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756af33e-abf5-47c6-b0de-962a839ea4ef | All of the following activities of Junior Red cross except – | Military hospital worker | Village uplift | Prevent epidemic work | Any of the above | 0a | multi | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
889cd5fa-1c80-4a92-9a00-345831672c36 | Web of causation of disease, which statement is most appropriate? | Mostly applicable for common diseases | Requires complete understanding of all factors associated with causation of disease | Epidemiological ratio | Helps to suggest ways to interrupt the risk of transmission | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
ab95a69c-2c74-4d78-8647-c95d7496d90d | Ghotna is:- | Heavy wooden log rolled on leg | Compressing the thighs with two roads | Tying the limps to the pole | Electric shock to genitalia | 0a | single | Ghotna: Rolling a wooden log over the thighs up and down, while the log is weighed by one or two policemen standing on it Cattle prod: Electric shock especially over the genitals Sham execution: Victim is blind folded and asked to stand before a wall and then threatened that a vehicle is going to hit him. He hears the ... | Forensic Medicine | Toure methods |
eeda274b-3346-4a5e-8e25-1f5b8464155b | Epiphyseal enlargement occurs in - | Paget's disease | Sheurmann's disease | Epiphyseal dysplasia | Hemophilia | 3d | single | Epiphyseal enlargement
Most common causes of epiphyseal enlargement are chronic inflammation (e.g. JRA) or chronic increase in blood flow. Causes of Epiphyseal enlargement are:-
a) Solitary (Enlargement of particular epiphysis)
Post-inflammatory (JRA, Septic arthritis)
Perthe's disease (in repair stage)
Status post ... | Orthopaedics | null |
b3e618e1-f9ae-460c-bcc2-702294d8d0fa | Treatment of Hodgkin&;s disease - | CHOP | MOPP | ABVD | None | 2c | multi | <p>The ABVD(doxorubicin,vinblastine,bleomycin,dacarbazine) is used in the treatment of Hodgkin&;s disease .Thd incidence of infeility & secondary myelodysplasia /ALL is low with this regime. </p><p>Reference :Davidson&;s principles & practice of medicine 22nd edition pg no 1043 </p> | Medicine | Haematology |
aad11664-5f83-44ac-926e-b56c35c9642d | DOC of GTCS in pregnancy | Lamotrigine | CBZ | Levetiracetam | Valproate | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Lamotrigine | Medicine | null |
e08a75ac-3fb1-4ca9-a24c-d6798f56a3f0 | A 20 year female presents with a ovarian mass 6x 6 x 6cm in size. Ultrasonography reveals solid structures in the mass. Her serum biomarkers such as AFP. fO-hCG and CA 125 are normal, however, her serum alkaline phosphatase was found to be elevated. The most likely diagnosis is | Dysgerminoma | Endodermal sinus tumor | Malignant teratoma | Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma | 0a | single | null | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
3ab81800-b571-4301-aefa-6164d7033052 | When patient is on isotretinoin therapy, monitoring of which of the following is done | Liver function test | Lipid profile | Renal function tests | CBC | 1b | single | Isotretinoin is indicated in severe nodulo cystic acne vulgaris. It may result in hyperlipidemia, arthralgia and myalgia | Unknown | null |
c1f66ea8-e0c6-47ed-b2dc-c4ba1716bdbb | If GCS score is 8, head injury is classified as: | Mild | Moderate | Severe | Very severe | 2c | single | Head injury can be classified as mild, moderate, or severe. For patients with a history of head trauma, classification is as follows: severe head injury if the GCS score is 3 to 8, moderate head injury if the GCS score is 9 to 12, and mild head injury if the GCS score is 13 to 15. Ref: Schwaz's principle of surgery 9th... | Surgery | null |
3cd752c0-39e0-40c6-b843-9b38bb4fb8b7 | All pencillins act by: September 2007 | Inhibiting protein synthesis | Inhibiting cell wall synthesis | Antifolate | Inhibitis DNA gyrase | 1b | multi | Ans. B: Inhibiting cell wall synthesis All penicillin derivatives produce their bacteriocidal effects by inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Specifically, the cross linking of peptides on the mucosaccharide chains is prevented. If cell walls are improperly made cell walls allow water to flow into the cell caus... | Pharmacology | null |
b6a0b1c9-9736-4de0-a022-31c371f4c883 | Cause of Coxa vera ? | Congenital | Pehe's disease | SCFE | All of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above Coxa vera Coxa vera refers to reduced angle between the neck and shaft of the femur. Coxa vera may be congenital or acquired. 1. Congenital (developmental / Infantile) coxa vera This is coxa vara resulting from some unknown growth anomaly at the upper femoral epiphysis. It is noticed ... | Surgery | null |
a4678614-75be-4cbe-8d71-aef897f838d4 | Strength of topical ophthalmic preparations of tobramycin is : September 2009 | 3 mg/ ml | 8 mg/ ml | 10 mg/ml | 13 mg/ml | 0a | single | Ans. A: 3 mg/ml Tobramycin works by binding to a site on the bacterial 30S and 50S ribosome, preventing formation of the 70S complex. As a result, mRNA cannot be translated into protein and cell death ensues. Sterile Tobramycin Ophtha Solution (eye-drops) contains tobramycin concentration of 0.3%. It is mixed with 0.01... | Pharmacology | null |
c79d58c6-5782-49cb-a04f-f181e55e964c | Which of the following is given to prevent methotrexate toxicity? | MESNA | Flumazenil | Fomipezole | Calcium leucovorin | 3d | single | Ans. d (Calcium leucovorin) (Ref. Harrison 18th/ p 476, 607)# Methotrexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, which regenerates reduced folates from the oxidized folates produced when thymidine monophosphate is formed from deoxyuridine monophosphate.# Without reduced folates, cells die a "thymineless" death.# N-5 tetrah... | Medicine | Drugs |
3e3e5fc1-5a9f-45a6-ab15-f122b966c0fd | A baby is born at 27 weeks of gestation required mechanical ventilation for next 4 weeks & O2 for next 1 week. He maintained at room temperature subsequently. As per new Bronchopulmonary dysplasia definition, he has which of the following – | Mild BPD | Moderate BPD | Severe BPD | No BPD | 2c | single | null | Pediatrics | null |
