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Computational phylogenetics
Fitch–Margoliash method The Fitch–Margoliash method uses a weighted least squares method for clustering based on genetic distance. Closely related sequences are given more weight in the tree construction process to correct for the increased inaccuracy in measuring distances between distantly related sequences. The dist...
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Bootstrapping (statistics)
Calculate the test statistic Create two new data sets whose values are and where is the mean of the combined sample. Draw a random sample () of size with replacement from and another random sample () of size with replacement from . Calculate the test statistic Repeat 3 and 4 times (e.g. ) to collect values ...
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Origin (data analysis software)
Recent versions of Origin have introduced and expanded on batch capabilities, with the goal of eliminating the need to program many routine operations. Instead the user relies on customizable graph templates, analysis dialog box Themes which save a particular suite of operations, auto recalculation on changes to data o...
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Cell (journal)
Contents and features In addition to original research articles, 'another section publishes previews, reviews, analytical articles, commentaries, essays, correspondence, current nomenclature lists, glossaries, and schematic diagrams of cellular processes. Features include "PaperClips" (short conversations between a Cel...
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Advanced Idea Mechanics
Marvel Adventures In the Marvel Adventures version of Iron Man, A.I.M., through the use of dummy companies, acquired Stark International's hover platform and uni-beam technology in their invasion of Madripoor, a third world country. Gia-Bao Yinsen tried to tell the world about A.I.M.'s terrorist attacks on his country....
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Self-modifying code
Semi-automatic optimizing of a state-dependent loop. Dynamic in-place code optimization for speed depending on load environment. Run-time code generation, or specialization of an algorithm in runtime or loadtime (which is popular, for example, in the domain of real-time graphics) such as a general sort utility – prep...
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The Three Laws of Robotics in popular culture
Webcomic author R. Stevens populates his Diesel Sweeties series with a mixture of humans and robots, most of whom are continually violating the Three Laws. In particular, Red Robot C-63 follows a self-appointed mandate to "crush all hu-mans". In strip 688, he references the Three Laws explicitly: humans are "all lik...
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Gadfly (database)
After installation, the created database can be interactively tested from the same directory using the interactive interpreter: Python 2.1.3 (#1, Apr 30 2002, 19:37:40) [GCC 2.96 20000731 (Red Hat Linux 7.1 2.96-96)] on linux2 Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> >>> from gadfly import gad...
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Educational neuroscience
The Horizontal Problem: Translating research findings: While education theory and data are almost exclusively behavioral, findings from neuroscience research can take on many forms (e.g. electrical, chemical, spatial, temporal etc.). The most common form of data taken from neuroscience to education is the spatial mappi...
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Dynamic programming language
Assembly, C, C++, early Java, and Fortran do not generally fit into this category. Example code The following examples show dynamic features using the language Common Lisp and its Common Lisp Object System (CLOS). Computation of code at runtime and late binding The example shows how a function can be modified at runtim...
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National Correct Coding Initiative
The National Correct Coding Initiative (NCCI) is a Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) program designed to prevent improper payment of procedures that should not be submitted together. There are two categories of edits: Physician Edits: these code pair edits apply to physicians, non-physician practitioners...
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Network science
Link analysis Link analysis is a subset of network analysis, exploring associations between objects. An example may be examining the addresses of suspects and victims, the telephone numbers they have dialed and financial transactions that they have partaken in during a given timeframe, and the familial relationships be...
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Computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software
Project Exchange Format In March 2019 the Rotterdam Exchange Format Initiative (REFI) launched a new open exchange standard for qualitative data called QDA-XML. The aim is to allow users to bring coded qualitative data from one software package to another. Initially support was included in Atlas.ti, QDA Miner, Quirkos ...
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Neuromorphic engineering
A research project with implications for neuromorphic engineering is the Human Brain Project that is attempting to simulate a complete human brain in a supercomputer using biological data. It is made up of a group of researchers in neuroscience, medicine, and computing. Henry Markram, the project's co-director, has sta...
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Mechanical systems drawing
Schematic drawing The schematic is a line diagram, not necessarily to scale, that describes interconnection of components in a system. The main features of a schematic drawing show: A two dimensional layout with divisions that show distribution of the system between building levels, or an isometric-style layout that sh...
