id stringlengths 36 36 | question stringlengths 1 1.57k | opa stringlengths 1 287 | opb stringlengths 1 287 | opc stringlengths 1 286 | opd stringlengths 1 301 | cop class label 4
classes | choice_type stringclasses 2
values | exp stringlengths 1 22.5k ⌀ | subject_name stringclasses 21
values | topic_name stringlengths 3 135 ⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
beb7ad77-1b0d-48ff-b5a0-1518c008a650 | Retinal holes are seen in which quadrant | Superior temporal | Inferior temporal | Superior nasal | Inferior nasal | 0a | single | Retinal breaks are most frequently found in the periphery ( commonest in the upper temporal quadrant ) Ref : khurana 6 th edition , page no. 296 | Ophthalmology | Vitreous and retina |
8fe35cef-c42e-447c-8a09-73225e78f53c | Nongonococcal urethritis is caused by: | Chlamydia | LGV | Syphilis | Gardnerella vaginalis | 0a | single | Ans. is a, i.e. ChlamydiaRef: Harrison 17th/ed, p823; Current diagnosis and treatment of STI p15Non gonococcal urethritis is caused by:* Chlamydia trachomatis (30-40%)* Ureaplasma urealyteum* Mycoplasma genitalium* E coli* Ureaplasma urealyticum* Trichomonas vaginalis* Herpes simplex virusRare Cases:* Anaerobic bacteri... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Sexually Transmitted Disease in the Female |
8669bb34-77c3-477a-835f-b0a004bd2e8b | Method of behaviour management shown in fig | Modeling | Punishment | Desensitization | HOME | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
f3b7347e-f705-4e26-8a31-9e6c3e8c4e3a | Babu is brought to the emergency as a case of road traffic accident. He is hypotensive. Most likely ruptured organ is ? | Spleen | Mesentry | Kidney | Rectum | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Spleen Most common abdominal organ to rupture following blunt trauma is spleen. | Surgery | null |
58971299-18a6-4d50-bc64-36fa77ddd3bc | PQLI lies between | 0 and 1 | 0 and 10 | 0 and 100 | 1 and 10 | 2c | single | PQLI -Physical quality of life index. The value is the average statistics, literacy rate, infant moality, life expectancy at age 1 ,all equally weighted on a 0 to 100 scale | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of health and disease |
f78dcd59-5cd1-4f86-b2c6-52453820337a | Jackson's cross cylinder test is used for - | Subjective verification | Subjective refining | Subjective balancing | Objective refining | 1b | single | Jackson's crosscylinder test : It is used to verify the strength and axis of the cylinder prescribed. The crosscylinder is a combination of two cylinders of equal strength but with opposite sign placed with their axes at right angles to each other and mounted in a handle . The commonly used crosscylinders are of +-0.25... | Ophthalmology | Optics and refraction |
3ff42632-cadc-4e1b-81b9-2eb54a748f7b | The following statements regarding peritoneal ligaments are TRUE, EXCEPT: | Gastrophrenic ligament is present between stomach and diaphragm above the spleen | Lienorenal ligament is present between spleen and kidney | Gastrocolic ligament is present between stomach and transverse colon | Phrenicocolic ligament is present between diaphragm and descending colon | 3d | multi | Phrenicocolic ligament is present between diaphragm and transverse colon. The peritoneal ligaments recognized in the greater omentum are:Gastrophrenic ligament: between the stomach and diaphragm above the spleenGastrolienal ligament: between stomach and spleenLienorenal ligament: between spleen and kidneyPhrenicocolic ... | Anatomy | null |
2b45ac13-561a-4df9-93be-ce6b2ef12ec5 | Parietal cells are found in which area of stomach | Fundus | Cardia | Pylorus | Body | 0a | single | Parietal cells also known as oxyntic cells are found in Fundus and body of stomach which secretes HCL and intrinsic factor which helps in absorption of vitamin B12. Parietal cells are much more in Fundus so it is a better option. Mucus or goblet cells are seen in cardiac and pyloric pa. | Anatomy | Stomach and aerial supply of abdomen |
73d3bfce-40af-4a7b-bd70-60dcced8d903 | Chromosomal translocation seen in CML is: | 2:08 | 8:14 | 9:22 | 15:17 | 2c | single | Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)is characterized by a cytogenetic aberration consisting of a reciprocal translocation between the long arms of chromosomes 22 and 9 . The translocation results in a shoened chromosome 22. This translocation relocates an oncogene called ABL from the long arm of chromosome 9 to a specifi... | Pathology | null |
beb79e87-bf58-4464-980d-5691fa180e09 | magnocellularr and parvocellular neurons project to ? | layer 2 of visual coex | layer 4 and 4c of visual coex | layer 6 and 1 of visual coex | layer 2 and 3 of visual coretx | 1b | single | ref : guyton and hall | Physiology | All India exam |
b047675d-5633-45b0-88b9-445c052df742 | Hydroxyethyl starch is a- | Vasodilator | Inotrope | Plasma expander | Diuretic | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Plasma expander Plasma expanders o These are high molecular weight substances which exes colloidal osmotic (oncotic) pressure, and when infused i.v. retain fluid in the vascular compament. o Human plasma or reconstituted huma albumin are the best, However, the former carries the risk of transmitting s... | Pharmacology | null |
6bf07e25-6b40-42a2-a2d7-c238b7266c76 | Advantage of using digoxin in CHF is: | It is used to provide relief of symptoms | It reverses the pathological changes of CHF | It prolongs the survival of CHF patient | All of these | 0a | multi | Digitalis (By increasing cardiac contractility) and Diuretics (by decreasing fluid overload) are used as symptomatic therapy of CHF. These drugs do not retard cardiac remodelling or prolong survival in CHF patients. | Pharmacology | CHF, Angina Pectoris and Myocardial Infarction |
88deafd3-a02d-4d49-bdce-038aea930d7c | In asymmetrical IUGR which organ is not affected – | Subcutaneous fat | Muscle | Liver | Brain | 3d | single | IUGR is classified as
1) Symmetric IUGR
Reduced growth is an asymmetric → head circumference, length and weight equally affected.
