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135
da8b6edb-1371-45f9-a30a-f6d30fb671be
Dienes stain is used for-
Compylobactor
Helicobacter
Rickettsiae
Mycoplasma
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Mycoplasma * Dienes method (Dienes staining) - For colonies of mycoplasma.* Dienes phenomenon - To detect swarming of proteus.
Microbiology
Bacteria
80cdf4f5-320b-4aee-a461-afaf5c0e2b08
Ear pinna develops from ____________
Ectoderm
Endoderm
Mesoderm
All
0a
multi
Ans:A.)Ectoderm First branchial cleft is the precursor of external auditory canal. Around the sixth week of embryonic life, a series of six tubercles appear around the first branchial cleft Branchial clefts are ectodermal in origin.
ENT
null
fc0eb561-51fe-4840-adde-5415f48e9a95
Staphylococcal infection causes all the following skin diseases except:-
Impetigo
Erysipelas
Ecthyma
Scalded skin syndrome
1b
multi
Erysipelas is caused by streptococcus pyogenes. Skin diseases caused by staphylococcus aureus are: Scalded skin syndrome Cellulitis Impetigo Carbuncles Furuncles Ecthyma
Dental
Bacterial infections
9ffa3585-53e8-4703-8c31-c7ab1732b83a
If urine dipstick shows +3, what is the protein level in mg/dl in urine
30 mg/dl
50 mg/dl
100 mg/dl
300 mg/dl
3d
single
Answer-D. 300 mg/dl1+ = 30mg/dl2+ = 100mg/dl3+ = 300mg/dl4+ = 1000mg/dl
Medicine
null
c0b1ad2b-a8bb-433c-bddc-b3fa6eea00c2
Vertical crest in fundus of the internal auditary canal is k/a:
Bill's bar
Ponticulus
Cog
Falciform crest
0a
single
Ans is 'a' i.e. Bill's Bar The internal acoustic canal is divided by transverse crest (or falciform crest) into a superior and inferior Part. The superior part is divided by vertical crest or Bill's bar into anterior and posterior parts. Antero-superior part transmits-facial nerve and nervus intermediusPostero-superior...
Anatomy
Ear
4d9e1e3f-974d-4222-b4e8-4a2509ec610f
NOT a radiological feature of osteoarthritis
Osteophytes
Subchondral bone is translucent
Narrowing of joint space
Cystic lesions close to articular surface.
1b
single
null
Orthopaedics
null
0886ed8e-c013-4044-bfd4-f77593162063
Enzyme deficiency seen in genetic diseases like
Tay sach's disease
Sickle cell anemia
Cystic Fibrosis
Wilson's disease
0a
single
Tay-Sachs disease is a genetic disorder due to the deficiency of enzyme Hexosaminidase A. The disease occurs when harmful quantities of cell membrane components known as gangliosides accumulate in the brain&;s nerve cells, eventually leading to the premature death of the cells. symptoms: mental retardation, blindness, ...
Biochemistry
Metabolism of lipid
4b25e8ea-b82a-480e-8e26-6a67e54a4f00
IL-1 & TNF-alpha during inflammation are secreted by?
Plasma cells
Lymphocytes
Activated macrophages
Platelets
2c
single
null
Pathology
null
db5baff2-06ba-4ed8-b6c2-657d0d9a1fb5
Prognosis for carcinoma rectum is best assessed by ?
Site of tumour
Histological grading
Size of tumours
Duration of the symptoms
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Histological grading
Surgery
null
5d8c7eb5-74d0-461d-b4e7-843d575b0b0e
The most common variety of scleritis is:
Non-necrotizing anterior diffuse
Non-necrotizing anterior nodular
Anterior necrotizing with inflammation
Anterior necrotizing without inflammation
0a
single
Ans. Non-necrotizing anterior diffuse
Ophthalmology
null
82a88196-096d-4722-afeb-b1da3db8f372
Verapamil belong to which class of antiarry thmic
Class I
Class II
Class III
Class IV
3d
single
verapamil is the only class 4 anti arrhythmic drug Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1342
Medicine
C.V.S
f1a67a7e-d298-4c0a-8cdf-86500fe68648
X-ray appearance of osteosarcoma are all except -
Periosteal reaction
Codman's triangle
Soap-bubble
Sunray appearance
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' Le., Soap-bubble [Ref: Maheshwari 4tk/ep. 233)o X-ray of a patient with osteosarcoma shows following features : -An area of irregular destruction in the metaphysis, sometimes overshadowed by the new bone formation. The cortex overlying the lesion is eroded. There is new bone formation in the matrix of the t...
Orthopaedics
Osteogenic Sarcoma
9692bd12-7699-4ba3-bc9a-38b870c233f9
Axillary aery is divided into 3 pas. Which of the following muscle divides axillary aery into 3 pas?
Teres major
Teres minor
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
3d
single
Axillary aery is divided into 3 pas by pectoralis minor muscle. Axillary aery extends from the outer border of the first rib to inferior border of teres major muscle where it becomes the brachial aery. Branches of the axillary aery: First pa: Superior thoracic aery Second pa: Thoracoacromial aery Lateral thoracic aery ...
