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135
e9ea3745-05f0-4c49-a401-13f1b6007dd0
All are features of somatization disorder except -
Frequently changing pain sites
Sexual symptoms
Paresthesia
Professional patients
3d
multi
Professional patient refers to Munchausen syndrome (factitious disorder).
Psychiatry
null
68c8cd1c-2611-4392-8079-3e1100cc711a
Most common site for Osteomyelitis:
Epiphysis
Metaphysis
Diaphysis
Sub-chondral growth plate
1b
single
Ans. (b) MetaphysisRef.: Maheshwari 5th ed. 1168* Hematogenous osteomyelitis is an infection caused by bacterial seeding from the blood.* Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis is characterized by an acute infection of the bone caused by the seeding of the bacteria within the bone from a remote source. This condition primari...
Orthopaedics
Osteomyelitis
f01146bf-ec9c-4ec9-a726-1a31f8bb3263
Release ferroportin store is controlled by?
Hepsidin
Transferrin
Ferritin
Hepoxin
0a
single
Ans. (a) Hepsidin(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 649; 8th/pg 659)Ferroportin which regulates the Iron release from tissue store house is regulated by hepsidin hormone released by liver.
Pathology
Misc. (R.B.C)
9a1916e3-99ff-4096-8450-753ca328fd6f
Which protease inhibitor has boosting effect?
Amprenavir
Tenovir
Nelfinavir
Ritonavir
3d
single
Retroviral protease Inhibitors (Pis): An aspaic protease enzyme encoded by HIV is involved in the production of structural proteins and enzymes (including reverse transcriptase) of the virus. The large viral polyprotein is broken into various functional components by this enzyme. This protease acts at a late step in HI...
Pharmacology
Chemotherapy
42d1ea77-4290-49d9-90f3-c668b5101688
If a person has visual acuity 6/6. At what distance will he/she be able to read 6/24 lines
6 metres
24 metres
36 metres
48 metres
1b
single
Answer- B. 24 metresVisual acuity 616 means that a Person with normal visual acutiy can read the smallest line at a distance of 6 meters.Visual acdty 6124 means that this person can read paicular letters/lines at a distance of 6 meters which a person with normal visual acuity can read from a distance of 24 mm.
Ophthalmology
null
269fb798-5b06-4848-a527-ee75f8f4aa06
Which of the following is not a function of gut flora
Protection against parenteral infections
Synthesis of vitamin K
Decreased proliferation of epithelial cells
Fermentation of mucin
2c
single
If the intestinal microbes are eliminated, the intestinal contents become voluminous, the caecum is dilated and the intestine remains thinly walled. Historically, in germ-free animals, the villi are shoer, epithelial cell turnover is reduced and gut-associated lymphoid tissue is atrophic. From a functional point of vie...
Physiology
G.I.T
4bfb0267-bfbe-4953-b2e5-82e7b5f3fb5b
A well Differenciated follicular carcinoma of thyroid can be best Differentiated from a Follicular Adenoma by
Huhle cell change
Lining of tall columnar and cuboidal cells
Vascular invasion
Nuclear features
2c
multi
FNAC is is of limited value in the preoperative diagnosis of follicular thyroid cancer. Diagnosis of follicular thyroid cancer requires demonstration of cellular invasion of the capsule or vascular or lymphatic channels. Source : Sabiston 20th edition Pg : 905
Surgery
Endocrinology and breast
19703614-adc5-4a98-92f9-065da2f0f15b
True regarding Monteggia fracture is:
Upper ulnar fracture & dislocated radial head
Upper radial fracture & dislocated ulna
Lower radial fracture & dislocated ulna
Lower ulnar fracture & dislocated radius
0a
multi
: Upper ulnar fracture & dislocated radial head Monteggia fracture-dislocations are classified by the Bado system Bado type I injuries are characterized by a proximal ulnar fracture with anterior dislocation of the radial head. This is due to a forceful pronation injury of the forearm and is the most common type. Bado ...
Orthopaedics
All India exam
0d1b7cf3-a9d7-41b8-9d3e-02c779855560
Vasoconstrictor anong these ?
NO
PGI2
Angiotensin-II
ANP
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Angiotensin-IIImpoant chemical regulator of CVS are :Vasoconstrictors : Noradrenaline, Adrenaline, ADH (vasopressin), angiotension II, Endothelins, PGF2, thromboxane A2.Vasodilators : Kinins (Bradykinin, lysyl-bradykinin), PGE,, PGL (prostacyclin), VIP, ANP, Nitric oxide (NO)
Pathology
null
d1ea3ca3-fc30-4991-80fa-91cbfe3c4c7a
Most common cause of Foley catheter induced UTI
E. coli
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas
Staphylococci
0a
single
Ans. (a) E. coliRef Bailey and Love 26th Edition, Page 276* Urinary infection is the most commonly associated infection in postoperative period* Most common organism isolated in catheter related Infections: E. coli
Surgery
Urethra & Penis
a87d6592-2063-49e1-bbbc-dea8027ccb50
A 22-year-old woman experiences a sudden onset of severe lower abdominal pain. Physical examination shows no masses, but there is severe tenderness in the right lower quadrant. A pelvic examination shows no lesions of the cervix or vagina. Bowel sounds are detected. An abdominal ultrasound scan shows a 4-cm focal enlar...
Cervical culture positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Detection of human chorionic gonadotropin in serum
69, XXY karyotype on decidual tissue cells
Pap smear showing pseudo hyphae of Candida
1b
multi
Conditions predisposing to ectopic pregnancy include chronic salpingitis (which may be caused by gonorrhea, but a culture would be positive only with acute infection), intrauterine tumors, and endometriosis. In about half of the cases, there is no identifiable cause. Gestational trophoblastic disease associated with a ...
Pathology
Female Genital Tract
3b2982df-d351-4c30-b91f-0c5667923076
Most of the neurons in the Autonomic Nervous System are
Cholinergic
Adrenergic
Noradrenergic
Dopaminergic
0a
single
Ans: a (cholinergic) Ref: Ganong 22nd ed/ p.226Most of the neurons in ANS are cholinergic.Autonomic Nervous System:Parasympathetic preganglionic fibres have a long course.Parasympathetic postganglionic fibres have a short course. This is because the parasympathetic ganglions are located near the tissues it supplies.Eac...
