id stringlengths 14 20 | title stringlengths 4 131 | text stringlengths 52 43k | source stringclasses 1
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wiki_33154_chunk_1 | Algorithmic inference | The Fisher parametric inference problem
Concerning the identification of the parameters of a distribution law, the mature reader may recall lengthy disputes in the mid 20th century about the interpretation of their variability in terms of fiducial distribution , structural probabilities , priors/posteriors , and so on... | wikipedia |
wiki_2907_chunk_16 | Question answering | MathQA methods need to combine natural and formula language. One possible approach is to perform supervised annotation via Entity Linking. The "ARQMath Task" at CLEF 2020 was launched to address the problem of linking newly posted questions from the platform Math Stack Exchange (MSE) to existing ones that were already ... | wikipedia |
wiki_3468_chunk_4 | Directed-energy weapon | Active Denial System
Active Denial System is a millimeter wave source that heats the water in a human target's skin and thus causes incapacitating pain. It was developed by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory and Raytheon for riot-control duty. Though intended to cause severe pain while leaving no lasting damage, co... | wikipedia |
wiki_11435_chunk_4 | Computer-assisted orthopedic surgery | Shortcomings
Although CAOS has advantages in both the accuracy and precision of the procedure at hand, it is still not widely accepted within the orthopedic community for various reasons. One such reason is the increased medical costs to the patient. Regardless of the navigation preference, the inclusion of computer t... | wikipedia |
wiki_20329_chunk_6 | Mathematica: A World of Numbers... and Beyond | Large-scale bean machine showing the binomial distribution as an approximation of the normal distribution in probability theory
Möbius strip with a motorized red arrow that can trace a complete circuit of the one-sided surface
A curved funnel-shaped surface modeling a gravitational well using ball bearings orbiting i... | wikipedia |
wiki_4396_chunk_5 | Alabama School of Mathematics and Science | Summer program
ASMS also offers an academic summer camp for students entering the 6th through 9th grades. The Adventures In Math and Science summer program is typically held in June and enrolls roughly 1,000 students over the course of three weeks. Students from across Alabama can enroll in classes that are taught by A... | wikipedia |
wiki_21680_chunk_9 | Everyday Mathematics | Additional references
About Everyday Mathematics: Research & Development. (2003) Retrieved June 27, 2006.
Bas, Braams. (2003) Spiraling Through UCSMP Everyday Mathematics. Retrieved June 27, 2006.
Current Curriculum: About Everyday Mathematics. (2002) Retrieved June 27, 2006.
Knight, Michelle. (2005) Everyday Math Has ... | wikipedia |
wiki_19718_chunk_2 | Association of Teachers of Mathematics | Guiding principles
ATM lists as its guiding principles:
The ability to operate mathematically is an aspect of human functioning which is as universal as language itself. Attention needs constantly to be drawn to this fact. Any possibility of intimidating with mathematical expertise is to be avoided.
The power to lear... | wikipedia |
wiki_32495_chunk_1 | Barrow Area Information Database | The BAID Internet Map Server (BAID-IMS) is freely available to scientists, land managers, educators and the local community. Users can navigate to areas of interest and explore or query information about field-based scientific research. Current and historic research sites are shown as points with links to details abo... | wikipedia |
wiki_37550_chunk_21 | Generic-case complexity | In a 2006 paper, Bogdanov and Trevisan came close to defining generic case complexity. Instead of partial algorithms, they consider so-called errorless heuristic algorithms. These are
complete algorithms which may fail by halting with output "?". The class AvgnegP is defined
to consist of all errorless heuristic algor... | wikipedia |
wiki_2247_chunk_6 | Experimental mathematics | If a counterexample is being sought or a large-scale proof by exhaustion is being attempted, distributed computing techniques may be used to divide the calculations between multiple computers. Frequent use is made of general mathematical software or domain-specific software written for attacks on problems that require ... | wikipedia |
wiki_17820_chunk_16 | List of Quantum Leap characters | Lee Harvey Oswald (Willie Garson) - An emotionally disturbed man believed to be the sole assassin of President John F. Kennedy.
Clint Hill (Himself (archival photographs)) - A Secret Service agent on President Kennedy's protection detail.
