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ae29e3d1-085f-4e58-935d-893261415feb | True about hepatitis A viurs ? | Causes cirrhosis | Helps HDV replication | Common cause of hepatitis in children | Causes chronic hepatitis | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Common cause of hepatitis in children HAV is the most common cause of hepatitis in children. HAV does not cause chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis. HBV (no HAV) helps in HDV replication. | Microbiology | null |
4cf53dd4-1047-472f-877b-cb9a62d360b9 | The following tests may be useful in the assessment of a patient with sarcoidosis | Chest X-ray | ACE | Serum calcium | All of the above | 3d | multi | Investigations in Sarcoidosis Lymphopenia is characteristic and liver function tests may be mildly deranged. Hypercalcaemia may be present (reflecting increased formation of calcitriol - 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D - by alveolar macrophages), paicularly if the patient has been exposed to strong sunlight. Hypercalciuria may... | Medicine | Immune system |
1d4df690-1700-4b66-8674-1a7b53fdca4c | which of the following SSRI is hea safe | escitalopram | clomipramine | fluoxetine | amitriptilline | 0a | single | SSRI * IMPOANCE Most widely prescribed antidepressant * MECHANISM Specifically acts on serotonin transpoers and increases serotonin in synapse. DRUGS FLUOXETINE FLUVOXAMINE DAPOXETINE CITALOPRAM ESCITALOPRAM ESCITALOPRAM SERALINE PAROXETINE USE FLUOXETINE=============CHILDHOOD DEPRESSION FLUVOXAMINE===========OCD DAPOX... | Psychiatry | Pharmacotherapy in psychiatry |
40a9c6c3-7798-4d54-9c70-45f3f4c4e01f | Choose the appropriate lettered structure in this MRI scan showing a transaxial section through the head. Which structure may be obliterated by a pituitary tumor? | A | B | C | D | 2c | single | (c) The suprasellar cistern can be obliterated by a pituitary tumor. | Anatomy | Head & Neck |
6a8aca69-0485-470a-bbde-8f452a4b4674 | Pedigree Chart - | Used for growth monitoring. | To assess side effect during chemotherapy | Used to see genetic transmission. | To assess developmental delay in infant | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Used to see genetic transmission Pedigreeo Provide graphic depiction of a family structure medical history'.o Person providing information is formed as pro band,o Special symbol is used for each designation,o Three generation pedigree should be made.o Closer the relationship of proband to the person, ... | Pediatrics | Genetics And Genetic Disorders |
d698059f-551e-4984-a760-419061c33ba0 | True about cornea –a) Power is 43 Db) Majority of refraction occur at air – tear interfacec) With the rule astigmatism is present because vertical meridian more steep than horizontal meridiand) Spherical structuree) Refractive index 1.334 | ab | bc | abc | bcd | 2c | multi | It has already been explained in this chapter that maximum refraction occurs from the anterior surface of the cornea (at the air-tear interface) because the difference between refractive index of two medium is maximum at this site. The air has a refractive index of 1.00 and cornea has refractive index 1.376, the differ... | Ophthalmology | null |
15446fe5-2559-40c2-8fa1-66656fa0991b | Following is/ are the clinical feature/ s of lepromatous leprosy - | Leonine facies | Loss of libido and impotence | Saddle nose | All the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All the above Important clinical features oflepromatous leprosyo Diffuse erythema, tingling, nasal stuffiness or ep is tax is are earliest manifestations.o Nodules with predeliction for external ears,o Madarosis (loss of eye lashes and eye brow s),o Saddle nose (Collapse of nasal bridge) and perforati... | Skin | C. Mycobacteria |
830eab55-09c4-49dc-9d9e-a48aef8c355e | Causes of macrocephaly includes? | Galactosemia | Weaver syndrome | Soto's syndrome | All of the above | 3d | multi | Causes of Megalencephaly Lysosomal storage diseases: Gangliosidosis, MPS Carbohydrate disorder: Galactosemia Aminoacidurias: Maple Syrup urine disease, Glutaric aciduria type-1 Neurogenerative diseases: Alexander disease, Canavan disease, Metachromatic leukodystrophy Neurocutaneous diseases: Neurofibromatosis, Tuberous... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
cb346e41-7afd-4e14-8a96-779b317a8a5b | The maximum dose of isotretinoin should not exceed | 30-60mg/kg | 60-90 mg/kg | 90-120 mg/kg | 120-150 mg/kg | 3d | single | Oral isotretinoin duration of treatment varies according to dose but post-therapy relapse is minimized by treatment courses that amount to the total of 120-150 mg/kg Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1233 | Dental | All India exam |
45e01978-7c85-4024-83b1-fb325916e855 | Which of the following is feature of reticulocyte? | Constitute 10% of the red cells | No nucleus | Smaller in the size than RBCs | Mature in lymph nodes | 1b | multi | Reticulocytes are non-nucleated spherical cells bigger than normal RBCs and are polychromatic (having a blue color) d/t the presence of free ribosomes & RNA. They are identified with supravital staining. Best stain to identify them is new methylene blue. | Pathology | Hematopoeisis: Basic concepts |
d3bd91f7-e48a-4873-9e26-75dc562869c8 | Nanotechnology has found tremendous application in the diagnosis of cancers because of all of following advantages, except | Nanocrystals exibit bright, photostable fluorescence | Nonocrystals have a narrow spectrum wavelength | Peak spectrum wavelength is tunable | Nanocrystals exhibit a narrow difference between their excitation and emission peak spectra | 3d | multi | Ans'd. Nanocrystals exhibit a narrow difference between their excitation and emission peak spectra | Pathology | null |
24c618da-ec9c-48b1-b8c6-68052496a293 | Complications of sphenoid sinus surgery are all except: | CSF leak | Optic nerve injury | Lateral rectus palsy | Orbital emphysema | 3d | multi | (d) Orbital emphysema(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 778)Orbital complications will follow maxillary, ethmoid and frontal sinus surgeries due to close proximity. | ENT | Nose and PNS |
806d1d4d-a49d-470f-a731-babad4a4d583 | Erosive ahritis is seen in all, except | SLE | Gout | Osteoahritis | Old age | 0a | multi | Ref Semantischolar.org | Medicine | Immune system |
