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1,181,968 | McWilliams had stated on multiple occasions in the 1990s that the circumstances were in place to create a housing bubble in Ireland, and had predicted a massive crash in the early 2000s which did not happen at that time; after Ireland recovered from the economic shock of 9/11 and the foot and mouth crisis, and his pred... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1706697 | 1,181,343 |
1,799,275 | Wiley Post became famous after his record setting trip around the world on June 23, 1931. In his aircraft, a Lockheed Vega nicknamed “Winnie Mae,” he managed to travel around the world in eight days 15 hours and 51 minutes. He accomplished this with the help of Harold Gatty, who served as his navigator and copilot. Two... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33956539 | 1,798,266 |
982,944 | Big Bang nucleosynthesis occurred within the first three minutes of the beginning of the universe and is responsible for much of the abundance of (protium), (D, deuterium), (helium-3), and (helium-4). Although continues to be produced by stellar fusion and alpha decays and trace amounts of continue to be produced by sp... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48903 | 982,431 |
1,168,994 | Access to education and employment are key elements in achieving gender equality in health. Female literacy rates in the Eastern Mediterranean were found by the WHO to fall sharply behind their male counterparts, as evident in the cases of Yemen (66:100) and Djibouti (62:100.) Further barriers other than the prioritiza... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38846583 | 1,168,376 |
1,492,840 | In 1978, the Astronomy Department of Case Western Reserve University made a deal with the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) to build a new observatory at Kitt Peak National Observatory to house the Burrell Schmidt. The telescope was moved from Ohio to Arizona in May 1979, and in 1980 the 36-i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3221143 | 1,492,001 |
1,972,103 | Born on 7 December 1968 in Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal, S. K. Pati did his graduate studies in chemistry at Midnapore College of the Vidyasagar University and passed a master's degree from Kalyani University. Subsequently, he moved to Bengaluru to pursue his doctoral studies at Solid S... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=52483300 | 1,970,969 |
1,559,739 | The plastid genome, or plastome, has been used extensively in identification and evolutionary studies using genome skimming due to its high abundance within plants (~3-5% of cell DNA), small size, simple structure, greater conservation of gene structure than nuclear or mitochondrial genes. Plastids studies have previou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63210668 | 1,558,853 |
1,501,890 | The virus was isolated from seawater samples collected from the Gulf of Mexico during 1989 to 1991, on a flagellate host that was misidentified as belonging to the genus "Bodo"; hence the original designation of the virus as BV-PW1. The virus was shown to be about 300 nm in diameter and have a complex internal structur... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=29359098 | 1,501,044 |
2,093,145 | In samples taken from the Sardinian Channel, Polychaeta and Crustacea made up around 40% and 36% of the total stomach contents respectively. Sand was also found in the stomachs of all samples which alludes to further evidence of their hunting behavior taking place in epibenthic zones. A detailed analysis feeding of rel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60066105 | 2,091,940 |
941,382 | Power is supplied by a three phase system, where each phase is 120 degrees apart. This is done for two reasons: mainly because three-phase generators and motors are simpler to construct due to constant torque developed across the three phase phases; and secondly, if the three phases are balanced, they sum to zero, and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19196354 | 940,880 |
1,619,763 | Therapeutic misconception is detrimental to a subject’s understanding of a study, which is crucial for an autonomous decision. Certain factors can increase the risk of therapeutic misconception, such as studies that are similar to clinical care in terms of research design or when subjects have a limited scope of availa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15381320 | 1,618,848 |
1,047,184 | In 1996, an irradiation unit (Gantry 1) was equipped for the first time to use the so-called spot-scanning proton technique developed at PSI. With this technique, tumours deep inside the body are scanned three-dimensionally with a proton beam about 5 to 7 mm in width. By superimposing many individual proton spots – abo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1053016 | 1,046,639 |
