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135
aceac33b-6512-4e5e-b9a6-a8ad9fd2aead
Substance with same atomic number but different mass number:
Isotope
Isobar
Isomer
Molecule
0a
single
Ans. a (Isotope). (Ref. Radioactive isotope in Medicine Biology by Quimby, 2nd ed., 26)TERMDEFINITIONE-g.IsotopesAtoms having same atomic numbers, different mass numbers (hence different neutron number)e.g., 17CI35, 17CI37IsobarsAtoms having same mass numbers, different atomic number (hence different neutron number)e.g...
Biochemistry
Miscellaneous (Bio-Chemistry)
ed981c8a-b52a-41b2-ab5a-4b9f7df6ca60
All the following are examples of atrophy Except
Skeletal muscle, following transection of its motor neuron
Skeletal muscles, following long-term immobilization of the broken extremity in a cast
Ovary following hypophysectomy
Endometrium following long-term administration of estrogen
3d
multi
All Answers Except for D are examples of atrophy. Atrophy of skeletal muscles can result from a loss of innervation due to the spinal cord or peripheral nerve trauma. Inactivity, as is often seen following the long-term immobilization of an extremity in a cast, has the same effect. Hypophysectomy is accompanied by atro...
Physiology
All India exam
91079149-0fc6-4a09-ad1f-865c0bc21220
Which of the following is true about Pseudodementia?
A form of cortical dementia
Seen in patients with depression
A form of subcortical dementia
Dementia secondary to organic condition
1b
multi
Ans. B. Seen in patients with depressionPseudodementia is a syndrome seen in older people in which they exhibit symptoms consistent with dementia, but the cause is actually depression.Older people with predominantly cognitive symptoms such as loss of memory, and vagueness, as well as prominent slowing of movement and r...
Psychiatry
Organic Mental Disorder
114a440b-96c2-4aa2-ae50-05879cfba90d
Which of the following is false about clavicle
Ossify paly in membrane and paly in cailage
Transmits pa of the weight of upper limb to the axial skeleton
It is subcutaneous throughout its length
Fractures typically occur at the junction of medial 1/3rd and lateral 2/3rd
3d
multi
Fracture of the clavicle typically occur at the junction of the medial 3/5th and lateral 2/5th. Middle-third or midshaft region of the clavicle is the most common site for a fracture, especially the junction of medial 3/5th and lateral 2/5th It is the junction where the 2 primary ossification centers meet. It is also w...
Anatomy
All India exam
12feba54-e955-40a5-946f-9ffa84bddcf7
Features of pneumothorax are all except –
Devoid of lung markings
Hypertranslucency
Shift of mediastinum to same side
Collapse of ipsilateral lung
2c
multi
There is shift of mediastinum to opposite (contralateral) side (not same side).
Radiology
null
b37906c4-b3a2-493d-adf8-5ac49a26b4c3
A female developed a well circumscribed swelling on the nape of her neck. It is not transilluminant, painless and easily moveable. Which of the following one is NOT brilliantly transilluminant?
Vaginal hydrocele of infant
Cystic hygroma
Sacral meningocele
Lipoma
3d
single
Lipomas are single or multiple, benign subcutaneous tumors that are easily recognized because they are soft, rounded, or lobulated and movable against the overlying skin. It is not transilluminant. Lipomas are composed of fat cells that have the same morphology as normal fat cells. Also know: Familial lipoma syndrome, ...
Surgery
null
e816e48f-4c86-4132-851d-c3370a62681e
An infant with intolerance to breast feed, vomiting and diarrhoea develops cataract. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Lowe syndrome
Galactosemia
Fabry disease
Congenital hypoglycemia
1b
single
Ans. (b) GalactosemiaRef: Kanski 7/e, p. 301Galactosemia - becomes manifest during infancy with features of failure to thrive, lethargy, vomiting and diarrhea. Reducing substance is found in urine after drinking milk.Cataract develops (oil droplet central opacity) within first few days to weeks of life. The exclusion o...
Ophthalmology
Lens
1eb84278-ce12-4824-be68-d7e243bcb45a
In general, the last muscle to be rendered akinetic with a retrobulbar anesthetic block is:
Superior rectus
Superior oblique
Inferior oblique
Levator palpebral superioris
1b
single
B i.e. Superior Oblique In retrobulbar block, a good sign of correct needle placement is the onset of ptosis during the injection. This may be used as the end point to limit the injection volume. This volume should block all the relevant sensory nerves and the motor nerves to all structures, except perhaps the orbicula...
Anaesthesia
null
46ae5570-e2fd-4498-ad48-f490a252f715
Most common cause of hyperthyroidism-
Thyroid hyperplasia
Thyroid adenoma
Thyroid carcinoma
Grave disease
3d
single
null
Medicine
null
886ce7ab-d7c5-43c1-9787-cf5ff191548a
The duct of parotid gland pierces all these structures except
Buccal pad of fat
Buccinator
Buccopharyngeal fasia
Masseter
3d
multi
(D) (Masseter) (110 BDC-3 6th)Parotid Duct /Stenson Duct* It is thick walled and is about 5 cm long. It emerges from the middle of the anterior border of the glands, it runs forward and slighty down wards on the masseter. Here its relation are :Superiorly1. Accessory parotid gland2. Transverse facial vessels3. Upper bu...