Has earlier onset.
Is associated with diseases that seriously affect fetal cell number, such as conditions with chromosomal, genetic malformation, teratogenic, infectious or severe maternal... | Pediatrics | null |
79fb02c5-41c4-4532-8d08-eac934af5166 | IDA was established in | 1945 | 1949 | 1920 | 1960 | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
d8232c8e-9163-4330-ae2e-b0af0da3e4a2 | Which of the following is a cerebro selective calcium channel blocker? | Nimodipine | Ziconotide | Verapamil | Diltiazem | 0a | single | Ans. (a) NimodipineRef KDT 6/e, p 172 | Pharmacology | Anti-Hypertensive |
5306631e-77b8-4805-bc45-fd8471f94a62 | Bennett's fracture-dislocation is associated with fracture of | Phalanx | Carpal | First metacarpal | Ulna | 2c | single | Ans. c (First metacarpal) (Ref. Maheshwari orthopedics 4th/99)Bennett's fracture-dislocation# Oblique intraarticular fracture of the base of first metacarpal with subluxation/dislocation of the metacarpal.# It is sustained due to longitudinal force applied to the joint, usually from forced abduction of thumb.# Rx:- Clo... | Orthopaedics | Injuries Around the Fore Arm & Wrist |
66b30f7d-8651-4c4a-91e7-c32a928295d1 | Which of the following drug is ADP receptor inhibitor? | Aspirin | Clopidogrel | Abdximab | Terutroban | 1b | single | ANSWER: (B) ClopidogrelREF: Lippincott pharmacology 6th ed page 263"Tidopidine and clopidogrel are structurally related drugs that irreversibly inhibit platelet activation by blocking specific purinergic receptors for AD P on the platelet membrane"ANTIPLATELET DRUGSIrreversible cyclooxygenase inhibitors:Acetylsalicylic... | Pharmacology | Antiplatelets and Fibrinolytics |
3e870ac4-6b26-47c4-a3b9-597951c0bafb | International prognostic index for lymphomas includes the following prognostic factors except | Stage of disease | Number of extralymphatic sites involved | LDH | Hemoglobin and albumin | 3d | multi | Hemoglobin and albumin The international prognostic index (HI) designed as prognostic factor model for aggressive NHL also appears to be useful for predicting the outcomes of: - Clinical features included in the IPI that are independently predictive of survival include the following : - Age --> Younger than 60 years ve... | Pediatrics | null |
d4319113-6a31-468a-aefb-ee7ae2cb807c | About Mayer rokitansky kuster hauser syndrome | Ovaries uterus fallopian tubes present | Uterus absent and fallopian tubes, ovaries present | Ovaries uterus fallopian tubes absent | Uterus present tubes and ovaries absent | 1b | multi | Mayer Rokitansky Kuster Hauser syndrome ; Mullerian Agenesis (karyotype;46XX) (Phenotype female) Vagina,Uterus,Fallopian tubes absent. Typically ovaries are normal Secondary sexual characters are well developed May be associated with urologic anomalies and Skeletal malformations Management; 1.Frank dilatation 2.Vaginop... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Congenital malformations |
7f944dd7-fddb-4766-9397-8690394eb8be | Assessment of the visual acuity in children below 2 years of age can be made by the following tests, except: | Landolt's chas | Pattern visual evoked potential | Preferential looking behaviour | Optokinetic nystagmus | 0a | multi | Ans. Landolt's chas | Ophthalmology | null |
accae189-97f7-4848-91ac-69c2aae4598c | X-ray of a young man shows hetrotopic calcification around bilateral knee joints. Next investigation would be | Serum phosphate | Serum calcium | Serum PTH | Serum Alkaline phosphatase | 0a | single | Serum phosphate This young man most probably has tumoral calcinosis Tumoral calcinosis Tumoral calcinosis is a rare condition which primarily, but not exclusively affects black people in otherwise good health. This disease usually presents in the second decade of lifeand is characterised by deposition of painless calci... | Surgery | null |
c696f95d-0709-495f-bb0f-43f4db023b60 | . In control of communicable diseases, the period of quarantine in respect of a disease is determined by- | Incubation period | Infectivity period | Duration of illness | Carrier state | 0a | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
cb1d0fb8-992f-4e80-98f6-cbb41c9c436e | Normal PQ interval is - | 0.12 sec. | 0.2 sec. | 0.16 sec. | 0.016 sec. | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
2d09e19e-2062-437e-9ff2-ddab79ce3c70 | Spinothalamic tract carries the following EXCEPT: | Pain | Touch | Temperature | Vibration | 3d | multi | Ans. d (Vibration). (Ref. Ganong, Physiology, 21 st/pg.- 139)SPINOTHALAMIC OR ANTEROLATERAL TRACT CARRIESDORSAL COLUMN TRACT CARRIES1. Crude touch1. Fine touch2. Pressure2. Position sense3. Position sense3. Vibration4. Pain including itching4. Pressure sense5. Warm and cold sensation | Physiology | Nervous System |
d691f1e7-8cf4-403b-ba4a-77835ffae541 | Which of the following act as antioxidants: | Glutathione peroxidase | Vit. C | Selenium | All | 3d | multi | All Correct - A,B & C | Biochemistry | null |
55003707-6ec2-4dd7-b7cf-5f3d55fb848a | Which of the following anti emetic acts by stimulating cannabinoid - 1 (CB1) receptors | Aprepitant | Dronabinol | Apomorphine | Prucalopride | 1b | single | Dronabinol is an anti - emetic which acts by stimulating Cannabinoid -1 receptors which also can stimulate appetite. | Pharmacology | null |
9e264bc4-3e57-47c1-ae9b-47cb1eb6cbfa | Atherosclerosis is seen with which bacteria | Staph aureus | Streptococcus pneumonia | Chlamydia pneumoniae | Chlamydia trachomatis | 2c | single | Robbins.. “Herpes virus, cytomegalovirus and Chlamydia pneumoniae have all been detected in atherosclerotic plaques but not in normal arteries, and seroepidemiologic studies find increased antibody titers to C. pneumoniae in patients with more severe atherosclerosis”. | Pathology | null |
