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A Y2H-seq approach defines the human protein methyltransferase interactome.
|
To accelerate high-density interactome mapping, we developed a yeast two-hybrid interaction screening approach involving short-read second-generation sequencing (Y2H-seq) with improved sensitivity and a quantitative scoring readout allowing rapid interaction validation. We applied Y2H-seq to investigate enzymes involved in protein methylation, a largely unexplored post-translational modification. The reported network of 523 interactions involving 22 methyltransferases or demethylases is comprehensively annotated and validated through coimmunoprecipitation experiments and defines previously undiscovered cellular roles of nonhistone protein methylation.
|
['Chromatography, Liquid', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Methyltransferases', 'Protein Interaction Mapping', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Two-Hybrid System Techniques']
| 23,455,924
|
[['E05.196.181.400'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.308.320'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.555.500'], ['E05.601.690'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['E05.393.220.870', 'E05.601.690.650', 'E05.601.870']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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Bilateral single-port thoracoscopic extended thymectomy for management of thymoma and myasthenia gravis: case report.
|
BACKGROUND: Video-assisted thoracoscopy is become a widely accepted approach for the resection of anterior mediastinal masses, including thymoma. The current trend is to reduce the number of ports and minimize the length of incisions to further decrease postoperative pain, chest wall paresthesia, and length of hospitalization. Herein, we reported an extended resection of thymoma in a patient with myasthenia gravis through an uniportal bilateral thoracoscopic approach.CASE PRESENTATION: A 74 years old woman with myasthenia gravis was referred to our attention for management of a 3.5 cm, well capsulate, thymoma. All laboratory and cardio-pulmonary tests were within normal; thus, she was scheduled for thymoma resection through an uniportal bilateral thoracoscopic approach. Under general anaesthesia and selective intubation, the patient was placed in a 60° right lateral decubitus. A 3 cm skin incision was performed in the fourth right intercostal space and, through that a 30° video-camera and working instruments were inserted without rib spreading. After complete dissection of the thymus and mediastinal fat, the contralateral pleura was opened, and, through that the specimen was pushed into the left pleural cavity. Then, the patient was placed in the left lateral decubitus. Similarly to the right side procedure, a 3-cm incision was performed in the fourth left intercostal space to complete thymic dissection and retrieve the specimen. No intraoperative and post-operative complications were found. The patient was discharged four days later. Pathological examination revealed a type A thymoma (Masaoka stage I). No recurrence was found at 18 months of follow-up CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral single-port thoracoscopy is an available procedure for management of thymoma associated with myasthenia gravis. The less post-operative pain, the reduction of hospital stay and the better esthetic results are all potential advantages of this approach over traditional technique. Obviously, our impression should be validated by larger studies in terms of long-term oncological outcomes.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Myasthenia Gravis', 'Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted', 'Thymectomy', 'Thymoma', 'Thymus Neoplasms']
| 27,876,071
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.614.550.500', 'C04.730.856.490', 'C10.114.656', 'C10.574.781.588', 'C10.668.758.725', 'C20.111.258.500'], ['E01.370.388.250.840.830', 'E01.370.388.250.950.830', 'E04.502.250.840.830', 'E04.502.250.950.830', 'E04.928.752.830'], ['E04.928.770'], ['C04.557.435.850', 'C04.588.894.949.500', 'C15.604.861.800'], ['C04.588.894.949', 'C15.604.861']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
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Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on humoral immunity: I. Similarities to Staphylococcus aureus Cowan Strain I (SAC) in the in vitro T-dependent antibody response.
|
We have determined that suppression of the in vitro T-dependent humoral immune response by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is dependent on the type and concentration of serum used in the culture media. Only five out of 23 commercial lots of serum (screened at both 5 and 10%) could support a suppression in the presence of 30 nM TCDD, with the remaining lots demonstrating an apparent 'protective-like' effect against the TCDD exposure. When log dose response curves were established with TCDD (0.3, 3.0, and 30 nM) in media containing each of the serum lots supporting a suppression (at both 5 and 10%), we determined that only three lots could support a full dose-responsive suppression. Subsequently, in a comparison study between the effects of TCDD and the polyclonal B-cell activator Staphylococcus aureus Cowan Strain I (SAC) on the in vitro T-dependent humoral immune response, we have found that SAC suppresses the antibody response to SRBC and demonstrates the same serum dependency for this effect as was previously noted for TCDD. Under serum-free culturing conditions, TCDD (30 nM) caused a 15-fold increase in the AFC response to SRBCs over controls, suggesting that direct addition of TCDD to whole splenocyte cultures in the absence of serum-derived growth factors results in an increase in B-cell activation. Likewise, under serum-free conditions, SAC dose-dependently increased the AFC response over media controls, and at doses which achieved the same degree of suppression of the humoral response aa TCDD. Taken together, these studies suggest that TCDD has actions that are similar to a T cell independent polyclonal B cell activator such as SAC, and selectively acts on the B cell to suppress the T-dependent humoral immune response by a mechanism which is unique to this series of compounds. This effect however, is only detectable under appropriate serum-supported (or serum-deficient) culture conditions as described.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody Formation', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Culture Media', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Mice', 'Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 1,917,438
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['E05.481'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D02.309.500.450', 'D03.633.300.786'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
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Two forms of RPO41-dependent RNA polymerase. Regulation of the RNA polymerase by glucose repression may control yeast mitochondrial gene expression.
|
We have identified two chromatographically separable forms of mitochondrial RNA polymerase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae which utilize different DNA templates. One form is only active in a nonselective assay utilizing a poly[d(A-T)] template. The other form selectively initiates from a mitochondrial promoter consensus sequence. Both enzymes can be extracted from yeast mitochondria and all components are encoded by nuclear genes. The possibility that these two activities represent core and holoenzyme forms of the multicomponent mitochondrial RNA polymerase is supported by our observation that both enzymes are absent from a strain bearing a disrupted copy of the RPO41 gene (Greenleaf, A. L., Kelly, J. L., and Lehman, I. R. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 83, 3391-3399). The two enzyme activities are differentially regulated by carbon source; the nonselective enzyme is repressed during growth on glucose relative to the selective enzyme. The 5-fold increase in RNA polymerase activity on a nonrepressing carbon source correlates with the increased level of transcript production from mitochondrial DNA. These results suggest that the mitochondrial RNA polymerase and, in consequence, mitochondrial transcription are regulated by carbon catabolite control.
|
['Chromatography', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Glucose', 'Mitochondria', 'Mutation', 'Poly dA-dT', 'Potassium Chloride', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 3,045,116
|
[['E05.196.181'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.270'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D13.695.578.500.300'], ['D01.210.450.150.750', 'D01.745.625'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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|
L-type Ca2+ channel and ryanodine receptor cross-talk in frog skeletal muscle.
|
The dihydropyridine receptors (DHPRs)/L-type Ca2+ channels of skeletal muscle are coupled with ryanodine receptors/Ca2+ release channels (RyRs/CRCs) located in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). The DHPR is the voltage sensor for excitation-contraction (EC) coupling and the charge movement component q gamma has been implicated as the signal linking DHPR voltage sensing to Ca2+ release from the coupled RyR. Recently, a new charge component, qh, has been described and related to L-type Ca2+ channel gating. Evidence has also been provided that the coupled RyR/CRC can modulate DHPR functions via a retrograde signal. Our aim was to investigate whether the newly described qh is also involved in the reciprocal interaction or cross-talk between DHPR/L-type Ca2+ channel and RyR/CRC. To this end we interfered with DHPR/L-type Ca2+ channel function using nifedipine and 1-alkanols (heptanol and octanol), and with RyR/CRC function using ryanodine and ruthenium red (RR). Intramembrane charge movement (ICM) and L-type Ca2+ current (ICa) were measured in single cut fibres of the frog using the double-Vaseline-gap technique. Our records showed that nifedipine reduced the amount of q gamma and qh moved by approximately 90% and approximately 55%, respectively, whereas 1-alkanols completely abolished them. Ryanodine and RR shifted the transition voltages of q gamma and qh and of the maximal conductance of ICa by approximately 4-9 mV towards positive potentials. All these interventions spared q beta. These results support the hypothesis that only q gamma; and qh arise from the movement of charged particles within the DHPR/L-type Ca2+ channel and that these charge components together with ICa are affected by a retrograde signal from RyR/CRC.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium Channels, L-Type', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Nifedipine', 'Rana esculenta', 'Receptor Cross-Talk', 'Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel']
| 14,660,705
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150.400', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150.400'], ['E05.481'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D03.383.725.203.540'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.708.240'], ['G04.794'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150.800', 'D12.776.210.500.800', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150.800', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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PCBs and PAHs in sea-surface microlayer and sub-surface water samples of the Venice Lagoon (Italy).
|
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are two classes of micropollutants intensively monitored and regulated due to their toxicity, persistency and wide diffusion. Their concentrations have been investigated in sea-microlayer (SML) and sub-surface water (SSW) samples collected at two sites of the Venice Lagoon, a fragile ecosystem highly influenced by industrial and anthropogenic emissions. The total sigmaPCB concentration varies from 0.45 ng/l to 2.1 ng/l in SSW while a clear enrichment is observed in the SML, where it ranges from 1.2 ng/l to 10.5 ng/l. The total sigmaPAH concentration shows marked differences between the two stations and varies from 12.4 ng/l to 266.8 ng/l in SSW; in SML it is more uniform and ranges from 19.6 ng/l to 178.9 ng/l. The enrichment factors are not larger than 1 for both pollutants in the 'dissolved' phase, while they are most significant for the 'particulate' phase (sigmaPCB: 5-9; sigmaPAH: 4-14).
|
['Environmental Monitoring', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Italy', 'Polychlorinated Biphenyls', 'Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons', 'Seawater', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 16,212,984
|
[['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['D02.309.750', 'D02.455.426.559.389.185.698', 'D02.455.526.439.773'], ['D02.455.426.559.847', 'D04.615'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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| 0
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| 0
| 1
| 1
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Chronic pain persists in adults with sickle cell disease despite regular red cell transfusions.
|
BACKGROUND: Pain affects over 50% of adults with sickle cell disease (SCD), and this pain is largely managed outside of the hospital. While chronic transfusion therapy is used to decrease the rate of acute pain events in patients with SCD, less is known about its impact on the day-to-day experience of pain. To address this knowledge gap, we provided pain diaries to patients with SCD receiving chronic transfusion.PATIENTS AND METHODS: A convenience sample of chronically-transfused adults with SCD successfully completed a diary over the course of at least 2 transfusion events. Patients receiving simple transfusions and red cell exchanges were included. Pain was rated on a scale of 0 to 10 each day, and patient laboratory values, co-morbidities, and hospital utilization were also obtained using the electronic medical record. The mean pain scores pre- and post-transfusion were evaluated using both a random effects-expectation maximization regression tree analysis and a generalized linear mixed regression model.RESULTS: Ten subjects (63%) in this cohort were defined as having chronic pain, while the remaining four (27%) subjects had episodic pain. Despite chronic transfusion and a suppressed HbS% (22.5% (16.5-25.9)), 10 patients (63%) continued to report nearly daily pain, and on almost 70% of diary days, the pain was significant (?5/10). When the relationship between HbS% and reported pain intensity was examined, no association was found.DISCUSSION: These results suggest that, even with regular transfusions and a low HbS%, daily pain persists in many adults with SCD.
|
['Adult', 'Anemia, Sickle Cell', 'Chronic Pain', 'Erythrocyte Transfusion', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pain Measurement']
| 31,326,289
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.150', 'C15.378.420.155', 'C16.320.070.150', 'C16.320.365.155'], ['C23.888.592.612.274'], ['E02.095.135.140.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.600.550.324']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
[Danger of infection from communion cups--an underestimated risk?].
|
The problem of a risk of infection from the common use of chalices has been discussed controversially in literature. Opinions were mainly based on laboratory experiments and theoretical considerations. The authors examined bacterial counts and species existing under normal conditions after communion. For this purpose, contact samples were taken from the inside and outside of chalices at the rim. Staphylococci and alpha-haemolytic streptococci were found on all chalices examined. On more than 80%, there were apathogenic micrococci, nonhaemolytic streptococci, apathogenic neisseria and apathogenic corynebacteria as well as lactobacilli and bacilli. Staphylococcus aureus was found on 26.4% of chalices. Although the risk of infection for healthy persons from a commonly used chalice can be rated as low, it should not be underestimated for persons with reduced resistance and immunocompetence, or with reduced defences as a result of therapeutic measures. From the hygienic point of view, the most favourable approaches to avoid infection would be the use of individual chalices for all participants in the communion or the immersion of wafers or bread in wine or in grape juice by the priest (intinction).
|
['Bacteria', 'Beverages', 'Christianity', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Communicable Diseases', 'Cooking and Eating Utensils', 'Equipment Contamination', 'Food Microbiology', 'Humans', 'Immunocompromised Host', 'Infection Control', 'Risk Factors', 'Rosales', 'Wine']
| 9,686,446
|
[['B03'], ['G07.203.100', 'J02.200'], ['K01.844.188'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['C01.221', 'C23.550.291.531'], ['J01.494.300', 'J01.576.423.200.300', 'J01.637.370'], ['N06.850.540'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.332', 'J01.576.423.850.730.500.249.300', 'N06.850.425.200', 'N06.850.460.400.300', 'N06.850.601.500.249.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.470'], ['N06.850.780.200.450'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937'], ['G07.203.100.100.900', 'G07.203.200.887', 'J02.200.100.900', 'J02.350.887']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Use of interpreters with crisis intervention teams, behavioral health units, and medical strike teams: responding appropriately and effectively.
|
The methods of using an interpreter during crisis intervention, medical, and psychological procedures with a non-English speaking patient are often compromised by lack of proper training for both primary healthcare personnel and potential interpreters, and by misunderstandings about effective procedural guidelines. Training is paramount and not everyone can do this important job. Being a fluent speaker of several languages does not in itself make one an effective interpreter The purpose of this paper is to offer specific guidelines on what may be required in order to do successful interpretation.
|
['Emergencies', 'Humans', 'Patient Care Team', 'Translating']
| 21,138,150
|
[['C23.550.291.781', 'N06.230.100.083', 'N06.850.376'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.590.715'], ['L01.559.423.796']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
Obstructing cancers of the right and left colon: critical analysis of perioperative risk factors, morbidity, and mortality.
|
Significant hospital mortality has been observed in right-sided obstructing colonic cancer patients but remains unexplained. The medical records of 52 patients with obstructing colonic cancer seen between 1980-88 were reviewed to identify prognostic factors influencing mortality when carcinoma involved either the right or the left segments of the colon. The mean age, sex, incidence, and distribution of perioperative risk factors and rate of postoperative complications were comparable between the two groups. Right colonic cancer patients had a higher incidence of advanced disease (16 of 19 had Dukes C and D tumors). Their mortality was higher than that of their counterparts (21% vs 9%), correlating primarily with advanced cancer stage rather than with preoperative risk factors or technical (operative) complications. Though the difference in mortality rates is not statistically significant, patients with obstructing cancers of the right colon, compared to their left counterparts, are hospitalized in more advanced stages of disease and have a worse prognosis.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Connecticut', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Obstruction', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Morbidity', 'Prognosis', 'Risk Factors']
| 1,935,067
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.531'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525', 'N01.224.935.597', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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|
Novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determination of fluvastatin in plasma at picogram level.
|
For the first time, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed and validated for the determination of fluvastatin (FLV) in plasma samples at picogram level. The assay employed a polyclonal antibody that specifically recognizes FLV with high affinity, and FLV conjugate of bovine serum albumin (FLV-BSA) immobilized onto microplate wells as a solid-phase. The assay involved a competitive binding reaction between FLV, in plasma sample, and the immobilized FLV-BSA for the binding sites on a limited amount of the anti-FLV antibody. The bound anti-FLV antibody was quantified with horseradish peroxidase-labeled second anti-rabbit IgG antibody (HRP-IgG) and 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as a substrate for the peroxidase enzyme. The concentration of FLV in the sample was quantified by its ability to inhibit the binding of the anti-FLV antibody to the immobilized FLV-BSA and subsequently the color intensity in the assay wells. The conditions for the proposed ELISA were investigated and the optimum conditions were employed in the determination of FLV in plasma samples. The assay limit of detection was 10 pg mL(-1) and the effective working range at relative standard deviations (RSD) of <or=5% was 20-1000 pg mL(-1). Analytical recovery of FLV from spiked plasma was 97.1-102.7+/-2.85-6.25%. The precision of the assay was satisfactory; RSD was 2.46-5.37 and 3.19-6.64% for the intra- and inter-assay precision, respectively. The analytical procedure is convenient, and one can analyze approximately 200 samples per working day, facilitating the processing of large-number batch of samples. The proposed ELISA has a great value in routine analysis of FLV for its therapeutic monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Cattle', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated', 'Fluvastatin', 'Humans', 'Indoles', 'Microchemistry', 'Molecular Structure', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine']
| 19,782,210
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D10.251.355.325'], ['D03.633.100.473.305', 'D10.251.450.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['E05.196.620', 'H01.181.650'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The two isomers of HDTIC compounds from Astragali Radix slow down telomere shortening rate via attenuating oxidative stress and increasing DNA repair ability in human fetal lung diploid fibroblast cells.
|
4-Hydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2,6'-spirane-5',6',7',8'-tetrahydro-indolizine-3'-carbaldehyde (HDTIC)-1 and HDTIC-2 are two isomers extracted from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bunge Var. mongholicus (Bge) Hsiao. Our previous study had demonstrated that they could extend the lifespan of human fetal lung diploid fibroblasts (2BS). To investigate the mechanisms of the HDTIC-induced delay of replicative senescence, in this study, we assessed the effects of these two compounds on telomere shortening rate and DNA repair ability in 2BS cells. The telomere shortening rates of the cells cultured with HDTIC-1 or HDTIC-2 were 31.5 and 41.1 bp with each division, respectively, which were much less than that of the control cells (71.1 bp/PD). We also found that 2BS cells pretreated with HDTIC-1 or HDTIC-2 had a significant reduction in DNA damage after exposure to 200 microM H(2)O(2) for 5 min. Moreover, the 100 microM H(2)O(2)-induced DNA damage was significantly repaired after the damaged cells were continually cultured with HDTIC for 1 h. These results suggest that HDTIC compounds slow down the telomere shortening rate of 2BS cells, which is mainly due to the biological properties of the compounds including the reduction of DNA damage and the improvement of DNA repair ability. In addition, the slow down of telomere shortening rate, the reduction of DNA damage, and the improvement of DNA repair ability induced by HDTIC may be responsible for their delay of replicative senescence.
|
['Astragalus propinquus', 'Cell Line', 'Cellular Senescence', 'DNA Repair', 'Dioxolanes', 'Diploidy', 'Female', 'Fetus', 'Fibroblasts', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Indolizines', 'Lung', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Plant Roots', 'Telomere']
| 19,839,736
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.087.750'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.043'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['D03.383.246.238'], ['G05.700.264'], ['A16.378'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D03.633.100.496'], ['A04.411'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['A18.400'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.845', 'G05.360.160.845']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Simplified technique for retrograde cerebral perfusion during repair of distal aortic arch and proximal descending thoracic aorta.
|
Lesions of distal aortic arch and proximal descending thoracic aorta require a posterolateral thoracotomy approach and total circulatory arrest. Retrograde cerebral perfusion through the superior vena cava is technically difficult in such situations. We describe a simplified technique for delivery of retrograde cerebral perfusion through the left internal jugular vein.
|
['Adult', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Aortic Diseases', 'Brain', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Jugular Veins', 'Perfusion', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures']
| 12,173,866
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['C14.907.109'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.908.498'], ['E05.680'], ['E04.100.814']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and threat memory: selective reduction of combat threat memory p300 response after right frontal-lobe stimulation.
