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1701.00384 | \section{Introduction}
User equipment (UE), e.g., smartphone, tablet, wearable device, and digital camera, is playing an important role in new application scenarios such as virtual reality, augmented reality and surveillance systems. While resource-constrained UE components such as CPU, GPU, memory, storage, and batte... |
2112.02368 | \section{Introduction}
\vspace{-0.5cm}
Stochastic optimal control problems involving Markov processes have been extensively studied \cite{bertsekas:measurableselection, elliott:hmm, soner:controlledprocess, gihman:controlledprocess, zhenting:controlledprocess}. The most common methods in solving these control probl... |
1905.07574 | \section{Introduction} \label{int}
\section{Introduction} \label{int}
Cabling on classical braids has been used for establishing the fundamental connections between the homotopy groups and the theory of Brunnian braids~\cite{BCWW} as well as a relationship between associators (for quasi-triangular quasi-Hopf alge... |
2204.10004 | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Background}
A Seifert surface for an oriented knot $K\subset S^3$ is a connected compact oriented surface $F\subset S^3$ with $\partial F=K$. Recall \cite[Chapter~VIII]{Ro90} that the corresponding Seifert form is defined as
\[ \begin{array}{rcl} \h_1(S)\times \h_1(S)&\to & \mathbb{... |
2204.10101 | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
The time evolution of quantum systems is represented by non-equal time correlators of the form
\begin{equation}
\label{eqn:expectation}
\langle \hat{\mathcal{O}}(t_1) \hat{\mathcal{O}}(t_2) \rangle = \text{Tr}\left( \hat{\mathcal{O}}(t_1) \hat{\mathcal{O}}(t_2) \hat{\rho}\ri... |
1402.7176 | \section{Introduction. Basic formulas and results}
The physical system on which we will focus is a free massless scalar quantum field theory defined over the finite interval $[0,L]$. The quantum Hamiltonian that describes the one particle states of this quantum field theory is given by the Laplace operator over the f... |
2211.10720 | \section{Introduction}
Reaction-diffusion systems are ubiquitous, and widely appear in nature,
from physics (fluid instability, reacting flow), to chemistry (autocatalytic reaction, flame propagation) to biology (population dynamics, excitable media).
These systems can generate, under certain conditions, different k... |
1609.00111 | \section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
In \cite{MR1013073} Oguiso studied the Kummer surface $\mathcal{Y}=\operatorname{Kum}(\mathcal{E}_1\times \mathcal{E}_2)$ obtained by the minimal resolution of the quotient surface of the product abelian surface $\mathcal{E}_1\times \mathcal{E}_2$ by the inversion automorph... |
1609.00178 | \section*{Figure captions}}
\begin{figure*}[p]
\center
\resizebox{10cm}{!}{\includegraphics{fig1.pdf}}
\caption{Close-up view of the bipolar planetary nebula Henize~2--428. This 2 hour-deep image in H$\alpha$ 656.3~nm was observed with the INT/WFC. North is up and East is to the left.}
\label{Fp}
\end{figure*}
\beg... |
2009.07868 | \section{Introduction}
Linear optical quantum computing (LOQC) \cite{kok_linear_2007} has gained tremendous momentum since its inception in the early 2000s, when Knill, Laflamme and Milburn (KLM) showed that it is possible to implement the two-photon interactions necessary for quantum computation by means of post-selec... |
1708.06469 | \section{Introduction}
\label{s:intro}
DNA computing provides relatively new paradigms of computation \cite{Adleman,Paun} from the end of the last century. In contrast, automata theory is one of the base of computer science. Watson-Crick-automata (abbreviated as WK automata), as a branch of DNA computing was introduced... |
1708.06647 | \section{Introduction}
Accurate prediction of electronic conductivity in dense plasmas has proved
to be a challenging problem. One approach is to use density functional theory molecular
dynamics (DFT-MD) coupled with the
Kubo-Greenwood formalism \cite{desjarlais02, desjarlais17, sjostrom15, holst11, french14, hu14}.
