text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
not exceeding one in size: given the rounding. The cross product calculator is had been used to calculate the 3D vectors by using two arbitrary vectors in cross product form, you don’t have to use the manual procedure to solve the calculations you just have to just put the input into the cross product calculator to get... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8412498235702515,
"tag... |
thermodynamics, reversibility, gas
Note: I'm learning highschool thermodynamics so I might not understand everything immediately.
Edit;
One more question:
According to my textbook, change in entropy is zero for reversible isothermal compression and non zero for irreversible isothermal compression. Why is that so?
Th... | {
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} |
rosbag
Originally posted by KoenBuys with karma: 2314 on 2011-03-15
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 0
Original comments
Comment by Tim Field on 2011-03-25:
Please open a ticket and we can discuss the feature there. Thanks.
Comment by KoenBuys on 2011-03-16:
This would indeed be my next ques... | {
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"tags": "rosbag",
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} |
javascript, angular.js
var addProduct = function(obj) {
productList.push(obj);
};
// TODO create a callback func
var getProducts = function(){
return productList;
};
return {
addProduct: addProduct,
getProducts: getProducts
};
});
app.factory('getProductsJson'... | {
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"tags": "javascript, angular.js",
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} |
matlab, fft
This is usually done by a sliding a window of a given width (here 256). Depending on the step-size this results in overlapping (if smaller than 256) or non-overlapping (if equal or larger than 256) data segments.
How each segment was multiplied with the Hamming window?
Usually, by an element-wise multipl... | {
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"tags": "matlab, fft",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism, electric-circuits, electromagnetic-induction, inductance
From Faraday's law I know that the induced emf is found by considering the total flux, and that this is equal to the self induced emf for the case where the inductor is connected to an external power source. For the emf induced by mutual induct... | {
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"ur... |
ros, timesynchronizer, message-filters, approximatetime
Results: Unfortunately, the results are not better: 95 pairs for 204 poses.
Another run gave me 84 pairs for 194 total poses.
Test2: Tuning
I tried with AMCL tf_tolerance at 0 and at 0.1 (this is the default value), no difference.
I also tried to set the inter-me... | {
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} |
In your problem an ordered pair $$\langle m,n\rangle$$ has the property $$P$$ if and only if $$m+n$$ is a multiple of $$3$$. This is clearly the case for the one base element $$\langle 0,0\rangle$$: $$0+0=0=3\cdot 0$$ is a multiple of $$3$$. That’s the base case of your structural induction. For the induction step assu... | {
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"tags... |
javascript, jquery, promise, google-maps
}
Attaching then which just returns the resolved data data is unnecessary. $.getJSON already returns a promise-like object that resolves to data. Any then attached to it will get data in the same way this then receives it.
Additionally, suggesting you use then instead of the j... | {
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"tags": "javascript, jquery, promise, google-maps",
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} |
newtonian-mechanics, reference-frames
Title: Problem in understanding inertial and non-inertial frame of reference Consider a person standing still on the ground and a car, which is moving with a constant speed $v$ in a straight line. From the frame of reference of the car the person is moving backwards with same spee... | {
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option B : if f3 is tautology then also all given statements hold.
option C : if f1 is contingency then also all given statements hold.
option D : from above 1st point we know at least one row of f1 is True and from above 2nd point we know when f1 is True, f3 must be True. Thus, we have value for at least one row (f1... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8740772450055545,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7985720038414001,
"tags"... |
python, beginner, game-of-life
for item in cells.keys():
checking = [ x for x in list_to_check(item[0],item[1]) if x not in to_check and x not in cells ]
to_check += checking
In other words, make a list of the neighbors of each cell, but make sure that each coordinate is listed just once. Then, once you have... | {
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} |
python, python-3.x, game, dice
if choice is not None:
counts = collections.Counter(choice)
for _ in counts.items():
if valuedict[_[0]][_[1]] == 0 and is_full_house(choice) == 0 \
and is_straight(choice) == 0:
print(f'\n{_[0]} is not a ... | {
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As to the question of the maximum number oof chips placeable in this manner, I would not be surprised to learn that problem is NP hard.