11,386 | The neutron bomb purportedly conceived by Sam Cohen is a thermonuclear weapon that yields a relatively small explosion but a relatively large amount of neutron radiation. Such a weapon could, according to tacticians, be used to cause massive biological casualties while leaving inanimate infrastructure mostly intact and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21785 | 11,381 |
364,242 | Tree rings are records of the influence of environmental conditions, their anatomical characteristics record growth rate changes produced by these changing conditions. The microscopic structure of conifer wood consists of two types of cells: parenchyma, which have an oval or polyhedral shape with approximately identica... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=68085 | 364,052 |
1,849,560 | If the processes involved in forming new tissue can be reverse-engineered into humans, it may be possible to heal injuries of the spinal cord or brain, repair damaged organs and reduce scarring and fibrosis after surgery. Despite the large conservation of the Hox genes through evolution, mammals and humans specifically... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46335535 | 1,848,502 |
356,027 | Yogic Flying, a mental-physical exercise of hopping while cross-legged, is a central aspect of the TM-Sidhi program. With the introduction of the TM-Sidhi program in 1976, it was postulated that a group of people practising the TM-Sidhi program twice a day, together in one place, would increase "life-supporting trends"... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28677895 | 355,844 |
1,416,977 | Heavy rainfall was associated with the system, but the precipitation was generally beneficial due to dry conditions. The storm spawned nine tornadoes in Florida, with one in Hillsborough County destroying 6 mobile homes and damaging 40 others; demolishing 6 large chicken houses; and severely damaging a paint plant in H... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=791513 | 1,416,179 |
437,420 | Rhenium is one of the rarest elements in Earth's crust with an average concentration of 1 ppb; other sources quote the number of 0.5 ppb making it the 77th most abundant element in Earth's crust. Rhenium is probably not found free in nature (its possible natural occurrence is uncertain), but occurs in amounts up to 0.2... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=483861 | 437,206 |
315,517 | Rhenium is one of the rarest elements in Earth's crust with an average concentration of 1 ppb; other sources quote the number of 0.5 ppb making it the 77th most abundant element in Earth's crust. Rhenium is probably not found free in nature (its possible natural occurrence is uncertain), but occurs in amounts up to 0.2... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=25603 | 315,348 |
1,971,655 | In the early 20th century, famous Dutch microbiologist Martinus Beijerinck isolated a microorganism that he named "Planosarcina ureae". In an effort to isolate bacteria from urea-containing soil enrichments, he repeatedly came across a motile coccus that clustered in packets and had the ability to form endospores. The ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=43062551 | 1,970,521 |
1,775,622 | "Cappellini" (pennant number CL) was launched 14 May 1939 as the first boat of the "improved "Marcello" class". After an unsuccessful war patrol in the Mediterranean, "Cappellini" sailed on 29 September 1940 and passed the Strait of Gibraltar on 5 October for an Atlantic patrol to Bordeaux on 5 November. "Cappellini" s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9995443 | 1,774,625 |
1,992,726 | In 1833, an English scientist Charles Wheatstone, discovered that because human eyes are not exactly the same distance apart, objects viewed through eyes are not the same, thus creating an illusion of depth. Five years later, according to what he discovered, he invented the stereoscope. The stereoscope is a binocular d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23364842 | 1,991,583 |
1,270,342 | Exos Aerospace is focused on suborbital research rockets with an intent of initially launching micro satellites and eventually progressing to autonomous spaceflight. Exos Aerospace is developing the SARGE family for its suborbital vehicles. All research and development is based at the new manufacturing facility in Gree... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48475148 | 1,269,651 |
71,587 | The four bomb bays could carry up to of bombs, more than 10 times the load carried by the World War II workhorse, the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, and substantially more than the entire B-17's gross weight. The B-36 was not designed with nuclear weaponry in mind, because the mere existence of such weapons was top secre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=385077 | 71,560 |
1,964,480 | Three-photon microscopy has similar application fields with two-photon excitation microscopy including neuroscience, and oncology. However, compared to standard single-photon or two-photon excitation, three-photon excitation has several benefits such as the use of longer wavelengths reduces the effects of light scatter... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59263836 | 1,963,352 |
