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Placement of nitrogen flowmeter downstream of the oxygen flowmeter "Oxygen is last gas to be added for safety in event of leak from top of rotainotor, so most downstream." The systems used to prevent hypoxia:- Low oxygen pressure alarm It detects oxygen supply failure at the common gas inlet that activates a gas whistl... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
WHO CUT-OFF POINTS OF WHR Indicator CUT-OFF points Risk of metabolic complications Waist circumference >94 cm (M) >80 cm (W) Increased Hip cirrcumference >102 cm (M) >88 cm (W) Substantially increased Waist-Hip ratio >= 0.95(M) >= 0.80(W) Substantially increased Ref: Park 23rd edition Pgno : 400 WC & WHR, WHO Consultat... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Etiologic Factors Believed to Be Associated with Esophageal Cancer: Excess alcohol consumption Cigarette smoking Other ingested carcinogens Nitrates (conveed to nitrites) Smoked opiates Fungal toxins in pickled vegetables Mucosal damage from physical agents Hot tea Lye ingestion Radiation-induced strictures Chronic ach... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Mediastinal syndrome other name for SVC syndrome or It involves veins of upper half of body. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
B i.e. Skin Rash | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Rickets | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
(C) High dose vasopressinCPR Quality:-Push hard (>2:2") & fast (>=2:100/min) & allow complete chest recoil.-Minimize interruptions in compressions-Avoid excessive ventilation-Rotate compressor every 2 minutes-If no advanced airway, 30:2 compression-ventilation ratio-Quantitative waveform capnography-If PETCO2<10mmHg, a... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Emphysema is due to decreased surface are It is due to alfa 1 anti trypsin deficiency due to which membrane gets destroyed and surface is reduced | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
GISTs express the Kit (CD117, stem cell factor receptor) protein. The kit is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor. The Kit protein is detected by immunohistochemistry and can reliably distinguish GISTs from true smooth muscle neoplasms.
Most GISTs also are positive for CD34, a hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen.... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Protamine sulfate The most common adverse effect of heparin is bleeding. Protamine sulfate is an antidote of heparin. Protamine is strongly basic low molecular weight protein. Protamine sulfate is rarely needed in heparin induced bleeding because the action of heparin disappears by itself in few hours. The best managem... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
The patient in the question:
Has gestational age = 37 weeks i.e. fetus has attained maturity so immediate termination of pregnancy is recommended.
Has central placenta previa Type IV i.e. vaginal delivery is contraindicated, cesarean section has to be done.
Patient is having heavy bleeding.
According to Fernando Aria... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ref khurana 6/e | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'a' i.e,, Aqueous flare o Aqueous flare is the earliest sign of acute anterior uveitis.o Keratic precipitates is the pathognomic sign of acute anterior uveitisClinical features of acute anterior uveitiso Acute anterior uveitis is the most common form of uveits, accounting for 60-70% of cases. It is characterize... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Nucleus involved in Papez circuit is anterior nucleus of thalamus. Ref: Review of Medical Physiology by William ganong, 22nd Edition, Page 256 | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
True sexual precocity in girls is characterized by normal gonadotropin levels (as opposed to expected low prepubertal gonadotropin levels) and a normal ovulatory pattern. It represents premature activation of a normally operating hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Although it is usually idiopathic, true sexual precocity can ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ribosome OrganelleFunctiono NucleolusSite of synthesis of r-RNAo RibosomesSite of protein synthesis, translation of mRNAo RER, Granular ERSite of protein synthesis(e.g. hormones, proteins found inenzyme)o SER/Agrannlar ERSite of steroid synthesis / detoxification / FA elongationo Golgi BodyProcessing ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Systemic sequelae of OSAS include hypertension, Cor Pulmonale, and cardiac arrhythmia. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. b (Marginal).(Ref. Diseases of ENT, PL Dhingra, 2nd ed., 71, 3rd ed., 99)# Tubotympanic disease or central perforation remains localized to mucosa and that too mostly to anterioinferior part of middle ear cavity.# While atticoantral type or marginal or unsafe otitis media involves posteriosuperior part of middle e... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Answer is C (Endothelin-1) Endothelin-1 (ET-I) levels have been found to correlate best with pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with Hea Failure. Hea failure is associated with increase in plasma levels of Endothelin-1 (ET-1). Endothelin-1 (ET-I) is amongst the most potent endogenous vasoconstrictors. The pulmon... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Some Chaperones and Enzymes Involved in Folding that is Located in the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