b7074fe0-aa45-4419-b2cf-e6449f94eb39 | A 9 1/2 -year-old girl presents to your office with an approximately 1 1/4 -cm nodule in her neck, just to the left of the midline and below her cricoid cartilage. It is nontender and moves when she swallows. It has been enlarging over the last several months and was not seen by the pediatrician at her 9-year-old check... | Reactive viral lymphadenopathy | Papillary thyroid cancer | A brachial cleft cyst | A follicular adenoma of the thyroid | 1b | multi | While reactive lymphadenopathy is by far the most common cause of neck masses in children; a lymph node should not move with deglutition and is more likely to be tender. A branchial cleft syst should be more lateral and the thyroglossal duct cyst should be higher and in the midline (although they can sometimes present ... | Surgery | Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery |
91ec5518-373b-4a7e-9246-d7a72ba7640c | Site of transplantation in Islet cell transplant for Diabetes mellitus is | Skin | Injected into the poal vein | Liver | Pelvis | 1b | single | The islets are then purified from the dispersed tissue by density-gradient centrifugation and can be delivered into the recepient liver (the preferred site for transplantation) by injection into the poal vein Ref: Bailey and love 27th edition Pgno :1552 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
77586db1-ffb6-446d-aff1-796d79223559 | A young pt presents with jaundice. Total bilirubin is 21, direct is 9.6, alkphosis 84 KA units. Diagnosis is: | Hemolytic jaundice | Viral hepatitis | Chronic active hepatitis | Obstructive jaundice | 3d | single | Answer is D (Obstructive jaundice): Direct bilirubinemia (conjugated birirubin > 15% of total bilirubin) along with high serum alkaline phosphatase (6-7 times normal) suggests the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. AffirghnfeAre Total bilirubin (mg/di) 0.3 to 1.0 21.0 Direct bilirubin is 45% of total bilirubin Conjugat... | Medicine | null |
7ef8af5c-38ee-4a77-9663-1be485a9aeaa | A 20 year old man presents with swelling of left lower limb and hydrocoele. All of the following may be the causative agent EXCEPT: | Brugia malayi | Brugia timoria | Wuchereria bancrofti | Onchocerca volvulus | 3d | multi | Ans. (d) Onchocerca volvulusRef: Diagnostic medical parasitology 3rd/275, Park 19th /221* Onchocerca volvulus results in river blindness and subcutaneous nodules.* "Lymphatic filariasis" covers infection with three closely related nematode worms - W.Bancrofti, B. Malayi and B. timoria.* All three infections are transmi... | Microbiology | Mycology |
ab157e1b-f77c-4c77-904f-c05e20321dad | Very high intraocular pressure, veically oval mid-dilated pupil and shallow anterior chamber is seen in: | Primary open angle glaucoma | Acute primary angle closure glaucoma | Malignant glaucoma | Pupillary block glaucoma | 1b | multi | Ans. B: Acute primary angle closure glaucoma | Ophthalmology | null |
56a69b5d-6782-4fd2-81a4-bba439c8fcd6 | Which of the following vaccines can be used in pregnancy in normal circumstances? | MMR vaccine | Varicella vaccine | Influenza trivalent vaccine | Hepatitis A vaccine | 2c | single | Pregnancy is not a contraindication or precaution for Influenza trivalent vaccine. This vaccine is recommended for women who will be pregnant during influenza season. Influenza live attenuated vaccine is contra indicated. Must Know - Principle: Live-virus vaccines are contraindicated during pregnancy because of the pos... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
5729d11a-d2a9-4340-b3d5-b16a80b99610 | True statement about listeria: | Gram negative bacillus | Motile by peritrichous flagella | Commonest cause of community acquired meningitis | Only one serovar is known | 1b | multi | Ans. is. 'b' i. e., Motile by peritrichous flagella | Microbiology | null |
4d31c7e1-c3c6-40a4-8b36-0bbbc598757c | Acute graft rejection occurs within? | Few minutes | Few hours | < 6 months | 6-12 months | 2c | single | Hyperacute rejection: type 2 HSR, happens over span of few minutes to hours. Eg: kidney transplant Acute rejection: Few weeks to months(< 6 months) Chronic rejection: After 6 months. Graft vs host disease (Runt Disease): Acute GVH: < 100 days Chronic GVH: > 100 days | Pathology | FMGE 2019 |
c8ae46e5-eb0a-4864-bc20-5179d0891e92 | The protein that carries iron from the gut to the body tissues is called | Ferritin | Haemosiderin | Myoglobin | Transferrin | 3d | multi | null | Pathology | null |
d64a63bf-c476-4043-9b1c-05bf5e2628c1 | After an endoscopy a technician kept the instrument for sterilization. Which of the following agent is used for sterilization of fibre optic instruments? | Glutaraldehyde | Chlorine | Autoclave | Phenol | 0a | single | Glutaraldehyde, which has two reactive aldehyde groups, is 10 times more effective than formaldehyde and is less toxic. It denatures proteins and nucleic acids. Both proteins and nucleic acids contain essential -NH2 and -OH groups, which are the main sites of alkylation. In hospitals, it is used to sterilize respirator... | Microbiology | null |
be10ec1b-8d6e-43a1-9043-7ab77343f3f2 | Cytokinee are secreted in sepsis in and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) by: | Neutrophils | Adrenal | Platelets | Collecting duct | 0a | single | ref Harrison 18/e p2223_2225 , Robbins 7/e p202 Cytokines are the peptide mediators or intercellular messangers which regulate immunological, inflammation,reparative host response.they are produced by widely distributed cells like macrophages ,monocytes, lymphocytes, platelets,fibroblast, endothelium,stromal cells etc.... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
4f35422d-7907-4a4e-a2e3-43484a81dd9c | Necrotizing lymphadenitis is seen in: | Kimura disease | Kikuchi Fujimoto disease | Hodgkin disease | Castelman disease | 1b | single | Kikuchi Fujimoto disease Or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis It is Benign and self-limited disorder in young individuals characterized by regional cervical lymphadenopathy with tenderness Accompanied with mild fever and night sweats Diagnosed on the basis of an excisional biopsy of affected lymph nodes which shows... | Pathology | Auto Immune Disorders Introduction |
