question stringlengths 13 215 | ground_truth stringlengths 2 3.15k | context stringlengths 0 157k |
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Is P. gingivalis bacteria found in brain? | Yes | BACKGROUND: The results from cross sectional and longitudinal studies show that
periodontitis is closely associated with cognitive impairment (CI) and
Alzhemer's Disease (AD). Further, studies using animal model of periodontitis
and human post-mortem brain tissues from subjects with AD strongly suggest that
a gram-... |
Is ibudilast effective for multiple sclerosis? | Yes, Ibudilast was shown to be effective for progressive multiple sclerosis. In a phase 2 trial involving patients with progressive multiple sclerosis, ibudilast was associated with slower progression of brain atrophy than placebo but was associated with higher rates of gastrointestinal side effects, headache, and depr... | We investigated the immunoregulatory effects of ibudilast, a nonselective
phosphodiesterase inhibitor, at a clinically applicable dose (60 mg/day p.o. for
four weeks) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Sensitive real-time PCR for
quantifying cytokine mRNA in the blood CD4+ cells revealed that the ibudilast
monoth... |
Does gepotidacin activate bacterial topoisomerase? | No, gepotidacin is a bacterial topoisomerase inhibitor. | |
What is the 3D genome browser? | The 3D Genome Browser, http://3dgenome.org, allows users to conveniently explore both their own and over 300 publicly available chromatin interaction data of different types. The browser provides multiple methods linking distal cis-regulatory elements with their potential target genes. Users can seamlessly integrate th... | Recent releases of genome three-dimensional (3D) structures have the potential
to transform our understanding of genomes. Nonetheless, the storage technology
and visualization tools need to evolve to offer to the scientific community fast
and convenient access to these data. We introduce simultaneously a database
s... |
Are gut proteobacteria associated with inflammatory disease? | The onset of inflammatory bowel disease is associated with enteric proteobacterial infection, yet the mechanistic basis for this association is unclear. | SCOPE: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon.
α-Mangostin (α-MG), the most abundant xanthone in mangosteen fruit, exerts
anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities in vitro. We evaluated the impact
of dietary α-MG on murine experimental colitis and on the gut microbiota of
healt... |
What brain procedure can be done using the NeuroBlate system? | NeuroBlate System is used for Laser interstitial thermal therapy. | Surgical extent-of-resection has been shown to have an impact on high-grade
glioma (HGG) outcomes; however, complete resection is rarely achievable in
difficult-to-access (DTA) tumors. Controlled thermal damage to the tumor may
have the same impact in DTA-HGGs. We report our multicenter results of laser
interstitia... |
Describe genomiser | Genomiser is an analysis framework that is able not only to score the relevance of variation in the non-coding genome, but also to associate regulatory variants to specific Mendelian diseases. Genomiser scores variants through either existing methods such as CADD or a bespoke machine learning method and combines these ... | Author information:
(1)Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; Genomics England Ltd.,
London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
(2)Institute for Medical and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin,
Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
(3)Skarnes Faculty Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10... |
Which ultraconserved element is associated with Embryonic Stem Cells (ESC) self-renewal? | Ultraconserved elements (UCEs) show the peculiar feature to retain extended perfect sequence identity among human, mouse, and rat genomes. Most of them are transcribed and represent a new family of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), the transcribed UCEs (T-UCEs). Despite their involvement in human cancer, the physiologica... | |
What is TPMCalculator? | The quantification of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) abundance using a normalization method that calculates transcripts per million (TPM) is a key step to compare multiple samples from different experiments. TPMCalculator is a one-step software to process RNA-seq alignments in BAM format and reports TPM values, raw read coun... | |
Describe clinical presentation of Escobar syndrome. | The Escobar variant of multiple pterygium syndrome (MPS) is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder which is characterized by pterygia, arthrogryposis (joint contractures), facial dysmorphism along with other anomalies. | Escobar syndrome is a rare condition with autosomal-recessive inheritance,
characterised by multiple pterygia, kyphoscoliosis, multiple joint contractures
and craniofacial dysmorphisms. A number of other abnormalities are also
attributed to the syndrome. Here, we present a case of isolated extrinsic
extensor-tendon... |
What is small-activating RNA? | small activating RNAs are double stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) that target gene promoters and trigger gene activation. | PURPOSE: RNA activation (RNAa) is a mechanism of gene activation triggered by
promoter-targeted small double stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), also known as small
activating RNAs (saRNAs). Myogenic regulatory factor MyoD is regarded as the
master activator of myogenic differentiation cascade by binding to enhancer of
muscle ... |
What is the mechanism of action of Ivosidenib? | Ivosidenib is an inhibitor of the IDH1 mutant enzyme that exhibits profound 2-HG lowering in tumor models. It is effective for IDH1-mutant relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia. | PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Hypomethylating agents (HMAs) are the standard of care for
patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Although these agents induce
responses in up to 40% of patients, most patients ultimately experience loss of
response. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the different
th... |
Which is the basis of the ATAC-Seq protocol? | This method probes DNA accessibility with hyperactive Tn5 transposase, which inserts sequencing adapters into accessible regions of chromatin. Sequencing reads can then be used to infer regions of increased accessibility, as well as to map regions of transcription-factor binding and nucleosome position. The method is a... | This unit describes Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with
high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq), a method for mapping chromatin
accessibility genome-wide. This method probes DNA accessibility with hyperactive
Tn5 transposase, which inserts sequencing adapters into accessible regions of
chromatin. Sequenci... |
What is vcfanno? | Vcfanno flexibly extracts and summarizes attributes from multiple annotation files and integrates the annotations within the INFO column of the original VCF file. Substantial performance gains are reported by annotating ~85,000 variants per second with 50 attributes from 17 commonly used genome annotation resources. Vc... | |
What is the association of Disease-Associated STRs (daSTRs) with domain boundaries? | Nearly all disease-associated STRs (daSTRs) are located at boundaries demarcating 3D chromatin domains. For instance, Fragile X syndrome patients exhibit severe boundary disruption in a manner that correlates with local loss of CTCF occupancy and the degree of FMR1 silencing. | Author information:
(1)Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
19104, USA; Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
(2)Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
19104, USA; Genomics... |
What is the link between ultraconserved elements and three-dimensional mammalian genome organization? | Ultraconserved elements (UCEs) occupy specific arenas of three-dimensional mammalian genome organization. UCEs are enriched within contact domains and, further, that the subset of UCEs within domains shared across diverse cell types are linked to kidney-related and neuronal processes. In boundaries, UCEs are generally ... | |
What are the "Ohnologs"? | Whole genome duplications (WGD) have now been firmly established in all major eukaryotic kingdoms. In particular, all vertebrates descend from two rounds of WGDs, that occurred in their jawless ancestor some 500 MY ago. Paralogs retained from WGD, also coined 'ohnologs' after Susumu Ohno, have been shown to be typicall... | Some zebrafish genes appear to lack an ortholog in the human genome and
researchers often call them "novel" genes. The origin of many so-called "novel"
genes becomes apparent when considered in the context of genome duplication
events that occurred during evolution of the phylum Chordata, including two
rounds at ab... |
What is TissueEnrich? | TissueEnrich is a tool that calculates tissue-specific gene enrichment in an input gene set. TissueEnrich can assign tissue identities to single cell clusters and differentiated embryonic stem cells. | SUMMARY: RNA-Seq data analysis results in lists of genes that may have a similar
function, based on differential gene expression analysis or co-expression
network analysis. While tools have been developed to identify biological
processes that are enriched in the genes sets, there remains a need for tools
that ident... |
Describe OligoSTORM | OligoSTORM and OligoDNA-PAINT meld the Oligopaint technology for fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with, respectively, Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM) and DNA-based Point Accumulation for Imaging in Nanoscale Topography (DNA-PAINT) to enable in situ single-molecule super-resolution imaging o... | Author information:
(1)Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur,
Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
(2)Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University,
Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
(3)Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115,
USA.
(4)Howard Hugh... |
Which metabolic pathways have been associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus? | Genetic polymorphisms of the xenobiotic metabolic pathway involved in estrogen metabolism might contribute towards pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). According to the analysis on metabolic pathway, SLE could cause significant changes in unsaturated fatty acid and amino acid metabolism pathway. Resul... | While the knowledge concerning the role of the immune system in many internal
disorders has grown rapidly in recent years, there are few methods to assess
immune system activation in clinical practice. Measurement of urine neopterin,
product of a metabolic pathway controlled by interferon-gamma, has been found
usef... |
What are the 3 main bacteria found in human milk? | Human milk is rich in diverse bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Pseudomonas genera. | Contrary to long-held dogma, human milk is not sterile. Instead, it provides
infants a rich source of diverse bacteria, particularly microbes belonging to
the Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Pseudomonas genera. Very little is known
about factors that influence variation in the milk microbiome among women and
pop... |
Which algorithm has been developed for trio-based benchmarking of variant calls? | Geck is a tool for trio-based comparative benchmarking tool of variant calls. It is a statistical mixture model for comparing two variant calling pipelines from genotype data they produce after running on individual members of a trio. | |
Which molecule is targeted by Caplacizumab? | Caplacizumab is anti-von Willebrand factor (VWF) antibody that blocks the interaction between VWF and platelets. It is used for treatment of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP). | Daily therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) transformed the historically fatal
prognosis of acquired, anti-ADAMTS13 antibody-mediated thrombotic
thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), leading to the current overall survival rates of
>80%. However, relapses occur in up to 40% of patients and refractory disease
with fatal outco... |
In which tissues is the lincRNA Xist expressed? | Relative expression of X-linked genes was examined in liver, kidney and brain tissue by real-time PCR in adult XX(Y)* and XY* males and XX females. X-chromosome inactive specific transcript (Xist) was expressed only in female adipose tissue. X-chromosome inactive specific transcript (Xist) was expressed only in female ... | Mammalian X-chromosome inactivation is thought to be controlled by the X
inactivation centre (XIC, X-controlling element -Xce-in mice). A human gene,
XIST and its mouse counterpart, Xist, which map to the XIC/Xce, are expressed
exclusively from inactive X chromosomes, suggesting their involvement in the
process of ... |
Which is the main component of the Lewy body? | Lewy bodies comprise of aggregated intracellular vesicles and proteins and α-synuclein is reported to be a major protein component. | Neuronal loss in specific brain regions and neurons with intracellular
inclusions termed Lewy bodies are the pathologic hallmark in both Parkinson's
disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Lewy bodies comprise of
aggregated intracellular vesicles and proteins and α-synuclein is reported to be
a major prot... |
What forms part of the senescence associated secretory phenotype, or SASP? | The diverse arrays of proteins secreted by senescent cells have been described to influence aging and to have both pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic influences on the surrounding microenvironment. Further characterization of these proteins, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and their reg... | Here we show that pemetrexed-treated mesothelioma cells undergo accelerated
senescence. This is characterized by the secretion of proinflammatory and
mitogenic cytokines, reminiscent of an SASP (senescence-associated secretory
phenotype). Conditioned media from senescent MPM (maligt pleural
mesothelioma) cells trig... |
How many pseudogenes are contained in the C. elegans genome? | Evidence suggests that a fifth of annotated Caenorhabditis elegans genes may be pseudogenes. At least 4% of the annotated C. elegans genes can be recognized as pseudogenes simply from closer inspection of the sequence data. Thus out of 18000 transcripts, around 3500 are expected to be pseudogenes. | Only a minority of the genes, identified in the Caenorhabditis elegans genome
sequence data by computer analysis, have been characterized experimentally. We
attempted to determine the expression patterns for a random sample of the
annotated genes using reporter gene fusions. A low success rate was obtained for
evol... |
What is a Aquaporin channel? | Aquaporins are membrane channels expressed in almost every organism and involved in the bidirectional transfer of water and small solutes across cell membranes. Aquaporins have important biological roles and have been implicated in several pathophysiological conditions suggesting a great translational potential in aqua... | Water is the major component of cells and tissues throughout all forms of life.
