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318,455 | In October 1942, the Ordnance Department tested mounting the experimental 90 mm gun T7 into the turret of an M10 tank destroyer. General Andrew Bruce, head of the Tank Destroyer Force, objected to the project, favoring the lighter Gun Motor Carriage M18 'Hellcat', but was ignored. Mounting the 90 mm gun was straightfor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=947388 | 318,284 |
1,660,251 | Equilibrium phase transitions (e.g. order/disorder), an equation of state, and the kinetics of colloidal crystallization have all been actively studied, leading to the development of several methods to control the self-assembly of the colloidal particles. Examples include colloidal epitaxy and space-based reduced-gravi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20957502 | 1,659,318 |
1,436,490 | In 1993, with 82% of enrolled students receiving financial aid, there was a high default rate on student loans and enrollment was dropping well below projections. An auditor's report had shown the college was "essentially bankrupt" and at the time was at least $3 million in debt. By the Fall of 1994, another enrollment... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4958453 | 1,435,681 |
667,892 | Examples of neutron tube ideas date as far back as the 1930s, pre-nuclear weapons era, by German scientists filing a 1938 German patent (March 1938, patent # 261,156) and obtaining a United States Patent (July 1941, USP#2,251,190); examples of present state of the art are given by developments such as the Neutristor, a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=779929 | 667,543 |
1,860,266 | The main physical processes involved in the process are: 1) evaporation of the polymer solution; 2) nucleation of water droplets; 3) condensation of water droplets; 4) growth of droplets; 5) evaporation of water; 6) solidification of polymer giving rise to the eventual micro-porous pattern. This experimental technique ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=56312430 | 1,859,198 |
76,458 | Some species reproduce exclusively by parthenogenesis (such as the bdelloid rotifers), while others can switch between sexual reproduction and parthenogenesis. This is called facultative parthenogenesis (other terms are cyclical parthenogenesis, heterogamy or heterogony). The switch between sexuality and parthenogenesi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9276466 | 76,429 |
1,571,154 | In mathematics, mirror symmetry is a conjectural relationship between certain Calabi–Yau manifolds and a constructed "mirror manifold". The conjecture allows one to relate the number of rational curves on a Calabi-Yau manifold (encoded as Gromov–Witten invariants) to integrals from a family of varieties (encoded as per... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=64540037 | 1,570,266 |
109,907 | Once Planck had discovered the empirically fitting function, he constructed a physical derivation of this law. His thinking revolved around entropy rather than being directly about temperature. Planck considered a cavity with perfectly reflective walls; inside the cavity, there are finitely many distinct but identicall... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=191123 | 109,862 |
1,044,365 | Symptomatic presentation usually occurs between 6 and 24 months of age, but the majority of cases have been documented in children less than 1 year of age. The infantile form involves multiple organ systems and is primarily characterized by hypoketotic hypoglycemia (recurring attacks of abnormally low levels of fat bre... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2525632 | 1,043,821 |
1,581,840 | "k"-mers. The time refers to the number of residues in successive appearance of particular "k"-mer. Thus the occurrence of each "k"-mer in a sequence is calculated in the form of RTD, which is then summarised using two statistical parameters mean (μ) and standard deviation (σ). Thus each sequence is represented in the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=40646055 | 1,580,950 |
1,516,737 | In the model example of hydroquinone, Warner devised a novel process of co-crystallization between HQ and a terephthalamide molecule, which yielded a product complex that was much more soluble in water than HQ alone. The applications of this process ranged from film development to more recently cosmetic dermatology. NC... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46299644 | 1,515,885 |
602,974 | The impact was greatest on revolutionary posters, lithography and multiples, dramatic and documentary film, realistic painting, grand architecture, and least in areas of domestic pottery, ceramics, exportable needlework, and the visual crafts. Sports art and politically charged revolutionary posters have been the most ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1673810 | 602,665 |
