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135
3528ba00-c003-4c4c-aa95-c5b284b0c462
All are used for cervical ripening, except :
Ergometrine
Oxytocin
Stripping of membranes
Prostaglandins
0a
multi
Ergometrine
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
5b03b4d6-0b0b-4901-8d4f-8a61bfd236e5
Which of these is not a cause of rightward shift of Oxygen - Hemoglobin dissociation curve?
Increased hydrogen ions
Decreased CO2
Increased temperature
Increased BPG
1b
single
Bohr effect is closely related to the fact that deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxyhemoglobin) binds H+ more actively than does oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyhemoglobin). The pH of blood falls as its CO2 content increases, so that when the PCO2 rises, the curve shifts to the righ A rise in temperature or a fall in pH shifts the...
Physiology
Cardiovascular system
bd30fbb2-9c06-4e44-88d9-e80bc5ed1515
What is the ratio of placental weight to fetal weight at term ?
1:04
1:05
1:06
1:07
2c
single
Placenta weighs 500 gm, the propoion to the weight of the baby being roughly 1:6 at term and occupies about 30% of the uterine wall.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
e5368279-45f6-4599-a92d-86c2967bfc52
Drug of choice for anaphylactic shock ?
Adrenaline
Antihistaminic
Glucocoicoids
Epinephrine
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Adrenaline o First adrenaline should be given im to raise the blood pressure and to dilate the bronchi. o If the treatment is delayed and shock has developed, adrenaline should be given i.v. by slow injection.
Pharmacology
null
38fb73c8-d11e-43e2-b7ec-b10188712fbb
Turner's Syndrome is associated with :
45 chromosomes
Presence of barr bodies
Low FSH levels
All of the above
0a
multi
45 chromosomes Turners syndrome has karyotype 45X0. (Option "a" is correct) No. of Barr Bodies= Total No of X Chromosomes -- 1 No. of Barr Bodies in Turners = 1 -- 1 = 0 (Option "b- ruled out) In Turner's syndrome ovaries are replaced by Streak Gonads --> Decreased Estrogen levels -- Decrease in negative inhibition ove...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
49204ba5-9999-4f6c-83fc-c4648f20624c
Which drug is used in intracavernous injection for erectile dysfunction?
Epoprostrenol
Alprostadil
Sildenafil
Tadalafil
1b
single
AlprostadilQ contains naturally occurring prostaglandin E and, hence has vasodilator action. It can be injected into corpora cavernosa or administered intraurethrally. The firm erection is produced within 2 to 3 minutes and may last for 1 hour. Other injectable medications for erectile dysfunction include: Papaverine P...
Psychiatry
Sexual Disorders
be8ce694-d297-4ee8-8015-8207316cedc4
A nursing mother presented with fever and breast tenderness after two weeks postpaum. Which oral antibiotics is ideal for her condition?
Ampicillin
Dicloxacillin
Ceftazidime
Ciprofloxacin
1b
single
Dicloxacillin:- Anti - staphylococcal penicillin :- B lactamase resistant penicillin. Their use is restricted to the treatment of infection cause by penicillinase producing staphylococci including MSSA. Other drug of this class:- Methicillin Oxacillin Methicillin because of its toxicity (interstitial Nephritis), Methic...
Pharmacology
Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors
4b4f2b6f-4d6b-4d07-a2d5-302d0d3bc2a9
Drug of choice for prevention of NSAID induced peptic ulcer disease is
H2 receptor blockers
Proton pump inhibitors
Macrolide antibiotic
Sucralfate
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Proton pump inhibitors * PPI are the DOC for peptic ulcer (gastric or duodenal), GERD, ZE syndrome, prevention of aspiratory pneumonia and NSAID induced gastric / duodenal ulcers. Note - PGE1 analogue (Misoprostol) is specific drug for prevention and treatment of NSAID induced ulcer, but DOC is PPL
Pharmacology
G.I.T
1d6baafc-bd29-42f4-b38e-c44b63438283
Confirmatory test for HIV infection is a:
ELISA
Immunodot
RIPA
Western Blot
3d
single
null
Microbiology
null
8675e8ab-587f-4240-ae4d-b9bf3356ece3
The most common organism causing acute tonsillitis is:
Staph aureus
Anaerobes
Hemolytic streptococci
Pneumococcus
2c
single
Group A beta hemolytic streptococci is the M/C bacteria causing acute tonsillitis. other causes are: staph aureus pnuemococci H. Influenza Ref Dhingra 5/e,p 341,6/e,p 288.
Anatomy
Pharynx
e85d983f-3225-4f81-8e02-8cf58acf28cf
Dead-born fetus does not show: Kerala 11
Rigor mois at bih
Adipocere formation
Maceration
Mummification
1b
single
Ans. Adipocere formation
Forensic Medicine
null
24427d15-111d-4289-8aac-1424c302af21
A metastatic carcinoma in the brain of an adult, most often comes from primary in the
Stomach
Ovary
Oral cavity
Lung
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e. Lung
Surgery
null
6dbe8288-1993-4a39-8dcd-7d66d7735769
Commonly used long bone for identification -
Femur
Radius
Ulna
Humerus
0a
single
The best long bone for identification is femur. Ref: K.S.Narayan Reddy's synopsis of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 29 th edition Chapter 4 page,43,45.
Forensic Medicine
Identification
ed35ed89-0f19-4eda-b55c-dd85672f2796
Prokaryotes doesn't have
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Cell wall
1b
multi
Ans: b) MitochondriaKingdom protista is divided into Prokaryotes and EukaryotesProkaryotes Bacteria & blue green algaeEukaryotesFungi, slime moulds, other algae & protozoaAlmost all organelle and cell components are absent in prokaryotes which are found in EukaryotesMuramic acid and Diaminopimelic acid (cell wall precu...