Fluxes of water and solutes through cell membranes and epithelia are essential
for osmoregulation and energy homeostasis. Aquaporins are membrane channels
expressed in almost every organism and involved in the bidirectional transfer of
... |
What is cluster of differentiation? | Cluster of Differentiation (CD) are cellular antigens used to identify cell populations, such as T-lymphocyte populations and macrophages. | Objective To evaluate the role of macrophage infiltration in the differentiation
process of ureteral polyps and cancers. Methods This retrospective
immunohistochemical study analysed archival samples of pathologically-confirmed
specimens of low- and high-grade ureteral cancer, ureteral papilloma and
ureteral polyps... |
List two medication included in the Juluca pill. | Juluca® pill includes dolutegravir and rilpivirine. It is the first two-drug single-tablet regimen (STR) to be approved for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults. | |
Which tool has been developed for tagging biomedical concepts via interactive learning? | ezTag is a web-based annotation tool that supports annotating a wide variety of biological concepts with or without pre-existing training data. It allows curators to perform annotation and provide training data with humans in the loop. ezTag supports both abstracts in PubMed and full-text articles in PubMed Central. It... | Recently, advanced text-mining techniques have been shown to speed up manual
data curation by providing human annotators with automated pre-annotations
generated by rules or machine learning models. Due to the limited training data
available, however, current annotation systems primarily focus only on common
concep... |
Which cells produce Interleukin 17A? | Interleukin (IL)-17A is secreted from T helper type 17 (TH17) cells. | Millions of children are affected by different neurodevelopmental disorders, out
of which autism spectrum disorder (ASD) poses a major hurdle to normal life
style due to associated behavioral abnormalities. Several studies have shown an
increased expression/release of Th17 related cytokine, IL-17A in ASD. IL-17A may... |
Is durvalumab used for lung cancer treatment? | Yes, Durvalumab is an anti-PDL-1 antibody that is used for treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. | A new approach to the management of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has
recently emerged that works by manipulating the immune checkpoint controlled by
programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed death ligand 1
(PD-L1). Several drugs targeting PD-1 (pembrolizumab and nivolumab) or PD-L1
(atezoli... |
Is LRP1 interacting with Urokinase receptor? | Yes | Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) mediates internalization
of urokinase:plasminogen activator inhibitor complexes (uPA:PAI-1) and the
urokinase receptor (uPAR). Here we investigated whether direct interaction
between uPAR, a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored protein, and LRP, a
transmembra... |
Is obesity related to cognitive decline? | Obesity is a common medical illness that is increasingly recognised as conferring risk of decline in cognitive performance, independent of other comorbid medical conditions. Overweight and obesity are associated with an increased risk of subnormal intellectual performance in young adult males. Subjects with low birth w... | BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity are risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
There is also an association between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive
ability. Since low birth weight is associated with adult metabolic disease,
particularly in obese subjects, the question emerges whether obesity has an
additional ... |
Describe the mechanism of action of ibalizumab. | Ibalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that acts as post-attachment inhibitor by binding CD4 2nd domain of T lymphocyte and preventing HIV connection to CCR5 or CXCR4. It has been recently approved by Food and Drug Administration as a new intravenous antiretroviral agent for heavily treated HIV adults with multi... | Ibalizumab (formerly TNX-355) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds CD4,
the primary receptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and
inhibits the viral entry process. A phase lb multidose study of the safety,
pharmacokinetics, and antiviral activity of ibalizumab was conducted with 22
HIV-1-in... |
Describe information obtained by immunophenotyping. | Mass cytomety enables comprehensive single-cell immunophenotyping and functional assessments, capturing the complexity of the immune system, and the molecularly heterogeneous consequences of primary immunodeficiency defects.
Circulating B, T, and dendritic cells were defined using flow cytometric analysis as recommende... | INTRODUCTION: The workup of lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) involves the
combined use of flow cytometry (FC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). This often
results in duplicate immunophenotypic testing and adds costs that may not be
eligible for reimbursement based on the Medicare National Correct Coding
Initiativ... |
What is the mechanism of action of Emicizumab? | Emicizumab (Hemlibra®) is a bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody that restores the function of missing activated FVIII by bridging activated FIX and FX to facilitate effective haemostasis in patients with haemophilia A. | BACKGROUND: In patients with severe hemophilia A, standard treatment is regular
prophylactic and episodic intravenous infusions of factor VIII. However, these
treatments are burdensome, especially for children, and may lead to the
formation of anti-factor VIII alloantibodies (factor VIII inhibitors).
Emicizumab (AC... |
What is the genetic cause of Roberts syndrome? | Roberts syndrome (RBS) is a human developmental disorder caused by mutations in the cohesin acetyltransferase ESCO2. | |
What is DiseaseEnhancer? | DiseaseEnhancer is a manually curated resource of human disease-associated enhancer catalog. As of July 2017, DiseaseEnhancer includes 847 disease-associated enhancers in 143 human diseases. Database features include basic enhancer information (i.e. genomic location and target genes); disease types; associated variants... | |
Is Tisagenlecleucel effective for B-Cell Lymphoma? | Yes, CD19-targeting CAR T-cell therapy tisagenlecleucel produces durable responses in patients with relapsed and refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. | The phase II JULIET trial suggests that the CD19-targeting CAR T-cell therapy
tisagenlecleucel produces durable responses in patients with relapsed and
refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Three months after the therapy, 32% of
the patients showed complete responses and 6% showed partial responses. After 6
mon... |
What is the function of GFRAL? | GFRAL (orphan receptor of the glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor α family) is a high-affinity receptor for GDF15.