573,938 | In the past few years lithium niobate is finding applications as a kind of electrostatic tweezers, an approach known as optoelectronic tweezers as the effect requires light excitation to take place. This effect allows for fine manipulation of micrometer-scale particles with high flexibility since the tweezing action is... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3243489 | 573,644 |
1,956,015 | The molten salt of choice has been sodium carbonate (m.p 851°C), but other salts can be used. Sulfur, halogens, phosphorus and similar volatile pollutants are oxidized and retained in the melt. Most organic carbon content leaves as relatively pure CO//H/HO gas (depending on the feed conditions, whether steam or air is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24603285 | 1,954,893 |
1,463,200 | The general consensus among researchers in the field of digital therapeutics is that the discipline requires more clinical data and investigation to be fully evaluated. A variety of studies have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy and impact of behavior change techniques that utilize a digital platform, however. In... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51850608 | 1,462,377 |
242,895 | For an overview of the origins of the concept, see Joseph Cambray: "Synchronicity as emergence". It was used to denote the simultaneous occurrence of two events with no causal physical connection, but whose association evokes a meaning for the person experiencing or observing it. The often cited example of the phenomen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=448370 | 242,768 |
1,492,721 | The Socratic seminar (extended discussion) is the only path to understanding basic ideas and values. This cannot be acquired through didactic teaching or coaching. The basis of discussion cannot be textbooks, but must be works of art or text that deal with ideas and values. Adler states that our teachers are totally un... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5582413 | 1,491,882 |
571,776 | When the calutron was first operated on 2 December 1941, just days before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor brought the United States into World War II, a uranium beam intensity of 5 microamperes (μA) was received by the collector. Lawrence's hunch about the effect of the air molecules in the vacuum chamber was confi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1210990 | 571,485 |
819,751 | Part of the appeal of computational descriptions is that they are relatively easy to interpret, and thus may be seen as contributing to our understanding of particular mental processes, whereas connectionist models are in general more opaque, to the extent that they may be describable only in very general terms (such a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=263636 | 819,310 |
2,045,873 | The Herty Advanced Materials Development Center owes its origins to the Savannah Pulp and Paper Laboratory, a non-profit research and development center founded in 1932. Establishing the Savannah Pulp and Paper Laboratory was the idea of Dr. Herty, who advocated the creation of a "semi-commercial-scale" laboratory to d... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=47573728 | 2,044,692 |
1,198,340 | Alexa Irene Canady was born in Lansing, Michigan to Elizabeth Hortense (Golden) Canady and Dr. Clinton Canady, Jr. Her mother was an educator and former national president of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. She also spent years being active in civic affairs within the city of Lansing. In addition she was the first Afr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=30961849 | 1,197,699 |
1,901,834 | Graeve was the first Latina engineering professor to be hired at UC San Diego. Her research program centers on the design and processing of new materials that are fit for extreme environments, such as those experienced in outer space or in nuclear reactors. Among the materials her research group works on is a type of s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=63323878 | 1,900,744 |
1,360,846 | Most students who have taken a course in electromagnetism have encountered the Coulomb potential. It basically states that two charged particles attract or repel each other by a force which varies according to the inverse square of their separation. This is fairly unambiguous for particles at rest, but if one or the ot... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24038774 | 1,360,093 |
1,167,600 | Diarylethenes form stable molecular conduction junctions when placed between graphene electrodes at low and room temperature and act as a photo-electrical switch. By combining a photoswitch, containing various highest and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels in its open and closed geometrical conformation, into a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3754147 | 1,166,982 |
1,434,277 | Education at Supélec is multidipliscinary and typically lasts three to four years. During the first two years, students are required to take classes in science (statistics, probability, quantum mechanics...), in engineering (computer programming, signal processing...) and in social sciences (economics, foreign language... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15166823 | 1,433,473 |