I can always reach $3n-3$. Write our disposition of chips as follows : the $n$ columns are written as $S_1,\cdots,S_n$ where $S_i \subseteq \{1,\cdots,n\}$ and the condition that we h... | {
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"tag... |
quantum-teleportation
$\rho' = \sum_i p_i \rho_i = \sum_i P_i \rho P_i$
in our example:
$\rho' = (\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} \frac 1 2 & \frac 1 2 \\ \frac 1 2 & \frac 1 2 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix}) + (\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix} \begi... | {
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} |
$$8\left(x^4+y^4\right) = \left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(2^2+2^2\right)$$ On the RHS we now have have the vectors $\vec{v}=(x^2,y^2)$ and $\vec{w}=(2,2)$.
Now we apply the CS inequality the first time: $$\left(2x^2+2y^2\right)^2 \leq \left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(2^2+2^2\right)$$ We do the same procedure again with the LHS ter... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835309589074,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9588800072669983,
"ta... |
quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises, commutator, virial-theorem
\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x^2}\left(x \frac{\partial f}{\partial x}\right) &=& \frac{\partial }{\partial x}\left[\frac{\partial }{\partial x} \left(x \frac{\partial f}{\partial x}\right)\right] =
\frac{\partial }{\partial x}\left[x\frac{\partial^2... | {
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"url": n... |
ros-kinetic, camera, raspberrypi, rasbperrypi, video
this makes no sense to me: frame_id is supposed to contain a ref to a TF frame. image_raw is typically a topic name.
Additionally: why recreate the msg each time instead of just updating the contents (ie: data, stamp)?
Comment by Wezzoid on 2018-06-02:
Thanks gvdhoo... | {
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fft, power-spectral-density, qpsk
So, although the signal distortion/noise does not affect me at high frequencies (and its roll-off doesn't matter anymore) but my low frequency noise gets degraded.
So, how can we ensure that most of the signal power is outside the PLL bandwidth? Ultimately we are trading how much sign... | {
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// conversion point to vector (let p be some point and v some vector)
v = p.subZero();
//or vice versa
Colors
Colors, too, are similar to vectors. They are available with three or four components, where the fourth one represents the alpha channel, whereas the first three are RGB color channels. The color classes su... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.3680899441242218,
"tags": nul... |
c++, linked-list, generics, pointers
// Return the size of the list
template<typename T>
std::size_t LinkedList<T>::size() const
{
return size_var;
}
int main()
{
LinkedList<int> ll{};
for(int i = 8; i >= 0; i--)
{
ll.push(i);
}
ll.print();
std::cout << "Size: " << ll.size() << "\n... | {
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homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, classical-mechanics, work, spring
Let me try and explain the error in the second derivation by looking at a much simpler example in which we have a “magic” spring which exerts a constant force $F$ when its length varies between $x_{\rm A}$ and $x_{\rm B}$ with $x_{\rm B} > ... | {
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... |
homework-and-exercises, electromagnetism
Similarly $$F_{\text{BC}}=\frac{\mu_0I^2}{2\sqrt{3}\pi}\ln\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{3}a}{2s}\right)\langle -\sqrt{3}/2,-1/2,0\rangle.$$ On adding these force up I do not get the correct answer. Where am I going wrong? I had made a small mistake, it should be $$\frac{\mu_0I}{2\pi(s+y)... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, electromagnetism",
"url": null
} |
ros-melodic, message-filters, pointcloud
const boost::shared_ptr<const message_filters::NullType>&, const boost::shared_ptr<const message_filters::NullType>&, const boost::shared_ptr<const message_filters::NullType>&>; A1 = boost::arg<1>; A2 = boost::arg<2>; A3 = boost::arg<3>; A4 = boost::arg<4>; A5 = boost::arg<5>; ... | {
