Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Long-term use of a high-complex-carbohydrate, high-fiber, low-fat diet and exercise in the treatment of NIDDM patients.
|
The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term effects of a high-complex-carbohydrate, high-fiber, low-fat diet and exercise on 69 NIDDM patients. During the initial 26-day program, fasting glucose was reduced from 179.5 +/- 10.6 to 133.5 +/- 4.0 mg/dl. This decrease in fasting glucose was achieved along with the discontinuation of oral hypoglycemic agents in 24 of 31 patients and of insulin in 13 of 18 patients; one patient was placed on insulin. Serum cholesterol and triglycerides were reduced by 25% and 27%, respectively. At 2-3 yr of follow-up, fasting glucose was not significantly different from the value observed at the end of the 26-day program. Compared with the end of the 26-day program, seven more patients were taking oral agents and four more were on insulin. Exercise and diet inventories obtained at follow-up indicated good compliance to the program and also indicated that the main difference between those patients who went back on medication at follow-up compared with those remaining off medication was the percent of calories derived from fat.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Glucose', 'Cholesterol', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Diet, Diabetic', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Dietary Fats', 'Dietary Fiber', 'Energy Intake', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Time Factors', 'Triglycerides']
| 6,307,614
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['E02.642.249.240', 'G07.203.650.240.240'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['D09.301.416', 'G07.203.300.400', 'J02.500.400'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of high-tech AAC system position on the joint attention of infants without disabilities.
|
Joint attention is critical for language development in children. Children with complex communication needs have additional challenges in managing their joint attention, and there is minimal information on how to reduce these demands. Sixteen infants without disabilities and their caregivers participated in a within-subjects design with two storybook reading interactions. In reading, the researcher either held a high-tech AAC system directly in front of herself (aligned with eye-gaze) or to the side (divided from eye-gaze). The frequency and duration of coordinated and passive joint attention episodes were analyzed. The aligned condition resulted in significantly greater frequency and duration of coordinated joint attention than passive joint attention in episodes involving the AAC system. Age was significantly related to frequency and duration of joint attention only in the aligned condition. Future directions and clinical implications are discussed.
|
['Aging', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Attention', 'Caregivers', 'Communication Aids for Disabled', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Psychological Tests', 'Reading', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Time Factors']
| 19,639,478
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['E07.796.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F04.711'], ['L01.559.423.557'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Repeatability of primary selective laser trabeculoplasty in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma.
|
To determine if primary selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) can be repeated with clinical benefit in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Forty-two eyes of 42 patients with POAG were studied. All patients underwent primary SLT treatment of 40-50 shots to the trabecular meshwork over 360°. The treatment response at the initial post-SLT visit (4 weeks), and second post-SLT visit (mean 4 months), clinical success and duration of clinical success were measured. SLT was repeated in all patients after failure to maintain target intraocular pressure (IOP). The same parameters were measured after repeat SLT. The main outcome measures were success of treatment (as defined by reduction of IOP by at least 20 % and below an individually determined target pressure), duration of treatment success and reduction in IOP. No significant difference between initial and repeat treatments was found for mean reduction in IOP or success rate, or duration of success. Survival analysis found significantly longer benefit for repeat treatment compared to initial treatment (P < 0.01). Repeat SLT treatment in eyes with POAG has similar efficacy to primary SLT treatment with respect to reduction in IOP and success rates, produces a longer duration of treatment success.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Glaucoma, Open-Angle', 'Humans', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Laser Therapy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Trabecular Meshwork', 'Trabeculectomy']
| 23,371,484
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C11.525.381.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G14.440'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A09.371.060.932'], ['E04.540.450.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Underascertainment of child abuse mortality in the United States.
|
CONTEXT: Mortality figures in the United States are believed to underestimate the incidence of fatal child abuse.OBJECTIVES: To describe the true incidence of fatal child abuse, determine the proportion of child abuse deaths missed by the vital records system, and provide estimates of the extent of abuse homicides in young children.DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective descriptive study of child abuse homicides that occurred over a 10-year period in North Carolina from 1985-1994.CASES: The Medical Examiner Information System was searched for all cases of children younger than 11 years classified with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes E960 to E969 as the underlying cause of death and homicide as the manner of death. A total of 273 cases were identified in the search and 259 cases were reviewed after exclusion of fetal deaths and deaths of children who were not residents of North Carolina.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Child abuse homicide.RESULTS: Of the 259 homicides, 220 (84.9%) were due to child abuse, 22 (8.5%) were not related to abuse, and the status of 17 (6.6%) could not be determined. The rate of child abuse homicide increased from 1.5 per 100000 person-years in 1985 to 2.8 in 1994. Of all 259 child homicides, the state vital records system underrecorded the coding of those due to battering or abuse by 58.7%. Black children were killed at 3 times the rate of white children (4.3 per 100000 vs 1.3 per 100000). Males made up 65.5% (133/203) of the known probable assailants. Biological parents accounted for 63% of the perpetrators of fatal child abuse. From 1985 through 1996, 9467 homicides among US children younger than 11 years were estimated to be due to abuse rather than the 2973 reported. The ICD-9 cause of death coding underascertained abuse homicides by an estimated 61.6%.CONCLUSIONS: Using medical examiner data, we found that significant underascertainment of child abuse homicides in vital records systems persists despite greater societal attention to abuse fatalities. Improved recording of such incidences should be a priority so that prevention strategies can be appropriately targeted and outcomes monitored, especially in light of the increasing rates.
|
['African Americans', 'Child', 'Child Abuse', 'Child, Preschool', 'Coroners and Medical Examiners', 'Data Collection', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Homicide', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'North Carolina', 'Regression Analysis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'United States', 'Vital Statistics']
| 10,442,662
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['I01.198.240.856.350.250', 'I01.880.735.900.350.250'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['M01.526.485.230', 'N02.360.230'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['I01.198.240.470', 'I01.880.735.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.475', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.530'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['E05.318.308.985', 'N01.224.935', 'N06.850.505.400.975', 'N06.850.520.308.985']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Uptake and metabolism of thyroid hormones by cultured monkey hepatocarcinoma cells. Effects of potassium cyanide and dinitrophenol.
|
Cultured monkey hepatocarcinoma cell (NCLP-6E) were used to investigate the uptake and metabolism of thyroid hormones. Intracellular accumulation was shown by the failure to acutely release hormone from cells subsequently exposed to serum proteins, and by the metabolic trnasformation of the hormones to deiodinated products and their sulfates. When hepatocarcinoma cell monolayers were studied at hormone concentrations below 10(-10) M, neither KCN nor dinitrophenol inhibited uptake. Taken together with previous findings that uptake was neither saturable nor reduced at low temperature, these results indicate that this process was not active transport. Deiodination of both the phenolic and non-phenolic rings, however, was partially inhibited by KCN but not by dinitrophenol. Sulfation of 3,3'-diiodothyronine and 3'-monoiodothyronine was strongly inhibited by both KCN and dinitrophenol. Uptake of the hormones and their metabolites was also measured in suspended hepatocarcinoma cells and compared with the uptake by normal rat hepatocytes, human fibroblasts and human lymphocytes. In these experiments 1 micrometer triidothyronine and 0.47 mM dinitrophenol were used to inhibit deiodination and sulfation, respectively. Uptake was similar in all cell types. Accumulation was highest with 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine, intermediate with other compounds having iodines in both rings, lowest with compounds iodinated in only one ring, and absent with iodothronine sulfates. These findings help to explain the relative rates of metabolism of the iodothyronines and their release from the cells.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport, Active', 'Cell Line', 'Cyanides', 'Dinitrophenols', 'Liver', 'Liver Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Thyroid Hormones', 'Thyroxine', 'Triiodothyronine']
| 567,494
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143.310'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D01.248.497.158.291', 'D01.625.400.100'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.566.304', 'D02.640.743.304'], ['A03.620'], ['C04.588.274.623.460', 'C04.619.540', 'C06.301.623.460', 'C06.552.697.580', 'E05.598.500.496.750'], ['D06.472.931'], ['D06.472.931.812', 'D12.125.072.050.767'], ['D06.472.931.740.385', 'D12.125.072.050.767.741.894']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Contrast sensitivity after wave front-guided LASIK.
|
PURPOSE: To compare the effects on contrast sensitivity of wave front-guided (WFG) versus standard LASIK.DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized, comparative clinical study.PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-four eyes of 13 consecutive patients (mean age, 25.2+/-8.4 years; spherical equivalent, -0.5 to -4.25 diopters [D]) treated with WFG LASIK (WaveLight-Allegretto scanning-spot laser and wave front analyzer) and 22 eyes of 12 consecutive patients (mean age, 28.4+/-9.1 years; spherical equivalent, -0.75 to -4.5 D) treated with standard LASIK (WaveLight-Allegretto scanning-spot laser).METHODS: Best-corrected contrast sensitivity was measured before and 1 month after surgery in both the WFG LASIK group and the standard LASIK group. A sine-wave contrast sensitivity test (functional acuity contrast test) was used to measure contrast sensitivity at 5 spatial frequencies (1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 18 cycles/degree). We compared the LASIK-induced changes in contrast sensitivity in each groups at each spatial frequency.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The effect on contrast sensitivity of WFG LASIK versus standard LASIK.RESULTS: Uncorrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better was achieved by 72% of eyes treated with WFG LASIK and by 70% of the eyes treated with standard LASIK. One month after LASIK, 88% of the contrast sensitivity measurements improved in the WFG LASIK group, whereas in the standard LASIK group, only 40% of the contrast sensitivity measurements improved. The contrast sensitivity improvement was significantly larger in the WFG LASIK group at all spatial frequencies (P<0.05). The WFG LASIK patients had a negative correlation between the changes in contrast sensitivity and the preoperative refractive error.CONCLUSIONS: The ability of WFG LASIK to correct optical aberrations results in significantly improved contrast sensitivity compared with standard LASIK 1 month after surgery.
|
['Adult', 'Contrast Sensitivity', 'Cornea', 'Humans', 'Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ', 'Myopia', 'Prospective Studies']
| 15,019,318
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.380.850.950.500', 'F02.463.593.778.435.110', 'F02.463.593.932.281', 'F02.463.593.932.901.500', 'G14.940.500'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594.480.750', 'E04.014.520.480.750', 'E04.378.500.750', 'E04.540.825.437.374'], ['C11.744.636'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Covalent modification of nitrogenase MoFe protein by ADP.
|
MgADP- reacted with the nitrogenase molybdenum-iron (MoFe) protein of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp1) over a period of 2 h to yield a stable, catalytically active conjugate. The isolated protein exhibited a new, broad 31P NMR resonance at -1 p.p.m. lacking phosphorus J coupling. The adenine ring of [8-14C]ADP remained associated with the conjugate. A covalently bound nucleotide was identified as AMP by NMR and TLC. Extended dialysis of Kp1 against MgADP- resulted in further AMP binding at the protein surface. ADP was initially bound tightly to Kp1 at a site distinct from the AMP sites. ATP did not replace ADP. The time course of the formation of the Kp1-AMP was altered by the nitrogenase iron protein (Kp2) and was dependent on redox potential. Kp1-AMP was stable to concentration and oxidation with ferricyanide ion at -350 mV. Slow hydrolysis of Kp1-AMP over a period of 6 h yielded AMP and unaltered Kp1. The adenine ring of ADP exchanged with adenine of MgATP2- during reductant-limited turnover of nitrogenase under N2, indicating reversibility of ATP hydrolysis at 15 degrees C. [32P]Pi exchanged with the terminal phosphate group of both ADP and ATP on incubation with Kp1. 32P exchange and the catalytic activity of Kp1 were inhibited by a 20-fold molar excess of the lysine-modifying reagent, o-phthalaldehyde (OPT). Preincubation with MgADP- protected against OPT inactivation. Two potentially reactive lysine residues on the alpha chain of the MoFe protein near a putative hydrophobic docking site for the nitrogenase Fe protein are proposed as sites of OPT and nucleotide binding. Azotobacter vinelandii MoFe protein (Av1) also formed an AMP adduct but Kp2 did not. Catalase did not interact with ADP. The reactions of the nitrogenase MoFe protein with adenine nucleotides have no counterpart in known protein-nucleotide interactions.
|
['Adenosine Diphosphate', 'Klebsiella pneumoniae', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Molybdoferredoxin', 'Nitrogenase', 'Protein Binding']
| 9,148,743
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124', 'D13.695.667.138.124', 'D13.695.827.068.124'], ['B03.440.450.425.425.600', 'B03.660.250.150.400.590'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D08.811.682.647.550', 'D12.776.097.350.450', 'D12.776.157.427.374.375.275.450', 'D12.776.556.579.374.375.275.450'], ['D08.811.682.647'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Role of transportation in the persuasion process: cognitive and affective responses to antidrug narratives.
|
This study examined transportation effects of first- and third-person narratives as well as the role of transportation in the persuasion process. In particular, the authors evaluated the role of transportation in affecting cognitive and affective responses. Last, they addressed the relation between (a) cognitive and affective responses and (b) antidrug expectancies. Participants were 500 undergraduate students at a large northern university in the United Kingdom who were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 conditions: first- or third-person narratives on cocaine use. The results demonstrated that there was no difference between first- and third-person narratives in terms of transportation. However, overall, greater transportation was associated with more favorable cognitive responses, and more favorable cognitive response was associated with stronger anticocaine expectancies. In terms of affective responses, results indicated the mediating role of sadness and contentment in the association between transportation and anticocaine expectancies. In particular, increased transportation was associated with greater sadness and lower contentment. Lower sadness and contentment were associated with stronger anticocaine expectancies. Important theoretical and empirical implications are discussed.
|
['Adult', 'Affect', 'Cocaine-Related Disorders', 'Cognition', 'Female', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Narration', 'Persuasive Communication', 'Program Evaluation', 'Transportation', 'United Kingdom', 'Young Adult']
| 22,475,073
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['C25.775.300', 'F03.900.300'], ['F02.463.188'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.502', 'F01.145.209.459', 'L01.399.250.660', 'N05.715.360.300.480', 'N06.850.520.308.502'], ['L01.143.762'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['J01.937'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Pancreatic alkaline phosphatase and a tumour variant.
|
Alkaline phosphatase has been extracted from human pancreas with n-butanol and has been shown to have distinctive isoenzyme characteristics when compared with the enzymes of small intestine and of normal serum. The enzyme has been demonstrated histochemically in a carcinoma of the pancreas and also in an islet cell tumour and the tumour enzyme has been shown to be unique, not only electrophoretically, but in being remarkably heat sensitive and in being activated by low molarities of urea.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adenoma, Islet Cell', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Bone and Bones', 'Carcinoma', 'Electrophoresis, Disc', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Intestine, Small', 'Isoenzymes', 'Liver', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Phenylalanine', 'Urea']
| 4,341,740
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['C04.557.470.035.100', 'C04.588.274.761.249', 'C04.588.322.475.249', 'C06.301.761.249', 'C06.689.667.249', 'C19.344.421.249'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['E05.196.401.402.236', 'E05.301.300.319.403'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['A03.620'], ['A03.734'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells cultured as spheroids are self-activated to produce prostaglandin E2 that directs stimulated macrophages into an anti-inflammatory phenotype.
|
Culturing cells in three dimension (3D) provides an insight into their characteristics in vivo. We previously reported that human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) cultured as 3D spheroids acquire enhanced anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we explored the effects of hMSC spheroids on macrophages that are critical cells in the regulation of inflammation. Conditioned medium (CM) from hMSC spheroids inhibited lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages from secreting proinflammatory cytokines TNFá, CXCL2, IL6, IL12p40, and IL23. CM also increased the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL10 and IL1ra by the stimulated macrophages, and augmented expression of CD206, a marker of alternatively activated M2 macrophages. The principal anti-inflammatory activity in CM had a small molecular weight, and microarray data suggested that it was prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). This was confirmed by the observations that PGE2 levels were markedly elevated in hMSC spheroid-CM, and that the anti-inflammatory activity was abolished by an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a silencing RNA for COX-2, and an antibody to PGE2. The anti-inflammatory effects of the PGE2 on stimulated macrophages were mediated by the EP4 receptor. Spheroids formed by human adult dermal fibroblasts produced low levels of PGE2 and displayed negligible anti-inflammatory effects on stimulated macrophages, suggesting the features as unique to hMSCs. Moreover, production of PGE2 by hMSC spheroids was dependent on the activity of caspases and NFêB activation in the hMSCs. The results indicated that hMSCs in 3D-spheroid cultures are self-activated, in part by intracellular stress responses, to produce PGE2 that can change stimulated macrophages from a primarily proinflammatory M1 phenotype to a more anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype.
|
['Antibodies', 'Caspases', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Culture Media, Conditioned', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors', 'Cytokines', 'Dinoprostone', 'Fibroblasts', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Lectins, C-Type', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Macrophage Activation', 'Macrophages', 'Mannose-Binding Lectins', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'NF-kappa B', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype', 'Signal Transduction', 'Spheroids, Cellular']
| 22,865,689
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126', 'D12.644.360.075.405', 'D12.776.476.075.405'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['D27.720.470.305.250', 'E07.206.250'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['D27.505.519.389.310.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500.500'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.250.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250.200'], ['A11.329.228'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.503.280'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['G12.287.500'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['D12.776.503.311'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.200.700.600.400'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.251.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Fragmentation of therapeutic human immunoglobulin preparations.
|
Some commercial batches of human therapeutic immunoglobulins (Ig) have been found to show evidence of molecular fragmentation when examined by molecular sizing methodologies including sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [SDS-PAGE] and size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC). These batches all demonstrated impaired immunobiological activity (efficacy) as assessed by Fc function measured using a rubella haemolytic assay and as such are likely to be subpotent for therapeutic use. Fragmented Igs were characterized by the presence of at least three protein bands and peaks additional to monomeric IgG. Incubation of Igs with blood enzymes (plasmin and kallikrein) reproduced the fragmentation patterns observed for intrinsically degraded batches, suggesting that fragmentation occurred by contamination with these proteases from the source material (human blood) during manufacture. Intravenous Igs (IVIG) were found to be more susceptible to proteolysis than intramuscular Igs, probably as a consequence of the post-fractionation processing that some IVIGs receive which may induce molecular alterations, allowing enzyme access and fragmentation. Two of the products examined were found to be relatively resistant to proteolysis and both were formulated by processes that limit enzyme activity. These processes were inclusion of an enzyme inhibitor, alpha 2-macroglobulin, and formulation at acidic pH. Enzyme carry-over into the final product is a likely cause of Ig fragmentation, and reduction in levels of such contamination should lead to improvements in product stability and efficacy.
|
['Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry, Physical', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Hydrolysis', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Quality Control', 'Serine Endopeptidases']
| 8,578,729
|
[['G02'], ['H01.181.529'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['G02.380'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['D12.644.541'], ['J01.897.608'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prognostic impact of ALDH1 in breast cancer: a story of stem cells and tumor microenvironment.