1,056,452 | Single-walled carbon nanotubes can also be synthesized by a thermal plasma method, first invented in 2000 at INRS (Institut national de la recherche scientifique) in Varennes, Canada, by Olivier Smiljanic. In this method, the aim is to reproduce the conditions prevailing in the arc discharge and laser ablation approach... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=51069037 | 1,055,904 |
1,286,234 | The Italian space research program began in 1959 with the creation of the CRA ("Centro Ricerche Aerospaziali") at the University of Rome. Three years later, on 7 September 1962, the university signed a memorandum of understanding with NASA to collaborate on a space research program named "San Marco" (St. Mark). The Ita... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1411349 | 1,285,533 |
396,645 | Determining the ideal time for a person to return to work will depend on personal factors and job-related factors including the intensity of the job and the risk of falling or hitting one's head at work during recovery. After the required initial recovery period of complete rest (24–48 hours after the concussion began)... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=399231 | 396,449 |
620,385 | According to the continuum point-set model of solidity, all the points of any "X" ⊂ ℝ can be classified according to their "neighborhoods" with respect to "X" as "interior", "exterior", or "boundary" points. Assuming ℝ is endowed with the typical Euclidean metric, a neighborhood of a point "p" ∈"X" takes the form of an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=457579 | 620,070 |
2,137,621 | With 10 of their next 14 games at home, NMU saw an opportunity to make a run at their first WCHA title. After utterly dominating Ohio State in a non-conference matchup, the Wildcats swept Colorado College before taking three points on road against Minnesota–Duluth. NMU got their revenge against St. Cloud with a pair of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=62324551 | 2,136,391 |
1,900,119 | Seyfarth's adaptation of "old world standards" to suit modern taste was done in several ways. First of all, Seyfarth flooded his interiors with natural light. What made this possible in the principal rooms of the first floor were the floor-length windows, which here and elsewhere were frequently wider than what might b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=24940492 | 1,899,031 |
1,820,704 | M40 was the first product by Juniper Networks, which was released in 1998. The M40 was the first of its kind capable of scaling to meet the internet standards, which can move 40 million packets per second with a throughput rate in excess of 20 Gbit/s full-duplex. With the initial offering of m40, Juniper came up with t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21174976 | 1,819,667 |
475,754 | While the reaction can be performed using commercial sources of copper(I) such as cuprous bromide or iodide, the reaction works much better using a mixture of copper(II) (e.g. copper(II) sulfate) and a reducing agent (e.g. sodium ascorbate) to produce Cu(I) in situ. As Cu(I) is unstable in aqueous solvents, stabilizing... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1855478 | 475,517 |
1,339,589 | Most of the sand, made of 98% translucent, rounded-grain quartz, was transported from coastal sand dunes to the west, in what is now central Nevada. Today the Navajo Sandstone is a geographically widespread, pale tan to red cliff and monolith former with very obvious sand dune cross-bedding patterns (). Typically the l... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=630226 | 1,338,856 |
159,203 | In the 2020 "Atlantis Attacks" storyline, Brawn confronts Namor, who had summoned tidal waves along the coasts of the Shanghai, Seoul and Manila sectors of Pan. When Namor demands the release of the dragon, Brawn asks for some more time, arguing that immediately releasing the dragon would cause Pan's portals to collaps... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=9945333 | 159,118 |
857,395 | The earliest written record of a formal connection between Rome and Scotland is the attendance of the "King of Orkney" who was one of 11 British kings who submitted to the emperor Claudius at Colchester in AD 43 following the invasion of southern Britain three months earlier. The long distances and short period of time... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=18691820 | 856,940 |
294,473 | Telegraph lines in the past were affected by geomagnetic storms. Telegraphs used a single long wire for the data line, stretching for many miles, using the ground as the return wire and fed with DC power from a battery; this made them (together with the power lines mentioned below) susceptible to being influenced by th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=147685 | 294,314 |