e771fccf-5bce-4dab-b78b-05974eca159c | Which drugs are used for prenatal therapy of congenital adrenal hyperplasia? | Hydrocoisone | Prednisolone | Fludrocoisone | Dexamethasone | 3d | single | High risk pregnancies should be staed of Dexamathasone, that readily crosses placenta, in an amount of 20 mu/kg in 2-3 divided doses. This surpasses secretion of steroids by fetal adrenals, including secretion of fetal adrenal androgens. If staed 6 weeks of gestation, it ameliorates virilization of external genitals in... | Pediatrics | null |
0291550c-be5c-420e-9e17-cea3e2d01371 | In Breslau's second life test, organ tested is | Brain | Hea | Lung | Stomach and Intestine | 3d | single | D i.e. Stomach & Intestine Breslau's second life (or Stomach Bowel) test says that air will be swallowed & so may pass into stomach & small intestine when respiration establishes. | Forensic Medicine | null |
1e090da8-2146-4fe4-be3e-d23b0eee00f6 | A person with eyes closed & mind wondering will have the following wave in | a-waves | b-waves | d-waves | t-waves | 0a | single | (A) a-waves # Alpha Rhythm> In adult humans who are awake but at rest with the mind wandering and the eyes closed, the most prominent component of Ihe EEG is fairly regular pattern of waves at a frequency of 8-12 Hz and an amplitude of 50-100 pV when recorded from the scalp> This pattern is the alpha rhythm.> It is mos... | Physiology | Nervous System |
e8e48ba0-34e1-4e1d-b38c-7d4ecbcbf1c0 | Which drug is used for topical application in respiratory papillomatosis? | Acyclovir | Ranitidine | Cidofovir | Ribavirin | 2c | single | Cidofovir Gold standard treatment for respiratory papillomatosis is Laser MLS/ Powered MLS (using microdebrider). Cidofovir is a recent drug which is used intralesionally or topically. Its active metabolite, cidofovir diphosphate, inhibits viral replication by selectively inhibiting viral DNA polymerase. | Pathology | All India exam |
9c17078a-330d-4cb5-aecd-aada730fb782 | 30 years old lady presented with acute pain abdomen, constipation and vomiting suspecting acute intestinal obstruction. The investigation of choice for the patient is - | Ba enema | X-ray abdomen erect posture | USG | CT scan | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. X-ray abdomen erect posture | Surgery | null |
b7f56aef-7e80-47be-a7ed-a2cea8736a22 | Which of the following reflex is NOT prominent in child at bih? | Moro's reflex | Glabellar tap | Crossed extensor reflex | Tonic neck reflex | 3d | single | Tonic neck reflex is prominent between 2nd and 4th months. Persistence of reflex beyond the age of 6-9 months is abnormal. Impoant neonatal reflexes: Sucking, rooting, and swallowing reflexes Grasp reflex Moro's reflex Glabellar tap Crossed extension Ref: Essential paediatrics by OP Ghai, 6th edition, Page 146. | Pediatrics | null |
d7047f37-c749-491f-9d12-ca52a4ae2317 | Most potent statin is? | Simvastatin | Pitavastatin | Rosuvastatin | Atorvastatin | 2c | single | Rosuvastatin - most potent best bioavailability: fluvastatin most commonly prescribed- atorvastatin safe for children- pravastatin Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
b37e1f58-0149-4dbd-8e0b-2e498aab6780 | Niacin is synthesized from: | Phenylalanine | Tryptophan | Tyrosine | Methionine | 1b | single | The liver can synthesize niacin from the essential amino acid tryptophan, but the synthesis is extremely inefficient; 60 mg of tryptophan are required to make one milligram of niacin. The 5-membered aromatic heterocycle of the essential amino acid, tryptophan, is cleaved and rearranged with the alpha amino group of try... | Biochemistry | null |
2a51c715-b895-4042-81e0-f0e67598fbb3 | What is irregular astigmatism- | Perpendicular principal meridians | Non perpendicular principal meridians | Any of the above | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Non perpendicular principal meridians ASTIGMATISMo Astigmatism is a type of refractive error wherein the refraction varies in the different meridia. Consequently, the rays of light entering in the eye cannot converge to a point focus but form focal lines. The refractive error of the astigmatic eye ste... | Ophthalmology | Types of Errors of Refraction |
2c194873-0e6b-46bb-b97e-91a8320ef492 | Pterygium all are true except: | Arise from any pa of conjunctiva | Can cause astigmatism | Surgery is treatment of choice | UV exposure is risk factor | 0a | multi | Ans. Arise from any pa of conjunctiva | Ophthalmology | null |
a3a14fbb-8907-4618-b971-0172c3f5b382 | Gradient in pulmonary aery wedge pressure and left ventricular end diastolic pressure is seen in | Aoic regurgitation | Constrictive pericarditis | Left atrial myxoma | Pulmonary thromboembolism | 2c | single | Answer is C (Left atrial myxoma) An increased gradient during diastole is suggestive of an obstructive lesion between Left atrium and Left ventricle that is not allowing pressures to normalize between the atria and ventricle such as atrial myxoma. Pulmonary aery wedge pressure represents Left atrial pressure. Left vent... | Medicine | null |
2ef82f67-4906-4d5c-b65f-2edb36068c75 | Which of the following opioid can be given intranasally? | Tramadol | Pethidine | Butorphanol | Buprenorphine | 2c | multi | Butorphanol is full agonist at kappa & antagonist at μ receptor that can be given intranasally. | Pharmacology | null |
2a1f7def-52f0-4cce-8886-825025aee58d | Most important in diagnosing Acute Hepatitis B is | IgG Anti-HBc | Anti HBs | IgM Anti-HBc | HBsAg | 2c | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
9126ca9f-1c09-4270-aad6-3cc552e36660 | A 55-year-old woman was found to have Ca cervix, FIGO stage 2-3, locally advanced. What would be the management?: | Surgery plus chemotherapy | radiotherapy plus chemotherapy | Chemotherapy | Radiotherapy plus HPV vaccine | 1b | multi | As discussed in detail in preceeding text best for cervical cancer of (stages II B to IV A) is chemoradiation (i.e. chemotherapy and radiotherapy), where by cisplatin is used as a radiosensitiser to increase the sensitivity of the cells to radiotherapy before giving radiotherapy.
