id
stringlengths
36
36
question
stringlengths
1
1.57k
opa
stringlengths
1
287
opb
stringlengths
1
287
opc
stringlengths
1
286
opd
stringlengths
1
301
cop
class label
4 classes
choice_type
stringclasses
2 values
exp
stringlengths
1
22.5k
subject_name
stringclasses
21 values
topic_name
stringlengths
3
135
6533a844-14ba-4862-9c5d-a761c7a5b454
A 38-year-old woman complains to her physician of chronic pelvic pain that is much worse during her menstrual periods. Pelvic examination demonstrates an enlarged uterus with multiple palpable masses. Ultrasound shows that a large number of ball-like masses up to 6 cm diameter are present in the uterus. Most cases of t...
Intramurally in the cervix of the uterus
Intramurally in the fundus or body of the uterus
Submucosally in the cervix of the uterus
Submucosally in the fundus or body of the uterus
1b
multi
The vast majority of leiomyomas are found in the uterine fundus or body; with only 3% being found in the cervix. Of the leiomyomas in the fundus or body, 95% are intramural, with the remainder being located subserosally or submucosally.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
9d56662a-e7c1-49ec-aaff-1a766fe9d442
A 9-month-old girl is brought with PR bleed, vomiting, mass in right lumbar region with masked liver dullness. She is in shock like condition. Management should include all of the following EXCEPT?
Barium enema
IV fluid
Give O2
Nasogastric tube
0a
multi
* In patients with prolonged intussusception with signs of shock, peritoneal irritation, intestinal perforation, reduction (with barium, saline or air) should not be attempted * Urgent laprotomy should be planned * But the first priority is urgent resuscitation ie A, B, C (airway, breathing, circulation). Hence in case...
Pediatrics
Disorders of Gastrointestinal System Including Diarrhea
1eaf51d2-d11e-4635-b647-c84deef15b97
Which of the following is not a feature of consolidation
Increased vocal resonance
Dull Percussion note
Bronchial Breath sounds
Tracheal shift to side of consolidation
3d
single
Answer is D (Tracheal shift to side of consolidation): Trachea stays in midline in consolidation (no mediastinal shift). Consolidation is usually caused by pneumonia. In this situation alveoli are full of inflammatory exudates but the size of the lung is unaffected so the trachea remains in its normal midline position.
Medicine
null
b276f941-a708-4910-b24b-4d9e038fa10b
Cadaveric position of vocal cords ?
Midline
1.5 mm from midline
3.5 mm from midline
7.5 mm from midline
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., 3.5 mm from midline Position of vocal cords The position of the vocal cords may be described as being in various positions. These are : ? 1. Median position The vocal cords are in midline. This is the position of normal larynx during phonation and in recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. 2. Paramedian posi...
ENT
null
62bf7e0c-1e12-4d5b-be73-a1f150953ee2
Which one of the following phenomena is closely associated with slow wave sleep:
Dreaming
Atonia
Sleep walking
Irregular hea rate
2c
single
C i.e. Sleep walking
Physiology
null
b4499541-3fb7-497d-8ddb-1a01b7070556
2-year-old child presents with sho stature and cafe-au lait spots. Bone marrow aspiration yields a little material and mostly containing fat. What is your diagnosis:
Fanconi anemia
Dyskeratosis congenita
Tuberous sclerosis
Osteogenesis imperfecta
0a
single
- All features given in the question suggests the diagnosis of Fanconi anemia Common physical findings in Fanconi Anemia (FA): - Skin pigment changes including Cafe-au-lait spots (55% cases) - Sho stature (in 50% cases) - Microcephaly - Thumb and radial malformations - Renal and cardiac malformations - Hypogonadism - A...
Pediatrics
Aplastic anemia
f5f68884-783c-4d79-bdbe-c4c530e93d60
The following statements are true regarding Chlamydia except:
Erthromycin is effective for therapy of Chamydial infections
Their cell wall lacks a peptidoglycan layer
They can grow in cell free culture media
They are obligate intracellular bacteria
2c
multi
Unique properties of Chlamydia are Chlamydia is an obligate intracellular parasite. This means they can survive only by establishing residence inside Animal cells They need their host's ATP as an energy source for their own cellular activity. They are energy parasites using a Cell membrane transport system that uses AT...
Microbiology
null
78ff9b75-1a94-42c6-bd4c-050178f9c668
Which of the following tests is best for differentiating ACTH secreting pituitary tumour from Ectopic ACTH production?
24 hour Urinary free coisol
Overnight dexamethasone suppression test
Low dose dexamethasone suppression test
High dose dexamethasone suppression test
3d
single
24 hour urinary coisol levels are elevated in both subsets: ACTH secreting pituitary tumour and Ectopic ACTH secretion. Overnight Dexamethasone suppression test involves overnight 1mg dexamethasone tablet and measurement of 8am morning serum or urinary coisol. It is used to diagnose hypercoisolism but cannot identify e...
Medicine
Cushing Syndrome
b8dc2052-eadc-4424-8605-dfcda27f76a1
Forceps delivery is done in all except:
Mentoposterior
Deep transverse arrest
After coming head
Maternal heart disease
0a
multi
Option ‘a’ Mentoposterior: Before going on to mentoposterior, lets see mentoanterior. Mentoanterior ​Dutta Obs. 7/e, p 390 In mentoanterior face presentation there is place for spontaneous vaginal delivery and liberal episiotomy is all that is required. In case of delay, forceps delivery is done. In mentoposterior: 20 ...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
6b4bcf23-327e-462a-8d79-d800eaff5e89
Pentamidine therapy causes all, EXCEPT ?
Upper lobe infiltrates
Cavitation
Extrathoracic manifestation
None
3d
multi
Ans. is None o Patients who receive aerosolized pentamidine have increased frequency of upper lobe infiltrates. Pneumothorax also occurs. o Risk factor for extrapulmonary spread in patients with HIV is the administration of aerosolized pentamidine. o In patients with PCP who have been receiving aerosolized pentamidine ...