Microbiology
General
6c1a86d2-ca3a-4b9d-a7df-287568606f70
Death of a patient due to an unintentional act by a doctor, staff or hospital is:
Therapeutic misadventure
Vicarious liability
Therapeutic privilege
Diminished liability
0a
single
Ans. (A). Therapeutic misadventure(Ref: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology by KS Narayan Reddy. 33rd edition 2010. Pg: 38)Civil negligenceSimple absence of skill & careCriminal negligenceGross absence of skill & careContributory NegligenceBoth doctor and patient are negligentCorporate NegligenceFailure ...
Forensic Medicine
Forensic Psychiatry
fe6f4fbf-a082-4c57-9138-ab2f78e4029e
Causes of Hemobilia are All Except-
Trauma to Abdomen
Malignancy
Rupture of hepatic artery aneurysm
Hepatitis
3d
multi
null
Surgery
null
472bbc99-348f-42b1-ae2f-95a670ef97e9
Ammonia for the urea cycle is supplied by the action of the following enzymes?
Aspaate aminotransferase
Glutamate dehydrogenase
Argininosuccinate synthase
Argininosuccinate lyase
1b
single
Glutamate dehydrogenase breaks down glutamate to form ammonia and ct-ketoglutarate. Aspaate aminotransferase transfers the amino group from glutamate to oxaloacetate to form aspaate. Ammonia and aspaate both feed into the urea cycle to supply the nitrogen used to synthesize urea. Argininosuceinate synthase, argininosuc...
Biochemistry
null
973b119c-24e8-4829-8837-0aff5144c3c9
A hirsuite lady with PCOD treatment is:
Ethinyl estradiol + Levonorgestrel
Ethinyl estradiol + Desogestrel
Levonorgestrel
None
1b
multi
Ans. is b, i.e. Ethinyl estradiol + DesogestrelRef: Novak 14th/ed, p 1083, 15th/ed, p 1086 KDT Pharma 6th/ed, p 307OCPs decrease adrenal and ovarian androgen production and reduce hair growth in nearly two thirds of hirsute patients. When an OCP is used to treat hirsutism, a balance must be maintained between the decre...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Disorders in Menstruation
684a677d-d60d-49be-9ed6-cc24ce47cd8d
Which of the following cells do not act as antigen presenting cells. ?
T-cells
B-cells
Macrophages
Osteoclasts
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., T-cellsNote - Osteoclast is a type of macrophage.
Pathology
null
212c7c85-58af-4056-bc34-c84ed7493af9
Phyllodes tumor most commonly presents in ?
2nd decade
3rd decade
4th decade
6th decade
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., 6th decade Phyllodes tumors, like fibroadenomas, arise from intralobular stroma of breast, but are much less common. Although they can occur at any age, most present in the sixth decade, 10 to 20 years later than the peak age for fibroadenomas.
Pathology
null
8bf3376c-495d-4d7e-8712-bdd9c9ad5be9
Caseous necrosis in granuloma not found in
Tuberculosis
Leprosy
CMV
Wegener's granulomatosis
0a
single
Caseous necrosis is found in the centre of foci of tuberculous infections.(Ref: Textbook of Pathology HARSH MOHAN 6th Edition page no.45)
Physiology
General physiology
9adecedb-b30d-49f3-8ee3-fbb3965e1df3
SA node is located in ?
Triangle of Koch's
In crista terminalis
In membranous pa of interventricular septum
Upper pa of interatrial septum
1b
single
In crista terminalis
Anatomy
null
d8407b2f-c4eb-44a8-8847-56c53d0c2217
Step in HMP pathway requiring TPP
G6PD
6 Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
Transketolase
Transaldolase
2c
multi
Transketolase requires thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP).
Biochemistry
null
a7ac5c9e-c372-4419-9cc8-18fcb83f3637
An elderly man presents with features of dementia, ataxia, difficulty in downward gaze and a history of frequent falls. Likely diagnosis is:
Parkinsons disease
Progressive supranuclear gaze palsy
Alzheimers disease
None of the above.
1b
multi
Answer is B (Supranuclear gaze palsy): Progressive supranuclear palsy should always be considered when a middle aged/elderly persons presents with a history of repeated falls, & difficulty in downward or horizontal gaze. Steel Richardson syndrome Nature of disorder Is a degenerative disorder where in there occurs loss ...
Medicine
null
f0c9c110-edd6-42ee-acd1-8d1857ba1d21
Growth of cranium continues upto:
2 years
10 years
15 years
Grows equally
2c
multi
null
Dental
null
735d7ee5-b92b-45a2-90b2-8f3f195dca42
The pathogenecity of Entamoeba histolytica is indicated by ?
Isoenzyme pattern
Size
Nuclear pattern
ELISA test
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Isoenzyme pattern Zymodene There are distinct invasive and noninvasive strains of E. histolytica. These strains vary according to their isoenzyme patterns (zymodemes). E. histolytica strains have 22 zymodemes of these 10 zymodemes are invasive and 12 are noninvasive. Zymodemes of E. histolytica are id...