2,002,495 | Wilkins dedicated his work to "His Highness the Prince Elector Palatine" (Charles I Louis) who was in London at the time. It is divided into two books, one headed "Archimedes", "because he was the chiefest in discovering of Mechanical powers", the other was called "Daedalus" because he "was one of the first and most fa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=34749877 | 2,001,347 |
612,797 | Although Isaac Newton based his physics on absolute time and space, he also adhered to the principle of relativity of Galileo Galilei restating it precisely for mechanical systems. This can be stated as: as far as the laws of mechanics are concerned, all observers in inertial motion are equally privileged, and no prefe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1790788 | 612,486 |
464,298 | Water from lunar sources, Near Earth Asteroids or Martian moons is thought to be relatively cheap and simple to extract, and gives adequate performance for many manufacturing and material shipping purposes. Separation of water into hydrogen and oxygen can be easily performed in small scale, but some scientists believe ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1780366 | 464,068 |
976,589 | In computer security, a sandbox is a security mechanism for separating running programs, usually in an effort to mitigate system failures and/or software vulnerabilities from spreading. The isolation metaphor is taken from the idea of children who do not play well together, so each is given their own sandbox to play in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1291932 | 976,078 |
1,941,051 | Afghan scientists produced just 1.4 publications per million inhabitants in 2014, according to Thomson Reuters' Web of Science (Science Citation Index Expanded), the lowest ratio in South Asia. The world average was 176 per million. However, the number of Afghan articles catalogued in this international database increa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=53055064 | 1,939,940 |
361,368 | The origin of the Defenders lies in two crossover story arcs by Roy Thomas prior to the official founding of the team. The first, in "Doctor Strange" #183 (November 1969), "Sub-Mariner" #22 (February 1970), and "The Incredible Hulk" #126 (April 1970) occurred due to the "Dr. Strange" series being canceled in the middle... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=708371 | 361,178 |
2,006,604 | A solution of 15 g TOPO and 5 mL TOP is heated to 150 °C overnight under nitrogen, removing any water that may be present in the original TOP solution. This initial TOP solution is vacuum distilled at 0.75 torr, taking the fraction from 204 °C to 235 °C. A TOPSe solution (12.5 mL TOP with 1.579 g TOPSe) is then added a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19390984 | 2,005,455 |
2,092,448 | The ability to collect photometric data over a long period is vulnerable to weather conditions, the need to allocate time for each telescope, and the situation of each participating astronomer. It was recognized that satellites could accomplish the same task with fewer issues, but at a far higher cost. The MOST spacecr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=71233053 | 2,091,243 |
700,700 | This argument was "first offered in a more or less fully explicit form in Berkeley (1713)." It is also referred to as the problem of conflicting appearances (e.g. Myles Burnyeat's article "Conflicting Appearances"). It has been argued that "informed commonsense" indicates that perceptions often depend on organs of perc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=613052 | 700,335 |
1,805,975 | Techniques for improving perceived performance may include more than just decreasing the delay between the user's request and visual feedback. Sometimes an increase in delay can be perceived as a performance improvement, such as when a variable controlled by the user is set to a running average of the users input. This... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5732146 | 1,804,958 |
1,553,254 | The climate became more humid later in Triassic time. Slow-moving, southwestward flowing braided streams laid down thin-bedded layers of sand, silt, mud and cobbles in channels, across low flood plains and in lakes. Fossilized footprints of dinosaurs and the crocodile-like tritylodonts can be found in this 350 foot (10... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1114005 | 1,552,373 |
220,298 | Attacks can be classified based on what type of information the attacker has available. As a basic starting point it is normally assumed that, for the purposes of analysis, the general algorithm is known; this is Shannon's Maxim "the enemy knows the system" – in its turn, equivalent to Kerckhoffs' principle. This is a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5715 | 220,189 |
