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wiki_3840_chunk_18 | Lists of mathematics topics | Mathematical objects
Among mathematical objects are numbers, functions, sets, a great variety of things called "spaces" of one kind or another, algebraic structures such as rings, groups, or fields, and many other things.
List of mathematical examples
List of algebraic surfaces
List of curves
List of complex reflec... | wikipedia |
wiki_18620_chunk_1 | International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Life Sciences | International Max Planck Research Schools
To date more than 60 International Max Planck Research Schools (short: IMPRS) have been established in Germany, each representing a joint cooperative of Max Planck Institutes and one or several German universities. The concept for the International Max Planck Research Schools w... | wikipedia |
wiki_29312_chunk_6 | Network science | More recently other network science efforts have focused on mathematically describing different network topologies. Duncan Watts and Steven Strogatz reconciled empirical data on networks with mathematical representation, describing the small-world network. Albert-László Barabási and Reka Albert developed the scale-free... | wikipedia |
wiki_5974_chunk_22 | Needleman–Wunsch algorithm | The pseudo-code for the algorithm to compute the F matrix therefore looks like this:
d ← Gap penalty score
for i = 0 to length(A)
F(i,0) ← d * i
for j = 0 to length(B)
F(0,j) ← d * j
for i = 1 to length(A)
for j = 1 to length(B)
{
Match ← F(i−1, j−1) + S(Ai, Bj)
Delete ← F(i−1,... | wikipedia |
wiki_12251_chunk_12 | Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) | A series of Advanced Energy Design Guides were developed in cooperation with ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers), AIA (The American Institute of Architects), IESNA (Illuminating Engineering Society of North America), USGBC (United States Green Building Council) and US DOE ... | wikipedia |
wiki_14353_chunk_14 | White Bay Power Station | As a result of its remarkably intact survival, it retains the unique ability to demonstrate, by its location, massing, design, machinery and associated archives, the influence and dominance that early power-generating technology exerted on the lives and urban fabric of inner cities in the first half of the 20th century... | wikipedia |
wiki_18772_chunk_4 | TXL (programming language) | Factorial
%Syntax specification
define program
[number]
end define %Transformation rules
function main
replace [program]
p [number]
by
p [fact][fact0]
end function function fact
replace [number]
n [number]
construct nMinusOne [number]
n [- 1]
where
n [>... | wikipedia |
wiki_34302_chunk_4 | Adaptive behavior (ecology) | Kin selection (commonly referred to as altruism) is an example of an adaptive behavior that directly influences the genetic composition of a population. It involves evolutionary strategies that favor the persistence of an organism's relatives, often at the cost of the organism's own survival and reproduction. This will... | wikipedia |
wiki_15964_chunk_0 | List of MeSH codes (N03) | The following is a partial list of the "N" codes for Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), as defined by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM). This list continues the information at List of MeSH codes (N02). Codes following these are found at List of MeSH codes (N04). For other MeSH codes, see List of MeSH c... | wikipedia |
wiki_3735_chunk_4 | Royal Society of Chemistry | Membership categories and post-nominals
The following are membership categories with post-nominals (designatory letters):
Affiliate Member: (no post-nominal) The category for students and those involved in chemical science who do not meet the requirements for the following grades.
AMRSC: Associate Member of the Royal ... | wikipedia |
wiki_3058_chunk_12 | Civil-military co-operation | Output of CECIL WG
The WG developed a package with proposals, which consists of three "tools": The CIMIC situation report itself, the CIMIC tracking system and a standardised commander's update. ISAF CJ9 and JFC Brunssum J9 have used this CIMIC situation report on a weekly base since February 2007; the regional command... | wikipedia |
wiki_3898_chunk_8 | National Electrical Code | Structure
The NEC is composed of an introduction, nine chapters, annexes A through J, and the index. The introduction sets forth the purpose, scope, enforcement, and rules or information that are general in nature. The first four chapters cover definitions and rules for installations (voltages, connections, markings, e... | wikipedia |
wiki_4376_chunk_13 | Algebraic geometry and analytic geometry | Formal statement of GAGA
Let be a scheme of finite type over C. Then there is a topological space Xan which as a set consists of the closed points of X with a continuous inclusion map λX: Xan → X. The topology on Xan is called the "complex topology" (and is very different from the subspace topology).
