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b2edd57b-e014-4684-a96d-50f5ae8fdf67 | Which of the following is not an indication for endotracheal intubation? | Maintenance of a patent airway | To provide positive pressure ventilation | Pulmonary toilet | Pneumothorax | 3d | single | Pneumothorax requires urgent needle thoracocentesis and/or Intercostal drainage. Pneumothorax is a known complication of endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation and is certainly not an indication for the same. | Anaesthesia | null |
195e561a-fa38-4b4e-8cb2-7bea8a341f6e | Teratogenicity results when drugs are given during | First trimester | Second trimester | Third trimester | Soon after birth | 0a | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
8947773f-c860-47d1-8925-7e68d53e727c | Balloon valvotomy is successful in all of the following cases except – | Congenital pulmonary stenosis | Calcified mitral stenosis | Mitral stenosis is pregnancy | Congenital aortic stenosis | 1b | multi | It is indicated in MS without calcification. | Pediatrics | null |
107edbc2-a5f7-4783-85b0-d39ea8c30f8f | Hep Burn Osteometric board is used to measure- | Length of long bones | Length of flat bones | Breadth of long bones | Breadth of flat bones | 0a | single | Ans. 'a' i.e., Length of long bones o Hep Bum Osteometric board is used to accurately measure length of long bones.Hepburn Osteometric Boardo It is ait instrument used to measure length oflong bones.o It has a rectangular base with ruler fixed along one of its long sides,o An upright is fixed at one end of the board an... | Forensic Medicine | Identification - Medicolegal aspects |
5b9579e8-d52e-44ac-b3e5-3f2e4a5bc4e1 | Which of the following drugs should be given in a patient with acute angle closure glaucoma .except | Pilocarpine | Clozapine | Fluphenazine | Paroxentine | 0a | multi | Three drugs in the option i.e clozapine,fluph fluphen,paroxentine have anti-cholinergic propeies and should be avoided in angle closure glaucoma. Ref-KDT 6/e p426 | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
63f1f5be-3082-4248-94a7-97a2dd1e61de | Which among the following drug is contra-indicated in renal failure? | Pethidine | Morphine | Fentanyl | Atracurium | 0a | single | Renal failure patients given repeated doses of pethidine are prone to experience similar effects. All the other drugs are safe in renal failure. Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system |
5ee0e0a5-dc18-4ba9-83b0-17a317e87dc2 | Male-female differentiation of fetus occurs at | 2-4 weeks | 10-12 weeks | 16-18 weeks | 24-26 weeks | 1b | single | Genotype of embryo is established at feilization. But male and female embryos are phenotypically distinguishbletill week 6. Ref: Gray's 39e/p-1289 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
f52e0e55-bd70-4cc5-8b9a-9afe6f6fac82 | Synthesis of protein occurs on: | Mitochondria | Poly ribosomes | Nucleus | Golgi bodies | 1b | single | null | Biochemistry | null |
3dcdb838-a988-4a97-8ce7-6a1826bc641a | Traditionally scrotal carcinoma is associated with which of the following occupations? | Chimney sweeps | Mule spinners | Coal worker | Wood workers | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Chimney sweeps & 'b' i.e., Mule spinners * Carcinoma of the scrotum.* It is traditionally recognized as an occupational hazard for chimney sweeps and mule spinners.* It was described by Potts.* Unlike carcinoma of the penis, carcinoma of the scrotum is almost unknown in India and Asiatic countries.* T... | Surgery | Testis & Scrotum |
d7356a09-d2d2-4a60-9aa0-4fc56b563190 | Which of the following organism causes a life-threatening gastroenteritis as a result of use of a broad spectrum antimicrobial agents | Bacillus cereus | Bacillus anthracis | Clostridium botulinum | Clostridium difficile | 3d | single | The use of broad spectrum antibiotics such as ampicillin and clindamycin has been associated with pseudomembranous colitis. Antibiotic administration results in the proliferation of drug resistant C. difficile that produces Toxin A (a potent enterotoxin with cytotoxic activity) and Toxin B (a potent cytotoxin). This di... | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
b28d10d6-957f-4829-b031-6b60b0af1a2a | Hep-2 cells are a type of- | Primary cell cultures | Diploid cell strain | Continuous cell lines | Explant culture | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c', i.e. Continous cell lines | Microbiology | null |
77e93ead-40cb-41f2-b642-bb8a4ce20c7d | Botulinum toxin acts by | Secretion of Ach | Synthesis of ACh | Inhibits Ach release | Muscle nerve block | 2c | single | Ref: HL Sharma 3rd ed pg no:133 botulinum toxin and beta-bungaro toxin inhibits the release of Ach into the synapse | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
009e7a81-382e-4a7a-b8f1-b1a3ee60f8eb | The commonest pancreatic tumor is: | Ductal adenocarcinoma | Cystadenoma | Insulinoma | Non islet cell tumor | 0a | single | M/C type - Adenocarcinoma Non-specific Tumour Marker - CEA Specific Tumour Marker - CA 19.9 Chemotherapy Regimen - Gemcitabine MC site of metastasis - Liver M/C site for CA pancreas - Head > Body > Tail Neuroendocrine Tumors (NET) of Pancreas- M/C NET of Pancreases - Non-Functional (PPOMA)- M/C functional NET of Pancre... | Surgery | Pancreas |
366aafd0-e8f7-4e67-88f6-606b2cd02ca8 | Bite cells are characteristic of - | G6PD deficiency | Thallasemia | Hereditary spherocytosis | Sideroblastic anaemia | 0a | multi | Exposure of G6PD deficient red cells to high levels of oxidants causes cross linking of reactive sulfhydril groups on globin chains which become denatured and form membrane bound precipitates known as Heinz bodies. As inclusion bearing red cells pass through the splenic cords, macrophages pluck out the Heinz bodies. As... | Pathology | Haematology |