Microbiology
null
3df57e33-4373-48ae-8b55-b71a64db101c
Function of Health worker female -
Perform 50% of deliveries
Trains dais
Enlist dais of the subcentre
Chlorination of water
1b
single
Functions maternal and child health Family planning Medical termination of pregnancy Nutrition Dai training Communicable diseases Vital events Record keeping Treatment of minor ailments Team activities (refer pgno:910 park 23rd edition)
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health care of community & international health
6393e62e-1d09-4dd1-a1c7-8c983942038d
Most common site of mandibular fracture is
Angle of mandible
Condylar process
Coronoid process
Ramus
1b
single
Mandibular fractures are typically the result of trauma. This can include a fall onto the chin or a hit from the side. Rarely they may be due to osteonecrosis or tumors in the bone. The most common area of fracture is at the condyle (36%), body (21%), angle (20%) and symphysis (14%).
ENT
null
89b113cc-6f09-4bdb-b07b-09731c115e58
Not gluconeogenic-
Acetyl CoA
Lactate
Glycerol
Alanine
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Acetyl CoA o Substrates for gluconeogenesis are lactate (lactic acid), pyruvate, glycerol, glucogenic amino acids (alt amino acids except leucine and lycine), propionate and intermediates of citric acid cycle..
Biochemistry
Gluconeogenesis
f64b4c99-7cf5-4694-8624-fa3b947b4cbd
The dominant histologic feature of infarction is:
Liquefactive necrosis
Coagulative necrosis
Chronic inflammation
Scar tissue
1b
single
Pathognomonic cytologic change in all infarcts is coagulative (ischaemic) necrosis of the affected area of tissue or organ.  In cerebral infarcts, however, there is characteristic liquefactive necrosis. Mohan H. Textbook of pathology. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; 2015. Edition 7. Page 112
Pathology
null
d6fb4d0d-95cf-4acc-b4e5-8221e6fe66ab
Triad of normal-pressure hydrocephalus includes :
Tremor, aphasia dementia
Ataxia, aphasia, gait disorder
Gait disorder, urinary incontinence, dementia
Gait disorder, urinary incontinence, lower cranial nerve palsy
2c
single
Answer is C (Gait disorder, Urinary incontinence & Dementia): Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) is a communicating hydrocephalus with a patent aqueduct of sylvius, caused by obstruction to normal flow of CSF over the cerebral convexities and delayed absorption into the venous system. Clinical triad Abnormal gait Q De...
Medicine
null
c54482b5-56ca-4221-b78d-0fbf8349c93b
In case of IVC obstruction the collaterals which open up are all except ?
Superior epigastric & inferior epigastric vein
Azygos & ascending lumbar vein
Superficial epigastric & iliolumbar vein
Lateral thoracic veins & preveebral vein
2c
multi
Superficial epigastric pain drains into great saphenous vein. Iliolumbar vein drains into internal iliac vein,so these two do not form collateral between SVC & IVC as both of them will be ultimately drained into IVC.All other choices form collaterals between SVC & IVC.
Anatomy
null
7bf620ec-e8ad-456d-a14b-7a1171f3df0a
A patient is having random plasma glucose levels of 110 mg/ dl and 113 mg/ dl on two separate occasions. What you will advise him: March 2012
Declare him as having Diabetes mellitus
Proceed for oral glucose tolerance test
Declare patient as normal
Check for Glycosylated hemoglobin and if it is raised, declare him as having DM
2c
single
Ans: C i.e. Declare patient as normal Diagnosis of DM Random plasma glucose levels of more than 200 mg/dl along with symptoms suggesting diabetes, confirms the diagnosis Random plasma glucose ranging between 140-198 mg/dl is an indication to perform oral glucose tolerance test The use of HbA1c for diagnosing diabetes i...
Medicine
null
deac3c8b-eae0-4f26-bbd1-460f3e6a2408
A 20yr old patient with swelling in waist joint Histopathology shows spindle cells and verrocay bodies Most likely diagnosis
schwannoma
Neurofibroma
Neuroma
Lipoma
0a
single
Histopathology of Schwannoma shows Antoni A pattern Antoni B pattern and verrocay bodies/ ref : robbins 10th ed
Pathology
All India exam
e1fe6bc6-e1bd-41ef-ad4d-eb9a10f98d15
A solution contains 2x10-3 mol/L of a weak acid (pK=3.5) and 2x10-3 mol/L of its conjugate base. Its pH is best approximated by which one of the following?
4.1
3.9
3.5
3.1
2c
single
Buffers consist of solutions of acid-base conjugate pairs, such as acetic acid and acetate.a. Near its pK, a buffer maintains the pH of a solution, resisting changes due to addition of acids or bases. For a weak acid, the pK is often designated as pKa .b. At the pKa , and are equal, and the buffer has its maximal capac...
Biochemistry
Enzymes
8a786244-9d85-4ea7-8ace-db8c6521ae21
In new drug designing. problern arises in
Decreasing interaction of drug with target proteins
Increasing drug interaction with non-target proteins
Decreasing potency of drugs
Decreasing potency of drugs
1b
single
Ans. b. Increasing drug interaction with non-target proteins
Pharmacology
null
852c88cd-67be-4694-9a7b-dcc5542d774b
Common salt can be used as a chemical antidote for washing the stomach in case of oral poisoning by
Mercuric sulphide
Silver nitrate
Copper sulphate
Lead bicarbonate
1b
single
.
Pathology
All India exam
3684ea48-d4c7-405d-afca-a85169e7090b
In asymmetrical IUGR which organ is not affected?