|
The concept of cancer cells being hierarchically organized and arising from their own progenitor stem cells will have important implications on cancer therapy. If this hypothesis were to be true then the paucity of estrogen receptors in stem cells as well as their inherent drug resistance mechanisms pose a challenge to current targeted therapies. In this study, we sought to examine the prognostic relevance of ALDH1, a putative cancer stem cell marker, by immunohistochemistry. The four cohorts analyzed included an adjuvantly treated series of 245 invasive cancers, a neoadjuvantly treated series of 34 cases, and two series of 58 and 40 triple negative cases, respectively. Both tumor cell and stromal expression for ALDH1 was evaluated, where possible. Tumor cell ALDH1 expression significantly correlated only with basal-like and HER2 tumor types in the adjuvant series and tumor grade in the neoadjuvant cohort. No significant enrichment for ALDH1 positive cells was observed in the postneoadjuvant therapy specimens compared to pretreatment samples. On the other hand, high degree of stromal expression was significantly associated with best disease-free survival as well as a trend for overall survival. The association of stromal expression was confirmed in an independent cohort of triple negative cases. The novel finding is that tumor microenvironment may play a significant role in determining the prognostic impact of stem/progenitor cells in human breast tumors.
|
['Aldehyde Dehydrogenase', 'Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Isoenzymes', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Neoadjuvant Therapy', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Neoplastic Stem Cells', 'Prognosis', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'Receptors, Estrogen', 'Receptors, Progesterone', 'Retinal Dehydrogenase', 'Tissue Array Analysis']
| 19,911,270
|
[['D08.811.682.657.163.249'], ['D08.811.682.657.163.249.188'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E02.186.450'], ['E01.789.625'], ['A11.872.650'], ['E01.789'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['D12.776.826.750.350', 'D12.776.930.778.350'], ['D12.776.826.750.765'], ['D08.811.682.657.163.249.875', 'D12.776.331.915', 'D12.776.556.579.374.687'], ['E05.588.570.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Natural killer activity against human K562 tumour cells during Plasmodium cynomolgi malarial infection of rhesus monkeys.
|
This study assessed the natural killer (NK) cell activity profile during Plasmodium cynomolgi infection in rhesus monkeys. There was a significant decrease in the NK cell activity in the peripheral blood leukocytes of infected monkeys during the early, ascending phase of infection. However, as the parasite load decreased, NK cell activity returned to normal levels. This could be correlated with the peak increase in lymphocyte counts. This indicated that a decrease in NK cell activity observed at an earlier stage during an active P. vivax malarial infection was a temporary phenomenon.
|
['Animals', 'Erythrocytes', 'Humans', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Malaria', 'Time Factors', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 2,257,166
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hormetic effects on longevity of hydrogen peroxide in Drosophila melanogaster flies living on a poorly nutritious medium.
|
Subjecting flies to a mild stress at a young age may increase longevity and protect against strong stresses occurring at middle age. The purpose of this article is to test whether a mild stress could also increase survival time of flies living in stressful conditions. Flies were transferred at middle age in vials where they could only feed on a saccharose solution without any other nutrient. This poor medium is known to decrease longevity and it was hypothetized that adding hydrogen peroxide to it could minimize this negative effect. While high doses of hydrogen peroxide decreased further longevity, a low dose increased it in 4-week-old males and, only in some experiments, in females. This low dose had however not any positive effect on behavioral aging, resistance to heat and starvation. The positive effect of hydrogen peroxide appeared not to be due to a sanitary action upon the environment. Rather, it seems that hydrogen peroxide was a mild stress helping flies to cope with the negative effects of saccharose on longevity. Therefore, it is concluded that hydrogen peroxide, beyond the deleterious effects of high doses, could have positive effects in organisms when used at a low dose, particularly in stressful living conditions.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Aging', 'Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Female', 'Heat Stress Disorders', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Learning', 'Longevity', 'Male', 'Oxidants', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Sucrose']
| 17,192,807
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['G07.345.124'], ['G07.203.650.161'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['C26.522'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['D27.720.642', 'D27.888.569.540'], ['G08.686.815'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Extracellular metabolites in the cortex and hippocampus of epileptic patients.
|
Interictal brain energy metabolism and glutamate-glutamine cycling are impaired in epilepsy and may contribute to seizure generation. We used the zero-flow microdialysis method to measure the extracellular levels of glutamate, glutamine, and the major energy substrates glucose and lactate in the epileptogenic and the nonepileptogenic cortex and hippocampus of 38 awake epileptic patients during the interictal period. Depth electrodes attached to microdialysis probes were used to identify the epileptogenic and the nonepileptogenic sites. The epileptogenic hippocampus had surprisingly high basal glutamate levels, low glutamine/glutamate ratio, high lactate levels, and indication for poor glucose utilization. The epileptogenic cortex had only marginally increased glutamate levels. We propose that interictal energetic deficiency in the epileptogenic hippocampus could contribute to impaired glutamate reuptake and glutamate-glutamine cycling, resulting in persistently increased extracellular glutamate, glial and neuronal toxicity, increased lactate production together with poor lactate and glucose utilization, and ultimately worsening energy metabolism. Our data suggest that a different neurometabolic process underlies the neocortical epilepsies.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe', 'Extracellular Fluid', 'Female', 'Glucose', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Glutamine', 'Hippocampus', 'Humans', 'Lactic Acid', 'Male', 'Microdialysis', 'Middle Aged']
| 15,668,975
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490.360.290', 'C10.228.140.490.493.375'], ['A11.284.295.260', 'A12.207.270'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['D12.125.068.330', 'D12.125.095.461', 'D12.125.154.424'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['E05.196.353.500'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Does an advanced insulin education programme improve outcomes and health service use for people with Type 2 diabetes? A 5-year follow-up of the Newcastle Empowerment course.
|
OBJECTIVE: To show that an advanced diabetes education programme delivers sustained benefits to people with diabetes prescribed insulin and healthcare providers over and above those provided by basic diabetes education.METHODS: An historical cohort study of 68 people with Type 1 and 51 people with Type 2 diabetes on insulin who attended the 4-day Newcastle Empowerment programme in 2001 and 2002 compared with 71 people with Type 1 and 312 people with Type 2 diabetes who attended only the basic 4-day insulin education programme over the same period, followed until 2007. Primary outcome was all hospital admissions and emergency visits; secondary outcomes were the composite of first cardiac event or death and readmission for diabetes complications. Cox-proportional hazards regression was used to analyse Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes separately.RESULTS: The empowerment programme significantly delayed time to first hospital admission/visit for patients with Type 2 diabetes; the hazard ratio (HR) of 0.41 (P = 0.01) translates into a delay of almost 3 years; this was partly driven by a significant reduction in cardiovascular events and mortality (HR = 0.24, P = 0.01). These effects were not seen for people with Type 1 diabetes.CONCLUSIONS: A one-time, advanced diabetes education programme teaching intensive insulin self-management with an empowerment style can lead to sustained improvement in patient outcomes and reduce use of hospital services for people with Type 2 diabetes on insulin.
|
['Adult', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cohort Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Proportional Hazards Models']
| 20,002,481
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Regulation of intracellular ceramide content in B16 melanoma cells. Biological implications of ceramide glycosylation.
|
We previously reported that ceramide released from glycosphingolipids (GSLs) by endoglycoceramidase was directly metabolized to GSLs, and thus the content of GSLs was constantly maintained in B16 melanoma cells (Ito, M., and Komori, H. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 12655-12660). In this study, the metabolism of ceramide released from sphingomyelin (SM) by bacterial sphingomyelinase (SMase) was examined using B16 cells and their GSL-deficient mutant counterpart GM95 cells. Treatment of B16 melanoma cells with bacterial SMase effectively hydrolyzed SM on the plasma membrane. Under these conditions, NeuAcalpha2,3Galbeta1, 4Glcbeta1,1ceramide was significantly increased. Interestingly, UDP-glucose:ceramide glucosyltransferase-1 (GlcT-1) activity and GSL synthesis, but not SM synthesis or sphingosine generation, were found to be up-regulated by SMase treatment. The up-regulation of GSL synthesis seemed to occur at both the transcriptional and post-translational steps of GlcT-1 synthesis. Accumulation of ceramide by bacterial SMase was much higher in GM95 cells than in the parental cells. When the enzyme was removed from the culture medium, the intracellular ceramide level in B16 cells, but not that in the mutant cells, normalized. No rapid restoration of SM in either of the cell lines was observed after removal of the enzyme. SMase treatment strongly inhibited DNA synthesis in GM95 cells but not that in B16 cells. In the presence of D-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol, an inhibitor of GlcT-1, SMase treatment markedly increased the ceramide content and thus inhibited DNA synthesis in B16 cells. Our study provides the first evidence that GlcT-1 functions to regulate the level of intracellular ceramide by glycosylation of the ceramide when it is present in excess.
|
['Animals', 'Ceramides', 'DNA Replication', 'Glucosyltransferases', 'Glycosphingolipids', 'Melanoma, Experimental', 'Mice', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase', 'Sphingomyelins', 'Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups)', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 10,085,144
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.065.313', 'D09.400.410.420.525.200', 'D10.390.470.675.200', 'D10.570.877.360.612.200'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D08.811.913.400.450.460'], ['D09.400.410.420', 'D10.390.470', 'D10.570.877.360'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510.525', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510.525', 'C04.557.665.510.525', 'C04.619.600', 'E05.598.500.496.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.750'], ['D09.400.410.420.525.870', 'D10.390.470.675.870', 'D10.570.755.893', 'D10.570.877.360.612.870'], ['D08.811.913.696.900'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Using inpatient gradual diagnostics to identify the treatment strategy for lumbar back pain-Can treadmill gait analysis objectify the patients' declaration of pain relief?
|
BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic lumbar back pain (CLBP) often present with an altered gait profile, which is a crucial element of good functioning in everyday life. In patients with multisegmental spinal pathologies and incongruity between radiologic imaging and clinical presentation, inpatient gradual diagnostics (IGD) is performed to determine the precise origin of the disabling pain. The underlying principle of IGD is the assumption that by locally administering an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent to possible surgical target areas, the surgical effect can be temporarily simulated. The conclusions drawn from IGD are, however, mostly based on the patients' subjective feedback about pain relief.RESEARCH QUESTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether reported pain relief during IGD can be objectified by gait analysis. We hypothesized that patients with greater pain relief during IGD would show greater improvement in their pathologic gait and stance.METHODS: Treadmill gait and stance analyses were prospectively performed on CLBP patients before and after a one-week IGD. Self-report measures included the numeric pain rating scale (NRS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).RESULTS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Compared with a reference group (n = 28), IGD patients (n = 57) at admission showed reduced velocity, cadence, step length, and swing phase (p < .01 each). Their stance phase was increased by 5% of the gait cycle, and a more asymmetrical total load distribution during stance was observed. No difference was seen in stride width or foot rotation. While many patients reported good pain relief during IGD, no correlation was observed between subjective improvement and treadmill measures. We can thus confirm a pathologic gait profile in patients with CLBP. Based on our findings, gait analysis would not yet seem suitable to objectify IGD results. The short time interval between admission and discharge may not suffice to change a pathological gait that has developed over years.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anesthetics, Local', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Back Pain', 'Bupivacaine', 'Female', 'Gait', 'Gait Analysis', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Injections, Epidural', 'Injections, Intra-Articular', 'Low Back Pain', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain Measurement', 'Self Report', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Triamcinolone']
| 31,377,581
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.200', 'D27.505.696.663.850.025', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.200'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['C23.888.592.612.107'], ['D02.065.199.239', 'D02.092.146.113.239'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['E01.370.600.250.250', 'N01.400.545.750.500'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.580.300'], ['E02.319.267.530.380'], ['C23.888.592.612.107.400'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.915', 'D04.210.500.908.891']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sensitive and selective detection of the p53 gene based on a triple-helix magnetic probe coupled to a fluorescent liposome hybridization assembly via rolling circle amplification.
|
Developing a sensitive and selective sensing platform for the p53 gene and its mutation analysis is essential and may aid in early cancer screening and assessment of prognosis. Here, we developed a highly sensitive and selective p53 gene assay based on the coupling of a triple-helix magnetic probe (THMP) to a fluorescent liposome hybridization assembly, a process initiated by rolling circle amplification (RCA). In the presence of p53, the THMP unfolds and activates an enzymatic cleavage reaction, thus releasing the RCA primer and initiating the RCA product-assisted fluorescent liposome hybridization assembly. The resultant double-stranded DNA structures bind the intercalating SG dye from the fluorescent liposomes, thus dramatically enhancing the fluorescence signal. In the absence of p53, the THMP remains intact and blocks the trigger release and fluorescent liposome assembly, thus resulting in a low background signal. The THMPs were designed with integrated target recognition by Watson-Crick base-pairing, site-specific cleavage by an endonuclease and background signal elimination by magnetic isolation, thus avoiding the need to design multiple probes. Moreover, the use of fluorescent liposome assembly and magnetic isolation helps in avoiding sample matrix interference and nonspecific staining. Through cooperative amplification coupling with enzyme cleavage recycling, the RCA-assisted fluorescent liposome assembly and magnetic isolation improved the sensitivity, with a detection limit of 0.07 fM. The excellent capacity of the THMP to specifically detect the involved targets and the precise site-specific endonuclease cleavage ensured remarkable selectivity for p53 against single-base mismatches. This proposed approach worked well in biological samples, thus demonstrating great potential for biomedical and clinical diagnosis applications.
|
['Biosensing Techniques', 'DNA Probes', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Genes, p53', 'Humans', 'Liposomes', 'Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization']
| 28,891,579
|
[['E05.601.043'], ['D13.444.600.223', 'D27.505.259.750.600.223', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.385', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['E05.393.620'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
How do physicians define "light," "moderate," and "heavy" drinking?
|
Although widely used, terms associated with consumption of alcohol--such as "light," "moderate," and "heavy"--are unstandardized. Physicians conveying health messages using these terms therefore may impart confusing information to their patients or to other physicians. As an initial attempt to assess if informal standardization exists for these terms, the present study surveyed physicians for their definitions of such terms. Physicians operationally defined "light" drinking as 1.2 drinks/day, "moderate" drinking as 2.2 drinks/day, and "heavy" drinking as 3.5 drinks/day. Abusive drinking was defined as 5.4 drinks/day. There was considerable agreement for these operational definitions, indicating there is indeed an informal consensus among physicians as to what they mean by these terms. Gender and age did not influence these definitions, but self-reported drinking on the part of physicians was a factor. We also asked physicians for their opinions regarding the effects of "light," "moderate," and "heavy" drinking on health in general and specifically on health-related implications for pregnant women, and whether they felt their patients shared these beliefs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Alcohol-Related Disorders', 'Alcoholism', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Female', 'Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Pregnancy', 'Sex Factors']
| 9,726,266
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['C25.775.100', 'F03.900.100'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['C13.703.277.220', 'C16.300.070', 'C25.775.100.087.323'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Comparative effectiveness and harms of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor agents for three retinal conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
|
Intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents are widely used to treat ocular conditions but the benefits and harms of these treatments are uncertain. We conducted a systematic review to compare the effects of aflibercept, bevacizumab and ranibizumab on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changes, quality of life and ocular or systemic adverse events in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NVAMD), diabetic macular oedema (DME) and central or branch retinal vein occlusion (RVO). We searched published and unpublished literature sources to February 2017 for randomised controlled trials and cohort or modelling studies reporting comparative costs in the USA. Two reviewers extracted data and graded the strength of the evidence using established methods. Of 17 included trials, none reported a clinically important difference (? 5 letters) in visual acuity gains between agents. Nine trials provide high-strength evidence of no difference between bevacizumab and ranibizumab for NVAMD. Three trials provide moderate-strength evidence of no difference between bevacizumab and ranibizumab for DME. There was low-strength evidence of similar effects between aflibercept and ranibizumab for NVAMD, aflibercept and bevacizumab for RVO and all three agents for DME. There was insufficient evidence to compare bevacizumab and ranibizumab for RVO. Rates of ocular adverse events were low, and systemic harms were generally similar between groups, although 1 DME trial reported more arterial thrombotic events with ranibizumab versus aflibercept. Overall, no agent had a clear advantage over another for effectiveness or safety. Aflibercept and ranibizumab were significantly less cost-effective than repackaged bevacizumab in two trials. Systematic review registration number: CRD42016034076.
|
['Angiogenesis Inhibitors', 'Bevacizumab', 'Humans', 'Intravitreal Injections', 'Macular Edema', 'Ranibizumab', 'Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Retinal Vein Occlusion', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Visual Acuity', 'Wet Macular Degeneration']
| 30,409,915
|
[['D27.505.696.377.077.099', 'D27.505.696.377.450.100', 'D27.505.954.248.025'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.375', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.438', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.475.500'], ['C11.768.585.439.245'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.868', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.868', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.868'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.950', 'D12.776.543.750.630.750', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.910'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['C11.768.760', 'C14.907.355.830.925.650', 'C14.907.760'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['C11.768.585.439.622']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Rhesus D genotyping in amniotic fluid.
|
Rhesus D genotyping by PCR of amniotic fluid offers a very valuable tool for prenatal care of Rhesus D-alloimmunized women. Misleading results have been reported for the method of Bennett et al. analysing the 3'-terminal end of the RhD gene. We have observed also problems with Rhesus D genotyping of DVI-variant samples in the assay of Simsek et al. utilizing size differences of intron 4 between the Rhesus D and the Rhesus CcEe gene. We, thus, prefer to amplify two different regions including the 3'-terminal region of the Rhesus D gene to further minimize the very low risk of false-negative results. This rapid Rhesus D genotyping usually does not require more than 2 ml of amniotic fluid.
|
['Amniocentesis', 'Amniotic Fluid', 'Erythroblastosis, Fetal', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Isoantibodies', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Pregnancy', 'Rho(D) Immune Globulin', 'Risk Factors']
| 8,865,931
|
[['E01.370.225.500.384.050', 'E01.370.225.998.329.309', 'E01.370.378.630.050', 'E04.665.600.309', 'E05.200.500.384.050', 'E05.200.998.329.309', 'E05.242.384.050'], ['A12.098', 'A16.378.149'], ['C13.703.277.060', 'C15.378.295', 'C16.300.060', 'C16.614.304', 'C20.306'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.664', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.664', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.664'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393.700', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393.700', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Association between beliefs about medicines and self-medication with analgesics among patients with dental pain.
