problem stringlengths 16 191 | explanation stringlengths 6 29k ⌀ | type stringlengths 3 136 ⌀ |
|---|---|---|
What are the treatments for Perineal Injury in Males ? | Treatments for perineal injury vary with the severity and type of injury. Tears or incisions may require stitches. Traumatic or piercing injuries may require surgery to repair damaged pelvic floor muscles, blood vessels, and nerves. Treatment for these acute injuries may also include antibiotics to prevent infection. A... | Perineal Injury in Males |
How to prevent Perineal Injury in Males ? | Preventing perineal injury requires being aware of and taking steps to minimize the dangers of activities such as construction work or bike riding:
- People should talk with their health care provider about the benefits and risks of perineal surgery well before the operation. - People who play or work... | Perineal Injury in Males |
What to do for Perineal Injury in Males ? | To prevent constipation, a diet with 20 to 35 grams of fiber each day helps the body form soft, bulky stool that is easier to pass. High-fiber foods include beans, whole grains and bran cereals, fresh fruits, and vegetables such as asparagus, brussels sprouts, cabbage, and carrots. For people prone to constipation, lim... | Perineal Injury in Males |
What to do for Perineal Injury in Males ? | #NAME? | Perineal Injury in Males |
What is (are) Ectopic Kidney ? | An ectopic kidney is a birth defect in which a kidney is located below, above, or on the opposite side of its usual position. About one in 900 people has an ectopic kidney.1 | Ectopic Kidney |
What is (are) Ectopic Kidney ? | The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located near the middle of the back, just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every minute, a persons kidneys filter about 3 ounces of blood, removing wastes and extra water. The wastes and extra water make up the 1 to 2 quar... | Ectopic Kidney |
What causes Ectopic Kidney ? | During fetal development, a babys kidneys first appear as buds inside the pelvisthe bowl-shaped bone that supports the spine and holds up the digestive, urinary, and reproductive organsnear the bladder. As the kidneys develop, they move gradually toward their usual position in the back near the rib cage. Sometimes, one... | Ectopic Kidney |
What are the symptoms of Ectopic Kidney ? | An ectopic kidney may not cause any symptoms and may function normally, even though it is not in its usual position. Many people have an ectopic kidney and do not discover it until they have tests done for other reasons. Sometimes, a health care provider may discover an ectopic kidney after feeling a lump in the abdome... | Ectopic Kidney |
What are the complications of Ectopic Kidney ? | Possible complications of an ectopic kidney include problems with urine drainage from that kidney. Sometimes, urine can even flow backwards from the bladder to the kidney, a problem called vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). More information about VUR is provided in the NIDDK health topic, Vesicoureteral Reflux.
... | Ectopic Kidney |
How to diagnose Ectopic Kidney ? | A health care provider may use one or more of the following imaging tests to diagnose an ectopic kidney:
- Ultrasound. An ultrasound uses a device, called a transducer, that bounces safe, painless sound waves off organs to create an image of their structure. The procedure is performed in a health care ... | Ectopic Kidney |
What are the treatments for Ectopic Kidney ? | No treatment for an ectopic kidney is needed if urinary function is normal and no blockage of the urinary tract is present.