873a4e24-5786-4626-85a8-14e87015b7a5 | Enucleation of the eyeball is contraindicated in | Endophthalmities | Panophthalmities | Intraoccular tumours | Painful blind eye | 0a | multi | Endophthalmities is treated by intravitreal injection of antibiotics. If not managed and removal of eye of eye is indicated.we should go for evisceration. This is because the outer coats of the eyeball are not involved and hence we should not remove it. Also it is more convenient to put aificial eye then orbital implan... | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus |
3ee93576-d484-4bff-9171-c3375cd5428a | Colostrums has in compared to normal milk - | Decreased K | Decreased Na | Increased proteins | Increased calories | 2c | single | Colostrum contains a high concentration of proteins as compared to normal milk.REF.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE.Editon-21.Page no.-491 | Social & Preventive Medicine | obstetrics,pediatrics and geriatrics |
cef4da9b-e2e4-4f6e-a3f2-7f3b75916ee3 | The prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma is likely to be poor if the site of the tumor is ? | Orbit | Paratesticular | Extremity | Urinary bladder | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e. Extremity Rhabdomyosarcomas of the extremities have alveolar histology which is associated with aggressive tumor biology. Also know RMS is the most common malignant tumor of the soft tissues in infants and children. MC site is head & neck region Among head & neck, orbit is the most common site. | Surgery | null |
13d1a16b-7679-4da4-9ee1-c2cc3a7ce60b | Pipkin classification is used for | Acetabular fractures | Pelvis ring fracture | Femoral head fracture | Femoral shaft fracture | 2c | single | COMMON FRACTURES CLASSIFICATION FRACTURECLASSIFICATIONOpen fracturesGustilo & Anderson Supracondylar Humerus Galand ( based on displacement )Proximal Humerus Neer ( 4 pa fractures )Distal Radius Frykman , FermandezPelvis Young & Burgess, TileFemoral head Pipkin's classificationFemoral neck ( Pediatric )Delbet classific... | Orthopaedics | All India exam |
9baf28d2-adec-4f9c-bdef-818da8763755 | Osteoarthritis does not affect: | Knee joint | Hip joint | Interphalangial joint | Metacarpophalangial joint | 3d | single | Ans: d (Metacarpophalangeal joint)Ref: Maheshwari Ortho, 3rd ed, p. 252 & Harrison, 15thed, p. 1990 | Orthopaedics | Arthritis |
69138b67-5fda-4a5b-947e-95923bbc535f | Most common viral cause of acquired aqueductal stenosis is ? | Rubella | Mumps | Toxoplasma | Enterovirus | 1b | single | Out of the given options, only mumps and toxoplasma cause aqueductal stenosis. Toxoplasma is not a virus. Hence, the answer is mumps. | Pediatrics | null |
507a0ca8-f93b-4cbe-b970-efb650197231 | Pulsatile GnRH is used for managing: | Precocious puberty | Fibroid | DUB | Anovulatory infertility | 3d | single | Ans. is d, i.e. Anovulatory infertilityPulsatile GnRH is used for:* Ovulation induction (in managing anovulatory infertility)* Delayed, puberty | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Physiology & Histology |
32dd536f-b070-4428-af6e-b5925aaa9de6 | The regional aerial resistance of the mesentery and kidney vessels is reduced by | Dopamine | Dobutamine | Nor adrenaline | Isoprenaline | 2c | single | In hyperdynamic sepsis, the peripheral aeriolar tone and BP are low but the cardiac output is often high; therefore the vasoconstrictor noradrenaline (norepinephrine) is appropriate to restore BP, usually at the price of some reduction in cardiac output.In most cases, a vasoconstrictor such as noradrenaline (norepineph... | Medicine | C.V.S |
ae63bedc-1ec2-4370-af64-0bf943a003a7 | All true about pisiform, except Manipal 11 | Last carpal bone to ossify | Attached to flexor carpi ulnaris | Can be seen on newborn X-ray | It is a sesamoid bone | 2c | multi | Ans. Can be seen on newborn X-ray | Forensic Medicine | null |
0e7bbb2e-7820-4b9f-bf7c-4445a12a3292 | Which of the following is an indication for using mifepristone? | Ectopic pregnancy | Fibroid uterus | Molar pregnancy | Habitual aboion | 1b | single | Mifepristone, also known as RU486, is an antiprogestin that has been used for treatment of leiomyomas. Mifepristone diminishes leiomyoma volume by approximately half and it is effective in improving symptoms. Other uses of mifepristone: For termination of early pregnancy For emergency postcoital contraception Endometri... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
4a005936-2b64-4b7e-b523-f868f4ec1efb | After passing his physical exam, a 19 year old army recruit gives urine and blood samples for fuher testing. Serum analysis yields elevated ALT, HBsAg, Anti-HBc, HBeAg, and bilirubin. All other values are normal. Which of the following is the hepatitis B status of this recruit? | Asymptomatic carrier | Chronic active carrier | Fulminant hepatitis B | Recovered from acute self-limited HBV | 1b | multi | The presence of elevated ALT, HBsAg, anti-HBc, HBeAg, and bilirubin all point to active hepatitis B. An asymptomatic carrier does not have elevated ALT and bilirubin. The absence of findings on physical examination rules out fulminant hepatitis B. Recovery from acute self-limited HBV is associated with the presence of ... | Microbiology | null |
c8398700-b266-44dd-a502-1460e95711c3 | Which of the following organs does not show pale infarct? | Lung | Hea | Kidney | Spleen | 0a | single | Pale infarcts are typically seen in hea, kidney and spleen. Red infarcts principally occur in organs with dual blood supply such as lungs, or in those organs with extensive collateral circulation such as brain and small intestine. In both types of infarcts, infarcted area shows coagulative necrosis, but in red infarct ... | Pathology | null |
b48da862-312f-4ae1-ba72-346d5c4c2e96 | Mitochondrial chromosomal abnormality leads to | Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy | Angelman syndrome | Prader villi syndrome | Myotonic dystrophy | 0a | single | Ref Robbins 8/e p171;9/e p172 Example of mitochondrial inheritance is leber's hereditary optic neuropathy.leigh's disease ,MELAS - Mitochondrial encephalopathy Lactic acid Stroke like syndrome Neuropathy , ataxia, retinitis, Kearns Sayre syndromes, chronic progressive external opthalmoplegia,Pearson syndrome M | Anatomy | General anatomy |