d5dff6dd-595e-4e6e-93cf-ff6c3b3d673f | A four year old boy Tinu has normal developmental milestones except delayed speech. He is interested to watch spinning objects like fan and the washing machine. His parents struggle to get him interested in other children at home. People often comment that he is disinterested and self centred. What will be your thought... | Autism Spectrum Disorder | Sibling Rivalry | Mental retardation | Specific learning disability | 0a | multi | Tinu's presentation is that of poor 'theory of mind' or lack of perspective taking, poor communication and social skills and obsessive interests in spinning objects, which is common in ASD (autism spectrum disorder). Autism is characterized by triad of impaired social development, disturbed communication and language a... | Psychiatry | null |
d20edab9-27cb-4964-b732-77c9e901f8f9 | True about Arboviruses is - | Yellow fever is endemic in India | Dengue has only one serotype | KFD was first identified in West Bengal | Chikungunya is transmitted by Aedes aegypti | 3d | multi | - chikungunya is a disease caused by group A virus, the chikungunya virus and transmitted by Aedes aegypti. - KFD was first recognized inas Shimoga district of Karnataka in India. - India is a yellow fever receptive area, that is an area in which yellow fever does not exist, but where conditions would permit it's devel... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
4e2c1655-75d3-40f8-ab8e-b4b3d1e887fb | NADPH oxidase deficiency causes impaired immunity which of the follwoing process? | Chedickhigasi syndrome | Chronic granulomatous disease | Leucocyte adhesion defect type 1 | Leucocyte adhesion defect type 2 | 1b | single | Chronic granulomatous disease is a rare, X-linked deficiency of NADPH oxidase activity which drastically impairs the ability of macrophages and neutrophils to destroy pathogens. Patients are especially vulnerable to mycobacteria, E coli, and staphylococcus since these organisms produces catalase to defend themselves ag... | Biochemistry | null |
6bf37d4b-282d-46f4-9051-d116a86a3933 | A patient presented with numbness of little and ring finger, atrophy of hypothenar muscles. The nerve damaged will be? | Palmar cutaneous branch of ulnar | Deep branch of ulnar | Ulnar nerve before division into superficial and deep branches | Posterior cord of brachial plexus | 2c | single | This is a case of cubital tunnel syndrome, which is caused by compression or irritation of the ulnar nerve as it passes under the medial epicondyle before it branches to deep and superficial branches. Symptoms are usually tingling and numbness in the cutaneous distribution of the ulnar nerve. In severe cases, muscle we... | Anatomy | null |
e1ea8dcc-206e-4e9e-9a8f-8e453a6b27ff | An elderly male accompanied by his son.The son tells his father has fever, cough, shoness of breath since 2 weeks. The patient is a known case of chronic bronchitis and diabetes. Travel history to Wuhan City, China is present. What is the symmetry of the causative virus? | Naked helical symmetry | complex symmetry | Enveloped helical symmetry | Icosahedral symmetry | 2c | single | The patient is suffering from coronavirus disease 2019. The symmetry of the causative virus is enveloped helical symmetry. Coronaviridae is a family of which have the following propeies: Unsegmented genome of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses. They are enveloped viruses. They exhibit helical symmetry. Coronav... | Microbiology | Virology |
42244781-f4d0-4f28-882b-044caa0475b8 | Multipleround to oval erythematous patches with fine central scale distributed along the skin tension lines on the trunk is highly suggestive of? | Tinea versicolor | Pityriasis rosea | Lichen planus | Seborrheic dermatitis | 1b | single | . | Pathology | All India exam |
03c3ee1d-8088-4237-ac18-f11dda6b721a | Leutic glossitis is an intra-oral manifestation caused by | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Actinomycosis | Trepenoma pallidium | Streptococcus | 2c | multi | null | Pathology | null |
584784d5-b344-47f4-8cb4-5ecf1cca28ef | About Langerhans cell histiocytosis, true are all except: | Peak incidence less than 3 years of age | Radiosensitive | Diffuse form is known as Letterer-Siwe-disease | Gonadal involvement occurs | 3d | multi | d. Gonadal involvement occurs(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2484-2489; Ghai 8/e p 620-623)a. Peak incidence less than 3 years of age: True; More common and more severe in younger childrenb. Radiosensitive: True, as Bone lesions and Pituitary lesions, causing DI, respond well to radiotherapyc. Diffuse form is known as Letterer-S... | Pediatrics | C.V.S. |
b36429ed-4615-4ae7-8215-78589e7ab8ca | Which fruit juice helps in preventing UTI: | Grape | Raspberry | Cranberry | Orange | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e. Cranberry Cranberry juice has been traditionally used for the treatment and prophylaxis of urinary tract infection.Recent randomized controlled trials have demonstrated its utility in prophylaxis of UTIs but not for treatment. | Surgery | Miscellaneous (Kidney & Uterus) |
10349d56-0c4a-41d1-bf47-19ae53d126b8 | Essential drug is? | Drugs that has been developed specifically to treat a rare medical condition | Those drugs that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the population | Those drugs that satisfy the health care needs of at least 50% of the population | Drug that is to be used with in first hour of the acute attack of the disease | 1b | multi | ANSWER: (B) Those drugs that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the populationREF: KDT 6th edition page 5Essential drugs (medicines), as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) are "those drugs that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the population; they should therefore be available ... | Pharmacology | Pharmacokinetics |