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Surface area of a box. The surface area of any given object is the area or region occupied by the surface of the object. Circumference = 2 • π • radius = π • diameter Circle Area = π • r² = ¼ • π • d² Sphere Formulas Area of a circle: A = π r 2 = π d 2 /4 Circumference of a circle: C = 2 π r = π d. Circle Calculations:... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9377850890159607,
"... |
quantum-mechanics, particle-physics, quantum-spin, quantum-measurements
Lets see your questions:
And I couldn't understand how does that concludes the spin of electrons
as quoted above, the conclusion about the spin of the electron needed the evidence of the fine structure of the atomic spectra. It is sloppy to tal... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, particle-physics, quantum-spin, quantum-measurements",
"url":... |
python, python-3.x, game
"sdlavroT suniL - edoc eht em wohS .paehc si klaT",
"sdlavroT suniL - .elpoep druH eht ekil pu dne t'now uoy ebyam dna ,SGURD OT ON yas tsuj :trohs nI",
"namllatS drahciR - .dlrow eht tpecca t'nod I !tihslluB .dlrow eht tpecca dluohs I dias elpoeP",
")POO fo rotnevnI( yaK nalA - .S... | {
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"tags": "python, python-3.x, game",
"url": null
} |
python, performance, python-2.x, numpy
This code only does the calculation if necessary and has the same number of possible comparisions (in the worst case).
Use str.format instead of string concatenation. While whether string formatting performs better than string concatenation is up in the air, its more conventional... | {
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"tags": "python, performance, python-2.x, numpy",
"url": null
} |
simulation
What is the maximum value of $n$ (the number of qubits) for which an arbitrary quantum circuit is simulable in a reasonable time ($<1\text{h}$) with a normal computer and freely accessible simulators? This answer doesn't directly answer the question (I have little experience of real simulators with practica... | {
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"tags": "simulation",
"url": null
} |
string-theory, path-integral, complex-numbers, wick-rotation, analyticity
isn't bounded from either side, either. This is considered "not to be a problem" because the integrand is $\exp(iS)$ which still has the absolute value equal to one, so it doesn't diverge. But I would personally say that the unboundedness of the... | {
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"tags": "string-theory, path-integral, complex-numbers, wick-rotation, analyticity",
"url... |
quantum-mechanics, probability
I myself am currently a student of quantum mechanics, but as far as I can see, one can consider the probability density to be the continuous limit of the squares of the moduli of the probability amplitudes in a close packing of discrete states (i.e. $|\psi\rangle = \lim_{(x_{i+i}-x_i)\to... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, probability",
"url": null
} |
php, recursion, tree
You don't actually need to iterate over the result set over and over again to find the rows you want. Index it once, and you are good to go:
index = []
foreach(rows as row) {
index[row->id] = row
} | {
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functional-programming, category-theory
Which seems over-complicated, but unlike my attempt to express the category-theoretic constraints, this equation universally quantifies over the functions
f :: a -> m b
g :: b -> m c`
How close am I to coming to the correct conclusion? Hints would be appreciated. First off, ... | {
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} |
acid-base, reaction-mechanism
I got a result (about $\pu{1671.524g}$ 30% hydrochloric acid), which I verified this way:
Let $p$ be the number of dissolved $\ce{CaCO3}$ moles, which is about $\mathrm{605.5/100.0869 = 6.05}$
$\ce{HCl = 1671.524g * 0.3}$
$\ce{H_2O = 1671.524g * 0.7}$
$\ce{HCl_{end} = HCl - 2 * (p * M(HCl... | {
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"tags": "acid-base, reaction-mechanism",
"url": null
} |
python, scikit-learn, linear-regression, statsmodels
Title: Why Scikit and statsmodel provide different Coefficient of determination? First of all, I know there is a similar question, however, I didn't find it so much helpful.