Anatomy
null
68cc4c08-30b3-44d6-b9d4-19456d37af2a
NSAID used commonly for topical ocular use is-
Ibuprofen
Aceclofenac
Ketorolac
Acetaminophen
2c
single
(Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 454 – 455) Commonly used topicalocular NSAIDS Ketorolac Flurbiprofen Diclofenac sodium
Unknown
null
fa3716e6-c82c-4864-b150-696e274d9215
Apoprotein for chylomicron remnant:-
Apo E
Apo C1
Apo A2
Apo A1
0a
single
APOPROTEIN -PROTEIN PRESENT IN LIPOPROTEIN Lipoprotein Protein Chylomicron APO B48 Chylomicron remnant APO B48 + APO E VLDL APO B100 IDL APO B100 + APO E LDL APO B 100 + APO E HDL APO A, C, E
Biochemistry
FMGE 2018
4ea2baaf-e75c-4f51-96bb-489a24418abc
A 65 year female presents with impacted fracture surgical neck of humerus. Treatment of choice is:
Ahroplasty
Arm-Chest strapping
Triangular sling
Wait and watch
2c
single
C i.e. Triangular sling
Surgery
null
88e7f06a-09ae-48b0-a7eb-a274b49551cb
All of the following are the good prognostic features for Hodgkin's disease except -
Hemoglobin > 10g/dl
WBC count < 15000/mm3
Absolute lymphocyte count < 600/uI
Age < 45 years
2c
multi
null
Medicine
null
1cb46bbd-87c8-421d-9787-3400b0fb6cc0
All the following are primary cutaneous diseases except:
Psoriasis
Reiter's disease
Lichen planus
Icthiosis/Bowen's disease
1b
multi
B i.e. Reiter's disease: Reiter's disease or syndrome is primarly a reactive polyahritisQ characterized by presence of non suppurative, painful, asymmetrical oligoahritis with or without urethritis, ureitis, conjunctivitis, oral ulcers and secondary cutaneous involvement in form of rashQ. Psoriasis, Bowen's disease (sq...
Skin
null
fdfd508f-555b-4591-a257-8a60bea7a841
A 50-year-old hypeensive woman complains of numbness and weakness in her left leg and foot. Which of the following aeries occlusion can account for this complaint?
Anterior cerebral
Anterior choroidal
Interior carotid
Middle cerebral
0a
single
The anterior cerebral aery perfuses the paracentral lobule, which represents the motor and sensory areas of the leg and foot areas.
Anatomy
Brainstem lesions and blood supply of CNS
26496bae-8a4a-4117-95eb-ca0fee4f721e
The following are indications for post operative radiotherapy iria case of carcinoma endometrium except :
Myometrial invasion of more than half thickness
Positive lymph nodes
Endocervical Involvement
Tumor positive for estrogen receptors
1b
multi
Ans. is d i.e. Tumour positive for estrogen receptors Indications of adjuvant radiotherapy : Extrauterine extension. Lower uterine or cervical involvement. Papillary serous or clear cell histology. Poor histologic differentiation (Grade Ill). Myometrial penetration greater than 1/3rd of thickening. Pelvic node involvem...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
1b3faa75-5c97-4a97-bb4d-ff27e7118f0d
Most common agent responsible for Carcinoma Cervix is :
HPV 16
HPV 18
HPV 31
HPV 35
0a
single
HPV is the primary cause of cervical carinoma High risk strains: 16, 18, 33, 35, 48 Type 16 is highly oncogenic causing invasive cancer, CIN 1 and 2 Reference : Textbook of Gynaecology; Sheila balakrishnan; 2nd edition; Pg no: 297
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Gynaecological oncology
5aaf8741-70ec-480d-a943-140da581d0dc
Which one of the following is not an ionizing radiation?
Infrared radiation
X-rays
Gamma rays
Consmic rays
0a
single
Ionising radiation is applied to radiation which has the ability to penetrate tissues and deposit its snergy within them.Includes - electro magnetic radiations(X rays ,gamma rays,) -corpuscular radiations (alpha paicles,beta paicles and protons) Non ionising radiation refers to electromagnetic radiations of wavelength ...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and health
996f39a0-3511-40da-9cf3-daa6d0528fd5
All of the following statements are true regarding anterior axillary lymph nodes EXCEPT-
Present on anterior wall of axilla on pectoral muscle
Present along the lateral thoracic vein
Drains into central axillary lymph nodes
Drains the medial aspect of mammary gland
3d
multi
Anterior axillary / pectoral lymph nodes are present along the lateral thoracic vein on the anterior wall of axilla on pectoral muscle. These drains the lateral aspect of mammary gland. And finally drains into central axillary lymph nodes.
Anatomy
Upper limb : Miscellaneous
e17a299c-898c-412a-b187-a58a93f5e6d5
A patient with increased Hypoxanthine and Xanthine in blood with hypouricemia which enzyme is deficient?
HGPase
Xanthine oxidase
Adenosine deaminase
APRtase
1b
single
Hypouricemia- Hypouricemia and increased excretion of hypoxanthine and xanthine are associated with xanthine oxidase deficiency.Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome- The Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, an overproduction hyperuricemia characterized by frequent episodes of uric acid lithiasis and a bizarre syndrome of selfmutilation reflects a de...
Biochemistry
null
0dde2fed-952e-43de-a2a9-ee717ea23332
Basal cell degeneration seen in -
Lichen Planus
Psoriasis
pemphigus
Pemphigoid
0a
single
Lichen planus is an inflammatory T cell mediated autoimmune disorder affecting skin, hair, nails and mucous membranes. Lichen planus triggers T cell mediated autoimmune damage to basal keratinocytes that manifest as altered self antigens on their surface. Ref Harrison20th edition pg 1256
Dental
Anatomy of skin
e8724653-37e2-4f1e-b632-a3f73e0337d9
Recommended daily dietary allowance of vitamin A for infants is
100-200 microgram
300-400 microgram
500-600 microgram
750 microgram
1b
multi
Recommended daily dietary allowance for vitamin A for an infant is 300-400 microgram. Ref: Page 120; Ghai essential pediatrics; 6th edition
Pediatrics
Nutrition
efbe529f-62cb-4031-9608-c80cd58fcc15
Bile salts undergo xenobiotics:
After conjugation with taurine and glycine
After conjugation with lysine
After conjugation with betaglucuronic acid
After conjugation with derived proteins
2c
single
C i.e. Conjugation with betaglucuronic acid- Phase I biotransformation reactions include Hydrolysis, Hydroxylation, Reduction, Oxidation, Oxidative Deamination, Dealkaylation and Epioxidation. Mn "High RODE". Whereas phase II reactions include Glucronidation, Sulfation, Conjugation (with glucronic acid, glutathione, su...
