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" Dangerously in Love 2 " received mostly positive reviews from music critics . Natalie Nichols of Los Angeles Times stated that the song is just one of many wailing ballads designed to demonstrate " the soulful bleating of Beyonce , the centerpiece of R & B star trio Destiny 's Child . " Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magaz... |
Beyoncé 's version charted on a few Billboard component charts . " Dangerously in Love 2 " made its first chart appearance on the US Hot R & B / Hip @-@ Hop Songs chart at number 73 on July 3 , 2004 . For the following seven weeks , the song kept on charting in the lower positions of the chart , until it was titled as... |
= = Live performances = =
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Destiny 's Child performed " Dangerously in Love " live for the first time at the Pepsi Arena in Albany , New York in 2001 . The performance was also part of the setlist for their World Tour . Beyoncé also famously performed the song at the 2004 Grammy Awards on February 8 , 2004 , where it won in the category of Best... |
Beyoncé also added the song to the track @-@ listing of her first solo @-@ tour Dangerously in Love Tour , notably at Wembley Arena in London , United Kingdom . There she performed a special rendition of the song that came in at well over 8 @-@ minutes . During the Verizon Ladies First Tour which also featured Alicia ... |
On August 5 , 2007 , Beyoncé performed the song at the Madison Square Garden in Manhattan . While singing , Beyoncé was accompanied by her all @-@ female band , and she incorporated Jill Scott 's " He Loves Me " in " Dangerously in Love 2 " . Shaheem Reid of MTV News praised the performance , writing : " For all the d... |
Beyoncé additionally performed the song on a number of other occasions , including the song as part of her set list on The Beyoncé Experience in Los Angeles and I Am ... Tour during the first stops in the beginning of the tour . In Los Angeles , Beyoncé gave a full @-@ length performance of the song , dressed in a lon... |
= = Credits and personnel = =
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Credits taken from Dangerously in Love liner notes .
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Vocals : Beyoncé Knowles
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Writing : Beyoncé Knowles , Errol McCalla Jr .
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Vocal Engineer : Brian Springer
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Mix engineer : Dexter Simmons
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Guitars : Dan Workman
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Additional Guitars : John " Jab " Broussard
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Instrument Engineer : Dan Workman
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Producing : Beyoncé Knowles , Errol " Poppi " McCalla Jr .
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= = Charts and certifications = =
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= Flight feather =
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Flight feathers ( Pennae volatus ) are the long , stiff , asymmetrically shaped , but symmetrically paired pennaceous feathers on the wings or tail of a bird ; those on the wings are called remiges ( singular remex ) while those on the tail are called rectrices ( singular rectrix ) . The primary function of the flight... |
The moult of their flight feathers can cause serious problems for birds , as it can impair their ability to fly . Different species have evolved different strategies for coping with this , ranging from dropping all their flight feathers at once ( and thus becoming flightless for some relatively short period of time ) ... |
= = Remiges = =
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Remiges ( from the Latin for " oarsman " ) are located on the posterior side of the wing . Ligaments attach the long calami ( quills ) firmly to the wing bones , and a thick , strong band of tendinous tissue known as the postpatagium helps to hold and support the remiges in place . Corresponding remiges on individual ... |
= = = Primaries = = =
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Primaries are connected to the manus ( the bird 's " hand " , composed of carpometacarpus and phalanges ) ; these are the longest and narrowest of the remiges ( particularly those attached to the phalanges ) , and they can be individually rotated . These feathers are especially important for flapping flight , as they ... |
Species vary somewhat in the number of primaries they possess . The number in non @-@ passerines generally varies between 9 and 11 , but grebes , storks and flamingos have 12 , and ostriches have 16 . While most modern passerines have ten primaries , some have only nine . Those with nine are missing the most distal pr... |
The outermost primaries — those connected to the phalanges — are sometimes known as pinions .
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= = = Secondaries = = =
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Secondaries are connected to the ulna . In some species , the ligaments that bind these remiges to the bone connect to small , rounded projections , known as quill knobs , on the ulna ; in other species , no such knobs exist . Secondary feathers remain close together in flight ( they cannot be individually separated l... |
= = = Tertials = = =
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Tertials arise in the brachial region and are not considered true remiges as they are not supported by attachment to the corresponding bone , in this case the humerus . These elongated " true " tertials act as a protective cover for all or part of the folded primaries and secondaries , and do not qualify as flight fea... |
= = = Tectrices = = =
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The calami of the flight feathers are protected by a layer of non @-@ flight feathers called covert feathers or tectrices ( singluar tectrix ) , at least one layer of them both above and beneath the flight feathers of the wings as well as above and below the rectrices of the tail . These feathers may vary widely in si... |
= = = Emargination = = =
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The outermost primaries of large soaring birds , particularly raptors , often show a pronounced narrowing at some variable distance along the feather edges . These narrowings are called either notches or emarginations depending on the degree of their slope . An emargination is a gradual change , and can be found on ei... |
= = = Alula = = =
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Feathers on the alula or bastard wing are not generally considered to be flight feathers in the strict sense ; though they are asymmetrical , they lack the length and stiffness of most true flight feathers . However , alula feathers are definitely an aid to slow flight . These feathers — which are attached to the bird... |
= = = Delayed development in hoatzins = = =
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The development of the remiges ( and alulae ) of nestling hoatzins is much delayed compared to the development of these feathers in other young birds , presumably because young hoatzins are equipped with claws on their first two digits . They use these small rounded hooks to grasp branches when clambering about in tre... |
= = Rectrices = =
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Rectrices ( from the Latin for " helmsman " ) , which help the bird to brake and steer in flight , lie in a single horizontal row on the rear margin of the anatomic tail . Only the central pair are attached ( via ligaments ) to the tail bones ; the remaining rectrices are embedded into the rectricial bulbs , complex s... |
= = Numbering conventions = =
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In order to make the discussion of such topics as moult processes or body structure easier , ornithologists assign a number to each flight feather . By convention , the numbers assigned to primary feathers always start with the letter P ( P1 , P2 , P3 , etc . ) , those of secondaries with the letter S , those of terti... |
Most authorities number the primaries descendantly , starting from the innermost primary ( the one closest to the secondaries ) and working outwards ; others number them ascendantly , from the most distal primary inwards . There are some advantages to each method . Descendant numbering follows the normal sequence of m... |
Secondaries are always numbered ascendantly , starting with the outermost secondary ( the one closest to the primaries ) and working inwards . Tertials are also numbered ascendantly , but in this case , the numbers continue on consecutively from that given to the last secondary ( e.g. ... S5 , S6 , T7 , T8 , ... etc .... |
Rectrices are always numbered from the centermost pair outwards in both directions .
