medical consultations and sharing expertise among widely dispersed colleagues. The consensus of Hong Kong participants was that the audiovideo and telecommunication technology used in this conference were adequate. In order to improve overall quality, however, a better co-ordination of the technical support across sites is required. Other felt that the conference suffers from the shortage of highly trained technical staff required to support the communication system. However, following the total evaluation of this conference, it is concluded that while technical support, site and location are important factors in a good telemedicine conference, a well run telemedicine conference is more dependent on a sound planning process and its execution.
|
['Congresses as Topic', 'Multilingualism', 'Telemedicine']
| 10,384,678
|
[['N03.540.199'], ['L01.559.423.452'], ['H02.403.840', 'L01.178.847.652', 'N04.590.374.800']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Isolation and characteristics of new mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with increased spontaneous mutability].
|
To isolate some new genes controlling the process of spontaneous mutagenesis, a collection of 16 yeast strains with enhanced rate of spontaneous canavanine resistant mutations was obtained. Genetical analysis allowed to define that the mutator phenotype of these strains is due to a single nuclear mutation. Such mutations were called hsm (high spontaneous mutagenesis). Recombinational test showed that 5 mutants under study carried 5 nonallelic mutations. It was revealed that the mutation hsm3-1 is a nonspecific mutator elevating the rate of both spontaneous canavanine resistant mutations and the frequency of reversions in mutations lys1-1 and his1-7. Genetical analysis revealed that mutation hsm3-1 is recessive. The study of cross sensitivity of mutator strains to physical and chemical mutagens demonstrated that 12 of 16 hsm mutants were resistant to the lethal action of UV, gamma rays and methylmethanesulfonate, and 4 mutants were only sensitive to these factors. Possible nature of hsm mutations is discussed.
|
['Canavanine', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA, Fungal', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Genes, Recessive', 'Methyl Methanesulfonate', 'Mutagens', 'Mutation', 'Phenotype', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 1,639,260
|
[['D12.125.311'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.415', 'G05.420.325'], ['D02.455.326.146.100.050.500.500', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.510.500'], ['D27.888.569.468'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.695'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Long-term treatment with aripiprazole on the waking and postprandial urges to smoke in Chinese heavy smokers.
|
The central dopaminergic system plays a critical role in the reinforcing effects of nicotine, which are key determinants in the urge to smoke. Previous study has demonstrated that immediate administration of 10-mg aripiprazole significantly decreased various subjective responses to smoking. The present study investigated whether 2-week treatment with 10-mg aripiprazole could attenuate waking and postprandial urges to smoke in Chinese male and female heavy smokers. A randomized and placebo-controlled pilot clinical study was conducted to assess the effect of aripiprazole on various responses to smoking. The primary outcomes were subject's ratings on questionnaires of smoking urge, withdrawal syndromes, and cigarette evaluation. All participants were administered either placebo or 10-mg aripiprazole for 2 weeks. Throughout the experiment, participants were required to self-report (1) smoking urge and nicotine withdrawal symptoms before their first cigarette after awakening and after lunch and (2) subjective responses to the first cigarette smoked of the day and after lunch. Aripiprazole was associated with significantly decreased waking and postprandial urges to smoke. Aripiprazole failed to produce a significant effect on overall nicotine withdrawal symptoms after awakening and after lunch. However, waking, but not postprandial, withdrawal craving and syndromes were significantly reduced by aripiprazole. Aripiprazole had no effect on the overall subjective responses to the first cigarette of the day and after lunch. The attenuating effects of aripiprazole on waking and postprandial urges to smoke demonstrate the promising effect of aripiprazole in the treatment of nicotine dependence.
|
['Adult', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Aripiprazole', 'China', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pilot Projects', 'Piperazines', 'Postprandial Period', 'Quinolones', 'Smoking', 'Smoking Cessation', 'Substance Withdrawal Syndrome', 'Time Factors', 'Tobacco Use Disorder', 'Young Adult']
| 20,631,555
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['D03.383.606.170', 'D03.633.100.810.835.122'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['D03.383.606'], ['G10.261.700'], ['D03.633.100.810.835'], ['F01.145.805'], ['F01.145.488.732'], ['C25.775.835', 'F03.900.825'], ['G01.910.857'], ['C25.775.912', 'F03.900.912'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The pattern of lung cancer mortality in Montenegro.
|
The aim of the study was to examine recent lung cancer mortality trends in Montenegro in the period 1976-2000, with special emphasis on correlation with tobacco consumption. A population-based study analysing lung cancer mortality in Montenegro in the period 1976-2000 was carried out. Mortality rates were adjusted by direct method. A cohort analysis of age-specific death rates was performed. The analysis of tobacco consumption (cigarettes consumption per capita) was based on the official data for the period 1965-1990. Linear regression coefficients in a time trends analysis of mortality rates and tobacco consumption were assessed using Fisher's test. The highest average standardized lung cancer mortality rates in Montenegro increased in each successive five-year period for both sexes from 1976 to 2000, with highest values in the last five years (1996-2000). In males the death rate has almost doubled, and in females it was nearly three-fold higher. In the cohort analysis of age-specific death rates, all age groups in the birth cohort born before 1911 had a higher lung cancer mortality risk than those in the birth cohort comprising those born between 1912 and 1931. The rates showed an increasing tendency in all age groups irrespective of sex, except in males in the 25-44 age group. The time analysis of lung cancer mortality rates for the period 1976-2000, revealed annual changes of 3% for males and 6.6% for females, respectively. During the period observed the consumption of cigarettes increased by 98.2% (from 1.064 kg per capita in 1965 to 2.109 kg per capita in 1990). The significant increasing tendency in cigarette consumption was registered (y=1.10+0.05x, P=0.001). A significant correlation between lung cancer mortality rates and cigarette consumption is also observed (r=0.427, P=0.037). Smoking trends up to the 1990s in Montenegro, indicate that one can expect lung cancer mortality rates to continue to increase in males but even more so in females.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cohort Studies', 'Epidemiologic Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mortality', 'Regression Analysis', 'Sex Factors', 'Smoking', 'Yugoslavia']
| 14,512,801
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F01.145.805'], ['Z01.586.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Intrarater reliability of neck strength measurement of rugby union players using a handheld dynamometer.
|
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the isometric neck strength profiles of rugby union players and to assess the intrarater reliability of isometric neck strength measurement using a handheld dynamometer.METHODS: Twenty-five male, academy-level, rugby union players (forwards [n = 16], backs [n = 9]) were tested on 2 occasions during a training week 2 days apart. Isometric strength of the neck musculature was tested using a handheld dynamometer, for flexion (F), extension (E), left side flexion (LSF), and right side flexion (RSF). The average of 3 trials for each test position was used for statistical analysis. The following isometric neck strength values were obtained: F, E, F:E, LSF, RSF, LSF:RSF, and total isometric strength.RESULTS: Intrarater reliability intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.80 to 0.92 (intraclass correlation coefficient values: F, 0.85; E, 0.85; F:E, 0.85; LSF, 0.80; RSF, 0.85; LSF:RSF, 0.91; total isometric strength, 0.92), thus indicating excellent reliability in all instances. Forwards recorded significantly greater E scores compared with backs (637.10 ± 75.15 N vs 537.87 ± 82.25 N). Forwards also recoded significantly greater total isometric neck strength scores (2151.96 ± 231.11 N vs 1814.21 ± 211.26 N).CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide isometric neck strength values for the forward and back units in the rugby union and indicate that a handheld dynamometer may be a reliable tool for assessing isometric neck strength in this population.
|
['Athletic Injuries', 'Football', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Isometric Contraction', 'Male', 'Muscle Strength', 'Muscle Strength Dynamometer', 'Neck Muscles', 'Observer Variation', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sampling Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 23,845,197
|
[['C26.115'], ['I03.450.642.845.300'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.494.472'], ['E01.370.600.425', 'G11.427.560'], ['E07.230.460'], ['A02.633.567.650'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.372.875', 'N05.715.360.330.875', 'N06.850.520.450.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Combining geometric morphometrics, molecular phylogeny, and micropaleontology to assess evolutionary patterns in Mallomonas (Synurophyceae: Heterokontophyta).
|
Synurophytes, also known as scaled chrysophytes, are ecologically important algae that produce an array of siliceous structures upon which their taxonomy is based. Despite occupying a key position within the photosynthetic heterokonts, the evolutionary history of synurophytes remains poorly constrained. Here, modern and Middle Eocene siliceous scales of the morphotaxon Mallomonas insignis are used as a model to investigate synurophyte evolutionary patterns. Structural details of scale morphology were examined comparatively with scanning electron microscopy and scored for geometric morphometric analyses to assess the stability of shape characters. Although consistent size differences exist (modern scales are larger than Eocene counterparts), the populations cannot be differentiated on the basis of shape or microstructural detail, implying considerable evolutionary stasis in scale morphology. A time-calibrated relaxed molecular clock analysis using a three-gene concatenated data set (27 strains) suggests that the M. insignis lineage predates the available fossil record, having diverged from closest congeneric taxa in the Cretaceous (?94 Ma). However, the molecular analysis also implies that considerable genetic variability is present within several morphotaxa of Mallomonas, implying that substantial genetic variability has arisen despite the retention of uniform scale morphologies, and resulting in the widespread occurrence of cryptic taxa. Results from the synurophyte lineage are consistent with the notion of protracted ghost ranges (>10 Ma) implied by the molecular phylogenies of other algal groups, together pointing to the paucity of the fossil record of these organisms on these timescales.
|
['Biological Evolution', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Paleontology', 'Phylogeny', 'Stramenopiles']
| 23,331,313
|
[['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['H01.277.875', 'I01.076.368.584'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['B01.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Activity of antioxidative enzymes in erythrocytes and concentration of selenium in plasma related to mercury exposure.
|
The activity of catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in erythrocytes and concentration of selenium in plasma and mercury in whole blood, plasma, and urine were analyzed in 36 individuals occupationally exposed to mercury vapor, in 14 individuals with skin hypersensitivity to inorganic mercury, and in 17 individuals with subjective symptoms alleged to result from dental amalgam fillings. The control group consisted of 39 individuals with amalgam fillings, but no occupational exposure to mercury. Selenium in plasma was determined by GFAAS with Zeeman background correction. After exclusion of individuals with reported intake of selenium supplement the median plasma selenium concentration in the group with occupational exposure to mercury was 1.24 mumol/L, in the allergy group 1.22 mumol/L, in the amalgam group 1.25 mumol/L, and in the control group 1.22 mumol/L. The activities of catalase and GSH-Px were similar in all groups. However, in females lower GSH-Px activity was found in the amalgam group compared with females in the control group. GSH-Px activity in smokers was slightly lower than in non-smokers. No correlations were found between concentration of selenium or mercury in plasma and activity of glutathione peroxidase or catalase in erythrocytes.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Catalase', 'Dental Amalgam', 'Dermatitis, Contact', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mercury', 'Middle Aged', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Selenium', 'Smoking']
| 8,155,988
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['D25.339.208.291', 'J01.637.051.339.208.291'], ['C17.800.174.255', 'C17.800.815.255'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.504', 'D01.268.956.437', 'D01.552.544.504'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['D01.268.185.850', 'D01.578.700'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Using a Theory-Guided Learning Collaborative Model to Improve Implementation of EBPs in a State Children's Mental Health System: A Pilot Study.