379,192 | Tamoxifen is one of three drugs in an anti-angiogenetic protocol developed by Dr. Judah Folkman, a researcher at Children's Hospital at Harvard Medical School in Boston. Folkman discovered in the 1970s that angiogenesis – the growth of new blood vessels – plays a significant role in the development of cancer. Since his... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1269557 | 378,997 |
179,168 | Bone-marrow transplantation usually requires that the recipient's own bone marrow be destroyed (myeloablation). Prior to the administration of new cells (engraftment), patients may go for several weeks without appreciable numbers of white blood cells to help fight infection. This puts a patient at high risk of infectio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=575810 | 179,075 |
747,637 | In the renewable energy industry (solar and heat pumps, in particular) the conflict between daily thermal Legionella control and high temperatures, which may drop system performance, is subject to heated debate. In a paper seeking a green exemption from normal Legionellosis safety standards, Europe's top CEN solar ther... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=521801 | 747,241 |
986,169 | Simian primate brain evolution studies show that specific cortical regions associated with high-level cognition have demonstrated the greatest expansion over primate brain evolution. Sensory and motor regions have showcased limited growth. Three regions associated with complex cognition include the frontal lobe, tempor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2452832 | 985,654 |
1,870,448 | A context adaptive system typically enables the user to maintain a certain application (in different forms) while roaming between different wireless access technologies, locations, devices and even simultaneously executing everyday tasks like meetings, driving a car etc. For example a context adaptive and hence ubiquit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=730606 | 1,869,371 |
1,445,281 | The Natural Step has pioneered a "Backcasting from Principles" approach meant to advance society towards greater sustainability. Whole-systems thinking and backcasting from sustainability principles form the basis for numerous applications and tools to plan and (re-)design organisational strategy, organisational proces... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1304248 | 1,444,465 |
9,730 | Finally, fearing a possible night encounter with Japanese surface forces, and believing Yamamoto still intended to invade, based in part on a misleading contact report from the submarine , Spruance changed course and withdrew to the east, turning back west towards the enemy at midnight. For his part, Yamamoto initially... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=60112 | 9,726 |
1,145,307 | ASIEO developed the first mission computer for Light Combat Aircraft in 1991. The computer was responsible for managing the interaction between avionics, displays, sensors and weapon systems. It also developed a self-protection suite for the aircraft that included radar warning receiver, laser warning receiver, jammer,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14027140 | 1,144,706 |
1,625,731 | In the summer of 1899, San Diego Normal School became the first California normal school to offer summer courses, and maintained this position until 1913. On June 21, 1900, the first class was graduated: 23 women and three men. Later that year, the east wing of the initial building was finished, adding 18 rooms. In 190... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20079555 | 1,624,813 |
644,601 | Furthermore, the Staff of the French Army (EMAT) had high hopes in the EPC program which was to lead to the creation of the Leclerc main battle tank. Protection against modern threats being a keystone of the program. The armor research department of the AMX-APX was managed at the time by Maurice Bourgeat and his assist... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=66023394 | 644,261 |
1,885,464 | In the first experiment, two narcotics, tricaine methanesulfonate and 1-octanol, and two uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, pentachlorophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol, were used. During the second experiment, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and respiratory irritants were evaluated. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39400005 | 1,884,383 |
301,313 | One of the most obvious results of the reforms was the change in Qin's military. Previously, the army was under the control of Qin's nobles and comprised feudal levies. After Shang Yang's reforms, the aristocracy system was abolished and replaced by one based on meritocracy, in which ordinary citizens had equal opportu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=361005 | 301,152 |
154,058 | In the early years of the twentieth century, the Lebel rifle was sold in the French overseas colonies for the protection of civilians or for hunting purposes. Brand new Lebels could be purchased by authorized civilians and were featured in catalogs of the French mail-order firm Manufrance printed until 1939. Those "civ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=427222 | 153,988 |
