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12bad48b-d4a5-48ce-b673-154d499aeec3 | Duret hemorrhages are seen in - | Forebrain | Occipital lobe | Pons | Temporal lobe | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Pons Duret Hemorrhage:* It is the hemorrhage of mid brain and pons secondary to herniation of brain.* This lesion in most cases is a secondary midline hemorrhage resulting from rapid assymetrical herniation of brainstem downwards.* The midline lesion usually involves the mid brain and pons but never t... | Surgery | Nervous System |
b4aaa225-bb90-4059-990e-3148ab94c600 | Ball's operation is done for : | Ca. Cx | Ca. Ovary | Ca. Fallopian tube | Pruritus vulvae | 3d | multi | Pruritus vulvae | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
29c58f40-7986-4f78-b56f-525ac45a0190 | High inguinal orchidectomy specimen showed tumor testis with involvement of epididymis without vascular invasion; Stage is - | T
1 | T
2 | T
3 | T
4 | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
e17d2a44-b352-4677-a08f-7f1a793cd028 | Emergency or reemergence seen in which of the following organisms -a) Polio virusb) Measles virusc) Nipah virusd) West Nile viruse) Hepatitis B virus | abd | cde | bde | ade | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
3fa1c5dd-1b4d-446c-b71e-abe00cfd12f7 | All the following are components of APGAR Score EXCEPT: | Muscle tone | Color of the body | Heart Rate | Respiratory Rate | 3d | multi | ANSWER: (D) Respiratory RateREF: William's Obstetric 22nd edition chapter 28 Table 28-2, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apgar_ score"Respiratory effort not rate is a part of Apgar scoring system"APGAR SCORE:A useful clinical tool to identify those neonates who require resuscitation as well as to assess the effectiveness ... | Pediatrics | Newborn Infant - Physical Examination |
06224568-f53f-4544-9b5c-e1900d9c929f | A 24-year-old woman is dipstick positive for blood in her urine. This is repeated twice between menstrual periods and remains positive. Microscopic evaluation reveals RBCs, some of which are deformed and some in the form of casts. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the hematuria? | urinary tract stones | GN | trauma | benign renal tumor | 1b | single | Isolated hematuria is usually of urologic cause (e.g., tumor, trauma, stone) but can also be glomerular in origin. The finding of red cell casts or dysmorphic red cells (best appreciated by phase microscopy) suggests the source of bleeding is glomerular in origin. | Medicine | Kidney |
ae254508-7437-4d30-b730-c674e82cabdc | Most common site of minor salivary gland tumor | Cheek | Palate | Sub-lingual gland | Tongue | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
000eb060-5efe-4cd9-a28a-efccc43b2270 | All of the following statement about neuromuscular blockage produced by succinylcholine are true except | No fade on Train of Four stimulation | Fade on tetanic stimulation | No post tetanic fecilitation | Train of four ratio 1 | 1b | multi | Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker The only drug still in clinical use belonging to this group is succinylchloline. Mode of action The effects of succinylcholine (SCh)at the neuromuscular junction are depolarizing postsynaptic and extrajunctional receptors, normally, this desensitization process does not occur with ace... | Anaesthesia | Neuromuscular Blocker |
d002a289-0e0b-42e3-97aa-a454e892cad8 | Number of teeth at 7 years: | 20 | 24 | 26 | 28 | 1b | single | Ans. 24 | Forensic Medicine | null |
6a57cdcb-3d24-4ef8-bbd8-46f2007b8bfe | Asbestosis is associated with all except: | Central emphysema | Interstitial fibrosis | Pleural effusion | Carcinoma larynx | 0a | multi | (A) Central emphysema# Asbestosis and Asbestos-Related Diseases> Asbestos is a family of crystalline hydrated silicates with a fibrous geometry.> On the basis of epidemiologic studies, occupational exposure to asbestos is linked to> Parenchymal interstitial fibrosis (asbestosis);> Localized fibrous plaques or, rarely, ... | Pathology | Misc. |
e6ae3bab-b5c4-43d8-8092-f4180963f5eb | Which of the following is not a sign of advanced COPD? | Significant weight loss | Cor pulmonale | Hoover's sign | Clubbing | 3d | single | Advanced disease may be accompanied by cachexia, with significant weight loss, bitemporal wasting, and diffuse loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue.Some patients with advanced disease have paradoxical inward movement of the rib cage with inspiration (Hoover's sign)Signs of ove right hea failure termed cor pulmonale migh... | Medicine | Respiratory system |
74170d9e-5159-464c-91cb-9f34fc6fe393 | Pathology of Alzeheimer's disease is: | Deficiency of cholinergic action | Excess action of dopamine | Accumulation of beta-amyloid protein | None of the above | 2c | multi | Ans. C: Accumulation of beta-amyloid protein Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a slowly progressive disease of the brain that is characterized by impairment of memory and eventually by disturbances in reasoning, planning, language, and perception. Many scientists believe that Alzheimer's disease results from an increase in t... | Pathology | null |
7c3e753d-624e-456f-a9f1-deee118d4601 | A 40 -- years -- old woman presented to the gynecologist with complaints of profuse vaginal discharge. There was no discharge from the cervix on the speculum examination. The diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was made based upon all of the following findings on microscopy except : | Abundance of gram variable coccobacilli | Absence of Lactobacilli | Abundance of polymorphs | Present of clue cells | 2c | multi | Ans. is c i.e. Abundance of polymorphs In Bacterial vaginosis, polymorphs are either absent or there is only a slight increase. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
3c4746c7-5717-4a25-b856-13bad9e16424 | The distance between implant and adjustment tooth should be at least | 7 mm | 1.5 mm | 3.5 mm | 3.75 mm | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