Biochemistry
null
def674ba-077c-4d02-9863-fb4ef7d8998c
Which of the following do not cause hardness of water?
Calcium carbonate
Calcium sulfate
Calcium bicarbonate
Magnesium bicarbonate
0a
single
Ans. a. Calcium carbonateRef: Parks Text book of Preventive and Social Medicine, 24th Ed; Page No-763Hardness is defined as soap destroying power of water.Hardness is mainly due to 4 dissolved compounds:Calcium bicarbonateCalcium sulfateMagnesium bicarbonateMagnesium sulfateOther compounds responsible for hardness are ...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Biostatistics
208c5211-1866-4a53-af2b-c3146bc0b99c
Which among the following is the drug of choice for iridocyclitis?
Atropine
Steroid
Pilocarpine
Timolol
0a
single
Although in a case of iridocyclitis, patient's eye is erythematous and cells are present in the anterior chamber, antibiotics are not indicated. The goals of pharmacotherapy are to reduce pain and inflammation through the use of cycloplegics and coicosteroids. To immobilize the iris and decrease pain, one may find trop...
Ophthalmology
null
d9baef69-de6f-4355-a843-a6e466cae784
Saints triad includes all except
Gall stones
Cholangitis
Diveiculosis
Hiatus hernia
1b
multi
Saint's triad is a medical condition in which there is concurrence of gallstones,hiatus hernia,diveiculosis of colon. Reference:SRB's manual of surgery,5th edition,page no:641.
Surgery
G.I.T
ea2d0a08-5f7f-479b-9138-ea6f2db14a7c
Benign prostatic hyperplasia first develops in the
Periurethral transition zone
Peripheral zone
Central zone
Anterior fibromuscular stroma
0a
single
Benign prostatic hyperplasia arises from submucosal glands of periurethral transitional zone with stromal proliferation and adenosis forming a nodular enlargement. It eventually compresses the peripheral zone glands into a false capsule and causes the appearance of typical 'lateral' lobes. Reference : page1345 Bailey a...
Surgery
Urology
1511d0bd-3573-4309-b1ff-b7405f560fb3
Curve A signifies which of the following?
Pulmonary fibrosis
Atelectasis
Emphysema
ARDS
2c
single
Curve A - increased in Emphysema Curve B - normal Curve C--> decreased in pulmonary fibrosis
Medicine
Interstitial Lung Disease
a137b24d-c3b6-457b-ad87-b697b005e147
In Glassgow Coma Scale which of the following is not a parameter?
Verbal
Eye
Motor
Sensory
3d
single
null
Surgery
null
8fa6f2d1-5030-459a-9850-9f1e1642ab28
A 43-year-old woman is diagnosed with mitral valve stenosis. During physical examination the first heart sound is abnormally loud. Which of the following heart valves are responsible for the production of the first heart sound?
Aortic and mitral
Aortic and tricuspid
Tricuspid and mitral
Mitral and pulmonary
2c
multi
The first heart sound is caused by the closure of the tricuspid and mitral valves. The second heart sound is caused by the closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves.
Anatomy
Thorax
11f74298-8fb8-427a-aac5-26621c9b8429
The single most common cause of pyrexia of unknown origin is -
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Salmonella typhi
Brucella spp
Salmonella paratyphi A
0a
single
Pyrexia of unknown origin is definedvas a temperature persistently above 38 degree celsius for more than 3 weeks,without diagnosis despite initial investigations during 3 days of inpatient care or after more than two outpatient visits. Specific organisms associated with PUP are tuberculosis( extrapulmonary - most commo...
Medicine
Infection
d935ead8-b913-4e1e-b282-268d98d3e18e
The Earliest sign of male puberty is :
Pubic hair
Axillary hair
Hoarseness of voice
Testicular enlargement
3d
single
In boys, first visible sign of puberty and hallmark of SMR2 is testicular enlargement, beginning as early as 9½ years. This is followed by penile growth during SMR3. Peak growth occurs when testis volumes reach approximately 9-10 cm3 during SMR4. Under the influence of LH and testosterone, and prostate enlarge. The lef...
Unknown
null
58223b39-75dd-434f-86f6-370c765eb15a
According to "Delhi Anatomy Act 1957", a person died in a road traffic accident, the body can be said to be unclaimed after.
24 hours
48 hours
72 hours
96 hours
3d
single
Unclaimed bodies to be used for anatomical examination.-- (1) Where a person under treatment in a hospital whether established by or vesting in, or maintained by, the Government or any local authority, dies in such hospital and his body is unclaimed, the authorities incharge of such hospital shall, with the least pract...
Forensic Medicine
Miscellaneous
dc54425c-264f-47e3-a0df-b015b51aa525
Glutathione peroxidase which protect erythrocytes against hemolysis contain the following element:
Chromium
Manganese
Zinc
Selenium
3d
single
In red blood cells, the pentose phosphate pathway is the sole source of NADPH for the reduction of oxidized glutathione. Reduced glutathione removes H2O2 in a reaction catalyzed by glutathione peroxidase, an enzyme that contains the selenium analog of cysteine (selenocysteine) at the active site. The reaction is impoan...
Biochemistry
null
e0248427-4241-4407-a494-b325afb804d0
Which of the following drug is used to perform stress echo?
