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5869cee3-fe75-4e5e-8f77-052a6a724546 | Which of the following deficiency in alcoholics inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase? | Thiamin | Niacin | Riboflavin | Ascorbic acid | 0a | single | Arsenite and mercuric ions react with the - SH groups of lipoic acid and inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase, as does a dietary deficiency of thiamin, allowing pyruvate to accumulate. Many alcoholics are thiamin-deficient (both because of a poor diet and also because alcohol inhibits thiamin absorption), and may develop pot... | Biochemistry | null |
ef08b696-e95c-48d5-92d7-151cd5504a4b | Compared to the other antidepressant drugs mirtazapine has the distinct ability to act as an antagonist of : | Beta receptors | D2 receptors | Alpha 2 receptors | 5-HT receptors | 2c | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
c1141cca-a33f-4001-830f-d3c0a7bea1eb | Tetracycline injection causes palsy of which nerve? | Ulnar | Median | Radial | Superficial Radial Nerve injury | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Radial | Pharmacology | null |
dff710d7-47a5-4f56-a5eb-c85d918d6812 | Which of the following is key area of nasal septum? | Anterosuperior pa of nasal septum | Anteroinferior pa of nasal septum | Posterosuperior pa of nasal septum | Posteroinferior pa of nasal septum | 1b | single | . | Pathology | All India exam |
193bb7c1-ba4e-4928-bcbf-9be0f7878eba | An 83-year-old man with Parkinson's disease presents with low-grade fever and cough for several weeks. Lately, he has been experiencing more rigidity and difficulty with his walking. He is on a levodopa/carbidopa combination for treatment for the past 5 years. On examination, his gait is shuffling and slow. He has a tr... | oropharyngeal flora | tuberculosis | Staphylococcus aureus | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 0a | single | Most lung abscesses and all anaerobic abscesses involve the normal flora of the oropharynx. Septic embolic usually contain S. aureus. Factors that predispose to Gram-negative colonization of the oropharynx include hospitalization, debility, severe underlying diseases, alcoholism, diabetes, and advanced age. Impaired co... | Medicine | Respiratory |
b2dbe8ac-5af8-4362-9f0f-a9cf94bfedba | A patient with microcytic hypochromic anemia. Hb-9 g%, serum iron-20 microg/dl, ferritin level-800 ng/ml, transferrin percentage saturation is 64%. What is possible diagnosis? | Atransferrinemia | Iron deficiency anemia | DMT 1 mutation | Anemia of chronic disorder | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Atransferrinemia(Ref: Wintrobe's 12th/pg814)This patient with microcytic hypochromic anemia, has high ferritin level (800ng/ml) & increased transferrin percentage saturation (64%). The most possible diagnosis is Atransferrinemia.AtransferrinemiaIt is a rare congenital autosomal recessive condition with low tra... | Pathology | Misc. (R.B.C) |
938dae46-070d-4e45-ba68-e4364cb73b7d | What does Gettlers test detects - | Diatoms in drowning | Chloride content of blood in drowning | Weight in drowning | None | 1b | multi | Reff: The synopsis of forensic medicine & Toxicology 28th edition pg: 194 In 1921, Gettler published a test for drowning from right and left hea chambers, a difference of 25mg/100ml between the chlorides concentrations of the two sides of the hea indicated that the death was due to drowning. In freshwater drowning the ... | Forensic Medicine | Asphyxia |
c3cbc758-268b-40a8-8e04-06ee4bad9483 | Functional unit for implementation of National Mental Health Programme is at which level? | District | Subcentre | PHC | State | 0a | single | The Government of India has launched theNational Mental Health Programme(NMHP) in 1982, keeping in view the heavy burden of mental illness in the community, and the absolute inadequacy of mental health care infrastructure in the country to deal with it. Principal unit of Health administration in India is District under... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Other NHPs |
477aeeb4-d0b5-499f-b2b2-1cfa88860fcc | To prevent keratoconus what is used – | Antibiotics | Cycloplegics | Glasses | None | 3d | multi | There are no preventive measures for keratoconus.