Nikos Stathatos (Socrates Alafouzos) - A sailor marooned on an island with a be... | wikipedia |
wiki_6720_chunk_15 | Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager | Ramaty High-Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI)
RHESSI is intended to image at high resolution solar flares in X-rays and gamma rays. The X-rays and gamma rays covers an energy range of 3 keV-20 MeV with an energy resolution of about 1 keV and a spatial resolution of just a few seconds of arc. The imaging is ac... | wikipedia |
wiki_5978_chunk_7 | Nanorobotics | Nanorobot race
In the same ways that technology research and development drove the space race and nuclear arms race, a race for nanorobots is occurring. There is plenty of ground allowing nanorobots to be included among the emerging technologies. Some of the reasons are that large corporations, such as General Electric... | wikipedia |
wiki_445_chunk_43 | Probability distribution | Beta distribution, for a single probability (real number between 0 and 1); conjugate to the Bernoulli distribution and binomial distribution
Gamma distribution, for a non-negative scaling parameter; conjugate to the rate parameter of a Poisson distribution or exponential distribution, the precision (inverse variance) ... | wikipedia |
wiki_8168_chunk_43 | Business process re-engineering | The first step towards any successful transformation effort is to convey an understanding of the necessity for change. Management rewards system, stories of company origin and early successes of founders, physical symbols, and company icons constantly enforce the message of the current culture. Implementing BPR success... | wikipedia |
wiki_7906_chunk_11 | Principles and Standards for School Mathematics | Number and Operations and Algebra: Developing quick recall of multiplication facts and related division facts and fluency with whole number multiplicationStudents use understandings of multiplication to develop quick recall of the basic multiplication facts and related division facts. They apply their understanding of ... | wikipedia |
wiki_2056_chunk_45 | Code-switching | Limitations
The lack of controlled environments for test subjects and their cognitive capabilities regarding language use and fluency has long been a concern in multilingual experimentation. Researchers try to "offset" results that follow no trends by analyzing social and linguistic history of the populations they are... | wikipedia |
wiki_19011_chunk_5 | Configuration (geometry) | Notable projective configurations include the following:
(11), the simplest possible configuration, consisting of a point incident to a line. Often excluded as being trivial.
(32), the triangle. Each of its three sides meets two of its three vertices, and vice versa. More generally any polygon of sides forms a confi... | wikipedia |
wiki_6889_chunk_5 | Spigot algorithm | Calculating each of these terms and adding them to a running total where we again only keep the fractional part, we have:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! k
! A = 27−k
! B = A mod k
! C = B / k
! Sum of C mod 1
|-
| 1
| 64
| 0
| 0
| 0
|-
| 2
| 32
| 0
| 0
| 0
|-
| 3
| 16
| 1
| 1/3
| 1/3
|-
| 4
| 8
| 0
| 0
| 1/3
|-
| 5
| 4
| 4
... | wikipedia |
wiki_3117_chunk_9 | International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants | The Code now permits electronic-only publication of names of new taxa; no longer will it be a requirement to deposit some paper copies in libraries.
The requirement for a Latin validating diagnosis or description was changed to allow either English or Latin for these essential components of the publication of a new na... | wikipedia |
wiki_13013_chunk_5 | Tiny C Compiler | Here are two benchmark examples:
A recursive Fibonacci algorithm on a 1.8 GHz Intel Centrino laptop with 512 MB RAM yields a noticeable difference in results between Microsoft Visual C++ compiler 13.10.3052 and TCC. To calculate the 49th Fibonacci number, it took a MS Visual C++ program approximately 18% longer than th... | wikipedia |
wiki_1928_chunk_19 | Real options valuation | Closed form, Black–Scholes-like solutions are sometimes employed. These are applicable only for European styled options or perpetual American options. Note that this application of Black–Scholes assumes constant — i.e. deterministic — costs: in cases where the project's costs, like its revenue, are also assumed stochas... | wikipedia |
wiki_4737_chunk_8 | Atmospheric chemistry | Laboratory studies
Measurements made in the laboratory are essential to our understanding of the sources and sinks of pollutants and naturally occurring compounds. These experiments are performed in controlled environments that allow for the individual evaluation of specific chemical reactions or the assessment of pro... | wikipedia |
wiki_6055_chunk_15 | G-code | Two high-level paradigm shifts have been toward: abandoning "manual programming" (with nothing but a pencil or text editor and a human mind) for CAM software systems that generate G-code automatically via postprocessors (analogous to the development of visual techniques in general programming)
abandoning hardcoded con... | wikipedia |
wiki_279_chunk_4 | Erectile dysfunction | Causes
Causes of or contributors to ED include the following:
Diets high in saturated fat are linked to heart disease and men with heart disease are more likely to experience ED. By contrast, plant-based diets show a lower risk for ED.
