text
stringlengths
1
12.5k
source
stringclasses
3 values
All the mentioned steps have to be done but washing the hands is the next immediate step to prevent the spread of MRSA Ref: Textbook of Microbiology Baveja 5th ed Pg 638
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sodium Nutritional value of breast milkA) Carbohydrateo Lactose is in a high concentration in breast milk which helps in the absorption of calcium and enhances the growth of lactobacilli in the intestine.B) Proteino The protein content of breast milk is low which causes lower solute load on the kidney...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), are small areas of hypointensity on T2-weighted brain MRI imaging. CMBs can contribute to cognitive decline, their exact etiology remains unceain New studies emerges in which patients with purely lobar CMBs likely (but perhaps not always) have cerebral amyloid angiopathy, but those with pur...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. c (Mercury). (Ref. Parikh, FMT, 5th ed., 736)POISONINGSPoisoningFeaturesMercury# Characteristic colonic (especially ascending and transverse colon) thickening with "Diphtheric colitis like changes". Q# Glass blower's/hatter's shake (Shaking palsy). Q# Mercural erythism. Q# Acrodynia (pink disease). Q# Minimota dis...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Frey's syndrome (gustatory sweating) results from damage to the autonomic innervation of the salivary gland with inappropriate regeneration of the postganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibres of the auriculotemporal nerve that aberrantly stimulate the sweat glands of the overlying skin. The clinical features include swe...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
The Kveim-Siltzbach test is a skin test used to detect sarcoidosis, where part of a spleen from a patient with known sarcoidosis is injected into the skin of a patient suspected to have the disease. If non caseating granulomas are found (4-6 weeks later), the test is positive.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Venules Post capillary venules are an impoant point of interchange between the Lumen of the vessels and the surrounding tissue. Moreover both vascular leakage and Leucocyte exudation occur preferrentially in venules in many types of inflammation. Note - In lung the Leucocyte diapedesis also occur in C...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Gibbon's hernia Hernia with hydrocele Berger's hernia Hernia into pouch of Douglas Beclard's hernia Femoral hernia through opening of saphenous vein Amyand's hernia Inguinal hernia containing appendix Ogilve's hernia Hernia through the defect in conjoint tendon just lateral to where it inses with the rectus sheath Stam...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Intra/Preoperative cholangiography defines the biliary anatomy & is mainly used to exclude the presence of stones within the bileduct.In this technique,a catheter can be placed in cystic duct and contrast injected directly into the biliary tree Reference:Bailey & Love's manual of surgery,25th edition,page no:1116
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Froment Sign: In case of ulnar nerve palsy adductor pollicis supplied by ulnar nerve is paralysed. S o, patient holds the book between thumb and palm by using flexor pollicis longus (supplied by AIN nerve) . This produces flexion at inter-phalangeal joint, while holding book.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Varicocele Varicoceleo A varicocele is a varicose (tortuous) dilatation of the vein draining the testis,o Most varcoceles are noticed in adolescence or early adulthood.o The usual sufferers are tall, thin, adult men often living in hot weathero In majority of cases varicocele are left sided (95%), bec...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Disposal of glass vaccine ls and metallic body implants as biomedical wastes: Blue category. Treatment and disposal is done by Chemical treatment/autoclaving / Hydroclaving / Microwaving followed by Recycling.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
PROKINETIC DRUGS Metoclopramide Mech of action on GIT:- Metoclopramide has more prominent effect on upper g.i.t.; increases gastric peristalsis while relaxing the pylorus and the first pa of duodenum - speeds gastric emptying.This action is independent of vagal innervation, but is stronger when vagus is intact. Lower e...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Systemic sclerosis Systemic sclerosis, or scleroderma, is a generalised disorder of connective tissue affecting the skin, internal organs and vasculature. It is characterised by sclerodactyly in combination with Raynaud's and digital ischaemia It is subdivided into diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (DCSS: 30% of cas...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Very low-bihweight neonates whose mothers were treated with magnesium sulfate for preterm labor or preeclampsia were found to have a reduced incidence of cerebral palsy at 3years. (Ref: William's Obstetrics; 25th edition)