Subcutaneous fat
Muscle
Liver
Brain
3d
single
In asymmetric IUGR, brain growth (head circumference) - spared
Pediatrics
IUGR and Feeding of Preterm Neonate
45677f57-e333-4d81-a03c-77045069fdd4
Pain in hypogatric region may arise from
Uterus
Left colon
Urinary bladder
Gallbladder
0a
multi
Refer to diagram above Pain in Hypogastrium Urine infections Appendicitis Diveicular disease Inflammatory bowel Pelvic pain (Gynae)
Surgery
Urology
87fcad5f-db1e-4c3f-99e0-3e3b8495c8c3
Organism commonly associated with wearing of soft lens:
Acanthamoeba
Aspergillus
Staphylococcus aureus
Psedomonas aeruginosa
0a
single
refer : AK KHURANA COMPREHENSIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY 6TH EDITION pg 100 Mode of infection of Acanthamoeba Contact lens wearers using home-made saline (from contaminated tap water and saline tablets) is the commonest situation recognised for acanthamoeba infection in western countries. Other situations include mild trauma a...
Unknown
null
8d89c9bf-ce31-43aa-9cdc-455227362fc4
For early diagnosis of ca stomach which method is used -
Endoscopy
Staining with endoscopic biopsy
Physical examination
Ultrasound abdomen
1b
single
Endoscopy with multiple biopsies and brush cytology is the investigation of choice for gastric cancer.
Surgery
null
7af2b471-52c5-4d3f-b3ec-80d0567ef76a
A 4-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and respiratory distress. The nurses report that the child's bowel movements are greasy and have a pungent odor. A sweat-chloride test is positive. Which of the following mechanisms of disease is the most likely cause of steatorrhea in this child?
Abnormal dietary intake
Bacterial overgrowth
Hyperbilirubinemia with kernicterus
Lack of pancreatic enzyme secretion
3d
single
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting children, which is characterized by (1) chronic pulmonary disease, (2) deficient exocrine pancreatic function, and (3) other complications of inspissated mucus in a number of organs, including the small intestine, the liver, and the reproductive tract. T...
Pathology
Genetics
c7ae780a-6d59-47a1-ba0d-817c65e2d94f
Which of the following is not true about transmission -
Legionella may be transmitted through water aerosols
Listeria may be transmitted through refrigerated food
Leptospirosis may be transmitted through water contaminated with rat urine
Tetanus may be transmitted through dust and droplets
3d
multi
null
Microbiology
null
dcc732a1-0787-4e00-8089-282a21ae9b35
MRI is the investigation of choice in all of the following except:
Syringomyelia
Brain stem tumors
Skull bone tumors
Multiple sclerosis
2c
multi
Ans. (c) Skull bone tumors* MRI is best for soft tissue tumors* CT is best for Bone tumors* Imaging modality of choice to detect cerebral necrosis - PET scan.* IOC for Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis-Gadolinium enhanced MRI
Surgery
Nervous System
6ea492c3-e0b3-4994-8d11-59497918e9fe
A country has crude birth rate 25 per 1000 and crude death rate 10 per 1000. What is the growth rate of that country -
2.50%
5.00%
15%
1.50%
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., 1.5% * Growth rate = Crude birth rate - Crude death rate.* Thus, growth rate = 25-10=15 per 1000 or 1.5%
Social & Preventive Medicine
Demography and Family Planning
6a21e743-41d0-4668-907c-49db50e5c8a2
Xanthurenic acid in the urine is suggestive of deficiency of which vitamin?
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B12
Folic acid
Thiamine
0a
single
Xanthurenic acid is formed in the side reaction of kynurenine. Kynurenine which is a intermediate of tryptophan metabolism requires vitamin B6 dependent enzyme kynureinase for its normal metabolism. In pyridoxine(Vit B6) deficiency kynurenine is metabolized to xanthurenic acid which is excreted unchanged in urine. Ref:...
Biochemistry
null
784853ef-e94f-4f67-8dd9-3e05407d4242
Which of the following statements about lamivudine is FALSE :
Possess Anti-HIV and anti–HBV activity
Dose lower for blocking HIV replication than HBV replication
Should not be used as monotherapy in HBV/HIV infected patients
Anti–HBe seroconversion occurs in minority of patients
1b
multi
null
Pharmacology
null
e1b9f157-ac69-4eec-ad90-1e8b3b9e8827
A 56 year old diabetic man, Damu who regularly consumes nearly 120g alcohol per day, was referred by the PHC physician with history of fatigue, cough with putrid smelling sputum and fever. He has anemia, weight loss, pyorrhea and gingivitis. His chest X-Ray showed some findings which helped the doctor to diagnose his p...
Patients with fever persisting for 5 days should undergo bronchoscopy
Metronidazole is preferred over clindamycin if used alone
Duration of treatment is 7 days
Clindamycin is the initial treatment of choice in this setting
3d
multi
This is a tricky question, here we have a patient with alcoholism with frequent aspirations. On the top of that the patient is diabetic too. He is complaining of fever, weight loss, cough with expectoration with foul smelling sputum, so the first d/d is lung abscess due to anaerobes. Let us see the explanations from ha...
Medicine
null
7523a4f6-53d6-4edf-a86d-60b4640b907b
Destruction of fat in acute pancreatitis is due to
Lipase and trypsin
Secretion
Lipase and elastase
Cholecystokinin and trypsin
0a
single
Pathophysiology AP is the final result of abnormal pancreatic enzyme activation inside acinar cells Colocalization hypothesis: Cathepsin B-mediated intra acinar cell activation of the digestive enzymes leads to acinar cell injury and triggers an Inflammatory response Digestive enzymes are released which consists of try...