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Computational visualistics
Algorithms from "not-image" to »image« The investigation of possibilities gained by the operations that result in instances of the data type »image« but take as a starting point instances of non-pictorial data types is performed in particular in computer graphics and information visualization. The former deals with ima...
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Hirschberg's algorithm
function Hirschberg(X, Y) Z = "" W = "" if length(X) == 0 for i = 1 to length(Y) Z = Z + '-' W = W + Yi end else if length(Y) == 0 for i = 1 to length(X) Z = Z + Xi W = W + '-' end else if length(X) == 1 or ...
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Roxxon Energy Corporation
Staff Bill - Helicopter pilot for Roxxon's Long Island division. Carson - A security operative. Chester - A floating oil refinery worker for Roxxon Oil. Chief Compton - Supervisor of Roxxon's underground NYC facility. Larry Curtiss - A security operative. Davis - A scientist who is an assistant to Jonas Harrow. ...
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Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering
From GATE 2014 onward (and year 2014-15 of the 2-year validity period of GATE 2013 score), a candidate's GATE score is computed by the following new formula. where, S = Score (normalized) of a candidate, M = Marks obtained by a candidate ("normalized marks" in case of multiple-session subjects CE, CS, EC, EE and M...
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Military engineering vehicle
IMR-2 (Inzhenernaya Mashina Razgrashdeniya) - Combat engineering vehicle (CEV). It has a telescoping crane arm which can lift between 5 and 11 metric tons and utilizes a pincers for uprooting trees. Pivoted at the front of the vehicle is a dozer blade that can be used in a V-configuration or as a straight dozer blade. ...
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List of Sinclair QL software
This is a list of software titles produced for the Sinclair QL personal computer. Notation: Program name (purpose), publisher, first release Utilities # 3D Precision, High-Precision Imaging System, Digital Precision A Abacus (Spreadsheet), Psion (Sinclair), 1984 APL Interpreter ArcED, coWo Archive (Database), Ps...
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List of Valencia CF records and statistics
Overall seasons table in La Liga {|class="wikitable" |-bgcolor="#efefef" ! Pos. ! Club ! Season In D1 ! Pl. ! W ! D ! L ! GS ! GA ! Dif. ! Pts !Champion !2nd place !3rd place !4th place |- |align=center|3|Valencia|align=center |80|align=center|2588 |align=center|1163 |align=center|598 |align=center|827 |align=center...
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Computer-aided audit tools
Comparison by analysis features The following table compares features of specialized computer-aided audit tools. The table has several fields, as follows:Product Name: Product's name; sometime includes edition if a certain edition is targeted.Age analysis: Specifies whether the product supports making age analysis (str...
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Traditional ecological knowledge
The integration of TTL into the EPA's risk assessment paradigm is one example of how the EPA-Tribal Science Council has been able to enact change in EPA culture. The risk assessment paradigm is an "organizing framework for the scientific analysis of the potential for harmful impacts to human health and the environment ...
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List of Macintosh software published by Microsoft
Pre-Microsoft Macintosh Business Unit (1984-1998) Microsoft BASIC Version 1.0 - Version 3.0 (1984–1986) Microsoft Multiplan (1984) Microsoft Excel Version 1.0 (1985), 1.5 (1988), 2.2 (1989), 3.0 (1990), 4.0 (1992), 5.0 (1993) Microsoft Word Version 1.0 (1985), 3.0 (1987), 4.0 (1989), 5.x (1991), 6.0 (1993) Microso...
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Interaction (statistics)
Examples Real-world examples of interaction include: Interaction between adding sugar to coffee and stirring the coffee. Neither of the two individual variables has much effect on sweetness but a combination of the two does. Interaction between adding carbon to steel and quenching. Neither of the two individually has m...
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Well-known text representation of geometry
Format variations EWKT and EWKB – Extended Well-Known Text/Binary A PostGIS-specific format that includes the spatial reference system identifier (SRID) and up to 4 ordinate values (XYZM). For example: SRID=4326;POINT(-44.3 60.1) to locate a longitude/latitude coordinate using the WGS 84 reference coordinate system. ...