Anatomy
Head & Neck
508000f9-9c68-4967-81eb-8dffc1ea684e
All of the following are approaches to Temporomandibular joint, except
Hind's retromandibular approach
Gillie's temporal approach
Alkayat-Bramley preauricular incision
Endaural approach
1b
multi
null
Surgery
null
976a53f2-6966-46ad-9af8-c3fde0a591b5
Post-infective glomerulonephritis present as -
ARF
Nephrotic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome
Asymptomatic hematuria
2c
single
null
Pathology
null
6e9fe483-1e29-4c17-8236-46c73aa55dd3
All are true about thymoma except:
MC tumor in anterior mediastinum
Treatment is thymectomy
Symptomatic cases present as endocrine abnormalities
May be associated with myasthenia gravis
2c
multi
Answer- C. Symptomatic cases present as endocrine abnormalitiesCharachteristic SyndromesMyaesthenia Gravis (most common)Acquired Hypogammaglobulinemia (10%)Pure Red Cell Aplasiac
Surgery
null
734dba62-996b-4f10-9ede-7f197afdf22b
This instrument is based on the principle of
Henry's law
Widmarck's law
Osmosis
Neutron activation analysis
0a
single
This is based on Henry's law which states that when a volatile chemical (ethanol) is dissolved in a liquid (blood) and is brought to equilibrium with air (alveolar breath), there is a fixed ratio between the concentration of the volatile compound (ethanol) in air (alveolar breath) and its concentration in the liquid (b...
Forensic Medicine
Drug Abuse
07e63d9c-4458-45e9-9547-5d1c3875b72e
A 55-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with a complaint of severe headaches. A lumbar puncture reveals traces of blood in the cerebrospinal fluid. Which of the following conditions has most likely occurred in this patient?
Fracture of the pterion with vascular injury
A ruptured "berry" aneurysm
Leakage of branches of the middle meningeal vein within the temporal bone
A tear of the cerebral vein at the entrance to the superior sagittal sinus
1b
single
When a berry aneurysm ruptures, the blood flows into the subarachnoid space and therefore mixes with CSF; thus, blood would be present in the CSF when a lumbar puncture is performed. The pterion overlies the anterior branch of the middle meningeal vessels, and damage to these vessels would result in an epidural hematom...
Anatomy
Head & Neck
101b183c-c15c-4bac-856f-0b0aeb844f79
α1 -antitrypsin deficiency is associated with -
Centriacinar emphysema
Panacinar-emphysema
Paraseptal-emphysema
Irregular-emphysema
1b
single
null
Pathology
null
d9103de5-c5a6-4f69-8f0e-0374c07f6e6c
A 2 year old boy suffering from leukaemia, following are the X-ray finding – a) Osteolytic lesion in flat bonesb) Metaphysial osteoporosisc) Periosteal new bone formationd) Osteosclerosis of long bonee) Transverse line of dark band below the growth plate
bce
acde
abcd
abde
1b
single
Leukemia Dark bands above the metaphysis called Growth Arrest Lines. These translucent transverse metaphyseal bands are the earliest & characteristic findings. Metaphyseal lucencies affects maximum growth. Characterstically, there are zones of rerefaction with delicate subperiosteal new bone formation in the metaphysi...
Radiology
null
49f83f94-f9ea-4dc1-baef-e3296ed9b525
All the following structures have Blood-Brain Barrier except
Pineal body
Hypophysis cerebri
Area postrema to IV ventricle
Mammilary body
3d
multi
Some areas of the brain are devoid of the blood-brain barrier. These include pineal body, hypophysis cerebri, choroid plexuses and area postrema in fouh ventricle of brainReference: Chourasia; 6th edition; 462 page
Anatomy
General anatomy
b94ab480-08e9-4838-b9e0-8dffb28d11fd
X-ray showing air column between soft tissue mass and posterior wall of the nasopharynx is suggestive of
Ethmoidal polyp
Antrochoanal polyp
Nasal myiasis
None of the above
1b
multi
In case of antrochoanal polyps, X-ray of paranasal air sinuses may show opacity of the involved antrum. X-ray (lateral view) of soft tissue nasopharynx, reveals a globular swelling in the postnasal space. It is differentiated from angiofibroma by the presence of a column of air behind the polyp.
ENT
null
4e1a2c22-52d9-4128-9627-4289f407100e
Inhalation agent incompatable with sodaline
Isoflurane
Trichloro Ethylene
Methoxy flurane
Enflurane
1b
single
B i.e. Trichloro ethylene Sodalime with trilene forms phosgene (neurotoxic) gas.Q So this combination is contraindicated. Sodalime is a mixture of 94% (Ca(OH)2 + 5% NaOH as catalyst + 1% KOHQ; with granule size of 4-8 meshQ. It should not be used with : The drier the sodalime, the more likely it will degrade & absorb v...
Anaesthesia
null
2416c0d9-eab0-4bbb-8797-efd95b2e24a4
A person is having HBsAg negative, Anti-HBs positive, Anti HBc positive. Most probable diagnosis is?
Immunity due to vaccination of hepatitis B
Immunity due to infection of hepatitis B
Acute infection of hepatitis B
Chronic infection of hepatitis B
1b
single
Immunity due to infection of hepatitis B REF: CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment Chapter 16. Liver, Biliary Tract, & Pancreas Disorders See APPENDIX-28 for "MARKERS OF HEPATITIS-B"
Surgery
null
1118c7ce-13c8-44a3-9fd0-e14141fc0eac
Tobey ayer test is seen in -
Sigmoid sinus thrombosis
Saggital sinus thrombosis
Uncal herniation
Serous otitis media
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sigmoid sinus thrombosis * Lateral or sigmoid sinus thrombophlebitis arises from inflammation in the adjacent mastoid. It may occur as a complication of: -i) Acute coalescent mastoiditisii) CSOM and cholesteatomaClinical features* Hectic Picket-Fence type of fever with rigor.* Headache, Progressive an...
ENT
Ear
0bd91a09-216b-491a-ae04-027d180e9147
Norplant 1 is expected to be effective up to:
2 years
5 years
7 years
9 years
1b
single
Norplant 1 contains 6 silastic capsules of which each contains 36 microgram of levonorgestrel. It is expected to be effective for up to 5 years. Ref: Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology, 12th Edition, Page 179.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
ac7adbd9-d0b2-4d66-8b4e-f883d32e611e
Bedsore is an example of ?