Noradrenaline
Adenosine
Adrenaline
Dobutamine
3d
single
Dobutamine acts on beta 1 and beta2 receptors the hea contains beta1 receptors by stimulating beta1 receptors, dobutamine is producing stress-used for a stress echocardiogram An (echo) is a test used to assess the hea's function and structures. A stress echocardiogram is a test done to assess how well the hea works und...
Pharmacology
Cardiovascular system
aa793140-3b4f-4524-8bb1-48e8020986e7
Acantholysis is due to destruction of –
Epidermis
Subepidermis
Basement membrane
Intercellular substance
3d
single
Acantholysis occurs in → epidermis Acantholysis is due to destruction of → Intercellular substance containg desmoglein.
Dental
null
89ab6795-8533-4097-afcd-b2499cc76e8d
A 72-year-old man with COPD develops acute shortness of breath and presents to the hospital. He appears uncomfortable: blood pressure is 120/90 mm Hg, pulse 100/min, oxygen saturation 85% on room air. On examination of the chest, there is absent fremitus, absent breath sounds, and hyper resonant percussion of the right...
acute asthmatic attack
complete pneumothorax
large pleural effusion
atelectasis
1b
multi
Careful physical examination can be very useful in diagnosing many common pulmonary disorders. Atelectasis and large pleural effusions both can present with decreased fremitus, dullness or flatness to percussion, and absent breath sounds. In atelectasis, tracheal shift, if present, is toward the affected side, and the ...
Medicine
Respiratory
64c10a60-df89-4757-9fc8-22a9be167b8f
Which of the following antihypertensive drug is not used in pregnancy?(AIIMS May 2015, 2014)
Enalapril
Labetalol
Nifedipine
Hydralazine
0a
single
Ans. a. Enalapril (Ref: Williams Obstertrics 24/e p1006; Goodman and Gilman 12/e p736; Dutta 7/e p228; Katzung 12/e p299)Enatapril is the antihypertensive drug, which is not used in pregnancy."Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors: These drugs inhibit the conversion of angiotensin-I to the potent vasoconstrictor ang...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Management and Long-Term Consequences
09e96b89-6a4f-4bd5-a10a-f3591177249a
A 4-year-old boy is seen 1 h after ingestion of a lye drain cleaner. No oropharyngeal burns are noted, but the patient's voice is hoarse. Chest x-ray is normal. Of the following, which is the most appropriate therapy?
Immediate esophagoscopy
Parenteral steroids and antibiotics
Administration of an oral neutralizing agent
Induction of vomiting
1b
single
Corrosive injuries of the esophagus most frequently occur in young children due to accidental ingestion of strong alkaline cleaning agents. Significant esophageal injury occurs in 15% of patients with no oropharyngeal injury, while 70% of patients with oropharyngeal injury have no esophageal damage. Signs of airway inj...
Surgery
Heart & Pericardium
a602db65-4860-4bd6-afa2-1f90b75b431a
The diagnostic procedure not done in case of pheochromocytoma –
CT scan
MRI
FNAC
MIBG scan
2c
single
"Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration of chromaffin tumors is contraindicated; indeed, pheochromocytoma should be considered before adrenal lesions are aspirated."  "Catastrophic hypertensive crisis and fatal cardiac arrhythmias can occur spontaneously or may be triggered by intravenous contrast dye or glucagon injectio...
Radiology
null
f10ba407-29f8-42da-9c64-4752d464abc6
which of the following is a temperment type
novelty seeking
histirionic
anakastic
narcisstic
0a
single
temperment is a genitically related body biases in the modulation of conditioned behavioral responses to various external stimuli. there are 4 types of temperment namely novelty seeking reward dependence harm avoidance persistence this is a impoant question that is asked in entrance examinations Ref.Kaplon and sadock, ...
Psychiatry
Symptoms and signs in psychiatry and classification
6202a9a2-9169-405d-9a15-4640ac3544bb
Visual field defect in pituitary tumour with suprasellar extension is:
Visual field defect in pituitary tumour with suprasellar extension is:
Binasal hemianopia
Homonymous hemianopia
Pie in the sky vision
0a
single
A chiasmatic lesion (often owing to a pituitary tumor or a lesion around the sella turcica) can injure the decussating axons of retinal ganglion cells within the optic chiasm. These axons originate in the nasal halves of the two retinas. Thus, this type of lesion produces bitemporal hemianopsia, characterized by blindn...
Ophthalmology
null
01574861-fd5b-4f47-8e4c-b2c3ee12b6da
Risk factors for Endometriosis are all except
Nulliparity
Smoking
Early menarche
Alcohol consumption
1b
multi
Smoking is protective factor for Endometriosis.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
d2affa67-2915-4f63-8585-e9aac44c666b
A 36 year old male presents with weakness, pallor and bleeding gums. His HB was 7g %, total leukocyte count 1,10,000 cumm with many immature WBCs, which are positive for MPO and Platelet count 22,000/cumm
AML
CML
ALL
CLL
0a
multi
Leuocyte - 1,10,000/ cumm Peripheral smear contains immature WBCs MPO test is positive Recause of all three reasons patient is suffering from AML.
Pathology
null
b7b31b1a-ca16-431f-80ef-3382a8009d27
Not true in narcolepsy is-
Cataplexy
Sleep architecture normal
Loss of muscle tone
Hallucination
1b
multi
Ans. B. Sleep architecture normalThere is disturbed REM sleep.Cataplexy (sudden loss of muscle tone) is the most common accessory symptom.There may be hallucinations mostly hypnagogic and hypnopompic
Psychiatry
null
adc15f1a-58d8-4a9e-b600-280e1f174a05
A tumor has the following characteristics - retrobulbar location within the muscle cone, well defined capsule, presents with slowly progressive proptosis, easily resectable, occurs most commonly in the 2nd to 4th decade. Most likely diagnosis is -
Capillary hemangioma
Cavernous hemangioma
Lymhangioma
Hemangiopericytoma
1b
single
Ans. (b) Cavernuos hemangiomaRef: Kanski's 7/e, p. 105* Cavernous hemangioma is the most common benign, intraconal tumour in adults.* Presents with slowly progressive unilateral proptosis* CT - well circumscribed oval lesion, encapsulated
Ophthalmology
Orbit
e1c3e10b-30d3-4eca-bb2f-7f96d54f5af3
Confounding cannot be removed by?