GFRAL expression is limited to hindbrain neurons and not present in peripheral tissues, which suggests that GDF15-GFRAL-mediated regulation of food intake is by a central mechanism. | Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a distant member of the transforming
growth factor (TGF)-β family, is a secreted protein that circulates as a 25-kDa
dimer. In humans, elevated GDF15 correlates with weight loss, and the
administration of GDF15 to mice with obesity reduces body weight, at least in
part, by ... |
What is the role of ZCCHC17? | ZCCHC17 is a master regulator of synaptic gene expression in Alzheimer's disease. Master regulator analysis identifies ZCCHC17 as normally supporting the expression of a network of synaptic genes, and predicts that ZCCHC17 dysfunction in AD leads to lower expression of these genes. ZCCHC17 is normally expressed in neur... | MOTIVATION: In an effort to better understand the molecular drivers of synaptic
and neurophysiologic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD), we analyzed
neuronal gene expression data from human AD brain tissue to identify master
regulators of synaptic gene expression.
RESULTS: Master regulator analysis identifies Z... |
Is ADP-ribosylation a PTM? | Yes,
Poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) is a protein posttranslational modification (PTM) that is critically involved in many biological processes that are linked to cell stress responses. | Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) regulate protein functions and
interactions. ADP-ribosylation is a PTM, in which ADP-ribosyltransferases use
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to modify target proteins with
ADP-ribose. This modification can occur as mono- or poly-ADP-ribosylation. The
latter involves t... |
Does epidural anesthesia for pain management during labor affect the Apgar score of the the infant? | Epidural analgesia for labor pain management did not appear to have an immediate effect on neonatal status as determined by Apgar scores or in admissions to neonatal intensive care. | BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The association of an opioid with a local anesthetic
improves the quality of labor analgesia and reduces the risk of systemic
toxicity of the local anesthetic. However, opioids are not devoid of side
effects. The aim of this study was to compare the side effects of subarachnoid
sufentanil... |
What is latex bead phagocytosis? | Macrophage scavenger function was assessed by an in vitro latex bead phagocytosis assay.
We developed a scanning cytometry-based high-throughput assay of macrophage phagocytosis that quantitates bound and internalized unopsonized latex beads. | A highly sensitive quantitative fluorometric assay for phagocytosis, previously
measured using fluorescence spectrophotometry or flow cytometry, has been
adapted for use with a 96-well fluorescence plate reader. The technique allows
rapid analysis of large numbers of samples, and requires only a small sample
volume... |
Is phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase a selenoprotein? | Yes,
the phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx/GPx4) is the major selenoprotein. | Spermatogenesis is a complex process of male germ cells proliferation and
maturation from diploid spermatogonia, through meiosis, to mature haploid
spermatozoa. The process involves dynamic interactions between the developing
germ cells and their supporting Sertoli cells. The gonadal tissue, with
abundance of highl... |
Describe CGmapTools | CGmapTools improves the precision of heterozygous SNV calls and supports allele-specific methylation detection and visualization in bisulfite-sequencing data. | MOTIVATION: DNA methylation is important for gene silencing and imprinting in
both plants and animals. Recent advances in bisulfite sequencing allow detection
of single nucleotide variations (SNVs) achieving high sensitivity, but
accurately identifying heterozygous SNVs from partially C-to-T converted
sequences rem... |
Is inositol effective for trichotillomania? | No, inositol is not effective for trichotillomania | Trichotillomania is characterized by repetitive pulling that causes noticeable
hair loss. Data on the pharmacological treatment of trichotillomania are
limited, with no clear first-line agent. The aim of the current study was to
determine the efficacy and tolerability of inositol in adults with
trichotillomania. A ... |
How is the Regulatory Trait Concordance (RTC) calculated? | Regulatory Trait Concordance (RTC) that accounts for local LD structure and integrates eQTLs and GWAS results in order to reveal the subset of association signals that are due to cis eQTLs. | The recent success of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is now followed by
the challenge to determine how the reported susceptibility variants mediate
complex traits and diseases. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) have
been implicated in disease associations through overlaps between eQTLs and GWAS
sig... |
What is filipin staining used for? | Intracellular and total cholesterol (TC) were measured using filipin staining. | Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor used in a variety of consumer
products. Exposure to BPA leads to alterations in steroidogenesis of ovarian
granulosa cells. Here, we analyzed the mechanism by which BPA alters
progesterone biosynthesis in immature rat granulosa cells. BPA increased
expression of steroidog... |
Is TIAM1 favoring tumor progression in colorectal cancer (CRC)? | No. In colorectal cancer (CRC) TIAM1 suppresses tumor progression by regulating YAP/TAZ activity. | |
Which database has been developed that contains experimentally-confirmed carbonylated proteins? | Protein carbonylation, a chemically diverse oxidative post-translational modification, is widely considered as the biomarker for oxidative stress and protein damage. CarbonylDB has been developed as a manually curated data-resource of experimentally-confirmed carbonylated proteins/sites. The CarbonylDB currently contai... | MOTIVATION: Oxidative stress and protein damage have been associated with over
200 human ailments including cancer, stroke, neuro-degenerative diseases and
aging. Protein carbonylation, a chemically diverse oxidative post-translational
modification, is widely considered as the biomarker for oxidative stress and
pro... |
What is the function of the Nup153 protein? | Nup153 is a large (153 kD) O-linked glyco-protein which is a component of the basket structure located on the nucleoplasmic face of nuclear pore complexes. Nup153 is a nucleoporin mediating nuclear import. In addition to being important to pore architecture, Nup153 is a key participant in both import and export. During... | Nup153 is a large (153 kD) O-linked glyco-protein which is a component of the
basket structure located on the nucleoplasmic face of nuclear pore complexes.