My issue is concerning simple Linear regression and the outcome of R-Squared. I founded that... | {
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"tags": "python, scikit-learn, linear-regression, statsmodels",
"url": null
} |
mathematical-physics, operators, group-theory, group-representations, lie-algebra
The exponential map is surjective in $SU(2)$, indeed in $SU(N)$. This is easy to see because all unitary matrices are normal, thus $\gamma\in SU(N)$ unitarily diagonalizable as $\gamma=T\,\exp(i\,\mathrm{diag}(\phi_1,\,\phi_2,\,\cdots))\... | {
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quantum-mechanics, fourier-transform, quantum-optics, cavity-qed
I would appreciate if anyone could clear this up. I suppose my specific questions would be: | {
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Now, when I apply the BCs I get $$A=0$$ and if $$B\neq 0$$ then $$\lambda =\frac{\alpha}{L^2}(\pi /2 +\pi n)$$, where $$n$$ is a non-negative integer.
Is that correct? Do I just multiply $$X$$ and $$T$$ and sum up all these solutions for different $$n$$ using linearity and that is my (general) solution? It looks odd t... | {
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"tags":... |
parsing, bash, subroutine
One-liner if
Some one-liner if statements could be written slightly simpler, for example this one:
if (( $varlength < 3 )); then fatal "Fatality. Scipt needs debugging."; fi
Could be written more compactly like this:
(( varlength < 3 )) && fatal "Fatality. Scipt needs debugging."
Math in B... | {
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"tags": "parsing, bash, subroutine",
"url": null
} |
c++, validation, c++14
std::string temp{};
std::getline(std::cin, temp);
if(!std::cin)
{
if(std::cin.eof() || std::cin.bad())
{
throw StreamFailure{};
}
else
{
std::cin.clear();
std::cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>:... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, validation, c++14",
"url": null
} |
thermodynamics, temperature
$$
Simplifying to:
$$
(\alpha_x+\alpha_y+\alpha_z) \Delta T=\frac{\Delta L_x*L_y L_z+\Delta L_y*L_x L_z+\Delta L_z*L_y L_x}{L_x L_y L_z}
$$
Implying that the numerator is the change in volume of our object. Upon further thinking, I realized that if we had a cube that started off with a one ... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics, temperature",
"url": null
} |
Now we can bound for $|x-1|<1/64$,
$$|R_3(x)| \leq \begin{cases} \frac{6}{4!64^4} \quad &if \quad x>1\\ \frac{6}{4!(1-1/64)^464^4} \quad &if \quad x<1 \end{cases}$$
Here is a plot done by wolframalpha.com. You can visaully see that we need two different bounds for $x<1$ and $x>1$. If you need a single bound, $x<1$ ca... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9416393041610718,
"tag... |
functional-programming, f#, caesar-cipher
Title: F# simple monoalphabetic cipher code implementation I am a new F# programmer, and a student in a security class. As part of my notes, I wrote a small implementation of a monoalphabetic cipher as follows:
open System
let random = Random()
let defaultCharMap() =
['a'... | {
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"tags": "functional-programming, f#, caesar-cipher",
"url": null
} |
special-relativity, time-dilation
Chrono, at a regular interval from his perspective, sends a signal to both Alice and Bob. When they get Chrono's signal, they each snap a selfie and send it to Chrono, who then immediately relays it to the other twin. A couple initial questions: | {
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"tags": "special-relativity, time-dilation",
"url": null
} |
c++, c++11
#include <tuple>
#include <utility>
template <typename T, typename U>
struct MyClass {
T first;
U second;
// semiregular
MyClass(const MyClass& other)
: first(other.first),
second(other.second)
{}
MyClass(MyClass&& other)
: first(std::move(other.fir... | {
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"tags": "c++, c++11",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, conformal-field-theory, renormalization, regularization
Title: A certain regularization and renormalization scheme In a certain lecture of Witten's about some QFT in $1+1$ dimensions, I came across these two statements of regularization and renormalization, which I could not prove,
(1) $\int ^\L... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, conformal-field-theory, renormalization, regularization",
"... |
homework-and-exercises, kinematics, acceleration, reference-frames, relative-motion
The acceleration of the projectile is determined by the thrust its rocket motor can produce. If the acceleration of the projectile is $2g$ then the thrust of its motor would be $2mg$.