Prescription drugs (e.g., SSRIs, beta blockers, alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist... | wikipedia |
wiki_16547_chunk_6 | Cell microprocessor implementations | Understanding the limitations of the restrictive two pipeline design is one of the key concepts a programmer must grasp to write efficient SPU code at the lowest level of abstraction. For programmers working at higher levels of abstraction, a good compiler will automatically balance pipeline concurrency where possible.... | wikipedia |
wiki_28186_chunk_3 | African Malaria Network Trust | Continued failure of current strategies (prompt diagnosis, early correct treatment, and the use of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) calls for a need to develop entirely new tools that would contribute to the fight of a resilient enemy and reverse its devastation. Over the last three decades there has been considerable i... | wikipedia |
wiki_32591_chunk_1 | Project management simulation | Training
Project management simulation for training is an interactive learning activity, frequently practiced as a group exercise. The purpose of the simulation is to impart to students the competencies (i.e. knowledge, skills, and attitudes) that will ultimately improve their performance.
It confronts trainees with t... | wikipedia |
wiki_15691_chunk_11 | List of proprietary software for Linux | First-person shooter
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto; margin:auto;"
!style="text-align:center;"|Game
!style="text-align:center;"|Publisher
!style="text-align:center;"|Support status
!style="text-align:center;"|Native binary
!style="text-align:center;"|Source code
!style="text-align:center;"|Pricing
|-
... | wikipedia |
wiki_2681_chunk_5 | Tierra (computer simulation) | Further reading
Bentley, Peter, J. 2001, "Digital Biology:How Nature is transforming Our Technology and Our Lives", Simon & Schuster, New York, NY. Previously published in Great Britain in 2001 by Headline Book Publishing.
Ray, T. S. 1991, "Evolution and optimization of digital organisms", in Billingsley K.R. et al.... | wikipedia |
wiki_400_chunk_15 | Neuroscience | Making sense of the nervous system's dynamic complexity is a formidable research challenge. Ultimately, neuroscientists would like to understand every aspect of the nervous system, including how it works, how it develops, how it malfunctions, and how it can be altered or repaired. Analysis of the nervous system is ther... | wikipedia |
wiki_12579_chunk_22 | Entropy in thermodynamics and information theory | Shannon entropy has been related by physicist Léon Brillouin to a concept sometimes called negentropy. In 1953, Brillouin derived a general equation stating that the changing of an information bit value requires at least kT ln(2) energy. This is the same energy as the work Leo Szilard's engine produces in the idealist... | wikipedia |
wiki_36736_chunk_19 | Conditional probability | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:300px"
|+ Table 3
! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | +
! colspan=6 | D2
|-
! scope="col" | 1
! scope="col" | 2
! scope="col" | 3
! scope="col" | 4
! scope="col" | 5
! scope="col" | 6
|-
! rowspan=6 scope="row" | D1
! 1
| style="background:silver;" | 2 || style="background:silve... | wikipedia |
wiki_26525_chunk_12 | Materials science in science fiction | In the 2016 tenth season of the television show The X-Files, the episode "My Struggle" features a triangular, levitating aircraft built from alien technology. When Fox Mulder asks a scientist how the aircraft could turn invisible, the scientist states "Element 115: Ununpentium," apparently obtained from the alien space... | wikipedia |
wiki_16532_chunk_1 | Computational visualistics | Overview
Images take a rather prominent place in contemporary life in the western societies. Together with language, they have been connected to human culture from the very beginning. For about one century – after several millennia of written word's dominance – their part is increasing again remarkably. Steps toward a... | wikipedia |
wiki_15364_chunk_21 | Mathematical sociology | The Mathematical Sociology section of The American Sociological Association in 2002 initiated awards for contributions to the field, including The James S. Coleman Distinguished Career Achievement Award. (Coleman had died in 1995 before the section had been established.) Given every other year, the awardees include so... | wikipedia |
wiki_15536_chunk_7 | Parks–McClellan filter design algorithm | The Parks–McClellan Algorithm may be restated as the following steps:
Make an initial guess of the L+2 extremal frequencies.
Compute δ using the equation given.
Using Lagrange Interpolation, we compute the dense set of samples of A(ω) over the passband and stopband.
Determine the new L+2 largest extrema.