0a3d446a-b19d-464f-b943-07d247aa5046 | Gestational sac is seen by TVS at- | 5 weeks | 6 weeks | 7 weeks | 8 weeks | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 5 weeks [Ref: Dutta's Obs 7th/ep. 68}TVS showso Gestational sac & yolk sac - 5th weeko Fetal pole & cardiac activity - 6th weeko Embryonic movements - 7th weeko Fetal gestational age is best determined by CRL between 7th to 12th weeks (variation +/- 5 days)o Doppler effect of ultrasound can pick up he... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Diagnosis of Pregnancy |
24529115-b874-4602-bac8-c556ae3de80c | Mechanism of action of transexaminic acid is? | Decrease vascular permeability | Smooth muscle contraction | Activates Plasmin formation | Prevents fibrinolysis | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Prevents fibrinolysis o Tranexamic acid binds to the lysine binding sites on plasminogen and prevents its combination with fibrin and thus prevents fibrinolysis. | Pharmacology | null |
74e740a7-f4e9-4b75-a190-3dc560b2f498 | Rotator interval is between: | Supraspinatus and teres minor | Teres major and teres minor | Supraspinatus and subscapularis | Subscapularis and infraspinatus | 2c | single | (c) Supraspinatus and subscapularis- Rotator interval is a triangular portion of shoulder capsule which lies between supraspinatus and subscapularis tendon and coracohumeral ligament passes through it. | Orthopaedics | Injuries Around Shoulder |
23a04e1e-6ac1-4851-b0e0-2bc31c2f5840 | Which of the following drug is used as a Transcranial patch for Parkinson's disease | Levodopa | Rotigotine | Selegiline | Carbidopa | 1b | single | Rotigotine is a non-ergot dopamine agonist indicated for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS). It is formulated as a once-daily transdermal patch which provides a slow and constant supply of the drug over the course of 24 hours. However, it was withdrawn in 2008 because of crystal ... | Pharmacology | null |
0d0d6c5f-a781-487b-801f-2ab4357e74cc | The treatment of Acute Manic Episodes is | ECT | ECT | Diazepam | Sodium valproate | 1b | single | Lithium | Psychiatry | null |
574099a3-70bd-4d39-b57c-4d761a8e9555 | In cochlear implants electrodes are most commonly placed at - | Oval window | Round window | Horizontal semicircular canal | Cochlea | 1b | single | null | ENT | null |
2d58192a-ba7a-41ca-a7de-fbf3b8044d0d | Hypersensitivity vasculitis is most commonly seen in: | Post capillary venules | Aerioles | Veins | Capillaries | 0a | single | . Post capillary venules | Pathology | null |
29b6eb2c-71dd-4388-bddb-a19f3218a540 | Hill Sach&;s lesion is most commonly seen in | Recurrent shoulder dislocation | Posterior shoulder dislocation | Fracture neck of humerus | Anterior shoulder dislocation | 0a | single | HILL-SACH&;S lesion is most commonly seen in recurent shoulder dislocation. It is a posterolateral defect in the head of the humerus.This is produced due to the impact of posterolateral pa of the head of the humerus against the sharp anteraior margion of the glenoid rim. ref:textbook of ohopedics ,john ebnezar,4th edit... | Orthopaedics | Shoulder and arm injuries |
455bd18a-8840-415f-b6ba-cdf2dc55df5d | Natural killer cell is - | MHC restricted | Antibody dependent | Null cells | B-lymphocytes | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Null cells Null cells (Large granular lymphocytes or LGLIo Null cells are called so because they lack features of surface markers of both B and T lymphocytes. The account for 5 to 10% of peripheral blood lymphocytes.o They are also called "large granular lymphocytes (LGL)"as they contain large azuroph... | Microbiology | Immunology |
08fbcc61-7de1-4806-9153-048032b3489e | Radionucleide of choice for the assessment of renal function? | MIBG | DTPA | Thallium | Sulphur | 1b | multi | Ans: b (DTPA) Ref: Bailey, 24th ed, p. 129999Tc DTPA (diethyl triamino penta acetic acid)Useful to assess the functional status of kidney.DTPA behaves like inulin: completely filtered by the glomeruli, and not absorbed by the tubules. On using a gamma camera the dynamic action of kidney can be assessed.Other substances... | Radiology | Genito Urinary System |
2e7b6669-a00d-46ed-b865-4cd2dad058fe | Best drug for chemoprophylaxis in a pregnant woman who is traveling to chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria endemic zone? | Mefloquine | Doxycycline | Ataquinone/Proguanil | Primaquine | 0a | multi | Ans. A. Mefloquine. (Ref. H-17th/pg 1292; Table 203-6)Best drug for chemoprophylaxis in a pregnant woman who is traveling to chloroquine resistant falciparum malaria endemic zone is Mefloquine.Regimens for the Rx of MalariaType of Disease or RxRegimen(s)Uncomplicated Malaria Known chloroquine- sensitive strains of Plas... | Medicine | Infection |
faa5126d-1049-4f06-bf2a-ac2aae7f959f | Most common nerve injured in ligation of superior thyroid aery: | Recurrent laryngeal nerve | Facial nerve | Mandibular nerve | External laryngeal nerve | 3d | single | The external laryngeal nerve lies in relation to superior thyroid aery. The recurrent laryngeal nerve lies close to inferior thyroid aery. | ENT | null |
f4e8f8a7-6e0b-497c-928e-aa93477d1b11 | Antiphospholipid syndrome ( APS) is associated with all of the following except: | pancytopenia | Recurrent aboions | Venous thrombosis | pulmonary hypeension | 0a | multi | Indications for APLA testing 3 or more consecutive first trimester losses Unexplained IUGR Early onset severe preeclampsia Unexplained thrombosis Autoimmune connective tissue diseases like SLE False positive serological test for syphilis (refer pgno:333 sheila 2nd edition) | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics |
d7fc3477-6c0e-4054-86e6-5a6532dc949a | Duret hemorrhage seen in - | Brain | Kidney | Heart | Lung | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Brain o Duret - Bernard hemorrhage can be seen with severe compression of the midbrain and other brainstem areas during transtentorial herniation. | Medicine | C.N.S. |
a4e65b7c-0b67-4c72-801b-f37b57bc365a | Which of the following is/are features of dishpan digit? | Reddened finger | Exceptionally clean thumb | Fibrous rough callus | All of the above | 3d | multi | Dishpan digit
Finger of the child who indulges in sucking habit. On examination, it will provide valuable information about the habits. They are:
Reddened.
