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What causes Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | Researchers do not fully understand what causes cysts to grow in the kidneys of people with CKD. The fact that these cysts occur only in the kidneys and not in other parts of the body, as in PKD, indicates that the processes that lead to cyst formation take place primarily inside the kidneys.2 | Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease |
What are the symptoms of Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | A person with acquired cystic kidney disease often has no symptoms. However, the complications of acquired cystic kidney disease can have signs and symptoms. | Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease |
What are the complications of Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | People with acquired cystic kidney disease may develop the following complications:
- an infected cyst, which can cause fever and back pain. - blood in the urine, which can signal that a cyst in the kidney is bleeding. - tumors in the kidneys. People with acquired cystic kidney disease are more likel... | Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease |
How to diagnose Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | A health care provider may diagnose a person with acquired cystic kidney disease based on
- medical history - imaging tests
Medical History
Taking a medical history may help a health care provider diagnose acquired cystic kidney disease. A health care provider may sus... | Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease |
What are the treatments for Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | If acquired cystic kidney disease is not causing complications, a person does not need treatment. A health care provider will treat infections with antibioticsmedications that kill bacteria. If large cysts are causing pain, a health care provider may drain the cyst using a long needle inserted into the cyst through the... | Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease |
What to do for Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | No specific diet will prevent or delay acquired cystic kidney disease. In general, a diet designed for people on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis reduces the amount of wastes that accumulate in the body between dialysis sessions.
More information is provided in the NIDDK health topics, Eat Right to ... | Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease |
What to do for Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease ? | - Acquired cystic kidney disease happens when a person's kidneys develop fluid-filled sacs, called cysts, over time. - Acquired cystic kidney disease occurs in children and adults who have - chronic kidney disease (CKD) - end-stage kidney disease (ESRD) - People with acquired cystic kidney disease may devel... | Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease |
What is (are) Human Growth Hormone and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Resource List ? | MAGIC (Major Aspects of Growth in Children) Foundation is a national, nonprofit organization that provides support and education about growth disorders in children and growth hormone deficiency in adults. Staff will help connect people who have similar interests or concerns.
The Human Growth Foundation... | Human Growth Hormone and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Resource List |
What is (are) Human Growth Hormone and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Resource List ? | Health Alert: Adrenal Crisis Causes Death in Some People Who Were Treated with Human Growth Hormone
National Hormone and Pituitary Program (NHPP): Information for People Treated with Pituitary Human Growth Hormone (Summary)
National Hormone and Pituitary Program (NHPP): Information for... | Human Growth Hormone and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Resource List |
What is (are) Simple Kidney Cysts ? | Simple kidney cysts are abnormal, fluid-filled sacs that form in the kidneys. Simple kidney cysts are different from the cysts that develop when a person has polycystic kidney disease (PKD), which is a genetic disorder. Simple kidney cysts do not enlarge the kidneys, replace their normal structure, or cause reduced kid... | Simple Kidney Cysts |
What is (are) Simple Kidney Cysts ? | The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located near the middle of the back, just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every day, the two kidneys process about 200 quarts of blood to filter out about 1 to 2 quarts of urine, composed of waste products and extra water... | Simple Kidney Cysts |
What causes Simple Kidney Cysts ? | The cause of simple kidney cysts is not fully understood. Obstruction of tubulestiny structures within the kidneys that collect urineor deficiency of blood supply to the kidneys may play a role. Diverticulasacs that form on the tubulesmay detach and become simple kidney cysts. The role of genetic factors in the develop... | Simple Kidney Cysts |
What are the symptoms of Simple Kidney Cysts ? | Simple kidney cysts usually do not cause symptoms or harm the kidneys. In some cases, however, pain can occur between the ribs and hips when cysts enlarge and press on other organs. Sometimes cysts become infected, causing fever, pain, and tenderness. Simple kidney cysts are not thought to affect kidney function, but o... | Simple Kidney Cysts |
How to diagnose Simple Kidney Cysts ? | Most simple kidney cysts are found during imaging tests done for other reasons. When a cyst is found, the following imaging tests can be used to determine whether it is a simple kidney cyst or another, more serious condition. These imaging tests are performed at an outpatient center or hospital by a specially trained t... | Simple Kidney Cysts |
What are the treatments for Simple Kidney Cysts ? | Treatment is not needed for simple kidney cysts that do not cause any symptoms. Simple kidney cysts may be monitored with periodic ultrasounds.