If the al... | wikipedia |
wiki_5536_chunk_2 | Unicon (programming language) | Feature list
Classes and packages
Exceptions as a contributed class library - see mailing list
Loadable child programs
Monitoring of child programs
Dynamic loading of C modules (some platforms)
Multiple inheritance, with novel semantics
ODBC database access
dbm files can be used as associative arrays
Posix sys... | wikipedia |
wiki_28992_chunk_11 | Routing in delay-tolerant networking | An adaptive algorithm is used to determine the delivery predictabilities in each Mule. The Mule M stores delivery predictabilities P(M,D) for each known destination D. If the Mule has not stored a predictability value for a destination P(M,D) is assumed to be zero. The delivery predictabilities used by each Mule ... | wikipedia |
wiki_36606_chunk_8 | National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis | Research
The need for the Institute arose out of the significant growth of the field of mathematical biology over the last decade with research becoming more closely linked to observation and experiment. Rather than starting from mathematical abstractions, it is now common for researchers to: 1) Begin with observation... | wikipedia |
wiki_14220_chunk_6 | Yerevan Physics Institute | Below are the integral parameters characterizing the efficiency of research conducted by national lab: number of publications and citations. The sizable enlargement of both parameters during last years is apparent. National lab scientists publish appr. 30% of scientific publications of Armenia. Most of publications app... | wikipedia |
wiki_29330_chunk_1 | Monoculture (computer science) | Overview
With the global trend of increased usage and reliance on computerized systems, some vendors supply solutions that are used throughout the industry (such as Microsoft Windows) - this forms algorithmic monocultures. Monocultures form naturally since they utilize economies of scale, it is cheaper to manufacture ... | wikipedia |
wiki_30212_chunk_3 | Car Mechanics | Project cars
In the early days of Car Mechanics, project cars were an important part of the magazine and Kelsey reintroduced them, having now had over 100 project cars since 1992. Current projects include a Ford Fiesta MkVII and a Vauxhall Insignia. Past projects have ranged in price from free - Volvo 240, Rover 600, F... | wikipedia |
wiki_1061_chunk_3 | Bresenham's line algorithm | A description of the line drawing routine was accepted for presentation at the 1963 ACM national convention in Denver, Colorado. It was a year in which no proceedings were published, only the agenda of speakers and topics in an issue of Communications of the ACM. A person from the IBM Systems Journal asked me after I m... | wikipedia |
wiki_12276_chunk_0 | Microsimulation | Microsimulation (from microanalytic simulation or microscopic simulation) is a category of computerized analytical tools that perform highly detailed analysis of activities such as highway traffic flowing through an intersection, financial transactions, or pathogens spreading disease through a population. Microsimulati... | wikipedia |
wiki_19395_chunk_5 | Functional reactive programming | Implementation issues There are two types of FRP systems, push-based and pull-based. Push-based systems take events and push them through a signal network to achieve a result. Pull-based systems wait until the result is demanded, and work backwards through the network to retrieve the value demanded. Some FRP systems su... | wikipedia |
wiki_27325_chunk_5 | American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association | Technical committees
AREMA has 29 technical committees, organized in six functional groups. The committees, whose volunteer members come from the railroad industry, meet on a regular basis and use their expertise to come up with the best methods to maintain a railroad.
Structures
Timber Structures (Committee 7)
Concret... | wikipedia |
wiki_9704_chunk_6 | Goertzel algorithm | DFT computations
For the important case of computing a DFT term, the following special restrictions are applied.
The filtering terminates at index , where is the number of terms in the input sequence of the DFT.
The frequencies chosen for the Goertzel analysis are restricted to the special form The index number in... | wikipedia |
wiki_11354_chunk_2 | Ben Mathews | |- style="background-color: #EAEAEA"
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1997
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 36 || 4 || 1 || 0 || 18 || 13 || 31 || 3 || 5 || 0.3 || 0.0 || 4.5 || 3.3 || 7.8 || 0.8 || 1.3
|-
! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 1998
|style="text-align:center;"|
| 36 || 0 || — || — || — || — |... | wikipedia |
wiki_7131_chunk_4 | Revolutions per minute | On many kinds of disc recording media, the rotational speed of the medium under the read head is a standard given in rpm. Phonograph (gramophone) records, for example, typically rotate steadily at , , 45 or 78 rpm (0.28, 0.55, 0.75, or 1.3 Hz respectively).