Since in this question –chemotherapy + ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
6b88fdc4-c9bb-45c3-85e1-3ab05576e47f | What is TRUE about Lovastatin | Inhibits HMG CoA synthetase | Inhibits HMG CoA reductase | Myositis may result from its prolonged use | Decrease synthesis of cholesterol and causes lenticular opacity | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Inhibits HMG CoA reductase 'c' i.e., Myositis results from prolonged use 'd' i.e., Decrease synthesis of cholesterol and cause lenticular opacityLovastatin:Mechanism of actionInhibition of HMGCoA reductase Mode of actionDecreased cholesterol synthesis Increased LDL receptors Lipoproteins affectedLDL- ... | Pharmacology | Hypolipidemic |
5c7764ee-b244-4277-84da-2585dca30644 | Which cancer is most commonly associated with increased estrogen levels? | Cervix | Ovarian | Breast | GTN | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Breast Important risk factors for breast cancer1) Increased age8) High fat diet2) Female sex9) High socioeconomic status3) Western countries10) Irradiation4) Early menarche11) Hormone replacement therapy5) Late menopause12) Family history positive6) Obesity13) Somatic mutation in p53 gene (in 40% case... | Pathology | Female Genital Tract |
15e94c41-2c31-4e05-9a4c-4f2500ee9319 | Which among the following occupation is a risk factor for this presenting illness? | A lifeguard in swimming pool | A poultry worker | Farmer | A kennel worker | 0a | single | Ans. (a) A lifeguard in swimming poolCutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is a clinical syndrome consisting of an erythematous migrating linear or serpiginous cutaneous track;It is also called as creeping eruptionsIndividuals at greatest risk include travelers, children, swimmers in lakes, and laborers whose activities bring ... | Microbiology | Virology |
a66c0e2d-95c7-4ae6-94ef-3f70b612a1d6 | Vaccination causing intussusception is | Rotavirus | Parvovirus | Poliovirus | BCG | 0a | single | Rotavirus vaccination - there is a potentially high risk of intussusception with the first dose when this vaccine is given to infants aged more than 12weeks. Ref: Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine; 23rd edition. | Microbiology | Virology |
85c2c1ef-e36a-4240-bd6c-fb614655b4c9 | Most common cause of urethral stricture is | Trauma | Infection | Congenital | Post endoscopy | 0a | single | Urethral stricture CAUSES The common causes of urethral stricture are: * Inflammatory * Secondary to urethritis * Secondary to balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) * Traumatic (MC) * Bulbar urethral injury * Pelvic fracture urethral disruption injury * Iatrogenic * Secondary to urethral instrumentation including cath- e... | Surgery | Urology |
5fa6fe98-04b1-4380-b01a-5ad1ef2ef021 | Egg on side appearance of heart is seen in the radiograph of? | TAPVC | TGA | ASD | VSD | 1b | single | Ans. (b) TGARef: Sutton 7thed different pages. Pediatrics Radiology: The Requisites by Johan G. Blickman, Bruce R. Parker; M.D. Patrick D. Barnes p-52 | Radiology | Cardiac and Pericardiac Imaging |
8c2244a1-242d-4266-bd4e-1b0ed86a5724 | Which amino acid migrates fastest on paper chromatography on methylcellulose medium? | Aspartic acid | Valine | Lysine | Glycine | 1b | single | Chromatography paper contains about 15-20% water, held to the paper fibers. This water acts as the stationary phase in paper chromatography. Amino acids are separated according to their solubility in the water and in an organic solvent (the mobile phase) moving up the paper. The most non-polar amino acids migrate the f... | Biochemistry | null |
81e801d1-39cc-4d64-ab64-10619c171673 | An eleven year old boy is having tinea capitis on his scalp. The most appropriate line of treatment is – | Oral griseofulvin therapy | Topical griseofulvin therapy | Shaving of the scalp | Selenium sulphide shampoo | 0a | single | Systemic therapy for all dermatophytosis
Terbinafm → DOC
Griseofulvin → 2nd choice
Once the mainstay of systemic therapy for dermatophytic infection, has now replaced by terbinafine. | Dental | null |
ae9c43e2-af3b-412d-a34a-12b769131fb2 | Which of the following metabolic abnormality is seen in multiple myeloma - | Hyponatremia | Hypokalemia | Hypercalcemia | Hyperphosphatemia | 2c | single | Ans: C | Unknown | null |
c4b2c3a1-08bf-446f-8d90-6ce515240968 | IPC 193 is for - | Perjury | Punishment for perjury | Issuing false certificate | Causing disappearance of evidence | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Punishment for perjury Perjury, Hostile witness and false certificate* 191 IPC: (i) Giving false evidence (perjury) under oath and (ii) hostile witness.* 192 IPC: Fabricating false evidence (perjury).* 193 IPC: Punishment for false evidence (punishment for perjury): imprisonment upto 7 years + fine.* ... | Forensic Medicine | Law & Medicine, Identification, Autopsy & Burn |
02d3f297-7d16-40af-982a-c3ec035e7975 | Which of the following types of bronchogenic carcinomas are most likely to develop within a residual area of peripheral scar tissue? | Small-cell carcinoma | Squamous-cell carcinoma | . Large-cell carcinoma | Adenocarcinoma | 3d | multi | Adenocarcinomas are the most common primary lung cancer to develop within an area of peripheral scar. Scar tissue formation may be secondary to previous granulomatous disease (tuberculosis), infarction, or interstitial diseases of the lung associated with fibrosis (e.g., progressive systemic sclerosis). The pathogenesi... | Surgery | null |
4c3e57b3-a083-48ad-94b9-57a768bbf837 | Provison of PHC was done by | Bhore Committee | Chadah Committee | Shrivastava Committee | Bajaj Committee | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e.,Bhore Committe Bhore CommitteIt is also known as 'Health Survey and Development Committee'. Its recommendations were :1) Integration of preventive and curative services at all administration levels2) Sho term and long term recommendationsSho term : PHC to cater to a population of 40,000Long term (3 mil... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