|
Learning collaboratives (LCs) are used widely to promote implementation of evidence-based practices. However, there has been limited research on the effectiveness of LCs and models vary widely in their structure, focus and components. The goal of the present study was to develop and field test a theory-based LC model to augment a state-led, evidence-based training program for clinicians providing mental health services to children. Analysis of implementation outcomes contrasted LC sites to matched comparison sites that participated in the clinical training program alone. Results suggested that clinicians from sites participating in the LC were more highly engaged in the state-led clinical training program and were more likely to complete program requirements.
|
['Child', 'Child Health Services', 'Community Mental Health Services', 'Cooperative Behavior', 'Evidence-Based Practice', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'New York', 'New York City', 'Pilot Projects']
| 27,167,744
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['N02.421.143.130'], ['F04.408.307', 'N02.421.143.183', 'N02.421.461.232'], ['F01.145.813.115'], ['H02.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Blood pressure development and serum calcium in suckling spontaneously hypertensive rat pups: effects of maternal dietary calcium.
|
Since perinatal factors and dietary calcium intake have been implicated in the early pathogenesis of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), the effect of maternal dietary calcium intake on blood pressure development in the 3-4-week-old suckling SHR was assessed. Twenty-four 6-week-old female SHR were randomized to either a calcium- (0.1%) and sodium- (0.25%) restricted or calcium- (2.0%) and sodium- (1.0%) supplemented diet. After 19 weeks on the diet they were bred. Immediately following birth, half of the pups were cross-fostered to a dam on the alternative diet and half were fostered to a dam on the same diet as that to which they were exposed in utero. Between the 25th and 28th post-natal day each pup had an intra-arterial catheter placed in a femoral artery. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum ionized calcium and total calcium were measured. Pups fostered to dams on restricted-Ca2+ diets had higher MAP (P less than 0.01) and lower serum ionized (P less than 0.01) and total (P less than 0.01) calcium levels. There was a significant inverse correlation between serum ionized Ca2+ and MAP in the pups (r = -0.61, P greater than 0.001). We conclude that maternal dietary calcium intake may be an important perinatal factor in the blood pressure development of the suckling SHR.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Suckling', 'Blood Pressure', 'Calcium', 'Calcium, Dietary', 'Female', 'Hypertension', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred SHR', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 3,465,910
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.293'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D01.146.395'], ['C14.907.489'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.300', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.300'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Probing nuclear pore complex architecture with proximity-dependent biotinylation.
|
Proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) is a method for identifying protein associations that occur in vivo. By fusing a promiscuous biotin ligase to a protein of interest expressed in living cells, BioID permits the labeling of proximate proteins during a defined labeling period. In this study we used BioID to study the human nuclear pore complex (NPC), one of the largest macromolecular assemblies in eukaryotes. Anchored within the nuclear envelope, NPCs mediate the nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of numerous cellular components. We applied BioID to constituents of the Nup107-160 complex and the Nup93 complex, two conserved NPC subcomplexes. A strikingly different set of NPC constituents was detected depending on the position of these BioID-fusion proteins within the NPC. By applying BioID to several constituents located throughout the extremely stable Nup107-160 subcomplex, we refined our understanding of this highly conserved subcomplex, in part by demonstrating a direct interaction of Nup43 with Nup85. Furthermore, by using the extremely stable Nup107-160 structure as a molecular ruler, we defined the practical labeling radius of BioID. These studies further our understanding of human NPC organization and demonstrate that BioID is a valuable tool for exploring the constituency and organization of large protein assemblies in living cells.
|
['Algorithms', 'Biotin', 'Biotinylation', 'Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Cytoplasm', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Ligases', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Nuclear Envelope', 'Nuclear Pore', 'Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Streptavidin', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Transfection']
| 24,927,568
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D03.383.129.308.080', 'D08.211.096'], ['E05.601.085', 'G02.111.109', 'G03.162'], ['D08.811.464.259'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.464'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['A11.284.149.165.630', 'A11.284.149.450.700', 'A11.284.430.106.279.692', 'A11.284.835.514.700'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.692.630'], ['D12.776.157.530.750.625', 'D12.776.543.585.750.625'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.097.835'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hyperhidrosis, Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy, and Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Cohort Study Based on the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service Database.
|
Sympathetic overactivity is associated with hyperhidrosis and cardiovascular diseases. Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) is a treatment for hyperhidrosis. We aimed to compare the risk for cardiovascular events between individuals with and without hyperhidrosis and investigate the effects of ETS on cardiovascular outcomes. We conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study using data acquired from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Subjects newly diagnosed with hyperhidrosis in 2010 were identified and divided into two groups according to whether or not they underwent ETS. Propensity scores were calculated using a logistic regression model to match hyperhidrosis patients with control subjects. Combined cardiovascular events were defined as stroke and ischemic heart diseases. Subjects were followed up until the first cardiovascular event or 31 December 2017. The risk for cardiovascular events with hyperhidrosis and ETS was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. The risk for stroke was significantly higher in the hyperhidrosis group than in the control group (hazard ratio (HR), 1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08-1.51); nonetheless, no significant difference in the risk for ischemic heart diseases was observed between the hyperhidrosis group and the control group (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.99-1.31). Hyperhidrosis patients who did not undergo ETS were at significantly higher risk for cardiovascular events than the control group (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.13-1.45). However, no significant difference in the risk for cardiovascular events was observed between hyperhidrosis patients who underwent ETS and the control group. Hyperhidrosis increases the risk for cardiovascular events. ETS could reduce this risk and needs to be considered for high-risk patients with cardiovascular diseases.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cohort Studies', 'Databases, Factual', 'Endoscopy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperhidrosis', 'Insurance, Health', 'Male', 'Republic of Korea', 'Sympathectomy', 'Thoracic Nerves', 'Thoracic Surgical Procedures', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 31,619,017
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.800.946.350'], ['N03.219.521.576.343'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E04.525.210.105.800'], ['A08.800.800.720.800'], ['E04.928'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Humanities education at Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
|
The Department of Humanities at Pennsylvania State University's (Penn State) College of Medicine, created at the founding of the College in 1967, was the first of its kind at any medical school. This article begins by describing how the department has developed over the years, and then discusses its present configuration, including kinds of faculty appointments, information about how it is funded, specific courses that comprise the department's four-year curriculum, and activities it sponsors. That a College of Medicine would make the teaching and practice of humanistic medicine a major and explicit commitment attracted the notice of Drs. Lawrence and Jane Kienle, who made possible the Doctors Kienle Center for Humanistic Medicine. The Humanities Department is closely allied with the Doctors Kienle Center, which integrates the College and the Medical Center by supporting a variety of projects, research, and awards that further the teaching and practice of humanistic medicine. Faculty in the department are encouraged to demonstrate excellence in scholarship and in teaching, but are also expected to become engaged in the life of the Medical Center, especially in furthering humanistic patient care. As such, the Humanities Department plays a major role in furthering the mission of the Pennsylvania State University's College of Medicine.
|
['Curriculum', 'Education, Medical, Undergraduate', 'Humanities', 'Pennsylvania', 'Schools, Medical', 'Teaching']
| 14,534,097
|
[['I02.158'], ['I02.358.399.450'], ['K01'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.550'], ['I02.783.495.552', 'N02.278.020.578'], ['I02.903']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Long-Term Survival After Coverage With Prevertebral Fascia for Abdominal Aortic Stump Closure.
|
Abdominal aortic graft-enteric fistula is an uncommon but grave complication. Acceptable early results of its management have been reported in recent years, but aortic stump disruption remains a dreaded problem in the remote period. This report describes a case of a 71-year-old male with graft-enteric fistula following after a distant abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. The patient underwent 1-stage operation with extra-anatomic bypass preceding the complete removal of the infected aortic graft and intestinal repair. For coverage of the aortic stump closure, the prevertebral fascia was harvested as a flap and was successfully used to buttress the closure. Additionally, omental wrap was secured around the stump and around the area after complete graft removal. Postoperative intravenous antibiotic with meropenem was administered for 8 weeks, followed by suppression with ongoing oral antibiotic with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 6 months. Although sigmoidectomy and the left ureteral reconstruction were required, the patient is doing well without recurrent infection and without stump disruption after 8 years of follow-up.
|
['Aged', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Aorta, Abdominal', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal', 'Aortography', 'Back Muscles', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Computed Tomography Angiography', 'Device Removal', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Fistula', 'Male', 'Omentum', 'Prosthesis-Related Infections', 'Reoperation', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Suture Techniques', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wound Closure Techniques']
| 28,100,153
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['A07.015.114.056.205'], ['C14.907.055.239.075', 'C14.907.109.139.075'], ['E01.370.350.700.060.070', 'E01.370.370.050.070'], ['A02.633.567.175'], ['E07.695.110'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.335', 'E01.370.350.567.250', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.568', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.499'], ['E04.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.267.550', 'C06.405.469.471', 'C23.300.575.185.550'], ['A01.923.047.025.600.573'], ['C01.685', 'C23.550.767.868'], ['E04.690'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E04.987.775'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E04.987']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Relationship between HbA1c and hypoglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with different insulin regimens in combination with metformin.
|
BACKGROUND: To examine the relationship between glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin (Met) and either insulin lispro mixtures, given twice or thrice daily (LM + Met), or insulin glargine, given once daily (G + Met).METHODS: Data from three randomized clinical trials were pooled to compare effects of LM + Met with G + Met.RESULTS: The LM + Met group achieved lower mean HbA(1c) (mean+/-SE, 7.2+/-0.1 vs. 7.7+/-0.1%, p<0.0001) and all meals combined post-prandial blood glucose (BG) (8.9+/-0.1 vs. 10.2+/-0.1 mmol/L, p<0.0001) compared with the G + Met group, but had higher fasting blood glucose (8.1+/-0.1 vs. 6.8+/-0.1 mmol/L, p<0.0001) and insulin requirement (0.7+/-0.01 vs. 0.6+/-0.01 U/kg, p<0.0001). Over the entire study period, daytime hypoglycaemia was higher for the LM + Met group (10.3 vs. 3.5 episodes/patient/year, p<0.0001) than for the G + Met group; however, nocturnal hypoglycaemia was lower (3.4 vs. 6.6 episodes/patient/year, p=0.003). At endpoint, daytime hypoglycaemia was higher for the LM + Met group (6.2 vs. 1.4 episodes/patient/year, p<0.0001); however, nocturnal hypoglycaemia was similar in both groups (1.9 vs. 3.0 episodes/patient/year). An inverse relationship was observed between all confirmed hypoglycaemia and HbA(1c) at endpoint; for every 1% reduction in HbA(1c), the increase (in slope) was 1.4 episodes/patient/year (p=0.04). Patients with confirmed hypoglycaemia had lower HbA(1c) than patients without hypoglycaemia (7.39 vs. 7.64%, respectively; decrement=0.26%, p=0.026).CONCLUSIONS: These studies demonstrated an inverse relationship between HbA(1c) and 24-h and daytime hypoglycaemia. Lispro insulin mixtures provided lower HbA(1c) and post-prandial blood glucose values than glargine, but caused more daytime hypoglycaemia. Frequency of nocturnal hypoglycaemia was similar and severe hypoglycaemia was rare with both insulin regimens.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Fasting', 'Female', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemia', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Glargine', 'Insulin Lispro', 'Insulin, Long-Acting', 'Male', 'Metformin', 'Middle Aged']
| 19,156,705
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.984'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.300.100', 'D12.644.548.586.200.300.100'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.400.500', 'D12.644.548.586.200.400.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.300', 'D12.644.548.586.200.300'], ['D02.078.370.141.450'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A report of 15 hand allotransplantations in 12 patients and their outcomes in China.