T... |
2006.14207 | \section{Introduction}
Pedestrian emergency evacuation is a movement of people from a place of danger to a safer place in case of life-threatening incidents such as fire and terrorist attacks. Numerical simulation has been a popular approach to perform pedestrian emergency evacuation studies, for instance, predicting t... |
1812.06984 | \section{Convergence Testing}
\label{sec:convergence}
We test the convergence of the two scaling relations plotted in Figs.~\ref{fig:sfms} and \ref{fig:mz} in Fig.~\ref{fig:convergence}. We show the weighed median relations for the simulation volumes used in this study (Ref100 and RecHi25), as well as the RefL025N0376... |
1602.02449 | \section{Introduction}
The effect of a magnetic field on electrons in crystals is fascinating and one of the
basic problems of solid state physics.
Although the fundamental principles are simple, our understanding of this
problem has been far from complete
due to the complicated matrix elements between differen... |
1708.08561 | \section*{Abstract}
{\bf
Holographic states that have a well-defined geometric dual in AdS/CFT are not faithfully represented by Haar-typical states in finite-dimensional models. As such, trying to apply principles and lessons from Haar-random ensembles of states to holographic states can lead to apparent puzzles and ... |
1708.08881 | \section{Introduction}
This note is motivated to understand
in terms of categorical viewpoint
the recent work of Morton and Samuelson \cite{MS}
establishing the algebra isomorphism between
the torus skein algebra and the elliptic Hall algebra.
In the late 1980s, Turaev \cite{Turaev:ASMP, Turaev}
introduc... |
2212.09575 | \section{Introduction}
The charged and neutral $B \to K \mu^+ \mu^-$ decays are powerful probes to test the Standard Model of particle physics (SM) and to search for New Physics (NP). For several years, these decays and similar processes originating from the same $b\to s\mu^+\mu^-$ quark-level transition have exhibited... |
2005.12826 | \section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
It is a mystery how different brain regions to be optimized jointly.
In this article, we propose a brain-like heterogeneous network(BHN) simulating the multi-module structure of the brain.
We use three hypothesises in this article:
\begin{enumerate}
\item The brain is a mac... |
1803.06171 | \section{Introduction}
One of the many quantum bit implementations is based on spin of an electron or hole trapped in a semiconductor nanodevice \cite{ref1,ref2,ref3}. Such a device must be built in a way, that allows performing several fundamental operations, namely: initialization, manipulation and readout \cite{ref4... |
1803.06252 | \section{Introduction}
Extracting information from historical handwritten text documents in an optimal and efficient way is still a challenge to solve, since text in these kind of documents are not as simple to read as printed characters or modern handwritten calligraphies \cite{VeronicaRomero2016}, \cite{Toselli:2... |
1110.0253 | \section{Introduction}
Let $D$ be a squarefree integer, $D\neq 0,1$, and let $K= \mb{Q}(\sqrt{D})$
be the corresponding quadratic field. The fundamental discriminant $d$ of $K$ equals
$D$ if $D = 1 \mod 4$, and $4D$ if $D = 2,3 \mod 4$.
