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33d29145-1361-423b-9407-3ee80a60789e | Period of sickness benefit given under ESI Act | 41 days | 17 days | 91 days | 101 days | 2c | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
ad1bca5c-d47b-4db6-ba81-8a44243e1d66 | The drug which is used for long term maintenance in opioid addiction | Naloxone | Nalorphine | Butarphanol | Methadione | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Methadone Maintenance therapy for opioid addiction* Once detoxification phase is over (i.e., withdrawal symptoms have been managed), the patient is maintained on any of the following drugs to prevent relapse by reducing craving and preventing 'kick' or 'euphoria' produced by opioids (morphine or heroi... | Psychiatry | Substance Abuse |
9f26336f-ad93-476d-b352-e927ca5b592c | DNA depended RNA synthesis is inhibited by: | Rifampicin | Ethambutol | Colchicine | Chloromycetin | 0a | single | Rifampicin | Pharmacology | null |
4dc4fca8-fdd8-41ac-b5a2-ed0cc5696b1a | Which of the following statements regarding the flow of lymph from lower limb is true? | |ed with change from supine to standing position | |ed in increased capillary permeability | |ed in deep vein valve incompetence | |ed by massage of foot | 3d | multi | Normally. the fluid in lymph is massaged by muscle contractions of the organs and contraction of aerioles and venules, with which they are often associated which increases the flow through lymph vessels lacking valves and smooth muscle Thus by massaging foot lymph flow can be increased Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical P... | Physiology | Cardiovascular system |
2b5946ed-dbdc-47b7-a409-f9f279b13e23 | Contraindication of liver transplant? | Acute fulminant hepatic failure | Metabolic Disease | Metastasis | Primary liver malignancy | 2c | single | Ans. (c) MetastasisRef: Sabiston 19th edition, Page 657* Contraindications for Liver transplant:# Metastatic liver disease# Poor cardio-pulmonary reserve# Systemic infections (HIV is not a contraindication now)# Porto pulmonary hypertension with pulmonary artery pressure >50mmHg # Hepatopulmonary syndrome when PaO2 doe... | Surgery | Transplantation |
306616e8-402c-420a-a4ef-d442e779c972 | Meniscal injury occurs during: | Rotation | Extension | Rotation and Flexion | Flexion | 2c | single | Ref: Apley's System of Orthopaedics and Fractures, 8th ed.Explanation:Mechanism of injury to MeniscusDamage to the meniscus is due to rotational forces directed to a flexed knee (as may occur w-ith twisting sports) is the usual underlying mechanism of injury.A valgus force applied to a Hexed knee with the foot planted ... | Orthopaedics | Knee Ligament Injuries |
e297ae54-65c4-4d73-9330-b27a20545aaa | Zero order kinetics is independent of ? | Plasma concentration | Clearance | Volume of distribution | Half life | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Plasma concentration o Rate of elimination in zero order kinetics is independent of plasma concentration (see above explanation). | Pharmacology | null |
610f2d96-bf48-43c7-8e96-f8fe476d9609 | Spinal shock is characterised by -a) Spasticityb) Wastingc) Sensory lossd) urinary retentione) Areflexia | abd | acd | bde | cde | 3d | single | null | Medicine | null |
803af4d5-8dbc-4c8f-b14b-21af13053c77 | Which of the following is true regarding non-competitive enzyme inhibition? | Vmax increases | Vmax decreases | Km increases | Km decreases | 1b | multi | In case of non-competitive enzyme inhibition Vmax decreases and Km remains the same. | Biochemistry | null |
fbb17b41-708d-493b-8ee2-4403261f01ab | Occipitofrontal is muscle is present in which layer of scalp: | Aponeurotic layer | Subaponeurotic layer | Dense connective tissue layer | Loose connective tissue layer | 0a | single | Ans. A. Aponeurotic layerThe term scalp is applied to the soft tissues covering the vault of skull. It extends anteriorly up to the eyebrows (superciliary arches), posteriorly up to the superior nuchal lines, and laterally on each side up to superior temporal line. The scalp consists of five layers. From superficial to... | Anatomy | Head & Neck |
7304abd1-d146-4143-ae01-8d102ae7b5fb | Gleason's staging is used in: | Ca prostate | Ca bladder | Ca pancreas | Ca colon | 0a | single | Ans: A (Ca prostate) Ref: Bailey & Love s Short Practice of Surgery, 25th Edition & Internet SourcesExplanation:The Gleason Grading SystemIt is used to help evaluate the prognosis of men with prostate cancer.It also predicts prognosis and helps guide therapy.Scoring based upon its microscopic appearance on histopatholo... | Surgery | Prostate Cancer |
5217c6d9-9a1b-4a77-b32f-64f242ad76b8 | The distance between tympanic membrane and medial wall of middle ear at the level of centre is: | 3 mm | 4 mm | 6 mm | 2 mm | 3d | multi | (d) 2mm(Ref. BD Chaurasia, Human Anatomy 6th ed., Vol 3, page 277)Part of the middle ear cavityDistance from lateral to medial wallEpitympanum6mm (widest)Mesotympanum (centre)2mm (narrowest)Hypotympanum4mm | ENT | Ear |
72e6f5b0-4ba3-4e63-b874-bc37fcf15b72 | Dystrophic calcification occur in all except -( | Rheumatic hea disease | Lymph node | Normal kidney | Aneurysm | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Normal kidney | Pathology | null |
bc50d685-8468-4b36-86a5-dbf5f45a3b65 | A patient with peptic ulcer disease undergone billroth 2 gastrectomy. Later the patient presented with postprandial pain. On endoscopy oedematous and inflamed gastric mucosa has been found. What is the preferred diagnosis | Alkaline gastritis | Dumping syndrome | Gastroparesis | None of the above | 0a | multi | Reflex of duodenal juices into the stomach after billroth surgery e will cause inflamed gastric mucosa. Treatment of choice is roux en y gastrojejunostomy. | Surgery | null |
e3bbb17f-e7e4-4b6c-ac2a-6ae6f10deb50 | In muscle cells, resting membrane potential is equal to the isoelectric potential of | Na+ | Cl- | K+ | Mg++ | 2c | single | The isoelectric potential of Cl- is -70mV and of K+ is -90mV.