|
BACKGROUND: Limb allotransplantation is emerging as a promising solution to the loss of a limb with the development of advanced surgical techniques and new, highly effective immunosuppressive agents.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 15 hand allotransplantations in 12 patients in China which were performed from September 1999 to May 2008.RESULTS: In total, there were 1 bilateral and 5 unilateral hand transplantations, 3 unilateral and 2 bilateral forearm transplantations, and 1 palm and 1 thumb transplantation. The average age of recipients was 34 ± 11.3 years (range, 19-52 years). At 1-year follow-up, all grafts were viable and with good function. Of the 15 hands transplanted, 8 are currently viable (mean follow-up, 52 ± 36.3 months; range, 16-112 months), including all 3 bilateral cases. Reasons for graft failure were rejection and failure of compliance with immunosuppressive therapy.CONCLUSIONS: Long-term survival of hand transplantation with appropriate immunosuppression is feasible, and satisfactory functional results have been achieved. Careful pretransplant psychologic and social evaluation, consideration of the financial burden of long-term immunosuppressive medications, and close multispecialty collaboration is critical for good outcomes. Limb rejection was related with immunosuppression use. Further study and experience is required before hand allotransplantation can become a generally recommended treatment.
|
['Adult', 'China', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Graft Rejection', 'Hand Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Patient Compliance', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Transplantation, Homologous', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 23,169,225
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['E04.936.450.825.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E04.936.864'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The mCME Project: A Randomized Controlled Trial of an SMS-Based Continuing Medical Education Intervention for Improving Medical Knowledge among Vietnamese Community Based Physicians' Assistants.
|
BACKGROUND: Community health workers (CHWs) provide critical services to underserved populations in low and middle-income countries, but maintaining CHW's clinical knowledge through formal continuing medical education (CME) activities is challenging and rarely occurs. We tested whether a Short Message Service (SMS)-based mobile CME (mCME) intervention could improve medical knowledge among a cadre of Vietnamese CHWs (Community Based Physician's Assistants-CBPAs) who are the leading providers of primary medical care for rural underserved populations.METHODS: The mCME Project was a three arm randomized controlled trial. Group 1 served as controls while Groups 2 and 3 experienced two models of the mCME intervention. Group 2 (passive model) participants received a daily SMS bullet point, and were required to reply to the text to acknowledge receipt; Group 3 (interactive model) participants received an SMS in multiple choice question format addressing the same thematic area as Group 2, entering an answer (A, B, C or D) in their response. The server provided feedback immediately informing the participant whether the answer was correct. Effectiveness was based on standardized examination scores measured at baseline and endline (six months later). Secondary outcomes included job satisfaction and self-efficacy.RESULTS: 638 CBPAs were enrolled, randomized, and tested at baseline, with 592 returning at endline (93.7%). Baseline scores were similar across all three groups. Over the next six months, participation of Groups 2 and 3 remained high; they responded to >75% of messages. Group 3 participants answered 43% of the daily SMS questions correctly, but their performance did not improve over time. At endline, the CBPAs reported high satisfaction with the mCME intervention, and deemed the SMS messages highly relevant. However, endline exam scores did not increase over baseline, and did not differ between the three groups. Job satisfaction and self-efficacy scores also did not improve. Average times spent on self-study per week did not increase, and the kinds of knowledge resources used by the CBPAs did not differ between the three groups; textbooks, while widely available, were seldom used.CONCLUSIONS: The SMS-based mCME intervention, while feasible and acceptable, did not result in increased medical knowledge. We hypothesize that this was because the intervention failed to stimulate lateral learning. For an intervention of this kind to be effective, it will be essential to find more effective ways to couple SMS as a stimulus to promote increased self-study behaviors.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02381743.
|
['Adult', 'Community Health Services', 'Community Health Workers', 'Education, Medical, Continuing', 'Educational Measurement', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Physician Assistants', 'Text Messaging', 'Vietnam', 'Young Adult']
| 27,861,516
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N02.421.143'], ['M01.526.485.067.080', 'N02.360.067.080'], ['I02.358.212.350', 'I02.358.399.250'], ['I02.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.526.485.067.740', 'N02.360.067.740'], ['L01.178.847.698.300.500', 'L01.559.423.906.377.666'], ['Z01.252.145.945'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Differential gene expression screening between parental and highly metastatic pancreatic cancer variants using a DNA microarray.
|
To clarify the difference in genes expressed in hematogenous metastasis and peritoneal dissemination, a broad analysis of differential gene expression analysis between parental cell lines and established metastatic sublines was performed. Using an oligonucleotide array (Gene Chip, Affymetrix), approximately 2,000 genes involved in cancer were analyzed for each of the cell lines. HPC-4H4 (highly metastatic lines to the liver) compared with HPC-4 (low metastatic parental lines), in which 20 overexpressed genes and 5 underexpressed genes were recognized. HPC-4P4a (highly metastatic to the peritoneum) compared with HPC-4, in which 12 overexpressed genes and 15 underexpressed genes were also recognized. Analysis of HPC-4H4 and HPC-4P4a showed comparative up-regulation of 20 genes and down-regulation of 13 in the former, HPC-4H4. Further studies are needed to validate our hypothesis that some of the resulting differentially expressed genes might be implicated in the development of metastasis in pancreatic cancer. In conclusion, this genome-wide expression analysis will help to clarify the molecular mechanisms of cancer metastasis and of the different levels of gene expression in a variety of metastatic potentials in pancreatic cancer.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 12,866,582
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Compounds with neuroprotective activity from the medicinal plant Machilus thunbergii.
|
The dichloromethane fraction of the bark of Machilus thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc. (Lauraceae) significantly protected primary cultures of rat cortical cells exposed to the excitotoxic amino acid, L-glutamate. Through the activity-guided isolation from the CH(2)Cl(2) fraction, (+)-9'-hydroxygalbelgin (1), isogalcatin B (2), (7S,8S,8'R)-3',4'-dimethoxy-3,4,-methylenedioxylignan-7-ol (3), 1-hydroxy-7-hydroxymethyl-6-methoxyxanthone (4), 5,7-dimethoxy-3',4'-methylenedioxyflavan-3-ol (5), (+)-(3S,4S,6R)-3,6-dihydroxypiperitone (6), protocatechuic acid methyl ester (7) and tyrosol (8) were obtained. All of them had significant neuroprotective activities against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultures of rat cortical cells at concentrations ranging from 0.1 microM to 10.0 microM and were comparable to MK-801, a well-known inhibitor of glutamate receptor.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cerebellar Cortex', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Female', 'Furans', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Lauraceae', 'Lignans', 'Molecular Structure', 'Neurons', 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'Plant Bark', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 19,555,186
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200.212'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D03.383.312'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.595.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.140.450'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D27.505.696.706.548', 'D27.505.954.427.575'], ['A18.024.750.200'], ['B01.650.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pertuzumab Plus Chemotherapy for Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer: Safety Run-in Results of the PENELOPE Trial.
|
OBJECTIVE: In platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, adding pertuzumab to gemcitabine improved progression-free survival in the subgroup with low tumor HER3 messenger RNA expression. The 2-part PENELOPE trial (NCT01684878) is prospectively investigating pertuzumab plus chemotherapy in this population.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Part 1 evaluated pertuzumab plus either topotecan or paclitaxel. Patients with platinum-refractory or platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer and low HER3 messenger RNA expression (concentration ratio ?2.81 by central quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction testing on Cobas z480) received intravenous pertuzumab (840 mg loading dose then 420 mg every 3 weeks) with the investigator's choice of topotecan (1.25 mg/m days 1-5 every 3 weeks) or weekly paclitaxel (80 mg/m) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary objective was to assess safety and tolerability.RESULTS: Fifty patients were treated in part 1 (22 topotecan; 28 paclitaxel). In both cohorts, disease progression was the most common primary reason for discontinuing pertuzumab, and the most common all-grade adverse events (AEs) were fatigue/asthenia, anemia, and diarrhea. The most common grade ?3 AEs were anemia (36%), neutropenia (27%), and fatigue/asthenia (18%) for topotecan, and peripheral sensory neuropathy (14%) and anemia (11%) for paclitaxel. Two patients receiving paclitaxel-pertuzumab died from AEs (abdominal infection; unexplained death). Median progression-free survival was 4.1 months (95% confidence interval, 1.9-6.1) with topotecan-pertuzumab and 4.2 months (95% confidence interval, 3.5-6.0) with paclitaxel-pertuzumab.CONCLUSIONS: Based on part 1 tolerability, the Independent Data Monitoring Committee had no objection to PENELOPE proceeding to part 2, a double-blind randomized comparison of chemotherapy (topotecan, paclitaxel, or gemcitabine) plus pertuzumab or placebo.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Cohort Studies', 'Deoxycytidine', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Organoplatinum Compounds', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Paclitaxel', 'Topotecan']
| 27,206,218
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500', 'D13.570.230.329', 'D13.570.685.245.500'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.691.788'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['D03.132.151.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Trastuzumab duration effects within patient prognostic subgroups in the PHARE trial.
|
BACKGROUND: At 42.5 months of median follow-up, PHARE failed to show that 6 was non-inferior to 12 months of adjuvant trastuzumab. From the results of PHARE, questions remain regarding whether the magnitude of benefit derived from 1 year is sufficient to justify its systematic use for different patient subgroups.METHODS: Treatment effects were evaluated according to various tumour characteristics, and the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were carried out on metastases-free survival (MFS) in the 12 months control arm. A prognostic score was defined providing the identification of patient categories with similar risks. The 6-month arm was used as a validation set in order to test for heterogeneity. This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov, number NCT00381901.RESULTS: A total of 261 metastatic events were observed and four prognostic groups were defined: very low, low, intermediate and high risk in the 12-month arm. The corresponding 3-year MFS rates were 98.3%, 95.8%, 90.4% and 78.4% in the four prognostic groups, respectively. In the 6-month arm, the 3-year MFS rates were 98.3%, 94.2%, 85.7% and 74.8% in the four prognostic groups, respectively.CONCLUSION: In the very low-risk group, the potential absolute benefit of standard duration of trastuzumab was small enough to indicate that optimal standard treatment might be clinically questionable. On the other hand, the 3-year metastasis occurrence rates strongly support the need for a search of a more efficient treatment in the low-, intermediate- and high-risk groups.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Female', 'France', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'Survival Analysis', 'Trastuzumab', 'Tumor Burden']
| 24,827,132
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.875', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.875', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.875'], ['E05.041.124.892']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone: critical analysis of cases with a poor prognosis.
|
PURPOSE: Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (TBSCC) is an uncommon, aggressive malignancy with a significant recurrence rate. We reviewed our experience with recurrent TBSCCs.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinicopathological and therapeutic variables potentially associated with disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were assessed in 17 TBSCC patients who died of their disease after treatment.RESULTS: TBSCC recurrences were treated with surgery in 12 cases (palliative in 11, with curative intent in 1) and palliative chemotherapy in 5; the median DFS and DSS were 6 and 16 months, respectively. The mean DFS and DSS were longer in patients who had primary lateral temporal bone resection (LTBR) rather than subtotal temporal bone resection (STBR) (p=0.0173 and p=0.03, respectively). Patients given non-surgical palliative treatment for recurrences had a longer mean DSS than those who underwent surgery (trend toward significance, p=0.09).CONCLUSIONS: Our results reflect the aggressive nature of TBSCC recurrences. Our findings seem to support the use of non-surgical treatments (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or specialist palliative care) in patients with loco-regionally advanced recurrent TBSCC. Salvage surgery might be considered for early recurrences when radicality is still achievable. Precise guidelines for the rational follow-up of surgically-treated TBSCCs need to be shared between tertiary centers.
|
['Aged', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cohort Studies', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Skull Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate', 'Temporal Bone', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,595,048
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C04.588.149.721', 'C05.116.231.754'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['A02.835.232.781.885'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Low expression of microRNA-1266 promotes colorectal cancer progression via targeting FTO.