1,364,515 | J. H. Van Vleck's theoretical work led to the establishment of the Los Alamos Nuclear Weapons Laboratory. He also served on the Los Alamos Review committee in 1943. The committee, established by General Leslie Groves, also consisted of W. K. Lewis of MIT, Chairman; E. L. Rose, of Jones & Lamson; E. B. Wilson of Harvard... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=396703 | 1,363,759 |
955,082 | Barbara McClintock was born Eleanor McClintock on June 16, 1902, in Hartford, Connecticut, the third of four children born to homeopathic physician Thomas Henry McClintock and Sara Handy McClintock. Thomas McClintock was the child of British immigrants; Sara Ryder Handy was descended from an old American "Mayflower" fa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=55188 | 954,577 |
740,032 | Fruit bodies are commonly found growing in dense clusters, but can also be found growing singly or in small clumps, especially in forested areas. In North America, "C. micaceus" is one of the first edible mushrooms to appear in the spring, and fruits from April to September. In Europe, it fruits from May to December. A... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22449893 | 739,640 |
476,824 | Oxidation of 1,4-DHPs accounts for one of the easiest ways of accessing pyridine derivatives. Common oxidants used to promote aromatization of 1,4-DHPs are CrO, KMnO, and HNO. However, aromatization is often accompanied by: low chemical yields, strong oxidative conditions, burdensome workups, the formation of side prod... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=67594543 | 476,584 |
533,386 | This time the airship used a German hangar at Stolp en route to Svalbard and the mast at Vadsø (Northern Norway). On 23 May 1928, after an outstanding 69-hour-long flight to the Siberian group of Arctic islands, the "Italia" commenced its flight to the North Pole with Nobile as both pilot and expedition leader. On 24 M... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=762335 | 533,107 |
551,064 | The stress required to cause dislocation motion is orders of magnitude lower than the theoretical stress required to shift an entire plane of atoms, so this mode of stress relief is energetically favorable. Hence, the hardness and strength (both yield and tensile) critically depend on the ease with which dislocations m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14369650 | 550,776 |
162,167 | In 1929 Ramsay MacDonald formed his second minority Labour Party government. In political terms, the economic problems found expression in the rise of radical movements who promised solutions which conventional political parties appeared unable to provide. In Britain this was seen with the rise of the Communist Party o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=33643110 | 162,082 |
479,813 | The electrolytic capacitor got its name from the electrolyte, the conductive liquid inside the capacitor. As a liquid it can be adapted to the porous structure of the anode and the grown oxide layer with the same shape and form as a "tailor-made" cathode. An electrolyte always consists of a mixture of solvents and addi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=44717055 | 479,572 |
573,345 | Assessment of MSDs is based on self-reports of symptoms and pain as well as physical examination by a doctor. Doctors rely on medical history, recreational and occupational hazards, intensity of pain, a physical exam to locate the source of the pain, and sometimes lab tests, X-rays, or an MRI Doctors look for specific ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=8400045 | 573,051 |
1,767,794 | Soil vapor extraction (SVE) is a physical treatment process for in situ remediation of volatile contaminants in vadose zone (unsaturated) soils (EPA, 2012). SVE (also referred to as in situ soil venting or vacuum extraction) is based on mass transfer of contaminant from the solid (sorbed) and liquid (aqueous or non-aqu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11484716 | 1,766,800 |
885,796 | Helicopter pilots are most commonly taught to avoid VRS by monitoring their rates of descent at lower airspeeds. When encountering VRS, pilots are taught to apply forward cyclic to fly out of the condition and/or lowering collective pitch. While transitioning to forward or lateral flight will alleviate the condition by... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1565482 | 885,332 |
804,512 | In commercial nuclear fission reactors, the system is operated in the otherwise self-extinguishing prompt subcritical state. The reactor specific physical phenomena that nonetheless maintains the temperature above the decay heat level, are the predictably delayed, and therefore easily controlled, transformations or mov... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=701333 | 804,083 |