|
Using the event-related potential P3a component as a marker, the authors tested the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for reducing hyperarousability to specific threat stimuli in one Vietnam veteran with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), who exhibited an exaggerated P3a response to combat-related pictures. Twenty minutes of 1-Hz rTMS to the right prefrontal area effected a reduction in the P3a amplitude, whereas similar rTMS to the left prefrontal area did not. In addition to providing evidence for the effectiveness of right frontal rTMS for an exaggerated response to trauma-related stimuli, this study provides electrophysiological corroboration of subjective reports of PTSD symptoms.
|
['Combat Disorders', 'Event-Related Potentials, P300', 'Frontal Lobe', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Middle Aged', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation']
| 21,304,137
|
[['F03.950.750.249'], ['G07.265.216.500.350', 'G11.561.200.500.350'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E02.621.820']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of age on sagittal plane profile of the lumbar spine according to standing, supine, and various sitting positions.
|
BACKGROUND: The sagittal alignment of the spine changes depending on body posture and degenerative changes. This study aimed to observe changes in sagittal alignment of the lumbar spine with different positions (standing, supine, and various sitting postures) and to verify the effect of aging on lumbar sagittal alignment.METHODS: Whole-spine lateral radiographs were obtained for young volunteers (25.4 ± 2.3 years) and elderly volunteers (66.7 ± 1.7 years). Radiographs were obtained in standing, supine, and sitting (30°, 60°, and 90°) positions respectively. We compared the radiological changes in the lordotic and segmental angles in different body positions and at different ages. Upper and lower lumbar lordosis were defined according to differences in anatomical sagittal mobility and kinematic behavior.RESULTS: Lumbar lordosis was greater in a standing position (52.79° and 53.90° in young and old groups, respectively) and tended to decrease as position changed from supine to sitting. Compared with the younger group, the older group showed significantly more lumbar lordosis in supine and 60° and 90° sitting positions (P=0.043, 0.002, 0.011). Upper lumbar lordosis in the younger group changed dynamically in all changed positions compared with the old group (P=0.019). Lower lumbar lordosis showed a decreasing pattern in both age groups, significantly changing as position changed from 30° to 60° (P=0.007, 0.007).CONCLUSIONS: Lumbar lordosis decreases as position changes from standing to 90°sitting. The upper lumbar spine is more flexible in individuals in their twenties compared to those in their sixties. Changes in lumbar lordosis were concentrated in the lower lumbar region in the older group in sitting positions.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Posture', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radiography', 'Spine', 'Young Adult']
| 24,571,953
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['G11.427.695'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['A02.835.232.834'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Early childhood outcomes of infants born with gastroschisis.
|
PURPOSE: To describe neonatal and childhood outcomes of a contemporary cohort of infants with gastroschisis.METHODS: Observational, single center, inception cohort of children born with gastroschisis from January 2005 to December 2008.RESULTS: Of 63 infants, 61 survived to hospital discharge and 39 were seen for follow-up. Complications included sepsis (37%), necrotizing enterocolitis (10%), parenteral nutrition related cholestasis (25%), and short bowel syndrome (13%). Of survivors, 5% had visual impairment and 10% had hearing loss. No child tested had mental delay or cerebral palsy. Early gestational age predicted death or disability (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.38, 0.96; p=0.033). There was a high incidence of prescription medications for presumed gastroesophageal reflux (90%). Some infants continued to require tube feeds (15%). There were improvements in longitudinal growth reflected in increasing z-scores.CONCLUSIONS: Although children with gastroschisis are at risk for disability, childhood outcomes are encouraging.
|
['Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Canada', 'Cholestasis', 'Comorbidity', 'Digestive System Surgical Procedures', 'Enterocolitis, Necrotizing', 'Female', 'Gastroesophageal Reflux', 'Gastroschisis', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Infant, Premature, Diseases', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Parenteral Nutrition', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Sensation Disorders', 'Sepsis', 'Short Bowel Syndrome', 'Tertiary Care Centers', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 23,932,607
|
[['C16.131.077'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['C06.130.120.135'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E04.210'], ['C06.405.205.596.700', 'C06.405.469.363.700'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.484'], ['C05.660.417', 'C16.131.621.417', 'C23.300.707.374.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['C16.614.521'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['E02.421.505', 'E02.642.500.505'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C10.597.751', 'C23.888.592.763'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500'], ['C06.405.469.637.832', 'C23.550.767.882'], ['N02.278.421.830'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Controlled trial of ligation plus nadolol versus nadolol alone for the prevention of first variceal bleeding.
|
UNLABELLED: Both nadolol and ligation have proved to be effective in the prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects and safety of combining nadolol with ligation. Cirrhotic patients with high-risk esophageal varices but without a bleeding history were considered for enrolment. Eligible patients were randomized to receive band ligation plus nadolol (Combined group, 70 patients) or nadolol alone (Nadolol group, 70 patients). In the Combined group multiligators were applied. Patients received regular ligation treatment at an interval of 4 weeks until variceal obliteration. Nadolol was administered at a dose to reduce 25% of the pulse rate in both the Combined group and the Nadolol group. Both groups were comparable in baseline data. In the Combined group 50 patients (71%) achieved variceal obliteration. The mean dose of nadolol was 52 +/- 16 mg in the Combined group and 56 +/- 19 mg in the Nadolol group. During a median follow-up of 26 months, 18 patients (26%) in the Combined group and 13 patients (18%) in the Nadolol group experienced upper gastrointestinal bleeding (P = NS). Esophageal variceal bleeding occurred in 10 patients (14%) in the Combined group and nine patients (13%) in the Nadolol group (P = NS). Adverse events were noted in 48 patients (68%) in the Combined group and 28 patients (40%) in the Nadolol group (P = 0.06). Sixteen patients in each group died.CONCLUSION: The addition of ligation to nadolol may increase adverse events and did not enhance effectiveness in the prophylaxis of first variceal bleeding.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Aged', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Esophageal and Gastric Varices', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Ligation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nadolol']
| 20,578,138
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.186'], ['C06.405.117.240', 'C06.552.494.414'], ['C06.405.227', 'C23.550.414.788'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.426'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.601', 'D02.033.755.624.698.601', 'D02.092.063.624.698.601']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Changes in strains of mutans streptococci induced by treatment with chlorhexidine varnish.
|
Isolates of mutans streptococci were obtained from the dental plaque of ten subjects before and after the subjects had been free of detectable mutans streptococci for a mean period of 14.6 weeks (range, from two to 36 weeks). The mutans streptococci had been rendered undetectable by chlorhexidine varnish treatment. Examination of the restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) patterns of the isolates revealed that all ten subjects had one strain (REA type) after re-appearance of the mutans streptococci that was identical to one that had been present before the varnish treatment. In six of the ten subjects, only one strain was detected both before and after treatment. Each of the other four subjects appeared to gain a new strain after treatment; one of the four appeared to lose one strain, and another, four strains. The ability of strains to persist after the period of undetectability seemed unrelated to their resistance to chlorhexidine or to their ability to exhibit insoluble glucan-mediated adhesion. In the subjects harboring multiple REA types, one-seventh of the tooth surfaces sampled harbored two strains simultaneously, suggesting an inability of either strain to exclude the other aggressively. Overall, the study indicated that every subject receiving chlorhexidine varnish therapy had a primary strain of mutans streptococcus that re-emerged after treatment. In contrast, secondary strains were highly susceptible to being lost or gained.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bacterial Adhesion', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Child', 'Chlorhexidine', 'DNA Fingerprinting', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Dental Plaque', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Electrophoresis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Species Specificity', 'Streptococcus mutans']
| 1,655,848
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G06.099.050'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D02.078.370.141.100'], ['E05.318.740.225.500.500', 'E05.393.290', 'I01.198.780.937.375', 'N04.452.910.099.750'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['C07.793.208.377'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['E05.196.401', 'E05.301.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G16.824'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.875.520', 'B03.510.400.800.872.875.520', 'B03.510.550.737.872.875.520']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[A study of plasma terminal SC5b-9 complement complex in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension].
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between complement SC5b-9 complex and damage of vascular endothelial in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH).METHODS: Plasma SC5b-9, Serum circulate immunocomplex (CIC), fibronectin (Fn) levels were determined with ELISA in 47 cases of PIH (study group 1) and 15 cases with potential risk factors of PIH (study group 2) and 40 cases of normal pregnancies (control group).RESULTS: SC5b-9 level increased and CIC level decreased significantly in study group 1 and study group 2 than that in control group (P < 0.01). The Fn level increased in moderate and severe PIH cases than that of mild PIH and control group (P < 0.01). The positive rates of SC5b-9 in study group 1 and study group 2 were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.01). The positive rate of Fn in moderate and severe PIH cases significantly higher than those of mild PIH cases and control group (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Complement was activated by classical pathway. Terminal SC5b-9 complement complex play an important roles in the pathogenesis of PIH and has close relationship with vascular endthelial damage.
|
['Adult', 'Antigen-Antibody Complex', 'Complement Membrane Attack Complex', 'Complement System Proteins', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Female', 'Fibronectins', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy']
| 11,360,651
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.257', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.257', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.257', 'D23.050.101'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.930'], ['D12.776.124.486.274'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Remote critical care consultation: telehealth projection of clinical specialty expertise.
|
Remote critical care consultations have been employed between the Naval Hospital in Guam and the Tripler Army Medical Center in Hawaii, a distance of 5300 km. During a 10-week study period there were physician-physician daily consultation rounds for patients in the intensive care unit at the Naval Hospital. Physiological data, video-images and sound were transmitted via a 768 kbit/s frame relay connection, albeit with a 1-3 s delay. During the study there were 87 consultations concerning 25 patients. Preliminary results showed that a broad range of critical care patients could be managed effectively through daily remote critical care consultation. Broader implementation of this strategy may represent a method of making critical care expertise available to front-line military health-care facilities and to remote civilian facilities with limited critical care expertise.
|
['Critical Care', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Female', 'Guam', 'Hawaii', 'Heart Arrest', 'Hospitals, Military', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Remote Consultation']
| 14,728,748
|
[['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['Z01.639.760.680.435'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.375', 'Z01.639.760.815.482'], ['C14.280.383'], ['N02.278.421.510.180.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.178.847.652.550', 'N04.452.758.849.550', 'N04.590.374.800.550']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Atherosclerotic plaques induced by marble-burying behavior are stabilized by exercise training in experimental atherosclerosis.
|
BACKGROUND: We assessed the hypothesis whether behavioral stress may affect the development of atherosclerosis and whether regular exercise training may influence the composition of atherosclerotic plaques in apolipoprotein (apo) E-deficient mice.METHODS: Atherosclerosis was induced in apo E-deficient mice fed a high fat diet. Exercise training (45 min swimming, 3 times/week) was conducted, and behavioral stress was provoked by glass marble-burying procedure. Mice were treated with marble-burying, marble-burying behavior plus swimming training, and swimming alone over 8 weeks.RESULTS: Exercise training decreased the atherosclerotic lesions, but marble-burying behavior increased the lesions. The plaques containing macrophage accumulation with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression associated with reduced collagen contents were induced in the mice treated with marble-burying. However, ICAM-1 expression was suppressed and collagen contents were reversed in the mice that received marble-burying behavior plus exercise training. In addition, exercise alone and concomitant exercise training reduced the superoxide production in aortic walls, shown by dihydroethidium staining, compared with that in mice with marble-burying behavior alone. There were no significant differences in the serum lipids profiles among the groups.CONCLUSIONS: Behavioral stress increased the atherosclerotic lesions and induced the adhesion molecule expression with superoxide production on the lesions in apo E-deficient mice. Exercise training may stabilize plaque lesions induced by marble-burying behavior in this animal model.
|
['Animals', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Diet, High-Fat', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, 129 Strain', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Physical Conditioning, Animal', 'Plaque, Atherosclerotic', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 20,579,750
|
[['B01.050'], ['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['G07.203.650.240.267'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.025', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.025', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500.025'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['G11.427.410.698.277.280'], ['C23.300.823'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sporadic bilateral adrenal medullary hyperplasia: apparent false positive MIBG scan and expected MRI findings.
|
Adrenal medullary hyperplasia is a rare cause of clinical symptoms and biochemical findings identical to pheochromocytoma occurring mostly in multiple endocrine neoplasia patients. The scenario of positive MIBG scan, but no focal lesion found on CT and MRI led to diagnostic and management difficulties. Like pheochromocytoma, surgical excision can lead to clinical and biochemical recovery. We report this unusual case of sporadic bilateral adrenal medullary hyperplasia, with hypertension and biochemical abnormalities alleviated after surgical adrenalectomy. Based on T2 values reported in literature, high signal focal lesions may not appear on T2-weighted MRI images until development of frank pheochromocytoma. MIBG scan remains the most sensitive imaging modality for this condition.
|
['3-Iodobenzylguanidine', 'Adrenal Gland Neoplasms', 'Adrenal Medulla', 'Adrenalectomy', 'Adult', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hyperplasia', 'Hypertension', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a', 'Pheochromocytoma', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 10,996,755
|
[['D02.078.370.510', 'D02.455.426.559.389.454.300', 'D02.455.526.581.496.300'], ['C04.588.322.078', 'C19.053.347', 'C19.344.078'], ['A06.300.071.265'], ['E04.270.115'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.354.506'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.444'], ['C14.907.489'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C04.588.322.400.505', 'C04.651.600.505', 'C04.700.630.505', 'C16.320.700.630.505', 'C19.344.400.505'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.700.725', 'C04.557.580.625.650.700.725'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Unsuccessful foley catheterization had an unexpected explanation.
|
BACKGROUND: Foley catheterization is a simple procedure routinely performed during many obstetric and gynecologic procedures. Failure to adequately drain the bladder with catheter insertion should prompt further investigation to minimize morbidity to the patient.CASE: After repeated attempts to place a Foley catheter during a cesarean section, the urinary bladder did not drain. Postoperatively, it was found that the catheter was positioned inside the left ureter, and cystoscopy confirmed an ectopic ureter inserting into the proximal urethra.CONCLUSIONS: This case presents an unusual cause of oliguria in an operative patient requiring Foley catheterization. An ectopic ureteral orifice should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient presenting with unexplained oliguria or anuria and failure to decompress the bladder with catheter placement.
|
['Adult', 'Cystoscopy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Oliguria', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ureter', 'Urethral Diseases', 'Urinary Catheterization', 'Urinary Catheters']
| 25,185,614
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.388.250.180', 'E01.370.390.175', 'E04.502.250.180', 'E04.950.774.155'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.934.600', 'C13.351.968.934.600', 'C23.888.942.400'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['A05.810.776'], ['C12.777.767', 'C13.351.968.767'], ['E01.370.390.820', 'E02.148.947', 'E05.157.500'], ['E07.132.625']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Decision-Tree Analysis for Predicting First-Time Pass/Fail Rates for the NCLEX-RN® in Associate Degree Nursing Students.
|
BACKGROUND: Little evidence shows the use of decision-tree algorithms in identifying predictors and analyzing their associations with pass rates for the NCLEX-RN(®) in associate degree nursing students. This longitudinal and retrospective cohort study investigated whether a decision-tree algorithm could be used to develop an accurate prediction model for the students' passing or failing the NCLEX-RN.METHOD: This study used archived data from 453 associate degree nursing students in a selected program. The chi-squared automatic interaction detection analysis of the decision trees module was used to examine the effect of the collected predictors on passing/failing the NCLEX-RN.RESULTS: The actual percentage scores of Assessment Technologies Institute®'s RN Comprehensive Predictor(®) accurately identified students at risk of failing. The classification model correctly classified 92.7% of the students for passing.CONCLUSION: This study applied the decision-tree model to analyze a sequence database for developing a prediction model for early remediation in preparation for the NCLEXRN. [J Nurs Educ. 2016;55(8):454-457.].
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Algorithms', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Decision Trees', 'Education, Nursing, Associate', 'Educational Measurement', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 27,459,432
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['G17.162.500'], ['I02.358.462.233'], ['I02.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Reporting of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in New Zealand--what are the clinical laboratories doing?
|
INTRODUCTION: Recent guidelines recommend automatic reporting of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation with every request for plasma creatinine in patients aged >18 years. We evaluated the uptake of this recommendation in New Zealand at 6 months after the time that these recommendations were made.METHOD: A questionnaire was sent to all laboratories participating in the Royal Australasian College of Pathologists' General Chemistry Quality Assurance Program (RCPA QAP), asking whether laboratories routinely report eGFR, to what extent the specific recommendations have been followed and what feedback there had been from clinicians.RESULTS: Over 69% of New Zealand laboratories report eGFR results with most requests for creatinine in patients aged >18 years. There are, however, significant deviations from the specific recommendations made.CONCLUSIONS: The uptake of eGFR reporting in New Zealand is high. Areas of importance for refinement of eGFR reporting in New Zealand have also been identified. While there has been little feedback from clinicians on eGFR reporting, it is mostly positive.
|
['Adult', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Clinical Laboratory Information Systems', 'Creatinine', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Humans', 'Laboratories', 'New Zealand', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 17,151,711
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N04.452.515.080'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J03.520', 'N02.278.487'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Postoperative respiratory compromise in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: can it be anticipated?
