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Influence of food on frequency-dependent sexual activity of Drosophila melanogaster.
|
When two types of Drosophila are in competition, the frequency dependence of mating successes frequently is measured by direct observation of copulating pairs in "Elens-Wattiaux" observation chambers, the relative frequency of both types being varied. The present experiments, concerning white-ebony mutants in competition with wild-type Canton-S flies, show that the presence of food in the mating chamber influences the sexual activity of flies, this influence differing in the two types when food is present. Thus, in order to have a realistic estimation of frequency dependence, it would seem prudent to conduct these experiments with food in the chamber. Three methods are used to analyze observation data: K coefficients of Petit and Ehrman, regression equations of Ayala and Campbell, and regression equations of Wattiaux and Lichtenberger. These three methods are compared and discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Copulation', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Male', 'Mutation', 'Phenotype']
| 2,508,615
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113.252.748.200'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['G05.380'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.695']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 0
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The moderately halophilic bacterium Halomonas maura is a free-living diazotroph.
|
Halomonas maura is a moderately halophilic bacterium which lives in saline soils and synthesises an exopolysaccharide known as mauran. Strain S-31T grew in a nitrogen-free medium under an N2 atmosphere; the acetylene reduction assay proved positive under specific conditions. We identified the nifH gene in this strain by using degenerate oligonucleotides designed from highly preserved gene sequences obtained from the alignment of a large number of nifH sequences from different microorganisms. Our results lead us to conclude that H. maura is capable of fixing nitrogen under microaerobic conditions.
|
['Base Sequence', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Halomonas', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nitrogen Fixation', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Phylogeny', 'Soil Microbiology']
| 15,727,823
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['B03.440.400.425.377.500', 'B03.660.250.350.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.071.630', 'G02.111.587.750', 'G02.607.560.750', 'G03.087.630', 'G06.625', 'G16.500.768.600'], ['D08.811.682'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 1
| 1
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| 0
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| 1
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Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy differentially affects smaller axons in the optic nerve.
|
PURPOSE: Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), though known to be due to 1 of 3 pathogenic mtDNA point mutations (nucleotide positions 11,778, 3460, and 14,484), usually manifests itself acutely in young adulthood with a stereotypical presentation of dyschromatopsia, loss of central vision, and loss of the papillomacular bundle nerve fiber layer. Histopathologic investigations have demonstrated devastating losses of axons with relative sparing of the most peripherally placed fibers in the optic nerves. This study was designed to morphometrically investigate the nerve fiber spectrum from ultrastructural studies of optic nerves obtained from 2 patients with LHON.METHODS: Two cases of LHON were molecularly characterized and the optic nerves from these cases studied by light microscopy and electron microscopy. Montages were made of electron micrographs cut orthogonal to fibers obtained from the periphery of each optic nerve, and these were then used for the measurement of each axon (short and long axis) and its myelin sheath. From this, a spectrum of nerve fiber layer was generated, yielding axon caliber profiles that could be compared between optic nerves.RESULTS: The total depletion of optic nerve fiber population in the 2 cases of LHON varied from 95% to 99%. Those fibers that were spared were limited to the peripheral optic nerve. The nerve fiber layer spectra of these remaining fibers showed a marked diminution of the first peak of axons of less than 1 micron in diameter, with relative emphasis of a second peak of axons of about 2 microns in diameter. In comparison to normal controls, this reflected a preferential loss of the smallest axons corresponding to the P-cell population.CONCLUSIONS: The clinical features of dyschromatopsia and central scotoma (with preservation of pupils) in LHON suggests the selective loss of the P-cell population known to subserve these (and not pupil) functions. This also correlates well with the fundus findings of early losses of the papillomacular bundle. The present study extends these findings to demonstrate a relative preservation of the M-cells in the optic nerve as reflected by the nerve fiber spectral profile. This selective loss of smaller fibers and their corresponding smaller retinal ganglion cells may, in addition to explaining the clinical features in LHON, provide valuable insights as to the exact pathophysiologic mechanisms by which mitochondrial impairment may induce apoptosis in vulnerable neurons.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Axons', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Optic Atrophies, Hereditary', 'Optic Nerve', 'Retinal Ganglion Cells']
| 11,190,025
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['C10.292.700.225.500', 'C10.574.500.662', 'C11.270.564', 'C11.640.451.451', 'C16.320.290.564', 'C16.320.400.630'], ['A08.800.800.120.680'], ['A08.675.650.850.875', 'A09.371.729.831.875', 'A11.671.650.850.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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Simultaneous determination of three Curcuminoids in Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.chen et C.Ling. by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry combined with pressurized liquid extraction.
|
A sensitive and efficient method based on pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed for simultaneous identification and quantification of three Curcuminoids in Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.chen et C.Ling., a well known traditional Chinese medicinal herb. PLE was performed using methanol as the extractant, and with the temperature set at 100 °C and the pressure at 1500 psi. Shorter extraction time and less solvent consumption were obtained compared to other extraction methods. LC was performed by using a Waters XBridge C18 column (150 mm ? 2.1 mm i.d., 3.5 ìm) and a mobile phase of acetonitrile containing 0.1% acetic acid. The operating parameters were thoroughly optimized. The recoveries ranged from 92.4% to 104.1% and relative standard deviations were lower than 3.6%. The method was applied to the determination of Curcumin, Demethoxycurcumin and Bisdemethoxycurcumin contained in Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.chen et C.Ling. samples, which provided a new analytical approach for analysis and quality assessment of traditional Chinese medicines.
|
['Chromatography, Liquid', 'Curcuma', 'Curcumin', 'Diarylheptanoids', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Liquid-Liquid Extraction', 'Solvents', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Time Factors']
| 23,648,558
|
[['E05.196.181.400'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.937.900.166'], ['D02.455.326.146.485.222.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.200', 'D02.455.426.559.694.222'], ['D02.455.326.146.485.222', 'D02.455.426.559.694'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['E05.196.155.650'], ['D27.720.844'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 1
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Monosynaptic striatal inputs to the nigrotegmental neurons: an electron microscopic study in the cat.
|
The cat substantia nigra (SN) pars reticulata (SNR) has been observed electron microscopically after ibotenic acid injections into the caudate nucleus (Cd) and horseradish peroxidase injections into the nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus pars compacta (TPC). As a result, degenerating striatal terminals were found to make symmetric synaptic contacts on retrogradely labeled SNR neurons. The present findings, together with our previous study on the tegmentonigrostriatal projection (Tokuno et al., Neurosci. Lett. 85 (1988) 1-4), confirm that the Cd has indirect reciprocal connections with the TPC via the SN.
|
['Animals', 'Cats', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Horseradish Peroxidase', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Substantia Nigra', 'Synapses', 'Tegmentum Mesencephali']
| 2,720,400
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['D08.811.682.732.512'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.656'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of protein microarrays to define the humoral immune response in leprosy patients and identification of disease-state-specific antigenic profiles.
|
Although the global prevalence of leprosy has decreased over the last few decades due to an effective multidrug regimen, large numbers of new cases are still being reported, raising questions as to the ability to identify patients likely to spread disease and the effects of chemotherapy on the overall incidence of leprosy. This can partially be attributed to the lack of diagnostic markers for different clinical states of the disease and the consequent implementation of differential, optimal drug therapeutic strategies. Accordingly, comparative bioinformatics and Mycobacterium leprae protein microarrays were applied to investigate whether leprosy patients with different clinical forms of the disease can be categorized based on differential humoral immune response patterns. Evaluation of sera from 20 clinically diagnosed leprosy patients using native protein and recombinant protein microarrays revealed unique disease-specific, humoral reactivity patterns. Statistical analysis of the serological patterns yielded distinct groups that correlated with phenolic glycolipid I reactivity and clinical diagnosis, thus demonstrating that leprosy patients, including those diagnosed with the paucibacillary, tuberculoid form of disease, can be classified based on humoral reactivity to a subset of M. leprae protein antigens produced in recombinant form.
|
['Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Glycolipids', 'Humans', 'Leprosy', 'Leprosy, Lepromatous', 'Leprosy, Tuberculoid', 'Protein Array Analysis', 'Serologic Tests']
| 16,966,411
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D09.400.410', 'D10.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371.775.500'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371.850.500'], ['E05.588.570.700', 'E05.601.680'], ['E01.370.225.812.735', 'E05.200.812.735', 'E05.478.594.760']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Assessment and correlates of self-esteem following stroke using a pictorial measure.
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of a non-verbal measure of self-esteem in a sample of individuals in the acute phase following stroke.DESIGN: Acute-phase stroke survivors (n=156) were administered measures of self-esteem, depression, anxiety, general emotional distress and cognitive functioning during admission to an inpatient stroke rehabilitation unit.MAIN MEASURES: Visual Analogue Self-Esteem Scale (VASES), Geriatric Depression Scale, Adult Manifest Anxiety Scale, Visual Analog Mood Scales, measures of neuropsychological functioning.RESULTS: VASES performance was not related to demographic variables, cognitive functioning, visual acuity, prior stroke or severe visuoperceptual impairment/left visual neglect. The VASES was most related to emotional functioning, with lower self-esteem ratings associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms and general emotional distress. Individuals with right hemisphere stroke tended to endorse lower self-esteem ratings, while aphasic individuals may have misunderstood the intent of the task.CONCLUSIONS: The non-verbal VASES appears to be minimally impacted by potentially invalidating patient factors (e.g. visual acuity, left visual neglect), although its use with patients with severe communication deficits is cautioned. The VASES may prove useful in identifying acute stroke survivors most at risk for emotional dysfunction, and may be useful as a research tool in this population.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychological Tests', 'Self Concept', 'Stroke']
| 17,148,519
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Proton pump inhibitor therapy use does not predispose to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.
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OBJECTIVES: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) occurs due to alteration of the microbiota within the upper gastrointestinal tract. Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy has been suggested as a risk factor for SIBO; however, the published reports have yielded conflicting results on the association between PPI therapy and risk of developing SIBO. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of SIBO as measured by glucose hydrogen breath testing (GHBT) in patients on PPI therapy compared with those not on PPI therapy.METHODS: A retrospective chart review was completed for all patients who underwent GHBT testing from 2004 to 2010. Breath samples for hydrogen (H₂) and methane (CH₄) were collected before and every 20 min for 120 min following ingestion of a 50-g oral glucose load. We used the following criteria to define a positive GHBT (a) increase in H₂ > 20 parts per million (p.p.m.) over baseline, (b) sustained rise H₂ > 10 p.p.m. over baseline, (c) CH₄ > 15 p.p.m. over baseline, and (d) either rise H₂ > 20 p.p.m. over baseline or CH₄ > 15 p.p.m.RESULTS: A total of 1,191 patients (70% female) were included, of whom 566 (48%) were on PPI therapy. GHBT positivity did not differ significantly between PPI users and nonusers by any of the diagnostic criteria used and PPI use was not significantly associated with GHBT positivity using any of these criteria. GHBT positivity was associated with older age (odds ratio (OR) 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.04) and antidiarrheal use (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.15-3.44) using H₂ > 20, older age (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02) and diarrhea (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.13-2.09) using H₂ > 10, and older age (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02) using either H₂ > 20 or CH₄ > 15. PPI use was not significantly associated with GHBT positivity using any of these criteria.CONCLUSIONS: In this large, adequately powered equivalence study, PPI use was not found to be significantly associated with the presence of SIBO as determined by the GHBT.
|
['Blind Loop Syndrome', 'Breath Tests', 'Female', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen', 'Intestine, Small', 'Male', 'Methane', 'Middle Aged', 'Proton Pump Inhibitors']
| 22,334,250
|
[['C06.405.469.637.145', 'C18.452.603.145'], ['E01.370.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.406', 'D01.362.340'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['D02.455.326.146.571'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.519.389.848']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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| 0
|
[Duration of enhancement and scan timing in three-dimensional contrast-enhanced MR angiography using the elliptical centric phase-encoding technique].
|
In the present study, we quantitatively investigated the relationship between the signal intensity in a vessel and the duration of contrast enhancement as well as scan timing in 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography using an elliptical centric phase-encoding technique. A tube phantom filled with Gd-DTPA, acting as a vessel, was taken out from the field of view during data acquisition, by using the "pause" function of our MR scanner (GE Signa, 1.5 Tesla), thereby simulating the presence and absence of a vessel. The shortening of the duration of enhancement corresponds to the delay of scan timing from the optimal point in the phase-encoding of the centric-ordering system. The signal intensity in a vessel (1-5 mm in diameter) decreased as the duration of enhancement became shorter and the diameter of the vessel decreased. When the number of partitions was 16 or 32 in a 128-mm-thick slab, the signal intensity obtained by the elliptical centric phase-encoding technique was almost the same as that obtained by the conventional centric phase-encoding technique. However, when the number of partitions was increased (64-124), and if the duration of enhancement was short, the signal intensity obtained by the elliptical centric phase-encoding technique was higher than that obtained by the conventional centric phase-encoding technique. In conclusion, in terms of the duration of enhancement and the delay of scan timing, the elliptical centric phase-encoding technique is superior to the conventional centric phase-encoding technique when the number of partitions in a slab for 3D MR angiography is increased.
|
['Contrast Media', 'Image Enhancement', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Magnetic Resonance Angiography', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Time Factors']
| 15,001,871
|
[['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.500', 'E01.370.370.050.500'], ['E07.671'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Distribution and latency of muscle responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation of motor cortex after spinal cord injury in humans.
|
Noninvasive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex was used to evoke electromyographic (EMG) responses in persons with spinal cord injury (n = 97) and able-bodied subjects (n = 20, for comparative data). Our goal was to evaluate, for different levels and severity of spinal cord injury, potential differences in the distribution and latency of motor responses in a large sample of muscles affected by the injury. The spinal cord injury (SCI) population was divided into subgroups based upon injury location (cervical, thoracic, and thoracolumbar) and clinical status (motor-complete versus motor-incomplete). Cortical stimuli were delivered while subjects attempted to contract individual muscles, in order to both maximize the probability of a response to TMS and minimize the response latency. Subjects with motor-incomplete injuries to the cervical or thoracic spinal cord were more likely to demonstrate volitional and TMS-evoked contractions in muscles controlling their foot and ankle (i.e., distal lower limb muscles) compared to muscles of the thigh (i.e., proximal lower limb muscles). When TMS did evoke responses in muscles innervated at levels caudal to the spinal cord lesion, response latencies of muscles in the lower limbs were delayed equally for persons with injury to the cervical or thoracic spinal cord, suggesting normal central motor conduction velocity in motor axons caudal to the lesion. In fact, motor response distribution and latencies were essentially indistinguishable for injuries to the cervical or thoracic (at or rostral to T10) levels of the spine. In contrast, motor-incomplete SCI subjects with injuries at the thoracolumbar level showed a higher probability of preserved volitional movements and TMS-evoked contractions in proximal muscles of the lower limb, and absent responses in distal muscles. When responses to TMS were seen in this group, the latencies were not significantly longer than those of able-bodied (AB) subjects, strongly suggestive of "root sparing" as a basis for motor function in subjects with injury at or caudal to the T11 vertebral body. Both the distribution and latency of TMS-evoked responses are consistent with highly focal lesions to the spinal cord in the subjects examined. The pattern of preserved responsiveness predominating in the distal leg muscles is consistent with a greater role of corticospinal tract innervation of these muscles compared to more proximal muscles of the thigh and hip.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electromyography', 'Evoked Potentials, Motor', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Cortex', 'Motor Neurons', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Neural Conduction', 'Reaction Time', 'Sensory Thresholds', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation']
| 9,989,466
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['G07.265.216.500.385', 'G11.561.200.500.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.548', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.624'], ['A08.675.655.500', 'A11.671.655.500'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G07.265.753', 'G11.561.601'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['F02.463.593.710'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['E02.621.820']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 0
|
8-Alkylamino-substituted analogs of N6-cyclopentyladenosine are partial agonists for the cardiovascular adenosine A1 receptors in vivo.
|
Partial adenosine A1 receptor agonists with reduced intrinsic activity at the cardiovascular system would be promising for therapeutic application (e.g., as antilipolytic agents). In the present study a series of 8-alkylamino [methyl (M)-, ethyl (E)-, propyl (P)-, butyl (B)- and cyclopentyl (CP)-] derivatives of N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) were investigated in conscious normotensive rats. After intravenous administration of the compounds to rats, heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure were monitored continuously, and serial arterial blood samples were drawn for determination of the pharmacokinetics. The concentration-heart rate relationships of the compounds were described on the basis of an integrated pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model. The blood concentration-time profiles of the compounds could be described best by a biexponential function. The derivatives of CPA had uniform pharmacokinetic properties. The larger volume of distribution at steady state of the 8-substituted analogs resulted in terminal half-lives (ranging from 17 to 24 min) which were significantly longer than for CPA (7 min). All derivatives of CPA produced less pronounced reductions in HR and MAP than CPA. The relationship between concentration and the reduction in HR was adequately described by the sigmoidal Emax model in individual rats given 8MCPA, 8ECPA and 8PCPA. 8BCPA and 8CPCPA were nearly inactive on heart rate. The in vivo EC50,u values for the reduction in HR (366 nM, 210 nM, 170 nM and 175 nM for 8MCPA, 8ECPA, 8PCPA and 8BCPA, respectively) were in the same order of magnitude as the affinities in receptor binding studies. The order of magnitude of the intrinsic activities (Emax) was CPA > 8MCPA > 8ECPA = 8PCPA > 8BCPA > 8CPCPA, which indicated partial agonism of the compounds in vivo. The in vivo parameter Emax correlated highly (r = 0.97) to the GTP shift observed in radioligand binding experiments.
|
['Adenosine', 'Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Guanosine Triphosphate', 'Heart Rate', 'Male', 'Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 9,353,401
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.504', 'D13.695.667.454.504', 'D13.695.827.426.504'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['D27.505.519.625.725.200.100', 'D27.505.696.577.725.200.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
MR elastography of the breast:preliminary clinical results.
|
PURPOSE: Imaging of breast tumors and various breast tissues using magnetic resonance (MR) elastography (MRE) to explore the potential of elasticity as a new parameter for the diagnosis of breast lesions.METHODS: Low-frequency mechanical waves are transmitted into breast tissue by means of an oscillator. The local characteristics of the mechanical wave are determined by the underlying elastic properties of the tissue. Theses waves can be displayed by means of a motion-sensitive spin-echo MR sequence within the phase of the MR image. Elasticity reconstruction is performed on the basis of 8 "snapshots" of each wave within the three spatial directions. We performed in-vivo measurements in 15 female patients with malignant tumors of the breast, 5 patients with benign breast tumors, and 15 healthy volunteers.RESULTS: Malignant invasive breast tumors documented the highest values of elasticity with a median of 15.9 kPa and a wide range of stiffnesses between 8 and 28 kPa. In contrast, benign breast lesions represented low values of elasticity, which were significantly different from malignant breast tumors (median elasticity: 7.0 kPa; p = 0.0012). This was comparable to the stiffest tissue areas in healthy volunteers (median elasticity 7.0 kPa), whereas breast parenchyma (median: 2.5 kPa) and fatty breast tissue (median: 1.7 kPa) showed the lowest values of elasticity. Two invasive ductal carcinomas had elasticity values of 8 kPa and two stiff parenchyma areas in healthy volunteers had elasticities of 13 and 15 kPa. These lesions could not be differentiated by their elasticity.CONCLUSION: We conclude that MRE is a promising new imaging modality with the capability to assess the viscoelastic properties of breast tumors and the surrounding tissues. However, from our preliminary results in a small number of patients it is obvious that there is an overlap in the elasticity ranges of soft malignant tumors and stiff benign lesions.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Breast', 'Breast Diseases', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast', 'Carcinoma, Lobular', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Elasticity', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Middle Aged', 'Reference Values', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 12,101,471
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A01.236'], ['C17.800.090'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.500', 'C04.557.470.615.132.500', 'C04.588.180.390', 'C17.800.090.500.390'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.305', 'C04.557.470.615.305', 'C04.588.180.437', 'C17.800.090.500.437'], ['E01.171'], ['G01.374.590'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Optical coherence tomography and focal macular electroretinogram in eyes with epiretinal membrane and macular pseudohole.