e0dc872d-7691-454f-87fd-95bfb96035f4 | Drug transpo process that requires energy | Active transpo | Passive diffusion | Conventive current | Pinocytosis | 0a | single | The passage of substances against their electrical and chemical gradient at the expenditure of energy is called active transpo. (REF: TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY GEETHA N 2 EDITION, PAGE NO - 6) | Physiology | General physiology |
008d57e7-5fcb-426d-a8b9-68c4efc0518c | The impoant light microscopical feature in Alpo syndrome are all, EXCEPT: | Interstitial fibrosis | Tubular hyperophy | Segmental proliferative | Glomerular changes | 1b | multi | The light microscopic findings are not characteristic in alpo syndrome. It will be normal in early years of life. In older patients the changes seen are 1. Interstitial fibrosis, 2. Tubular atrophy, 3. Foam cells, 4. Segmental proliferative The presence of interstitial foam cells has been considered as suggestive of Al... | Medicine | null |
e631f2f1-b75a-42d3-87a7-e5f72009979b | Which of the following has responsibility of data collection for active malaria surveillance at PHC level ? | DHO | MPW | MO-PHC | DMO | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., MO-PHC "The Medical Officer-PHC has the overall responsibility for surveillance and laboratory services, and also supervices the spray". | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
999a3d3c-24ce-4626-aa92-2d27c6c98ab5 | Bacterial indicator for dry heat sterilization is ? | Bacillus subtilis | Bacillus pumilis | Bacillus stearothermophilus | Coxiella burnetti | 0a | single | sterilization control Biological; the spore of a nontoxigenic strain of Clostridium tetani Bacillus subtilus subsp.niger are used microbiological test of dry heat efficacy REF:Ananthanarayan & Panicker's Textbook of Microbiology 9th edition pg no:30 | Microbiology | general microbiology |
1d903e27-d20f-43d8-abc9-ca9db0f40f4b | PA view of chest X-ray is given here. What is the diagnosis? | Right Pneumothorax with right tracheal shift | Right Pneumothorax with left tracheal shift | Left Pneumothorax with left tracheal shift | Left Pneumothorax with right tracheal shift | 1b | single | Given image is showing absent bronchioalveolar markings of right lung with tracheal shift towards left side which is suggestive of right pneumothorax. Pneumothorax: presence of air or gas in pleural cavity Also remember, Deep sulcus sign on supine chest X-ray in expiration phase is a feature of pneumothorax. | Anaesthesia | FMGE 2019 |
a5617ed0-0a78-4a55-aa4a-93923775e8f7 | The most common complication of lateral condylar fracture in children is: | Valgus deformity | Cubitus varus | Malunion | Hyperextension | 0a | single | Ref: Apley's System of Orthopaedics and Fractures, 9th editionExplanation:LATERAL CONDYLAR FRACTURES IN CHILDRENMost commonly around 6 years of age.Most common distal humeral epiphyseal fracture.Milch classification: Two types of lateral condylar fractures.Milch Type IFracture extends medially from the metaphysis into ... | Orthopaedics | Humerus Fractures |
6a166f7e-649d-45c2-bd8a-955bf46e2f1d | Drugs used for recurrent depressive episodes -a) Imipramineb) Carbamazepine c) Fluoxetined) Na valproate | a | bc | ac | b | 2c | single | Amongst the given options, Imipramine and Fluoxetine are antidepressants.
Carbamazepine and Valproate are used for prophylaxis of BPD (not for recurrent unipolar depression). | Psychiatry | null |
cdc85055-220c-4d82-8ccd-84afbfdffe2c | CA - 125 levels are elevated in | Endometriosis | Adenomyosis | Both 2 & 3 | None of the above | 2c | multi | CA-125 levels is elevated in
→ Endometriosis
→ Adenomyosis
→ Pelvic infection
→ Leiomyoma
Although it is a tumor marker. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
fc15422e-82dd-4ff9-85bc-16e0e3df86b9 | Pentameric structure ? | IgM | IgG | IgA | IgD | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ig M IgM is a pentameric immunoglobulin with five, four - peptide subunits. o The subunits are joined together by J chain. IgM IgM is the earliest immunoglobulin class to be synthesized by the fetus, begining at 20 weeks of age. As it is not transpoed across the placenta, the presence of IgM in the fe... | Microbiology | null |
dfd25133-c8bf-4d18-b942-4808dbac2061 | All of the following are risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) except - | Duration of surgery more than thirty minutes | Obesity | Age less than forty years | Use of the oestrogen-progesterone contraceptive pills | 2c | multi | null | Surgery | null |
e7b0643a-a2dc-45d9-8be6-b94bdfbef484 | Bacterial Index deals with | Tuberculosis | Leprosy | Syphilis | Gonorrhea | 1b | single | In leprosy, Bacterial Index is the only objective way of monitoring the benefit of treatment. 0 No bacilli in any of 100 oil immersion fields1+ 1-10 in 1002+ 1-10 in 103+ 1-10 in each field4+ 10-1005+ 100-10006+ more than 1000It is calculated for each site examined an average is taken.Park 23e pg: 314 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
e810923d-2b4d-45d6-a573-a068623a1bbe | A new bom presents with discharge of urine from the umbilicus for 3 days. Diagnosis is | Meckel's diverticulum | Mesenteric cysts | Urachal fistula | Omphalocele | 2c | single | (Urachal fistula) (211,1289- B & L 24th) (776- Nelson 18th) (986-Baily 25th)A persistent urachus (Urachal cyst, sinus, patient urachus or diverticulum) is due to failure of closure of the allantoic duct and is associated with bladder outlet obstruction* Patency should be suspected if a clear, light, yellow urine- like ... | Surgery | Miscellaneous |
7fa27c10-29c1-4840-b93a-191ec44a02a2 | Patient with hemophilia A have bleeding disorder because of | Lack of platelet count | Lack of platelet adhesion | Lack of factor VIII a during activation of factor X in coagulation coscade | Release of thromboxane A2 | 2c | single | Hemophilia A
X - linked disorder
90% cases - deficiency of factor 8
10% cases functional defect of factor 8
Factor VIII a complex is the most important activator of factor X required for conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. | Pathology | null |
5373bc56-e806-4263-976a-2246065887db | A 49-year-old man comes to the physician because of a history of recurrent attacks of drowsiness, sweating, and palpitations. His blood glucose level during one of the episodes is 52 mg/dL. Recovery occurs in response to intravenous 10% dextrose C-peptide levels are below the normal range.