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to describe the postoperative respiratory complications after tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy (T and/or A) in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), to define which children are at risk for these complications, and to determine whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective strategy for dealing with these complications.METHODS: The data for this study were gathered through a retrospective chart review of all children 15 years of age or younger with polysomnographically (PSG) proven OSAS who had a T and/or A at Hennepin County Medical Center between January 1985 and September 1992. Particular attention was paid to factors that contributed to the OSAS, postoperative respiratory complications, and intervention strategies for dealing with these complications.RESULTS: The charts of 37 children with OSAS documented by preoperative PSG who later had a T and/or A were reviewed retrospectively. Ten of these children had significant postoperative respiratory compromise secondary to OSAS that prolonged their hospital stay from 1 to 30 days and caused symptoms ranging from O2 desaturation < 80% to respiratory failure. These children were younger and had significant associated medical problems that contributed to or resulted from their OSAS in addition to large tonsils and adenoids. The associated medical problems included craniofacial anomalies, hypotonia, morbid obesity, previous upper airway trauma, cor pulmonale, and failure to thrive. The children with postoperative respiratory complications also had more severe apnea on their preoperative PSG. One child had a uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) in addition to the T & A. Taken together, the history, physical and neurological examination, and the PSG were able to identify successfully the children who subsequently developed respiratory compromise secondary to OSAS after a T and/or A. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and bilevel CPAP was used successfully to manage the preoperative and/or postoperative upper airway obstruction in five of these children.CONCLUSIONS: Based on these findings, overnight observation is recommended with an apnea monitor and oximeter for patients undergoing a T and/or A who have OSAS and meet any of the following high-risk clinical criteria: (1) < 2 years of age, (2) craniofacial anomalies affecting the pharyngeal airway particularly midfacial hypoplasia or micro/retrognathia, (3) failure to thrive, (4) hypotonia, (5) cor pulmonale, (6) morbid obesity, and (7) previous upper airway trauma; or high-risk PSG criteria: (1) respiratory distress index (RDI) > 40 and (2) SaO2 nadir < 70%; or undergoing a UPPP in addition to the T and/or A. Nasal CPAP/bilevel CPAP can be used to manage the preoperative and/or postoperative upper airway obstruction in patients with OSAS undergoing a T and/or A.
|
['Adenoidectomy', 'Airway Obstruction', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Positive-Pressure Respiration', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Respiratory Insufficiency', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sleep Apnea Syndromes', 'Tonsillectomy']
| 8,165,079
|
[['E04.580.068'], ['C08.618.846.185'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E02.041.625.790', 'E02.880.820.790'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C08.618.846'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C08.618.085.852', 'C10.886.425.800.750'], ['E04.580.848']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Molecular analysis of the genes for human class II antigens of the major histocompatibility complex.
|
Different cDNA clones have been isolated that encode each of the three chains of HLA-DR antigens: alpha, intermediate and beta, as well as another beta chain, most likely DC. Whereas the DR alpha and intermediate chains seem encoded by single genes, the DR and DC beta chains are most likely encoded by multiple genes; furthermore, their polymorphism can be readily detected by restriction analysis of cellular DNA. Several genomic DNA clones were isolated for the DR and DC beta chain genes and for the intermediate chain gene. The sum of all distinct cDNA clones and genomic DNA clones for HLA-DR beta chains, isolated from a heterozygous cell line, represent five genes. This implies the existence of at least three nonallelic DR beta chain genes in addition to the DC beta chain genes. The complete sequence of one of the DR beta chains is presented. A genomic DNA clone for a DR beta chain was transferred into mouse L cells and found to be expressed into RNA of the same size as DR beta mRNA. The finding, among the genes for class II antigens, of multiple genes for the beta chain of HLA-DR, distinct from those of other known subregions such as DC, emphasizes the importance of gene transfer experiments, where individual genes can be expressed and tested for their functional role in the immune response.
|
['Alleles', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes', 'Genes, MHC Class II', 'Humans', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Major Histocompatibility Complex', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Transformation, Genetic']
| 6,414,998
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610.600', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500.600', 'G12.500.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500', 'G12.500.500'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G05.728.865']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Perceived occupational stress and related factors in public health nurses.
|
The purposes of this study were to explore perceived occupational stress and related factors in public health nurses (PHNs). A convenient sampling method was used to recruit the subjects. Seven out of 12 district health centers in Taipei City and all 11 district health centers in Kaohsiung City agreed to participate in this study. Of the 171 PHNs invited to participate, 167 (97.7%) completed all mailing questionnaires. Findings showed that (1) the major sources of occupational stress in PHNs were personal responsibility and workloads, and (2) PHNs with younger age, shorter length of current working experience, longer past clinical experience, higher level of education, and less pre-job or on-job continuous education perceived more occupational stress. The findings indicate that it is necessary to develop stress-alleviating programs to reduce occupational stress in PHNs. Designing a systematic in-service training program to enhance working competency and performance of PHNs is also suggested.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Burnout, Professional', 'Education, Nursing, Continuing', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inservice Training', 'Job Satisfaction', 'Needs Assessment', "Nurse's Role", 'Nursing Methodology Research', 'Nursing Staff', 'Occupational Health', 'Public Health Nursing', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Taiwan', 'Workload']
| 12,522,738
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['C24.580.500', 'F01.145.126.990.367.500', 'F02.830.900.333.500'], ['I02.358.212.450', 'I02.358.462.399'], ['N01.824.196'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.574'], ['F02.784.692.425'], ['I02.594', 'N03.349.380.565', 'N05.300.537'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.450', 'N05.300.100.337'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.634', 'H02.478.395.634', 'N04.590.233.508.613.634'], ['M01.526.485.680', 'N02.360.680'], ['N01.400.525'], ['H02.478.676.755'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850'], ['I03.946.225.500', 'N04.452.677.650.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Quantitative assessment of HER2 amplification in HER2-positive breast cancer: its association with clinical outcomes.
|
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an effective therapeutic target in breast cancer. However, not all patients benefit from trastuzumab-based therapy. We aimed to investigate whether patients with different levels of HER2 amplification would experience different clinical outcomes with trastuzumab-based chemotherapy. We quantified the HER2 gene copy number (GCN) and HER2/centromere chromosome probe 17 (CEP17) ratio in 291 breast cancer patients with HER2 amplification confirmed by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The optimal cutoff points for HER2 GCN and the HER2/CEP17 ratios for distinguishing positive results were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. ROC analysis identified optimal cutoff points for HER2 GCN and HER2/CEP17 ratios as 11.5 and 6.5 (P = 0.039 and P = 0.012), respectively. The DFS in patients with HER2 GCN <11.5 was significantly longer than in HER2 GCN ?11.5 patients (P = 0.015) according to Kaplan-Meier survival curves analysis. Similarly, patients with HER2/CEP17 ratios <6.5 had a significantly longer DFS than those with HER2/CEP17 ratios ?6.5 (P = 0.013). Moreover, patients with HER2 cluster amplification showed a worse survival than those with HER2 non-cluster amplification (P = 0.041). This study demonstrated a significant association between the level of HER2 amplification and survival time in a relatively large cohort of HER2-positive breast cancer patients undergoing trastuzumab-based chemotherapy. Further investigations of more precise quantitative measurements and larger cohorts are required to define this threshold.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Centromere', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17', 'Female', 'Gene Amplification', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'ROC Curve', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'Survival Analysis', 'Trastuzumab', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 25,762,478
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.165', 'G05.360.160.165'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.415.425', 'G05.360.162.520.300.415.425'], ['G05.308.250', 'G05.365.590.310', 'G05.558.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.875', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.875', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.875'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The influence of reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi on the clinical response to ofloxacin therapy.
|
BACKGROUND: Infection with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones has been associated with fluoroquinolone treatment failure. We studied the relationship between ofloxacin treatment response and the ofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the infecting isolate. Individual patient data from seven randomised controlled trials of antimicrobial treatment in enteric fever conducted in Vietnam in which ofloxacin was used in at least one of the treatment arms was studied. Data from 540 patients randomised to ofloxacin treatment was analysed to identify an MIC of the infecting organism associated with treatment failure.PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The proportion of patients failing ofloxacin treatment was significantly higher in patients infected with S. Typhi isolates with an MIC?0.25 µg/mL compared with those infections with an MIC of ?0.125 µg/mL (p<0.001). Treatment success was 96% when the ofloxacin MIC was ?0.125 µg/mL, 73% when the MIC was between 0.25 and 0.50 µg/mL and 53% when the MIC was 1.00 µg/mL. This was despite a longer duration of treatment at a higher dosage in patients infected with isolates with an MIC?0.25 µg/mL compared with those infections with an MIC of ?0.125 µg/mL.SIGNIFICANCE: There is a clear relationship between ofloxacin susceptibility and clinical outcome in ofloxacin treated patients with enteric fever. An ofloxacin MIC of ?0.25 µg/mL, or the presence of nalidixic acid resistance, can be used to define S. Typhi infections in which the response to ofloxacin may be impaired.
|
['Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Humans', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Ofloxacin', 'Salmonella typhi', 'Treatment Failure', 'Typhoid Fever', 'Vietnam']
| 21,713,025
|
[['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.500'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.800', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.750'], ['E01.789.800.760', 'N04.761.559.590.800.760', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.760'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821.873'], ['Z01.252.145.945']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Endogenous auxin determines the pattern of adventitious shoot formation on internodal segments of ipecac.
|
MAIN CONCLUSION: Endogenous auxin determines the pattern of adventitious shoot formation. Auxin produced in the dominant shoot is transported to the internodal segment and suppresses growth of other shoots. Adventitious shoot formation is required for the propagation of economically important crops and for the regeneration of transgenic plants. In most plant species, phytohormones are added to culture medium to induce adventitious shoots. In ipecac (Carapichea ipecacuanha (Brot.) L. Andersson), however, adventitious shoots can be formed without phytohormone treatment. Thus, ipecac culture allows us to investigate the effects of endogenous phytohormones during adventitious shoot formation. In phytohormone-free culture, adventitious shoots were formed on the apical region of the internodal segments, and a high concentration of IAA was detected in the basal region. To explore the relationship between endogenous auxin and adventitious shoot formation, we evaluated the effects of auxin transport inhibitors, auxin antagonists, and auxin biosynthesis inhibitors on adventitious shoot formation in ipecac. Auxin antagonists and biosynthesis inhibitors strongly suppressed adventitious shoot formation, which was restored by exogenously applied auxin. Auxin biosynthesis and transport inhibitors significantly decreased the IAA level in the basal region and shifted the positions of adventitious shoot formation from the apical region to the middle region of the segments. These data indicate that auxin determines the positions of the shoots formed on internodal segments of ipecac. Only one of the shoots formed grew vigorously; this phenomenon is similar to apical dominance. When the largest shoot was cut off, other shoots started to grow. Naphthalene-1-acetic acid treatment of the cut surface suppressed shoot growth, indicating that auxin produced in the dominant shoot is transported to the internodal segment and suppresses growth of other shoots.
|
['Biological Transport', 'Frozen Sections', 'Indoleacetic Acids', 'Ipecac', 'Plant Growth Regulators', 'Plant Roots', 'Plant Shoots', 'Plants, Genetically Modified']
| 32,140,780
|
[['G03.143'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.530.160.260', 'E01.370.225.750.600.530.160.260', 'E05.200.500.620.530.160.260', 'E05.200.750.600.530.160.260'], ['D03.066.288', 'D03.633.100.473.404'], ['D20.215.784.500.450'], ['D27.505.696.377.760'], ['A18.400'], ['A18.024.875'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adsorption of HCN on reduced graphene oxides: a first-principles study.
|
The interactions between HCN and reduced graphene oxides (rGO) are investigated using first-principles calculations with M06-2X functional. The results show that the adsorption of HCN on rGO is generally stronger than that on graphene, which is due to the presence of the active defect sites in rGO, such as the hydroxyl, epoxide, and carboxyl functional groups and even the carbon atom near these groups. The interaction between HCN and rGO with oxygen-containing group can result in the formation of hydrogen bonds, N · · · H and O · · · H. The adsorption of HCN on rGO depends on the type and location of oxygen-containing group in rGO. Carboxyl group on rGO is much more attractive for HCN than hydroxyl and epoxide group. The adsorption of HCN is much stronger in rGO with oxygen-containing group on the surface than that at the edge. The adsorption of HCN on rGO with carboxyl attached to vacancy on the surface is the strongest.
|
['Adsorption', 'Graphite', 'Hydroxyl Radical', 'Models, Chemical', 'Models, Molecular', 'Oxides']
| 24,691,535
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D01.268.150.300', 'D01.578.300'], ['D01.045.250.357', 'D01.248.497.158.459.300', 'D01.339.431.249'], ['E05.599.495'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D01.248.497.158.685', 'D01.650.550']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The relationship between perinatal hypoxia and newborn encephalopathy.
|
Newborn encephalopathy was observed in 30% of 303 selected high-risk preterm and term newborn infants. The newborn encephalopathy was mild or moderate in 65 children and severe in 27. The predictive significance of newborn encephalopathy to motor and cognitive deficits at 1 year was evident from the incidence of deficits in the children with no encephalopathy (17%), in children with mild or moderate encephalopathy (25%), and in children with severe encephalopathy (55%). The biologic risk factors with a significant association with newborn encephalopathy included severe intrapartum fetal hypoxia, moderate and severe newborn respiratory complications, and major infections. Perinatal hypoxia was associated with, and may have contributed to, 26% of the cases of mild and moderate newborn encephalopathy and 66% of the cases of severe newborn encephalopathy. Fetal and newborn hypoxia occurred with equal frequencies in cases of mild and moderate encephalopathy; however, newborn hypoxia was twice as frequent as fetal hypoxia in cases of severe newborn encephalopathy.
|
['Brain Diseases', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Developmental Disabilities', 'Female', 'Fetal Hypoxia', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature, Diseases', 'Infections', 'Motor Activity', 'Pregnancy', 'Respiration Disorders', 'Risk', 'Seizures', 'Socioeconomic Factors']
| 2,408,473
|
[['C10.228.140'], ['F03.615.250'], ['F03.625.421'], ['C13.703.277.390', 'C16.300.420', 'C23.888.852.079.594'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C16.614.521'], ['C01'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C08.618'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The evolution of spite: population structure and bacteriocin-mediated antagonism in two natural populations of xenorhabdus bacteria.
|
Spite occurs when an individual harms itself in the act of harming other individuals. Such behaviors were once assumed to be of limited evolutionary importance, as the conditions for the evolution of spite were thought to be too restrictive. Recent theoretical work, however, suggests that spatial population structure, which allows local competition among genotypes, could favor the evolution of spite. One of the clearest examples of spite is the costly production and release by bacteria of toxins (called bacteriocins) that can kill unrelated strains of the same species. Here, we establish the existence of spatial structure in two natural populations of bacteriocin-producing bacteria. Specifically, relatedness decreased with increasing spatial distance between the field isolates. In addition, toxin-mediated inhibitions were found only between isolates that were collected more than 1 m apart and that were generally less than 80% similar in their genomic fingerprints. Taken together, the results suggest that the bacteria are spatially structured, with mixing of genotypes and spiteful interactions at the boundaries between demes.
|
['Bacterial Physiological Phenomena', 'Bacteriocins', 'Biological Evolution', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genotype', 'Models, Genetic', 'Models, Statistical', 'Species Specificity', 'Xenorhabdus']
| 20,584,073
|
[['G06.099'], ['D12.776.097.151', 'D12.776.543.695.110'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['E01.354.506'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.380'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['G16.824'], ['B03.440.450.425.890', 'B03.660.250.150.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Inhibitory properties of nucleotides with difluoromethylenephosphonic acid as a phosphate mimic versus calf spleen purine nucleoside phosphorylase and effect of these analogues on the viability of human blood lymphocytes.
|
Several cyclic and acyclic 6-keto purine nucleotides with difluoromethylenephosphonic acid as phosphate mimic are proved to be potent inhibitors of mammalian purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP). Antiproliferative activity of these analogues on the growth of human blood lymphocytes was tested by MTT assay. Compared to inhibitory effects on the growth of human blood T-lymphocytes isolated from healthy donors, all analogues significantly slow down proliferation of T-lymphocytes isolated from patients with autoimmune thyroid disease--Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Drug Design', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Hashimoto Disease', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Lymphocytes', 'Purine Nucleotides', 'Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase', 'Spleen']
| 18,058,523
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['C19.874.871.102.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['D03.633.100.759.646', 'D13.695.667'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.800'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Heterogeneous vascular response to vasopressin: radial artery versus forearm blood flow.
|
BACKGROUND: Arginine vasopressin (AVP) administered intra-arterially to normal volunteers exerts a biphasic effect on forearm blood flow when the effect is extrapolated from plethysmographic measurements.OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the high-dose AVP-induced increase in forearm blood flow could be confirmed when calculating blood flow from continuous radial artery diameter and flow velocity recordings obtained by using a high-resolution echotracking device combined with a Doppler system.METHODS: Increasing doses (0.04-0.8 ng/kg per min) of AVP were infused into a brachial artery of seven normal male volunteers (aged 21-33 years). Forearm blood flow derived from venous occlusion plethysmography was assessed simultaneously with proximal radial artery blood flow calculated from luminal area and flow velocity measurements.RESULTS: Confirming previous reports, plethysmography showed an increase in global forearm blood flow by > 100% with AVP concentrations > or = 0.2 ng/kg per min. In contrast, direct measurements of lumen diameter and blood flow velocity in the radial artery revealed a marked dose-dependent vasoconstriction with a > 30% decline in blood flow at the highest AVP concentration.CONCLUSIONS: The discrepancy between the two measurements suggests that AVP has a dual effect on forearm haemodynamics. At high AVP concentration, the muscle blood flow increase predominates over the vasoconstriction in the skin circulation. Furthermore, this study strongly suggests a heterogeneity of the vascular response to vasomediators by showing that opposing responses exist not only between resistive and conduit vessels but also between conduit arteries of a common vascular bed.
|
['Adult', 'Arginine Vasopressin', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Forearm', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intra-Arterial', 'Male', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Plethysmography', 'Radial Artery', 'Skin', 'Vasoconstriction']
| 9,050,968
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781.100', 'D12.644.400.900.100', 'D12.644.456.925.100', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781.100', 'D12.776.631.650.937.100'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['A01.378.800.585'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.510.520'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['E01.370.370.610'], ['A07.015.114.740'], ['A17.815'], ['G09.330.380.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cricket: fast bowler's back and thrower's shoulder.
|
Preventive measures are important in cricket. Although not associated with as high an incidence of injury as contact sports, sudden bursts of extreme exertion after long periods of inactivity in cricket carry their own morbidity.
|
['Athletic Injuries', 'Humans', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Shoulder Dislocation', 'Spondylolisthesis', 'Spondylolysis', 'Sports', 'Sports Medicine']
| 2,602,322
|
[['C26.115'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['C05.550.518.750', 'C26.289.750', 'C26.803.125'], ['C05.116.900.938.500.500'], ['C05.116.900.938.500'], ['I03.450.642.845'], ['H02.403.830']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Radicals involved in photoallergen/protein interactions.
|
Aqueous solutions (pH = 8) of both 3,3'-dimethyl and 4,4'-dimethyl substituted analogues of the photoallergen fentichlor (bis(2-hydroxy-5-chlorophenyl)sulphide) produced stable semiquinone radicals when irradiated with u.v. light (greater than 310 nm). These radicals have been characterised using electron spin resonance techniques: the results confirm the assignment of hyperfine coupling constants for the parent fentichlor radical. The binding of fentichlor to HSA was found to be partly oxygen dependent demonstrating a role for semiquinone type radicals in the binding mechanism. The stoichiometry and specificity of the binding of the dimethyl analogues to soluble proteins were found to be similar to that of fentichlor itself.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents, Local', 'Binding Sites', 'Chlorophenols', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Free Radicals', 'Humans', 'Methylation', 'Molecular Structure', 'Oxygen', 'Photochemistry', 'Photosensitivity Disorders', 'Proteins', 'Serum Albumin', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 2,550,330
|
[['D27.505.954.122.187'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.261.190', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.190'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['H01.181.529.711'], ['C17.800.600'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Treatment of advanced heart failure in women: heart transplantation and ventricular assist devices].
|
Women candidates for heart transplantation are definitely less than men, just 20% of all patients transplanted; even in the INTERMACS registry they represent only 21% of all ventricular assist devices (VAD) implanted. The reasons for this big difference are discussed in this article. Why women are less frequently assessed for unconventional therapies? Are they sicker or just less regarded? Our experience and the literature show us clear epidemiological, clinical and treatment differences that could lead to a lower prevalence of end-stage disease in women of an age suitable for unconventional therapies. Once on the transplant list, women wait less than men for a heart transplant, because they present with more severe disease, have a lower body mass index and undergo less VAD implants. After transplantation women's survival is comparable to men's, although they usually complain of a lower quality of life. Females receive less often a VAD than men. The main reasons for this include presentation with advanced heart failure at an older age than men, worse outcomes related to small body surface area, and lower survival rates on VAD when implanted as bridge to heart transplantation.
|
['Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Heart Transplantation', 'Heart-Assist Devices', 'Humans', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 23,678,533
|
[['C14.280.434'], ['E04.100.376.475', 'E04.928.220.390', 'E04.936.450.475'], ['E04.050.430', 'E07.695.300.300', 'E07.858.082.374.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A new direct Fourier transform infrared analysis of free fatty acids in edible oils using spectral reconstitution.
|
A new transmission-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic method for the direct determination of free fatty acids (FFA) in edible oils has been developed using the developed spectral reconstitution (SR) technique. Conventional neat-oil and SR calibrations were devised by spiking hexanoic acid into FFA-free canola oil and measuring the response to added FFA at 1,712 cm(-1) referenced to a baseline at 1,600 cm(-1)(1,712 cm(-1)/1,600 cm(-1)). To compensate for the known oil dependency of such calibration equations resulting from variation of the triacylglycerol ester (C?O) absorption with differences in oil saponification number (SN), a correction equation was devised by recording the spectra of blends of two FFA-free oils (canola and coconut) differing substantially in SN and correlating the intensity of the ester (C?O) absorption at the FFA measurement location with the intensity of the first overtone of this vibration, measured at 3,471 cm(-1)/3,427 cm(-1). Further examination of the spectra of the oil blends by generalized 2D correlation spectroscopy revealed an additional strong correlation with an absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) combination band region, which led to the development of a second correction equation based on the absorbance at 4,258 cm(-1)/4,235 cm(-1). The NIR-based correction equation yielded superior results and was shown to completely eliminate biases due to variations in oil SN, thereby making a single FFA calibration generally applicable to oils, regardless of SN. FTIR methodology incorporating this correction equation and employing the SR technique has been automated.