Physiology
Nervous System
cbf77acb-a5ae-4e8a-a424-371eec5c1961
One of the following is not true of International classification of Disease
It is revised once in 10 years
It was devised by UNICEF
The 10th revision consists of 21 major chapters
It is accepted for National and International use
1b
multi
ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) Medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO); Revised every 10years Consists of 21chapters The ICD-10 consists of: Tabular lists containing cause-of-death titles and codes (Vol...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Concept of health and disease
4385f9d2-ff17-4069-9b23-d7ad3adad915
Expressed breast milk can be stored at room temperature for how many hoursRpt question need to be changed
4
8
16
24
1b
single
EXPRESSED BREAST MILK (EBM) STORAGEDURATIONRoom temperature6-8 hoursRefrigerator(4 C)24 hoursFreezer compament(-15 C)2 weeksDeep freezer (-18 C)3-6 months
Pediatrics
All India exam
34e4a300-09b2-463c-91c6-8bb18c412698
Autoimmune haemolytic anemia is a feature of?
ALL
CML
Burkett's Lymphoma
Lymphoma
3d
multi
Causes of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias Idiopathic (50%) Drugs - Methyl dopa; CLL, Lymphomas M. Pneumoniae infection. IMN, SLE and other connective tissue disorders.
Unknown
null
0fa489b4-a12e-40be-a0b6-0a5bf19f076c
A patient with oral cancer, had ipsilateral lymph node measuring 2 cm, single in number with capsular spread. According to TNM staging it is included under:
Nx
N1
N2
N3
3d
single
Nx: Nodal status can't be assessed. No: No lymph nodes. N1: Single ipsilateral lymph node <3 cm N2: A: Single ipsilater lymph 3.6 cm B: Multiple ipsilater lymph <6 cm C: Bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes <6 cm. N3: Any lymph node with >6 cm, or Any lymph node with capsular invasion.
Surgery
null
2d0e223f-ecf4-4948-8045-4ce507b28793
Tinea unguium effects –
Nail fold
Nail plate
Joints
Inter digital space
1b
single
Tinea unguium starts either from distal edge of nail plate or from base of nail. It slowly involves the entire nail plate.
Dental
null
66e4d56b-257d-4708-a3c8-58b1ab635caa
Feature of aging periodontium is
Lacunae in bone and cementum
Increased cell size
Increased cell number
Scalloping of cementum & alveolar bone surface
3d
multi
null
Dental
null
feeffea3-16aa-4451-a464-622307125a4f
Regarding severe combined immunodeficiency disease ,which of the following statement is true
Adenosine deaminase deficiency
Decreased circulating lymphocytes
NADPH oxidase deficiency
C1 esterase deficiency
0a
multi
Ref Robbins 8/e p234;9/e p239 SCID represent a constellation of genetically distinct syndrome, all having in common defect in both humoral and cell mediated immune response
Anatomy
General anatomy
9ba348e1-553b-4d8a-984a-ad03e04bfe78
In nasal endoscopy Eustachian tube is examined at?
1st pass
2nd pass
3rd pass
4th pass
0a
single
Ans. is'a'i.e., 1st passNasal endoscopy is done in three passes :-First Pass: Examination of nasal cavity, nasopharynx, opening of eustachian tube, walls of nasopharynx, upper surface of soft palate and uvula, opening of eustachian tube of opposite side opening of nasolacrimal duct and inferior meatus.
ENT
null
ead6fe56-07de-4eca-9a64-a10320f1a750
Multifocal tumor of vascular origin in a patient of AIDS -
Kaposi sarcoma
Astrocytoma
Gastric Carcinoma
Primary CNS lymphoma
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Kaposi sarcoma Neoplastic disease in AIDS . Kaposi sarcoma (most common tumor) . Non Hodgkin lymphoma - Immunoblastic lymphoma (most common lymphoma) - Primary CNS lymphoma (associated with EBV) - Burkitt's lymphoma . Other less common neoplasm are - Hodgkin's disease - Leukemia - Cervical Ca - Brain ...
Microbiology
null
ddbac0ae-a957-4e45-881d-250d23b3c2ac
Urethral and bladder neck supports include all except
Pubourethral Ligaments
Arcus tendineus fascia
Levator ani muscles
Uterosacral Ligament
3d
multi
Supports of Bladder neck Pubourethral Ligaments Arcus tendineus fascia Levator ani muscles Vagina and its lateral fascial condensations.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
3bfc573d-5493-47a5-9329-f16f7198e4b7
The height of a child is double the bih height at the age of-
1 year
2 years
3 years
4 years
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., 4 years o An infant usually doubles his bih height by the age of 41/2 years Age Bih 3 months 9 months 1 year 2 years 41/2 years Height 50 cm 60 cm 70 cm 75 cm 90 cm 100 cm
Pediatrics
null
6b97edfe-91c2-4519-98f5-3f0ecf23458e
The most common causative organism for lobar pneumonia is :
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pyogenes
Streptococcus pheumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
2c
single
Answer is C (Stretptococcus pneumonia): 'Streptococcus pneumonia or pneumococcus is the most common cause of community acquired acute pneumonia -Robbins 7th/748 Lobar pneumonia refers to an acute bacterial infection that results in consolidation of a large poion of a lobe or an entire lobe. Streptococcus pneumonia prod...
Medicine
null
f1566f4b-b795-431a-98f9-3b397e063415
Familial Renal Cell carcinoma is associated with:
Turners syndrome
Alpos syndrome
Peutz-jeghers syndrome
Von Hippel Lindau syndrome
3d
single
Von Hippel Lindau syndrome
Pathology
null
e49da6bd-f2e8-4581-a858-2d214da01da9
Posterior staphyloma is most commonly seen in: March 2012
Perforating injuries of the peripheral cornea
Developmental glaucoma
Sloughing corneal ulcer
Degenerative myopia
3d
single
Ans: D i.e. Degenerative myopia Staphyloma & causes The usual causes of intercalary staphyloma are perforating injuries of the peripheral cornea, marginal corneal ulcer, anterior scleritis etc. Developmental glaucoma, end stage primary or secondary glaucoma, scleritis & trauma to the ciliary region of the eye are some ...