Simple kidney cysts that are causing symptoms or blocking the flow of blood or urine through the kidney may need to be treated using a procedure called sclerot... | Simple Kidney Cysts |
What to do for Simple Kidney Cysts ? | Eating, diet, and nutrition have not been shown to play a role in causing or preventing simple kidney cysts. | Simple Kidney Cysts |
What to do for Simple Kidney Cysts ? | #NAME? | Simple Kidney Cysts |
How to diagnose Kidney Disease of Diabetes ? | People with diabetes should be screened regularly for kidney disease. The two key markers for kidney disease are eGFR and urine albumin.
- eGFR. eGFR stands for estimated glomerular filtration rate. Each kidney contains about 1 million tiny filters made up of blood vessels. These filters are called gl... | Kidney Disease of Diabetes |
How to diagnose Kidney Disease of Diabetes ? | People with diabetes should be screened regularly for kidney disease. The two key markers for kidney disease are eGFR and urine albumin.
- eGFR. eGFR stands for estimated glomerular filtration rate. Each kidney contains about 1 million tiny filters made up of blood vessels. These filters are called gl... | Kidney Disease of Diabetes |
How to prevent Kidney Disease of Diabetes ? | Blood Pressure Medicines
Scientists have made great progress in developing methods that slow the onset and progression of kidney disease in people with diabetes. Drugs used to lower blood pressure can slow the progression of kidney disease significantly. Two types of drugs, angiotensin-converting enzym... | Kidney Disease of Diabetes |
How to prevent Kidney Disease of Diabetes ? | Blood Pressure Medicines
Scientists have made great progress in developing methods that slow the onset and progression of kidney disease in people with diabetes. Drugs used to lower blood pressure can slow the progression of kidney disease significantly. Two types of drugs, angiotensin-converting enzym... | Kidney Disease of Diabetes |
What to do for Kidney Disease of Diabetes ? | #NAME? | Kidney Disease of Diabetes |
What to do for Kidney Disease of Diabetes ? | #NAME? | Kidney Disease of Diabetes |
What is (are) Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know ? | Hepatitis B is a liver disease spread through contact with blood, semen, or other body fluids from a person infected with the hepatitis B virus. The disease is most commonly spread from an infected mother to her infant at birth. Hepatitis B is also spread through sex, wound-to-wound contact, and contact with items that... | Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know |
What is (are) Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know ? | Hepatitis B may start as a brief, flu-like illness. Most healthy adults and children older than 5 completely recover after the bodys immune system gets rid of the virus.
Hepatitis B becomes chronic when the bodys immune system cant get rid of the virus. Over time, having the virus can lead to inflammat... | Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know |
Who is at risk for Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know? ? | Since 1986, a hepatitis B vaccine has been available and should be given to newborns and children in the United States. The vaccine, however, is unavailableor has only recently become availablein many parts of the world. You are at higher risk for hepatitis B if you or your mother was born in a region of the world wher... | Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know |
What are the symptoms of Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know ? | Hepatitis B is called a silent killer because many people have no symptoms, so the disease often progresses unnoticed for years. Unfortunately, many people first learn they have chronic hepatitis B when they develop symptoms of severe liver damage, which include
- yellowish eyes and skin, called jaundi... | Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know |
Who is at risk for Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know? ? | Anyone can get hepatitis B, but some people are at higher risk, including
- people who were born to a mother with hepatitis B - people who have close household contact with someone infected with the hepatitis B virus - people who have lived in parts of the world where hepatitis B is common, including... | Hepatitis B: What Asian and Pacific Islander Americans Need to Know |
What is (are) Solitary Kidney ? | When a person has only one kidney or one working kidney, this kidney is called a solitary kidney. The three main causes of a solitary kidney are
- birth defects. People with kidney agenesis are born with only one kidney. People born with kidney dysplasia have both kidneys; however, one kidney does not ... | Solitary Kidney |
What is (are) Solitary Kidney ? | The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every day, the kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine, composed of wastes and extra fluid. The urine flows from the kidneys to ... | Solitary Kidney |
What to do for Solitary Kidney ? | People with a solitary kidney do not need to eat a special diet. However, people with reduced kidney function may need to make changes to their diet to slow the progression of kidney disease. More information about recommended dietary changes is provided in the NIDDK health topics, Nutrition for Early Chronic Kidney Di... | Solitary Kidney |
What to do for Solitary Kidney ? | - When a person has only one kidney or one working kidney, this kidney is called a solitary kidney. The three main causes of a solitary kidney are birth defects, surgical removal of a kidney, and kidney donation. - In general, people with a solitary kidney lead full, healthy lives. However, some people are more likely... | Solitary Kidney |
What is (are) What I need to know about Hepatitis B ? | Hepatitis* B is a virus, or infection, that causes liver disease and inflammation of the liver. Viruses can cause sickness. For example, the flu is caused by a virus. People can pass viruses to each other.