80339778-0924-49b8-a2ff-0f2cba888699 | Sensation transmitted by pacinian corpuscles is: | Cold | Warmth | Touch | Vibration | 3d | single | Ans. D. VibrationSENSE ENDINGS ACTIVATEDPain Cutaneous nociceptorsTemperature, heat Cutaneous thermoreceptors for hotTemperature, cold Cutaneous thermoreceptors for coldTouch Cutaneous mechanoreceptors, also naked endingsVIBRATION Mechanoreceptors, especially PACINIAN CORPUSCLES (Pressure also) QJoint position Joint ca... | Physiology | Nervous System |
66aed19b-a712-4fe5-9cf0-4a38e5d794f3 | Novus actus interveniens is related to? | Facts speaking for itself | Breaking of chain | Contributory negligence | Therapeutic misadventure | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Breaking of chain Novus Actus Interveniens:o A person is responsible for his actions and its consequences. This principle applies to cases of assault or accidental injuries. However, sometime such continuity of events is broken by an entirely new and unexpected happening, due to negligence of some othe... | Forensic Medicine | Forensic Psychiatry |
8b75980e-ebb1-4e76-9e49-4d1465a7d502 | Amount of ORS to be given in the first 4 hours to a child with some dehydration is - | 50 ml/kg body wt | 75 ml/kg body wt | 100 ml/kg body wt | 200 ml/kg body wt | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
cd619023-276d-45f2-b878-56a19b1592d8 | HbsAg positive person can have following association/s -a) Membraneous glomerulonephritisb) MCDc) RPGNd) FSGSe) MPGN | ae | b | ab | ad | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
2a855555-06dc-4354-9c86-6304e4fc903c | Mechanism of action of actinomycin D is - | Inhibits DNA dependent RNA synthesis | Activates DNA dependent RNA synthesis | Inhibits RNA dependent DNA synthesis | Activates RNA dependent DNA synthesis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e.. Inhibits DNA dependent RNA synthesis The anticancer antibiotics are :o Actinomycin - D (Dactinomycin)o Daunorubicin (Rubidomycin)o Mitomycin C* Doxorubicino Mitoxantroneo Mithramycin (plicamvcin)o Bleomycins o These anticancer, antibiotics obtained from micro-organisms and have prominent antitumour ac... | Pharmacology | Anti-Neoplastic Agents |
1332f2e7-8466-4444-b532-3c3603daeff0 | Neologism is characteristic of : | OCD | Mania | Bipolar disorder | Schizophrenia | 3d | single | Ans. D. SchizophreniaNeologisms:Refers to a new word or condensed combination of several words that is not a true word & is not readily understandable, although sometimes the intended meaning or paial meaning may be apparent.Feature of schizophrenia(thought & speech disorder) | Psychiatry | null |
3e27baa0-d63a-4e2b-9925-07f4dcc03c7d | In a bimodal series, if mean is 2 and median is 3, what is the mode | 5 | 2.5 | 4 | 3 | 0a | single | In bimodal series Mode = 3xmedian - 2xmean= 3x3 - 2x2 = 5 Ref : Park&;s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine; 23rd edition - Pgno. 847 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Biostatistics |
8ed32469-dcfc-4c3e-831e-31a077ab349e | Caries on the enamel surface leads to accentuation of: | Incremental lines of Retzius | Mineralization | Demineralization | None | 0a | multi | A change in early enamel caries is the accentuation of the incremental lines of Retzius. This conspicuous appearance of the calcification lines is an optical phenomenon due to loss of minerals, which causes the organic structures to appear more prominent. There may also be accentuation of perikymata which are the exter... | Pathology | null |
179e07f7-6706-4ead-b0d1-d80e1fc85299 | Telomerase- | RNA polymerase | Causes carcinogenesis | Present in somatic cells | Absent in germ cells | 1b | single | By using TERC, TE can add a six-nucleotide repeating sequence, 5'-TTAGGG (in veebrates, the sequence differs in other organisms) to the 3' strand of chromosomes. These TTAGGG repeats (with their various protein binding paners) are called telomeres. The template region of TERC is 3'-CAAUCCCAAUC-5'. Telomerase can bind t... | Pathology | General pathology |
6ed8cb21-90bd-4fee-807d-30ebbc6a0f02 | A 19-year-old college student smokes cannabis on a regular basis. Which of the following clinical findings is most likely to be seen an hour after inhalation? | a decrease in heart rate | an increase in intraocular pressure | prolonged reaction time | peripheral vasoconstriction | 2c | single | The most common therapeutic use of cannabis is as an antiemetic during cancer chemotherapy. It might have some analgesic and anticonvulsant properties. Its ability to lower intraocular pressure has not been therapeutically useful in glaucoma. However, all the possible therapeutic effects of cannabis are accompanied by ... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
a9088aae-c9e3-4463-a129-2cc6a85e7a61 | FESS means - | Factual endoscopic sinus surgery | Functional endonasal sinus surgery | Factual endonasal sinus surgery | Functional endoscopic sinus surgery | 3d | single | Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)
FESS is a minimally invasive technique in which sinus air cells and sinus ostia are opened under direct vision.
It is called functional because it aims to return the working of the sinus to normal.
FESS is based on the hypothesis that the osteomeatal complex (maxillary sinus ... | ENT | null |
329a32e6-1f77-4411-8d6e-8f76d5b09d88 | All of the following statements about addition silicone impression material are true EXCEPT: | They evolve hydrogen when cast if they are not fully cured | They exhibit a very low setting shrinkage | They have a lower tear resistance than polysulphide rubbers | They set by condensation polymerization | 3d | multi | Properties of Addition Silicone
Pleasant odor and color.