Let $\chi_d(n)$ be the Kronecker symbol $\kr{d}{n}$,
and $L\pr{s,\chi_d}$ the quad... |
2204.12411 | \section{Introduction}
The notion of entropy is more involved in quantum systems than in classical systems as it also
includes the information of potential entanglement with another set of dynamical degrees of freedom. This can be another system with which it is (weakly) coupled, the environment, or the measurement ... |
1809.00738 | \section{Introduction}
In its most concrete form, a \emph{lens} $S \ensuremath{\,\mathaccent\shortmid\rightarrow\,} A$ is a pair of maps ${\textsc{Get} : S \to A}$ and ${\textsc{Put} : S \times A \to S}$. From an engineering standpoint, such a lens allows us to ``zoom in'' on $S$ to focus on a small part $A$, manipula... |
1809.05338 | \section*{Abstract}
The set $\mathfrak{L}$ of infinite-dimensional, symmetric stable tail dependence functions associated with exchangeable max-stable sequences of random variables with unit Fr\'echet margins is shown to be a simplex. Except for a single element, the extremal boundary of $\mathfrak{L}$ is in one-to-one... |
0903.5339 | \section{Introduction}
The main motivation behind this paper is the question of the global well-posedness of the DKG system in dimensions higher than one. This is a relativistic field model that describes nuclear interactions of subatomic particles and plays an important role in the relativistic quantum electrodynamics... |
0903.4124 | \section{General Remarks}
Many attempts to construct a gauge model of gravitation exist. In particular, the works by Utiyama \cite{utiyama56} and by Kibble \cite{kibble61} were the starting points for various gauge approaches to gravitation (as discussed in Section 2). As a result, Poincar\'e gauge theory (PGT), see \c... |
0903.4645 | \section{Preliminaries}
{\defi \label{def1}\textbf{Pre-Crystalline Graded Ring}\\
Let $A$ be an associative ring with unit $1_A$. Let $G$ be an arbitrary group. Consider an injection $u: G \rightarrow A$ with $u_e = 1_A$, where $e$ is the neutral element of $G$ and $u_g \neq 0$, $\forall g \in G$. Let $R \subset A... |
0903.4417 | \section{Introduccion}
Radio Galaxies are identified with strong radio sources in the range of $10^{41}$ to $10^{46}erg/s$. Most of them are giant elliptical galaxies that contain little dense and cold interstellar medium (ISM) (\cite{Kellerman88}). They have been detected in the far infra red (FIR), which is assumed t... |
1704.02628 | \subsection{Method subsection.}
\subsection{Infrared imaging of the burst.}
\label{sec:irimaging}
Near-infrared imaging at various epochs was performed with PANIC~\citep{baumeister} at the Calar Alto 2.2-m telescope and the Gamma-Ray Burst Optical/Near-Infrared Detector (GROND)~\citep{greiner} at the La Silla 2.2-... |
2103.02876 | \section{The comparison of the $^{125}$T\MakeLowercase{e}-NMR spectrum with the previous report}
Figure \ref{FigS.1} shows normal-state $^{125}$Te-NMR spectra of a $^{125}$Te-enriched sample used on this measurement and of a natural-Te sample used on the previous measurement\cite{NakamineJPSJ2019}.
The NMR-signal inte... |
2209.13271 | \section{Introduction}
Let ${\boldsymbol x}_\star({\boldsymbol \theta})$ be a function defined implicitly as the solution to an optimization problem, \mbox{${\boldsymbol x}_\star({\boldsymbol \theta}) = \argmin_{{\boldsymbol x} \in {\mathbb R}^d} f({\boldsymbol x}, {\boldsymbol \theta})$}.