According to ‘Ganong’ and ‘Principles of Medical Physiology’, the actual measured RMP of a nerve fibre is -70mV rather than the calculated value of -90mV.
So in nerve fibres, the RMP is equal to or closer to the isoelectric potential of Cl-.
Whereas in musc... | Physiology | null |
0436a661-0888-4f34-855d-d105eb49cd49 | Subcutaneous vaccine is - | BCG | Polio | DPT | Measles | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e. measles Mode of administration of vaccines* BCG* intradermal* OPV* oral* DPT* Intramuscular* Measles* subcutaneously | Social & Preventive Medicine | Principles of Immunization and Vaccination |
89b8f81f-87a6-4e2a-b2cd-5a595b2caa26 | True about shigella dysentriae except - | It invades colonic mucosa | It can cause HUS | Produces verocytotoxin | Produces mildest form of dysentry | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Produces mildest form of dysentry * Mildest form of dysentry is caused by Sh. Sonnei. | Microbiology | null |
5f099f2b-0b6c-4995-9181-70369c47206b | A female presented with a severe headache of sudden onset. On CT scan a diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage is made. The most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage is : | Middle meningeal artery | Berry aneurysm rupture | Basilar artery | Subdural venous sinuses | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' ie. Berry Aneurysm (Ref. : Harrison, 17/e pl726 (16/e, p 2387, 15/e, p 238))" Excluding head trauma the most common cause of SAH is rupture of a saccular aneurysma (Berry aneurysm or congenital aneurysm). "Berry aneurysms - also k/a as congenital aneurysm although they are not present at birth. There is how... | Unknown | null |
8eb81a4a-3ff4-46da-b56f-21711a6c6ebd | Pulsus paradoxus is seen in all except : | IPPV | COPD | Cardiac Temponade | Constrictive pericarditis | 0a | multi | Answer is A (IPPV) Pulsus paradoxus is not a feature of IPPV. Pulsus paradoxus may be seen in association with cardiac tamponade, constrictive pericarditis (infrequent) and COPD. Causes of Pulsus Paradoxus 1. Clinical Disease States Cardiac Tamponade (common) Constrictive Pericarditis (Infrequent) Superior vena cava sy... | Medicine | null |
2e8dd29e-d95a-4d37-a864-e4a59f466924 | The following are characteristic of autism except ___________ | Onset after 6 years of age | Repetitive behaviour | Delayed language development | Severe deficit in social interaction | 0a | multi | Autistic disorder:- Pervasive developmental disorders. Also called autistic spectrum disorders, cluster of syndromes that share marked abnormalities in the development of social and communicative skills. Symptoms: Qualitative impairment in social interaction as manifested by two of the following- impairment in use of m... | Pediatrics | Growth and development |
6185a27a-a703-48e7-b947-f36509811a86 | Which among the following is not an RNA virus? | Hepatits A | Hepatitis B | Hepatitis C | Hepatitis D | 1b | single | Ans: b (hepatitis B) Ref:Ananthanarayan, 7 p. 547Among the hepatitis virus only DNA virus is hepatitis B virus (Hepadna virus). Just go through theFeatureHAVHBVHCVHDVHEVAgentSSRNA icosahedral,capsid unenvelopedDSRNAComplex structure envelopedSSRNA envelopedSS defective virus envelopedSSRNA unenvelopedClassificationPico... | Microbiology | Virology |
d6426c2a-1da1-4523-906a-741cfeb77d13 | An old man enters the hospital with myocardial infarction and a severe ventricular arrhythmia. The antiarrhythmic drug chosen has a narrow therapeutic window. The minimum toxic plasma concentration is 1.5 times the minimum therapeutic plasma concentration. The half life is 6 hrs. It is essential to maintain the plasma ... | Once a day | Twice a day | Four times a day | Constant intravenous infusion | 3d | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
5e745d6b-e03c-43e0-a20c-46c7d5a7e313 | The most common indication for tracheostomy is: | Laryngeal diphtheria | Foreign body aspiration | Carcinoma | Asthma | 1b | single | Historically, the main indication for a tracheostomy was to bypass upper airway obstruction caused by a foreign body or infection, paicularly diphtheria. Nowadays upper airway obstruction is the least common indicator for tracheostomy. Almost two thirds of tracheostomies are currently performed on intubated intensive c... | ENT | null |
a94b5a12-bac7-45a8-b9a2-db8ced7eebd5 | Absolute contraindication of OCP's is: | Breast cancer | Mentally ill | Migraine | Fibroid | 0a | multi | null | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
e5e017a0-2f53-4392-9722-956936faed9a | Epicritic perception of pain occurs at the level of | Thalamus | Area 3, 1, 2 | Areas 5, 7 | Pulvinar | 1b | single | null | Physiology | null |
ef1bbbc6-c2a7-403c-96b6-f42d6d44027c | A 35-year-old man comes to the physician because of a lump in his neck. Examination shows
a thyroid nodule, Laboratory studies show serum calcitonin is elevated, and serum calcium is
normal
Despite high serum calcitonin levels, which of the following mechanisms best explains the normal calcium levels in this patient... | Concurrent parathyroid adenoma | Concurrent parathyroid hyperplasia | High levels of calcitonin down reQulates its receptor | Increase in PTH in response to hypocalcemia | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
0d5dede3-bc48-4bfb-bc7b-01e5cbdf29e1 | Aflatoxin is produced by the fungus? | Aspergillus flavus | Aspergillus fumigatus | Aspergillus niger | Penicillium marneffei | 0a | single | Aflatoxin is a mycotoxin that is produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Exposure to aflatoxin can cause hepatic necrosis later progressing to cirrhosis. It also acts as a carcinogen and can produce hepatocellular carcinoma. | Microbiology | Mycology |
f0b1a64c-3784-4deb-9b6c-10b0ef6eb573 | Ram Prashad is admitted to Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital with respiratory infection for which antibiotic tobramycin is ordered. The clearance and Vd of tobramycin in him are 160 ml/min and 40 L, respectively. If you wish to give Ram Prashad an intravenous loading dose to achieve the therapeutic plasma concentration of 4 mg... | 0.1 mg | 10 mg | 115.2 mg | 160 mg | 3d | single | Loading dose = Vd x target plasma cone.