Some specialists believe that patient with keratoconus should have their eye allergies aggressively treated and should be instructed not to rub their eyes | Ophthalmology | null |
d3e749dd-9d30-48f9-b050-46138d1376a7 | Following ultrasound is showing- | Normal pregnancy | Ectopic pregnancy | H. mole | Ovarian cyst | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ectopic pregnancy* Empty endometrial cavity with an extrauterine single gestational sac with yolk sac in left adenexa. Both ovaries are normal. It is indicative of left adnexal, unruptured ectopic pregnancy. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) |
4dd139ec-8cdb-46c2-97d6-4a37f57701ad | What is the structure seen in the given X-ray below? | Stent | Surgical clips | Foley catheter | Intravesical wire | 0a | single | Plain abdominal X ray showing a stent in the right and left ureter. Ureteric stents,also known as double J stents or retrograde ureteric stents, is a urological catheter that has two "J-shaped" (curled) ends, where one is anchored in the renal pelvis and the other inside the bladder. Stents are used for the free passag... | Radiology | All India exam |
5457999e-c4e3-4d59-ba60-94c81097022d | Limiting amino acid in wheat are: | Lysine, arginine | Threonine, methionine | Lysine, threonine | Lysine, methionine | 2c | single | Limiting amino acid in various food stuffs Wheat-lysine (the most deficient) and threonine (second limiting amino acid) Rice-lysine Legumes-tryptophan or methionine (or cysteine) Maize-lysine and tryptophan Egg-none; the reference for absorbable protein | Biochemistry | null |
07846002-ed62-4fc4-811e-de10d5e53c34 | All of the following are true regarding whooping cough except: | Spread by droplet infection | 90% of cases occur in children under 5 years of age | The whoop stage is more infectious than catarrhal stage | Blood count shows lymphocytosis | 2c | multi | Ans: cRef: Harrison, 16th ed, p. 875, 876 | Medicine | Infection |
70a64eaf-fc06-4396-ae85-abb7829b13c9 | Maximum density of goblet cells is seen in: | Superior conjunctiva | Inferior conjunctiva | Nasal conjunctiva | Temporal conjunctiva | 2c | single | C i.e. Nasal conjunctiva Goblet cells are the chief source of tear mucus Q. These occur throughout the conjunctiva, especially the plica semilunaris. | Ophthalmology | null |
3b78cc65-1321-4a8b-8e97-3852be0044b7 | The histiocytosis X is a spectrum of disorders, which include the following condition | Eosinophilic granuloma | Hand Schuller - Christian disease | Letterer - Siwe disease | All of the above | 3d | multi | null | Pathology | null |
3223ba5c-8db2-40cc-bd7b-c0cc589615a1 | In frey's syndrome, neurotransmitter is: | Acetylcholine. | Epinephrine. | Norepinephrine. | Serotonin. | 0a | single | null | Pathology | null |
30d24063-886a-45e4-9e82-46aff1052b0c | All of the following are seen in Systemic Juvenile Ahritis except | Rheumatoid Factor +ve | Hepatosplenomegaly | High fever with rash | Elevated E.S.R | 0a | multi | Rheumatoid factor is negative in systemic onset JIA Ref Ghai pediatrics eighth edition pg no 626 | Pediatrics | Musculoskeletal disorders |
5420c6b5-7fad-4770-99b0-2fba04a7f72b | A village with 10000 population 250 suffered from malaria out of which 50 dead, another 100 suffered from dengue out of which 30 died in 2013 case fatality rate of dengue is - | 40 ' | 80 | 30 | 70 | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 30 CFR =Total no. of deaths due to a diseaseTotal no. of cases of the same diseasex 100 CFR due to dengue=No. of death due to dengueTotal cases of denguex 100 =30100x 100 = 30 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Measurement of Mortality and Morbidity |
4468ff64-b65c-4f6b-8b06-b6e84e1cdf51 | All are true about mammary gland, except ? | Is a modified sweat gland | Extends from 2nd to 6th rib veically | Supplied by internal mammary aery | Nipple is supplied by 6th intercostal nerve | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Nipple is supplied by 6th intercostal nerve Mammary gland Breast (mammary gland) is a modified sweat gland present in the superficial fascia of pectoral region. Veically it extend from 2" to 6' ribs at midclavicular line and horizonal extent is from sternal margin to midaxillary line at the level of 4... | Anatomy | null |
f58d5dd3-6978-422d-bc88-8df4fc1b7404 | In diffuse calcification of pancreas calcium lies in? | Acinar tissues | Interstitium | Pancreatic ducts | Any where | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Anywhere | Pathology | null |
d1890112-ae22-4742-8aaa-3e9a2e593d2d | Most common lung cancers in non smokers is | Squamous cell carcinoma | Bronchoalveolar carcinoma | Small cell carcinoma | Adenocarcinoma | 3d | multi | Adenocarcinoma is the most common lung cancers in non smokers. | Medicine | null |
bca7c6ea-da3c-4ae0-be48-4e4d117b7c97 | BCR-ABL fusion gene is detected by? | Flow cytometry | FISH | Karyotyping | RT-PCR | 1b | single | Ans. (b) FISH(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 616-618)Flow cytometry: is used for immunophenotyping in Leukemias & LymphomasFISH- used for detecting submicroscopic chromosomal aberrations of BCR-ABL fusionKaryotyping: Used for detecting chromosomal defects of at least 5 mb size (low sensitivity)RT-PCR: used for quantitative DNA es... | Pathology | Misc. (W.B.C) |
03e894aa-0c5e-44dd-b240-97bfbf3cabba | In a patient with head injury, unexplained hypotension warrants evaluation of: | Upper cervical spine | Lower cervical spine | Thoracic spine | Lumbar spine | 2c | single | High thoracic or cervical cord transection causes hypotension and bradycardia due to functional sympathectomy (sometimes with Horner syndrome). Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 15th Edition, Page 2441; Surgery: Basic Science and Clinical Evidence By Jeffrey A. Noon, Philip S. Barie, Randall Bollinger, 2... | Surgery | null |
108cd666-f90d-45a2-939c-830582f4076e | NOT a mutation in Down's syndrome | Mosaicism | Robersonian translocation | Maternal non disjunction | VNTR's | 3d | single | (D) VNTR's# A Variable Number Tandem Repeat (or VNTR) is a location in a genome where a short nucleotide sequence is organized as a tandem repeat is associated with major psychiatric disorders.> Trisomy 21 also known by the karyotype 47, XX+21 for females and 47,XY,+21 for males.> The extra chromosome 21 material may a... | Pathology | Misc. |