2949e449-38c9-4f18-9e3e-c107a5e10241 | What is the most common malignancy affecting spleen | Angiosarcoma | Hamaoma | Secondaries | Lymphoma | 3d | single | The most common neoplastic tumour is lymphoma(Hodgkin) and the most common benign tumour is a hemangioma, rest like angiosarcoma, secondaries and hamaomas are rare tumours of the spleen. Bailey and love&;s 24 the edition page no. 1091 | Surgery | G.I.T |
d4997c65-4cd7-4838-a990-d823d8c67e4b | A key gluconeogenic amino acid is: | Alanine | Serine | Valine | Tyrosine | 0a | single | Alanine is a key gluconeogenic amino acid. The rate of hepatic gluconeogenesis from alanine is far higher than from all other amino acids. The capacity of the liver for gluconeogenesis from alanine does not reach saturation until the alanine concentration reaches 20 to 30 times its normal physiologic level.
Ref: Harper... | Biochemistry | null |
0ba013b0-d7d2-4620-b17d-e236eff2bbd1 | NARP syndrome is seen in | A. Mitochondrial diseases | B. Glycogen storage diseases | C. Lysosomal storage diseases | D. Lipid storage diseases | 0a | single | NARP syndrome (neuropathy ,ataxia, & retinitis pigmentosa) is a condition related to changes in mitochondrial DNA Refer Harrison 17/316-317 Robbins 8/1328 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
38219c20-a4c7-4b9b-a7de-2d6a84c2f163 | Most common post splenectomy infection is: | Pneumococcus | Meningococcus | Staphy lococcus | Corynebacterium | 0a | single | Pneumococcus | Microbiology | null |
dd15f11d-78d3-4937-98b0-16af19db9191 | Hand signs of liver cell failure are all except? | Palmar erythema | Clubbing | Dupuytren's contracture | Splinter hemorrhages | 3d | multi | The hand manifestations of CLD consist of: Spider naevi (invariably on the upper half of the body), Palmar erythema (mottled redness of the thenar & hypothenar eminences) Dupuytren's contractures Clubbing. | Medicine | Cirrhosis |
e6ab0bd7-9762-44a7-87dc-020f53fe8f4c | Membranous urethral rupture causes collection of blood in - | Ischiorectal fossa | Deep perineal pouch | Superficial inguinal region | Pelvic diaphragm | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Deep perineal pouch | Surgery | null |
721896e1-42f1-4ba5-b5b3-b9f8f528b108 | Function of peroxisomes is: | Generate hydrogen peroxide | Degrade hydrogen peroxide | Both | None | 2c | multi | Peroxisomes are associated with: Production of peroxides and degradation of peroxides | Anatomy | General anatomy |
48fc95d5-b54d-456e-a4dd-e110387c4aab | Protrusion of tongue not possible in damage of ? | Styloglossus | Hyoglossus | Palatoglossus | Genioglossus | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd i.e., Genioglossus | Anatomy | null |
80540eb0-f1ba-479b-91d9-315c407c1db8 | Which disease doesn't require chemoprophylaxis? | Measles | Conjunctivitis | Cholera | Malaria | 0a | single | Measles prevention is only by immunisation and vaccination. No chemoprophylaxis(Ref.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21st Edition page no.136) | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
f068a90e-be9d-484d-93e1-1fa7718f8742 | Alpha la adrenergic blocker giving symptomatic relief in BPH? | Tamsulosin | Prazosin | Oxazocin | Dolazoline | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) TamsulosinREF: KDT 7th ed p. 135, Goodman Gillman s 11th ed p. 173Tamsulosin:This unselective alpha! ./alpha blocker has been found to be as effective as terazocin for symptomatic control of BPHPrazosin: blocks all subtypes of alpha receptors equally, used for symptomatic control of BPH Terazosin: long acti... | Pharmacology | Anti Adrenergic System |
ec5bbaf3-f792-4643-87a0-172b1ae93dd6 | True about glycolysis are all except ? | Provide nutrition to cancer cells | Substrate level phosphorylation at pyruvate kinase | Two carbon end product is formed | NADPH is formed by glyceraldhyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Two carbon end product is formed Impoant facts about glycolysis An impoant biochemical significance is the ability of glycolysis to provide ATP in the absence of oxygen (anerobic glycolysis) and allows tissues to survive anoxic episodes. It occurs in cytosol 3 Carbon atoms end product (pyruvate or lac... | Biochemistry | null |
c2c522e9-595e-4327-a763-7eb93c7fcb88 | A 68-year-old male is brought to the outpatient by his wife due to increasing forgetfulness. On taking history in details, wife repoed that for around 6 months patient is having trouble in organising the finances and paying bills, something he has done all his life. He has also become withdrawn and has decreased meetin... | Alzheimer disease | Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease | Dementia with Lewy bodies | Frontotemporal dementia | 3d | multi | The history is suggestive of executive dysfunction (trouble in organising the finances and paying bills), apathy and disinhibition (decreased socialisation and inappropriate behaviour with women), lack of insight (denies having any problem) and memory disturbances. This is suggestive of frontotemporal dementia, in whic... | Psychiatry | Organic Mental Disorders |
d65aa85f-a8cb-4ec2-bac2-dd60e3b71e91 | Which is the anesthetic agent of choice in a case of status asthmaticus? | Ketamine | Thiopentone | Ether | Nitrous Oxide | 0a | single | Ketamine along with adjunctive therapy is the standard therapy in the treatment of children with status asthmaticus and impending respiratory failure. Ketamine cause bronchodilation through the inhibition of vagal tone, release of endogenous catecholamines and by direct muscle relaxation. | Anaesthesia | null |
00df1399-fbd8-4c08-a065-e8d70301270b | In starvation activities of all of the following enzyme is increased except ? | Pyruvate carboxylase | Pyruvate kinase | PEP carboxykinase | Glucose 6 phosphatase | 1b | multi | In starvation activity of all enzymes responsible for gluconeogenesis are increased.