Assign confounders to both cases and controls
Stratification
Matching
All of the above
3d
multi
All of the above REF: Park 20' edition page 68, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confounding There are various ways to modify a study design to actively exclude or control confounding variables In Case-control studies assign confounders to both groups, cases and controls, equally. In Coho studies matching is often done by ...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
15daca23-72a0-4a00-bd7e-6d7b34592f7b
Differences between IMNCI and IMCI include the following -
Identification and classification of common illnesses like malaria, diarrhoea, malnutrition
Incorporated guidelines on immunization
Training time devoted to sick young infant is more than for a child
IMNCI includes 0-7 days age programme
3d
single
<p> The Indian version of IMCI has been renamed as IMNCI. One of the major highlight is inclusion of 0-7 days age in the program. Reference:Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,K.Park,23rd edition,page no:460. <\p>
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health programmes in India
5fa30104-9e41-42ae-b785-9f27e35e75e7
Most commonly retained primary tooth is:
Maxillary first molar.
Mandibular first molar.
Maxillary lateral incisor.
Mandibular 2nd molar.
3d
single
null
Dental
null
a36b3478-8cad-43e2-8d03-3c48f95b5469
A patient with leukemia on chemotherapy develops acute right lower abdominal pain associated with anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. Which of following is the clinical diagnosis?
Appendictis
Leukemic colitis
Perforation peritonitis
Neutropenic colitis
3d
single
Answer is D (Neutropenic Colitis) Acute Right sided lower quadrant pain following chemotherapy in an immunocompromised host in characteristic of Neutropenic colitis. Tvphilitis : Syn : Neutropenic colitis, Necrotizing colitis, Necrotizing enteropathy, ileocoecal syndrome or cecitis. This syndrome is classically seen in...
Medicine
null
13eb3fa8-bc1a-4867-9b5f-1358f9265c36
The collagen triple helix structure is not found in -
Cytoplasm
Golgi apparatus
Lumen of endoplasmic reticulum
Intracellular vesicles
0a
single
Triple helix formation occurs in endoplasmic reticulum at procollagen level. Triple helix of procollagen is packed into secretory intracellular vesicles in the Golgi-apparatus. These vesicles then secrete the procollagen into extracellular space where it is converted to tropocollagen (collagen monomer). Tropocollagens ...
Biochemistry
null
fdbc36b6-e71f-4628-97b2-d860700fac55
A young boy had a flea bite while working in a wheat grain godown. After 5 days he developed fever and had axillary lymphadenopathy. A smear was sent to the laboratory to perform a specific staining. Which one of the following staining method would help in the identification of the suspected pathogen -
Albert staining
Ziehl-Neelsen staining
McFadyean's staining
Wayson staining
3d
single
null
Microbiology
null
c4897870-8be9-4870-8339-26c065e9294e
A 10 years old boy, suffering from nephrotic syndrome developed peritonitis. Which of the following organism is most commonly responsible?
E. coli
Klebsiella
Group A streptococci
Bacteroides fragilis
2c
single
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP): ASCITES Children - MCC is Nephrotic syndrome Due to bacterial translocation M/C organism responsible Adults: E. coli Children: Group A streptococci
Surgery
Peritoneum
108b4765-9c79-43e9-b9bf-5b54351a471f
Calculate the range from the following distribution –
10
15
20
25
1b
single
Don’t get confused by size and number. Just look for largest and smallest value. Largest value = 75 Smallest value = 60 Range = 75 - 60 =15
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
29380deb-8d7c-4c99-8e92-9ec38aa87e1f
40 years old female with a 2 cms nodule in the breast & a proved metastatic node in the axilla, treatment is?
Quadrantectomy
Mastectomy with local radiotherapy
Patey's with adjuvant chemotherapy
Halstedt's operation with tamoxifenFibroadenosis
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e. Patey's with adjuvant chemotherapy
Surgery
null
5f5fabef-1e6b-4fa6-9131-b76e2a48e32e
All of the following statements about Miliary Tuberculosis are true Except -
May occur following primar in fection
May occur follwoing secondary reactivation
Sputum microscopy is usually negative
Montoux is always positive
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Montoux is always positive o Montoux test is not always positive in cases of miliary tuberculosis.o It may be regative /non reactive as result of energy.Miliary Tuberculosis may occur foil only primary infection and secondary reactivationo Miliary tuberculosis is due to hematogenous dissemination of t...
Medicine
Bacteriology
d4366622-7dc7-488a-9785-00572dc69a1d
According to WHO, membranous glomerulonephritis seen in SLE, is ?
Class II
Class III
Class IV
Class V
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Class V KIDNEY INVOLVEMENT IN SLE (LUPUS NEPHRITIS) A. Glomerular disease T1. here are several versions of WHO classification of lupus nephritis ? Minimal or no detectable abnormalities (class 1) It occurs in less than 5% of patients. Has best prognosis. 2. Mesangial lupus glomerulonephritis (class II...
Pathology
null
aa5714a4-20eb-42ac-a4b9-48551ecb7134
Majority of the hormone levels will decrease with aging. Which of the following hormone does NOT obey this rule?