Ophthalmology
null
cc95288d-54de-4886-8bfa-101e9c45ae8b
Unna boot is used for treatment of
Diabetic foot ulcer
Varicose ulcers
Ankle instability
Calcaneum fracture
1b
single
Answer- B. Varicose ulcersIt is named for the dermatologist Paul Gerson Unna.This boot can be used to treat uninfected nonnecrotic leg and foot ulcers that result from such conditions as venous insuftciency (varicose ulcers) and stasis dermatitis.
Surgery
null
fb55532a-5cfa-4979-835c-9f31d70ea4c7
Which of the following is not a step of b-oxidation?
NADP dependent oxidation
FAD dependent oxidation
Thiolysis
Hydration
0a
multi
4 repetitive steps of fatty acid oxidation : 1. FAD dependent oxidation 2. Hydration 3. NAD dependent oxidation 4. Thiolysis It is NAD dependent oxidation, not NADP dependent
Biochemistry
Beta oxidation of fatty acids
cc71e0e7-2fa5-419b-83bd-13328c6270d5
Reticulocytes are stained with
Methyl violet
Brilliant Cresyl blue
Sudan black
Indigo carmine
1b
single
Reticulocytes are stained in living state in vitro so staining with dyes like brilliant cresyl blue and new methylene blue is referred to as supravital staining.
Pathology
null
e3fa1ebf-55d1-4705-91de-e2a3dcfb96b1
Which is NOT TRUE with regards to antibiotic resistance in bacteria?
Most common mechanism is production of antibiotic destroying enzymes
Lack of target binding site may be mechanism of resistance in some enterococci against vancomycin
Plasmid mediated resistance is transmitted only veically
Target binding shifting is the mechanism in some pneumococci
2c
multi
Plasmid mediated resistance can be transmitted both horizontally and veically. Routes of horizontal transfer of plasmid mediated resistance are conjugation, transduction and transformation. 3 main mechanisms of drug resistance: Production of beta lactamases: Most common mechanism of penicillin resistance in both gram +...
Microbiology
null
0386062e-599e-43fa-89b6-89046b74be56
Changes in blood passing through the systemic capillaries are all except
Increase in hemotocrit
pH decreases
Shift of oxygen dissociation curve to the left
Increase in protein content
2c
multi
In systemic capillaries pO2<CO2The decrease in O2 affinity of hemoglobin when the pH of blood falls is called the Bohr effect and is closely related to the fact that deoxygenated hemoglobin which occure in systemic capillaries. The pH of blood falls as its CO2 content increases, so that when the PCO2 rises, the curve s...
Physiology
Cardiovascular system
e7f6536b-8882-4acf-8f6c-1b7b4e3ef3a2
Aspergillus causes all except:
Bronchopulmonary allergy
Otomycosis
Dermatophytosis
Keratitis
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Dermatophytosis(Ref: Harrison, 18th/e, p. 1655, 16561)* Dermatophytosis is caused by dermatophytes and Aspergillus is not a dermatophyte. Other options are correct.
Microbiology
Mycology
5771fc3c-6963-4f48-b66d-422b7607224c
Which cranial nerve's fibers are myelinated by oligodendrocytes?
I
II
III
VII
1b
single
The fibers of the optic nerve (CN II) are myelinated by oligodendrocytes. This is an impoant distinction from the Other cranial nerves ( myelinated by Schwann cells) because the optic nerve is considered a tract of the central nervous system
Anatomy
Brainstem, cerebellum and ventricles
c9e81c2d-ec7d-400e-a721-f77997d6df7d
The antihypeensive which cause decrease libido and impoance is
Atenolol
Enalapril
Prazosin
Diltiazem
0a
single
Diabetics have a maximum risk of causing sexual dysfunction followed by beta blockers Atenolol ,metaprolol and Carvedilol have high risk whereas nevibolol has maximum risk of erectile dysfunction ACE inhibitors decrease the risk Refer kDT 6/e p139
Pharmacology
Cardiovascular system
9928c0ed-b40f-47ba-b6ec-011ac05ccaa8
Which cranial nerve passes through diaphragm?
6
7
8
10
3d
single
null
Anatomy
null
f6ab608e-5b4d-4347-883e-b1c5652e9977
Mesosomes in bacteria are the functional unit for -
Lipid storage
Protein synthesis
Respiratory enzymes
None
2c
multi
Mesosomes (chondroid)  Mesosomes are formed by invagination of plasma membrane into the cytoplasm. They are more prominent in gram-positive bacteria. They are the principal sites of respiratory enzymes in bacteria and are analogous to mitochondria of eukaryotes. They coordinate nuclear and cytoplasmic division during ...
Microbiology
null
b86707d7-0465-4762-8b9a-18f3e60506d9
All of the following are true about vagina except
Direction of vagina is parallel to plane of brim of true pelvis.
Posterior wall is 11.5 cm and anterior wall is 9 cm long
Vaginal mucosa is lined by keratinized squamous epithelium
No glands open into vagina
2c
multi
Vaginal mucosa is lined by non-keratinized squamous epithelium.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
1cd11a50-c962-4559-a968-9bd10e6d5685
USG is/are based on:
Piezoelectric effect
Diamagnetic effect
Paramagnetic effect
Ferromagnetic effect
0a
single
Ans. A. Piezoelectric effectUltrasonography:Ultrasonic image(sonographic/echographic) is based on mechanical oscillations of the crystal excited by electrical pulses (Piezoelectric effect).
Radiology
null
081090f4-fa5f-4ac5-becf-5f8ceea2ef94
Which one of the following is not a symptom of atherosclerotic occlusive disease at the bifurcation of aoa (Leriche syndrome)?