1,019,955 | Despite some similarities to A Levels in that students choose to specialize in certain subjects, AP testing does not follow the national education curriculum of United Kingdom, nor is it used as the exams for that curriculum. In that system, AS and A levels (or equivalents) are used in order to gain entry into universi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5366688 | 1,019,428 |
704,230 | There are also risks and negative impacts on society because of the renewable energy transition that need to be mitigated. The coal mining industry plays a large part in the existing energy portfolio and is one of the biggest targets for climate change activists due to the intense pollution and habitat disruption that ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39208945 | 703,862 |
862,060 | Due to its great chemical and mechanical robustness, c-BN has widespread application as an abrasive, such as on cutting tools and scratch resistant surfaces. Cubic boron nitride is also highly transparent to X-rays. This, along with its high strength, makes it possible to have very thin coatings of c-BN on structures t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1196186 | 861,601 |
1,935,449 | DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure, such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Ba... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14755082 | 1,934,341 |
53,698 | The very advantage of the 300 BLK (its similarity to the popular .223/5.56 caliber) can also be a safety issue if ammunition of the two calibers is mixed. Because of similar chamber dimensions between the two calibers, SAAMI has listed the combination of using a 300 BLK round in a .223 chamber as unsafe. Since the bull... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28997320 | 53,678 |
1,061,979 | Solomon Halbert Snyder (born December 26, 1938) is an American neuroscientist who has made wide-ranging contributions to neuropharmacology and neurochemistry. He studied at Georgetown University, and has conducted the majority of his research at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. Many advances in molecular neuroscie... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2977271 | 1,061,425 |
103,570 | During winter (May through August), the South Pole receives no sunlight at all, and is completely dark apart from moonlight. In summer (November through February), the sun is continuously above the horizon and appears to move in a counter-clockwise circle. However, it is always low in the sky, reaching a maximum of 23.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20611127 | 103,525 |
336,651 | In 2004, the consumer interest organization Public Citizen filed a Citizen's Petition with the FDA, asking that Crestor be withdrawn from the US market. On 11 March 2005, the FDA issued a letter to Sidney M. Wolfe of Public Citizen both denying the petition and providing an extensive detailed analysis of findings that ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=636587 | 336,472 |
1,482,328 | These cells are typically seen in conditions such as chronic liver disease, where hyperammonemia occurs. This is due to the presence of the enzyme glutamine synthetase, which is able to detoxify ammonia through the amidation of glutamate, producing glutamine in the process. Swelling occurs in these astrocytes due to th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18704809 | 1,481,493 |
1,346,867 | Most recent guidelines have recommended that the decision whether or not to screen should be based on shared decision-making, so that men are informed of the risks and benefits of screening. In 2012, the American Society of Clinical Oncology recommends screening be discouraged for those who are expected to live less th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3346770 | 1,346,126 |
799,347 | In 2018, the tomb of two high-status Egyptians, Nakht-Ankh and Khnum-Nakht was discovered by Sir William Flinders Petrie and Ernest Mackay in 1907. Nakht-Ankh and Khnum-Nakht lived during the 12th Dynasty (1985–1773 BCE) in Middle Egypt and were aged 20 years apart. Their tomb was completely undisturbed prior to its ex... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16696142 | 798,922 |
1,127,322 | The first NPR was ordered by Department of Defense (DoD) Secretary Les Aspin, to create a document that comprehensively provides an overview of the United States' nuclear deterrent capabilities in 1993. The document was inspired by the Bottom-Up Review that was also performed by the DoD. The general theme for the first... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1834815 | 1,126,745 |
2,126,946 | The Student Association at ISEC was created in 1979 and aims to provide a unified voice for ISEC students, as well as general information, culture, sports and leisure. Since their founding, they have grown as one of the most valued Associations on a national scale in what regards its educational policies. They are dedi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2678033 | 2,125,725 |