|
PURPOSE: To determine the morphology of macular pseudoholes (MPHs) and the relationship of morphology to macular function.DESIGN: Observational case series.METHODS: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed on 42 eyes of 42 consecutive patients with an epiretinal membrane (ERM) and an MPH. The diameters of the MPH, and the thickness of the foveal and parafoveal retina were measured. Of these 42 eyes, focal macular electroretinograms (FMERGs) were recorded from 22 eyes of 22 patients with a 15 degree stimulus; FMERGs were also recorded with a 5 degree stimulus from 9 eyes of these 22 eyes.RESULTS: In 42 eyes, the mean +/- Standard deviation (SD) diameter (437.7 +/- 172.8 microm) and geometrical shape of the MPHs were not significantly correlated with the visual acuity. The MPHs were divided into 2 types from the OCT images at the base of MPHs; group A had normal thickness (100-199 microm; n = 29), and group B (n = 13) had thicknesses of >or= 200 microm, or thickness < 100 microm, or irregular base. The visual acuity in group A (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [log MAR] mean +/- SD:.083 +/-.144) was significantly better than group B (log MAR,.407 +/-.212, P <.0001). There was a significant reduction in the amplitude of all components of FMERGs elicited by the 15 degree stimulus in the affected eyes (mean +/- SE, A-wave: 1.26 +/-.12 microv, B-wave: 3.07 +/-.27 microv, oscillatory potentials: 1.23 +/-.25 microv) compared with the normal fellow eyes (A-wave: 1.58 +/-.13 microv, B-wave: 4.14 +/-.27 microv, oscillatory potentials: 2.35 +/-.29 microv). A significant correlation was found between the relative amplitudes of the B-wave elicited by the 5 degree stimulus and the visual acuity (r =.918, P =.0005).CONCLUSIONS: In eyes with an ERM and an MPH, the visual acuity is generally correlated with the OCT images. Macular function of eyes with an MPH resembles eyes with an ERM without an MPH. The effect of the ERM appears to be different on the base and parafovea of the MPHs.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Electroretinography', 'Epiretinal Membrane', 'Female', 'Fovea Centralis', 'Humans', 'Interferometry', 'Macula Lutea', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retinal Perforations', 'Tomography', 'Visual Acuity']
| 12,834,671
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.380.225', 'E01.370.405.270'], ['C11.768.328'], ['A09.371.729.522.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.490'], ['A09.371.729.522'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C11.768.740'], ['E01.370.350.825'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Isolation of the mouse mammary tumor virus sequences not transmitted as germinal provirus in the C3H and RIII mouse strains.
|
Radioactive 60-70S RNA from the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) produced by the C3H mouse mammary tumor cell line (Mm5mt) hybridized to a greater extent, and at a lower Cot1/2 value, to the DNA of C3H mammary tumor cells than to the DNA of C3H liver cells. The 125I-labeled MMTV (C3H) 60-40S RNA was annealed to a vast excess of DNA from C3H livers, and single-stranded RNA was eluted from hydroxylapatite and recovered. This "recycled RNA" did not hybridize to the DNA of the apparently normal organs tested from normal or from mammary tumor-bearing C3H mice, but hybridized extensively to both the DNA from the C3H mammary tumor cell line and the DNA from spontaneous C3H mammary tumors. This hybridization could be competed out by the addition of unlabeled MMTV 60-70S RNA but was unaffected by the addition of unlabeled 60-70S RNA of C3H type C virus. Similar experiments were conducted with the RIII mouse strain. We therefore report on the isolation of the sequences of the RNA genomes of the MMTVs from C3H and RIII mice that are transmitted by some mechanism other than via the germ line. These studies further define the differences, via molecular hybridization, between the MMTV-S and the MMTV-L in both C3H and RIII mice.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'DNA', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Liver', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C3H', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization']
| 191,657
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['A03.620'], ['C04.588.531.500', 'C04.619.590', 'E05.598.500.496.843'], ['B04.613.807.124.500', 'B04.820.650.124.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.388', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.388'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gunshot Injuries to the Extremity: Is Immediate General Surgery Presence Needed?
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Gunshot wounds (GSW) are becoming increasingly prevalent in urban settings. GSW to the trunk mandate full trauma activation and immediate surgeon response because of the high likelihood of operative intervention. Extremity GSW proximal to the knee/elbow also require full trauma activation based on American College of Surgeons Committee on trauma standards. However, whether isolated extremity GSW require frequent operative intervention is unclear. We evaluated GSW at our Level I trauma center from January 2012 to December 2016. Demographic data and injury patterns were abstracted from the trauma registry and charts. The number of GSW increased yearly but the age, gender, Injury Severity Score and injury pattern did not change (P = ns, not shown). There were 504 GSW that included an extremity and 194 (38%) involved multiple body regions. There were 310 GSW (62%) isolated to an extremity and 176 were proximal to the elbow/knee. If proximal GSW had an Emergency Department systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg, 53 per cent underwent vascular repair, 12 per cent had soft tissue repair, and 29 per cent required no operation. If proximal GSW had an Emergency Department blood pressure >90 mm Hg, 57 per cent underwent orthopedic repair, 22 per cent required no surgery, and only 13 per cent required vascular repair (P < 0.01). In the absence of other criteria for full trauma activation such as shock, the need for the immediate presence of a general surgeon to perform emergency surgery for a GSW isolated to the extremity is low.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Arm Injuries', 'Female', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Humans', 'Hypotension', 'Injury Severity Score', 'Leg Injuries', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Trauma', 'Patient Selection', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Trauma Centers', 'Wounds, Gunshot', 'Young Adult']
| 30,268,174
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C26.088'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.514'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875.500', 'E05.944.600', 'N04.452.859.564.800.500', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800.400'], ['C26.558'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C26.640'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336.500', 'N02.421.297.195.480', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336.400'], ['C26.986.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
In silico identification of small molecules as novel LXR agonists for the treatment of cardiovascular disease and cancer.
|
Liver X receptor (LXR), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, mainly serves as a reverse cholesterol transporter in lipid metabolism. It has been demonstrated that LXR is a promising target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. LXR is also involved in cancer metabolism, glucose homeostasis, immunity, and various physiological processes. The antitumor function of LXR has become of great interest to researchers in recent years. However, while it is believed that activating LXR with small molecules could be a promising approach to cancer treatment, effective drugs that target LXR are yet to be reported. To find compounds that are potentially capable of activating LXR, we utilized a high-throughput screening method to search the MolMall database for suitable compounds. Seven candidates with lower GB/SA Hawkins scores than the reference ligand T0901317 were identified. Based on the results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, binding free energy analysis, and an analysis of the agonism mechanism, ZINC90512020 and ZINC3845032 were predicted to have high affinities for LXR and high relative stabilization, and were therefore selected as potential LXR agonists. Both of these compounds will undergo further development with a view to utilizing them for the treatment of LXR-related cardiovascular diseases or cancers.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cardiovascular Agents', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Computer Simulation', 'Humans', 'Ligands', 'Liver X Receptors', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Neoplasms', 'Protein Binding']
| 29,450,657
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['D27.505.954.411'], ['C14'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D12.776.260.531', 'D12.776.826.194'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['C04'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vivo metabolism of 3H-testosterone in adult male rats: effects of estrogen administration.
|
The metabolism of testosterone (T) was studied in normal adult male rats using a constant infusion of trace amounts of the 3H-steroid into a tail vein for 3 h in order to attain a state of equilibrium. Samples of plasma, liver, kidney, prostate, seminal vesicles and muscle were analysed for 3H-testosterone, 3H-5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5alphaDHT) and 3H-5alpha-androstanediol (Adiol). When compared to the 3H-T level in plasma there were high levels of 3H-T in kidney and of 3H-5alphaDHT in prostate and seminal vesicles. Intraperitoneal estradiol valerate administration (100 mug/day) for 4 days decreased and 3H-5alphaDHT levels in the prostate and seminal vesicles. The estrogen administration increased the T metabolic clearance rate from 17.5 1/24 h/100 g body wt to 22.6 1/24 h/100 g body wt.
|
['Androstane-3,17-diol', 'Animals', 'Dihydrotestosterone', 'Estradiol', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Metabolic Clearance Rate', 'Muscles', 'Prostate', 'Rats', 'Seminal Vesicles', 'Testosterone']
| 1,166,480
|
[['D04.210.500.054.040.080', 'D06.472.334.851.968.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.054.040.248', 'D06.472.334.851.968.964'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['E01.370.225.843', 'E05.200.843', 'G03.490', 'G07.690.595', 'G07.690.725.513'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A05.360.444.713'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analyzing bivariate repeated measures for discrete and continuous outcome variables.
|
A considerable body of literature has arisen over the past 15 years for analyzing univariate repeated measures data. However, it is rare in applied biomedical research for interest to be restricted to a single outcome measure. In this paper, we consider the case of bivariate repeated measures. We apply a generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach to relate each set of repeated measures to important explanatory variables. We then invoke the seemingly unrelated regression paradigm to combine these GEE models into an overall analysis framework. This approach provides a great deal of flexibility in modeling the relationships to fixed and time-dependent covariates for each set of outcome variables. Estimation and hypothesis testing issues are described and the methodology is illustrated with an example.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Biometry', 'Crohn Disease', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Methotrexate', 'Models, Statistical', 'Multicenter Studies as Topic', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Regression Analysis']
| 8,672,710
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['E05.318.740.225', 'N06.850.505.200'], ['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['E05.318.372.658', 'N05.715.360.330.643', 'N06.850.520.450.643'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Electronmicroscopic histochemical investigation of the surface of the cell membrane of the renal tubules with the use of ruthenium red and lantanum nitrate.
|
The renal tubules were investigated with the use of ruthenium red and lanthanum nitrate to titrate the carbohydrate groups which are localized on the differentiated surface of the cell membranes and intercellular spaces. Ruthenium red visualized the surface coat which is tightly bound to the outer lamellae of the cell membrane. Lanthanum nitrate used in this investigations is a valuable marker of the intercellular spaces. The applied markers have visualized in the kidney the canals which are originated from the foldings of membranes of the tubular cells which adhere to the basal membrane. The markers used in combination with the fixative glutaraldehyde-paraformaldehyde give an electrondense envelope of the cell membrane which is more distinct as compared with specimen treated with glutaraldehyde and markers only.
|
['Animals', 'Carbohydrates', 'Cell Membrane', 'Formaldehyde', 'Glutaral', 'Kidney Tubules', 'Lanthanum', 'Rats', 'Ruthenium Red']
| 416,997
|
[['B01.050'], ['D09'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D02.047.407'], ['D02.047.532'], ['A05.810.453.736.560'], ['D01.268.558.362.500', 'D01.552.550.399.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D01.210.837', 'D01.625.800', 'D01.765.765']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Crystal structures of the pyrazinamide-p-aminobenzoic acid (1/1) cocrystal and the transamidation reaction product 4-(pyrazine-2-carboxamido)benzoic acid in the molten state.
|
The synthesis of pharmaceutical cocrystals is a strategy to enhance the performance of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) without affecting their therapeutic efficiency. The 1:1 pharmaceutical cocrystal of the antituberculosis drug pyrazinamide (PZA) and the cocrystal former p-aminobenzoic acid (p-ABA), C7H7NO2·C5H5N3O, (1), was synthesized successfully and characterized by relevant solid-state characterization methods. The cocrystal crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n containing one molecule of each component. Both molecules associate via intermolecular O-H···O and N-H···O hydrogen bonds [O···O = 2.6102 (15) ? and O-H···O = 168.3 (19)°; N···O = 2.9259 (18) ? and N-H···O = 167.7 (16)°] to generate a dimeric acid-amide synthon. Neighbouring dimers are linked centrosymmetrically through N-H···O interactions [N···O = 3.1201 (18) ? and N-H···O = 136.9 (14)°] to form a tetrameric assembly supplemented by C-H···N interactions [C···N = 3.5277 (19) ? and C-H···N = 147°]. Linking of these tetrameric assemblies through N-H···O [N···O = 3.3026 (19) ? and N-H···O = 143.1 (17)°], N-H···N [N···N = 3.221 (2) ? and N-H···N = 177.9 (17)°] and C-H···O [C···O = 3.5354 (18) ? and C-H···O = 152°] interactions creates the two-dimensional packing. Recrystallization of the cocrystals from the molten state revealed the formation of 4-(pyrazine-2-carboxamido)benzoic acid, C12H9N3O3, (2), through a transamidation reaction between PZA and p-ABA. Carboxamide (2) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1? with one molecule in the asymmetric unit. Molecules of (2) form a centrosymmetric dimeric homosynthon through an acid-acid O-H···O hydrogen bond [O···O = 2.666 (3) ? and O-H···O = 178 (4)°]. Neighbouring assemblies are connected centrosymmetrically via a C-H···N interaction [C···N = 3.365 (3) ? and C-H···N = 142°] engaging the pyrazine groups to generate a linear chain. Adjacent chains are connected loosely via C-H···O interactions [C···O = 3.212 (3) ? and C-H···O = 149°] to generate a two-dimensional sheet structure. Closely associated two-dimensional sheets in both compounds are stacked via aromatic ð-stacking interactions engaging the pyrazine and benzene rings to create a three-dimensional multi-stack structure.
|
['Aminobenzoates', 'Antitubercular Agents', 'Benzoates', 'Benzoic Acid', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Models, Molecular', 'Pyrazinamide', 'Pyrazines']
| 26,524,176
|
[['D02.241.223.100.050', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020'], ['D27.505.954.122.085.255'], ['D02.241.223.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127'], ['D02.241.223.100.120', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.117'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['G02.282'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D03.383.679.750'], ['D03.383.679']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Patient safety incidents are common in primary care: A national prospective active incident reporting survey.
|
BACKGROUND: The study objectives were to describe the incidence and the nature of patient safety incidents (PSIs) in primary care general practice settings, and to explore the association between these incidents and practice or organizational characteristics.METHODS: GPs, randomly selected from a national influenza surveillance network (n = 800) across France, prospectively reported any incidents observed each day over a one-week period between May and July 2013. An incident was an event or circumstance that could have resulted, or did result, in harm to a patient, which the GP would not wish to recur. Primary outcome was the incidence of PSIs which was determined by counting reports per total number of patient encounters. Reports were categorized using existing taxonomies. The association with practice and organizational characteristics was calculated using a negative binomial regression model.RESULTS: 127 GPs (participation rate 79%) reported 317 incidents of which 270 were deemed to be a posteriori judged preventable, among 12,348 encounters. 77% had no consequences for the patient. The incidence of reported PSIs was 26 per 1000 patient encounters per week (95% CI [23‰ -28‰]). Incidents were three times more frequently related to the organization of healthcare than to knowledge and skills of health professionals, and especially to the workflow in the GPs' offices and to the communication between providers and with patients. Among GP characteristics, three were related with an increased incidence in the final multivariable model: length of consultation higher than 15 minutes, method of receiving radiological results (by fax compared to paper or email), and being in a multidisciplinary clinic compared with sole practitioners.CONCLUSIONS: Patient safety incidents (PSIs) occurred in mean once every two days in the sampled GPs and 2% of them were associated with a definite possibility for harm. Studying the association between organizational features of general practices and PSIs remains a major challenge and one of the most important issues for safety in primary care.
|
['Female', 'France', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Patient Safety', 'Primary Health Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Management']
| 28,196,076
|
[['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['N06.850.135.060.075.399'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['N03.219.463.800', 'N04.452.871']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Reconstruction and analysis of the pupil dilation signal: Application to a psychophysiological affective protocol.
|
Pupil dilation (PD) dynamics reflect the interactions of sympathetic and parasympathetic innervations in the iris muscle. Different pupillary responses have been observed with respect to emotionally characterized stimuli. Evidences of the correlation between PD and respiration, heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure (BP) are present in literature, making the pupil dilation a candidate for estimating the activity state of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), in particular during stressful and/or emotionally characterized stimuli. The aim of this study is to investigate whether both slow and fast PD dynamics can be addressed to characterized different affective states. Two different frequency bands were considered: the classical autonomic band [0-0.45] Hz and a very high frequency (VHF) band [0.45-5] Hz. The pupil dilation signals from 13 normal subjects were recorded during a psychological protocol suitable to evoke particular affective states. An elaborate reconstruction of the missing data (blink events and artifacts) was performed to obtain a more reliable signal, particularly in the VHF band. Results show a high correlation between the arousal of the event and the power characteristics of the signal, in all frequencies. In particular, for the "Anger" condition, we can observe 10 indices out of 13 significantly different with respect to "Baseline" counterparts. These preliminary results suggest that both slow and fast oscillations of the PD can be used to characterize affective states.
|
['Affect', 'Algorithms', 'Emotions', 'Humans', 'Psychophysiology', 'Pupil', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted']
| 24,109,610
|
[['F01.470.047'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['F01.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.190.525.812', 'F02.830', 'F04.096.795', 'H01.158.782.795'], ['A09.371.060.450.780', 'A09.371.894.513.780'], ['L01.224.800']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Conditional reverse tet-transactivator mouse strains for the efficient induction of TRE-regulated transgenes in mice.
|
Tetracycline or doxycycline (dox)-regulated control of genetic elements allows inducible, reversible and tissue specific regulation of gene expression in mice. This approach provides a means to investigate protein function in specific cell lineages and at defined periods of development and disease. Efficient and stable regulation of cDNAs or non-coding elements (e.g. shRNAs) downstream of the tetracycline-regulated element (TRE) requires the robust expression of a tet-transactivator protein, commonly the reverse tet-transactivator, rtTA. Most rtTA strains rely on tissue specific promoters that often do not provide sufficient rtTA levels for optimal inducible expression. Here we describe the generation of two mouse strains that enable Cre-dependent, robust expression of rtTA3, providing tissue-restricted and consistent induction of TRE-controlled transgenes. We show that these transgenic strains can be effectively combined with established mouse models of disease, including both Cre/LoxP-based approaches and non Cre-dependent disease models. The integration of these new tools with established mouse models promises the development of more flexible genetic systems to uncover the mechanisms of development and disease pathogenesis.
|
['Animals', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Models, Genetic', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Response Elements', 'Transgenes']
| 24,743,474
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.330.700', 'G02.111.570.080.689.675.700', 'G05.360.080.689.330.700', 'G05.360.080.689.675.700', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.249.765', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680.765'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Magnetic resonance imaging in the management of diabetic foot infection.
|
A prospective study was carried out of 22 patients admitted with 25 diabetic foot infections. All had cellulitis, 12 had discharging ulcers and eight had digital gangrene. In one case magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was unhelpful owing to patient movement. Thirteen scans suggested deep-seated infection, including abscess (ten), osteomyelitis (seven) and ankle effusion (one). Overall, imaging provided a specificity of 77 per cent, a positive predictive value of 77 per cent, a sensitivity of 91 per cent and a negative predictive value of 91 per cent. MRI is valuable in determining the presence and extent of infection, which allows appropriate planning of surgical intervention.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cellulitis', 'Diabetic Foot', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infections', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 8,689,178
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C01.800.130', 'C01.830.200', 'C17.300.185', 'C23.550.470.756.200'], ['C14.907.320.191', 'C17.800.893.592.450.200', 'C19.246.099.500.191', 'C19.246.099.937.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Evidence for pH-dependent multiple conformers in iron(II) heme-human serum albumin: spectroscopic and kinetic investigation of carbon monoxide binding.