Inflammation is swelling that occurs when tissues of the body become injured or infected. Inflamm... | What I need to know about Hepatitis B |
What is (are) What I need to know about Hepatitis B ? | The liver is an organ that does many important things. You cannot live without a liver.
*See the Pronunciation Guide for tips on how to say the words in bold type.
The liver
- removes harmful chemicals from your blood - fights infection - helps digest food - stores ... | What I need to know about Hepatitis B |
Who is at risk for What I need to know about Hepatitis B? ? | Anyone can get hepatitis B, but those more likely to are people who
- were born to a mother with hepatitis B - are in contact with blood, needles, or body fluids at work - live with someone who currently has an active hepatitis B infection - have had more than one sex partner in the last 6 months or... | What I need to know about Hepatitis B |
What are the symptoms of What I need to know about Hepatitis B ? | Most people do not have any symptoms of hepatitis B. Adults and children ages 5 and older may have one or more of the following symptoms:
- feeling tired - muscle soreness - upset stomach - stomach pain - fever - loss of appetite - diarrhea - dark-yellow urine - light-colored stools - yellowis... | What I need to know about Hepatitis B |
What is (are) What I need to know about Hepatitis B ? | Acute hepatitis B is a short-term infection with the hepatitis B virus. Symptoms usually last several weeks but they can last up to 6 months. The infection sometimes clears up because your body is able to fight off the infection and get rid of the virus. Most healthy adults and children older than 5 who have hepatitis ... | What I need to know about Hepatitis B |
What is (are) What I need to know about Hepatitis B ? | Chronic hepatitis B is a long-lasting infection with the hepatitis B virus. Chronic hepatitis B occurs when the body cant get rid of the hepatitis B virus. Children, especially infants, are more likely to get chronic hepatitis B, which usually has no symptoms until signs of liver damage appear.
Without... | What I need to know about Hepatitis B |
How to diagnose What I need to know about Hepatitis B ? | A blood test will show if you have hepatitis B. Blood tests are done at a doctors office or outpatient facility. A blood sample is taken using a needle inserted into a vein in your arm or hand. The blood sample is sent to a lab to test for hepatitis B.
If you are at higher risk of getting hepatitis B, ... | What I need to know about Hepatitis B |
What are the treatments for What I need to know about Hepatitis B ? | Hepatitis B is not usually treated unless it becomes chronic. Chronic hepatitis B is treated with medicines that slow or stop the virus from damaging the liver.
Medicines for Chronic Hepatitis B
Your doctor will choose medicines or a combination of medicines that are likely to work for... | What I need to know about Hepatitis B |
What to do for What I need to know about Hepatitis B ? | If you have chronic hepatitis B, you should do things to take care of yourself, including eating a healthy diet. Avoid drinking alcohol, which can harm the liver. Talk with your doctor before taking vitamins and other supplements. | What I need to know about Hepatitis B |
What to do for What I need to know about Hepatitis B ? | - Hepatitis B is a virus, or infection, that causes liver disease and inflammation of the liver. - Anyone can get hepatitis B, but some people are more likely to than others. - You could get hepatitis B through contact with an infected persons blood, semen, or other body fluid. - Most people do not have any symptoms... | What I need to know about Hepatitis B |
What are the treatments for Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You ? | If you have advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), you may soon need treatment to do the work your kidneys can no longer do. Learning about your treatment options for kidney failure will help you make the best choice for you. Each treatment has pros and cons. Your choice of treatment will have a big effect on your dail... | Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You ? | The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every day, the two kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine, composed of wastes and extra fluid. The urine flows from the kidneys... | Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You ? | Chronic kidney disease means you have damaged kidneys that cannot filter blood normally. Wastes then build up in your blood, harming your body. Kidney disease usually does not get better and may lead to kidney failure. If your kidneys fail, current treatment options can help you live a longer, healthier life. Some peop... | Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You |
What are the treatments for Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You ? | You have three treatment options to choose from to filter your blood. A fourth option offers care without replacing the work of the kidneys. None of these treatments helps the kidneys get better. However, they all can help you feel better.