|
['Calibration', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Food Analysis', 'Plant Oils', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared']
| 21,556,753
|
[['E05.978.155'], ['D10.251.310'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The taxonomic implication of frontal tubercles in <i>Polypedilum</i> subgenera diagnoses, with re-description of <i>Polypedilum</i> <i>isigabeceum</i> Sasa & Suzuki (Diptera, Chironomidae).
|
Polypedilum isigabeceum Sasa et Suzuki, 2000 was described as belonging to subgenus Polypedilum s. str. However, if we accept the conclusion of S?ther et al. (2010), the species might be placed into Kribionympha with P. unagiquartum Sasa, 1985 because of the presence of distinct frontal tubercles in the adult males. However, other taxonomic characters do not support their treatment. P. isigabeceum is re-described and reconfirmed to be assigned to the subgenus Polypedilum s. str. The taxonomic meaning of frontal tubercles is discussed for defining the subgeneric rankings within genus Polypedilum.
|
['Animal Distribution', 'Animal Structures', 'Animals', 'Body Size', 'Chironomidae', 'Male', 'Organ Size']
| 27,988,711
|
[['F01.145.113.069', 'G16.049'], ['A13'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.750'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Heavy metal deposition and variation in sedimentation rate within a sedimentary basin in Central Gulf of Finland.
|
In studies dealing with the chemical distribution of elements in marine soft sediments, variations in sedimentation rate within a basin can bias the interpretation of the data. A basin in the central part of the Gulf of Finland was sampled at nine sampling sites along a transect, 1.2 nautical miles long. Gravity cores of the topmost recent sediment were analysed for nitric acid leachable concentrations of heavy metals. Almost without exceptions the metal concentrations were lower in the surface sediment, indicating a decrease in pollution load during the last decade. The sedimentation rates within the basin differed substantially, from 2.5 mm a-1 to some 15 mm a-1. Without dating of the sediments, the comparison of different cores is almost impossible. Dating is essential, as is thorough investigation of the basins used in sediment monitoring.
|
['Environmental Monitoring', 'Finland', 'Geologic Sediments', 'Metals, Heavy', 'Reference Values', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 10,101,854
|
[['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['G01.311.330', 'G16.500.320'], ['D01.268.556', 'D01.552.544'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Partial immunochemical identity between (Na+ + K+)-ATPase and a membrane component extractable with chloroform: methanol.
|
An IgG fraction prepared from an antiserum against a holoenzyme preparation of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase precipitated a single antigen when samples of holoenzyme were subjected to crossed immunoelectrophoresis but precipitated an additional, immunochemically-related antigen when a plasma membrane-enriched fraction was subjected to crossed immunoelectrophoresis under the same conditions. The immunochemically-related antigen could be extracted from the plasma membrane fraction with CHCl3:CH3OH.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens', 'Cell Membrane', 'Chloroform', 'Ducks', 'Immunochemistry', 'Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional', 'Methanol', 'Salt Gland', 'Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase']
| 3,013,445
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D02.455.526.439.224', 'D02.455.526.913.810'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.050.200', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.345'], ['H01.158.201.486', 'H01.181.122.605', 'H02.403.044.500'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350.350.350', 'E05.196.401.568.520', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350.350.350', 'E05.301.300.568.520', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350.350.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350.350.350'], ['D02.033.623'], ['A13.811'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.162.780', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.880', 'D12.776.157.530.813.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.800', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.890', 'D12.776.543.585.813.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development of a Kinect Software Tool to Classify Movements during Active Video Gaming.
|
While it has been established that using full body motion to play active video games results in increased levels of energy expenditure, there is little information on the classification of human movement during active video game play in relationship to fundamental movement skills. The aim of this study was to validate software utilising Kinect sensor motion capture technology to recognise fundamental movement skills (FMS), during active video game play. Two human assessors rated jumping and side-stepping and these assessments were compared to the Kinect Action Recognition Tool (KART), to establish a level of agreement and determine the number of movements completed during five minutes of active video game play, for 43 children (m = 12 years 7 months ± 1 year 6 months). During five minutes of active video game play, inter-rater reliability, when examining the two human raters, was found to be higher for the jump (r = 0.94, p < .01) than the sidestep (r = 0.87, p < .01), although both were excellent. Excellent reliability was also found between human raters and the KART system for the jump (r = 0.84, p, .01) and moderate reliability for sidestep (r = 0.6983, p < .01) during game play, demonstrating that both humans and KART had higher agreement for jumps than sidesteps in the game play condition. The results of the study provide confidence that the Kinect sensor can be used to count the number of jumps and sidestep during five minutes of active video game play with a similar level of accuracy as human raters. However, in contrast to humans, the KART system required a fraction of the time to analyse and tabulate the results.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Joints', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Movement', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Software', 'Video Games']
| 27,442,437
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['L01.224.900'], ['I03.450.642.693.930', 'L01.224.900.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The EH-domain-containing protein Pan1 is required for normal organization of the actin cytoskeleton in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
Normal cell growth and division in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae involve dramatic and frequent changes in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Previous studies have suggested that the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in accordance with cell cycle progression is controlled, directly or indirectly, by the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28. Here we report that by isolating rapid-death mutants in the background of the Start-deficient cdc28-4 mutation, the essential yeast gene PAN1, previously thought to encode the yeast poly(A) nuclease, is identified as a new factor required for normal organization of the actin cytoskeleton. We show that at restrictive temperature, the pan1 mutant exhibited abnormal bud growth, failed to maintain a proper distribution of the actin cytoskeleton, was unable to reorganize actin the cytoskeleton during cell cycle, and was defective in cytokinesis. The mutant also displayed a random pattern of budding even at permissive temperature. Ectopic expression of PAN1 by the GAL promoter caused abnormal distribution of the actin cytoskeleton when a single-copy vector was used. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the Pan1 protein colocalized with the cortical actin patches, suggesting that it may be a filamentous actin-binding protein. The Pan1 protein contains an EF-hand calcium-binding domain, a putative Src homology 3 (SH3)-binding domain, a region similar to the actin cytoskeleton assembly control protein Sla1, and two repeats of a newly identified protein motif known as the EH domain. These findings suggest that Pan1, recently recognized as not responsible for the poly(A) nuclease activity (A. B. Sachs and J. A. Deardorff, erratum, Cell 83:1059, 1995; R. Boeck, S. Tarun, Jr., M. Rieger, J. A. Deardorff, S. Muller-Auer, and A. B. Sachs, J. Biol. Chem. 271:432-438, 1996), plays an important role in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton in S. cerevisiae.
|
['Actins', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Cell Cycle', 'Chitin', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Microfilament Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'src Homology Domains']
| 8,756,649
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G04.144'], ['D05.750.078.139', 'D09.698.211'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D05.750.078.730', 'D12.776.220.525'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of MiRNA from eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) by small RNA deep sequencing and their response to Verticillium dahliae infection.
|
MiRNAs are a class of non-coding small RNAs that play important roles in the regulation of gene expression. Although plant miRNAs have been extensively studied in model systems, less is known in other plants with limited genome sequence data, including eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). To identify miRNAs in eggplant and their response to Verticillium dahliae infection, a fungal pathogen for which clear understanding of infection mechanisms and effective cure methods are currently lacking, we deep-sequenced two small RNA (sRNA) libraries prepared from mock-infected and infected seedlings of eggplants. Specifically, 30,830,792 reads produced 7,716,328 unique miRNAs representing 99 known miRNA families that have been identified in other plant species. Two novel putative miRNAs were predicted with eggplant ESTs. The potential targets of the identified known and novel miRNAs were also predicted based on sequence homology search. It was observed that the length distribution of obtained sRNAs and the expression of 6 miRNA families were obviously different between the two libraries. These results provide a framework for further analysis of miRNAs and their role in regulating plant response to fungal infection and Verticillium wilt in particular.
|
['Ascomycota', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'MicroRNAs', 'Plant Diseases', 'RNA, Plant', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA', 'Solanum melongena']
| 24,015,279
|
[['B01.300.107'], ['G05.308.375'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['G15.610'], ['D13.444.735.635'], ['E05.393.760.710'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.725.666']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Syncope due to Brugada syndrome in a young athlete.
|
A 30-year-old male athlete with exercise-related syncopal symptoms spontaneously exhibited a type 1 Brugada ECG and was inducible during electrophysiology study. He was diagnosed with symptomatic Brugada syndrome and deemed at high risk of sudden cardiac death. Thus, he received a cardioverter/defibrillator and was advised to abstain from further competitive sports activities. This case points to a role of the ECG in pre-participation screening. It also demonstrates that, in athletes with Brugada syndrome, repolarisation anomalies may be markedly attenuated during vigorous exercise and considerably increased immediately after exercise. The observed J-wave amplitude dynamics suggests enhancement of pre-existing autonomic dysfunction through heavy exertion.
|
['Adult', 'Brugada Syndrome', 'Death, Sudden, Cardiac', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Sports', 'Syncope']
| 17,138,637
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.067.322', 'C14.280.123.250', 'C16.320.100'], ['C14.280.383.220', 'C23.550.260.322.250'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I03.450.642.845'], ['C10.597.606.358.800.600', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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N-[(omega-amino-1-hydroxyalkyl)phenyl]methanesulfonamide derivatives with class III antiarrhythmic activity.
|
N-[4-[4-(Ethylheptylamino)-1-hydroxybutyl]phenyl]methanesulfonamid e, (E)-2-butenedioate (2:1) salt (ibutilide fumarate, 2E), has been found to have Class III antiarrhythmic activity. In an in vitro rabbit heart tissue preparation designed to evaluate the cardiac electrophysiology of potential antiarrhythmic agents, it selectively prolongs the effective refractory period of papillary muscle. In vivo it increases the ventricular refractory period of the canine heart and prevents the ventricular arrhythmias induced by programmed electrical stimulation 3-9 days after a myocardial infarction. This paper describes the synthesis of 2E and a series of related compounds. The in vitro evaluation of the cardiac electrophysiology of these compounds has allowed us to determine the structural requirements for Class III antiarrhythmic activity in this series. Evaluation of the antiarrhythmic activity of 2E and one of the more potent analogues on the late postinfarction ventricular arrhythmias induced by programmed electrical stimulation of the canine myocardium is also described. This activity is compared with that of the Class III antiarrhythmic agent sotalol. Compound 2E appears to be as effective and 10-30 times more potent than sotalol in this model.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Arrhythmia Agents', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Heart Ventricles', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Male', 'Molecular Structure', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Rabbits', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Sulfonamides', 'Ventricular Function']
| 1,992,131
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.411.097'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A07.541'], ['A07.541.560'], ['E05.481'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['G09.330.955']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Endotoxin alteration of muscle microvascular renin-angiotensin responses.
|
Endotoxin decreases arteriolar sensitivity to norepinephrine and sympathetic neural activity, but vasopressin sensitivity is increased. Vascular responses to the renin-angiotensin system may also be altered by endotoxin (ENDT). Reactivity of cremaster muscle microvessels of pentobarbital anesthetized Wistar rats was studied using videomicroscopy. Escherichia coli endotoxin (6 mg/kg) was infused i.v. over a 1 hr period. Femoral arterial pressure (Pm) and arteriolar diameter changes, to i.a. bolus injections (60 ng) of angiotensin II (AII) were obtained in Group A at control and at 30 and 90 min post-ENDT, and in Group B at control, 30 min after continuous infusion of saralasin (10 micrograms/min/kg) began, and at 30 and 90 min post-endotoxin. In Group A, the control Pm was 106 +/- 4 mm Hg, and at 30 and 90 min post-ENDT was 96 +/- 4 and 89 +/- 7 mm Hg. All increased Pm 29 +/- 4% before ENDT but the increase was significantly less (P less than .05) at 7 +/- 1% and 6 +/- 1% 30 and 90 min post-ENDT. In Group B, the control Pm was 116 +/- 6 mm Hg, 103 +/- 5 after saralasin, 85 +/- 2 after ENDT infusion, and 83 +/- 4 and 63 +/- 8 mm Hg at 30 and 90 min post-ENDT. All increased Pm 34 +/- 7% before saralasin but only 5 +/- 2% (P less than .05) during saralasin infusion. In Group A, the A1 and A2 arterioles were constricted significantly more post-endotoxin by AII than during control. A3 arterioles post-endotoxin were constricted similar to control amounts by AII.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Angiotensin II', 'Animals', 'Arterioles', 'Blood Pressure', 'Endotoxins', 'Male', 'Muscles', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Renin', 'Saralasin', 'Shock, Septic', 'Vasoconstriction', 'Venules']
| 1,611,706
|
[['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.060', 'A07.015.461.080'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D23.946.123.329'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750'], ['D12.644.456.073.041.800', 'D23.469.050.050.050.700'], ['C01.757.800', 'C23.550.470.790.500.800', 'C23.550.835.900.712'], ['G09.330.380.925'], ['A07.015.461.920', 'A07.015.908.952']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Studies of the allosteric properties of maize leaf phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase with the phosphoenolpyruvate analog phosphomycin as activator.
|
The antibiotic phosphomycin (1,2-epoxypropylphosphonic acid), an analog of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), behaved not as an inhibitor, but as an activator, of the enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) from maize leaves. Multiple activation studies indicated that the analog binds to the Glc6P-allosteric site producing a more activated enzyme than Glc6P itself. Because of this, we used phosphomycin as a tool to further extend our understanding of the mechanisms of allosteric regulation of C4-PEPC. Initial velocity data from detailed kinetic studies, in which the concentrations of free and Mg-complexed PEP and phosphomycin were controlled, are consistent with: (1) the true activator is free phosphomycin, which competes with free PEP for the Glc6P-allosteric site; and (2) the Mg-phosphomycin complex caused inhibition by binding to the active site in competition with MgPEP. Therefore, although the Glc6P-allosteric site and the active site are able to bind the same ligands, they differ in the form of substrate and activator they bind. This important difference allows the full expression of the potential of activation and prevents inhibition by the activators, including the physiological ones, which are mostly uncomplexed at physiological free Mg2+ concentrations. At fixed low substrate concentrations, the saturation kinetics of the enzyme by phosphomycin showed positive cooperativity at pH 7.3 and 8.3, although at the latter pH, the kinetics of saturation by the substrate was hyperbolic. The cosolute glycerol greatly increased the affinity of the enzyme for phosphomycin and abolished the cooperativity in its binding, but did not eliminate the heterotropic effects of the activator. Therefore, the heterotropic and homotropic effects of the activator are not always coupled to the homotropic effects of the substrate, which argues against the two-state model previously proposed to explain the allosteric properties of maize-leaf PEPC.
|
['Allosteric Regulation', 'Drug Interactions', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Fosfomycin', 'Glycerol', 'Kinetics', 'Magnesium', 'Models, Chemical', 'Phosphoenolpyruvate', 'Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase', 'Plant Leaves', 'Zea mays']
| 9,675,261
|
[['G02.111.044'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D02.705.429.625'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['E05.599.495'], ['D02.241.511.701'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.650'], ['A18.024.812'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Novel photodynamic effects of a benzophenothiazine on two different murine sarcomas.
|
The photochemotherapeutic properties of a novel benzophenothiazine, 5-ethylamino-9-diethylaminobenzo[a]phenothiazinium chloride, were assessed in vitro and in vivo against two murine mammary sarcoma models (EMT-6 and RIF). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of EMT-6 and RIF cells following a 30-min incubation with dye (0.4 microgram/ml) and a light dose of 3.3 J/cm2 killed 87.0 and 99.6% of the cells, respectively. Over this same time period, RIF cells accumulate more than twice the amount of dye than the EMT-6 cell line [7.54 +/- 0.17 (SD) versus 3.11 +/- 0.15 nmol/10(6) cells] which probably accounts for their increased sensitivity to PDT. Conversely, in vivo, the EMT-6 tumor accumulates 3 times more dye (34.66 +/- 2.16 micrograms/g dry weight) than the RIF tumor (12.28 +/- 1.27 micrograms of dye/g) 3 h post-s.c. injection of dye (15 mg/kg). A study of the concentration dependent uptake of dye (following s.c. injection) in the tumor and plasma of mice bearing the EMT-6 tumor indicated a nonlinear relationship for both compartments. Maximum tissue uptake of dye and discrimination between tumor and skin or muscle occur 3-8 h following s.c. injection of dye. The ratios of dye in the tumor to the dye in surrounding skin and gastrocnemius muscle 8 h following dye injection were 4:1 and 8:1, respectively. At 24 h after dye injection, the dye was not detectable by absorption spectroscopy in the tumor, skin, or muscle. Decreasing the fluence rate from 200 to 50 mW/cm2 at a total light dose of 100 J/cm2 optimized the PDT effect. At 3 h following s.c. administration of dye, PDT of EMT-6 (7.5 mg of dye/kg; 50 mW/cm2; 100 J/cm2) and RIF tumors (15 mg dye/kg; 50 mW/cm2; 150 J/cm2) resulted in 100 and 70% cures, respectively. Histology at 24 and 72 h post-PDT showed minimal or no damage to the surrounding tissue (skin) while 70-90% of the tumor cells were destroyed or damaged. Moreover, 50-60% of the tumor cells isolated and cultured immediately following PDT were found to be nonviable. Similarly, the administration of 60 mg 5-ethylamino-9-diethylaminobenzo[a]phenothiazinium chloride/kg also resulted in no damage to the skin 24 h following PDT. It is suggested that the redox properties of the dye coupled with the differing metabolic states of the tumor and skin, which increase the amount of photoactive, oxidized dye present in the tumor and decrease it in the skin, are responsible for this unique differential PDT effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Survival', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry, Physical', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Indomethacin', 'Male', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C3H', 'Muscles', 'Photochemotherapy', 'Prostaglandins', 'Sarcoma, Experimental', 'Skin', 'Thiazines']
| 8,118,813
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.346'], ['G02'], ['H01.181.529'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D03.633.100.473.420'], ['C04.588.531.500', 'C04.619.590', 'E05.598.500.496.843'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.388', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.388'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['E02.186.500', 'E02.319.685', 'E02.774.722'], ['D10.251.355.255.550', 'D23.469.050.175.725'], ['C04.557.450.795.830', 'C04.619.857', 'E05.598.500.496.968'], ['A17.815'], ['D02.886.665', 'D03.383.855']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vitro study to evaluate the cytotoxicity of BPA analogues based on their oxidative and genotoxic potential using human peripheral blood cells.
|
Although Bisphenol-A (BPA) has been found to exhibit toxicological properties such as genotoxicity and oxidative stress, yet there is very little data available on its analogues. Since the replacement of BPA by its analogues, their presence has been found to increase in the environment leading to increased human exposure that makes it essential to investigate their toxic effects. Therefore, we explored the genotoxic and oxidative potential of two common BPA analogues, Bisphenol-B (BPB) and Bisphenol-F (BPF). Both analogues were found to induce cytotoxicity in human peripheral blood cells. They also caused an increase in reactive oxygen species levels leading to a decrease in GSH and an increase in LPO levels. Comet assay also suggested them to be genotoxic. Therefore, bisphenols were found capable of inducing cytotoxicity via oxidative stress and genotoxicity.
|
['Adult', 'Benzhydryl Compounds', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Comet Assay', 'DNA Damage', 'Glutathione', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Mutagens', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Phenols', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 31,173,877
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.115'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.196.401.153.150', 'E05.301.300.100.150', 'E05.393.560.150', 'E05.940.560.150'], ['G05.200'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['D27.888.569.468'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A mortality study of workers exposed to insoluble forms of beryllium.
