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we're returning that object to main so
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that we can actually print out who is
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from what house well let's go ahead and
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add a bit more functionality here
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because right now on lines 12 and 13
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this is a little manual and it's a
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little reckless of me to just be putting
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anything I want inside of this student
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object it turns out with classes unlike
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with dictionaries we can actually
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standardize all the more what those
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attributes can be and how what kinds of
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values you can set them to so let me go
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ahead and do this let me propose that it
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would actually be really nice if instead
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of doing this here let me go ahead and
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simplify my code as follows let me go
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ahead and give myself a local variable
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called name and set it equal to the
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return value of input like we've done
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many times now already let me give
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myself one other variable for now called
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house and set it equal to the return
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value of input as well prompting the
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user for their house and now and instead
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of creating a student object from my
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student class and then manually putting
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the name attribute inside of it and the
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house attribute inside of it let me
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actually do something more powerful let
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me do this let me call that student
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function which is identical to the class
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name just by defining a class you get a
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function whose name is identical to the
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class name with the capital letter
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included but instead of just doing open
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parenthesis close parenthesis let me
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pass in the name that I want to fill
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this this object with and the house that
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I want to put in that object as well and
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now let me set the return value as
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before to be student equals like this so
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what have I done that's different
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fundamentally I'm still getting user
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input in the same way I'm using input on
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line 11 and input on line 12 and I just
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so happen to be storing those return
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values in local variables but now now
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we're setting the stage for the more
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powerful features of classes and
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objectoriented programming more
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generally notice that I'm deliberately
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passing to this capital S student
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function name comma house I'm passing in
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arguments to the function now the
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student class is not going to know what
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to do with those yet but now I'm sort of
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standardizing how I'm passing data into
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this student class and ultimately it's
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going to give me an opportunity to error
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check those inputs to make sure that the
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name is valid that it has a value and
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it's not just the user hitting enter
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it's going to allow me to ensure that
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it's a valid house that it's griffindor
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door or Hufflepuff or Ravenclaw or
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Slytherin or not just hitting enter or
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some random value that the user types in
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because I'm passing name and house to
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the student class this particular
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function I'm going to have more control
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over the correctness of my data so let's
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now go up to the student class which up
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until now I left as just dot dot dot it
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turns out that in the context of classes
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there are a number of not just uh
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attributes or instance variables that
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you can put inside but also method Me
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classes come with certain methods or
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functions inside of them that you can
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Define and they just behave in a special
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way by nature of how python works these
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functions allow you to determine
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behavior in a standard way they are
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indeed special methods in that sense now
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what do I mean by this well let me go
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back to VSS code here and let me propose
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that I start to define a standard
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function called uh underscore underscore
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or Dunder as it's abbreviated in it
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underscore underscore and then I'm going
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to go ahead and do open parenthesis and
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then I'm going to put in here literally
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the word self more on that in just a
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moment but now inside of this function
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I'm going to have an opportunity to
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customize this uh class's objects that
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is to say this underscore underscore
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init method or Dunder init method is
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specifically known as an instance method
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