|
Human serum albumin (HSA), the most prominent protein in plasma, is best known for its exceptional ligand binding capacity. HSA participates in heme scavenging by binding the macrocycle at fatty acid site 1. In turn, heme endows HSA with globin-like reactivity and spectroscopic properties. A detailed pH-dependent kinetic and spectroscopic investigation of iron(II) heme-HSA and of its carbonylated form is reported here. Iron (II) heme-HSA is a mixture of a four-coordinate intermediate-spin species (predominant at pH 5.8 and 7.0), a five-coordinate high-spin form (mainly at pH 7.0), and a six-coordinate low-spin species (predominant at pH 10.0). The acidic-to-alkaline reversible transition reflects conformational changes leading to the coordination of the heme Fe(II) atom by the His146 residue via its nitrogen atom, both in the presence and in the absence of CO. The presence of several species accounts for the complex, multiexponential kinetics observed and reflects the very slow interconversion between the different species observed both for CO association to the free iron(II) heme-HSA and for CO dissociation from CO-iron(II) heme-HSA as a function of pH.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Carbon Monoxide', 'Ferrous Compounds', 'Heme', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Molecular', 'Serum Albumin', 'Spectrum Analysis, Raman']
| 21,894,504
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['D01.200.250', 'D01.362.200', 'D01.650.550.250'], ['D01.490.200'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['E05.196.822.860', 'E05.196.867.890']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of centerin: a novel human germinal center B cell-restricted serpin.
|
For naive B cells to mature in response to antigen triggering and become either plasma cells or memory B cells, a complex array of events takes place within germinal centers (GC) of secondary lymphoid organs. With the long-term objective of defining and characterizing molecules that control the generation of GC, we have subtracted RNA messages derived from highly purified B cells at the follicular mantle stage of differentiation from GC B cells. Using this approach, we have identified a novel molecule, centerin, belonging to the family of serine-protease inhibitors or serpins. Transcription of centerin is highly restricted to GC B cells and their malignant counterparts, Burkitt's lymphoma lines. The putative centerin protein shares the highest sequence identity with thyroxine-binding globulin and possesses arginine/serine at its P1/P1' active site, suggesting that it interacts with a trypsin-like protease(s). In addition, several other sequence features of centerin also indicate that it serves as a bonafide protease inhibitor. Finally, we demonstrate differentially up-regulated transcription of this novel gene by resting, naive B cells stimulated in vitro via CD40 signaling, while Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain-mediated B cell activation fails to generate this reponse. Because CD40 signaling is required for naive B cells to enter the GC reaction and for GC B cells to survive, it is likely that centerin plays a role in the development and/or sustaining of GC.
|
['Alternative Splicing', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'CD40 Ligand', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Germinal Center', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'RNA, Antisense', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Neoplasm', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Serpins', 'Subtraction Technique', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 11,069,088
|
[['G02.111.760.700.100', 'G03.839.700.100', 'G05.308.700.700.100'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.124', 'D12.776.395.550.185', 'D12.776.467.374.750.124', 'D12.776.543.550.198', 'D23.529.374.750.124'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.370.380', 'G05.360.162.520.300.370.380'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['E05.393.332'], ['A10.549.400.500', 'A15.382.520.604.412.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D13.150.650', 'D13.444.600.150.760', 'D13.444.735.150', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.760'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.615'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['D12.644.861', 'D12.776.872', 'D27.505.519.389.745.800.675'], ['E01.370.350.760'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Improve scheduling of fistula patients to slash unnecessary costs, improve care for ESRD.
|
When you're dealing with a high-cost illness like ESRD, finding an easy source of six figure savings while enhancing access and quality is a significant accomplishment. But that's exactly what one hospital has done, using a simple strategy that virtually every organization with ESRD patients can adopt.
|
['Appointments and Schedules', 'Cost Savings', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Surgery Department, Hospital', 'Vascular Fistula', 'Virginia']
| 11,066,293
|
[['N04.452.095'], ['N03.219.151.160.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.750', 'N04.452.442.452.422.750'], ['C14.240.850.984', 'C14.907.933', 'C23.300.575.950'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.837', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.870']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Significance of epidermal growth factor receptor in advanced ovarian cancer.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) expression in a group of advanced ovarian carcinomas.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 72 previously untreated patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage III-IV disease. The median follow-up was 24 months (range, 4 to 75 months). EGF-R was measured by a radioreceptorial assay. A cutoff of 1.5 fmol per milligram of protein was chosen to define EGF-R positivity. Medians and life tables obtained with the Kaplan and Meier method were analyzed by the log-rank test. The risk of progression was estimated by Cox's proportional hazards model.RESULTS: EGF-R was detected in 54% of primary tumors. When EGF-R was analyzed in different tissue specimens of the same tumor, consistent findings were noted in 88% (seven of eight) of cases. A lower concordance rate (nine of 15; 60%) was found between primary tumors and omental metastases, with a tendency toward higher EGF-R levels in the latter. The EGF-R expression did not significantly correlate with age, stage, grading, and residual tumor after primary surgery. In the univariate analysis, stage IV disease, postoperative residual tumor diameter greater than 2 cm, presence of ascites, and EGF-R positivity were found to be significantly associated with a greater risk of disease progression. In the multivariate analysis, only the postoperative residual tumor and the EGF-R expression remained significantly associated with a high risk of progression.CONCLUSION: Data reported here suggest that the presence of EGF-R in advanced ovarian tumor at the time of the primary surgery identifies a subset of patients with a particularly poor prognosis.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Life Tables', 'Middle Aged', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Regression Analysis', 'Risk Factors']
| 1,548,517
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['E05.318.308.985.475', 'E05.318.740.100.500', 'N01.224.935.530', 'N06.850.505.400.975.475', 'N06.850.520.308.985.475'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sensory impairments and their associations with functional disability in a sample of the oldest-old.
|
PURPOSE: Research focusing on the consequences of sensory impairments for the everyday competence of the oldest-old is emerging. The two main goals of this study were to document the prevalence of self-reported vision, hearing, and dual sensory impairment and to explore associations of these impairments with functional disability in near-centenarians and centenarians.METHODS: Centenarians and near-centenarians (N = 119; average age = 99) were recruited, with about 80% living in the community. In-person interviews included self-ratings of vision and hearing impairment and functional disability conceptualized as having difficulties performing personal and instrumental activities of daily livings (PADLs and IADLs).RESULTS: Based on self-report ratings, 17% of participants were classified as having a visual impairment only, 18% as having a hearing impairment only, and 38% with both a visual and hearing impairment (dual sensory impairment). Regression analyses demonstrated that having a vision impairment only and being dual sensory impaired were the strongest predictors of functional disability. They were associated with higher levels of functional disability over and above higher levels of depressive symptomatology, interference of health with desired activities, and living in a nursing home.CONCLUSIONS: Sensory impairments-especially dual sensory impairment-are prevalent in the oldest-old. Having dual sensory impairment or a single visual impairment among other factors are strongly associated with less-optimal everyday functioning in the oldest-old.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Female', 'Hearing Disorders', 'Humans', 'Male', 'New York City', 'Prevalence', 'Quality of Life', 'Regression Analysis', 'Self Report', 'Vision Disorders']
| 24,682,668
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.400'], ['C09.218.458', 'C10.597.751.418', 'C23.888.592.763.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
DABCO-bis(sulfur dioxide), DABSO, as a convenient source of sulfur dioxide for organic synthesis: utility in sulfonamide and sulfamide preparation.
|
The charge-transfer complex generated from the combination of DABCO and sulfur dioxide, DABSO, is a bench-stable colorless solid suitable for use in organic synthesis as a replacement for gaseous sulfur dioxide. The complex can be combined with Grignard reagents to form sulfinates, which can then be converted in situ to a series of sulfonamides. Alternatively, reaction with anilines and iodine leads to the formation of a series of sulfamides. Cheletropic addition between DABSO and 2,3-dimethylbutadiene provides the corresponding sulfolene.
|
['Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Structure', 'Piperazines', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Sulfonamides', 'Sulfur Dioxide']
| 21,866,926
|
[['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D03.383.606'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['D01.362.810', 'D01.650.550.850.925', 'D01.875.825.925']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The molecular basis of granuloma formation in schistosomiasis. III. In vivo effects of a T cell-derived suppressor effector factor and IL-2 on granuloma formation.
|
Granuloma formation in schistosomiasis is characterized by the formation of a large lesion in acutely infected animals which subsequently decreases in size as disease progresses into the chronic phase. These in vivo studies confirm and extend previous in vitro observations on the regulation of granulomatous hypersensitivity by a T cell-derived suppressor effector factor (TseF). TseF regulation of granuloma formation in vivo and DTH are shown to be both antigenically and genetically restricted. This suppression is accompanied by a suppression of the ability of cells derived from TseF recipients to function in an in vitro assay of granuloma formation. Antigenic recognition, defined by cellular proliferation in response to antigenic stimulation, is uneffected by TseF administration. Administration of IL-2 reduces TseF function in acutely infected mice and results in increased liver granuloma size. However, the ability of cells derived from these animals to form granulomas in vitro is uneffected. Cells obtained from chronically infected IL-2 recipients do not produce TseF in vitro and granuloma size is increased in these animals. Animals receiving both IL-2 and TseF continue to demonstrate decreased granuloma formation, indicating that IL-2 does not effect the ability of preformed TseF to function. These observations suggest that TseF modulates granuloma formation in vivo and may interact with IL-2 in a dynamic process which determines the intensity of the granulomatous response.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Animals', 'Antigens, Helminth', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Granuloma', 'H-2 Antigens', 'Interleukin-2', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Schistosomiasis mansoni', 'Suppressor Factors, Immunologic', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 2,500,484
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.223'], ['A11.251'], ['C15.604.515.292', 'C23.550.382'], ['D23.050.301.500.100.350', 'D23.050.301.500.400.199', 'D23.050.705.552.100.350', 'D23.050.705.552.410.199'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C01.610.335.865.859.576', 'C01.920.922.576'], ['D12.644.276.374.480.700', 'D12.776.467.374.480.700', 'D23.529.374.480.700'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effects of age and physical health on processing speed in HIV.
|
The impact of age and physical health on processing speed was investigated in 42 non-demented HIV+ individuals ranging in age from 30 to 75. We used the Medical Outcomes Study-HIV Healthy Survey (MOS-HIV) to measure self-reported physical health, neuropsychological tests to measure psychomotor and cognitive processing speed (Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Trail Making Test, Grooved Pegboard Test, letter and category fluency), and a test of the foreperiod effect to measure reaction time under increasing attentional load. Results indicated that aging and worse physical health each independently contributed to slowing on different processing speed measures, while the interaction between aging and physical health did not contribute to processing speed. These findings highlight the importance of considering physical health separately from age when measuring cognitive function in HIV+ adults.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Executive Function', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Task Performance and Analysis']
| 26,468,908
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['F02.463.217'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Early eyelid rehabilitation in facial nerve paralysis.
|
Upper-lid gold-weight insertions and lower-lid-shortening procedures are standard surgical techniques used to restore eyelid function and protect the cornea in patients with facial nerve paralysis. Different opinions exist in the literature regarding the correct timing and the morbidity of these interventions. The retrospective analysis of 45 patients over a 5-year period revealed extrusion of the gold weight in one (2.2%) patient and delayed infections in three (6.6%). Sixty percent of all gold-weight insertions were performed within 4 weeks after the onset of facial nerve paralysis. We strongly favor gold-weight insertion, often combined with lower-lid-shortening procedures, as a simple, reliable, reversible, and successful technique for early rehabilitation of the paralyzed eyelid. Using these guidelines, we have markedly reduced the need for tarsorrhaphies.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Eyelid Diseases', 'Eyelids', 'Facial Paralysis', 'Female', 'Gold', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Surgery, Plastic', 'Time Factors']
| 8,822,716
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C11.338'], ['A01.456.505.420.504', 'A09.371.337'], ['C07.465.327', 'C10.597.622.214', 'C23.888.592.636.214'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E07.695'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['H02.403.810.788'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Production of Agaricus bisporus on substrates pre-colonized by Scytalidium thermophilum and supplemented at casing with protein-rich supplements.
|
The objective of this study was to evaluate performance of Agaricus bisporus (Ab) on substrates pre-colonized by Scytalidiumthermophilum (St), a thermophilic fungus known to enhance yields of Ab and increase selectivity of the substrate. The radial extension rate (RER) of the mycelium of three strains of St and their influence on the growth of a brown strain of Ab were evaluated. We also determined the time required for colonization of pangola grass by St in a compost pile and the influence of three protein-rich supplements on yield of Ab on pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens) colonized by St. RER of St ranged from 10.1mm/d on grass to 18.9 mm/d on potato dextrose yeast extract agar, with significant differences among substrates and among strains. Ab grew faster on substrate colonized for 1, 2, or 3 days by St (RER of 3.31, 3.29, 3.23 mm/d, respectively) compared to non-colonized substrate (1.85 mm/d). Ab was cultivated on substrate samples selected daily from the St-inoculated pile, with biological efficiencies (BE) ranging from 4% (day 0) to 73.9% (day 2). Protein-rich supplements (soybean, black beans and cowpeas) added at casing significantly stimulated mushroom yield on St-colonized substrate compared to the non-supplemented control. BE varied from 26.1% on substrate non-supplemented to 73.1% on compost supplemented with ground soybean. There were no significant differences in mushroom yield observed among supplements evaluated.
|
['Agaricus', 'Ascomycota', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Mycelium', 'Plant Proteins', 'Poaceae', 'Soil', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 19,457,658
|
[['B01.300.179.100.105'], ['B01.300.107'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['A19.687'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Ultrasensitive assay for measuring the intact (1-39) ACTH molecule: an asset in depression research.
|
This study investigates the utility for depression research of an assay for intact (1-39) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) versus that of a previously employed (i.e., 1-17, 1-24 sequences) ACTH assay. ACTH plasma levels were measured using two different ACTH assays (labeled as intact versus nonintact) in 10 minor and 27 major depressed subjects undergoing the combined dexamethasone suppression (DST) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test. Intact--but not nonintact--ACTH values were significantly correlated with the severity of illness. Major depressed subjects exhibited significantly higher post-DST+CRH intact ACTH values than minor depressives, whereas nonintact ACTH values were not significantly different between these groups. Post-DST+CRH intact ACTH values were significantly more closely related to post-DST+CRH cortisol than nonintact ACTH values. It is concluded that the assay of the intact ACTH molecule is an asset in depression research and should replace the previous less specific and sensitive ACTH assays.
|
['Adrenocorticotropic Hormone', 'Adult', 'Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Dexamethasone', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Admission', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Reference Values']
| 8,047,242
|
[['D06.472.699.327.935.531.500', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.531.500', 'D12.644.400.400.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.365.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.531.500', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.531.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.140', 'D12.644.400.400.740.140', 'D12.644.548.365.740.140', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.140'], ['F03.600.300'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The posterior radial epiphysis free flap: a new donor site.
|
The authors present the anatomy and clinical applications of a new donor site for free or pedicled transfers. It is localised on the posterior aspect of the forearm, over the distal radius, and based on a posterior branch of the anterior interosseous artery. It can be used as a free skin flap, osteoperiosteal or osteocutaneous transfer. Reinnervation is possible. Indications in hand surgery are numerous. Five consecutive cases have been operated upon successfully.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Finger Injuries', 'Fingers', 'Forearm', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radius', 'Skin Transplantation', 'Surgical Flaps']
| 2,804,511
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C26.448.429'], ['A01.378.800.667.430'], ['A01.378.800.585'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.700'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Anteromedial Meniscofemoral Ligament of the Anterior Horn of the Medial Meniscus: Clinical, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Arthroscopic Features.
|
PURPOSE: To describe the clinical, arthroscopic, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of knees with anomalous insertion of the anterior horn of the medial meniscus (AHMM) into the intercondylar notch via an anteromedial meniscofemoral ligament (AMMFL).METHODS: A total of 2,503 arthroscopic knee surgeries performed from July 2003 to October 2016 were reviewed retrospectively to identify knees with an AMMFL. Medical records, arthroscopic photographs, and MRI of identified cases were analyzed. Meniscus width and extrusion were measured on MRI. Fifty patients with a normal meniscus were selected as a control group.RESULTS: A total of 13 (0.52%) patients had an AMMFL with insertion at the intercondylar notch. All cases were diagnosed incidentally during arthroscopy. The characteristics of knee pain were related to surgical pathology. Arthroscopic examination revealed the AMMFL as a band-like structure covering the anterior cruciate ligament. In all cases, the AHMM had no bony attachment to the tibia, and increased mobility was observed on probing of the AHMM. The medial meniscus (MM) was significantly larger than the general size in 8 cases (61.5%). Twelve knees (92.3%) had meniscus tears. On MRI, the AMMFL appeared as a low-signal linear structure arising at the AHMM and coursing superiorly along the anterior cruciate ligament. The mean MM width was greater than that in the control group at the mid-body (P = .030), anterior horn (P = .002), and posterior horn (P = .001).CONCLUSIONS: All cases of AMMFL were found incidentally during arthroscopic surgery, and the AMMFL was a silent lesion. There was no significant meniscal extrusion, although the AHMM had no bony attachment. This is because the AMMFL may act as an anchor for the AHMM. Therefore, the AMMFL should not always be removed. The MM with an AMMFL tended to be larger than the typical MM and may be related to some degree of hypermobility, which raises the risk of meniscal tears.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, retrospective case series.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Arthroscopy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Knee Injuries', 'Knee Joint', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Menisci, Tibial', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 29,402,584
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A02.513.514.100', 'A02.835.583.512.100', 'A10.165.669.514.100'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.558.554'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A02.165.308.538.500', 'A02.835.583.475.590', 'A10.165.382.350.163.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fibrinogen: evolution of the structure-function concept. Keynote address at fibrinogen 2000 congress.
|
Coagulation of blood is such an evident phenomenon that its observation can be traced back to earliest historical times. The great philosophers and physicians of antiquity discussed and provided interesting explanations. However, it was not until the end of the seventeenth century that the structural component of the blood clot was described by Malpighi as a white fibrous substance. In the middle of the nineteenth century this was identified as a constituent of pathological thrombi and given the name fibrin. At about that time its precursor in blood, fibrinogen, was isolated in a highly purified form by Hammarsten who suggested that, preceding fibrin formation, activation of fibrinogen by thrombin occurred by limited proteolysis. The activation mechanism was eventually clarified in the 1950s. It was shown to proceed in two discrete steps, by removal of low molecular weight activation peptides. Ferry postulated, based on physicochemical observations, that the activated molecules aligned in a half-staggered fashion to form polymers. The rapid post-war development of biochemical technology permitted evaluation of the primary structure of fibrinogen. With that followed identification of molecular domains in the activated firbinogen molecules that participate in polymer formation, crosslinking of polymeric structures, and domains for cellular attachment. Crystallization of fragments and, recently, of the entire molecule has confirmed and extended this knowledge. Lately, it has also been possible to obtain detailed information on the architecture of the fiber network in the fibrin gel. The gel structure is primarily determined by the initial rate of fibrinogen activation, but without infringement of this primary rule, several factors in blood may modulate the structure. Fibrinogen and fibrin play important roles in normal hemostasis, wound healing, and pathological processes, such as thrombosis and atherosclerosis.
|
['Fibrinogen', 'Humans', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 11,460,464
|
[['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Diabetic retinopathy: twelve-year incidence and progression].