d8ed37c8-5125-4883-bcf5-ac9e2395e106 | Sironemelia is caused due to effect in ? | Endoderm | Mesoderm | Ectoderm | None of the above | 1b | multi | Gastrulation itself may be disrupted by genetic abnormalities and toxic insults. In caudal dysgenesis (sirenomelia), insufficient mesoderm is formed in the caudalmost region of the embryo. Because this mesoderm contributes to formation of the lower limbs, urogenital system (intermediate mesoderm), and lumbosacral veebr... | Anatomy | null |
a2952605-b6b4-4717-b51f-800ce497b5d5 | Ulcerative colitis starts in : | Descending colon | Transverse colon | Caecum | Rectum | 3d | single | null | Surgery | null |
c836f213-8fad-4947-bbc1-4efd2e3cee0e | A gastric ulcer is said to be refractory when it fails to heal after therapy for: | 6 weeks | 8 weeks | 12 weeks | 14 weeks | 2c | single | A gastric ulcer that fails to heal after 12 weeks and a duodenal ulcer does not heal at 8 weeks of therapy should be considered refractory. Cause of refractory ulcers: Malignancy Zollinger Ellison syndrome Cigarette smoking Ischemia Crohn's disease Lymphoma Eosinophilic gastroenteritis Infections (TB,CMV) Ref: Harrison... | Medicine | null |
8845d5fb-1445-492d-877d-68f59ec7c0ab | Induction at term is not done in | Preeclampsia | Diabetes | Hea disease | Renal disease | 0a | single | Preeclampsia is associated with significant maternal and fetal morbidity and moality. No pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia should be allowed to cross 38 weeks and earlier terminations will often have to be considered depending on maternal and fetal status. Refer page no 559 of Textbook of obstetrics, Sheila Balakri... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics |
196d5107-9b2c-43f4-a7ba-f2dba3ae8041 | The following are true regarding Lyme's Disease, except - | It is transmitted by ixotid tick. | Erythema chronicum migraines may be a clinical feature | Borrelia recurrentis is the aetiological agent | Rodents act as natural hosts | 2c | multi | Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme’s disease
Lyme’s disease is transmitted by ixodid tick
Erythema migrans (annular skin lesions) occurs in 1st stage
Rodents act as natural hosts. | Microbiology | null |
3d5cb615-92b7-4ba5-a2fd-9ae68d57012a | A child presents with a lesion on the face as depicted on the PLATE. The biopsy from the lesion is also shown. What is the most probable diagnosis? | R Alba | Lepromatous Leprosy | Indeterminate leprosy | Pityriasis Rosea | 2c | single | ANSWER: (C) Indeterminate LeprosyREF: IAL textbook of leprosy P:157CAUSES OF HYPOPIGMENTED WHITE LESION ON FAE OF CHILD* Pityriasis Alba* Vitiligo* Indeterminate Hansen* Albinism* Halo nevus* Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis* Seborrheic dermatitis* Pityriasis Versicolor See PLATE - KEY INTERMEDIATE LEPROSY(A) Morpho... | Unknown | null |
de884a8d-83a2-47e5-8f7a-423492d5cda4 | The following tests are used to check the efiiciency of pasteurization of mild except - | Phosphatase test | Standard plate count | Coliform count | Methylene blue reduction test | 3d | multi | Methylene blue reduction test is an indirect method for detection of microorganism in milk. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 606 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
245603af-6394-429f-9428-2c5afb784bd5 | All can take split thickness graft except - | Fat | Muscle | Skull bone | Deep fascia | 2c | multi | "The skin graft must be applied to a well-vascularized recipient wound bed. It will not adhere to exposed bone, cartilage, or tendon devoid of periosteum, perichendrium or peritenon, respectively, or devoid of its vascularized perimembranous envelope." - Sabiston 17/e p 2185 | Surgery | null |
1c9ce032-cf70-4271-a044-b50a52d9516e | Not a differential Diagnosis for grey white membrane on Tonsil | Candidiasis | Ludwig's Angina | Vincent's Angina | Malignancy tonsil | 1b | single | null | ENT | null |
4e6bf53f-f3b2-4d0a-9155-5c45fead1013 | True about gastric stump carcinoma | Enterogastric reflex is the cause | Prognosis good after surgery | It is always adenocarcinoma in nature | Diffuse type is only variety | 0a | multi | Usually, after Billroth II operation altered acid level, enterogatric bile reflux is the pathogenesis which increases the peptic activity causing mucosal metaplasia and dysplasia resulting in stump carcinoma Reference SRB edition:5 page:845 | Surgery | G.I.T |
b25e080c-1188-4b84-803e-acae16a17f4c | Lower 1/3'd of anal canal is derived from? | Proctodaeum | Cloaca | Urogenital Sinus | Midgut | 0a | single | Ans. is'a'i.e., Proctodaeum(Ref: BDC Sh/eVol. Il p. 415)'The lower third of the anal canal is an ectodermal derivative and is derived from the proctodaeum.'Pa of anal canal above pectinate line develops from dorsal pa of md.odermal cloaca (primitive rectum) and pa of anal canal below pectinate line develops from ectode... | Anatomy | null |
dffef730-fa4d-44ec-baaa-ac6a57e3370a | Treatment for achalasia associated with high rate of recurrence : | Pneumatic dilatation | Laproscopic myotomy | Open surgical myotomy | Botulinum toxin | 3d | single | Treatment of Achalasia The aim of treatment is to relieve the functional obstruction at the cardio The two main methods to achieve this are Forceful dilatation or Esophageal myotomy (Heller's myotomy) with or without an antireflux procedure 1) Forceful dilatation (pneumatic dilatation) The aim is to weaken or rupture t... | Anatomy | G.I.T |
3061bdab-ea7b-4e3b-97b4-ded37abb8a28 | Antibiotic treatment of choice for treating cholera in an adult is a single dose of: | Tetracycline | Co-trimoxazole | Doxycycline | Furazolidone | 2c | single | Doxycycline - antibiotic of choice for adults only single dose suffices. TMP-SMX - antibiotic of choice for children. Furazolidone - antibiotic of choice for pregnant women. Ref: Park's Textbook Of Preventive And Social Medicine By K. Park, 19th Edition, Page 193; Park's Textbook Of Preventive And Social Medicine By K.... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
7422396e-c847-42cc-af10-6ad261ebfe0a | In treatment of papillary carcinomas thyroid, radioiodine destroys the neoplastic cells predominantly by | X rays | β rays | γ rays | α particles | 1b | single | I131 is treated by the body just like the ordinary nonradioactive isotope, so that when swallowed it is concentrated in the thyroid gland.