Claudication of the buttock and thigh
Claudication of the calf
Sexual impotence
Gangrene localized to the feet
3d
single
. Ans : (d) Gangrene localised to feet In chronic atherosclerotic occlusive disease usually it is confined to distal abdominal aoa below the renal aeries. Frequently extends to iliac aeries . Claudication characteristically involves buttocks , thighs and calves & may associated with impotence in males (Leriche syndrome...
Surgery
Vascular surgery
526e053c-7084-4fe9-a687-16050cded94b
A 30-year old male presents with severe pain chest, breathlessness, hypotension and ECG shows ST elevation in V3, V4, V5 and V6 leads. He will be best treated with :
Streptokinase
t-PA
Heparin
PTCA
3d
single
null
Medicine
null
97b025c6-5b15-4fe1-b9a1-7d313599ec4e
Prolonged postoperative ileus is best treated by?
Long tube inseion
Calcium pantothenate
Laparotomy and exploration
Peristaltic stimulants
2c
single
Most patients developed transient ileus after a major abdominal operation. Most of these resolve within 3 to 5 days. Condition like extensive operative manipulation, major small bowel injury, heavy narcotic use, intra abdominal infection and pancreatitis- can prolong the ileum to 5 to 7 days. Ileus prolonged beyond thi...
Surgery
null
875e04dc-6256-4e06-8600-90ef2fcbc089
A 4-year baby is having a large face, large jaw, large ear and macroorchidism is –
Mc Cuneal bright syndrome
Down's syndrome
Cri–du chat syndrome
Fragile X syndrome
3d
single
Fragile X syndrome Fragile X syndrome is the prototype of diseases in which the mutation is characterized by a long repeating sequence of three nucleotides. Normally, a codon is triplet (trinucleotide). In these type of disorders, this trinucleotide sequence undergoes amplification and the same sequence is repeated ma...
Pediatrics
null
d50d9b86-91c1-44d2-b449-037fe3b516e7
In which of the following procedures sperms are aspirated from the testes?
ZIFT
GIFT
TESA
MESA
2c
single
Aspiration of sperms from testes is done in Testicular sperm aspiration(TESA). In this technique, an aspiration needle is inseed percutaneously to the testis parenchyma to aspirate fluid or small pieces of seminiferous tubules to obtain sperm. Ref: Feility Cryopreservation By Ri-Cheng Chian, Page 52-3; Feility Preserva...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
6cb855d6-ba78-48c7-97a5-29f7b4786ac8
Female presents with history of color change from pallor to cyanosis on exposure to cold in fingers. This condition is mostly associated with ?
Scleroderma
Leukemia
Lung infections
Hepatosplenomegaly
0a
multi
History of color change from pallor to cynosis on cold exposure suggests raynaud's phenomenon. Raynaud's phenomenon is the most common and earliest manifestation of generalized scleroderma (systemic sclerosis).
Dental
null
b077e31d-1870-4d92-ba5e-ce82e565703e
A 5 year old boy presents with leukocoria in the right eye which is diagnosed as diffuse retinoblastoma involving the entire globe. Examination of the left eye revealed a small 2-3mm tumor in the periphery. What will be the ideal management of this patient?
Enucleation of both eyes
Enucleation of right eye and observation for left eye
Enucleation of right eye and focal therapy of the left eye
Six cycles of Chemotherapy
2c
multi
Enucleation remains the treatment of choice for significantly advanced tumors and for tumors with no potential for visual salvage. Focal therapy is used for small tumors usually in patients with bilateral disease and in combination with chemotherapy. Ref: Ophthalmic Oncology - Page 195; Cancer in Children and Adolescen...
Ophthalmology
null
bffa774d-6d8d-4591-9128-462d3ee935cd
Prolonged thumb sucking directly results in all of the following except:
Deep overbite
Proclination of upper centrals
Anterior open bite
Constriction of maxilla
0a
multi
Effects on Maxilla Proclination of maxillary incisors. Increased arch length. Increased anterior placement of apical base of maxilla. Increase in SNA angle. Increased clinical crown length of maxillary incisors. Increased counter-clockwise rotation of occlusal plane. Decreased width of palate.  Atypical root resorptio...
Dental
null
99c69805-a622-46bc-9916-cf1ff4a71631
A patient is brought to the emergency as a case of head injury, following a head on collision road traffic accident. Patient is unconscious and his right pupil is dilated. CT scan is not available. Whats the next step in management
Cranlotomy left side
Craiotomy right side
Burrhole left side
Burrhole right side
3d
multi
Burrhole should be made at the side of dilated pupil.
Surgery
null
38ec1aac-851f-484d-84fa-31e8f7d6ffdb
What is the probable genetic defect in this child with recurrent infections, tetany, oral candidiasis & a hea murmur?
21q deletion
21p deletion
22q deletion
22p deletion
2c
single
Digeorge syndrome: Caused by 22q deletion C- Cardiac anomaly A- Abnormal facies (hypeelorism, antimongoloid slant, sho philtrum, mandibular hypoplasia. T- Thymic hypoplasia C- Cleft palate H- Hypocalcemia
Pediatrics
Primary Immunodeficiency
21597709-3c1f-414d-b7b6-6a2945f49574
Cell cycle specific anti-cancerous drug is?
Cyclophosphamide
Vincristine
Nitrogen mustard
Doxorubicin.
1b
single
Ans. b (Vincristine). (Ref. Harrison Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th ed., 469 Fig. 70.3)CYCLE SPECIFIC ANTICANCEROUS DRUGSS-Phase specific drugsM-Phase specific drugsG,Phase specific drugsHydroxyurea,Methotrexate,Dactinomycin,Cytarabine,5-FU,MercaptopurineThiogauanine,ColchicinesVinca alkaloids and taxols (e.g., ...