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of microRNA-1266 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its underlying mechanism.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The expression level of microRNA-1266 in 48 CRC tissues and paracancerous tissues was detected by quantitative Real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The relationship between microRNA-1266 expression and basic characteristics of CRC patients was analyzed. The effect of microRNA-1266 on the viability of CRC cells was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Subsequently, a potential target gene for microRNA-1266 was predicted through bioinformatics. Finally, the binding condition between microRNA-1266 and the target gene was verified by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) and luciferase reporter gene assay, respectively.RESULTS: MicroRNA-1266 was lowly expressed in 48 cases of CRC tissues than that of paracancerous tissues. Clinical data demonstrated that microRNA-1266 expression was correlated to tumor size and TNM of CRC patients. Knockdown of microRNA-1266 promoted proliferation of CRC cells. FTO was predicted to be the target gene for microRNA-1266, which was negatively regulated by microRNA-1266.CONCLUSIONS: MicroRNA-1266 is lowly expressed in CRC tissues than that of paracancerous tissues. Lowly expressed microRNA-1266 promotes the occurrence and progression of CRC by directly targeting FTO.
|
['Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO', 'Caco-2 Cells', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Disease Progression', 'Down-Regulation', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'HCT116 Cells', 'Humans', 'Male', 'MicroRNAs', 'Middle Aged', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tumor Burden']
| 30,556,861
|
[['D08.811.074.062.968', 'D08.811.682.662.582.242', 'D08.811.682.690.416.139.992'], ['A11.251.210.190.160', 'A11.251.860.180.160', 'A11.436.140'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['G05.308.370'], ['A11.251.210.190.380', 'A11.251.860.180.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['E05.041.124.892']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of folacin deficiency on folacin-binding proteins in the rat.
|
The effect of experimental folacin deficiency on the uptake and distribution of radioactive folic acid in the rat was investigated. Less radioactivity was taken up by livers of deficient rats than controls 24 hours after intraperitoneal injection of [3H]-folic acid, although more radioactivity was incorporated by the brain and kidneys of deficient rats. The distribution of radioactivity among the three folacin-binding proteins of rat liver cytosol and the binding protein of mitochondria was also studied. In deficiency, very little radioactivity was incorporated into cytosol binding proteins I and II, while more radioactivity was incorporated into cytosol binding protein II and the mitochondrial binding protein. A decrease in the endogenous folacin associated with all protein-bound and free forms was seen in deficiency with the major decrease coming at the expense of unbound folacin, and cytosol binding protein I. This latter protein may have a primary storage role in the liver.
|
['Animals', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Fractionation', 'Cytosol', 'Diet', 'Folic Acid', 'Folic Acid Deficiency', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mitochondria, Liver', 'Rats', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 903,836
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157'], ['E05.242.251'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.699.308'], ['A03.620'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.461', 'A11.284.835.626.461'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Salvage surgery following downstaging of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
OBJECTIVE: We reported here a series of 49 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent nonsurgical treatment to downstage the disease followed by salvage surgery, their long-term outcome, and pattern of recurrence.SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Most HCC patients present with unresectable disease and are treated with chemotherapy or intra-arterial therapy with a palliative intent. Occasionally, there are good responses to treatment so that salvage surgery becomes feasible afterward. However, long-term outcomes of these patients are seldom reported.METHODS: Patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, from September 1993 to June 2002, who received salvage surgery after downstaging by systemic chemotherapy, intra-arterial yttrium-90 microspheres, or sequential treatment were included in this study. Systemic chemotherapy consisted of combination doxorubicin, cisplatin, interferon-alpha and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), or single-agent doxorubicin. The choice of treatment was according to stage of disease and contemporary clinical trial protocol. Survival, recurrence pattern, and surgical outcome were studied.RESULTS: There were 49 patients in this study with 40 males and 9 females, age ranged from 12 to 69 years. Forty patients (81.6%) were hepatitis B positive. Thirty-two patients had combination chemotherapy alone (65.3%), 8 patients had single agent chemotherapy alone (16.3%), 4 patients received intra-arterial yttrium-90 microspheres alone (8.2%), and 5 patients received sequential therapy (10.2%). Twenty-eight (57.1%) patients received major hepatic resection. Thirteen patients (26.5%) had complete necrosis of the tumor after treatment. Twenty-one patients (42.9%) had recurrence after surgery, and 14 of them were intrahepatic recurrence. The median survival was 85.9 months. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates were 98%, 64%, and 57%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Salvage surgery after successful downstaging can provide long-term control of disease in a small proportion of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Child', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hepatectomy', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intra-Arterial', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Microspheres', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Radioisotopes', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Salvage Therapy', 'Sampling Studies', 'Survival Analysis', 'Terminally Ill', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,273,555
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E02.186'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E04.210.556'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.510.520'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['E07.565'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['D01.496.749'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E02.895'], ['E05.318.372.875', 'N05.715.360.330.875', 'N06.850.520.450.875'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['M01.873'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Interleukin-1 beta and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor mediate Langerhans cell maturation differently.
|
It has been reported that the in vivo maturation of Langerhans cells after hapten painting is mediated by IL-1 beta while Langerhans cell maturation after in vitro culture is mediated by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). To clarify the reason for this discrepancy, we examine the expression of Ia antigen and several co-stimulatory molecules on Langerhans cells that were activated by in vitro culture, by hapten painting, or by an intradermal injection of several cytokines. Both cultured Langerhans cells and those activated by hapten painting increased the expression of Ia antigen and all the co-stimulatory molecules (i.e., intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], B7-1, B7-2, and CD40). In contrast, an intradermal injection of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) increased the expression of Ia antigen, ICAM-1, B7-2, and CD40, but not that of B7-1. These data indicate that IL-1 beta or TNF-alpha is not sufficient to induce B7-1 expression on Langerhans cells in vivo. Subsequently we examined the effect of anti-cytokine antibodies (Abs) on the expression of those molecules on cultured Langerhans cells. While none of the Abs to IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, or GM-CSF changed the upregulation of Ia antigen, ICAM-1, or CD40 on cultured Langerhans cells, anti-GM-CSF Ab suppressed that of B7-1 and B7-2. Taken together, our present results suggest that IL-1 beta is required for the upregulation of Ia, ICAM-1, B7-2, and CD40, while GM-CSF is required for the upregulation of B7-1 and B7-2, although it still remains unclear why the injected GM-CSF could not augment B7-1 expression on Langerhans cells in vivo and why anti-IL-1 beta Ab did not suppress the upregulation of Ia, ICAM-1, or CD40 on cultured Langerhans cells.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, CD', 'B7-1 Antigen', 'B7-2 Antigen', 'CD40 Antigens', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Female', 'Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'Haptens', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class II', 'Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1', 'Interleukin-1', 'Langerhans Cells', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Picryl Chloride', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Up-Regulation']
| 8,648,174
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D12.776.467.150.100', 'D12.776.543.095.100', 'D23.050.301.285.100', 'D23.529.168.100'], ['D12.776.465.500', 'D12.776.467.150.200', 'D12.776.543.095.200', 'D23.050.301.285.200', 'D23.529.168.200'], ['D12.776.465.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.097', 'D23.050.301.264.051.140', 'D23.101.100.150.140'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.375', 'D12.776.395.240.300', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.375', 'D23.529.374.410.240.375'], ['D23.050.550.480'], ['D12.776.395.550.509', 'D12.776.543.550.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400', 'D23.050.705.552.410'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.450', 'D12.776.543.550.200.450', 'D23.050.301.350.450'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['A11.066.270.500', 'A11.436.270.545', 'A15.382.066.270.500', 'A15.382.670.260.500'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D02.455.526.439.750', 'D02.640.529.880.607', 'D23.050.550.480.820'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
LongoVital in the prevention of recurrent aphthous ulceration.
|
LongoVital (LV) (DK. Reg. No. 5178/75) is a herbal based tablet enriched with recommended doses of vitamins. The present study was undertaken to investigate prevention of recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU) during 6 months' daily intake of LV as compared with placebo in a double-blind, randomized clinical, cross-over 1-yr study. The population comprised 29 otherwise healthy minor RAU patients (18 F, 11 M), mean age 36 (18-67), with an estimated average number of recurrences the previous year of 12.8 (3-30). The number of recurrences was significantly reduced on LV the latter 4 of the 6 months (P less than 0.01) where 31% were totally free of recurrences. Subjective all-over evaluation of treatment period was significantly in favor of LV. LV induced no adverse reactions and is the first harmless systemic treatment which has proved better than placebo in the prevention of RAU.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Binomial Distribution', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phytotherapy', 'Prospective Studies', 'Recurrence', 'Stomatitis, Aphthous', 'Ulcer', 'Vitamins']
| 2,250,227
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.994.250', 'G17.820.250', 'N05.715.360.750.750.150', 'N06.850.520.830.994.250'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.190.755'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C07.465.864.750'], ['C23.550.891'], ['D27.505.696.494.600', 'G07.203.300.681.500.600', 'J02.500.681.500.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Human RAD51 paralogue RAD51C fosters repair of alkylated DNA by interacting with the ALKBH3 demethylase.
|
The integrity of our DNA is challenged daily by a variety of chemicals that cause DNA base alkylation. DNA alkylation repair is an essential cellular defence mechanism to prevent the cytotoxicity or mutagenesis from DNA alkylating chemicals. Human oxidative demethylase ALKBH3 is a central component of alkylation repair, especially from single-stranded DNA. However, the molecular mechanism of ALKBH3-mediated damage recognition and repair is less understood. We report that ALKBH3 has a direct protein-protein interaction with human RAD51 paralogue RAD51C. We also provide evidence that RAD51C-ALKBH3 interaction stimulates ALKBH3-mediated repair of methyl-adduct located within 3'-tailed DNA, which serves as a substrate for the RAD51 recombinase. We further show that the lack of RAD51C-ALKBH3 interaction affects ALKBH3 function in vitro and in vivo. Our data provide a molecular mechanism underlying upstream events of alkyl adduct recognition and repair by ALKBH3.