Suppose φ: X →... | wikipedia |
wiki_1746_chunk_1 | Military aid to the civil community | In the United Kingdom, military aid to the civil community is one of the three classifications of military aid to the civil authorities. MACC covers the provision of unarmed military assistance to prevent or deal with the aftermath of a natural disaster or a major incident or, to assist civil sponsors either by carryin... | wikipedia |
wiki_11812_chunk_2 | Code page 950 | IBM's CCSID 950 comprises single byte code page 1114 (CCSID 1114) and double byte code page 947 (CCSID 947), and, while also a Big5 variant, is somewhat different from Microsoft's code page 950, incorporating some of the ETEN extensions for lead bytes 0xA3, 0xC6, 0xC7 and 0xC8, while omitting those with lead byte 0xF9 ... | wikipedia |
wiki_15969_chunk_7 | List of MeSH codes (V02) | – retraction of publication (publication type) – review (publication type)
– consensus development conference (publication type)
– consensus development conference, NIH (publication type) – statistics (publication type) – tables (publication type) – technical report (publication type) – unedited footage (publicatio... | wikipedia |
wiki_4710_chunk_0 | List of Allied convoy codes during World War II | This is a list of convoy codes used by the Allies during World War II There were over 300 convoy routes organized, in all areas of the world; each was designated by a two- or three letter code. List of Allied convoys during World War II by region provides additional information. A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - ... | wikipedia |
wiki_248_chunk_32 | GNU Compiler Collection | Link-time optimization
Link-time optimization optimizes across object file boundaries to directly improve the linked binary. Link-time optimization relies on an intermediate file containing the serialization of some Gimple representation included in the object file. The file is generated alongside the object file duri... | wikipedia |
wiki_30062_chunk_28 | Energy release rate (fracture mechanics) | The 8-node quadratic element are described by Figure 5 in both parent space with local coordinates and and by the mapped element in physical/global space by and The parent element is mapped from the local space to the physical space by the shape functions and the degree of freedom coordinates The crack tip is loc... | wikipedia |
wiki_8431_chunk_2 | TACPOL (programming language) | Procedures
Procedures may have value parameters, quantity parameters – by reference without type-checking, parameterless procedure and label parameters. Implementations
The TACPOL compiler ran on and generated code for the AN/GYK-12, a militarized version of the Litton Industries L-3050 32-bit minicomputer. Criticism a... | wikipedia |
wiki_18191_chunk_7 | Level set (data structures) | Hash Table Local Level Set
The Hash Table Local Level Set method, introduced in 2011 by Eyiyurekli and Breen and extended in 2012 by Brun, Guittet and Gibou, only computes the level set data in a band around the interface, as in the Narrow Band Level-Set Method, but also only stores the data in that same band. A hash... | wikipedia |
wiki_819_chunk_35 | Dijkstra's algorithm | Specialized variants
When arc weights are small integers (bounded by a parameter ), specialized queues which take advantage of this fact can be used to speed up Dijkstra's algorithm. The first algorithm of this type was Dial's algorithm for graphs with positive integer edge weights, which uses a bucket queue to obtain... | wikipedia |
wiki_253_chunk_18 | Genetic programming | Applications
GP has been successfully used as an automatic programming tool, a machine learning tool and an automatic problem-solving engine. GP is especially useful in the domains where the exact form of the
solution is not known in advance or an approximate solution is acceptable (possibly because finding the exact ... | wikipedia |
wiki_14175_chunk_1 | Psychology of programming | History
The history of psychology of programming dates back to late 1970s and early 1980s, when researchers realized that computational power should not be the only thing to be evaluated in programming tools and technologies, but also the usability from the users. In the first Workshop on Empirical Studies of Programme... | wikipedia |
wiki_36162_chunk_1 | Real-time Neutron Monitor Database | Unlike data from satellite experiments, neutron monitor data has never been available in high resolution from many stations in real-time. The data is often only available from the individual stations website, in varying formats, and not in real-time. To overcome this deficit, the European Commission is supporting the ... | wikipedia |
wiki_537_chunk_28 | Structured programming | Edsger Dijkstra, Notes on Structured Programming, p. 6.
Michael A. Jackson, Principles of Program Design, Academic Press, London, 1975.