BiP (immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein)
GRP94 (glucose-regulated protein)
Calnexin
Calreticulin
PDI (protein disulfide isomerase)
PPI (peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase) | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
C i.e. Increased excitability of muscle and nerve.A decrease in extracellular Ca2+ concentration increases the excitability of nerve and muscle cellsQ by decreasing the amount of depolarization necessary to initiate the changes in Nat K+ conductance that produces the action potential. An increase in Ca2+ concentration ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Optochin resistance . Pneumococcus is optochin senstive (not resistant). The senstivity of pneumococci to optochin is useful in differentiating them from streptococci. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Cryoglobulins are antibodies directed against other immunoglobulins, and which form immune complexes that precipitate in the cold. type1 type 2 type 3 Immunoglobulin isotype and specificity Isolated monoclonal IgM paraprotein with no paicular specificity Immune complexes formed by monoclonal IgM paraprotein directed to... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
IGRA is interferon gamma release assay .In this test,we target up with the aificial intake of mycobacterium like ESAT-6,CFP-10,TB-7.7, by adding the sample blood(sensitized ) having T-cells which release interferon gamma and its activity can be measured. It is highly specific and there are no positive results. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
D i.e. Hypoglossal | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Poal hypeension due to isolated splenic vein thrombosis is k/a left-sided poal hypeension. In left-sided poal hypeension the pressures in the poal and superior mesenteric veins are normal. There is gastrosplenic venous hypeension leading to the formation of gastric varices (not esophageal varices). The splenic venous b... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
genetic reassoment in praparation of vaccine for rota virus REF:ANANTHANARYANAN TEXT BOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.561 | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Option 1, 2, 3, 4 Cell-mediated immunity: It is mediated by both activated T helper cells and cytotoxic t cells. Cytokines secreted by Th cells activate various phagocytic cells, enabling them to phagocytose and kill microorganisms. This type of cell-mediated immune response is especially impoant against a host of bact... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Free fatty acids (FFAs)/ Nonesterified (NEFA) fatty acid : Not esterified with fatty acids. Long-chain free fatty acids Transpoed by albumin. Hydrophobic clefts in the albumin binds to albumin. Sho chain fatty acids (butyrate ) More water-soluble Exist as the unionized acid/ fatty acid anion. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Felanga is a method of torture in which rods or sticks are used to beat on foot. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Erythrasma:Erythrasma, a localized infection of the stratum corneum usually affecting the axilla and groin, is caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum. This is a lipophilic Corynebacterium and can be grown readily in media containing 20% fetal calf serum. Ref: Ananthanarayan 9th edition, p635-639 | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. (C) Pethidine(Ref: Anesthesiology by Longnecker/1485; KDT 8th/e p503)Pethidine is most effective drug for treatment of post-operative shivering. Other drugs that can be used for this purpose are clonidine, doxapram, ketanserin and alfentanil. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is d i.e. Benign Gestational Gestational thrombocytopenia / Benign Gestational Thrombocytopenia It is the most common cause of thrombocytopenia accounting for 80-90% of all cases of thrombocytopenia occuring during pregnancy. Exact cause is not known (may be due to hemodilution and increased platelet consumption.)... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a benign and self-limited disease that mainly affects young women. Patients present with localized lymphadenopathy, fever, and leukopenia in up to half of the cases. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Patient is obese with diabetes mellitus and hypeension . In this case anti-obesity drugs along with diet and exercise should be staed. A GUIDE TO OPTING FOR TREATMENT FOR OBESITY TREATMENT BMI CATEGORY(kg/m2) 25-26.9 27-29.9 30-34.9 35-39.9 >=40 Diet,exercise,behavioral therapy With comorbidites With comorbidites + + +... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Optic nerve lesion An arcuate visual field defect usually results from damage to retinal nerve fibers or ganglion cells in the superior or inferior arcuate nerve fiber bundles. In such cases there is a central field defect that is not circular but instead is limited above or below by the horizontal me... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