Implicitly defined functi... |
astro-ph/9311051 | \section*{Abstract}
We review how the various large-scale data constrain cosmological parameters
and, consequently, theories for the origin of large-scale structure in the
Universe. We discuss the form of the power spectrum implied by the correlation
data of galaxies and argue by comparing the velocity field implied by... |
1506.00277 | \section{Introduction}
In a symmetrical key cryptosystem, such as AES (Advanced Encryption
Standard), two users Alice and Bob must first agree on a common secret
key {[}1{]}. If Alice communicates the secret key to Bob, a third
party, Eve, might intercept the key, and decrypt the messages. In
order to avoid such a sit... |
1506.00092 | \section{Introduction \& Motivation}
The astonishing amount of information available on the Web
and the highly variable quality of its content generate the need for an absolute measure of importance for Web pages, that can be used to improve the performance of Web search. Link Analysis algorithms such as the celebra... |
2105.08641 | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Setting the problem}
It is a common wisdom that spectral properties of second-order differential operators and Jacobi operators are in many respects similar. Recently this analogy was used in articles \cite{Y/LD, JLR} to recover known and obtain some new results for
Jacobi operators... |
astro-ph/0611353 | \section{Introduction}
The increasingly significant evidence for the dark universe has established a strong paradigm in cosmology, in which the dynamics of the universe at the largest scales are governed by two components of energy which, up to this point, have only been observed by their gravitational consequences \ci... |
2206.05758 | \section{Introduction}
We say a projective planar graph $G$ is \textit{separating projective planar} if for every embedding of $G$ into $\mathbb{R}P^2$, there is a disk bounding cycle $C$ in $G$ such that one vertex of $G$ is in one connected component of ${\mathbb{R}P}^2\setminus C$ and another vertex of $G$ is in th... |
2206.05827 | \chapter*{Preface}
This textbook is intended for use by students of physics, physical
chemistry, and theoretical chemistry. The reader is presumed to have a
basic knowledge of atomic and quantum physics at the level provided, for
example, by the first few chapters in our book {\it The Physics of Atoms
and Quanta}. The ... |
0910.5941 | \section{Introduction}
The revised edition of a monograph devoted to the two-band theory of superconductivity \cite{1}, published to honor the $80^\text{th}$ birthday
celebration of Professor Vsevolod Moskalenko (September 26, 2008), provides us the opportunity of some comments concerning two classical papers,
publis... |
0910.5474 | \section{Introduction}
While laboratory experiments, solar systems tests and cosmological
observations have all been in complete agreement with General Relativity
for now almost a century, these bounds do not eliminate the
possibility for the graviton to bear a small hard mass $m\lesssim
6.10^{-32}$eV, \cite{Goldhaber... |
0910.5442 | \section{Introduction}\label{sect:intro}
The Veblen functions on ordinals are well-known and commonly used in
proof theory. Proof theorists know that these functions have an
interesting and complex behavior that allows them to build ordinals
that are large enough to calibrate the consistency strength of
different log... |
1107.2451 | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:int}
Recently, since the developments of both hardware and software
in computer science enable us to simulate complex
physical processes numerically, such computer simulations
become more important from industrial viewpoints.
Especially
the computation of the incompressible ... |
1107.1854 | \section{Introduction}
Much more than simple barriers, membranes play an active role in many biological phenomena, in particular when they bend and curve into a multitude of shapes~\cite{McMahon05,Zimmerberg06}. Indeed, each membrane shape is coupled to a specific function, and the diversity and dynamics of these shap... |
1107.2449 | \section{Introduction}
An analysis of the two oldest Hamiltonian formulations of the second-order
Einstein-Hilbert (EH) action for metric General Relativity (i.e. Pirani,
Schild, and Skinner (PSS) \cite{PSS}; and Dirac \cite{Dirac}), was completed
in \cite{KKRV, Myths}. Using the approach of Castellani \cite{Cast... |
1104.5208 | \section{Introduction}
The chemistry of the interstellar medium can be roughly divided into two types:
gas phase chemistry and grain surface chemistry. The two types of chemistry are
coupled by the adsorption and desorption processes.