1,162,886 | In mid 1956, The Egyptian President Gamal Abdul Nasser, encouraged by support from the Soviet Union, nationalized the Suez Canal. In response, United Kingdom and France planned Operation Musketeer (1956) aiming at regaining Western control of the Suez Canal and removing the Egyptian president Nasser. In late 1956, the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=336214 | 1,162,269 |
1,517,491 | Due to their nanoscale dimensions, electron transport in carbon nanotubes will take place through quantum effects and will only propagate along the axis of the tube. These electrical and structural properties best serve CNTs as far as biosensing is concerned because current changes in the CNTs can signify specific biol... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22444556 | 1,516,639 |
768,075 | Taking a similar approach, a unique global study of 1,409 children undergoing emergency laparotomy from 253 centres in 43 countries showed that adjusted mortality in children following surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 exces... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=337836 | 767,663 |
1,401,003 | In 2017, at the request of several member states of the European Space Agency, the latter resumed the studies of a replacement for AIM that was named "Hera" (named after the Greek goddess of marriage Hera). "Hera" must fulfill all the objectives assigned to AIM, but in the meantime optimizing all the components of the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=70249947 | 1,400,216 |
1,337,120 | The library has a rich collection of text and reference books related to engineering, management, and science. It has more than 70,000 volumes with educational videos and CDs covering various subjects and subscriptions of more than 100 national and international journals. The library provides open access system facilit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11743200 | 1,336,389 |
1,841,387 | Bryan Edward Kolb was born in 1947 in Calgary, Canada. Kolb's father Jack Kolb was actively pursuing success in the Calgary's burgeoning oil industry in the 1950s, and his mother Virginia was a professional dancer turned stay-at-home mother. From a very early age Bryan gravitated to precision measurements. In school he... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=54968489 | 1,840,335 |
2,160,984 | After Sino-Soviet split, China realized its navy, PLAN, was no match for the Soviet navy, and in the event of Soviet invasion, PLAN has to withdraw to coastal waters and even inland waterways to fight a guerrilla warfare against the much stronger opponent, so smaller submarines such as mini or midget subs are much more... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48602435 | 2,159,751 |
1,566,789 | In operational association with Junkers aviation, on 1 June 1921 the Geneva-Zürich route to Fuerth (in September 1922 extended to Berlin) was established with four Junkers F.13, and Ad Astra became the first airline of Switzerland to maintain regular international flights. On behalf of Junkers, scheduled flights to Ber... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26317883 | 1,565,902 |
324,922 | The inland taipan is dark tan, ranging from a rich, dark hue to a brownish light-green, depending on season. Its back, sides and tail may be different shades of brown and grey, with many scales having a wide blackish edge. These dark-marked scales occur in diagonal rows so that the marks align to form broken chevrons o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1687186 | 324,749 |
869,928 | 1909 saw radial engine forms rise to significance. The Anzani 3-cylinder semi-radial or fan engine of 1909 (also built in a true, 120° cylinder angle radial form) developed only but was much lighter than the Antoinette, and was chosen by Louis Blériot for his cross-Channel flight. More radical was the Seguin brothers' ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1607990 | 869,468 |
2,118,121 | Crandall studies the computational biology, population genetics, and bioinformatics of a variety of organisms, from crustaceans to agents of infectious diseases. His lab also focuses on the development and testing of methods for DNA sequence analysis, including leading methods in phylogenetics and microbiome research. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60918543 | 2,116,903 |
437,730 | Dr. Sameera Moussa was the first assistant professor at the school of Sciences at Cairo University and more impressively the first woman at the university to obtain a university post due to her groundbreaking PhD in atomic radiation from the 1940s. Inspired by the contribution of earlier Muslim scientists, including he... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1514861 | 437,516 |
1,077,997 | Melatonin serves a variety of functions throughout the body. While its role in sleep promotion is its most well known, melatonin has its hands in a wide range of biological processes. In addition to sleep promotion, melatonin also regulates hormone secretion, rhythms in reproductive activity, immune functionality, and ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8258942 | 1,077,442 |