Anatomy
G.I.T
360bf2cb-6211-43ad-b90c-d93890a8d7a1
Warm-antibody immunohemolytic anemia is seen in all except -
SLE
α- Methyladopa ingestion
Quinidine
Infectious mononucleosis
3d
multi
null
Medicine
null
99b7e870-43ab-433f-8515-a8dd867d913d
Which one of the following is not true for an α-helix
It is one of the most important secondary structure
It has a net dipole moment
All hydrogen bonds are aligned in the same direction
Long stretches of left handed α-helices occur in proteins
3d
multi
Right-handed (clockwise) α-helix is more stable and therefore is the usual α-helix pattern found in the natural secondary structure. Left-handed α-helix is not common. α-helix is the most common secondary structure in proteins. α-helix has an overall dipole moment: amino terminus of an alpha helix is positive and carbo...
Biochemistry
null
5f553572-bc84-4089-ae40-90eac8bfff34
Decidualization of endometrium is due to
Estrogen
Progesterone
Inhibin
FSH
1b
single
Progesterone is responsible for decidualization of endometrium.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
c93919f0-b82f-408d-8880-aa5bd0da0156
A pateint with cervix cancer is mised by a screeing test and later diagnosed with advanced disease. This time interval is called
Lead time
Screening time
Serial interval
Generation time
0a
multi
.lead time is actually the advantage gained by screening.the priod between the diagnosis by early detection and diagnosis by other means.detection programmes should therfore concentrate on those conditions where the time lag between the disease&;s onset and its final critical point is sufficiently long to be suitable f...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
b109a28a-970e-4d26-92c5-f193e617035e
Exclusive milk ingestion can manifest as?
Scurvy
Beri-Ben
Phryenoderma
None
3d
multi
Ans. is 'None'
Pediatrics
null
b44e6259-5a44-466b-ae76-5bfc3f3f006c
Enzyme alpha naphtyl esterase is present in ?
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Lymphocyte
Monocyte
3d
single
Ans. is d i.e., Monocyte
Pathology
null
1bf553d2-263d-46e7-9374-8cb278003dfd
Drug not causing enzyme inhibition is
Phenobarbitone
Omeprazole
Disulfiram
Diltiazem
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Phenobarbitone Drugs that induce microsomal enzymes* Phenobarbitone* Carbamezepine* Phenytoin* Omeprazole* Rifampin* Clofibrate* Glucocorticoids* Meprobamate* Isoniazid* Ritonavir* Chloral hydrate* Glutethimide* Phenylbutazone* Chronic alcohol intake* Griseofulvin* Cigarette smoking* DDT* Cyclophospha...
Pharmacology
General Pharmacology
82431d98-0838-4ec6-9ab3-7c1211ba7a86
Consistent change in particular direction over a period of time
Sporadic
Endemic
Secular trend
Pandemic
2c
single
null
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
368caae4-4944-4d3f-94e6-1824501fc608
Characteristic feature of basal cell carcinoma is
Keratin pearls
Foam cells
Nuclear palisading
Psammoma bodies
2c
single
The characteristic finding is of ovoid cells in nests with a single 'palisading' layer. It is only the outer layer of cells that actively divide, explaining why tumour growth rates are slower than their cell cycle speed would suggest.Ref: Bailey and Love, 27e, page: 605
Surgery
General surgery
b2d3706d-b2e7-4444-9605-dfb0a538af05
All are true about premature rupture of membrane (PROM) except:
Amnioinfusion is done
Amoxiclav antiobiotic should be given
Aseptic cervical examination
Steroid is used
0a
multi
Answer is option 1 Because amnioinfusion with warm saline can be performed in the presence of variable decelerations due to cord compression in oligohydraminos. TEXTBOOK OF OBSTETRICS, SHEILA BALAKRISHNAN, 2nd EDITION,pg:526
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Abnormal labor
494e0226-2c50-43b3-bb58-7350559bbf5e
Paial claw hand is caused by lesion involving the:March 2010, March 2013 (a, b)
Radial nerve
Ulnar nerve
Median nerve
Anterior interosseous nerve
1b
single
Ans. B: Ulnar Nerve
Surgery
null
58fc7219-6d8c-4475-9103-6231c354e307
The inferior hypogastric plexus is located -
Anterior to the aorta
Behind the kidney
Between layers of anterior abdominal wall
On the side of rectum
3d
multi
Inferior Hypogastric plexus is located on the side of the rectum.
Anatomy
null
a058320e-0e7d-4681-80ca-e7032d5b1936
Complete mole is -
46XY
46XX
45XY
45 XX
1b
single
Ans-B i.e., 46XX "In general, complete moles have a 46XX karyotype (85%), the molar chromosomes are derived entirely from father. Infrequently, the chromosomal pattern may be 46, XY or 45, Y".
Unknown
null
b640c89e-d5ae-43cc-9b91-2f028e49f378
The major advantage of alternate day prednisone therapy for conditions such as asthma –
There is less adrenal suppression
More effective
More convenient
Less expensive
0a
single
Measures that minimize hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal axis suppression - Use shorter acting steroids               Use lowest possible dose                     Use for shortest period Give entire daily dose at a time   Switch to alternate - day therapy
Pediatrics
null
66f318a9-5767-4ccd-a697-95ba641d12b6
Following is not true concerning amyloidosis (NOT RELATED)
Amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma has the poorest prognosis
Fine - needle biopsy of subcutaneous abdominal fat is a simple & reliable method for diagnosing secondary systemic amyloidosis
Hepatic amyloid disease produces hepatomegaly but rarely jaundice
Amyloidosis of the spleen is associated with severe anemia
3d
multi
Amyloidosis of the spleen characteristically is not associated with leukopenia & anaemia. all other options are true
Pharmacology
All India exam
377befc8-9656-4708-8227-bf437d2871b5
In a female,basi-occiput fuses with basi-sphenoid at the age of
20 years
23 years
27 years
17 years
0a
single
Basal suture: the basiocciput fuses with basisphenoid by about 18- 22 years in females and 19- 24 years in males. Metopic suture: closes from 2-8 years. In some cases, the metopic suture will not close and may be associated with other congenital anomalies like hydrocephalus and meningocele with asymmetry of fingers whi...