An inhaled induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane in oxygen with or without nitrous oxide is a common method used in children because it does not require IV access. IV induction is selected in children who already have IV access, who request an IV induction, or for whom an IV induction is indicated (full stomach, per... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. B: Caesarean Section An initial assessment to determine the status of the mother and fetus is required. It is now considered safe to treat placenta prae on an outpatient basis if the fetus is at less than 30 weeks of gestation, and neither the mother nor the fetus are in distress. Immediate delivery of the fetus m... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
disulfiram blocks metabolism of alcohol causing aldehyde to accumulate causing headache , flushing , nauseous, Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 99e | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
investigations for GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE, *24 hours oesophageal pH monitoring - the gold standard. PPI should be stopped for 3 weeks prior to pH monitoring. *Barium study in head down position. * Endoscopy to exclude other disease and to assess any mucosal injury - red inflamed mucosa often with ulceration. S... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Bence Jones proteins are immunoglobulin free light chains excreted in the urine of patients with multiple myeloma. During antibody synthesis a small excess of light chains are produced and are excreted. Hypergammaglobulinemic states such as rheumatoid ahritis and chronic infection are associated with the excretion of p... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ref. KDT. Page. 59
Competitive (equilibrium type –Allosteric modulator)
The drug being structurally similar competes with the normal substrate for the catalytic binding site of the enzyme
They increase the kM but the Vmax remains unchanged
Examples:
Physostigmine and neostigmine compete with acetylcholine for cholin... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
In setting of terminal renal failure, the volume overload in combination with damage to blood brain barrier leads to cerebral edema which leads to seizures. The problem will be compounded by hypeensive state that leads to increase cerebral flow and resultant worsening of cerebral edema. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
a 2 ss 2 is the most abundant Hb in adult About 2.5% of the hemoglobin is hemoglobin A2, in which b chains are replaced by d chains (a2d2) which is second most abundant Hb in adult humanRef: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology Twenty-Third Edition Page No: 522 | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. B. Water* Water is arbitrarily assigned a value of 0HUHU of different tissues of body:* Cortical Bone:+1000HU (Bright white)* Solid soft tissue: from +40 to +80HU (sometimes upto +300)* Acute hemorrhage:+45 to+65 HU* Water: 0HU (Grey)* Fat:-100HU* Lungs:-950 to-700HU* Air:-1000HU (Jet black)* In CT, bone and hemor... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
T2 N0 M0 Glottic Cancer is an early stage glottis tumor extending to supraglottis and /or subglottis and /or with impaired vocal cord mobility, with no lymph node involvement or distant metastasis. Radiotherapy alone is the standard treatment for early glottis cancer. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is indicated in locall... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Enamel margins are beveled with a FLAME SHAPED OR ROUND DIAMOND INSTRUMENT.
Bevel is prepared by creating a 45 degree angle to the internal surface and width of 0.5-2 mm depending on the size of the preparation, location of margin and esthetic requirement. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
The interstitial growth or expansion capability of cartilage, even under pressure leading to its avascularity, precluding ischemia, (cartilage nutrition is provided by perfusing tissue fluids that are not easily obstructed by load pressures), allows for directed prototype cartilage growth. The cartilage template is the... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
S.325, I.P.C
- Punishment for voluntarily causing grievous hurt: Imprisonment for a term extending to seven years and also fine | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Normal Features of Primary Dentition
1. Spacing in deciduous dentition
a) Physiological spacing
Generalized spacing is very common in deciduous teeth. These spaces are called physiological spaces or developmental spaces.