O.-J. Dahl, E. W. Dijkstra, C. A. R. Hoare Structured Programming, Academic Press, London, 1972. .
this volume includes an expanded version of the Notes on Structured Programmin... | wikipedia |
wiki_37600_chunk_11 | Computational musicology | Non-western music
Strategies from computational musicology are recently being applied for analysis of music in various parts of the world. For example, professors affiliated with the Birla Institute of Technology in India have produced studies of harmonic and melodic tendencies (in the raga structure) of Hindustani cl... | wikipedia |
wiki_12511_chunk_5 | Luke Power | |-
|- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1998
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 6 || 9 || 3 || 3 || 83 || 44 || 127 || 27 || 12 || 0.3 || 0.3 || 9.2 || 4.9 || 14.1 || 3.0 || 1.3
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1999
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 6 || 16 || 17 || 15 || ... | wikipedia |
wiki_594_chunk_2 | Tree (data structure) | Common uses
Representing hierarchical data such as:
File systems used to store data on hard drives so that files can easily be found by name
Exploded-view drawing used to identify the sub components of components used to construct larger components
Subroutine calls used to identify which subroutines in a program ca... | wikipedia |
wiki_819_chunk_20 | Dijkstra's algorithm | 1 function Dijkstra(Graph, source):
2 dist[source] ← 0 // Initialization
3
4 create vertex priority queue Q
5
6 for each vertex v in Graph.Vertices:
7 if v ≠ source
8 dist[v] ← INFINITY // Unknown distance from source to v
... | wikipedia |
wiki_15023_chunk_14 | Naturalness (physics) | Naturalness, supersymmetry and the little hierarchy
By supersymmetrizing the Standard Model, one arrives at a solution to the
gauge hierarchy, or big hierarchy, problem in that supersymmetry guarantees
cancellation of quadratic divergences to all orders in perturbation theory.
The simplest supersymmetrization of the... | wikipedia |
wiki_6769_chunk_1 | Smith–Purcell effect | Smith–Purcell radiation is particularly attractive for applications involving non-destructive beam diagnostics (bunch-length diagnostics in accelerators for example) and especially as a viable THz radiation source, which has further broad-range uses in diverse and high-impact fields like materials sciences, biotechnolo... | wikipedia |
wiki_3822_chunk_27 | Kite control systems | Solar sail and plasma kites
Scientists on one type of solar kite take pride that there will be a minimum of moving parts to control the movement of the solar kite through space and around the earth, moon, comet, or other solar system body. ESA CONTRACT 17679/03/NL/SFe Solar Kite Mission Feasibility Study EXECUTIVE SUM... | wikipedia |
wiki_6294_chunk_4 | The Tao of Physics | Acclaim and criticism
According to Capra, Werner Heisenberg was in agreement with the main idea of the book:I showed the manuscript to him chapter by chapter, briefly summarizing the content of each chapter and emphasizing especially the topics related to his own work. Heisenberg was most interested in the entire manus... | wikipedia |
wiki_37897_chunk_70 | Home computer | January 1980: Sinclair ZX80, available in the United Kingdom for less than a hundred pounds
1980: Commodore VIC-20 (N. Am.), under US$300; first computer of any kind to pass one million sold.
1980: TRS-80 Color Computer (N. Am.), Motorola 6809, optional OS-9 multi-user multi-tasking.
July 1980: TRS-80 Model III (N. ... | wikipedia |
wiki_28984_chunk_0 | Codex on the Flight of Birds | Codex on the Flight of Birds is a relatively short codex from by Leonardo da Vinci.<ref name="Pedretti 1962 p. 37">{{cite book | last=Pedretti | first=C. | title=Chronology of Leonardo da Vincis Architectural studies after 1500 (a) | publisher=E. Droz | series=Travaux d'humanisme et Renaissance | year=1962 | isbn=978-... | wikipedia |
wiki_1030_chunk_17 | Prototype-based programming | Regarding efficiency, declaring classes simplifies many compiler optimizations that allow developing efficient method and instance-variable lookup. For the Self language, much development time was spent on developing, compiling, and interpreting techniques to improve the performance of prototype-based systems versus cl... | wikipedia |
wiki_18223_chunk_7 | Performance engineering | Construction
Early in this phase a number of performance tool related activities are required. These include:
Identify key development team members as subject matter experts for the selected tools.
Specify a profiling tool for the development/component unit test environment.