Modern air turbine dental drills can rotate at up to 800,000 r... | wikipedia |
wiki_37773_chunk_11 | Statistics education | Scheaffer states that a goal of statistics education is to have students see statistics broadly. He developed a list of views of statistics that can lead to this broad view, and describes them as follows:
Statistics as number sense: Do I understand what the numbers mean? (seeing data as numbers in context, reading cha... | wikipedia |
wiki_15804_chunk_1 | Molecular model | Overview
Physical models of atomistic systems have played an important role in understanding chemistry and generating and testing hypotheses. Most commonly there is an explicit representation of atoms, though other approaches such as soap films and other continuous media have been useful. There are several motivations... | wikipedia |
wiki_36620_chunk_7 | Grey Literature Network Service | GreyNet and the OpenGrey Repository
For the past 20 years, GreyNet has sought to serve researchers and authors in the field of grey literature. To further this end, GreyNet has signed on to the OpenGrey repository and in so doing seeks to preserve and make openly available research results originating in the Internati... | wikipedia |
wiki_13839_chunk_16 | Computational theory of mind | Pancomputationalism
Supporters of CTM are faced with a simple yet important question whose answer has proved elusive and controversial: what does it take for a physical system (such as a mind, or an artificial computer) to perform computations? A very straightforward account is based on a simple mapping between abstra... | wikipedia |
wiki_18985_chunk_24 | Reader's Digest Select Editions | 2011Volume 313 - #1 61 Hours - Lee Child
Small Change - Sheila Roberts
Nowhere to Run - C. J. Box
Leaving Unknown - Kerry ReichsVolume 314 - #2 Crossfire - Dick Francis and Felix Francis
Sweet Misfortune - Kevin Alan Milne
Outwitting Trolls - William G. Tapply
Letters from Home - Kristina McMorrisVolume 315 - #3... | wikipedia |
wiki_15699_chunk_2 | List of Ace miscellaneous letter-series single titles | D-032 NA Dorothy Malone Cookbook For Beginners (1953)
D-043 NA George S. Viereck and Paul Eldridge Salome: My First 2000 Years Of Love (1953)
S-054 NA Carl Offord The Naked Fear (1954)
S-058 NA Joachim Joesten Vice, Inc. (1954)
D-062 NA Ken Murray Ken Murray's Giant Joke Book (1954)
D-065 NA Juanita Osborne Tornado Ed... | wikipedia |
wiki_2469_chunk_8 | Varicella zoster virus | The genome was first sequenced in 1986. It is a linear duplex DNA molecule, a laboratory strain has 124,884 base pairs. The genome has 2 predominant isomers, depending on the orientation of the S segment, P (prototype) and IS (inverted S) which are present with equal frequency for a total frequency of 90–95%. The L s... | wikipedia |
wiki_2443_chunk_140 | Quantitative genetics | Applications (parent-offspring)
The most obvious application is an experiment that contains all parents and their offspring, with or without reciprocal crosses, preferably replicated without bias, enabling estimation of all appropriate means, variances and covariances, together with their standard errors. These estima... | wikipedia |
wiki_20870_chunk_1 | One-pass algorithm | Example problems solvable by one-pass algorithms
Given any list as an input:
Count the number of elements. Given a list of numbers:
Find the k largest or smallest elements, k given in advance.