Physiological generalized spacing is common and is usual and desirable in deciduous dentition to... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
D i.e. Protein | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
C i.e. The height to which bobbin rises indicates the flow rate | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Pure morphine like opioids in general acts on Mu and K receptors. Mixed agonists-antagonists: Nalorphine Butorphanol Pentazocine Paial agonists: Buprenorphine Pure competitive opioid antagonists Naloxone Naltrexone Nalmefene Ref: K.D.T 6th Ed Page 464. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Operant conditioning is a form of learning in which responses are controlled by their consequences. The term operant conditioning for this type of learning was coined by B.F Skinner.The three basic operant conditioning techniques are reinforcement, negative reinforcement and punishment. Positive reinforcement increases... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Lipoid nephrosis (minimal change disease) shows no obvious glomerular lesion on light microscopy.
On electron microscopy, there is effacement of foot process (obliteration of foot processes) and fusion of foot processes of the glomerular epithelial cells. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans: b (Surgical) Ref:Dhingra, 3rd ed, p. 200; 4th ed, p. 153Small rhinoliths are removed through anterior nares under GA (they are broken into small pieces before removal)Large rhinoliths are removed by lateral rhinotomyRhinolithStone formation in nasal cavity due to deposits of Ca2+ /Mg2+C/FO/EU/L nasal obstruction a... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
B i.e. PDH complex | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
White epithelium | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Acne is which is multinodular in nature is treated using dofferent types of drugs one of them is isoretinoin which belongs to retinoids family.all others are antibiotics which are given as secondary tretment. Ref: kd tRipathi 8th ed. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Vasoconstriction is caused by V1 receptors whereas anti-diuresis and release of vWF from endothelium is mediated by V2 receptors of vasopressin. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. A. SevofluraneExplanationOption a: Sevoflurane with a comparative higher MAC and sweet smell. Ideal for inhalational induction. Halothane also has similar property, so it can also be used as induction agent.Option d: As MAC of Nitrous is 104, even if we use 100% nitrous patient can not be induced. Options b and c:... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes that confer resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins, cephalosporins, and the monobactam aztreonam. lmipenem(carbapenem): It is an extremely potent and broad-spectrum Beta-lactam antibiotic whose range of activity includes grampositive cocci,... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Cancer of the breast in males constitutes <1% of total cases. It tends to present at a more advanced stage in men than in women, because it is often overlooked. It may easily be confused with the more commonly occurring condition of gynecomastia. Careful clinical radiological follow-up studies are indicated. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
DiGeorge syndrome. DiGeorge syndrome is a chromosomal defect that results in developmental anomalies of the branchial (pharyngeal) pouches and organs that develop from these embryonic structures (thymus, parathyroids, and aortic arch). These children present with tetany caused by hypoparathyroidism and deficiency of ce... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Beclomethasone Inhaled steroids are o Beclomethasone o Budesonide o Flunisolide o Fluticasone o Triamcinolone o Ciclesonide | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS: CLASS IFICATION 1. Antibiotics A. Polyenes:AmphotericinB (AMB),Nystatin, Hamycin, Natamycin (Pimaricin) B. Heterocyclic benzofuran: Griseofulvin 2. Antimetabolite Flucytosine (5-FC) 3 Azofes A. lmidazoles (topical): Clotrimazole, Econazole, Miconazole, Oxiconazole (systemic): Ketoconazole B. Triazoles... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
The sinus is lined with mucoperiosteum, with cilia that beat down the ostia. This membrane is referred to as the Schneiderian membrane, which is histologically a bilaminar membrane with ciliated columnar epithelium cells on the internal side and periosteum. Paranasal sinuses are lined by the mucous membrane which is co... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
BUERGER'S DISEASE (THROMBOANGITIS OBLITERANS)
→ Segmental inflammatory disease, affecting small and medium sized arteries in upper and lower extremities.
→ Inflammatory process involves neighboring veins and nerves.
→ Definite relationship with smoking.