If tests show an obstruction, surgery may be needed to correct the position of the kidney to allow for better drainage of urine. Reflux can be corrected by surgery to alter the ur... | Ectopic Kidney |
What to do for Ectopic Kidney ? | Eating, diet, and nutrition have not been shown to play a role in causing or preventing an ectopic kidney. | Ectopic Kidney |
What to do for Ectopic Kidney ? | #NAME? | Ectopic Kidney |
What is (are) Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 ? | MEN1 is an inherited disorder that causes tumors in the endocrine glands and the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. MEN1 is sometimes called multiple endocrine adenomatosis or Wermer's syndrome, after one of the first doctors to recognize it. MEN1 is rare, occurring in about one in 30,000 people.1 The dis... | Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 |
What to do for Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 ? | - Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an inherited disorder that causes hormone-secreting tumors in the duodenum and the endocrine glands-most often the parathyroid, pancreas, and pituitary. - Overactive parathyroid glands can lead to tiredness, weakness, muscle or bone pain, constipation, indigestion, kidne... | Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 |
What is (are) Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) ? | Hematuria is blood in the urine. Two types of blood in the urine exist. Blood that can be seen in the urine is called gross hematuria. Blood that cannot be seen in the urine, except when examined with a microscope, is called microscopic hematuria. | Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) |
What are the symptoms of Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) ? | Most people with microscopic hematuria do not have symptoms. People with gross hematuria have urine that is pink, red, or cola-colored due to the presence of red blood cells (RBCs). Even a small amount of blood in the urine can cause urine to change color. In most cases, people with gross hematuria do not have other sy... | Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) |
What is (are) Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) ? | The urinary tract is the bodys drainage system for removing wastes and extra water. The urinary tract includes two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder, and a urethra. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located near the middle of the back, just below the rib cage, one on each sid... | Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) |
What causes Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) ? | Hematuria can be caused by menstruation, vigorous exercise, sexual activity, viral illness, trauma, or infection, such as a urinary tract infection (UTI). More serious causes of hematuria include
- cancer of the kidney or bladder - inflammation of the kidney, urethra, bladder, or prostatea walnut-shap... | Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) |
Who is at risk for Hematuria (Blood in the Urine)? ? | Almost anyone, including children and teens, can have hematuria. Factors that increase the chance a person will have hematuria include
- a family history of kidney disease - an enlarged prostate, which typically occurs in men age 50 or older - urinary stone disease - certain medications including as... | Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) |
How to diagnose Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) ? | Hematuria is diagnosed with urinalysis, which is testing of a urine sample. The urine sample is collected in a special container in a health care providers office or commercial facility and can be tested in the same location or sent to a lab for analysis. For the test, a nurse or technician places a strip of chemically... | Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) |
What are the treatments for Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) ? | Hematuria is treated by treating its underlying cause. If no serious condition is causing hematuria, no treatment is needed. Hematuria caused by a UTI is treated with antibiotics; urinalysis should be repeated 6 weeks after antibiotic treatment ends to be sure the infection has resolved. | Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) |
What to do for Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) ? | Eating, diet, and nutrition have not been shown to play a role in causing or preventing hematuria. | Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) |
What to do for Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) ? | - Hematuria is blood in the urine. - Most people with microscopic hematuria do not have symptoms. People with gross hematuria have urine that is pink, red, or cola-colored due to the presence of red blood cells (RBCs). - Hematuria can be caused by menstruation, vigorous exercise, sexual activity, viral illness, traum... | Hematuria (Blood in the Urine) |
What is (are) Urine Blockage in Newborns ? | The urinary tract is the bodys drainage system for removing wastes and extra fluid. The urinary tract includes two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder, and a urethra. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every day, th... | Urine Blockage in Newborns |
What causes Urine Blockage in Newborns ? | Many types of defects in the urinary tract can cause urine blockage:
- Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Most children with VUR are born with a ureter that did not grow long enough during development in the womb. The valve formed by the ureter pressing against the bladder wall does not close properly, so ur... | Urine Blockage in Newborns |
What are the symptoms of Urine Blockage in Newborns ? | Before leaving the hospital, a baby with urine blockage may urinate only small amounts or may not urinate at all. As part of the routine newborn exam, the health care provider may feel an enlarged kidney or find a closed urethra, which may indicate urine blockage. Sometimes urine blockage is not apparent until a child ... | Urine Blockage in Newborns |
What are the complications of Urine Blockage in Newborns ? | When a defect in the urinary tract blocks the flow of urine, the urine backs up and causes the ureters to swell, called hydroureter, and hydronephrosis.
Hydronephrosis is the most common problem found during prenatal ultrasound of a baby in the womb. The swelling may be easy to see or barely detectable... | Urine Blockage in Newborns |
How to diagnose Urine Blockage in Newborns ? | Defects of the urinary tract may be diagnosed before or after the baby is born.
Diagnosis before Birth
Tests during pregnancy can help determine if the baby is developing normally in the womb.