Specify an automated unit (component) perfor... | wikipedia |
wiki_13795_chunk_5 | Science and Development Network | Practical guides: Written by experts in their field, practical guides help readers strengthen and learn new skills. These guides:
Provide expert advice for journalists to sharpen their skills and improve their coverage of hot topics for print, broadcast and online media
Help scientists with ‘how to’ guides on getti... | wikipedia |
wiki_19691_chunk_3 | Cheeger constant (graph theory) | In applications to theoretical computer science, one wishes to devise network configurations for which the Cheeger constant is high (at least, bounded away from zero) even when (the number of computers in the network) is large. For example, consider a ring network of computers, thought of as a graph . Number the comp... | wikipedia |
wiki_10954_chunk_4 | Mepco Schlenk Engineering College | International Association of Civil Engineering Students (IACES)
Renewable Energy Club (sponsored by MNRE)
Management Association
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Student Branch (IEEE)
Institute of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (IETE)
Indian Society of Technical Education (ISTE)
Computer S... | wikipedia |
wiki_8482_chunk_7 | Lenstra–Lenstra–Lovász lattice basis reduction algorithm | LLL algorithm pseudocode
The following description is based on , with the corrections from the errata. INPUT
a lattice basis
a parameter with , most commonly
PROCEDURE
and do not normalize
using the most current values of and
while do
for from to do
if... | wikipedia |
wiki_2440_chunk_50 | Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics) | Method of Dyson series
Time-dependent perturbations can be reorganized through the technique of the Dyson series. The Schrödinger equation has the formal solution where is the time ordering operator, Thus, the exponential represents the following Dyson series, Note that in the second term, the 1/2! factor exactly can... | wikipedia |
wiki_6350_chunk_2 | Thomas James Mathias | Here is another little capriccio of a man of no common sagacity, the late Adam Smith. He says seriously, by way of illustration; “No body ever saw a dog make a fair and deliberate exchange of one bone for another with another dog." Smith's Wealth of Nations, Vol. 1, p. 20. Ed. 8vo. This philosophy is nearly of the sa... | wikipedia |
wiki_28000_chunk_29 | Differential geometry of surfaces | The following summarizes the calculation of the above quantities relative to a Monge patch . Here and denote the two partial derivatives of , with analogous notation for the second partial derivatives. The second fundamental form and all subsequent quantities are calculated relative to the given choice of unit normal... | wikipedia |
wiki_20682_chunk_6 | Super Friends: The Legendary Super Powers Show | Cast
Jack Angel – Samurai
René Auberjonois – DeSaad
James Avery – Alien Auctioneer (in "Darkseid's Golden Trap"), Cromar (in "Darkseid's Golden Trap")
Michael Bell – Zan, Gleek
Gregg Berger – Benny the Bungler (in "Mr. Mxyzptlk and the Magic Lamp"), Ernie (in "Mr. Mxyzpltlk and the Magic Lamp)
Arthur Burghardt –... | wikipedia |
wiki_9359_chunk_2 | Computer-aided production engineering | The future of manufacturing will be determined by the efficiency with which it can incorporate new technologies. The current process in engineering manufacturing systems is often ad hoc, with computerized tools being used on a limited basis. Given the costs and resources involved in the construction and operation of ma... | wikipedia |
wiki_19026_chunk_8 | Stochastic simulation | Defining as the number of events that occur in the time interval It can be shown that inter-arrival times for events is exponentially distributed with a cumulative distribution function(CDF) of . The inverse of the exponential CDF is given by where is an uniformly distributed random variable. Simulating a Poisson pr... | wikipedia |
wiki_1926_chunk_54 | Conservation biology | Conservation biologists study trends and process from the paleontological past to the ecological present as they gain an understanding of the context related to species extinction. It is generally accepted that there have been five major global mass extinctions that register in Earth's history. These include: the Ordov... | wikipedia |
wiki_9074_chunk_10 | Function composition (computer science) | Lisp
Variants of Lisp, especially Scheme, the interchangeability of code and data together with the treatment of functions lend themselves extremely well for a recursive definition of a variadic compositional operator. (define (compose . fs)
(if (null? fs) (lambda (x) x) ; if no argument is given, evaluates to the id... | wikipedia |
wiki_23269_chunk_7 | Relay logic | Relay logic design
In many cases, it is possible to design a relay logic diagram directly from the narrative description of a control event sequence. In general, the following suggestions apply to designing a relay logic diagram: 1. Define the process to be controlled. 2. Draw a sketch of the operation process. Make su... | wikipedia |
wiki_27731_chunk_12 | National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering | References
1. NCREE's Official English Website Retrieved on 14-01-2008
2. NCREE homepage Retrieved on 14-01-2008
3. 國家地震工程研究中心簡介影片 (National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering explanation video)