Pharmacology
null
73dff7b3-fbaa-4303-a02b-c2ead9458c6b
True about hepatitis C virus are all except -
Most common cause of chronic infection
Has live attenuated vaccine
Spread by blood transfusion
Is a flavivirus
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b1 i.e., Has live attenuated vaccineHEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV)o The hepatitis 'C' virus has been classified as a new' genus Hepacivirus in the family flaviviridae.o The virus can not be cultured but can be cloned in Escherichia coli.o It is the commonest cause of post transfusion hepatitis and chronic hepatitis.o...
Microbiology
Hepatitis Viruses
bb59359b-4da4-406d-93a9-147d2d7dab9c
In IMNCI, pneumonia is classified by-
Fast breathing
Wheezing
Fever
Chest indrawing
0a
single
null
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
2735f98e-fbd5-44a2-ac6b-c56b745d5c13
Digestion of disaccharides occurs at ?
Mouth
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Small intestine Digestion of disaccharides (maltose, sucrose and lactose) occurs by the enzymes present in brush border os small intestinal epithelial cells. Maltase (a-glucosidase) breaks 1: 4 linkages in maltose and maltotriose and releases glucose (two molecules of glucose from maltose and three mo...
Physiology
null
2c676972-bd4f-4a3c-b082-2af34b86c74c
A 30 year old female patient complains of painless hard anterior neck mass. FNAC was inconclusive. Open thyroid biopsy was performed which revealed the fibrous nature of the mass, woody, non tender thyroid, mimicking carcinoma is observed. The diagnosis points towards
De Quervain's thyroiditis
Riedel's thyroiditis
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
None of the above
1b
multi
null
Surgery
null
b6ef3522-a092-4dcc-a3ac-a3a116737c97
A person's X-ray chest showing homogenous opacity on right side with shifting of mediastinum on opposite side. Most probable diagnosis is/are:
Collapse
Pleural effusion
Pneumothorax
Consolidation
1b
single
Answer- (B) Pleural effusionPneumonectomy chest (Early sip: within 24 hr): Paial filling of thorax, ipsilateral mediastinal shift & diaphragmatic elevation.Homogenous opacityShift of mediastinum to the opposite sideConcave upper border (Ellis's curve)
Medicine
null
653e3d8c-294d-4b1f-b906-70910858c356
All of the following causes coloured halos except
Corneal edema
Retinal degeneration
Foreign body
Steroids
1b
multi
Halos can sometimes be a normal response to bright lights. Halos can also be caused by wearing eyeglasses or corrective lenses (contact lenses), or they can be a side effect of cataract or LASIK surgery. ... Thehalos are a result in diffraction of light entering your eye
Ophthalmology
Miscellaneous
0cc45da7-d0cb-41ba-83b3-017004d97f6d
Which of the following is not a function of liver ?
Production of albumin
Detoxification of ammonia
Production of vitamin K
Metabolism of drugs
2c
single
Ans. (c) Production of vitamin KRef: Robbin's pathology 9th ed. Z821* Vitamin K is produced by the bacteria of gut and is used by liver for gamma carboxylation of factor 2/7/9/10.# Liver produces albumin which falls in liver cirrhosis producing ascites/edema.# Ammonia is combined with carbon dioxide to produce urea whi...
Pathology
Liver
b51cbca7-30ed-4bf0-8394-7f631badc598
An elderly woman suffering from schizophrenia is on antipsychotic medication. She developed purposeless involuntary facial and limb movements, constant chewing and puffing of cheeks. Which of the following drugs is least likely to be involved in this side effect -
Haloperidol
Clozapine
Fluphenazine
Loxapine
1b
single
Purposeless involuntary facial and limb movements, constant chewing and puffing of checks suggest the diagnosis of tardive dyskinesia (an extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotics). Clozapine does not produce extrapyramidal side effects.
Psychiatry
null
f87e8b2f-c2e9-464e-a3ec-57a34b4214c4
Cluster testing is used in the detection of-
STD
Diabetes
Measles
Cancer
0a
single
.Cluster testing is used in the detection of of STD S.here the patients are asked to name other persons of either sex ho move in the same socio-sexual environment.these persons are then screened .this technique ha been shown almost to double the number of cases found ref:park&;s textbook,ed22,pg no 312
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
c48cb327-9a3e-4fe4-a50b-123bb5f3241a
Ethmoidal polyp is ?
Due to infection
Single
Recurrent
Occurs in children
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Recurrent
ENT
null
89f42e2a-0429-4162-b3d2-e5ca9b538ca1
Which of the following is not seen in Tuberous sclerosis ?
Shagreen patch
Adenoma sebacecum
McCollon Plaques
Depigmented nevi
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., McCollon Plaques
Pathology
null
51d51590-d9b3-4798-9262-b8121e401a38
A 35 yr old pregnant female at 40 weeks gestational age presents with pain and regular uterine contractions every 4-5min . On arrival the patient is in a lot of pain and requesting relief immediately. Her cervix is 5 cm dilated. What is most appropriate method of pain control for this patient
Intramuscular morphine
Pudendal block
Local block
Epidural block
3d
single
When complete relief of pain is needed throughout labor epidural analgesia is safest and simplest
Anatomy
General obstetrics
4f6b0e9a-94db-43d0-a155-b839e77bd5ae
Schistosomiasis is an example of -
Meta-zoonoses
Cyclo-zoonoses
Direct-zoonoses
Sporo-zoonoses
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Meta-zoonoses Zoonoseso Zoonoses are diseases and infections which are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animal and man.o The zoonoses may be classified according to the direction of transmission of disease : -AnthropozoonosesInfection is transmitted to man from lower vertebrate animals.Example...