Tropical ulcer
Trophic ulcer
'Venous ulcer
Post thrombotic ulcer
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Trophic ulcer "Trophic ulcers are neurogenic ulcers which are caused by various factors such as impairment of nutrition of the tissues, inadequate blood supply and neurological deficit. Bed sore is included in the group of "trophic ulcers"
Surgery
null
849ae302-5749-4c1d-bfe5-e03161cc07f5
Thrombocytosis is a recognised feature of -a) Myelofibrosisb) Systemic lupus erythematosisc) Azidothymidine therapy d) Myelodysplastic syndrome
b
c
ad
ab
2c
single
null
Medicine
null
3b9f5705-71c4-4fe9-86cf-54c1f836d28d
Not true about bacterial vaginosis :
Clue cells present
With KOH gives amine smell
pH < 4.5
white, milky discharge
2c
multi
white milky,non viscous discharge adherent to vaginal wall ph >4.5 fishy odour when mixed with 10% KOH Clue cells present SHAW&;S TEXTBOOK OF GYNAECOLOGY,Pg no:131,15th edition
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Infections of the genital tract
7e33cc46-437c-46d2-a8ff-3d5864ea8957
What is the infraclavicular lesion of tuberculosis known as?
Gohn's focus
Puhl's focus
Assman's focus
Simmon's focus
2c
single
Infraclavicular lesion of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis is Assman's focus.Puhl's lesion: It is the site of isolated lesion of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis. It is situated at the apex of lung because blood flow and diffusion is sluggish.
Pathology
null
ee8a417f-15a5-4aa1-8865-f1b299204461
Vagina] adenosis is evident in women who had exposure to _____ in utero -
DES
Asbestos
Cadmium
Nickel
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., DES o Adenosis is found in only a small percentage of adult women, but has been reported in 35% to 96% of women exposed to DES in utero.During embryonal development, the vagina is initially covered by columnar, endocervical-type epithelium.This is normally replaced by squamous epithelium advancing upw...
Pathology
Female Genital Tract
e72524a0-7217-4bd7-a74f-be816d0a18cd
Patient with thin painless otorrhoea, multiple perforations of the tympanic membrane and failure to respond to antimicrobial treatment. What is the most probable causative organism ?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Staphylococcus aureus
Candida albicans
Aspegillusfumigatus
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Mycobacterium tuberculosis Thin painless otorrhoea, multiple perforations of the tympanic membrane and failure to respond to antimicrobial treatment are the features of tubercular otitis media and it is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
ENT
null
1744f130-954e-457c-8133-217e9e9fe365
S shaped eyelid is seen in:
Plexiform neurofibroma
Hemangioma
Aerio venious fistula
Varix
0a
single
Ans. Plexiform neurofibroma
Ophthalmology
null
2b087aee-7bea-48d9-96f2-658c041eccd0
Best drug for chronic gout in patient with renal impairment is -
Naproxen
Probenecid
Allopurinol
Sulfinpyrazone
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Allopurinol o NSAIDs like naproxen have no role in chronic gout. o Uricosuric drugs like probenecid and sulfinpyrazone are ineffective in the presence of renal insufficiency. o Allopurinol is drug of choice for most cases of chronic gout.
Pharmacology
null
f6b2e59f-82a5-4dd9-b642-ca260d065b09
Elderly male has 0.5 mm dilated toous vein in the posterior pa of right calf. What is stage as per CEAP classification?
C0
C1
C2
C3
1b
single
CEAP classification system: Used for chronic venous disorders (Clinical- etiology- Anatomy- Pathophysiology) CLINICAL (C OF CEAP) CLASSIFICATION (C0-6) Any limb with possible chronic venous disease is first placed into one seven clinical classes (C0-6), according to the objective signs of disease. Class Features 0 No v...
Surgery
NEET 2019
8c2a87dc-5801-49b1-aee7-b7d207f245f4
Tolazoline is used as:
A thrombin inhibitor in peripheral angiography
A vasodilator in treating coronary artery stenosis during angio procedures
A vasoconstrictor in treatment of varices
An antispasmodic during biliary spasm
1b
single
null
Pharmacology
null
3ecb2b24-6581-43bb-be15-06863df9cc51
A patient with intestinal malabsorption is found to markedly improve when flour products (bread, noodles, etc.) are removed from his diet. At the height of the patient's disease, marked histologic changes would be seen at which of the following sites?
Distal large bowel
Distal small bowel
Entire large bowel
Proximal small bowel
3d
multi
The patient has celiac disease, which is apparently an acquired hypersensitivity to the gluten (such as gliadin) in wheat. Unlike tropical sprue (which may be related to enterotoxigenic E. coli infection), which involves the entire small bowel, celiac sprue is usually limited to the proximal small bowel. This may occur...
Pathology
null
eebd0845-845d-4ec5-ada6-8ae3fc673b3a
In an act of tribadism, the active paner is known as AIIMS 12; COMEDK 14
Bugger
Butch
Catamite
Femme
1b
single
Ans. Butch
Forensic Medicine
null
8deb4b99-b356-4484-b59e-1b7e68a691d4
Coagulative necrosis is
Characteristic of focal bacterial infections
Characteristic of hypoxic death
Characterized by loss of tissue architecture
None of the above
1b
multi
null
Pathology
null
dc13c590-77f4-4cf4-a40b-99582b41fc4a
Which of the following papillae is associated with sweet taste over tongue:
Filiform papillae.
Fungiform papillae.
Circumvallate papillae.
Folliate papillae.
1b
multi
null
Dental
null
15d72c5d-2177-4e14-a063-199599dce060
All are true regarding Hanta virus Except -
DNA virus
Carried by rodents
Causes recurrent respiratory infection
Haemorrhagic manifestation may occur
0a
multi
Hanta virus is a RNA virus REF:ANANTHANARYANAN TEXT BOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.527
Microbiology
Virology
258c607c-70e6-4998-bdfe-945de6cd7c7b
Early hormonal sign of puberty
Sleep associated increase in LH
Early morning rise in temperature
Increased FSH to LH ratio
Elevated adrenal androgens.