Species adsorbed on the grain surface migrate in a random walk manner, and they
may ... |
2012.13279 | \section{Introduction}
{Suppose $P_n(x)$, for $n\in\mathbb{N}$,
is a sequence of \textit{classical} orthogonal polynomials (such as Hermite, Laguerre and Jacobi polynomials), then $P_n(x)$ is a solution of a second-order ordinary differential equation\ of the form}
\begin{equation} \label{eq:Pn}
\sigma(x)\deriv[2]{P_n... |
2012.13188 | \section{Introduction}
Nowadays, computers role an essential part of human life and penetrate in general aspects of people's personal and social lives. Mass-produces and increased availability of personal computers have a growing impact on daily human life. One of Human-computer Interaction (HCI) purposes is to control... |
1510.03969 | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Neutron stars (NSs) are among the most compact, dense
and neutron-rich objects known in the Universe. The typical surface
compactness parameter of NSs is of the order of $\eta_{R} \equiv
2GM/Rc^2 \approx 0.4$, which is 5 orders of magnitudes larger than
that at the surface of the ... |
1510.04274 | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The character of the galaxy assembly in the constellation of Antlia is
not as clear as, for example, in the cases of the Virgo or Fornax galaxy
clusters. Some authors used the term "galaxy group" \citep{fer90}, others
"galaxy cluster" \citep{hop85,smi08a}, and
\citet{hop85} ... |
1510.03886 | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
The rough contact mechanics of solids exhibiting graded rheology at confinement is
of major interest for both technological (e.g. seals, rubber friction, tribology of protective coatings)
and biological (tissue engineering, bio-lubrication in the-bone cartilage contact)... |
1806.03847 | \section{GAN architectures}
\begin{table}[h]
\normalsize
\centering
\caption{\small Hidden layers structures and configurations for MMC-GAN }\label{tab:config}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|l|}
\hline
Num. &GAN & $100$, $100$, $100$, $100$ \\
\cline{2-3}
nodes &CGAN & $100$, $100$, $100$, $100$ \\
\cline{2-3}
(G) &WGAN & $... |
1806.03844 | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
Let us consider a typical cluster sampling design: the
entire population consists of different clusters, and the
probability for each cluster to be selected into a sample is
known. The sum of sample elements is then equal to
$S=w_1S_1+w_2S_2+\cdots+w_NS_N$. Here, $S_i$ is the s... |
1408.6109 | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The increasing density of wireless networks, due to the proliferation of mobile devices, leverages the deployment of cooperative systems, where the communication between a source and a destination takes place via intermediate relay nodes. The incorporation of multiple relays ca... |
physics/0603044 | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
There has been a growing interest in the study of social phenomena
through the use of tools from statistical physics
\cite{Forsythe1996,Stanley1999,Stauffer2000,Stauffer2003}. This
trend has been in part stimulated by developments in complex networks
\cite{Barabasi2002,Dorogov... |
physics/0603112 | \section{Symptoms of a crisis in the foundations of particle theory}
There can be no doubt that after almost a century of impressive success,
fundamental physics is in the midst of a deep crisis. Its epicenter is in
particle theory, but its repercussions may even influence the direction of
experimental particle physic... |
math/0603294 | \section{Introduction}
Completely integrable multidimensional Partial Differential
Equations (PDEs) represent attractive subject of intensive study during
last decades after the paper \cite{GGKM}. This popularity is due to
their remarkable mathematical properties and variety of physical
applications, which may be found... |
2103.08474 | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{Example_bitype_tree}
\caption{Normal game on a bi-type tree}
\label{normal_illus}
\end{figure}
\sloppy This paper is dedicated to the analysis of three well-known games -- the \emph{normal}, th... |
1412.7517 | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
According to the definition of the Handbook \cite{FouqueLangsam2013aa}, systemic risk is the risk of a disruption of the proper functioning of the market which results in the reduction of the growth of the world's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In economics, a system such as a m... |
1601.00205 | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Background}
A measure-preserving transformation is an automorphism of a standard Lebesgue space. Formally, it is a quadruple $(X, \mathcal{B}, \mu, T)$, where
\begin{enumerate}
\item $(X, \mathcal{B}, \mu)$ is a measure space isomorphic to the unit interval with the Lebesgue measu... |
1504.07721 | \section{Introduction}
In model theory, strong types and Lascar types are important objects to understand invariant equivalence relations in a theory. Let $T=T^{eq}$ be a theory and ${\mathcal C}$ be a monster model of $T$. Let $A$ be a small set in ${\mathcal C}$. We say that an equivalence relation $E$ is {\em finite... |
1504.07756 | \section{Introduction}
It is well known that the class $\mathcal{B}(H)$ of all bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space $H$ can be organized as a $C^*$~-~algebra, and any $C^*$~-~algebra embeds isometrically in such an operator algebra. At the same time, because the above algebra $\mathcal{B}(H)$ is the dual of t... |
1504.01312 | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Nanocomposite films made of nano-sized metallic particles embedded in an insulating matrix display peculiar
electron transport regimes depending on the relative amount of the metallic phase compared to the insulating one.