|
Self-medication with analgesics in dental pain management is a common practice as most of these medicines are available over-the-counter (OTC). The study aims to examine the relationship between beliefs about medicines and self-medication with analgesics in dental pain management in Malaysia. This cross-sectional study was conducted among conveniently sampled patients attending dental clinics, located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia to assess association between self-medication with analgesics and patient's beliefs about medicines via Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire. Participants were evaluated for their self-medication practices via 4 items. Further assessment was done via Quantitative Analgesic Questionnaire (QAQ) regarding the analgesics taken. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 24, with 0.05 as level of significance. The prevalence of self-medication with analgesics was 29.4%, with 95.6% of the participants took analgesics when necessary. Participants practising self-medication for dental pain reported more positive beliefs in General-Necessity (13.04 vs. 9.98, p = 0.001) than those not practising self-medication. However, these participants had weaker beliefs in General-Harm (12.00 vs. 10.29, p = 0.006) and General-Overuse (11.38 vs. 10.31, p = 0.032) than those not practising self-medication. Participants beliefs in General-Harm (r = -0.243; p = 0.003) and General-Overuse (r = -0.203; p = 0.012) were negatively correlated with total QAQ point. The study found that individuals who practised self-medication had stronger beliefs about the benefits of medicines and weaker beliefs in viewing medicines as harmful and overused. Findings can guide public education to improve the safety aspects of self-medication with analgesics in dental practice.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Analgesics', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Malaysia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nonprescription Drugs', 'Pain Management', 'Prevalence', 'Self Medication', 'Thiophenes', 'Toothache', 'Young Adult']
| 30,071,006
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.145.487'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D26.530'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E02.319.900', 'E02.900.900'], ['D02.886.778', 'D03.383.903'], ['C07.793.929', 'C23.888.592.612.330.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Environmental factors influencing flight activity of forensically important female blow flies in Central Europe.
|
In forensic entomology, evaluation of a possible delay between a person's death and insect colonization is crucial. We monitored the seasonal flight activities of the most abundant blow flies in an urban habitat in Frankfurt/Germany based on 152 sampling days between April and October 2017. Thirty-six thousand female specimens of 12 necrophagous taxa were sampled as a possible groundwork for establishing a prediction tool for the activity of certain forensically relevant taxa. The most abundant taxon was Lucilia sericata (n = 19,544), followed by Lucilia caesar (n = 8025), Calliphora vicina (n = 5224), and Lucilia ampullacea (n = 1834). Up to six environmental parameters were statistically significant predictors of fly presence, leading to unique patterns of seasonal and daily activity for all four species. In detail, our analysis proved that L. sericata is a sun-loving, high-summer species that dominates the warmer months and is mostly influenced by mean day temperature. In contrast, L. caesar seems to be a shade-loving species that dominates in autumn resp. late-season and is mainly influenced by mean day temperature and wind speed. The activity of L. ampullacea was highly related to mean day temperature and relative humidity. In contrast to all other species, C. vicina behaved differently, particularly due to its occurrence throughout the entire sampling interval and the higher tolerance limits for the measured abiotic parameters, especially temperature. The present study is groundwork for establishing a prediction tool for the flight and oviposition activity of forensically relevant taxa.
|
['Animals', 'Biodiversity', 'Diptera', 'Female', 'Forensic Sciences', 'Germany', 'Larva', 'Postmortem Changes']
| 30,483,869
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750'], ['I01.198.780'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['C23.550.260.224.617']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Anticonvulsant activity of PNU-151774E in the amygdala kindled model of complex partial seizures.
|
PURPOSE: PNU-151774E [(S)-(+)-2-(4-(3-fluorobenzyloxy) benzylamino) propanamide, methanesulfonate] is a novel antiepileptic drug (AED) with a broad spectrum of activity in a variety of chemically and mechanically induced seizures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of PNU-151774E in the amygdala fully kindled rat model of complex partial seizures, and to compare its effects with those of carbamazepine (CBZ), phenytoin (PHT), lamotrigine (LTG), and gabapentin (GBP), drugs used to treat this disease state.METHODS: Male Wistar rats were stimulated daily through electrodes implanted in the amygdala with a threshold current until fully generalized seizures developed. The rats were then treated with various doses of a single compound. Control values for each rat and drug dose were determined after vehicle administration followed by electrical stimulation 1 day before drug treatment.RESULTS: PNU-151774E (1, 10, 30 mg/kg; i.p.) reduced the duration of behavioral seizures significantly and dose-dependently at doses starting from 1 mg/kg. Higher doses significantly reduced seizure severity and afterdischarge duration. In contrast, no dose-related effects were noted after administration of PHT, whereas after CBZ treatment, a plateau of activity was noted from the intermediate to higher doses. The effects of PNU-151774E were comparable to those of LTG and GBP.CONCLUSIONS: The activity shown by PNU-151774E at doses similar to those that are active in models of generalized seizures indicates that PNU-151774E would also have potential efficacy in the treatment of complex partial seizures.
|
['Acetates', 'Alanine', 'Amines', 'Amygdala', 'Animals', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Benzylamines', 'Carbamazepine', 'Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Epilepsy, Complex Partial', 'Gabapentin', 'Kindling, Neurologic', 'Lamotrigine', 'Male', 'Phenytoin', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Triazines', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 10,565,578
|
[['D02.241.081.018', 'D10.251.400.045'], ['D12.125.042'], ['D02.092'], ['A08.186.211.180.090', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.152'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['F01.145.113'], ['D02.092.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.140.210'], ['D03.633.300.240.127'], ['D02.241.223.268', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.218'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['C10.228.140.490.360.260'], ['D02.092.521', 'D02.241.081.114.500.350.300', 'D02.241.223.268.469', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.218.500', 'D12.125.190.350.225'], ['G11.561.484'], ['D03.383.931.480'], ['D03.383.129.308.432.555.730'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['D03.383.931'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Clinical observation of the therapeutic effect on posterior circulation ischemic vertigo treated with "xiao xingnao kaiqiao
|
OBJECTIVE: To observe the short-term and long-term clinical effect on posterior circulation ischemic vertigo treated with "xiao xingnao kaiqiao" acupuncture (minor regaining consciousness and opening orifice) and explore its effect mechanism.METHODS: Ninety patients with posterior circulation ischemic vertigo were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group, 45 cases in each group. The patients of the two groups were all treated on the base of neurological medicine. In the control group, Flunarizine Hydrochloride was prescribed for oral administration (5 mg, once daily, for 21 days totally). In the treatment group, acupuncture of "xiao xingnao kaiqiao" was provided at Yintang (EX-HN3), bilateral Neiguan (PC6), bilateral Sanyinjiao (SP6), Baihui (GV20), bilateral Fengchi (GB20), bilateral Wangu (GB12) and bilateral Tianzhu (BL10). The needles were retained for 30 min, once daily for 21 days totally. The changes in vertigo score of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were observed, and the changes in the mean blood velocity (Vm) of the left vertebral artery (LVA), the right vertebral artery (RVA) and the basilar artery (BA) as well as the vascular pulsatility index (PI) were monitored and determined by transcranial Doppler (TCD). Additionally, the recurrence rate was followed up after 3 months to evaluate the long-term clinical effects.RESULTS: After treatment, the total effective rate of the treatment group was 91.11% (41/45) and 75.56% (34/45) in the control group. The total effective rate in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with their own pre-treatment, the vertigo scores of TCM were reduced in either the treatment group or the control group after treatment (P<0.05) and the score in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with their own pre-treatment, Vm and PI were all improved after treatment in either group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the improvements in Vm and PI of LVA?RVA and BA in the treatment group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). In the follow-up after 3 months, the recurrence rate was 19.51% (8/41) in the treatment group and was 50.00% (17/34) in the control group. The recurrence rate in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: "Xiao xingnao kaiqiao" acupuncture obviously relieves the clinical symptoms of posterior circulation ischemic vertigo. The mechanism of acupuncture is potentially related with its effects in improving Vm and PI of LVA,RVA and BA, as well as improving blood supply of brain tissue.
|
['Acupuncture Therapy', 'Basilar Artery', 'Humans', 'Ischemia', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vertigo']
| 32,869,576
|
[['E02.190.044'], ['A07.015.114.106'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.513'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C09.218.568.900.883', 'C10.597.951', 'C23.888.592.958']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Unilateral neglect, transient cognitive impairment and intercritical activity in Rolandic epilepsy].
|
INTRODUCTION: Benign focal epilepsy in infancy with centro-temporal paroxysms is a frequent form of epilepsy within this group of epilepsies. Despite its relative benignity, however, it may be accompanied by neuropsychological deficits and therefore constitutes a suitable in vivo model for studying how the brain functions when processing information.CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 7-year-old child who began with this type of epilepsy by manifesting focal seizures during the early stages of sleep and who, with the absence of any continuous spike-wave activity in non-REM sleep, presented transient unilateral neglect syndrome on the right-hand side related with electroencephalographic intercritical activity.CONCLUSIONS: The neuropsychological manifestations in this type of epilepsy can be due to intercritical paroxysmal activity. The clinical features depend on where the paroxysms are located and in which direction they spread. A dysfunction of the physiological neuronal synchrony among the neuronal networks that are necessary for thinking processes could be the cause of this disorder.
|
['Child', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsy, Rolandic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests']
| 17,492,612
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490.360.280', 'C10.228.140.490.493.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Computational site-directed mutagenesis studies of the role of the hydrophobic triad on substrate binding in cholesterol oxidase.
|
Cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) is a flavoenzyme that oxidizes and isomerizes cholesterol (CHL) to form cholest-4-en-3-one. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to predict the binding interactions of CHL in the active site. Several key interactions (E361-CHL, N485-FAD, and H447-CHL) were identified and which are likely to determine the correct positioning of CHL relative to flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD). Binding of CHL also induced changes in key residues of the active site leading to the closure of the oxygen channel. A group of residues, Y107, F444, and Y446, known as the hydrophobic triad, are believed to affect the binding of CHL in the active site. Computational site-directed mutagenesis of these residues revealed that their mutation affects the conformations of key residues in the active site, leading to non-optimal binding of CHL and to changes in the structure of the oxygen channel, all of which are likely to reduce the catalytic efficiency of ChOx. Proteins 2017; 85:1645-1655. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Catalysis', 'Catalytic Domain', 'Cholesterol Oxidase', 'Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Kinetics', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Protein Conformation', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 28,508,424
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G02.130'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['D08.811.682.047.436.350.150'], ['D03.633.100.733.315.650.249', 'D03.633.100.759.646.138.506', 'D03.633.300.507.650.249', 'D08.211.474.650.249', 'D13.695.667.138.506', 'D13.695.827.068.506', 'D23.767.405.650.249'], ['G02.409'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Measurement of single soybean seed attributes by near-infrared technologies. A comparative study.
|
Four near-infrared spectrophotometers, and their associated spectral collection methods, were tested and compared for measuring three soybean single-seed attributes: weight (g), protein (%), and oil (%). Using partial least-squares (PLS) and four preprocessing methods, the attribute that was significantly most easily predicted was seed weight (RPD > 3 on average) and protein the least. The performance of all instruments differed from each other. Performances for oil and protein predictions were correlated with the instrument sampling system, with the best predictions using spectra taken from more than one seed angle. This was facilitated by the seed spinning or tumbling during spectral collection as opposed to static sampling methods. From the preprocessing methods utilized, no single one gave the best overall performances but weight measurements were often more successful with raw spectra, whereas protein and oil predictions were often enhanced by SNV and SNV + detrending.
|
['Calibration', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Seeds', 'Soybean Oil', 'Soybean Proteins', 'Soybeans', 'Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared']
| 22,831,652
|
[['E05.978.155'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['D10.212.302.380.800', 'D10.212.507.800', 'D10.627.700.880', 'D20.215.784.750.880', 'G07.203.300.375.400.750', 'J02.500.375.400.750'], ['D12.776.765.741', 'G07.203.300.428.920.750', 'G07.203.300.850.450.500.750', 'J02.500.428.920.750', 'J02.500.850.800.500.750'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750'], ['E01.370.350.750', 'E05.196.867.851']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Italian register for retinoblastoma. Pros and cons of a retrospective statistical study.
|
In an attempt to verify some of the current conflicting results concerning the impact of relevant prognostic factors in the retinoblastoma therapy, the authors took into consideration, for statistical analysis, the series of 459 cases included in the Italian Registry for retrospective study of retinoblastoma. Although this series appears large enough, problems related to the continuously changing approaches to the disease and the consequent lack of standardization often make it difficult to draw significant conclusions. Hence, while historical (retrospective) analysis often allows the manipulation of a great number of data, particularly in the case of relatively rare diseases, prospective randomized controlled trials are strongly recommended to standardize definitely the relevant prognostic criteria. These and other problems related to retrospective analysis are discussed in detail.
|
['Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Eye Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Random Allocation', 'Registries', 'Retinoblastoma', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 1,923,316
|
[['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['C04.588.364', 'C11.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.725', 'C04.557.470.670.725', 'C04.557.580.625.600.725', 'C04.588.364.818.760', 'C11.270.862', 'C11.319.475.760', 'C11.768.717.760'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Heterologous Expression of Ilicicolin H Biosynthetic Gene Cluster and Production of a New Potent Antifungal Reagent, Ilicicolin J.
|
Ilicicolin H is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent targeting mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 reductase. Unfortunately, ilicicolin H shows reduced activities in vivo. Here, we report our effort on the identification of ilicicolin H biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) by genomic sequencing a producing strain, Neonectria sp. DH2, and its heterologous production in Aspergillus nidulans. In addition, a shunt product with similar antifungal activities, ilicicolin J, was uncovered. This effort would provide a base for future combinatorial biosynthesis of ilicicolin H analogues. Bioinformatics analysis suggests that the backbone of ilicicolin H is assembled by a polyketide-nonribosomal peptide synthethase (IliA), and then offloaded with a tetramic acid moiety. Similar to tenellin biosynthesis, the tetramic acid is then converted to pyridone by a putative P450, IliC. The decalin portion is most possibly constructed by a S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM)-dependent Diels-Alderase (IliD).
|
['Antifungal Agents', 'Ascomycota', 'Benzaldehydes', 'Biosynthetic Pathways', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Molecular Structure', 'Multigene Family']
| 31,216,742
|
[['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['B01.300.107'], ['D02.047.222'], ['G02.111.098', 'G03.493.100'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['G05.308.330'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression and hormone receptor status in breast cancer.
|
AIMS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate COX-2 mRNA expression with known clinical prognostic features of breast cancer, oestrogen/progesterone receptor status, tumour size and grade.METHODS: Total RNA was extracted from 45 frozen breast tumour (invasive) and 22 normal breast tissue samples. COX-2 mRNA transcription was quantified using a real time RT-PCR assay and expressed as copy number/microg total RNA. All specimens were assessed for tumour grade, size, nodal status and presence of vascular invasion and oestrogen and progesterone receptor status.RESULTS: COX-2 mRNA was detected in all samples with a median copy number of 1.15 x 10(7) for tumours and 6.5 x 10(6) for normal samples. Expression was significantly higher in oestrogen receptor negative tumours compared to the receptor positive group. There was no correlation between COX-2 mRNA levels and tumour size, grade, nodal status and presence of vascular invasion.CONCLUSIONS: COX-2 mRNA expression is increased in oestrogen and progesterone receptor negative breast cancers.
|
['Breast', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cyclooxygenase 2', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Membrane Proteins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, Estrogen', 'Receptors, Progesterone']
| 16,650,963
|
[['A01.236'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D08.811.600.720.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.826.750.350', 'D12.776.930.778.350'], ['D12.776.826.750.765']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Need for rescue treatment and its implication: stent retriever versus contact aspiration thrombectomy.
|
BACKGROUD: The need for rescue treatment (RT) may differ depending on first-line modality (stent retriever (SR) or contact aspiration (CA)) in endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). We aimed to investigate whether the type of first-line modality in EVT was associated with the need for RT.METHODS: We identified all patients who underwent EVT for anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion from prospectively maintained registries of 17 stroke centers. Patients were dichotomized into SR-first and CA-first. RT involved switching to the other device, balloon angioplasty, permanent stenting, thrombolytics, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist, or any combination of these. We compared clinical characteristics, procedural details, and final recanalization rate between the two groups and assessed whether first-line modality type was associated with RT requirement and if this affected clinical outcome.RESULTS: A total of 955 patients underwent EVT using either SR-first (n=526) or CA-first (n=429). No difference occurred in the final recanalization rate between SR-first (82.1%) and CA-first (80.2%). However, recanalization with the first-line modality alone and first-pass recanalization rates were significantly higher in SR-first than in CA-first. CA-first had more device passes and higher RT rate. The RT group had significantly longer puncture-to-recanalization time (93±48 min versus 53±28 min). After adjustment, CA-first remained associated with RT (OR, 1.367; 95% CI, 1.019 to 1.834). RT was negatively associated with good outcome (OR, 0.597; 95% CI, 0.410 to 0.870).CONCLUSION: CA was associated with requiring RT, while recanalization with first-line modality alone and first-pass recanalization rates were higher with SR. RT was negatively associated with good outcome.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angioplasty, Balloon', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Registries', 'Stents', 'Stroke', 'Thrombectomy', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,842,306
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.148.050.060', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060', 'E04.502.382.124.060', 'E05.157.016.060'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E07.695.750'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E04.100.814.842'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Clinical social work with young adult inpatients: perspective of patients, parents, and clinicians.
|
This article describes an empirical study designed to identify the unique role of the clinical social worker as a member of the hospital team in the treatment of young adult psychiatric inpatients. Fifty-five patients, their parents and social workers were interviewed at admission and 60 days later to ascertain: (1) initial attitudes and expectations regarding social work services, (2) specific services desired by clients, (3) actual services provided, and (4) helpfulness of the services. Results indicated that the services most frequently desired were those most often provided. These included providing information to families about patients' progress, helping families deal with hospital procedures and helping with aftercare planning. Most services provided were viewed as helpful. Social workers were seen as more helpful to families than to patients and more so by parents than by patients. Clients who felt the social worker understood their needs and was available when needed, felt he/she was more helpful to them. The implications of these findings for definition of the social worker's role are discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Consumer Behavior', 'Data Collection', 'Female', 'Hospital Bed Capacity, 100 to 299', 'Hospitals, Psychiatric', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Massachusetts', 'Mental Disorders', 'Parents', 'Patient Care Team', 'Social Work, Psychiatric']
| 7,170,665
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.236'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['N02.278.306.472.120'], ['N02.278.421.556.508'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.510'], ['F03'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['N04.590.715'], ['F04.408.823', 'I01.880.792.410', 'N02.421.461.798', 'N02.421.849.673']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Effect of the blood flow rate in the carotid artery on the hematocrit of the blood distributed to the brain].