Exceptionally clean thumb / nail / finger.
Fibrous rough callus. | Dental | null |
60137255-30ef-4f50-ae6c-8adbef9ddf67 | Age limit for HDI? | 25 to 85 yrs | 25 to 50 yrs | 15 to 45 yrs | 50 to 75 yrs | 0a | single | According to previous editions of Park (21st/e) the minimum and maximum established values for life expectancy atbirth was 25 years and 85 years, respectively.
However, Now the minimum established value is 20 years and maximum value is the highest observed value during time series, i.e. the country which has the high... | Unknown | null |
bcceb61d-71c9-4fe4-98bc-83f4ef1bad78 | 35-year-old woman presents to OPD with complains of headache after hitting her head accidentally with the wall while doing household chores . An MRI was ordered which confirmed presence of blood clot in the great cerebral vein of Galen. Obstructed vein is a direct tributary of which of the following venous structures? | Emissary veins | Pterygoid venous plexus | Diploic veins | Dural venous sinuses | 3d | multi | Veins of the brain are direct tributaries of dural venous sinuses. Emissary veins connect dural venous sinuses with the veins of scalp; Pterygoid venous plexus communicates with cavernous sinus through an emissary vein; Diploic veins lie in channels in the diploe of skull and communicate with dural sinuses, veins of sc... | Anatomy | Brainstem lesions and blood supply of CNS |
21e8bc04-fb23-45b1-b232-38e3a05943fd | Cystocoele is prolapse of | Upper 2/3rd of anterior vaginal wall | Lower 2/3rd of anterior vaginal wall | Upper 1/3 of anterior vaginal wall | Lower 1/3 of anterior vaginal wall | 0a | multi | Cystocoele is prolapse of the anterior 2/3rd vaginal wall while prolapse of lower 1/3rd of the anterior vaginal wall is called as urethrocele. The anterior wall prolapse or cystocele is the most common form of female pelvic organ prolapse Rectocele is prolapse of lower 2/3rd of the posterior vaginal wall Enterocoele is... | Microbiology | All India exam |
b2b5499b-f29d-4854-ba85-2c56496f021a | All of the following drugs cause discolouration of urine EXCEPT : | Nitrofurantoin | Digoxin | Azo dyes | Rifampicin | 1b | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
71436754-35e2-4c6e-bb25-ca3b6ba8b9c4 | All are true about bulbar urethral rupture, except: | Perineal hematoma | Floating prostate on per rectal examination | Collection of urine in perineum | Bleeding per urethra | 1b | multi | Ans. (b) Floating prostate on per rectal examination* Floating prostate is seen in membranous urethral injury* Perineal hematoma seen in Bulbar urethral injury.* Deep Perineal pouch hematoma is seen in Membranous urethral injury. | Surgery | Urethra & Penis |
1d004cf3-7beb-498e-a4b9-635a2882edd3 | Which of the following is mechanism of action of dapsone? | Inhibit the cell wall synthesis | Inhibit the sterol of cell wall | Inhibit the protein synthesis | Compete with PABA in folic acid synthesis | 3d | multi | Dapsone is analogue of PABA Competively inhibits dihyropteroate synthase - decreases folic acid synthesis. It can cause mild hemolysis, anemia and psychosis. Uses: Leprosy Malaria Prophylaxis of pneumocystitis Dermatitis herpetiformis | Pharmacology | Mycobacterial Diseases (TB, Leprosy and MAC) |
1085c041-d2db-41fc-ab3f-5ce4daaf78b1 | In a 4-year old boy who has history of pyogenic infections by bacteria with polysaccharide-rich capsules, which of the following investigations should he done? | IgA deficiency | IgG 1 deficiency | IgG2 deficiency | IgA and IgG2 deficiency | 3d | single | Ans. d. IgA and IgG2 deficiency Recurrent episodes of pyogenic infections by capsulated organisms are most commonly observed in patients with selective IgA deficiency and decreased IgA or IgG subclass levels (especially IgG2). "Specific Antibody Deficiency (SAD) patients generally present with recurrent upper and/or lo... | Microbiology | null |
b8b6cd0f-0730-4f26-a57a-8384d20d8bf4 | Hurthle cell tumour is: | Papillary carcinoma thyroid | Follicular carcinoma thyroid | Medullary carcinoma | None of the above | 1b | multi | HURTHLE CELL CARCINOMA:
Hurthle cell carcinomas account for approximately 3% of all thyroid malignancies.