Microbiology
Helminthology
5499cbaa-2581-4f4a-a2f1-81fca6237d53
Treatment of hydatid cyst
Excision of cyst
Percutaneous drainage
Conservative management
None
1b
multi
Puncture - aspiration- injection -reaspiration (PAIR) done percutaneously because it is safe, less invasive, easier to do with low morbidity and moality. Reference: SRB 5th edition page no. 604
Surgery
G.I.T
e4d302b1-ce02-4108-91b0-b2b39562f2ce
The structure damaged in the given condition is responsible for all except:
Taste sensation of ant 2/3rd tongue
Lacrimal gland secretion
Parotid gland secretion
Platysma contraction
2c
multi
The condition given here is Bell's palsy i.e. LMN (lower motor neuron) lesion of Facial nerve . In this the ipsilateral half of the face is affected. The facial nerve emerges from the pons of the brainstem, controls: Muscles of facial expression, and Carries taste sensations from the anterior two-third of the tongue (c...
Anatomy
Neuroanatomy, Head and Neck
004235a3-b8b2-4093-8459-3ce376674d79
H. pylori has been implicated in all, except
Gastric ulcer
Gastric carcinoma
Gastric lymphoma
GIST
3d
multi
H pylori infection is almost always present in the setting of active chronic gastritis and is present in most patients with duodenal (80% to 95%) and gastric (60% to 90%)ulcers. Most patients with gastric cancer have current or past H. pylori infection.There is also a strong association between mucosa-associated lympho...
Surgery
G.I.T
bba7a26a-191b-4772-84ec-0d4da14d1e46
A 41 year old man presented with swelling over parotid area. He has only mild pain. Which is the commonest tumor of the parotid?
Pleomorphic adenoma
Monomorphic adenoma
Wahin's tumor
Adenocarcinoma
0a
single
Pleomorphic adenomas or benign mixed tumors, are the most common neoplasms of the salivary glands. They represent approximately 60-70% of all parotid tumors and 90% of submandibular benign tumors. These neoplasms affect females more than males and are commonly seen in the third to sixth decades of life. Histologically,...
Anatomy
null
50cb0de0-10bf-4040-adbe-047f0ab6fbad
Depression is not a side effect of
Propanolol
Oral contraceptives
Reserpine
Flupenthixol
3d
single
Answer is option4, flupenthisol. The antidepressive and anxiolytic efficacy of flupenthixol has been investigated in numerous controlled and open trials involving patients with endogenous, reactive as well as senile depressions. When administered at a mean daily single or multiple dose of 1-2 mg, flupenthixol proved to...
Pharmacology
Central Nervous system
a4b1d3d3-daed-49cc-9865-95705c164cad
Of the following permanent teeth, which is least likely to have two roots?
Maxillary canine
Mandibular canine
Maxillary first premolar
Mandibular first premolar
0a
single
null
Dental
null
0bc67e92-c62b-4458-8966-4411a6fdad85
Drug of choice for pregnant female suspected of having a baby with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Dexamethasone
Betamethasone
Hydrocoisone
Prednisolone
0a
single
Refer Goodman Gilman 12/e p 123 To suppress fetal androgen production effectively band consequent virilization Dexamethasone must be initiated before 10 weeks of gestation To treat congenital adrenal hyperplasia is baby hydrocoisone is used.
Pharmacology
Endocrinology
0866ac89-26cd-40e1-a75a-1020d6a821ab
The drug that inhibits uterine contractility and cause pulmonary edema is :
Ritodrine
Nifedipine
lndomethacin
Atosiban
0a
single
Ans. is a i.e. Ritodrine Pulmonary edema is a serious complication of beta-adrenergic therapy (ritodrine) and MgSO4. This complication occurs in patients receiving oral or (more common) intravenous treatment. It occurs more frequently in patients who have excessive plasma volume expansion, such as those with twins or t...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
7d05f799-cfba-4563-a9cf-94e242e445e8
A patient presents with diarrhoea. analysis of stool on wet mount shows mobile protozoa without RBCs and pus cells. The diagnosis is -
Balantidium coil
Giardiasis
Trichomonas hominis
Entamoeba histolytica
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Giardiasis . Mobile protozoa with absence of RBC's and pus cells in stools in a patient with diarrhoea suggests giardiasis. . In balantidum cob and entomoeba histolytica infections, pus cells and RBC's will be present in stools. Trichomonas hominis is considered as non-pathogenic
Microbiology
null
ae75432e-33e2-49bf-9b11-f13effe588b5
A clinical study involves patients diagnosed with carcinoma whose tumor stage is T4N1M1. The patients' survival rate 5 years from the time of diagnosis is less than 50%, regardless of therapy. Which of the following clinical findings is most likely to be characteristic of this group of patients?
Cachexia
Cardiac murmur
Icterus
Loss of sensation
0a
single
Cachexia is a common finding in advanced cancers, and weight loss without dieting in an adult is a "red flag" for malignancy. The exact cause for this is unknown, but increases in circulating factors such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) may play a role. Cardiac murmurs may occur in the development of nonbacterial thromb...
Pathology
Neoplasia
e1a6bd20-0da6-47b4-9f16-bca48ed0f609
Thiopentone is absolutely contraindicated in
Porphyria
Moribund patients
Increased intracranial pressure
Meningitis
0a
single
(Porphyria): (381 -- KDT 7th edition; 536- Goodman 12th7or variegate)Thiopentone can precipitate acut intermittent or variegate porphyria in susceptible individuals therefore contraindicated. The abnormal synthesis of protoporphyrin (important in hemoglobin production) results in excess porphobilinogen. Barbiturates in...
Pharmacology
Anaesthesia
2a5ff149-abbd-4a25-b54f-25eb11496918
True regarding the rubens valve is
Is a non-rebreathing valve
Will not allow spontaneous respiration
Is a pressure reducing valve
May jam in expiratory position
0a
multi
Rubens valve is a non – rebreathing valve used in self inflating resuscitation bags. It jams in inspiratory position occasionally. It allows spontaneous breathing .
Anaesthesia
null
824d1c19-abe7-4f68-a16f-a464c6d1bc7c
Loeffler's medium is-
Indicator medium
Selective medium
Enrichment medium
Enriched medium
3d
single
Enriched media The media containing ingredients which enhance their growth-promoting qualities E.g. Blood agar, Chocolate agar and Loeffler medium. The usual media employed for cultivation of the diphtheria bacillus are Loeffler's serum slope and tellurite blood agar. Diphtheria bacilli grow on Loeffler's serum slope v...