|
INTRODUCTION: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) it is the main cause of preventable blindness in productive-age adults. The rate of progression to blindness from DR differs among countries and populations.MATERIAL AND METHODS: In order to report the incidence and progression of DR after 12 years of follow-up in a cohort (n = 100) of adult patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) in Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico, we designed an open population cohort study from April 1992 to July 2004. Main variables studied longitudinally were incidence and progression of DR, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin and associated clinical parameters.RESULTS: Mean age was 54 +/- (SD) 9.2 years and the time since DM2 diagnosis was 9 +/- 6 years. Incidence rates at 3, 6 and 12 years were 23, 48 and 71%, respectively; and for progression were 56, 70 and 74%, respectively. The 12-year proliferative DR incidence and progression were 14.3 and 32%, respectively. Mean fasting blood glucose levels were 193 mg/dL and for glycated hemoglobin 11%. Mortality was 45%, half attributable to acute myocardial infarction.DISCUSSION: Diabetic retinopathy in our population has a high incidence that doubled in 3 years, and has an accelerated progression toward more severe forms. Incidence and progression are higher than that reported in white non-Hispanics. It should be high priority in our country to (a) prevent diabetes mellitus, (b) improve its metabolic control, (c) establish RD diagnostic programs and (d) give appropriate treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Glucose', 'Cohort Studies', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Mexico', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Time Factors']
| 15,910,698
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Paranoid schizophrenia: non-specificity of neuropsychological vulnerability markers.
|
During stages of remission, patients with paranoid schizophrenia seldom show severe attentional or information-processing dysfunctions, except in cases of long-term chronicity. The diagnostic specificity of four putative psychological vulnerability indicators of schizophrenia - the Span of Apprehension, the degraded stimulus Continuous Performance Test (dsCPT), the degraded stimulus visual backward masking task and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) - was examined in a group of patients with paranoid schizophrenia. Since no single test seems to identify all patients, the use of a combination of measures may be a useful strategy. Accordingly, the four tests were administered to 18 paranoid schizophrenic patients, 18 depressed patients and 18 normal subjects. Paranoid schizophrenic patients could be distinguished from normal subjects primarily on the basis of their performance on the backward masking task and secondarily by the dsCPT and the WCST. Paranoid schizophrenic and depressed patients could be differentiated to some extent by their performance on an information-mask condition of the backward masking task. Thus, of the four measures studied, only the degraded stimulus backward masking appeared to be a specific indicator of paranoid schizophrenia.
|
['Adult', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Attention', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Discrimination Learning', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Perceptual Masking', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Reference Values', 'Schizophrenia, Paranoid']
| 9,335,201
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E01.171'], ['F02.463.425.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F02.463.593.071.594', 'F02.463.593.932.733', 'G07.888.125.594'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E05.978.810'], ['F03.700.750.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Possible link between Hg and Cd accumulation in the brain of long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas).
|
The bioaccumulation of metals was investigated by analysis of liver, kidney, muscle and brain tissue of a pod of 21 long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas) of all ages stranded in Scotland, UK. The results are the first to report cadmium (Cd) passage through the blood-brain barrier of pilot whales and provide a comprehensive study of the long-term (up to 35 years) mammalian exposure to the environmental pollutants. Additionally, linear accumulation of mercury (Hg) was observed in all studied tissues, whereas for Cd this was only observed in the liver. Total Hg concentration above the upper neurochemical threshold was found in the sub-adult and adult brains and methylmercury (MeHg) of 2.2mg/kg was found in the brain of one individual. Inter-elemental analysis showed significant positive correlations of Hg with selenium (Se) and Cd with Se in all studied tissues. Furthermore, differences in the elemental concentrations in the liver and brain tissues were found between juvenile, sub-adult and adult groups. The highest concentrations of manganese, iron, zinc, Se, Hg and MeHg were noted in the livers, whereas Cd predominantly accumulated in the kidneys. High concentrations of Hg and Cd in the tissues of pilot whales presented in this study reflect ever increasing toxic stress on marine mammals.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Cadmium', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Mercury', 'Scotland', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Whales, Pilot']
| 26,748,005
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D01.268.556.504', 'D01.268.956.437', 'D01.552.544.504'], ['Z01.542.363.766'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.875.267.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Targeting chronic lymphocytic leukemia using CIGB-300, a clinical-stage CK2-specific cell-permeable peptide inhibitor.
|
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) remains an incurable malignancy, urging for the identification of new molecular targets for therapeutic intervention. CLL cells rely on overexpression and hyperactivation of the ubiquitous serine/threonine protein kinase CK2 for their viability in vitro. CIGB-300 is a cell-permeable selective CK2 inhibitor peptide undergoing clinical trials for several cancers. Here, we show that CIGB-300 promotes activation of the tumor suppressor PTEN and abrogates PI3K-mediated downstream signaling in CLL cells. In accordance, CIGB-300 decreases the viability and proliferation of CLL cell lines, promotes apoptosis of primary leukemia cells and displays antitumor efficacy in a xenograft mouse model of human CLL. Our studies provide pre-clinical support for the testing and possible inclusion of CK2 inhibitors in the clinical arsenal against CLL.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Casein Kinase II', 'Cell Growth Processes', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Survival', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Middle Aged', 'PTEN Phosphohydrolase', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Random Allocation', 'Signal Transduction', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 24,473,900
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.140.600', 'D12.776.476.150.600'], ['G04.161', 'G07.345.249.410'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.428.080.125', 'C15.604.515.560.080.125', 'C20.683.515.528.080.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.850', 'D12.776.476.590', 'D12.776.624.776.695'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
PDE10A and ADCY5 mutations linked to molecular and microstructural basal ganglia pathology.
|
BACKGROUND: Striatal cyclic adenosine monophosphate activity modulates movement and is determined from the balance between its synthesis by adenylate cyclase 5 (ADCY5) and its degradation by phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A).OBJECTIVE: We assessed the integrity of striatocortical pathways, in vivo, in 2 genetic hyperkinetic disorders caused by ADCY5 and PDE10A mutations.METHODS: We studied 6 subjects with PDE10A and ADCY5 mutations using [11 C]IMA107 PET, [123 I]FP-CIT Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and multimodal MRI to investigate PDE10A and dopamine transporter availability, neuromelanin-containing neurons, and microstructural white and gray matter changes, respectively.RESULTS: We found that PDE10A and ADCY5 mutations were associated with decreased PDE10A expression in the striatum and globus pallidus, decreased dopamine transporter expression in the striatum, loss of substantia nigra neuromelanin-containing neurons, and microstructural white and gray matter changes within the substantia nigra, striatum, thalamus, and frontoparietal cortices.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate an association between PDE10A and ADCY5 mutations and pre/postsynaptic molecular changes, substantia nigra damage, and white and gray matter changes within the striatocortical pathways. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
|
['Adenylyl Cyclases', 'Basal Ganglia', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Globus Pallidus', 'Humans', 'Mutation', 'Neostriatum', 'Neurons', 'Parkinsonian Disorders', 'Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases', 'Substantia Nigra']
| 30,345,538
|
[['D08.811.520.650.200', 'D12.644.360.050', 'D12.776.476.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.124', 'D12.776.157.530.562.374.500.500', 'D12.776.157.530.937.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.124', 'D12.776.543.585.562.374.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.550'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['C10.228.140.079.862', 'C10.228.662.600'], ['D08.811.277.352.640'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.656']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Detection of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Rearranged Mesothelioma Cells in Ascites by Companion Diagnostics.
|
BACKGROUND: A case of peritoneal mesothelioma with an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) translocation was identified, and we conducted further studies to obtain diagnostic and therapeutic insights. We believe that this is the first report describing the cytology of this new tumor type.CASE: A teenage woman was referred for severe pleural effusion. Enhanced computed tomography indicated an abdominal mass with ascites. Laparoscopy revealed tumor dissemination from the pelvis to the upper abdomen. Because a high-grade serous carcinoma was suspected, ascitic cytology and biopsy were performed. Cytologically, the tumor displayed characteristics of both adenocarcinoma and reactive or neoplastic mesothelial cells. After extensive pathological evaluation, the tumor was diagnosed as malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. To verify the diagnosis and aid in developing a therapeutic strategy, several companion diagnostics were tried. Surprisingly, the tumor was ALK-positive, and ALK recombination was confirmed by an ALK break-apart test. Retrospectively, cells and tissue specimens were stained with ALK intercalated antibody-enhanced polymer. Tumor cells were clearly distinguished from the nonneoplastic background. Recombination in ALK was reconfirmed by the National Cancer Center Japan, and the patient was enrolled in a clinical trial for alectinib.CONCLUSION: Companion diagnostics-based cytology may provide a useful means of monitoring and evaluating a molecular-targeted therapy.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adolescent', 'Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase', 'Ascites', 'Cytodiagnosis', 'Female', 'Gene Rearrangement', 'Humans', 'Mesothelioma', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 31,661,685
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.057'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.002', 'D12.776.543.750.630.002'], ['C23.550.081'], ['E01.370.225.500.384', 'E05.200.500.384', 'E05.242.384'], ['G05.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.470.035.510', 'C04.557.470.660.510'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pittsburgh Regional Healthcare Initiative: a systems approach for achieving perfect patient care.
|
The Pittsburgh Regional Healthcare Initiative (PRHI) is an innovative model for health system change based on regionwide shared learning. By linking patient outcomes data with processes of care and sharing that information widely, PRHI supports measurable improvements in regionwide clinical practice and patient safety. In addition, through the redesign of problem solving at the front lines of care, PRHI helps health care organizations to evolve toward becoming sustainable systems of perfect patient care. This paper describes PRHI's design for change, reviews the progress and limitations of the shared learning model, and offers a set of broader policy considerations.
|
['Humans', 'Information Dissemination', 'Interinstitutional Relations', 'Leadership', 'Learning', 'Models, Organizational', 'Organizational Case Studies', 'Organizational Innovation', 'Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Pennsylvania', 'Regional Medical Programs', 'Safety Management', 'Staff Development', 'Total Quality Management']
| 14,515,891
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.143.443'], ['N04.452.822.400'], ['F01.752.609'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['E05.599.670', 'N04.452.534'], ['N03.349.380.710', 'N05.715.360.455'], ['N04.452.610'], ['N04.761.559', 'N05.715.360.575'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.550'], ['N03.349.650.400'], ['N04.452.871.900', 'N06.850.135.060.075.800'], ['I02.574.700', 'N04.452.677.822'], ['N04.452.955', 'N04.761.700.675', 'N05.700.792']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Texture based classification of the severity of mitral regurgitation.
|
Clinically, the severity of valvular regurgitation is assessed by manual tracing of the regurgitant jet in the respective chambers. This work presents a computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) system for the assessment of the severity of mitral regurgitation (MR) based on image processing that does not require the intervention of the radiologist or clinician. Eight different texture feature sets from the regurgitant area (selected through an arbitrary criterion) have been used in the present approach. First order statistics have been used initially, however, observing their limitations, the other texture features such as spatial gray level difference matrix, gray level difference statistics, neighborhood gray tone difference matrix, statistical feature matrix, Laws' textures energy measure, fractal dimension texture analysis and Fourier power spectrum have additionally been used. For the classification task a supervised classifier i.e., support vector machine has been used in the present approach. The classification accuracy has been improved significantly by using these texture features in combination, in comparison to when fed individually as input to the classifier. The classification accuracy of 95.65±1.09, 95.65±1.09 and 95.36±1.13 has been obtained in apical two chamber, apical four chamber and parasternal long axis views, respectively. Therefore, the results of this paper indicate that the proposed CAD system may effectively assist the radiologists in establishing (confirming) the MR stages, namely, mild, moderate and severe.
|
['Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Male', 'Mitral Valve Insufficiency', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Ultrasonography']
| 27,127,894
|
[['E01.158', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['L01.224.308'], ['C14.280.484.461'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Autologous tumor vaccine lowering postsurgical recurrent rate of hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: A tumor vaccine consisting of formalin-fixed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue fragments, biodegradable sustained-releasers of granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), and an adjuvant was developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of autologous tumor vaccine for protective immunity against HCC.METHODOLOGY: C57BL/6J mice were immunized intradermally with the Hepa1-6 tumor vaccine on day 0 and 7, followed by intrahepatic challenge with live Hepa1-6 cells. On day 21, the tumor volumes were measured and the effect of tumor vaccine was evaluated. Lymphocytes from the immunized mice were cultured and the specific cytotoxicity against Hepa1-6 was accessed. Then from March 1999 to June 2003, 67 patients with HCC undergoing curative resection were randomly divided into a tumor vaccine group (n = 32) and a control group (n = 35). Patients in the tumor vaccine group received 3 vaccinations at a 2-week interval and the control group only adjuvant treatment for symptoms. A delayed-type-hypersensitivity test was performed before and after vaccination. Primary endpoint was time to first recurrence and recurrent rates were analyzed.RESULTS: The tumor vaccine protected 87% of syngeneic mice from Hepa1-6 cells inoculation. In an in vitro experiment, splenocytes from the vaccinated mice exhibited a 56% lytic activity against the Hepa1-6 cells at an effector/target (E/T) ratio of 5, whereas they did not exhibit such activity against other tumor cells. The cytotoxic activity was inhibited by the treatment with anti-CD3, anti-CD8, and anti-MHC-class II monoclonal antibodies but not with anti-CD4 and anti-MHC-class I antibodies. In clinical trial, thirty-two patients had completed the tumor vaccine procedure and no essential adverse effect occurred. The follow-up averaged 33.6 months (range from 15 to 54 months). The recurrent rate was significantly better in the tumor vaccine group (1 year, 12.6%; 2 years, 35.9%; 3 years, 54%) than in the control group (1 year, 31.6%; 2 years, 61.3%; 3 years, 72.1%; P = 0.037). 23/32 patients developed a DTH response against the fragments of HCC and DTH-response-positive patients had a lower recurrent rate than DTH-response-negative patients (7/23 vs. 5/9).CONCLUSIONS: The autologous tumor vaccine is a promising adjunctive modality to prevent recurrence of human HCC.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Animals', 'Cancer Vaccines', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Hepatectomy', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Liver Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Time Factors']
| 16,795,983
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D20.215.894.200'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E04.210.556'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['C04.588.274.623.460', 'C04.619.540', 'C06.301.623.460', 'C06.552.697.580', 'E05.598.500.496.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E05.624'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Age-related changes in the cellular level of amylase and protein synthesis in the rat parotid gland.
|
Age-related changes in the cellular content of secretory proteins and protein synthesis were studied in parotid glands of rats of various ages. The secretory protein content (determined by measuring the level of alpha-amylase activity) and the synthesis of proteins (assayed by the rate of incorporation of 3H-leucine into acid-insoluble proteins) decline with increasing age. Morphological and radioautographic studies of the gland indicate that the decline in protein synthesis is due to the reduction in the ability of secretory cells to synthesize proteins.
|
['Aging', 'Amylases', 'Animals', 'DNA', 'Leucine', 'Male', 'Parotid Gland', 'Rats', 'Salivary Proteins and Peptides', 'alpha-Amylases']
| 6,162,871
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['D08.811.277.450.066'], ['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['A03.556.500.760.464', 'A10.336.779.464', 'A14.549.760.464'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.644.848', 'D12.776.850'], ['D08.811.277.450.066.050']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The role of arginine metabolic pathway during embryogenesis and germination in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.).
|
Vegetative propagation through somatic embryogenesis is critical in conifer biotechnology towards multivarietal forestry that uses elite varieties to cope with environmental and socio-economic issues. An important and still sub-optimal process during in vitro maturation of somatic embryos (SE) is the biosynthesis and deposition of storage proteins, which are rich in amino acids with high nitrogen (N) content, such as arginine. Mobilization of these N-rich proteins is essential for the germination and production of vigorous somatic seedlings. Somatic embryos accumulate lower levels of N reserves than zygotic embryos (ZE) at a similar stage of development. To understand the molecular basis for this difference, the arginine metabolic pathway has been characterized in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.). The genes involved in arginine metabolism have been identified and GFP-fusion constructs were used to locate the enzymes in different cellular compartments and clarify their metabolic roles during embryogenesis and germination. Analysis of gene expression during somatic embryo maturation revealed high levels of transcripts for genes involved in the biosynthesis and metabolic utilization of arginine. By contrast, enhanced expression levels were only observed during the last stages of maturation and germination of ZE, consistent with the adequate accumulation and mobilization of protein reserves. These results suggest that arginine metabolism is unbalanced in SE (simultaneous biosynthesis and degradation of arginine) and could explain the lower accumulation of storage proteins observed during the late stages of somatic embryogenesis.
|
['Arginine', 'Germination', 'Metabolic Networks and Pathways', 'Pinus']
| 29,112,758
|
[['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['G07.345.625.249', 'G15.357'], ['G03.493'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.625.875.777']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[A modified protocol for generating the simulated weightlessness rat model].
|
OBJECTIVE: To introduce a modified protocol for generating the simulated weightlessness rat model by hindlimb unloading.METHODS: Ninety male adult SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: the control group, classical suspension group and modified suspension group (n=30/group). In the classical suspension group, a strip of medical adhesive tape was attached to the tail, with horizontal filament tape wrapping. A piece of gauze was wrapped around the tail at the outermost layer and the tail was suspended for hindlimb unloading. In the modified suspension group, a layer of plastic net was added between the horizontal filament tape and the gauze to reduce the squeeze on the tail as a buffer zone and ensure proper circulation of the tail. After 4 weeks of suspension, damage to the tail and sheath detachment were observed. Meanwhile the body weight and right soleus wet weight of rats were measured.RESULTS: The ratio of right soleus wet weight to body weight was decreased significantly in both the classical suspension group and the modified suspension group compared with the control group, while there was no difference in body weight among the three different groups. Importantly, the incidence of tail ischemia and necrosis (13.3% vs 40.0% in the classical suspension group) and the incidence of sheath detachment from tail (3.3% vs 26.7% in the classical suspension group) were significantly lower whereas the success rates of model (33.3% vs 83.3% in classical suspension group) was significantly higher in the modified suspension group.CONCLUSION: The modified protocol decreases the incidence of tail necrosis and sheath detachment in the rat tail suspension and increases the success rate of the hindlimb unloading rat model, with improved simplicity and practicability.
|
['Animals', 'Hindlimb Suspension', 'Male', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Weightlessness Simulation']
| 31,250,615
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.472.760.370', 'E05.977.400', 'N06.230.150.440.950.400'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E05.977', 'N06.230.150.440.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Long-term experiences following extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in patients with urinary calculi].
|
A report is given on the experience we have had over a period of up to 7 years following ESWL treatment in urinary stone patients. 131I-hippuran clearance studies were conducted on 19 patients prior to and 6.6 years subsequent to ESWL. There was no evidence of any degree of deterioration in total renal function or of any form of dysfunction in the kidney treated. Follow-up examinations on 247 patients showed a 7% recurrent stone rate within a period of 3.6 years following ESWL. In 16% of the cases, residual concretions were found 6 months after ESWL, only 4% of which were larger than 5 mm in diameter. In 22%, concretions were discovered 3.6 years after ESWL 36% of which were larger than 5 mm. This size increase in the fragments accounts for the stone growth.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Iodohippuric Acid', 'Kidney Calculi', 'Kidney Calices', 'Lithotripsy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Recurrence', 'Ureteral Calculi', 'Urodynamics']
| 2,741,259
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.065.277.431.579', 'D02.241.223.100.100.400.500', 'D02.241.755.360.579', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085.460.500'], ['C12.777.419.600.500', 'C12.777.967.249.500', 'C12.777.967.500.503', 'C13.351.968.419.600.500', 'C13.351.968.967.249.500', 'C13.351.968.967.500.503', 'C23.300.175.850.550'], ['A05.810.453.537.503'], ['E02.600', 'E04.943.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C12.777.725.938.500', 'C12.777.967.374.500', 'C12.777.967.500.851', 'C13.351.968.725.938.500', 'C13.351.968.967.374.500', 'C13.351.968.967.500.851', 'C23.300.175.850.750'], ['G08.852.898']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A population-based longitudinal study on work environmental factors and the risk of major depressive disorder.