bb3fed65-e1d2-4cf0-920e-1ff9af6a91aa | The Burrows in scabies is in the – | Stratum basale | Stratum granulosum | Stratum corneum | Dennis | 2c | single | Mite burrows into stratum corneum. These burrow is visible clinically as an irregular gray - brown line. | Dental | null |
0be4323d-2048-4131-bad0-afa9bfb4ada8 | Immediate stiffnes postmoem occurs in : | Cadaveric rigidity | Cadaveric spasm | Rigor mois | Algor mois | 1b | single | B i.e. Cadaveric spasm | Forensic Medicine | null |
22249624-0e80-4246-a9ac-d19a2841b30f | One week after an extended hysterectomy, the patient leaks urine per vaginum. In spite of the leakage, she has to pass urine from time to time. The most likely cause is : | Vesico-vaginal fistula | Ureterovaginal fistula | Stress incontinence | Overflow incontinence | 1b | single | Ureterovaginal fistula | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
50f415e5-550c-403b-9173-77d734723012 | Which of the following does not cause Polyuria? | Interstitial nephritis | Hypokalemia | A.D.H insufficiency | Rhabdomyolysis | 3d | single | Rhabdomyolysis leads to myoglobinuria which leads to blockage of tubules and thereby reduction of urine output. Interstitial nephritis is characterized by tubular damage leading to polyuria. Hypokalemic nephropathy in choice B and ADH insufficiency (diabetes insipidus) in choice C leads to Polyuria. | Medicine | Nephrotic and Nephritic syndrome |
e0a9dd85-0cdb-490f-bde7-b2b43984221c | CCA can be palpated at | Thyroid cartilage. | 1st tracheal ring. | Cricoid cartilage. | Arteries can never be palpated. | 0a | single | null | Anatomy | null |
efe3cf98-fb03-41ea-b4d7-d0e58be799b5 | A patient who has suffered severe chest trauma in an automobile accident is found to have fluid in the right pleural space. A thoracentesis reveals the presence of chylous fluid in the pleural space, suggesting a rupture of the thoracic duct. In which regions of the thorax is the thoracic duct found. | Anterior and middle mediastinum | Anterior and superior mediastinum | Middle and superior mediastinum | Posterior and superior mediastinum | 3d | single | Posterior and superior mediastinum o Thoracic duct is the main lymphatic channel of the body that drains to the venous system from the body except the: -Right thorax -Right arm -Right head and neck o It begins as a continuation of the cisterna chyli at the level of the T 12 veebras. It passes to the right of the aoa th... | Surgery | null |
c6249940-6290-4840-9d62-5bb2aec8d539 | All of the following are manifestations of congenital syphilis except:- | Gumma | Hutchinson's teeth | Olympian brow | Interstitial keratitis | 0a | multi | Gumma- seen in teiary syphilis Late signs of Congenital syphilis Symptom/sign Descriptions Olympian brow Bony prominence of the forehead caused by persistent or recurrent periostitis Higoumenaki's sign Unilateral or bilateral thickening of the sternoclavicular third of the clavicle Saber shins Anterior bowing of the mi... | Pediatrics | FMGE 2018 |
4f7a9408-4dbe-468f-9c0a-12b127ec8ae9 | What is the position of the leg in fracture neck of femur: September 2007 | Internal rotation deformity of less than 45 degree | External rotation deformity of less than 45 degree | Internal rotation deformity of more than 45 degree | External rotation deformity of more than 45 degree | 1b | single | Ans. B: External rotation deformity of less than 45 degree Capsule of the hip joint prevents full external rotation in intra-capsular/ fracture neck of femur. So external rotation will be there but not significant, whereas in case of extra-capsular/inter-trochanteric femoral fractures, leg will be externally rotated to... | Surgery | null |
6964cfda-7412-43ec-b4ab-50d342cf1cda | Which one of the following is not a feature of renal aery stenosis? | Hypeension responds well to drugs | Kidneys may be asymmetrical | Atherosclerotic plaques are common | Serum creatinine may increase with ACE inhibitors | 0a | single | In renal aery stenosis - Hypeension is difficult to control with drugs. Patients often respond to Revascularization procedures like percutaneous renala aery angioplasty . There may be decline in GFR during therapy with ACE -inhibitors or ARB'S. Renal aery stenosis can be unilateral or bilateral, so kidneys may be asymm... | Medicine | Kidney |
700dea0c-8593-43cb-b6a4-0c62bcc2cfc4 | CSF glucose level is | Half the plasma glucose | 2/3 plasma glucose | 1/3 plasma glucose | Same as plasma glucose | 1b | single | Answer is B (2/3 of plasma glucose): | Medicine | null |
7e5d1f55-533f-451d-9289-d7aaef1e7f0c | All are true about communicability of Malaria, except- | The number of gametocytes in blood increases with time | Gametocytes appear in blood 4-5 days after the appearance of the asexual parasite, in vivax infection. | Gametocytes appear in blood 10-12 days after the appearance of asexual parasite, in falciparum infection | In the early stage of infection, their density may exceed 1000 per cmm of blood. | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e. The number of gametocytes in blood increases with time o A malarial parasite (Plasmodium) has got 2 hosts Man is the intermediate host Mosquito is the definitive host o Plasmodium undergoes 2 cycles of development - The asexual or human cycle The sexual or mosquito cycle o The mosquito cycle begins whe... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