Forensic Medicine
Identification
2b14a296-6b04-4744-9bac-7dff4f413721
Cervical cone biopsy in a case of carcinoma cervix causes all, except:
Bleeding
Cervical stenosis
Infection
Spread of malignancy
3d
multi
Ans. is d, i.e. Spread of malignancyRef: Shaw 15th/ed, p406; Jeffcoate 7th/ed, p421; Williams Gynae 1st/ed, p635Complications of Cone biopsy are:* HemorrhageQ* Sepsis (infection)Q* Cervical stenosisQ* Pregnancy complications which include:- Mid trimester abortionsQ- Preterm laborQ- Cervical dystociaQAlso Know* Cone bio...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Carcinoma Cervix
0f392a0d-69c2-4309-a3f9-21fc18ed7b3b
Swine flu is ca used by ?
H1N1
H5N1
H3N1
H3N3
0a
single
Swine infkuenza, a new H1N1 Virus causes swin flue<\p> REF:ANATHANARAYANAN MICROBIOLOGY NINTH EDITION PAGE.503
Microbiology
Virology
ea8acf0d-f59a-4095-97fb-85531a4a77b9
Best test to detect iron deficiency in community is:
Serum transferrin
Serum ferritin
Serum iron
Hemoglobin
1b
single
Evaluation of iron status in the body can be done by: Serum ferritin: 'Most sensitive tool for evaluation of iron status' , especially in populations with low prevalence of anemia. Hemoglobin concentration: A relatively insensitive index of nutrient depletion. Serum iron concentration: Normal range is 0.80 - 1.80 mg/L....
Social & Preventive Medicine
Vitamins and Nutritional Deficiencies
4d9c6a33-184a-4630-aad1-d375c247f84f
The preferred treatment of verrucous carcinoma of the larynx is -
Pulmonary surgery
Electron beam therapy
Total laryngectomy
Endoscopic removal
3d
single
null
ENT
null
b88807dd-e588-44bf-9195-f0d599cc734f
Which of the following fungi has not been cultured -
Sporothrix
Rhinosporidium
Acremonium
Blastomyces
1b
single
(B) (Rhinosporidium) (558- C.P. Baveja 4th)* Rhinosoridium seeberi fungus has not been cultured.* Diagnosis depends on the demonstration of sporangia.* Many fungi develop relatively slowly and cultures should be retained for at least 2-3 weeks (in some cases up to 6 weeks before discarded. Yeasts usually grown within 1...
Microbiology
Mycology
05b52ff8-93ac-4acf-8b55-ebaeb59a8536
Which of following techniques tests is not used for detection of specific aneuploidy -
FISH
RT-PCR
QF-PCR
Microarray
3d
single
FISH (Fluorescent in situ hybridisation) and PCR (polymerase chain reaction) like RT-PCR and QF PCR tests can detect specific aneuploidy. Whereas, microarray-based CGH (comparative genomic hybridization) test can be used as high-resolution whole-genome scan for the detection or screening of unknown (non-specific) abnor...
Biochemistry
null
321d48d6-af59-4220-82bd-c988042b81b3
Which of the following occurs along with glucose transport into a cell
Sodium symport
Sodium anteport
Potassium transport
Amino acid transport
0a
single
Na+- Glucose co-transport. Glucose is reabsorbed 100% in Proximal Tubule
Physiology
null
e7a8cccd-cff5-421c-91ad-7bd424df4d85
Which of the following is not a 'heterophile reaction':
Weil Felix test
Paul Bunnell test
Frei's test
Cold agglutinin test
2c
single
Frei's test is not a heterophile reaction Frie's test is used in the diagnosis of LGV. Antigen made from sterile pus aspirated from previously unruptured LGV abscesses, produces a reaction in patients with lymphogranuloma inguinale when injected intradermally. Heterophile reactiion Similar antigens on dissimilar organi...
Microbiology
Immunology Pa 1 (Immune Response, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Hypersensitivity, Structure of Immune System, Immunodeficiency Disorders)
e84edf90-7402-47ba-9525-76f3573639e5
Which is the commonest ocular manifestation of Tuberculosis?
Phlyctenular conjunctivitis
Choroiditis
Eales' disease
Acute Retinal necrosis
1b
single
Phlyctenular conjunctivitis used to be most common manifestation of tuberculosis, but now it is causes by staphylococcus Eales' disease (periphlebitis retinae ) occur in tuberculosis but it is not very common. Acute retinal necrosis occurs in Herpes simplex and varicella infection not in tuberculosis. Choroiditis is by...