1,995,213 | Thirdly, the shearing forces experienced by HSCs from circulating cells has been suggested to play a role in hematopoietic activation. Fetal HSCs in the AGM have shown upregulated Runx1 in response to these forces, which would result in significant hematopoietic regulation in these cells. Despite the differences betwee... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=42606579 | 1,994,070 |
1,562,456 | Podocalyxin is also upregulated in a number of cancers and is frequently associated with poor prognosis. Podocalyxin is important for us to potentially provide a better understand of cancer development and its aggressiveness through induced cell migration and the invasion from interacting with the actin-binding protein... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14203859 | 1,561,569 |
453,579 | It is estimated that the average global equilibrium temperature (the temperature in the absence of atmospheric effects) of Gliese 581g would range from 209 to 228 K (−64 to −45 °C, or −84 to −49 °F) for Bond albedos (reflectivities) from 0.5 to 0.3 (with the latter being more characteristic of the inner Solar System). ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=28996289 | 453,358 |
2,128,500 | In the wild, the species has been found in the middle and lower Zambezi River south to the Phongolo River system in South Africa. It is possibly extinct in Swaziland. It is found in pools and slow-flowing reaches of rivers. It shelters, frequently upside-down, in holes, crevices, or on the underside of logs. The reprod... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=22881618 | 2,127,277 |
967,555 | An oil shear brake has a series of friction discs and steel plates similar to the clutches in an automobile automatic transmission. The shaft carrying the friction discs is attached to the load through a coupling. A piston pushes the stack of friction discs and steel plates together creating shear in the oil between th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=908654 | 967,045 |
2,142,621 | STATPHYS is an international conference on statistical physics of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP). The series of conferences take place every three years in a different continent to give the maximum international relevance and visibility to the event. It is the world event for the broad fiel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=12260034 | 2,141,390 |
1,957,163 | Outside of observational data collected from active fisheries, the evidence for fisheries-induced evolution, or its symptoms, may be discerned through both commercial and recreational anecdotes. These stories often articulate the diminishing catch, reduction in their weight and length records, in addition to the mandat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=58476264 | 1,956,039 |
426,285 | To include all this function on one chip, the transputer's core logic was simpler than most CPUs. While some have called it reduced instruction set computer (RISC) due to its rather sparse nature, and because that was then a desirable marketing buzzword, it was heavily microcoded, had a limited register set, and comple... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=87858 | 426,076 |
1,165,165 | Quantum well lasers are important because they are the basic active element (laser light source) of the Internet fiber optic communication. Early work on these lasers focused on GaAs gallium arsenide based wells bounded by Al-GaAs walls, but wavelengths transmitted by optical fibers are best achieved with indium phosph... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15867941 | 1,164,548 |
1,045,518 | Herbert Spencer believed that society was evolving toward increasing freedom for individuals; and so held that government intervention, ought to be minimal in social and political life, differentiated between two phases of development, focusing is on the type of internal regulation within societies. Thus, he differenti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2267847 | 1,044,973 |
513,692 | Until the late 20th century, the amount of soot produced by something like a smokestack was often measured visually, and relatively crudely, by holding up cards with lines ruled onto them to indicate different shades of grey. These were known as Ringelmann charts, after their inventor, Max Ringelmann, and measured smok... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=46840722 | 513,426 |
354,326 | Hydrogen, like some of the alkali metals, reacts explosively with fluorine. Carbon, as lamp black, reacts at room temperature to yield fluoromethane. Graphite combines with fluorine above 400 °C (750 °F) to produce non-stoichiometric carbon monofluoride; higher temperatures generate gaseous fluorocarbons, sometimes wit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=17481271 | 354,143 |
1,138,238 | The use of a vacuum for switching electrical currents was motivated by the observation that a one-centimeter gap in an X-ray tube could withstand tens of thousands of volts. Although some vacuum switching devices were patented during the 19th century, they were not commercially available. In 1926, a group led by Royal ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=53258493 | 1,137,645 |