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
(Ref: KDT 6/e p735) Methanamine mandelate is used as an urinary antiseptic. It acts by conversion to formaldehyde at acidic urinary pH. Mandelic acid formed from this salt also serves the function of urinary acidifying agent. These are not effective against proteus because proteus results in the formation of ammonia wh...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Specimen for cases - Blood and CSF Specimen for carriers - Nasopharyngeal swab.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
The glucose uptake to adipose tissue is controlled by insulin. So in the fasting state, the glucose transpoer of muscle and adipose tissue is in intracellular vesicles. An insulin secretion falls in the fasting state, so that the receptors are internalized again, reducing glucose uptake.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Lead poisoning often causes a peripheral neuropathy with primary motor involvement. It can superficially resemble ALS, but upper motor neuron signs (such as hyperreflexia) are not seen in lead poisoning. In addition, the cognitive changes of lead encephalopathy are not seen in early ALS, in peripheral nerve injuries (e...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Eisenmenger syndrome This syndrome is secondary pulmonary hypeension that can develop with any cardiac lesion in which pulmonary vascular resistance becomes greater than the systemic vascular resistance and there should also be some right to left shunting. The most common underlying defects are atrial or ventricular se...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Probenecid
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
(D) Niacin# PELLAGRA is classically described by "the three Ds": Diarrhea, Dermatitis, Dementia.> Pellagra is a vitamin deficiency disease most frequently caused by a chronic lack of niacin in the diet. It can be caused by decreased intake of niacin.> Second, it may result from deficiency of tryptophan, an essential am...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Congenital atresia and stenosis are the commonest cause. The incidence of atresia varies with anatomical site: duodenum - 35percent jejunum - 15percent ileum - 25percent  ascending colon - 10percent multiple sites  - 15percent Vomiting is bile stained or not, depends on the atresia proximal or distal to ampulla of va...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Testicular feminising syndrome or androgen insensitivity syndrome is an X linked disorder of androgen action. It is characterised by resistance to androgens. Its karyotype is 46,XY. Pathology Affected individuals are genotypically male with a 46XY karyotype but with a female phenotype ( Genetics Thought to carry an X l...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
(d) Otorrhoea(Ref. Scott Brown, 8th ed., Vol 2, 819)Meniere is manifested as vertigo followed by deafness (SN), tinnitus and a sensation of fullness in the ear but no discharge.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. Two
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Central serous retinopathy- spontaneous serous detachment of neurosensory retina in the macular region, with or without retinal pigment epithelium detachment. Risk factors - young adult male, type A personality, emotional stress, steroid intake, HTN, pregnancy. Sudden onset of painless loss of vision associated with me...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
A i.e. 10.9 & 4.1
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
A Holstein–Lewis fracture is a fracture of the distal third of the humerus resulting in entrapment of the radial nerve.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
The parafollicular cells or C- cells in the thyroid gland is present in all pas of the thyroid gland. Their density is greatest in the juncture of the upper one-third and lower two-thirds of the gland. Ref: Harrison, E-18, P-2912
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
M. pneumoniae pneumonia is also referred to as Eaton agent pneumonia (the organism having first been isolated in the early 1940s by Monroe Eaton), primary atypical pneumonia, and "walking" pneumonia. A mild tracheobronchitis with fever, cough, headache, and malaise is the most common syndrome associated with acute M pn...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans is 'a' i.e. Hyperactivity o Characteristic triad of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder includei. Hyperactivity,ii. Impulsiveness andiii. Inattention (distractibility or lack of concentration).