5acf3950-b01c-459c-b095-edd5a8c21c44 | Xray aifact is | A radiolucent area | Any abnormal opacity in the radiograph | Produced when patient moves while taking the film | All of the above | 3d | multi | Aifacts can present in a variety of ways including abnormal shadow noted on a radiograph or degraded image quality and have been produced by aificial means from hardware failure, operator error, and software (post-processing) aifacts. Common CausesImproper handling of the filmsErrors while processing the filmsPatient m... | Radiology | All India exam |
5427f97d-40f6-4a32-b617-db9de0c864d7 | On the basis of BMI obesity is labeled at | 20 | 25 | 30 | 18 | 2c | single | Body mass index (BMI) or Quetelet index:Defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height, and is expressed in units of kg/m2BMIWeight status< 18.5 Underweight18.5-24.9 Healthy25.0-29.9Overweight>= 30.0Obese30.00-34.99 Obese class I35.00-39.99 Obese class II>= 40 Obese class IIIRef: Harrison's 18/e p608... | Medicine | All India exam |
dbe04ad6-6720-42d9-80c7-45214ba8469d | The following are predisposing factors for Esophageal carcinoma except | Plummer-Vinson syndrome | Tylosis palmaris | Tylosis palmaris | Benzene therapy | 3d | multi | Answer is D (Benzene therapy) Benzene therapy has not been mentioned in the best of predisposing factors for carcinoma esophagus, and is the single best answer of exclusion. Predisposing factors for carcinoma esophagus : 1. Alcohol consumptionQ 2. Smoking cigarettes Q 3. Ingested Carcinogens Nitrates Q Smoked opiates F... | Medicine | null |
c7db4f8b-b376-48f7-aa9d-2a4135ad6524 | Osteoporosis is seen in : | Thyrotoxicosis | Cushing's disease | Menopause | All of the above | 3d | multi | Answer is D (All of the above) : Estrogen deficiency (Hypogonadal state) is known to cause osteoporosis. The most frequent estrogen deficient state is the cessation of ovarian function at the time of menopause. Thyrotoxicosis and Cushing's syndrome are known endocrine causes of osteoporosis. | Medicine | null |
aa07336c-3f12-4015-820b-3235bac945fc | Thaliomide is used in all except ? | ENL | HIV neuropathy | HIV associated ulcer | Behcet's syndrome | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., HIV neuropathy | Pharmacology | null |
b9635cbe-ce48-4320-b4b2-dd0d78eb24cd | Abruptio placentae occurs in all except: | Smokers | Alcoholics | PET | Folic acid deficiency | 1b | multi | Abruptio placenta is premature separation of normally situated placentaQ resulting in hemorrhage.
Risk factors:
Increased maternal age - Increased parity
Pre eclampsia - Chronic hypertension
Preterm ruptured membranes pregnancy - Sudden uterine decompression as in hydramnios and twin
Cigarette smoking - Thrombophilia
... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
dc5e4fb4-834c-4460-9237-6dc7165e4bc4 | Monogenic transmission of diabetes mellitus occurs in: | Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) | Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) | Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) | Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) | 3d | single | d. Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY)(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2760-2780, Ghai 8/e p 541-548)MODY refers to forms of diabetes are associated with monogenic defects in pancreatic b-cell function. | Pediatrics | Endocrinology |
dd2a73aa-0319-4a3e-9f4b-ea1ab50263de | Bone Density is best studied by – | CT scan | DEXA scan | MRI scan | Bone scan | 1b | single | DEXA scan is the gold standard test for screening of bone density (to rule out asteoporosis). | Radiology | null |
ed5fff02-34da-43e1-9a29-802f8309a2ec | Investigation of choice for lumbar prolapsed disc | X-ray | CT Scan | MRI | Myelogram Patt | 2c | single | Investigation of choice for PID at any level is MRI. | Orthopaedics | null |
ba460fcf-ee5b-43e5-98fa-7a84d41c26fc | An athletic male with itchy lesion at groin as shown below, causative agent can be all EXCEPT: | Trichophyton | Microsporum | Epidermophyton | Aspergillus | 3d | multi | Ans. d. AspergillusThe itchy lesion in picture is a typical dermatophyte infection, and its known Jock's itch or Tineacruris. It is also known as Dhobi's itch. Since it is a dermatophyte infection, it cannot be caused by Aspergillus. | Skin | Fungal Infection |
b6a39059-1050-4080-b996-a3660bc3450d | True statement about treatment of intussusceptions | Air enema | Saline enema | Ba enema | Hydostatic reduction | 0a | multi | In the infant with ileocolic intussusception, after resuscitation with intravenous fluids, broad-spectrum antibiotics and nasogastric drainage, non-operative reduction can be attempted using an air or barium enema (see Chapter 6, Fig. 6.14). Successful reduction can only be accepted if there is free reflux of air or ba... | Surgery | G.I.T |
a476c1f3-c6d5-45d9-b85b-7deb75d088fc | In comparison to breast milk, colostrum has higher content of: | Carbohydrates | Fat | Sodium | Potassium | 2c | single | Ans. is c, i.e. SodiumRef. Dutta Obs 7/e, p 148Colostrum is a deep yellow serous fluid secreted from breasts starting from pregnancy and for 2-3 days after delivery.CompositionIt has higher specific gravity and higher protein, Vitamin A, D, E, K, immunoglobulin, sodium and chloride content than mature breast milk.It ha... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Abnormality of Puerperium |
58d346d8-8b6e-45cf-9328-34efe1dd49bc | All of the following infections are sexually transmitted, except: | Candida albicans | Echinococcus | Molluscum contagiosum | Group B streptococcus | 1b | multi | Candida albicans, molluscum contagiosum virus and group B streptococcus are sexually transmitted diseases. Echinococcus granulosus is spread through feco-oral route. Sexually transmitted pathogens include : Bacteria such as Neisseria Gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, Treponema pallidum, Hemophilus d... | Medicine | null |