Pyruvate kinase is the enzyme of glycolysis. Activity of enzymes of glycolysis are suppressed in starvation. So pyruvate kinase activity is suppressed in starvation.
All other enzymes given in this question are gluconeogenic
enzyme who... | Unknown | null |
f9265d72-9be4-4de6-b409-52cd81663674 | A 22 year old man had a Beef sandwich and Potato salad. He Vomited 2 hours after the meal. What is the probable diagnosis | S. aureus poisoning | Bacillus cereus poisoning | Clostridial poisonong | Helicobacter pylori poisoning | 0a | single | Preformed toxin of S. aureus causes nausea within 1-6 hours of ingestion.
Common food associated are: Poultry, potato and egg salad. | Medicine | null |
0137d79b-5dab-4d10-8025-54d4320c6508 | The most potent drugs to reduce plasma cholesterol level are: | Plant sterols | Fibrates | Anion exchange resins | Statins | 3d | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
1a5d2120-82c3-4fca-b575-b773993b55c0 | Which of the following is an alkaloid | Morphine | Neostigmine | Emetine | Atropine | 1b | single | Neostigmine, sold under the brand name Prostigmin among others, is a medication used to treat myasthenia gravis, Ogilvie syndrome, and urinary retention without the presence of a blockage. It is also used together with atropine to end the effects of neuromuscular blocking medication of the non-depolarizing type. Refer ... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
3eb968f4-8a7f-46a9-8aab-03c9631fcf1b | The incubation period of mumps is- | 1 -2 weeks | 2-3 weeks | 3-4 weeks | 4-5 weeks | 1b | single | Incubation period of mumps is 2-3 wks Ref Harrison20th edition pg 897 | Medicine | Infection |
db5f0cb3-4db8-402c-92e2-028d7e41f7e7 | During a hysterectomy and an oophorectomy, the uterine and ovarian vessels must be ligated. These vessels can be found in which ligaments? | Broad and ovarian | Broad and suspensory | Round and ovarian | Round and suspensory | 1b | single | The uterine vessels are found in the inferior poion of the broad ligament, while the ovarian vessels are found in the suspensory ligaments of the ovaries. The suspensory ligaments of the ovaries are peritoneal folds covering ovarian aeries , veins, nerves, and lymphatics as the structures pass over the pelvic brim to r... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
6459cbf2-9cb5-4d04-bfc3-f75278df9306 | A 10-year-old male child with sho stature presented to the pediatric OPD with complaints of frequent headaches over the past 6 months along with slowly progressive loss of vision of the right eye. Lately the child has also staed having trouble in walking along with frequent mood changes and excessive thirst. MRI brain ... | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Melanoma | Neuroblastoma | CML | 0a | multi | This is a case of Craniopharyngioma. Benign tumour Arise in sellar/suprasellar region Arise from vestigial remnants of Rathke's pouch Bimodal age distribution Presents with headache and visual disturbance May present with sho stature due to GH deficiency (Pituitary hypofunction). Most commonly due to abnormalities in W... | Unknown | Integrated QBank |
1f278c06-d2bf-41ec-be34-690107f150f9 | Fatty acid present in breast milk which is important for growth and CNS development is: | Docosahexaenoic acid | Palmitic acid | Linoleic acid | Linolenic acid | 0a | single | Ans. A. Docosahexaenoic acidDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid found in breast milk that plays a role in neurodevelopment. Breast milk DHA concentration is influenced by DHA in the mother's diet. | Pediatrics | Nutrition |
72f98331-484c-46c5-acd5-8f267f35471c | The commonest cause of limp in a child of seven years is - | T.B. hip | C.D.H | Perthe's disease | Slipped upper femoral epiphysis | 2c | single | The most common cause of limp in a child between 3-10 years is transient synovitis of hip.