Ophthalmology
Investigation in ophthalmology and miscellaneous topics
de8ed9ea-d1b1-4c5c-a6a2-69d03436e3f8
Carbon di oxide is transpoed in plasma as:September 2005
Dissolved form
Carbamino compounds
Bicarbonate
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans. D: All of the aboveCO2 is carried in blood in three different waysMost of it (about 70% - 80%) is conveed to bicarbonate ions by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the red blood cells5% - 10% is dissolved in the plasma5% - 10% is bound to hemoglobin as carbamino compounds
Physiology
null
3757de79-a032-4052-99be-fafca8d61b7b
All are true statements regarding use of sodium fluoride in the treatment of otosclerosis except:
It inhibits osteoblastic activity
Used in active phase of otosclerosis when Schwaz sign is positive
Has proteolytic activity (bone enzymes)
Contraindicated in chronic nephritis
0a
multi
Ans. is a i.e. It inhibits osteoblastic activity The most useful medication which prevents rapid progression of cochlear otoscierosis is sodium fluoride Mechanism of Action It reduces osteoclastic bone resorption and increases osteoblastic bone formation, which promote recalcification and reduce bone remodelling in act...
ENT
null
62ec6e0d-23ee-4f89-8e3b-f5571274170a
Newborns have transplacentally acquired immunity against all of the following diseases except –
Measles
Pertusis
Diphteria
Poliomyelitis
1b
multi
null
Pediatrics
null
1301d522-0541-4d81-9630-777b8afc60ab
In Kluver-Bucy animals, lesion is in:
Prefrontal coex
Corpus callosum
Pituitary gland
Amygdala
3d
multi
Kluver-Bucy syndrome refers to the changes in behavior due to bilateral destruction of anterior poions of temporal lobes & amygdala on both sides. It is characterised by: The animal is not afraid of anything, It has extreme curiosity about everything, It has a tendency to place everything in its mouth, The animal has a...
Physiology
Higher Functions
928581b2-c03b-4194-9393-432ec49ec156
Cryoglobulins are present in blood in which of the following clinical scenarios
Macroglobulinaemia
SLE
Myeloma
All the above
3d
multi
Cryoglobulins if present in blood, form precipitates in patients serum when it is cooled down. They are a type of abnormal immunoglobulin disorder Ref: Textbook of Microbiology Baveja 5th ed Pg 102
Microbiology
Immunology
75e7b5b2-2e11-468a-a9fe-b78842b827da
Serum sickness occurs after -
Injection with foreign serum
Injection with own serum
Injection with normal saline
All of the above
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Injection with foreign serum o Serum sickness is a type III hypersensitivity (immune complex mediated) reaction that results from the injection of heterologous or foreign protein or serum.o Certain medications (eg, penicillin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ) have also been associated with serum...
Pathology
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Mediated Injury
eaadf033-1330-486c-967b-62dbd3340baa
Chancroid is caused by:
Treponema pallidum
Leishmania donovani
Haemophilus ducreyi
Donovania granulomatis
2c
multi
Ans. c (Haemophilus ducreyi). (Ref. Textbook of microbiology by Ananthanarayan 6th/ 311.)VulvovaginitisAdherent yellowish discharge, pH >5, fishy amine odor in KOH, clue cells, gram - cell dominateBacterial vaginosisOvergrowth of Gardnerella vaginalis, anaerobesClue cells, gram - rodsMetronidazoleVulvovaginitis, prurit...
Skin
S.T.D.
30905204-3fd4-4029-881d-993b59d683e0
Which of the following is not a poor prognostic factor in neuroblastoma?
MYCN amplification
High mitosis-karyorrhexis index
Evidence of gangliocytic differentiation
Mutations of neuritogenesis genes
2c
single
Unourable prognostic factors in neuroblastoma: Stage 3, 4 Age >18 months Absence of evidence of schwannian stroma and gangliocytic differentiation High Mitosis-karyorrhexis index (>200/5000 cells) Near-diploid (segmental chromosome losses; chromothripsis) MYCN Amplified Chromosome 1p loss Chromosome 11q loss Absent TRK...
Pathology
Organ Transplant / Graft
b67e3d51-3744-4681-a750-54108a2dce0f
'Hot Potato' voice is characteristically seen in
Pterygomandibular space infection
Retropharyngeal space infection
Pre tracheal space infection
Lateral pharyngeal space infection
3d
multi
null
Surgery
null
9c65d7b8-d786-44a6-b6bc-8958d05b1493
In CPR, chest compressions are done:
On the upper part of sternum
On the xlphisterum
On the middle of the lower part of the sternum
On the left side of the chest
2c
single
null
Surgery
null
920df490-0584-43c3-9dc6-f8be00403907
Not a cause of acute anal pain is:
Perianal abscess
Thrombosed hemorrhoids
Acute anal fissure
Fistual in ano
3d
single
null
Surgery
null
e57c3db9-4a4d-440b-a4c8-5a1200c87634
Overall most common trisomy is
Trisomy 21
Trisomy 18
Trisomy 16
Trisomy 13
2c
multi
Most common Trisomy overall is Trisomy 16. Most common Trisomy in live birth is Trisomy 21.
Pediatrics
null
847449e5-8f57-4df5-b87a-0bcc11cea7e6
In camera trial of a rape case hearing is done under ?
376 IPC
327 CrPC
53 CrPC
375 IPC
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e. 327 CrPC S. 327 CrPC (2) -The inquiry into and trial of rape or an offence under sec.376 IPC shall be conducted in camera and it is not lawful for any person to print or publish any matter in relation to such proceedings except with the permission of cou.