4. NARL and NCREE information leaflet.
5. Bristol University IDEERS Retrieved on 15-01-2008
6. EGDT External link... | wikipedia |
wiki_32047_chunk_15 | Computational thinking | Many definitions of CT describe it only at skill level because the momentum behind its growth comes from its promise to boost STEM education. And, the latest movement in STEM education is based on suggestions (by learning theories) that we teach students experts' habits of mind. So, whether it is computational thinking... | wikipedia |
wiki_28997_chunk_6 | Size function | The previous result gives an easy way to get lower bounds for the natural pseudodistance and is one of the main motivation to introduce the concept of size function. Representation by formal series An algebraic representation of size
functions in terms of collections of points and lines in the real plane with
multipli... | wikipedia |
wiki_8470_chunk_4 | Mathcad | Summary of capabilities
The Mathcad interface allows users to combine a variety of different elements (mathematics, descriptive text, and supporting imagery) into a worksheet, in which dependent calculations are dynamically recalculated as inputs change. This allows for simple manipulation of input variables, assumptio... | wikipedia |
wiki_984_chunk_2 | Multiplication algorithm | Example
This example uses long multiplication to multiply 23,958,233 (multiplicand) by 5,830 (multiplier) and arrives at 139,676,498,390 for the result (product).
23958233
× 5830
———————————————
00000000 ( = 23,958,233 × 0)
71874699 ( = 23,958,233 × 30)
191665864 ( ... | wikipedia |
wiki_3829_chunk_8 | Clique (graph theory) | Additionally, many other mathematical constructions involve cliques in graphs. Among them,
The clique complex of a graph G is an abstract simplicial complex X(G) with a simplex for every clique in G
A simplex graph is an undirected graph κ(G) with a vertex for every clique in a graph G and an edge connecting two clique... | wikipedia |
wiki_10647_chunk_7 | Clinical ecology | Clinical ecology is not a recognized medical specialty. Practitioners have been criticized for tricking mentally ill and suggestible patients into thinking that they were chemically sensitive. Twentieth century critics of clinical ecology charged that multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) had never been clearly defined, ... | wikipedia |
wiki_6991_chunk_10 | Religion Explained | The comparative religion author Karen Armstrong reviewed Boyer's thesis.
Religion, he argues, is nothing more or less than a by-product of the human mind. It is a side effect of having a particular kind of brain. By far the most fascinating part of this highly accessible and informative book is Boyer's description of t... | wikipedia |
wiki_23570_chunk_19 | Physical organic chemistry | Substituent effects
The study of how substituents affect the reactivity of a molecule or the rate of reactions is of significant interest to chemists. Substituents can exert an effect through both steric and electronic interactions, the latter of which include resonance and inductive effects. The polarizability of mole... | wikipedia |
wiki_27868_chunk_17 | Average-case complexity | One area of active research involves finding new distNP-complete problems. However, finding such problems can be complicated due to a result of Gurevich which shows that any distributional problem with a flat distribution cannot be distNP-complete unless EXP = NEXP. (A flat distribution μ is one for which there exists ... | wikipedia |
wiki_1478_chunk_34 | Root-finding algorithms | Finding all roots at once
The simple Durand–Kerner and the slightly more complicated Aberth method simultaneously find all of the roots using only simple complex number arithmetic. Accelerated algorithms for multi-point evaluation and interpolation similar to the fast Fourier transform can help speed them up for large ... | wikipedia |
wiki_32367_chunk_7 | Z88 FEM software | The pre-processor builds the FE model. It is possible to either build the structure directly inside the software by using Z88Aurora's tools and using structural elemtents such as trusses and beams or a model can be imported from several file formats.