Which of the following is th... | Factitious insulin use | Gastrinoma | Glucagonoma | Insulinoma | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
a45cfd85-debb-40d8-9d48-3d5d4d245944 | Which one of the following is a conjugated vaccine : | Hepatitis B | Rubella | Hemophilius influenza | Pertussis | 2c | single | HIB PRP vaccine (conjugate vaccine) is available for H. influenzae type b.
Currently no vaccine is available for non typable strains. | Pediatrics | null |
685b9b9a-0dad-4206-b9f9-eafecc41b237 | MHCll positive cells are. Except | B cells | T cells | Macrophage | Platelet | 1b | multi | Ref Robbins 7/e p203; 9/e p194 Ananthanaraya 7/e p130 T cells platelet and RBC MHC class II molecules are a class of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules normally found only on professional antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells, mononuclear phagocytes, some endothelial cells, thymic epithelial ce... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
c8a574b6-9ee9-4ef1-b79b-9f0bfec0aac9 | Lithium should be Stopped how many days before surgery | 1 days | 2 days | 3 days | 4 days | 2c | single | Lithium should be stopped around 48-72 hrs before surgery. | Anaesthesia | Preoperative assessment and monitoring in anaesthesia |
b8219267-f570-4d62-94c0-0a801aac7dd2 | The commonest cause of visual loss in AIDS is which one of the following | Toxoplasmosis | Herpetic retinitis | CMV retinitis | HIV retinitis | 2c | single | Ans. (c) CMV retinitisRef Kanski, p. 442; John Hopkins HIV guide p. 60CMV retinitis is the most commonQ opportunistic ocular infection amongst patients with AIDS and is the most common cause of Visual morbidityQ | Ophthalmology | Uveal Tract |
b4893222-25d3-48d8-81c3-3f311d5ab38b | Which among the following is identified by Western blotting | DNA | RNA | Proteins | t-RNA | 2c | single | The procedure to separate and detect DNA fragments, termed Southern blotting. The Nohern and Western blot transfer techniques are used to size and quantitate specific RNA and protein molecules, respectively. A fouh hybridization technique, the Southwestern blot, examines protein-DNA interactions. In this method, protei... | Biochemistry | null |
d95652d3-ebeb-4655-8dfc-75af2adc3904 | Internal thoracic artery is a branch of - | 1st part of subclavian artery | 2nd part of subclavian artery | 3rd part of subclavian artery | Thyrocervical trunk | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1st part of subclavian artery Ref: BDC Vol III 5th/e p. 179]Branches of subclav ian artery :-o 1st Part - Vertebral artery, internal thoracic artery, thyrocervical trunk, and on left side costocervical trunk,o 2nd Part -On right side costocervical trunk,o 3rd Part - Dorsal scapular artery. | Anatomy | Blood Vessels of Thorax |
af419dc1-4d4b-491d-90d1-80f37a1c6d62 | All are used for treatment of morphine dependence except - | Methadone | Clonidine | Naltreoxone | Disulfiram | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Disulfiram Treatment of morphine or heroin poisoningo Treatment can be divided intoTreatment of toxicity (overdose)o Overdose is a medical emergency, and is treated with opioid antagonist to reverse the complications (respiratory depression) by antagonizing the action on opioid receptors. Intravenous ... | Psychiatry | Opioid-Related Disorders |
2bfa673b-a003-4de5-b1c0-e06014b73a2c | Patient with hemophilia A have bleeding disorder because of: | Lack of platelet aggregation | Lack of reaction accelerator during activation of factor X in coagulation cascade | Neutralization of antithrombin III | Release of Thromboxane A2 | 1b | single | Hemophilia A - X- linked disorder -90% cases- deficiency of factor 8 -10% cases - functional defect of factor 8 -Intrinsic Pathway affected -Factor VIIIa complex is the most impoant activator of factor X required for conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. -In symptomatic cases there is a tendency toward easy bruising a... | Pathology | Bleeding disorder |
b05aadae-930a-4d73-bac2-837a490add5d | Initial investigation for an amoebic liver abscess is September 2009 | USG | Exploratory laparotomy | CT scan | Technetium-99 scan | 0a | single | Ans. A: USG Ultrasonography is the preferable initial diagnostic test. It is rapid, inexpensive, and is only slightly less sensitive than CT scan (75-80% sensitivity vs 88-95% for CT scan). Ultrasonography simultaneously evaluates the gallbladder and avoids radiation exposure. As opposed to scanning with technetium-99m... | Radiology | null |
85459806-2e75-4494-b01c-c5e813a91419 | A patient present painful vesicles in ear, and tongue. He is also complaining of facial weakness and hearing loss. Dignosis is ? | Fungal infection | Chicken pox | Ramsay hunt syndrome | None | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Ramsay hunt syndrome Ramsay hunt syndrome It is lower motor neuron type official palsy due to Varicella (herpes) zoster. Pain is often a prominent feature and vesicles are seen in the ipsilateral ear, on the hard palate and/or on anterior two third of tongue. It may involve other cranial nerves-V, VII... | Skin | null |
43baa8ea-f52a-4068-83f3-90c74d0476fe | 5-nucleotidase activity is increased in | bone disease | prostate cancer | chronic renal failure | cholestatic disorders | 3d | single | null | Medicine | null |
11100594-a63a-4c6a-b3fd-b94c8ee7b375 | Ability of an orthodontic wire to spring back to its original shape is evaluated by: | Brittleness | Resilience | Tensile strength | Toughness | 1b | single | Popularly, the term resilience is associated with springiness, but it means precisely the amount of energy absorbed within a unit volume of a structure when it is stressed to its proportional limit. The resilience of two or more materials can be compared by observing the areas under the elastic region of their stress-s... | Dental | null |