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MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Notable researchers (Including members and alumni of CSAIL's predecessor laboratories) MacArthur Fellows Tim Berners-Lee, Erik Demaine, Dina Katabi, Daniela L. Rus, Regina Barzilay, Peter Shor, Richard Stallman, and Joshua Tenenbaum Turing Award recipients Leonard M. Adleman, Fernando J. Corbató, Shafi Goldwasser, B...
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Geotechnical engineering
The observational method was proposed by Karl Terzaghi and discussed in a paper by Ralph B. Peck (1969) in an effort to reduce the costs during construction incurred by designing earth structures based on the most-unfavorable assumptions (in other words, geological conditions, soil engineering properties and so on). In...
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Bellman–Ford algorithm
function BellmanFord(list vertices, list edges, vertex source) is // This implementation takes in a graph, represented as // lists of vertices (represented as integers [0..n-1]) and edges, // and fills two arrays (distance and predecessor) holding // the shortest path from the source to each verte...
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Catalyst Code
Catalyst Code is the first full-length book to examine the unique strategic problems faced by economic catalysts (or multi-sided platform businesses), enterprises that add value by facilitating interactions between two or more groups of customers who need each other in some way. Some familiar examples of economic catal...
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Indian mathematics
The surviving manuscript has seventy leaves, some of which are in fragments. Its mathematical content consists of rules and examples, written in verse, together with prose commentaries, which include solutions to the examples. The topics treated include arithmetic (fractions, square roots, profit and loss, simple inte...
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Sawzall (programming language)
Sawzall code This complete Sawzall program will read the input and produce three results: the number of records, the sum of the values, and the sum of the squares of the values. count: table sum of int; total: table sum of float; sum_of_squares: table sum of float; x: float = input; emit count <- 1; emit total <- ...
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Functional decomposition
Characteristics of hierarchy and modularity In natural or artificial systems that require components to be integrated in some fashion, but where the number of components exceeds what could reasonably be fully interconnected (due to square wise growth in number of connections (= n over two or = n * (n - 1) / 2)), one of...
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Powercfg
Parameters {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! rowspan=2 | Parameter ! rowspan=2 | Description ! colspan=2 | OS |- ! XP ! Other |- |style="vertical-align:top"|/l[ist] |style="vertical-align:top"|Lists all power schemes in the current user's environment. |style="background:#90ff90;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-a...
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FP (programming language)
FP84's semantics are embodied in an underlying algebra of programs, a set of function-level equalities that may be used to manipulate and reason about programs. References Sacrificing simplicity for convenience: Where do you draw the line?, John H. Williams and Edward L. Wimmers, IBM Almaden Research Center, Proceeding...
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Best practicable environmental option
Critique The ideology behind the BPEO expresses concern for social improvements—in addition to the focus on economic viability, a reduction in overall resource consumption, and its associated environmental impacts—though, in reality, the methodology and practical resources used to determine the BPEO, by way of Life Cy...
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Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation
Description The NEES network features 14 geographically distributed, shared-use laboratories that support several types of experimental work: geotechnical centrifuge research, shake table tests, large-scale structural testing, tsunami wave basin experiments, and field site research. Participating universities include: ...
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Geological Association of Canada
Membership Membership in the Geological Association of Canada is open to all geoscientists and those interested in geoscience. Membership can be renewed annually with members receiving many benefits including: Reduced rates on Subscription to Geoscience Canada, GAC’s Flagship Journal Free Online Subscription to GEOL...
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World Network of Biosphere Reserves
Criteria and periodic review process Article 4 of the defines general criteria for an area to be qualified for designation as a biosphere reserve as follows: It should encompass a mosaic of ecological systems representative of major biogeographic regions, including a gradation of human interventions. It should be...
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Wind power forecasting
There are a number of questions that have still yet to be answered, according to a report from a coalition of researchers from universities, industry, and government, supported by the Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future at Cornell University. They include: How do wind farms with their multiple wakes interact wit...
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Triangulation (geometry)
Types Different types of triangulations may be defined, depending both on what geometric object is to be subdivided and on how the subdivision is determined. A triangulation of is a subdivision of into -dimensional simplices such that any two simplices in intersect in a common face (a simplex of any lower dimensio...
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Process calculus
Developing new process calculi for better modeling of computational phenomena. Finding well-behaved subcalculi of a given process calculus. This is valuable because (1) most calculi are fairly wild in the sense that they are rather general and not much can be said about arbitrary processes; and (2) computational appli...