= 40 L x 4 mg/L
= 160 mg
Clearance plays no role in the determination of loading dose. It is given to confuse you. | Pharmacology | null |
14263e2b-6bb5-4b61-ad08-6c96f024ec8b | Extra cervical rib usually compresses which pa of brachial plexus - | Lateral cord | Upper trunk | Middle trunk | Lower trunk | 3d | multi | THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME Neurological and vascular symptoms and signs in the upper limbs may be produced by compression of the LOWER TRUNK of the brachial plexus (C8 and T1) and subclan vessels between the clavicle and the first rib. The subclan aery and lower brachial trunk pass through a triangle based on the first r... | Orthopaedics | Miscellaneous |
6c9ebdc7-8d66-4b68-982a-761223c5de66 | The following structure does not pass through flexor retinaculum | Ulnar N | Median N | Flexor digitorum profundus | Flexor digitorum superficialis | 0a | single | FLEXOR RETINACULUM Carpel tunnel.Transverse carpal ligament. Strong fibrous band which bridges anterior concavity of carpus and conves it into osseofibrous tunnel called carpal tunnel for the passage of flexor tendons of the digits. Rectangular.Formed due to thickening of deep fascia in front of carpal bones. Attachmen... | Anatomy | Upper limb |
43b33cf4-1938-4285-b9a1-6068a19e1bd7 | To diagnosis foetal wellbeing of foetus, most reliable method -(UPSC 97) | L:S ratio | HPL levels | Kick test | Ultrasound | 3d | single | To get started, sit with your feet up or lie on your side. Count each of your baby'smovements as one kick, and count until you reach 10 kicks or movements. Most of the time it will take less than a half-hour, but it could take as long as two hours. Log your recorded times into a Count the Kicks chart. The lecithin-sphi... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Diagnosis in Obstetrics |
b69ee41f-6de3-4002-a19f-4f21af1e880f | Drug commonly used against enteric fever are all except- | Amikacin | Ciprofloxacin | Ceftriaxone | Azithromycin | 0a | multi | Aminoglycosides are not given for enteric fever | Microbiology | null |
19dbb51a-75ee-4e72-b26c-711d85a582f7 | Hiatus semilunaris is present in? | Superior meatus | Middle meatus | Inferior meatus | Spheno-ethmoidal recess | 1b | single | Middle meatus: Uncinate process is a hook-like structure running in from anterosuperior to the posteroinferior direction in the middle meatus. It&;s postero superior border is sharp and runs parallel to the anterior border of bulla ethmoidalis. This gap between the two is called hiatus semilunaris .it is two-dimensiona... | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
3c6ced6c-0e79-4933-a349-ffc7a598cd5a | After an incised wound, new collagen fibrils are seen along with a thick layer of growing epithelium. The approximate age of the wound is: | 4-5 days | About 1 week | 12-24 hours | 24-72 hours | 0a | single | The approximate age of the wound in an incised wound, when new collagen fibrils are seen along with a thick layer of growing epithelium is 4-5 days. | Pathology | null |
5288c03d-1e35-419b-8b16-dcd64ae7138c | Shoest skull diameter: March 2013 | Biparietal | Mentoveical | Bitemporal | Bimastoid | 3d | single | Ans. D i.e. Bimastoid Fetal skull Shoest diameter of fetal skull: Bimastoid (7.5 cm) Largest diameter of fetal skull: Mentoveical (14 cm) | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
3fefd03a-5ba5-446e-a433-bdb6057d825f | Regarding yaws, all are true except - | Caused by T. Peenue | Sexually transmitted | Croos active antibodies with syphilis | Drug of choice is penicillin | 1b | multi | Yaws is a chronic contagious non veneral disease. Reference; Park&;s Textbook of preventive and social medicine, 24th edition.Pg no. 359 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
d52c957e-e1ae-48cc-8e0d-2f8732fc08ee | Surgery for undescended testis is recommended at what age? | 6 months | 12 months | 24 months | 36 months | 0a | single | Optimum age for surgery in case of undescended testis is 6 months. The surgical procedure done is called orchidopexy. Earlier intervention (Six months of age) should be considered in order to theoretically prevent the complications of crytorchidism that may be manifested before 1 year of age. Ref: Sabiston 20th Ed. ; S... | Surgery | All India exam |
5ba6e1a4-e250-4eb6-b7f5-dc26445d2227 | Subepidermal bistreing is seen in all except ? | Pemphigus vulgaris | Dermatitis herpetiformis | Toxic epidermal necrolysis | Pemphigus | 3d | multi | Ans:D. i.e. Pemphigus Causes of Subepidermal Blistering includes :Bullous pemphigoid, dermatitis herpetiformis, erythema multiforme, TEN, friction blisters.Causes of Intraepidermal Blistering includes :Acute eczema, varicella, herpes simplex, pemphigus | Skin | null |
8d668755-ce52-4377-baf4-e721a00f1f24 | Palmer's sign is pregnancy refers to (8-12 weeks): | Rhythmic contractions of uterus | Pulsations in the lateral fornix | Discoloration of vagina | None | 0a | multi | Rhythmic contractions of uterus | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
170029ac-2a8e-43a6-ad55-e31059a55b20 | Schizophrenia with the worst prognosis | Catatonic | Paranoid | Hebephrenic | Undifferentiated | 2c | single | Hebephrenic schizophrenia Key Symptoms: Disorganized speech, behavior (often silly/ shallow) and flat or inappropriate affect Order of prognosis from good to bad in Schizophrenia: Catatonic > Paranoid > Undifferentiated > Hebephrenic > Simple Reference: Oxford Handbook of psychiatry; 3rd edition; Chapter 6; Schizophren... | Psychiatry | Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders |
1fa5ede1-d052-468a-8027-150d486cb0cc | Most common type of schizophrenia | Simple | Hebephrenic | Catatonic | Paranoid | 3d | single | D i.e. Paranoid | Psychiatry | null |
ab2a8fc4-5d06-4a45-95f9-bc98aed2b916 | The drug most likely to be responsible for acute pancreatitis is : | Didanosine | Ketoconazole | Saquinavir | Zidovudine | 0a | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
94eba4f1-7251-4f74-bf7e-0ad3423fde77 | Ideal speed for most rotary NiTi Instrument is | 300-350 rpm | 350-500 rpm | 500-600 rpm | 100-200 rpm | 0a | single | Most endodontic rotary systems are used in the speed range of 300-350 RPM. Light speed is ued at 1200 rpm | Dental | null |
2deca00a-f289-4105-931d-8d2019b354c2 | Investigation of choice for Posterior urethral valves: | Micturating Cystourethrography (MCU) | Ultrasound | Intravenous Pyelography | Retrograde urethrography | 0a | single | Ans. a (MCU). (Ref. Sutton Radiology 7th ed. 1017, 1061)- MCU is IOC for PU valve and VUR.Posterior urethral valves (PUV)# Varying degree of chronic urethral obstruction due to fusion and prominence of plicae colliculi, normal concentric folds of urethra.# Usually located in posterior urethra just distal to the level v... | Radiology | Genito Urinary System |
d1c90183-37c3-433d-b217-fbc7b541d31c | A 25-year-old man is involved in an automobile accident with resultant injuries including bilateral closed femur fractures, left pulmonary contusion, and closed head injury. On post-injury day 4, significant upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage begins. Endoscopic examination reveals an area of confluent ulceration with bl... | Lavage of gastric contents with iced saline | Urgent total gastrectomy | Selective aerial infusion of vasopressin the left gastric aery | Inseion of Sangstaken-Blakemore balloon | 2c | multi | Initial effos to control gastric hemorrhage consist of gastric lavage using warmed saline. Lavage serves to fragment existing clots and to remove any pooled blood, reducing fibrinolysis at bleeding sites. Over 80% of patients who present with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage stop bleeding using this approach. Definiti... | Surgery | Stomach & Duodenum |
4b000b25-970e-4448-8207-2fccf25dd4e1 | Triangular relation of Elbow is maintained in | Fracture ulna | Anterior dislocation of Elbow | Posterior dislocation of Elbow | Supracondylar fracture | 3d | single | D i.e. Supracondylar fracture | Surgery | null |
1e4aa405-24ac-4dc2-abad-ebcd47e977d0 | Vaginal defence is lost: | Within 10 days of bih | After 10 days of bih | During pregnancy | At pubey | 1b | single | Vaginal pH: newborn infant -4.5 to 7 pubey -alkaline to acidic reproductive age -4 to 5.5 pregnancy -3.5 to 4.5 post menopausal -6 to 8 Acidity of vagina is because of doderlein's bacilli. It is a rod-shaped gram-positive bacillus which grows anaerobically on acid media. It appears in the vagina 3-4 days after bih and ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Anatomy of the female genital tract |
541a2af8-555d-4ada-a0a6-577b69d47ac6 | Primary health centre was proposed under: | Srivastava committee | Bhore committee | Kaar Singh committee | None of the above | 1b | multi | Bhore committee in 1946 gave the concept of primary health care centre as a basic health care unit. Ref: Park 22nd edition pg: 800. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
5b073b29-c3e5-41f6-9964-ff2de8119acc | Natural habitat of Schistosoma (blood flukes) ? | Veins of the urinary bladder | Poal & pelvic veins | Vesical plexuses | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above | Microbiology | null |
6ed275d2-a711-461f-beb1-aca540311498 | A patient sustains a knife wound through the right fouh intercostals space, 2 cm to the right of the sternum. The area most likely penetrated by the knife is the | Right upper lobe of the lung | Right middle lobe of the lung | Right lower lobe of the lung | Right atrium of the hea | 1b | single | The right border of the hea is approximately 1 to 2 cm to the right of the right border of the sternum; therefore, the knife probably did not hit the hea. The middle lobe of the right lung extends from the level of the fouh costochondral junction to the level of the fifth intercostal space. The middle lobe is most like... | Anatomy | Thorax |
b7d9688e-4eb7-4d3a-ae88-01e1ac397d54 | Duputryens contracture commonly affects: September 2005 | Little finger | Ring finger | Middle finger | Index finger | 1b | single | Ans. B: Ring Finger Dupuytren's contracture is more common among people with diabetes, alcoholism, or epilepsy. Dupuytren contracture, a disease of the palmar fascia, results in the thickening and shoening of fibrous bands in the hands and fingers. The ring finger is the one affected most commonly. It is usually limite... | Surgery | null |
ba7c2757-ee9a-4c98-bfa1-acef6adfa8b6 | Hemiparesis is NOT a feature of: | Carotid aery occlusion | MCA occlusion | AC A occlusion | Veebral aery occlusion | 3d | single | Patients with veebral aery occlusion may present as posterior inferior cerebellar aery syndrome with cerebellar and brainstem signs such as dysahria, iplsilateral limb ataxia, veigo, nystagmus, ipsilateral Horner's syndrome, ipsilateral loss of pain and temperature of face, ipsilateral pharyngeal and laryngeal paralysi... | Medicine | null |