0000b5a1-6e5d-40d9-9ddd-d65f7410bb1b | Herpes zoster in geniculate ganglion causes: | Bell's palsy | Ramsay Hunt syndrome | Merkelson Rosenthal syndrome | Frey's syndrome | 1b | single | Answer is B (Ramsay Hunt sSyndrome): Herpes Zoster of geniculate ganglion causes Ramsay Hunt Syndrome. The Ramsay Hunt Syndrome is caused by reactivation of Herpes Zoster in the geniculate ganglion and consists of a severe facial nerve palsy associated with a vesicular eruption in the external auditory canal and someti... | Medicine | null |
45912b9b-aa7d-4fc1-88f8-f20dc45688b7 | Transfer of genetic material in between bacteria through pili is termed as: (E. REPEAT 2012) | Transduction | Conjugation | Transformation | Transfection | 1b | single | Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, 8th edition, Ananthna rnyan and Paniker, Pages 63-65Explanation:TYPES OF GENE TRANSFERConjugation: Conjugation is a process of genetic transfer between bacterial cells wherein, a 'donor' bacterium, which contains a plasmid coding for a specialized fimbria called sex pi I us (conjugation t... | Microbiology | Bacterial Genetics |
41004212-8bad-4a97-a35d-0b38d239efb7 | The main danger with low tension alternating current is | Myoglobinuria | Cardiac arrest | Renal failures | Burns | 1b | single | The main danger with alternative current injuries is from alternating current interactions with normal cardiac pacing It can cause cardiac arrest. The electricity itself doesn't usually cause significant underlying myocardial damage. So resuscitation if successful should be lasting. Ref: Bailey and love 27th edition Pg... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
23a42e3e-51ae-4913-85d2-c8b082d4f197 | Homonymous hemianopia is seen in: | Pituitary adenoma | Optic nerve damage | Post-chiasmic damage | All of the above | 2c | multi | Ans. Post-chiasmic damage | Ophthalmology | null |
1101ed70-fcca-40de-895b-d3aa6e8f4f2d | Multiple trauma patient, first to be managed is- | Secure airway | Breathing | Conicalbrace | Circulation | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Secure airway [Ref: Schuartz 9th/ep. 136; Sabiston 18th/ep. 483J"The first step in managing an injured patient is securing an adequate airway " | Surgery | Initial Assessment |
bf63ce31-cffe-4fd8-8d8f-4a41babb0ce1 | All are intracellular parasites, except - | Leishmania | Plasmodium | Toxoplasma | None of these | 3d | multi | Leishmania-amastigote-lives in reticuloendothelial cells Plasmodium-RBC Toxoplasma-found in reticuloendothelial cells (refer pgno: 63 baveja 3 rd edition) | Microbiology | parasitology |
fb89f396-e167-4fdb-8342-0d53d46ffe2d | True statement about drugs used in Parkinsonism is: | Amantadine is a cholinergic drug | Vitamin B6 enhances the L-Dopa action | COMT inhibitors prolong the action of L'-dopa | None | 2c | multi | Both entacapone and tolcapone enhance and prolong the therapeutic effect of levodopa-carbidopa in advanced and fluctuating PD Ref KD Tripati 8th ed. | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system |
edc70411-13e3-4f4f-a59f-a8ca75f99dd5 | Most common hea disease which is associated with maximum moality during pregnancy | >Eisenmenger syndrome | >MS | >AS | >VSD | 0a | single | Eisenmenger syndrome This syndrome is secondary pulmonary hypeension that can develop with any cardiac lesion in which pulmonary vascular resistance becomes greater than the systemic vascular resistance and there should also be some right to left shunting. The most common underlying defects are atrial or ventricular se... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
6d09f3ce-e376-4603-ade7-707087d89550 | The most diagnostic sign of pregnancy is : | Amenorrhoea | Quickening | Foetal hea sounds | Distention of abdomen | 2c | single | Foetal hea sounds | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
c0a03838-ac6f-4392-b40a-c4d312a213d1 | Which of the following conditions does not cause right axis detion in ECG ? | Lying down posture | End of deep inspiration | Right ventricular hyperophy | Right bundle branch block | 0a | single | The electrical axis of the hea is the net direction in which the wave of depolarisation travels. It is measured using an electrocardiogram (ECG). Normally, this begins at the atrioventricular node (AV node); from here the wave of depolarisation travels down to the apex of the hea. The hexaxial reference system can be u... | Medicine | C.V.S |
59b98974-8c5a-4dfc-9cea-924c191868ef | 70-year-old woman refused to take influenza vaccine, devloped flu. Death happened 1 week after pneumonia. Causes of post influenza pneumonia: | Staphylococcus | Measles | Ligionella | CMV | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Staphylococcus Pulmonary complications of influenzae Primary influenza viral pneumonia: Least common but most severe of all pulmonary complications of influenzae Sputum production is generally scanty, but sputum may contain blood. In advanced cases, diffuse rates may be noted X-ray finding shows diffuse inters... | Microbiology | null |
a880cd0d-aeb8-48ae-9792-4c3a75a9c81a | What is electrical storm? | > 3 episodes of ventricular tachycardia within 24 hours | > 3 episodes of atrial tachycardia within 24 hours | Electromechanical dissociation | Electrical alternans | 0a | single | Electrical storm: Condition in which patient develops recurrent V. tachycardia. Cut off >3 episodes of V.T within 24 hrs. Option C: Electromechanical Dissociation: Terminology used to describe rupture hea which causes pulseless BP|| Option D: Electrical alternans- Variations in QRS amplitude in conditions - C. tamponad... | Medicine | Murmurs |