This may also cause allergic reaction so direct skin contact should be avoided.
Excellent reproduction of surface details. Polyvinyl siloxanes are currently considered to reproduce the greatest detail of all the impression materials. The international standard f... | Dental | null |
f8aed153-c94b-4b8c-9d02-d441514b718d | Most common histological subtype of lung cancer associated with pancoast tumor? | Small cell cancer | Squamous cell cancer | Adenocarcinoma | Carcinoid tumor | 1b | multi | null | Pathology | null |
01a1aafa-5ac5-4057-809f-f78f7c4e1df0 | Right bronchial vein drains into - | Superior intercostal vein | Posterior intercostal vein | Azygous vein | Hemiazygous vein | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Azygous veinVenous Drainage of Lung1. Bronchial veinso Superficial bronchial veins drain pleura and extrapulmonary bronchi. On the right side they drain into the azygous vein and on the left side they drain into the left superior intercostal vein or hemiazygous veino Deep bronchial veins drain rest of... | Anatomy | Blood Vessels of Thorax |
f016d92f-7d93-4cda-80ec-2a899914ad2f | 5 years old female presents with palpable purpura over the buttocks, arthralgias, abdominal pain with diarrhea with passage of blood per rectum. Patient also has presence of proteinuria. What is the most probable diagnosis - | Henoch-Schonlein purpura | Nephrotic syndrome | Nephritic syndrome | Thalassemia | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Henoch-Schonlein purpura Henoch-Schonlein purpura* Henoch-Schonlein purpura, also referred to as anaphylactoid purpura, is a small-vessel vasculitis characterized by palpable purpura (most commonly distributed over the buttocks and lower extremities), arthralgias, gastrointestinal signs and symptoms, ... | Medicine | Kidney |
e3fc64cf-3046-4fd5-a373-2794e702814c | Anesthetic of choice for status asthmaticus is? | Ketamine | Thiopentone | Ether | N2O | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) Ketamine REF: Morgan's 3rd e p. 515Anesthetic of choice in status asthmaticusChildren - halothaneAdults - ketamine | Anaesthesia | Anaesthesia For Special Situations |
0bc8a631-1357-4607-9858-6dca159fd144 | A young motorcyclist falls on the grounds leads to Creek&;s in lands. Which of the following nerve severance leads to cause to death | Hypoglossal nerve | Vagus nerve | Maxillary nerve | Accessory nerve | 1b | multi | Vagus nerve is the tenth cranial nerve. The fibres of the cranial root of the accessory nerve are also distributed through it. The vagus nerve bears two ganglia, superior and inferior. The superior ganglion is rounded and lies in the jugular foramen. The inferior ganglion is cylindrical and lies near the base of the sk... | Anatomy | Head and neck |
81f94fe0-576f-491a-945b-35c2fc9008de | What is the ideal treatment for a 55 yr female with Simple Hyperplasia of endometrium with Atypia? | Simple hysterectomy | Medroxy progesterone Acetate (MPA) | Levonorgesterol (LNG) | IUCD | 0a | single | Among all the given options for the patient in the clinical scenario, the best treatment option would be simple hysterectomy. There are chances of about 60-70% for simple hyperplasia of endometrium with Atypia to progress into endometrial cancer. While abdominal hysterectomy with or without oophrectomy is preferred in ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
b288e9e3-58e6-4c23-a144-99666f795094 | The hepatic poal vein is formed by the union of which of the following major vessels? | Superior Mesenteric and Inferior Mesenteric Veins | Superior Mesenteric and Splenic Veins | Superior Mesenteric And left renal vein | Inferior Mesenteric and Splenic Vein | 1b | single | The hepatic poal vein is formed by the union of, (a) Splenic vein, which drains the spleen, pancreas, greater curvature of stomach, and (b) Superior mesenteric, which drains the small intestine andascending colon. The gastric vein, which drains the lesser curvature of the stomach, empties directly into the hepatic poal... | Anatomy | null |
7b7f0b2f-5081-4215-a942-6f62736b9e2e | Both hyperplasia and hyperophy is found in | Uterus during pregnancy | Cardiac muscle in cardiomegaly | Skeletal muscle in athlete | Breast development in pubey | 0a | multi | * Uterus during pregnancy undergoes physiological hyperophy and hyperplasia under hormonal stimuli * Cardiac muscle in cardiomegaly and Skeletal muscle in adults undergoes physiological hyperophy Striated muscle cells in both hea and skeletal muscle can only undergo hyperophy because adult muscle cells have a limited c... | Pathology | General pathology |
83da2882-aa26-4a43-9de7-d4f11c4603b7 | Cushing syndrome is characterized by all except: | DM | HT | Proximal myopathy | None (All are seen) | 3d | multi | Answer is D (None -- All are seen): Cushing's syndrome may be associated with all features mentioned in the question. | Medicine | null |
703b2f7c-37bb-4677-aec3-4ce644604c2c | Which of the following does not belong to 3Ds of Pellagra | Diarrhea | Dementia | Dermatitis | Diplopia | 3d | single | Options a, b, c are part of 3Ds of pellagra. | Biochemistry | null |