But launching the projectile from your space vehicl... | {
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(Note that the $j=0$ term is 1, which is consistent with the ${0}^{0}=1$ convention mentioned earlier.) So $\sum _{i=0}^{n}\left(-1\right){}^{i}\left(\genfrac{}{}{0}{}{n}{i}\right){i}^{m}=0$ for $0\le m\le n-1$. Now consider the case $m=n$:
$\sum _{i=1}^{n}\left(-1\right){}^{i}\left(\genfrac{}{}{0}{}{n}{i}\right){i}^{... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9988901019096375,
"tags": null,
... |
c, tree
Title: Implementing N-ary trees in C Looking at my code, I feel like it is not instantly clear for someone who did not write it. I feel like readability will be important for me in the future, if I'm ever to write code on an enterprise, or open source project. Do you have any advice as to how I can make this a... | {
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"tags": "c, tree",
"url": null
} |
algorithm, c, matrix, graph
int minSCC(int N, const int *result, int *result2,int *componentG, int *num)
{
int first[MAX],i,current[MAX], component, now, next,j;
for (i=0; i<N; i++)
{
first[i]=-1, current[i]=-1;
}
for (i=0; i<N; i++)
{
component = result[i];
if (first[ component ] == -1)
{
... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithm, c, matrix, graph",
"url": null
} |
inorganic-chemistry, redox, aqueous-solution, transition-metals
the most likely process (not always the case),
the end result (there are exceptions),
the formulae are not true to the actual structure (cannot be sure). | {
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"tags": "inorganic-chemistry, redox, aqueous-solution, transition-metals",
"url": null
} |
Chapter 2. 15, 0. This quantity is called your objective. For example: Find x, y such that the Linear Programming Problems (LPP) provide the method of finding such an Step 2: Identify the set of constraints on the decision variables and express them in the form Now let us look at an example aimed at enabling you to lea... | {
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"id": null,
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9861513873424045,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8705972684083609,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 606.6295555419894,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5247300267219543,
"... |
electromagnetism, special-relativity
In your case you are looking at the function $F(x,t) \equiv \delta\left(x-x_p(t)\right)$, where $x_p(t)$ is itself a function that gives the x-coord of the particle at time $t$ in the unprimed frame. You want to write this as a function of $x'$ and $t'$ (the Lorentz transformation ... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, special-relativity",
"url": null
} |
python, beginner
Which has much less duplication. It's not very pretty still, but it should be much easier to change if need be.
It can be improved a bit by wrapping that duplicate code in a function, then calling the functions multiple times:
def produce_entries_chunk(label_text: str, values_x: int, entry_width: int,... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 39228,
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"tags": "python, beginner",
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} |
orbit, orbital-elements, mathematics, eccentricity
We can extend the definition of eccentricity to parabolic and hyperbolic orbits: $$e=\sqrt{1+\frac{2\epsilon h^2}{\mu^2}}$$ where $h$ is the angular momentum of the orbiting body relative to the more massive body, $\epsilon$ is the specific orbital energy, and $\mu$ i... | {
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"tags": "orbit, orbital-elements, mathematics, eccentricity",
"url": null
} |
electric-circuits, complex-numbers, electrical-engineering, phase-diagram
Therefore, $\Sigma I_{max}e^{j\phi}=0$
i.e. $\Sigma\vec{I}=0$
Here $I$ stands for scalar current and $\vec{I}$ for phasor current. Similar argument went on for the voltage law.