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is 'b' i.e., III + V Marcus Gunn phenomenon (a.k.a. Marcus Gunn Jaw-Winkingor Trigemino-oculomotor Synkineses) IT is an autosomal-dominant condition with incomplete penetrance, in which nursing infants will have rhythmic upward jerking of their upper eyelid. This condition is characterized as a synkinesis: when tw...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
(D) All of the above> Neurovascular bundle in each intercostal space comprises of:-> Intercostal nerve> Posterior intercostal vein> Posterior intercostal artery
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
MacCallum patch/plaque is a feature of chronic rheumatic hea disease (RHD). During mitral regurgitation, where the regurgitant jet strikes back the atrial wall, results in endocardial thickening and it is called MacCallum patch or MacCallum plaques. They are described as "map-like areas of thickened, roughened, and wri...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ecthyma gangrenosum is a localized cellulitis with necrotizing and ulcerative evolution occurring in immunocompromised or neutropenic patients, mainly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Two pathogenic mechanisms are recognized; one occurring as the result of the presence of P. aeruginosa during bacteriemia, and the seco...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans is 'd' ie identifying hyperplasia of all four glands at surgery in parathyroid hyperplasia Parathyroid adenoma can be differentiated from hyperplasia only at the time of surgery. In case of adenoma only one gland is found to be enlarged the other three are normal or atrophic. In hyperplasia all four glands are diff...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. (D) All of the above(Ref: KDT 8th/e p587,832, Harrison 17th/e p35.4)Drugs causing Methemoglobinemia areAniline derivativesDapsonePrilocaineNitratesNitritesNitrogen oxidesNitro and nitrosohydrocarbonsPhenazopyridinePrimaquineSulfonamides
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
(a) Ach Muscarinic receptors,Ref: Lippincott, 6th ed., pg. 27-28* M1,M2,M3,M4 and M5 are Ach Muscarinic receptors. They are G protein coupled receptors.* M1 and M3 acts trough Gq protein, activates IP3/DAG and increase cytosolic calcium while M2 receptors involve Gi protein, inhibits adenylyl cyclase and increases pota...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
o 2% Glutaradehyde (cidex) is an aldehyde disinfectant with a broad spectrum of action against bacteria, fungi, viruses, as well as spores (slow action) o It is most often used for equipment such as endoscopes that cannot be sterilized or disinfected by heat (cytoscopes bronchoscopes) o Glutraldehyde is used for - i) C...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Lumph nodes are the most common site of extrapulmonary TB. Associated pulmonary disease is present in fewer than 50% of cases. The diagnosis is established by fine needle aspiration biopsy. Cultures are positive in 70- 80%. In descending order of frequency, the extrapulmonary sites most commonly involved in TB are the ...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Enriched media The media containing ingredients which enhance their growth-promoting qualities E.g. Blood agar, Chocolate agar and Loeffler medium. The usual media employed for cultivation of the diphtheria bacillus are Loeffler's serum slope and tellurite blood agar. Diphtheria bacilli grow on Loeffler's serum slope v...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. a (Rheumatoid arthritis). (Ref. Harrison's medicine 16th ed. 1966, 1975, 2313)Longstanding, stable, mild cases of rheumatoid arthritis can be treated with analgesics and non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, it is now believed that the disease is best treated aggressively in its early phase bef...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
G protein receptor also called seven transmembrane receptor is locatelsmd in cell membrane and open stimulations transmits signal to G protein Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number:534,535,536
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Dietary Fluoride Supplementation Schedule
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ref-KDT 6/e p56 Physiological agonism describes the action of a substance which ultimately produces the same effects in the body as another substance--as if they were both agonists at the same receptor--without actually binding to the same receptor
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans: D i.e. Ascites Diagnosis of small quantity of ascites is done by demonstrating puddle sign. The patient is put in knee chest position so that the fluid gravitates down to the anterior abdominal wall. The stethoscope is placed over this and the anterior abdominal wall is flicked for puddle sound. This can diagnose ...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