bdedb449-185e-49e4-97c9-10144cae0050 | Class I anti arrhythmic drugs belongs to all EXCEPT: | Quinidine | Procainamide | Flecainide | Propranolol | 3d | multi | (Propranolol): Ref: ANTIARRHYTHMIC DRUGS Class I. Membrane stabilizing agents (Na+ channel blockers) A Moderately decreases dv/dt of o-phase B Little decrease in dv/dt of o-phase C Marked decrease in du/dt of o-phase Quinidine, Procainamide Disopyramide, Mircizine Lignocaine, Mexiletine phenytoin Propafenone, Flecanide... | Unknown | null |
fb9e7503-c745-4f07-a1f5-2d6d98bdca9e | Energy storage form in liver ? | Triglyceride | Cholesterol | FFA | Glycogen | 3d | single | Provider of energyPlasma glucoseGrams12 Kilocalories48Hepatic glycogen70280Musde glycogen2801120Fat (Triglyceride) in adipose tissue13,000117, 000Muscle protein10,00040,000 | Biochemistry | null |
40401013-8a93-40a9-ad7f-eaee905e53fd | A 40-year-old man experiences weakness and easy fatigability of 2 months' duration. Physical examination yields no remarkable findings. Laboratory studies show a serum calcium of 11.5 mg/dL, inorganic phosphorus of 2.1 mg/dL, and serum parathyroid hormone of 58 pg/mL, which is near the top of the reference range. A rad... | Chronic renal failure | Hypervitaminosis D | Medullary thyroid carcinoma | Parathyroid adenoma | 3d | single | When a patient develops hypercalcemia, a disorder of the parathyroid glands or malignancy at a visceral location must be considered. The elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) suggests primary hyperparathyroidism. The most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism is a parathyroid adenoma. Secondary hyperparathyroidism, ... | Pathology | Endocrine |
7d62a452-55b7-4861-9567-e6da38e810fe | The most common fieid defect in papillitis is: | A relative central or centrocaecal scotoma | Enlargement of the blind spot | Tubular vision | Multiple small peripheral scotomas | 0a | multi | Ans. A relative central or centrocaecal scotoma | Ophthalmology | null |
c40a17ee-01fc-479b-a6b4-50cd39d6105a | Sago grain like vesicular eruption is seen in? | Pompholyx | Seborrhoeic dermatitis | Atopic dermatitis | Syphilis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pompholyx | Skin | null |
8fe95469-e037-4c97-b1f8-817395398eb6 | A 40-year-old woman presents with complaints of burning and tingling sensations in the left hand for several months. She relates that she has been frequently awakened at night by aching pain in the same hand. Pain is elicited by extreme dorsiflexion of the wrist. Most likely diagnosis? | Angina pectoris | Carpal tunnel syndrome | Dupuytren contracture | Fibrositis | 1b | single | The symptomatology is classic for carpal tunnel syndrome, which is a form of neuropathy resulting from anatomic compression of the median nerve. Pain, tingling sensations, and hypoesthesia in the distribution of the median nerve are the cardinal manifestations. These often undergo exacerbations at nighttime. A shock-li... | Unknown | null |
e51417d2-062d-41cc-9447-67b988a3d377 | which of the following is a relative contra indication for ECT | pediatrics | brain tumour | geriatrics | pregnacy | 1b | single | HISTORY * Medunna ====IM injection of camphor to induce seizures * Ugo cerletti and lucio bini==== ECT in a catatonic patient INDICATIONS * DEPRESSION SUICIDAL IDEAS-------------- first choice * CATATONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA * SCHIZOPHRENIA * MANIA * ELECTRODE PLACEMENT * Most commonly used=== bi fronto temporal * More cogni... | Anatomy | Treatment in psychiatry |
177dc45c-5cbd-4138-a2d8-d6c7eef6b0bb | Extramammary Paget's disease is seen in:- | Ovary | Uterus | Vagina | Vulva | 3d | single | Paget's disease - In extramammary involvement commonest site affected (vulva) - Presence of pruritis/red /crusted lesion/map like area usually on labia majora - Not associated with malignancy A. Epidermis is infiltrated by large cells With pale pink cytoplasm spreading along basal surface of squamous epithelium B. Immu... | Pathology | Breast |
aea811b5-c6b5-44b5-8943-eb6d790baf9c | The simplest form of pulp therapy is | Apicocectomy | Pulp capping | Pulpectomy | Pulpotomy | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
bd55359a-5b2f-4ae4-9b80-4b1fdcd48a3b | Hyper parathyroidism is characterised by the following except - | Generalised osteoporosis | Renal calculi | Hypercalcaemia | osteosclerosis | 3d | multi | null | Surgery | null |
63f22653-9347-4a39-ab49-11b41ef74d0e | The following diagnostic tests are useful for corresponding purposes except - | Ziehl - Neelsen staining - Detection of mycobacteria | Immunofluorescence - Detection of Influenza virus | Specific IgM antibodies - Immunity against Rubella | Specific IgM antibodies - Detection of acute infection | 2c | multi | For any infection (including rubella) IgM antibody alone, without IgG means current (acute) infection.
Ziehl Neelsen staining is used for mycobacteria.