e2bb4723-de60-4356-acdc-b6db3fc7bad7 | Lorenzo oil used in treatment of: | Gaucher disease | Adrenoleukodystrophy | Fabry's disease | Hurler disease | 1b | single | Adrenoleukodystrophy- Bone marrow transplant & Lorenzo oil Enzyme replacement therapy for- Gaucher disease- Human recombinant acid b-glucosidase (Imiglucerase) Velaglucerase alfa Taliglucerase alfa Fabry's disease- Agalsidase beta Hurler disease- Aldurazyme | Pediatrics | Lysosomal Storage Diseases |
29b143f7-3d93-4840-8cda-75e786c0bd90 | Surgery of choice for chronic duodenal ulcer is - | Vagotomy + antrectomy | Total gastrectomy | Truncal vagotomy + pyloroplasty | Highly selective vagotomy | 3d | single | Highly selective vagotomy Procedure of choice for chronic or intractable duodenal ulcers Nerves of Latarjet supplying the antrum are preserved (and hence gastric motility) Drainage procedure is not required Lowest Moality rate and side effects. Minimal chances of dumping Syndrome and gastric atony Relatively high recur... | Anatomy | G.I.T |
d59fcdcf-9ec2-4316-9fff-362bc015b98a | Right hepatic duct drain all, Except | Segment I | Segment III | Segment V | Segment VI | 1b | multi | Right hepatic duct drains into segment V, VI, VII, VIII and left hepatic duct drains into segment I, II, III, IV, the segment I have an independent supply of poal and hepatic veins. Reference SRB edition :5 page:593 | Surgery | G.I.T |
2799db1a-0604-44f6-8557-73f5c8f7732e | Disclosing solution stains | Food debris | Material alba | Micro organism | Glycoprotein | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
7dee5ad4-d8fd-4baf-b3b4-0cf6f424b8f4 | Most common cause of ectopic ACTH production | Renal cell carcinoma | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Small cell carcinoma lung | Pheochromacytoma | 2c | multi | null | Medicine | null |
d0b506d7-163d-4ebf-8bb2-9dd64c481294 | All of the following are true about pachydermia laryngitis except | Hoarseness of voice | Premalignant condition | Involves posterior pa of larynx | Biopsy shows acanthosis and hyperkeratosis | 1b | multi | PACHYDERMIA LARYNGIS It is a form of chronic hyperophic laryngitis affecting posterior pa of larynx in the region of interarytenoid and posterior pa of the vocal cords. Clinically, patient presents with hoarseness or husky voice and irritation in the throat. Indirect laryngoscopy reveals heaping up of red or grey granu... | ENT | Larynx |
c2105304-8609-4943-b7a4-914cd14b39bd | The most common sequelae of tuberculous spondylitis in an adolescent is: | Fibrous ankylosis | Bony-ankylosis | Pathological dislocation | Chronic osteomyelitis | 1b | single | (b)- The usual outcome of healed tuberculosis in spine is the bony ankylosis and in peripheral joints like Hip and Knee Fibrous ankylosis is seen. | Orthopaedics | TB of the Spine |
23f357af-d6ae-4859-be69-5eab45f52663 | Biguanides acts by following except - | |Insulin release from pancreas | | Glycolysis | | Gluconeogenesis | | Insulin binding to its receptors | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., | insulin release from pancreash Biguanides acts by : o Suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis and glucose output from liver major action. o Enhance insulin mediated glucose disposal in muscle and fat (Increased peripheral utilization of glucose) by enhancing GLUT-I transpo from intracellular site to plasma... | Pharmacology | null |
ca71f0cb-3ac3-40d7-a299-4c89b12649ad | A patient presented with renal cell carcinoma invading IVC and renal vein. False statement is: | Pre-op biopsy is not necessary | IVC involvement indicates inoperability | Pre-op radiotherapy is not essential | Chest X-ray should be done to rule out pulmonary metastasis | 1b | multi | Patients with renal vein or IVC involvement by tumour but without evidence of metastatic disease remain surgical candidates. Occasionally, nephrectomy and removal of IVC tumour thrombus need to be done. Bench surgery and autotransplantation is performed for larger tumours in a solitary kidney. Chest X-ray should be don... | Surgery | Kidney and ureter |
d71d4f1e-d25d-40da-a2b9-9dde819a3a31 | Preventable cuses of mental retardation are - | Downs | Phenylketonuria | Cretinism | Cerebral palsy | 2c | single | Ans. is `c' i.e., Cretinism Cretinism is due to deficiency of Iodine, which can be preventable. | Pediatrics | null |
62d6351a-1416-4399-abcd-479d426de603 | A population of 100000 is under surveillance during an year. 100 cases were positive for malarial thick smear. What is the annual parasite index - | 1 per 1000 | 2 per 1000 | 10 per 1000 | 20 per 1000 | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1 per 1000 * Annual Parasite Incidence = (confirmed cases during one year/population under surveillancee) x 1000* Population under surveillance = 100000* Confirmed cases =100API =100------100,000x 1000 = 1* So, API is 1 per 1000 population. | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable Diseases |
c9b0a4d7-1941-4ab1-8814-d649ea175b9c | Diatoms are - | Algae | Parasites | Bacteria | Fungi | 0a | single | Diatoms are unicellular algae. | Forensic Medicine | null |
eff50187-0515-4ecd-83db-b50a2471a4d5 | Hydramnios is complicated by all except: March 2005 | Placenta abruptio | Pre-eclampsia | Post dated pregnancy | Atonic Hemorrhage | 2c | multi | Ans. C: Post Dated Pregnancy Complications during pregnancy: Pre-eclampsia (25%) Malpresentations Premature rupture of membranes Preterm labour Accidental hemorrhage Complications during labour: Early rupture of membranes Cord prolapsed Uterine ineia Retained placenta, postpaum hemorrhage | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