c95bab64-4eb2-4f6b-a197-60522e2c886b | A 20 year old male presented with jaundice for the past 2 weeks. His liver function tests revealed serum bilirubin to be 0.9 mg/dL, SGOT/SGPT to be 1240/1450 IU. He was found to be positive for HBsAg and IgM anti-HEV antibodies and negative for 1gM anti HBc. The most likely diagnosis is | Acute hepatitis with mutant hepatitis B virus | Super infection of hepatitis E virus with chronic hepatitis B infection | Acute hepatitis with wild type hepatitis B virus | Co-infection of hepatitis B and E viruses | 1b | single | Ans. b. Super infection of hepatitis E virus with chronic hepatitis B infection In the given question, patient presents with jaundice, deranged LFT (raised SGOT/SGPT), HBsAg positive, IgM anti-HEV antibodies positive and IgM antiHBc-negative. As the patient is IgM anti-HBc-negative, acute hepatitis B is ruled out. As t... | Medicine | null |
59d0bbcd-8659-4aee-8d7a-6ccf40858d23 | Hormonal vitamin is ? | Niacin | Pyridoxin | Vitamin D | Riboflavin | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Vitamin D Active form of vitamin D i.e. 1-25 dihydroxy-cholecalciferol is a vitamin produced in kidney.It acts on intranuclear receptors to regulate gene expressions (transcription factors). | Physiology | null |
081c591d-da74-47d2-a55b-071863211fd1 | The sigmoid nature of Hb-O2 dissociation curve is because of: | Binding of one O2 molecule increase the affinity for the next O2 molecule. | Alpha chain has more affinity for O2 than beta chain | Beta chain has more affinity for than alpha chain | Hemoglobin in acidic in nature. | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Binding of one O2 molecule increases the affinity for next Hb also .Lehninger writes : "Hemoglobin must bind oxygen efficiently in lungs and release oxygen in the tissues, myoglobin, or any protein that binds oxygen with a hyperbolic binding curve, would be ill-suited to this function. A protein that b... | Physiology | Principles of Gas Exchange - Respiratory Membrane |
c184de27-39b1-4f43-96ce-0931d8525e40 | The most common manifestation of moderate/severe hemophilia A is- | Recurrent hemarthrosis | Recurrent muscle bleeding | Recurrent bleeding from gums | Recurrent Hematuria | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Recurrent Hemarthrosis Sites of bleeding in hemophilia||||Intracranial (3-4%)Hemarthrosis (80%)Epistaxis oral gastrointestinal bleedingGenitourinarytracto Revatively rate, compared to other sites of bleedingo M.C site of bleeding in ambulatory patientso Joint bleeding characteristic of severe diseaseo... | Medicine | C.V.S. |
798bea47-d43e-4df4-9825-fdb9c24c2e87 | A 34-year-old man who works as a carpenter presents with symptoms of jaw discomfort, dysphagia, and pain as well as stiffness in his neck, back, and shoulders. On examination, he is unable to open his jaw, his proximal limb muscles are stiff as is his abdomen and back, but the hands and feet are relatively spared. He o... | toxoplasmosis | tetanus | syphilis | Streptococcus | 1b | multi | Patients with tetanus develop hypertonus, seizures, respiratory distress, and asphyxia unless they are treated with diazepam and muscle relaxants. The treatment of tetanus requires diazepam, muscle relaxants, antitoxin, respiratory care, and managing autonomic dysfunction. Antibiotics are given but are probably of litt... | Medicine | Infection |
8d205524-0254-4768-9a29-6fff52e5482e | 12 years male came with swelling of lower end tibia which is surrounded by rim of reactive bone. What is most likely diagnosis? | GCT | Brodie's Abscess | Hyper PTH | Osteomyelitis | 1b | single | * GCT - occurs around 20-40 years of age* Hyperparathyroidism - typically in a female around 30 years of age; presents with lytic lesion* Brodie's abscess - swelling in the lower end of tibia and radiological evidence of cavity surrounded by a halo of sclerosis (rim of a reactive bone) point towards brodie's abscess. | Orthopaedics | NEET 2019 |
ff4cb67f-2bbb-42b0-9544-7903f89b1f89 | Touch is carried by: | A beta | A delta | C fibers | Both 1 and 2 | 3d | multi | Numerical classification of sensory nerve fibers: | Physiology | null |
d6edc3b8-2219-4380-82ee-f2b432bc5ae0 | There are hard dark brown lesions on the labial surface of all four primary cuspids in seven year old child, the teeth are not painful and scraping with spoon excavator yields only a few flecks of dried discoloured dentin. What are these lesions? | Active carious lesions | Arrested carious lesions | Local enamel hypoplasia | Abrasion | 1b | multi | Arrested caries
With the shift in the oral conditions, even advanced lesions may become arrested. Arrested caries involving dentin shows a marked brown pigmentation and induration of the lesion . There are hard dark brown lesions, the teeth are not painful and scraping with spoon excavator yields only a few flecks of d... | Dental | null |
c17aaaa3-6a60-4948-b17d-44938e7c7c5c | All the following are the objectives of access cavity preparation EXCEPT | To remove all caries | To completely unroof the pulp chamber | To achieve straight line access to apical foramen | To have converging axial walls for preservation of tooth structure | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
fc1a3625-18c7-488d-9ff7-f77a8163461a | All are included in Kangaroo Mother Care except: | Skin to skin contact | Early discharge and follow up | Free nutritional supplements | Exclusive Breast feeding | 2c | multi | KANGAROO MOTHER CARE is for prevention of neonatal hypothermia in low bih weight/premature newborns: Skin -to -skin positioning of newborn on mother's chest. Adequate nutrition through breast feeding. Early discharge and ambulatory care. Suppo to the mother and family for child care. | Social & Preventive Medicine | Obstetric Care in RCH: Visits, IFA, TT, MCH Indicators |
3a63b379-07ed-427d-8c23-ae4c5c0c10b7 | In malignant hypeension hyperplastic aeriosclerosis is seen in all except: | Hea | Kidney | Pericardial Fat | Peripancreatic fat | 0a | multi | . Hea | Pathology | null |