Rapid diagnosis of influenza is made by demonstration of viral antigen in specimens by Immunofluorescence. | Microbiology | null |
910159ae-0006-49ed-8826-3b55e2a36c88 | A 15-year-old boy with asthma is allergic to cats. He went to a friend's house after school who has a pet cat. Later that evening (6 hours after exposure) he stas to wheeze. Which of the following drugs should have been administered in the afternoon to prevent his symptoms? | Theophylline | Cromolyn sodium | Antihistamine | Albuterol | 1b | multi | Coicosteroids and cromolyn sodium are impoant pharmacologic agents useful in the treatment of late-phase allergic reactions, which occur 6-8 hours after exposure to an allergen. Theophylline, albuterol, and antihistamines are useful for the early or immediate allergic phase of an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction,... | Surgery | null |
6bd9aa91-4b0e-4fc5-bd3d-30d150cd3df7 | A 10-year old child is undergoing squint surgery. He suddenly developed increased hea rate, arrhythmia, high fever, metabolic and respiratory acidosis on aerial blood gases and elevation of end tidal CO2. Which of the following would be the first agent of choice in the management of this condition? | Dantrolene | Paracetamol | Procainamide | Sodium bicarbonate | 0a | single | Ans. a. Dantrolene Sudden development of increased hea rate, arrhythmia, high fever, metabolic and respiratory acidosis on aerial blood gases and elevation of end tidal CO, in a child undergoing squint surgery is highly suggestive of malignant hypehermia. Dantrolene would be the first agent of choice in the management ... | Skin | null |
88d84819-d8b2-46fd-afd1-ab7cca71a6bd | When the tension becomes great enough, contraction suddenly ceases and the muscle relaxes, this phenomenon is known as: | Reciprocal innervations | Autocrine innervation | Autogenic inhibition | Converse stretch reflex | 2c | single | Up to a point, the harder a muscle is stretched, the stronger is the reflex contraction. However, when the tension becomes great enough, contraction suddenly ceases and the muscle relaxes. This relaxation in response to strong stretch is called the inverse stretch reflex or autogenic inhibition. Ref: Ganong's Review of... | Physiology | null |
80c66b28-311a-4535-b0c0-b8fb9e9f84fe | Safest antimalarial drug during pregnancy is: | Mefloquine | Pyrimethamine | Proguanil | Quinine | 2c | single | Proguanil | Pharmacology | null |
50100299-95fa-4e08-8833-10c5a566a13e | The suppoing cells of the testes are the following: | Spermatogonia | Leydig cells of testes | Cells of Seoli | Spermatids | 2c | single | All cells of the spermatogenic lineage are closely associated with the extended surfaces of Seoli cells and depend on them for metabolic and physical suppo. Each Seoli cell suppos 30 to 50 developing germ cells. Impoant in Seoli cell function are elaborate tight occluding junctions between their basolateral membranes t... | Anatomy | null |
d106a41e-d3d9-4f97-97b0-e1044989a767 | All are features of atypical depression except? | Increased appetite and increased sleep | Sad most of the time and becomes happy on hearing good news | Weaknesses of limbs | Better response to TCAs than SSRIs | 3d | multi | Ans. D. Better response to TCAs than SSRIsWith atypical features: This specifier can be applied when these features predominate during the majority of days of the current or most recent major depressive episode or persistent depressive disorder.A. Mood reactivity (i.e., mood brightens in response to actual or potential... | Psychiatry | Mood Disorders |
e1b2a49a-5217-4701-b83d-562d604f72b6 | Laparoscopy is contraindicated in: | Ectopic pregnancy | PID | Endometriosis | Peritonitis | 3d | single | Ans. is d, i.e. PeritonitisRef: Williams Gynae 1st/ed, p932, COGDT 10th/ed, p801-2Important points to remember on laparoscopy:* CO2 is currently the insufflation gas of choice for laparoscopy. It fulfills most of the requirements for an ideal insufflation gas, being colorless, noninflammable and rapidly excreted from t... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological Diagnosis |
bfe26e9d-d783-43c0-9c84-1352f39cb067 | What is/are effect on the membrane when extracellular concentration of K+ decreased? | | magnitude of RMP | | negativity of the membrane | | magnitude of RMP | | negativity of membrane | 1b | single | While K+ is positively charged and more abundant on the inside, there exists a great amount of negatively charged paicles (the anions), accounting for the negative charge inside the membrane. The cell membraneforms the border of a neuron and acts to control the movement of substances into and out of the cell. Ref guyto... | Physiology | General physiology |
fe1187c0-df87-473e-981d-0bcf47d1c47c | 45yr old female with sudden onset headache and neck rigidity There is no history of trauma .. | SAH | Meningitis | SDH | Hemorrhagic stroke | 0a | single | ref : david sutton 9th ed | Radiology | All India exam |
43d07502-2d3e-4f51-bd19-30c9dd2dfa25 | Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana was launched in: | 1999 | 2002 | 2005 | 2008 | 3d | single | Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana was launched in 2008. The objective is to improve access to health care in unorganised work force in the BPL category. Ref: Textbook of community medicine, S. Lal, 3rd edition pg: 629. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
9b5e9ef0-14f2-45c9-9f04-16ba24feb67d | A 45 years old man comes to a dentist with pain in the lower jaw. The dentist diagnoses it as infected last molar and decides to extract it under local anesthesia. After the anesthesia, he extracted the tooth. After this, the patient also notices numbness in the later part of lower lip, chin and the tongue. This is due... | Posterior superior alveolar nerve | Lingual nerve | Nerve to mylohyoid | Buccal nerve | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
aae7ba09-a052-4772-b499-068edb869783 | The PO2 (in mm Hg) inside skeletal muscle cells during exercise is closest to: | 3 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 0a | single | The PO2 (in mm Hg) inside skeletal muscle cells during exercise is closest to - 3mm Hg The PO2 decreases severly due to muscle's oxygen demand is very high. | Physiology | Respiratory System Pa 2 |
a049d194-42e6-47ba-82a7-5472f6158f30 | Best IUCD for a woman with menorrhagia is: | Lippe loop | Cu-T 375 | Cu-T 200 | Levonorgestrel IUCD | 3d | single | Ref: Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology 15th Edition Pg: 230Explanation:Levonorgestrel I LCD is progesterone impregnated IUCD and is recommended to control bleeding in menorrhagia.Other non contraceptive benefits of LNG IUCD:DUBEndometrial hyperplasiaIntrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD)Biologically inert devices : Lip... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Non-Hormonal - Intrauterine Devices |