This protein exhibits a tripartite structure consisting of a zinc finger domain
flanked by large (60-70 kD) NH2- and COOH-terminal domains. When full-length
hum... |
Is pacritinib effective for treatment of myelofibrosis? | Yes. Pacritinib (PAC), a multi-kinase inhibitor with specificity for JAK2, FLT3, and IRAK1 but sparing JAK1, has demonstrated clinical activity in myelofibrosis with minimal myelosuppression. | Pacritinib (SB1518) is a Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), JAK2(V617F), and Fms-like
tyrosine kinase 3 inhibitor that does not inhibit JAK1. It demonstrated a
favorable safety profile with promising efficacy in phase 1 studies in patients
with primary and secondary myelofibrosis (MF). This multicenter phase 2 study
further ch... |
How can PEGylation improve recombinant drugs? | PEGylation primarily improves pharmacokinetics and helps to prevent adverse drug reactions, by increasing the molecular mass of proteins and peptides and shielding them from proteolytic enzymes. | Protein and peptide drugs hold great promise as therapeutic agents. But there
are shortcomings: Many recombit proteins are quickly degraded by proteolytic
enzymes or are rapidly cleared by kidney filtration resulting in a short
circulating half-life. Additionally they are prone to be recognized by the
immune system... |
Can exposure to heavy metals like lead(Pb) or cadmium(Cd) cause changes in DNA methylation patterns in Isoetes sinensis? | Changes in DNA methylation of the endangered plant, Isoetes sinensis, have be shown to be affected by both Pb and Cd | Because of the accumulation of heavy metals, Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle,
a rooted submerged perennial aquatic herb, is being developed as a potential
tool to clean the aquatic ecosystem polluted by heavy metals. However, its
physiological responses for heavy metal remain to be elucidated. Here, through
empl... |
Describe GeneCodeq | The exponential reduction in cost of genome sequencing has resulted in a rapid growth of genomic data. Most of the entropy of short read data lies not in the sequence of read bases themselves but in their Quality Scores-the confidence measurement that each base has been sequenced correctly. Lossless compression methods... | |
Has Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) been reported to be a plasminogen receptor in pathogenic bacteria? | Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) has been reported to be a plasminogen receptor in many pathogenic bacteria. | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (EC 1.2.1.12) is an anchorless,
multifunctional protein displayed on the surface of several fungi and
Gram-positive pathogens, which contributes to their adhesion and virulence. To
date a role for extracellular GAPDH in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative
bacteria has ... |
Which de novo truncating mutations in WASF1 cause intellectual disability? | De novo truncating mutations in WAS protein family member 1 (WASF1) were identified in five unrelated individuals with moderate to profound intellectual disability with autistic features and seizures. WASF1, also known as WAVE1, is part of the WAVE complex and acts as a mediator between Rac-GTPase and actin to induce a... | Collaborators: Aitman T, Bennett D, Caulfield M, Chinnery P, Gale D, Koziell A,
Kuijpers TW, Laffan MA, Maher E, Markus HS, Morrell NW, Ouwehand WH, Perry DJ,
Raymond FL, Roberts I, Smith KGC, Thrasher A, Watkins H, Williamson C, Woods G,
Ashford S, Bradley JR, Fletcher D, Hammerton T, James R, Kingston N, Penkett C... |
Can CPX-351 be used for the treatment of tuberculosis? | No, CPX-351 is a novel liposomal formulation of cytarabine and daunorubicin which has recently been FDA approved for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). | PURPOSE: CPX-351 is a novel liposomal formulation of cytarabine and daunorubicin
which has recently been FDA approved for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia
(AML). The current study investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK) of this
liposomal formulation.
METHODS: CPX-351 PK data (cytarabine, daunorubicin, and metaboli... |
Which proteins form the nuclear pore basket in human cells? | Nup133 Is Required for Proper Nuclear Pore Basket Assembly and Dynamics in Embryonic Stem Cells. Moreover, the association of TREX-2 with the NPC requires the basket nucleoporins NUP153 and TPR, but is independent of transcription. The nucleoporin Nup153 is required for nuclear pore basket formation, nuclear pore compl... | Nup153 is a large (153 kD) O-linked glyco-protein which is a component of the
basket structure located on the nucleoplasmic face of nuclear pore complexes.
This protein exhibits a tripartite structure consisting of a zinc finger domain
flanked by large (60-70 kD) NH2- and COOH-terminal domains. When full-length
hum... |
Does lucatumumab bind to CD140? | No, lucatumumab is a fully humanized anti-CD40 antibody that blocks interaction of CD40L with CD40 and also mediates antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). | Lucatumumab is a fully humanized anti-CD40 antibody that blocks interaction of
CD40L with CD40 and also mediates antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
(ADCC). We evaluated lucatumumab in a phase I clinical trial in chronic
lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Twenty-six patients with relapsed CLL were enrolled
on fi... |
What is the mechanism of action of arimoclomol? | Arimoclomol is a heat shock protein co-inducer that promotes nascent protein folding. It enhances the ability of differentiated neurons to survive heat shock. | Arimoclomol is an investigational drug for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
that amplifies heat shock protein gene expression during cell stress. The
objectives of the present study were to assess the safety, tolerability, and
pharmacokinetics of arimoclomol in ALS. Eighty-four participants with ALS
received ari... |
What are the effects of STEF depletion? | The mechanisms regulating the actin cap are currently poorly understood. STEF/TIAM2, a Rac1 selective guanine nucleotide exchange factor, localises at the nuclear envelope, co-localising with the key perinuclear proteins Nesprin-2G and Non-muscle myosin IIB (NMMIIB), where it regulates perinuclear Rac1 activity. STEF d... | The perinuclear actin cap is an important cytoskeletal structure that regulates
nuclear morphology and re-orientation during front-rear polarisation. The
mechanisms regulating the actin cap are currently poorly understood. Here, we
demonstrate that STEF/TIAM2, a Rac1 selective guanine nucleotide exchange
factor, lo... |
Please list symptoms of measles. | The leading symptoms of the disease are high fever that presents after an incubation period of 9-10 days and the red rash that begins several days after the fever starts. Beyond specific generalized symptoms, measles may have ocular symptoms. The most commonly occuring satellite symptoms are conjunctivitis, coryza and ... | This study reports on molecular analysis of a Measles virus (MV) isolate from a
patient who was infected in Japan but showed symptoms after arriving to Brazil.