- Hemodialysis uses a machine to move your blood through a filt... | Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You ? | Purpose of Hemodialysis
The purpose of hemodialysis is to filter your blood. This type of dialysis uses a machine to remove harmful wastes and extra fluid, as your kidneys did when they were healthy. Hemodialysis helps control blood pressure and balance important minerals, such as potassium, sodium, ca... | Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You ? | Purpose of Peritoneal Dialysis
The purpose of peritoneal dialysis is to filter wastes and extra fluid from your body. This type of dialysis uses the lining of your bellythe space in your body that holds your stomach, bowels, and liverto filter your blood. This lining, called the peritoneum, acts to do ... | Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You |
What is (are) Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You ? | What should I know about kidney transplantation?
The purpose of kidney transplantation is to surgically place a healthy kidney from a donora person who has just died or a living person, most often a family memberinto your body. A kidney from someone who has just died is a deceased donor kidney. A kidne... | Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You |
What are the treatments for Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You ? | Conservative management for kidney failure is the choice to say no to or stop dialysis treatments. For many people, dialysis not only extends life, it also improves the quality of life. For others who have serious conditions in addition to kidney failure, dialysis may seem like a burden that only prolongs suffering. If... | Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You |
What to do for Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You ? | All of the treatment options for kidney failure require changes and restrictions in your diet.
Hemodialysis
Hemodialysis has the most restrictions. You should watch how much water and other liquids you get from food and drinks and avoid getting too much sodium, often from salt; potassi... | Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You |
What to do for Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You ? | #NAME? | Kidney Failure: Choosing a Treatment That's Right for You |
What is (are) Monitor Your Diabetes ? | Sometimes, no matter how hard you try to keep your blood glucose levels in your target range, they will be too high or too low. Blood glucose thats too high or too low can make you feel sick. If you try to control your high or low blood glucose and cant, you may become even sicker and need help. Talk with your doctor t... | Monitor Your Diabetes |
What is (are) Diarrhea ? | Diarrhea is loose, watery stools. Having diarrhea means passing loose stools three or more times a day. Acute diarrhea is a common problem that usually lasts 1 or 2 days and goes away on its own.
Diarrhea lasting more than 2 days may be a sign of a more serious problem. Chronic diarrheadiarrhea that la... | Diarrhea |
What causes Diarrhea ? | Acute diarrhea is usually caused by a bacterial, viral, or parasitic infection. Chronic diarrhea is usually related to a functional disorder such as irritable bowel syndrome or an intestinal disease such as Crohns disease.
The most common causes of diarrhea include the following:
- Bac... | Diarrhea |
What are the symptoms of Diarrhea ? | Diarrhea may be accompanied by cramping, abdominal pain, nausea, an urgent need to use the bathroom, or loss of bowel control. Some infections that cause diarrhea can also cause a fever and chills or bloody stools.
Dehydration
Diarrhea can cause dehydration. Loss of electrolytes throug... | Diarrhea |
How to diagnose Diarrhea ? | If acute diarrhea lasts 2 days or less, diagnostic tests are usually not necessary. If diarrhea lasts longer or is accompanied by symptoms such as fever or bloody stools, a doctor may perform tests to determine the cause.
Diagnostic tests to find the cause of diarrhea may include the following:
... | Diarrhea |
What are the treatments for Diarrhea ? | In most cases of diarrhea, the only treatment necessary is replacing lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration.