2914f119-98dd-4c93-ac21-88e91f6c0480 | Preterm baby with PDA, which is the least likely findings? | CO2 washout | Bounding pulses | Pulmonary hemorrhage | Necrotising enterocolitis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CO2 washout PDA in preterm neonate o In previous explanations I have explained that chances of spontaneous closure of PDA are higher in premature infants as there is no structural abnormality. However, you should keep in mind that this fact is true when we are comparing the spontaneous closure of PDA ... | Pediatrics | null |
561f6314-6a70-44a7-9b05-4b60f7201797 | Increased acetylcholinesterase in amniotic fluid indicates - | Open neural tube defects | Oesophageal atresia | Down syndrome | Edwards syndrome | 0a | single | (A) (Open neural tube defects) (1998 - Nelson 19th)* Failure of closure of the neural tube allows excretion of fetal substances (a-fetoprotein , acetylecholinesterase) into the amniotic fluid, serving as biochemical and markers of a neural tube defects (NTD).* Prenatal screening of maternal serum of AFP in the 16th - 1... | Pediatrics | Miscellaneous |
35cd4faf-f262-4883-9836-4de77f1a505b | 15/F complains of anterior knee pain, increased on climbing stairs and getting up after prolonged sitting. Diagnosis is: | Chondromalacia patellae | Bipaite patellae | Plica syndrome | Patellofemoral ahritis | 0a | single | Given scenario suggests diagnosis of Chondromalacia patellae Plica syndrome- anterior knee pain, clicking, clunking, and a popping sensation on patellofemoral loading activity such as squatting Patellofemoral ahritis will be seen at a later age and will have pain in all movements of knee. Bipaite patella is congenital ... | Orthopaedics | Neuromuscular disorders |
d8d33903-6c01-46eb-926f-8903350eae35 | Which of the following pain is not referred to ear | Pharynx | Teeth | Angle of TM joint | Vestibule of nose | 3d | single | Reffered pain to ear: Benign ulcers or malignant lesions of the base of tongue tonsil pillars palate Ref: Dhingra 7e pg 435. | ENT | Ear |
989f2093-2103-48b5-ab55-bcb551077201 | Paget's disease of nipple is stained positive for: | CEA | S 100 | Both of the above | None of the above | 0a | multi | Paget's disease may be confused with superficial spreading melanoma. Differentiation from pagetoid intraepithelial melanoma is based on the presence of S-100 antigen immunostaining in melanoma and carcinoembryonic antigen immunostaining in Paget's disease. Surgical therapy for Paget's disease may involve lumpectomy, ma... | Surgery | null |
6e84a2d0-8f9b-4eb1-9808-e6389dd7c02b | The following is true about term "New Families' - | It is variant of the 3-generation family | It is applied to all nuclear families of less then 10 years duration | It is variant of the joint family | It is applied to all nuclear families of less then 2 years duration | 1b | multi | - all nuclear families of less then 10 years duration is termed as new families. - the concept is impoant in view of studies relating to family planning. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:684 <\p> | Social & Preventive Medicine | Social science, Mental health & Genetics |
91fc0a8a-7251-4962-823f-afb03cdf85ec | Which of these is not a derivative of 3rd pharyngeal/ branchial arch: | Lesser cornu | Greater cornu | Stylopharyngeus | Lower hyoid | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Lesser cornuRef: Inderbir Singh's Embroyology, 7th ed. /119-120Lesser cornu of hyoid is derived from 2nd branchial arch.1st Branchial arch2nd Branchial arch3rd Branchial arch4th Branchial arch6th Branchial arch* Malleus and Incus* Maxilla* Mandible* Muscle of mastication* Stapes* Upper half of body of hyoid* L... | ENT | Larynx |
69cda036-fe20-4d53-be80-5e563c9122f2 | The following drug is effective in treatment of ptyriasis versicolor ? | Ketoconazole | Metronidazole | Griseofulvin | Chloroquine | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ketoconazole Pityriasis versicolor (Tinea versicolor) Tinea versicolor is a misnomer as it is not caused by dermatophyte; Pityriasis versicolor is more appropriate term. It is caused by a nondermatophyte fungus called Pityrosporum ovale (Malasezia furfur). It usually affects young adults. Clinical fea... | Skin | null |
5a21646a-c5db-4e8d-b73b-8fc2d46f2fd6 | Hypoxia due to the slowing of circulation is seen in which of the following? | Anemic hypoxia | Histotoxic hypoxia | Hypoxic hypoxia | Stagnant hypoxia | 3d | single | Hypoxia is O2 deficiency at the tissue level. Traditionally, hypoxia has been divided into four types.Type of hypoxiaSignificanceHypoxic hypoxia The PO2 of the aerial blood is reduced.Anemic hypoxia The aerial PO2 is normal but the amount of hemoglobin available to carry O2 is reducedStagnant hypoxia The blood flow to ... | Anatomy | All India exam |
6e5af7a0-f15a-4f05-b529-19195adbb0be | A male was brought unconscious with external injuries. CT brain showed no midline shift, but basal cistern were compressed with multiple small hemorrhages. Diagnosis is: AIIMS 06 | Cerebral contusion | Cerebral laceration | Multiple infarcts | Diffuse axonal injuries | 3d | multi | Ans. Diffuse axonal injuries | Forensic Medicine | null |
11480ad5-d375-4976-80a6-81641180058a | Infectivity of HBsAg is best/commonly diagnosed by- | HBeAg | HbsAg | HBV DNA | Anti HBs Ag | 0a | single | null | Microbiology | null |
4d60298d-8c2e-45db-9a18-64bcc4a7dd18 | Accuracy refers to: | Sensitivity | Specificity. | Both | Any of the above. | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
e875d41c-f9a2-4fb0-bd6a-308b7dc01472 | A patient has Hb 6 gm% folic acid 82g/ml, vitamin B12 60 pg/ml, serum iron 180g/dl, and MCV-104.The diagnosis is - | Iron deficiency anaemia | Vitamin B12 deficiency | Folic acid deficiency | Pyridoxine deficiency | 1b | single | null | Medicine | null |