Above a critical concentration $x_c$ of the metallic pha... |
2006.10884 | \section{Introduction}
Sleeping well is an essential part of living healthy. The quality of sleep affects the health state of all individuals \cite{Nag2018Cross-modalEstimation} \cite{Nag2020HealthEstimation}. Sleep quality is most often understood as the feeling one has when they wake up in the morning. While it is im... |
2208.13795 | \section{Introduction}
Without dynamical gravity, correlation functions measured in black hole backgrounds decay all the way to zero for late times. However, as pointed out initially by Maldacena \cite{Maldacena:2001kr}, in any full theory of quantum gravity this should not be possible. This is because black holes them... |
1909.07226 | \section{Introduction}
In aperture synthesis radio astronomy an image of the sky brightness distribution is reconstructed from measured visibilities.
A visibility is the correlation coefficient between the electric field at two different locations.
The relationship between the sky brightness distribution and the expec... |
2103.11589 | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The vulnerability of neural networks to adversarial attack has been plaguing machine learning researchers ever since the discovery by Szegedy et al. \cite{szegedy2014intriguing}. In the years since, many research efforts have been geared towards making neural networks robust to... |
2112.13525 | \section{Introduction}
Importance of the representation theory of infinite dimensional Lie algebras are well known in both mathematics and physics. Many mathematicians studied representations for the Lie algebra of the derivation algebra of $A=\mathbb C[t_1^{\pm 1}, t_2^{\pm 1},...,t_n^{\pm 1}]$, so called Witt algebra... |
2112.13638 | \section{Introduction}
Quantum information processing has attracted increasing attention recently due to its great potential and profound implications.
To harness the power of quantum information processing, it is crucial to verify the underlying quantum states and devices efficiently based on the accessible measurem... |
1809.03807 | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Bow shock pulsar wind nebulae (BSPWNe) are a particular type of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), usually associated with old pulsars that have emerged from their progenitor supernova remnant \citep{Bucciantini:2001,Gaensler_Slane06a}.
It has been estimated that a considerable frac... |
1809.03838 | \section*{Highlights}
\begin{itemize}
\item New algorithm for placing hydraulic control structures in drainage
networks.
\item Attenuates downstream hydrograph by de-synchronizing tributary flows.
\item Algorithm is fast and requires only digital elevation data.
\end{itemize}
\section{Introductio... |
2006.13189 | \section{Introduction}\label{section: Introduction}
\vskip-8pt
With increasing success in reinforcement learning (RL), there is broad interest in applying these methods to real-world settings. This has brought exciting progress in offline RL and off-policy policy evaluation (OPPE). These methods allow one to leverage ... |
2104.13607 | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
An active particle (or microswimmer), be it a living cell or a synthetic swimmer, converts the internal or ambient free energy into work as it moves through a viscous fluid \citep{Lauga2009,bechinger16,gompper2020}.
From a broad hydrodynamic perspective, the physics behind the ... |
1303.7376 | \section{Introduction}
The Einsteinean gravity is self-contained and links universally to all particles including photons. In contrast, Newtonian gravity affects massive particles but the massless ones behave as they felt no gravitation \cite{ND1}. Moreover, in the classical gravity it is impossible to cancel everywhe... |
2010.06075 | \section{Introduction}
Although field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is known to provide a high-performance and energy-efficient solution for many applications, there is one class of applications where FPGA is generally known to be less competitive: memory-bound applications (e.g., ~\cite{guo2019hardware,Chi2018,qia... |
1406.3696 | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec_introduction}
\afterassignment\docappar\noexpand\let\a Spatial tessellations
are of interest because of their wide applicability.