|
The red cell count and hematocrit were determined in the blood distributed to the rabbit brain through the carotid artery. Both parameters were found to be far greater than those in the blood distributed to the hind limb through the femoral artery. The decrease in the blood flow velocity in the carotid artery (caused by local luminal narrowing and increase in the flow resistance) brought about a proportional diminution of both red cells and hematocrit in the blood inflowing to the brain. Meanwhile these parameters remained unchanged in the control arteries (femoral and contralateral carotid ones). Hence the separation of red blood cells from the blood plasma in the vascular system occurs in the arterial branchings and depends on the blood flow velocity in the appropriate branches.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Brain', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Erythrocyte Count', 'Erythrocyte Volume', 'Female', 'Hematocrit', 'Male', 'Rabbits']
| 7,093,497
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.330', 'E01.370.225.625.107.330', 'E05.200.500.195.107.330', 'E05.200.625.107.330', 'E05.242.195.107.330', 'G04.140.107.330', 'G09.188.105.330'], ['G09.188.130.370', 'G09.330.380.092.370'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Postpartum aggression in rats: II. Dependence on maternal sensitivity to young and effects of experience with pregnancy and parturition.
|
Two experiments were carried out to explore the relation between postpartum aggressive behavior in rats and other aspects of maternal behavior. In Experiment 1, nulliparous females experimentally induced to behave maternally; i.e., sensitized, failed to show elevations in aggressive responding above levels seen in untreated nulliparous controls; lactating females displayed characteristically high levels of aggression. In Experiment 2, animals in these groups were tested, along with parturient females allowed varying amounts (0 hr, 2 days, or 9 days) of postpartum exposure to young, spanning a period that is sensitive for the induction of maternal behavior. The three parturient groups responded with levels of aggression that were similar to one another and significantly higher than those seen in controls. Sensitized animals in Experiment 2 exhibited high levels of fighting; differences between these animals and those in Experiment 1 may be due to differences in both length of sensitization and ovarian cyclicity. These data indicate that the experiences of pregnancy and/or parturition prime the postparturient female to respond aggressively to an intruder later in lactation and that, unlike the initiation of pup-oriented maternal behaviors, establishment of postpartum aggression is not dependent upon pup exposure during the immediate postpartum period.
|
['Aggression', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Labor, Obstetric', 'Male', 'Maternal Behavior', 'Postpartum Period', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Reaction Time']
| 7,190,160
|
[['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769.326'], ['F01.829.263.370.215'], ['G08.686.702'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The importance of structured noise in the generation of self-organizing tissue patterns through contact-mediated cell-cell signalling.
|
Lateral inhibition provides the basis for a self-organizing patterning system in which distinct cell states emerge from an otherwise uniform field of cells. The development of the microchaete bristle pattern on the notum of the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster, has long served as a popular model of this process. We recently showed that this bristle pattern depends upon a population of dynamic, basal actin-based filopodia, which span multiple cell diameters. These protrusions establish transient signalling contacts between non-neighbouring cells, generating a type of structured noise that helps to yield a well-ordered and spaced pattern of bristles. Here, we develop a general model of protrusion-based patterning to analyse the role of noise in this process. Using a simple asynchronous cellular automata rule-based model we show that this type of structured noise drives the gradual refinement of lateral inhibition-mediated patterning, as the system moves towards a stable configuration in which cells expressing the inhibitory signal are near-optimally packed. By analysing the effects of introducing thresholds required for signal detection in this model of lateral inhibition, our study shows how filopodia-mediated cell-cell communication can generate complex patterns of spots and stripes, which, in the presence of signalling noise, align themselves across a patterning field. Thus, intermittent protrusion-based signalling has the potential to yield robust self-organizing tissue-wide patterns without the need to invoke diffusion-mediated signalling.
|
['Animal Structures', 'Animals', 'Body Patterning', 'Cell Communication', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Models, Biological', 'Pseudopodia', 'Signal Transduction']
| 21,084,342
|
[['A13'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.345.500.100'], ['G04.085'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['A11.284.180.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term, six-dimensional live-cell imaging for the mouse preimplantation embryo that does not affect full-term development.
|
Mammalian preimplantation embryonic development is achieved by tightly coordinated regulation of a great variety of temporal and spatial changes. Therefore, it would be valuable to analyze these events three-dimensionally and dynamically. We have previously developed a live-cell imaging method based on the expression of fluorescent proteins, using mRNA injection and time-lapse florescence microscopy. However, with conventional fluorescent microscopy, three-dimensional images could not be obtained due to the thickness of the embryos and the optical problem in which ;out-of focus blur' cannot be eliminated. Moreover, as the repeated exposure of intense excitation light to the cell yields phototoxicity, long-term observation was detrimental to embryonic development. Here, we improved our imaging system to enable six-dimensional live-cell imaging of mouse preimplantation embryos (x, y and z axes, time-lapse, multicolor and multisample). Importantly, by improving the imaging devices and optimizing the conditions for imaging, such as intensity of excitation and time intervals for image acquisition, the procedure itself was not detrimental to full-term development, although it is a prolonged imaging process. For example, live pups were obtained from embryos to which two different wavelengths of excitation (488 and 561 nm) were applied at 7.5-min intervals for about 70 h, and 51 images were acquired in the z axis at each time point; thus, a total of 56,814 fluorescent images were taken. All the pups were healthy, reproductively normal and not transgenic. Thus, this live-cell imaging technology is safe for full-term mouse development. This offers a novel approach for developmental and reproductive research in that it enables both retrospective and prospective analyses of development. It might also be applicable to assessment of embryo quality in fields such as human reproductive technology and production animal research.
|
['Animals', 'Blastocyst', 'Cell Survival', 'Diagnostic Imaging', 'Embryonic Development', 'Female', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred DBA', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Microinjections', 'Models, Biological', 'Pregnancy', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Term Birth', 'Time Factors']
| 19,305,125
|
[['B01.050'], ['A16.254.500'], ['G04.346'], ['E01.370.350'], ['G07.345.500.325.180', 'G08.686.784.170.104'], ['E05.393.350'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['E02.319.267.530.690', 'E05.591.570'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G08.686.784.769.490.500'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Glucose tolerance and insulin response to glucose load before and after enzyme inducing therapy in subjects with glucose intolerance and patients with NIDDM having hyperinsulinemia or relative insulin deficiency.
|
We evaluated the role of insulin availability in the induction therapy of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Plasma glucose (BG) and insulin (IRI) response to glucose loading (OGTT) was investigated before and after placebo and phenobarbitone (PB) therapy in patients with glucose intolerance and NIDDM treated with diet only, sulphonylureas (SU) plus metformin (M) or insulin. The antipyrine test was used to reflect the liver mixed function oxidase system. Therapy with PB, but not placebo, reduced fasting IRI and BG in subjects with glucose intolerance and improved the glucose tolerance, insulin response to glucose and antipyrine metabolism. The effects of PB on patients with NIDDM were dependent on the insulin availability and duration of the disease. Best responses were seen in hyperinsulinemic patients at the early phase of the disease. They had lowered fasting BG and IRI values, improved glucose tolerance, insulin response to OGTT and antipyrine metabolism after PB therapy. The SU plus M treated patients responded beneficially if they had high fasting and postglucose IRI values and were non-responders if they had relative insulin deficiency. Antipyrine metabolism improved among the responders and non-responders. The hyperglycemic patients treated with insulin showed improved glucose metabolism, an improved C-peptide response and antipyrine metabolism. The subjects could be classified into responders and non-responders by calculating the ratio of areas above the fasting level curve of insulin and glucose (sigma delta I-OGTT/sigma delta G-OGTT). These values for the former were 0.2-0.4 and the latter 0.03-0.04, as compared to healthy volunteers (1.0) and subjects with glucose intolerance (1.4). A PB type inducer improves insulin sensitivity but does not alter its production or secretion. The outcome of glucose metabolism is therefore dependent on insulin availability.
|
['Adult', 'Antipyrine', 'Blood Glucose', 'C-Peptide', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diet, Diabetic', 'Female', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Secretion', 'Male', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Middle Aged', 'Mixed Function Oxygenases', 'Models, Biological', 'Phenobarbital', 'Reference Values']
| 2,697,484
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D03.383.129.539.850.088'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.250', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.250'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['E02.642.249.240', 'G07.203.650.240.240'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G03.442', 'G07.475'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.682.690.708'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D03.383.742.698.253.650'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Calibrated LCD/TFT stimulus presentation for visual psychophysics in fMRI.
|
Standard projection techniques using liquid crystal (LCD) or thin-film transistor (TFT) technology show drastic distortions in luminance and contrast characteristics across the screen and across grey levels. Common luminance measurement and calibration techniques are not applicable in the vicinity of MRI scanners. With the aid of a fibre optic, we measured screen luminances for the full space of screen position and image grey values and on that basis developed a compensation technique that involves both luminance homogenisation and position-dependent gamma correction. By the technique described, images displayed to a subject in functional MRI can be specified with high precision by a matrix of desired luminance values rather than by local grey value.
|
['Brain Mapping', 'Calibration', 'Color Perception', 'Computer Terminals', 'Contrast Sensitivity', 'Data Display', 'Fiber Optic Technology', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Lighting', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Psychophysics', 'Regression Analysis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Transistors, Electronic', 'Visual Perception']
| 12,393,166
|
[['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['E05.978.155'], ['F02.463.593.932.217'], ['L01.224.230.260.115.500'], ['E01.370.380.850.950.500', 'F02.463.593.778.435.110', 'F02.463.593.932.281', 'F02.463.593.932.901.500', 'G14.940.500'], ['F02.784.412.221', 'L01.296'], ['H01.671.617.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['N06.230.150.410'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E01.370.685', 'F04.096.753'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E07.305.625.714'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Ischemic mitral valve reconstruction and replacement: comparison of long-term survival and complications.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study reviews the 223 consecutive mitral valve operations for ischemic mitral insufficiency performed at New York University Medical Center between January 1976 and January 1996. The results for mitral valve reconstruction are compared with those for prosthetic mitral valve replacement.METHODS: From January 1976 to January 1996, 223 patients with ischemic mitral insufficiency underwent mitral valve reconstruction (n = 152) or prosthetic mitral valve replacement (n = 71). Coronary artery bypass grafting was performed in 89% of cases of mitral reconstruction and 80% of cases of prosthetic replacement. In the group undergoing reconstruction, 77% had valvuloplasty with a ring annuloplasty and 23% had valvuloplasty with suture annuloplasty. In the group undergoing prosthetic replacement, 82% of patients received bioprostheses and 18% received mechanical prostheses.RESULTS: Follow-up was 93% complete (median 14.6 mo, range 0-219 mo). Thirty-day mortality was 10% for mitral reconstruction and 20% for prosthetic replacement. The short-term mortality was higher among patients in New York Heart Association functional class IV than among those in classes I to III (odds ratio 5.75, confidence interval 1.25-26.5) and was reduced among patients with angina relative to those without angina (odds ratio 0.26, confidence interval 0.05-1.2). The 30-day death or complication rate was similarly elevated among patients in functional class IV (odds ratio 5.53; confidence interval 1.23-25.04). Patients with mitral valve reconstruction had lower short-term complication or death rates than did patients with prosthetic valve replacement (odds ratio 0.43, confidence interval 0.20-0.90). Eighty-two percent of patients with mitral valve reconstruction had no insufficiency or only trace insufficiency during the long-term follow-up period. Five-year complication-free survivals were 64% (confidence interval 54%-74%) for patients undergoing mitral valve reconstruction and 47% (confidence interval 33%-60%) for patients undergoing prosthetic valve replacement. Results of a series of statistical analyses suggest that outcome was linked primarily to preoperative New York Heart Association functional class.CONCLUSIONS: Initial mortalities were similar among patients undergoing prosthetic replacement and valve reconstruction. Poor outcome was primarily related to preexisting comorbidities. Patients undergoing valve reconstruction had fewer valve-related complications. Valve reconstruction resulted in excellent durability and freedom from complications. These findings suggest that mitral valve reconstruction should be considered for appropriate patients with ischemic mitral insufficiency.
|
['Aged', 'Bioprosthesis', 'Comorbidity', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Discriminant Analysis', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis', 'Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Mitral Valve', 'Mitral Valve Insufficiency', 'Odds Ratio', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Analysis', 'Time Factors']
| 11,726,886
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E07.695.100'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['E05.318.740.350', 'N05.715.360.750.325', 'N06.850.520.830.350'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E07.695.310'], ['E04.100.376.485', 'E04.650.410', 'E04.928.220.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['A07.541.510.507'], ['C14.280.484.461'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Presence and extent of the primary health care attributes among children hospitalized for pneumonia.
|
OBJECTIVE: to analyze the presence and extent of the primary health care attributes among children hospitalized for pneumonia.METHOD: observational and retrospective study with hospital-based case-control design, developed in three hospitals associated to the Brazilian Unified Health System, located in a city of the State of S?o Paulo, Brazil. The study included 690 children under five years old, with 345 cases and 345 controls.RESULTS: both groups scored high for access to health services. In contrast, high scores for attributes such as longitudinality and coordination of care were observed for the controls. Despite low scores, integrality and family counseling were also high for the controls.CONCLUSION: knowledge of the aspects involving the primary health care attributes and its provision for child care are very important because they have the potential to support professionals and managers of the Brazilian Unified Health System in the organization of health services.
|
['Brazil', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Pneumonia', 'Primary Health Care', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 26,312,636
|
[['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.748.610', 'C08.381.677', 'C08.730.610'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The quantification of HER2 and MYC gene fragments in cell-free plasma as putative biomarkers for gastric cancer diagnosis.
|
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the significance of circulating HER2 and MYC gene fragments quantification in the diagnosis of gastric cancer.METHODS: Levels of HER2 and MYC genes were evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization and real-time PCR in 81 gastric cancer tissues, and by real-time PCR in 36 gastritis tissues. Real-time PCR for HER2 and MYC products was also performed on 184 plasma samples from 81 gastric cancers, eight gastric adenomas, 63 gastritis patients, and 32 healthy individuals.RESULTS: HER2/HBB and MYC/HBB ratios in tissue and cell-free plasma from gastric cancer patients were significantly higher than those of gastritis tissue and cancer-free individuals. An optimized cut-off value of plasma target gene to HBB ratio, used to differentiate cancer patients from cancer-free individuals, was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Values of 2.0 were calculated for HER2 [area under the ROC curve (AUC), 0.760] and 2.725 for MYC (AUC, 0.767). A combination model of HER2 and MYC provided a better differentiation condition than that for HER2 or MYC only (AUC, 0.850). HER2/HBB ratios in plasma from gastric cancer patients correlated with MYC/HBB ratios.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the measurement of plasma HER2 and MYC gene levels could improve the screening of gastric cancer.
|
['Aged', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Female', 'Genes, myc', 'Humans', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Male', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 24,670,359
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Use of emergency departments among working age adults with disabilities: a problem of access and service needs.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between emergency department (ED) use and access to medical care and prescription medications among working age Americans with disabilities.DATA SOURCE: Pooled data from the 2006-2008 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), a U.S. health survey representative of community-dwelling civilians.STUDY DESIGN: We compared the health and service utilization of two groups of people with disabilities to a contrast group without disability. We modeled ED visits on the basis of disability status, measures of health and health conditions, access to care, and sociodemographics.DATA EXTRACTION: These variables were aggregated from the household component, the medical condition, and event files to provide average annual estimates for the period spanning 2006-2008.PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: People with disabilities accounted for almost 40 percent of the annual visits made to U.S. EDs each year. Three key factors affect their ED use: access to regular medical care (including prescription medications), disability status, and the complexity of individuals' health profiles.CONCLUSIONS: Given the volume of health conditions among people with disabilities, the ED will always play a role in their care. However, some ED visits could potentially be avoided if ongoing care were optimized.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Disabled Persons', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Female', 'Health Care Surveys', 'Health Services', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Insurance, Health', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 23,278,461
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.150'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['E05.318.308.980.344', 'N03.349.380.210', 'N05.425.210', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344'], ['N02.421'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.343'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Children of dialysis patients and selection of dialysis setting.
|
The authors interviewed hemodialysis patients, their families, and medical staff and found that some patients preferred dialysis at a medical facility, which allowed them to appear more "normal" before their children. Patients with more social support involved their children in dialysis at home. The author suggests that social support is of primary importance to the outcome of home dialysis and should be considered by physicians in the assessment of patient's suitability for home dialysis.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'Child', 'Family', 'Female', 'Health Facilities', 'Hemodialysis, Home', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Parent-Child Relations', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Social Adjustment']
| 626,226
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['N02.278'], ['E02.870.300.300', 'E02.912.800.300', 'N02.421.143.524.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.263.370.290'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['F01.145.813.621']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ecology of Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi in soil on a horse-breeding farm.
|
The ecology of Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi in soil was studied on a horse-breeding farm. R. equi was cultured from soil at a depth of 0, 10, and 20 cm on the six sites of the farm at monthly intervals for 10 months from March to December of 1983. The highest numbers of R. equi were found in the surface soil. The mean number of bacteria in soil samples at every depth increased remarkably from 0 or 10(2) to 10(4) colony-forming units (CFU) g-1 of soil in the middle of April, and later decreased gradually. R. equi inoculated into six soil exudate broths prepared from surface soils at separate sites yielded suspensions with different optical densities, indicating differences in growth. The distribution of serotypes in the soil was similar to that in the horses on the farm. These findings indicated that R. equi could multiply in the soil and flourish in the cycle existing between horses and their soil environment.
|
['Actinomycetales', 'Animals', 'Corynebacterium', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Horses', 'Serotyping', 'Soil Microbiology']
| 3,750,818
|
[['B03.510.024.049'], ['B01.050'], ['B03.510.024.250', 'B03.510.460.400.400.200'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['E01.370.225.812.742', 'E01.370.225.875.150.125.890', 'E05.200.812.742', 'E05.200.875.150.125.890', 'E05.478.594.780'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Activation and cytokine profile of monocyte derived dendritic cells in leprosy: in vitro stimulation by sonicated Mycobacterium leprae induces decreased level of IL-12p70 in lepromatous leprosy.
|
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in the connection of innate and adaptive immunity of hosts to mycobacterial infection. Studies on the interaction of monocyte-derived DCs (MO-DCs) using Mycobacterium leprae in leprosy patients are rare. The present study demonstrated that the differentiation of MOs to DCs was similar in all forms of leprosy compared to normal healthy individuals. In vitro stimulation of immature MO-DCs with sonicated M. leprae induced variable degrees of DC maturation as determined by the increased expression of HLA-DR, CD40, CD80 and CD86, but not CD83, in all studied groups. The production of different cytokines by the MO-DCs appeared similar in all of the studied groups under similar conditions. However, the production of interleukin (IL)-12p70 by MO-DCs from lepromatous (LL) leprosy patients after in vitro stimulation with M. leprae was lower than tuberculoid leprosy patients and healthy individuals, even after CD40 ligation with CD40 ligand-transfected cells. The present cumulative findings suggest that the MO-DCs of LL patients are generally a weak producer of IL-12p70 despite the moderate activating properties ofM. leprae. These results may explain the poor M. leprae-specific cell-mediated immunity in the LL type of leprosy.
|
['Antigens, Bacterial', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cytokines', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Female', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Interleukin-12', 'Leprosy, Lepromatous', 'Male', 'Monocytes', 'Mycobacterium leprae', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 26,222,022
|
[['D23.050.161'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.512', 'D12.776.467.374.465.512', 'D23.529.374.465.512'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371.775.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.502', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.502'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Advanced techniques for characterization of organic matter from anaerobically digested grapemarc distillery effluents and amended soils.