1,665,741 | Three years after Codd's work, Edwin Roger Banks showed a 4-state CA in his PhD thesis that was also capable of universal computation and construction, but again did not implement a self-reproducing machine. John Devore, in his 1973 masters thesis, tweaked Codd's rules to greatly reduce the size of Codd's design, to th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1977225 | 1,664,804 |
1,204,770 | To establish a stream gauge, USGS personnel first choose a site on a stream where the geometry is relatively stable and there is a suitable location to make discrete direct measurements of streamflow using specialized equipment. Many times this will be at a bridge or other stream crossing. Technicians then install equi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=200161 | 1,204,125 |
1,964,670 | A special problem for mobile terminals is the limited battery capacity. In a way, being compatible with a broadband terrestrial service would place a burden on the mobile terminal, because demodulating and decoding a high data-rate stream involves certain power dissipation in the tuner and the demodulator. An investiga... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=11627475 | 1,963,541 |
2,036,351 | where formula_2 is the dipole moment, formula_3 is the bead diameter, formula_4 is the angular frequency of the field precession, formula_5 is the rate of change of the filament path, formula_6 is the viscous drag coefficient and formula_7 is the unit vector of the plane perpendicular to the tangent of the filament cur... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=54193704 | 2,035,177 |
1,113,640 | Acetobacter aceti is a Gram-negative bacterium that moves using its peritrichous flagella. Louis Pasteur proved it to be the cause of conversion of ethanol to acetic acid in 1864. It is a benign microorganism which is present everywhere in the environment, existing in alcoholic ecological niches which include flowers, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39405064 | 1,113,074 |
377,211 | In June 1988, after nearly a year of guided scrutiny from its editors, "Nature" published a controversial and seemingly anomalous paper detailing Jacques Benveniste and his team's work studying human basophil degranulation in the presence of extremely dilute antibody serum. The paper concluded that less than a single m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=43427 | 377,016 |
1,646,713 | The JARI USV is described as a multipurpose, "medium-sized" unmanned surface vehicle. The drone possesses a modular design, allowing it to switch configurations and perform missions of a destroyer, such as air defense, anti-ship, and anti-submarine missions, but on a much smaller scale. Because of its design, radar, an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=66544382 | 1,645,783 |
349,407 | The fight-or-flight or the fight-flight-or-freeze response (also called hyperarousal or the acute stress response) is a physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived harmful event, attack, or threat to survival. It was first described by Walter Bradford Cannon. His theory states that animals react to th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=470843 | 349,224 |
1,978,885 | The method of hafnium-tungsten dating has been applied to many samples from Solar system bodies and used to provide estimates for the date of core formation. For iron meteorites hafnium-tungsten dating yields ages ranging from less than a million years after the formation of the first solids (calcium-aluminium-rich inc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=61860767 | 1,977,747 |
12,003 | Bluetooth exists in numerous products such as telephones, speakers, tablets, media players, robotics systems, laptops, and game console equipment as well as some high definition headsets, modems, hearing aids and even watches. Given the variety of devices which use Bluetooth, coupled with the contemporary deprecation o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=3742 | 11,998 |
1,485,456 | The Batista procedure was invented by Brazilian surgeon Randas Batista in 1994 for use in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. It involves removal of a portion of viable tissue from the left ventricle to reduce its size (partial left ventriculectomy), with or without repair or replacement of the mitral va... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=23610066 | 1,484,619 |
1,407,120 | The value of this approach is best known from the model of PCSK9, in which the study of families with extremely high cholesterol levels and early-onset heart disease led to an understanding of the key role of this gene and the development of a new class of cholesterol-fighting drugs. deCODE now routinely searches for s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1494572 | 1,406,330 |
1,988,351 | The location of the Shrine and future museum was part of the Theodore Davis Boal estate. Boal, a wealthy landowner and prominent citizen of the Centre Region, established a privately funded machine gun company on his land for service with the Pennsylvania National Guard in World War One. Shortly after the return of the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=15176388 | 1,987,209 |