It emits mainly β radiation (90%) which penetrates only 0.5 mm of the tissue and thus allows therapeutic effects on the thyroid without any damage to the surrounding structures, par... | Surgery | null |
50fdbc42-2ea4-4934-b036-09b2aa3becbc | An IgG2 molecule is composed of which of the following? | One alpha, one gamma, and two kappa chains | One gamma1 chain and two kappa chains | Two gamma1 chains and one kappa and one lambda chain | Two gamma2 chains and two kappa chains | 3d | single | IgG molecules contain two gamma heavy chains of a given subtype and two light chains (either kappa or lambda). The 2 in IgG2 indicates the subclass to which the molecule belongs. IgG2 contains two gamma2 chains (since a given B cell can only form one type of heavy chain). The IgG molecule will contain either two kappa ... | Microbiology | null |
4e6f3949-2418-41aa-8797-3618ba03e6e5 | Find therapeutic index of drug from the information given below in the graph | 128 | 1024 | 8 | 16 | 3d | single | TI = LD50/ED50 TI = 128 mg/8 mg = 16 | Pharmacology | FMGE 2019 |
f2e89316-8348-4e01-b1aa-927aff5b7da1 | Inferior mesenteric vein drains into vein- | Splenic | Hepatic | Portal | Inf. vena cava | 0a | single | Splenic | Unknown | null |
faa271b0-0ba6-4ad4-a8b7-0647087451b8 | Pituitary diabetes insipidus is improved by? | Water restriction | Lithium | Chlorpropamide | Chlohiazide | 2c | single | CHLORPROPAMIDE : This Anti-diabetic drug was withdrawn from market as it causes SIADH. So theoretically, it can be used in diabetes insipidus. But the DOC for treatment of Central Diabetes Insipidus: Desmopressin | Medicine | Disorders of pituitary gland |
929eb584-78d3-4865-81de-4b530a5f56f9 | General anaesthetic most likely to cause bronchodilation is | Thiopentone | Ketamine | Propofol | Fentanyl | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
c06bec9b-c2af-4632-b0ff-aa5dc99a5ca0 | somatic efferent nerves are all except: | Occulomotor | Trochlear | Trigeminal | Abducent | 2c | multi | Somatic efferent nerves, also called as general somatic efferent (GSE) nerves, supply skeletal muscle of somatic origin.
Somatic efferent nerves are:
• Occulomotor (3)
• Trochlear (4)
• Abducent (6)
• Hypoglossal (12) | Anatomy | null |
ef9bc893-c0eb-4c1b-9a21-71a6a843270c | Which of the following is an ionic channel ? | a -1 receptors | b - 1 receptors | Nicotinic cholinergic receptors | Muscarinic cholinergic receptors | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Nicotinic cholinergic receptors | Pharmacology | null |
8d80d19f-8e39-45b9-a512-d26c49606bf2 | Na+ – K+ ATPase | 3 Na+ out/ 2K+ in | 3Na+ in/ 2K+ out | 2Na+ out/ 3K+ in | 2Na+ in/3K+ out | 0a | single | In Na+-K+ exchange, 3 Na goes out and 2K goes in to the cell. | Physiology | null |
ddd43c2d-d035-4720-af60-a9ce27d5bfe2 | Glycine is useful in all of the following except - | Purine synthesis | Creatine synthesis | Spermine synthesis | Heme synthesis | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Spermine synthesis Glycineo Glycine is a nonessential amino acid which is synthesized from serine. Glycine is metabolized by following three pathways -It can be converted to serine, a reaction that require tetrahydrofolate {derivative of folic acidQ) and pyridoxal phosphateQ as coenzyme. Further serin... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of Purines and Pyrimidines |
1314bdbc-21b0-4966-886b-f60ea4fbee1b | Granulomatosis hepatitis is not caused by: | Blastomycosis | Metastatic carcinoma | Tuberculosis | Cat scratch disease | 1b | single | Granulomatous hepatitis is a cause of pyrexia of unknown origin and granulomas are picked up on CT scan or USG abdomen. It is associated with infections like tuberculosis, cat scratch disease, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis. | Medicine | Hepatitis |
5466afa8-02a3-480b-8269-f6a34433e11c | Apple jelly nodule in Nasal septum | Syphilis | Leprosy | Lupus vulgaris | Wegener's Granulomatosis | 2c | single | null | ENT | null |
7627cdba-8054-455d-840c-b3b54b457efb | The inner wall of the tubule is highly calcified and termed as | Peritubular dentin | Intratubular dentin | Both | Mantle dentin | 2c | multi | Dentin is made up of dentinal tubules. The dentinal tubules contain the protoplasmic process of the odontoblasts called odontoblastic process. The inner wall of the tubule is highly calcified and is termed as peritubular or intratubular dentin. Between the tubules is the intertubular dentin and it is calcified to a les... | Dental | null |
eec3a8ae-117a-4fdc-aaa1-5c764d3bec3c | Duodenal blow out is usually seen at which day of the post operative period? | 4th | 11th | 2nd | 7th | 0a | multi | Ans: a (4th day)Duodenal blow out usually occurs between 2-7 days of surgery, more specifically on the 4th.It presents as abdominal pain, tachycardia, worsening of the general condition of the patient.It usually occurs after Billroth -II gastrectomyManagement:Total parenteral nutrution is given, catheter is placed imme... | Surgery | Stomach & Duodenum |
fa7ac1e6-a7cd-4fb6-ae6d-eb432a54d80a | Super carrier of HBV shows following serum markers ? | HBsAg | HbsAg + HBV DNA | HbsAg + HBeAg + HBV DNA | Anti-HBsAg + HBV DNA | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., HbsAg + HBeAg + HBV DNA In HBV infection, there are two types of carriers : Super Carriers High titre of HBs Ag, HBe Ag, DNA polymerase and HBV in the circulation Highly infective Simple carriers Low titre of HBsAg with negative HBe Ag, DNA polymerase and HBV Have low infectivity | Microbiology | null |
a3a57d7a-c81d-4cda-be2e-7d28ee29688b | NNN media used in? | Leishmania | Histoplasma | Trypanosoma | Entamoeba | 0a | single | Diagnosis Novy-Macneal-Nicole Medium Laboratory diagnosis of leishmaniasis can include the following: Isolation, visualization, and culturing of the parasite from infected tissue Serologic detection of antibodies to recombinant K39 antigen Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for sensitive, rapid diagnosis of Leishman... | Microbiology | general microbiology |