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= = Specialized flight feathers = =
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The flight feathers of some species have undergone evolutionary changes which allow them to provide additional functionality .
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In some species , for example , either remiges or rectrices make a sound during flight . These sounds are most often associated with courtship or territorial displays . The outer primaries of male broad @-@ tailed hummingbirds produce a distinctive high @-@ pitched trill , both in direct flight and in power @-@ dives ... |
Flight feathers are also used by some species in visual displays . Male standard @-@ winged and pennant @-@ winged nightjars have modified P2 primaries ( using the descendant numbering scheme explained above ) which are displayed during their courtship rituals . In the standard @-@ winged nightjar , this modified prim... |
Males of many species , ranging from the widely introduced ring @-@ necked pheasant to Africa 's many whydahs , have one or more elongated pairs of rectrices , which play an often @-@ critical role in their courtship rituals . The outermost pair of rectrices in male lyrebirds are extremely long and strongly curved at ... |
Owls have remiges which are serrated rather than smooth on the leading edge . This adaptation disrupts the flow of air over the wings , eliminating the noise that airflow over a smooth surface normally creates , and allowing the birds to fly and hunt silently .
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The rectrices of woodpeckers are proportionately short and very stiff , allowing them to better brace themselves against tree trunks while feeding . This adaptation is also found , though to a lesser extent , in some other species that feed along tree trunks , including woodcreepers and treecreepers .
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Scientists have not yet determined the function of all flight feather modifications . For instance , male swallows in the genera Psalidoprocne and Stelgidopteryx have tiny recurved hooks on the leading edges of their outer primaries , but the function of these hooks is not yet known ; some authorities suggest they may... |
= = Vestigiality in flightless birds = =
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Over time , a small number of bird species have lost their ability to fly . Some of these , such as the steamer ducks , show no appreciable changes in their flight feathers . Some , such as the Titicaca grebe and a number of the flightless rails , have a reduced number of primaries .
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The remiges of ratites are soft and downy ; they lack the interlocking hooks and barbules that help to stiffen the flight feathers of other birds . In addition , the emu 's remiges are proportionately much reduced in size , while those of the cassowaries are reduced both in number and structure , consisting merely of ... |
Penguins have lost their differentiated flight feathers . As adults , their wings and tail are covered with the same small , stiff , slightly curved feathers as are found on the rest of their bodies .
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The ground @-@ dwelling kakapo , which is the world 's only flightless parrot , has remiges which are shorter , rounder and more symmetrically vaned than those of parrots capable of flight ; these flight feathers also contain fewer interlocking barbules near their tips .
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= = Moult = =
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Once they have finished growing , feathers are essentially dead structures . Over time , they become worn and abraded , and need to be replaced . This replacement process is known as moult ( molt in the United States ) . The loss of wing and tail feathers can affect a bird 's ability to fly ( sometimes dramatically ) ... |
For most birds , moult begins at a certain specific point , called a focus ( plural foci ) , on the wing or tail and proceeds in a sequential manner in one or both directions from there . For example , most passerines have a focus between the innermost primary ( P1 , using the numbering scheme explained above ) and ou... |
In many species , there is more than one focus along the wing . Here , moult begins at all foci simultaneously , but generally proceeds only in one direction . Most grouse , for example , have two wing foci : one at the wingtip , the other between feathers P1 and S1 . In this case , moult proceeds descendantly from bo... |
Birds that are heavily " wing @-@ loaded " — that is , heavy @-@ bodied birds with relatively short wings — have great difficulty flying with the loss of even a few flight feathers . A protracted moult like the one described above would leave them vulnerable to predators for a sizeable portion of the year . Instead , ... |
The cuckoos show what is called saltatory or transilient wing moults . In simple forms this involves the moulting and replacement of odd @-@ numbered primaries and then the even @-@ numbered primaries . There are however complex variations with differences based on life history .
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