|
To investigate the relation between work environmental factors and the risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) over 1 year, the authors conducted a population-based longitudinal study of randomly selected employees in Alberta, Canada (January 2008 to November 2011). Participants without a current or lifetime diagnosis of MDD at baseline (n = 2,752) were followed for 1 year. MDD was assessed using the World Health Organization's Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Auto 2.1. The overall 1-year incidence of MDD was 3.6% (95% confidence interval: 2.8, 4.6); it was 2.9% (95% confidence interval: 1.9, 4.2) in men and 4.5% (95% confidence interval: 3.3, 6.2) in women. The relations between work environmental factors and MDD differed by sex. In men, high job strain increased the risk of MDD in those who worked 35-40 hours per week; job insecurity and family-to-work conflict were predictive of MDD. Women who worked 35-40 hours per week and reported job insecurity, a high effort-reward imbalance, and work-to-family conflict were at a higher risk of developing MDD. Job strain, effort-reward imbalance, job insecurity, and work-to-family conflicts are important risk factors for the onset of MDD and should be targets of primary prevention. However, these work environmental factors appear to operate differently in men and in women.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alberta', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Environment', 'Family', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Logistic Models', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Psychological Tests', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Workload']
| 22,556,191
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.107.567.176.064'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C24'], ['F04.711'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I03.946.225.500', 'N04.452.677.650.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Anti-oligomeric single chain variable domain antibody differentially affects huntingtin and alpha-synuclein aggregates.
|
Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases are both neurodegenerative disorders caused at least in part by misfolding and aggregation of huntingtin (htt) and alpha-synuclein, respectively. Here we use a single chain antibody fragment (scFv) isolated against oligomeric alpha-synuclein to probe similarities and differences between the aggregation and toxic mechanisms of htt and alpha-synuclein. When incubated with htt, the scFv both blocks formation of and promotes dissociation of fibrillar aggregates, but stabilizes formation of cytotoxic oligomeric aggregates. Previous studies with monomeric alpha-synuclein showed the scFv prevented fibrillar aggregation, but blocked toxicity of oligomeric aggregates. These divergent effects suggest the toxic mechanisms of oligomeric aggregates differ among amyloidogenic protein species.
|
['Biopolymers', 'Humans', 'Huntingtin Protein', 'Immunoglobulin Fragments', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'alpha-Synuclein']
| 18,230,361
|
[['D05.750.078', 'D25.720.099', 'J01.637.051.720.099'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.441'], ['D12.644.541.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['D12.776.631'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.631.860.500', 'D12.776.637.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Myocardial protection during coronary surgery. Getting the maximum advantage of both cardioplegia and hypothermia.
|
The author presents a specially timed protocol of a combination of cold cardioplegic arrest and deep total body hypothermia designed to include the best features and to eliminate some of the principal short-comings of these 2 commonly used methods of myocardial preservation. According to this protocol, the operations were divided into 3 periods: (1) About half the number of the peripheral anastomoses are done in the first period while the body is cooled to 20 degrees C and the during which the heart is in cold ischemic cardioplegic arrest. (2) Most or all proximal anastomoses are done in the second period during which body temperature is kept at 20 degrees C and the heart is in a per vias naturales perfused cold arrest. (3) During the third period, the remaining anastomoses are completed while the heart is again in cold ischemic cardioplegic arrest and the body is rewarmed. This method was used in excess of 100 myocardial revascularization procedures with satisfactory clinical results.
|
['Heart Arrest, Induced', 'Humans', 'Hypothermia, Induced', 'Myocardial Revascularization', 'Time Factors']
| 6,180,517
|
[['E04.100.376.374', 'E04.928.220.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.258.750'], ['E04.100.376.719', 'E04.928.220.520'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Treatment for calcaneal malunion.
|
BACKGROUND: Pain, limping, and deformity are the most common complications following calcaneal malunion which results from non-operative treatment for calcaneal fractures.OBJECTIVE: To introduce the experience of treating calcaneal fracture malunion.METHOD: Between December 2009 and April 2011, eleven patients with calcaneal malunion were treated operatively. Age of patients ranged between 23 and 40 years with an average 28.7. All of them were followed up with a mean 13.5 (9-18 months). Eight of them were right-sided and the other three were left-sided. All of them were male. The mechanism of trauma was fall from a height in all patients. All of them were treated non-operatively since the prime trauma. According to Stephens and Sanders classification, all of cases were type II. The extended lateral calcaneal "L" approach was used in all cases. Lateral wall exostectomy and peroneal tendons are decompressed below the tip of the lateral malleolus and in situ subtalar bone block arthrodesis was done.RESULT: The mean of American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society and pain score systems score was improved from 33 (19-44 points) preoperatively to 69 (42-83 points) postoperatively. The reported complications were superficial wound infection in two cases (18.18%) and reflex sympathetic dystrophy in three cases (27.27%).CONCLUSION: Calcaneal lateral wall exostectomy, peroneal tenolysis and subtalar joint arthrodesis is an efficient method to treat calcaneal malunion type II after calcaneal fracture by reshaping the calcaneal contour and recovering the hind foot function.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
|
['Adult', 'Arthrodesis', 'Calcaneus', 'Fractures, Malunited', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 23,412,236
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E04.555.100'], ['A02.835.232.043.300.710.300'], ['C26.404.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Efficient and rapid nucleosome traversal by RNA polymerase II depends on a combination of transcript elongation factors.
|
The nucleosome is generally found to be a strong barrier to transcript elongation by RNA polymerase II (pol II) in vitro. The elongation factors TFIIF and TFIIS have been shown to cooperate in maintaining pol II in the catalytically competent state on pure DNA templates. We now show that although TFIIF or TFIIS alone is modestly stimulatory for nucleosome traversal, both factors together increase transcription through nucleosomes in a synergistic manner. We also studied the effect of TFIIF and TFIIS on transcription of nucleosomes containing a Sin mutant histone. The Sin point mutations reduce critical histone-DNA contacts near the center of the nucleosome. Significantly, we found that nucleosomes with a Sin mutant histone are traversed to the same extent and at nearly the same rate as equivalent pure DNA templates if both TFIIS and TFIIF are present. Thus, the nucleosome is not necessarily an insurmountable barrier to transcript elongation by pol II. If unfolding of template DNA from the nucleosome surface is facilitated and the tendency of pol II to retreat from barriers is countered, transcription of nucleosomal templates can be rapid and efficient.
|
['Animals', 'Histones', 'Humans', 'Nucleosomes', 'Point Mutation', 'RNA Polymerase II', 'Transcription Factors, TFII', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Transcriptional Elongation Factors', 'Xenopus']
| 21,177,855
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180.625', 'D12.776.664.224.550', 'G05.360.160.180.625'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.270.762'], ['D12.776.260.775.875', 'D12.776.930.930.875'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D12.776.930.955'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gallbladder perforation: risk factors and outcome.
|
BACKGROUND: Gallbladder perforation is difficult to diagnose and is associated with significant morbidity. This study investigates factors affecting outcome in patients with gallbladder perforation over two decades.MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1982 to 2002 data from patients undergoing cholecystectomy at one institution were prospectively collected. Patients treated for gallbladder perforation and gangrenous cholecystitis were identified and outcomes were compared. The chi(2) test, Student's t-test, and Mann-Whitney rank sum test were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS: Two hundred eight of 11,360 patients who underwent cholecystectomy were diagnosed with gangrenous cholecystitis and 30 were diagnosed with gallbladder perforation. The perforation was contained in 9 and free in 21 patients. The diagnosis of gallbladder perforation was made preoperatively in 3% of patients. Men outnumbered women and Hispanics outnumbered Caucasians. Compared to patients with gangrenous cholecystitis, patients with gallbladder perforation presented at an older age (53 versus 60 years; P < 0.05), had more cardiovascular comorbidity (29% versus 50%; P < 0.05) and postoperative complications (19% versus 37%; P < 0.05), and required more ICU admissions (9% versus 33%; P < 0.001) and longer hospital stays (8 versus 13 days; P < 0.001). Early cholecystectomy within 24 h improved outcome (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Gallbladder perforation is a rare complication of cholelithiasis that occurs more often in men, Hispanics, and older patients. It is rarely diagnosed preoperatively. Late operative intervention is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, number of ICU admissions, and long postoperative hospital stays. An early cholecystectomy strategy may lead to improved outcomes but may be difficult to implement and may not be cost-effective.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Cholecystectomy', 'Cholecystitis', 'Cholelithiasis', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'Gallbladder Diseases', 'Gangrene', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors']
| 16,412,466
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.210.120.172'], ['C06.130.564.263'], ['C06.130.409'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C06.130.564'], ['C23.550.717.427'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in dogs with naturally acquired blastomycosis.
|
BACKGROUND: Hypovitaminosis D is common in humans with tuberculosis, and adequate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations may improve response to therapy. The pathomechanism of Blastomyces dermatitidis is similar to that of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but the 25(OH)D status of dogs with blastomycosis has not been investigated.OBJECTIVES: To determine if dogs with blastomycosis have lower 25(OH)D concentrations compared with healthy controls and to explore the prognostic value of 25(OH)D concentrations in blastomycosis.ANIMALS: 35 control dogs (16 client-owned, healthy dogs and 19 healthy, random-source hound mixes) and 22 dogs with blastomycosis.METHODS: Prospective study. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), ionized calcium were measured, and biochemistry and hematology profiles were performed. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were compared between groups, and factors associated with 25(OH)D variation were investigated in dogs with blastomycosis. Dogs with blastomycosis were followed for up to 5 years after discharge and factors associated with survival were investigated.RESULTS: Dogs with blastomycosis had significantly lower concentrations of 25(OH)D and PTH and higher concentrations of ionized calcium than did control dogs. In dogs with blastomycosis, 25(OH)D concentrations were independently associated with neutrophil count, pCO2 , and with bone and skin involvement. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was not associated with survival in dogs with blastomycosis, whereas lactate concentrations; bone, skin, and lymph node involvement; number of affected sites; and, presence of respiratory signs were associated with survival.CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Dogs with blastomycosis had lower 25(OH)D concentrations than did healthy controls. Despite no impact on survival, investigating the effect of 25(OH)D supplementation on recovery is warranted.
|
['Animals', 'Blastomycosis', 'Calcium', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Male', 'Parathyroid Hormone', 'Vitamin D']
| 30,079,575
|
[['B01.050'], ['C01.150.703.302.055', 'C01.150.703.534.350', 'C01.748.435.395', 'C01.800.200.055', 'C08.381.472.350', 'C08.730.435.395', 'C17.800.838.208.055'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D06.472.699.590', 'D12.644.548.587'], ['D04.210.500.812.768']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[The application of external fixation for the treatment of supracondylar femoral fracture after total knee replacement].
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore the external fixation for treatment of supracondylar femoral fractures after total knee replacement.METHODS: From June 2005 to July 2007, 7 cases of supracondylar femoral fracture after total knee replacement were treated with external fixation included 4 males and 3 females with an average age of 71 years ranging from 55 to 85 years. The fracture healing were observed and the knee function were evaluated by the HSS scoring.RESULTS: All patients were followed-up for 6 to 23 months with an average of 12.5 months. The fracture healing time was from 6 to 12 weeks after operation (averaged 8.5 weeks). During the followed-up period, there were no infection and loosening, only one case occurred nail crossing delayed healing of skin. The HSS knee score was (60.6 +/- 16.0) before treatment and (77.6 +/- 11.6) after treatment according to HSS knee score criteria, the results were excellent in 2 cases, good in 4, and fair in 1.CONCLUSION: Application of external fixation for treatment of supracondylar femoral fracture after total knee replacement, especially in poor physical condition, high age patients is a more appropriate treatment.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'External Fixators', 'Female', 'Femoral Fractures', 'Fracture Fixation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Recovery of Function', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,575,297
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['E07.858.442.660.430', 'E07.858.690.725.430'], ['C26.404.061', 'C26.558.276'], ['E04.555.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['G16.757'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Synthesis of polyaniline nanoparticles and their application for the removal of Crystal Violet dye by ultrasonicated adsorption process based on Response Surface Methodology.
|
The present study focuses the synthesis of polyaniline nanoparticles (PANP) by rapid mixing polymerization method. They were recognized by FTIR and SEM techniques. Moreover they were utilized for the removal of Crystal Violet (CV) dye by ultrasonicated adsorption process. It ensures a quick alternative method compared to other conventional processes, which led to enhancement of mass transfer by ultrasound waves. The effectiveness of the process was confirmed through the effect of certain conditions like sonication time, temperature, adsorbent dosage and CV concentrations. The validity of the process was estimated by various adsorption isotherms. Kinetics and thermodynamic studies was also conducted to authenticate the process. The optimum operating parameters (OOP) were evaluated by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) for the removal of CV dye. Moreover analysis of variances (ANOVA) was employed to estimate the significance of experimental variables. The predicated removal efficiency was found to be 94.29% which prove to be effectiveness of the process.
|
['Adsorption', 'Aniline Compounds', 'Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic', 'Coloring Agents', 'Diffusion', 'Gentian Violet', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Nanoparticles', 'Nanotechnology', 'Ultrasonic Waves', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 27,773,286
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D02.092.146'], ['E05.197', 'J01.897.836.249'], ['D27.720.233'], ['G01.202', 'G02.196'], ['D02.092.146.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['H01.603', 'J01.897.520.600'], ['G01.750.770.776.891'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synapse-glia interactions are governed by synaptic and intrinsic glial properties.
|
It is believed that glial cell activation and their interactions with synapses are predominantly dependent upon the characteristics of synaptic activity and the level of transmitter release. Because synaptic properties vary from one type of synapse to another, synapse-glia interactions should differ accordingly. The goal of this work was to examine how glial cell activation is dependent upon the properties of their respective synapses as well as the level of synaptic activity. We contrasted Ca(2+) responses of perisynaptic Schwann cells (PSCs) at neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) with different synaptic properties; the slow-twitch soleus (SOL) and the fast-twitch levator auris longus (LAL) muscles. Amplitude of PSC Ca(2+) responses elicited by repeated motor nerve stimulation at 40, 50 and 100 Hz were larger and their kinetics faster at LAL NMJs and this, at all frequencies examined. In addition, a greater number of PSCs per NMJ was activated by sustained synaptic transmission at NMJs of LAL in comparison to SOL. Differences in PSC activation could not be explained solely by differences in levels of transmitter release but also by intrinsic PSC properties since increasing transmitter release with tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) did not increase their responsiveness. As a whole, these results indicate that PSC responsiveness at NMJs of slow- and fast-twitch muscles differ not only according to the level of activity of their synaptic partner but also in accordance with inherent glial properties.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Animals', 'Calcium Signaling', 'Cell Communication', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch', 'Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Neuromuscular Junction', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Presynaptic Terminals', 'Schwann Cells', 'Synapses', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 20,188,148
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.820.800.100', 'G03.143.500.100', 'G04.835.800.100'], ['G04.085'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A10.690.552.500.500.600', 'A11.620.249.400'], ['A10.690.552.500.500.700', 'A11.620.249.700'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['A08.800.550.550.550', 'A08.850.550.550', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780.550.550'], ['G11.561.638'], ['A08.675.542.145.750', 'A08.850.700', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780.700', 'A11.671.137.750', 'A11.671.501.145.750'], ['A08.637.800', 'A08.800.800.690', 'A11.650.800'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of aeration on water quality from septic system leachfields.
|
We conducted a pilot-scale study at a research facility in southeastern Connecticut to assess the effects of leachfield aeration on removal of nutrients and pathogens from septic system effluent. Treatments consisted of lysimeters periodically aerated to maintain a headspace O(2) concentration of 0.209 mol mol(-1) (AIR) or vented to an adjacent leachfield trench (LEACH) and were replicated three times. All lysimeters were dosed with effluent from a septic tank for 24 mo at a rate of 12 cm d(-1) and subsequently for 2 mo at 4 cm d(-1). LEACH lysimeters had developed a clogging mat, or biomat, 20 mo before the beginning of our study. The level of aeration in the AIR treatment was held constant regardless of loading rate. No conventional biomat developed in the AIR treatment, whereas a biomat was present in the LEACH lysimeters. The headspace of LEACH lysimeters was considerably depleted in O(2) and enriched in CH(4), CO(2), and H(2)S relative to AIR lysimeters. Drainage water from AIR lysimeters was saturated with O(2) and had significantly lower pH, five-day biological oxygen demand (BOD(5)), and ammonium, and higher levels of nitrate and sulfate than LEACH lysimeters regardless of dosing rate. By contrast, significantly lower levels of total N and fecal coliform bacteria were observed in AIR than in LEACH lysimeters only at the higher dosing rate. No significant differences in total P removal were observed. Our results suggest that aeration may improve the removal of nitrogen, BOD(5), and fecal coliforms in leachfield soil, even in the absence of a biomat.
|
['Air', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Engineering', 'Enterobacteriaceae', 'Nitrogen', 'Oxygen', 'Phosphorus', 'Quality Control', 'Solubility', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid']
| 15,356,244
|
[['G16.500.275.063.150', 'N06.230.300.100.150'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['J01.293'], ['B03.440.450.425', 'B03.660.250.150'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D01.268.666'], ['J01.897.608'], ['G02.805'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Engagement of fatty acids with Toll-like receptor 2 drives interleukin-1â production via the ASC/caspase 1 pathway in monosodium urate monohydrate crystal-induced gouty arthritis.
|
OBJECTIVE: The concept that intraarticular crystals of uric acid by themselves trigger episodes of painful gouty arthritis is inconsistent with the clinical reality. Patients with large deposits of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals (tophi) do not necessarily experience gouty attacks. In fact, it is the excessive consumption of food or alcohol that elicits the inflammation of the acute gout attack. The aim of this study was to identify the precise mechanism that initiates flares of gouty arthritis.METHODS: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and murine macrophages were stimulated in vitro with MSU, free fatty acids (FFAs), or both in combination. Thereafter, production of interleukin-1â (IL-1â) and activation of caspase 1 were determined. Gouty arthritis was induced in mice with deficiencies in the genes for caspase 1, ASC, NALP3, or IL-1â, and the lack of inflammasome activity during joint swelling or other joint pathologic features was investigated in these mice.RESULTS: MSU crystals had no biologic effects on PBMCs from healthy subjects, whereas the FFA C18:0 in the presence of MSU crystals induced the release of large amounts of IL-1â following engagement of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2). Interaction of FFAs, but not alcohol, with TLR-2 synergized with MSU crystals to induce an inflammatory reaction. An important event of MSU/FFA-induced acute joint inflammation is the activation of the inflammasome. MSU/FFA-induced release of IL-1â was dependent on activation of caspase 1 and ASC, but surprisingly, not NALP3.CONCLUSION: The synergistic effect between FFAs and MSU crystals leads to ASC/caspase 1-driven IL-1â release. This mechanism could explain how constitutionally derived metabolic events initiate attacks of gout via the induction of IL-1â-mediated joint inflammation.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Arthritis, Gouty', 'CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins', 'Caspase 1', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytoskeletal Proteins', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Fatty Acids', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Knee Joint', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Signal Transduction', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Toll-Like Receptor 2', 'Uric Acid']
| 20,662,061
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['C05.550.114.423.410', 'C05.550.354.500.500', 'C05.799.414.410', 'C16.320.565.798.368.410', 'C18.452.648.798.368.410'], ['D12.644.360.024.131', 'D12.644.360.075.358', 'D12.776.157.057.006', 'D12.776.476.024.139', 'D12.776.476.075.358'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.550.100', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.550.100', 'D12.644.360.075.405.550.100', 'D12.776.476.075.405.550.100'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.220'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D10.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.200'], ['D03.132.960.877', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.877']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Pathomorphosis of personality changes in patients with epilepsy].