Microbiology
General Microbiology Pa 1 (History, Microscopy, Stains and Structure and Physiology of Bacteria)
720c5709-85a2-4f38-a521-02ca3e26ef24
All are true about halothane except -
Tachycardia
Hepatitis
Bronchodilatation
Uterine relaxation
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tachycardia o Halothane causes bradycardia.Halothaneo It is a volatile liquid with sweet odour, nonirritating and noninflammable.o It is a potent anaesthetic with poor analgesic and muscle relaxant properties,o Halothane causes direct depression of myocardial contractility by reducing intracellular Ca...
Anaesthesia
Miscellaneous General Anesthesia
5042da44-cdf1-4bd1-943c-8213d3155fef
A man coming from a mountain whose wife died 6 months prior says that his wife appeared to him and asked him to join her. The diagnosis is
Normal grief
Grief psychosis
Bereavement reaction
Supernatural phenomenon
1b
single
B i.e. Grief psychosis Bereavement, Grief, or Mourning is a psychological reaction of those who survive a significant loss. Differences between normal & abnormal grief:Identifying with a deceased person such as taking on ceain admired traits or treasuring ceain possessions is normal; believing that one is the deceased ...
Psychiatry
null
4c4b3857-ea2a-4efa-b38a-c93bc6d0fcbe
Ocular manifestation in giant cell arteritis?
Arteritic AION
Nonarteritic AION
Papilledema
Horners Syndrome
0a
single
Ans. a. Arteritic AIONAION occurs due to interference of blood supply to anterior part of optic nerve (posterior ciliary artery)AION can be clinically differentiated into:Arteritic AIONNonarteritic AION*. Due to giant cell arteritis*. Due to occlusion of short posterior ciliary artery*. Sudden, severe visual loss (6/60...
Ophthalmology
Errors of Refraction
bfa24e20-d6da-455b-b682-5938605617be
A 43-year-old man suddenly develops odynophagia. Which organism is most likely to be isolated on throat culture?
Mononucleosis
S. aureus
Normal pharyngeal flora
Group A streptococci
2c
single
Odynophagia is a sensation of sharp retrosternal pain on swallowing. It is usually caused by severe erosive conditions such as Candida, herpes virus, and corrosive injury following caustic ingestion.
Surgery
Miscellaneous
90a82749-bd6e-4c10-9f4f-c262b8a85c54
Which disease is associated with the Father of Public Health?
Malaria
Cholera
Tuberculosis
Plague
1b
single
Dr. John Snow was the first to associate Cholera to a sewage-affected drinking water pump in London Ref: 25th edition Park&;s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, Page no. 25
Social & Preventive Medicine
Concept of health and disease
a5370ba7-4fd4-4514-b168-5cb78fed20c9
Caloric test is done for
Semicircular canal
Macula
Saccule
Cochlea
0a
single
Ans. (a) Semicircular canalRef. Dhingra's ENT 5th ed. / 48* Caloric test is used to assess vestibular function. The basis of this test is to induce nystagmus by thermal stimulation of the vestibular system.* Done by taking water of 2 temperatures, cold (30degC) and hot (44degC).* Position of the test: Supine then lift ...
ENT
Assessment of Vestibular Function
190f6489-af1b-4687-bdf7-a887b02bec44
In humans, effective renal blood flow is ?
425
525
625
725
2c
single
C i.e., 625 ml
Physiology
null
929b4333-cf83-46de-bd82-d6d6b120057b
Typhoid carriers are detected by following except ?
Isolation of bacteria from urine
Isolation of bacteria from bile
Vi antigen
Widal test
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Widal test
Microbiology
null
8a16d4ca-8120-463c-be56-be209b6727e6
Which of the following statements regarding live vaccines is false?
Two live vaccines cannot be administered simultaneously
Booster doses are not required when live vaccines are administered
Single dose gives life long immunity
Live vaccine contains both major and minor antigens
0a
multi
When the administration of two live vaccines is mandatory, it can be given simultaneously but either: ? at different sites of injection or ? at an interval of at least 3 weeks Ref: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine By K. Park, 19th Edition, Page 97; Immunology for The Health Sciences By Nicholas J. Vard...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
96f7eed7-3d52-4284-8d1a-56ed7e600129
Magnan's symptom is seen in:
Datura
Cocaine
Opium
Cannabis
1b
single
Altered tactile sensation: the person feel that some insects are crawling on his skin. This is known asMagnan's symptomorcocaine bugs(formication). Cocaine is an alkaloid derived from plantErythroxylon coca.
Forensic Medicine
NEET Jan 2020
dce8f390-9da2-4f5a-a4ac-c872f5a4b2b0
The earliest manifestation of increased intrcranial pressure following head injury is
Ipsilateral pupillary dilatation
Contralateral pupillary dilatation
Altered mental status
Hemiparesis
2c
single
In general, symptoms and signs that suggest a rise in ICP include altered level of consciousness, headache, vomitingwithout nausea, ocular palcies, back pain and papilledema. If papilledema is protracted, it may lead to visual disturbances, optic atrophy, and eventually blindness. The headache is classically a morning ...
Surgery
Trauma
a488675d-ee02-4851-a9b8-bd755e93c4aa
True about Bochdalek hernia is -
Seen on right side
Anterior position
Differential diagnosis for pleuropericardial cyst
All
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Differential diagnosis for pleuropericardial cyst Differential diagnosis of CDH o Pulmonary sequestration o Cystic adenomatoid malformation o Pleuropericardial cysts
Pediatrics
null
5c9f5fdd-afb8-4f0f-929b-f5f25eb72678
Which bone do not contributes to the medial wall of the orbit?
Ethmoid
Lacrimal
Frontal
Zygoma
3d
multi
ANSWER: (D) ZygomaREF: Grays anatomy 39th edition, page 688-690 style="font-size: 1.04761904761905em; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif">part_8/chapter_45.htmlIndirect repeat in December 2010WALLS OF THE ORBIT:The orbit possesses four walls; a roof, lateral wall, floor, and medial wall...