|
['AlkB Homolog 3, Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase', 'Alkylation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'DNA Adducts', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'PC-3 Cells', 'Protein Binding', 'Rad51 Recombinase', 'Transferases']
| 31,642,493
|
[['D08.811.074.062.875', 'D08.811.682.690.416.139.875'], ['G02.111.035', 'G02.607.094', 'G03.059'], ['A11.251'], ['D13.444.308.135', 'G05.200.104'], ['G05.200'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['D12.776.260'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.690', 'A11.436.714'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D08.811.739.650.500', 'D12.776.260.695', 'D12.776.313.968'], ['D08.811.913']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The kinetics of the reaction of nitrophenyl phosphates with alkaline phosphatase from Escherichia coli.
|
1. The steady-state rate of hydrolysis of 2,4-dinitrophenyl phosphate catalysed by Escherichia coli phosphatase is identical with that of 4-nitrophenyl phosphate over the pH range 5.5-8.5. 2. The increase in the rate of the enzyme-catalysed decomposition of nitrophenyl phosphates in the presence of tris at pH8.1 and 5.9 is consistent with the hypothesis that tris increases the rate of decomposition of a phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate. At pH8.1 the rate of decomposition of the phosphoryl-enzyme is approximately twice as fast as the rate of its formation, whereas at pH5.9 the rate of formation of the phosphoryl-enzyme is considerably faster than its decomposition. 3. Pre-steady-state measurements of the initial transient of the liberation of 2,4-dinitrophenol during the reaction of the enzyme with 2,4-dinitrophenyl phosphate confirmed the above pH-dependence of the ratio of the rates of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the enzyme. At optimum pH (above pH8), when the phosphorylation of the enzyme by the substrate is rate-determining, this step must be controlled by a rearrangement of the enzyme or enzyme-substrate complex.
|
['Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Catalysis', 'Dinitrophenols', 'Escherichia coli', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Phosphates']
| 4,866,430
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['G02.130'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.566.304', 'D02.640.743.304'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biological evaluation of structurally diverse amaryllidaceae alkaloids and their synthetic derivatives: discovery of novel leads for anticancer drug design.
|
Twenty-nine Amaryllidaceae alkaloids and their derivatives belonging to the five most common groups, including lycorine, lycorenine, tazettine, crinine, and narciclasine types, were evaluated for antiproliferative, apoptosis-inducing, and anti-invasive activities in vitro. The antiproliferative properties of each test compound are in agreement with those reported in the literature, while the high potency of amarbellisine is reported for the first time. It was also found that with the exception of ungeremine, amarbellisine, and hippeastrine, the antiproliferative effect of the potent compounds is apoptosis mediated. Thus, apoptosis in Jurkat cells was triggered by narciclasine, narciclasine tetraacetate, C10b-R-hydroxypancratistatin, cis-dihydronarciclasine, trans-dihydronarciclasine, lycorine, 1-O-acetyllycorine, lycorine-2-one, pseudolycorine, and haemanthamine. With the exception of narciclasine, lycorine, and haemanthamine, the apoptosis-inducing properties of these compounds are reported for the first time. The collagen type I invasion assay revealed potent anti-invasive properties associated with N-methyllycorine iodide, hippeastrine, clivimine, buphanamine, and narciclasine tetraacetate, all of which were tested at non-toxic concentrations. The anti-invasive activity of buphanamine is particularly promising because this alkaloid is not toxic to cells even at much higher doses. This work has resulted in the identification of several novel leads for anticancer drug design.
|
['Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Humans', 'Leukemia', 'Liliaceae', 'Molecular Structure', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Phytotherapy', 'Plant Extracts']
| 19,235,683
|
[['D03.132.052'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.875.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['E02.190.755'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Early requirement for alpha-SNAP and NSF in the secretory cascade in chromaffin cells.
|
NSF and alpha-SNAP have been shown to be required for SNARE complex disassembly and exocytosis. However, the exact requirement for NSF and alpha-SNAP in vesicular traffic through the secretory pathway remains controversial. We performed a study on the kinetics of exocytosis from bovine chromaffin cells using high time resolution capacitance measurement and electrochemical amperometry, combined with flash photolysis of caged Ca2+ as a fast stimulus. alpha-SNAP, a C-terminal mutant of alpha-SNAP, and NEM were assayed for their effects on secretion kinetics. Two kinetically distinct components of catecholamine release can be observed upon fast step-like elevation of [Ca2+]i. One is the exocytotic burst, thought to represent the readily releasable pool of vesicles. Following the exocytotic burst, secretion proceeds slowly at maintained high [Ca2+]i, which may represent vesicle maturation/recruitment, i.e. some priming steps after docking. alpha-SNAP increased the amplitude of both the exocytotic burst and the slow component but did not change their kinetics, which we examined with millisecond time resolution. In addition, NEM only partially inhibited the slow component without altering the exocytotic burst, fusion kinetics and the rate of endocytosis. These results suggest a role for alpha-SNAP/NSF in priming granules for release at an early step, but not modifying the fusion of readily releasable granules.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Adrenal Glands', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Catecholamines', 'Cattle', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chromaffin Cells', 'Chromaffin Granules', 'Dialysis', 'Egtazic Acid', 'Electric Conductivity', 'Endocytosis', 'Ethylmaleimide', 'Exocytosis', 'Kinetics', 'Membrane Fusion', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mutation', 'N-Ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Proteins', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Soluble N-Ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Factor Attachment Proteins', 'Vesicular Transport Proteins']
| 10,369,670
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['A06.300.071'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['A11.251'], ['A06.224.161', 'A11.299'], ['A06.224.161.500', 'A11.284.430.214.190.500.207', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190.207'], ['E05.196.353', 'G02.186'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.257', 'D02.241.081.018.269'], ['G01.358.500.249.277'], ['G04.417'], ['D02.241.081.337.502.524.418', 'D02.478.440.418', 'D03.383.129.578.399.418'], ['G04.468'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G04.575'], ['D12.776.543'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D08.811.277.040.013.500.375', 'D08.811.277.040.025.024.375', 'D12.776.157.025.750.375'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['D12.776.543.990.812'], ['D12.776.543.990']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acute pancreatitis during all-trans-retinoic acid treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia in a patient without overt hypertriglyceridemia.
|
All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) has been successfully used in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). One of its adverse effects is acute pancreatitis. In the literature, a proposed cause of acute pancreatitis is hypertriglyceridemia. Here, we present the case of a 45-year-old male with APL, treated with ATRA combined with induction chemotherapy (cytarabine and idarubicin), who developed acute pancreatitis without overt hypertriglyceridemia. This finding suggests that hypertriglyceridemia might not be the sole contributing factor in the pathogenesis of ATRA-induced acute pancreatitis and that attention should be paid to the possibility that ATRA treatment causes acute pancreatitis in the absence of overt hypertriglyceridemia.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Cytarabine', 'Humans', 'Hypertriglyceridemia', 'Idarubicin', 'Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatitis', 'Tretinoin']
| 15,709,095
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.453', 'D13.570.065.300', 'D13.570.685.245.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.851'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.300', 'D04.615.562.050.200.300', 'D09.408.051.059.200.300'], ['C04.557.337.539.275.700'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C06.689.750'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of the functional relationship between V3 loop and gp120 context with regard to human immunodeficiency virus coreceptor usage using naturally selected sequences and different viral backbones.
|
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 V3 loop plays a predominant role in chemokine receptor usage; however, other linear and nonlinear gp120 domains are involved in this step of the HIV-1 replication cycle. At present, the functional relationship between V3 and these domains with regard to coreceptor usage is unclear. To gain insights into the nature of this relationship in naturally selected viral variants, we developed a recombinant strategy based on two different gp120 backbones derived from CXCR4 (X4)- and CCR5 (R5)-tropic viral strains, respectively. Using this recombinant model system, we evaluated the phenotype patterns conferred to chimeric viruses by exogenous V3 loops from reference molecular clones and samples from infected subjects. In 13 of 17 recombinants (76%), a comparable phenotype was observed independently of the gp120 backbone, whereas in a minority of the recombinant viruses (4/17, 24%) viral infectivity depended on the gp120 context. No case of differential tropism using identical V3 sequence in the two gp120 contexts was observed. Site-directed mutagenesis experiments were performed to evaluate the phenotypic impact of specific V3 motifs. The data indicate that while the interaction of HIV-1 with chemokine receptors is driven by V3 loop and influenced by its evolutionary potential, the gp120 context plays a role in influencing the replication competence of the variants, suggesting that compensatory mutations occurring at sites other than V3 are necessary in some cases.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp120', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Phenotype', 'Receptors, Chemokine', 'Receptors, HIV', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Virus Replication']
| 12,667,802
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.249', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.500', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.249', 'D23.050.327.520.350'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.160', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.125'], ['D12.776.543.750.830.700'], ['G05.728'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Behavior, stress, and psychosocial traits as risk factors.
|
Although psychosocial factors have long been associated with the pathogenesis of heart disease, the independent relation between these variables and coronary heart disease (CHD) is still controversial. However, when experimental, clinical pathological, and epidemiologic studies are taken together, strong evidence is provided that psychosocial and behavioral factors are important in the development and the provocation of clinical CHD manifestations. Heterogeneity in study results is partially due to methodological problems in defining and measuring behavior, stress, and psychosocial traits in population groups as well as in individuals. The difficulties in separating the role of psychosocial factors from the classic risk factors strengthen the importance and need for these factors to be considered in the design of further clinical and epidemiologic studies, not only to explore their independent predictive value but also to study their role in adherence to preventive advice and in the reversibility of risk. In these respects results are presented from a prospective epidemiologic and from a controlled multifactorial intervention study.
|
['Adult', 'Behavior', 'Belgium', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cholesterol', 'Coronary Disease', 'Educational Status', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk', 'Smoking', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 6,844,313
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145'], ['Z01.542.115'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['N01.824.196'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['F01.145.805'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Prognostic value of the six-minute walk test in end-stage renal disease life expectancy: a prospective cohort study.
|
OBJECTIVES: The six-minute walk test has been widely used to evaluate functional capacity and predict mortality in several populations. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the six-minute walk test for the life expectancy of end-stage renal disease patients.METHODS: Patients over 18 years old who underwent hemodialysis for at least six months were included. Patients with hemodynamic instability, smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, physical incapacity and acute myocardial stroke in the preceding three months were excluded.RESULTS: Fifty-two patients (54% males; 36+11 years old) were followed for 144 months. The distance walked in the six-minute walk test was a survival predictor for end-stage renal disease patients. In the multivariate analysis, for each 100 meters walked with a 100-meter increment, the hazard ratio was 0.53, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.37-0.74. There was a positive correlation between the distance walked in the six-minute walk test and peak oxygen consumption (r = 0.508). In the multivariate analysis, each year of dialysis treatment represented a 10% increase in death probability; in the severity index analysis, each point on the scale represented an 11% increase in the death risk.CONCLUSIONS: We observed that survival increased approximately 5% for every 100 meters walked in the six-minute walk test, demonstrating that the test is a viable option for evaluating the functional capacity in patients with end-stage renal disease.