4798e068-b663-4127-814f-58927566011e | How many pairs of flagella does Giardia lamblia possess - | One | Two | Three | Four | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Four Giardia (review)o Giardia is a flagellate protozoao It is the only common protozoa that inhabits the duodenum and jejunum (upper small intestine) of human.o Infective form - cysto Mode of transmission - Ingestion of cysto Giardia exists in two forms | Microbiology | Parasitology |
48a76a40-bca9-4936-b7b1-f4efaca201ba | A 27 years old P2L2 has come to OPD for contraceptive advice. She has delivered a male child 3 weeks back and is presently lactating. She has no contraindication of any hormone use. She can be given- | DMPA | Minipill | Levonorgestrol implants | Combined OCPs | 1b | single | Progestin-only Contraception methods do not impair milk production and are an excellent choice for lactating women. There are no increased risks of genital tract or breast neoplasia MEC 1 However, after the initial 6 weeks of delivery are over, use of IUCDs is equally good. OCP contain estrogens which significantly red... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Puerperium |
68e90803-2748-46c5-b982-84483ab34e16 | Endometrial repair after menstrual bleeding is under the influence of which hormone ? | FSH | Progesterone | Estrogen | LH | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., EstrogenAfter mensturation there is proliferative phase, which is under the control of estrogen.Secretory phase is controlled by progesterone | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
9351ace8-c88c-4536-895a-2afe55eb7e9d | A 18yr old girl comes to gynaec OPD presenting with 6months A amenorrhea with his low grade fever weight loss pain abdomen generalised weakness On clinical examination pelvic mass felt on left side with features of ascites Diagnosis | TB pelvic with tuboovasion mass | ectopic pregnancy | Granulosa cell tumour | Fibroid with degeneration | 0a | single | ref : shaw gynecology | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | All India exam |
1147973b-6b69-4447-ad7a-23ac66cfd08d | A 25 yr old female presented with malaise and generalized weakness since 6 months. Her appetite is reduced and she has giddiness and palpitations on and off. There was no organomegaly. Laboratory study showed normochromic to hypochromic anaemia, RDW=60, and MCV=50. What is the diagnosis ? | Thalasemia minor | Iron deficiency anaemia | Chronic malaria | Folate deficiency | 1b | single | null | Medicine | null |
c3870125-a555-459a-8762-76d5aea29085 | Radioactive phosphorus is used in the treatment of – | Polycythemia | Thyroid metastasis | Multiple myeloma | Embrynal cell carcinoma | 0a | single | Amongst the given options, Radioactive phosphorus has a well-established role in polycythemia vera. It has also been tried in multiple myeloma, however, its use for this is still debatable. | Radiology | null |
47718736-f2ae-4566-818b-7f1e88e2fb41 | Vitamin K is a cofactor in | Carboxylation | Hydroxylation | Deaminatiom | Hydrolysis | 0a | single | Refer Katzung 10/e p 549 Vitamin K is involved in activition if various clotting factors as well as anticlotting clotting proteins It carries out the final step in activation of these ors I. E, gamma carboxylation of glutamate residues in these factors | Pharmacology | Respiratory system |
a42988ae-5dba-4560-89ac-54d4c0174e7f | Pseudomembranous colitis, all are true except - | Toxin A is responsible for clinical manifestation | Toxin B is responsible for clinical manifestation | Blood in stools is a common feature | Summit lesions is early histopathological finding | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Blood in stools is a common feature | Microbiology | null |
05cfec95-b551-488c-83ee-f0f4e15c9496 | Amyloid deposit stain positively with all of the following except | Congo red | Crystal violet | Methanamine silver | Thioflavin T | 2c | multi | Ref Robbins 9/e p262 The Modified Gomori Methenamine-SilverNitrate Stain (GMS Stain) is intended for usein the histologic visualization of fungi, basement membrane and some oppounistic organisms such as Pneumocystis carinii. | Anatomy | General anatomy |
9dffa5b1-1c67-41df-90f8-b88df616543d | In an experiment, metabolically active cells are subjected to radiant energy in the form of x-rays. This results in cell injury caused by hydrolysis of water. Which of the following intracellular enzymes helps to protect the cells from this type of injury? | Endonuclease | Glutathione peroxidase | Lactate dehydrogenase | Phospholipase | 1b | multi | The body has intracellular mechanisms that prevent damage from free radicals generated by exposure to x-rays. Glutathione peroxidase reduces such injury by catalyzing the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide. Endonucleases damage DNA in nuclear chromatin. Lactate dehydrogenase is present in a variety of cells, and its elevat... | Pathology | Cellular Pathology |
39e0c7e3-f45a-4b51-81c8-cb4b3e759498 | The definition of Epidemiology as The study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency in man was given by | John M. Last | Winslow | MacMahon | Frost | 2c | single | null | Dental | null |
62a6cedf-ba1f-4ca0-a95c-5853454b8383 | Which of the following conditions is diagnosed using Cozen's test? | Little leaguer's elbow | Tennis elbow | Golfer's elbow | Frozen shoulder | 1b | single | Cozen's test - In this test active extension of wrist against resistance produces pain at the point of common extensor origin. It is considered a positive finding for lateral epicondylitis or Tennis elbow. | Surgery | null |
c8f49d61-4fc1-4642-af00-3a8e7868561e | Which of the following is true about cementum | It forms a part of periodontium and is avascular. | Its function is to attach tooth to PDL. | It provides anchorage to the tooth. | All of the above | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
5dd21e15-236d-401e-8d9d-00e0ec553c01 | Chronic calcific pancreatitis is associated with all of the following except: September 2005 | Hypercalcemia | Diabetes mellitus | Malabsorption of fat | Diabetes associated complications are uncommon | 0a | multi | Ars. A: Hypercalcemia Chronic calcifying pancreatitis is invariably related to alcoholism. The earliest finding is precipitation of proteinaceous material in the pancreatic ducts that forms protein plugs that subsequently calcify. The pancreatic ductal epithelium undergoes atrophy, hyperplasia, and metaplasia at the si... | Surgery | null |