Anatomy
Orbit
605e325d-0517-443a-8f29-26b27529ae53
Swan neck deformity -
Flexion at PIP and DIP joint
Extention at PIP and DIP joint
Flexion at PIP and Extention at DIP joint
Extention at PIP and Flexion at DIP joint
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Extention at PIP and Flexion at DIP joint * Boutonniere deformity: Flexion contracture of PIP joint and extension of DIP joint.* Swan neck deformity: Hyperextension of PIP joint and flexion at DIP joint.
Orthopaedics
Arthritis
f8ba2e1f-b541-44d0-96eb-86220255a736
A 55-year-old man with recent onset of atrial fibrillation presents with a cold, pulseless left lower extremity. He complains of left leg paresthesia and is unable to dorsiflex his toes. Following a successful popliteal embolectomy, with restoration of palpable pedal pulses, the patient is still unable to dorsi- flex h...
Electromyography (EMG)
Measurement of anterior compartment pressure
Elevation of the left leg
Immediate fasciotomy
3d
multi
This case illustrates two (among many) conditions that lead to the anterior compartment syndrome, namely, acute arterial occlusion without collateral inflow and rapid reperfusion of ischemic muscle. Treatment for a compartment syndrome is prompt fasciotomy Assessing a compartment syndrome and proceeding with fasciotomy...
Surgery
Arterial Disorders
83a3de3d-ac6c-43a5-82e2-4884a5efe57c
Which of the following is not a CT feature ofAdrenal adenoma –
Low attenuation
Homogenous density and well defined borders
Enhances rapidly, contrast stays in it for a relatively longer time and washes out late
Calcification is rare
2c
single
Adrenal adenoma on contrast-enhanced CT/MRI shows rapid uptake and relatively rapid washout of contrast material than do non adenomasQ. Adenoma: CT features Well defined/sharply defined  <5 cm in size Low attenuation (<10 HU) due to lipid content Mild homogenous enhancement Relatively rapid washout of contrast materia...
Radiology
null
8aacbbd5-2f47-4cb2-825e-fc1721030ba3
Most common cause of death in primary amyloidosis is?
Respiratory failure
Cardiac failure
Renal failure
Septicemia
1b
single
ANSWER: (B) Cardiac failureREF: Harrison's Internal Medicine 17th edition chapter 324. AmyloidosisThe kidneys are the most frequently affected organ (80%), Renal amyloidosis is usually manifested by proteinuria, which is often in the nephrotic range and associated with significant hypoalbuminemia and edema or anasarca;...
Pathology
Amyloidosis
f6b4543e-3d18-4e0b-b2b0-995cb02f502a
Pyoderma-gangrenosum is most commonly associated with -
Ulcerative colitis
Crohns disease
Amoebic colitis
Ischemic colitis
0a
single
null
Surgery
null
4e9e5fa2-8260-4724-84af-429660fed809
AML transformation common in - a) Aplastic anemia b) MDS c) Megakaryocytic thrombocytopenia d) None
ab
bc
d
ca
0a
multi
null
Medicine
null
135949da-c776-4329-b1d0-32283c9176c2
Which of the following is false about mucocele of gallbladder
Complication of gallstones
Treatment is early cholecystectomy
Obstruction at neck of gallbladder
Gallbladder is never palpable
3d
multi
Mucocele(Hydrops) Mucocele results from Prolonged obstruction of the cystic duct, usually by a large solitary calculus Obstructed GB lumen is progressively distented by mucus (mucocele) or by clear transudate(hydrops) produced by mucosal epithelial cells Clinical features A visible, easily palpable, non tender gallblad...
Anatomy
G.I.T
8b652c87-995b-48e2-94df-d599b42fed18
Most Common Tumour of Eyelid is:
Sebaceeous Ca
BCC
SCC
Malignant melanoma
1b
single
BCC
Ophthalmology
null
d58eefb3-547d-46a2-b7ad-f39ddfe3a110
Intolerance to loud sound, nerve affected is
5th nerve
7th nerve
10th nerve
None
1b
multi
Clinical features of the 7th nerve palsy: Eyeball turns up and out Saliva dribbles Tears flow down Pain in the ear Noise intolerance Loss of taste Ref: Dhingra 7e pg 104.
ENT
Ear
a067cd4a-067c-44dd-8ed3-e4a6d1fcfb7f
Thyroid hormone formation involves many steps. Which of the following amino acid is the precursor for thyroxine?
Glycine
Tyrosine
Phenylalanine
Iodine
1b
multi
Tyrosine: Tyrosine is the precursor of triiodothyronine and thyroxine. Neural cells conve tyrosine to epinephrine and norepinephrine. While dopa is also an intermediate in the formation of melanin, different enzymes hydroxylate tyrosine in melanocytes. Dopa decarboxylase, a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme, forms d...
Biochemistry
null
05f5fccb-68b9-42f4-8468-1d8fc56c6275
Once the enamel formation is complete, the tooth will erupt after approximately:
One year
Two years
Three years
Four years
2c
single
null
Dental
null
7f56f120-7ea2-4701-91a8-ebcacede19f7
Sputum positive patient who should be quarantined:
Pregnant women
Old people
Children above 6 years
Children below 6 years
3d
multi
Ans. (d) Children below 6 yearsRef: K. Park 23rd ed. /182-84* About national TB program, if a person is smear positive for TB:# All the family who is in close contact with the patient is given prophylaxis# Children under age 6 is given prophylaxisNote: India's Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) rec...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Tuberculosis
04de5b48-1660-4d18-9285-b2310b9b72e2
Ca 125 is used in diagnosis of -
Ovarian cancer
Gall bladder cancer
Carcinoids
Bronchogenic cancer
0a
multi
null
Pathology
null
f69d4dbd-dad9-4991-bb7e-98a78b1aea4c
Which of these pathologies is the most common benign tumour of the parotid gland?