Histopathology
→ Sharply segmental acute and chronic vasculitis of... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
(C) Hypoestrogenism# Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist (GnRH agonist, GnRH-A) is a synthetic peptide modeled after the hypothalamic neurohormone GnRH that interacts with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor to elicit its biologic response, the release of the pituitary hormones FSH and LH.# H agonists are us... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Transamination is a reversible reaction in which a-NH2 group of one amino acid is transferred to an a-ketoacid resulting in the formation of a new amino acid and a new ketoacid.Ref: Textbook of medical biochemistry, MN Chatterji, 8th edition, page no: 474 | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
EIGHT SUGARS PREDOMINATE IN HUMAN GLYCOPROTEINS. They are as follows: Galactose Glucose Mannose N-Acetylneuraminic acid Fucose N-Acetylgalactosamine N-Acetylglucosamine and Xylose Ref: Murray R.K. (2011). Chapter 47. Glycoproteins. In D.A. Bender, K.M. Botham, P.A. Weil, P.J. Kennelly, R.K. Murray, V.W. Rodwell (Eds), ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Keratin horns should be excised fully including the base to allow the histological exclusion of an underlying squamous cell carcinoma. Cryotherapy will not provide a tissue for histology and Curettage or shave biopsy may yield insufficient depth for diagnosis. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Parathyroid carcinomas may be circumscribed lesions that are difficult to distinguish from adenomas. Cells are usually uniform and resemble normal parathyroid cells and of enclosed in a capsule. Diagnosis of carcinoma based on cytologic detail is unreliable , and invasion of surrounding tissues and metastasis are the o... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ketoconazole | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Apt testKleihauer-Betke testSource of SampleMaternal or NeonatalMaternalPrincipleAdding 1% NaOH destroys adult HbA but not fetal HbFAdding acid destroys adult HbA but not fetalHbFAssessment TypeQualitativeQuantitativeResultPositive means blood is of fetal originRepoed in estimated milliliters of fetal bloodNote:When fe... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans- A Labetalol Old guidelines: Methyl dopa New guidelines: PIH: Oral Labetalol Htn emerg: IV Labetalol HYPERTENSION Definition: Sustained elevation of blood pressure causing cardiovascular mortality. Regulation of BP: 1. Baroreceptors: regulate short term, movement to movement control of Blood pressure 2. RAAS System... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'c' i.e., 6 months o Primary dentition begins to show teeth eruption at 6 month of age which to lower central incisor while calcification started at 3 month of age and crown completed at 4 month of age.o Permanent teeth1st molar = 6-7 yearsCentral and lateral incisor =6-8 yearsCannine and premolar = 9-12 years2... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Principles for management of UTI during pregnancy:
Single dose therapy is preferred
The antimicrobial agent should be appropriate to the mother and fetus, any one of the following drugs could be prescribed:
– Ampicillin
– Nitrofurantoin – DOC for prophylaxis of recurrent UTI in pregnancy
– Cephalexin Cephalosporin
– ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
The most common isolates in acute sinusitis infections are S.pneumoniae,H.influenza,and M.catarrhalis.these same bacteria are implicated in chronic sinusitis as are S.aureus , anarobes and occasionally fungi. Croup caused by respiratory syncytial virus,parainfluenza types 1,2,3, inflenza virus,adeno virus and rhino vir... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Answer- C. IntussuceptionInitially the Passage of stools may be normal while later on blood mixed with mucus is evacuated - red current jelly stoolAn abdominal mass may be palpated - a sausage shaped mass, which may increase in size and firmness during the paroxysms of pain.There may be an associated feeling of emptine... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Massive blood transfusion results in
Metabolic acidosis( lactate from RBCs, citric acid as anticoagulant)
Hyperkalemia( stored blood K+ reaches 30mmol/L after 3 weeks)
Hypothermia (as stored blood is kept at 4°C)
Decreased ionized calcium( due to citrate binding to calcium). | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Tip of nose and lower part of dorsum of nose are supplied by external nasal branch of ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Factor IX Cryoprecipitate It is used to substitute factor VIII Storage conditions:? - Produced by freezing fresh plasma to under -65degc then allowing it to thaw for 18 hours at 4'c. After centrifugation cryoprecipitable proteins are separated may be stored at under -180c for upto 1 year. Composition and transfustion c... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Actually the answer of this question should be none as isolated unilateral vocal cord paralysis does not usually require any treatment.
However, if consider unilateral vocal cord paralysis as a part of combined unilateral palsy (combined RLN and SLN paralysis), then option 'a & e' are correct.