|
['Adult', 'Epidemiologic Methods', 'Exercise Test', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Life Expectancy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Prognosis', 'Reference Values', 'Time Factors', 'Walking']
| 22,760,895
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318', 'N06.850.520'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.450', 'N01.224.935.464', 'N06.850.505.400.975.450', 'N06.850.520.308.985.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G03.680'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Pu(IV) behavior in the serum].
|
This paper presents the results of studies of the hydrolysis and polymerization of Pu(IV) in blood serum. With nitrite Pu(IV) solutions incubated with blood serum 20-34% of the nuclide were precipitated as hydroxide and 11-36% converted into polymeric forms bound by high molecular weight proteins. For citrate solutions, these values were 3.8 and 3.0%, respectively.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Proteins', 'Cattle', 'Chromatography, Ion Exchange', 'Citrates', 'Citric Acid', 'Hydrolysis', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Molecular Weight', 'Plutonium', 'Polymers', 'Protein Binding']
| 6,505,160
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.196.181.400.383'], ['D02.241.081.901.434'], ['D02.241.081.901.434.249'], ['G02.380'], ['E05.481'], ['G02.494'], ['D01.268.271.100.700', 'D01.268.556.700', 'D01.496.749.305.100.700', 'D01.552.020.734', 'D01.552.544.700'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Determination of the minimal amount of IgG synthesized within the central nervous system in different neurological diseases.
|
The albumin and the IgG were determined in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples from 312 patients by radial immunodiffusion. The correlation between the CSF/serum ratio of IgG and the CSF/serum ratio of albumin was determined by regression analysis in three groups of patients with no signs of IgG synthesis within the central nervous system. The patients were selected on the basis of the state of the blood-CSF barrier, as indicated by the ratio of serum/CSF of albumin. Using the +2 S.D. regression borderlines, the maximal amount of IgG derived from the blood and the minimal amount of IgG synthesized within the central nervous system can be calculated in CSF samples of patients with acute infections and chronic inflammatory diseases.
|
['Albumins', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Central Nervous System Diseases', 'Humans', 'Immunodiffusion', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Serum Albumin', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 122,042
|
[['D12.776.034'], ['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['C10.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) as a histocompatibility test for allogen grafts. Part II. technique, significance and applications (author's transl)].
|
This study introduces mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) as a clinical method for prognostic assessment in allogen grafts. The principle and technical data are discussed. The technical variance and biological reproducibility of the MLC was tested by means of the recommendations of the Sixth International Histocompatibility Workshop 1975. The individual data show fluctuation, but the relative values and the order of rank are important. The order of rank is reproducible.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Antigen-Antibody Complex', 'HLA Antigens', 'Histocompatibility Testing', 'Humans', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed', 'Lymphocytes', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 143,799
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.257', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.257', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.257', 'D23.050.101'], ['D23.050.301.500.450', 'D23.050.705.552.450'], ['E01.370.225.812.385', 'E05.200.812.385', 'E05.478.594.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.385.475', 'E05.200.812.385.475', 'E05.478.594.385.429'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Incorporation of electrochemical advanced oxidation processes in a multistage treatment system for sanitary landfill leachate.
|
The current study has proved the technical feasibility of including electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) in a multistage strategy for the remediation of a sanitary landfill leachate that embraced: (i) first biological treatment to remove the biodegradable organic fraction, oxidize ammonium and reduce alkalinity, (ii) coagulation of the bio-treated leachate to precipitate humic acids and particles, followed by separation of the clarified effluent, and (iii) oxidation of the resulting effluent by an EAOP to degrade the recalcitrant organic matter and increase its biodegradability so that a second biological process for removal of biodegradable organics and nitrogen content could be applied. The influence of current density on an UVA photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) process was firstly assessed. The oxidation ability of various EAOPs such as electro-Fenton (EF) with two distinct initial total dissolved iron concentrations ([TDI]0), PEF and solar PEF (SPEF) was further evaluated and these processes were compared with their analogous chemical ones. A detailed assessment of the two first treatment stages was made and the biodegradability enhancement during the SPEF process was determined by a Zahn-Wellens test to define the ideal organics oxidation state to stop the EAOP and apply the second biological treatment. The best current density was 200 mA cm(-2) for a PEF process using a BDD anode, [TDI]0 of 60 mg L(-1), pH 2.8 and 20 °C. The relative oxidation ability of EAOPs increased in the order EF with 12 mg [TDI]0 L(-1) < EF with 60 mg [TDI]0 L(-1) < PEF with 60 mg [TDI]0 L(-1) ? SPEF with 60 mg [TDI]0 L(-1), using the abovementioned conditions. While EF process was much superior to the Fenton one, the superiority of PEF over photo-Fenton was less evident and SPEF attained similar degradation to solar photo-Fenton. To provide a final dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of 163 mg L(-1) to fulfill the discharge limits into the environment after a second biological process, 6.2 kJ L(-1) UV energy and 36 kWh m(-3) electrical energy were consumed using SPEF with a BDD anode at 200 mA cm(-2), 60 mg [TDI]0 L(-1), pH 2.8 and 20 °C.
|
['Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Electrochemical Techniques', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Nitrogen', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Photochemical Processes', 'Sunlight', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 26,140,989
|
[['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['E05.301'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G02.740'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.836', 'G01.750.250.650.836', 'G01.750.770.578.836', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525', 'G16.500.750.775.525', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Dissociation of heme from gaseous myoglobin ions studied by infrared multiphoton dissociation spectroscopy and Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.
|
Detachment of heme prosthetic groups from gaseous myoglobin ions has been studied by collision-induced dissociation and infrared multiphoton dissociation in combination with Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Multiply charged holomyoglobin ions (hMbn+) were generated by electrospray ionization and transferred to an ion cyclotron resonance cell, where the ions of interest were isolated and fragmented by either collision with Ar atoms or irradiation with 3 mum photons, producing apomyoglobin ions (aMbn+). Both charged heme loss (with [Fe(III)-heme]+ and aMb(n-1)+ as the products) and neutral heme loss (with [Fe(II)-heme] and aMbn+ as the products) were detected concurrently for hMbn+ produced from a myoglobin solution pretreated with reducing reagents. By reference to Ea = 0.9 eV determined by blackbody infrared radiative dissociation for charged heme loss of ferric hMbn+, an activation energy of 1.1 eV was deduced for neutral heme loss of ferrous hMbn+ with n = 9 and 10.
|
['Apoproteins', 'Gases', 'Heme', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Myoglobin', 'Nitrogen', 'Photons', 'Spectrum Analysis']
| 17,029,463
|
[['D12.776.070'], ['D01.362'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D12.776.210.500.588', 'D12.776.422.316.940'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['G01.249.705', 'G01.358.500.505.650.782', 'G01.590.540.782', 'G01.750.250.650.782', 'G01.750.770.578.782'], ['E05.196.867']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Emotional indicators in drawings of aggressive or withdrawn male delinquents.
|
Under the assumption that similar findings by independent investigators imply a useful level of association between a feature in a drawing and a behavioral or personality trait, the human figure drawings of 200 aggressive or withdrawn male delinquents were evaluated and compared with both undifferentiated delinquents and nondelinquents with the expectation that the former groups would show a higher incidence of those features which have been associated with these respective traits. It was also hypothesized that using the features collectively would increase the accuracy of prediction over using individual characteristics. Significant differences were found for 6 of the 16 features, and predictive power was substantially increased by using all the features as indicators of their respective traits. These drawing characteristics have diagnostic value, but their relatively infrequent occurrence and the presence of most features in the drawings of all four groups require cautious clinical assessment of drawings exhibiting these features.
|
['Adolescent', 'Affective Symptoms', 'Aggression', 'Antisocial Personality Disorder', 'Art', 'Body Image', 'Humans', 'Juvenile Delinquency', 'Male', 'Social Isolation']
| 6,886,958
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.145.126.100'], ['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['F03.675.050'], ['K01.093'], ['F01.752.747.792.110', 'F02.463.593.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.735.479'], ['F01.145.813.781', 'I01.880.853.748']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Start-up research of single phase high solid anaerobic digestion technology for organic waste].
|
Under mesophilic condition (35 degrees C), a bench-scale experiment based on high solid anaerobic digestion process was conducted in a fed-batch single phase reactor. At the start-up stage, the feeding amount of organic waste was modified with the variation of pH value and gas production. The results of this stage showed that 705.77 L of gas production per kg VS added was obtained while the total solids content of the feeding waste was 24.79% and the VS content was 93.04% of TS. After 30 days of the start-up, the pH value ranged between 6.9 and 7.3 in the reactor, and after 50 days the organic loading rate (VS) reached 6.98 kg/(m3 x d) with an HRT of 35 days.
|
['Bacteria, Anaerobic', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Bioreactors', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Refuse Disposal']
| 17,633,656
|
[['B03.130'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['G02.300'], ['D02'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.700', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Phenomenologic relationship of eating disorders to major affective disorder.
|
We administered the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule to 41 patients with a lifetime history of anorexia nervosa (25 with and 16 without bulimia) and to 49 patients with bulimia alone. Results showed that 77% of the patients with eating disorders had a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-III major affective disorder, a rate significantly higher than that found in comparison groups composed of the first-degree relatives of probands with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. High lifetime rates of anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, and kleptomania were also observed. By contrast, few cases of personality disorders and no cases of schizophrenia were found. These findings combine with the results of studies of family history, long-term outcome, response to biological tests, and treatment response to suggest that anorexia nervosa and bulimia may be closely related to major affective disorder.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anorexia Nervosa', 'Anxiety Disorders', 'Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders', 'Feeding and Eating Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperphagia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mood Disorders']
| 6,580,663
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F03.400.125'], ['F03.080'], ['F03.250'], ['F03.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.821.645'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Determination of nicarbazin and clopidol in poultry feeds by liquid chromatography.
|
A rapid and very effective analytical procedure for the simultaneous liquid chromatographic determination of two coccidiostats, clopidol (CLOP) and nicarbazin (NICA), in poultry feeds was developed and tested. The ground feed samples were extracted using aqueous dimethylformamide after moistening with water. Co-extracted feed constituents were removed with a solid-phase extraction alumina-basic column and the eluates were directly analyzed on an ODS column (250x4.6 mm, 5 microm) with acetonitrile-0.01 M acetate buffer (pH 4.6) as eluent. UV detection of CLOP and the 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide portion of NICA was carried out at 265 and 345 nm, respectively. The mean recovery from NICA spiked samples was 95% with a RSD of 4% in a concentration range of 2-150 mg/kg while for CLOP it was 98% with a RSD of 5% in a concentration range of 5-150 mg/kg. The limits of detection of NICA and CLOP in feed, based on a detector signal-to-noise ratio of 3, were estimated to be 1 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively, and the lowest levels tested in feeds by this procedure were 2 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, respectively.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Clopidol', 'Coccidiostats', 'Nicarbazin', 'Poultry', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 10,895,934
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['D03.383.725.180'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100.170'], ['D02.065.199.326.550', 'D02.065.950.681.202.550', 'D02.092.146.113.326.550', 'D02.455.426.559.389.703.202.550', 'D03.383.742.470'], ['B01.050.050.116.625', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690', 'G07.203.300.600.750', 'J02.500.600.750'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Electrogastrographic power ratio in humans is not related to changes in antrum-skin distance but to antral motility.