Mumps
TB
Heerfordt syndrome
Pleomorphic adenoma
3d
single
Mumps causes the classic bilateral parotitis, but it can present as a unilateral enlargement in rare cases. Heerfordt syndrome includes sarcoidosis. Tuberculosis historically was associated with ‘cold abscess’. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an acid-fast bacterium that does not stain with Gram stain. It re...
Surgery
null
496937f2-965c-4f9e-a25a-c3cf3c70b2f2
A patient has ecchymosis and petechiae all over the body with no hepato-splenomegaly. All are true except
Increased megakaryocytes in bone narrow
Bleeding into the joints
Decreased platelet in blood
Disease resolves itself in 80% of Patients in 2-6
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Bleeding into the joints Features of Acute and Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Feature Acute ITP Chronic ITP Peak age of incidence Children 2-6 year Adults, 20-40 year Sex predilection None 3:1 female to male Antecedent infection Common 1-2 week Unusual Onset of bleeding Before Abrupt Insi...
Medicine
null
76a56926-ea07-466a-ab1f-f7530f5572a9
Which body pa is represented superiorly and medially within the postcentral gyrus?
Upper limb
Lower limb
Abdomen
Genitalia
1b
multi
In the postcentral gyrus (somatosensory area) of each hemisphere, the sensory information from the opposite side of the body is received. The lower limb representation is found in the superior and medial poion of the postcentral gyrus (see the figure below). The lateral poion of the postcentral gyrus receives somatic s...
Physiology
Sensory System
ae682a71-5f7a-4634-868a-613dca5288fa
A 62 year old man has a 25 year history of alcoholism and liver disease. He visits his physician complaining of pain and swelling of his legs. A decrease in which of the following is the most likely cause of the peripheral edema?
Capillary hydrostatic pressure
Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure
Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
Plasma colloid osmotic pressure
3d
single
The plasma colloid osmotic pressure is often low in alcoholics with chronic liver disease (cirrhosis). The diseased liver cannot produce adequate amounts of albumin, which leads to a decrease in the concentration of albumin in the plasma, i.e., hypoalbuminemia. Because about 75% of the plasma colloid osmotic pressure c...
Physiology
null
0c30a288-6c6b-4429-b4a2-ccb8f6b38f61
Most common cause of dissecting hematoma is
Hypeension
Marfan's syndrome
Iatrogenic
Kawasaki
0a
single
Aoic dissection occurs when blood splays apa the laminar planes of the media to form a blood-filled channel within the aoic wall.Aoic dissection occurs mainly in two age groups: (1)men aged 40 to 60 with antecedent hypeension (more than 90% of cases); and (2) younger patients with connective tissue abnormalities that a...
Pathology
Cardiovascular system
f188b9a2-7bcc-4407-a8b7-d47116a2f6b7
Charcot's triad include
Fever, pain, jaundice
Fever, vomiting, jaundice
Fever, Jaundice, Abd, distension
Fever, chills, jaundice
0a
single
Charcot's triad is a feature of ascending cholangitis secondary to CBD stones.Intermittent symotoms are produced as the stone moves proximally & floats with relieving of obstruction and subsiding of symotoms.The triad includes fever,jaundice and pain(maybe colicky). SRB's manual of surgery,5th edition,page no:651.
Surgery
G.I.T
a7688745-f81c-4849-a540-8413e9259e4f
Die is commonly seen in -
MlAML
M2AML
M3AML
M4AML
2c
single
Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (M3) may be associated with a serious coagulation abnormality ,disseminated intravascular coagulation.Reference :Davidson's principles & practices of medicine 22nd edition pg no 383.
Medicine
Haematology
0fbadef5-c894-431e-b847-ba183a628d1f
Thermoregulatory response activated by cold is
Cutaneous vasodilatation
Anorexia
Increased voluntary activity
Increased respiration
2c
single
null
Medicine
null
ae4229bf-518e-4107-bd92-9a24ff05f267
Humans become infected by M.tuberculosis commonly by
Ingestion
Contact
Inhalation
Inoculation
2c
single
M.tuberculosis is mainly transmitted by direct inhalation of aerosolised bacilli contained in the droplet nuclei of expectorated sputum. Generated while coughing. sneezing,or speaking of infected patients. There may be as many as 3000 infectious nuclei per cough. The tiny droplets may remain suspended in the air for se...
Anatomy
Bacteriology
aaee1eb4-5f0e-4268-aa42-7a21da84de10
Umbilical cord usually separates in newborns on:
Day 1
Day 2-3
Day 7-10
After 1 month
2c
multi
Ans. C. Day 7-10Umbilical cord is the connection between the mother and the fetus in the intrauterine stage and includes two arteries and one vein. It usually separates in children between day 7-10, either by dry gangrene or a residual moist base.
Pediatrics
New Born Infants
4825f9a3-4cb7-41ef-adcd-9a3bdf9e33e7
Delayed pubey is when primary amenorrhea is seen without development of secondary sexual characters beyond the age of?
12 years
14 years
16 years
18 years
2c
single
Delayed pubey: Girls: Absence of secondary sexual characters by 13 yrs of age / Absence of menarche by 16 years of age / within 5 yrs of onset of pubey Boys: Lack of pubeal changes by 14 yrs of age
Pediatrics
Disorders of Pubey
8254a3a6-8642-40d5-a619-03afeabb5e3c
Most common cause of central precocious pubey in girls:
Exogenous estrogen
Idiopathic
CNS tumor
Hypothyroidism
1b
single
- MCC of central precocious pubey in girls is Idiopathic. - Organic causes are more common in boys. - OTHER CAUSES: Infections - TB, meningitis Injuries - Trauma, neurosurgery, Radiotherapy Tumors - Hypothalamic hamaoma (Gelastic seizures)- MCC of organic central precocious pubey CNS malformations like arachnoid cyst ,...