|
This study investigated lung cancer and other diseases related to insoluble beryllium compounds. A cohort of 4950 workers from four US insoluble beryllium manufacturing facilities were followed through 2009. Expected deaths were calculated using local and national rates. On the basis of local rates, all-cause mortality was significantly reduced. Mortality from lung cancer (standardized mortality ratio 96.0; 95% confidence interval 80.0, 114.3) and from nonmalignant respiratory diseases was also reduced. There were no significant trends for either cause of death according to duration of employment or time since first employment. Uterine cancer among women was the only cause of death with a significantly increased standardized mortality ratio. Five of the seven women worked in office jobs. This study confirmed the lack of an increase in mortality from lung cancer and nonmalignant respiratory diseases related to insoluble beryllium compounds.
|
['Berylliosis', 'Beryllium', 'Cause of Death', 'Cohort Studies', 'Employment', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Respiratory Tract Diseases', 'United States', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 24,589,746
|
[['C08.381.483.581.225', 'C08.381.520.702.225', 'C24.800.225'], ['D01.268.552.075', 'D01.268.557.080', 'D01.552.547.080'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N01.824.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['C08'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Fatal non-transplant-related epstein-barr virus-associated atypical lymphoid proliferations in infants and children: a clinicopathologic study.
|
Most Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related infections in infants and children are asymptomatic or self-limited mild viral illnesses, but rare cases of a rapidly fatal disorder have been described. Failure of the cellular response to control EBV-related lymphoid proliferation leads to severe disease with multiple complications, including a fatal outcome or development of an EBV-driven, clonal lymphoid neoplasm. In this report we characterize 3 cases of fatal, nontransplant, or immunodeficiency-related EBV infection in very young children with immunophenotypic and molecular evidence of B/natural killer (NK)-T cell clonal expansion. An immunohistochemical staining panel included testing for B-cell antigen (CD20), and T/NK cell antigens including CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, CD57, and TIA-1. T-cell and B-cell PCR clonality testing was performed on paraffin tissue specimens to identify clonal populations. The ages of these 3 patients ranged from 22 months to 4 years. Initial clinical presentations included pneumonia, abnormal liver function tests and fever, and lymphadenopathy. The 3 patients died within 17 to 72 days of presentation, and autopsy was performed on 1 patient. All cases demonstrated prominent atypical lymphoid or lymphohistiocytic infiltrates, and necrosis was present in 2 of the 3 cases. The atypical lymphocytes were positive for CD3 (cytoplasmic), CD2, CD8, TIA-1, and CD57 and negative for CD4. We molecularly identified B-cell clones in the 2 tested patients, who also showed evidence of hemophagocytosis. Fatal EBV infection is characterized by a morphologic spectrum with atypical lymphoid infiltrates and variable necrosis. Our molecular studies of these patients suggest a clonally-derived expansive process, most likely driven by EBV infection. Our results also suggest that development of clonality is associated with an aggressive clinical course and may be useful in predicting greater risk for fatal outcome. A high index of suspicion, coupled with appropriate serologic and molecular testing, aids in early recognition and diagnosis of these lymphoproliferative processes.
|
['Antigens, CD', 'Child, Preschool', 'Clone Cells', 'Epstein-Barr Virus Infections', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Female', 'Herpesvirus 4, Human', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Infant', 'Liver', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Lymphocytes', 'Lymphoproliferative Disorders', 'Male', 'Necrosis', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Ribosomal Proteins']
| 18,473,605
|
[['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A11.251.353'], ['C01.925.256.466.313', 'C01.925.928.313'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['B04.280.210.400.500.450', 'B04.280.382.400.500.400', 'B04.613.204.500.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A03.620'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['C15.604.515', 'C20.683.515'], ['C23.550.717'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D12.776.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
In search of the tumour-suppressor functions of BRCA1 and BRCA2.
|
Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndromes can be caused by loss-of-function germline mutations in one of two tumour-suppressor genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2 (ref. 1). Each gene product interacts with recombination/DNA repair proteins in pathways that participate in preserving intact chromosome structure. However, it is unclear to what extent such functions specifically suppress breast and ovarian cancer. Here we analyse what is known of BRCA gene function and highlight some unanswered questions in the field.
|
['BRCA1 Protein', 'BRCA2 Protein', 'Chromatin', 'DNA', 'DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase', 'Female', 'Genes, BRCA1', 'Genes, Tumor Suppressor', 'Humans', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Neoplasms', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'S Phase', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 11,100,717
|
[['D12.776.313.125', 'D12.776.624.776.100', 'D12.776.660.100', 'D12.776.744.100', 'D12.776.930.137'], ['D12.776.313.249', 'D12.776.624.776.101', 'D12.776.660.105'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.100', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.624'], ['C04'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['G05.728'], ['G02.111.225.880', 'G04.144.500.800', 'G05.226.880'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development of a high-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous quantification of quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid and methyl-3-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid in animal tissues.
|
A method of high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection has been established for simultaneous quantitative determination of quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (QCA) and methyl-3-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (MQCA), the marker residues for carbadox (CBX) and olaquindox (OLA), respectively, in the muscles and livers of porcine and chicken and in the muscle of fish. Tissue samples were subject to acid hydrolysis followed by liquid-liquid extraction and Oasis MAX solid-phase extraction clean-up. The method was validated according to the EU Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The decision limits (CCalpha) were 0.7-2.6microg/kg and the detection capabilities (CCbeta) were 1.3-5.6microg/kg for QCA and MQCA in tissues. The recoveries of QCA and MQCA, spiked at levels of 2-100microg/kg, were from 70 to 110%; the relative standard deviation values were <20%. This simple, fast and economic method could be applied to the monitoring for the possible misuse of CBX and OLA in animal edible tissue samples.
|
['Animals', 'Chickens', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Fishes', 'Liver', 'Muscles', 'Quinoxalines', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Swine']
| 17,335,836
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['A03.620'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['D03.633.100.857'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Analysis of methionine metabolism studied by the gas chromatographic determination of 3-methylthiopropionate in urine and its clinical application].
|
Methionine is a sulfur-containing essential amino acid and there are optic isomers of L- and D-type. It has been known that there are two metabolic pathways in methionine metabolism-the transsulfuration and the transamination. The purposes of the present investigation are to clarify the existence of transaminative pathway in human by the quantitative analysis of 3-methylthiopropionate (3-MTP), one of the metabolites of methionine, and to study its clinical significance in patients with liver cirrhosis. 3-MTP in urine was analysed by gas chromatograph equipped with the flame photometric detector (FPD) which has a highly specific sensitivity to the sulfur compounds. Fasting levels of 3-MTP concentration in urine in healthy subjects (n = 20) and patients with liver cirrhosis (n = 21) were 39.1 +/- 9.7 ng/mg. Cr. (Mean +/- SE) and 103.6 +/- 24.2 ng/mg. Cr., respectively. 3-MTP concentration in urine in cirrhotic patients was significantly higher than that in healthy subjects (p less than 0.05). In some cases, 3-MTP concentration in urine was measured every hour for 3 to 6 hours after the oral loading of 2 g of D- or L-methionine. In healthy subjects, 3-MTP concentration in urine increased remarkably at 1 hour period after oral loading of 2 g of D-methionine, and subsequently its concentration showed a tendency to decrease gradually. However, there were no such changes after oral loading of 2 g of L-methionine. When 2 g of D-methionine was loaded orally, decreasing curves of 3-MTP concentration in urine were different between healthy subjects and patients with liver cirrhosis, and half-disappearance time of 3-MTP concentration in urine was remarkably prolonged in cirrhotic patients. These findings seem to indicate that 3-MTP is one of the metabolites of methionine (especially of D-methionine) and the transaminative pathway exists in human. It was also suggested that there was the impairment of the transaminative pathway of methionine metabolism in patients with liver cirrhosis. Pharmacokinetics of 3-MTP in urine seems to contribute to the clinicopathological investigation of the liver cirrhosis.
|
['Adult', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Methionine', 'Middle Aged', 'Propionates']
| 3,997,054
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.241.081.751', 'D10.251.400.706']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular variation at a candidate gene implicated in the regulation of fire ant social behavior.
|
The fire ant Solenopsis invicta and its close relatives display an important social polymorphism involving differences in colony queen number. Colonies are headed by either a single reproductive queen (monogyne form) or multiple queens (polygyne form). This variation in social organization is associated with variation at the gene Gp-9, with monogyne colonies harboring only B-like allelic variants and polygyne colonies always containing b-like variants as well. We describe naturally occurring variation at Gp-9 in fire ants based on 185 full-length sequences, 136 of which were obtained from S. invicta collected over much of its native range. While there is little overall differentiation between most of the numerous alleles observed, a surprising amount is found in the coding regions of the gene, with such substitutions usually causing amino acid replacements. This elevated coding-region variation may result from a lack of negative selection acting to constrain amino acid replacements over much of the protein, different mutation rates or biases in coding and non-coding sequences, negative selection acting with greater strength on non-coding than coding regions, and/or positive selection acting on the protein. Formal selection analyses provide evidence that the latter force played an important role in the basal b-like lineages coincident with the emergence of polygyny. While our data set reveals considerable paraphyly and polyphyly of S. invicta sequences with respect to those of other fire ant species, the b-like alleles of the socially polymorphic species are monophyletic. An expanded analysis of colonies containing alleles of this clade confirmed the invariant link between their presence and expression of polygyny. Finally, our discovery of several unique alleles bearing various combinations of b-like and B-like codons allows us to conclude that no single b-like residue is completely predictive of polygyne behavior and, thus, potentially causally involved in its expression. Rather, all three typical b-like residues appear to be necessary.
|
['Alleles', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Animals', 'Ants', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genetics, Behavioral', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny']
| 17,987,107
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.205'], ['F01.145.113'], ['G05.365'], ['F04.096.276', 'H01.158.273.343.290'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Memory-delineated subtypes of schizophrenia: relationship to clinical, neuroanatomical, and neurophysiological measures.
|
Memory performance was examined in patients with schizophrenia to determine whether subgroups conforming to cortical and subcortical dementias could be identified and, if so, whether subgroups differed on clinical, neuroanatomical, and neurophysiological measures. A cluster analysis of California Verbal Learning Test performance classified patients into 3 subgroups. Two groups exhibited memory deficits consistent with the cortical-subcortical distinction, whereas 1 group was unimpaired. Cortical patients tended to be male, and they had earlier illness onset, reduced temporal lobe gray matter, and hypometabolism. Subcortical patients had ventricular enlargement and more negative symptoms. Unimpaired patients had fewer negative symptoms and dorsal medial prefrontal hypermetabolism. The authors conclude that categorizing patients on the basis of memory deficits may yield neurobiologically meaningful disease subtypes.
|
['Adult', 'Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Frontal Lobe', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Memory Disorders', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Schizophrenia', 'Temporal Lobe', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed', 'Verbal Learning']
| 12,382,987
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F04.711.513.653.083'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C10.597.606.525', 'C23.888.592.604.529', 'F01.700.625'], ['F04.711.513'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['F03.700.750'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.863'], ['E01.370.350.350.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800'], ['F02.463.425.952']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Brain perfusion in fibromyalgia patients and its differences between responders and poor responders to gabapentin.
|
INTRODUCTION: The aim of the present study was to determine the brain areas associated with fibromyalgia, and whether pretreatment regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) can predict response to gabapentin treatment.METHODS: A total of 29 women with fibromyalgia and 10 healthy women (without pain) matched for age were finally enrolled in the study. Technetium-99m ethyl cysteinate dimer single photon emission computed tomography ((99m)Tc-ECD SPECT) was performed in the fibromyalgia patients and controls. A voxel-by-voxel group analysis was performed using Statistic Parametric Mapping 5 (SPM5). After treatment with gabapentin, 16 patients were considered 'responders', with decrease in pain of greater than 50% as evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS). The remaining 13 patients were considered 'poor responders'.RESULTS: We observed rCBF abnormalities, compared to control subjects, in fibromyalgia including hypoperfusion in the left culmen and hyperperfusion in the right precentral gyrus, right posterior cingulate, right superior occipital gyrus, right cuneus, left inferior parietal lobule, right middle temporal gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, and left superior parietal lobule. Compared to responders, poor responders exhibited hyperperfusion in the right middle temporal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, right precuneus, right cingulate, left middle occipital gyrus, and left declive. The right middle temporal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, right precuneus, left middle occipital gyrus, and left declive exhibited high positive likelihood ratios.CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed brain regions with significant hyperperfusion associated with the default-mode network, in addition to abnormalities in the sensory dimension of pain processing and affective-attentional areas in fibromyalgia patients. Furthermore, hyperperfusion in these areas was strongly predictive of poor response to gabapentin.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Amines', 'Analgesics', 'Brain', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids', 'Cysteine', 'Female', 'Fibromyalgia', 'Gabapentin', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Organotechnetium Compounds', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon', 'Treatment Failure', 'Young Adult', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 20,374,641
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.092'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['D02.241.223.268', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.218'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['C05.651.324', 'C05.799.321', 'C10.668.491.425'], ['D02.092.521', 'D02.241.081.114.500.350.300', 'D02.241.223.268.469', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.218.500', 'D12.125.190.350.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.691.825'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800.800'], ['E01.789.800.760', 'N04.761.559.590.800.760', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.760'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Shh influences cell number and the distribution of neuronal subtypes in dorsal root ganglia.
|
The molecular mechanisms responsible for specifying the dorsal-ventral pattern of neuronal identities in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) are unclear. Here we demonstrate that Sonic hedgehog (Shh) contributes to patterning early DRG cells. In vitro, Shh increases both proliferation and programmed cell death (PCD). Increasing Shh in vivo enhances PCD in dorsal DRG, while inducing greater proliferation ventrally. In such animals, markers characteristic of ventral sensory neurons are expanded to more dorsal positions. Conversely, reducing Shh function results in decreased proliferation of progenitors in the ventral region and decreased expression of the ventral marker trkC. Later arising trkA(+) afferents make significant pathfinding errors in animals with reduced Shh function, suggesting that accurate navigation of later arising growth cones requires either Shh itself or early arising, Shh-dependent afferents. These results indicate that Shh can regulate both cell number and the distribution of cell types in DRG, thereby playing an important role in the specification, patterning and pathfinding of sensory neurons.
|
['Animals', 'Bromodeoxyuridine', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Division', 'Chick Embryo', 'Ganglia, Spinal', 'Hedgehog Proteins', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'In Situ Nick-End Labeling', 'Neurons', 'Neurons, Afferent']
| 18,190,905
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.742.680.852.300.150', 'D13.570.230.430.196', 'D13.570.685.852.300.150'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['A08.340.390.340', 'A08.800.350.340', 'A08.800.800.720.725.350'], ['D12.644.276.671', 'D12.776.467.671', 'D23.529.671'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['E05.393.475'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.675.650', 'A11.671.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bacterial pathogens in chronic otitis media with effusion in Alaska Native children.
|
This study examined the bacterial pathogens and the presence of possible risk factors for the development of chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) in a group of Alaska Native children. Middle ear aspirates were collected from 128 children < 6 years of age requiring tympanocentesis between 1987 and 1989. Bacterial pathogens were cultured from 40% of 209 fluids. Predominant isolates, after contamination of the outer ear was controlled for, were Haemophilus influenzae (21%; 84% of these were nontypeable), Streptococcus pneumoniae (8.1%; serotypes 6B, 10A, 11A, 14, 18B, 18C, 19A, and 23F), Staphylococcus epidermidis (3.8%), and Moraxella (Brahmanella) catarrhalis (2.9%). Pneumococcal-C-polysaccharide (PnC) was detectable in 3 of 135 (2.2%) aspirates that did not grow Streptococcus pneumoniae. Combining culture and PnC assay results evidence of pneumococcal infection was found in almost 10% of aspirates tested. There was not a significant difference in the number of episodes of acute otitis media after the first year of life based on the age at the first episode (< 6 mo, > or = 6 mo). However, 88% of infants in the study had their first acute otitis media episode before 1 year of age.
|
['Alaska', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Haemophilus Infections', 'Haemophilus influenzae', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Inuits', 'Male', 'Otitis Media with Effusion', 'Pneumococcal Infections', 'Risk Factors']
| 10,434,443
|
[['Z01.107.567.875.580.100'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['C01.150.252.400.700.433'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.330', 'B03.660.250.550.290.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.686.508.150.600.375.500', 'M01.686.508.150.675', 'M01.686.754.254.500.500'], ['C09.218.705.663.670'], ['C01.150.252.410.890.670'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Selectivity of the beta-adrenergic receptor among Gs, Gi's, and Go: assay using recombinant alpha subunits in reconstituted phospholipid vesicles.
|
The selective regulation of Gs (long and short forms), Gi's (1, 2, and 3), and Go by the beta-adrenergic receptor was assessed quantitatively after coreconstitution of purified receptor, purified G-protein beta gamma subunits, and individual recombinant G-protein alpha subunits that were expressed in and purified from Escherichia coli. Receptor and beta gamma subunits were incorporated into phospholipid vesicles, and the alpha subunits bound to the vesicles stoichiometrically with respect to beta gamma. Efficient regulation of alpha subunit by receptor required the presence of beta gamma. Regulation of G proteins was measured according to the stimulation of the initial rate of GTP gamma S binding, steady-state GTPase activity, and equilibrium GDP/GDP exchange. The assays yielded qualitatively similar results. GDP/GDP exchange was a first-order reaction for each subunit. The rate constant increased linearly with the concentration of agonist-liganded receptor, and the dependence of the rate constant on receptor concentration was a reproducible measurement of the efficiency with which receptor regulated each G protein. Reconstituted alpha s (long or short form) was stimulated by receptor to approximately the extent described previously for natural Gs. Both alpha i,1 and alpha i,3 were regulated with 25-33% of that efficiency. Stimulation of alpha o and alpha i,2 was weak, and stimulation of alpha o was barely detectable over its high basal exchange rate. Reduction of the receptor with dithiothreitol increased the exchange rates for all G proteins but did not alter the relative selectivity of the receptor.
|
['Animals', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Cattle', 'Dithiothreitol', 'Erythrocytes', 'Escherichia coli', 'GTP Phosphohydrolases', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', "Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)", 'Guanosine Diphosphate', 'Kinetics', 'Liposomes', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Phospholipids', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, beta', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Turkeys']
| 1,657,154
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D02.033.800.196', 'D02.886.740.224', 'D09.853.196'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D08.811.277.040.330'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['D02.886.765.380', 'D13.695.667.454.504.380', 'D13.695.827.426.504.380', 'D13.695.900.380'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.340', 'D13.695.667.454.340', 'D13.695.827.426.340'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['D05'], ['D10.570.755'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.340', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.340'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.800', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Backbone and stereospecific (13)C methyl Ile (ä1), Leu and Val side-chain chemical shift assignments of Crc.
|
Carbon catabolite repression (CCR) allows bacteria to selectively assimilate a preferred compound among a mixture of several potential carbon sources, thus boosting growth and economizing the cost of adaptability to variable nutrients in the environment. The RNA-binding catabolite repression control (Crc) protein acts as a global post-transcriptional regulator of CCR in Pseudomonas species. Crc triggers repression by inhibiting the expression of genes involved in transport and catabolism of non-preferred substrates, thus indirectly favoring assimilation of preferred one. We report here a nearly complete backbone and stereospecific (13)C methyl side-chain chemical shift assignments of Ile (ä1), Leu and Val of Crc (~ 31 kDa) from Pseudomonas syringae Lz4W.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Isoleucine', 'Leucine', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Pseudomonas syringae', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Valine']
| 24,496,608
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['D12.125.070.577', 'D12.125.142.383'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.770', 'B03.660.250.580.590.770'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D12.125.070.950', 'D12.125.142.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Methods and statistics for combining motif match scores.