Pharmacology
Anti-Cancer
7ff98768-e8f8-409e-b22f-45698d43263e
All are contents of cubital fossa except
Median nerve
Biceps tendon
Brachial aery
Ulnar nerve
3d
multi
Contents of the cubital fossa: Mnemonic: from medial to lateral:MBBR Median nerve Brachial aery Tendon of Biceps Radial nerve. REF:B D Chaurasia 7th edition Page no: 98.
Anatomy
Upper limb
77faa3e8-5a5c-4ec0-8b11-e23838a6150f
Tautomerization
Shift of hydrogen
Shift of carbon
Shift of both
None of these
0a
multi
Tautomerization or enolization The process of shifting a hydrogen atom from one carbon atom to another to produce enediols is known as tautomerization. Sugars possessing anomeric carbon atom undergo tautomerization in alkaline solutions. When glucose is kept in alkaline solution for several hours, it undergoes isomeriz...
Biochemistry
Metabolism of carbohydrate
bad53b1d-8502-4e62-b646-16224d10470c
Commonest cause of fungal uveitis is:
Candida
Aspergillus
Fusarium
Mucor mycosis
0a
single
Ans. Candida
Ophthalmology
null
8dc1d945-42ef-4453-a330-bf835737c711
Barrets esophagus is commonly associated with one of the following:
Adenocarcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Sarcoma
Gastrointenstinal stromal tumor
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e. Adenocarcinoma Barret's esophagus is the single most important risk factor for adenocarcinoma of esophagus.Barret's esophagus is metaplastic change of distal esophageal mucosa from normal squamous epithelium to columnar epithelium, in response to chronic gastro-esophageal reflux.The junction between sq...
Surgery
Esophageal Diseases - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Carcinoma
09139cc0-c0f0-46e2-9643-e2a62ff073cf
A patient presented with Aldrich-Mee's lines which are characteristic of which heavy metal poisoning?
Lead
Mercury
Arsenic
Copper
2c
single
Aldrich-Mee's lines: Hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles with irregular thickening of the nails and development of bands of opacity in the fingernails. It is seen in prolonged contact of Arsenic. Ref: The essentials of forensic medicine and toxicology by Narayan Reddy, 27th edition, Page 475
Forensic Medicine
null
c57ec386-bcdb-4f25-9900-8d69848075b1
Lucid interval is a characteristic pathognomonic feature of\
Extradural haemorrhage
Intracerebral haemorrhage
Tumour in the frontal lobe
Intracerebral abscess
0a
single
(A) Extradural haemorrhage # Extradural haemorrhage.> It is a period in which person is liable for acts> Lucid interval is a period occurring in insanity, during which all the symptoms of insanity disappear completely. The individual is able to judge his acts soundly and he becomes liable for his acts.> If he commits a...
Surgery
Miscellaneous
288ea92a-0aa0-4a10-a572-2c6bc6be09b4
Placement of a double lumen tube for lung surgery is best confirmed by -
EtC02
Airway pressure measurement
Clinically by auscultation
Bronchoscopy
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Bronchoscopy * During thoracic surgery, there is a need for one lung to be deflated and or isolated.This offers the surgeon easier and better access within the designated hemothorax.In order to achieve these double-lumen endobronchial tubes are used that allow the anesthetist to selectively deflate on...
Unknown
null
b29fdee7-9c7c-422b-b429-8fbe5bb03abf
Which of the following microorganism is incriminated in infection after hemodialysis
Gram positive organisms
Chlamydia
Gram negative
Anaerobes
0a
single
Hemo-dialysis catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) are a major complication of long-term catheter us in HD. Gram positive organism are seen followed by gram negative organisms. Similarly in peritoneal dialysis, the clinical presentation typically consists of pain and cloudy dialysate, often with fever and o...
Medicine
null
87cf1ed7-6ba4-4171-95e6-5672aa626244
Causes of soft S1 include:
Long standing severe MS
Obesity
Mitral Regurgitation
All of the above
3d
multi
Answer is D (All of the above) Long standing severe M.S. (calcified mitral valve), obesity, mitral regurgitation and pleural effusions are all established causes of soft S1.
Medicine
null
c8b54767-4932-4cde-a4c1-839470d899e1
Myasthenia gravis is which type of hypersensitivity-
Type I
Type II
Type III
Type IV
1b
single
In mystenia grevis antibodies are directed against Ach Receptors so this a type 2 hypersensitivity reaction. 1. Type II cytotoxic reaction is mediated by antibodies directed against antigens on the cell membrane that activates complement thereby causing antibody-mediated destruction of cells. The cell membrane is damag...
Microbiology
Immunology Pa 1 (Immune Response, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Hypersensitivity, Structure of Immune System, Immunodeficiency Disorders)
f92e6758-1089-4383-94fd-7a24e079828d
Which of the following is the drug of choice for long-term management of panic disorder?
Phenothiazine
Azapirone
Beta blocker
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
3d
single
SSRIs are the drugs of choice for long-term management of panic disorder Benzodiazepines are DOC for acute panic attacks
Pharmacology
Psychiatric Illness
bb14ea81-ba6d-4f73-9951-0542c52573e9
Bone tumor arising from epiphyses is
Osteogenic sarcoma
Ewings sarcoma
Giant cell tumor
Chondromyxoid fibroma
3d
single
Giant cell tumor refer Robbins page no 1233 Pathogenesis. Current evidence suggests that the neoplas- tic cells of giant cell tumor are primitive osteoblast precur- sors but they represent only a minority of the tumor cells. The bulk of the tumor consists of non-neoplastic osteoclasts and their precursors. The neoplast...
Anatomy
Musculoskeletal system
85ce9035-42d5-411d-86b1-f06f45e66783
Which of the following is not true about the autistic specific disorder
Impaired communication
Impaired imagination
Language developmental delay
Vision problems
3d
multi
Core symptoms of Autism are 1. Persistent deficts in social communication and interaction, 2. Restricted, repititive patterns of behaviour, interests and activities, 3. Associated physical characteristics. Associated behavioural symptoms include- Disturbance in language development and usage, Intellectual disability, I...