Growth hormone
Prolactin
Testosterone
Aldosterone
1b
single
Growth hormone, Testosterone, aldosterone will decrease with aging, but prolactin level increases with aging. Ref:Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 575
Medicine
null
807db8d7-a8ff-4b70-9030-4d3ef236f604
A 4 month old boy with fever and cough for 3 days. The child O/E has rhonchi; RR 48/min. no chest indrawing. Which of the following is false?
Treatment for wheeze
Antibiotics should not be given
Child has pneumonia
Fever should be treated
2c
multi
Ans. C. Child has pneumoniaBreathing difficulty can be a prominent sign of pneumonia. Up to 2 months, RR >60/min is considered as breathing difficulty. In age group 2-12 months, RR >50 is considered as breathing difficulty. So in 4 month old child, RR-48/min is not breathing difficulty or pneumonia
Pediatrics
Respiratory System
28b55428-a979-4e23-9b8c-11973a2d17f8
All of the following muscles are paralyzed in trauma to median nerve at the wrist except -
Adductor pollicis
Abductor pollicis
First two lumbicals
Muscles of the Thenar eminence
0a
multi
Adductor pollicis is the only thenar muscles, which is supplied by ulnar nerve.
Orthopaedics
null
cd5dcae4-94e5-4c12-90a2-83d344121a41
Peritoneum is opened in all of the following sterilization procedures except :
Mini lap
Laparoscopy
Vasectomy
Transvaginal tubectomy
2c
multi
Ans. is c i.e. Vasectomy Vasectomy consists of dividing the vas deferens and disrupting the passage of sperms. It is done through a small incision in the scrotum under LA. There is no need to open the peritoneum.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
c8e6c557-4695-4d31-b60d-0ab19081c647
Digoxin can accumulate to toxic levels in patients with:
Renal insufficiency
Chronic hepatitis
Advanced cirrhosis
Chronic pancreatitis
0a
single
Digoxin is primarily excreted unchanged by the kidney, mainly by glomerular filtration. Rate of excretion is altered parallel to creatinine clearance. Its  t½  is prolonged in elderly patients and in those with renal insufficiency: dose has to be reduced.  Digoxin is a cumulative drug. When maintenance doses are given ...
Pharmacology
null
a7172d75-b450-4c83-b33d-272eabbc851c
Shape of normal distribution curve?
J shape
U shape
Bell shape
None
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Bell shape o Standard normal curve (Gaussian distribution) is bell shape curve.
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
18692390-0771-4904-84e1-86e063f895c0
Rhinitis medicamentosa is caused by excessive use of ?
Topical decongestants
Topical steroids
Systemic decongestants
Systemic steroids
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Topical decongestants Rhinitis medicamentosa Caused by excessive use of topical decongestant nasal drops. It is treated by withdrawal of nasal drops, sho course of systemic steroid therapy and in some cases surgical reduction of turbinates, if they have become hyperophied.
ENT
null
38c05330-1414-4363-8197-c1fcc08b928b
A synchronous cardioversion is given in
AF
Ventricular fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Ventricular tachycardia
1b
single
null
Medicine
null
101ee2a3-3b90-43f7-a86b-b6de3f99ee2d
The type of Hodgkin's lymphoma include -a) Nodular sclerosisb) Lymphocyte depletionc) Mixed cellularityd) Mantle cell lymphomae) Lymphoplasmacytic
ab
abc
acd
bcd
1b
single
Hodgkin lymphoma                                                               The term "Hodgkin lymphoma" encompasses a group of lymphoid neoplasm that is characterized by the presence of distinctive neoplastic giant cells called Reed-Sternberg cells. Reed-sternberg cells induce the accumulation of reactive lymphocyt...
Pathology
null
31dc9921-1eee-4d72-adba-34d3e10f08e4
Most malignant carcinoma of the bladder is -
Malignant vinous tumour
Solid tumour
Carcinomatous ulcer
Adenocarcinoma
1b
single
Muscle Invasive tumor nearly always solid.
Surgery
null
c59942b7-24ee-4511-81d9-5ca2f3c716e7
True about serratus anterior ?
Causes protraction
Causes lateral rotation
Supplied by thoracodorsal nerve
Forms lateral boundary of axilla
0a
multi
Serratus anterior causes protraction of scapula.It is supplied by long thoracic nerve (Nerve of Bell).It forms medial boundary of axilla.Serratus anteriorOrigin : Outer surface of upper 8 ribs by 8 digitations (multipennate muscles).Inseion : Medial border of scapula and inferior angle.Nerve supply : Long thoracic nerv...
Anatomy
null
d8523096-5a84-4ad6-b752-28b1f588fb3a
You are planning a screening program for a paicular disease in your community. Which of the following is the MOST cost effective method of screening?
Multiphasic screening
Mass screening
High risk screening
Any of the above
2c
multi
High risk screening is the most productive as it is done on the high risk groups. Here there is proper utilisation of resources. Mass screening involves the whole population, so it is done in the entire population irrespective of the risk. In multiphasic screening 2 or more screening test for a single disease is used f...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
3bec7da6-b38e-4252-a948-10060f973331
In patients of leprosy, Lepromin test is used for:
Treatment
Prognosis
Diagnosis
Epidemiological investigations
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e. Prognosis [Ref: Park 20/e, p 282 (19/ep271, 18/e p258)JLepromin test is not a diagnostic test, as it may give positive result in normal subjects and negative results in lepromatous and near-lepromatous cases.Uses of Lepromin testto evaluate the immune status (cell mediated immunity) of leprosy patients...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Communicable Diseases
82d94dfe-7c15-46a1-b7dc-8168bb0d7066
Non hormonal drug to prevent post menopausal osteoporosis is :
Alendronate
Estrogen
Raloxifene
Parathyroid
0a
single
Ans. is a i.e. Alendronate Alenderonate, Etidronate, Pamidronate, Ibandronate are bisphosphonates which inhibit bone resorption, and are very effective for both osteoporosis prevention and treatment. Uses : * Postmenopausal osteoporosis Paget's disease Osteolytic bone metastasis. Caution : Patient should be instructed ...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
abdb9953-9157-4e07-849d-dcfeffbe2432
True about hydatid cyst of liver -a) Caused by E. granulosusb) In 80% cases cyst is singlec) Blood culture helpfuld) Surgery is the only treatment.
ac
a
ad
ab
3d
multi
null
Surgery
null
04046919-853c-4fa7-a230-cb04d8f5f55e
Which of the following drug is not a pa of the triple therapy immuno suppression for post-renal transplant patients?