475,913 | The premise to the design of atracurium and several of its congeners stemmed from the knowledge that a "bis"-quaternary structure is essential for neuromuscular-blocking activity: ideally, therefore, a chemical entity devoid of this "bis"-quaternary structure via susceptibility to inactive breakdown products by enzymic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=5363440 | 475,675 |
1,345,219 | After numerous developments and the Second World War, Kai Siegbahn (Nobel Prize in 1981) with his research group in Uppsala, Sweden registered in 1954 the first XPS device to produce a high energy-resolution XPS spectrum. In 1967, Siegbahn published a comprehensive study of XPS and its usefulness, which he called elect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4207738 | 1,344,481 |
1,252,241 | As the Bolshoi simulation ran, the position and velocity of each of the 8.6 billion particles representing dark matter was recorded in 180 snapshots roughly evenly spaced over the simulated 13.8-billion-year run on the Pleiades supercomputer. Each snapshot was then analyzed to find all the dark matter halos and the pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=41423071 | 1,251,563 |
708,718 | The ability to quickly mediate global changes is also apparent in the rapid expression of non-coding repetitive sequences. The short interspersed nuclear (SINE) Alu elements in humans and analogous B1 and B2 elements in mice have succeeded in becoming the most abundant mobile elements within the genomes, comprising ~10... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=16770101 | 708,349 |
2,035,356 | ATG101 is one of dozens of diverse proteins named for their involvement in autophagy, a process well conserved among most eukaryotic organisms. However, ATG101 is not homologous to any of the other ATG proteins. ATG101 interacts with essential autophagy protein ATG13 in mammals, which is an ULK1-interacting protein. UL... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=27147581 | 2,034,183 |
29,255 | Terahertz radiation or sub-millimeter radiation is a region of the spectrum from about 100 GHz to 30 terahertz (THz) between microwaves and far infrared which can be regarded as belonging to either band. Until recently, the range was rarely studied and few sources existed for microwave energy in the so-called "terahert... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=10134 | 29,245 |
1,533,872 | A second powerhouse was constructed below the original facility in 1897 to house an additional 750-kilowatt AC generator to meet the growing residential and public transit electricity demands of Sacramento. This generator was separated from the turbine turning it by about a rope belt pulley system. As new uses and user... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4242811 | 1,533,004 |
98,114 | Arctic foxes are primarily monogamous and both parents will care for the offspring. When predators and prey are abundant, Arctic foxes are more likely to be promiscuous (exhibited in both males and females) and display more complex social structures. Larger packs of foxes consisting of breeding or non-breeding males or... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2208 | 98,073 |
848,421 | Scramjet ("supersonic combustion ramjet") engines present a much different situation for the combustor than conventional gas turbine engines (scramjets are not gas turbines, as they generally have few or no moving parts). While scramjet combustors may be physically quite different from conventional combustors, they fac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1232903 | 847,971 |
2,005,999 | Lewis began her teaching career at Bowdoin College, before moving to Skidmore College in 1998. After four years at Skidmore, she resigned from her position to raise a family. In 2004-2005, Denzey Lewis accepted a research associate position at Harvard Divinity School in their Women Studies in Religion Program, followed... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=67504257 | 2,004,850 |
2,172,099 | The Institute specializes in fundamental questions of the age of the earth, using state-of-the-art instrumentation to find the age of rocks that will answer questions about geology and geobiology in Earth's history. The institute is capable of performing gas extraction, and thermal ionization mass spectrometry analysis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=21442762 | 2,170,860 |
1,790,745 | Lawsonite is a metamorphic silicate mineral related chemically and structurally to the epidote group of minerals. It is close to the ideal composition of CaAlSiO(OH) . HO giving it a close chemical composition with anorthite CaAlSiO (its anhydrous equivalent), yet lawsonite has greater density and a different Al coordi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=4033532 | 1,789,739 |
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