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Computers and Intractability
Open problems Another appendix of the book featured problems for which it was not known whether they were NP-complete or in P (or neither). The problems (with their original names) are: Graph isomorphism This problem is known to be in NP, but it is unknown if it is NP-complete. Subgraph homeomorphism (for a fixed gra...
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Information-based complexity
These results are empirical; where does computational complexity come in? QMC is not a panacea for all high dimensional integrals. What is special about financial derivatives? Here's a possible explanation. The dimensions in the CMO represent monthly future times. Due to the discounted value of money variables represe...
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Abundance (ecology)
Measurement There are several methods for measuring abundance. An example of this is Semi-Quantitive Abundance ratings. These are measurement methods which involve estimation based on viewing a specific area of a designated size. The two Semi-Quantitive Abundance ratings used are known as the D.A.F.O.R, and the A.C.F.O...
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Dearborn Center for Math, Science and Technology
Field trips Many of the field trips taken at DCMST do not include all students, as some have a limited number of spaces that are given out on a first-come, first-served basis. A handful to local colleges and universities such as University of Michigan–Dearborn, Henry Ford Community College, and Wayne State University (...
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Radioanalytical chemistry
As this is an analytical chemistry technique quality control is an important factor to maintain. A laboratory must produce trustworthy results. This can be accomplished by a laboratories continual effort to maintain instrument calibration, measurement reproducibility, and applicability of analytical methods. In all ...
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Bees algorithm
%% GBA's automatic parameter settings k = 3 * n / ((nGroups+1)^3 - 1); % GBA's parameter to set the number of scout bees in each group groups = zeros(1,nGroups); % An array to keep the number of scout bees for each group recruited_bees = zeros(1,nGroups); % An array to keep the number of recruited bees for each g...
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Computer Arts Society
There is a related Computer Arts Archive which is based in Leicester UK. The Computer Arts Archive is a not-for-profit company that collects, exhibits and promotes computer arts for the benefit of artists, audiences, curators, educators and researchers. Includes the CAS50 Collection (50 years since the founding of the ...
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Needleman–Wunsch algorithm
Advanced presentation of algorithm Scores for aligned characters are specified by a similarity matrix. Here, is the similarity of characters a and b. It uses a linear gap penalty, here called . For example, if the similarity matrix was then the alignment: AGACTAGTTAC CGA---GACGT with a gap penalty of −5, would have ...
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Glossary of Unified Modeling Language terms
M Merge - a point in an Activity diagram marking the end of the optional behavior started by a Decision Message - a signal from one object (or similar entity) to another, often with parameters. Often implemented as a call to a Method, including the Constructor and Destructor, of an Object in a Sequence diagram. Met...
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Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra database
ChemGate A database that was developed and maintained by the publisher John Wiley & Sons. This database included more than 700,000 NMR, IR and MS Spectra, statistics specific to the NMR spectra are not listed. The NMR data includes 1H,13C, 11B, 15N, 17O, 19F, 29Si, and 31P. The data were in the form of graphically ...
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Comparison of programming languages (associative array)
The library of the popular Standard ML of New Jersey (SML/NJ) implementation provides a signature (somewhat like an "interface"), ORD_MAP, which defines a common interface for ordered functional (immutable) associative arrays. There are several general functors—BinaryMapFn, ListMapFn, RedBlackMapFn, and SplayMapFn—that...
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Lazar Mathew
Prof (Dr). T. LAZAR MATHEW, B. V.Sc; M.Sc. (Med); Ph.D; D.Sc; FABMS., FIMSA., FISI., FAMS (born ) is currently Senior Advisor at Manipal University. He has over 5 decades of experience in teaching, research and technology management. He worked as Director of 3 establishments (Life Sciences, DEBEL & INMAS) of Defence R...
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GEORGE (operating system)
21.21.35← mk hellodir 21.28.10← dy hellodirThe system macro NEWCOPYIN is used to read from the tape serial number 123457. As the NEWCOPYIN macro loads a program the session becomes fully started (if the system was heavily loaded it might wait at this point). 21.28.16← newcopyin (123457) 21.28.32 JOB IS NOW FULLY STAR...