c37b8fd1-9b4e-48b8-ac80-15a55069657a | Earliest site of bone involvement in hematogenous osteomyelitis is ? | Metaphysis | Epiphysis | Diaphysis | Apophysis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Metaphysis Pathophysiology of acute osteomyelitis Organism reach the bone through blood stream from a septic focus elsewhere in the body. Metaphysis of long bone is the earliest and most common site involved because : - i) Metaphysis is highly vascular ii) Commonest site is metaphysis. This is because... | Surgery | null |
1eb2d3f2-1de8-4dac-a2b3-bce27579e7ff | A gastric biopsy is taken from a 42 year old man. As the pathologist inspects the specimen, he observes numerous, normal cuboidal-to-columnar cells with apical membrane-bound secretion granules in the gastric glands. From which area of the stomach was the biopsy most likely taken? | Cardiac region | Columns of Morgagni | Fundic region | Greater omentum | 2c | single | The pathologist saw normal chief cells, which are abundant in the body and fundus of the stomach. Chief cells secrete pepsinogen, which is stored in apical membrane- bound granules. The body and fundus of the stomach contain high concentrations of four other types of cells in the epithelium. The parietal (oxyntic) cell... | Anatomy | null |
1f993e00-69b7-4e0b-92c7-b93ae40eb6b2 | All are true about pleomorphic adenoma except:- | Malignant transformation risk is high | Mixed tumor | Benign tumor | Encapsulated | 0a | multi | Risk of malignant transformation is low (3-5%) in pleomorphic adenoma. Malignant mixed tumors include cancers originating from pleomorphic adenomas, termed carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, and de novo malignant mixed tumors. The risk for malignant transformation of benign pleomorphic adenomas is 1.5% within the first ... | Surgery | Salivary Glands |
cebd84ff-4e1b-4d5f-829d-2695065827c6 | Which nerve is near to mandibular third molar (medial aspect) and is likely to be damaged while removing 3rd molar? | Inferior alveolar nerve | Buccal nerve | Massetric nerve | Lingual nerve | 3d | single | null | Surgery | null |
97cf6fd7-12f6-4781-a7fb-58ae59c5d2d2 | Laryngeal mask is contraindicated in all except- | Oral tumor | Ocular surgeries | Massive maxillofac ial injury | High risk of aspiration | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ocular surgeries Indications of LMA1. As an alternative to intubation wrhere difficult intubation is anticipated (difficult airway).2 To facilitate endo-tracheal intubation in a patient with difficult airw ays.Situations involving a difficult mask fit.Securing airw ay (as cardiopulmonary resuscitation... | Anaesthesia | Breathing Systems |
d9c5d889-762e-4b2d-8531-8e9d31023609 | All of the following muscles are supplied by accessory nerve except | Palatopharyngeus | Stylopharyngeus | Palatoglossus | Musculus uvulae | 1b | multi | null | Anatomy | null |
56d6ca5f-9345-411f-8026-a6369143d0a2 | A 40 year old woman has severe, disabling rheumatoid ahritis. Rheumatoid factor is positive. What would a biopsy of the synovium of her knee most likely reveal? | A nearly normal synovium with scattered inflammatory cells | A non-proliferative synovitis with abscess formation | A non-proliferative synovitis with many neutrophils | A proliferative synovitis with many lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells | 3d | single | Severe rheumatoid ahritis causes a proliferative synovitis with extensive damage to the synovium of the joint. The synol membrane becomes markedly thickened (pannus formation), with edematous villous projections that extend into the joint space. The intense inflammatory infiltrate that is present is typically composed ... | Surgery | null |
d61a04b1-aa58-443c-a0e0-22a3a01b707e | Wernicke's aphasia is seen due to lesion in? | Precentral gyrus | Inferior frontal gyrus | Superior temporal gyrus | Inferior temporal gyrus | 2c | single | ANSWER: (C) Superior temporal gyrusREF: Gray's anatomy 39th edition, page 415See previous question | Medicine | Aphasia |
8873e45a-506f-4468-9f30-fa41940504b9 | Most common disease caused by CMV in a postrenal transplant patients: | Pyelonephritis | Meningitis | Pneumonia | GI ulceration | 2c | single | Ans. (c) PneumoniaRef: Bailey 26th edition, Page 1416* Most common viral infection following kidney transplant is CMV- which presents with Interstitial pneumonia | Surgery | Transplantation |
b17ef838-e2a9-4a10-b11e-9678bac99155 | The best test to detect iron deficiency anaemia in a community with Iwo prevalence of iron deficiency is - | PCV | Serum iron | Serum ferritin | Iron binding capacity | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
71bf7008-5af1-4e9c-b02b-cc3d30c9b491 | Scrum pox is seen among ………………… players - | Football | Hockey | Rugby | Chess | 2c | multi | null | Surgery | null |
a550df94-cd27-4745-b699-dcf1669ed036 | In myocardial infarction the infarct acquires hyperemic rim with an yellow centre at | 3-7 days | 10-20 days | 7-14 days | 1-2 hours | 0a | single | 3 – 7 days Findings
Gross examination at border
Softening yellow-tan center Histopathology
(light microscopy)
Beginning of disintegration of dead muscle fibers
Necrosis of neutrophils
Beginning of macrophageremoval of dead cells at border | Unknown | null |
0612bd5f-dcf4-4861-bc65-d3d3becf9415 | The predominant immunoglobulin in sulcular fluid is: | Ig A | Ig G | Ig M | Ig E | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
33118b8a-34f5-41ec-b255-6a5e5ca5de5f | Middle lobe of prostrate is present in between: | Prostratic urethra & Ejaculation duct | Prostratic urethra & rectum | Ejaculation duct & pubis | Pubis and rectum | 0a | single | A i.e. Prostratic urethra & Ejaculation duct Board Review series AnatomyMedian lobe which lies between urethra and the ejaculatory duct is prone to benign hyperophy. QPosterior lobe, which lies behind the urethra and below the ejaculatory duct contains glandular tissue and is prone to carcinomatous transformation.Q | Anatomy | null |