|
The effects of grapemarc distillery effluents on the quality of soil organic matter is extremely important to ensure the environmentally-safe and agronomically efficient use of these materials as organic amendment. In this work, the effects of the application of untreated (UG) and anaerobically digested grapemarc distillery effluents, either added with (AGM) or without mycorrhiza (AG), on soil humic acid (HA) were investigated in field plot experiments in comparison to HAs from a control soil and an inorganic fertilized soil. The humic acid-like fractions (HALs) isolated from UG, AG and soils were characterized for compositional, structural and functional properties by the use of elemental and functional group analysis, and ultraviolet/visible, Fourier transform infrared and fluorescence spectroscopies. Results obtained indicated that anaerobic digestion of effluents produced an extended mineralization with loss of organic C and stabilization of residual organic matter by increasing the content of HALs in the effluent. With respect to control soil HA, HALs isolated from UG and AG were characterized by smaller acidic functional group contents, a prevalent aliphatic character and smaller aromatic polycondensation and humification degrees. The chemical and spectroscopic characteristics of native soil HA were not substantially modified by application of UG, AG and AGM to soil, which suggests the occurred incorporation of the effluent HAL into native soil HA. In conclusion, these results showed the possibility of a beneficial and safe recycling of grapemarc distillery effluents as soil amendment.
|
['Distillation', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Fruit', 'Humans', 'Humic Substances', 'Industrial Waste', 'Italy', 'Soil Pollutants']
| 21,573,856
|
[['E05.196.155.249'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.444', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.377', 'D20.721.500'], ['D20.944.420', 'N06.850.460.710.420'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['D27.888.284.756']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Breakpoint of a Y chromosome pericentric inversion in the DAZ gene area. A case report.
|
BACKGROUND: The presence of a spermatogenesis locus (gene or gene complex) in the euchromatic region of the long arm of the Y chromosome (Yq11), defined as azoospermia factor on the basis of gross structural rearrangement, was detected. The gene family responsible for different spermatogenetic defects is "deleted in azoospermia" (DAZ).CASE: A 34-year-old man had oligozoospermia, and a cytogenetic analysis carried out on peripheral lymphocytes with G banding revealed a 46,X, inv(Y)(p11q11)karyotype. The relation between the chromosomal breakpoint and the DAZ gene was more precisely defined by a fluorescent in situ hybridization technique. We revealed two signals for the DAZ gene, weaker than normal, one on the short arm and the other on the long arm of the Y chromosome, indicating that the breakpoint was located at the DAZ gene level.CONCLUSION: This is the first report documenting a chromosomal pericentric inversion with disruption in the DAZ gene area. We hope to obtain information on whether the disruption affects a functional zone of the gene and correlates with oligospermia at the chromosomal level.
|
['Adult', 'Centrosome', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Chromosome Deletion', 'Chromosome Disorders', 'Deleted in Azoospermia 1 Protein', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Oligospermia', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Y Chromosome']
| 10,948,474
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.585.160', 'A11.284.430.214.190.750.820.500.500'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['C23.550.210.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.029.530.175', 'G05.365.590.175.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.762.180', 'G05.558.800.180', 'G05.700.131.500.500'], ['C16.131.260', 'C16.320.180'], ['D12.776.157.725.813.375', 'D12.776.664.962.813.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.294.365.700.508'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['A11.284.187.865.983', 'G05.360.162.865.983']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Electromotor feeding responses of primate ileum and colon.
|
Serosal bipolar electrodes to record spike discharges and strain gauge force transducers to record circular muscle contractions were placed in pairs on the terminal ileum, cecum, right colon at the ileocecal valve, ascending colon, and proximal transverse colon of sixteen primates. After an overnight fast, electromotor responses to continued fasting or to ingestion of a meal (randomized order) were recorded in awake animals. Feeding led to increased spike discharges and increased frequency of muscle contractions at all sites. The onset of these responses usually was within 6 minutes after feeding; the responses increased progressively during 30 to 45 minutes and then remained more or less at a constant plateau of increased activity. Atropine completely blocked the postcibal responses of ileum and proximal colon for up to 30 minutes. Transit time data of labeled meals excluded direct stimulation by a food bolus as the mechanism of the observed postcibal colonic response. The pattern of response was consistent with humoral mediation.
|
['Animals', 'Colon', 'Electrophysiology', 'Fasting', 'Food', 'Gastrointestinal Motility', 'Haplorhini', 'Ileum', 'Macaca', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Time Factors']
| 103,452
|
[['B01.050'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['G10.261.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene (MCP-1) polymorphisms are associated with risk of premature coronary artery disease in Mexican patients from the Genetics of Atherosclerotic Disease (GEA) study.
|
The CC chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1/CCL2 is involved in the formation, progression, and destabilization of atheromatous plaques and plays an essential role in postinfarction remodeling. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of MCP-1 gene polymorphisms as susceptibility markers for premature coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiovascular risk factors in the Mexican population. Four MCP-1 gene polymorphisms (rs1024611, rs2857654, rs3760396, and rs1024610) were genotyped by 5' exonuclease TaqMan assays in a group of 1072 patients with premature CAD, and 1082 healthy unrelated controls (with negative calcium score by computed tomography) seeking for associations with premature CAD and other metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors using logistic regression analyses. MCP-1 polymorphism frequencies were similar in premature CAD patients and healthy controls. When the analysis included only those premature CAD patients without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the rs1024610 polymorphism was associated with increased risk of developing premature CAD under dominant and additive models adjusted by age and gender (OR=1.33, Pdom=0.040 and OR=1.34, Padd=0.027). The effect of the MCP-1 polymorphisms on various metabolic cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic parameters was explored separately in controls, and premature CAD. In this analysis adjusted by age and gender, the rs3760396 CC genotype was associated with low levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (P=0.002), whereas, the rs1024610 TT genotype was associated with decreased risk of T2DM (P=0.035) in premature CAD patients. One haplotype (CATG) was associated with increased risk of developing premature CAD (OR=1.44, P=0.0019). In summary, in our study, the rs1024610 polymorphism was associated with increased risk of developing premature CAD only in those patients without T2DM. The four MCP-1 polymorphisms were in high linkage disequilibrium and one haplotype was significantly associated with risk of developing premature CAD.
|
['Alleles', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chemokine CCL2', 'Comorbidity', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mexico', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Risk', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 26,277,553
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.110.990.600', 'D12.776.467.374.200.110.990.600', 'D23.125.300.110.990.600', 'D23.469.200.110.990.600', 'D23.529.374.200.110.990.500'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['G05.330'], ['E05.393.385'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Apomorphine and glycoprotein synthesis during consolidation.
|
The dopamine agonist, apomorphine, was injected intrahippocampally immediately after acquisition of a brightness discrimination task, which was motivated by footshock in rats. This led to an increase in the incorporation of L-fucose into total proteins which were measured in the hippocampus 7-9 hours later. In behavioral experiments, the same application improved the retention of a learned task. A possible linkage between increased glycoprotein synthesis and improvement of the retention of a new learned behavior due to the action of apomorphine is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Apomorphine', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Discrimination Learning', 'Fucose', 'Glycoproteins', 'Hippocampus', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 7,122,655
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.132.098.038.290', 'D03.633.100.531.085.030.290', 'D03.633.400.095.290'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['F02.463.425.280'], ['D09.254.488'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['D12.776.631'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Opening and closure forces of sliding mechanisms of different self-ligating brackets.
|
UNLABELLED: Self-ligating brackets engage the wire by means of a slide mechanism. Forces that have to be applied to open and close the sliding mechanism of brackets are still unknown.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to measure and compare the opening and closure forces of different self-ligating brackets.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three different stainless steel self-ligating brackets (Carriere LX, Ortho Organizers; F1000, Leone; Damon Q, Ormco) were tested. For each different bracket, 20 maxillary right central incisors and 20 mandibular right central incisors were used. Opening and closure forces were measured using an Instron Universal Testing Machine. Statistical analysis was performed and ANOVA and Tukey tests were carried out.RESULTS: Opening forces were registered between 1.1 N and 5.6 N, whereas closure forces were recorded between 1.57 N and 4.87 N. Significant differences were detected among the different brackets and between the two prescriptions tested.CONCLUSION: The knowledge of different opening and closure forces of self-ligating brackets can help the orthodontist in the clinical management of these devices.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Materials Testing', 'Orthodontic Appliance Design', 'Orthodontic Brackets', 'Reference Values', 'Stainless Steel', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 23,857,652
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E05.570'], ['E05.320.274', 'E06.658.450', 'E06.912.675'], ['E06.658.453.255.500'], ['E05.978.810'], ['D01.490.800.900', 'D01.552.033.847.681', 'D25.058.807.681', 'J01.637.051.058.807.681'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Acquired ocular toxoplasmosis. A fluorescein angiography study.
|
A 31-year-old man exhibited a bilateral deterioration of vision over the course of 1 week. The right fundus showed the picture of a central vein occlusion, and the left of a disseminated choroiditis. Indirect immunofluorescent testing indicated a titer of 1:2048 for toxoplasmosis. Fluorescein angiography revealed a hitherto unique picture of isolated choroidal occlusions but neither a central vein occlusion nor a disseminated choroiditis. Using only specific antitoxoplasmotic therapy, the patient regained full visual acuity on both sides. The original findings and the results of a 14-year follow-up are presented.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Protozoan', 'Fluorescein Angiography', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fundus Oculi', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pyrimethamine', 'Sulfadiazine', 'Toxoplasma', 'Toxoplasmosis, Ocular', 'Visual Acuity']
| 1,800,924
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.252', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.252', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.252'], ['E01.370.370.050.350', 'E01.370.380.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A09.371.729.313'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.742.675'], ['D02.065.884.725.755', 'D02.092.146.807.755', 'D02.886.590.700.725.755'], ['B01.043.075.189.250.750.800'], ['C01.610.300.781', 'C01.610.752.250.800.640', 'C11.294.725.781'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A new evaluation of pancreatic function after pancreatoduodenectomy using secretin magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.
|
BACKGROUND: The remnant pancreatic function after pancreatoduodenectomy influences greatly postoperative quality of life. However, it has been difficult to evaluate the exocrine remnant pancreatic function postoperatively. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of secretin-stimulated magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (secretin MRCP) in evaluating the remnant pancreatic function and ascertaining the anastomotic patency after pancreatoduodenectomy.METHODS: Thirty-four patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy were evaluated with secretin MRCP. The results of MRCP were determined by the amount of exocrine pancreatic secretion, and were graded as follows: grade I (poor secretion), grade II (moderate secretion), and grade III (good secretion).RESULTS: Secretin MRCP could visualize the pancreatic secretion dynamically. MRCP grades were grade I in 11 patients, grade II in 12, and grade III in 11. There was a significant correlation between MRCP grade and glucose tolerance. We confirmed visually the patency of the anastomotic site in 24 patients (71%). MRCP grades correlated significantly with clinical symptoms.CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated secretin MRCP was feasible for evaluating the remnant pancreatic function after pancreatoduodenectomy.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bile Ducts', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatic Function Tests', 'Pancreaticoduodenectomy', 'Postoperative Period', 'Secretin', 'Time Factors']
| 9,776,159
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A03.159.183'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.734'], ['E01.370.372.600'], ['E04.210.760'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['D06.472.317.800', 'D06.472.699.810', 'D12.644.400.705', 'D12.644.548.810', 'D12.776.631.650.705'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Brain abnormalities in fucosidosis: transplantation or supportive therapy?
|
Fucosidosis is a rare lysosomal storage disease caused by á-fucosidase deficiency, which leads to progressive neurological deterioration and death. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the best curative therapy if performed during the early stages of disease. We report two fucosidosis patients with brain abnormalities and the challenge faced in their management. The first patient received supportive therapy and the second one firstly underwent unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation. After a period of follow-up, we found neurological symptoms were worsening day by day on patient1. By contrast, patient2 who received cord blood transplantation acquired clinical neurologic improvement in response to normalization of deficient enzymatic activity. This report indicates that hematopoietic transplant could reduce the severity and retard the progression of clinical neurological deterioration. Umbilical cord blood transplantation is a novel approach for treating fucosidosis patients who lack suitable bone morrow donors.
|
['Atrophy', 'Brain', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Developmental Disabilities', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Fucosidosis', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,238,202
|
[['C23.300.070'], ['A08.186.211'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.312', 'E04.936.225.687.312'], ['F03.625.421'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.435.295', 'C16.320.565.189.435.295', 'C16.320.565.202.303', 'C16.320.565.595.554.295', 'C18.452.132.100.435.295', 'C18.452.648.189.435.295', 'C18.452.648.202.303', 'C18.452.648.595.554.295'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Parallel placement of Excluder legs for treatment of type IIIb endoleaks caused by fabric tear after endovascular aneurysm repair.
|
A total of 576 patients underwent endovascular aneurysm repair using main body devices for treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms or iliac artery aneurysms. During follow-up, type IIIb endoleaks caused by fabric tear occurred in six patients (1.0% [6/576]). The device used was Zenith (Cook Medical, Bloomington, Ind) in five cases and Talent (Medtronic, Santa Rosa, Calif) in one case. All endoleaks were close to the flow divider of the main body devices. The distance between the lower renal artery and the top end of the contralateral leg was 53 ± 14 mm. Bell-bottom-shaped Excluder (W. L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, Ariz) legs were placed parallel from the top of the main body device through both legs to treat these endoleaks. In two patients, coil embolization was required to treat gutter endoleaks. Postoperative computed tomography showed the obliteration of type IIIb endoleaks in all patients. Our technique may be an acceptable method for treatment of type IIIb endoleaks, especially when they occur near the flow divider.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal', 'Aortography', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Computed Tomography Angiography', 'Echocardiography, Doppler, Color', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Endoleak', 'Endovascular Procedures', 'Humans', 'Iliac Aneurysm', 'Male', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Prosthesis Failure', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,705,593
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.907.055.239.075', 'C14.907.109.139.075'], ['E01.370.350.700.060.070', 'E01.370.370.050.070'], ['E07.695.110'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.335', 'E01.370.350.567.250', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.568', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.499'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220.220'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['C14.907.055.501', 'C23.550.414.941.500', 'C23.550.767.850.500'], ['E04.100.814.529', 'E04.502.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.055.625'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['C23.550.767.865', 'E05.325.771'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms in thiopurine methyltransferase gene and tolerance to thiopurines in acute leukemia].
|
OBJECTIVE: For the purpose of clarifying the influence of thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the efficacy of thiopurines and risk for its toxicity and therefore improving the safety and efficacy of thiopurines, the authors investigated TPMT genotype in acute leukemia in children who were intolerant to the treatment with 6-mercap topurine (6-MP).METHODS: TPMT genotype was determined in an unrelated population of 250 Chinese healthy blood donors and 280 children with acute leukemia. TPMT genotyping assay was based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction digestion of PCR products, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and direct DNA sequencing in the TPMT * 2 (G238C), TPMT * 3A (G460A, A719G) and TPMT * 3C (A719G).RESULTS: There were 10 TPMT * 1/TPMT * 3C heterozygotes in 280 children. The frequency of the polymorphism was 3.6%. All the involved alleles were TPMT * 3C. Of the 160 children acute leukemia evaluated, 45 (26%) were intolerant to 6-MP. Presentations included hepatotoxicity and hematological toxicity. Six out of 45 children were heterozygous, while the other 39 were wild type homozygous. Before dosage adjustments for thiopurine, the hematologic toxicity and hepatotoxicity in TPMT heterozygous individuals occurred more frequently than in homozygous. Therefore, cases of TPMT heterozygotes experienced more missed doses of 6-MP.CONCLUSIONS: TPMT genotype is associated with tolerance in acute leukemia in children. The heterozygote individuals have low TPMT activity. Therefore the frequencies of hemtopoietic toxicity and hepatoxicity are high after using 6-MP. Detection of SNPs in the TPMT genes is useful in identifying children before administration of 6-MP.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adolescent', 'Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Exons', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Leukemia', 'Male', 'Mercaptopurine', 'Methyltransferases', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide']
| 14,723,818
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.519.186.144', 'D27.505.954.248.144', 'D27.888.569.042.030'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C04.557.337'], ['D02.886.489.534', 'D03.633.100.759.570'], ['D08.811.913.555.500'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.598']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Robust inter-subject audiovisual decoding in functional magnetic resonance imaging using high-dimensional regression.
|
Major methodological advancements have been recently made in the field of neural decoding, which is concerned with the reconstruction of mental content from neuroimaging measures. However, in the absence of a large-scale examination of the validity of the decoding models across subjects and content, the extent to which these models can be generalized is not clear. This study addresses the challenge of producing generalizable decoding models, which allow the reconstruction of perceived audiovisual features from human magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data without prior training of the algorithm on the decoded content. We applied an adapted version of kernel ridge regression combined with temporal optimization on data acquired during film viewing (234 runs) to generate standardized brain models for sound loudness, speech presence, perceived motion, face-to-frame ratio, lightness, and color brightness. The prediction accuracies were tested on data collected from different subjects watching other movies mainly in another scanner. Substantial and significant (QFDR<0.05) correlations between the reconstructed and the original descriptors were found for the first three features (loudness, speech, and motion) in all of the 9 test movies (R?=0.62, R? = 0.60, R? = 0.60, respectively) with high reproducibility of the predictors across subjects. The face ratio model produced significant correlations in 7 out of 8 movies (R?=0.56). The lightness and brightness models did not show robustness (R?=0.23, R? = 0). Further analysis of additional data (95 runs) indicated that loudness reconstruction veridicality can consistently reveal relevant group differences in musical experience. The findings point to the validity and generalizability of our loudness, speech, motion, and face ratio models for complex cinematic stimuli (as well as for music in the case of loudness). While future research should further validate these models using controlled stimuli and explore the feasibility of extracting more complex models via this method, the reliability of our results indicates the potential usefulness of the approach and the resulting models in basic scientific and diagnostic contexts.
|
['Algorithms', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Humans', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging']
| 28,939,433
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E01.370.350.825.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A rapid method for the separation of rat pancreatic islets from collagenase-digested pancreas using Percoll.
|
The isolation of pancreatic islets from collagenase-digested Wistar rat pancreas was shown by the sedimentation method at a unit gravity using Percoll solution with a density of 1.041 g/ml. The density of digested exocrine tissues was in the range of 1.013-1.041 g/ml, while that of purely isolated islets was in the narrow range of 1.066-1.075 g/ml. More than a hundred islets were obtained freely from each rat pancreas without any gross contamination of digested exocrine tissues. A significant increase was observed in glucose-stimulated insulin release from islet isolated with Percoll in the same pattern as that without Percoll. In addition to the well preserved morphology and function of pancreatic islets isolated by Percoll, the simplicity of the technique strongly commends the usefullness of this method.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Separation', 'Glucose', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Secretion', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Male', 'Microbial Collagenase', 'Povidone', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Silicon Dioxide']
| 6,284,493
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G03.442', 'G07.475'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.500', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.500'], ['D02.455.326.271.884.533.699', 'D03.383.773.812.615', 'D05.750.716.721.838', 'D25.720.716.721.838', 'J01.637.051.720.716.721.838'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An upstream open reading frame impedes translation of the huntingtin gene.