Psychiatry
Child psychiatry
3fab9c1e-18ee-47c8-9f55-1d70ef29b28f
Which of the following agents is used for day care surgery
Propofol
Thiopentone
Diazepam
Ketamine
0a
single
Refer Katzung 12th/440 Propofol is drug of choice for day care surgery
Pharmacology
Anesthesia
33fbdee5-585d-42f9-9e9a-6478cb853b32
A 30-year-old male, Kallu, with a history of sexual exposure comes with a painless indurated ulcer over the penis with everted margins. The diagnosis is
Syphilis
Chancroid
Lymphogranuloma venerum
Granuloma inguinale
0a
multi
null
Medicine
null
c9ba70ff-be70-42dd-8f9f-4f5d6bcaf262
Phenobarbitone inhibits which complex of ETC?
Complex I
Complex II
Complex III
Complex IV
0a
single
Ans. A. Complex I(Ref: Harper 31/e page 123)Inhibitors of ETC at Complex I1. An insecticide and a fish Poison Rotenone2. Amobarbital which is a barbiturate.3. Piericidin
Biochemistry
Respiratory Chain
d110b23f-9c42-4423-8a3c-90fa68619168
Which of the following antitubercular drugs are associated with hypothyroidism?
Ethionamide
Streptomycin
PZA
Rifampicin
0a
single
Ethionamide is thought to prevent organification of iodine in thyroid hormone synthesis, as it is structurally related to other thionamides (propylthiouracil and methimazole). So, it can lead to hypothyroidism.
Pharmacology
null
e3ed0c08-92f2-4fe8-8888-2555f46e925f
Osgood Shattiler disease -
Involve the knee joint
Pelvis
Wrist joint
Cervical spine
0a
single
Osgood-shaltter disease is osteochondritis of tibial tuberosity (just below the knee joint).
Orthopaedics
null
9ccdd51f-4c0d-4e05-9ad4-8f2c6fc0a12f
For deted nasal septum, surgery is required for:
Septal spur with epistaxis
Marked septal detion
Persistent rhinorrhea
All
3d
multi
Indications for Surgery in DNS Persistent unilateral nasal obstruction and recurrent headaches Detion causing recurrent sinusitis or otitis media Recurrent epistaxis from septal spur Access for operation in polypectomy with DNS As a pa of septorhinoplasty for cosmetic correction of external nasal deformities. As a appr...
ENT
null
9c8f1674-1416-4b53-86a1-6219e75240c1
In a given population, total bihs in a year are 4050. There are 50 still bihs. 50 neonates die within first 7 days of life whereas the number of deaths within 8-28 days of life is 150. What is the Neonatal moality rate in the population?
12.5
50
49.4
62.5
1b
single
In the given question, Total neonatal deaths = Total early neonatal deaths + Total late neonatal deaths = 50 + 150 = 200 Total live bihs = Total bihs - Total stillbihs = 4050 - 50 = 4000 NMR= Neonatal death/Live bihs*1000 Thus, Neonatal moality rate, NMR = 200/4000 X 1000 = 50 per 1000 live bihs.
Social & Preventive Medicine
Obstetric Care in RCH: Visits, IFA, TT, MCH Indicators
e4fd9dc3-9462-4736-9ec5-c58ed6da8daa
Protein requirement of an adult is
0.7 gm/kg in terms of Egg protein & 0.7 gm/kg in terms of mixed vegetable protein
1.0 gm/kg in terms of Egg protein & 1.0 gm/kg in terms of mixed vegetable protein
0.7 gm/kg in terms of Egg protein & 1.0 gm/kg in terms of mixed vegetable protein
1.0 gm/kg in terms of Egg protein & 0.7 gm/kg in terms of mixed vegetable protein
2c
single
Protein requirement of an adult: 0.7 gm/kg/day in terms of Egg protein or 1.0 gm/kg/day in terms of mixed vegetable protein (NEW GUIDELINE: 0.83 g/kg/d) Egg protein has the highest NPU of 96. Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has recommended 1.0 gm protein per kg of body weight for an Indian adult, assuming a...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
2c4742d3-476f-434f-9a9d-a128735bacd1
Lack of insight is not a feature of :
Panic disorder
Schizophrenia
Mania
Reactive Psychosis
0a
single
A i.e. Panic disorder
Psychiatry
null
b0fb5f76-d043-45f3-b20f-9ce5742fff7c
Stye is suppurative inflammation of glands of ?
Zeis
Meibonian
Wolfring
All the above
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Zeis
Ophthalmology
null
2c88fd28-82ed-4caf-88a6-b5fd04a77b6c
Incubation period of syphilis is: September 2006
10-14 days
30-60 days
9-90 days
3-6 months
2c
single
Ans. C: 9-90 days Acquired syphilis: - Primary syphilis: incubation period 2-3 weeks (range 9-90 days): local infection - Secondary syphilis: incubation period 6-12 weeks (range 1-6 months): generalised infection - Early latent syphilis: asymptomatic syphilis of less than 2 years duration - Late latent syphilis: asympt...
Skin
null
028eb157-8e5f-4fa9-ab20-d114d6a39bbb
A 27-year-old G1P0 female at 36 weeks gestation presents to her obstetrician with a 3-day history of abrupt onset of extremely pruritic and urticarial papules and blisters on the abdomen and trunk. She states that the itching has worsened such that it is interfering with her everyday life.
Herpes zoster
Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
Herpes gestationis
3d
single
Ans- D Erythematous urticarial patches and plaques (classically periumbilical) that progress to tense vesicles and blisters in a pregnant woman is herpes gestationis (also known as pemphigoid gestationis). There is no association to the husband's URI. Herpes gestationis is a pruritic blistering dermatologic disorder un...
Unknown
null
ade663f7-b194-4dcf-a545-54e0bc0b24ec
Nucleus pulposis is derived from ?
Neural crest
Notochord
Sclerotome
None of the above
1b
multi
The nucleus pulposus is the sole remnant of the embryonic notochord, the initial longitudinal skeletal axis of the body. The developing bodies and interveebral discs of the veebral column replace the notochord. NOTOCHORD: The notochordal plate becomes the centrally placed notochord, which acts as a foundation around wh...