760f2023-6644-4361-8a2f-92b7ba531f54 | Predisposing factors for coronary aery disease include, all Except: | Homocysteinemia | | Lipoprotein B | | Fibrinogen | | plasminogen activator inhibitors 1 | 1b | multi | Predisposing factors for coronary aery disease include an increased lipoprotein &;a&; and not lipoprotein &;6&;. REF: Harrison book of internal medicine 21ST EDITION | Medicine | All India exam |
ec8bacc4-c74d-439f-b81a-d6b49b5ecd2c | Cell swelling is seen in all except? | Infection | Malignancy | Calcification | Hypoxia | 2c | multi | Ans. (c) CalcificationRef: Robbiris pathology 9th ed. 140-41, 65* Cellular swelling may occur due to cellular hypoxia, which damages the sodium-potassium membrane pump; it is reversible when the cause is eliminated.* Cellular swelling is the first manifestation of almost all forms of injury to cells.* On microscopic ex... | Pathology | Cellular Pathology |
2376676b-4585-44fe-b5e3-31b38eedd1f9 | If during blood transfusion reaction develops in the form of incompatibility, the first thing to be done is | Stop the transfusion | Inj Hydrocortisone to be given | Inj Chlorpheneramine maleate to be given | Inj Frusemide to be given | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
fbafe949-e281-4310-bfab-53fe65e85921 | (HIT)Head impulse test is used to diagnose? | Subarachnoid haemorrhage | Lhermite sign | Nuchal rigidity | Vestibular disease | 3d | single | Option A & C ruled out as SAH presents with Nuchal rigidity. Option B- Sudden neck flexion causes shooting pain in the back which is feature of TABES DORSALIS. HIT test is a bedside technique used to diagnose reduction in vestibular function in one ear vs. the other. HINTS exam (Head Impulse, Nystagmus and Test for Ske... | Medicine | Headache And Migraine |
857d7af4-f62c-45ee-bb60-ad6677925d4d | Epiphora & lagopthalmous following VII nerve injury is due to- | Failure of lacrimal pump | Increased lacrimal secretion | Nasolacrimal duct obstruction | None of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Failure of lacrimal pump o Symptomatic epiphora following facial paralysis is most often associated with one or more of the following -i) Impairment of eyelid closure.ii) A compromised lacrimal pump.iii) Lower lid laxity | Ophthalmology | Intra Ocular Tumour |
1544dd2d-cc15-4352-9bb3-002524216a59 | Poor prognostic indicator of Pott's paraplegia | Early onset | Active disease | Healed disease | Wet lesion | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Healed disease Prognosis of Pott's paraplegia Good Poor Degree Paial (only sensory or motor) Complete paraplegia (grade IV) Duration Shoer Longer (> 12 months) Type Early (acute) onset Late (chronic) onset Speed of onset Slow (insidious) Rapid (sudden) Age Younger Old General condition Good Poor Veebr... | Surgery | null |
18221aab-d0e9-4194-98aa-3aad32aef0a0 | A 21 year old student is found to have hyperthyroidism. She is counselled on treatment options including radioactive iodine and antithyroid medications. Carbimazole acts on which part of the thyroid hormone synthesis pathway? | Cleavage of thyroglobulin by proteolysis | Coupling of monoiodotyrosine (MIT) and diiodotyrosine (DIT) forming triiodothyronine CTsl and thyroxine (T4) | Dehalogenation of iodinated tyrosine to recycle iodide | Organification of iodide by thyroid peroxidase incorporating tyrosine forming MIT and DIT | 3d | multi | Iodide is actively transported into follicular cells by a sodium/iodide transporter (Fig. 18.6). Pendrin is found at the apical membrane, where it transports iodide into colloid. A defect in this transporter underlies Pend red's syndrome (congenital hypothyroidism and deafness). Thyroid peroxidase catalyses the convers... | Medicine | null |
9d839c27-fff0-49c5-8c46-f245d208d6bb | Sickle cell anemia is the clinical manifestation of homozygous genes for an abnormal haemoglobin molecule. The event responsible for the mutation in the B chain is - | Inseion | Deletion | Non disj unction | Point mutation | 3d | single | D i.e. point mutation | Biochemistry | null |
82e657d9-2911-4d2e-a004-b0a4c480a741 | As compared to morphine, methadone is - | Superior analgesic and inferior hypnotic | Superior hypnotic and inferior analgesic | Superior analgesic and superior hypnotic | Inferior analgenic and inferior hypnotic | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Superior analgesic and inferior hypnotic I mg of methadone can be substituted for 4 mg of morphine. Methadone is less hypnotic than morphine (sedative action is less intense). | Pharmacology | null |
5616e3ae-1210-4582-bfe8-e538300e2559 | Drug of choice for primary syphilis is : | Ampicillin | Benzathine penicillin | Erythromycin | Tetracycline | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
aafd05ba-1121-4f53-b1cf-44ec4c586daa | Antiparkinson's drug known to cause cardiac valvular fibrosis is | Levodopa | Ropinirole | Pramipexole | Pergolide | 3d | single | Pergolide, ergot derivative, directly stimulates both D1 and D2 receptors. It has been widely used for parkinsonism but is no longer available because its use has been associated with the development of valvular hea disease.Reference: Katzung Pharmacology; 13th edition; Chapter 28; Pharmacologic Management of Parkinson... | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system |