|
Expansion of a CAG tract within the huntingtin gene, leading to the production of a protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract, is responsible for Huntington's disease. We show here that the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the huntingtin gene plays an important role in controlling the synthesis of huntingtin. In particular, the 5' UTR contains an upstream open reading frame (uORF) encoding a 21 amino acid peptide. We demonstrate that the presence of this uORF negatively influences expression from the huntingtin mRNA. Our results suggest a role for the uORF in limiting ribosomal access to downstream initiation sites. Mechanisms involving the post-transcriptional regulation of huntingtin are not well understood, and this may be an important way of regulating huntingtin protein levels.
|
["5' Untranslated Regions", 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'COS Cells', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, Reporter', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Huntingtin Protein', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Ribosomes', 'Transcription Initiation Site', 'Xenopus']
| 12,466,534
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.885', 'D13.444.735.790.878.885', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.885', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.885'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.441'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.631'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.840'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Self-stigma by people diagnosed with schizophrenia, depression and anxiety: Cross-sectional survey design.
|
AIM: This study investigated self-attitudes towards schizophrenia, depression and anxiety.METHODS: A survey was conducted with 564 people with a schizophrenia, depression and anxiety who are currently being treated at a psychiatric clinic in Amman, Jordan.RESULTS: The research found that stigma towards schizophrenia, depression and anxiety was based around three factors: preconceived stereotypes, personal responsibility/blame and the perceived inability of a patient to recover. Schizophrenia, in particular, was linked more strongly to negative stereotypes and an inability to recover and less associated to personal responsibility/blame in comparison to depression and anxiety.DISCUSSION: Three identical stigma factors emerged for each diagnosis which reflected themes identified in previous literature. People with schizophrenia are seen as more dangerous and less likely to recover than those suffering from other mental illness. Anxiety was seen most favourably by the self; it was associated with less negative stereotypes and seen as more likely to cure. Interestingly, anxiety and depression were seen almost identically.CONCLUSION: The self-perception of mental health conditions, such as schizophrenia, depression and anxiety, have important implications for the planning of anti-stigma and awareness raising programmes. By gaining a thorough understanding of these perceptions and the rationale behind them, it may be possible to develop effective, tailor-made interventions.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anxiety Disorders', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Saudi Arabia', 'Schizophrenia', 'Self Concept', 'Social Stigma', 'Young Adult']
| 28,198,022
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F03.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F03.600.300'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.252.245.500.750'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['F01.145.813.840'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Enterotoxemia in newborn calves due to Cl. perfringens types A, C and D].
|
The clinical symptoms and the morphologic picture of calf enterotoxemia are described. Studied were a total of thirty-two dead and slaughtered animals. Bacteriologically, the disease was shown to be caused by types A, D, and C of Clostridium perfringens. Types C and D proved pathogenic for guinea pigs, while type A did not. Isolated was a strain of Clostridium perfringens, which had high toxigenicity. It was found that calves were fairly often affected with the disease. Most severe were the infections caused by type C of Cl. perfringens, with most pronounced morphologic lesions. There were differences in the changes caused by all three types of the organism in calves, which made it possible to distinguish them as causative agents. Type A induced slight icterus and slightly manifested hemosiderosis of the liver, kidneys, and spleen; type D was responsible for severe injury and hyalin dystrophy of the kidneys; and type C caused necrotic enteritis, pronounced hemorrhagic diathesis, degenerative changes in the ganglial cells, and demyelinization of the brain.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Clostridium Infections', 'Clostridium perfringens', 'Enterotoxins', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Mice']
| 2,876,542
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['C01.150.252.410.222'], ['B03.300.390.400.200.575', 'B03.353.625.375.500.575', 'B03.510.415.400.200.575'], ['D23.946.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Two-dimensional echocardiography during the acute phase of myocardial infarction. Diagnostic and prognostic value].
|
A bidimensional cardiac sonogram was performed in 152 consecutive patients with in 24 hours after hospitalization in the intensive care unit for acute myocardial infarction, in order to evaluate the contribution of this technique to the diagnosis, determination of early complication and the prognosis. For this study, the left ventricle was divided in 10.segments. For each segment, systolic mobility as well as thickness were evaluated. It was possible to obtain a proper recording in 134 patients. Abnormal left ventricular kinetics (at least 1 segment) is present in all anterior transmural infarctions with, in 90 p. cent of the cases, a concordance between electrical and sonographic localization and in 89 p. cent of inferior between electrical and sonographic localization and in 89 p. cent of inferior only present in 65 p. cent. Abnormal kinetics is only present in 65 p. cent of non transmural infarctions. In 15 patients with clinical infarction without any electrical sign, the cardiac sonogram permitted to make the diagnosis and establish the localization of the infarction. In 46 p. cent of the cases, a left ventricular asynergy was observed at a distance of the necrosed area. In these patients, the mortality and cardiogenic shock rates during hospitalization were higher than for patients who did not present these abnormal findings (p less than 0.01). In conclusion, bidimensional cardiac sonography is a very specific diagnostic tool, permitting an early prognosis and able to detect early complication, especially of pericardial and mechanical nature.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Echocardiography', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Shock, Cardiogenic']
| 2,604,364
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C14.280.647.500.750', 'C14.907.585.500.750', 'C23.550.513.355.750.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750.750', 'C23.550.835.550']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Is the risk of pneumocystosis predictable in Wegener's disease?].
|
Twelve cases of Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis were compared with a control-group of 32 patients. Our study showed that the dose of cyclophosphamide received in the first three months and a profound lymphocytopenia were strongly predictive of a risk of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in these patients.
|
['Cyclophosphamide', 'Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis', 'Humans', 'Lymphopenia', 'Pneumonia, Pneumocystis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 8,009,021
|
[['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['C08.381.483.950', 'C14.907.940.897.249.750', 'C20.111.193.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C15.378.553.546.605', 'C20.673.627'], ['C01.150.703.534.700', 'C01.150.703.770.700', 'C01.748.435.700', 'C01.748.610.675', 'C08.381.472.700', 'C08.381.677.675', 'C08.730.435.700', 'C08.730.610.675'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Origin of cell contrast in offset aperture adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy.
|
Offset aperture and split detector imaging are variants of adaptive optics scanning ophthalmoscopy recently introduced to improve the image contrast of retinal cells. Unlike conventional confocal scanning ophthalmoscopy, these approaches collect light laterally decentered from the optical axis. A complete explanation of how these methods enhance contrast has not been described. Here, we provide an optical model with supporting in vivo data that show contrast is generated from spatial variations in the refractive index as it is in phase contrast microscopy. A prediction of this model is supported by experimental data that show contrast is optimized when the detector is placed conjugate with a deeper backscattering screen such as the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid, rather than with the layer being imaged as in conventional confocal imaging. This detection strategy provides a substantial improvement in the contrast these new methods can produce.
|
['Animals', 'Mice', 'Ophthalmoscopy', 'Optical Phenomena', 'Retina', 'Signal-To-Noise Ratio']
| 32,058,484
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.380.560'], ['G01.590'], ['A09.371.729'], ['E05.318.370.800.875', 'E05.318.740.872.875', 'G17.800.500', 'N05.715.360.325.700.840', 'N05.715.360.750.725.750', 'N06.850.520.445.800.875', 'N06.850.520.830.872.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Developmental characteristics of figure drawings made by boys and girls ages five through eleven.
|
526 children from the ages of 5 yr. through 11 yr. (257 boys and 269 girls) responded when asked to draw the figure of a man. Of the 68 characteristics investigated the girls' responses were significantly different from the boys' on 41 items (60%) while boys' responses were significantly different on 28 items (41%). Although there were significant differences in some responses they were not necessarily indicative of higher levels of performance. Given the number of boys and girls participating and the number of significant differences, the over-all significant difference was 0. There were, however, many significant differences found in the drawings made by boys and girls ages 5, 6 and 9 yr.
|
['Art', 'Child', 'Child Development', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychometrics', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Sex Factors']
| 2,326,128
|
[['K01.093'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.780'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Erythropoietin promotes hippocampal neurogenesis in in vitro models of neonatal stroke.
|
The hippocampus is often injured in neonatal stroke. We have investigated the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on oxygen-glucose deprived hippocampal slices and hypoxic progenitor cells. EPO improved survival of the organotypic hippocampal slices with significantly less cell death in the dentate gyrus and an increased number of proliferating cells 4-5 days after insult. Significantly fewer markers of neurogenesis were seen after the insult but when EPO was added to the culture medium, neurogenesis was sustained. When hippocampal progenitor cultures were stimulated into differentiation, more cells chose a neuronal cell fate when treated with EPO. These findings support the hypothesis that EPO not only prevents ischemia induced cell death but promotes neuronal cell fate commitment in in vitro models of neonatal stroke.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Hypoxia', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Erythropoietin', 'Glucose', 'Hippocampus', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Neurogenesis', 'Neurons', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Erythropoietin', 'Stem Cells']
| 20,117,210
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G03.197.300', 'G04.270.300'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.150', 'D12.776.395.240.150', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.150', 'D23.529.374.410.240.150'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['G04.152.912', 'G07.345.500.325.377.687', 'G08.686.784.170.450.500', 'G11.561.620'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.150.200', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.200.340'], ['A11.872']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The organization of the human-plasminogen-activator-inhibitor-1 gene. Implications on the evolution of the serine-protease inhibitor family.
|
Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is a member of the serine protease inhibitor super family (SERPINS) which is thought to play an integral role in the control of plasminogen activation. PAI-1 inhibits both tissue-type plasminogen activator and urokinase-type plasminogen activator and may therefore be implicated in the control of various physiological processes. We have isolated the PAI-1 gene including its 5'-flanking sequence. The gene was characterized by restriction enzyme analysis, Southern blotting and DNA sequencing of all the coding parts as well as the 5'-flanking region. The PAI-1 gene contains nine exons and eight introns distributed over approximately 12.3 kb of DNA. All exon/intron boundaries agree with the 'GT-AG' rule. To characterize the presumptive promoter region, 800 bp of the 5'-flanking region was sequenced and potential binding sites for transacting transcriptional factors were localized. The transcription initiation site was identified by S1 protection experiments and is located 25 base pairs downstream of a TATA consensus sequence. By aligning the gene structure of PAI-1 and four other SERPINS and extrapolating a general tertiary structure to these SERPINS, we find that most introns map between subdomain structures of the proteins. Evidence is presented supporting an intron loss model for the evolution of the SERPIN family.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Biological Evolution', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Exons', 'Genes', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Introns', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oligonucleotide Probes', 'Plasminogen Inactivators', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protease Inhibitors', 'Rats', 'Serine Proteinase Inhibitors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 3,262,512
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.360.340.024.220.400', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.515'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.444.600.601', 'D27.505.259.750.600.650', 'D27.720.470.530.600.650'], ['D12.644.861.695', 'D12.776.872.695', 'D23.119.832'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D27.505.519.389.745'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.800'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Novel lipid mediator regulators of endothelial cell proliferation and migration: aspirin-triggered-15R-lipoxin A(4) and lipoxin A(4).
|
Proliferative states such as chronic inflammation, ischemic diseases, and cancer are often accompanied by intense angiogenesis, a highly orchestrated process involving vessel sprouting, endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and maturation. Aspirin-triggered lipoxins (ATLs), the 15R enantiomeric counterparts of lipoxins (LXs), are endogenous mediators generated during multicellular responses that display potent immunomodulatory actions. Herein, we report a novel action for the ATL stable analog 15-epi-16-(para-fluoro)-phenoxy-lipoxin A(4) (denoted ATL-1), which proved to be a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. This ATL inhibited endothelial cell proliferation in the 1 to 10 nM range by approximately 50% in cells stimulated with either vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) at 3 ng/ml or leukotriene D(4) at 10 nM. In addition, ATL-1 (in a 10-100 nM range) inhibited VEGF (3 ng/ml)-induced endothelial cell chemotaxis. In a granuloma in vivo model of inflammatory angiogenesis, ATL-1 treatment (10 microg/mouse) reduced by approximately 50% the angiogenic phenotype, as assessed by both vascular casting and fluorescence. Together, these results identify a novel and potent previously unappreciated action of aspirin-triggered 15-epi-LX.
|
['Angiogenesis Inhibitors', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Movement', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chemotaxis', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'Eicosanoids', 'Endothelial Growth Factors', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Humans', 'Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Leukotriene A4', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Lipoxins', 'Lymphokines', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Neovascularization, Pathologic', 'Umbilical Cord', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors']
| 11,805,195
|
[['D27.505.696.377.077.099', 'D27.505.696.377.450.100', 'D27.505.954.248.025'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.251'], ['F01.145.113.780.500', 'F01.145.875.439.500.500', 'G04.198.424', 'G07.568.500.590.500', 'G11.427.410.568.850.500'], ['G05.200.230'], ['D10.251.355.255', 'D23.469.050.175'], ['D12.644.276.390', 'D12.776.467.390', 'D23.529.390'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.300', 'D10.251.355.310.166.550'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.450.405', 'D10.251.355.310.166.887.405', 'D23.469.050.175.450.400'], ['G03.458'], ['D10.251.355.255.375'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['C23.550.589.500'], ['A16.378.693'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['D12.644.276.100.800', 'D12.776.467.100.800', 'D23.529.100.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dietary phosphorus supply, egg-shell deposition and plasma inorganic phosphorus in laying hens.
|
1. In 2 experiments the effects of dietary phosphorus on relationships between plasma inorganic phosphorus concentration (Pi), shell and egg production and depletion states were measured in brown laying hens. 2. In a 12-week experiment dietary phosphorus concentrations from conventionally deficient (1.6 g non-phytate-phosphorus (PNP)/kg) to moderate excess (3.9 g PNP/kg) had little effect on egg and shell production, although there was evidence that plasma Pi concentration, when not influenced strongly by shell formation, reflected dietary phosphorus content. 3. Among birds at each dietary phosphorus concentration there was a negative linear relationship between shell weight of early eggs in the sequence and plasma Pi concentration. The relationship was apparently not affected by dietary phosphorus concentration. 4. Continued feeding of the deficient diet to 61 weeks of age did not have effects on body weight, egg and shell production, other than those associated with age, but plasma Pi and bone measurements indicated marginal phosphorus depletion. 5. In another experiment excessive dietary phosphorus (11.9 g PNP/kg) fed in a cross-over design caused small adverse effects on shell production, increased food intake and body weight and increased plasma Pi content, while there was no relationship between shell weight and plasma Pi concentration. 6. The results are consistent with an indirect effect of plasma phosphorus accumulation on shell formation, probably via an inhibitory effect on skeletal calcium release, in addition to any effect of excess dietary phosphorus on intestinal calcium availability. 7. Phosphorus requirement and status in the laying hen are complicated by the failure to recognise the contribution of digestible phytate-phosphorus to the available phosphorus supply.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Animals', 'Bone and Bones', 'Chickens', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Diet', 'Egg Shell', 'Female', 'Nutritional Requirements', 'Oviposition', 'Phosphorus', 'Phosphorus, Dietary', 'Random Allocation']
| 11,337,973
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['G07.203.650.161'], ['B01.050'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['A13.316'], ['G07.203.650.620'], ['G08.686.784.480'], ['D01.268.666'], ['D01.695.635'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Efficiency of host utilisation by coleopteran parasitoid.
|
In insect larvae, optimising food utilisation with respect to available meals and time is essential for achieving maximum adult body size, which is a relevant proxy of fitness. We studied the efficiency of food conversion, body size, mortality, and development time in a solitary idiobiont ectoparasitoid, Brachinus explodens (Coleoptera: Carabidae), reared in the laboratory on the pupae of another carabid genus, Amara. The efficiency of conversion index (ECI - ratio of ingested to assimilated food) was, on average, 54.1±1.1% (n=76), with a minimum of 26.9% and a maximum of 81.6%. The rate of increase in biomass gained (W(gained)) with biomass of the host was constant in females, but it decreased in males over the range of host body mass. Females, therefore, grew heavier from hosts of the same mass compared to males. Body length increased with the host mass and was correlated with W(gained) identically for both sexes. Mortality was unaffected by the host mass, but it significantly increased below 20°C. In contrast, the development time of the feeding phase of the larva increased with the host mass at 20.3 and 23.7°C, but it remained unaffected at 26.9°C and in all three temperatures considering pupal development. W(gained) increased with development time up to ca. 8 days of larval feeding at 23.7°C. To our knowledge, our data are the first on food utilisation in solitary idiobiont coleopteran ectoparasitoids, and they present the highest values of ECI in insects.
|
['Animals', 'Body Size', 'Coleoptera', 'Female', 'Host-Parasite Interactions', 'Larva', 'Male']
| 21,968,287
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.375'], ['G16.527.200.400'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
White-knuckle ride to theatre.
|
Preventing or reducing anxiety in surgical patients can lead to better recovery with fewer complications and earlier discharge (Baldwin 1993). There seems to be little evidence, however, that effective nursing measures are taken to reduce anxiety. This article presents a critical review of the literature on preoperative anxiety, and what is being done to alleviate it. It makes recommendations for future practice, emphasising psychological support of the patient and individualised care.
|
['Anxiety', 'Fear', 'Humans', 'Nursing Assessment', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Preoperative Care']
| 10,373,941
|
[['F01.470.132'], ['F01.470.361'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.590.233.508.480'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Mentored simulation training improves procedural skills in cardiac catheterization: a randomized, controlled pilot study.
|
BACKGROUND: Despite valuable supplemental training resources for surgical skill acquisition, utility of virtual reality simulators to improve skills relevant to performing cardiac catheterization has not been evaluated.METHODS AND RESULTS: Post baseline cardiac catheterization performance assessment, 27 cardiology trainees were randomized to either mentored training on a virtual reality simulator (n=12) or no simulator training (control; n=15). Cardiac catheterization performance was reassessed 1 week post baseline assessment. Performance scores at 1 week were compared with baseline within each group, and change in score from baseline to 1 week was compared between groups. Linear regression modeling was performed to assess the effect of simulator training as a function of baseline performance. Technical performance improved postintervention in the simulator group (24 versus 18; P=0.008) and changed marginally in the control group (20 versus 18; P=0.054). Improvement in technical performance was greater in the simulator group (6 versus 1; P=0.04). Global performance improved postintervention in both groups (simulator, 24 versus 17, P=0.01; control, 20 versus 18, P=0.02), with a trend toward greater improvement in the simulator group (5 versus 2; P=0.11). Lower scores at baseline were associated with larger differences in postintervention scores between the simulator and control groups (technical performance, P=0.0006; global performance, P<0.0001).CONCLUSIONS: Skills required to perform cardiac catheterization can be learned via mentored simulation training and are transferable to actual procedures in the catheterization laboratory. Less proficient operators derive greater benefit from simulator training than more proficient operators.