Geometries can be imported from STEP files (*.STP), STL files in ASCI... | wikipedia |
wiki_6050_chunk_3 | Minimum degree algorithm | The problem of finding the best ordering is an NP-complete problem and is thus intractable, so heuristic methods are used instead. The minimum degree algorithm is derived from a method first proposed by Markowitz in 1959 for non-symmetric linear programming problems, which is loosely described as follows. At each step... | wikipedia |
wiki_39500_chunk_1 | Strategic Air Command Digital Information Network | Chronology
1969
- Headquarters SAC submits a request to the Joint Chiefs of Staff to study an expanded communications system, known as the SAC Total Information Network (SATIN). It would interconnect Air Force Satellite Communications (AFSATCOM), Advanced Airborne Command Post (AABNCP), Airborne Command Post (ABNCP),... | wikipedia |
wiki_11633_chunk_17 | Force field (chemistry) | Similar, even more automated tools have become recently available to parameterize new force fields and assist users to develop their own parameter sets for chemistries which are not parameterized to date. Efforts to provide open source codes and methods include openMM and openMD. The use of semi-automation or full auto... | wikipedia |
wiki_13634_chunk_1 | Epistemic modal logic | Historical development
Many papers were written in the 1950s that spoke of a logic of knowledge in passing, but it was Finnish philosopher von Wright's paper An Essay in Modal Logic from 1951 that is seen as a founding document. It was not until 1962 that another Finn, Hintikka, would write Knowledge and Belief, the f... | wikipedia |
wiki_4081_chunk_12 | Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant | Harris Energy and Environmental Center
NRC treatise on circuit integrity measures, including Shearon Harris
NRC Public Information regarding the Units 2 & 3 Expansion Proposal
Nuclear Regulatory Commission approves construction of first nuclear units in 30 years
INDY News article about local opposition to NRC safet... | wikipedia |
wiki_2192_chunk_2 | Software development | Identification of need
The sources of ideas for software products are plentiful. These ideas can come from market research including the demographics of potential new customers, existing customers, sales prospects who rejected the product, other internal software development staff, or a creative third party. Ideas for ... | wikipedia |
wiki_17194_chunk_6 | Inertial fusion power plant | In the magnetic confinement field, the 2nd phase corresponds to the objectives of ITER, the 3rd to these of its follower DEMO, in 20 to 30 years, and the 4th to those of a possible PROTO, in 40 to 50 years. The various phases of such a project are the following:
Burning demonstration: reproducible achievement of energ... | wikipedia |
wiki_15698_chunk_1 | International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics | Objectives
IUGG's objectives are the promotion and coordination of studies related to Earth's physical, chemical and mathematical representation. This includes geometrical shape, internal structure, gravity and magnetic fields, seismicity, volcanism, hydrologic cycle, glaciers, oceans, atmosphere, ionosphere, and ma... | wikipedia |
wiki_32280_chunk_2 | Correction (novel) | Plot summary
The Austrian main character Roithamer, lecturer at Cambridge, after years of paroxysmal projects, builds for his sister, the only person he ever loved, a house in the shape of a cone, right in the geometrically precise middle of the Kobernausser forest. Her answer to the present is death, her traumatic dea... | wikipedia |
wiki_16839_chunk_10 | Canadian Psychological Association | What human costs and ethical transgressions would occur if psychologists had free rein to do any type of research or treatment on humans, as long as it was in the national interest? Lifton (1986) had already provided one answer to this question with his book The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genoc... | wikipedia |
wiki_1126_chunk_59 | Green Revolution | Although the Green Revolution has been able to improve agricultural output in some regions in the world, there was and is still room for improvement. As a result, many organizations continue to invent new ways to improve the techniques already used in the Green Revolution. Frequently quoted inventions are the System of... | wikipedia |
wiki_2616_chunk_23 | 7400-series integrated circuits | The Soviet integrated circuit designation is different from the Western series:
the technology modifications were considered different series and were identified by different numbered prefixes – К155 series is equivalent to plain 74, К555 series is 74LS, К1533 is 74ALS, etc.;
the function of the unit is described wit... | wikipedia |
wiki_3429_chunk_4 | Comparison of computer viruses | |-
|Jerusalem
|
|DOS
|
|1987-10
|
|
|
|Jerusalem was initially very common and spawned a large number of variants.
|-
|Kama Sutra
|Blackworm, Nyxem, and Blackmal
|
|
|2006-01-16
|
|
|
|Designed to destroy common files such as Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint documents.