ICE syndrome is a type of neurocristopathy that means is because of disorder of migration of neural crest cells ICE Syndrome The most impoant feature of this group of diseases is the movement of endothelial cells off the cornea onto the iris. Type of Neurocristopathy. Consists of three disorders *Progressive Iris atrop...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Patients who are found to have Barrett's oesophagus may be submitted to regular surveillance endoscopy with multiple biopsies in the hope of finding dysplasia or in situ cancer rather.Annual endoscopy has been widely practised, but two-year intervals are probably adequate, provided no dysplasia has been detected.High-d...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Gastrointestinal reflexes Reflexes are integrated entirely within the GIT wall enteric nervous system. These reflexes include : 1.Peristalsis 2.Mixing contractions 3. Local inhibitory effects. Reflexes from GIT to preveebral sympathetic ganglia & then back to GIT Gastrocolic reflexes Enterogastric reflexes Colonoileal ...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Tattooing: It consists of unburnt or paially burnt powder paicles that are embedded in and under the skin through the force of their impact (when the weapon is near enough for the powder grains to strike). Tattooing is an antemoem phenomenon and indicates that the individual was alive; and it cannot be wiped away with ...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Corrigan's pulse /Water hammer pulse/Collapsing pulse | According to Frank Starling law, as end diastolic volume of LV increases, the force of contraction of LV increases. Seen on arm elevation above level of head. Collapsing pulse/Watson's water hammer pulse: Pulse is a bounding, forceful pulse with a rapid upstroke a...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ref: Harrison's 19th E pg 1573 Table 288-2. Thickened pericardium seen in constrictive pericarditis. Because constrictive pericarditis can be corrected surgically, it is impoant to distinguish chronic constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy, which has a similar physiologic abnormality (i.e., restricti...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Minimal dentinal destruction of 40 microns is required to be seen on a radiograph. Lesions confined to the enamel may not be evident until approximately 30% to 40% demineralization has occurred. For this reason, the actual depth of penetration of a carious lesion is often deeper than seen in the image.   Reference: Whi...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Juvenile idiopathic ahritis (Still's disease) It causes spindle-shaped swelling of finger joints and can involve joints such as the sternoclavicular joint. Presentation of JIA occurs as either polyahritis (five or more joints, systemic symptoms not so severe or persistent), oligoaicular (four or fewer joints, lower-ext...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. C i.e. Conves angiotensiogenogen to angiotensin I Renin/Angiotensinogenase It is an enzyme that paicipates in the body's renin-angiotensin system (RAS) -- also known as the renin-angiotensinaldosterone axis--that mediates extracellular volume (i.e., that of the blood plasma, lymph and interstitial fluid), and aeri...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
SIADH- condition which activates V2 Receptor in the collecting duct of the kidneys and INCREASE ADH will lead to gain of water in the body. - TBW || , Total salt is normal (Relative hyponatremia i.e. euvolemic hyponatremia ) Euvolemic Hyponatremia 1. SIADH 2. Glucocoicoid deficiency 3. Hypothyroidism Hypervolemic Hypon...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Gelle's test Vestibular system The vestibular system contributes to balance and to the sense of spatial orientation. It is a sensory system that provides the leading contribution about movement and sense of balance. It includes the labyrinth (semicircular canals and otolith : utricle & sacules) of the...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Glucocoicoids (GC) are a class of steroid hormones that bind to the glucocoicoid receptor (GR), which is present in almost every veebrate animal cell. The name glucocoicoid (peaining to glucose +coex ) derives from its role in the regulation of the metabolism of glucose, its synthesis in the adrenal coex.Coisol is the ...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Placental grading (Grannum classification)refers to an ultrasound grading system of the placenta based on its maturity. It primarily affects the extent of calcifications. Factors evaluated include placental calcium deposits and chorionic plate undulations. GRADE FEATURES Grade 0 <18 weeks uniform echogenicity smooth ch...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is `b' i.e., Anisocytosis Anisocytosis, hypochromia and poikilocytosis are seen in iron deficiency anemia. o MCV (normal -- 82 to 96 IL) is decreased in iron deficiency anemia (60-90 fL) o Howell-Jolly bodies are seen in megaloblastic anema, after splenectomy and in hemolytic anemia (not in iron deficiency anemia)...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
The lateral condylar (or capitular) epiphysis begins to ossify during the first year of life and fuses with shaft at 12-16 years. Between these ages it may be shared off or avulsed by forceful traction. The maximum chances of injury is between 5-15 years. Ref: Apley's 8/e, Page 596-609; Rockwood and Green's Fractures i...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. Crossed lower homonymous quadrantano