0a
single
Early sign of puberty is Sleep-associated increase in LH secretion.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
dad066ff-3f6b-4d8a-9ac6-8795bc19b95c
Lipoprotein involved in reverse cholesterol transport-
LDL
VLDL
CETP
HDL
3d
single
Ans. is d i.e., HDL o The HDL particles are referred to as scavengers because their primary role is to remove free (unesterified) cholesterol from the extrahepatic tissues.o HDL particles transport cholesterol from extrahepatic tissues to liver (i.e. reverse cholesterol transport) which is then excreted through bile.Re...
Biochemistry
Cholesterol and Lipoproteins
cc46b8ca-ae8e-4dd5-9493-956fcd7a8d51
Commonest among diseases with Mendelian inheritance is –
Autosomal dominant
Autosomal recessive
X–linked recessive
X–dominant
0a
single
It is estimated that the combined incidence of mendelian inheritance (autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, x-linked) in man is about 1% of all live born individuals. As many as 793 autosornal dominant phenotypes, 629 autosomal recessive traits and 123 sex linked diseases have been catalogued to date.
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
fdaffa63-eb77-4cce-861d-6e53526f9a2a
Tinels sign is used -
To asses the severity of damage of nerve
To classify the type of nerve injury
To locate the site of nerve injury
To asses the regeneration
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., To asses the regeneration Tinels sign:* Brisk percussion along the course of an injured nerve from distal to proximal direction may elicit a tingling sensation in the distal distribution of the nerve.* This is described as Tinels sign.* The point of hypersensitivity marks the site of abnormal nerve sp...
Orthopaedics
Peripheral Nerve Injuries
527148f5-1c50-4450-8f02-4b09edbb17c0
Which of the following is an antidote of heparin?
Sodium nitrite
Protamine sulphate
Thiosulphate
Coumarin
1b
single
Intravenous infusion of protamine sulfate is used as antidote of heparin in case of life threatening hemorrhage. Protamines are basic low molecular weight positively charged proteins that have a high affinity for negatively charged heparin molecules. It binds tightly to heparin and thereby neutralizes its anticoagulant...
Pharmacology
null
6e040340-13dc-4c6a-a567-faea4005b2a6
Following is a feature of papilloedema ?
Shrinkage of blind spot
Blurring of disc margin
Low vision
Loss of pupillary reflex
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Blurring of disc margin Blurring of disc margin is earliest sign. Vision is normal initially. In 25% of patients visual symptoms occur only in advanced severe papilloedema, when optic atrophy sets in. Typically, there is recurring brief episodes (transient) of visual obscurations (Amaurosis fugax) las...
Ophthalmology
null
8f13a56a-8f71-46e0-8eaa-ea7472d59e8b
Suppositous child is?
Child bom out of wedlock
Child fictitiously claimed by a woman
Second bom of a twin pregnancy
None
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Child fictitiously claimed by a woman o Suppositious child: Child presented by the mother to have been delivered by her, though she has not delivered, i.e. fictious claim of child.
Forensic Medicine
Sexual Offenses
dce20812-7961-4837-982f-732f090cda3d
Psoriasis is exacerbated by -
Lithium
B blockers
Antimalarials
All of the above
3d
multi
Psoriasis is exacerbated by scratches, surgical incisions and injuries( isomorphic or koebners phenomenon), beta hemolytic streptococcal infection, HIV infection, antimalarials, lithium, beta adrenergic blocker, NSAIDs, coicosteroids withdrawal. From illustrated synopsis of dermatology and sexually transmitted diseases...
Dental
Papulosquamous disorders
e6c22822-359b-4f33-954b-6516993dc2c7
For which procedure is the following instrument used?
Bone marrow examination
Liver biopsy
Pleural biopsy
Lumbar puncture
0a
single
Ans. (a) Bone marrow examination(Ref: Dacie Practical Hematology, 10thed/163; Complete review of Pathology 1st/761)This is a Sahli's bone marrow aspiration needle. (Sahli's needle has a Screw on the side; S for S)Klima's bone marrow aspiration needle (no side screw)
Pathology
Misc. (W.B.C)
dc8ea4db-b913-4bee-b684-d60b593a3f29
Whichof the following is NOT true about the use of Beta blocker in CHF
These should be staed at very low dose and sowly titrated upwards
Carvedilol is most widely used beta blocker
These are drug of choice in acute decompensated hea failure.
These can reduce moality in CHF patients
2c
multi
Ref KDT 6/e p544 Beta blockers are contra-indicated in acute decompensated hea failure.
Anatomy
Other topics and Adverse effects
e8ed6c11-ccfc-4ec1-9411-f3b0a6db2723
All of the following side effects can occur as a result of systemic absorption of lidocaine except:
Increased gastric motility.
Tonic clonic convulsions.
Decreased cardiac output.
Respiratory depression.
0a
multi
null
Surgery
null
9907dcfa-d969-4c51-a58d-0c35b48c509d
The total number of germ tooth present in a full form foetus is
20
28
44
48
3d
single
Total number of tooth germs formed in human fetus is 52 (20 primary + 32 permanent). Third molar tooth germ initiated at 4 or 5 years. If you exclude the third molar tooth germs, the answer will be 48.
Dental
null
60294d73-02be-49ee-b966-c19be6cac44a
M/C agent responsible for Ca cervix is :
HPV 16
HPV 18
HPV 31
HPV 36
0a
single
Ans. is a i.e. HPV 16 It is now established that HPV plays a major role in cervical carcinogenesis. Among the various genotypes (more than 100) the Genotype of HPV which is : Most commonly associated with squamous cell carcinoma cervix HPV 16 Most common genotype associated with adenocarcinoma of cervix HPV 18 Overall ...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
dee676f4-f02e-415a-aa76-52281189ebe4
Gonorrhoea is diagnosed by: September 2004
Pili agglutination
CFT
Haemagglutination
All of the above
0a
multi
Ans. A i.e. Pili agglutination
Microbiology
null
74237f5e-b75c-4209-aad0-0caa212bb3bc
Junction of the anterior horn and posterior horn of lateral ventricle is called as?