Over-the-counter medicines such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol and Kaopectate) may help stop diarrhea in adults. However, people with bloody diarrhe... | Diarrhea |
What to do for Diarrhea ? | Until diarrhea subsides, avoiding caffeine and foods that are greasy, high in fiber, or sweet may lessen symptoms. These foods can aggravate diarrhea. Some people also have problems digesting lactose during or after a bout of diarrhea. Yogurt, which has less lactose than milk, is often better tolerated. Yogurt with act... | Diarrhea |
How to prevent Diarrhea ? | Two types of diarrhea can be preventedrotavirus diarrhea and travelers diarrhea.
Rotavirus Diarrhea
Two oral vaccines have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to protect children from rotavirus infections: rotavirus vaccine, live, oral, pentavalent (RotaTeq); and rot... | Diarrhea |
What to do for Diarrhea ? | - Diarrhea is loose, watery stools. Having diarrhea means passing loose stools three or more times a day. - Diarrhea is a common problem that usually goes away on its own. - The most common causes of diarrhea include bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections; functional bowel disorders; intestinal diseases; food int... | Diarrhea |
What is (are) 4 Steps to Manage Your Diabetes for Life ? | What is diabetes?
There are three main types of diabetes:
- Type 1 diabetes Your body does not make insulin. This is a problem because you need insulin to take the sugar (glucose) from the foods you eat and turn it into energy for your body. You need to take insulin every day to live.... | 4 Steps to Manage Your Diabetes for Life |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | CKD usually takes a long time to develop and does not go away. In CKD, the kidneys continue to workjust not as well as they should. Wastes may build up so gradually that the body becomes used to having those wastes in the blood. Salts containing phosphorus and potassium may rise to unsafe levels, causing heart and bone... | Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | MNT is the use of nutrition counseling by a registered dietitian to help promote a medical or health goal. A health care provider may refer a patient to a registered dietitian to help with the patient's food plan. Many insurance policies cover MNT when recommended by a health care provider. Anyone who qualifies for Med... | Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | As CKD progresses, people often lose their appetites because they find that foods do not taste the same. As a result, they consume fewer caloriesimportant units of energy in foodand may lose too much weight. Renal dietitians can help people with advanced CKD find healthy ways to add calories to their diet if they are l... | Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | Protein is an essential part of any diet. Proteins help build and maintain muscle, bone, skin, connective tissue, internal organs, and blood. They help fight disease and heal wounds. But proteins also break down into waste products that must be removed from the blood by the kidneys. Eating more protein than the body ne... | Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | Most peoplewith or without CKDcan get the daily protein they need by eating two 3-ounce servings of meat or meat substitute. A 3-ounce serving of meat is about the size of a deck of cards or the palm of a persons hand.
A renal dietitian can help people learn about the amount and sources of protein in t... | Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | Everyone should know about fat sources because eating the wrong kinds of fat and too much fat increases the risk of clogged blood vessels and heart problems. Fat provides energy, helps produce hormonelike substances that regulate blood pressure and other heart functions, and carries fat-soluble vitamins. Everyone needs... | Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | Too much sodium in a person's diet can be harmful because it causes blood to hold fluid. People with CKD need to be careful not to let too much fluid build up in their bodies. The extra fluid raises blood pressure and puts a strain on the heart and kidneys. A dietitian can help people find ways to reduce the amount of ... | Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | Keeping the proper level of potassium in the blood is essential. Potassium keeps the heart beating regularly and muscles working right. Problems can occur when blood potassium levels are either too low or too high. Damaged kidneys allow potassium to build up in the blood, causing serious heart problems. Potassium is fo... | Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | Damaged kidneys allow phosphorus, a mineral found in many foods, to build up in the blood. Too much phosphorus in the blood pulls calcium from the bones, making the bones weak and likely to break. Too much phosphorus may also make skin itch. Foods such as milk and cheese, dried beans, peas, colas, canned iced teas and ... | Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults |
What to do for Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | - A person may prevent or delay some health problems from chronic kidney disease (CKD) by eating the right foods and avoiding foods high in sodium, potassium, and phosphorus. - The kidneys remove wastes and extra water from the blood and make urine. - Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is the use of counseling by a regi... | Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults |
What is (are) Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults ? | The NIDDK Nutrition for Chronic Kidney Disease Series includes three fact sheets:
- Nutrition for Early Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults - Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults - Nutrition for Chronic Kidney Disease in Children | Nutrition for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults |
What is (are) Wilson Disease ? | Wilson disease is a genetic disease that prevents the body from removing extra copper. The body needs a small amount of copper from food to stay healthy; however, too much copper is poisonous. Normally, the liver filters extra copper and releases it into bile. Bile is a fluid made by the liver that carries toxins and w... | Wilson Disease |
What is (are) Wilson Disease ? | The liver is the bodys largest internal organ. The liver is called the bodys metabolic factory because of the important role it plays in metabolismthe way cells change food into energy after food is digested and absorbed into the blood. The liver has many important functions, including
- taking up, sto... | Wilson Disease |
What causes Wilson Disease ? | Wilson disease is caused by an inherited autosomal recessive mutation, or change, in the ATP7B gene. In an autosomal recessive disease, the child has to inherit the gene mutation from both parents to have an increased likelihood for the disease. The chance of a child inheriting autosomal recessive mutations from both p... | Wilson Disease |
What are the symptoms of Wilson Disease ? | The signs and symptoms of Wilson disease vary, depending on what organs of the body are affected. Wilson disease is present at birth; however, the signs and symptoms of the disease do not appear until the copper builds up in the liver, the brain, or other organs.