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Truncal vagotomy and antrectomy is procedure of choice for recurrent duodenal ulcers with lowest recurrence rate.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Secondary angiosarcoma presents in older women following radiotherapy for breast cancer ( a median of 10 years ) Stewa-Treves syndrome is a rare, deadly cutaneous angiosarcoma that develops in long-standing chronic lymphedema . Chronic lymphedema resulting from radical mastectomy and/or radiotherapy for breast cancer(o...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. (a) Duchenne muscular dystrophy* Duchennes muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive condition where boys suffer from disease while girls are carriers. The protein defective is dystrophin due to defect of dystrophin gene on chromosome Xp.21.* Boys present between 3-5 years of age with clumsy gait and history of ...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Principle and intercalated Collecting duct is 20 mm long and pass through the renal coex and medulla to empty into the pelvis of the kidney at the apex of the medullary pyramids. The epithelium of the collecting ducts is made up of two types of cell i) Principal cells (P cells), which are involved in ...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Alefacept is anti CD-2 for psoriasisEfalizumab is anti CD-11a for psoriasisUstekinumab targets the p40 subunit of both IL-12 and IL-23 in psoriasisAbatacept is anti CD-80 and CD-86 for severe RA
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is 'a' i.e., 90 dB, 4000Hz Auditory effects of noice Auditory fatigue - 90 dB and 4000 Hz. Deafness - 4000 to 6000 Hz Temporary - Repeated prolonged exposure to 100 dB Permanent> Single exposure to - 160 dB (due to rupture of ear drum) This question is a repeat from NEET 2012-13
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tyrosinase
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Streptococcus pneumoniae * Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of meningitis in adults older than 20 years of age.* A number of predisposing conditions increase the risk of pneumococcal meningitis, the most common of which is pneumonia.* Additional risk factors include alcoholism, acute ...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Arbovirus REF: Jawetz's, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology, 24th edition cchapter 47. Principles of Diagnostic Medical MicrobiologyRecovery of Arbovirus and detection:Virus isolation attempts require appropriate biosafety precautions to prevent laboratory infections. Virus occurs in the blood only early in the...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
B i.e. Endoplasmic reticulumThe secretory proteins and transpo proteins are synthesized in ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulumQ. Where as proteins which have to be delivered in cytosol are synthesized in free polyribosomes.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine 23rd edition. Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine 23rd edition. * Composting is a method of combined disposal of refuse and night soil or sludge where suitable land is available.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Lacunar skull - Arnold chiari malformation. Cotton wool skull - Paget's disease. Geographic skull - Eosinophilic granuloma.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Lobular carcinoma is frequently multifocal, multicentric and bilateral and is contraindication for breast conservative surgery.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Most commonly involved organism in causing urinary tract infection is E. Coli. Risk factors - More common in females Recent use of a diaphragm with spermicide, frequent sexual intercourse. Maternal history of diabetes ,UTI and incontinence . Obstruction in urine flow(calculi,malignancies) Incomplete voiding(residual ur...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Carvedilol Carvedilol Carvedilol is a b1 + b2 + a1 adrenoceptor blocker with a : b blocking propey of 1 : 9. It has antioxidant and antimitotic propey. It produces peripheral vasodilation due to a-1 blockade as well as calcium channel blockade (direct effect). It is used in hypeension and angina. It i...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ventouse - is an instrumental device designed to assist delivery by creating a vaccum between it and the fetal scalp. In case of failed ventouse, forceps may be used if 1. Head is almost completely rotated 2. Cervix is fully dilated 3. There is some degree of descent
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
The term secular trend implies changes in the occurence of diseases (i.e. A progressive increase or decrease)over a long period of time generally several years or decades.(refer pg no: 66 park 23 rd edition)
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
The most impoant aspect of FAO's (Food and Agriculture organization) work is towards ensuring that the food is consumed by the people who need it, in sufficient quantities and in right propoions, to develop and maintain a better state of nutrition throughout the world.In this context, the FAO has organized a world free...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Diagnosis - winging of scapula - long thoracic nerve - branch from root of brachial plexus