ae81c5d1-b01b-463f-9a7b-45aa6a217de5 | Which of the following artery supplies lower 2/3rd of thyroid lobe, trachea, thymus | Inferior thyroid artery. | Superior thyroid artery. | ECA | All of the above | 0a | multi | Superior thyroid artery is the first anterior branch of external carotid artery. It is intimately related to external laryngeal nerve. The superior thyroid artery supplies upper one third of thyroid lobe and the upper half of isthmus.
The inferior thyroid artery is a branch of thyro cervical trunk, which arises from su... | Anatomy | null |
b193a37a-1740-4567-aaa4-0a93ea428a2f | The child , Draws triangle from a copy at _______. | 30 months | 36 months | 48 months | 60 months | 3d | single | Emerging patterns of Adaptive milestones from 1-5years of age 15months Makes a tower of 3 cubes Makes a line with a crayon Inses raisin in a bottle 18months Makes a tower of 4 cubes Imitates scribbling Imitates veical stroke Dumps raisin from a bottle 24months Makes a tower of 7 cubes (6 at 21 mo) Scribbles in a circul... | Pediatrics | Growth and development |
c4f593ff-e24d-46af-8d60-6a204ef4db74 | Which of the following is not associated with multiple myeloma? | Bone pain | Metastatic calcification | Punched out lesion in the skull | Carpopedal spasm | 3d | single | MULTIPLE MYELOMA : Bone pain is the most common symptom in myeloma, affecting nearly 70% of patients. Unlike the pain of metastatic carcinoma, which often is worse at night, the pain of myeloma is precipitated by movement. Persistent localized pain in a patient with myeloma usually signifies a pathologic fracture. The ... | Orthopaedics | Tumors |
12dffb5b-cb5f-465d-858b-79190c6d5a6d | The highest volume overload in a paurient due to maximum cardiac output is seen: | During second trimester | At term | After a heavy meal | Immediately after delivery | 3d | single | Ans. d. Immediately after delivery The highest volume overload in a paurient due to maximum cardiac output is seen immediately after delivery. "Peripheral vasodilation leading to a decrease in systemic vascular resistance is thought to be the first cardiovascular change associated with pregnancy (induced by progesteron... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
364b074f-caf6-472c-a962-e91382c34ef2 | Turcot's syndrome is associated with -a) Duodenal polypsb) Familial adenomatous polyposisc) Brain tumorsd) Villous adenomae) Hyperplastic polyps | a | c | bc | ad | 2c | single | Turcot's syndrome is a variant of Familial adenomatous polyposis characterized by
- Colorectal polyposis
- Brain tumors (Medulloblastoma, Glioblastoma multiforme)
The colonic polyps in Turcot's syndrome are fewer and larger than in classic FAP. | Surgery | null |
1d211ebf-cd7d-4006-a7e9-98aa50eaa11f | Absolute contraindication to thiopentone: | Cardiotoxicity | Acute intermittent phorphyria | Malignant hyperthermia | Methhemoglobinemia | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Acute intermittent phorphyriaMust Know* Thiopentone is C/I in acute intermittent porphyria.* Etomidate is C/I in adrenal insufficiency.* LA which causes meth hemoglobinemia: Prilocaine* Malignant hyperthermia is caused by: Succinylcholine* DOC for malignant hyperthermia: Dantrolene | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous General Anesthesia |
7f1ab325-d85f-4025-b00e-07a22ac03789 | A small amount of atropine is added to diphenoxylate in order to: | Suppress associated vomiting of gastroenteritis | Augment the anti-motility action of diphenoxylate | Block side effects of diphenoxylate | Discourage overdose and abuse of diphenoxylate | 3d | multi | Atropine is intentionally added to diphenoxylate in fixed dose combinations to intentionally produce the adverse effects. - If the person takes diphenoxylate in large doses to get the euphoria, atropine will produce adverse effects and the person will not abuse the drug. | Pharmacology | Gastro-Intestinal Tract |
882ebf42-f087-466c-893a-6626280fcaeb | A case of injury to right brow due to a fall from scooter presents with sudden loss of vision in the right eye. The pupil shows absent direct reflex but a normal consensual pupillary reflex is present. The fundus is normal. The treatment or choice is: | Intensive intravenous coicosteroids as prescribed for spinal injuries to be instituted within six hours | Pulse methyl Prednisolone 250 mg four times daily for three days | Oral Prednisolone 1.5 mg/kg body weight | Emergency optic canal decompression | 0a | multi | A i.e. Intensive intravenous coicosteroids as prescribed for spinal injuries to be instituted within six hours A i.e. Intensive intravenous coicosteroids as prescribed for spinal injuries to be instituted within six hours The first line of management of traumatic optic neuropathy is mega dose IV methyl prednisolone wit... | Ophthalmology | null |
c343068d-658f-44b2-8e9a-28f0e0a4005d | Which of the following prevent extrusion and lateral tooth movement | Alveolar crest group | Horizontal group | Oblique group | Apical group | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
ff7dd22e-0ecd-4df0-9aa3-a195c0206d0a | Chloroquine is used in the treatment of | DLE | Pemphigus | Psoriasis | Nummular eczema | 0a | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
755a5d68-a4ef-4bce-ae9c-d34ed0be80ab | Which of the following is the site of Venous Thrombosis in Budd Chiari Syndrome? | Infrahepatic inferior vena cava | Infrarenal inferior vena cava | Hepatic vein | Poal vein | 2c | single | Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) is an uncommon congestive hepatopathy caused by the obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. Patients may present with acute signs and symptoms of abdominal pain, ascites, and hepatomegaly or more chronic symptoms related to long-standing poal hypeension. The obstruction may be thrombotic or no... | Medicine | null |
cc6e5084-d76b-4877-9012-f0c803f1d70d | True about small bowel diverticula- | Contains all the layers of bowel wall | Common in terminal ileum | Surgical treatment is not required | Seen on the mesenteric border | 3d | multi | Small bowel is uncommon site for diverticula. In small bowel, duodenum is the most common site followed by jejunum and then ileum.