The perhaps simplest model of a disordered cellular structure
is the Poisson-Voronoi tessellation
obtained by constructing
Voronoi cells around point-... |
1805.06994 | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
In this survey, we will be interested in gaining an insight into
asymptotic properties of chaotic group actions. There are several quite distinct points of view
on how this problem may be studied. Our approach here
is based on the analysis of higher-order correlations which char... |
1601.02849 | \section{Introduction}
Stars more massive than $\geq$20\,$M_{\odot}$ experience the
short-lived luminous blue variable (LBV) stage \cite{Conti1984},
which among other evolutionary stages of massive stars is the most
interesting in observational manifestations and perhaps the most
important in the evolutionary sense
\c... |
1901.06427 | \section{Introduction}
Suspensions of micron sized rigid colloidal particles can be investigated by an ever expanding set of experimental tools such as optical tweezers and externally applied gravitational, magnetic and electric fields. Passive and active colloidal suspensions studied in the lab or in nature are almos... |
1901.06551 | \section{Introduction}
The generation of realistic examples of everyday objects is a challenging and interesting problem which relates to several research fields such as geometry, computer graphics, and computer vision. The ability to capture the essence of a class of objects is key to the task of generating diverse da... |
2107.03337 | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Wavelet techniques have a long standing history in the field
of data science. Applications comprise
signal processing, image analysis and machine learning,
see for instance \cite{Chui,Dahmen,Daubechies,Mallat,Mallat2016}
and the references therein. Assuming a signal generated
by... |
2011.05951 | \section{Introduction}
The human microbiome plays a critical role in human health and disease \citep{nih2019review}.
Modern technology enables cost-effective acquisition of microbiome data.
Large collaborative efforts such as the Human Microbiome Project\st{ (HMP)} \citep{turnbaugh2007human} have generated rich and va... |
quant-ph/0508073 | \section*{Acknowledgments}
Two of us, BB and RR, gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Fund for
Scientific Research (FNRS), Belgium, and the warm hospitality at PNTPM, Universit\'e Libre
de Bruxelles, where this work was carried out. CQ is a Research Director of the National
Fund for Scientific Research (... |
quant-ph/0508200 | \section{Introduction}
Many quantum algorithms (for example, Grover's
algorithm \cite{Grover} and quantum counting \cite{Counting})
can be analyzed in the query model where the input is
accessed via a black box that answers queries
about the values of input bits.
There are two main methods for proving lower bounds... |
nlin/0508016 | \section*{List of Figure Captions}
Fig. 1. In a) and b) the scheme of a 2D waveguide array with the defect on the central site, and the concept for incoming, reflected, and transmitted waves in the scattering problem are shown; c) Density plot of the plane waves group velocity (absolute value), $V=2$; d) Resonance dia... |
1606.03225 | \section{Introduction}
Random sequential adsorption (RSA) is a conceptually easy procedure to randomly deposit objects on a hypersurface which, for simplest cases, is flat and homogeneous. Historically, a one-dimensional version of the RSA problem occurred first in 1939 \cite{Flory1939}, where interactions between atta... |
1912.10830 | \section{Introduction}
Dark energy, the source of the late-time accelerating expansion, has been studied a lot since the observations of Supernovae Type Ia. For example, in Ref.\cite{Cheng:2018nhz}, the authors constructed the type Ia supernova spectrum by training an artificial neural network, in Ref.\cite{Feng:2009... |
1912.10877 | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[t]
\centerline{\includegraphics[width=3cm]{assets/logo.eps}}
\caption{
The logo of \texttt{Yao}. It contains a Chinese character pronounced as \texttt{y\=ao}, which stands for being unitary.