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
The clinical profile describes that child has Gaucher's disease. Her bone marrow biopsy shown below- Bone marrow biopsy shows GAUCHER CELL which is a macrophage filled with excess PAS-positive glucocerebroside giving "CRUMPLED TISSUE PAPER" appearance. X ray of the left distal femur shows ERLENMEYER FLASK DEFORMITY (me...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. b. Old rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (Ref: Yanoff and Duker 4/e p651 Kanski 7/e p687; Khurana 4/e p275-279)Suhretinal demarcation lines (The water marks) indicate old rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.'In chronic cases of Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, a demarcation pigment line suggests the presence of fl...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
B. i.e. Coical blindness VER assess the functional state of the visual system beyond retinal ganglion cells. Since there is dispropoionately large projection of macular area in the occipital coex, the clinically measured VER is primary a response generated by macula & optic nerve. In any abnormality of macula, optic ne...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Swelling of deep lobe of parotid gland presents as swelling in parapharyngeal space. The parotid gland is the most common site for salivary tumours. Most tumours arise in the superficial lobe and present as slow-growing, painless swellings below the ear, in front of the ear or in the upper aspect of the neck. Less comm...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
(A) Anti histone antibody # Lupus erythematosus (LE): is an autoimmune disease that can affect the skin, joints, heart, lungs, kidneys, and brain. Drug-induced LE (DILE) is a variant of autoimmune disease that resolves within days to months after withdrawal of the culprit drug in a patient with no underlying immune sys...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. Mixed astigmatism
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. is 'd' i.e., M.kansasii
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
All barbiturates (including thiopentone) are absolutely contraindicated. There is controversy regarding etomidate because some text books (miller) consider it safe, while other (Lee, Wylie), consider it unsafe :- Miller (7th/e 1115) has given etomidate amongst the safe drugs. Lee and Wylie have opinion different to M...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Answer is A (Aoic Stenosis) Aoic calcification is most commonly associated with Aoic stenosis Aoic Calcification in Aoic stenosis is usually apparent on fluoroscopic examination with an image intensifier or by echocardiography. The absence of aoic calcification in an adult suggests that severe valvular Aoic stenosis is...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) Gross appearance, the kidneys are bilaterally enlarged and may achieve enormous sizes; weights as much as 4 kg each. External surface - composed of a mass of cysts, up to 3 to 4 cm in diameter, with no intervening parenchyma.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Genital wa
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
CHYLOMICRONSSynthesis of chylomicrons Chylomicrons are formed in the intestinal mucosal cells and secreted into the lacteals of lymphatic system (Chapter 11). They are rich in triglyceride (Fig. 12.9). If lipemic serum is kept overnight in the refrigerator, chylomicrons rise as a creamy layer to the top, leaving the su...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
D. i.e. Flight of ideas
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Pterygium is a non-cancerous (non-neoplasic) growth of conjunctiva, characterized by a wing-shaped fold of conjunctiva encroaching upon the cornea form either side within the interpalpebral fissure. Reference: AK khurana 7th edition page 89
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Elderly male patient –poorly controlled diabetic and hypertensive, known smoker with COPD. His co-morbidities are constant threat to life.  And since emergency appendectomy is done, it falls under ASA 4E.
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Ans. (c) Cardinal veinRef: D.C. Dutta 8th ed. / 50* The cardinal veins form as the basis for the intraembryonic venous part of the circulatory system. Various venous systems appear in various stages of the embryogenesis and partially disappear again. Very early in the development two paired systems appear:# The superio...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
(a) Bill's bar(Ref. Shambaugh, 6th ed., page 42)Ponticulus is a ridge which runs from the oval window to the sinus tympani forming its superior extent.Cog is a bony projection from the roof of middle ear, i.e. tegmen tympani to the processus cochleariformis, serving as an approximate landmark for the facial nerve.Falci...
openlifescienceai/medmcqa
Inderbir Singh&;s Human embryology; Tenth edition; Pg 50As cleavage proceeds, the ovum comes to have 16 cells. It now looks like a mulberry and is called the morula
openlifescienceai/medmcqa