658088b6-9a4d-4459-8780-2b1268a8d9c7 | Iritis roseata is seen in: | Leprosy | Syphilis | Tuberculosis | Sarcoidosis | 1b | single | Ans. Syphilis | Ophthalmology | null |
b6a53772-fc64-4f5d-aceb-4b794451e19f | Most common cause of intracranial haemorrhage is - | Sub arachnoid haemorrhage | Intracerebral haemorrhage | Subdural haemorrhage | Extradural haemorrhage | 1b | single | null | Medicine | null |
ed8eb44f-1723-4aeb-9f31-ad63be4d9d49 | Which of the following is NOT a component of Saint's triad? | Esophageal diveicula | Hiatus hernia | Gall stones | Colonic diveicula | 0a | multi | Saint's triad is a medical condition of the concurrence of hiatus hernia,gallstones& diveiculosis of colon. Reference:SRB's manual of surgery,5th edition,page no:641. | Surgery | G.I.T |
46a2a14e-ddf1-471b-8554-e78d94cd338d | After overnight fasting, levels of glucose transporters reduced in: | Brain cells | RBCs | Adipocyte | Hepatocyte | 2c | single | Ans. C. Adipocytes(Ref: Harper 29/e page 158, Harper 30/e page 192)GLUT-4 and InsulinGlucose uptake into muscle and adipose tissue is controlled by insulin, which is secreted by the islet cells of the pancreas in response to an increased concentration of glucose in the portal blood.In the fasting state, the glucose tra... | Biochemistry | Carbohydrates |
9ef92372-0343-405e-88af-c00100939074 | Which of the following is the most severe form of Diptheria | Nasal | Cutaneous | Nasopharynx | Laryngopharynx | 3d | single | Ref: Harrisons, 19th ed. pg. 978* Diptheria is a nasopharyngeal and skin infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Toxigenic strains of C. diphtheria produce a protein toxin that causes systemic toxicity, myocarditis, and polyneuropathy.* The toxigenic strains cause pharyngeal diphtheria, while the non-toxigenic... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
16d42a46-f79f-43dd-8b96-0c262d911885 | A 5-year-old child presents with a history of fever off–and–on for past 2 weeks and petechial spots all over the body and increasing pallor for past 1 month. Examination reveals splenomegaly of 2 ems below the costal margin. The most likely diagnosis is – | Acute leukemia | Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura | Hypersplenism | Aplastic anemia | 0a | multi | Pallor (anemia), petechial spot (thrombocytopenia), fever (infection due to neutropenia) with splenomegaly suggest the diagnosis of acute leukemia.
Further, the presence of splenomegaly eliminates aplastic anaemia and ITP as the possibilities
"Splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy are extremely uncommon in ITP and their pr... | Pediatrics | null |
a917557b-846a-4004-891b-fb4c1b147375 | A 23-year-old male patient presented with a history of back pain, which is more in the morning and relieved by bathing in warm water. What is the likely additional finding present in this patient? | Marrow fibrosis | Distal phalangeal joint involvement | Pleural nodules | Decreased chest wall expansion | 3d | multi | Ans. d. Decreased chest wall expansion (Ref: Harrison 19/e p2170, 18/e p2775)History of back pain, which is more in the morning and relieved by bathing in warm water is characteristic of spondylo arthropathy, like ankylosing spondylitis. Ankylosing spondylitis leads to extra-parenchymal restrictive lung disease, associ... | Medicine | Disorder of Metabolism & Connective Tissue |
e1aadbbf-4d82-4ad2-9a4a-828089f845c5 | Drug given for antibiotic associated pseudomembranous enterocolitis and is part of anti H. Pylori treatment: | Amoxicillin | Vancomycin | Metronidazole | Clotrimazole | 2c | single | Ans. C. MetronidazoleTriple drug regimen given for H. Pylori include- clarithromycin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, metronidazole. Out of all these drugs metronidazole is drug of choice for pseudomembranous colitis. | Pharmacology | Anti Microbial |
c0ea807c-047d-4567-9354-5bb60ed63290 | True about pseudocyst of pancreas - | Is a true cyst | Common with penetrating trauma abdomen | Treated with cystogastrostomy if size > 2 cm | Can present from mediastinum to pubis | 3d | multi | Answer is 'd' i.e. can present from mediastinum of pubis | Surgery | null |
10faac4c-857d-4945-913d-f3337d9409d8 | Postponing paying attention of conscious impulse or conflict is mature defence mechanism known as | Sublimation | Suppression | Humor | Anticipation | 1b | single | Sublimation: Gratification of an impulse whose goal is retained but whose aim or object is changed from a socially objectionable one to a socially valued one. Suppression: Conscious or semiconscious decision to postpone attention to a conscious impulse or conflict. Humour:ove expression of feelings without personal dis... | Psychiatry | Cognitive development and defence mechanism |
a7b3307e-f79e-42fa-a988-3954cc4054a7 | Saccular diverticulum of extrahepatic bile duct in choledochal cyst is classified as - | Type I | Type II | Type III | Type IV | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
0ecc4848-3b2b-4c59-b180-d2dc2de44997 | Embryologically hard palate develop from: | Maxillary process | Lateral palatine process | Frontonasal process | All of the above | 3d | multi | null | Anatomy | null |
421ef4a1-072a-414b-a0f0-f96f075d92fa | Bone marrow biopsy is useful in the diagnosis of - | CML | ALL | Aleukemic leukemia | Hodgkins disease | 2c | multi | null | Pathology | null |
c70f4b46-ee02-4efc-b67c-3eb4ad5efb4f | Laminin is present in:(1998) | Lens | Basement membrane | Liver | Lungs | 1b | single | Ans: b (Basement membrane)Ref: Robbin's, 7th ed, p. 105 & 6thed, p. 100 | Pathology | Cellular Pathology |