16562263-4bef-4a37-b1ce-e4091b941af2 | A 65-year-old woman who has a 12-year history of symmetrical polyahritis is admitted to the hospital. Physical examination reveals splenomegaly, ulcerations over the lateral malleoli, and synovitis of the wrists, shoulders, and knees. There is no hepatomegaly. Laboratory values demonstrate a white blood cell count of 2... | Basophilia | Lymphopenia | Granulocytopenia | Lymphocytosis | 2c | multi | (Braunwald, 15/e, pp 369,1932.)Felty syndrome consists of a triad of rheumatoid ahritis, splenomegaly, and leukopenia. In contrast to the lymphopenia observed in patients who have systemic lupus rythematosus, the leukopenia of Felty syndrome is related to a reduction in the number of circulating polymorphonuclear leuko... | Surgery | null |
7bf5390b-d5b8-469e-bc69-fc7e5698226b | Superior pancreaticoduodenal aery is a branch of | Hepatic aery | Splenic aery | Gastroduodenal aery | Inferior mesenteric aery | 2c | single | The superior pancreaticoduodenal aery is an aery that supplies blood to the duodenum and pancreas. It is a branch of the gastroduodenal aery, which most commonly arises from the common hepatic aery of the celiac trunk, although there are numerous variations of the origin of the gastroduodenal aery. The pancreaticoduode... | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis |
505a2b54-a2b1-456f-b8c4-21a73af773ba | Styloid process is derived from | First arch | Second arch | Third arch | Fouh arch | 1b | single | The styloid process,the stylohyoid ligament and muscle are derived from the second branchial arch. REF.BDC VOL.3,Fifth Edition, | Anatomy | Head and neck |
4db53f9c-91bc-4a5d-af83-9623444bfc1f | Most common cause of Tinea capitis - | M. canis | Epidermophyton floccosum | T. Tonsurans | T. concentricum | 0a | single | (Harrison) have mentioned that T tonsurans is the most common cause of T capitis. But most textbooks of dermatology have mentioned that Ectothrix is the most common type of T capitis and is caused mostly by M canis. Thus, the answer of this question is M canis. Tinea capitis: - Location of Lesions - Scalp hair Endothri... | Microbiology | Mycology |
b9cf5fea-7fde-4eaf-ab9e-0c3a550b82bf | Which of the following anti-HIV drug should never be given as rechallenge once a history of producing allergic reaction with the drug is known | Lamivudine | Abacavir | Zidovudine | Nelfinavir | 1b | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
b7faa894-2206-45ff-8fda-5f0744708a46 | A patient taking 120 ml alcohol everyday since last 12 years is brought to the hospital by his wife and is diagnosed to have alcohol dependent syndrome. Which of the following drug should be avoided in the management? | Phenytoin | Di sulfiram | Naltrexone | Acamprosate | 1b | single | Ans. b. Disulfiram Disulfiram should not be used in alcohol dependent patients as it can cause severe disulfiram-ethanol reaction. Alcohol sensitizing drugs (Deterrent agents) DisulfiramQ Sulfonylureas (especially ChlorpropamideQ Citrated calcium carbimide (CCC) Cephalosporins: MetronidazoleQ CefoperazoneQ NitrafezoleQ... | Radiology | null |
47c8a088-68a9-4604-a1be-a315054e3c65 | Histology of Alport syndrome -a) Foamy cells in interstitiumb) Foamy cells in tubular epithelial cellsc) Thickening of GBM > 100 nmd) Thinning of GBM < 100 nme) Intimal proliferation | b | c | ad | ab | 2c | single | Histological characteristics of Alport’s syndrome:
• Diffuse basement membrane thinning • Vascular sclerosis
• Foam cells in interstitium • Tubular atrophy
• In advanced stage there is foca... | Pathology | null |
b965e3af-a1d1-4468-94a3-edd880ed4890 | hyper ammonemia is a side effect of | valproate | amitriptilline | amisulpride | olanzapine | 0a | single | LETHAL SIDE EFFECTS OF VALPROATE - Hyperammonemia - Pancreatitis - Hepatic failure - Neural tube defects - Thrombocytopenia MINOR SIDE EFFECTS OF VALPROATE - Hair loss - PCOD - WEIGHT GAIN - TREMORS Ref.kaplon and sadock, synopsis of psychiatry,11 th editioon, pg no.935 | Anatomy | Pharmacotherapy in psychiatry |
ee9ebdf2-e24b-4c1f-af2e-e90807107dd8 | Most severe form of hereditary spherocytosis is caused by the mutation of - | Ankyrin | Alpha spectrin | Beta spectrin | Band 3 | 1b | single | . Alpha spectrin | Pathology | null |
98c689f7-be9a-4ee7-8de4-1e232ae75534 | A 40 year old woman reports with the complaint of burning sensation in the mouth. Clinical examination reveals lesions consisting of radiating white striations in a retiform arrangement affecting buccal mucosa, tongue, lips & gingiva bilaterally. An incisional biopsy is suggestive of lichen planus. The following are di... | Atrophic Lichen Planus | Hypertrophic Lichen Planus | Bullous Lichen Planus | Verrucous Lichen Planus | 3d | multi | The different forms of Lichen planus are reticular form, bullous form, atrophic form, hypertrophic and erosive forms. Verrucous variant is seen in Leukoplakias. | Pathology | null |
77413bc7-a69b-49b4-9e14-9bf8053f547b | All are true about Juvenile CML except | Philadelphia chromosome is absent | Associated with Neurofibromatosis-1 | Presents with anaemia, low HbF, leucocytosis | Most common in less than 2 years of age | 2c | multi | It presents with anaemia, thrombocytopenia, high HbF and leukocytosis. | Pediatrics | null |
59700ef1-9802-40ca-b268-34274af7efa3 | Riociguat is used in the treatment of: | Gouty ahritis | Rheumatoid ahritis | Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypeension | Obesity | 2c | single | Riociguat a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator. It is the only therapy approved by USFDA for inoperable CTEPH (Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypeension). Best treatment for operable cases is pulmonary thromboendaerectomy done in expe centres. Reference: Ghofrani HA, D'Armini AM, Grimminger F, Hoeper MM, Jansa P, K... | Medicine | All India exam |