- Ultrasound. Ultrasound uses a device, called a transducer, that bounces sa... | Urine Blockage in Newborns |
What are the treatments for Urine Blockage in Newborns ? | Treatment for urine blockage depends on the cause and severity of the blockage. Hydronephrosis discovered before the baby is born rarely requires immediate action, especially if it is only on one side. The condition often goes away without any treatment before or after birth. The health care provider should keep track ... | Urine Blockage in Newborns |
What to do for Urine Blockage in Newborns ? | Researchers have not found that a mothers eating, diet, and nutrition play a role in causing or preventing urine blockage in newborns. | Urine Blockage in Newborns |
What to do for Urine Blockage in Newborns ? | - Many types of defects in the urinary tract can cause urine blockage: - vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) - ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction - bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), such as posterior urethral valves (PUV) - ureterocele - Some babies are born with genetic conditions that affect several dif... | Urine Blockage in Newborns |
What is (are) What I need to know about Bladder Control for Women ? | Not all bladder control problems are alike. Some problems are caused by weak muscles, while others are caused by damaged nerves. Sometimes the cause may be a medicine that dulls the nerves.
To help solve your problem, your doctor or nurse will try to identify the type of incontinence you have. It may b... | What I need to know about Bladder Control for Women |
What causes What I need to know about Bladder Control for Women ? | Urine leakage has many possible causes. | What I need to know about Bladder Control for Women |
What is (are) What I need to know about Bladder Control for Women ? | Talking about bladder control problems is not easy for some people. You may feel embarrassed to tell your doctor. But talking about the problem is the first step in finding an answer. Also, you can be sure your doctor has heard it all before. You will not shock or embarrass your doctor or nurse.
... | What I need to know about Bladder Control for Women |
What are the treatments for What I need to know about Bladder Control for Women ? | Your doctor will likely offer several treatment choices. Some treatments are as simple as changing some daily habits. Other treatments require taking medicine or using a device. If nothing else seems to work, surgery may help a woman with stress incontinence regain her bladder control.
Talk with your d... | What I need to know about Bladder Control for Women |
What is (are) Glomerular Diseases ? | The two kidneys are bean-shaped organs located just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Everyday, the two kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine, composed of wastes and extra fluid.
Blood enters the kidneys through arteries that branch ins... | Glomerular Diseases |
What is (are) Glomerular Diseases ? | The two kidneys are bean-shaped organs located just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Everyday, the two kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine, composed of wastes and extra fluid.
Blood enters the kidneys through arteries that branch ins... | Glomerular Diseases |
What are the symptoms of Glomerular Diseases ? | The signs and symptoms of glomerular disease include
- albuminuria: large amounts of protein in the urine - hematuria: blood in the urine - reduced glomerular filtration rate: inefficient filtering of wastes from the blood - hypoproteinemia: low blood protein - edema: swelling in parts of the body
... | Glomerular Diseases |
How to diagnose Glomerular Diseases ? | Patients with glomerular disease have significant amounts of protein in the urine, which may be referred to as "nephrotic range" if levels are very high. Red blood cells in the urine are a frequent finding as well, particularly in some forms of glomerular disease. Urinalysis provides information about kidney damage by ... | Glomerular Diseases |
How to diagnose Glomerular Diseases ? | Patients with glomerular disease have significant amounts of protein in the urine, which may be referred to as "nephrotic range" if levels are very high. Red blood cells in the urine are a frequent finding as well, particularly in some forms of glomerular disease. Urinalysis provides information about kidney damage by ... | Glomerular Diseases |
What causes Glomerular Diseases ? | A number of different diseases can result in glomerular disease. It may be the direct result of an infection or a drug toxic to the kidneys, or it may result from a disease that affects the entire body, like diabetes or lupus. Many different kinds of diseases can cause swelling or scarring of the nephron or glomerulus.... | Glomerular Diseases |
What causes Glomerular Diseases ? | A number of different diseases can result in glomerular disease. It may be the direct result of an infection or a drug toxic to the kidneys, or it may result from a disease that affects the entire body, like diabetes or lupus. Many different kinds of diseases can cause swelling or scarring of the nephron or glomerulus.... | Glomerular Diseases |
What is (are) Glomerular Diseases ? | Renal failure is any acute or chronic loss of kidney function and is the term used when some kidney function remains. Total kidney failure, sometimes called end-stage renal disease (ESRD), indicates permanent loss of kidney function. Depending on the form of glomerular disease, renal function may be lost in a matter of... | Glomerular Diseases |
What to do for Glomerular Diseases ? | - The kidneys filter waste and extra fluid from the blood. - The filtering process takes place in the nephron, where microscopic blood vessel filters, called glomeruli, are attached to fluid-collecting tubules. - A number of different disease processes can damage the glomeruli and thereby cause kidney failure. Glomer... | Glomerular Diseases |
What to do for Glomerular Diseases ? | - The kidneys filter waste and extra fluid from the blood. - The filtering process takes place in the nephron, where microscopic blood vessel filters, called glomeruli, are attached to fluid-collecting tubules. - A number of different disease processes can damage the glomeruli and thereby cause kidney failure. Glomer... | Glomerular Diseases |