Trigone of lateral ventricle
Body of lateral ventricle
Foramen of Monro
Cerebral Aqueduct
0a
multi
ANSWER: (A) Trigone of lateral ventricleREF: Gray's anatomy 39th edition page 288Trigone of the lateral ventricle is a triangular prominence of the floor of the lateral ventricle at the transition between occipital (posterior) and temporal (anterior) hornThe lateral ventricles connect to the central third ventricle thr...
Anatomy
Cerebrum
64b1607b-adc4-404f-9640-b54bbfaf83c1
Best method to visualize the proximal bile duct is by:
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram
EUS
ERCP
Transabdominal USG
0a
single
IOC for proximal pa of biliary tract = Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram (both diagnostic and therapeutic) IOC for distal pa of biliary tract = ERCP (both diagnostic and therapeutic) IOC for most of biliary tract pathology like (CBD stone; choledochal cyst; biliary stricture; cholangiocarcinoma) = MRCP (only diag...
Surgery
JIPMER 2017
35d1d4f1-63cf-4b81-981f-5d703a818acc
A 40-year-old male with a history of accident 2 days back presented to the ER with complaints of redness of eye, diplopia, decreased vision and facial pain in the distribution of ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve. On examination, Bruit was heard over the eyes Proptosis Ocular pulsations Exposure keratopathy Pulsa...
B
D
A
C
3d
multi
This is a case of carotid cavernous fistula. MRI brain shows enlarged superior ophthalmic vein - characteristic of Caroticocavernous fistula. Caroticocavernous fistulas (CCF) represent abnormal communication between the carotid circulation and the cavernous sinus. Direct CCFs are often secondary to trauma, and as such ...
Unknown
Integrated QBank
4b3a4078-a4a9-411c-b49b-70f1f4a7edb6
Which among the following is an active form of chlorination?
Hypochlorite ion
Hydrogen chloride
Hypochlorous acid
Chloride ion
2c
single
* The disinfecting action of chlorine is predominantly due to hypochlorous acid. * Hypochlorous acid is most effective form of chlorine and it is almost 70-80 times more effective than hypochlorite ions ref : park 21st ed
Social & Preventive Medicine
All India exam
da88c6b2-def8-40ad-b1a4-be1428f97f6b
Which of the following is a major criteria for diagnosis of poycythemia vera:
Presence of JAK-2 mutation
Low Erythropoetin levels
High Leucocyte Alkaline Phosphatase (TLAP score)
Thrombocytosis
0a
single
Answer is A (Presence of JAK-2 mutation) Presence of JAK-2 mutation is a Major criterion fir diagnosis of polycythemia Vera according to the proposed new WHO criteria for the diagnosis of Polycythemia Vera. Low Erythropoetin levels, Thrombocytosis and increased LAP scores are all minor criteria for diagnosis of polycyt...
Medicine
null
50d38e3c-e917-417e-acfa-4cab9d71eb24
Xenophobia is
Fear of injection
Fear of touch
Fear of strangers
Fear of animals
2c
single
fear of injection- needle phobia Fear of touch- hapnophobia Fear of strangers- xenophobia Fear of animals- zoophobia Ref: FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY Dr PC IGNATIUS THIRD EDITION PAGE 361
Anatomy
Special topics
92466e89-4dbc-4c49-ab46-9bd8cd485f5f
Whole cell pertussis vaccine used to prevent infection can protect against?
Bortedella parapertussis only
Mild forms of Bordetella pertussis only
Both Bordetella pertussis & parapertussis
Only against severe Pertussis
2c
multi
c. Both Bordetella pertussis & parapertussis(Ref: Clin Infect Dis. 2017Jun 15;64(12):1795-1797)Pertussis vaccine may induce cross-immunity & has been found to have 66%-82% effectiveness against parapertussis.Controversial; Some sources say: As measles can depress cell mediated immunity & as BCG induces cell mediated im...
Pediatrics
Immunization
7a370c86-805c-4ddc-8e30-0ef79223cf9e
A 48 year old lady presented with hepatosplenomegaly with pancytopenia. On microscopic examination of bone marrow cells, crumpled tissue paper appearance is seen. Which is the product likely to have accumulated?
Glucocerebroside
Sphingomyelin
Sulfatide
Ganglioside
0a
single
Crumpled tissue paper appearance of cytoplasm + organomegaly and pancytopenia suggests storage disorder Lysosomal storage of glucocerebroside (Gaucher disease) in cells of the monocyte-macrophage system leads to a characteristic cellular alteration of these cells Gaucher cells- present in the bone marrow, spleen, lymph...
Medicine
Misc.
0c6f7a51-7421-4949-a385-e47704b74d29
Normal finding in term neonate-
Erythema toxicum
Ebstein's pearl
Subconjunctival hemorrhages
All
3d
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Erythema toxicum; 'b' i.e., Ebstein pearls; 'c' i.e., Subconjunctival haemorrhage
Pediatrics
null
f85a473b-85b8-45ef-bde5-cded53368ea9
A full thickness loss of middle one third of the upper lip is best reconstruted by -
Naso labial flap
Cheek flap
Abey flap
Estlander's flap
2c
single
Ans is c i.e. Abey flap
Surgery
null
e3f0eb3c-7ebc-4922-b73a-0c4944efeef6
C.diphtheriae can be biochemically differentiated from C.ulcerans by
Catalase test
Urease test
Oxidase test
Nitrate Reduction
3d
multi
Among the Corynebacterium species, all are catalase positive. All are resistant to tellurite. All Corynebacterium species are oxidase negative. C. ulcerans is differentiated from C. diphtheriae by its negative nitrate reduction and positive gelatin liquefaction. 3 species produce diphtheria toxin: C. diphtheriae, C. ul...
Microbiology
Systemic Bacteriology (Gram Positive Bacilli, Gram Negative Bacilli)
b340bfa9-a169-4230-b816-c419e141a549
A casting may fail to seat on the prepared tooth due to all of the following factors except _____.