Anatomy
null
9e36f14c-c95f-49c0-bd24-9e121a13f153
Oral Factor Xa Inhibitor is
Dabigatran etexilate
Fondaparinux
Bivalirudin
Rivaroxaban
3d
single
Factor Xa inhibitors * Oral Direct Factor Xa (Stua-Prower factor) Inhibitors are Rivaroxaban, Apixaban, Betrixaban and Edoxaban * Rivaroxaban inhibits free and clot associated Factor Xa AE reducing !rombin generation AE suppressing Platelet aggregation and Fibrin formation. * Other options: * Dabigatran etexilate is an...
Pharmacology
Hematology
ffa601b1-ab92-4780-b3dc-d1c93143d7ed
Death due to cyanide poisoning results from which of the following types of anoxia?
Anoxic anoxia
Anaemic anoxia
Stagnant anoxia
Histotoxic anoxia
3d
single
Ans. D. Histotoxic anoxiaHypoxia or Anoxia O2 deficiency at the tissue level Type:a. Hypoxic Hypoxia (anoxic anoxic)i. PO2 of arterial bloodii. Chemoreceptor stimulatedb. Anaemic Hypoxiai. Arterial PO2 is normal but amount of Hb available to carry O2 is reducedii. Chemoreceptors are not stimulated, since dissolved O2 i...
Physiology
Respiratory System
e9d2479e-dfdd-400f-acc5-0abdb0e3476d
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is NOT associated with
Repetitive behavior
Thought insertion
Anxiety
Paranoid behavior
1b
single
(B) Thought insertion # THOUGHT INSERTION is more commonly associated with shizophrenia.> OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER (OCD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts that produce uneasiness, apprehension, fear or worry (obsessions), repetitive behaviors aimed at reducing the associated anxiety (compu...
Psychiatry
Miscellaneous
b5efd00f-878a-47d4-b56c-be839eb1025c
All are seen in cirrhosis of liver except
Enlargement of testis
Gynaecomastia
Absence of pubic and facial hair
Loss of libido
0a
multi
(A) (Enlargement of testes) (943- Davidson 22nd)Clnical features of hepatic cirrhosis* Hepatomegaly (although liver may also be small)* Jaundice* Ascites* Circulatory changes spider telangiectasia, palmar erythema, cyanosis* Endocrine changes; loss of libido, hair lossMen; gynaecomastia, testicular atrophy, impotenceWo...
Medicine
G.I.T.
2f171692-0eb8-4c10-8584-0eea03c17ee3
Angle formed between mandibular plane and the long axis of mandibular central incisor is:
90° ± 5°
25°
120°
80°± 2°
0a
single
null
Dental
null
a1f3d457-ccc2-4b5a-9be8-edfca004add2
The Hb-O2 dissociation curve is shifted to left by
Metabolic acidosis
Increased temperature
Increased PCO2
Decreased 2, 3 DPG
3d
single
2,3-BPG is very plentiful in red cells. It is formed from 3phosphoglyceraldehyde, which is a product of glycolysis the Embden-Meyerhof pathway (Figure 36-4). It is a highly charged anion that binds to the bchains of deoxyhemoglobin. One mole of deoxyhemoglobin binds 1 mol of 2,3-BPG. In effectHbO2 + 2,3-BPG =Hb - 2,3-B...
Physiology
Cardiovascular system
c9da7744-614b-47e7-a334-412c6837f06c
Most serious adverse effect of ketoconazole is:
Adrenal insufficiency
Pellagra like skin lesion
Liver injury
Prostate cancer
0a
single
Ketoconazole (KTZ): It is the first orally effective broad-spectrum antifungal drug, useful in both dermatophytosis and deep myc osis. The oral absorption of KTZ is facilitated by gastric acidity because it is more soluble at lower pH. Hepatic metabolism is extensive; metabolites are excreted in urine and faeces. Elimi...
Pharmacology
Chemotherapy
0334a920-2530-482f-979e-ebbae4891c85
While playing cricket, a child broke his distal end of radius. He was put on POP. Which of the following is the late complication of Colles fracture?
Stiffness of wrist joint
Ulnar nerve palsy
Median nerve palsy
None of the above
0a
multi
Early complications of Colles fracture include, Median nerve compression Tendon damage Ulnar nerve contusion or compression Compament syndrome Fragment displacement with loss of reduction Decreased range of motion of the wrist Prolonged swelling Late complications of Colles fracture include, Stiffness of the fingers, s...
Surgery
null
408d53b0-f06c-4e92-87f2-7f8436040ab8
A 62-year-old patient has been diagnosed with a restrictive pulmonary disease. Which of his following lung measurements is likely to be normal
FEV1
FVC
FEV1/FVC
FRC
2c
single
null
Medicine
null
2d02e49e-b28e-4923-ac54-557fc4057fee
Which of the following cement has most anticariogenic effect used while placing bands on molar to prevent caries?
GIC
Polycarboxylate
Zinc phosphate
Silicate
0a
single
GIC has fluoride releasing property and it also binds with the tooth chemically. So, it should be the cement of choice.
Dental
null
bd87728e-1a4d-4e01-a6ec-6d30a7af9e36
A very potent and sho acting benzodiazepine was given to a patient Kallu for the purpose of causing hypnosis but the drug caused psychiatric disturbances in him. Which of the following can be the hypnotic used?
Flurazepam
Nitrazepam
Temazepam
Triazolam
3d
multi
(Ref: KDT 7th/405) Triazolam is a very potent BZD with ultra rapid elimination. Some cases of paranoia and psychiatric disturbances have been noted with this drug.
Anatomy
Other topics and Adverse effects
3b4527ac-13b3-481f-bd7c-6a9096ac95ce
Not true about population pyramid -
India has broad base
India has narrow base
India has narrow apex
Developed countries have bulge in the center
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., India has narrow base o In countries with high birth rates as ours, population pyramid is broad based conical (narrow apex) because of high birth rate and tapering of population with increase in age.o The pyramid of developing country (e.g. India) has a broad base and a tapering top.o In developed cou...