Find the sum, mean, variance and standard deviation of the elements of the list. See also Algorithms for calculating varianc... | wikipedia |
wiki_2858_chunk_9 | TRAC (programming language) | Example program
TRAC T84 script to compute Fibonacci numbers:
:(s,fibo,(
:(ei,<1>, 1, 0,(
:(ei,<1>, 2, 1,(
:(aa, :(ri,fibo,:(as, <1>,1)),:(ri,fibo,:(as, <1>,2)))
))
))
))`
:(mw,fibo)' See also
TTM (programming language), a programming language inspired by TRAC References | wikipedia |
wiki_10559_chunk_4 | Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code | History
The Monte Carlo method for radiation particle transport has its origins at LANL dates back to 1946. The creators of these methods were Drs. Stanislaw Ulam, John von Neumann, Robert Richtmyer, and Nicholas Metropolis. Monte Carlo for radiation transport was conceived by Stanislaw Ulam in 1946 while playing So... | wikipedia |
wiki_19091_chunk_4 | Natality in population ecology | Calculating Natality for Animals has become an important part of the research for preservation of species. Studies have been conducted to determine whether a species may be going extinct because of climate or availability of resources. Measuring the natality of a species during extreme conditions such as drastic clim... | wikipedia |
wiki_20036_chunk_0 | Molecular cytogenetics | Molecular cytogenetics combines two disciplines, molecular biology and cytogenetics, and involves the analysis of chromosome structure to help distinguish normal and cancer-causing cells. Human cytogenetics began in 1956 when it was discovered that normal human cells contain 46 chromosomes. However, the first microscop... | wikipedia |
wiki_31426_chunk_58 | Nuclear power debate | Prevented mortality
In March 2013, climate scientists Pushker Kharecha and James Hansen published a paper in Environmental Science & Technology, entitled Prevented mortality and greenhouse gas emissions from historical and projected nuclear power. It estimated an average of 1.8 million lives saved worldwide by the use ... | wikipedia |
wiki_14646_chunk_10 | Relation algebra | The most complete set of results of this nature is Chapter C of Carnap (1958), where the notation is rather distant from that of this entry. Chapter 3.2 of Suppes (1960) contains fewer results, presented as ZFC theorems and using a notation that more resembles that of this entry. Neither Carnap nor Suppes formulated t... | wikipedia |
wiki_29005_chunk_1 | IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry 2005 | The recommendations take up over 300 pages and the full text can be downloaded from IUPAC. Corrections have been issued. Apart from a reorganisation of the content, there is a new section on organometallics and a formal element list to be used in place of electronegativity lists in sequencing elements in formulae and n... | wikipedia |
wiki_18711_chunk_5 | Systems Biology Ontology | Since Level 2 Version 2 SBML provides a mechanism to annotate model components with SBO terms, therefore increasing the semantics of the
model beyond the sole topology of interaction and mathematical expression. Modelling tools such as SBMLsqueezer use SBO terms too. Simulation tools can check the consistency of a rat... | wikipedia |
wiki_878_chunk_13 | Cello (web browser) | An example of how to invoke Cello from a Microsoft Word macro:
Sub MAIN
ChanNum = DDEInitiate("Cello", "URL")
DDEExecute(ChanNum, "http://www.law.cornell.edu")
DDETerminate(ChanNum)
End Sub System requirements
Cello has the following system requirements: | wikipedia |
wiki_1733_chunk_29 | Multi-function printer | Software
Computer systems equipped with the proper software must be able to take advantage of the MFP's capabilities, an important requirement to research when considering integrating an MFP with an existing office. Some or all of the following functionality might be provided: Device administration and configuration
D... | wikipedia |
wiki_32922_chunk_7 | Earthquake Engineering Research Institute | Student involvement
EERI has a student chapter in 29 colleges across the U.S. to further promote interest in earthquake engineering. A few representatives from each chapter make up the Student Leadership Council (SLC). Since 2008 the EERI and SLC have held the Undergraduate Seismic Design Competition, which was previo... | wikipedia |
wiki_8666_chunk_23 | Tests of general relativity | Gravitational lensing
One of the most important tests is gravitational lensing. It has been observed in distant astrophysical sources, but these are poorly controlled and it is uncertain how they constrain general relativity. The most precise tests are analogous to Eddington's 1919 experiment: they measure the deflecti... | wikipedia |
wiki_15477_chunk_17 | Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology | Organisations and clubs
Students of RUET are involved in different organisations and clubs of the university. Members of these organisations and clubs organise different national programs at RUET. They also participate in different national and international competitions and shows indomitable performances. Some of the ... | wikipedia |
wiki_29899_chunk_1 | Continuous functions on a compact Hausdorff space | By Urysohn's lemma, separates points of : If are distinct points, then there is an such that
The space is infinite-dimensional whenever is an infinite space (since it separates points). Hence, in particular, it is generally not locally compact.