Temporary cement still on the prepared tooth after the temporary restoration has been removed.
Proximal contact(s) of casting too heavy/tight.
Undercuts present in prepared tooth.
The occlusal of the prepared tooth was underreduced.
3d
multi
Occlusal reduction would not affect the ability to seat a casting. However, temporary cement, heavy proximal contacts, or tooth undercuts could keep the casting from seating completely.
Dental
null
2b7c3285-8658-47d8-8fa0-6bae29d0aedb
Relaxation of skeletal muscle occurs by
Removal of Acetylcholine from synaptic cleft
Closure of nicotinic cholinergic receptor
Binding of calcium with troponin
Removal of sarcoplasmic calcium
3d
single
Once the calcium ions have been released from the sarcoplasmic tubules and have diffused among the myofibrils, muscle contraction continues as long as the calcium ion concentration remains high. However, a continually active calcium pump located in the walls of the sarcoplasmic reticulum pumps calcium ions away from th...
Physiology
Endocrinology
588c6958-57ea-4e1e-8c3e-e284db316680
Normal prothrombin time is:
5-7 sec
10-20 sec
30 sec
1 min
1b
single
null
Physiology
null
a37c20b7-1cb8-4d55-992c-3acc3d6ff69b
The linear solidification shrinkage of Type IV Ni-Cr based alloys is
2.30%
1.56%
1.37%
3%
0a
multi
null
Dental
null
25cd212c-195a-4fc0-8039-1e5eeca522ca
Cafe au lait spots seen in? -
NF
Gardnersyndrome
Cockayne syndrome
Down syndrome
0a
single
Ans is 'a' i.e., NF o Cafe au lait spots or Cafe au lait macules are pigmented (light brown) birthmarks, also called ''giraffe spots'1 or "coast of Maine spots".Cafe au lait spots can arise from diverse and unrelated causes:o Having six or more cafe au lait spots greater than 5 mm in diameter before puberty, or greater...
Skin
Autoimmune Skin Disorders
21d0ca37-2dc2-4931-8fb8-800cb54ebeb5
All of the followings are used in inherited thrombophilia testing in pregnancy; except:
Antithrombin deficiency
Protein C deficiency
Lupus anticoagulant
Factor V Leiden mutation
2c
multi
Ans. c. Lupus anticoagulantDIAGNOSIS FOR THROMBOPHILIATest for Inherited thrombophilias: Protein S deficiency (PSD), Prothrombin gene mutation (PGM) G2021 OA, Factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation, antithrombin deficiency (ATD) and Protein C deficiency (PCD).High risk of Inherited thrombophilias include homozygous Prothrombin...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Pathology of Conception
a9ebdf11-d2ac-471e-b049-8777ce3aa3b5
Which of the following drug used in peptic ulcer can result in gynaecomastia
Sucralfate
Cimetidine
Pirenzepine
Rabeprazole
1b
single
Cimetidine inhibits metabolism of estrogen and can cause gynaecomastia.
Pharmacology
null
1ed2ef05-437f-4635-b68d-3be0bc08b743
PH. 7.2 PO2 mm Hg 50 mm Hg, HCO3– 13, the values goes in favour of -
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Both respiratory and metabolic acidosis
3d
multi
In this patient PH →Decreased (N → 7.4) PCO2 → Increased (N-40 mm Hg) HCO3- →Decreased (N-24 mmol/L) First step Determine whether alkalosis or acidosis is present Decreased pH indicates acidosis Second step Inspect the HCO3- / CO2 to determine the cause of acidosis Here both the abnormalities are in sync with a decr...
Medicine
null
45f15096-fda9-4f57-83f8-0db95c5e3534
Decrease in gastric acid secretion by all except ?
Ranitidine
Omeprazole
Sucalfate
Perenzepine
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sucralfate Drugsarpgalcer 1. Reduce gastric acid secretion H2 antihistaminic - Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Roxatidine. Proton pump inhibitors - Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, Pantoprazole, Rabeprazole, Esomeprazole. Anticholinergics - Pirenzepine, propantheline, oxyphenonium. Prostaglandin analogue...
Pharmacology
null
3b5edce3-4ab2-4548-8ae3-4e5dabd625fa
Which metabolic anomaly is seen in Pyloric stenosis-
Hypochloremic Alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis with normal anion gap
Metabolic acidosis with increased anion gap
Hypocalcemia
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hypochloremic Alkalosis o The biochemical abnormalities seen are:1. Hypokalemia2. Alkalosis and3. Hypochloremia4. Paradoxical aciduria
Surgery
Benign Gastric Disease
521cdf6b-b8f9-46eb-840e-2901e03119bf
Heparin is the most widely used antithrombotic agent. It act by activating: (PGI June 2009)
Plasmin
Antithrombin III
Fibrinolysin
Factor X
1b
single
Ans: B. (Antithrombotic III) Heparin inhibit Factor Xa & IIaQ (thrombin)( i.e., not activate)Heparin# The anticoagufant action is exerted mainly by inhibition of factor Xa as well as thrombin (IIa) mediated conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin# It acts indirectly by activating plasma antithrombin IIIQ The heparin - AT II...
Pharmacology
Anticoagulants and Coagulants
ac28c654-a6ff-40e6-b861-b9551d6fa25a
Husband having suspicion that his wife is having affair with another man, diagnosis is
delusion
perception
hallucination
Amotivation
0a
multi
DELUSION - * false fixed firm belief, * subjective ceainity, * compelling counterargument, * impervious to other experiences and * outside socio cultural and educational background the delusion explained in the question is delusion of marital infedilty also called as Othello syndrome other name for othello syndrome is ...