73e91695-205d-4b65-bc19-e61cc1de5bcf | A patient with cancer developed extreme degree of radiation toxicity. Further history revealed that the dose adjustment of a particular drug was missed during the course of radiotherapy. Which of the following drugs required a dose adjustment during radiotherapy in order to prevent radiation toxicity? | Vincristine | Dactinomycin | Cyclophosphamide | 6- Mercaptopurine | 1b | single | Ans. (B) Dactinomycin(Ref: Katzung 10th/894)Anthracyclines and actinomycin-D (dactinomycin) can cause severe radiation toxicity. This is known as radiation recall syndrome. | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy: General Principles |
7e4ccd16-0440-4867-8a25-f733af13b754 | A young patient presents with a massive injury to proximal duodenum, head of pancreas and distal common bile duct. The procedure of choice in this patient should be : | Roux-en-Y anastomosis | Pancreaticoduodenectomy(Whipple's operation) | Lateral tube jejunostomy | Retrograde jejunostomy | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
eb85eec7-e717-4d28-a58c-f3fe8fa1a0f9 | Resin matrix system used in the composite shown below is: | Ormocers | POSS | Siloranes | Giomers | 1b | single | Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS):
POSS molecules are 12-sided silicate cages produced from silane and functionalized to copolymerize with other monomers.
POSS is a molecule-sized hybrid organic-inorganic oligomeric compound that can disperse homogeneously in compatible monomers and become covalently incorpor... | Dental | null |
ac658acb-8cdc-4c79-8cd2-0833c5972df4 | Organism involved in smooth surface caries is
1. Streptococcus mutans 2. Actinomyces viscosus
3. Lactobacillus 4. Campylobacter | only 1 | only 2 | 1 and 3 | All of the above | 0a | multi | null | Pathology | null |
06bb2c02-5124-4c15-a8a9-b435f5cc3dff | Monochorlonic monoamniotic twin occurs if; division occurs : | Before 24 hours | 1-4 days | 4-8 days | 8 days | 3d | single | 8 days | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
86798aef-0077-456c-9dff-aab8372048d2 | Many signaling pathways involve the generation of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). These molecules | Are first messengers | Activate phospholipase C | Are derived from PIP2 | Can't activate calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinases directly or indirectly | 2c | single | IP3 DAG are secondary messengers derived from PIP2 they are present in the cell membrane where IP2 crosses the cell membrane and DAG doesnot. Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed. | Pharmacology | All India exam |
97e7aaa0-6279-461e-93f2-976e117bc631 | Alpha fetoprotein is raised in all except:September2011 | Teratocarcinoma | Down syndrome | Embryonal cell carcinoma | Hepatocellular carcinoma | 1b | multi | Ans. B: Down syndromeAFP is produced by hepatocellular carcinomas, yolk sac remnants in the gonads, and occasionally teratocarcinomas and embryonal cell carcinomas. | Pathology | null |
f074568a-aa7b-4800-bc7a-7a722a48426a | A Neonate is brought with history of not having passed meconium on examination there is no anal opening but a dimple. Investigation of choice is ? | X-ray erect posture | X-ray supine posture | Gastrograffin study | Inveogram | 3d | single | Ans is d i.e. In veogram The radiograph is taken in inveed position | Surgery | null |
62a0645d-d309-41b2-a9aa-9d10efb30f2b | Sequence of the substances used in the Nalgonda's technique for defluoridation of water: March 2011 | Lime and then soda | Alum and then soda | Lime and then alum | Alum and then lime | 2c | single | Ans. C: Lime and then alum Nalgonda technique involves addition of 2 chemicals (lime and alum) in sequence followed by flocculation, sedimentation and filtration The Nalogonda technique It is named after the village in India where the method was pioneered It employs flocculation principle Nalgonda technique is a combin... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
c02e766d-468a-4821-9864-6b93be1ed3ca | Calculate IMR if in a population of 100000 there are 3000 live bihs in a year and 150 infant deaths in the same year - | 75 | 18 | 5 | 50 | 3d | single | Ref: Park 24th edition | Social & Preventive Medicine | All India exam |
0afa7a4c-283e-4b76-8e21-632282f9548c | Most common cause of air borne contact dermatitis is? | Parthenium hysterophorus | Poison ivy | Poison oak | Pollen | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) Parthenium hysterophorusREF: Neena khanna 3rd ed p. 86-89Most common cause of:Allergic contact dermatitis due to metal: NickelAllergic contact dermatitis in Indian females: On hands is detergents, on forehead is para tetra butyl phenol in bindi, ear lobule is nickelAir borne contact dermatitis and plant der... | Skin | Dermatitis Erythema |
15a5029b-c16e-4348-9c7c-20ef62dbd113 | ASHA is posted at: | Village level | Primary Health Centre | Community Health Centre | Subcentre | 0a | single | ASHA stands for "Accredited Social Health Activist" and is created by the NHRM (National Rural Health Mission) which was formed by the Government of India on 5th April, 2005 for a period of seven years (2005-2012). The ASHA is employed in the rural area at the village level. Ref: Park textbook of Preventive and Social ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
20941356-e215-4348-8f8b-2667009a774c | A young male patient presents with LDL 600 mg/dl, triglycerides 160 mg/dl. What would be the most likely finding on physical examination - | Tendon xanthoma | Lipemiaretinalis | Eruptive tuberous xanthomas | Xanthelesma | 0a | single | Xanthoma tendinosum (also tendon xanthoma or tendinous xanthoma) is clinically characterized by papules and nodules found in the tendons of the hands, feet, and heel. Also associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) Tendon xanthomas are associated with type II hyperlipidemia, chronic biliary tract obstruction, p... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