I didn't get what they did in the sixth step. The fact that real par... | {
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"tags": "electric-circuits, complex-numbers, electrical-engineering, phase-diagram",
"url... |
c++, chess
class PlayerAI : public GamePlayer
{
public:
virtual std::optional<Move> play(AI& ai, Board& board, int side) override {
std::cout << "Thinking...";
auto move = ai.move(board, side, 5);
Cell src(square(move.src));
Cell dst(square(move.dst));
std::cout << '\n' << c... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c++, chess",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, newtonian-gravity, history
Kepler's equal area law implies that the force on a celestial body must always be directed towards the Sun;
Feynman "reconstructs" Newton's proof that Kepler's first law - that the body's path is an ellipse with Sun at one focus - can be derived from the equal area law a... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, newtonian-gravity, history",
"url": null
} |
c++, optimization, c, c++11, programming-challenge
int main()
{
int t,siz;
scanf("%d",&t);
long long int at,bt,sum=0,max=0,maxsum=0,peep=0;
deque<int> people;
while(t--){
sum=max=maxsum=peep=0;
people.clear();
scanf("%lld%lld",&at,&bt);
while(at--){
scanf... | {
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"tags": "c++, optimization, c, c++11, programming-challenge",
"url": null
} |
nlp, spacy, allennlp
Title: NLP approaches to infer Processes from Text I would like to use NLP techniques to infer a process out of raw text. For example, if I have a sentence like:
Recruitment is about attracting and selecting the right person for the job.
To get the following process:
Attracting the right person.
I... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "nlp, spacy, allennlp",
"url": null
} |
php, object-oriented, image
/**
* The main image processing method:
* - Resizes requested image to the requested dimensions,
* - Applies sharpening if $this->sharpening is not 0,
* - Saves the result in the cache,
* - Outputs the image
*
* @return void
*/
protected function ... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 7966,
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"tags": "php, object-oriented, image",
"url": null
} |
(Thanks to David Speyer who found a gap in first version of this answer.) | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9825575157745542,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933381139645,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 326.6232182373897,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8890050649642944,
"tags... |
quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises, wavefunction, many-body, identical-particles
If the particles a and b are distinguishable, the wave-function looks as given in the exercise.
However, if the particles are indistinguishable fermions, the wave function should be antisymmetrical at the interchange of the particl... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, homework-and-exercises, wavefunction, many-body, identical-part... |
python, python-3.x, numpy, neural-network
def visulize(self):
data = {"x": self.x_train_loss_history, "train": self.y_train_loss_history}
data = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=["x", "train"])
sns.set_style("darkgrid")
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))
sns.lineplot(x="x", y="train", data=... | {
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"tags": "python, python-3.x, numpy, neural-network",
"url": null
} |
Growth and Decline HCB 13: pgs. As you change sliders, observe the resulting conic type (either circle, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola or degenerate ellipse, parabola or hyperbola when the plane is at critical positions). Log InorSign Up. A couple of weeks ago, I assigned a project to my Honors Precalculus students that ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9770226260757066,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.818373664150042,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8376199714402813,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 897.3256986854708,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5953616499900818,
"tags": nu... |
c++, beginner, random
And, just for symmetrical and intuitive interface:
generate_one()
{
return number_distribution(random_number_generator);
}
Of course in all of the examples you'll get narrowing conversion warning, I was just too lazy to type out std::uint64_t (I don't have IDE autocomplete here). Also, maybe... | {
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"tags": "c++, beginner, random",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, particle-physics, nuclear-physics
How to manipulate plasma to bring it to the energies needed for enough fusion of nuclei to get a positive result in energy spent versus energy output is a research project the world over. | {
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} |
$\left\|x+y\right\|^2=R(2-\sqrt{2})$
This is the only method which I've found to get to the answer, but I'd like to know a geometrical justification for this. Please.