Psychiatry
All India exam
0e649059-50f3-416d-a17b-7a3f8ccbc749
The following are common causes of seizures in adults older than 60 years of age except -
Cerebrovascular disease
Central nervous system neoplasia
Degenerative disease
Mesial temporal lobe sclerosis
3d
multi
null
Medicine
null
75b969fc-9ae1-4046-a73f-aabdc8caa85e
True about endodermal sinus tumors:a) Schiller duval bodies seenb) It is a benign tumourc) ↑HCGd) It is seen in young individualse) It is a malignant tumour
acd
bde
ade
ad
2c
multi
Endodermal sinus tumor/Yolk sac tumor: • Endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumour is third most common malignant germ cell tumour of ovary affecting mostly children or young women. (Age group 14–20 years.) • Tumour is highly malignant and is most rapidly growing tumour of whole body. • Histologically the pathognomic finding ...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
e1fe6494-32e7-45b4-9f6d-b5dda1a3c8db
Radiographic angulation recommended by the IADT:
90° horizontal angle with the central beam through the tooth
Occlusal view
Lateral view from the medial or distal aspect of the tooth
All of the above
3d
multi
It is of importance to take radiographs in more than one angle to ascertain the extent of the injury. Radiographs of the cheek and lip lacerations are also indicated to search for embedded tooth fragments. The three radiographic angulations recommended by the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) are ...
Dental
null
a4fd8d12-a3db-4bb7-9825-b16f91703184
A 17-year-old man presents to the clinic with new symptoms of fatigue, malaise, fever, and a sore throat. He has no significant past medical history and is not on any medications. Physical examination is entirely normal except for enlarged, palpable cervical lymph nodes. He reports no weight loss or night sweats. Labor...
lymph node biopsy
bone marrow
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
heterophil antibody (Monospot) test
3d
multi
Heterophil antibodies are present in 50% of children and 90%-95% of adolescents and adults with infectious mononucleosis. Monospot tests are the best diagnostic tools but may not turn positive until the second or third week of the illness. The presence of IgG antibodies by the indirect immunofluorescence test indicates...
Medicine
Infection
52cf6cf9-70d9-43e6-bba1-e2bac966322d
Which of the following is an indication of urgent ERCP in pancreatitis?
Acute alcoholic pancreatitis
Acute necrotising pancreatitis
Acute biliary pancreatitis with cholangitis
Chronic calcific pancreatitis with pseudocyst
2c
single
Urgent ERCP is indicated in patients who have severe acute biliary pancreatitis with cholangitis. Reference: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 2640
Medicine
null
eb6cba74-e7d8-432f-86fb-7a012c5e561b
Which of the following agent is not used in erectile dysfunction:
PGE2
Vardenafil
Phenylephrine
Alprostadil
2c
single
Alpha blockers are used in erectile dysfunction not alpha agonists (phenyephrine). Drugs useful in the management of erectile dysfuncLion (ED) 1. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors Sildenafil Vardenafi Tadalafil Udenafil 2. PGE1 analog - Alprostadil 3. Aviptadil
Pharmacology
null
ebc610ad-8362-4a12-a8aa-9f3355c1bb7e
Systemic toxicity is more with
Spinal anaesthesia
Epidural anaesthesia
Both
None
1b
multi
More systemic toxicity is seen with epidural anaesthesia .
Anaesthesia
null
4339ab71-0e6b-43ba-8e35-f0e2c68362dd
A young woman with six weeks amenorrhoea presents with mass abdomen. USG shows empty uterus. Diagnosis is :
Ovarian cyst
Ectopic pregnancy
Complete aboion
None of the above
1b
multi
Ans. is b i.e. Ectopic pregnancy Well friends--a young woman presenting with 6 weeks of amenorrhea and USG showing empty uterus could either mean it is an ectopic pregnancy or aboion. In aboion -- patient will give history of bleeding. pain but mass in abdomen does not our it.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
47a6ad42-e3c7-47a8-b4c2-a0a275f21356
Which of the following does not have non-human reservoir
Salmonella typhi
Yersinia pestis
Escherichia coli
Clostridium tetani
0a
single
Man is the only natural host for S.typhi and S.paratyphi A whereas most of the other salmonella are chiefly pathogenic in an animal. Clostridium, E.coli and yersinia infect both human and animal. Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, Ananthanarayan and Paniker; 9th edition
Microbiology
mycology
f3806c15-25f0-4234-863b-98ce3a68dbf2
Infection with HIV is associated with atrophy in all of the following pas of the brain except -
Anterior cingulate gyms
Caudate nucleus
Lower white matter volume
Globus pallidus
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Anterior cingulate gyrus HIV -1 associated neuronopathy is characterized by The infiltration of macrophages into the CNS. The formation of microglial nodule and multinucleated giant cell which result possibly from virus induced fusion of microglia and/macrophages in central white or gray matter Astroc...
Pathology
null
24da9da6-76b8-46e0-82ad-e7b5280b221a
Commonest site involved in lleocaecal T.B.
Intestinal wall
Lymph node
Mesentery
Intestinal mucosa
3d
multi
null
Surgery
null
90dc9ba6-1700-407f-b14a-7f1244d414da
True statement about dysthyroid eye disease (grave's opthalmopathy) is
Decreased power of divergence
Most common cause of U/L proptosis in
Extreme exopthalmos is usually seen in hypothyroidism
On looking upwards lower lid does not follow eye movements
2c
multi
C. i.e. Extreme exopthalmos is usually seen in hypothyroidism A mild exopthalmos is associated with thyrotoxicosis and an extreme exopthalmos may be associated with any state of thyroid activity, but usually in hypothyroidism often after thyroidectomy.Q Dysthyroid / Graves-Opthalmopathy or Endocrine / Malignant-Exoptha...
Ophthalmology
null
4315a4f7-316c-4a01-9283-7ea971d63268
Which of the following is supplied by two nerves?
Quadriceps
Triceps
Digastric
FDS
2c
single
MuscleOriginInseionNerve supplyActionDigastricHas 2 bellies united by an intermediate tendonAnterior belly from digastric fossa of mandibleBoth heads meet at the intermediate tendon which perforates stylohyoid and is held by a fibrous pulley to the hyoid boneNerve to mylohyoidDepresses mandible when the mouth is opened...
Anatomy
General anatomy
91ea3e9d-8e14-4b87-8cd3-55f32e2811a5
Which of the following is not a sign of severe dehydration?