Considered to be a subtype of follicular thyroid cancer. | Surgery | null |
c4cd0bcf-69dc-4a56-a44a-46ccf0ad0646 | Rhinophyma is associated with- | Hypertrophy of the sebaceous glands | Hypertrophy of sweat glands | Hyperplasia of endothelial cells | Hyperplasia of epithelial cells | 0a | single | Rhinophyma is a slow-growing benign tumor due to hypertrophy of sebaceous gland. | ENT | null |
8d028eef-4996-42d1-ab3c-b34ac7f53ec7 | Amphotericin B toxicity can be reduced by? | Incorporating it in liposomal complex | Combining with fluconazole | Combining with flucytosine | Injecting the drug with dextrose | 0a | single | New amphotericin B formulations: In an attempt to improve tolerability of i.v. infusion of AMB, reduce its toxicity and achieve targeted delivery, 3 new lipid formulations of AMB have been produced. (a) Amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC): Contains 35% AMB incorporated in ribbon like paicles of dimyristoyl phospholipid... | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
43d1e4bf-9bda-4616-986c-d7a21c8df26c | Which of the following sonographic finding confirms intra uterine pregnancy | An echogenic rim along one side of decidua. | Two concentric echogenic rings surrounding the sac. | A sac positioned eccentrically within endometrium. | All of the above. | 3d | multi | Normal gestational sac implants eccentrically in the endometrium.
Anechoic center surrounded by single echogenic rim = intra-decidual sign.
Two concentric rings echogenic surrounding sac = Double decidual sign. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
0d195b51-2758-4be1-8e4e-ff5e73dcbfab | Founder members of vision 2020 are A/E | WHO | UNICEF | ORBIS | International Agency for prevention of blindness | 1b | single | B i.e. UNICEF | Ophthalmology | null |
bb3a09e3-baae-4a02-bd18-aed70635a855 | Which of the following is the auto antibody associated with Rheumatoid arthritis - | Anti DLE | Anti CCP | Antids DNA | Antihistone | 1b | single | Anti CCP | Unknown | null |
e3dee44b-eadc-4bc7-8800-27d4ab477dfb | In preterm labour which drug has Neuro-protective role? | MgSO4 | Nifedipine | Ritoridine | Isoxsuprine | 0a | single | Ans. (a) MgSO4 Ref: Williams Obstetrics 25th Ed; Page No-730* To prevent convulsions; Administer IV MgSO4 and Continue IV MgSO4 for 24 hours after delivery.* Always avoid Nifedipine and b-blockers, because they cause severe maternal complication.Antihypertensive Drug Therapy Issues* Discontinue medications: This may be... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Pharmacotherapeutic in Obstetrics |
5fbf43d1-5be5-4fb3-a7f7-460b8a6ae23c | Dosage of Vitamin–A for children between 1–3 years – | 1250 IU | 1333 IU | 1667 IU | 2333 IU | 1b | single | null | Pediatrics | null |
c8745cac-94bb-4d0c-90aa-756df9973462 | Accommodation is brought about by: | Dilation of iris | Dilation of pupil | Lens zonules made tense | Ciliary body contraction | 3d | single | Ans: d (Ciliary body contraction) Ref:Ganong, 22th ed, p. 154Accommodation is brought about by ciliary muscle contractionAccommodationThe process by which the curvature of the lens is increased is called accommodation.Mechanism: At rest the lens is under tension by lens ligaments & lens is pulled into a flattened state... | Ophthalmology | Elementary Optics |
0fe69853-983a-4e6b-931d-d552f7777928 | A patient with suspected subarachnoid haemorrhage presents with blood isolated in the fouh ventricle on a CT scan. Aneurysmal rupture is likely to have resulted from | Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Aery Aneurysm | Anterior Communicating Aery Aneurysm | Posterior Communicating Aery Aneurysm | Basilar Aery Tip Aneurysm | 2c | single | *Saccular aneurysm at size of >7mm and at top of basilar aery and at origin of posterior communicating aery are at greater risk of rupture . Ref Harrison20th edition pg 2445 | Medicine | C.N.S |
6242ae15-336b-47ca-b879-60c9f30402a2 | The term 'disease control' employs all of the following except- | Reducing the complications | Reducing the risk of fuher transmission | Reducing the incidence of disease | Reducing the prevalence of the disease | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Reducing the prevalence of the disease o The term disease control describes, reducing the i) The incidence of disease ii) The duration of disease and consequently the risk of transmission iii) The effects of infection, including its complications iv) Financial burden to the community | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
cce222b4-8997-449a-b425-aa2f31e32eb3 | In haemoptysis blood usually comes from | Bronchial veins | Pulmonary veins | Bronchial arteries | Pulmonary arteries | 2c | multi | null | Medicine | null |
eea5b2b7-6b90-4ee5-9f4b-35c6ea77ec6b | Internationally quarantinable disease are - | Plague | Cholera | Yellow fever | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above Quarantinable diseases o Diphtheria o Yellow fever o Infectious TB o SARS o Plague o Small pox o Viral hemorrhagic fever Also Know : Quarantine was first applied for plague. Quarantine period for yellow fever is 6 days. Quarantine has been 'replaced by active surveillance'. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
2e32ec5e-de83-43a2-8083-33c825936ad9 | Projections from substantia nigra pars compacta to striatum releases | GABA | Dopamine | Glutamate | Aspartate | 1b | single | null | Physiology | null |
e88c22c4-23f1-44e2-9f26-a430eaaf3f4e | Sublingual nitroglycerin for treatment of acutechest pain can cause ? | Hypeension | Headache | Bradycardia | Sexual dysfunction | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Headache Due to vasodilatation there may be tachycardia, palpitation, flushing, headache, dizziness and fainting may occur. Adverse effects Due to vasodilatation tachycardia, palpitation, flushing, headache, dizziness and fainting may occur. Rashes are common paicularly with pentaerythritol tetranitra... | Pharmacology | null |