|
Psychical features of 600 epileptic patients aged 5 to 40 were investigated in a long term clinical follow-up. Social changes, environmental factors, education faults had major effects on the patients. Classical personality traits were subject to a considerable pathomorphosis in these patients. Along with some positive traits as accuracy, economy, marked were egoism, egocentrism, dependency trends and other negative traits preventing social adaptation. The author stresses that correct education is crucial for prevention of pathological personality changes. This requires joint efforts of psychiatrists, teachers and sociologists.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Epilepsy', 'Family', 'Humans', 'Neurocognitive Disorders', 'Personality Disorders', 'Social Environment']
| 2,781,943
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.615'], ['F03.675'], ['I01.880.853.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Ultrastructural changes of mast cells in the nasal mucosa in patients with pollinosis].
|
The ultrastructural changes of mast cells in nasal mucosa taken from patients with pollinosis during pollen season were observed by electron microscopy. The main features of degranulation were as follows: 1. swelling of granules with lower electron density; 2. disappearance of the perigranular membrane; 3. vacuoles found in cytoplasm of the mast cells. It is suggested that the mast cells in the nasal mucosa play a more important role in nasal allergy.
|
['Humans', 'Mast Cells', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Nasal Mucosa', 'Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal']
| 2,031,729
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A04.531.520', 'A04.760.600', 'A10.615.550.760.600'], ['C08.460.799.315.750', 'C08.674.453.750', 'C09.603.799.315.750', 'C20.543.480.680.443.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Residual amounts of glycoprotein Ib concomitant with near-absence of glycoprotein IX in platelets of Bernard-Soulier patients.
|
A study of the Bernard-Soulier syndrome in two unrelated families using different polyclonal antibodies in a sensitive immunoblot assay showed residual amounts of platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) lb in the eight homozygotes, as well as the near-absence of GPlb beta and GPIX. The eight heterozygotes studied showed a double band pattern for GPlb and about half the normal level of GPlb beta and GPIX. Therefore, we conclude that the Bernard-Soulier syndrome is heterogeneous and is probably not due to gene deletions.
|
['Bernard-Soulier Syndrome', 'Blood Platelet Disorders', 'Blood Platelets', 'Homozygote', 'Humans', 'Immunoassay', 'Pedigree', 'Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins']
| 3,416,070
|
[['C15.378.100.100.080', 'C15.378.140.120', 'C15.378.463.080', 'C16.320.099.080'], ['C15.378.140'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['G05.380.554'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['E05.393.673'], ['D12.776.395.550.625', 'D12.776.543.550.625', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Recovery and kinetic characteristics of desflurane and sevoflurane in volunteers after 8-h exposure, including kinetics of degradation products.
|
BACKGROUND: Desflurane and sevoflurane permit speedier changes in anesthetic partial pressures than do older halogenated anesthetics. The authors determined the kinetic characteristics of desflurane and sevoflurane and those of compound A [CH2F-O-C(=CF2)(CF3)], a nephrotoxic degradation product of sevoflurane.METHODS: Volunteers received 1.25 minimum alveolar concentration of desflurane or sevoflurane, each administered for 8 h in a fresh gas inflow of 2 l/min. Inspired (F(I)) and end-tidal (F(A)) concentrations of anesthetic and compound A were measured during administration, and F(A) relative to F(A0) (the last end-tidal concentration during administration) during elimination. The indices of recovery were also measured.RESULTS: The ratio F(I)/F(A) rapidly approached 1.0, with values greater for sevoflurane (desflurane 1.06 +/- 0.01 vs. sevoflurane 1.11 +/- 0.02, mean +/- SD). The ratio F(A)/F(I) for compound A was approximately 0.8. The F(A)/F(A0) ratio decreased slightly more rapidly with desflurane than with sevoflurane, and objective measures indicated faster recovery with desflurane: The initial response to command (14 +/- 4 min vs. 28 +/- 8 min [means +/- SD]) and orientation (19 +/- 4 vs. 33 +/- 9 min) was quicker, and recovery was faster as defined by results of the Digit Symbol Substitution, P-deletion, and Trieger tests. Desflurane produced less vomiting (1 [0.5, 3]; median [quartiles] episodes) than did sevoflurane (5 [2.5, 7.5] episodes). The F(A)/F(A0) ratio for compound A decreased within 5 min to a constant value of 0.1.CONCLUSIONS: These anesthetics have kinetics consistent with their solubilities. Sevoflurane's greater biodegradation probably increases F(I)/F(A) differences during anesthetic administration and decreases F(A)/F(A0) differences during elimination. The F(A) for compound A differs from F(I) by 20% (F(A)/F(I) = 0.8) because of substantial degradation. Recovery from anesthesia proceeds nearly twice as fast with desflurane than with sevoflurane. Differences in ventilation, or alveolar or tissue elimination, do not completely explain the slower recovery with sevoflurane.
|
['Anesthetics, Inhalation', 'Desflurane', 'Ethers', 'Humans', 'Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated', 'Isoflurane', 'Male', 'Methyl Ethers', 'Sevoflurane', 'Time Factors']
| 9,316,955
|
[['D27.505.696.277.100.035.060', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.035.060'], ['D02.355.417.166', 'D02.355.601.325', 'D02.455.526.510.213'], ['D02.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.526.510'], ['D02.355.601.570'], ['D02.355.601'], ['D02.355.601.810', 'D02.455.526.510.717'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The relationship between serum biotin and oxidant/antioxidant activities in bovine lameness.
|
Serum biotin concentrations, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), reduced glutathione (GSH) and plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured in 36 dairy cows, 18 of them were healthy and served as control. In the 18 cows with lameness problems, there were 5 cows with interdigital necrobacillosis, 5 cows with subsolar abscessation, 2 cows with solar ulcers, 2 cows with white line disease, 2 cows with chronic laminitis and 2 cows with septic arthritis. The degree of lameness was estimated to be slight in 3 cows, moderate in 11 cows and severe in 4 cows. Plasma fibrinogen levels and TBARS concentrations were increased significantly (P?0.05) in lame cows compared to control group. The antioxidant enzymes GSH-Px, and CAT concentrations were increased significantly (P?0.05) in lame cows. The level of reduced glutathione and the activity of SOD were significantly decreased in affected cows compared to healthy ones. Serum biotin levels in healthy cows ranged from 2.25 to 3.5ng/ml while in lame cows, biotin levels ranged from 1.17 to 2.3ng/ml. Biotin levels correlated positively with blood GSH (r=0.870, P?0.05), (r=0.735, P?0.05) and with GSH-Px (r=0.539, P?0.05), (r=0.637, P?0.05) and with SOD (r=0.637, P?0.05), (r=0.449, P?0.05) and with catalase (r=0.533, P?0.05), (r=0.585, P?0.05) in both healthy and lameness affected subjects, respectively.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Biotin', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Catalase', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Female', 'Fibrinogen', 'Glutathione', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Lameness, Animal', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances']
| 21,074,230
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D03.383.129.308.080', 'D08.211.096'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['C22.510'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['D02.047.700.700', 'D27.720.470.410.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Ultrastructure of the mitotic nuclei in Leishmania mexicana ssp. Tridimensional reconstruction of the mitotic spindle and dense plaques].
|
The ultrastructure of mitotic nuclei of the promastigote Leishmania mexicana ssp. was studied by serial thin sections and three-dimensional reconstructions of each divisional stage. At the beginning of nuclear division (equatorial stage), a set of six dense plaques located about the equatorial region of the nucleus and a microtubular spindle develops in the two opposing poles of the nucleus (two sets of polar microtubules). The microtubular mitotic spindle is entirely intranuclear with the nuclear membrane persisting through mitosis. The polar spindle consists of a discrete bundle of about 50 microtubules and the equatorial spindle is formed by about 100 microtubules. The spindle may contain several continuous microtubules, but no microtubular organizing centres were observed in association with the spindle. The plaques and hemiplaques are associated with microtubular bundles; some of the spindle microtubules converge on kinetochore-like plaques. It is suggested that the spindle has a special significance in the physiology of mitosis. The two sets of hemiplaques may guide the separation of the daughter genomes. At the beginning of the elongational stage the mitotic plaques split into halves and each set of half-plaques migrates to one pole. It is concluded that the dense plaques play a kinetochore-like role and thus Leishmania mexicana ssp. may have six chromosomal units. Mitotic events of this species are essentially similar to those of Trypanosoma cruzi.
|
['Animals', 'Leishmania mexicana', 'Mitosis', 'Spindle Apparatus']
| 3,222,496
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.268.475.868.488.410'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.820']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of the p53 homologue p63alpha and deltaNp63alpha in normal and neoplastic cells.
|
A burgeoning family of p53-related genes have been described recently, including p73 and p63. Both these genes encode proteins with many similarities to p53 but also with the potential for forming a range of related species by alternative promoter usage and alternative splicing. In order to begin the characterization of p63, we generated a polyclonal serum (designated SC1) that recognizes the C-terminus of p63alpha. We have shown that this reagent recognizes p63alpha but not p53 nor p73. By western blot analysis both p63alpha and the N-terminal truncated form of p63alpha (DeltaNp63alpha) were found in a range of cell lines. Similar immunoblot analysis of tissues reveals considerable complexity with at least four SC1-immunoreactive isoforms being identified. In immunohistological studies SC1 immunoreactivity is widely detectable, being predominantly associated with proliferative compartments in epithelia. However, non-proliferative populations can also show SC1 immunostaining. No simple relationship between the isoforms identified by immunoblotting of tissue lysates and the tissue immunostaining characteristics was identified. A previously unrecognized species intermediate in mobility between p63alpha and DeltaNp63alpha was found in several tissues, including nerve and peripheral blood lymphocytes. Interestingly, there is suppression of p63alpha expression in HaCat cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner after UV and MMS treatment. Our data provide further information about the complexity of p63 and the SC1 serum will prove to be a useful tool in further studies of this p53 homologue.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Blood Proteins', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Division', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Genes, Tumor Suppressor', 'Humans', 'Immune Sera', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mitomycin', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Organ Specificity', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Trans-Activators', 'Transcription Factors', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 10,657,951
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.124'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A12.207.152.846.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573', 'D20.215.401'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D02.806.400.249.350', 'D03.383.097.500.350', 'D03.633.100.473.412.249.350'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.631'], ['G07.650'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.776.744'], ['D12.776.800'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['D12.776.930'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.776.624.776'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Ions Modulate Stress-Induced Nanotexture in Supported Fluid Lipid Bilayers.
|
Most plasma membranes comprise a large number of different molecules including lipids and proteins. In the standard fluid mosaic model, the membrane function is effected by proteins whereas lipids are largely passive and serve solely in the membrane cohesion. Here we show, using supported 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine lipid bilayers in different saline solutions, that ions can locally induce ordering of the lipid molecules within the otherwise fluid bilayer when the latter is supported. This nanoordering exhibits a characteristic length scale of ?20 nm, and manifests itself clearly when mechanical stress is applied to the membrane. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements in aqueous solutions containing NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, and Tris buffer show that the magnitude of the effect is strongly ion-specific, with Ca2+ and Tris, respectively, promoting and reducing stress-induced nanotexturing of the membrane. The AFM results are complemented by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments, which reveal an inverse correlation between the tendency for molecular nanoordering and the diffusion coefficient within the bilayer. Control AFM experiments on other lipids and at different temperatures support the hypothesis that the nanotexturing is induced by reversible, localized gel-like solidification of the membrane. These results suggest that supported fluid phospholipid bilayers are not homogenous at the nanoscale, but specific ions are able to locally alter molecular organization and mobility, and spatially modulate the membrane's properties on a length scale of ?20 nm. To illustrate this point, AFM was used to follow the adsorption of the membrane-penetrating antimicrobial peptide Temporin L in different solutions. The results confirm that the peptides do not absorb randomly, but follow the ion-induced spatial modulation of the membrane. Our results suggest that ionic effects have a significant impact for passively modulating the local properties of biological membranes, when in contact with a support such as the cytoskeleton.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents', 'Calcium Chloride', 'Glycerylphosphorylcholine', 'Ions', 'Lipid Bilayers', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Nanostructures', 'Phosphatidylcholines', 'Potassium Chloride', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Surface Properties', 'Temperature', 'Tromethamine']
| 28,746,853
|
[['D27.505.954.122'], ['D01.146.300', 'D01.210.450.150.150'], ['D02.033.800.875.750.449', 'D09.853.875.750.449', 'D10.570.755.375.760.400.386', 'D10.570.755.375.760.400.800.806.500'], ['D01.248.497'], ['D10.570.510', 'J01.637.087.500.510'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['J01.637.512'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.800'], ['D01.210.450.150.750', 'D01.745.625'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['G01.374.835'], ['G02.860'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D02.033.455.706.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effortful control, exposure to community violence, and aggressive behavior: Exploring cross-lagged relations in adolescence.
|
Self-regulation processes and violent contexts play an important role in predicting adolescents' aggressive behavior; less clear is how all three constructs are linked to each other over time. The present study examined the longitudinal relations among adolescents' self-reported effortful control (EC), exposure to community violence, both as a witness and as a victim, and aggressive behavior. Participants were 768 Italian adolescents (358 males) living in a high-risk context, with a mean age at T1 of 11 years in the younger cohort and 14 years in the older cohort. In a four-wave cross-lagged panel design, low EC was a strong predictor of aggressive behavior across each time point, whereas aggressive behavior was found to positively predict adolescents' violence exposure both as witnesses and victims. Some evidence of transactional relations was also found between adjustment problems and exposure to community violence and between EC and externalizing problems. Moreover, EC was indirectly related to exposure to violence through externalizing problems, and mediated the relation of witnessing community violence to aggression, thus supporting the view that top-down regulatory processes play a complex role in the development of violence and other externalizing problems. The importance of considering interventions that take in account these complex relations is discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adolescent Behavior', 'Aggression', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Residence Characteristics', 'Risk Factors', 'Violence']
| 28,603,851
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.145.022'], ['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Faunistic analysis of sharpshooters (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae) in a 'Westin' sweet orange orchard.
|
The purpose of this study was to analyze sharpshooter fauna in a five-year-old 'Westin' sweet orange orchard. Yellow sticky traps were placed on the edge of a forest, and on the periphery and inside the citrus stand. The traps were evaluated fortnightly, for three years. The most frequent species were Acrogonia citrina Marucci & Cavichioli, Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Berg), and Oncometopia facialis (Signoret). B. xanthophis occurred more in the forest edge, especially on spring and winter. A. citrina occurred most frequently in the forest edge, especially on spring. The highest incidence of O. facialis was inside the citrus stand, on spring and summer. Other cicadellids occurred more often in the forest edge, especially on summer. A. citrina, B. xanthophis, Dilobopterus costalimai Young, and O. facialis were predominant in all places studied. A. citrina, B. xanthophis and O. facialis were super dominant, super abundant, super frequent, and constant, except inside the stand, where B. xanthophis was dominant, very abundant, very frequent, and constant. D. costalimai and Homalodisca ignorata Melichar were dominant, very abundant, and very frequent in the forest edge and in the periphery of the stand, and D. costalimai was also predominant inside the stand. Scopogonalia subolivacea (St?l) was predominant in the forest edge and inside the stand, while Plesiommata corniculata Young was predominant in the periphery (both were dominant, very abundant, very frequent, and accessory).
|
['Animals', 'Brazil', 'Citrus sinensis', 'Hemiptera', 'Insect Vectors', 'Population Density', 'Seasons', 'Species Specificity']
| 18,813,748
|
[['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.875.177.769'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.412'], ['N06.850.335.188.100.500', 'N06.850.520.203.375.100.500'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Cloning of a gene encoding a lupus-associated human autoantibody VK region using the polymerase chain reaction and degenerate primers.
|
The variable light-chain-encoding gene of a human autoantibody secreted by a B-cell hybridoma derived from a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction and degenerate primers. After cloning, the nucleotide sequence of the EcoRI-HindIII region was determined. It is highly homologous to a previously described gene expressed by a human lymphoid cell line.
|
['Autoantibodies', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin Variable Region', 'Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid']
| 1,905,262
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.541.500.650.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.797', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.797', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.797', 'G02.111.570.060.425'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.750.530', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.750.530', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.750.530'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Total synthesis of (+/-)-kellermanoldione: stepwise cycloaddition of a functionalized diene and allenoate.
|
The total synthesis of the diterpene kellermanoldione 1 is reported. Stepwise [4 + 2] cycloaddition of the ketal diene 8 and the allenoate 3 afforded the exo adduct 10x as the major product. It was converted into 1 via six steps, among them a key nonconjugative hydrolysis of a gamma-methylene silyl enol ether.
|
['Catalysis', 'Cyclization', 'Diterpenes', 'Molecular Structure', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Polyenes', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 19,655,733
|
[['G02.130'], ['G02.111.180', 'G02.607.133', 'G03.208'], ['D02.455.849.291'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['B01.650.560'], ['D02.455.326.271.665'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Magnetic carbon nanotube modified with polymeric deep eutectic solvent for the solid phase extraction of bovine serum albumin.
|
This article described the fabrication of novel magnetic carbon nanotube modified with polymeric deep eutectic solvent (M-CNT@PDES) and its application as extractant for the magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) of bovine serum albumin (BSA). The physicochemical properties and morphology of M-CNT@PDES were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), zeta potentials, fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Afterwards, several parameters such as pH value, initial concentration of BSA, extraction time, ionic strength and extraction temperature were optimized. The results indicated that the modification of PDES significantly improved the extraction performance for BSA, and the maximum extraction capacity was 225.15 mg/g under the optimized conditions. In addition, 0.20 mol/L NaCl-PBS solution was chosen as the appropriate eluent, and favourable elution rate (81.22%) was obtained. Circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD) indicated that the secondary structure of BSA has not changed during extraction and elution. The regenerative experiment and application in real calf serum confirmed the outstanding durability and practical application ability of M-CNT@PDES. All of above verified that the proposed M-CNT@PDES coupled with MSPE method has great application potential for the pre-concentration of biomolecules.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Limit of Detection', 'Magnetic Phenomena', 'Nanotubes, Carbon', 'Quaternary Ammonium Compounds', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine', 'Solid Phase Extraction', 'Solvents', 'Xylitol']
| 31,514,903
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['G01.358'], ['D01.268.150.250.500', 'J01.637.512.850.500'], ['D01.625.062.500', 'D02.092.877', 'D02.675.276'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875'], ['E05.196.155.800'], ['D27.720.844'], ['D02.033.800.936', 'D09.853.936']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
High frequency of thyroid dysfunction in patients with vitiligo.