Cyclosporine
Azathioprine
FK 506
Prednisolone
2c
single
Triple therapy immunosuppression given to all post-renal transplant recipients for 0-3 months includes, a calcineurin blocker (cyclosporine or tacrolimus), an anti-proliferative agent (mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine) and a coicosteroid such as predisolone. FK 506 is not a pa of 'triple therapy'. Ref: Bailey and ...
Surgery
null
29c31bdc-23da-46c5-9576-c983219481c7
Christmas tree cataract is seen in:
Down's syndrome
Rubella
Myotonic dystrophy
Diabetes
2c
single
Ans. Myotonic dystrophy
Ophthalmology
null
888efad5-2cdc-4140-a544-98fdc4a1eabd
Most common cause of infant morntality?
LBW
Injury
A
Tetanus
2c
single
Most common cause of Infant moality is upper respiratory tract diseases. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 522
Social & Preventive Medicine
obstetrics,pediatrics and geriatrics
308e9dba-0307-445a-802b-53a9bfd288b4
Hemolytic uraemic syndrome associate with
E. coli 0157
Malaria
Parvovirus B19
Baonela henselae
0a
single
EHEC Entero haemorrhagic E.coli Cause HUS Shiga like toxin or Verotoxin (VT-1& VT-2) Aka verotoxigenic E.coli Culture media is Sorbitol mac-Conkey agar (SMAC) and Rainbow agar used Diarrhoea causing E coli EPEC - Entero Pathogenic Attaching/Effacing lesions to villi EIEC - Entero Invasive resemble shigellosis & sereny ...
Microbiology
FMGE 2019
c1636604-5115-45f8-9743-faf7abc74347
Chloroquine is used in the treatment of :
DLE
Pemphigus
Psoriasis
Nummular eczema
0a
single
chloroquine is a rapidly acting erythrocytic schizontocide against all species of plasmodia; controls most clinical attacks in 1-2 days with disappearance of parasites from peripheral blood in 1-3 days. The mechanism of action of chloroquine is not completely known. It is actively concentrated by sensitive intraerythro...
Pharmacology
Chemotherapy
22108973-c532-4831-9d70-458e3eed507b
Post mortem caloricity is seen with -
Arsenic
Lead
Datura
Strychnine
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Stry chnine Post mortem caloricity:o The temperature of body remains raised for first two hours or so after death.o It is seen with:WTten the regulation of heat production has been severely disturbed before death as in sunstroke & some nervous disordersWhen there has been a great increase in heat prod...
Forensic Medicine
Injuries
7d5e23c0-6d32-463f-80d1-6b3380390c65
All of the following are true about Graves disease except
Cardiac failure is common
Hypertrophy and hyperplasia or thyroid gland is due to TSH- Rab
Remissions and exacerbations are not infrequent
It is highly vascular with audible bruit
2c
multi
null
Surgery
null
78da649d-f03a-4f88-a258-015549f553b7
A 55 year old man, a chronic smoker is brought to emergency with history of polyuria, polydipsia, nausea and altered sensorium for last two days. He had been diagnosed as having squamous cell carcinoma of lung two months prior to this. On examination, he was lethargic and confused. An ECG was normal except for a narrow...
Hypematremia
Hypercalcemia
Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
1b
multi
Answer is B (Hypercalcemia) : Presence of a shoened QT interval along with a history ofpolyuria and altered sensorium in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma suggest a diagnosis of hypercalcemia secondary to paraneoplastic syndrome. The Paraneoplastic syndromes in Broncogenic carcinoma could lead to several electroly...
Medicine
null
c8da052f-cc2c-43ec-9b24-2e15c301cd5a
Induction of labour is indicated in all of the following except
Diabetes
Hypertension
Renal disease
Heart disease
3d
multi
null
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
b10fa62f-6306-4080-8c73-887d3c82aaa6
All are examples of competitive enzyme blockage except
Cyclooxygenase by Aspirin
Thymidylate synthase by 5-FU
Coagulation by Dicumarol
DHFR by Methotrexate
0a
multi
Kinetics of enzyme inhibition Competitive inhibitionNon competitive inhibitionKm Increased No change V max No change Decreased Significance Drug action Toxicological (Refer: Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, 26th edition, pg no: 67-68)
Anatomy
All India exam
0fc53684-29c8-47b5-8cd6-e7555dc923e6
The lecithin sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio is measured for assessing maturity of the following organ:
Lung
Brain
Hea
Spleen
0a
single
The lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio for assessment of fetal pulmonary maturity. Before 34 weeks, lecithin and sphingomyelin are present in amniotic fluid in similar concentrations. At 32 to 34 weeks, the concentration of lecithin relative to sphingomyelin begins to rise. In the absence of complications, the ratio of...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
9ae662cb-fa0f-4a93-8c8c-dad68746c54e
Time interval between inoculation of infection to maximum infectivity is -
Lead time
Median incubation period
Generation time
Serial inverval
2c
single
An infection becomes apparent only after a ceain incubation period which is defined as the time interval between invasion by an epidemiological agent and the appearance of first sign or symptoms. During incubation period the infectious agent undergoes multiplication in the host Incubation period is of fundamental impoa...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
af95c7d0-1765-4e90-834e-06f692e4e567
Acanthosis nigricans is caused by which drug -
Amphotericin-B
Ketoconazole
Nicotinic acid
Nalidixil acid
2c
single
null
Medicine
null
7c8ce370-3539-4dcc-8faa-e720f166c83c
Cone biopsy is indicated in all the following conditions except:
Indefinite diagnosis on colposcopy
CIN-III
Cervical metaplasia
Microinvasive carcinoma
2c
multi
null
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
19b893df-b597-4627-a7ed-fb21b8494e96
Which of the following is a better predictor of vagal tone
Basal heart rate
Ejection fraction
Stroke volume
LVET
0a
single
In the given options, all are influenced by sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. Right vagus mainly innervates SA node, right atrium and left vagus innervates left atrium, AV node, a bundle of His. But vagal innervation of the ventricle is sparse. Hence, vagal stimulation strongly inhibits heart rate (strong - neg...