|-
|Koko
|
|DOS
|
|1991-03
|
|
|
|The payload... | wikipedia |
wiki_36657_chunk_7 | Civil Support Team | The certified WMD-CSTs provide unique capabilities, expertise, and technologies to assist the governors in preparing for and responding to a CBRN situation. These WMD-CSTs are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for rapid deployment for response operations. The WMD-CST complements and enhances local and State capab... | wikipedia |
wiki_29311_chunk_8 | Journal of Cell Science | Issues from 1853 are available online via the journal website and HighWire Press as PDFs, with a text version additionally available from 2000. Content over 6 months old is freely available, and all articles are available to readers in developing countries via the Health InterNetwork Access to Research Initiative. Sinc... | wikipedia |
wiki_27556_chunk_61 | History of statistics | Blaise Pascal
Karl Pearson
Charles S. Peirce
Adolphe Quetelet
C. R. Rao
Walter A. Shewhart
Charles Spearman
Charles Stein
Thorvald N. Thiele
John Tukey
Abraham Wald References Bibliography
(Revised version, 2002) Kotz, S., Johnson, N.L. (1992,1992,1997). Breakthroughs in Statistics, Vols I, II, III. Springer... | wikipedia |
wiki_1489_chunk_57 | Biological pest control | Grower education
A potential obstacle to the adoption of biological pest control measures is that growers may prefer to stay with the familiar use of pesticides. However, pesticides have undesired effects, including the development of resistance among pests, and the destruction of natural enemies; these may in turn ena... | wikipedia |
wiki_1520_chunk_19 | Interactive proof system | It is known that for any constant k, a MIP system with k provers and polynomially many rounds can be turned into an equivalent system with only 2 provers, and a constant number of rounds. PCP While the designers of IP considered generalizations of Babai's interactive proof systems, others considered restrictions. A ver... | wikipedia |
wiki_37833_chunk_23 | NASU Institute of Physics | Technology Transfer Office is the separate division of the Institute created on April 15, 2008. Its mission is to protect intellectual properties belonging to the Institute and support commercialization of promising R&D developments. Among the main tasks are the following:
Implementation of modern approaches to manag... | wikipedia |
wiki_18392_chunk_14 | Space-based solar power | SERT went about developing a solar power satellite (SPS) concept for a future gigawatt space power system, to provide electrical power by converting the Sun's energy and beaming it to Earth's surface, and provided a conceptual development path that would utilize current technologies. SERT proposed an inflatable photovo... | wikipedia |
wiki_34020_chunk_51 | Merit Network | In May 2019, Merit Network, in partnership with Michigan State University's Quello Center and the D.C.-based Measurement Lab, launched a pilot for the Michigan Moonshot broadband data collection project. Three school districts, representing more than 6,000 students, were chosen. The data for this project consisted of t... | wikipedia |
wiki_20600_chunk_3 | Lehmer's GCD algorithm | with the matrix product
according to the matrix formulation of the extended euclidean algorithm.
If B ≠ 0, go to the start of the inner loop.
If B = 0, we have reached a deadlock; perform a normal step of the euclidean algorithm with a and b, and restart the outer loop.
Set a to aA + bB and b to Ca + Db (again simu... | wikipedia |
wiki_27525_chunk_6 | Magic circle (mathematics) | Extra circle x1 contains numbers from circles NW, N, C, and W; x2 contains numbers from N, NE, E, and C; x3 contains numbers from W, C, S, and SW; x4 contains numbers from C, E, SE, and S. Total sum of 72 numbers = 2628;
sum of numbers in any eight number circle = 292;
sums of three circles along horizontal lines = 8... | wikipedia |
wiki_26407_chunk_38 | Text Executive Programming Language | !move_to call !ask3 if ans:eqs:*null goto !to_$dir$
ercall !to_same call !to_$ans$
_
!to_locn xlocn=xlocn+xdel ylocn=ylocn+ydel return
_
!to_f
!to_forward
!to_ahead
!to_same goto !to_$dir$
_
!to_b
!to_backward goto !inv_$dir$
_
!to_r
!to_right goto !rt_$dir$
_... | wikipedia |
wiki_16888_chunk_7 | 1954–55 United States network television schedule | Saturday
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;margin-right:0;text-align:center"
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#C0C0C0;text-align:center"| Network
! style="background-color:#C0C0C0;text-align:center"| 7:00 PM
! style="background-color:#C0C0C0;text-align:center"| 7:30 PM
! style="background-color:#C0C0C0;te... | wikipedia |
wiki_28990_chunk_5 | Network Centric Product Support | Background and Other Examples
The original micro-webserver component (i. e. the onboard unit) that is key to enabling the NCPS architecture was first prototyped and demonstrated in 2001 by David Loda, Enzo Macchia, Sam Quadri and Bjorn Stickling at United Technologies' Pratt & Whitney division and initially tested on b... | wikipedia |
wiki_19684_chunk_11 | Software asset management | Issues with scalability
An example of issues faced when scaling up discovery tools is with Microsoft's System Centre Configuration Manager (SCCM).