When people have signs and symptoms, th... | Wilson Disease |
What are the complications of Wilson Disease ? | People who have Wilson disease that is not treated or diagnosed early can have serious complications, such as
- cirrhosisscarring of the liver - kidney damageas liver function decreases, the kidneys may be damaged - persistent nervous system problems when nervous system symptoms do not resolve - liv... | Wilson Disease |
How to diagnose Wilson Disease ? | A health care provider may use several tests and exams to diagnose Wilson disease, including the following:
- medical and family history - physical exam - blood tests - urine tests - liver biopsy - imaging tests
Health care providers typically see the same symptoms of Wilson disea... | Wilson Disease |
What are the treatments for Wilson Disease ? | A health care provider will treat Wilson disease with a lifelong effort to reduce and control the amount of copper in the body. Treatment may include
- medications - changes in eating, diet, and nutrition - a liver transplant
Medications
A health care provider will p... | Wilson Disease |
What to do for Wilson Disease ? | People with Wilson disease should reduce their dietary copper intake by avoiding foods that are high in copper, such as
- shellfish - liver - mushrooms - nuts - chocolate
People should not eat these foods during the initial treatment and talk with the health care provider to discus... | Wilson Disease |
How to prevent Wilson Disease ? | A person cannot prevent Wilson disease; however, people with a family history of Wilson disease, especially those with an affected sibling or parent, should talk with a health care provider about testing. A health care provider may be able to diagnose Wilson disease before symptoms appear. Early diagnosis and treatment... | Wilson Disease |
What to do for Wilson Disease ? | - Wilson disease is a genetic disease that prevents the body from removing extra copper. - Normally, the liver filters extra copper and releases it into bile. In Wilson disease, the liver does not filter copper correctly and copper builds up in the liver, brain, eyes, and other organs. - Wilson disease is caused by a... | Wilson Disease |
What is (are) Crohn's Disease ? | Crohn's disease is a chronic, or long lasting, disease that causes inflammationirritation or swellingin the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Most commonly, Crohn's affects the small intestine and the beginning of the large intestine. However, the disease can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus.