|
['Adult', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Cardiology', 'Clinical Competence', 'Computer Simulation', 'Education, Medical, Graduate', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Learning Curve', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Mentors', 'Motor Skills', 'Ontario', 'Pilot Projects', 'Task Performance and Analysis']
| 23,048,053
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['H02.403.429.163'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['L01.224.160'], ['I02.358.337.350', 'I02.358.399.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.784.629.529.274'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['M01.395'], ['F02.808.260'], ['Z01.107.567.176.639'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Minimally symptomatic severe hypercalcaemia in a patient with parathyroid carcinoma.
|
The case of a 38 years old man with generalized pains fatigue, anorexia, constipation, polyuria serum calcium level of 20.6mg/dl in paired renal function parathyroid hormone is presented. Sestamibi scan showed a functioning left inferior parathyroid tumor, which was successfully removed. Before surgery he was managed with rehydration, diuretics and pamidronate infusion. Five months post surgery the serum calcium levels are normal and renal function has improved.
|
['Adult', 'Calcium', 'Carcinoma', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hypercalcemia', 'Male', 'Parathyroid Hormone', 'Parathyroid Neoplasms', 'Parathyroidectomy', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Thyroidectomy']
| 16,454,135
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.174.451', 'C18.452.950.340'], ['D06.472.699.590', 'D12.644.548.587'], ['C04.588.322.525', 'C04.588.443.680', 'C19.344.525', 'C19.642.713'], ['E04.270.694'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E04.270.856']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant for prolymphocytic leukemia.
|
The poor prognosis of patients with prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL) has led some clinicians to recommend allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). However, the data to support this approach is limited to case-reports and small case series. We reviewed the database of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) to determine outcomes after allotransplant for patients with PLL. We identified 47 patients with a median age of 54 years (range: 30-75 years). With a median follow-up of 13 months, progression-free survival (PFS) was 33% (95% confidence interval [CI] 20%-47%) at 1 year. The most common cause of death was relapse or progression in 49%. The cumulative incidence of treatment-related mortality (TRM) at 1-year posttransplant was 28%. The small patient population prohibited prognostic factor analysis, but these data support consideration of allotransplant for PLL. Further study of a larger population of patients is needed to determine which patients are more likely to benefit.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Prolymphocytic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Transplantation Conditioning']
| 19,961,946
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.428.565', 'C15.604.515.560.550', 'C20.683.515.528.565'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E02.095.465.425.450.800', 'E05.478.610.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Access to assistive technology in two Southern African countries.
|
BACKGROUND: Millions of people in Southern Africa are deprived of basic human rights such as the right to education and work because of the large and growing unmet demand for assistive technologies (AT). Evidence is needed to better characterize the lack of AT access.METHODS: This study serves to identify the sociodemographic factors that are associated with access to AT in two countries in Southern Africa, Botswana and Swaziland. To achieve this aim, logistics regression was applied to a subset of variables from two Living Conditions Studies, nationally representative surveys that were conducted in Southern Africa (2014 and 2010).RESULTS: In Botswana, 44% of people who needed AT did not receive it, while in Swaziland the unmet need was 67%. Among the sociodemographic variables tested, the type of disability was the most important factor in determining AT access in both countries. The likelihood of AT access was highest in both countries for those who had mobility limitations (i.e., difficulty walking/climbing stairs) [Botswana: 6.4 odds ratio (OR) = 6.4., 95% confidence internal (CI) (3.6-11.3); Swaziland: OR = 3.2, CI (1.4-7.3)], in comparison to those with non-mobility types of disabilities.CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide support for governments and other stakeholders in the AT sector to prioritize AT to address the large unmet demand, and expand the range of AT products provided so that people with hearing, seeing, self-care, communication and cognition difficulties have equal access to AT as those with mobility impairments. A step toward achieving these aims is to inventory AT product types that are commonly covered through the public sector in each country, and identify common gaps (e.g., daily living aids). Advancing the AT sector as a whole within Southern Africa will require large scale qualitative studies that achieve a comprehensive understanding of the bottlenecks in regional AT supply, procurement, and delivery systems.
|
['Botswana', 'Disabled Persons', 'Eswatini', 'Female', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Humans', 'Qualitative Research', 'Self-Help Devices', 'Young Adult']
| 30,340,484
|
[['Z01.058.290.175.230'], ['M01.150'], ['Z01.058.290.175.300'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['E07.796'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Percutaneous cryotherapy for metastatic bladder cancer: experience with 23 patients.
|
Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract and in many patients is metastatic at diagnosis. Chemotherapy is the standard treatment for these patients but has serious side effects and in many patients is not tolerated. To avoid the side effects of systemic chemotherapy, patients with late stage bladder cancer have sought cryotherapy in our hospital. We reviewed data for the past 4 years to evaluate the safety and efficiency of percutaneous cryotherapy in 23 patients. Within 3 days after cryosurgery, all complications of bladder cancer (e.g. hematuria, urinary irritation, hypogastralgia, lumbago) had decreased to some degree. No new complications (e.g. bladder perforation) occurred and all complications had disappeared completely after 2 weeks. The progression-free survival (PFS) of these patients was 14 ± 8 months. There was no effect on PFS of tumor location or histopathology; however, differentiation status and tumor size influenced the therapeutic effect of percutaneous cryoablation. In conclusion, percutaneous cryotherapy may be a safe and efficacious therapeutic option in the treatment of metastatic bladder cancer.
|
['Abdominal Neoplasms', 'Adenocarcinoma', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Carcinoma, Transitional Cell', 'Cryosurgery', 'Cryotherapy', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 24,368,268
|
[['C04.588.033'], ['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['C04.557.470.200.430'], ['E04.014.180'], ['E02.258'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effectiveness of compensating filters in the presence of tissue inhomogeneities.
|
CT based 3D treatment planning systems (3DTPS) can be used to design compensating filters that, in addition to missing tissue compensation, can account for tissue inhomogeneities. The use of computer-driven systems provides a practical, convenient, and accurate method of fabricating compensating filters. In this work, we have evaluated a commercially available PAR Scientific DIGIMILL milling machine linked with FOCUS 3DTPS. Compensating filters were fabricated using refined gypsum material with no additives. Thus, filters were of manageable dimensions and were not sensitive to common machining errors. Compensating filters were evaluated using a homogeneous step phantom and step phantoms containing various internal inhomogeneities (air, cork, and bone). The accuracy of two planning algorithms used to design filters was experimentally evaluated. The superposition algorithm was found to produce better agreement with measurements than the Clarkson algorithm. Phantom measurements have demonstrated that compensating filters were able to produce a uniform dose distribution along the compensation plane in the presence of tissue inhomogeneity. However, the dose variation was greatly amplified in planes located beyond the inhomogeneity when a single compensated beam was used. The use of parallel-opposed compensated beams eliminated this problem. Both lateral and depth-dose uniformity was achieved throughout the target volume.
|
['Biophysics', 'Bone and Bones', 'Calcium Sulfate', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Polystyrenes', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiotherapy, High-Energy', 'Wood']
| 12,841,791
|
[['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['D01.146.375', 'D01.578.215', 'D01.875.800.800.850.125'], ['E07.671'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750.800.830', 'D05.750.716.579', 'D25.720.716.579', 'J01.637.051.720.716.579'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E02.815.722'], ['A18.450.500.500', 'J01.637.241.900']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Identification of sylvatic Trichinella (T3) in foxes from France.
|
Thirty-three foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from a sample of 1912 collected in France were found to be infected with Trichinella spp. Four isolates were obtained for genetic identification. Isoenzymatic and biological analysis of these isolates revealed the presence of two distinct genetic types of Trichinella, Trichinella spiralis s.str. (T1) and Trichinella sp. (T3) (Trichinella nelsoni according to Soviet authors) in the fox population. The reproductive capacity index of these isolates in Wistar rats was high for T. spiralis and low for T3. This is the first report of T3 type from wild animals in France. The epidemiological implications are discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Wild', 'Disease Reservoirs', 'Foxes', 'France', 'Mice', 'Rats', 'Trichinella', 'Trichinellosis']
| 1,763,479
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.300'], ['N06.850.520.203.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.250'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.100.275.780.608'], ['C01.610.335.508.100.275.882']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Recombinant Von Willebrand factor concentrate in 2A Von Willebrand disease: comparison to plasma-derived Von Willebrand factor concentrate therapy.
|
: Type 2A sub-type of Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is characterized by the loss of high molecular weight multimers. Several plasma-derived Von Willebrand factor concentrates (PD-VWFC) are available for treatment and recently a recombinant VWF concentrate (rVWFC) has been approved for use in VWD for adults in the United States. We describe a patient with Type 2A VWD who had persistent refractory epistaxis despite treatment with PD-VWFC. We describe differences in VWF multimeric composition and Factor VIII (FVIII) levels after plasma-derived and rVWF concentrates. Despite similar VWF levels, VWF multimeric composition after PD-VWFC remained abnormal while it corrected with rVWFC. Post-PD-VWFC, high levels of FVIII were seen, which were not observed after rVWFC. Recombinant VWFC may offer some advantages over PD-VWFC. This finding needs to be confirmed in larger studies.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Proteins', 'Epistaxis', 'Factor VIII', 'Humans', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'United States', 'von Willebrand Disease, Type 2', 'von Willebrand Factor']
| 31,090,598
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124'], ['C08.460.261', 'C09.603.261', 'C23.550.414.712', 'C23.888.852.040'], ['D12.776.124.125.350', 'D12.776.811.286', 'D23.119.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.694'], ['D12.776.828'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['C15.378.100.100.900.200', 'C15.378.100.141.900.200', 'C15.378.463.920.200', 'C16.320.099.920.200'], ['D12.776.124.125.920', 'D23.119.985']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Primary hyperparathyroidism associated with a giant cell tumor: One case in the distal radius.
|
Hyperparathyroidism can present itself as brown tumors (or osteolytic expansive lesions) that usually disappear after normalization of calcium and phosphate levels. It rarely occurs simultaneously with a giant cell tumor. The authors report one case of a localized form at the distal radius in a patient being followed for primary hyperparathyroidism. The diagnostic challenges related to the clinical and radiological similarities of these two pathological entities are discussed, as they can lead to delays in therapeutic management.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Giant Cell Tumor of Bone', 'Giant Cell Tumors', 'Humans', 'Hyperparathyroidism, Primary', 'Radius']
| 26,433,838
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.450.565.380.380', 'C04.557.450.565.575.420'], ['C04.557.450.565.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.642.355.239'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
First results on label-free detection of DNA and protein molecules using a novel integrated sensor technology based on gravimetric detection principles.
|
A novel integrated bio-sensor technology based on thin-film bulk acoustic wave resonators on silicon is presented and the feasibility of detecting DNA and protein molecules proofed. The detection principle of these sensors is label-free and relies on a resonance frequency shift caused by mass loading of an acoustic resonator, a principle very well known from quartz crystal micro balances. Integrated ZnO bulk acoustic wave resonators with resonance frequencies around 2 GHz have been fabricated, employing an acoustic mirror for isolation from the silicon substrate. DNA oligos have been thiol-coupled to the gold electrode by on-wafer dispensing. In a further step, samples have either been hybridised or alternatively a protein has been coupled to the receptor. The measurement results show the new bio-sensor being capable of both, detecting proteins as well as the DNA hybridisation without using a label. Due to the substantially higher oscillation frequency, these sensors already show much higher sensitivity and resolution comparable to quartz crystal micro balances. The potential for these sensors and sensors arrays as well as technological challenges will be discussed in detail.
|
['Biosensing Techniques', 'Coated Materials, Biocompatible', 'DNA', 'Electrochemistry', 'Electrodes', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Gravitation', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Pilot Projects', 'Protein Array Analysis', 'Proteins', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Staining and Labeling', 'Streptavidin', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Systems Integration']
| 14,683,645
|
[['E05.601.043'], ['D25.130.420', 'J01.637.051.130.420'], ['D13.444.308'], ['H01.181.529.307'], ['E07.305.250'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325.192'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['G01.060.350'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.588.570.700', 'E05.601.680'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670'], ['D12.776.097.835'], ['G01.374.835'], ['H01.770.787', 'L01.906.787']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The Yersinia enterocolitica phage shock proteins B and C can form homodimers and heterodimers in vivo with the possibility of close association between multiple domains.
|
The Yersinia enterocolitica phage shock protein (Psp) stress response is essential for virulence and for survival during the mislocalization of outer membrane secretin proteins. The cytoplasmic membrane proteins PspB and PspC are critical components involved in regulating psp gene expression and in facilitating tolerance to secretin-induced stress. Interactions between PspB and PspC monomers might be important for their functions and for PspC stability. However, little is known about these interactions and there are conflicting reports about the ability of PspC to dimerize. To address this, we have used a combination of independent approaches to systematically analyze the ability of PspB and PspC to form dimers in vivo. Formaldehyde cross-linking of the endogenous chromosomally encoded proteins in Y. enterocolitica revealed discrete complexes corresponding in size to PspB-PspB, PspC-PspC, and PspB-PspC. Bacterial two-hybrid analysis corroborated these protein associations, but an important limitation of the two-hybrid approach was uncovered for PspB. A series of PspB and PspC proteins with unique cysteine substitutions at various positions was constructed. In vivo disulfide cross-linking experiments with these proteins further supported close association between PspB and PspC monomers. Detailed cysteine substitution analysis of predicted leucine zipper-like amphipathic helices in both PspB and PspC suggested that their hydrophobic faces could form homodimerization interfaces.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Dimerization', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Transcription Factors', 'Yersinia enterocolitica']
| 21,856,846
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['G05.308.300'], ['D12.776.543'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.930'], ['B03.440.450.425.900.300', 'B03.660.250.150.950.160']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A case-management program of medium intensity does not improve cardiovascular risk factor control in coronary artery disease patients: the Heartcare I trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Case-management programs for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease that utilize extensive resources can reduce cardiovascular risk factors, but less intensive approaches have failed to show benefits. This randomized trial evaluated whether a medium intensity case-management program improves risk factor control in patients with coronary artery disease.METHODS: We assigned 201 consecutive patients hospitalized for acute coronary events in the intensive care unit of University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland, to either a risk factor case-management program (n = 99) or care as usual (n = 102) using the patients' primary care physicians as the unit of randomization (cluster randomization). The case-management program consisted of an hour of counseling by a clinician during hospitalization and two short reminders by phone and mail 3 and 6 months later. Treatment decisions were left to patients and their primary care physicians.RESULTS: After 9 and 18 months of follow-up, there were no significant differences in lipid values, blood pressure control, fasting blood glucose, body-mass index, or number of smokers between the two groups. However, significantly more patients in the intervention group than in the care as usual group achieved target cholesterol values after 18 months (48% versus 27%, P = 0.002 and remained significant after Bonferroni-Holms correction) but not after 9 months of follow-up (31% versus 27%, P >0.2).CONCLUSION: This hospital-based case-management and outreach program, limited to counseling by a clinician, did not substantially improve cardiovascular risk factor control among patients hospitalized for coronary events.
|
['Blood Pressure', 'Body Mass Index', 'Case Management', 'Cholesterol', 'Coronary Disease', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Life Style', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motivation', 'Risk Factors']
| 11,343,668
|
[['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['N04.590.233.624.250'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.458'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Can the pituitary secrete directly to the brain? (Affirmative anatomical evidence).
|
Vascular casts of 10 rhesus monkey pituitary glands and three vascular casts of the rhesus monkey cavernous sinus were examined by scanning electron microscopy. A continuous neurohypophyseal capillary bed was found uniting the infundibulum, infundibular stem, and infundibular process. The neurophypophysis was supplied by three groups of arteries: superior hypophyseal, middle hypophyseal, and inferior hypophyseal. Numerous anastomoses were found between individual arteries, and some hypophyseal arteries formed anastomotic links between different portions of the circle of Willis. Veins located at the caudal pole of the infundibular process, capillaries linking the infundibulum to the hypothalamus, and portal vessels extending from the infundibulum to the adenohypophysis provided efferent vascular pathways from the neurohypophysis. The adenohypophysis received no direct arterial supply; its entire afferent vascular supply was provided by portal vessels. Lateral hypophyseal veins were not found; small adenohypophyseal veins joined larger neurohypophyseal veins to form confluent pituitary veins which extended to the cavernous sinus. The capacity of the venous connections draining the adenohypophysis directly to the cavernous sinus appeared small when compared to that of of the long portal vessels supplying the adenohypophysis. However, many of the short portal vessels interposed between the adenohypophysis and the infundibular stem and process were well arranged to function as alternative efferent routes from the adenohypophysis. The limited potential for venous drainage directly to the cavernous sinus suggests that blood leaves the adenohypophysis by other routes; blood carried via long portal vessels from the infundibulum to the adenohypophysis may return to the neurohypophyseal capillary bed via short portal vessels. This anatomical study suggests that hypothalamic and adenohypophyseal secretions are conveyed to the capillary bed of the neurohypohysis. These secretions may leave the neurohypophysis via any of seven potential routes: one efferent route is directed to the adenohypophysis, another route is directed to the systemic circulation, but five of the potential efferent routes are directed toward the brain.
|
['Animals', 'Arteries', 'Capillaries', 'Circle of Willis', 'Dura Mater', 'Haplorhini', 'Hypothalamus', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Pituitary Gland, Anterior', 'Pituitary Gland, Posterior', 'Veins']
| 105,877
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['A07.015.114.228.351'], ['A08.186.566.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['A06.300.747.500', 'A06.688.357.750.500', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500.500', 'A08.713.357.750.500'], ['A06.300.747.875', 'A06.688.178.875', 'A06.688.357.750.875', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500.875', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500.875', 'A08.713.049.875', 'A08.713.357.750.875'], ['A07.015.908']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Report on 16 cases of small intestine ascariasis diagnosed by capsule endoscopy].
|
The clinical data and capsule endoscopy image of 16 adult patients with small intestine ascariasis were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively from June 2006 to June 2012 in West China Hospital. Among the 16 patients, 15 cases manifested as gastrointestinal bleeding, 15 cases showed anemia (3 severe, 10 moderate, and 2 mild), 2 had hypoalbuminemia, 1 had peripheral blood eosinophilia. All the cases were found to be fecal occult blood positive, but no Ascaris eggs found in the feces. Capsule endoscopy showed they were infected with Ascaris worms. The worms were found in the proximal small intestine in 14 patients and 2 in the distal intestine. Mucosal erythema and erosions around the worm were observed in 3 cases, and 7 cases were found with active bleeding or old haemorrhage in small intestine.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Animals', 'Ascariasis', 'Ascaris lumbricoides', 'Capsule Endoscopy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intestine, Small', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 24,812,868
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050'], ['C01.610.335.508.700.100.070'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.500.100.108.425'], ['E01.370.388.250.250.250.140'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Varieties of misdiagnosis in ASD: an illustrative case series.