Forensic Medicine
null
94274124-dca1-407f-b2cc-678532c23bfd
A mill-wheel type of murmur during laparoscopy suggests
Tension pneumothorax
intra-abdominal bleeding
Gas embolism
pre-existing valvular disease
2c
single
The 'water-wheel' or 'mill-wheel' murmur is classically associated with large intracardiac air emboli and described as a "characteristic splashing auscultatory sound due to the presence of gas in the cardiac chambers." . Most venous air (gas) emboli are iatrogenic . Ref Davidson edition23rd pg 620
Medicine
Respiratory system
63987759-9b52-4e78-8bba-8ced5549c431
Salmonella typhi is the causative agent of typhoid fever. The infective dose of S. typhi is -
One bacillus
1 08-1 01deg bacilli
102-105 bacilli
1-10 bacilli
2c
single
Typhoid and paratyphoid (enteric) fevers Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers, which are transmitted by the faecal-oral route, are impoant causes of fever in the Indian subcontinent, sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. Elsewhere, they are relatively rare. Enteric fevers are caused by infection with Salmonella Typhi and Sal...
Medicine
Infection
f37f8cc7-370c-4db2-b118-44029314793f
Ocular hallmark of giant cell aeritis is
Papilloedema
CRAO
AION
CRVO
2c
multi
Answer- C. AIONThe most common ocular manifestation of giant cell aeritis is visual loss, most commonly secondary to anterior ischemicoptic neuropathy (AION) due to occlusion of sho posterior ciliary aerities.Ophthalmic aery involvement can lead to sudden blindness which is the most feared complication of temporal aeri...
Medicine
null
1b3d3c1d-1e5a-4579-8e29-f9191a9937df
The following are true of vibro cholerae except
Produces indole and reduces nitrates
Synthesises neuraminidase
Dies rapidly at low temperature
All
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Dies rapidly at low temperature . Duration of protection of cholera vaccine is 3-6 months. . Vibrio cholerae does not die at lower temperature, infact it grows at lower temperature (range 16-40degC)
Microbiology
null
2a0beded-7f49-4b60-9150-5cde0f297495
In CEAP clinical classification what does C-4b indicate
Edema
Pigmentation or eczema
Healed venous ulcer
Lipodermatosclerosis or atrophie blanche
3d
single
The CEAP (Clinical - Etiology - Anatomy - Pathophysiology)classifi cation for chronic venous disorders is widely utilised.Clinical classification* C0: no signs of venous disease* C1: telangectasia or reticular veins* C2: varicose veins* C3: oedema* C4a: pigmentation or eczema* C4b: lipodermatosclerosis or atrophie blan...
Surgery
All India exam
e7b4a60d-44fc-4ca5-a6a0-fd6d1001deda
Which of the following features defines toddler fracture
Subluxation of the radial head
Salter Harris type 3 fracture of the distal fibular epiphysis
Fracture of the distal radius
Spiral fracture of the tibia
3d
single
Toddler fractures occur in young ambulatory children (from 9 months to 3 years). A toddler&;s fracture is a spiral or oblique undisplaced fracture of the distal shaft of the tibia with an intact fibula. The periosteum remains intact and the bone is stable. These fractures occur as a result of a twisting injury. Referen...
Pediatrics
Musculoskeletal disorders
dcbbc4a0-9bf0-49dd-b15e-7e1724ecf1c5
A 15-year-old boy with epilepsy on treatment with a combination of valproate and phenytoin has good control of seizures. Levels of both drugs are in the therapeutic range. All of the following adverse effects can be attributed to valproate except -
Weight gain of 5 kg
Serum alanine aminotransaminase 150 IU/L
Rise in serum ammonia level by 20 g/dl
Lymphadenopathy
3d
multi
null
Medicine
null
42e2d1f8-63c5-4e1f-ac37-256aaa3a7b66
The world health organisation day is -
7th April
21st May
2nd August
31st December
0a
single
In 1946 the constitution was drafted by "Technical Preparatory Committee " under the chairmanship of Rene Sand and was approved in the same year by an International Health Conference of 51 nations in New york. The constitution came in to force on 7 th April 1948 which is celebrated every year as "World Health Day "(ref...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health care of community & international health
c9fca7cf-cb3a-41be-a22d-eb77b0831a40
Chorda tympani leaves skull through?
Stylomastoid foramen
Petrotympanic fissure
Internal acoustic meatus
Foramen ovale
1b
single
The chorda tympani arises in the veical pa of the facial canal about 6 mm above the stylomastoid foramen. It runs upwards and forwards in a bony canal. It enters the middle ear and runs forwards in close relation to the tympanic membrane. It leaves the middle ear by passing through the petrotympanic fissure. It then pa...
Anatomy
Head and neck
ee15aced-c557-40e7-b04e-9d881ee31b75
Klinefelter syndrome karyotype is-
47XXX
45X0
47XXY
46XX\/145X0
2c
single
harshmohan textbook of pathology 7th edition. *klinefelter'syndrome is an example of sex chromosome trisomy 47,XXX karyotype
Pathology
General pathology
603fb440-902b-4690-be58-83975bd9b93d
Fluoxetine is a -
Noradrenaline uptake inhibitor
Serotonin uptake enhancer
Serotonin uptake inhibitor
MAO
2c
single
null
Psychiatry
null
940b4a93-e9e1-4fdb-aa49-a30a0d3700cb
The viruses causing diarrheal diseasesin infants are -
Rotavirus
Norwalk virus
Adenovirus
Hepatadenovirus
0a
single
rota virus cause diarrheal disease in childrens REF:<\p> MICROBIOLOGY ANANTHA NARAYANAN NINTH EDITION PAGE.561
Microbiology
Virology
414a6e95-a3f4-4c33-a28d-0f3cb96af8a2
Ketamine is a
Short general anesthetic agent
Local anesthetic agent
Antidepressive agent
Hypnotic agent
0a
single
null
Pharmacology
null