368161c1-15ef-4d0b-986c-ff62ca444eb4 | Which of the following is a Rho kinase inhibitor? (AIIMS November.2013. May 2013. November 2012) | Fasudil | Ranolazine | Amiloride | Nicorandil | 0a | single | Ans. a. Fasudil (Ref: Katzung 11/e p203; Harrison 19/e p1590, 18/e p2011)Fasudil is a Rho kinase inhibitor leading to vasodilatation.FasudilRho kinase (protein kinase)-Vasocontrictor signalFasudil is a Rho kinase inhibitorQ leading to vasodilatation.New Anti-Anginal DrugsFasudilRho kinase inhibitorQTrimeiazidine* Metab... | Pharmacology | Anti-Anginal |
9d4a8b6b-e3fc-4eac-92bb-08cc589c7b54 | Efficacy of new drug A is compared with an existing drug B in: | Clinical trial phase I | Clinical trial phase II | Clinical trial phase III | Clinical trial phase IV | 2c | single | Phase Unit of study Purpose PRECLINICAL PHASE Lab experiments Animals Pretesting CLINICAL PHASE Typical No. of patients Phase 0 Healthy human volunteers Micro - dosing Phase I Healthy human volunteers Safety and non - toxicity profile 10 to 30 usually healthy volunteers Phase II Patients Effectiveness Fewer than 100 Ph... | Social & Preventive Medicine | RCT, Trials |
84379f6e-080b-4991-8a2d-0b7e54c4ffb6 | Which is not true about Cryptococcus neoformans | Grows at 37 o C | Grows on sabouraud's agar | Polysaccharide capsule | Urease negative | 3d | multi | It hydrolyses urea which differentiates Cryptococcus neoformans from non-pathogenic cryptococcus. Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, Ananthanarayan and Paniker; 9th edition | Microbiology | mycology |
2b315cc8-deef-4b18-93e4-f6f6d4985b28 | Most common site involved in Otosclerosis is | Foot plate stapes | Malleus head | Incus | Ear drum | 0a | multi | (A) Foot plate stapes # Stapedial Otosclerosis:> Stapedial otosclerosis causing stapes fixation and conductive deafness is the most common variety.> Here lesion starts just in front of the oval window in an area call 'fissula ante fenestram'.> This is the site predilection (anterior focus).> Lesion may be behind the ov... | ENT | Miscellaneous (E.N.T.) |
4b5c6a1c-cb79-4c70-be72-40389732c847 | True about NPCDCS is all except | Separate centre for stroke, DM | Implementation in some 5 states over 10 district | CHC has facilities for diagnosis and treatment of CVD, Diabetes | Day care facilities are available at subcentre | 2c | multi | Ans. c. CHC has facilities for diagnosis and treatment of CVD, Diabetes The NPCDCS program has two components viz. (i) Cancer and (ii) Diabetes, CVDs and Stroke. These two components have been integrated at different levels as far as possible for optimal utilization of the resources. The activities at State, Districts,... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
01e7819e-9e1f-45a9-9efb-47c58351c08b | The court which can sentence imprisonment for a maximum of 10 years | Chief Judicial Magistrate | First class Judicial Magistrate | Assistant Sessions court | Additional Sessions court | 2c | single | Answer: c) Assistant Sessions court (KS NARAYAN REDDY 33rd ED P-7)COURTS OF LAWCourtImprisonmentFineSupreme courtAny sentenceAny amount of fineHigh courtAny sentence authorized by lawAny amount of fineSessions courtAny sentence authorized by law (but death sentence must be confirmed by High court)Any amount of fineAssi... | Forensic Medicine | Law & Medicine, Identification, Autopsy & Burn |
8540bfe2-1f5b-40e0-97bd-ad1409247046 | Where are the dentists feet during any procedure when four handed dentistry is practiced | On the stool support rim | On the floor | On the dental chair base | Where ever is convenient | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
a9e6e097-c028-439a-ae33-13d34946a4c3 | Which of the following is the most significant risk factor for postoperative nausea and vomiting | Female gender | Smoking | Age over 60 years | Surgery on the breast | 0a | single | Postoperative nausea and vomiting is most common in women, young people, and patients who have received opioids during surgery. Surprisingly, perhaps the one advantage of smoking is that smokers tend to have less postoperative nausea and vomiting than nonsmokers. Similarly, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vom... | Anaesthesia | Preoperative assessment and monitoring in anaesthesia |
43750f16-4629-47f4-8a9d-ce18c65bd8a8 | All are symptoms of molar pregnancy except: | Amenorrhea | Symptoms of Hypothyroidism | Abnormal vaginal bleeding | Expulsion of grape like vesicles | 1b | multi | Ans: B (Symptoms of Hypothyroidism) Ref: Shaw's textbook, of gynaecology 15th ed. Pg 253Explanation: (See the following tabletCLASSIC CLINICAL FEATURES OF COMPLETE MOLEAmenorrhoea of 8- 12 weeksAbnormal vaginal bleedingLower abdominal painHyperemesis gravidarumFeatures of early onset preeclampsia (< 20 weeks)Uterine Ht... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) |
fc5ebc0f-59d5-4a69-8f69-5c435154cfba | Which of the following passes through the foramen magnum EXCEPT | Veebral Aery | Sympathetic chain | Xlth cranial nerve | Internal carotid Aery | 0a | multi | A i.e Veebral Aery | Anatomy | null |
803b132f-2cfb-48d7-8541-0c85eaa73d25 | Subaortic stenosis is not associated with? | Ventricular septal defect | Aortic regargitation | Patent ductus arteriosus | Coarctation of aorta | 1b | single | null | Medicine | null |
b84bbadc-bb1f-4519-87c6-921699366010 | A 85 year old female developed multiple blisters on trunk and thighs. Nikolsky's sign negative. The lesions came on and off. The most probable diagnosis is NOT RELATED-DERMATOLOGY | Pemphigus vulgaris | Bullous pemphigoid | Lichen planus | Lepra reaction | 1b | single | . | Pharmacology | All India exam |