|
An association between vitiligo and autoimmune thyroid disease has previously been suspected. This study was undertaken to determine the frequency and type of thyroid disease in 35 consecutive patients admitted because of vitiligo compared with a matched control group. One or more signs of thyroid disease was demonstrated in 15 out of 35 patients (43%) with vitiligo, as compared to 7 out of 35 (20%) in the matched control group (p = 0.04). Thyroid dysfunction - 6 patients with hyperthyroidism and 2 with hypothyroidism - was found in 8 out of 35 patients, as compared to no patient in the control group (p = 0.003). Nine patients had thyroid autoantibodies, compared to 2 controls, and 6 had an enlarged thyroid gland, compared to 5 subjects in the control group. There appears to be an increased frequency of clinical as well as subclinical thyroid disease in patients with vitiligo. Our findings support the theory of vitiligo being an autoimmune disease and indicate a need for screening vitiligo patients for thyroid disease.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Autoantibodies', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Female', 'Goiter', 'Graves Disease', 'Humans', 'Iodide Peroxidase', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Thyroid Diseases', 'Thyroiditis, Autoimmune', 'Vitiligo']
| 7,911,617
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['C20.111'], ['C19.874.283'], ['C11.675.349.500', 'C19.874.283.605', 'C19.874.397.370', 'C20.111.555'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.732.525'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C19.874'], ['C19.874.871.102', 'C20.111.809'], ['C17.800.621.440.895']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Expectations from the TraumaNetwork DGU®: Which goals have been achieved? What can be improved?].
|
INTRODUCTION: Following the establishment of the first trauma networks in 2009 an almost nationwide certification could be achieved. Despite the impressive number of 46 certified networks, little is known about the actual improvements and the satisfaction of the participating hospitals.OBJECTIVES: This article aims to give a first representative overview of the expectations and actual achievements.MATERIAL AND METHODS: An online survey with a total of 36 questions was conducted in 884 hospitals. The questionnaire could be filled out online, sent by post or fax to the AKUT- Office. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed with Microsoft Excel.RESULTS: With 326 responses, a response rate of 48.9% of all active hospitals was achieved. Of the participating hospitals 64.1% (209) were certified and had taken part in the project for an average of 3.9 years. The average score for satisfaction was 2.3, 72.4% (236) felt that there was a need for improvement in the care of severely injured patients and 46.6% (152) in the transfer of patients. In 47.2% (142) no improvement in cooperation with the ambulance service could be determined, 25.2% (82) documented an increase in the number of severely injured patients since participating in the trauma network (TNW-DGU) and 93.9% (306) of all hospitals wanted to participate in the trauma network in the future.DISCUSSION: It could be shown that important goals, such as simplification of patient transfer or general improvement in cooperation have been achieved. Overall there was a high level of satisfaction among the participating hospitals; however, the survey has identified some points which need to be improved by further intensive work.
|
['Germany', 'Hospital Administration', 'Hospitals', 'Humans', 'Interinstitutional Relations', 'Organizational Objectives', 'Orthopedics', 'Traumatology', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 25,135,704
|
[['Z01.542.315'], ['H02.309', 'N02.278.216.500', 'N04.452.442.452'], ['N02.278.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.452.822.400'], ['N04.452.615'], ['H02.403.810.494'], ['H02.403.810.850'], ['C26']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Evidence that processing of ribonucleotides in DNA by topoisomerase 1 is leading-strand specific.
|
Ribonucleotides incorporated during DNA replication are removed by RNase H2-dependent ribonucleotide excision repair (RER). In RER-defective yeast, topoisomerase 1 (Top1) incises DNA at unrepaired ribonucleotides, initiating their removal, but this is accompanied by RNA-DNA-damage phenotypes. Here we show that these phenotypes are incurred by a high level of ribonucleotides incorporated by a leading strand-replicase variant, DNA polymerase (Pol) ?, but not by orthologous variants of the lagging-strand replicases, Pols á or ä. Moreover, loss of both RNases H1 and H2 is lethal in combination with increased ribonucleotide incorporation by Pol ? but not by Pols á or ä. Several explanations for this asymmetry are considered, including the idea that Top1 incision at ribonucleotides relieves torsional stress in the nascent leading strand but not in the nascent lagging strand, in which preexisting nicks prevent the accumulation of superhelical tension.
|
['DNA', 'DNA Polymerase II', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA Topoisomerases, Type I', 'Ribonucleotides', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins']
| 25,751,426
|
[['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.230'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D08.811.399.403.483', 'D12.776.157.687.375', 'D12.776.660.720.375'], ['D13.695.827'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A soil actinobacterium scavenges atmospheric H2 using two membrane-associated, oxygen-dependent [NiFe] hydrogenases.
|
In the Earth's lower atmosphere, H2 is maintained at trace concentrations (0.53 ppmv/0.40 nM) and rapidly turned over (lifetime ? 2.1 y(-1)). It is thought that soil microbes, likely actinomycetes, serve as the main global sink for tropospheric H2. However, no study has ever unambiguously proven that a hydrogenase can oxidize this trace gas. In this work, we demonstrate, by using genetic dissection and sensitive GC measurements, that the soil actinomycete Mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2)155 constitutively oxidizes subtropospheric concentrations of H2. We show that two membrane-associated, oxygen-dependent [NiFe] hydrogenases mediate this process. Hydrogenase-1 (Hyd1) (MSMEG_2262-2263) is well-adapted to rapidly oxidize H2 at a range of concentrations [Vmax(app) = 12 nmol?g?dw(-1)?min(-1); Km(app) = 180 nM; threshold = 130 pM in the Ähyd23 (Hyd1 only) strain], whereas Hyd2 (MSMEG_2719-2720) catalyzes a slower-acting, higher-affinity process [Vmax(app) = 2.5 nmol?g?dw(-1)?min(-1); Km(app) = 50 nM; threshold = 50 pM in the Ähyd13 (Hyd2 only) strain]. These observations strongly support previous studies that have linked group 5 [NiFe] hydrogenases (e.g., Hyd2) to the oxidation of tropospheric H2 in soil ecosystems. We further reveal that group 2a [NiFe] hydrogenases (e.g., Hyd1) can contribute to this process. Hydrogenase expression and activity increases in carbon-limited cells, suggesting that scavenging of trace H2 helps to sustain dormancy. Distinct physiological roles for Hyd1 and Hyd2 during the adaptation to this condition are proposed. Soil organisms harboring high-affinity hydrogenases may be especially competitive, given that they harness a highly dependable fuel source in otherwise unstable environments.
|
['Atmosphere', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Hydrogen', 'Hydrogenase', 'Mycobacterium smegmatis', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxygen', 'Soil Microbiology']
| 24,591,586
|
[['G16.500.275.063', 'N06.230.300.100'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['D01.268.406', 'D01.362.340'], ['D08.811.682.400'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.720.662', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.720.662'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Direct One-Step Fluorescent Labeling of O-GlcNAc-Modified Proteins in Live Cells Using Metabolic Intermediates.
|
The modification of proteins with O-linked N-acetylglucosamine ( O-GlcNAc) by the enzyme O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) has emerged as an important regulator of cellular physiology. Metabolic labeling strategies to monitor O-GlcNAcylation in cells have proven of great value for uncovering the molecular roles of O-GlcNAc. These strategies rely on two-step labeling procedures, which limits the scope of experiments that can be performed. Here, we report on the creation of fluorescent uridine 5'-diphospho- N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) analogues in which the N-acyl group of glucosamine is modified with a suitable linker and fluorophore. Using human OGT, we show these donor sugar substrates permit direct monitoring of OGT activity on protein substrates in vitro. We show that feeding cells with a corresponding fluorescent metabolic precursor for the last step of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) leads to its metabolic assimilation and labeling of O-GlcNAcylated proteins within live cells. This one-step metabolic feeding strategy permits labeling of O-GlcNAcylated proteins with a fluorescent glucosamine-nitrobenzoxadiazole (GlcN-NBD) conjugate that accumulates in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Because no genetic engineering of cells is required, we anticipate this strategy should be generally amenable to studying the roles of O-GlcNAc in cellular physiology as well as to gain an improved understanding of the regulation of OGT within cells. The further expansion of this one-step in-cell labeling strategy should enable performing a range of experiments including two-color pulse chase experiments and monitoring OGT activity on specific protein substrates in live cells.
|
['Acetylglucosamine', 'Fluorescence', 'Glycosylation', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Molecular Structure', 'N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases']
| 30,296,064
|
[['D09.067.342.531.050'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['G02.111.158.812', 'G02.607.299', 'G03.191.812'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D08.811.913.400.100.250']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Spectral analysis and high-performance liquid chromatography of the cis-trans geometrical isomers of 5,6-Epoxyretinal.
|
Spectral characterization of 5,6-epoxyretinal isomers (II) prepared by a regioselective epoxidation of the parent retinal isomers have been described. High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of epoxyretinals and a photoisomerization behavior of all-trans-5,6-epoxyretinals (IIa) have been investigated.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Photochemistry', 'Retinaldehyde', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Vitamin A']
| 6,886,834
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['H01.181.529.711'], ['D02.047.850', 'D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.690', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.690', 'D02.455.849.131.495.690', 'D02.455.849.291.605', 'D23.767.261.700.690'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818', 'D02.455.849.291.925', 'D23.767.261.700.860']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Localization of gene expression of calbindin in the brain of adult rats.
|
Localization of gene expression of calbindin, a cytosolic calcium-binding protein, was examined throughout the adult rat brain by in situ hybridization with cDNA probes. The gene was expressed most intensely in the Purkinje cells in the cerebellum, intensely in the granule cells of the dentate gyrus, and moderately in the inferior olivary nucleus, in the nuclei of the trapezoid body, in the medial part of the lateral habenular nuclei, entorhinal cortex and in the mammillary nuclei. In addition, weak expression of the gene was widespread in the forebrain and brainstem gray matter, and also in small cells in the spinal posterior horn as well as the ependymal cells. The widespread and heterogeneous expression of the gene in the brain suggests that calbindin is differentially involved in calcium-regulated phenomena in different neurons.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Calbindins', 'Gene Expression', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Male', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'S100 Calcium Binding Protein G', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 1,608,531
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D12.776.157.125.090'], ['G05.297'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.157.125.090.500', 'D12.776.157.125.750.750'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Brachial plexus meningioma, report of a case with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examination.
|
Peripheral nerve meningiomas are exceedingly rare neoplasms of controversial origin; only four cases have been reported. Proposed origins of ectopic meningiomas include extradural trapping of arachnoid cells during embryogenesis, ectopic migration of arachnoid cell nests with the developing peripheral nerve, and metaplasia of mature peripheral nerve sheath cells or a common progenitor cell. In this report of a meningioma of the brachial plexus, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examinations of the tumor matched all the criteria of a traditional meningioma but failed to clarify the origins of such neoplasms.
|
['Brachial Plexus', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Meningioma', 'Middle Aged', 'Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms']
| 2,711,832
|
[['A08.800.800.720.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.557.580.520', 'C04.557.645.520', 'C04.588.614.250.580.500', 'C10.551.240.500.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.614.596', 'C10.551.775', 'C10.668.829.725']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Complex-irreversibility and evolution.
|
Both, irreversibility and evolution, imply order in time. It is argued that the only possible concept of time is a 'system-specific time', and that order in time is convertible into order in space and vice-versa. While life-less, complex systems are irreversible because of their complexity and, hence, not repeatable, living systems are reproduced by irreversible copy-reproduction and by coding. This mode of reproduction results of necessity in an arrow of time of growth and increasing complexity with death as its antagonist, and in obligatory spatial asymmetry. This arrow of increasing organic complexity is simultaneous with, and independent of, the arrow of increasing entropy. - A generalized, organic hierarchy is proposed as the model to study higher evolution. This hierarchy reproduces itself by differential rates of reproduction of its subunits within and between the various hierarchical levels of organization. Phylogenetic change is brought about by a change in this hierarchy's specific phase pattern of growth. Continuous and discrete organization is defined, and it is shown that specific relations between continuous and discrete levels within the hierarchy result in accumulation of neutral alleles. This accumulation is due to complex-irreversibility and causes genetic stabilisation, i.e. heritability, of the species-specific morphology of organisms.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Biological Evolution', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA, Single-Stranded', 'Genetic Code', 'Genetic Variation', 'Models, Genetic', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid']
| 6,873,230
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['G05.360.335'], ['G05.365'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A disposition kinetic study of Tramadol in bile duct ligated rats in perfused rat liver model.
|
Tramadol hydrochloride is a centrally acting synthetic opioid analgesic drug and is used to treat chronic pain. In this study, the effects of Bile Duct Ligation (BDL) on the pharmacokinetics of tramadol in a liver recirculating perfusion system of male rats were used. Twenty-four Wistar male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, sham and two weeks BDL and four weeks BDL. Serum levels of liver enzymes were measured before perfusion and the pharmacokinetics of tramadol was evaluated by using liver recirculating perfusion system. Tramadol and metabolites concentrations were determined by HPLC-FL. The sharp increase in liver enzymes level in both BDL groups was observed and significant changes were also observed in liver weight and volume. Tramadol metabolites concentration significantly decreased compared with the control and sham group (P<0.05). The decrease in the hepatic metabolism of tramadol and increase in the half-life of the elimination of tramadol in rats with BDL suggests that personalized treatment and the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) data examination are necessary for patients with bile duct diseases and the dose of tramadol should be accordingly adjusted.
|
['Animals', 'Bile Ducts', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Kinetics', 'Ligation', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Perfusion', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Tramadol']
| 28,460,228
|
[['B01.050'], ['A03.159.183'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E04.426'], ['A03.620'], ['E05.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D02.033.415.510.500.802', 'D02.092.668.387.750', 'D10.289.510.500.802']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Microstructural Evaluation of Contaminated Implant Surface Treated by Laser, Photodynamic Therapy, and Chlorhexidine 2 percent.
|
PURPOSE: Decontamination of the rough surfaces of dental implants is a challenge in the treatment of peri-implantitis. An acceptable cleaning technique must be able to debride and detoxify the surface without traumatizing it. This study assessed the possible implant surface alterations following decontamination with laser, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and application of chlorhexidine (CHX).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 16 dental implants with sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched surfaces, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was cultured on the surfaces of 15 implants for 48 hours. These 15 implants were divided into five groups of three and were subjected to erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation, 630 nm light-emitting diode and toluidine blue O photosensitizer, 810 nm diode laser, and indocyanine green-based photosensitizer, 2% CHX, and control group (no treatment). One implant remained intact. The morphology and element/phase identification of the implants were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.RESULTS: The SEM images and EDS maps revealed that the decontamination methods did not alter the surface quality of the implants. However, in photodynamic therapy, sodium chloride that remained from rinsing liquid can make an adhesive layer on the surface of the treated implants.CONCLUSION: Er:YAG laser irradiation and PDT did not alter the surfaces of sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched implants.
|
['Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans', 'Anti-Infective Agents, Local', 'Biofilms', 'Chlorhexidine', 'Coloring Agents', 'Decontamination', 'Dental Implants', 'Humans', 'Indocyanine Green', 'Lasers, Semiconductor', 'Lasers, Solid-State', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Peri-Implantitis', 'Photochemotherapy', 'Photosensitizing Agents', 'Surface Properties', 'Tolonium Chloride']
| 30,231,087
|
[['B03.440.450.600.224.500', 'B03.660.250.550.170.500'], ['D27.505.954.122.187'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['D02.078.370.141.100'], ['D27.720.233'], ['N06.850.780.325'], ['D25.339.312', 'E06.780.346.593', 'E07.695.185', 'J01.637.051.339.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473.400'], ['E07.632.490.480', 'E07.710.520.480'], ['E07.632.490.490', 'E07.710.520.490'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['C07.465.714.282'], ['E02.186.500', 'E02.319.685', 'E02.774.722'], ['D27.505.954.444.600', 'D27.505.954.600.710'], ['G02.860'], ['D02.886.369.869', 'D03.633.300.783.869']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Isolated follicle-stimulating hormone deficiency in a woman with X chromosomal mosaicism.
|
Primary amenorrhea was observed in a 40-year-old woman with a proportionate female habitus. Serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) (71 to 97 mIU/ml) and estradiol (less than 10 pg/ml) were in the postmenopausal range, while follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) remained at the lower limit of detection (1 to 6 mIU/ml). LH was found to be biologically active in a mouse Leydig cell testosterone production assay. Chromosomal analysis revealed three major cell lines: 5% 45,X; 83% 46,XX; and 3% 47,XXX. The remaining cells showed apparently random aneuploidy and chromosome rearrangements. Intravenous administration of 150 micrograms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone produced a threefold elevation in LH but did not alter FSH levels. Review of ovarian biopsies performed at age 22 revealed a multitude of primordial follicles and one follicle with antrum formation. There was no evidence of recent or past ovulation. An insulin tolerance test evoked normal responses in serum growth hormone, prolactin, and cortisol. This is the first reported case of an isolated deficiency of FSH associated with mosaicism of the X chromosome. This coexistence of functional and genetic aberrations suggests that the differential secretion of LH and FSH may be related to specific independent loci on the X chromosome.
|
['Adult', 'Amenorrhea', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Mosaicism', 'X Chromosome']
| 6,814,256
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.568.500'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['G05.365.590.175.595'], ['A11.284.187.865.982', 'G05.360.162.865.982']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Alexithymia explains increased empathic personal distress in individuals with and without eating disorders.
|
It is often assumed that empathy impairments are common in individuals with eating disorders (EDs), but empirical work has been limited and produced mixed results, making the clinical features and treatment needs of this population difficult to determine. Alexithymia, characterised by difficulties identifying and describing one's own emotions, frequently co-occurs with EDs and is associated with atypical recognition of, and empathy for, others' emotions. This study used an existing empathy for pain paradigm to determine whether atypical empathy in EDs stems from co-occurring alexithymia, rather than EDs per se. Empathy (specifically personal distress in response to others' pain) was assessed in individuals with EDs (N = 21) and an alexithymia-matched control group (N = 22). Participants were simultaneously members of a high alexithymia (N = 16) or low alexithymia (N = 27) group, allowing the independent contributions of alexithymia and EDs to be determined. Participants judged the laterality of hands and feet in painful and non-painful situations, and the degree of empathic interference on response times was measured. Results indicated that observation of painful stimuli affected task performance in those with high levels of alexithymia more than those with low levels, but no effect of ED diagnosis was observed. These findings suggest that co-occurring alexithymia explains increased empathic personal distress in ED populations. Atypical empathy may therefore not be a core feature of EDs, and interventions aimed at improving empathy-related social functioning may only be necessary for patients who also have alexithymia. These findings emphasise the importance of determining the influence of co-occurring alexithymia when assessing empathy in clinical populations.
|
['Adult', 'Affective Symptoms', 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders', 'Emotional Intelligence', 'Empathy', 'Feeding and Eating Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychological Distress', 'Psychological Techniques']
| 30,428,774
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.126.100'], ['L01.453.245.945.200'], ['F01.752.543.500'], ['F01.752.355', 'F01.752.543.500.500'], ['F03.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.470.315'], ['E05.796', 'F04.669']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Theoretical conformational analysis of a encephalitogenic peptide molecule and a study of the structure-activity relationship in a series of its analogs].
|
Semi-empirical energy calculations are used to determine all low-energy conformations of Trp-containing fragment 113-121 of myelin basic protein (experimental allergic encephalomyelitis inducing peptide). The computed conformations are compared with the results of physico-chemical experiments and data on biological testing of the encephalitogenic peptide analogs. The three computed structures are shown to be in a good agreement with the available experimental evidence. However, additional information is required to predict "biologically active" conformation of encephalitogenic peptide.
|
['Animals', 'Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental', 'Myelin Basic Protein', 'Peptides', 'Protein Conformation', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Tryptophan']
| 2,475,178
|
[['B01.050'], ['C10.114.703.300', 'C10.228.140.695.562.250', 'C10.314.350.250', 'C20.111.258.625.300', 'E05.598.500.500.500'], ['D12.776.543.620.540', 'D12.776.631.580.510'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D12.125.072.050.850', 'D12.125.142.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impaired renal sensory responses after renal ischemia in the rat.