04b58a19-4825-4d38-a6b0-77d6c4ac458e | Which of the following is not an amide: | Lidocaine | Procaine | Prilocaine | Etidocaine | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. procaineThis one has been repeated so many times beforeAmide linked Local anaestheticsLidocaineBupivacaineDibucainePrilocaineRopivacaineEster linked local anaestheticsCocaineProcaineChlorprocaineTetracaineBenzocaine | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous (Local and Regional Anesthesia) |
fd5e810f-fddd-47c8-92e4-922444357626 | Degeneration of the myomata is more likely to sta from : | Centre | Periphery | From any poion | None of these | 0a | multi | Centre | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
db9636bb-4335-44a1-a2a7-090a3d2e0543 | Holt Oram syndrome is characterized by | ASD | VSD | TGA | TAPVC | 0a | single | Holt Oram syndrome:Hypoplastic or absent radii1st-degree hea blockASD(Refer: OP Ghai's Textbook of Pediatrics, 8th edition, pg no. 401) | Pediatrics | All India exam |
34c5ae30-0251-4530-b3d9-71b6ec52e08a | In Alzheimer disease patients, the major effect on neurotransmitter systems of tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine is to | increase dopamine availability | decrease dopamine availability | increase Ach availability | decrease Ach availability | 2c | single | Low levels of Ach are associated with the symptoms of Alzheimer disease. Tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (i.e., they block the breakdown of Ach, increasing its availability). These agents can thus be effective in slowing down the progression of the illness. They do ... | Psychiatry | Organic Mental Disorders |
cab95b29-d0ff-429d-ad3d-0c75af91cbe4 | All of the following causes subcutaneous fungal infections except: September 2007 | Blastomycosis | Sporotrichosis | Maduramycosis | Rhinosporodiosis | 0a | multi | Ans. A: Blastomycosis A. Superficial mycoses These affect the outer layers of the skin, the nails and hair. The main groups of fungi causing superficial fungal infections are: - Dermatophytes-Trichophyton, Microsporum and epidermophyton - Yeasts i.e. candida, malassezia, piedra - Moulds. B. Deep mycoses Subcutaneous my... | Microbiology | null |
ed41661b-759c-4173-9e35-e132e44982f4 | Myodesis is employed in amputations for all of the following indications except: | Trauma | Tumor | Children | Ischemia | 3d | multi | D i.e. Ischemia: * Myodesis is contraindicated in cases of severe dysvascularity (ischemic limb) in which blood supply to the muscle appears compromised for fear of damaging the already precarious blood supply.* Myodesis should not be performed when vascularity is compromised (Ischemia) In Myodesis the residual muscula... | Surgery | null |
1bd89554-6c2e-4584-92f9-2f238e8a2c39 | 16 year old boy presents to emergency with injury to his right index finger tip with glass piece. Which of the following radiological modality is best used for determination of glass piece in patient's finger? | X-Ray | USG | CT Scan | MRI | 0a | single | Glass is always radio-opaque irrespective of content of lead and other additives. So plain X-Ray is best to look for glass foreign body. | Radiology | Musculoskeletal Radiology |
a9140920-3366-4a87-b848-2f3ad7bfab3d | Drug of choice for Liddle syndrome | Acetazolamide | Furosemide | Amiloride | Spironolactone | 2c | single | Liddle syndrome is charcterized by increased ENaC channels and Amiloride is a ENaC blocker, which can be used for this condition. | Pharmacology | null |
f6dea44b-fd89-4db3-84c2-d2500a2a59b0 | A child presents with sho episodes of vacant stare several times a day. The vacant episode begins abruptly and the child remains unresponsive during the episode. There is no associated history of aura or postictal confusion and the child is otherwise normal. The likely diagnosis is | Grandmal seizures | Absence seizures | Complex paial seizures | Day dreaming | 1b | single | Answer is B (Absence seizures): Presence of multiple sho episodes of vacant stare (absence) in an otherwise normal child with no history of aura or postictal confusion suggests the diagnosis of typical absence seizures. Absence seizures versus Dav dreaming Absence seizures can easily be confused with episodes day dream... | Pediatrics | null |
e0348afc-9c6e-49f5-a5ce-6e345077f432 | Would closure for clean wounds within 6 hours of injury without risk of contamination | Primary closure | Delayed primary closure | Secondary closure | Tertiary closure | 0a | single | Primary Closure
Also known as healing by primary intention Have a small, clean defect that minimizes the risk of infection Requires new blood vessels and keratinocytes to migrate only a small distance Surgical incisions, paper cuts and small cutaneous wounds usually heal by primary closure.
Fastest type of closure by s... | Surgery | null |
a29e165d-a89b-4d4d-841e-65684c429090 | A 47-year-old woman comes to the physician because of right upper quadrant abdominal pain and a loss of appetite. A CT of the liver shows “berry” or “popcorn” lesions
Which of the following measures is contraindicated in this condition? | Antiepileptic medications | Liver biopsy | Metastatic bone survey | OCP | 1b | single | null | Medicine | null |
d8caa5a3-8369-489b-afce-39593a81268f | Which among the following is an absolute contraindication of Hormone replacement therapy ? | Endometriosis | Osteoahritis | Hea disease | Breast carcinoma | 3d | single | Absolute contraindications of hormone replacement therapy (H): Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding Estrogen dependent cancer in the body Severe liver disease Pregnancy Venous thrombosis Well-differentiated and early endometrial cancer (once treatment for the malignancy is complete, is no longer an absolute contraindication.) | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
5ac3fd83-f6cd-4177-8ba2-cadf2c24724d | Children borne by female at the end of reproductive period is - | TFR | NRR | BR | None | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., TFR Total fertility rateo Total fertility rate represents the average number of children, a woman would have if she were to pass through her reproductive years, bearing children at the same rates, as the women now in each age group,o It is computed by summing the age specific fertility rates for all a... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Demography |