983,590 | For a given machining operation, the cutting speed will remain constant for most situations; therefore the spindle speed will also remain constant. However, facing, forming, parting off, and recess operations on a lathe or screw machine involve the machining of a constantly changing diameter. Ideally, this means changi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1527151 | 983,076 |
1,751,744 | There is a relation between both the concepts that should be considered in depth: reputation is a concept that helps to build trust on others. Nowadays, game theory is the predominant paradigm considered to design computational trust and reputation models. In all likelihood, this theory is taken into account because a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18715559 | 1,750,758 |
1,801,225 | A key milestone of Sweden's space activities was its first satellite, named Viking. Work on Viking commenced in January 1978 and benefitted greatly from substantial increases to Sweden's space budget during the early 1980s. While initially intended as a collaborative effort with the Soviet Union, plans to use a Soviet ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=590274 | 1,800,216 |
1,621,550 | Throughout her career, Jones received many awards and honors for both her professional and volunteer work, including honorary doctorates from Missouri Valley College (1988), Mary Holmes College (1989), Lindenwood College (1991), and Knoxville College (1992). Memorial Hospital Southeast renamed its ambulatory center in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=48917069 | 1,620,635 |
2,000,577 | The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), immediately moved to aid in the reconstruction and rehabilitation of various Afghan cultural heritage sites after the Taliban lost control in 2001. One of UNESCO’s most famous projects in Afghanistan was the safeguard and rehabilitation of T... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24812878 | 1,999,432 |
2,166,773 | Thomas discovered that the UV absorption of native DNA is far lower than expected from a "theoretical" spectrum built from the extinction coefficients of its component nucleotides. This gap disappears after mild treatments such as lower or higher pH, higher temperature, or lower ionic strength, especially lower concent... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8368504 | 2,165,536 |
1,104,543 | The more conservative elements in Congress now moved to toughen the act. Section 10, which was formerly titled "Dissemination of Information", now became "Control of Information". This new section contained the novel doctrine later described as "born secret" or "classified at birth". All information concerning the desi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1791503 | 1,103,980 |
346,711 | Thirty-eight percent of the 1,044 were found in the ash fall deposits, the majority inside buildings. This differs from modern experience over the last 400 years when ashfalls have killed only around 4% of victims during explosive eruptions. This cohort was possibly sheltering in buildings when they were overcome. The ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30752226 | 346,530 |
201,430 | More sophisticated techniques will show proportional differences in optical density. Phase contrast is a widely used technique that shows differences in refractive index as difference in contrast. It was developed by the Dutch physicist Frits Zernike in the 1930s (for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1953). The ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19567 | 201,327 |
1,520,199 | At optical frequencies the electromagnetic analogs to quantum tunneling involve wave propagation in photonic bandgap structures and frustrated total internal reflection at the interface between two prisms in close contact. Spielmann, et al. sent 12 fs (FWHM) laser pulses through the stop band of a multilayer dielectric... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12908018 | 1,519,338 |
423,541 | While the basic setup is simple relative to many other deposition techniques, the physical phenomena of laser-target interaction and film growth are quite complex (see Process below). When the laser pulse is absorbed by the target, energy is first converted to electronic excitation and then into thermal, chemical and m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=710045 | 423,334 |
650,243 | One or both partners may be aware of other family members with these diseases. Testing prior to conception may alleviate concern, prepare the couple for the potential short- or long-term consequences of having a child with the disease, direct the couple toward adoption or foster parenting, or prompt for preimplantation... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=647286 | 649,902 |