|
It is not clear whether the power increase in electrogastrography (EGG) after meal or water ingestion reflects increases in gastric motility or gastric distension bringing the stomach closer to the electrodes on the abdominal skin surface. We recorded EGG and real-time ultrasonography simultaneously before and after 150-ml water ingestion in 17 healthy volunteers. We calculated gastric power, by spectral analysis of EGG by the maximum entropy method, for 400 s before and after water ingestion, and calculated their ratio (power ratio). We calculated, using sonography, the number of antral contractions before and after water ingestion, the motility index after water ingestion, the distance between the antrum and the abdominal skin surface before and after water ingestion, and the ratio of these distances (distance ratio). The number of contractions was positively correlated with gastric power before water ingestion, and the antrum-skin distance was negatively correlated with gastric power both before and after water ingestion. The motility index after water ingestion was positively correlated with both gastric power after water ingestion (Spearman's rank correlation r = 0.492; P = 0.0498) and the power ratio (r = 0.615; P = 0.0141). There was no correlation between the distance ratio and the power ratio. These results suggest that the power increase in EGG induced by water ingestion does not reflect the approach of the antrum to the abdominal surface, but rather, reflects antral motility after water ingestion.
|
['Adult', 'Electrodiagnosis', 'Gastrointestinal Motility', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Reference Values', 'Stomach', 'Ultrasonography']
| 9,658,307
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.405'], ['G10.261.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cystic tumors of the pancreas: dynamic CT studies.
|
OBJECTIVE: Our retrospective study was performed to reassess the common dynamic CT manifestations of cystic tumors of the pancreas and to determine whether they might allow the differentiation between benign and malignant tumors.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dynamic CT examinations of 19 patients with 20 cystic tumors of the pancreas, including 7 serous cystadenomas, 3 benign mucinous cystadenomas, 5 mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, 3 mucin-producing duct ectasias, and 2 papillary cystic epithelial neoplasms, were retrospectively reviewed. The examinations were obtained with 4 to 5 mm collimation with intravenous injection of 120-130 ml of contrast agent.RESULTS: Calcifications were found only in benign tumors (seven serous cyst-adenomas). Internal septations were found in benign and malignant tumors (seven serous cystadenomas, three benign mucinous cystadenomas, three mucinous cystadenocarcinomas). Solid excrescences within cystic cavities were found only in malignant tumors (two mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, two mucin-producing duct ectasias). Dynamic CT features allowed the distinguishing of serous cystadenomas from other cystic tumors and mucin-producing duct ectasias from other mucinous tumors. Dynamic CT features did not permit differentiation between benign mucinous cystadenomas, mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, and papillary cystic epithelial neoplasms.CONCLUSION: The review suggests that dynamic CT findings are useful to differentiate (a) serous cystadenomas and mucin-producing duct ectasias from other cystic tumors of the pancreas and (b) benign from malignant tumors. Such differentiation has impact on patient management.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous', 'Cystadenoma, Mucinous', 'Cystadenoma, Serous', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 8,188,910
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.480.225', 'C04.557.470.590.480.225'], ['C04.557.470.035.320.225', 'C04.557.470.590.485.225'], ['C04.557.470.035.320.240', 'C04.557.470.590.485.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.470'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pre-reimbursement: early assessment for coverage decisions.
|
BACKGROUND: In the past decade, the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Health Technology Assessment (LBI-HTA) has introduced two programs: "Horizon Scanning in Oncology" (HSO) and extra medical services ("MELs"), which are to facilitate coverage decisions based on early assessments. This article aims to outline the general process and methods within these two programs.METHODS: A narrative-descriptive synthesis of the literature was performed to outline the general and LBI-HTA-specific processes and methods of early assessments.RESULTS: In total, 79 HSO assessments (2009-2018) and 95 MELs (2008-2018) have been conducted by the LBI-HTA. Recently, additional methods that contribute to European applicability have been introduced into these programs.CONCLUSIONS: Overall, pre-coverage decisions based on early assessment reports are dependent on the existing evidence. However, the organisation of the health care system and the cross-linking between decision-makers and HTA institutions can have an impact.
|
['Decision Making, Organizational', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Equipment and Supplies', 'Humans', 'Medical Oncology', 'Technology Assessment, Biomedical']
| 30,725,442
|
[['N04.452.190'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['E07'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.429.515'], ['N03.880', 'N05.715.360.825']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Acute interstitial nephritis with predominant plasmacytic infiltration in patients with HIV-1 infection.
|
We describe a new form of acute interstitial nephritis with predominant plasmacytic infiltration in 2 patients with active human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection. Clinical features included acute kidney injury and proteinuria, but no sicca syndrome. Acute kidney injury was characterized by a high serum creatinine level and nephrotic syndrome with no hematuria or leukocyturia. Kidney biopsy specimens from both patients showed interstitial infiltration by mononuclear cells composed mainly of CD138(+) plasmacytes and diffuse effacement of podocyte foot processes with no deposits. In one patient with Guillain-Barr? syndrome, a sural nerve biopsy showed plasmacyte infiltration and immunohistochemistry was strongly positive for HIV-1 p24 protein. In both patients, minor salivary glands and bone marrow were infiltrated by lymphocytes, consistent with B-cell activation induced by HIV-1 infection. Other common causes of acute interstitial nephritis, including B-cell lymphoma and diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome, were actively looked for and excluded. Treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy was effective; symptoms rapidly improved, serum creatinine level decreased, and proteinuria resolved. Exclusion of other common known causes of acute interstitial nephritis and the dramatic response with highly active antiretroviral therapy suggests HIV-1 as a likely cause. The acute interstitial nephritis probably was induced by HIV-1-driven nonspecific B-cell activation. Further investigations are needed to confirm the direct pathogenic role of HIV-1.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active', 'Biopsy', 'Cell Movement', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Lymphocytosis', 'Nephritis, Interstitial', 'Plasma Cells', 'Syndecan-1', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,342,319
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E02.319.310.075'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['C15.378.553.475.604'], ['C12.777.419.570.643', 'C13.351.968.419.570.643'], ['A11.063.438.725', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562.725', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562.725', 'A15.382.032.438.725', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562.725'], ['D12.776.395.550.847.100', 'D12.776.395.650.350.500.100', 'D12.776.543.550.847.100'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The use of freon in caloric tests (author's transl)].
|
The author describes a gaseous caloric test using Freon to cool the tympanic membrane. The experiment was used to study the temperature of the tympanic membrane and its variation in relation to the temperature of the material containing the Freon. It was found that the tympanic response was stereotyped if the temperature of such material was between 22 and 30 degrees. Comparison with the aqueous caloric test showed twice as long a recovery time for the latter. Study of nystagmographic tracings in 36 patients tested successively with Freon in Bruning's positions I and IV and with water at 30 and 44 degrees showed constant relations and a great similarity in responses. Clinical study of a number of cases also showed identical responses. Statistical calculation revealed satisfactory correlation coefficients between the two methods. The single test using Freon thus represents a rapid and quantitative method for the investigation of vestibular function. It is a useful test in everyday practise.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Body Temperature', 'Caloric Tests', 'Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane', 'Electronystagmography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Labyrinth Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Tympanic Membrane', 'Vestibular Function Tests']
| 7,436,235
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['E01.370.382.900.150'], ['D02.455.526.439.220.300', 'D02.455.526.510.140.300'], ['E01.370.380.230.280', 'E01.370.382.900.280', 'E01.370.405.245.787.280', 'E01.370.405.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C09.218.568'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A09.246.272.702'], ['E01.370.382.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Neonatal heart failure and Marfan syndrome].
|
We report the case of a neonate admitted to the hospital in the 4th day of life in severe heart failure due to aortic and mitral regurgitation with a largely dilated aortic root. The associated skeletal features involving the superior and inferior limbs as well as the thorax, and joint hypermobility, allowed the clinical diagnosis of Marfan syndrome. Despite favorable initial response to medical therapy, sudden deterioration led to death two weeks after birth. Typical necroscopic findings were confirmed and the case is considered the most severe clinical manifestation possible to be found in this syndrome.
|
['Fatal Outcome', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Marfan Syndrome']
| 9,239,874
|
[['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C05.116.099.674', 'C14.240.400.725', 'C14.280.400.725', 'C16.131.077.550', 'C16.131.240.400.720', 'C16.320.540', 'C17.300.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Best oxygenation index on day 1: a reliable marker for outcome and survival in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
|
AIM OF THE STUDY: Severe lung hypoplasia and persistent pulmonary hypertension are the main determining factors of survival in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). The oxygenation index (ratio of delivered oxygen and its arterial level) closely reflects lung function. Single-institution studies have reported that best oxygenation index on day 1 of life (BOI-d1) is the most reliable postnatal predictor of survival in CDH. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of BOI-d1 in four disparate high volume centers in Europe.METHODS: A retrospective, multicenter study of infants with CDH born between 2000 and 2009 in four European tertiary institutions was conducted. Ethical approval was obtained from institutional review boards. Centers no. 1 and. 4 offered extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), whereas center no. 3 offered fetal endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) in fetuses defined as poor prognosis (lung-to-head ratio [LHR]? 1.0 and "liver-up" position). Prenatal LHR and perinatal variables, including gestational age, birth weight, defect side, liver position, BOI-d1, and patch requirement, were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine cutoff values for continuous variables. Comparison was made between survivors and nonsurvivors using univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis, p<0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS: A total of 235 infants (center no. 1, n=29; no. 2, n=64; no. 3, n=113; and no. 4, n=29) were included. One infant required (2%) ECMO and 66 (28%) had FETO. LHR was available in 83 patients (36%). Overall survival (discharge from hospital) and 28-day survival were 67.6% (n=159) and 72.3% (n=170), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that significant categorical predictors of 28-day survival were liver-down position (p<0.0001), LHR >1 (p=0.003), and primary repair (p=0.02) but not defect side (p=0.83). Area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve for continuous variables; gestational age, birth weight, and BOI-d1 were 0.70, 0.68, and 0.88, respectively. AUROC for BOI-d1 (28-day survival) was 0.91 and had sensitivities (73 and 91%) and specificities (92 and 80%) for cutoffs of 40 and 82, respectively.CONCLUSION: This multicenter study showed, that except from the defect side, all the prenatal variables studied have predictive value but the most useful is BOI-d1. This is simple to calculate and represents an excellent marker for lung function and a reliable early postnatal predictor of survival.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'Female', 'Fetal Therapies', 'Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Oxygen', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pregnancy', 'Prognosis', 'ROC Curve', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 25,560,249
|
[['D23.101'], ['E02.880.301', 'E04.292.451'], ['E02.467'], ['C16.131.433', 'C23.300.707.960.500.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Modeling and real-time prediction of classical swine fever epidemics.