However, among the given options Perthe's disease is the best answer as Perthes disease is the second most common cause of limp in a child between 5-10 years. | Orthopaedics | null |
f6d8a925-07c5-4d4c-88d2-ff9d41d960a5 | A 64-year-old lady Kamla complains of severe unilateral headache on the right side and blindness for 2 days. On examination, there is a thick cord-like structure on the lateral side of the head. The ESR is 80 mm / hr. in the first hour. The most likely diagnosis is : | Temporal arteritis | A migraine | Cluster headache | Sinusitis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e.,. Temporal Arteritis The symptom and the laboratory examination of the patients almost confirm the diagnosis of temporal arteritis.This question has been asked too frequently in various PGME examination you are required to be well versed with the differential diagnosis of a headache.Let's see the diagn... | Unknown | null |
b96d7fdd-45c3-4d6e-90ef-bc406926908b | Half–life of lithium is: | 8 hours | 16 hours | 24 hours | 36 hours | 2c | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
a43d1445-5179-42a6-ab42-f912910cc947 | A 44-year-old patient comes to his primary care physician complaining of double vision. On examination, he is unable to adduct or abduct his right eye- On further examination, he is also found to be unable to adduct his left eye. The remainder of the physical examination is normal.
which of the following is the most l... | Left abducens nerve | Left abducens nucleus and left medial longitudinal fasciculus | Right abducens nerve | Right abducens nucleus and right medial longitudinal fasciculus | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
bdb318ff-7fe0-4ac5-b1bd-45ea0d21e3b6 | An 85 years old man underwent transurethral resection of prostate. A histological examination of his specimen showed T1a stage of adenocarcinoma: management will be: | Endocrine therapy | Radical surgery | Hormone therapy | No fuher treatment | 3d | single | Management of CA prostate- T1a- observation+ Follow up (DRE+ PSA)- T1b, T1c, T2* > 70 years - Observation + follow up* < 70 years - Radical prostectomy Or RadiotherapyT3, T4 * Hormone therapy > Palliative radiotherapy* Bilateral Orchidectomy + Flutamide* LHRH Agonist (Goserelin, Leuperolide) + Flutamide- Goserelin -Rec... | Surgery | Prostate and seminal vesicles |
b2f17630-fca5-4877-8e6d-89d5a26f3829 | Ulnar nerve supplies all except- | Adductor pollicis | Abductor digiti minimi | Interossei | 1st & 2nd lumbricals | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 1st & 2nd lumbricals Nerve supply of intrinsic muscles of HandThenar muscleso Abductor pollicis brevis. Flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis - Median nerveo Adductor pollicis - Deep branch of ulnar nerveHypothenar muscleso Abductor digiti minimi, Flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi - Dee... | Anatomy | Nerves of Upper Extremity |
c12f99d7-f993-4384-8330-f5b2e9a18e5c | Which of the gene is most often implicated in congenital cataract and alpha crystallin mutation? | GLC3A | PAX6 | PITX2 | CRYAA | 3d | multi | CRYAA is implicated in congenital cataract and alpha crystallin mutation. | Ophthalmology | Cataract |
dfb7bf91-be8a-4b4a-93bf-cc85bae1f43f | According to WHO guideline, all are indications for hospital admission in Pneumonia except | Convulsions | Persistent vomiting | Chest indrawing | Severe malnutrition | 2c | multi | Child with chest indrawing ⇒ Pneumonia ⇒ Oral Amoxycillin
Rest are danger signs ⇒ Severe Pneumonia ⇒ Referal to hospital. | Pediatrics | null |
c19add0c-c0d2-469f-9b8b-2d5521c2b638 | Naltrexone is used to maintain abstinence following opioid withdrawal in addicts. It blocks all of the following featues of opioid use, except - | Euphoriant effects of opioids | Craving for opioids | Miosis | Respiratory depression | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Craving for opioids o Naltrexone can reverse all effects of opioids like sedation, analgesia, constipation, respiratory depression and miosis, but it does not reduce craving. "Craving for opioids may continue during naltrexone treatment" Principles of addiction medicine o It is interesting to know tha... | Pharmacology | null |
61101eb1-e9ca-4553-a8d3-e88dc64822cb | Causing hu by means of poison, etc with an intent to commit an offence is punishable under | Sec. 328 IPC | Sec.326 A IPC | Sec.327 IPC | Sec. 329 IPC | 0a | single | - Sec. 328 IPC - Causing hu by means of poison, etc with an intent to commit an offence shall be Punishment is imprisonment upto 10 years and also fine. - Sec.326 A IPC - voluntarily causing grievous hu by means of acid - Sec.327 IPC - voluntarily causing hu to exto propey - Sec. 329 IPC - voluntarily causing grievous ... | Forensic Medicine | Indian Legal system, Legal sections & Cou procedures |
926e9e5a-3041-4194-834a-912da7d0e5a2 | All of the following are precipitating factor for hepatic encephalopathy in patients with chronic liver disease except | Hypokalemia | Hyponatremia | Hypoxia | Metabolic acidosis | 3d | multi | Answer is D (Metabolic acidosis): Hepatic encephalopathy is precipitated by metabolic alkalosis and not by metabolic acidosis. Electrolyte and Metabolic imbalances that precipitate Hepatic Encephalopathy Hypokalemia Alkaosis (Metabolic Alkalosis) Hypoxia Hyponatremia | Medicine | null |
d5bae941-204d-4b71-b5d6-3364f4b41375 | DIC is seen most commonly seen in which ANIL type? | M2 | M3 | M4 | M5 | 1b | single | Answer is option 2 M3 DIC is common, especially in M3, with prolonged prothrombin time, low levels of fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products (FDPs) present. myeloid luekemia. | Pathology | Haematology |
b46fdf56-8165-424e-aa70-2d8e3342bf52 | Aspirin is contraindicated in? | Fever | Peptic ulcer | Unstable angina | Myalgia | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Peptic ulcer Contraindications of Aspirin Peptic ulcer Prostaglandin has cytoprotective function for gastric mucosa by inhibiting acid secretion and promoting secretion of mucus. Aspirin inhibits synthesis of cytoprotective PG -3 bleeding & perforation may occur. Children with chicken pox & influenza ... | Pharmacology | null |