05d27a27-9981-451e-8645-d980ba728841 | Which radiological procedure is used for studying vesico-ureteric reflux? | Ascending pyelogram | Cystogram | Intravenous urogram | Micturition cystourethrogram | 3d | single | The diagnosis of vesico ureteric reflux is made using micturition cystourethrogram. Other techniques used in diagnosing vesico ureteric reflux are simple or delayed cystography or voiding cinefluoroscopy. In a case of vesico ureteral reflux, cystogram may show one of the following findings: Persistently dilated lower u... | Radiology | null |
671984e4-2167-48c5-809a-063b2c73480d | A 43-year-old man with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis is admitted with upper GI bleeding. He has marked ascites and shows multiple telangiectasias, liver palmar erythema, and clubbing. A diagnosis of bleeding esophageal varices secondary to portal hypertension is made. Portal pressure is considered elevated when... | 0.15 mm Hg | 1.5 mm Hg | 12 mm Hg | 40 mm Hg | 2c | multi | Portal hypertension is suspected clinically if esophageal varices are detected, hypersplenism occurs, or ascites develop. Normal portal venous pressure is 5-10 mm Hg. Pressure may be measured indirectly by using hepatic venous wedge pressure (occlusive hepatic wedge pressure). About two-thirds of patients with portal h... | Surgery | Pancreas |
264d2aa2-ef8d-4f30-91e6-2aef546e65f1 | In a patient with AIDS, chorioretinitis is typically caused by – | Cytomegalovirus | Toxoplasma gondii | Cryptococcus neoformans | Histoplasma capsulatum | 0a | multi | The most common cause of chorioretinitis in AIDS is CMV. | Ophthalmology | null |
88bba5b2-0d87-4618-ab72-870f46592860 | All are true about persistent caliber aery except? | Thermal coagulation | Angiographic embolization | Bleeds pin point mucosal erosion | Deep enteroscopy | 3d | multi | Persistent caliber aery is called Dieulafoy's lesion. It is a large calibre aeriole that runs beneath the gut mucosa and bleeds pinpoint mucosal erosion. For management of bleeding in Dieulafoy's lesion, endoscopic therapy like thermal coagulation or band ligation is effective. In case of failure to control bleeding wi... | Medicine | Bleeding from the GUT and diseases of esophagus |
8e0a828d-efd3-4615-872a-016a29144f58 | Dermal Nitrate test is done for the detection of- | Gunpowder residue | Seminal stains | Blood stains | Saliva | 0a | single | null | Forensic Medicine | null |
ba19919b-4138-43a1-b69e-68cc15c49d31 | Dark ground microscopy is used to see? | Refractile organisms | Flagella | Capsule | Fimbriae | 1b | single | Darkfield / Dark ground microscope in which reflected light is used instead of transmitted light used in the ordinary microscope. Flagella are less than 0.02 um in thickness and hence beyond the limit of resolution of the light microscopes. They may in some instances be seen under dark field / Dark ground illumination.... | Microbiology | general microbiology |
17cc022b-bc3e-4eef-b963-f997f65ee0f5 | Infant with hepatomegaly, hypoglycemia. hyperlipidemia and acidosis , diagnosis? | Von Gierke's | Cori's disaese | Pompe's disease | All of the above | 0a | multi | In type 1 Glycogen storage disorder the usual clinical features are : hepatomegaly failure to thrive hypoglycemia, becomes worse after overnight fasting, an inability of the liver to release glucose into the blood. ketosis acidosis hyperlipidemia, since free fatty acids are mobilised excessively to provide for energy n... | Pediatrics | Gastrointestinal tract |
d9f940d4-2cf7-437f-af11-a1a05e630032 | Hairy cell leukemia&; is a Neoplastic proliferation of : | T. cells | B. cells | Myeloid cells | Macrophages | 1b | single | Hairy cell leukemia review : Presentation is with a triad of : Splenomegaly :often massive. However hepatomegaly is less common while lymphadenopathy is rare. Pancytopenia and thereby, resulting infections. Vasculitis like syndrome :Erythema nodosum and cutaneous nodules due to perivasculitis and PAN. Course : Hairy ce... | Pathology | All India exam |
b9d01749-f245-4fde-9d5a-a9268c17012d | Bioavailability is: | Amount of drug that reach the systemic circulation | Drug metabolized in liver before the drug reaches the systemic circulation | Drug metabolized in liver after the drug reaches the systemic circulation | Maximum by rectal route | 0a | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
4ae6daba-8e00-4855-a42b-1927f1b8dbcb | Beaded margin of eyelid is seen in? | Erythema granuloma annulare | Leprosy | Granuloma annulare | Lipoid proteinosis | 3d | single | Lipoid proteinosis REF: org/121/ case pre sentations/lipoid2/robati.html, http: //en .wikipedia. org/wiki/Urba chdeg70E2%80%93Wiethe_diseas e "Urbach--Wiethe disease (also known as lipoid proteinosis and hyalinosis cutis et mucosae) is a rare autosomal-recessive disorderwith fewer than 300 repoed cases since its discov... | Ophthalmology | null |
4b66b2f3-321e-4bf1-8179-0fb8e5651d53 | A 40-year-old man presents with 5 days of productive cough and fever. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is isolated from a pulmonary abscess. The CBC shows an acute effect characterized by marked leukocytosis (50,000 WBC/mL), and the differential count reveals numerous immature cells (band forms). Which of the following terms bes... | Leukemoid reaction | Leukopenia | Myeloid metaplasia | Myeloproliferative disease | 0a | single | Leukemoid reaction. Circulating levels of leukocytes and their precursors may occasionally reach very high levels (>50,000WBC/mL). Such a situation, referred to as a leukemoid reaction, is sometimes difficult to differentiate from leukemia. In contrast to bacterial infections, viral infections (including infectious mon... | Pathology | Inflammation & Repair |
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