This patient had typical clinical measles infection symptoms: fever, rash, cough
and coryza. After isolating the virus in B95a cells, a fragment of the
nucl... |
Does simvastatin improve outcomes of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage? | No. Simvastatin showed no benefits in decreasing the incidence of vasospasm, DCI, or all-cause mortality after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage should not be treated routinely with simvastatin during the acute stage. | BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Experimental evidence has indicated the benefits of
simvastatin for the treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Two randomized
placebo-controlled pilot trials that used the highest clinically approved dose
of simvastatin (80 mg daily) gave positive results despite the fact that a lower
dose of... |
Which databases can exchange data using Matchmaker Exchange's API? | Matchmaker Exchange (MME) was created to establish a federated network connecting databases of genomic and phenotypic data using a common application programming interface (API). To date, seven databases can exchange data using the API: GeneMatcher, PhenomeCentral, DECIPHER, MyGene2, matchbox, Australian Genomics Healt... | Author information:
(1)McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland.
(2)The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
(3)Centre for Computational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto,
Ontario, Canada.
(4)Department of Pediatrics, University... |
Is pazopanib an effective treatment of glioblastoma? | No. Pazopanib does not improve survival of glioblastoma patients. | The objective of this phase II single-arm study was to evaluate the efficacy and
safety of pazopanib, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, against
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1, -2, and -3,
platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha and -beta, and c-Kit, in recurrent
glioblastoma. ... |
What is the purpose of the Ottawa Ankle Rule? | Ottawa Ankle Rules is a clinical decision tool used to minimize unnecessary radiographs in ankle and foot injuries. It shows the areas of tenderness to be evaluated in ankle trauma patients to determine the need for imaging. | BACKGROUND: Foot and ankle injuries are frequent in emergency departments.
Although only a few patients with foot and ankle sprain present fractures and
the fracture patterns are almost always simple, lack of fracture diagnosis can
lead to poor functional outcomes.
AIM: The present study aims to evaluate the reliabi... |
What is CIBERSORT used for? | CIBERSORT is a versatile computational method for characterizing cell composition of complex tissues from their gene expression profiles. | Author information:
(1)1] Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford
University, Stanford, California, USA. [2] Department of Medicine, Division of
Oncology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California,
USA.
(2)1] Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanfor... |
Are de novo mutations in regulatory elements responsible for neurodevelopmental disorders? | Yes. De novo mutations in highly evolutionarily conserved fetal brain-active elements are significantly and specifically enriched in neurodevelopmental disorders. It is estimated that, genome-wide, 1-3% of patients without a diagnostic coding variant carry pathogenic de novo mutations in fetal brain-active regulatory e... | We previously estimated that 42% of patients with severe developmental disorders
carry pathogenic de novo mutations in coding sequences. The role of de novo
mutations in regulatory elements affecting genes associated with developmental
disorders, or other genes, has been essentially unexplored. We identified de
nov... |
Which molecule is targeted by Olaratumab? | Olaratumab is a recombinant human monoclonal antibody that binds to platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFRα). It is used for treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. | PURPOSE: The platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) has an important
role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Olaratumab (IMC-3G3) is a fully
human monoclonal antibody that selectively binds human PDGFRα and blocks ligand
binding. This phase I study assessed the safety, maximum tolerated dose (MTD),
re... |
What is PANDAS disease? | PANDAS stands for (pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection) and has been suggested to be a result of a disordered immune response following an infection causing neuropsychiatric symptoms. | Streptococcal infection in children is usually benign and self-limited. In a
small percentage of children, prominent neurologic and/or psychiatric sequelae
can occur. Sydenham chorea is the best defined and best recognized. PANDAS
(pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal
infect... |
Are phagosomal proteins ubiquitinated? | Yes,
Phagosomal proteins are ubiquitylated, and ubiquitylation was found to be required for formation of acidic multivesicular structures. | Protein ubiquitination is critical for regulation of numerous eukaryotic
cellular processes such as protein homeostasis, cell cycle progression, immune
response, DNA repair, and vesicular trafficking. Ubiquitination often leads to
the alteration of protein stability, subcellular localization, or interaction
with ot... |
A herd immunity of what percentage of the population is required to prevent sporadic outbreaks? | A herd immunity of 95% of the population is required to prevent sporadic outbreaks. | INTRODUCTION: The measles virus is a major human pathogen responsible for
approximately 150,000 deaths annually. The disease is vaccine preventable and
eradication of the virus is considered feasible, in principle. However, a herd
immunity exceeding 95% is required to prevent sporadic viral outbreaks in a
populatio... |
Does tremelimumab improve survival of mesothelioma patients? | No. Tremelimumab did not significantly prolong overall survival compared with placebo in patients with previously treated malignant mesothelioma. | Immunotherapy is an emerging therapeutic strategy with a promising clinical
outcome in some solid tumors, particularly metastatic melanoma. One approach to
immunotherapy is immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as blockage of CTLA-4 and
PD-1/PD-L1. This special report aims to describe the state of clinical trials of
t... |