What is (are) Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | Type 2 diabetes, formerly called adult-onset diabetes, is the most common type of diabetes. About 95 percent of people with diabetes have type 2. People can develop type 2 diabetes at any age, even during childhood. However, this type of diabetes develops most often in middle-aged and older people. People who are overw... | Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes |
How to prevent Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | Yes. The results of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) proved that weight loss through moderate diet changes and physical activity can delay or prevent type 2 diabetes. The DPP was a federally funded study of 3,234 people at high risk for diabetes. This study showed that a 5-to 7-percent weight loss, which for a 200... | Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes |
What is (are) Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | In addition to type 2, the other main types of diabetes are type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes, formerly called juvenile diabetes, is usually first diagnosed in children, teenagers, and young adults. In this type of diabetes, your pancreas can no ... | Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes |
What are the symptoms of Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | The signs and symptoms of type 2 diabetes can be so mild that you might not even notice them. Nearly 7 million people in the United States have type 2 diabetes and dont know they have the disease. Many have no signs or symptoms. Some people have symptoms but do not suspect diabetes.
Symptoms include
... | Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes |
Who is at risk for Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes? ? | To find out your risk for type 2 diabetes, check each item that applies to you.
- I am age 45 or older. - I am overweight or obese. - I have a parent, brother, or sister with diabetes. - My family background is African American, Alaska Native, American Indian, Asian American, Hispanic/Latino, or Pac... | Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes |
Who is at risk for Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes? ? | You can do a lot to reduce your risk of getting type 2 diabetes. Being more physically active, reducing fat and calorie intake, and losing a little weight can help you lower your chances of developing type 2 diabetes. Taking the diabetes medicine metformin can also reduce risk, particularly in younger and heavier peopl... | Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes |
Who is at risk for Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes? ? | Making big changes in your life is hard, especially if you are faced with more than one change. You can make it easier by taking these steps:
- Make a plan to change behavior. - Decide exactly what you will do and give yourself a time frame. - Plan what you need to get ready. - Track your goals and ... | Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes |
What to do for Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes ? | Your eating, diet, and nutrition choices play an important role in preventing or delaying diabetes. Follow the suggestions below to reach and maintain a reasonable weight and make wise food choices most of the time. Remember that it can take time to change your habits and be patient with yourself. You can also get help... | Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes? Taking Steps to Lower Your Risk of Getting Diabetes |
What is (are) Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes ? | Insulin is a hormone made in the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. The pancreas contains clusters of cells called islets. Beta cells within the islets make insulin and release it into the blood.
Insulin plays a major role in metabolismthe way the body uses digested food for energy. The dig... | Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes |
What is (are) Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes ? | Insulin resistance is a condition in which the body produces insulin but does not use it effectively. When people have insulin resistance, glucose builds up in the blood instead of being absorbed by the cells, leading to type 2 diabetes or prediabetes.
Most people with insulin resistance don't know the... | Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes |
What causes Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes ? | Although the exact causes of insulin resistance are not completely understood, scientists think the major contributors to insulin resistance are excess weight and physical inactivity.
Excess Weight
Some experts believe obesity, especially excess fat around the waist, is a primary cause... | Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes |
What is (are) Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes ? | Prediabetes is a condition in which blood glucose or A1C levelswhich reflect average blood glucose levelsare higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of diabetes. Prediabetes is becoming more common in the United States. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services estimates that at least 86 million U... | Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes |
What are the symptoms of Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes ? | Insulin resistance and prediabetes usually have no symptoms. People may have one or both conditions for several years without knowing they have them. Even without symptoms, health care providers can identify people at high risk by their physical characteristics, also known as risk factors. The section "Who should be te... | Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes |
What is (are) Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes ? | Metabolic syndrome, also called insulin resistance syndrome, is a group of traits and medical conditions linked to overweight and obesity that puts people at risk for both CVD and type 2 diabetes. Metabolic syndrome is defined* as the presence of any three of the following2:
- large waist sizewaist mea... | Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes |
How to diagnose Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes ? | Health care providers use blood tests to determine whether a person has prediabetes, but they do not usually test specifically for insulin resistance. Insulin resistance can be assessed by measuring the level of insulin in the blood.