|
Position-specific scoring matrices are useful for representing and searching for protein sequence motifs. A sequence family can often be described by a group of one or more motifs, and an effective search must combine the scores for matching a sequence to each of the motifs in the group. We describe three methods for combining match scores and estimating the statistical significance of the combined scores and evaluate the search quality (classification accuracy) and the accuracy of the estimate of statistical significance of each. The three methods are: 1) sum of scores, 2) sum of reduced variates, 3) product of score p-values. We show that method 3) is superior to the other two methods in both regards, and that combining motif scores indeed gives better search accuracy. The MAST sequence homology search algorithm utilizing the product of p-values scoring method is available for interactive use and downloading at URL http:/(/)www.sdsc.edu/MEME.
|
['Algorithms', 'Databases, Factual', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Software']
| 9,672,829
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['E05.599'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of a half-apo derivative of peptidylglycine monooxygenase. Insight into the reactivity of each active site copper.
|
A derivative of peptidylglycine monooxygenase which lacks the CuH center has been prepared and characterized. This form of the enzyme is termed the half-apo protein. Copper-to-protein stoichiometric measurements establish that the protein binds only one of the two copper centers (CuM and CuH) found in the native enzyme. Confirmation that the methionine-containing CuM has been retained has been obtained from EXAFS experiments which show that the characteristic signature of the Cu-S(Met) interaction is preserved. The half-apo derivative binds 1 equiv of CO per copper with an IR frequency of 2092 cm(-1), and this monocarbonyl also displays the Cu-S(Met) interaction in its EXAFS spectrum. These results allow unambiguous assignment of the 2092 cm(-1) band as a CuM-CO species. Binding of CO in the presence of peptide substrate was also investigated. In the native enzyme, substrate induced binding of a second CO molecule with an IR frequency of 2062 cm(-1), tentatively assigned to a CO complex of the histidine-containing CuH site. Unexpectedly, this reactivity is also observed in the half-apo derivative, although the intensity distribution of the CO stretches now indicates that the copper has been partially transferred to a second site, believed to be CuH. The implications of this observation are discussed in terms of a possible additional peptide binding site close to the CuH center.
|
['Animals', 'Apoenzymes', 'Binding Sites', 'CHO Cells', 'Carbon Monoxide', 'Copper', 'Cricetinae', 'Mixed Function Oxygenases', 'Multienzyme Complexes', 'Oligopeptides', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'Spectrum Analysis', 'Substrate Specificity', 'X-Rays']
| 11,389,601
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.255.500', 'D12.776.070.290'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['D01.200.250', 'D01.362.200', 'D01.650.550.250'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['D08.811.682.690.708'], ['D05.500.562', 'D08.811.600'], ['D12.644.456'], ['G03.680'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['E05.196.867'], ['G02.111.835'], ['G01.358.500.505.970', 'G01.750.250.970', 'G01.750.750.918']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Epidural analgesia in the treatment of the pain syndrome in degenerative dystrophic disorders of the lumbar spine].
|
Epidural analgesia (EA) with dicaine and morphine has been compared in 34 patients with pain syndrome caused by degenerative dystrophy of lumbar vertebrae. The advantages of EA with dicaine have been observed. 35.3% of patients have been subject to surgery. In the rest of patients pain syndrome was relieved. Radionuclide epidurography has shown that the volume of the anesthetic solution injected should not exceed 10 ml.
|
['Adult', 'Analgesia, Epidural', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Pain', 'Tetracaine']
| 2,629,544
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E03.091.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['D02.241.223.100.050.500.968', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.937.968']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Acoustic diagnosis of elastic properties of human tooth by 320 MHz scanning acoustic microscopy after radiotherapy treatment for head and neck cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: On the elastic profiles of human teeth after radiotherapy for head and neck cancers, generation of dental complications, which may bring several side effects preventing the quality of life, has not well clarified. Thus, we aimed to show the applicability of using 320 MHz Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM) in the evaluation of the tooth damage acoustically at the micrometer level following radiation therapy, and also in the determination of the safe dose limits to impede severe dental damage.METHODS: This prospective study was performed by SAM employed at 320 MHz by an azimuthal resolution of 4.7 ìm resolving enamel and dentin. A total of 45 sound human third molar teeth collected between September 2018 and May 2019 were used for the acoustic impedance measurements pre- and post irradiation. Nine samples for each group (control, 2 Gy, 8 Gy, 20 Gy, 30 Gy and 60 Gy) were evaluated to acquire the acoustic images and perform a qualitative analysis. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images were obtained to establish a relationship between micromechanical and morphological characteristics of the teeth. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Student t-test succeded by Mann-Whitney U investigation (p < .05), while SEM images were assessed qualitatively.RESULTS: The analysis included 45 sound teeth collected from men and women 18 to 50 years old. Post irradiation micromechanical variations of human teeth were significant only in the radiation groups of 30 Gy and 60 Gy compared to pre-irradiation group for enamel (7.24 ± 0.18 MRayl and 6.49 ± 028 MRayl; p < 0.05, respectively). Besides, the teeth subjected to radiation doses of 20, 30 and 60 Gy represented significantly lower acoustic impedance values relative to non-irradiated group for dentin (6.52 ± 0.43 MRayl, 5.71 ± 0.66 MRayl and 4.82 ± 0.53 MRayl p < 0.05), respectively.CONCLUSIONS: These results are evidence for a safe acoustic examination device which may be a useful tool to visualize and follow the safe dose limits to impede severe dental damage through the radiation therapy treatment for head and neck cancers.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Elasticity', 'Female', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Acoustic', 'Middle Aged', 'Organs at Risk', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated', 'Tooth', 'Young Adult']
| 32,066,465
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G01.374.590'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.370', 'E01.370.350.850.565', 'E05.595.370'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A01.635'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E02.815.635.700.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550.700'], ['A14.549.167.860'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Quenching effect of triethylamine on peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence in the presence of 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcumarin.
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The quenching effect of triethylamine on strong chemiluminescence of bis-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate-hydrogen peroxide system in the presence of 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcumarin was studied. The system resulted in a nice Stern-Volmer plot with a kQ value of 1.07 x 10(-3) M(-1), in the quencher concentration range of 1.52 x 10(-4) - 1.36 x 10(-3) M. The linear correlation between the decay rate constant of the resulting chemiluminescence and the quencher concentration was also investigated.
|
['Coumarins', 'Ethylamines', 'Fluorescence', 'Kinetics', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Models, Chemical', 'Oxalates', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence']
| 11,767,829
|
[['D03.383.663.283.446', 'D03.633.100.150.446'], ['D02.092.471'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['E05.599.495'], ['D02.241.081.337.593'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Improvement of lysine production by analog-sensitive and auxotroph mutants of the acetylene-utilizing bacterium Gordona bronchialis (Rhodococcus bronchialis).
|
An acetylene utilizing Gordona (Rhodococcus) bronchialis strain, screened for the production of fine chemicals, was found to be capable of producing small amounts of lysine. Attempts to produce amino-acid analog-resistant and/or sensitive mutants and auxotrophs of this strain with increased lysine production were made following UV-irradiation or N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) treatment. The bacterium exhibited surprisingly high resistance levels to the aforementioned mutagens which is attributed to highly effective inborn-repair systems. Natural resistance to high levels of S-(2-aminoethyl)-L-cysteine (AEC) (2%) was observed, in contrast with D, L-aspartic acid hydroxamate (AAH), L-lysine hydroxamate (LHX) and beta-fluoropyruvate (FP). A variety of amino-acid analog-resistant (AAHr, LHXr) or analog-sensitive (FPs) mutants were produced following UV-irradiation or MNNG treatment. Similarly, a large number of auxotrophs (68) of different types were also obtained. From these, one FPs mono-auxotroph and two poly-auxotrophs (with at least one requirement for the aspartic acid family) showed an increased lysine production (approximately 1.8 g/L) comparable (4 g/L) to that found in other bacteria capable of utilizing long-chain hydrocarbons (1).
|
['Acetylene', 'Asparagine', 'Cysteine', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Lysine', 'Mutation', 'Pyruvates', 'Rhodococcus']
| 9,276,926
|
[['D02.455.326.397.259'], ['D12.125.068.060', 'D12.125.095.165', 'D12.125.154.049'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D02.241.755.812'], ['B03.510.024.981.775']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Examining the relationship between antihypertensive medication satisfaction and adherence in older patients.
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BACKGROUND: The relationship between medication adherence and treatment satisfaction has been consistently positive, however, this relationship has not been examined among older adults with hypertension.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between medication adherence and treatment satisfaction among a sample of older adults with hypertension.METHODS: This was a survey-based cross-sectional study in which seven community senior centers in the city of Memphis, Tennessee and its surrounding areas were visited. Individuals aged 60 years and older with self-reported hypertension who visited the community senior centers between August and December 2013 were asked to participate. The participants' satisfaction with their antihypertensive medications was assessed using a newly developed scale. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-12v2) was used to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The Primary Care Assessment Survey (PCAS) Communication scale was used to assess the satisfaction with health care provider communication. The Beliefs About Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ-General) was used to assess the participant beliefs about medications. The eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) was used to assess adherence to antihypertensive medications. And the Single Item Literacy Screener (SILS) was used to assess health literacy. Multiple linear regression was conducted to examine the relationship between medication adherence and satisfaction with antihypertensive therapy controlling for multiple variables.RESULTS: One hundred and ninety participants with hypertension were included in the study. Most participants were white, women, aged ?70 years, taking ?2 prescription medications and having ?2 medical conditions. After adjusting for age, education, number of prescription medications, race, health literacy, sex, marital status, SF-12v2 Physical Component Summary (PCS-12) and Mental Component Summary (MCS-12), and PCAS-Communication scores, the overall satisfaction score of the antihypertensive medication regimen was positively and significantly associated with MMAS-8 sore (â = 0.262; 95% confidence interval, 0.007-0.517; P = 0.043).CONCLUSIONS: Treatment satisfaction was associated with higher medication adherence among older adults with hypertension.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Literacy', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Medication Adherence', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Quality of Life', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tennessee']
| 27,493,129
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['I02.233.332.186.500', 'L01.143.450.500', 'N02.421.726.407.229.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.775']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Thymidylate synthesis and utilization via the de novo pathway in normal and megaloblastic human bone marrow cells.
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We have measured the thymidylate synthetase activity of intact bone marrow cells using a 3H2O release assay. The mean thymidylate synthetase activity of vitamin B12- or folate-deficient megaloblastic marrow cells was reduced only in severely anaemic patients. There was a correlation between thymidylate synthetase activity and RBC in patients with megaloblastic haemopoiesis. The mean rate of incorporation into DNA of 6-3H deoxyuridine was similar in megaloblastic and normoblastic marrows. The rate of thymidylate synthesis exceeded its incorporation into DNA in all marrows, and the mean ratio between synthesis and incorporation was similar in normoblastic and megaloblastic patients, being independent of both thymidylate synthetase activity and RBC. Thus de novo thymine nucleotides were not utilized more efficiently in megaloblastic marrow cells. These data suggest that impaired thymidylate synthesis may not be the central defect in megaloblastic haemopoiesis, and that there is only a single pool of thymidine triphosphate in human bone marrow cells.
|
['Anemia, Macrocytic', 'Anemia, Megaloblastic', 'Bone Marrow', 'DNA', 'Deoxyuridine', 'Erythrocyte Count', 'Erythrocytes, Abnormal', 'Folic Acid Deficiency', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Megaloblasts', 'Thymidine Monophosphate', 'Thymidylate Synthase', 'Thymine Nucleotides', 'Vitamin B 12 Deficiency']
| 2,721,662
|
[['C15.378.071.252'], ['C15.378.071.252.196'], ['A15.382.216'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D03.383.742.680.852.300', 'D13.570.230.430', 'D13.570.685.852.300'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.330', 'E01.370.225.625.107.330', 'E05.200.500.195.107.330', 'E05.200.625.107.330', 'E05.242.195.107.330', 'G04.140.107.330', 'G09.188.105.330'], ['A11.118.290.330', 'A11.443.240.330', 'A15.145.229.334.330'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.699.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A11.118.290.330.531', 'A11.148.378.590.837.250.200.500', 'A11.443.240.330.531', 'A11.443.240.497.200.500', 'A15.145.229.334.330.531', 'A15.378.316.378.590.837.250.200.500'], ['D03.383.742.686.706.788', 'D13.695.201.789.788', 'D13.695.740.706.788'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.862'], ['D03.383.742.686.706', 'D13.695.201.789', 'D13.695.740.706'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.699.923']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Relationship between fatty acids of adipose tissue and plasma cholesterol.
|
The fatty acid composition of adipose tissue from normal and hypercholesterolemic men and women was studied. We found a difference in the fatty acid composition between both sexes. A decrease in linoleic acid was found in hypercholesterolemic men, while there was an increase in palmitic and totally saturated acids in women. A decrease in total monounsaturated and in monounsaturated/saturated ratio was also found in women.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Fatty Acids', 'Fatty Acids, Unsaturated', 'Humans', 'Hypercholesterolemia', 'Linoleic Acids', 'Middle Aged', 'Myristic Acids', 'Oleic Acids', 'Palmitic Acids', 'Sex Factors', 'Stearic Acids']
| 1,218,738
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D10.251'], ['D10.251.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.396'], ['D10.251.355.310.515', 'D10.251.355.343.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D10.251.640'], ['D10.251.355.325.600'], ['D10.251.694'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['D10.251.882']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pharmacist-led intervention study to improve inhalation technique in asthma and COPD patients.
|
UNLABELLED: RATIONAL AND AIMS: Inhaled therapy is the mainstay of treatment in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). For effectiveness of pharmacotherapy, correct use of medication is required. The aims of this study were to survey the quality of inhalation technique in patients and to determine the effect of a single intervention in community pharmacies by means of standardized procedures.METHODS: A total of 757 patients with asthma or COPD were randomly selected by 55 community pharmacies. At baseline, patients were interviewed and their inhalation technique was assessed with a 21-items checklist. Any error was recorded and, if necessary, patients were instructed in the proper use of their device. After 4-6 weeks, demonstration of inhalation technique was repeated in the community pharmacies and a pre-post comparison was performed.RESULTS: A total of 597 patients (78.9%) made at least one mistake in performing the inhalation technique at baseline. This number dropped to 214 (28.3%) from the first to the second appointment. All patients did benefit from the pharmacists' intervention regardless of their former training experiences.CONCLUSIONS: Inhalation technique of asthma and COPD patients is poor. In daily practice, community pharmacy-based pharmacists are well suited to significantly supplement doctor-based education in inhalation technique.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Asthma', 'Drug Therapy', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pharmacists', 'Professional Role', 'Prospective Studies', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Respiratory Therapy', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 20,807,295
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['E02.319'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.526.485.780', 'N02.360.780'], ['F01.829.316.616.625'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['E02.880'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of normal and torn rotator-cuff tendons.
|
We have used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to characterise the chemical and structural composition of the tendons of the rotator cuff and to identify structural differences among anatomically distinct tears. Such information may help to identify biomarkers of tears and to provide insight into the rates of healing of different sizes of tear. The infrared spectra of 81 partial, small, medium, large and massive tears were measured using FTIR and compared with 11 uninjured control tendons. All the spectra were classified using standard techniques of multivariate analysis. FTIR readily differentiates between normal and torn tendons, and different sizes of tear. We identified the key discriminating molecules and spectra altered in torn tendons to be carbohydrates/phospholipids (1030 cm(-1) to 1200 cm(-1)), collagen (1300 cm(-1) to 1700 cm(-1) and 3000 cm(-1) to 3350 cm(-1)) and lipids (2800 cm(-1) to 3000 cm(-1)). Our study has shown that FTIR spectroscopy can identify tears of the rotator cuff of varying size based upon distinguishable chemical and structural features. The onset of a tear is mainly associated with altered structural arrangements of collagen, with changes in lipids and carbohydrates. The approach described is rapid and has the potential to be used peri-operatively to determine the quality of the tendon and the extent of the disease, thus guiding surgical repair.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arthroscopy', 'Collagen', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Rotator Cuff', 'Rotator Cuff Injuries', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared', 'Tendon Injuries', 'Trauma Severity Indices']
| 21,357,960
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633.567.912', 'A02.880.700'], ['C26.761.340', 'C26.803.063', 'C26.874.400'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700'], ['C26.874'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875', 'E05.944', 'N04.452.859.564.800', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Social exclusion and community in an urban retirement village.
|
Large purpose-built retirement complexes including continuing care options are increasingly popular ways to 'age in place' for older people in New Zealand and internationally. Promoted by their corporate owners as a lifestyle choice offering a wealth of activities and social interaction in manicured settings along with security and increasing care on site as needed, these entities offer new ways for wealthier older people to age. Applying an ethnographic approach to a case study residential complex in Auckland, New Zealand, we explore how residents experience inclusion and exclusion, and sense of community within such environments with a diversity of fit and frail residents. Data was collected from interviews, walk-about conversations, social site mapping and a selection of media material to gain an understanding of the social issues important to the residents. The twelve participants, aged between 70 and 87, were all independent residents living in the independent part of the complex, which is situated in a socio-economically wealthy suburb of Auckland. We identified that social connections were often fragile, and existing social group membership was key to shared community experiences and a sense of belonging. Residents who found themselves on the social fringes, particularly as newcomers or through health decline, were at risk of marginalisation, stigma, and social exclusion. Further, we identified how the design and layout, and tensions in the structure of the resident-management relationship potentially hinder inclusiveness and sense of community. These findings shed light on alternative experiences at odds with the commercial and populist framing of these places as age-friendly and inclusive communities promoting active lifestyles.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Health Status', 'Housing for the Elderly', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Motivation', 'New Zealand', 'Psychological Distance', 'Residence Characteristics', 'Retirement', 'Social Participation', 'Social Stigma', 'Urban Health']
| 31,229,215
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['J03.340.260', 'N01.224.791.400.410', 'N06.230.150.360.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['F01.145.813.630', 'F01.829.316.777'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800'], ['I03.702'], ['I03.050.750'], ['F01.145.813.840'], ['N01.400.548.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Modulation of histamine type II receptors on CD8+ T cells by interleukin-2 and cimetidine.
|
CD8+ T cells are known to play a major role in regulating immune functions under normal and disease conditions. In this study a radioligand binding assay was used to quantitate histamine type II (H2) receptors on activated T cells. The objective was to examine the expression of H2 receptors on T cells during activation with interleukin-2 (IL-2) and treatment with cimetidine. Activated suppressor T cells induced by concanavalin A+IL-2 showed a significant (p less than 0.01) increase in H2 receptors compared to the control nonactivated T cells. The T cells expressing the H2 receptors were identified as CD8+ cells; those among them that had an enhanced level of H2 receptors were identified as CD25+. Treatment of activated suppressor cells with the H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine at a concentration of 10(-5) M significantly reduced the number of H2 receptors. Suppressor cells induced by Con A+IL-2 were able to suppress both IgG and IgM production that was reversible with cimetidine. Incubation of lymphocytes with 50 U/ml IL-2 alone in 3-day culture significantly (p less than 0.005) enhanced H2 receptor expression. These studies demonstrate that activated suppressor T cells that are CD8+CD25+ have enhanced levels of H2 receptors and can be modulated by cimetidine.
|
['Antibody Formation', 'CD8 Antigens', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cimetidine', 'Concanavalin A', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-2', 'Receptors, Histamine H2', 'Receptors, Interleukin-2', 'T-Lymphocyte Subsets', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory']
| 1,533,853
|
[['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.108', 'D23.101.100.894.108'], ['A11.251'], ['D02.078.370.200', 'D03.383.129.308.130'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.450.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.355', 'D12.776.543.750.720.480.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.320'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Limits on reacquisition of song in adult zebra finches exposed to white noise.