Can enasidenib be used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia? | Yes, enasidenib has been approved for the treatment of adults with relapsed and refracctory acture myelogenous leukemia with an IDH2 mutation. | In August 2017, the United States Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approved
enasidenib (Idhifa, Celgene/Agios) for adults with relapsed and refractory acute
myelogenous leukemia (AML) with an IDH2 mutation. Enasidenib targets cells with
mutant copies of isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 (IDH2), inhibiting the
oncometabol... |
What membrane proteins constitute TAM family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)? | Tyro3, Axl, and Mer are integral membrane proteins that constitute TAM family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). | Gas6 (growth arrest-specific gene 6) is the last addition to the family of
plasma vitamin K-dependent proteins. Gas6 was cloned and characterized in 1993
and found to be similar to the plasma anticoagulant protein S. Soon after it was
recognized as a growth factor-like molecule, as it interacted with receptor
tyros... |
What are the effects of the deletion of all three Pcdh clusters (tricluster deletion) in mice? | Multicluster Pcdh diversity is required for mouse olfactory neural circuit assembly. The vertebrate clustered protocadherin (Pcdh) cell surface proteins are encoded by three closely linked gene clusters (Pcdhα, Pcdhβ, and Pcdhγ). Although deletion of individual Pcdh clusters had subtle phenotypic consequences, the loss... | The vertebrate clustered protocadherin (Pcdh) cell surface proteins are encoded
by three closely linked gene clusters (Pcdhα, Pcdhβ, and Pcdhγ). Here, we show
that all three gene clusters functionally cooperate to provide individual mouse
olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) with the cell surface diversity required for ... |
What is CPX351? | CPX-351, a novel liposomal formulation which encapsulates cytarabine and daunorubicin in 5:1 molar ratio, has shown promising efficacy, leading to recent US FDA approval for front-line therapy for patients with therapy-related AML and AML with myelodysplasia-related changes based on a large multicenter Phase III clinic... | Multiple novel therapeutic agents against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have been
evaluated in the past several decades without meaningful clinical improvement in
outcomes, especially for AML patients age ≥60, where the overall incidence of
AML is highest. Therapeutic options mainly consist of hypomethylating agents,... |
Is collagen the most abundant human protein? | Yes, collagen is the most abundant protein family in mammals. | Collagen is a fibrillar protein that conforms the conjunctive and connective
tissues in the human body, essentially skin, joints, and bones. This molecule is
one of the most abundant in many of the living organisms due to its connective
role in biological structures. Due to its abundance, strength and its directly
... |
What micro-RNAs are useful in the diagnosis and prognosis of Heart Failure? | In particular, miR-214, miR-423-5p, appear to be promising for the diagnosis, prognosis and management of HF patients. | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of newly discovered small RNAs, non-coding, which
represent one of the most exciting areas of modern medical science as they
modulate a huge and complex regulatory network of gene expression. Lines of
evidence have recently suggested that miRNAs play a key role in the pathogenesis
of ... |
What is ivosidenib? | AG-120 (ivosidenib) ia an inhibitor of the IDH1 mutant enzyme that exhibits profound 2-HG lowering in tumor models and the ability to effect differentiation of primary patient AML samples ex vivo. Preliminary data from phase 1 clinical trials enrolling patients with cancers harboring an IDH1 mutation indicate that AG-1... | Somatic point mutations at a key arginine residue (R132) within the active site
of the metabolic enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) confer a novel gain of
function in cancer cells, resulting in the production of d-2-hydroxyglutarate
(2-HG), an oncometabolite. Elevated 2-HG levels are implicated in epigenetic
... |
List proteins interacting with Star-PAP | Phosphorylation regulates the Star-PAP-PIPKIα interaction and directs specificity toward mRNA targets.
Star-PAP directly associated with cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) 160 and 73 subunits and also the targeted pre-mRNA.
we show that Larp7 interacts with a poly(A) polymerase Star-PAP to maintain ... | Phosphoinositides are a family of lipid signalling molecules that regulate many
cellular functions in eukaryotes. Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate
(PtdIns4,5P2), the central component in the phosphoinositide signalling
circuitry, is generated primarily by type I phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate
5-kinases (PIPK... |
Describe symptoms of the Visual snow syndrome. | Visual snow (VS) is a constant visual disturbance described as flickering dots occupying the entire visual field. Recently, it was characterized as the defining feature of a VS syndrome (VSS), which includes palinopsia, photophobia, photopsias, entoptic phenomena, nyctalopia, and tinnitus. | Visual snow is a symptom described as the continuous perception of tiny
flickering dots in the entire field of vision, similar to static of an analog
television. Visual snow syndrome is a cluster of symptoms found highly prevalent
in patients that present with visual snow. While most of these symptoms appear
to be ... |
What is the role of the Leucosporidium ice-binding protein | Arctic yeast Leucosporidium sp. produces a glycosylated ice-binding protein (LeIBP) with a molecular mass of ∼25 kDa, which can lower the freezing point below the melting point once it binds to ice. ce-binding proteins (IBPs) inhibit ice growth through direct interaction with ice crystals to permit the survival of pola... | Arctic yeast Leucosporidium sp. produces a glycosylated ice-binding protein
(LeIBP) with a molecular mass of ∼25 kDa, which can lower the freezing point
below the melting point once it binds to ice. LeIBP is a member of a large class
of ice-binding proteins, the structures of which are unknown. Here, we report
the ... |
Is the enzyme ERAP2 associated with the disease birdshot chorioretinopathy? | Yes,
BSCR is also associated with endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2), an enzyme involved in processing HLA class I ligands. | Author information:
(1)Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology.