Tachycardia
Anuria
Increased thirst
Delayed capillary refill
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Increased thirst * Increased thirst is a feature of mild dehydration.Clinical evaluation of DehydrationA) Mild dehydration# Normal or increased pulse# Decreased urine output# Thirsty# Normal physical findingsB) Moderate dehydration :-# Tachycardia# Little or no urine output# Irritable/lethargic# Sunke...
Pediatrics
Fluid & Electrolyte
1751785b-e936-4627-b503-83b82912c309
Ridge soreness in denture patients may be associated with
gagging
malocclusion
overextension
Lack of retention
2c
single
null
Dental
null
0bc1a8ae-de45-4689-a0c9-7ae36b90305d
In the presence of a drug that blocks all effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine on the hea, the autonomic nervous system can
Raise the hea rate above its intrinsic rate
Lower the hea rate below its intrinsic rate
Raise and lower the hea rate above and below its intrinsic rate
Neither Praise nor lower the hea rate from its intrinsic rate
1b
multi
.
Pathology
All India exam
22e8a012-7934-4793-b7e1-b2172e019f0f
All tracts passed through superior cerebellar peduncles except
Tectocerebellar
Ceruleocerebellar
Olivo cerebellar
Cerebellorubral
2c
multi
The olivocerebellar fibres pass through inferior cerebellar peduncle.The tracts passing through superior cerebellar peduncle are:AFFERENTAnterior spinocerebellarTectocerebellarTrigeminocerebellarCeruleocerebellarHypothalamocerebellarEFFERENT:CerebellorubralDentatorubral, dentatothalamicCerebello-olivaryCerebelloreticul...
Anatomy
Brain
b43044c6-6983-452b-b816-644087e563e8
Normal functional residual capacity is:
2.3L
1.3L
2.9L
4.5L
0a
single
Ans. A. 2.3LLung Volumes MEN WOMENTotal lung capacity 6.4 L 4.9LFunctional residual capacity 2.2 L 2.6 LResidual volume 1.5 L 1.2 LInspiratory capacity 4.8 L 3.7 LExpiratory reserve volume 3.2 L 2.3 LVital capacity 1.7 L 1.4 L
Physiology
Respiratory System
f0dc9589-8296-441b-a50a-7440b1af6dff
Increased thickness of granular layer is found in
Psoriasis
Lichen planus
Ecthyma gangreosum
Intertigo
1b
single
Hypergranulosis is seen in Lichen planus whereas Psariosis is characterized by absent granular layer.
Dental
null
5b8bf408-ce44-4f95-a249-0cde2deed010
Omenn syndrome represents which of the following immunological condition?
Human Leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class II Deficiency
HLA Class I Deficiency
Purine Metabolism Deficiency
Subset of T cell deficiency
3d
single
Omenn syndrome consists of a subset of T cell deficiencies that present with early-onset erythroderma, alopecia, hepatosplenomegaly, and failure to thrive. This peculiar syndrome is due to the hypomorphic mutations in genes usually associated with SCID, i.e., RAG-1, RAG-2,. The patients are very fragile, requiring simu...
Medicine
null
632d5c1a-6dea-4c63-acff-dd3dfa128778
Which vaccine strain is changed every yearly?
Influenza
Rabies
Hepatitis
Ebola
0a
single
Influenza a and b are the segmented viruses which contain 8 segments of nucleic acid. There is gradual sequential change in antigenic structure occurring regularly at frequent intervals which is known as antigenic drift. This antigenic drift is due to mediation and selection so their vaccine strain is changed every yea...
Microbiology
NEET 2019
c2ce46bd-e872-447c-9c98-a80839ed6727
Which of the following are true concerning a young epileptic, who has a grand mal seizure in the dental office?
It is generally fatal
It is best treated by injecting phenytoin
They generally recover if restrained from self injury and oxygen is maintained
Use physical restraints judiciously
2c
multi
DENTAL MANAGEMENT OF EPILEPTIC PATIENTS Prevention of seizures can be best managed by: Type and frequency of seizures prior to treatment. Reduce stress. Diazepam is drug of choice. Use of dental chair light avoided. Appropriate drug therapy for seizures. Due to the use of antiepileptic medication, typical fibrous ging...
Dental
null
7f5e0db6-ce9a-4a5f-a18c-7048fb8b7fc2
Average reproductive life span of ovum is
6-12 hrs
12-24 hrs
24-26 hrs
48 hrs
1b
single
LH surge occurs ~ 36 hours before ovulation LH peak occur ~ 12 hours before ovulation & marks the release of Ist polar body. This mature oocyte (ovum) remain ble for feilization for ~ 24 hours.
Anatomy
General Embryology 2
51597967-4f38-45ab-b1c9-17364100271f
Specific diagnosis of ascaris is made by -a) Adult worm in stool b) Egg detectionc) Antigen detectiond) Antibody detectione) Skin test
acd
bcd
abc
abd
3d
single
Laboratory diagnosis of Ascariasis Parasitic diagnosis: Demonstration of characteristic Ascaris eggs in the stool: Eggs are passed in large numbers. Concentration of stool by Salt floatation and Formalin-ether method- light infections Demonstration of egg in bile (duodenal intubation) Demonstration of adult worm in st...
Microbiology
null
7c1f8ab4-3703-4790-9aa1-4c33318bd9f7
During laryngoscopy and endo-tracheal intubation which of the maneuver is not performed:
Flexion of the neck
Extension of Head at the atlanto-occipital joint.
The laryngoscope is lifted upwards levering over the upper incisors.
In a straight blade laryngoscope, the epiglottis is lifted by the tip.
2c
single
Ans:C i.e. The laryngoscope is lifted upward levering over the upper incisiors. Procedure of Endotracheal Intubation: The correct position is with the lower pa of the cervical spine flexed (by placing a pillow or other suitable pad under the patient's occiput), and the atlanto-occipital joint extended(by tilting the he...
Anaesthesia
null