|
Zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) learn a specific song pattern during a sensitive period of development, after which song changes little or not at all. However, recent studies have demonstrated substantial behavioral plasticity in song behavior during adulthood under a range of conditions. The current experiment examined song behavior of adult zebra finches temporarily deprived of auditory feedback by chronic exposure to loud white noise (WN). Long-term exposure to continuous WN resulted in disruption of song similar to that observed after deafening. When auditory feedback was restored by discontinuing WN, birds were either tutored using tape-recorded playback or housed with adult conspecific tutors. No evidence of learning new tutor syllables was observed, and recovery of pre-WN song patterns was very limited after restoration of hearing. However, many birds did reacquire some aspects of their pretreatment song, suggesting an adult form of learning that may retain some of the initial aspects of sensorimotor acquisition of song in which vocalizations are shaped to match a stored template representation. The failure to learn novel song elements and the modest degree of recovery observed overall suggest a limit on plasticity in adult birds that have acquired species-typical song patterns and may reflect an important species difference between zebra finches and Bengalese finches.
|
['Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Auditory Perception', 'Convalescence', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem', 'Feedback, Psychological', 'Finches', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Noise', 'Species Specificity', 'Stereotyped Behavior', 'Vocalization, Animal']
| 15,229,232
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.463.593.071', 'G07.888.125'], ['C23.550.291.562'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['G07.265.216.500.370.300', 'G07.888.250.300', 'G11.561.200.500.370.300'], ['F01.058.288', 'F04.754.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.620.750.250'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['G11.561.638'], ['G01.750.770.776.567', 'G16.500.275.600', 'N06.230.400', 'N06.850.460.610'], ['G16.824'], ['F01.145.896'], ['F01.145.113.055.800']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Sensitive detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine semen by real-time PCR.
|
AIMS: To develop a fast and sensitive protocol for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in bovine semen and to make a critical evaluation of the analytical sensitivity.METHODS AND RESULTS: Processed semen was spiked with known amounts of MAP. Semen from different bulls as well as semen of different dilutions was tested. The samples were treated with lysing agents and beadbeating and the DNA was extracted with phenol and chloroform. Real-time PCR with a fluorescent probe targeting the insertion element IS900 detected as few as 10 organisms per sample of 100 mul semen. PCR-inhibition was monitored by inclusion of an internal control. Pre-treatment with immunomagnetic separation was also evaluated, but was not shown to improve the overall sensitivity.CONCLUSIONS: Real-time PCR is a sensitive method for detection of MAP in bovine semen. Lysis by mechanical disruption followed by phenol and chloroform extraction efficiently isolated DNA and removed PCR-inhibitors.SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The high sensitivity of the applied method allows reliable testing of bovine semen used for artificial insemination to prevent the spread of Johne's disease, caused by MAP.
|
['Animals', 'Bacteriological Techniques', 'Cattle', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Immunomagnetic Separation', 'Male', 'Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Semen', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 16,630,010
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.875.150', 'E05.200.875.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['E02.095.437', 'E05.200.500.363.441', 'E05.242.363.441'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.300.600', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.300.600'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['A12.200.732'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cooperative enhancement of water binding to crownophane by multiple hydrogen bonds: analysis by high level ab initio calculations.
|
The intermolecular interaction energy of the model system of the water-crownophane complex was analyzed. The water molecule has four hydrogen bonds, with the two hydrogen-donating phenolic hydroxy groups and two hydrogen-accepting oxygen atoms of the poly-oxyethylene chain of the crownophane in the complex. The MP2/6-311G(2d,2p) level calculations of the model system of the complex (hydrogen donating unit + hydrogen accepting unit + water) indicate that the binding energy of the water is 21.85 kcal/mol and that the hydrogen bond cooperativity increases the binding energy as much as 3.67 kcal/mol. The calculated interaction energies depend on the basis set, while the basis set dependence of the cooperative increment is negligible. Most of the cooperative increment is covered by the HF level calculation, which suggests that the major source of the hydrogen bond cooperativity in this system has its origin in induction. The BLYP/6-311G** and PW91/6-311G** level interaction energies of the model system are close to the MP2/6-311G** interaction energies, which suggests that the DFT calculations with these functionals are useful methods to evaluated the interactions of hydrogen bonded systems.
|
['Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Models, Chemical', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Water']
| 11,457,191
|
[['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['G02.282'], ['E05.599.495'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Relationship of QT interval duration with carotid intima media thickness in a clinically healthy population undergoing cardiovascular risk screening.
|
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between cardiac repolarization (QT interval duration) and intima media thickness (IMT) of the carotid arteries as surrogate measures of subclinical atherosclerosis.DESIGN: Prospective study with consecutive subjects enrolled in the SAPHIR program (Salzburg Atherosclerosis Prevention Program in Subjects at High Individual Risk).SETTING: The analysis of the material was performed at the departments of medicine and neurology of a university hospital.SUBJECTS: The study cohort comprises a population-based sample of 1199 clinically healthy subjects (851 men and 348 women; age 39-66 years). Exclusion criteria were cardiovascular disease, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, bundle branch block and use of medication affecting QT interval duration.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: IMT of common (CCA) and internal carotid arteries (ICA) was measured by B-mode ultrasound. QT interval duration was determined in the resting 12-lead electrocardiogram by an automatic analysis program. The QT intervals were corrected for heart rate with five standard equations (QTc-Bazett, -Fridericia, -Framingham, -Hodges and -Rautaharju) and tested for their relationship with carotid IMT after adjustment for clinical and metabolic variables. Results. Females had higher heart rates than males (64 +/- 10 b min(-1) vs. 60 +/- 9 b min(-1), P <0.0005), with longer mean QT (410 +/- 28 ms vs. 404 +/- 28 ms, P=0.003) and QTc intervals in all correction formulae (P <0.0005). Significant correlations between QT/QTc and ICA IMT (r=0.14-0.16) were found in males. In the general linear model the association between QTc (except for Bazett) and ICA IMT remained significant after adjusting for age, BMI and further cardiovascular risk factors. In females the crude correlations between QT/QTc and ICA IMT were lower than those with CCA IMT. Only the correlation between uncorrected QT and CCA IMT (r=0.15, P=0.006) remained significant after adjustment for covariates.CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study demonstrate that QT and QTc prolongation are in part associated with IMT of carotid arteries, which is an established risk marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. In men the data support the hypothesis of an association between QTc and ICA IMT. In women a statistically significant relationship was found between the uncorrected QT interval and CCA IMT. These findings suggest that differences in carotid IMT and ventricular repolarization between genders might be related to hormonal and nonhormonal effects.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Body Mass Index', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Carotid Artery, Common', 'Carotid Artery, Internal', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Regression Analysis', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Tunica Intima', 'Ultrasonography']
| 15,715,680
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['A07.015.114.186.200'], ['A07.015.114.186.200.230'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A07.015.700'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mitogenomic perspectives on the origin of Tibetan loaches and their adaptation to high altitude.
|
Tibetan loaches are the largest group of Tibetan fishes and are well adapted to the Tibetan Plateau. To investigate the origin of Tibetan loaches and their adaptations to the Tibetan Plateau, we determined 32 complete mitochondrial genomes that included 29 Tibetan loach species, two Barbatula species and Schistura longus. By combining these newly determined sequences with other previously published mitochondrial genomes, we assembled a large mitogenomic data set (11,433 bp) of 96 species in the superfamily Cobitoidea, to investigate the phylogenetic status of the genus Triplophysa. The resulting phylogeny strongly supported that the genus Triplophysa forms a monophyletic group within Nemacheilidae. Our molecular dating time suggests that the lineage leading to the Tibetan loaches and other loaches diverged approximately 23.5 Ma, which falls within the period of recent major uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau in the Early Miocene. Selection analyses revealed that the mitochondrial protein-coding genes of Tibetan loaches have larger ratios of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions than do those of non-Tibetan loaches, indicating that Tibetan loaches accumulated more nonsynonymous mutations than non-Tibetan loaches and exhibited rapid evolution. Two positively selected sites were identified in the ATP8 and ND1 genes.
|
['Acclimatization', 'Altitude', 'Animals', 'Cypriniformes', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genes, Mitochondrial', 'Genome, Mitochondrial', 'Phylogeny', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Species Specificity', 'Tibet']
| 27,417,983
|
[['G07.025.133', 'G16.012.500.133'], ['G16.500.275.058', 'N06.230.058'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.365', 'G05.420.275.500'], ['G05.360.340.360'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G16.824'], ['Z01.252.474.164.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Chitosan produced from Mucorales fungi using agroindustrial by-products and its efficacy to inhibit Colletotrichum species.
|
This study evaluated corn steep liquor (CSL) and papaya peel juice (PPJ) in mixture as substrates for the cultivation (96h, 28°C, pH 5.6, 150rpm) of Mucorales fungi for chitosan production, and determined the growth-inhibitory effect of the fungal chitosan (FuCS) obtained under optimized conditions against phytopathogenic Colletotrichum species. All Mucorales fungi tested were capable of growing in CSL-PPJ medium, showing FuCS production in the range of 5.02 (Fennelomyces heterothalicus SIS 28) - 15.63mg/g (Cunninghamella elegans SIS 41). Highest FuCS production (37.25mg/g) was achieved when C. elegans was cultivated in medium containing 9.43% CSL and 42.5% PPJ. FuCS obtained under these conditions showed a deacetylation degree of 86%, viscosity of 120cP and molecular weight of 4.08?104g/mol. FuCS at 5000, 7500 and 10,000ppm inhibited the growth of all Colletotrichum species tested. FuCS also induced alterations in the morphology of C. fructicola hyphae. CSL-PPJ mixtures are suitable substrates for the cultivation of Mucorales fungi for FuCS production. Chitosan from C. elegans cultivated in CSL-PPJ medium is effective in inhibiting phytopathogenic Colletotrichum species.
|
['Antibiosis', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Calorimetry, Differential Scanning', 'Chitosan', 'Colletotrichum', 'Mucorales', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared', 'Thermogravimetry', 'X-Ray Diffraction', 'Zea mays']
| 29,199,126
|
[['G06.550.050', 'G16.062'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['E05.196.131.310', 'E05.196.370.310'], ['D05.750.078.139.500', 'D09.698.211.500'], ['B01.300.381.235'], ['B01.300.300.500'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700'], ['E05.196.904'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Phenotypical and functional differentiation of CD4+ CD45RA+ human T cells following polyclonal activation.
|
Human CD4+ T cells differ in their expression of the leucocyte common antigen. Antibodies detecting certain forms (CD45RA and CD45RO) of this antigen have been used to identify and isolate subpopulations of the CD4+ T cells. These isolated subsets have been shown to have different abilities concerning lymphokine production and provision of help to B cells for Ig production. When these T-cell subsets were activated in vitro with polyclonal activators, the production. When these T-cell subsets were activated in vitro with polyclonal activators, the CD45RA+ cells lost this marker and gained the expression of CD45RO. This was true for all mitogens used in this report, i.e. accessory cell-dependent stimulation with SEA and accessory cell-independent activation with PMA or PHA. A correlation between proliferation and differentiation was observed, but this was probably not causative as stimulation with PMA in the absence of DNA synthesis resulted in the acquisition of CD45RO and loss of the CD45RA antigen. Moreover, cells proliferating vigorously for long periods of time expressed both markers at significant levels, which suggests that proliferation did not automatically result in complete loss of the CD45RA marker. The phenotypical differentiation was associated with a functional differentiation which induced the stimulated cells' ability to act as helper cells for Ig production and to produce gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). The results obtained in this study support the contention that the CD45RA+ cells are precursors of the CD45RO+ cells and that the two subsets represent different maturational stages of the same lineage.
|
['Antigens, Differentiation', 'CD4 Antigens', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Division', 'Humans', 'Leukocyte Common Antigens', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Phenotype', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 2,144,907
|
[['D23.050.301.264', 'D23.101.100'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.810.500', 'D12.776.543.750.830.700.025', 'D23.050.301.264.894.100', 'D23.101.100.894.100'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775.400.100.500', 'D12.644.360.587.100.500', 'D12.776.476.592.100.500', 'D12.776.543.733.937.500'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['G05.695'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hospital and outpatient care for psychotic patients during the last three decades. Subsequent hospital and outpatient treatment of psychotic patients hospitalized for the first time in 1949--50, 1959--60 or 1969--70.
|
The study deals with the development in the extent of hospital treatment and trends concerning outpatient visits for psychotics in Turku hospitalized for the first time in 1949--50 (period of shock therapy), 1959--60 (period of neuroleptics) or 1969--70 (period of intensified outpatient treatment). The bed capacity for psychiatric patients increased in Turku in the 1950-s, but has declined slowly since then. The number of hospitalized cases nevertheless continued to rise up to the 1970's. The number of caretaking personnel in the outpatient sector has increased five-fold and the extent of outpatient visits 20-fold over the 25 years covered by the study. After the introduction of neuroleptics, first hospitalizations became shorter, as fewer and fewer patients remained in long-term hospital treatment. At the same time the annual extent of hospital treatment declined, whereas rehospitalizations became more frequent. Along with intensified outpatient treatment first hospitalizations became still shorter, but the total need for hospital treatment was not reduced. During intensified outpatient treatment, rehospitalization was rapid and, at first, frequent; subsequently rehospitalizations became less frequent compared to the period of neuroleptics. In the 1970's intensive outpatient treatment provided immediately after the first hospital stay appears to be most clearly associated with a reduction in the number of hospital treatment days of schizophrenics. In the case of psychoses of old age an increased extent of outpatient treatment did not lead to a decline in the need for hospital treatment.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Community Mental Health Centers', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'History, 20th Century', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Admission', 'Patient Readmission', 'Psychiatric Department, Hospital', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'Schizophrenia', 'Utilization Review']
| 7,004,091
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N02.278.035.158'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['E02.760.400.620', 'N02.421.585.400.620'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.641', 'N04.452.442.452.422.641'], ['F03.700.675'], ['F03.700.750'], ['N04.761.879', 'N05.700.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Faecal bacterial microbiota in patients with cirrhosis and the effect of lactulose administration.
|
BACKGROUND: Gut microbiota may be altered in patients with cirrhosis, and may further change after administration of lactulose. We studied the composition of gut microbiota in patients with cirrhosis and assessed the effect on it of lactulose administration.METHODS: Stool specimens were collected from 35 patients with cirrhosis (male 26; median [range] age: 42 [29-65] years) and 18 healthy controls (male 14; 44.5 [24-67] years); 21 patients provided another specimen after lactulose administration for 55 [42-77] days. For each, a DNA library of V3 region of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA was subjected to paired-end Illumina sequencing. Inter-specimen relationship was studied using principal co-ordinate analysis. Abundances of various bacterial taxa, and indices of alpha and beta diversity were compared, between patients and controls, and between specimens collected before and after lactulose.RESULTS: Gut microbiota from cirrhosis patients and controls showed differential clustering, and microbiota from patients with cirrhosis had less marked alpha diversity. Abundances of dominant phyla (Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria) were similar. However, patients with cirrhosis had lower abundances of five phyla, namely Tenericutes, Cyanobacteria, Spirochaetes, Elusimicrobia and Lentisphaerae, and differences in abundances of several families and genera than in controls. Lactulose administration did not lead to any change in alpha and beta diversities, species richness and abundances of various bacterial taxa in gut microbiota.CONCLUSIONS: Gut microbiota in cirrhosis differ from healthy persons and do not change following lactulose administration. The latter suggests that the effect of lactulose on hepatic encephalopathy may not be related to alteration in gut microbiota.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Agents', 'Gastrointestinal Microbiome', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Humans', 'Lactulose', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S']
| 29,179,682
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A12.459'], ['D27.505.954.483'], ['G06.591.375', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.375', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.250'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.698.629.305.423', 'D09.947.750.423'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D13.444.735.686.670']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Reflected reentry in nonhomogeneous ventricular muscle as a mechanism of cardiac arrhythmias.
|
Arrhythmogenesis in ventricular muscle exhibiting nonhomogeneous excitability was studied in isolated tissues from feline and canine hearts. Longitudinal bundles were mounted in a three-chambered bath and simultaneous transmembrane recordings were obtained from fibers in each chamber. Nonhomogeneous excitability was established by depressing only the central segment (1 to 2 mm wide) with high-K+ Tyrode's solution, which induced discontinuity of propagation associated with step delays mediated by electrotonic current flowing through the depressed zone. When transmission delays were long, activity distal to the site of block returned to proximal tissue as one of two forms of reflected reentry, each elicited by a different mechanism. Type I reflection, occurring with antegrade delays of 30 to 60 msec, was characterized by an early secondary depolarization due to electrotonic spread of currents from delayed responses in the depressed segment. Type II reflection evolved with delays greater than 90 msec and was manifest as a closely coupled regenerative action potential that developed independently of a pacemaker mechanism and of slow but continuous conduction. We conclude that delayed activation of excitable elements, which occurs when propagation is discontinuous, may lead to rhythm disturbances of focal origin that are mediated by electrotonic interactions across a zone of depressed tissue.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Cardiac Pacing, Artificial', 'Cats', 'Dogs', 'Electrophysiology', 'Heart Ventricles', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Papillary Muscles']
| 6,689,641
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['E02.331.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['A07.541.560'], ['E05.481'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['A02.633.580.680', 'A07.541.510.619', 'A07.541.704.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Effect of Hormonal Contraception and Menstrual Cycle Timing on Genital Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Shedding and Lesions.
|
BACKGROUND: The effect of female sex hormones on herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 shedding and lesion frequency is poorly understood. Previous studies suggest that hormonal contraception may increase the frequency of HSV-2 shedding.METHODS: We studied HSV-2 seropositive women who performed daily genital swabbing for HSV DNA and completed diaries for genital lesions and menses. We used Poisson mixed effects models to determine if HSV detection varied throughout the menstrual cycle, or in response to hormonal contraception. We used the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and rank-sum test to determine if lesion frequency differed by cycle phase or hormonal contraceptive use.RESULTS: In 189 women aged 19 to 46 years who collected swabs on 10,715 days and were not using hormonal contraception, HSV-2 DNA was detected on 20.9% of days in the follicular phase and 17.8% of days in the luteal phase (rate ratio, 1.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.37, P = 0.02). Genital lesions did not differ in the follicular versus luteal phase (12.8% vs. 10.7%, P = 0.07). In analyses of hormonal contraception, including 244 women, HSV-2 DNA was detected on 19.0% of days for women not using hormonal contraception and 18.3% of days for those using hormonal contraception (P = 0.50). Lesions were present on 11.1% of days for women not using hormonal contraception, and 8.7% of days for those using hormonal contraception (P = 0.66).CONCLUSIONS: In women with genital HSV-2 infection who are not using hormonal contraception, the follicular phase of the cycle may be associated with a higher frequency of HSV-2 shedding compared to the luteal phase. Lesion frequency is similar during the 2 menstrual phases. Hormonal contraception use was not observed to affect genital HSV-2 DNA detection or lesions.
|
['Adult', 'DNA, Viral', 'Female', 'Genitalia, Female', 'Herpes Genitalis', 'Herpesvirus 2, Human', 'Hormonal Contraception', 'Humans', 'Menstrual Cycle', 'Middle Aged', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Virus Shedding', 'Young Adult']
| 30,148,758
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['A05.360.319'], ['C01.221.812.640.350', 'C01.778.640.350', 'C01.925.256.466.382.290', 'C01.925.813.350', 'C12.294.329', 'C13.351.500.342'], ['B04.280.382.100.750.440'], ['E02.875.194.581'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.605'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['G07.925'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hypoxic remodelling of Ca2+ mobilization in type I cortical astrocytes: involvement of ROS and pro-amyloidogenic APP processing.