1,725,756 | Responses to the temporal-envelope cues of speech or other complex sounds persist up the auditory pathway, eventually to the various fields of the auditory cortex in many animals. In the Primary Auditory Cortex, responses can encode AM rates by phase-locking up to about 20–30 Hz, while faster rates induce sustained and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56439577 | 1,724,785 |
888,596 | During the 19th century, Britain, France, and Germany were at the forefront of new ideas in science and mathematics. But if the United States lagged behind in the formulation of theory, it excelled in using theory to solve problems: applied science. This tradition had been born of necessity. Because Americans lived so ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=199804 | 888,128 |
1,656,355 | Also in their November 2015 paper, Alkim, Ducas, Pöppelmann and Schwabe recommend that the choice of the base polynomial for the key exchange ( a(x) above ) be either generated randomly from a secure random number generator for each exchange or created in a verifiable fashion using a "nothing up my sleeve" or NUMS tech... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46733414 | 1,655,422 |
408,305 | Life sciences (about 30% of the dollar output of the chemistry business) include differentiated chemical and biological substances, pharmaceuticals, diagnostics, animal health products, vitamins, and pesticides. While much smaller in volume than other chemical sectors, their products tend to have high prices - over ten... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=58721 | 408,104 |
434,034 | Compound expansion, or compound, articulated steam engines like Anatole Mallet's original idea, consist of two sets of unequally sized cylinders. The smaller pair of cylinders near the cab was fed with high pressure steam directly from the boiler and then the steam was passed into a pair of low-pressure cylinders at th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1124022 | 433,820 |
633,111 | The interplay between agency and neurotechnology can have implications for moral responsibility and legal liability. As with identity, devices aimed at treating some psychiatric conditions like depression or anorexia may work by modulating neural function linked with desire or motivation, potentially compromising the u... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=987320 | 632,773 |
36,720 | In the Soviet Union, early development was focused on missiles able to attack European targets. That changed in 1953, when Sergei Korolyov was directed to start development of a true ICBM able to deliver newly developed hydrogen bombs. Given steady funding throughout, the R-7 developed with some speed. The first launch... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14939 | 36,708 |
1,863,653 | Ronalds introduced several new ideas, however, in Chapter I. His experiments and observations led him to describe and illustrate the trout's "Window" of vision, a concept an understanding of which is still essential today. Vincent Marinaro, in his classic work "In the Ring of the Rise" (1976), credits Ronalds with disc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=32159949 | 1,862,581 |
295,622 | The primary function of the long, assumed female, type A appendages was likely to take up spermatophore from the substrate into the reproductive tract rather than to serve as an ovipositor, as arthropod ovipositors are generally longer than eurypterid type A appendages. By rotating the sides of the operculum, it would ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=765459 | 295,462 |
2,111,220 | Schellman was born in 1957 in Hennepin, Minnesota, the daughter of two chemists. Her father, John Anthony Schellman, who trained at Princeton, was a professor of chemistry and biochemistry at the University of Oregon; he was an early member of the "groundbreaking Institute of Molecular Biology" and a member of the Nati... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51150312 | 2,110,005 |
2,164,593 | "Having labored now twenty years, the best ones of my life, in dispensing at retail, as the saying goes, at the demand of everyone, that little talent in my profession that God and my own efforts have given me, my desires would truly be to obtain enough leisure and quiet as would enable me before I die to complete thre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=26849705 | 2,163,356 |
2,086,446 | A necessary step for improving space radiation cancer risk assessment is to perform studies on the molecular pathways that can cause cancer initiation and progression, and to extend these studies to learn how such pathways can be disrupted by HZE ions, including both genetic and epigenetic modifications that are noted ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=36255817 | 2,085,244 |
783 | In late 2006, Hawking revealed in a BBC interview that one of his greatest unfulfilled desires was to travel to space; on hearing this, Richard Branson offered a free flight into space with Virgin Galactic, which Hawking immediately accepted. Besides personal ambition, he was motivated by the desire to increase public ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=19376148 | 783 |