Unknown
null
910bbdab-feea-4b56-bc3a-0c15cdfc7d45
Selegiline is
Dopa decarboxylase inhibitor
MAO-B inhibitor
COMT inhibitor
MAO-A inhibitor
1b
single
(B) MAO-B inhibitor # Selegiline is a MAO-B inhibitor.> MAO exist in forms MAO-A & MAO-B.> MAO-A predominates in peripheral adrenergic structures & intestinal mucosa.> MAO-B predominates in brain & Blood platelets. Selegline, along c- levodopa, prolongs its action, & wearing-off effect.> Based on the theory that oxidat...
Pharmacology
Miscellaneous (Pharmacology)
1523dcf4-9d03-40ad-a6b7-5f48085616f9
A female with 20 weeks pregnancy presents with fever and dysuria. A preliminary diagnosis of cystitis was made. Which of the following drugs will be safe to use for this patient?
Ciprofloxacin
Gentamicin
Cotrimoxazole
Amoxicillin
3d
single
Antibiotics safe in pregnancy P - Penicillin C - Cephalosporin M - Macrolides Ciprofloxacin causes cailage and bone destruction Gentamycin causes hearing loss in fetus Cotrimoxazole contains sulfonamides which can cause kernicterus in the child
Pharmacology
Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors
c63bbe38-cf93-4dc9-8e69-dbe89f96d170
Antihelminthic also acting as immunomodulator is-
Albendazole
Levamizole
Mebendazole
Piperazine
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Levamizole
Pharmacology
null
9463eeaf-d1a7-4421-8e8a-885d79459848
The main controlling agent for respiratory drive is which of the following -
CO2
Oxygen
NO
HBO3
0a
single
Central chemoreceptors are situated in the deeper pa of medulla oblongata, close to the dorsal respiratory group of neurons. This area is known as a chemosensitive area, and the neurons are called chemoreceptors. Chemoreceptors are in close contact with blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Central chemoreceptors are connecte...
Anaesthesia
Fundamental concepts
b1fd2546-bd8f-4e2b-860e-a762ac039f84
A seven year old child with recurrent chest infections and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is suspected of having cystic fibrosis Sweat chloride levels have been observed between 40-60 mmo1/1 on two separate occasions. Which of the following test should be performed next to suppo the diagnosis of Cystic fibrosis:
Repeat Sweat chloride levels on a different day
Demonstrate an abnormal nasal potential difference
Demonstrate an abnormal F508 mutation by DNA analysis
Demonstrate an abnormal 72 hour fecal fat
1b
single
Answer is B (Demonstrate an abnormal nasal potential difference) Nasal Potential Difference is a sensitive test of electrolyte transpo (CFTR function) that can be used to suppo or refute a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis when sweat chloride levels are normal or border line and two CF mutations cannot be demonstrated by DN...
Medicine
null
080790bd-d9b2-46bb-9bae-af04b24ca7a4
A patient is found to have sun-sensitive dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia he must be suffering from the deficiency of which of the following.
Niacin
Riboflavin
Folic acid
Iron
0a
single
The most common symptoms of niacin deficiency involve the skin, the digestive system, and the nervous system. The symptoms of pellagra are commonly referred to as the three "Ds": sun-sensitive dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. A fourth "D," death, occurs if pellagra is left untreated
Biochemistry
null
4e062a23-9da8-4ddb-bcc9-32c376d60ed2
Drugs with high affinity can be used in :
High concentration.
Low concentration.
Moderate concentration.
None.
1b
multi
Affinity is the ability of a drug to combine with the receptor.
Pharmacology
null
08871182-b3d9-45da-ae2c-f1691fceeabe
Which hormone stimulates pancreatic secretion that is rich in bicarbonate?
Somatostatin
Secretin
CCK
Gastrin
1b
single
.
Pathology
All India exam
3d3fc67e-3193-4623-8a01-b19d9ea2741c
Which of the following drugs should not be administered concomitantly with warfarin as it decreases the effect of oral anticoagulants
Broad spectrum antibiotic
Cimetidine
Aspirin
Oral contraceptive
3d
single
Oral contraceptives Estrogen increases the synthesis of various clotting factors and produce a hypercoagulable state. Thus OCP containing estrogen decrease the effectiveness of warfarin and other oral anticoagulants.
Pharmacology
null
65ea8d84-f7d5-44c4-9dd9-12db881e3249
Best heat test agent for pulp testing:
GP sticks.
Rubber wheel.
Barlew disk.
Rotation friction heat.
0a
single
null
Dental
null
4c792e63-310f-41f7-8989-1e460674d570
Tonometer with variation in application surface
Mackey Marg tonometer
Rebound tonometer
Dreger's tonometer
Maklakov tonometer
3d
single
Ans. d. Maklakov tonometer Indentation tonometry Indentation tonometry was devised by SchiotzQ. Because of its simplicity, reliability, low price and relative accuracy, it is the most widely used tonometer in the world. For repeated use in multiple patients it can be sterilized by dipping the footplate in ether, absolu...
Ophthalmology
null
7bdc8144-4b5f-4ec7-b4ad-68f73e9cf05a
In a lady of 32 weeks pregnancy injection dexa- methasone is to given to prevent:
Respiratory distress syndrome
Neonatal convulsions
Neonatal jaundice
Cerebral palsy
0a
single
Administration of dexamethasone before delivery: – Reduces the incidence and severity of intraventricular hemorrhage – Accelerates fetal lung maturation in preterm labour and prevents hyaline membrane disease. It should be given atleast 24 hours before delivery. Its effect lasts for 7 days therefore earlier it was sa...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
54e415d9-2edc-4dc0-bc09-678a39aaa046
Early diastolic notching of uterine aery disappears by which week of gestation?
20
21
22
24
2c
single
Diastolic Notching in uterine aery Doppler usually disappears beyond 22 weeks of gestation. Persistence of uterine notch beyond 22 weeks is indicator of preeclampsia.
Radiology
ULTRASOUND