|
We propose a new method to analyze outbreak data of an infectious disease such as classical swine fever. The underlying model is a two-type branching process. It is used to deduce information concerning the epidemic from detected cases. In particular, the method leads to prediction of the future course of the epidemic and hence can be used as a basis for control policy decisions. We test the model with data from the large 1997-1998 classical swine fever epidemic in The Netherlands. It turns out that our results are in good agreement with the data.
|
['Animals', 'Classical Swine Fever', 'Classical Swine Fever Virus', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Epidemiologic Methods', 'Models, Statistical', 'Netherlands', 'Swine']
| 11,892,689
|
[['B01.050'], ['C01.925.782.350.675.200', 'C22.905.170'], ['B04.820.578.344.700.125'], ['N06.850.290'], ['E05.318', 'N06.850.520'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['Z01.542.651'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Impulse activity in presynaptic dendrites: analysis of mitral cells in the isolated turtle olfactory bulb.
|
Impulse activity has been reported in neuronal dendrites in several regions of the central nervous system, where it is believed to assist in boosting transmission of signals from remote dendritic sites to the cell body. We have studied this activity in the dendrites of mitral cells in an isolated preparation of the turtle olfactory bulb. Intracellular recordings have been obtained from mitral cells responding to single volleys in the olfactory nerves or lateral olfactory tract. In addition to the large somatic spike, a small fast prepotential (FPP) was present in nearly all cells in response to an orthodromic volley in the olfactory nerves, but it was never seen in antidromic responses from the lateral olfactory tract. Collision tests using antidromic and orthodromic volleys showed that the EPP does not propagate into the axon. Hyperpolarizing current injections caused delay and blocking of the soma spike with little effect on the FPP response. These and other tests provided evidence to localize the EPP in the dendrites and to distinguish it from injury potentials and from spikes in the axon hillock or axonal initial segment. These results suggest that one function of the impulse in mitral cell dendrites is the classical one of boosting transmission of synaptic responses from the glomerular tuft to the cell body. In addition, it si well established that mitral cell dendrites are presynaptic to the dendrites of interneurons within the bulb and that these connections provide pathways for recurrent inhibition of the mitral cells. It therefore appears that the dendritic impulse in mitral cells acts as a booster for local dendritic synaptic output. These results provide further evidence for the multiple state-dependent input-output functions of cells with presynaptic dendrites.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Dendrites', 'Olfactory Bulb', 'Synapses', 'Synaptic Transmission', 'Turtles']
| 6,279,800
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.675.256', 'A11.284.180.225', 'A11.671.240'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.388'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.848']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
CNN-based ranking for biomedical entity normalization.
|
BACKGROUND: Most state-of-the-art biomedical entity normalization systems, such as rule-based systems, merely rely on morphological information of entity mentions, but rarely consider their semantic information. In this paper, we introduce a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture that regards biomedical entity normalization as a ranking problem and benefits from semantic information of biomedical entities.RESULTS: The CNN-based ranking method first generates candidates using handcrafted rules, and then ranks the candidates according to their semantic information modeled by CNN as well as their morphological information. Experiments on two benchmark datasets for biomedical entity normalization show that our proposed CNN-based ranking method outperforms traditional rule-based method with state-of-the-art performance.CONCLUSIONS: We propose a CNN architecture that regards biomedical entity normalization as a ranking problem. Comparison results show that semantic information is beneficial to biomedical entity normalization and can be well combined with morphological information in our CNN architecture for further improvement.
|
['Algorithms', 'Biomedical Research', 'Databases as Topic', 'Humans', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Reference Standards', 'Semantics']
| 28,984,180
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['H01.770.644.145'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188', 'L01.470.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['E05.978.808'], ['L01.559.598.745']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Patient surveys as an element of quality management in outpatient care: development and assessment of a questionnaire].
|
OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to develop and assess a questionnaire measuring all relevant quality dimensions of general practice care from the patients' perspective. Furthermore, the study aimed to evaluate the implementation of a patient survey in outpatient care.METHODS: Based on the K?lner Patientenfragebogen (KPF) and by developing some additional new items, we created the new questionnaire KPF-A (K?lner Patientenfragebogen-ambulant) which covers all relevant aspects of outpatient care. The questionnaire was distributed to the patients of 41 GP's and specialists in ambulatory care from different regions of Germany. N=3188 patients were included in the sample. We used these data to assess some selected psychometric characteristics of the KPF-A. Factor analysis was used to examine the underlying factor structure. A qualitative study was conducted to evaluate the implementation of the patient survey. Therefore, all N=41 doctors involved were asked to complete five open questions concerning their experience.RESULTS: Most scales of the KPF-A showed good psychometric characteristics in the present study. Factor analysis revealed a two-factors solution for the new items representing the dimensions "professional competence" and "medical equipment". We have not yet been able to find a sound factor solution for those items representing the dimension "Staff and Organisation". The results of the qualitative study revealed a satisfying implementation of the patient survey in daily routine from the doctors' perspective. The length of the questionnaire was criticised by some participants. In the design of the study patients were supposed to fill in the questionnaires after consultation. This turned out to be difficult. We therefore modified the KPF-A so that patients can fill it in either before or after consultation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Clinical Competence', 'Family Practice', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medicine', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Program Evaluation', 'Psychometrics', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Specialization', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Total Quality Management']
| 18,080,929
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['H02.811'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['N04.452.955', 'N04.761.700.675', 'N05.700.792']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
MRI abnormalities in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
|
Two patients with biopsy-proven Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease had MRI studies that revealed increased signal in the basal ganglia on T-2 weighted images, suggesting that MRI can be a useful diagnostic instrument in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
|
['Basal Ganglia', 'Biopsy', 'Caudate Nucleus', 'Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 8,278,035
|
[['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.550.184'], ['C01.207.800.230', 'C10.228.140.380.165', 'C10.228.228.800.230', 'F03.615.400.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Dural arteriovenous fistulas with intracranial hemorrhage: diagnostic and therapeutic aspects].
|
Seven patients presented with intracranial hemorrhage due to arteriovenous dural fistula. Six patients showed intracerebral hemorrhage combined with subdural hematoma and intraventricular hemorrhage in one case respectively, and one patient had infratentorial subarachnoid hemorrhage. Location of the fistulae was frontobasal (n=2), tentorium (n=2), transverse sinus (n=2), and superior sagittal sinus (n=1). Angiography revealed reflux into cortical veins in all cases. Therapy was surgery in both cases with fistula of the anterior cranial fossa with good results. An endovascular intraarterial therapy was performed in a case with circumscribed fistula of the superior sagittal sinus, this patient developed a second dural fistula during follow-up. Two patients with tentorial fistulae had primary endovascular treatment complicated by infarction of both thalami in one case and a recurrence of the fistula in the other. In the last case the fistula was closed by surgery. Out of two patients with widespread fistulae of the transverse sinus one made a good clinical recovery and the other remained unchanged. In the first case definite closure of a remnant of the fistula was refused, in the second no further therapy was recommended.
|
['Aged', 'Arteriovenous Fistula', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Female', 'Hematoma, Subdural', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Hemorrhages', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Recurrence', 'Subarachnoid Hemorrhage', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures']
| 12,582,941
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.240.850.750.147', 'C14.240.850.984.750', 'C14.907.150.125', 'C14.907.933.555', 'C16.131.240.850.750.125', 'C23.300.575.950.250'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.450.400', 'C10.900.300.837.600', 'C14.907.253.573.400.450', 'C23.550.414.838.700', 'C23.550.414.913.700', 'C26.915.300.490.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.535', 'C14.907.253.573', 'C23.550.414.913'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.800', 'C14.907.253.573.800', 'C23.550.414.913.850'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E04.100.814']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Trauma-induced alterations in cognition and Arc expression are reduced by previous exposure to 56Fe irradiation.
|
Exposure to ionizing irradiation may affect brain functions directly, but may also change tissue sensitivity to a secondary insult such as trauma, stroke, or degenerative disease. To determine if a low dose of particulate irradiation sensitizes the brain to a subsequent injury, C56BL6 mice were exposed to brain only irradiation with 0.5 Gy of (56) Fe ions. Two months later, unilateral traumatic brain injury was induced using a controlled cortical impact system. Three weeks after trauma, animals received multiple BrdU injections and 30 days later were tested for cognitive performance in the Morris water maze. All animals were able to locate the visible and hidden platform during training; however, treatment effects were seen when spatial memory retention was assessed in the probe trial (no platform). Although sham and irradiated animals showed spatial memory retention, mice that received trauma alone did not. When trauma was preceded by irradiation, performance in the water maze was not different from sham-treated animals, suggesting that low-dose irradiation had a protective effect in the context of a subsequent traumatic injury. Measures of hippocampal neurogenesis showed that combined injury did not induce any changes greater that those seen after trauma or radiation alone. After trauma, there was a significant decrease in the percentage of neurons expressing the behaviorally induced immediate early gene Arc in both hemispheres, without associated neuronal loss. After combined injury there were no differences relative to sham-treated mice. Our results suggest that combined injury resulted in decreased alterations of our endpoints compared to trauma alone. Although the underlying mechanisms are not yet known, these results resemble a preconditioning, adaptive, or inducible-like protective response, where a sublethal or potentially injurious stimulus (i.e., irradiation) induces tolerance to a subsequent and potentially more damaging insult (trauma).
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Brain Injuries', 'Cognition', 'Cytoskeletal Proteins', 'Male', 'Maze Learning', 'Mice', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Neurogenesis', 'Neurons']
| 21,192,069
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['F02.463.188'], ['D12.776.220'], ['F02.463.425.874.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.631'], ['G04.152.912', 'G07.345.500.325.377.687', 'G08.686.784.170.450.500', 'G11.561.620'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Biochemical diagnosis of sialidosis in a child with a "cherry spot" in the fundus oculi as the main clinical symptom of the disease].
|
Biochemical study of a 6 years old child with decreased visus and cherry red spot but without any somatic and mental abnormalities was carried out. Leukocyte lysosomal hydrolases exhibited a distinct deficiency of neuraminidase activity in the child and a decrease of the enzyme activity in the parents of the child. The neuraminidase activity in leukocytes of mother and father constituted 37% and 53% of the control values, respectively; these data enabled to consider the parents as heterozygotes. Excretion of total sialylolygosaccharides with urine was increased 4-5-fold in the patient as compared with suitable controls. It was concluded that the patient studied was affected by sialidosis of the type I.
|
['Adult', 'Child', 'Clinical Enzyme Tests', 'Female', 'Fundus Oculi', 'Hexosaminidases', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes', 'Lysosomes', 'Male', 'Neuraminidase', 'Oligosaccharides', 'beta-Galactosidase', 'beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases']
| 6,241,373
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.225.124.200', 'E05.196.427.200', 'E05.200.124.200'], ['A09.371.729.313'], ['D08.811.277.450.483'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.550'], ['D08.811.277.450.692'], ['D09.698.629'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.100'], ['D08.811.277.450.483.180']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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