f3ac6c89-6b79-4199-b4cd-f3320777bd03 | In the international death ceificate, one of the following is not true- | Pa I of the ceificate deals with the immediate cause only | Pa I of of the ceificate deals with the immediate cause and also the underlying cause | Pa II records significantly associated diseases | The ceificate has been recommended by the WHO for international use | 0a | multi | ref: Park&;s 23rd edition pg 56 International Death Ceificate: Recommended by WHO for international use. 2 pas: PA 1: deals with immediate cause, and the underlying cause which staed the whole trend of events leading to death. The underlying cause of death is reccorded on line (c). PA 2: any significant associated dise... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
89325751-0142-4585-aaff-5821e3839742 | Semicircular canals are stimulated by: | Gravity | Linear acceleration | Rotation | Sound | 2c | single | Semicircular canals contain cristae which sense angular or rotational acceleration | ENT | Anatomy of Inner Ear |
c73b027a-2655-46e3-b2dd-45c618bcc1d5 | Which is true regarding ovary: | Mesovarium contains ovarian vessels | Ovarian ligament connects ovaries to uterus | Ovarian fossa is related to ilioinguinal | Suspensory ligament of ovary connects ovaries to uterus | 1b | multi | Ans. is b i.e. Ovarian ligament connects ovar ovaries to uterus.REMEMBERMesovarium connects ovary posteriorly to the broad ligament.Ovarian ligament connects ovary to uterus (option b)Suspensory ligament or infundibulopelvic ligament connects ovary to lateral pelvic wall.Ovarian vessels and nerves are present in suspen... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological Anatomy |
b5995935-1945-42d4-abab-eefd51264856 | Vitamin K dependent coagulation factors include | II and III | IX and X | III and V | VIII and XII | 1b | single | Vitamin K is an essential factor to a liver carboxylase that adds a carboxyl group to glutamic acid residues on five of the impoant clotting factors: prothrombin, Factor VII, Factor IX, Factor X, and protein C.Ref: Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 13th edition. Page: 490 | Physiology | Cardiovascular system |
d43669d3-ef22-4e81-ade1-38fe3c80d444 | Cells are most radio-resistant in | S phase | M phase | G1 phase | G2 phase | 0a | single | Cell cycle Correct sequence: G0-G1-S-G2-M Most impoant checkpoint: G1-S Cellular content doubled in: S phase Cyclins D,E,A,B appears sequentially Cyclin D - first to increase in cell cycle Cyclin D - controls G1-S transition P16 (CDKN2A), P53& RB - Induce cell cycle arrest at G1-S Cyclin B - controls G2-M transition Fi... | Pathology | General pathology |
880ae4ba-25ac-459d-a968-ae3b73ff5fc6 | Useful diagnostic studies in the evaluation of upper-extremity pain include all of the following, EXCEPT? | Cervical spine x-ray | Chest X-ray | Neural conduction studies of the median nerve | Adson's test | 3d | multi | Pain in the upper extremity may be of musculoskeletal or neurologic origin. Compression of the nerves supplying the upper extremity can occur at various levels from the spinal cord all the way down to the fingers. Cervical spine x-ray is helpful for detecting bony abnormalities, which may cause nerve compression. Panco... | Anatomy | null |
6ed3224a-48d6-40ac-8257-02cc32b89e23 | Which of following is the feature of Y chromosome? | Acrocentric | Telocentric | Submetacentric | Metacentric | 0a | single | A normal chromosome appear constricted at the centromere, this divides each chromosome into two arms. The sho arm is designated as p arm and the long arm is designated as q. Ref: Primate Anatomy: An Introduction By Friderun Ankel-Simon, 3rd Edition, Page 552 ; Clinical Laboratory Medicine By Kenneth D. McClatchey 2nd E... | Anatomy | null |
1ad07ab1-92bb-46c4-a7b5-bb319c05e303 | Calcification of interveebral disc is seen in - | Gout | Rheumatoid ahritis | Alkaptonuria | Psoriasis | 2c | single | Interveebral disc calcification seen in : Ochronosis /Alkaptonuria Ankylosing spondylitis Pseudogout Hemochromatosis Hypervitaminosis D Transient interveebral disc calcification Juvenile chronic ahritis Hyperparathyroidism Amyloidosis Poliomyelitis Acromegaly | Radiology | Skeletal system |
fb18b4d4-bc87-4c42-8fd9-e084c0f7f2b7 | A 70 - year old male presents with a C/O fatigue & jaundice. There is no H/O alcohol or liver disease. The liver and spleen are nonpalpable. He has a normocytic, normochromic anemia. The first step in evaluation of this patient is | CT scan of the abdomen | Hepatitis profile | LFT | Abdominal ultrasound | 2c | multi | The first step in evaluating patient with asymptomatic jaundice is to determine whether the increased bilirubin, as evidenced by scleral icterus, is conjugated or unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Patients with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia do not have bilirubin in their urine because unconjugated bilirubin (bound to ... | Surgery | null |
bae7d2c4-9b99-4430-b7a6-130821e5f863 | Normal turnover rate of epidermis: | 2 weeks | 4 weeks | 6 weeks | 8 weeks | 3d | single | Epidermal turnover time - skin doubling time -Time taken by keratinocytes to move from Stratum Basale to environment. -Around 14 days are required to move from Stratum Basale to reach lowermost layer of Stratum Corneum & 14 days to cross Stratum Corneum. -Sloughing off requires 28 days So total ETT =56 days (8 weeks) T... | Dental | Layers of epidermis, dermis |
fbfe0884-8400-4d65-94e7-83a076275f8e | Which one of the following describes the flavouring substance asafoetida (Fling)? | Dried leaf extract | Exudate from chopped roots | Pith of stem boiled and dried | Dried and hardened paste of fruit | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Exudate from chopped roots | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
9b04ce12-b330-46ae-94e4-fa1de80c9ebd | Anion gap is increased in all except: September 2009 | Ureterostomy | Ethylene glycol | Methylene glycol | Diabetic ketoacidosis | 0a | multi | Ans. A: Ureterostomy | Medicine | null |
3c3d9c6f-a887-44d5-b8bd-3a141c2ef245 | Hypopituitarism in the adult is usually due to infarction of the pituitary called as: | Simmonds’ diseases | Hilton's disease | Wilson disease | Addison disease | 0a | multi | Hypopituitarism in the adult is usually due to an infarction of the pituitary called Simmonds’ disease.