The Riesz–Markov–Kakutani representation theorem gives a character... | wikipedia |
wiki_19705_chunk_25 | Java version history | JSR 376: Modularization of the JDK under Project Jigsaw (Java Platform Module System)
JavaDB was removed from JDK
, define a standard means to invoke the equivalents of various java.util.concurrent.atomic and sun.misc.Unsafe operations
, allow @SafeVarargs on private instance methods; Allow effectively-final variabl... | wikipedia |
wiki_7906_chunk_7 | Principles and Standards for School Mathematics | Content standards
Number and Operations: These are the fundamental basis of all mathematics, and teaching this critical area is the first content standard. All students must be taught to "understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems; understand meanings of operat... | wikipedia |
wiki_1696_chunk_2 | Relevance logic | How does relevance logic formally capture a notion of relevance? In terms of a syntactical constraint for a propositional calculus, it is necessary, but not sufficient, that premises and conclusion share atomic formulae (formulae that do not contain any logical connectives). In a predicate calculus, relevance requires ... | wikipedia |
wiki_2604_chunk_5 | Quine–McCluskey algorithm | Step 1: finding prime implicants
First, we write the function as a table (where 'x' stands for don't care):
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! !! A !! B !! C !! D !! f
|-
| m0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| m1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| m2 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0
|-
| m3 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0
|-
| m4 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0... | wikipedia |
wiki_9173_chunk_4 | Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering | represents:
the first angle in a triangle, opposite the side A
the statistical significance of a result
the false positive rate in statistics ("Type I" error)
the fine structure constant in physics
the angle of attack of an aircraft
an alpha particle (He2+)
angular acceleration in physics
the linear thermal exp... | wikipedia |
wiki_10362_chunk_1 | Pedotransfer function | The term pedotransfer function was coined by Johan Bouma as translating data we have into what we need. The most readily available data comes from a soil survey, such as the field morphology, soil texture, structure and pH. Pedotransfer functions add value to this basic information by translating them into estimates of... | wikipedia |
wiki_12693_chunk_7 | Jerusalem (computer virus) | Get Password 1 (GP1): Discovered in 1991, this Novell NetWare-specific virus attempts to gather passwords from the NetWare DOS shell in memory upon user login, which it then broadcasts to a specific socket number on the network where a companion program can recover them. This virus does not work on Novell 2.x and newer... | wikipedia |
wiki_11083_chunk_1 | National Council for Scientific and Technological Development | Background
The main attributes that the National Council for scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) see towards is the national development of Brazilian researchers and institutes, while developing recognition it wants on a global scale. The CNPq was started in 1951, and has a leading role in conducting and f... | wikipedia |
wiki_7134_chunk_13 | Philomathean Society | Notable Philomatheans
Philomatheans have included at least seven United States Representatives, three United States Senators, two ambassadors, and the founder of the Philadelphia Museum of Art, The Daily Pennsylvanian, Mask and Wig and the Pennsylvania Punch Bowl. Prominent Philomatheans have included:
Thomas M. Pettit... | wikipedia |
wiki_32882_chunk_2 | Partial element equivalent circuit | The PEEC method is not one of the most common techniques used in EM simulation software or as a research area but it has just been starting to gain recognition and for the first time there is a session at the 2001 IEEE EMC Symposium named after the technique. In the mid 1990s, two researchers from the University of L'A... | wikipedia |
wiki_1547_chunk_2 | Geek Code | Format
Geek codes can be written in two formats; either as a simple string:
GED/J d-- s:++>: a-- C++(++++) ULU++ P+ L++ E---- W+(-) N+++ o+ K+++ w--- O- M+ V-- PS++>$ PE++>$ Y++ PGP++ t- 5+++ X++ R+++>$ tv+ b+ DI+++ D+++ G+++++ e++ h r-- y++**
...or as a "Geek Code Block", a parody of the output produced by the encry... | wikipedia |
wiki_27332_chunk_0 | List of group-0 ISBN publisher codes | A list of publisher codes for (978) International Standard Book Numbers with a group code of zero. Assignation The group-0 publisher codes are assigned as follows: 2-digit publisher codes 3-digit publisher codes
(Note: the status of codes not listed in this table is unclear; please help fill the gaps.) 4-digit publishe... | wikipedia |
wiki_26926_chunk_6 | Proof (comics) | Collected editions
The series has been collected into trade paperback:
Goatsucker (collects Proof #1-5, 128 pages, June 2008, )
The Company Of Men (collects Proof #6-9, 128 pages, December 2008, )
Thunderbirds Are Go! (collects Proof #10-16, 144 pages, July 2009, )
Julia (collects Proof #18-23, 128 pages, July 201... | wikipedia |
wiki_12383_chunk_21 | Philippine Statistics Authority | Functions
The PSA has the following functions: Serve as the central statistical authority of the Philippine government on primary data collection; Prepare and conduct periodic censuses on population, housing, agriculture, fisheries, business, industry, and other sectors of the economy; Collect, compile, analyze, abstr... | wikipedia |
wiki_13774_chunk_5 | Projection (mathematics) | In set theory:
An operation typified by the jth projection map, written projj, that takes an element of the Cartesian product to the value This map is always surjective.