They are mainly acquired type and are false diverticula i.e. their walls consists of only mucosa or submucosa.
They are mainly seen at the mesenteric border.
Small bowel diverticula can be ... | Surgery | null |
30ba9ad5-f44c-4af8-b386-f0cc0dbbb760 | Function of Golgi apparatus is | Synthesis of protein | Maturation of protein | Degradation of protein | Sequencing of protein | 1b | single | Organization of the Golgi is directed at proper glycosylation of proteins and lipids. There are more than 200 enzymes that function to add, remove, or modify sugars from proteins and lipids in the Golgi apparatus. Membranous vesicles containing newly synthesized proteins bud off from the granular endoplasmic reticulum ... | Physiology | General physiology |
a2ea05d8-c927-4b53-9678-5d2f84bb613d | In a 40 years old male thrombus in the common femoral aery is because of - | Atheroma | Thrombangits obliterans | Raynauds disease | Abdominal mass | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Atheroma | Surgery | null |
9e939bbd-40e4-44f2-8c4d-7028715e80e7 | Treatment of choice in central safe perforation is - | Modified mastoidectomy | Tympanoplasty | Myringoplasty | Conservative management | 3d | single | There are 2 schools of thought as far as this question is concerned – Some believe that.
TOC of central perforation is myringoplasty.
TOC of central perforation is conservative management.
But according to Turner 10/e, p 285 - central perforation/ tubo tympanic CSOM are both managed conservatively by antibiotics and ... | ENT | null |
22362a35-3598-4a88-9ef5-a033c8e05483 | Plasmacytoid lymphomas may be associated with increase in | IgG | IgM | IgA | IgE | 1b | single | Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma is a B-cell neoplasm composed of small lymphocytes, plasmacytoidlymphocytes, and plasma cells, which typically affects older adults. There is maturation to plasmacytoid cells, but lacking the features of other lymphomas (pseudofollicles, neoplastic follicles, monocytoid B cells). lymph nodes;... | Pathology | Haematology |
4ed3f0ba-f7a5-4cd6-a722-c6e187d45578 | A woman consumes several tabs of Amitryptilline (case of amitryptiline poisoning). All of the following can be done except - | Sodium bicarbonate infusion | Gastric lavage | Diazepam for seizure control | Atropine as antidote | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Atropine as antidote o This question is straight forward and you can solve this one, even if you don't know the treatment of TCAs poisoning. As you all know that TCAs cause antichlolinergic side effects, atropine (an anticholinergic drug) cannot be used in TCAs poisoning. Treatment of TCAs Poisoning o... | Pharmacology | null |
cef23903-71b8-47dd-a2ca-e49a99b39a45 | Best preservative for protozoal cysts is | 10 % formalin | Isopropyl alchol | HCL Solution | Naoh solution | 0a | single | 10 % formalin is ALL - purpose fixative used for preservation of morphology of helminth eggs, larvae, protozoan cysts and coccidian. | Microbiology | null |
cd4b3186-97d1-4fdd-9108-5052400f1a82 | The Ridley -Jopling classification for leprosy is based on which of the following parameters? | Clinical, bacteriological, immunological | Histopathological, clinical, therapeutic | Histopathological, epidemiological, therapeutics | Histopathological, clinical, epidemiological | 0a | single | Ans. a. Clinical, bacteriological, immunological Ridley-Jopling Classification for Leprosy is based on Clinical (skin and nerve involvement), bacteriological (bacteriological/ morphological index in skin and nasal smears) and immunological criteria (Lepromin test). | Skin | null |
a70d307f-4877-4273-8cb8-33276953aac7 | Pancytopenia with cellular marrow is seen in all except - | Megaloblastic anemia | Myelodysplasia | Paroxysmal Nocturnal hemoglobinuria | G6PD deficiency | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
b3fd8ae3-c58a-4280-adca-d02122f6918c | By what age a child can make tower of 3 cubes? | 15 months | 18 months | 24 months | 28 months | 1b | single | 15 months - 2 cube tower
18 months - 3 cube tower
24 months - 6 cube tower
36 months - 9 cube tower | Pediatrics | null |
df5eba26-f882-4eaa-a0ac-190e4db7b434 | Which of the following is FALSE regarding breast cancer during pregnancy? | Axillary lymph node metastases in 75% of affected women | Mammography is sensitivity during pregnancy | Radiation cannot be considered for treatment | Less than 25% of the breast nodules are cancerous | 1b | multi | Breast cancer occurs in 1 of every 3000 pregnant women, and axillary lymph node metastases are present in up to 75% of these women. The average age of the pregnant woman with breast cancer is 34 years. Less than 25% of the breast nodules developing during pregnancy and lactation will be cancerous. Ultrasonography and n... | Surgery | null |
09209be8-8324-4a45-a3cb-6428a03f8b78 | Which of the viruses is not commonly implicated in the pathogenesis of Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas? | Human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1) | Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) | Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) | Cytomegalovirus (CMV) | 3d | single | HTLV-1 is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. EBV is found in a subset of Burkitt lymphoma, 30% to 40% of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), many B-cell lymphomas arising in the setting of T-cell immunodeficiency, and rare NK-cell lymphomas. In addition to Kaposi sarcoma, HHV-8 is associated with an unusual B-cell lymp... | Pathology | Non Hodgkin Iymphoma |
17aecbe9-9c27-4320-9850-82c20087b77e | Karlstad studies were held in: | Netherlands | London | Sweden | Finland | 2c | single | Since artificial fluoridation is not permitted in Sweden a number of other initiatives were introduced in 1971 as part of the "Karlstad studies" to evaluate the separate and combined effects of different plaque control programs.