However, the test that most accurately measures insulin resistance, c... | Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes |
What to do for Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes ? | Adopting healthy eating habits can help people lose a modest amount of weight and reverse insulin resistance. Experts encourage people to slowly adopt healthy eating habits that they can maintain, rather than trying extreme weight-loss solutions. People may need to get help from a dietitian or join a weight-loss progra... | Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes |
What to do for Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes ? | - Insulin is a hormone that helps cells throughout the body absorb glucose and use it for energy. Insulin resistance is a condition in which the body produces insulin but does not use it effectively. - Insulin resistance increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. - The major contributors to ins... | Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes |
What is (are) I Can Lower My Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Guide for American Indians ? | Diabetes causes blood glucose levels to be above normal. People with diabetes have problems converting food to energy. After food is eaten, it is broken down into a sugar called glucose. Glucose is then carried by the blood to cells throughout the body. The hormone insulin, made in the pancreas, helps the body change b... | I Can Lower My Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Guide for American Indians |
What are the symptoms of I Can Lower My Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Guide for American Indians ? | Many people have no visible signs or symptoms of diabetes. Symptoms can also be so mild that you might not notice them. More than 5 million people in the United States have type 2 diabetes and do not know it.
- increased thirst - increased hunger - fatigue - increased urination, especially at nigh... | I Can Lower My Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Guide for American Indians |
Who is at risk for I Can Lower My Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Guide for American Indians? ? | - My mother had diabetes when I was born. - I am overweight. - I have a parent, brother, or sister with diabetes. - My family background is American Indian. - I have had gestational diabetes, or I gave birth to at least one baby weighing more than 9 pounds. - My blood pressure is 140/90 mmHg or higher, or I have ... | I Can Lower My Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Guide for American Indians |
Who is at risk for I Can Lower My Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Guide for American Indians? ? | - Reach and maintain a reasonable body weight. - Make wise food choices most of the time. - Be physically active every day. - Take your prescribed medicines.
Doing these things can reduce your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Keeping your blood pressure and cholesterol on target also helps you st... | I Can Lower My Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Guide for American Indians |
What is (are) Renal Artery Stenosis ? | Renal artery stenosis is the narrowing of one or both renal arteries. Renal means kidney and stenosis means narrowing. The renal arteries are blood vessels that carry blood to the kidneys from the aortathe main blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to arteries throughout the body.
RVH is high ... | Renal Artery Stenosis |
What is (are) Renal Artery Stenosis ? | The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every day, the two kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine, composed of wastes and extra fluid. | Renal Artery Stenosis |
What causes Renal Artery Stenosis ? | About 90 percent of RAS is caused by atherosclerosisclogging, narrowing, and hardening of the renal arteries.2 In these cases, RAS develops when plaquea sticky substance made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other material found in the bloodbuilds up on the inner wall of one or both renal arteries. Plaque buildup i... | Renal Artery Stenosis |
Who is at risk for Renal Artery Stenosis? ? | People at risk for artherosclerosis are also at risk for RAS. Risk factors for RAS caused by artherosclerosis include
- high blood cholesterol levels - high blood pressure - smoking - insulin resistance - diabetes - being overweight or obese - lack of physical activity - a diet high in fat, chol... | Renal Artery Stenosis |
What are the symptoms of Renal Artery Stenosis ? | In many cases, RAS has no symptoms until it becomes severe.