A mapping that takes an element to its equivalence class under a given equivalence relation is known as the canonical projection.
The evaluation... | wikipedia |
wiki_2229_chunk_6 | Automated Mathematician | External links
Edmund Furse; Why did AM run out of steam?
Ken Haase's Ph.D. Thesis; Invention and Exploration in Discovery, a rational reconstruction of Doug Lenat's seminal AM program and an analysis of the relationship between invention and exploration in discovery.
open source Prolog claimed re-implementation of... | wikipedia |
wiki_8185_chunk_1 | Valence (chemistry) | Description
The combining capacity, or affinity of an atom of a given element is determined by the number of hydrogen atoms that it combines with. In methane, carbon has a valence of 4; in ammonia, nitrogen has a valence of 3; in water, oxygen has a valence of 2; and in hydrogen chloride, chlorine has a valence of 1. C... | wikipedia |
wiki_123_chunk_28 | Military engineering vehicle | T-54 Dozer - T-54 fitted with bulldozer blades for clearing soil, obstacles and snow.
ALT-55 - Bulldozer version of the T-55 with large flat-plate superstructure, angular concave dozer blade on front and prominent hydraulic rams for dozer blade.
T-55 hull fitted with an excavator body and armoured cab.
T-55 MARRS - ... | wikipedia |
wiki_12745_chunk_23 | Metabolic network modelling | Dynamic simulation and parameter estimation
In order to perform a dynamic simulation with such a network it is necessary to construct an ordinary differential equation
system that describes the rates of change in each metabolite's concentration or amount. To this end, a rate law, i.e., a kinetic equation that determine... | wikipedia |
wiki_2040_chunk_13 | Floyd–Warshall algorithm | Pseudocode
let dist be a array of minimum distances initialized to (infinity)
let next be a array of vertex indices initialized to null
procedure FloydWarshallWithPathReconstruction() is
for each edge (u, v) do
dist[u][v] ← w(u, v) // The weight of the edge (u, v)
next[u][v] ← v
f... | wikipedia |
wiki_34534_chunk_14 | Jordan operator algebra | Classification of JBW factors of Type I
The JBW factor of Type I1 is the real numbers.
The JBW factors of Type I2 are the spin factors. Let H be a real Hilbert space of dimension greater than 1. Set M = H ⊕ R with inner product (u⊕λ,v⊕μ) =(u,v) + λμ and product (u⊕λ)∘(v⊕μ)=( μu + λv) ⊕ [(u,v) + λμ]. With the operat... | wikipedia |
wiki_1855_chunk_11 | Processor power dissipation | Reduction
Power consumption can be reduced in several ways, including the following:
Voltage reduction dual-voltage CPUs, dynamic voltage scaling, undervolting, etc.
Frequency reduction underclocking, dynamic frequency scaling, etc.
Capacitance reduction increasingly integrated circuits that replace PCB traces betw... | wikipedia |
wiki_31568_chunk_1 | Timeline of geometry | 1st millennium BC
800 BC – Baudhayana, author of the Baudhayana Sulba Sutra, a Vedic Sanskrit geometric text, contains quadratic equations, and calculates the square root of 2 correct to five decimal places
ca. 600 BC – the other Vedic “Sulba Sutras” (“rule of chords” in Sanskrit) use Pythagorean triples, contain of ... | wikipedia |
wiki_15970_chunk_0 | List of MeSH codes (V01) | The following is a partial list of the "V" codes for Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), as defined by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM). This list continues the information at List of MeSH codes (N05). Codes following these are found at List of MeSH codes (V02). For other MeSH codes, see List of MeSH c... | wikipedia |
wiki_6933_chunk_5 | The Brand New Monty Python Bok | Ferdean School Library Check-out History
Safety Instructions
The Old Story Teller
Biggles
Page 6: Film Rights Still Available
Llap-Goch Advertisement
Edward Woodward's Fish Page
The Python Book of Etiquette
Famous First Drafts
Advertisements / My Garden Poem
A Puzzle
The Bigot Newsletter
The London Casebook of Detectiv... | wikipedia |
wiki_30830_chunk_18 | Data & Analysis Center for Software | DACS Technical Inquiry Services
As part of its outreach to address the needs of the software community, DACS provides a technical inquiry service, wherein it provides up to four hours of research, free of charge, to address any technical inquiry from any member of the DACS community. In some cases, DACS connects the in... | wikipedia |
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