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Evaluation function
Example An example handcrafted evaluation function for chess might look like the following: c1 * material + c2 * mobility + c3 * king safety + c4 * center control + c5 * pawn structure + c6 * king tropism + ... Each of the terms is a weight multiplied by a difference factor: the value of white's material or positional...
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The Last One (software)
Example An example of a program to sort the names in a Christmas Card list in alphabetical order: 1. OPEN FILE <XMASLIST> 2. SET POINTER TO START OF FILE 3. SORT FILE 4. INPUT FROM FILE 5. IF END OF FILE REACHED BRANCH TO 8 6. OUTPUT DATA 7. UNCONDITIONAL BRANCH TO 4 8. TERMINATE References Notes THE LAST ONE Trademar...
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Single-molecule experiment
Single-molecule experiments versus ensemble experiments When looking at data related to individual molecules, one usually can construct propagators, and jumping time probability density functions, of the first order, the second order and so on, whereas from bulk experiments, one usually obtains the decay of a correlati...
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Neural modeling fields
Example of dynamic logic operations Finding patterns below noise can be an exceedingly complex problem. If an exact pattern shape is not known and depends on unknown parameters, these parameters should be found by fitting the pattern model to the data. However, when the locations and orientations of patterns are not kn...
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Calculus
Calculus is used in every branch of the physical sciences, actuarial science, computer science, statistics, engineering, economics, business, medicine, demography, and in other fields wherever a problem can be mathematically modeled and an optimal solution is desired. It allows one to go from (non-constant) rates of ch...
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Second Industrial Revolution
replacing rule-of-thumb work methods with methods based on a scientific study of the tasks scientifically selecting, training, and developing each employee rather than passively leaving them to train themselves providing "detailed instruction and supervision of each worker in the performance of that worker's discrete...
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Mathematical statistics
Special distributions Normal distribution, the most common continuous distribution Bernoulli distribution, for the outcome of a single Bernoulli trial (e.g. success/failure, yes/no) Binomial distribution, for the number of "positive occurrences" (e.g. successes, yes votes, etc.) given a fixed total number of independe...
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Profiling (computer programming)
A statistical summary of the events observed (a profile) Summary profile information is often shown annotated against the source code statements where the events occur, so the size of measurement data is linear to the code size of the program. /* ------------ source------------------------- count */ 0001 ...
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Encoded Archival Description
<eadheader audience="internal" countryencoding="iso3166-1" dateencoding="iso8601" langencoding="iso639-2b" relatedencoding="DC" repositoryencoding="iso15511" scriptencoding="iso15924"> <eadid countrycode="us" identifier="bachrach_lf" mainagencycode="NSyU">bachrach_lf</eadid> <filedesc> <titlestmt> ...
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Go (programming language)
where "fmt" is the package for formatted I/O, similar to C's C file input/output. Concurrency The following simple program demonstrates Go's concurrency features to implement an asynchronous program. It launches two lightweight threads ("goroutines"): one waits for the user to type some text, while the other implements...
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Cantor (software)
Cantor is a free software mathematics application for scientific statistics and analysis. It is part of the KDE Software Compilation 4, and was introduced with the 4.4 release as part of the KDE Education Project's kdeedu package. Features Cantor is a graphical user interface that delegates its mathematical operations ...
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Topological data analysis
Persistence landscapes, introduced by Peter Bubenik, are a different way to represent barcodes, more amenable to statistical analysis. The persistence landscape of a persistent module is defined as a function , , where denotes the extended real line and . The space of persistence landscapes is very nice: it inherits ...
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Programming Language for Business
IF (DF_EDIT[ITEM] = "PHYS") STATESAVE MYSTATE IF (C_F07B != 2) DISPLAY *SETSWALL 1:1:1:80: *BGCOLOR=2,*COLOR=15: *P49:1," 7-Find " ELSE DISPLAY *SETSWALL 1:1:1:80: *BGCOLOR=7,...
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SOFA Statistics
SOFA Statistics is an open-source statistical package. The name stands for Statistics Open For All. It has a graphical user interface and can connect directly to MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, MS Access (map), and Microsoft SQL Server. Data can also be imported from CSV and Tab-Separated files or spreadsheets (Microsoft...