(2)Department of Medical Genetics.
(3)Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and
MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts
General Hospital, Harvard Medi... |
As of September 2018, what machine learning algorithm is used to for cardiac arrhythmia detection from a short single-lead ECG recorded by a wearable device? | Support Vector machines( SVM) can be used for cardiac arrhythmia detection in from an ECG recorded by a wearable device. | OBJECTIVE: Use of wearable ECG devices for arrhythmia screening is limited due
to poor signal quality, small number of leads and short records, leading to
incorrect recognition of pathological events. This paper introduces a novel
approach to classification (normal/'N', atrial fibrillation/'A', other/'O', and
noisy... |
Does Panitumumab prolong survival of biliary tract cancer patients? | No. Panitumumab in combination with chemotherapy does not improve survival of biliary cancer patients. | BACKGROUND: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a rare and lethal disease with few
therapeutic options. Preclinical data suggest that the epidermal growth factor
receptor (EGFR) pathway could be involved in its progression.
METHODS: This open-label, randomized phase 2 trial recruited chemotherapy-naive
patients with advan... |
Which microRNA is the mediator of the obesity phenotype of patients carrying 1p21.3 microdeletions? | MIR137 is the mediator of the obesity phenotype of patients carrying 1p21.3 microdeletions. | BACKGROUND: Deletions in the long arm of chromosome 1 have been described in
patients with a phenotype consisting primarily of obesity, intellectual
disability and autism-spectrum disorder. The minimal region of overlap comprises
two genes: DPYD and MIR137.
CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a 10-year-old boy with syndr... |
What is the aim of the METABRIC project? | The METABRIC [Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium] cohort aims at the integration of genomic and transcriptomic profiles of 2000 breast tumours. | BACKGROUND: In molecular profiling studies of cancer patients, experimental and
clinical data are combined in order to understand the clinical heterogeneity of
the disease: clinical information for each subject needs to be linked to tumour
samples, macromolecules extracted, and experimental results. This may involve... |
Name 3 diseases for which lucatumumab is being tested? | Lucatumumab is being tested as treatment for malignancies such as chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), Multiple Myeloma (MM), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). | The costimulatory molecule CD40 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
receptor superfamily and is expressed on various antigen presenting cells (APCs)
as well as some tumor cells. The binding to the natural ligand CD40L, which is
expressed on T helper cells, leads to APC activation and thus enhancement of
... |
Which transcription factor binding site is contained in Alu repeats? | A novel abundant NF-κB-binding site resides in specialized Alu-repetitive elements having the potential for long range transcription regulation, thus suggesting that in addition to its known role, NF-κB has a primate-specific function and a role in human evolution. | The transcription factor NF-κB is a critical regulator of immune responses. To
determine how NF-κB builds transcriptional control networks, we need to obtain a
topographic map of the factor bound to the genome and correlate it with global
gene expression. We used a ChIP cloning technique and identified novel NF-κB
... |
What is ferroptosis? | Ferroptosis is a newly defined iron-dependent, non-apoptotic mode of cell death with necrotic morphology. Ferroptosis is a new mode of regulated cell death, which is completely distinct from other cell death modes based on morphological, biochemical, and genetic criteria. Ferroptosis is a form of oxidative cell death a... | PURPOSE: Ferroptosis is a new mode of regulated cell death, which is completely
distinct from other cell death modes based on morphological, biochemical, and
genetic criteria. This study evaluated the therapeutic role of ferroptosis in
classic chemotherapy drugs, including the underlying mechanism.
MATERIALS AND MET... |
What disease is treated with Laparoscopic Heller Myotomy (LHM)? | To compare the outcome of per oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) and laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM) for the treatment of esophageal achalasia | BACKGROUND AND AIM: This retrospective cohort study compared clinical outcomes
and quality of life after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) against laparoscopic
Heller myotomy (LHM) for treatment of achalasia.
METHODS: Patient demographics, operation time, intraoperative blood loss,
hospital stay, time to resume diet... |
Name 4 side effects of enasidenib | Enasidenib is found to be associated with certain adverse effects like elevated bilirubin level, diarrhea, differentiation syndrome, decreased potassium and calcium levels etc. | BACKGROUND: Acute myeloid leukemia is the collective name for different types of
leukemias of myeloid origin affecting blood and bone marrow. The overproduction
of immature myeloblasts (white blood cells) is the characteristic feature of
AML, thus flooding the bone marrow and reducing its capacity to produce normal ... |
Is lucatumumab a polyclonal antibody? | No, lucatumumab is a a monoclonal antibody against CD40. | In this open-label, multicentre, phase 1 study a fully human anti-CD40
antagonist monoclonal antibody, lucatumumab, was evaluated in patients with
relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM). The primary objective was to
determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) based on dose-limiting toxicities
(DLTs). Secondary ob... |
What is evaluated with the SAD PERSONS scale? | SAD PERSONS scale was developed to evaluate suicide risk. | BACKGROUND: Prior studies on the association between sleep disturbances and
suicidal behavior did not explore whether or not short sleep is a marker of
suicide intent, lethality or risk.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional.
PARTICIPANTS: Suicide attempters (SAs) (n=434). Controls included 83 psychiatric
inpatients who have neve... |
Briefly describe a deep learning system that is more accurate than human experts at detecting melanoma. | in August of 2018 a study was published where a Convolutional Neural Network's (CNN) diagnostic performance was compared with a large international group of 58 dermatologists, including 30 experts. Most dermatologists were outperformed by the CNN, the CNN had both higher sensitivity and specificity. | BACKGROUND: Computer vision may aid in melanoma detection.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare melanoma diagnostic accuracy of computer
algorithms to dermatologists using dermoscopic images.
METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study using 100 randomly selected
dermoscopic images (50 melanomas, 44 nevi, and 6 lentigin... |
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