The efficacy of professional tooth cleaning was extensively investigated for the first time in th... | Dental | null |
73508488-6509-45fb-91f8-a8258ec3036e | All are true regarding Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpurs (TTP), except ? | Normal complement levels | Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia | Thrombocytopenia | Thrombosis | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Normal complement levels All the given options are true in relation to TTP. Because red cells are forced to squeeze through abnormally narrowed small vessels because of thrombi. --> Due to consuption of platelets in formation of platelet thrombi. --> Due to presence of thrombi in CNS microcirculation.... | Pathology | null |
0667f795-0893-4e1e-b541-fa9fe4688ad1 | Urinary retention in child is most commonly caused by - | Metal scab with ulceration | Post.urethral valve | Urethral stricture | Epispadias | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
daf07b41-4081-4250-a888-595f79ccdab6 | Mutism is a recognised feature of : | Ganser states | Conversion hysteria | Catatonic Schizophrenia | All | 3d | multi | > A. i.e. Ganser state; B. i.e. Conversion hysteria; C. i.e. Catatonic schizophrenia | Psychiatry | null |
7ccd20e8-0730-432d-ae6f-ffdf0b717777 | In a patient post myocardial infarction developed arrial fibrillation. Subsequently the ECHO showed a mural thrombus. The management is by | Warfarin | Cardioversion | Digoxin | Propranolol | 0a | single | (A) Warfarin # Patients with an anterior location of the infarction, severe LV dysfunction, CHF, a history of embolism, two-dimensional echocardiographic evidence of mural thrombus, or atrial fibrillation are at increased risk of systemic or pulmonary thromboembciism.> Such individuals should receive full therapeutic l... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
f1b7bc19-0a26-485e-8695-94dc17aec1e6 | Not seen in pellagra - | Diarrhea | Dyspepsia | Dementia | Dermatitis | 1b | single | - niacin deficiency results in pellagra. The disease is characterized by diarrhea, dermatitis and dementia. - niacin deficiency is common in maize eating population due to aminoacid imbalance cause by an excess of leucine. - excess of leucine appears to interfere in the conversion of tryptophan to niacin. Reference: Pa... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
7dd6bfb1-85df-474a-9770-6044a19f9376 | Isolated hyperbilirubinemia is classically seen as an adverse effect of: | INH | Rifampin | Pyrazinamide | Capreomycin | 1b | multi | Hepatotoxicity due to rifampin alone is uncommon and often consists of isolated hyperbilirubinemia. Ref: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 1375 | Medicine | null |
9cf04321-2b85-4916-bc37-ca8f764cd4e3 | Green coloured urine is seen in: | Copper sulphate | Opium | Nitric acid | Phenol | 3d | single | Ans: d (Phenol) Ref:Reddy, 27th ed, p. 469In phenol poisoning (carbolic acid) green coloured urine is passed which is called carboluria. Il is due lo the presence of oxidized hydroquinone and pyrocatechol in urine. They are derivatives of phenol. The hydroquinone and pyrocatechol cause pigmentation in the cornea and va... | Forensic Medicine | Toxicology |
8569f191-3105-4946-9511-0403b00fce58 | Pseudochylous ascites occurs in- | Cirrhosis | Hyperlipidemia | Filariasis | Malignant ascites | 3d | single | • Abnormal accumulation in the peritoneal cavity of a milky fluid that resembles chyle.
• The turbidity of the fluid is caused by cellular debris in the fluid.
• Pseudochylous ascites is indicative of an abdominal tumor or infection.
• In some patients the ascitic fluid appears milky because of an excess of chylomicron... | Surgery | null |
7b5991f5-e83e-45ec-b347-7591ba168898 | Not true about somnambulism among the following is | Low level motor skill/function is present | Sleep walking | Disorder of sleep arousal | Patient consciousness is not preserved | 0a | multi | * Somnambulism is an arousal parasomnia consisting of a series of complex behaviours that result in large movements in bed or walking during sleep. * Also called sleep walking, in this condition individual arises from bed and ambulates without fully awakening. * Individuals can engage in a variety of complex behaviours... | Psychiatry | Sleep disorders and eating disorders |
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