}
\label{fig:logo}
\end{figure}
\texttt{Yao} is a software for solving pra... |
2302.00969 | \section{#1}}
\title{Strong completeness of a class of $L^2$-type Riesz spaces
\footnote{{\bf Keywords:} Strong completeness; Riesz spaces; conditional expectation operators; Riesz representation; strong dual.\
{\em Mathematics subject classification (2010):} 46B40; 60F15; 60F25.}}
\author{Wen-Chi Kuo\... |
2302.01084 | \section{Introduction}
We write $Y ( p_1 , p_2 ; G )$ for the optimal constant (the optimal ratio of both sides) of Young's convolution inequality on a locally compact group $G$.
The main result of this paper is that $Y ( p_1 , p_2 ; G ) \leq Y ( p_1 , p_2 ; H )$ holds for any closed subgroup $H \subset G$ (Theorem... |
2103.12961 | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:1}
Since the introduction of Dirac monopole by P.A.M. Dirac \cite{kn:1}, magnetic monopole has become an subject that attracts a lot of interest, both theoretically and experimentally. Since then the Dirac monopole has been generalized to non-Abelian monopoles, most notably Wu-Yang... |
1705.04335 | \section{Introduction}
Any point-to-point communication link can be modeled as a quantum
channel $\mathcal{N}$ from a sender to a receiver. Of fundamental interest
are the {\em capacities} of $\mathcal{N}$ to transmit data of various types such as quantum, private, or classical data.
Informally, the
capacity of $\mat... |
1610.02361 | \section{Appendix: Approximation algorithm}
\label{app:approximation}
\approximationalgorithm*
\begin{proof}
We start by artificially enlarging the weight $w_j$ of every agent $a_j$ to $\max w_i$. In doing so, we increase the energy cost contribution of each agent $a_j$ by a factor of $\tfrac{w_i}{w_j}$.
Thus any ... |
1410.3300 | \section{Introduction}
In the analysis of data on decays of the $\Upsilon$-meson family --$\Upsilon(2S)\to\Upsilon(1S)\pi\pi$, $\Upsilon(3S)\to\Upsilon(1S)\pi\pi$ and $\Upsilon(3S)\to\Upsilon(2S)\pi\pi$ -- the contribution of multi-channel $\pi\pi$ scattering in the final-state interactions is considered.
The analysis... |
1410.3548 | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Spontaneous collapse and consequent quantum revival~[\onlinecite{parker, Perelman}] occurs in the long
term dynamics of an injected wave-packet in systems with non-equidistant energy levels due to quantum
interference. It has been investigated in a wide class of systems [\onlinecite{Robinett}... |
1012.3233 | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Active systems in general, and active fluids in particular, have recently
become a topical research area in soft matter physics~\cite{Ramaswamy,Toner,kruse1,nedelec,Voituriez,Aranson,goldstein,Marenduzzo07,Cates08,Giomi08,Giomi10,Baskaran09,EPL,Liverpool,Liverpool06,ramasw... |
1012.3464 | \section{Introduction}
Strongly correlated electron systems have challenged traditional condensed matter paradigms
with weakly interacting quasiparticles \cite{Anderson:1984}. Meanwhile, theory tools originating
from high-energy physics have been useful in addressing the physical properties of these materials,
(for a... |
1704.01474 | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}}
\else
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\fi
\IEEEPARstart{T}{his} demo file is intended to serve as a ``starter file''
for IEEE Computer Society journal papers produced under \LaTeX\ using
IEEEtran.cls version 1.8b and later.
I wish you the b... |
1108.4169 | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The consequences of geometric lattice frustration on ground and
excited state behavior of spin systems have been widely studied over
the past two decades \cite{Diep,Lacroix}. Even as many of the issues
are still being debated for the complex two- and three-dimensional (2D
and 3D) ... |
1108.3675 | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Logic optimization approaches can be divided into {\em algorithmic-based methods}, which are based on global transformations, and {\em rule-based methods}, which are based on local transformations~\cite{espr}.
Rule-based methods, also called {\em rewriting}, use a set of ru... |
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