95a5881b-82eb-4076-b4b1-81b7d34b862e | Duchene-muscular dystrophy? | Autosomal dominant | Autosomal recessive | X-linked dominant | X-linked recessive | 3d | single | Ans. (d) X linked recessiveRef: Robbings pathology 9th ed. 1/42 | Pathology | Mendelian Disorders: Single-Gene Defects |
7e18d1ad-f942-4465-851d-902cb39604c8 | All of the following statement are true regarding esophageal atresia, except: | There is absence of esophagus | It is a mechanical obstruction | It occurs most commonly at or near the tracheal bifurcation | It is associated with other congenital anomalies | 0a | multi | Esophageal atresia Congenital defect Thin, non-canalized cord replaces a segment of esophagus, causing a mechanical obstruction. Thus, some pa of esophagus is present in esophageal atresia - option-1 is wrong. Commonly at/near tracheal bifurcation usually associated with fistula connecting upper/lower esophageal pouche... | Pathology | Esophageal disorders |
99507c09-b98e-42f3-8a3f-cd1ae6e8b01c | A child fights with other childrens frequently. He has disciplinary problem in school and steals things. Most likely diagnosis is: March 2012 | Autism | Attention deficit hyperkinetic disorder | Conduct disorder | Obsessive compulsive disorder | 2c | single | Ans: C i.e. Conduct disorderChild psychiatric conditions and presentationTriad of symptoms of autism includes abnormal reciprocal social interaction; communication and language impairment; and a restricted, stereotyped and repetitive repeoire of interests and activitiesClinical features of ADHD includes inattention, hy... | Psychiatry | null |
929928e5-ebe6-4f1d-91d6-c017d49177d1 | The normal value of Arden index is | 1 | 5-Jan | Less than 18.5 | More than 1.85 | 3d | single | Arden ratio = (Maximum height of light peak/Minimum height of dark trough) x 100 Normal curve values are 185 or above. Subnormal curve values are less than 150. Flat curve values are less than 125. Reference : AK KHURANA COMPREHENSIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY, Edition4 , Page-490 | Ophthalmology | Anatomy, Development and clinical examination |
b554854b-5bd4-42bc-b773-9611a465d1c7 | OC pills are C/I in pts receiving : | Rifampicin | Ethambutol | Streptomycin | Pyrazinamide | 0a | single | Ans. is a i.e. Rifampicin | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
2774add4-7ea3-48f1-a950-9969fd90efeb | Sec 299 IPC deals with | Assault | Culpable homicide | Murder | Grievous hu | 1b | single | Culpable homocide ( section 299 IPC) whoever causes death by doing an act, with the intention of causing death or with the intention for causing such bodily injury as likely to cause death, or cause death, commits the offence of culpable homicide Ref: FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY Dr PC IGNATIUS THIRD EDITION PAGE 2... | Anatomy | Miscellaneous |
388378fd-7bcf-4370-a666-fb54e2ddcb6e | Muscle relaxant used in renal failure – | Ketamine | Atracurium | Pancuronium | Fentanyl | 1b | single | The unique feature of atracurium is inactivation in plasma by spontaneous nonenzymatic degradation (Hofmann elimination) in addition to that by Alkaline ester hydrolysis.
Consequently, its duration of action is not altered in patients with hepatic/renal insufficiency or hemodynamic compromise → It is the preferred musc... | Anaesthesia | null |
8979fb6e-6f9d-4eb5-aa5f-46e9034abe5a | Something done by the medical practitioner disgraceful and dishonourable to the medical profession is called | Professional misconduct | Civil negligence | Medical negligence | Criminal negligence | 0a | multi | Professional misconduct It is defined as something done by the medical practitioner, which is disgraceful and dishonourable to the medical profession. It involves the abuse of medical profession Ref: FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY Dr PC IGNATIUS THIRD EDITION PAGE 375 | Forensic Medicine | Medical Jurisprudence |
0639228e-9a8f-4b6f-8a68-31cb6e7640f2 | Neurolathyrism is due to - | Argemone oil | Jhunjhunia | Khesari dal | None | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Khesari dal DiseaseToxinAdulterantLathyrismEpidemic DropsyEndemic AscitesAfla toxicosisErgotismBOAASanguinarinePyrrolizidine alkaloidsAflatoxinClavine alkaloidsKhesari Dal (Lathyrus sativus)Argemone mexicana (oil)Crotolaria seeds (Jhunjhunia)Aspergillus flavus/parasiticusClaviceps fusiformis | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and Health |
79e8c3be-265a-4bf5-a413-3a2430fbe8e9 | Corynebacterium diphtheriae causes - | Pseudomembrane | Punched out ulcer | Myocarditis | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above* Clinically diphtheria is divided into1) Facial (tonsillo-pharyngeal) diphtheria# It is the commonest type with incubation period of 2-5 days. There is thick adherent pseudomembrane (grey or white) on one or both tonsils or adjacent pharynx. Dislodging of membrane is likely to cause b... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
4d94a07d-4334-45dc-ba71-f9bf985f5bd8 | First web space of foot is supplied by: | Common peroneal nerve | Superficial peroneal nerve | Deep peroneal nerve | Sural nerve | 2c | single | Ans. C Deep peroneal nerveRef: Anatomy of Foot and Anklet pg 12NerveMotor InnervationSensory DistributionCommon peroneal (L4, L5, S1, S2)Deep and superficial peronealArticular branches to knee; anterolateral aspect proximal leg (via lateral sural nerve)Deep peronealTibialis anterior, EDL, EHL, peroneus tertius Lateral ... | Anatomy | Lower Extremity |
0dbf468f-8c10-4aec-8e5a-6ab9ddd25c05 | Commonest fungal infection of the female genitalia in diabetes is: | Cryptococcal | Madura mycosis | Candidial | Aspergellosis | 2c | single | C i.e. Candidial | Skin | null |
1d5bee12-e421-44ff-81cf-6e688602f892 | The structure of Phospholipid consists of | Monoglyceride+phosphate+choline | Diglyceride+phosphate+choline | Triglyceride+phosphate+choline | Glycerol+phosphate+choline | 1b | single | Phospholipid - 2 Fatty acid+ Glycerol+ PO + Choline or ethanolamine ( 2 Fatty acid + Glycerol is called Diacylglycerol or Diglyceride) Reference: Harpers illustrated biochemistry 31st edition page196 | Biochemistry | Metabolism of lipid |
a7c13502-2359-406d-a893-9c76e7eb010e | There are low many pairs of spinal nerves ? | 28 | 30 | 31 | 33 | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 31Spinal cord gives origin to 31 pairs of spinal nerves -8 cervical pairs12 thoracic pairs5 lumbar pairs5 sacral pairs1 coccygeal pairsThere are 8 cervical nerves (but only 7 cervical veebrae) because C1 exits between the skull and atlas, while C8 exits through the interveebral formen between C7 and T... | Anatomy | null |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.