|
Renal sensory responses and reflex function were examined in rats 24 h after 45 min of ischemic injury caused by unilateral renal arterial occlusion (RAO). The integrity of renal pelvic mechanoreceptor (MRu)-mediated renorenal reflex was examined. An increase in ipsilateral afferent renal nerve activity (ARNA) and a reflex decrease in efferent renal nerve activity (ERNA) and contralateral diuresis and natriuresis produced by increasing the intrapelvic pressure were seen in sham-operated (Sham) rats, but it was largely attenuated in RAO rats. Using single-fiber recordings of the renal MRu discharge, graded increases in intrapelvic pressure or renal pelvic administration of substance P (SP) resulted in pressure- or concentration-dependent increases in ARNA in the control kidney of Sham rats, whereas attenuated responses were seen in the postischemic kidney of RAO rats. The unresponsiveness of renal MRus in RAO rats was accompanied by an insufficient release of SP. However, the baseline SP release is higher in RAO kidneys due to a reduced neutral endopeptidase (NEP) activity in the renal pelvis of the postischemic kidney. No changes in NK-1 receptor mRNA levels were demonstrated; however, the expression of NK-1 receptors in the plasma membrane of RAO pelvis were decreased, possibly resulting from the internalization of the receptors associated with beta-arrestin trafficking. Renal excretory responses after saline loading were significantly lower in the postischemic kidney of RAO rats than in Sham rats. Responses of ARNA and ERNA were also lower. It is concluded that the defective activation of renal sensory mechanoreceptors in the postischemic kidney results from an inadequate release of SP after mechanostimulation and the reduced functional NK-1 receptors.
|
['Animals', 'Arrestins', 'Female', 'Immunoblotting', 'Ischemia', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Kidney Pelvis', 'Mechanoreceptors', 'Neprilysin', 'Nervous System', 'Physical Stimulation', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, Neurokinin-1', 'Reflex', 'Renal Circulation', 'Sensation Disorders', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Subcellular Fractions', 'Substance P', 'Tissue Distribution', 'beta-Arrestins']
| 12,089,383
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.360.024.098', 'D12.776.157.057.005', 'D12.776.306.090', 'D12.776.476.024.104', 'D12.776.543.090'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['C23.550.513'], ['A05.810.453'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['A05.810.453.537'], ['A08.675.650.915.750', 'A08.800.950.750', 'A11.671.650.915.750'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.600', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.600', 'D23.050.285.550', 'D23.101.140.500'], ['A08'], ['E05.723'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.862.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.830.500', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.830.500'], ['E01.370.376.550.650', 'E01.370.600.550.650', 'F02.830.702', 'G11.561.731'], ['G08.852.725', 'G09.330.100.812'], ['C10.597.751', 'C23.888.592.763'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['A11.284.835'], ['D12.644.276.812.900.866', 'D12.644.400.800.750', 'D12.644.456.800.866', 'D12.776.467.812.900.866', 'D12.776.631.650.800.750', 'D23.469.050.375.850.890', 'D23.529.812.900.866'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['D12.644.360.024.098.525', 'D12.776.157.057.005.525', 'D12.776.476.024.104.525', 'D12.776.543.090.525']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Edible alginate-based coating as carrier of antimicrobials to improve shelf-life and safety of fresh-cut melon.
|
The effect of malic acid and essential oils (EOs) of cinnamon, palmarosa and lemongrass and their main active compounds as natural antimicrobial substances incorporated into an alginate-based edible coating on the shelf-life and safety of fresh-cut "Piel de Sapo" melon (Cucumis melo L.) was investigated. Melon pieces (50 g) were coated with alginate-based edible coating containing malic acid (EC) and EOs or their active compounds before to be packed in air filled polypropylene trays and stored at 5 degrees C for shelf-life and sensory studies. On the other hand, melon pieces were inoculated with a Salmonella Enteritidis (10(8) CFU/ml) culture before applying the coatings containing malic acid and EOs or their active compounds to safety study. Controls of fresh-cut melon non-coated or coated with EC without EOs were also prepared. EC was effective to improve shelf-life of fresh-cut melon from microbiological (up to 9.6 days) and physicochemical (>14 days) points of view in comparison with non-coated fresh-cut melon, where microbiological and physicochemical shelf-life was up to 3.6 days and lower than 14 days, respectively. In addition, the incorporation of EOs or their active compounds into the edible coating prolonged the microbiological shelf-life by more than 21 days in some cases due probably to an enhanced antimicrobial effect of malic acid+EOs; however, some fresh-cut melon characteristics were affected such as firmness and color causing a reduction of physicochemical shelf-life. Significant reductions (p<0.05) of S. Enteritidis population in inoculated coated fresh-cut melon were achieved, varying the effectiveness of the coatings depending on the EOs or the active compound and their concentrations. According to the results, palmarosa oil incorporated at 0.3% into the coating appear to be a promising preservation alternative for fresh-cut melon, since it had a good acceptation by panellists, maintained the fruit quality parameters, inhibited the native flora growth and reduced S. Enteritidis population.
|
['Alginates', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Consumer Product Safety', 'Cucurbitaceae', 'Food Contamination', 'Food Preservation', 'Food Preservatives', 'Glucuronic Acid', 'Hexuronic Acids', 'Humans', 'Malates', 'Oils, Volatile', 'Salmonella enteritidis', 'Time Factors']
| 18,164,505
|
[['D09.698.068'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['N06.850.210'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.300'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['J01.576.423.850.700'], ['D27.720.372.300.385', 'G07.203.300.514.500.700', 'J02.500.514.500.700'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.162.249', 'D02.241.152.811.162.500', 'D02.241.511.902.915.162.500', 'D09.811.922.162.500'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.400', 'D02.241.152.811.400', 'D02.241.511.902.915.400', 'D09.811.922.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.081.337.463', 'D02.241.511.505'], ['D10.627.675'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.300', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.160'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Blood oxygen saturation in various regions of the circulatory system in healthy persons].
|
The gaseous composition of the blood has been determined in cardiac cavities and major vessels in 180 practically healthy individuals aged from 1 to 30 years, during diagnostic catheterization of the heart. Physiological norms of gaseous composition of the blood in cardiac cavities and in the major blood vessels have been determined. Blood saturation with oxygen in the identical cardiac cavities and the major blood vessels are the same in men and women. The arterial blood having oxygenation below 93% is considered hypoxaemic. Normal figures of oxygenation for venous blood are from 75-84%. Exponential decrease of blood oxygenation with age (arterial and mixed venous) is roughly the same, due to this the arteriovenous difference of oxygenation at rest remains constant and is roughly equal to 20%. Minimum arterio-venous difference in oxygenation is 10%, maximum 40%.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Arteries', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen', 'Oxyhemoglobins', 'Reference Values', 'Veins']
| 7,154,507
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.015.114'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D12.776.124.400.707', 'D12.776.422.316.762.687'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A07.015.908']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Enzymes of the antioxidant network as novel determiners of Trypanosoma cruzi virulence.
|
Virulence of Trypanosoma cruzi depends on a variety of genetic and biochemical factors. It has been proposed that components of the parasites' antioxidant system may play a key part in this process by pre-adapting the pathogen to the oxidative environment encountered during host cell invasion. Using several isolates (10 strains) belonging to the two major phylogenetic lineages (T. cruzi-I and T. cruzi-II), we investigated whether there was an association between virulence (ranging from highly aggressive to attenuated isolates at the parasitemia and histopathological level) and the antioxidant enzyme content. Antibodies raised against trypanothione synthetase (TcTS), ascorbate peroxidase (TcAPX), mitochondrial and cytosolic tryparedoxin peroxidases (TcMPX and TcCPX) and trypanothione reductase (TcTR) were used to evaluate the antioxidant enzyme levels in epimastigote and metacyclic trypomastigote forms in the T. cruzi strains. Levels of TcCPX, TcMPX and TcTS were shown to increase during differentiation from the non-infective epimastigote to the infective metacyclic trypomastigote stage in all parasite strains examined. Peroxiredoxins were found to be present at higher levels in the metacyclic infective forms of the virulent isolates compared with the attenuated strains. Additionally, an increased resistance of epimastigotes from virulent T. cruzi populations to hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite challenge was observed. In mouse infection models, a direct correlation was found between protein levels of TcCPX, TcMPX and TcTS, and the parasitemia elicited by the different isolates studied (Pearson's coefficient: 0.617, 0.771, 0.499; respectively, P<0.01). No correlation with parasitemia was found for TcAPX and TcTR proteins in any of the strains analyzed. Our data support that enzymes of the parasite antioxidant armamentarium at the onset of infection represent new virulence factors involved in the establishment of disease.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Chagas Disease', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Trypanosoma cruzi', 'Virulence', 'Virulence Factors']
| 19,505,468
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['C01.610.752.300.900.200', 'C01.920.625'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.140'], ['G06.930'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The study on clinical value of the detection about serum and Unconjugated Bilirubin in diagnosis of neonatal jaundice.
|
In this paper, the clinical value of the detection about serum and unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) in neonatal jaundice was studied to found an effective and rapid method for diagnose of neonatal jaundice. ALB (Serum Albumin), total serum bilirubin (TSB) and UCB were detected by ELISA method among the 100 cases with neonatal jaundice selected for the study. The values of ALB, UCB and TSB in moderate jaundice patients were (42.83±3.87) g/L, (287.35±44.38) ìm/L, (304.16±43.40) ìm/L, respectively; as for the severe jaundice patients, the values were (38.41±4.82) g/L, (354.38±48.75) ìm/L, (375.20±47.51) ìm/L. The results showed significant differences with the p< 0.05 between moderate and severe jaundice patients. The level of ALB, UCB, TSB in hemolytic jaundice, obstructive jaundice and jaundice caused by other infections also had significant differences, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The detection of ALB and UCB provides a useful method for the diagnosis and assessment of neonatal jaundice.
|
['Bilirubin', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Jaundice', 'Jaundice, Neonatal', 'Jaundice, Obstructive', 'Male', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Serum Albumin']
| 27,005,510
|
[['D03.383.129.578.840.249.184', 'D03.633.400.909.249.184', 'D04.345.783.249.184', 'D23.767.193.184'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C23.550.429.500', 'C23.888.885.375'], ['C16.614.451.500', 'C23.550.429.249.500'], ['C23.550.429.500.755', 'C23.888.885.375.500'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The structure-activity relationship between polysaccharides from Sargassum thunbergii and anti-tumor activity.
|
Polysaccharides derived from Sargassum thunbergii were prepared to investigate the structure-activity relationship between polysaccharides and anti-tumor activity in vitro. Many factors were examined. Overall, STW (polysaccharide extracted by hot water) had the best activity, followed by STJ (polysaccharide extracted by dilute alkali), and then STA (polysaccharide extracted by dilute acid). Location of algae had no effect at 500ìg/mL and 1000ìg/mL, while STW-QD (algae collected from Qingdao, China) had the best activity, followed by STW-WZ (algae collected from Wenzhou, China) and STW-LJ (algae collected from Lianjiang, China) and then STW-DL (algae collected from Dalian, China) and STW-RC (algae collected from Rongcheng, China) at 250ìg/mL. Moreover, molecular weight had no effect at 1000ìg/mL, while higher molecular weights were associated with better activities at 250ìg/mL and 500ìg/mL. Sulfate content had no effect at 1000ìg/mL, while anti-tumor activities decreased accompanying with the changes of sulfate content. Uronic acid content was an important factor influencing activity. The fractions of STW showed little anti-tumor activity; however, the mixture of the fractions of STW showed approximately 60% inhibition. Overall, these findings suggested that the anti-tumor activity of polysaccharides required multilateral cooperation and that some of the effective components were lost.
|
['A549 Cells', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Survival', 'Humans', 'Molecular Weight', 'Polysaccharides', 'Sargassum', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Sulfates', 'Uronic Acids']
| 28,716,753
|
[['A11.251.210.190.080', 'A11.251.860.180.080', 'A11.436.054'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.494'], ['D09.698'], ['B01.750.600.725'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D01.248.497.158.845', 'D01.875.800.800.850'], ['D02.241.081.844.915', 'D02.241.152.811', 'D02.241.511.902.915', 'D09.811.922']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immune complexes in experimental alveolar hydatidosis.
|
Increasing amounts of immune complexes (IC) accumulated in the blood of C57BL/6J (H-2b) mice infected for 16 weeks with alveolar hydatid cysts. The circulating IC were detected both quantitatively (precipitation with 3.75% polyethylene glycol) and qualitatively (Raji cell binding assay) in the sera of hydatid-mice. The levels of serum IC roughly parallel the increase in weight of the larval cyst masses (LCM) and were inversely reacted to serum compliment activity; the latter was markedly reduced at 14 weeks postinfection. The solubilized serum IC was reacted with appropriate antisera in gel precipitation test; it consisted of E. multilocularis antigens, IgGl, IgG2b, IgM and C3. Mouse IgG, IgM, complement and hydatid antigens were also detected by the indirect immunofluorescent technique in kidney sections of hydatid-mice infected 14 weeks before. The role of IC is discussed with reference to immunodepression and growth of the LCM in hydatid mice.
|
['Animals', 'Antigen-Antibody Complex', 'Complement C3', 'Echinococcosis, Pulmonary', 'Echinococcus', 'Glomerulonephritis', 'Immune Complex Diseases', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Kidney Glomerulus', 'Larva', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Pulmonary Alveoli']
| 6,227,116
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.257', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.257', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.257', 'D23.050.101'], ['D12.776.124.050.140', 'D12.776.124.486.274.250'], ['C01.610.335.190.396.480', 'C01.610.582.314', 'C01.748.450.314', 'C08.381.517.314', 'C08.730.450.314'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.215.327'], ['C12.777.419.570.363', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363'], ['C20.543.520'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['A05.810.453.324.359', 'A05.810.453.736.520'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A04.411.715']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Documenting patient refusals.
|
Patient morbidity and mortality, subsequent to either patient- or provider-initiated refusals, are noteworthy. It has been estimated that hospital admission is twice as likely after prehospital providers refuse a patient transportation to the hospital. In one particular study group, prehospital-provider refusal of transportation, as opposed to patient refusal of transportation, accounted for 73% of the post-refusal hospital admissions. Provider-initiated refusals are tantamount to a time bomb. There are very few justifiable provider-initiated refusals of treatment or transportation. If the call is of a non-emergency nature, the decision not to treat or transport should be a mutual agreement between the patient and provider. Consult with the online medical director for guidance as needed. Document the physician's name, consulting facility and medical direction. As with every patient encounter, a legally defensible runsheet should be completed. Should you write a report if your services are "not needed," or if you are canceled en route to the call? For your protection, a report archiving every run should be documented. If your services are canceled en route, note the canceling authority and time of cancellation. If your services are canceled at the scene, document the canceling authority, time of cancellation and the circumstance. It is important to specifically document that "no patient contacts were made." When patient contact is made, a patient-provider relationship is established, thereby redefining your duty to the patient. Protect yourself, your crew members, your chain of command, your jurisdiction and your agency by writing a legally defensible informed refusal report. According to one source, "Every negligence case in the last 30 years has been decided on its documentation." If it wasn't written down, it wasn't done. Be safe, and document safely.
|
['Documentation', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Humans', 'Informed Consent', 'Liability, Legal', 'Mental Competency', 'Treatment Refusal', 'United States']
| 11,383,168
|
[['L01.453.245'], ['N02.421.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.473.650.718', 'I01.880.604.583.427', 'N03.706.437.650.312', 'N03.706.535.489'], ['I01.880.604.583.490', 'N03.706.535.547'], ['F01.590', 'F02.410', 'I01.880.604.583.530', 'N03.706.535.625'], ['F01.100.150.750.750', 'F01.145.488.887.750', 'I01.880.604.473.650.968', 'N03.706.437.650.875', 'N05.300.150.800.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Density and shape as CT predictors of intracerebral hemorrhage growth.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) growth predicts mortality and functional outcome. We hypothesized that irregular hematoma shape and density heterogeneity, reflecting active, multifocal bleeding or a variable bleeding time course, would predict ICH growth.METHODS: Three raters examined baseline sub-3-hour CT brain scans of 90 patients in the placebo arm of a Phase IIb trial of recombinant activated Factor VII in ICH. Each rater, blinded to growth data, independently applied novel 5-point categorical scales of density and shape to randomly presented baseline CT images of ICH. Density and shape were defined as either homogeneous/regular (Category 1 to 2) or heterogeneous/irregular (Category 3 to 5). Within- and between-rater reliability was determined for these scales. Growth was assessed as a continuous variable and using 3 binary definitions: (1) any ICH growth; (2) >or=33% or >or=12.5 mL ICH growth; and (3) radial growth >1 mm between baseline and 24-hour CT scan. Patients were divided into tertiles of baseline ICH volume: "small" (0 to 10 mL), "medium" (10 to 25 mL), and "large" (25 to 106 mL).RESULTS: Inter- and intrarater agreements for the novel scales exceeded 85% (+/-1 category). Median growth was significantly higher in the large-volume group compared with the small group (P<0.001) and in heterogeneous compared with homogeneous ICH (P=0.008). Median growth trended higher in irregular ICHs compared with regular ICHs (P=0.084). Small ICHs were more regularly shaped (43%) than medium (17%) and large (3%) ICHs (P<0.001). Small ICHs were more homogeneous (73%) compared with medium (37%) and large (17%) ICHs (P<0.001). Adjusting for baseline ICH volume and time to scan, density heterogeneity, but not shape irregularity, independently predicted ICH growth (P=0.046) on a continuous growth scale.CONCLUSIONS: Large ICHs were significantly more irregular in shape, heterogeneous in density, and had greater growth. Density heterogeneity independently predicted ICH growth using some definitions.
|
['Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'Disease Progression', 'Factor VIIa', 'Hematoma', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 19,286,590
|
[['C10.228.140.300.535.200', 'C14.907.253.573.200', 'C23.550.414.913.100'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.300', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.300', 'D12.776.124.125.325.300', 'D23.119.325.300'], ['C23.550.414.838'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Risk factors for positioning-related somatosensory evoked potential changes in 3946 spinal surgeries.
|
The goal of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with positioning-related SSEP changes (PRSC). The study investigated the association between 18 plausible risk factors and the occurrence of intraoperative PRSC. Risk factors investigated included demographic variables, comorbidities, and procedure related variables. All patients were treated by the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center from 2010 to 2012. We used univariate and multivariate statistical methods. 69 out of the 3946 (1.75%) spinal surgeries resulted in PRSC changes. The risk of PRSC was increased for women (p < 0.001), patients older than 65 years of age (p = 0.01), higher BMI (p < 0.001) patients, smokers (p < 0.001), and patients with hypertension (p < 0.001). No associations were found between PRSC and age greater than 80 years, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease. Three surgical situations were associated with PRSC including abnormal baselines (p < 0.001), patients in the "superman" position (p < 0.001), and patients in surgical procedures that extended over 200 min (p = 0.03). Patients with higher BMIs and who are undergoing spinal surgery longer than 200 min, with abnormal baselines, must be positioned with meticulous attention. Gender, hypertension, and smoking were also found to be risk factors from their odds ratios.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory', 'Female', 'Hemodynamic Monitoring', 'Humans', 'Intraoperative Period', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monitoring, Intraoperative', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Spine']
| 29,855,850
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.265.216.500.400', 'G11.561.200.500.400'], ['E01.370.370.428', 'E01.370.520.365'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.614.374', 'N02.421.585.753.374'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520.510', 'E04.510'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E04.525'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['A02.835.232.834']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
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