Pharmacology
null
1ba79d5e-bb1c-42d0-b041-68ccc6587e50
Which of the following is a physiological uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation:
2, 4dinitrophenol
Cyanide
Thermogenin
Cyanide
2c
single
Uncoupler: Uncoupler means electron flow (oxidation) is occurring but phoshorylation is not occurring. This will lead to reduced ATP formation as phosphorylation is not occurring. It will stimulate electron transpo in order to produce more ATPs. Thermogenin, a protein present in brown fat, is a natural/physiological un...
Biochemistry
ETC
95b6320b-9adb-42fb-a4bc-f11223161419
Metachromatic Granules are stained by -
Ponder's stain
Negative stain
Gram's stain
Leishman stain
0a
single
The granules are often situated at the poles of the bacilli and are called Polar bodies they are more strongly Gram positive than the rest of the bacterial cell stained with Loefflers methyelene blue the granules take up a bluish purple colur and are hence called Metachromatic Granules . They are also called Volutin or...
Microbiology
general microbiology
f205259c-bc33-453b-92ca-9b41105c9d70
Which of the following is the most common side effect seen with fluoxetine therapy?
Seizure
Anxiety
Hypotension
Loose stools
1b
single
Fluoxetine is an SSRI and it's adverse effects are nausea, vomiting, insomnia, headache, restlessness, anxiety and sexual dysfunction. Inhibition of platelet function may result in ecchymosis. Ref KD Tripati 8th ed.
Pharmacology
Central Nervous system
1476b7a3-8969-47b3-8d68-dfdfcd296042
A mother gave bih to a male baby in her home 2 days ago. The mother complaints that she is anxious, unable to tolerate heat and is fatigued most of the time, and repos that she has not gained much weight despite having an increased appetite. She also told that before pregnancy too she had similar complaints. On examina...
Hea failure
Constipation
Third-degree hea block
Macrocephaly
0a
single
Neonate is probably at risk for neonatal thyrotoxicosis. Neonatal thyrotoxicosis: Occurs due of maternally acquired thyrotropin receptor-stimulating antibody (TRSAb). Usually disappears within 2 to 4 months as the concentration of TRSAb falls. Unlike TRSAb, TSH does not cross the placenta. All forms of thyrotoxicosis a...
Pediatrics
Thyroid disorders
91246682-d886-47ec-9024-2c2156e9de1f
Toxic shock syndrome occurs after one of the following vaccinations
DPT
Recombinant DNA vaccine against hepatitis B
Oral polio vaccine
Measles vaccine
3d
single
TSS occurs when measles vaccine is contaminated or the same l is used for more than one section on the same day or next day, the vaccine should not be used after 4hrs of opening the l. Symptoms - watery diarrhoea, vomiting and high fever are repoed within few hours of measles vaccine. Ref: Park&;s textbook of preventiv...
Microbiology
Virology
79db9540-ebff-4195-8a4b-9e3512123c8e
Which of the following statement is not true about domperidone?
It rarely causes extrapyramidal side effects
It is a D2 receptor antagonist
Its antiemetic efficacy is higher than metoclopramide
It causes loose stool
2c
multi
Domperidone is an antiemetic which is classed under prokinetic drugs. It is a D2 antagonist; But it crosses blood brain barrier poorly - hence extrapyramidal side effects are rare, hyperprolactinemia can occur. Its antiemetic efficacy is LOWER than metoclopramide. Side effects are much less than with metoclopramide; dr...
Pharmacology
Central Nervous system
82148d5e-8855-47ae-a824-a6e3447496e9
A 30-year-old male patient presents with complaints of weakness in right upper and both lower limbs for last 4 months. He developed digital infarcts involving 2nd and 3rd fingers on right side and 5th finger on left side. On examination. BP was 160 140 mm Hg. all peripheral pulses were palpable and there was asymmetric...
Polyarteritis nodosa
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Wegener's granulomatosis
Mixed cryoglobulinemia
0a
multi
null
Medicine
null
b2ba9bbe-eaa5-4777-a118-8342b11801a9
The rate of tarnish and corrosion of class II cast material having VHN 200 is
0%
2 to 3%
5 to 10%
<1%
0a
single
null
Dental
null
eafcd589-2ba8-4183-ad9e-c2256f69a2b1
Trismus is due to spasm of which muscle?
Orbiculis
Lateral pterygoid
Mentalis
Medial pterygoid
3d
single
Ans. D Medial pterygoidRef: Gray's Anatomy 41st ed. P 552* Trismus/Lock jaw is painful reflex muscle spasm. It occurs due to spasm of muscle of mastication and leads to inability to open the oral cavity* Trismus occurs due to involvement of masseter or medial pterygoid muscle or due to sub mucosal fibrosis.* Note: Infe...
Anatomy
Neuroanatomy