16e1e0fe-a5e9-44a9-8678-c79a5dff43aa | Gutter fracture results from - | Injury with a large round object | Bullet injuries | Automobile accident | Falling from a height | 1b | multi | Gutter fracture : When a part thickness of bone is removed (fracture involves only the outer table of skull), e.g. glancing (oblique) bullet wounds in firearm injury. | Forensic Medicine | null |
f9ddda01-a155-4a02-9c6e-81046b2bbd37 | Which of the following is a pa of Mobius syndrome except? | Decreased chest movements | Bilateral facial involvement | Unilateral or bilateral abducent nerve involvement | Ataxia | 3d | multi | The classically accepted diagnostic criteria include: 1) facial paralysis or weakness affecting at least one but usually both sides of the face (7th cranial nerve), 2) paralysis of sideways (lateral) movement of the eyes (6th cranial nerve); and 3) preservation of veical movements of the eyes. Other symptoms that somet... | Medicine | C.N.S |
9c44eace-4c8b-4dd6-8849-3720837092cd | Phytobezoars are composed of | Hair | Vegetable Matter | Undigested food | Desquamated epithelial cells | 1b | single | Answer- B. Vegetable MatterPhytobezoars are composed of vegetable matter and, are usually seen in association with gastroparesis or gastric outlet obstruction. | Surgery | null |
a40ee554-9b63-4cee-af21-d7fde054a4c3 | Mummification refers to - | Hardening of muscle after death | Colliquative putrifaction | Saponification of subcutaneous fat | Dessication of a dead body | 3d | single | Mummification is drying and shrinking of cadaver from evaporation of water and general appearances of the body are preserved. Dr. Narayana Reddys Synopsis of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 27 th edition pg. 87. | Forensic Medicine | Death and postmortem changes |
8417f7c8-3e5d-4be9-93fb-97a75e3b489d | Anticancer drug causing nephrotoxicity: September 2009 | Imitanib | Irinotecan | fosfestrol | Cisplatin | 3d | single | Ans. D: Cisplatin Drugs causing nephrotoxicity: Chemotherapy and Immunosuppressants drugs causing nephrotoxicity: - Cisplatin - Methotrexate - Mitomycin - Cyclosporine - Ifosphamide (Causes Fanconi's Syndrome) Antibiotics: - Aminoglycoside - Sulfonamides Amphotericin B - Foscarnet Quinolones (e.g. Ciprofloxacin, Levofl... | Pharmacology | null |
f4f43518-49a3-49b0-b776-b98b415753c2 | Non hormonal drug to prevent post menopausal osteoporosis is: | Alendronate | Estrogen | Raloxifene | Parathyroid | 0a | single | Alenderonate, etidronate, pamidronate, and Ibandronate are bisphosphonates which inhibit bone resorption, and are very effective for both osteoporosis prevention and treatment.
Uses:
• First line drugs for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis
• Paget’s disease
• Osteolytic bone metastasis.
Caution: Patient should be in... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
10a6c105-dd3b-49dc-8416-b3b50cf5636b | The length of the eyeball is | 12mm | 16mm | 24mm | 30mm | 2c | multi | Eyeball - Not a perfect sphere but an Ablate spheroid Dimensions of an adult eyeball Anteroposterior diameter - 24 mm Horizontal diameter - 23.5 mm Veical diameter - 23 mm Circumference - 75 mm Volume - 6.5 ml Reference : Khurana Ophthalmology; 4th edition Page 3 | Ophthalmology | Anatomy, Development and clinical examination |
ff86e8ba-426f-4174-8727-ef061926e002 | Gerota's fascia is: | Renal fascia | Fibrous capsule | Layer of perirenal fat | Layer of pararenal fat | 0a | single | Ans. A: Renal fascia | Anatomy | null |
fd9bfe40-d48e-4c3b-8458-849dda6b07aa | Which of the following autistic spectrum disorder carries good prognosis? | Childhood autism | Rett's disease | Heller's syndrome | Asperger's syndrome | 3d | single | Asperger's syndrome is characterized by impaired social interaction and stereotyped behavior but no intellectual disability and no language disturbances,hence carries good progrosis. | Psychiatry | null |
7dc8ace1-69f6-480b-ae72-dc8cdc8f09f2 | All are true about colles fracture except ? | In old age | Dorsal shift | At coico-cancellous junction | Garden spade deformity | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Garden spade deformity COLLES FRACTURE Colle's fracture is an extra-aicular fracture at the distal end of radius, at its coico-cancellous junction. It is the most common fracture in person over 40 years of age and especially in women after menopause (Postmenopausal females). The association of the fra... | Surgery | null |
2dd6f053-c9ed-433c-9883-0922530ba7df | All of the following muscles are composite muscles Except: | Pectineus | Rectus femoris | Adductor magnus | Biceps femoris | 1b | multi | B i.e., Rectus femorisFlexor digitorion profundus (FDS), Adductor magnus, biceps femoris, pectineus and quadriceps femoris (not rectus fernoris)(2 are all composite muscles. Rectus femoris is only a pa of composite of 4 muscles known as quadriceps femoris. | Anatomy | null |
2aed95ce-ec0c-4e31-b573-3f05dfefa66f | Antenatal maternal HIV diagnosis is of impoance in - | To prevent veical transmission | To terminate | To discharge | To isolate the patient | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' To prevent veical transmission . HIV infected mother can transmit the virus to fetus/infant during pregnancy, during delivery or by breast feeding. . Early diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy to mother and infant significantly decrease the rate of intrapaum and perinatal transmission (Veical transmission) ... | Microbiology | null |
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