390,577 | The laser broom uses a ground-based laser to ablate the front of the debris, producing a rocket-like thrust that slows the object. With continued application, the debris would fall enough to be influenced by atmospheric drag. During the late 1990s, the U.S. Air Force's Project Orion was a laser-broom design. Although a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=266344 | 390,382 |
30,940 | Species close to the last common ancestor of gorillas, chimpanzees and humans may be represented by "Nakalipithecus" fossils found in Kenya and "Ouranopithecus" found in Greece. Molecular evidence suggests that between 8 and 4 million years ago, first the gorillas, and then the chimpanzees (genus "Pan") split off from ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10326 | 30,930 |
370,629 | In the Middle Ages, kings and queens ruled over large areas of land. Loyal noblemen maintained large sections of the monarch's territory. This hierarchical organization in which people were divided into classes based on social position and wealth became known as the feudal system. In the feudal system, vassals and serf... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1993994 | 370,435 |
1,992,649 | Further evidence to corroborate hemangioblasts come from the expression of various genes such as CD34 and Tie2 by both lineages. The fact that this expression was seen in both EC and HPC lineages led researchers to propose a common origin. However, endothelial markers like Flk1/VEGFR-2 are exclusive to ECs but stop HPC... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4718706 | 1,991,506 |
1,251,270 | Metoposaurus meaning "front lizard" is an extinct genus of stereospondyl temnospondyl amphibian, known from the Late Triassic of Germany, Italy, Poland, and Portugal. This mostly aquatic animal possessed small, weak limbs, sharp teeth, and a large, flat head. This highly flattened creature mainly fed on fish, which it ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5749367 | 1,250,592 |
1,271,012 | There seem "prima facie" to be irreducible purpose-based (or teleological) explanations of some natural phenomena. For instance, the movement of a writer's fingers on the keyboard and a reader's eyes across the screen is irreducibly explained in reference to the "goal" of writing an intelligible sentence or of learning... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4003963 | 1,270,321 |
1,988,143 | The Nuclear industry (as distinct from the uranium industry) in Canada dates back to 1942 when a joint British-Canadian laboratory was set up in Montreal, Quebec, under the administration of the National Research Council of Canada, to develop a design for a heavy-water nuclear reactor. This reactor was called National ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24166718 | 1,987,001 |
1,070,323 | It is still not entirely clear how the strand exchange occurs after the DNA has been cleaved. However, it has been shown that the strands are exchanged while covalently linked to the protein, with a resulting net rotation of 180°. The most quoted (but not the only) model accounting for these facts is the "subunit rotat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10095073 | 1,069,769 |
393,935 | At the European Space Agency (ESA) technology center ESTEC (in Noordwijk, the Netherlands) an 8-meter diameter centrifuge is used to expose samples in both fields of Life Sciences as well as Physical Sciences. This Large Diameter Centrifuge (LDC) began operation in 2007. Samples can be exposed to a maximum of 20 times ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=106284 | 393,740 |
2,198,776 | Polystyrene nanoparticle composites have also been the focus of literature due to their adaptability. Composites are useful since the properties for the constituent materials can be combined in a way that is unlike the original components. This is extremely relevant in drug delivery applications to fine tune specific p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=70690897 | 2,197,524 |
616,838 | The Germans used specially-trained stormtroopers to great effect in 1918, during Operation Michael, breaching the Allied trench lines and allowing supporting infantry to pour through a wide breach in the front lines. Even though most of the German forces were on foot, they were soon threatening Paris. Only timely and s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2909541 | 616,524 |
327,234 | Computers use two-value Boolean circuits for the above reasons. The most common computer architectures use ordered sequences of Boolean values, called bits, of 32 or 64 values, e.g. 01101000110101100101010101001011. When programming in machine code, assembly language, and certain other programming languages, programmer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=54476844 | 327,060 |
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