|
The relationship between autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and psychotic disorders (PD) is a focus of continued interest. There are substantial conceptual and clinical difficulties associated with diagnosing comorbid PD in individuals who have ASD. In this case series, we report on five cases where adolescents with previously diagnosed ASD were also diagnosed as psychotic. In each case, we found that these patients' 'psychotic' symptoms could be better understood as a part of their underlying ASD diagnosis, with significant implications for treatment, prognosis, and access to services. This misdiagnosis likely represents a combination of adult psychiatrists being relatively inexperienced with this population, and the system of care requiring providers to apply diagnostic labels to justify inpatient hospitalization.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child Development Disorders, Pervasive', 'Diagnostic Errors', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'Young Adult']
| 25,218,849
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.625.164'], ['E01.354', 'N02.421.450.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.700.675'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Listening to native patients. Changes in physicians' understanding and behaviour.
|
OBJECTIVE: To discover how physicians develop an understanding of Native patients and communities that enables them to communicate better with these patients.DESIGN: Qualitative method of in-depth interviews.SETTING: Native communities across Canada.PARTICIPANTS: Ten non-Native physicians providing primary care to Native patients and communities.METHOD: In-depth, semistructured interviews explored communication strategies developed by primary care physicians working with Native patients. The audiotaped and transcribed interviews were analyzed by the investigators using the phenomenologic approach of immersion and crystallization.MAIN FINDINGS: Three main themes emerged. First was elements of communication: during patient-physician communication, physicians speak less, take more time with patients, and become comfortable with silence. Second was community context: patients' illnesses are not distinct from their community context; patient care and community relations, culture, and values are often inseparable. Third was the process of change in physicians: over time, participants increased understanding of Native culture, ways of communicating, and behaviour. Change comes about through long service, listening well, and participating in community events.CONCLUSION: Developing cross-cultural communication was difficult and took years, if not forever. Understanding Native communities changed physicians. They described a journey of self-examination, development of personal relationships, and rewards and frustrations.
|
['Adult', 'Canada', 'Communication Barriers', 'Cultural Characteristics', 'Humans', 'Indians, North American', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Physician-Patient Relations']
| 12,449,549
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['L01.143.230'], ['I01.076.201.450.324', 'I01.880.853.100.329'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.686.508.150.600'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Habituation and recovery of a slow negative wave of the event-related brain potential.
|
This study is concerned with the question of whether the late, slow negative wave 2 (SNW2) component of the event-related brain potential is a component of the orienting response (OR). As habituation of the SNW2 would be an argument for such a link with the OR, it was investigated using a variant of the classical repetition/change paradigm. Results supported major claims to be made for a component of the OR: the amplitude of the vertex SNW2 exhibited roughly the typical exponential decline with repeated stimulations (six numeric verbal stimuli presented seriatim in an ascending order) and responded incrementally to a change, at least in a narrow time slot, i.e. it exhibited partial recovery to an out-of-sequence stimulus. These findings were accompanied by similar effects on an exemplary OR component, the skin conductance response, and on such possible components of the OR as heart rate deceleration and the vertex P3 of the event-related brain potential. In so far as OR components should behave in comparable fashion in response to orienting stimuli, it is thus reasonable to suppose that the SNW2 relates to the OR.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brain', 'Electrocardiography', 'Electroencephalography', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Female', 'Galvanic Skin Response', 'Habituation, Psychophysiologic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Orientation']
| 11,850,088
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['E05.796.332', 'F02.830.702.315', 'F04.669.332', 'G07.265.563', 'G13.750.415'], ['F02.463.425.393', 'F02.830.422', 'G11.561.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.058.577', 'F02.830.606']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Genotyping and macrolide resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae identified in children with community-acquired pneumonia in Medell?n, Colombia.
|
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe the genotypes and the main characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in hospitalized children in Medell?n and neighboring municipalities during the period 2011-2012.METHODS: The M. pneumoniae genotype was determined by PCR and sequencing of the p1 and 23S rRNA genes from induced sputum samples and nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS). Samples were obtained from children with CAP who were hospitalized in 13 healthcare centers. In addition, a spatio-temporal analysis was performed to identify the potential risk areas and clustering of the cases over time.RESULTS: A variant of type 2 was the dominant genotype in the induced sputum (96.1%) and NPS (89.3%) samples; the type 1 variant was identified in 3.9% and 10.7% of these samples, respectively. No strains with mutations in the 23S rRNA gene associated with macrolide resistance were found. The cases in Medell?n were mainly concentrated in the northeastern areas and western districts. However, no temporal relationship was found among these cases.CONCLUSIONS: A variant of type 2 of M. pneumoniae prevailed among children with CAP during the study period. No strains with mutations associated with macrolide resistance were found.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Colombia', 'Community-Acquired Infections', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Macrolides', 'Male', 'Molecular Typing', 'Mutation', 'Mycoplasma pneumoniae', 'Pneumonia, Mycoplasma', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 23S', 'Spatio-Temporal Analysis']
| 29,155,089
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.107.757.284'], ['C01.234'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.540.505', 'D02.540.576.500', 'D04.345.674.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125.457', 'E05.200.875.150.125.457', 'E05.393.542'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B03.440.860.580.553.553.650'], ['C01.150.252.400.610.610.760', 'C01.150.252.620.500', 'C01.748.610.540.545', 'C08.381.677.540.500', 'C08.730.610.540.545'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D13.444.735.686.680'], ['E05.318.740.933.500', 'N05.715.360.750.746.500', 'N06.850.520.830.933.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Reliable Attention Network Scores and Mutually Inhibited Inter-network Relationships Revealed by Mixed Design and Non-orthogonal Method.
|
The attention system can be divided into alerting, orienting, and executive control networks. The efficiency and independence of attention networks have been widely tested with the attention network test (ANT) and its revised versions. However, many studies have failed to find effects of attention network scores (ANSs) and inter-network relationships (INRs). Moreover, the low reliability of ANSs can not meet the demands of theoretical and empirical investigations. Two methodological factors (the inter-trial influence in the event-related design and the inter-network interference in orthogonal contrast) may be responsible for the unreliability of ANT. In this study, we combined the mixed design and non-orthogonal method to explore ANSs and directional INRs. With a small number of trials, we obtained reliable and independent ANSs (split-half reliability of alerting: 0.684; orienting: 0.588; and executive control: 0.616), suggesting an individual and specific attention system. Furthermore, mutual inhibition was observed when two networks were operated simultaneously, indicating a differentiated but integrated attention system. Overall, the reliable and individual specific ANSs and mutually inhibited INRs provide novel insight into the understanding of the developmental, physiological and pathological mechanisms of attention networks, and can benefit future experimental and clinical investigations of attention using ANT.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Attention', 'Executive Function', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Orientation', 'Reaction Time', 'Young Adult']
| 25,997,025
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F02.463.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.058.577', 'F02.830.606'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pertussis in adults. A study in an Italian population with chronic cough.
|
OBJECTIVE: Pertussis is commonly regarded as a disease of children but a number of clinical studies show that quite often it occurs in older children and adults, too. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Bordetella pertussis infection in an Italian population of adults with persistent non-productive cough.METHODS: Pertussis was considered in the differential diagnosis of a prospective case series of 180 adult patients with unexplained non-productive chronic cough. To diagnose pertussis, nasopharyngeal swabs for culture were obtained and antibodies IgA and IgG against multiple B. pertussis whole body antigens were counted by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a single serum sample.RESULTS: The prevalence of pertussis with unexplained persistent cough was 10% of the cases. Significantly high amounts of specific IgA, that is at least 2 standard deviations greater than the geometric mean of the control group, were observed in 19 subjects. None of these patients had the typical symptoms of pertussis.CONCLUSIONS: Pertussis is quite a common cause of persistent cough in adults and should always be considered in differential diagnosis. Pertussis cases can easily be diagnosed by demonstrating IgA antibodies high titers in single serum samples, compared with those of population controls.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Bordetella Infections', 'Bordetella pertussis', 'Chronic Disease', 'Cough', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 12,814,036
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D23.050.161'], ['C01.150.252.400.143'], ['B03.440.400.425.115.425.600', 'B03.660.075.090.344.425.600'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['C08.618.248', 'C23.888.852.293'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Evaluation of a flow cytometric fluorescence quenching assay of phagocytosis of sensitized sheep erythrocytes by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
|
A number of reports have been published describing phagocytosis assays for flow cytometric analysis. In some of these, the fluorescence quenching technique has been used to discriminate between adherent and ingested particles. In this report, we have evaluated the efficacy of a quantitative fluorescence quenching technique with crystal violet and trypan blue for application in a phagocytosis assay with polymorphonuclear leukocytes and sensitized sheep red blood cells. We set the requirements to a high quenching efficiency of the fluorescence of extracellularly bound particles and no intracellular quenching. The latter was determined using polymorphonuclear leukocytes stained with the fluorescent nuclear dye hydroethidine. We observed that both trypan blue and crystal violet efficiently quench the fluorescence of PKH26 (a red fluorescent membrane-associated dye) erythrocytes but that only crystal violet quenches intracellular fluorescence. In testing trypan blue and crystal violet from different manufacturers, there was no real difference between different brands of crystal violet, but only the trypan blue from Merck turned out to be an efficient quencher, whereas the other brands of trypan blue showed low quenching efficiency. Trypan blue at a concentration of 25-50 micrograms/ml proved to be a good quencher of the fluorescent erythrocytes and exerted minimal side effects: over 90% quenching of the erythrocytes, no intracellular quenching, moderate increase in autofluorescence of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and no cell loss.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Erythrocytes', 'Fibroblasts', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Gentian Violet', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Neutrophils', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Phagocytosis', 'Sheep', 'Trypan Blue']
| 7,875,036
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['A11.329.228'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D02.092.146.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D02'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['D02.172.975', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.555.875', 'D02.886.645.600.080.050.650.875', 'D04.615.638.555.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Activation of fibrinolysis in the pericardial cavity during cardiopulmonary bypass.
|
The clotting and fibrinolytic systems are activated by tissue factor and by tissue-type plasminogen activator in the pericardial cavity, where the thrombogenicity is greater than that of the surface of modern extracorporeal circuits. This local activation may have consequences for the systemic activation processes during cardiopulmonary bypass. To test this hypothesis, we investigated blood activation by interrupting the blood suction from the pericardial cavity during cardiopulmonary bypass in clinical coronary artery bypass operations. In blood collected in the pericardial cavity, thrombin-antithrombin III complex (p < 0.01), tissue-type plasminogen activator antigen (p < 0.05), fibrinogen degradation products (p < 0.01), and fibrin degradation products (p < 0.01) were significantly higher than in the systemic blood. Plasma heparin was significantly consumed in the pericardial cavity (p < 0.01). Once the pericardial blood was returned to the systemic circulation after resumed suction during cardiopulmonary bypass, thrombin-antithrombin III complex (p < 0.05), fibrinogen degradation products (p < 0.05), and fibrin degradation product (p < 0.05) concentrations increased significantly in the systemic blood. The effects of pericardial tissue on activation of clotting and fibrinolysis were also studied in vitro. When human plasma was incubated for 5 minutes with rabbit pericardium at reduced heparin concentrations, we found significant generation of thrombin (p < 0.05) and plasmin (p < 0.05). If the thrombin inhibitor hirudin was added, plasmin generation was also inhibited (p < 0.05). The results of the clinical and experimental study are in agreement with our hypothesis that tissue factor and tissue-type plasminogen activator accelerate the activation of clotting and sequentially of fibrinolysis under conditions of low heparin concentrations in the pericardial cavity and that this local activation contributes highly to the systemic activation, affecting hemostasis during cardiopulmonary bypass. Topical use of heparin in the pericardial cavity therefore seems indicated to reduce blood activation during cardiopulmonary bypass.
|
['Blood Coagulation Factors', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Fibrinolysis', 'Heparin', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Pericardium', 'Platelet Activation']
| 8,231,204
|
[['D12.776.124.125', 'D23.119'], ['E04.292.413'], ['G09.188.390.150.390'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.541.795', 'A10.615.789.470'], ['G09.188.390.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Novel visual system homeobox 1 gene mutations in Turkish patients with keratoconus.
|
The aim of this study was to screen the visual system homeobox 1 (VSX1) gene in Turkish patients with keratoconus (KC). The patient group consisted of 44 patients who had undergone corneal transplant surgery before the age of 30, for advanced and rapidly progressive KC. The control group comprised 250 healthy individuals. We detected two missense mutations, D144N and D295Y, in exon 2 and exon 5 of the VSX1 gene, respectively, using next-generation sequencing analysis. The pathologic effects of the D144N and D295Y missense mutations on protein function were determined with bioinformatic analysis tools, SIFT, PolyPhen, and MutationTaster. Aspartic acid at the 144th position was more preserved among species than aspartic acid at the 295th position of the VSX1 protein. In the control group, five different genetic variations were detected, two of which (rs8123716 and rs12480307) were synonymous with variations in the patient group. Our results suggested that the D144N and D295Y mutations might have a role in the pathogenesis of KC disease.
|
['Adult', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Computational Biology', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Eye Proteins', 'Female', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Humans', 'Keratoconus', 'Male', 'Mutation', 'Turkey', 'Young Adult']
| 27,819,732
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['D12.776.306'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C11.204.627'], ['G05.365.590'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Nomifensine vs. imipramine in depressed inpatients.
|
In a double-blind random assignment study, nomifensine was compared to imipramine in a population of depressed male inpatients (N = 36; ages 22-56 years). Nomifensine and imipramine in doses of 100-150 mg/day were found to be comparable over the 4-week treatment period on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Clinical Global Impressions. The Self-Rating Symptom Scale showed differences favoring nomifensine for the Depression factor at Days 3, 7, and 10. In extensive laboratory analyses, no clinically important changes were seen within or between groups. Although differences were not significant, more discomforting side effects--specifically, anticholinergic, nervousness/restlessness, and sedation--were seen in the imipramine than the nomifensine group. These results indicate that nomifensine compares favorably with imipramine in the treatment of depressed inpatients.
|
['Adult', 'Akathisia, Drug-Induced', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Headache', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Imipramine', 'Isoquinolines', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nomifensine', 'Personality Inventory', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Random Allocation', 'Sleep', 'Xerostomia']
| 6,370,978
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.228.662.037', 'C10.720.075', 'C23.888.592.350.600.500', 'C25.100.249', 'C25.723.705.100'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.300.240.485'], ['D03.633.100.531'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.633.100.531.535'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C07.465.815.929']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Antiviral Activity of Aspalathus linearis against Human Influenza Virus.
|
Influenza A viruses are responsible for annual epidemics and occasional pandemics, which cause significant morbidity and mortality. The limited protection offered by influenza vaccination, and the emergence of drug-resistant influenza strains, highlight the urgent need for the development of novel anti-influenza drugs. However, the search for antiviral substances from the library of low molecular weight chemical compounds is limited. Thus, because of their natural diversity and accessibility, plants or plant-derived materials are rapidly becoming valuable sources for the discovery and development of new antiviral drugs. In this study, crude extracts of Aspalathus linearis, a plant reported to have anti-HIV activity, were evaluated in vitro for their activity against the influenza A virus Of the extracts tested, an alkaline extract of Aspalathus linearis demonstrated the strongest inhibition against influenza A virus and could also inhibit different.types of influenza viruses, including Oseltamivir-resistant influenza viruses A and B. Our time course of addition studies indicated that the alkaline extract of Aspalathus linearis exerts its antiviral effect predominantly during the late stages of the influenza virus replication process.
|
['Antiviral Agents', 'Aspalathus', 'Humans', 'Influenza, Human', 'Orthomyxoviridae', 'Plant Extracts', 'Virus Replication']
| 30,520,604
|
[['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.082'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['B04.820.480.968'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Childhood adrenoleukodystrophy. Failure of intensive immunosuppression to arrest neurologic progression.
|
Cyclophosphamide in a dosage of 350 to 700 mg/m2/d was administered for five to 11 days to four patients with childhood adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) and to one patient with the adult cerebral form of the disease. The rate of neurologic progression in the four patients with childhood ALD did not differ from that of 167 untreated patients with childhood ALD surveyed previously.
|
['Adrenoleukodystrophy', 'Adult', 'Brain', 'Child', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Coma', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Male', 'Nervous System Diseases', 'Radiography', 'Time Factors']
| 3,293,554
|
[['C10.228.140.163.100.084', 'C10.228.140.163.100.362.250', 'C10.228.140.695.625.250', 'C10.314.400.250', 'C10.597.606.360.455.124', 'C16.320.322.500.124', 'C16.320.400.525.124', 'C16.320.565.189.084', 'C16.320.565.189.362.250', 'C16.320.565.663.100', 'C18.452.132.100.084', 'C18.452.132.100.362.250', 'C18.452.648.189.084', 'C18.452.648.189.362.250', 'C18.452.648.663.100', 'C19.053.500.270'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['C10.597.606.358.800.200', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.200'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['C10.114.375.112', 'C10.228.140.400', 'C10.228.140.695.562.112', 'C10.314.350.112', 'C20.111.258.250.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['C10'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Impact of netilmicin regimens on the activities of ceftazidime-netilmicin combinations against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model.
|
The antibacterial activities of ceftazidime and netilmicin were studied in a two-compartment in vitro model. Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures were exposed to changing drug concentrations that mimic human pharmacokinetics. Netilmicin alone reduced the numbers of organisms in cultures of the susceptible strains by more than 99% within 4 h; however, regrowth occurred after 8 h. Although ceftazidime alone killed more slowly than netilmicin, only one of the five strains regrew within 28 h. When both drugs were combined, rapid initial killing occurred without subsequent regrowth. Studied after 24 h in combination with ceftazidime, netilmicin was as effective when given as a single daily dose as when administered in three daily doses that provided 50% more aminoglycoside per day. Decreased bacterial susceptibility was seen after ceftazidime exposure for one strain and after netilmicin exposure for all originally netilmicin-susceptible strains. No such reduction in susceptibility was observed during exposure to the combination. The results of standard in vitro checkerboard tests for synergism were predictive of the initial (4 to 8 h) but not the final (24 to 28 h) assessment of drug interaction in the pharmacokinetic model.
|
['Ceftazidime', 'Drug Combinations', 'Drug Synergism', 'Gentamicins', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Models, Biological', 'Netilmicin', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Time Factors']
| 3,929,682
|
[['D02.065.589.099.249.210.150', 'D02.886.665.074.210.150', 'D03.633.100.300.249.210.150'], ['D26.310'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['D09.408.051.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D09.408.051.374.785.525'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.