The signs of RAS are usually either high blood pressure or decreased kidney function, or both, but RAS is often overlooked as a cause of high blood pressure. RAS should be considered as a cause of high blood pressure in people who
... | Renal Artery Stenosis |
What are the complications of Renal Artery Stenosis ? | People with RAS are at increased risk for complications resulting from loss of kidney function or atherosclerosis occurring in other blood vessels, such as
- chronic kidney disease (CKD)reduced kidney function over a period of time - coronary artery diseasenarrowing and hardening of arteries that supp... | Renal Artery Stenosis |
How to diagnose Renal Artery Stenosis ? | A health care provider can diagnose RAS by listening to the abdomen with a stethoscope and performing imaging tests. When blood flows through a narrow artery, it sometimes makes a whooshing sound, called a bruit. The health care provider may place a stethoscope on the front or the side of the abdomen to listen for this... | Renal Artery Stenosis |
What are the treatments for Renal Artery Stenosis ? | Treatment for RAS includes lifestyle changes, medications, and surgery and aims to
- prevent RAS from getting worse - treat RVH - relieve the blockage of the renal arteries
RAS that has not led to RVH or caused a significant blockage of the artery may not need treatment. RAS that nee... | Renal Artery Stenosis |
What to do for Renal Artery Stenosis ? | Limiting intake of fats, cholesterol, sodium, and sugar can help prevent atherosclerosis, which can lead to RAS. Most sodium in the diet comes from salt. A healthy diet that prevents people from becoming overweight or obese can also help prevent atherosclerosis. People with RAS that has caused decreased kidney function... | Renal Artery Stenosis |
What to do for Renal Artery Stenosis ? | - Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is the narrowing of one or both renal arteries. The renal arteries are blood vessels that carry blood to the kidneys from the aortathe main blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to arteries throughout the body. - Renovascular hypertension (RVH) is high blood pressure caused by RA... | Renal Artery Stenosis |
What is (are) Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease ? | Amyloidosis is a rare disease that occurs when amyloid proteins are deposited in tissues and organs. Amyloid proteins are abnormal proteins that the body cannot break down and recycle, as it does with normal proteins. When amyloid proteins clump together, they form amyloid deposits. The buildup of these deposits damage... | Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease |
What is (are) Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease ? | The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every day, the two kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood to produce about 1 to 2 quarts of urine, composed of wastes and extra fluid. The urine flows from the kidneys... | Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease |
What is (are) Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease ? | Primary amyloidosis and dialysis-related amyloidosis are the types of amyloidosis that can affect the kidneys.
Primary Amyloidosis of the Kidneys
The kidneys are the organs most commonly affected by primary amyloidosis. Amyloid deposits damage the kidneys and make it harder for them to... | Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease |
What are the symptoms of Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease ? | The most common sign of primary amyloidosis of the kidneys is nephrotic syndromea collection of signs that indicate kidney damage. The signs of nephrotic syndrome include
- albuminuriaan increased amount of albumin, a protein, in the urine. A person with nephrotic syndrome excretes more than half a tea... | Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease |
What are the symptoms of Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease ? | The symptoms of dialysis-related amyloidosis may include
- pain, stiffness, and fluid in the joints. - abnormal, fluid-containing sacs, called cysts, in some bones. - carpal tunnel syndrome, caused by unusual buildup of amyloid proteins in the wrists. The symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome include nu... | Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease |
How to diagnose Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease ? | A health care provider diagnoses primary amyloidosis of the kidneys with
- a medical and family history - a physical exam - urinalysis - blood tests - a kidney biopsy
Medical and Family History
Taking a medical and family history may help a health care provider dia... | Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease |
How to diagnose Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease ? | A health care provider diagnoses dialysis-related amyloidosis with
- urinalysis - blood tests - imaging tests
A health care provider can use urinalysis and blood tests to detect the amount of amyloid proteins in urine and blood. Imaging tests, such as x-rays and CT scans, can provide... | Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease |
What are the treatments for Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease ? | A health care provider treats primary amyloidosis of the kidneys with the following:
- medication therapy, including chemotherapy - a stem cell transplant - treating other conditions
Medication therapy. The goal of medication therapy, including chemotherapy, is to reduce amyloid prot... | Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease |
What are the treatments for Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease ? | A health care provider treats dialysis-related amyloidosis with
- medication therapy - newer, more effective hemodialysis filters - surgery - a kidney transplant
The goal of medication therapy and the use of newer, more effective hemodialysis filters is to reduce amyloid protein lev... | Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease |
What to do for Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease ? | Researchers have not found that eating, diet, and nutrition play a role in causing or preventing primary amyloidosis of the kidneys or dialysis-related amyloidosis. People with nephrotic syndrome may make dietary changes such as
- limiting dietary sodium, often from salt, to help reduce edema and lower... | Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease |
What to do for Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease ? | - Amyloidosis is a rare disease that occurs when amyloid proteins are deposited in tissues and organs. - Primary amyloidosis and dialysis-related amyloidosis are the types of amyloidosis that can affect the kidneys. - The most common sign of primary amyloidosis of the kidneys is nephrotic syndrome. - The signs of ne... | Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease |
What is (are) Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease ? | You and your doctor will work together to choose a treatment that's best for you. The publications of the NIDDK Kidney Failure Series can help you learn about the specific issues you will face.