It is characterized by loss of weight and diminished sexual function. The basal metabolic rate is markedly lowered, and since Simmonds’ disease represents a panhypopituitarism, there is a decrease in the activity o... | Pathology | null |
7d82f68a-0eca-45b1-8416-517eda2b1d63 | During diastole, arterial pressure is maintained by | Elastic recoil of aorta | Musculature of arteries | Constriction of capillaries | Contraction of left ventricle | 0a | single | null | Physiology | null |
82ad2997-b4fb-4e6b-ba46-9f8f89533d15 | Vesicular lesions, indistinguishable from primary infection, which arise in other pas of the body of an allergic individual infected with Trichophyton are referred to as | Dermatiphytids | Trichophytins | Eschars | Carbuncles | 0a | multi | Dermatiphytids - Hypersensitivity to dermatophyte antigen may occur which leads to appearence of secondary eruption in sensitized patients because of circulation of allergic products. These lesions are indistinguishable , but these lesions are distinct from the primary ringworm lesion as they occur distal to primary si... | Microbiology | Mycology |
2af27555-a585-41f3-bb0a-5dc47a4389eb | In which of the following condition serum ascites-to-albumin gradient is > 1.1 | Nephrotic syndrome | Pancreatitis | Peritoneal carcinomatosis | Budd chiari syndrome | 3d | single | The development of the serum ascites-to-albumin gradient (SAAG) has replaced the description of exudative or transudative fluid. When the gradient between the serum albumin level and the ascitic fluid albumin level is >1.1 g/dL, the cause of the ascites is most likely due to poal hypeension; this is usually in the sett... | Medicine | Nutrition |
e2547915-23cc-46fe-ba40-e174e7a1ee87 | Regarding autoimmune hemolytic anemia in pregnancy all are true except | Direct coombs test is usually positive | Pregnancy accelerates hemolysis | Usually does not respond to steroids | Fetal michrochimerism results in aberrant antibody production | 2c | multi | During pregnancy, autoimmune hemolytic anaemia usually responds to prednisolone. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
2f8274f0-571b-45c3-b659-96f1e775c238 | AIDS day is: September 2004 | 7 April | 3-May | 5-Jun | 1-Dec | 3d | single | Ans. D i.e. 1 December | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
8938a363-bbbd-4803-b642-668bf411a632 | The strength attained by amalgam within 8 hours is | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% | 1b | single | The strength attained by amalgam within 8 hours is 70%.
Reference: Phillip’s Science of Dental Materials, Pg-353 | Dental | null |
ca9573d1-628b-41dc-ae29-7504f151c923 | All are cause of Respiratory distress in newborn and Ipsilateral shift of mediastinum | Alelectasis | Lung collapse | Pulmonary hypoplasia | Hyaline membrane disease | 3d | multi | No mediastinal shift in hyaline membrane disease. | Radiology | null |
6c7333fe-f4a7-4348-8d85-1e4a688bf885 | A non diabetic, non hypertensive patient has some extra beats in pulse. Doctor informed that is benign and no intervention required. But patient is worried that it is a serious cardiac disorder and is still going for repeated investigation & going from doctor to doctor. This is a type of: | Conversion disorder | Hypochondriosis | Somatization | Depression | 1b | single | Interpretation of benign symptom (extra beats) as a serious illness (cardiac disorder) is suggestive of Hypochondriosis. | Psychiatry | null |
0ee3c4b9-838c-4cb3-84b4-394d0328f0b3 | Ascorbic acid is a potent enhancer of iron absorption because it: | Enhances the absorption of heme iron | Enhances the activity of heme oxygenase | Is a reducing agent, thereby helping to keep iron in the ferrous state | Decreases the production of ferritin by enterocytes | 2c | single | Ans. C. Is a reducing agent, thereby helping to keep iron in the ferrous stateAscorbic acid enhances iron absorption mostly by its reducing capacity, keeping iron in the ferrous state. Ascorbic acid does not enhance heme iron absorption, nor does it affect heme oxygenase activity or the production of ferritin or transf... | Physiology | Misc. |
572f1e60-d4de-4ba0-95f8-9a8daea9bc84 | Most common cause of unilateral proptosis is | Thyrotoxicosis | Retinoblastoma | Intraocular haemorrhage | Raised intracranial tension | 0a | single | A i.e. Thyrotoxicosis Grave's ophthalmopathy is most common cause of U/L or B/L proptosis in adults Q between age of 25-50 yrsQ | Ophthalmology | null |
78e10b6f-d2a8-439c-b5a5-be9044e57c8d | Powders of dental plaster and dental stone differ
mainly in: | Solubility | Shelf life | Chemical formula | Particle porosity | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
d106f34f-e225-4f44-b0fe-f8396edb8366 | Macrophage is - | Monocytes | Eosinophils | Neutrophils | Lymphocytes | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a'i.e., Monocytes o The monocytes migrate to tissues and become part of the tissue (fixed) macrophages.o Blood macrophages - Monocyteso Tissue macrophages - HistiocytesTissue macrophages (histiocytes) in different tissue are mentioned below -o Lung: 'Alveolar macrophages' or 'Dust' cellso Placenta: Hoffbauer c... | Pathology | Cell and Tissue Regeneration |
3b5dbd14-6150-4279-a72f-366177887fad | INH induced neuropathy is treated with | Thiamine | Pyridoxine | Niacin | Riboflavin | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
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