Pediatrics
Disorders of Pubey
f274d084-5274-453e-aaa0-bc2a4d2b6796
Which test is used to compare kapian-meier survival curve-
T-test
Chi-square test
Log rank test
Whitneys test
2c
single
Ans. is 'C' i.e., Log rank test o The Kaplan-Meier estimator is an estimater for estimating the survival function from life time data. o A plot of the Kaplan-Meier estimate of the survival function is a series of horizontal steps of declining magnitude which, wrhen a large enough sample is taken, approaches the true su...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Statistical Tests
bc8bf572-84ff-41b8-bc09-83dec7816984
Apoptotic bodies are
Clumped chromatin bodies
Pyknotic nucleus without organelles
Cell membrane bound with organelles
No nucleus with organelles
2c
single
In H&E-stained tissue sections, the nuclei of apoptotic cells show various stages of chromatin condensation and aggregation and, ultimately, karyorrhexis; at the molecular level, this is reflected in fragmentation of DNA into nucleosome-sized pieces. The cells rapidly shrink, form cytoplasmic buds, and fragment into ap...
Pathology
General pathology
fea2bb13-d736-4851-b4ce-5ba5fa1f4ac5
According to Hellin's law chances of twins in pregnancy are:
1 in 60
1 in 70
1 in 80
1 in 90
2c
single
According to Hellin’s rule The mathematical frequency of multiple pregnancy is: Twins 1 in 80 Triplets 1 in (80)2 Quadruplets 1 in (80)3 and so on
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
6ba804f1-a8d5-4962-b85e-88ec8b5ca417
All of the following are true about OPSI (Overwhelming Postsplenectomy Infection), Except:
Maximum risk is within 1 year of splenectomy
Begins with mild appearing prodrome
May present with septic shock
Usually does not respond to antibiotic treatment
0a
multi
Ans is A (Maximum risk is within 1 year of splenectomy) Overwhelming Postsplenectomy Infection (OPSI) Splenectomised patients are likely to suffer from severe infections. This syndrome is called overwhelming postsplenectomy infection (OPSI). OPSI is among the more devastating sequelae of asplenia and is the most common...
Surgery
null
f81a5ecc-aa2c-4ce4-aa87-9a74f646c9b4
"La-facies sympathique" is a condition seen in cases of
Hanging
Strangulation
Myocardial insufficiency
Railway accidents
0a
single
* La facies sympathique occurs in hanging* On postmortem examination, in hanging, usually the eyes are closed or partly open and the pupils are usually dilated.Sometimes, when the ligature knot presses on the cervical sympathetic, the eye on the same side may remain open and its pupil dilated (La, facies sympathiaue). ...
Forensic Medicine
Death and Investigations
c983a403-8f37-434c-9969-31cf12e69604
In acute inflammation the tissue response consists of all except
Vasodilation
Exudation
Neutrophilic response
Granuloma formation
3d
multi
Ref Robbins9/e p97 Granulomatous inflammation is a distinctive pattern of chronic inflammation characterized by aggregates of acti- vated macrophages with scattered lymphocytes. Granulo- mas are characteristic of ceain specific pathologic states; consequently, recognition of the granulomatous pattern is impoant because...
Anatomy
General anatomy
d235443a-1365-4569-b5f1-039be4c7d9a1
Which of the following analgesics should not be given in acute MI ?
Methadone
Morphine
Buprenorphine
Pentazocine
3d
single
null
Pharmacology
null
a61c082f-6a27-4454-ac38-ad1e4651d4bd
This condition is best treated by:
Intra-keloidal injection of triamcinolone
Wide excision and grafting
Wide excision and suturing (
Deep X-ray therapy
0a
single
Ans. (a) Intra-keloidal injection of triamcinolone.Diagnosis based on the image is Keloid scar* Characterized by overgrowth of scar tissue beyond the margins of original wound* Occur more commonly in females over sternum, shoulder and face, Black people are more prone for it* Treatment is with intralesional injections ...
Surgery
Miscellaneous (Wounds, Tissue Repair & Scars)
e6993b3e-5195-4b95-9668-539f6e2d1bcb
Which joint is commonly involved in osteochondritis dissecans?
Ankle joint
Knee joint
Wrist joint
Elbow joint
1b
single
Kness is the most commonly affected joint. Other joints such as hip, ankle , elbow and shoulder can also be involved. Definition : * Localized condition affecting the aicular surface of a joint with separation of a segment of cailage and subchondral bone * Knee by far the most common joint involved (75% of all OCD lesi...
Anatomy
null
5f4b4e34-a0b0-4a8f-a266-03dc79aaa72c
renal papillary necrosis is caused by ?
alcohol
cocaine
heroin
morphine
0a
single
Etiology # Pyelonephritis # Obstruction of the urinary tract # Sickle cell hemoglobinopathies, including sickle cell trait # Tuberculosis # Cinhosis of the liver, chronic alcoholism # Analgesic abuse # Renal transplant rejection, Radiation, Renal vein thrombosis # Diabetes mellitus # Systemic vasculitis Renal papillary...
Medicine
All India exam
888a4b92-4c5a-4f44-958e-7675fb5e3e56
Bilateral spider leg sign on IVP is suggestive of:
Polycystic kidney
Hydronephrosis
Hypernephroma
Renal stones
0a
single
Ans. Polycystic kidney
Radiology
null
ec7e2ab8-cd9b-4082-a31a-b40c1de2911d
Which of the following will you like to give to a pregnant patient to decrease the risk of neural tube defects in the offspring, if your patient is receiving antiepileptic drugs ?
Folic acid
Vitamin A
Vitamin E
Pyridoxine
0a
single
null
Pharmacology
null
5e12035c-0d6e-40ae-828b-7da43c125aa5
Which is the only living pa of Hydatid cyst?
Adventitia
Germinal epithelium
Laminated membrane
Parenchyma of the organ
1b
single
Hydatid cyst is caused by Echinococcus granulosus. It has a thick opaque white outer cuticle / laminated layer and an inner thin germinal layer containing nucleated cells. The germinal layer is the site of asexual reproduction. It also secretes the hydatid fluid which fills the cavity. The fluid is clear, colourless / ...