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Software blueprint
Languages such as the Concurrent Description Language (CDL) separate an application's macroscopic logic (communication, synchronization and arbitration) from complex multi-threaded and/or multi-process applications into a single contiguous visual representation. The prescriptive nature of this description means that i...
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Pure function
Compiler optimizations Functions that have just the above property 2 allow for compiler optimization techniques such as common subexpression elimination and loop optimization similar to arithmetic operators. A C++ example is the length method, returning the size of a string, which depends on the memory contents where ...
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N-body simulation
orbital_entities[0] = { 0.0,0.0,0.0, 0.0,0.0,0.0, 1.989e30 }; // a star similar to the sun orbital_entities[1] = { 57.909e9,0.0,0.0, 0.0,47.36e3,0.0, 0.33011e24 }; // a planet similar to mercury orbital_entities[2] = { 108.209e9,0.0,0.0, 0.0,35.02e3,0.0, 4.8675e24 }; // a planet similar to venus ...
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Air America (radio network)
Original network programming for weekends included: Marc Sussman's Money Message (9–10a.m. ET Saturday) State of Belief with Rev. Dr. C. Welton Gaddy (10–11a.m. Saturday; rebroadcast 7–8p.m. ET Sunday)Freethought Radio with Dan Barker and Annie Laurie Gaylor (1–2p.m. ET Saturday)Go Vegan with Bob Linden (2–3p.m. ET S...
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OPTICS algorithm
function OPTICS(DB, eps, MinPts) is for each point p of DB do p.reachability-distance = UNDEFINED for each unprocessed point p of DB do N = getNeighbors(p, eps) mark p as processed output p to the ordered list if core-distance(p, eps, MinPts) != UNDEFINED then ...
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Watson (computer)
In healthcare, Watson's natural language, hypothesis generation, and evidence-based learning capabilities are being investigated to see how Watson may contribute to clinical decision support systems and the increase in artificial intelligence in healthcare for use by medical professionals. To aid physicians in the trea...
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Defense Manpower Data Center
Description The mission of DMDC can be summarized as follows: Collect and maintain an archive of automated manpower, personnel, training, and other databases for the Department of Defense, Support the information requirements of the OUSD (P&R) and other members of the DoD manpower, personnel, and training communities w...
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Pathfinder network
(The two variants by Quirin et al. are significantly faster. While the former can be applied with q = 2 or q = n − 1 and any value for r, the latter can only be applied in cases where q = n − 1 and r = ∞.) External links List of papers using Pathfinder Pathfinder Software Download Site Implementation of the original...
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Circuit rank
Parametrized complexity Some computational problems on graphs are NP-hard in general, but can be solved in polynomial time for graphs with a small circuit rank. An example is the path reconfiguration problem. Related concepts Other numbers defined in terms of deleting things from graphs are:
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Ethnomathematics
"The mathematics which is practiced among identifiable cultural groups such as national-tribe societies, labour groups, children of certain age brackets and professional classes". "The mathematics implicit in each practice". "The study of mathematical ideas of a non-literate culture". "The codification which allows a c...
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Simplex algorithm
Efficiency in the worst case The simplex method is remarkably efficient in practice and was a great improvement over earlier methods such as Fourier–Motzkin elimination. However, in 1972, Klee and Minty gave an example, the Klee–Minty cube, showing that the worst-case complexity of simplex method as formulated by Dant...
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Mathurapur (Lok Sabha constituency)
|- ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;" width=225 |Party ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Seats won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Seat change ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Vote percentage |- | style="text-align:left;" |Trinamool Congres...
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Coded Arms: Contagion
Story Special forces major Grant is part of an elite unit brought in to test and analyze the effectiveness of the reconfigured A.I.D.A. combat simulation program. After spreading aggressively through Earth's networks, and absorbing all the information it encountered, it turned into a program that required users to comp...
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Code page 437
Internationalization Code page 437 has a series of international characters, mainly values 128 to 175 (80hex to AFhex). However, it only covers a few major Western European languages in full, including English, German and Swedish, and so lacks several characters (mostly capital letters) important to many major Western...
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Computational electromagnetics
Answering this question involves three steps: comparison between simulation results and analytical formulation, cross-comparison between codes, and comparison of simulation results with measurement. Comparison between simulation results and analytical formulation For example, assessing the value of the radar cross sec...