5bbf4eaa-c62a-4031-ba1a-74c8ce49c6fb | Denominator in dependency ratio ? | Age group < 15 years | Age group 15-65 years | Age group > 65 years | < 15 years and > 65 yeas | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Age group 15-65 years Dependency ratio The propoion of persons above 65 years of age and children below 15 years of age are considered to be dependent on the economically productive age group (15-64 years). The ratio of combined age group 0-14 years plus 65 years and above to the 15-65 years age group... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
b4d58c84-55e0-437a-ad51-d5de19dc2fc6 | Metal ceramic restorations fail usually due to fracture of
the cervical material. This can be avoided if: | Occlusal forces are minimal | Casting is so designed as to reduce stress on ceramic material | Metal is not more than 0.5 mm thick | Ceramic is at least 1.5 mm thick | 1b | multi | null | Dental | null |
f1f9342d-8187-48a0-8d52-5e6ab7fa87f2 | Skin lesion in meningococcal meningitidis is due to- | Exotoxin | Endotoxin | Allergic reaction | Direct vascular Damage | 1b | multi | null | Microbiology | null |
3c64e4ad-8d9c-4fbc-9065-c5d1bed748ed | Hand and foot syndrome is an adverse effect of: | 5-Fluorouracil | Bleomycin | Etoposide | Actinomycin D | 0a | single | Capecitabine and 5-FU can cause hand and foot syndrome. Diarrhea is the most common adverse effect of 5-FU. 5-FU can also cause bone marrow suppression. Drugs commonly implicated are: Capecitabine 5-Fluorouracil Cytarabine Pemetrexed Doxorubicin | Pharmacology | Cytotoxic Anticancer Drugs |
5bd7c211-d519-4173-a982-1b501e1943a6 | Which of the following skin conditions is treated with PUVA therapy? | Psoriasis | Tinea versicolor | Lichen planus | Porphyria cutanea tarda | 0a | single | PUVA is used to treat extensive psoriasis and psoriasis that has not responded to other therapies. PUVA stands for psoralens plus UVA. Psoralens are used orally followed by exposure of lesions to measured amount of a type of ultraviolet light-UVA. Sho term side effects of PUVA therapy include tanning, pruritus, nausea,... | Skin | null |
ea3c1658-c844-4fb8-80ac-62973f93f2ed | Products of complete hydrolysis of cardiolipin are: | 3 glycerol, 4 fatty acids , 2 phosphates | 3 glycerol, 4 fatty acids , 1 phosphates | 3 glycerol, 3 fatty acids , 2 phosphates | 5 glycerol, 4 fatty acids , 2 phosphates | 0a | single | 3 glycerol, 4 fatty acids , 2 phosphates Cardiolipin is a complex phospholipid, which can be antigenic. The structure is glycerol attached to two phosphatidic acids. Each phosphatidic acid contains one glycerol, 2 FA and one phosphate. So in total 3 glycerol, 4 fatty acids, 2 phosphates are present in cardiolipin. | Biochemistry | Chemistry of Lipids |
101ffce9-309d-44b3-9728-cc577aa81302 | All of the following are used for monitoring air pollution except | SO2 | Soiling index | Coefficient of haze | E. coli | 3d | multi | Indicator for air pollution Remarks Sulphur dioxide Best Smoke and soiling index Air filtered through white paper and stained is measured under photoelectric meter Grit and dust measurement Deposit gauzes collect grit dust and others solid Coefficient of haze Amount of smoke and other aerosol in the air Air pollution i... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment |
1201e6c5-5070-45c8-b141-3c3f0c2754d1 | A newborn with respiratory distress was noted to have marked nasal flaring, audible grunting, minimal intercostal chest retarction. The respiratory rate was 30/min. The Silverman score of this child would be? NOT RELATED- MEDICINE | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 3d | single | . | Pharmacology | All India exam |
f7a5befc-c9d7-47bf-a625-52b623c87c25 | The symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism include ? | Constipation & muscle weakness | Anorexia & weight loss | Polydipsia & polyuria | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above | Surgery | null |
1166931d-79a9-4d69-96b7-83c4aa9c0208 | Main pancreatic duct is derived from ? | Paly from the dorsal pancreatic bud and paly from the ventral pancreatic bud | Dorsal pancreatic bud only | Ventral pancreatic bud only | None of the above | 0a | multi | The pancreas develops from the two endodermal buds, dorsal and ventral, that arise from the pa of the gut that later forms the second pa of the duodenum. The ventral bud forms the lower pa of the head, and the uncinate process of the pancreas, while the upper pa of the head, the body and the tail are formed from the do... | Anatomy | null |
e82ebf61-292c-4d7f-a01e-8e39008842a7 | Ahritis mutilans is seen in: | OA | Rheumatoid ahritis | Reiters syndrome | Psoriatic Ahropathy | 3d | single | Psoriatic Ahropathy | Surgery | null |
65be5346-6230-4900-be9d-1a598c785997 | Which of the following is TRUE about cholera toxin? | Increases the levels of intracellular cyclic GMP | Acts through the receptor the opiates | Causes continued activation of adenylate cyclase | Inhibits the enzyme phosphodiesterase | 2c | multi | V cholerae produce a heat-labile enterotoxin. Ganglioside GM1 serves as the mucosal receptor for subunit B, which promotes entry of subunit A into the cell. Cholera toxin catalyzes the ADP ribosylation of the G protein, rendering it unable to dissociate from the active adenylate cyclase complex. This causes persistent ... | Microbiology | null |