Using SCCM Metering Rules to monitor software usage across a small estate or a small number of applications is relatively easy and reliable given the total number of unique... | wikipedia |
wiki_17402_chunk_1 | Stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture | Procedure
Two populations of cells are cultivated in cell culture. One of the cell populations is fed with growth medium containing normal amino acids. In contrast, the second population is fed with growth medium containing amino acids labeled with stable (non-radioactive) heavy isotopes. For example, the medium can co... | wikipedia |
wiki_27660_chunk_3 | Id (programming language) | def cycle x = { A = x : A In A }; However, to avoid nonterminating construction of truly infinite structures, explicit delays must be annotated using #: def count_up_from x = x :# count_up_from (x + 1); Implementations
pHluid
The pHluid system was a research implementation of Id programming language, with future plans ... | wikipedia |
wiki_20212_chunk_10 | Sunflower (mathematics) | The sunflower lemma has numerous applications in theoretical computer science. For example, in 1986, Razborov used the sunflower lemma to prove that the Clique language required (superpolynomial) size monotone circuits, a breakthrough result in circuit complexity theory at the time. Håstad, Jukna, and Pudlák used it t... | wikipedia |
wiki_14289_chunk_7 | Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute | PUFF - In cooperation with the Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (Dutch: Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieuhygiene or simply RIVM), KNMI has developed the dispersion model PUFF. It has been designed to calculate the dispersion of air pollution on European scales. The model... | wikipedia |
wiki_28000_chunk_24 | Differential geometry of surfaces | First and second fundamental forms, the shape operator, and the curvature
Let be a regular surface in . Given a local parametrization and a unit normal vector field to , one defines the following objects as real-valued or matrix-valued functions on . The first fundamental form depends only on , and not on . The four... | wikipedia |
wiki_22662_chunk_4 | Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester | Manchester mathematicians have a long tradition of applying mathematics to industrial problems. Nowadays this involves not only the traditional applications in engineering and the physical sciences, but also in the life sciences and the financial sector. Some of the recent industrial partners include Qinetiq, Hewlett P... | wikipedia |
wiki_9290_chunk_9 | Latin letters used in mathematics | Hh
H represents:
a Hilbert space
the unit henry of magnetic inductance
the homology and cohomology functor
the enthalpy
the (Shannon) entropy of information
the orthocenter of a triangle
a partial sum of the harmonic series
magnetic field, denoted .
H0 represents Hubble's parameter as measures today (100 h km·s−1·Mpc−1... | wikipedia |
wiki_1696_chunk_7 | Relevance logic | Routley–Meyer models
The standard model theory for relevance logics is the Routley-Meyer ternary-relational semantics developed by Richard Routley and Robert Meyer. A Routley–Meyer frame F for a propositional language is a quadruple (W,R,*,0), where W is a non-empty set, R is a ternary relation on W, and * is a functio... | wikipedia |
wiki_2479_chunk_5 | Curry (programming language) | More complex data structures can be obtained by recursive data types. For instance, a list of elements, where the type of elements is arbitrary (denoted by
the type variable ), is either the empty list “” or the non-empty list “” consisting of a first element and a list :
data List a = [] | a : List a
The type “” ... | wikipedia |
wiki_38621_chunk_1 | Ecological triage | Methods
Ecological triage is not simple, dichotomous decision making. It involves a complex array of factors including assumptions, mathematical calculations, and planning for uncertainties. When assessing an ecosystem, there are a myriad of factors conservationists consider, but there are also variables which they ar... | wikipedia |
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