|
Chronic hypoxia (CH) alters Ca2+ homeostasis in various cells and may contribute to disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis of Alzheimer's disease. Here, we have employed microfluorimetric measurements of [Ca2+]i to investigate the mechanism underlying augmentation of Ca2+ signalling by chronic hypoxia in type I cortical astrocytes. Application of bradykinin evoked significantly larger rises of [Ca2+]i in hypoxic cells as compared with control cells. This augmentation was prevented fully by either melatonin (150 micro m) or ascorbic acid (200 micro m), indicating the involvement of reactive oxygen species. Given the association between hypoxia and increased production of amyloid beta peptides (AbetaPs) of Alzheimer's disease, we performed immunofluorescence studies to show that hypoxia caused a marked and consistent increased staining for AbetaPs and presenilin-1 (PS-1). Western blot experiments also confirmed that hypoxia increased PS-1 protein levels. Hypoxic increases of AbetaP production was prevented with inhibitors of either gamma- or beta-secretase. These inhibitors also partially prevented the augmentation of Ca2+ signalling in astrocytes. Our results indicate that chronic hypoxia enhances agonist-evoked rises of [Ca2+]i in cortical astrocytes, and that this can be prevented by antioxidants and appears to be associated with increased AbetaP formation.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Astrocytes', 'Blotting, Western', 'Bradykinin', 'Calcium', 'Cell Hypoxia', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Interactions', 'Endopeptidases', 'Free Radical Scavengers', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Melatonin', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Models, Neurological', 'Oxygen', 'Presenilin-1', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 14,756,807
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.032'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['D12.776.049.407.249', 'D12.776.543.039', 'D12.776.645.468.500', 'D12.776.811.050'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D12.644.276.812.169', 'D12.644.400.090', 'D12.644.456.193', 'D12.776.467.812.169', 'D12.776.631.650.090', 'D23.469.050.375.110', 'D23.529.812.169'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G03.197.300', 'G04.270.300'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['D27.505.519.217.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506'], ['D12.776.543'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D12.776.543.696.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Differences in heart rate variability during haemodialysis and haemofiltration.
|
BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to evaluate whether convective (haemofiltration, Hf) and diffusive (haemodialysis, Hd) dialysis techniques induce different patterns of long- and short-term autonomic adjustments in haemodynamically stable dialysis patients.METHODS: Ten haemodynamically stable Hd patients were studied. Each patient underwent a block of six Hd sessions, then was switched to six Hf. During the last session of each dialytic treatment, continuous beat to beat measurements of systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and heart rate (HR) were performed. Spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) was made before and during the treatment to evaluate the modification of autonomic nervous system activity.RESULTS: Baseline values of plasma sodium, body weight, HR and SAP were not different for the two considered methods of dialysis, while the baseline values of normalized LF were significantly higher in Hf as compared to Hd and the opposite was observed for HF powers (P < 0.001). Sodium balance and body weight loss per hour did not differ between Hd and Hf while body temperature was kept constant in all sessions. Throughout the dialytic procedures, with both techniques, SAP was constant, while HR diminished from the first hour till the end of the procedure (P < 0.05). An increase in LF (and decrease in HF) was noticed only in the case of Hd, considering normalized units (P < 0.05). These selective changes were maintained also during the recovery after the procedure.CONCLUSIONS: The spectral analysis of RR interval variability during Hd and Hf suggests a potential autonomic advantage with Hf, to be added to the well-recognized intrinsic greater haemodynamic stability.
|
['Aged', 'Body Weight', 'Diffusion', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Hemofiltration', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oscillometry', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Sodium', 'Systole']
| 17,400,561
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['G01.202', 'G02.196'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['E02.870.225', 'E04.292.471'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.654'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A simplified computer model of cardiovascular system with an arm branch.
|
Non-invasive pressure simulators that regenerate oscillometric waveforms promise an alternative to expensive clinical trials for validating oscillometric noninvasive blood pressure devices. However, existing simulators only provide oscillometric pressure in cuff and thus have a limited accuracy. It is promising to build a physical simulator that contains a synthetic arm with a built-in brachial artery and an affiliated hydraulic model of cardiovascular system. To guide the construction of this kind of simulator, this paper presents a computer model of cardiovascular system with a relatively simple structure, where the distribution of pressures and flows in aorta root and brachial artery can be simulated, and the produced waves are accordant with the physical data. This model can be used to provide the parameters and structure that will be needed to build the new simulator.
|
['Aorta', 'Arterial Pressure', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Blood Pressure Determination', 'Blood Viscosity', 'Brachial Artery', 'Computer Simulation', 'Humans', 'Models, Cardiovascular', 'Pulsatile Flow']
| 25,226,957
|
[['A07.015.114.056'], ['G09.330.380.076.347'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.370.140', 'E01.370.600.100'], ['G09.188.370.124', 'G09.330.380.630.110'], ['A07.015.114.139'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.161'], ['G01.482.620', 'G09.330.380.630.555']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chato, a KRAB zinc-finger protein, regulates convergent extension in the mouse embryo.
|
In Xenopus and zebrafish embryos, elongation of the anterior-posterior body axis depends on convergent extension, a process that involves polarized cell movements and is regulated by non-canonical Wnt signaling. The mechanisms that control axis elongation of the mouse embryo are much less well understood. Here, we characterize the ENU-induced mouse mutation chato, which causes arrest at midgestation and defects characteristic of convergent extension mutants, including a shortened body axis, mediolaterally extended somites and an open neural tube. The chato mutation disrupts Zfp568, a Kr?ppel-associated box (KRAB) domain zinc-finger protein. Morphometric analysis revealed that the definitive endoderm of mouse wild-type embryos undergoes cell rearrangements that lead to convergent extension during early somite stages, and that these cell rearrangements fail in chato embryos. Although non-canonical Wnt signaling is important for convergent extension in the mouse notochord and neural plate, the results indicate that chato regulates body axis elongation in all embryonic tissues through a process independent of non-canonical Wnt signaling.
|
['Alleles', 'Animals', 'Body Patterning', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Movement', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Mice', 'Morphogenesis', 'Mutation', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Signal Transduction', 'Wnt Proteins', 'Zinc Fingers']
| 18,701,545
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.345.500.100'], ['D12.776.157'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A16.254'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G07.345.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.467.984', 'D23.529.984'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.985']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prostacyclin treatment in severe traumatic brain injury: a microdialysis and outcome study.
|
UNLABELLED: Prostacyclin (PGI(2)) is a potent vasodilator, inhibitor of leukocyte adhesion, and platelet aggregation. In trauma the balance between PGI(2) and thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)) is shifted towards TXA(2). Externally provided PGI(2) would, from a theoretical and experimental point of view, improve the microcirculation in injured brain tissue. This study is a prospective consecutive double-blinded randomized study on the effect of PGI(2) versus placebo in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). All patients with sTBI were eligible.INCLUSION CRITERIA: verified sTBI, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) at intubation and sedation of <or=8, age 15-70 years, a first-recorded cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) of >or=10 mm Hg, and arrival within 24 h of trauma. All subjects received an intracranial pressure (ICP) measuring device, bilateral intracerebral microdialysis catheters, and a microdialysis catheter in the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. Subjects were treated according to an ICP-targeted therapy based on the Lund concept. 48 patients (mean age of 35.5 years and a median GCS of 6 [3-8]) were included. We found no significant effect of prostacyclin (epoprostenol, Flolan) on either the lactate-pyruvate ratio (L/P) at 24 h or the brain glucose levels. There was no significant difference in clinical outcome between the two groups. The median Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) at 3 months was 4, and mortality was 12.5%. The favorable outcome (GOS 4-5) was 52%. The initial L/P did not prognosticate for outcome. Thus our results indicate that there is no effect of PGI(2) at a dose of 0.5 ng/kg/min on brain L/P, brain glucose levels, or outcome at 3 months.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Brain Injuries', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Epoprostenol', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injury Severity Score', 'Intracranial Pressure', 'Male', 'Microdialysis', 'Middle Aged', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Prospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vasodilator Agents']
| 19,226,191
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.550.500', 'D23.469.050.175.725.550.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875.500', 'E05.944.600', 'N04.452.859.564.800.500', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800.400'], ['G11.561.170.505'], ['E05.196.353.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D27.505.954.411.918']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Glycinergic inhibition in thalamus revealed by synaptic receptor blockade.
|
Using juvenile rat brain slices, we examined the possibility that strychnine-sensitive receptors for glycine-like amino acids contributed to synaptic inhibition in ventrobasal thalamus, where gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) is the prevalent inhibitory transmitter. Ventrobasal nuclei showed staining for antibodies against alpha1 and alpha2 subunits of the glycine receptor. Exogenously applied glycine, taurine and beta-alanine increased membrane conductance, effects antagonized by strychnine, indicative of functional glycine receptors. Using glutamate receptor antagonists, we isolated inhibitory postsynaptic potentials and currents (IPSPs and IPSCs) evoked by high-threshold stimulation of medial lemniscus. Like the responses to glycine agonists, these synaptic responses reversed near E(Cl). In comparative tests with GABA receptor antagonists, strychnine attenuated inhibition in a majority of neurons, but did not alter slow, GABA(B) inhibition. For complete blockade, the majority of fast IPSPs required co-application of strychnine with bicuculline or gabazine, GABA(A) receptor antagonists. Strychnine acting with an IC50 approximately = 33 nM, eliminated residual fast inhibition during selective GABA(A) receptor blockade with gabazine. The latency of onset for IPSPs was compatible with polysynaptic pathways or prolonged axonal propagation time. Strychnine lacked effects on monosynaptic, GABAergic IPSPs from zona incerta. The specific actions of strychnine implicated a glycine receptor contribution to fast inhibition in somatosensory thalamus.
|
['Animals', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials', 'GABA Antagonists', 'Glycine', 'Glycine Agents', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Neurotransmitter Agents', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, GABA-A', 'Receptors, Glycine', 'Receptors, Neurotransmitter', 'Strychnine', 'Synapses', 'Synaptic Transmission', 'Thalamus']
| 15,993,440
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.723.402'], ['G04.580.887.249', 'G07.265.675.887.249', 'G07.265.880.750.199', 'G11.561.570.918.249', 'G11.561.830.750.199'], ['D27.505.519.625.240.300', 'D27.505.696.577.240.300'], ['D12.125.481'], ['D27.505.519.625.300', 'D27.505.696.577.300'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E05.481'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['D27.505.519.625', 'D27.505.696.577'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175.562', 'D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.100', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.562', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.562', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.750.130.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.300.300'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175.781', 'D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.200', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.781', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.200', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.781', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.200', 'D12.776.543.750.130.625', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.470'], ['D12.776.543.750.720'], ['D03.132.436.681.722', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.722', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.722'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of evidential reasoning and AHP to assess regional industrial safety.
|
China's fast economic growth contributes to the rapid development of its urbanization process, and also renders a series of industrial accidents, which often cause loss of life, damage to property and environment, thus requiring the associated risk analysis and safety control measures to be implemented in advance. However, incompleteness of historical failure data before the occurrence of accidents makes it difficult to use traditional risk analysis approaches such as probabilistic risk analysis in many cases. This paper aims to develop a new methodology capable of assessing regional industrial safety (RIS) in an uncertain environment. A hierarchical structure for modelling the risks influencing RIS is first constructed. The hybrid of evidential reasoning (ER) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is then used to assess the risks in a complementary way, in which AHP is hired to evaluate the weight of each risk factor and ER is employed to synthesise the safety evaluations of the investigated region(s) against the risk factors from the bottom to the top level in the hierarchy. The successful application of the hybrid approach in a real case analysis of RIS in several major districts of Beijing (capital of China) demonstrates its feasibility as well as provides risk analysts and safety engineers with useful insights on effective solutions to comprehensive risk assessment of RIS in metropolitan cities. The contribution of this paper is made by the findings on the comparison of risk levels of RIS at different regions against various risk factors so that best practices from the good performer(s) can be used to improve the safety of the others.
|
['Accident Prevention', 'Accidents', 'Beijing', 'Economic Development', 'Humans', 'Industrial Development', 'Models, Statistical', 'Occupational Health', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Urbanization']
| 29,795,593
|
[['N06.850.135.060'], ['N06.850.135'], ['Z01.252.474.164.225', 'Z01.433.114'], ['I01.261.262', 'N03.219.206'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.261.262.500', 'J01.576.519'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['N01.400.525'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.880.853.400.726']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Sensitivity and specificity of multiphoton laser tomography for in vivo and ex vivo diagnosis of malignant melanoma.
|
The incidence of malignant melanoma has shown a dramatic increase over the past three decades. Patient outcome and curability depend on early diagnosis. In vivo multiphoton laser tomography represents a recently developed diagnostic tool that allows non-invasive tissue imaging. We aim to demonstrate the application of multiphoton laser tomography for the in vivo differentiation and diagnosis of melanoma. Laser radiation in the near infrared spectrum was used to image endogenous fluorophores by multiphoton excitation. Eighty-three melanocytic skin lesions have been investigated. The results showed distinct morphological differences in melanoma compared with melanocytic nevi. In particular, six characteristic features of malignant melanoma were specified and statistically evaluated. Sensitivity values up to 95% (range: 71-95%) and specificity values up to 97% (range: 69-97%) were achieved for diagnostic classification. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the most significant diagnostic criteria. We found that architectural disarray of the epidermis, poorly defined keratinocyte cell borders as well as the presence of pleomorphic or dendritic cells were of prime importance. By means of this procedure accuracy values up to 97% were reached. These findings underline the potential applicability of multiphoton laser tomography in melanoma diagnosis of melanocytic skin lesions.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biopsy', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lasers', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Melanocytes', 'Melanoma', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton', 'Middle Aged', 'Nevus, Pigmented', 'Observer Variation', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Tomography', 'Young Adult']
| 19,177,136
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['A11.409.750', 'A11.436.613'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['E01.370.350.515.458.500', 'E01.370.350.515.717.250', 'E05.595.458.500', 'E05.595.717.250'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.665.560.615'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['E01.370.350.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Clinical value of seminal paraoxonase-1 activity evaluation in the diagnosis of male infertility].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in seminal paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity in infertile male patients and assess the clinical value of seminal PON-1 examination in the diagnosis of male infertility.METHODS: Seminal PON-1 activity was detected by spectrophotometric method in the semen samples from 270 infertile male patients and 50 health fertile males (control), and the semen parameters were analyzed using a computer-assisted semen analysis system.RESULTS: In the male infertility group, seminal PON-1 activity was 1.22?0.76 U/L in the patients with normal semen parameters and 0.64?0.54 in the patients with abnormal semen parameters, both significantly lower than that of the control group (3.17?0.89 U/L, P<0.01). In patients with asthenospermia, the declined sperm motility was associated with decreased seminal PON-1 activity, which showed significant differences between patients with mild, moderate, and severe asthenospermia. Seminal PON-1 activity was positively correlated with the percentage of sperm viability (P<0.01), but inversely with the percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm (P<0.01). According to ROC curves, the area of seminal PON-1 activity under the curve was 0.907, showing a statistical significance (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The detection of seminal PON-1 activity can provide a laboratory evidence for the diagnosis of male infertility.
|
['Adult', 'Aryldialkylphosphatase', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Humans', 'Infertility, Male', 'Male', 'Semen', 'Semen Analysis', 'Young Adult']
| 22,985,582
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D08.811.277.352.660.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.294.365.700'], ['A12.200.732'], ['E01.370.225.992', 'E05.200.992'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
MIF gene polymorphisms confer susceptibility to Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome in a Han Chinese population.
|
PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to determine the association of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene polymorphisms with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome.METHODS: A total of 600 Han Chinese VKH patients and 600 healthy controls were genotyped for rs755622 and rs2096525 of MIF by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. Data were analyzed by ÷(2) analysis.RESULTS: Genotype distribution in controls was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The frequencies of the rs755622 GG genotype and G allele were significantly lower in VKH patients compared with controls (Pc = 0.006 and 0.016). Stratification analysis showed decreased frequencies of the rs755622 GG genotype and G allele in patients, respectively with headache, tinnitus, alopecia, poliosis or vitiligo compared with controls (all Pc < 0.05). rs2096525 genotype and allele frequencies were not different between VKH patients and controls. However, a lower frequency of the rs2096525 TT genotype was observed in patients with headache compared with controls (Pc < 0.05). The frequencies of the rs2096525 T allele in patients with headache or vitiligo were significantly decreased compared with controls (Pc = 8.54 ? 10(-4) and 0.012). In addition, the results showed a significantly increased frequency of the combined rs755622/rs2096525 CT haplotype and a decreased frequency of the GT haplotype in VKH patients compared with controls.CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified a strong association of rs755622 with VKH syndrome and certain clinical features. rs2096525 was associated with certain clinical features of VKH syndrome. The results also suggested that the CT and GT haplotypes were associated with VKH syndrome.
|
['Adult', 'Alleles', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'China', 'DNA', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Intramolecular Oxidoreductases', 'Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors', 'Male', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome']
| 24,194,192
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.330'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.399.475'], ['D12.644.276.374.480.625', 'D12.776.467.374.480.625', 'D23.125.477.500', 'D23.529.374.480.625'], ['G05.365.795'], ['C10.114.843', 'C11.941.879.980', 'C20.111.258.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Patch choice under predation hazard.
|
In this paper we study optimal animal movement in heterogeneous environments consisting of several food patches in which animals trade-off energy gain versus predation risk. We derive a myopic optimization rule describing optimal animal movements by fitness maximization assuming an animal state is described by a single quantity (such as weight, size, or energy reserves). This rule predicts a critical state at which an animal should switch from a more dangerous and more profitable patch to a less dangerous and less profitable patch. Qualitatively, there are two types of behavior: either the animal switches from one patch to another and stays in the new patch for some time before it switches again, or the animal switches between two patches instantaneously. The former case happens if animal state growth is positive in all patches, while the latter case happens if animal state growth is negative in one patch. In particular, this happens if one patch is a refuge. We consider in detail two special cases. The first one assumes a linear animal state growth while the second assumes a saturating animal state growth described by the von Bertalanffy curve. For the first model the proportion of time spent in the more profitable and more risky patch increases with profitability of this patch when state growth is positive in both patches. On contrary, if state growth is negative in the less profitable and safer patch, animals spend proportionally less time in the more profitable and more risky patch as its profitability increases. As a function of the predation risk in the more profitable patch the time spent there proportionally decreases. When animal state growth is described by the saturating curve, time spent in the more risky patch is a hump-shaped curve if state growth is positive in both patches. Our results extend the mu/f rule, which predicts that animals should behave in such a way as to minimize mortality risk to resource intake ratio.
|
['Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Choice Behavior', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Linear Models', 'Models, Psychological', 'Mortality', 'Population Density', 'Predatory Behavior', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Reproduction', 'Time Factors']
| 11,162,791
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.599.695'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['G08.686.784'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Unconventional transmissible agents or prions].
|
Unconventional transmissible agents, or prions, induce rare, slow, neurodegenerative diseases that are transmissible and always fatal: transmissible subacute spongiform encephalopathies. These diseases are characterised by spongiosis associated with gliosis without inflammation or demyelination. These unconventional transmissible agents have particular biological and physiochemical properties that set them apart from the other micro-organisms. They are resistant to temperatures over 200 degrees C and insensitive to usual disinfectants used in virology; in addition, they are resistant to all the processes that degrade nucleic acids, while being sensitive to those which modify the structure or the composition of proteins. The only specific biological abnormality identified in the brain of affected patients is post-transcriptional accumulation of a normal host protein, PrP, in a form that makes it resistant to proteases; its accumulation is proportional to the titer of infection. The study of animal models in these diseases shows that the nervous system is by far the most infected organ. Infection is present in many organs long before the appearance of histological or clinical signs, explaining the accidental iatrogenic contamination thus far observed.
|
['Humans', 'Models, Biological', 'Prion Diseases', 'Prions']
| 7,939,297
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['C01.207.800', 'C10.228.228.800', 'C10.574.843'], ['D12.776.785']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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