b3c251fc-d600-49f0-b005-db8fc46c14cc | Glucose transporters present in the Beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans is: | GLUT1 | GLUT2 | GLUT3 | GLUT4 | 1b | single | Ans. B. GLUT2GLUTTissue LocationFunctionGLUT 1Brain, Placenta, Kidney, RBCBasal Glucose UptakeGLUT 2Liver, Pancreas, IntestinePancreas-Insulin SecretionGLUT 3Brain (Neurons), PlacentaBasal Glucose UptakeGLUT 4Skeletal Muscle, Adipose Tissue, Cardiac MuscleInsulin stimulated uptake after mealsGLUT 5Small Intestine, Test... | Biochemistry | Carbohydrates |
4921c86c-9682-4e1a-8d35-3edb40c45a57 | Muscular timidity caused by opioids is due to the agonist effect on which receptor | Mu | Kappa | Delta | Sigma | 0a | single | Refer Miller 7/ep781 Truncal rigidity caused by highly lipid soluble opioids like Fentanyl is supraspinal in origin. It is mainly caused by stimulation of mu receptors whereas kappa and delta receptors tend to reduce the rigidity | Pharmacology | Anesthesia |
9e14a61e-9991-453a-a7fb-5b0d7251cea0 | Maximum radiopaque shadow in ovary is seen in | Teratoma | Dysgerminoma | Mucinous cyst adenoma | Granulose cell tumour | 0a | single | Teratoma is most radio-opaque because of its calcifications (Ref: Radiology Review Manual by Wolfgang Dahne 6thEtd, 1010) | Radiology | All India exam |
397a34a4-f6ea-4958-bf79-933cddc691c7 | Indication for induction of labour is : | Placenta pre | PIH at term | Hea disease at term | Breech | 1b | single | PIH at term | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
266c3949-61fc-4dfd-98d4-dec06bc18bcd | Antibiotic of choice for lymphedema is ? | Penicillin | Amikacin | Metronidazole | Ceftazidime | 0a | single | <p> Lymphoedema Accumulation of fluid in extracellular and extravascular fluid compament , commonly in subcutaneous tissue. Classification: 1. Primary - without any identifiable disease. 2. Secondary- acquired due to definitive cause. Primary lymphoedema:- Affects commonly females. Common in lower limb and left side. I... | Surgery | Vascular surgery |
fbe76a8e-8638-4bce-824d-b9ad3cf05cdc | What is the content of ethinyl estradiol in very low | 30µg | 25µg | 20µg | 15µg | 2c | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
99d67a98-3952-49bd-9bee-2e551e245e25 | The first step in fatty acid synthesis involves: | Acetyl-CoA carboxylase | Hydroxyl-CoA dehydrogenase | Acetyl dehydrogenase | Pyruvate kinase | 0a | multi | Ans. A. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase(Ref Harper 31/e page 217)Fatty Acid SynthesisBy two enzyme system1. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase2. Fatty acid synthase complexAcetyl-CoA CarboxylaseConverts acetyl-CoA (2C) to malonyl-CoA in the presence of ATP.Acetyl-CoA carboxylase has a requirement for the B vitamin biotin.It is a multienzym... | Biochemistry | Lipids |
7fd604f4-2708-4088-94ff-a76e3fd8d966 | Maxillary sinus opens into which meatus? | Inferior | Superior | Middle | All | 2c | multi | Ans. c (Middle meatus). (Ref. Bhargaw, 5th ed.151)THE LATERAL NASAL WALL# It consists anteriorly of the nasal bone, frontal process of maxilla & the lacrimal bone.# Posterior to lacrimal bone, the lateral wall of nasal cavity is formed by ethmoid labyrinth, maxillary & inferior concha.# Perpendicular plate of palatine ... | ENT | Nose and PNS |
3338b008-1f10-4104-9408-00daabc3f964 | Which of the following is not true about Xenon anesthesia? | Non explosive | Minimal cardiovascular side effects | Slow induction and slow recovery | Low blood gas solubility | 2c | multi | Ans. c. Slow induction and slow recovery Xenon anaesthesia is inert, non-explosive, environment friendly having low blood solubility with minimal cardiovascular side effects. Lower blood gas coefficient of Xenon results in rapid induction and recovery.Xenon Anesthesia* Xenon was isolated by William Ramsay (Nobel prize ... | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous General Anesthesia |
c7dc25f7-ffd5-4f9b-bd51-eeef47bcc046 | A male with azoospermia. On examination size of testis normal FSH normal testosterone normal. Most probable cause is: | MAL descended testis | Klinefelter's syndrome | Kallmann's syndrome | VAS obstruction | 3d | multi | Ans. is d, i.e. VAS obstructionSince all FSH, LH and Testosterone are normal therefore, it has to be an obstructive cause. Amongst the option, VAS obstruction is the only obstructive cause and hence our answer. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Endometriosis and Infertility |
e4012dca-8632-44f1-b40d-a28dd7cf8fe7 | a 40 yr old man underwent renal transplantation two months after transplantation he developed fever and features suggestive of bilateral diffuse interstitial pnuemonitis. what is causative agent ? | HSV | CMV | EBV | VZV | 1b | single | PERSONS WITH HIGH RISK OF CMV INFECTION : organ transplantation with malignant tumors who are recieving chemotherapy with hiv/aids viral excreation is icreased and prolonged diffuse interstitial pneumonia is common complication ref : ananthanaryana 9th ed | Microbiology | All India exam |
dec6e9e4-b194-431f-9fa1-659e4d8dc8c3 | Infants acquire adult hemoglobin level at: | Birth | End of 1st year | Puberty | 4 years | 1b | single | null | Physiology | null |
897920f2-ed35-4fbb-a5fc-bda825e39195 | A child presented to the emergency depament with seizures. On examination oval hypopigmented macules were noted on the trunk, along with sub-normal IQ. What is the probable diagnosis? | Neurofibromatosis | Sturge Weber | Tuberous sclerosis | Incontinentia Pigmenti | 2c | single | Essentials of Diagnosis & Typical Features of Tuberous sclerosis: Facial angiofibromas or subungual fibromas. Often hypomelanotic macules, gingival fibromas. Retinal hamaomas. Coical tubers or subependymal glial nodules, often calcified. Renal angiomyolipomas. Seizures are the most common presenting symptom. Up to 20% ... | Pediatrics | null |
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