Booklets
- What I need to know about Kidney Failure and How its Treated - Treatment Methods... | Amyloidosis and Kidney Disease |
What is (are) Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | Primary biliary cirrhosis is a chronic, or long lasting, disease that causes the small bile ducts in the liver to become inflamed and damaged and ultimately disappear.
The bile ducts carry a fluid called bile from the liver to the gallbladder, where it is stored. When food enters the stomach after a me... | Primary Biliary Cirrhosis |
What causes Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | The causes of primary biliary cirrhosis are unknown. Most research suggests it is an autoimmune disease. The immune system protects people from infection by identifying and destroying bacteria, viruses, and other potentially harmful foreign substances. An autoimmune disease is a disorder in which the bodys immune syste... | Primary Biliary Cirrhosis |
What are the symptoms of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | The first and most common symptoms of primary biliary cirrhosis are
- fatigue, or feeling tired - itching skin, and darkened skin in itching areas due to scratching - dry eyes and mouth
Some people may have jaundice, a condition that causes the skin and whites of the eyes to turn yel... | Primary Biliary Cirrhosis |
What are the complications of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | Most complications of primary biliary cirrhosis are related to cirrhosis and start after primary biliary cirrhosis progresses to cirrhosis. In some cases, portal hypertension and esophageal varices may develop before cirrhosis.
Portal hypertension. The portal vein carries blood from the stomach, intest... | Primary Biliary Cirrhosis |
How to diagnose Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | A health care provider may use the following tests to diagnose primary biliary cirrhosis:
- a medical and family history - a physical exam - blood tests - imaging tests - a liver biopsy
A health care provider usually bases a diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis on two out of thre... | Primary Biliary Cirrhosis |
What are the treatments for Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | Treatment for primary biliary cirrhosis depends on how early a health care provider diagnoses the disease and whether complications are present. In the early stages of primary biliary cirrhosis, treatment can slow the progression of liver damage to cirrhosis. In the early stages of cirrhosis, the goals of treatment are... | Primary Biliary Cirrhosis |
What to do for Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | A healthy diet is important in all stages of cirrhosis because malnutrition is common in people with this disease. Malnutrition is a condition that occurs when the body does not get enough nutrients. Cirrhosis may lead to malnutrition because it can cause
- people to eat less because of symptoms such a... | Primary Biliary Cirrhosis |
What to do for Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ? | - Primary biliary cirrhosis is a chronic disease that causes the small bile ducts in the liver to become inflamed and damaged and ultimately disappear. - When chronic inflammation damages the bile ducts, bile and toxic wastes build up in the liver, damaging liver tissue. This damage to the liver tissue can lead to cir... | Primary Biliary Cirrhosis |
What is (are) Proteinuria ? | Proteinuriaalso called albuminuria or urine albuminis a condition in which urine contains an abnormal amount of protein. Albumin is the main protein in the blood. Proteins are the building blocks for all body parts, including muscles, bones, hair, and nails. Proteins in the blood also perform a number of important func... | Proteinuria |
Who is at risk for Proteinuria? ? | People with diabetes, hypertension, or certain family backgrounds are at risk for proteinuria. In the United States, diabetes is the leading cause of ESRD.1 In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, albumin in the urine is one of the first signs of deteriorating kidney function. As kidney function declines, the amount of alb... | Proteinuria |
What are the symptoms of Proteinuria ? | Proteinuria has no signs or symptoms in the early stages. Large amounts of protein in the urine may cause it to look foamy in the toilet. Also, because protein has left the body, the blood can no longer soak up enough fluid, so swelling in the hands, feet, abdomen, or face may occur. This swelling is called edema. Thes... | Proteinuria |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.