... | Crohn's Disease |
What is (are) Crohn's Disease ? | The GI tract is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anusa 1-inch-long opening through which stool leaves the body. The body digests food using the movement of muscles in the GI tract, along with the release of hormones and enzymes. Organs that make up the GI tract are the mou... | Crohn's Disease |
What causes Crohn's Disease ? | The exact cause of Crohn's disease is unknown. Researchers believe the following factors may play a role in causing Crohn's disease:
- autoimmune reaction - genes - environment
Autoimmune reaction. Scientists believe one cause of Crohn's disease may be an autoimmune reactionwhen a pe... | Crohn's Disease |
What are the symptoms of Crohn's Disease ? | The most common signs and symptoms of Crohn's disease are
- diarrhea - abdominal cramping and pain - weight loss
Other general signs and symptoms include
- feeling tired - nausea or loss of appetite - fever - anemiaa condition in which the body has fewer red blood... | Crohn's Disease |
How to diagnose Crohn's Disease ? | A health care provider diagnoses Crohn's disease with the following:
- medical and family history - physical exam - lab tests - upper GI series - computerized tomography (CT) scan - intestinal endoscopy
The health care provider may perform a series of medical tests to rule out oth... | Crohn's Disease |
What are the treatments for Crohn's Disease ? | A health care provider treats Crohn's disease with
- medications - bowel rest - surgery
Which treatment a person needs depends on the severity of the disease and symptoms. Each person experiences Crohn's disease differently, so health care providers adjust treatments to improve the p... | Crohn's Disease |
What to do for Crohn's Disease ? | Researchers have not found that eating, diet, and nutrition cause Crohn's disease symptoms. Good nutrition is important in the management of Crohn's disease, however. Dietary changes can help reduce symptoms. A health care provider may recommend that a person make dietary changes such as
- avoiding car... | Crohn's Disease |
What are the complications of Crohn's Disease ? | Complications of Crohn's disease can include
- bowel obstruction. Crohn's disease can thicken the wall of the intestine. Over time, the thickened areas of the intestine can narrow, which can block the intestine. A partial or complete obstruction, also called a bowel blockage, can block the movement of ... | Crohn's Disease |
What to do for Crohn's Disease ? | - Crohn's disease is a chronic, or long lasting, disease that causes inflammationirritation or swellingin the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. - The exact cause of Crohn's disease is unknown. Researchers believe that factors such as an autoimmune reaction, genes, and environment may play a role in causing Crohn's disease.... | Crohn's Disease |
What is (are) What I need to know about Kidney Stones ? | A kidney* stone is a solid piece of material that forms in a kidney when there are high levels of certain substances in the urine. These substances are normally found in the urine and do not cause problems at lower levels.
A stone may stay in the kidney or travel down the urinary tract. Kidney stones v... | What I need to know about Kidney Stones |
What is (are) What I need to know about Kidney Stones ? | The urinary tract is the bodys drainage system for removing wastes and extra water. The urinary tract includes two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder, and a urethra. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located near the middle of the back, just below the rib cage, one on each sid... | What I need to know about Kidney Stones |
What causes What I need to know about Kidney Stones ? | Kidney stones are caused by high levels of calcium, oxalate, and phosphorus in the urine. Some foods may cause kidney stones in certain people. You may be more likely to get a kidney stone if you have
- a condition that affects levels of substances in your urine that can cause stones to form - a famil... | What I need to know about Kidney Stones |
What is (are) What I need to know about Kidney Stones ? | Doctors have found four main types of kidney stones:
- The most common types of stones contain calcium. Calcium is a normal part of a healthy diet. Calcium that is not used by the bones and muscles goes to the kidneys. In most people, the kidneys flush out the extra calcium with the rest of the urine. ... | What I need to know about Kidney Stones |
What are the symptoms of What I need to know about Kidney Stones ? | You may have a kidney stone if you
- have pain while urinating - see blood in your urine - feel a sharp pain in your back or lower abdomenthe area between your chest and hips
The pain may last for a short or long time. You may have nausea and vomiting with the pain.
... | What I need to know about Kidney Stones |
How to diagnose What I need to know about Kidney Stones ? | To diagnose kidney stones, your doctor will do a physical exam and ask about your medical history. The doctor may ask if you have a family history of kidney stones and about your diet, digestive problems, and other health problems. The doctor may perform urine, blood, and imaging tests to complete the diagnosis.
... | What I need to know about Kidney Stones |
What are the treatments for What I need to know about Kidney Stones ? | The treatment for kidney stones usually depends on their size and what they are made of. Kidney stones may be treated by your regular doctor or by a urologista doctor who specializes in the urinary tract. You may need treatment if you have symptoms or if a kidney stone is blocking your urinary tract. Small stones dont ... | What I need to know about Kidney Stones |
How to prevent What I need to know about Kidney Stones ? | To prevent kidney stones, you need to know what caused your kidney stone. Your doctor may ask you to try to catch the kidney stone as it passes in your urine. The kidney stone can then be sent to a lab to find out what type of stone it is. If you have treatment in the hospital and the doctor removes the stone, it will ... | What I need to know about Kidney Stones |
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