4c9a0ca7-c057-4f5e-8a75-c19d6227bd66 | Amyl nitrite is used as antidote in which poisoning? | Cyanide | Cholinesterase | Benzodiazepine | Barbiturate | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Cyanide | Forensic Medicine | null |
fbfa1bbc-002e-4313-9ed8-eb3a6a9dffb8 | Hypoglycemia is an impoant feature of which of the following condition? | Hypoparathyroid | Addison disease | Pheochromocytoma | All of the above | 1b | multi | . | Medicine | All India exam |
be6a8fe5-fe54-4dc5-85b7-35be03560c68 | There is no cyanosis in severe anemia because - | Certain min. amount of reduced Hb should be present | In anemia, O2 saturation increases | Hypoxia stimulates erythropoietin production | O2 hemoglobin curve shifts to right | 0a | single | Ans is 'a' i.e. Certain min. amount of reduced Hb should be present o Cyanosis is a blue coloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to the presence of >5g/dl reduced hemoglobin in blood vessels near the skin surface. Now since in anemia the total amount of hemoglobin is decreased, the amount of reduced Hb to produ... | Pathology | Misc. (R.B.C) |
0fff791e-7073-496c-8af2-e92d78482a2d | A 65 year old lady underwent mastectomy for Carcinoma breast. Later she developed frontal headache, pain in temple region and around eye. Her ESR is 55 mm/hour. What is the most probable diagnosis? | Cavernous sinus thrombosis | Meningeal metastasis | Frontal sinusitis | Giant cell aeritis | 3d | single | GIANT CELL AERITIS Headache, scalp tenderness, visual symptoms, jaw claudication, or throat pain The temporal aery is usually normal on physical examination but may be nodular, enlarged, tender, or pulseless Blindness Results from occlusive aeritis of the posterior ciliary branch of the ophthalmic aery Ischemic optic n... | Medicine | JIPMER 2019 |
218c9ff6-832f-4123-9dda-4f9ce289e437 | The most effective means of Limiting applied loads to abutment teeth in a distal extension partial denture is by | Using a stress breaker | Using acrylic replacement teeth | Splinting abutments to adjacent teeth | Maintaining a stable base tissue relationship | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
496ee96f-286c-4796-8490-20abc3e6f333 | Continuous murmur is present in | cardiomyopathy | MS | PDA | cardiac tamponade | 2c | single | A continuous murmur is predicated on a pressure gradient that persists between two cardiac chambers or blood vessels across systole and diastole.The murmurs
typically begin in systole, envelop the second heart sound (S 2 ), and continue through some portion of diastole.
They can often be difficult to distinguish from i... | Medicine | null |
999fea48-cf9d-495e-82de-dc137ae28888 | Function of endonucleases:- | Cut DNA at specific DNA sequences | Enhancers | To find out antibiotic resistances | To point out the coding regions | 0a | single | Endonuclease Exonuclease Cut in between the DNA sequence Cut from the sides either from 5' or from 3' side Cut ds DNA Cut ss & ds DNA | Biochemistry | Basics of DNA |
9e7fc1f1-55b9-433b-8ccf-23e740cd68d4 | Which is a clean surgery | Hernia surgery | Gastric surgery | Cholecystectomy | Rectal surgery | 0a | single | .In adults surgical management includes * It includes herniotomy, i.e. excision of hernial sac and herniorrhaphy (strengthening of the posterior wall of inguinal canal either by repair or mesh). Precipitating causes should be treated first, like TURP for BPH, dilatation of stricture urethra, treatment of chronic bronch... | Surgery | Urology |
9a6541ad-5180-499d-8a89-1cc8a796cefb | Which of the following drugs is supposed to prevent congenital neural tube defects - | Thiamine | Riboflavin | Folic acid | Pyridoxine | 2c | single | Folic acid plays a role in synthesis of nucleic acids. It is needed for normal development of blood cells in the marrow. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 620 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
c681b4b8-3daf-4407-9d52-b4e18032808f | Pressure of normal uterine contractions is between 190-300 units. Which unit is being referred to here? | Montevideo units | mm of Hg | cm of water | Joules/kg | 0a | single | Ans. is a, i.e. Montevideo unitsRef Williams Obs, 23/e, p 4371 montevideo unit = Intensity of constraction x number of contractions in 10 mins.Montevideo unit is to define uterine activity.As per this:Clinical labour usually commences when uterine activity reaches values between 80-120 Montevideo units (This translates... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Normal Labour |
43c59653-c0aa-498b-9bb4-8c0c3276735b | LES pressure is decreased by all except: | Alcohol | Gastrin | Fat | Peppermint | 1b | multi | Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) Pressure Decreased by Increased by Prostaglandin E1 and E2, Progesterone Theophylline Barbiturates, Diazepam, Dopamine CCB, Atropine, Nitrates Chocolate, Coffee Alcohol, Pippermint Smoking, Fat Bombesin, Angiotensin II PP, Substance P, Motilin Gastrin Antacids Cholinergics Domeperidone ... | Surgery | Esophagus |
9308e6f7-2efe-4f52-b2dd-858fb18104c4 | Treatment of choice for aplastic anaemia is | Blood transfusion | Oxymethalone | Bone marrow transplantation | Azathioprine | 2c | single | The prognosis of severe aplastic anemia managed with suppoive therapy is only poor and more than 50% of people die, usually in the first year. The curative treatment for patients under 35 years of age is allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation if there is an available sibling donor. Older patients and those w... | Medicine | Haematology |
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