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Navigational Algorithms
Comparison between manual calculation methods and the use of calculators The traditional methods require bulky and expensive nautical tables (which must be updated), pencil and paper, and calculation time, following the working algorithms. Calculators (and the like) do not need books (they have tables and ephemeris in...
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Purdue University College of Engineering
American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) American Society of Agricultural Biological Engineers (ASABE) Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES) Construction Engineers of the Future (CEF) Electrical and Computer Engineering Student Society (ECESS) Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) Eta Kapp...
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Epidemiological method
Outline of the process of an epidemiological study Establish that a problem exists Full epidemiological studies are expensive and laborious undertakings. Before any study is started, a case must be made for the importance of the research. Confirm the homogeneity of the events Any conclusions drawn from inhomogeneous ca...
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Simplified molecular-input line-entry system
The original paper that described the CANGEN algorithm claimed to generate unique SMILES strings for graphs representing molecules, but the algorithm fails for a number of simple cases (e.g. cuneane, 1,2-dicyclopropylethane) and cannot be considered a correct method for representing a graph canonically. There is curre...
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Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea
Improving energy balance status, often through behavioral change, is the recommended means for restoring HPO function, and this commonly requires the adoption of behaviors which promote weight gain. Avoidance of chronic stressors and modification of the stress-response with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) may also h...
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The Mechanical Universe
Classroom use continued into the 1990s. A minority education program at the University of California, Berkeley employed Mechanical Universe episode segments (on LaserDisc) as part of group discussions. In a 1993 review of the series, a science historian stated that he had used episodes in his classes for several years,...
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Power to the edge
Achieving situational awareness rather than creating a single operational picture Self-synchronizing operations instead of autonomous operations Information "pull" rather than broadcast information "push" Collaborative efforts rather than individual efforts Communities of Interest (COIs) rather than stovepipes "Task, p...
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Computer user satisfaction
Future developments Currently, some scholars and practitioners are experimenting with other measurement methods and further refinements of the definition for satisfaction and user satisfaction. Others are replacing structured questionnaires by unstructured ones, where the respondent is asked simply to write down or di...
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FAUST (programming language)
Using the sequential composition operator : the output of + can be routed to the input of abs to compute the absolute value of the signal: process = + : abs; Here is an example of parallel composition using the , operator that arranges its left and right expressions in parallel. This is analogous to a stereo cable. pro...
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Geologic map
Although BGS maps show the British national grid reference system and employ an OS base map, sheet boundaries are not based on the grid. The 1:50,000 sheets originate from earlier 'one inch to the mile' (1:63,360) coverage utilising the pre-grid Ordnance Survey One Inch Third Edition as the base map. Current sheets are...
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Lloyd's algorithm
Integration of a cell and computation of its centroid (center of mass) is now given as a weighted combination of its simplices' centroids (in the following called ). Two dimensions: For a triangle the centroid can be easily computed, e.g. using cartesian coordinates. Weighting computes as simplex-to-cell area ratios...
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Parks–McClellan filter design algorithm
The algorithm The Parks–McClellan Algorithm is implemented using the following steps: Initialization: Choose an extremal set of frequences {ωi(0)}. Finite Set Approximation: Calculate the best Chebyshev approximation on the present extremal set, giving a value δ(m) for the min-max error on the present extremal set. ...
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Civilian Public Service
The following chart lists the unit numbers, facility, type of project, capacity of CPS assignees, and dates of many experiments done on COs that were approved by the OSRD and CMR as reported by Selective Service. The numbers reported may be slightly inaccurate as some COs and experiments were not properly recorded. Spe...
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Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
Adults It is unclear whether SSRIs affect the risk of suicidal behavior in adults. A 2005 meta-analysis of drug company data found no evidence that SSRIs increased the risk of suicide; however, important protective or hazardous effects could not be excluded. A 2005 review observed that suicide attempts are increased ...
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Integrated Encryption Scheme
Required information To send an encrypted message to Bob using ECIES, Alice needs the following information: The cryptography suite to be used, including a key derivation function (e.g., ANSI-X9.63-KDF with SHA-1 option), a message authentication code (e.g., HMAC-SHA-1-160 with 160-bit keys or HMAC-SHA-1-80 with 80-bi...
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