Microbiology
null
0ccad0af-27da-4733-98f7-d34189beefb0
Von Langenbeck repair is used for treatment of:
Cleft lip
Cleft palate
Septal detion
Saddle nose
1b
single
Von Langenbeck Repair: Two-stage palate repairs were originally described as a means of treating wide clefts; soft palate repair was done at the same time as lip repair, with the hard palate repaired later after the cleft width had diminished. In a way, this is analogous to lip adhesion; the surgeon is committed to a s...
ENT
null
f17bf7f1-f055-43f4-9a9f-69e76d24b64a
Which of the following is not recommended in the treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain:
NSAIDs
Bed Rest for 3 months
Exercises
Epidural steroid Injection
1b
single
B. i.e. Bed rest for 3 months In low back ache (lumbago) bed rest should not exceed 2 (to 4) daysQ, because bed rest for longer period may lead to debilitating muscle atrophy and increased stiffness. Therefore bed rest > 2 days (Harrison)/>4 days (CDTF) is not recommended.
Surgery
null
cad07c43-738f-4080-affc-38b247d76d31
Fatty acid synthase complex contain the following enzymes except:
Enoyl reductase
Ketoacyl reductase
Acetyl: CoA carboxylase
Dehydratase
2c
multi
Ans. C. Acetyl: CoA carboxylase(Ref: Harper 31/e page 217)Six enzyme activities of fatty acid synthase complex are:Ketoacyl SynthaseMalonyl-acetyl transacylaseHydrataseEnoyl reductaseKetoacyl reductaseThioesterase (Deacylase)
Biochemistry
Lipids
b5ba2771-ac38-4446-9a81-e3fb8dc2c373
Not a type of Inguinal hernia
Gibbon's hernia
Valpeall's hernia
Pantaloon's hernia
Sliding hernia
1b
multi
null
Surgery
null
09b5bdb2-950e-4f35-97ed-b9d26d24a430
Which is false regarding Gram positive cocci ?
Staph. saprophyticus causes UTI in females
Micrococci are oxidase positive
Most enterococci are sensitive to penicillin
Pneumococci are capsulated
2c
multi
Unlike streptococci enterococci are not reliably killed by penicillin or ampicillin alone at concentration acheived clinically in the blood or tissues. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing should be performed routinely on enterococcal isolates. Other options Option ‘a’ • Staph. saprophyiticus specially causes UTI in ...
Microbiology
null
d07e6a86-740a-4ac2-838b-0984c8e0975a
Brugada syndrome is characterized by
ST elevation
Prolonged PR interval
Prolonged QT interval
Tall T waves
0a
multi
Brugada syndrome is a rare syndrome characterized by >0.2 mV of ST-segment elevation with a coved ST segment and negative T wave in more than one anterior precordial lead (V1-V3) and episodes of syncope or cardiac arrest due to polymorphic VT in the absence of structural hea disease.Harrison 19e pg: 1497
Medicine
C.V.S
647dccb5-ebf5-4302-8a81-6bcf48856b94
Malaria causing nephrotic syndrome -
P. vivax
P. Falciparum
P. malariae
P. Ovale
2c
single
It would appear that quaan malaria causes an immune complex nephritis in some individuals that, once established, is sustained by mechanisms not yet fully explained but which may involve an autoimmune process. Evidence to suppo an immunologic pathogenesis of the renal lesions is provided by the presence of immunoglobul...
Microbiology
parasitology
b63f827c-29b2-4aa7-b3b9-2eed2dce2093
Commonest site for colonic diverticula is-
Ascending colon
Sigmoid colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
1b
single
null
Surgery
null
0c030bfa-2ea3-4681-92dd-3ad00bba609b
Drug of choice for acute severe asthma is: September 2006
Sho acting beta 2 agonists
Long acting beta 2 agonists
Oral theophylline
Inhaled ipratropium bromide
0a
single
Ans. A: Sho acting beta 2 agonists Severe asthma (Continuous symptoms; activity limitation; frequent exacerbations/hospitalization) requires: Regular high dose of inhaled steroid (800-2000 microgram/ day) through a large volume spacer device and inhaled long acting beta2 agonist (Salmeterol). Additional treatment with ...
Pharmacology
null
fefcb9e2-a8ab-4878-aad6-5db6969d0826
False statement regarding myocardial infarction and depression is:
Depression is a risk factor for MI
MI is a risk factor for depression
SSRI's can be used post MI for treatment of depression
Only cognitive behavioral therapy is used after MI
3d
multi
The first three options are correct. Depression and myocardial infarction are risk factors for each other. The treatment of depression after MI involves both medications and CBT.
Psychiatry
Mood Disorders
6dedd72d-f97b-43fc-8958-00d59ad690b1
Regarding Fanconi anemia, the wrong statement is:
Autosomal dominant
Bone marrow show pancytopenia
Usually aplastic anemia
It is due to defective DNA repair
0a
multi
Fanconi's anemia is an autosomal recessive disease Characterized:- Progressive pancytopenia Increased risk of malignancy (solid tumors and AML) Congenital developmental anomalies like sho stature, cafe au lait spots, abnormalities affecting thumb, radius and genitourinary tract. Fanconi's anemia is associated with BRCA...
Pathology
General Concepts
4a41dc3f-75c9-4be7-aa11-5c565f9e9b00
According to WHO, what is given to prevent PPH by active management of third stage of labour?
IV PGF2 alpha agonist
IM oxytocin
IV ergometrine
Perrectal prostaglandins
1b
single
WHO recommendations for prevention of PPH by active management of third stage of labour Components of Active Management of the Third Stage of Labour (WHO)Administration of uterotonic soon after bih of baby.Delayed cord clamping and cutting.Controlled cord traction for delivery of the placenta (Brandt Andrew&;sMethod).U...
Pathology
All India exam
5e98ca85-89de-432c-88eb-e741c6daaf71
A multipara with 34 weeks pregnancy tachycardia, fever, hepatospleenomegaly, pallor has :
Malaria
Iron deficiency anaemia
Physiological anaemia
Megaloblastic anaemia
0a
multi
Malaria
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null