Treatment of unilateral ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Gas Index Pins Oxygen 2,5 Nitrous oxide 3,5 Cyclopropane 3,6 O2-CO2 (CO2<7.5%) 2,6 O2-CO2(CO2>7.5%) 1,6 O2-he(He>80.5%) 4,6 O2-he(He<80.5%) 2,4 Air 1,5 Nitrogen 1,4 N2O-O 7 | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
FIGO Surgical Staging of Carcinoma of the Corpus Uteri: Stage I Stage Ia - Tumor limited to endometrium Stage Ib - Invasion to less than one-half the myometrium Stage Ic - Invasion to more than one-half the myometrium Stage II Stage IIa - Endocervical glandular involvement only Stage IIb - Cervical stromal invasion Sta... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
This is a case of ergot poisoning usually as a result of eating contaminated rye bread. The burning sensation described is also called St. Anthony's fire. Due to the effect of the alkaloids ergotoxine, ergotamine, ergometrine and about 30 alkaloids present in the fungi, all the symptoms described in the question may be... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
None | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
279. Ans: a (Post operative analgesia) Ref: Ajay Yadav, p. 124Continuous epidural anesthesia is used for post operative analgesiaEpidural anaesthesia or extradural anaesthesia or peridural blockIndications* Mainly used for controlling post operative pain * All surgeries which can be performed under spinal anaesthesia p... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
ANSWER: (B) Ascending limbREF: Goodman Gillman pharmacology 11th ed page 482See APPENDIX-14 below for "RENAL PHYSIOLOGY"Loop diuretics inhibit the activity of the Na+-- K+--2C1- symporter in the TAL (thick ascending limb) of the loop of Henle, hence, their designation as loop diuretics.DIURETICSITE OF ACTIONMECHANISM O... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
After bih, the proximal pas of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis Longus FPL muscles were likely replaced by collagenous tissues, providing a specific type of intermuscular septum i.e., the oblique cord. Reference: Vishram Singh Anatomy; 2nd edition; Page no: 134 | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Lacrimation is present in light planes (1 & 2) of stage III and absent in deeper planes (3 & 4) of stage III. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Venous thrombosis, recurrent abortions and pulmonary hypertension are all seen in case of antiphospholipid syndrome. Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome leads to thrombocytopenia (in 40-50% cases) and hemolytic anemia in 25% cases but leucopenia is not seen in it. Also in causes of pancytopenia - No where is antiphospho... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Amoxapine Amoxapine is the only antidepressant which blocks D2 receptors along with inhibition of NA reuptake - has mixed antidepressant + neurolepic propey. Due to blockade of D, receptors it causes extrapyramidal side effects -4 Parkinsonism, Tardive dyskinesia, Akathesia, neuropeptic malignant synd... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Measles * Warthin-Finkeldey cell is a type of giant multinucleate cell found in hyperplastic lymph nodes early in the course of measles. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
- cereal protein are deficient in lysine and threonine and pulse protein in methionine. - these are known as limiting aminoacid. - when two or more of vegetarian foods are eaten together, their protein supplement one another. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:610 <\p> | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Mast cells Type I hypersensitivity (Immediate hypersensitivity) . It is a rapidly developing immunological reaction occuring within minutes after the combination of an antigen with antibody bound to mast cells in individuals previously sensitized to the antigen. . Immediate hypersensitivity reactions ... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Ans) c (Cigerette cessation is....) Ref bailey 25th ed p 923-924Thrombo angitis obliterens/ Beurger's diseaseCharacterised by occlusive disease of the small and medium sized arteries (plantar, tibial, radial etc), thrombophlebitis of the superficial or deep veins and Raynaud's syndrome.Occurs in male smokers usually un... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Small cell carcinomas are central or hilar in location and are highly associated with superior vena caval syndrome and paraneoplastic syndrome. Ref:Harsh Mohan-Pathology-6th edition,page no:500. | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz procedure It's a suprapubic operation in which the paraurethral tissue at the level of bladder neck is sutured to the periosteum or perichondrium of the posterior aspect of the pubic symphysis Procedure elevates bladder neck but doesn't correct cystocele Complicaion: Osteitis pubis; Seen in 2-... | openlifescienceai/medmcqa |
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