#### skipjack
Forum Staff
The tangent through $P$ makes an angle of 45° with one radius, so it makes the same angle with the other radius (so that the... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9096826314926147,
"tags... |
cc.complexity-theory, lo.logic, csp
Given an encoding of a relation and an assignment to all its variables, whether the relation is satisfied or not can be computed in polynomial time. (Note: This ensures that the CSP in question is always in NP.)
Given an encoding of a relation satisfying condition 3, 4, 5, or 6, it... | {
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"tags": "cc.complexity-theory, lo.logic, csp",
"url": null
} |
the set being infinite. In general, the way A acts on \mathbf{x} is complicated, but there are certain cases. [email protected] Lecture 11: Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors De &nition 11. We recall that a nonvanishing vector v is said to be an eigenvector if there is a scalar λ, such that Av = λv. The unit vector is then. ... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9898303416461329,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8092600318913271,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8175744850834648,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 475.46634721497634,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8620264530181885,
"ta... |
quantum-field-theory, quantum-electrodynamics
Title: External radiation in quantum particle systems In describing system of quantum particles external radiation is often assumed to be classical. Is there any text book that give a proof why can we assume that? It is possible to prove that one obtains the dynamics gener... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-field-theory, quantum-electrodynamics",
"url": null
} |
control, kinematics, inverse-kinematics, manipulator, jacobian
I want to move the end-effector from $E$ to $G$, in time $T$. To do this, I can create a loop which continually calculates the required Cartesian velocity of the end-effector, about the base frame. This is a vector length 6, containing translational veloci... | {
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"id": 2196,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "control, kinematics, inverse-kinematics, manipulator, jacobian",
"url": null
} |
\epsilon {2k}\right] \\ =& \Pr \left[X \geq \mathbb{E} [X] + \frac{\epsilon}{2k}\right] \\ =& \Pr \left[X \geq \mathbb{E} [X] \left(1+ \frac{\epsilon}{2-\epsilon}\right)\right] \\ \leq & \text{exp }\left(-\frac{2-\epsilon}{8k}\left(\frac{\epsilon}{2-\epsilon}\right)^2\right) \hspace{20 px} (*)\\ = & \delta \end{aligned... | {
"domain": "stackexchange.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9899864276041908,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8228203450587197,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8311430562234877,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 232.22541683968143,
"openwebmath_score": 0.958374559879303,
"tag... |
Now since $$N_{i+1} = \operatorname{Im}(f_{i+1})$$, by the first isomorphism theorem we have that $$M_i/\operatorname{ker}(f_{i+1}) \cong \operatorname{Im}(f_{i+1}) \iff M_i/N_i \cong N_{i+1}$$. If we let $$f : M_i/N_i \to N_{i+1}$$ be this isomorphism then letting $$\pi' = f \circ \pi$$ we obtain a short exact sequenc... | {
"domain": "stackexchange.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.976669234586964,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8221852066811141,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256432832333,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 116.69442571327032,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9287884831428528,
"tag... |
• You still have not described what $F$ is either from the statement or from the graph. – Hw Chu Apr 17 at 16:42
• Right when I said $F$ i meant $E$. I will fix it in the problem statement =) – N3buchadnezzar Apr 17 at 16:47
• cateti is Italian for legs – J. W. Tanner Apr 17 at 16:56
• Your system of equations very qui... | {
"domain": "stackexchange.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9828232909876816,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8521429270341897,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8670357477770336,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 273.56894909378747,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9472463130950928,
"ta... |
react.js, typescript, factory-method, sharepoint
switch(this.props.listName)
{
case "List":
return (
<div>
<MarqueeSelection selection={ this._selection }>
<DetailsList
items={ DetailsListItemState.items }
... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 27869,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "react.js, typescript, factory-method, sharepoint",
"url": null
} |
classical-mechanics, waves, wavefunction, acoustics, thought-experiment
One the one hand, the relative position between the noise-emitting sensors and the microphone is not changing at any point throughout the movement. Thus, the wave-constellation does not change (?), and thus the microphone should pick up no noise.
... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 44595,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "classical-mechanics, waves, wavefunction, acoustics, thought-experiment",
"url":... |
inorganic-chemistry, experimental-chemistry, synthesis, process-chemistry
Petersen, A. W. Preparation of Metallic Titanium by Film Boiling (Thesis); UCRL-2523, 4393936; United States, 1954. DOI: 10.2172/4393936. By "gaseous titanium", do you mean "titanium tetraiodide ($\ce{TiI4}$) vapor"?
Van-Arkel De-Boer process is... | {
"domain": "chemistry.stackexchange",
"id": 14481,
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"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "inorganic-chemistry, experimental-chemistry, synthesis, process-chemistry",
"u... |
ros, navigation, base-global-planner, ros-indigo, base-local-planner
Who generates > nav_msg/Path local planner or global planner?
Both, but actually just for visualization. Typically on something like move_base/<PLANNER>/<local_/global_>plan topics. The local planner also generates a geometry_msgs/Twist message whic... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 30026,
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"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, navigation, base-global-planner, ros-indigo, base-local-planner",
"url": n... |
complexity-theory, computability, oracle-machines, church-turing-thesis
Why are oracle Turing machines important, more broadly? They are used widely in computer science theory, to help us study the relative difficulty between different problems. They help us encode the notion of Turing reductions. They help identif... | {
"domain": "cs.stackexchange",
"id": 4317,
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"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "complexity-theory, computability, oracle-machines, church-turing-thesis",
"url": null
... |
python, neural-network, pytorch, convergence, universal-approximation-theorem
model_nonlinear = NonLinearRegression()
# changed optimizer
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(model_nonlinear.parameters())
criterion = nn.MSELoss(reduction='sum')
# training loop
epoch_max = 2500
for epoch in range(epoch_max):
# mini-batch
... | {
"domain": "datascience.stackexchange",
"id": 11215,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, neural-network, pytorch, convergence, universal-approximation-theorem"... |
c#, .net, socket, async-await, tcp
public void Reset()
{
ResultBuffer = new List<byte>();
PrefixBuffer = new byte[sizeof(int)];
ExpectedLength = 0;
}
}
The core of it all, where I'm sure I've made lots of mistakes:
public sealed class StreamSecurityClient : IAsyncClient
{
private c... | {
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"id": 21398,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, .net, socket, async-await, tcp",
"url": null
} |
c#, algorithm, programming-challenge, interview-questions, breadth-first-search
IList<string> DebugInfo = new List<string>();
int count = 0;
while (queue.Count > 0)
{
int key = (int)queue.Dequeue();
int visitingCellRow = key / 10;
i... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 23675,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, algorithm, programming-challenge, interview-questions, breadth-first-search... |
electromagnetism
Are there any more explanation other than 'That's what we have found experimentally'? or are we solely relying on the fact the Ampere-Maxwell equation matches the experiments. No, it's not purely empirical. If the curl of an electrostatic magnetic field was going to be nonzero, it would have to be det... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 61199,
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"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electromagnetism",
"url": null
} |
complexity
$\mathsf{FP}$ (definition 1) is the class of functions that can be computed in polynomial-time. Whenever you see $\mathsf{FP}$ and its not in a context where people are talking about $\mathsf{FNP}, \mathsf{TFNP}$, this is the definition I assume.
In the nondeterministic world things get a little funny. The... | {
"domain": "cstheory.stackexchange",
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "complexity",
"url": null
} |
ros, moveit, planner, ros-kinetic
Your Pose goal is converted via the IK to a joint goal, which becomes the goal of the MotionPlanRequest. If the pose goal is not easy to reach (for the IK) from your current joint state, the IK (by default KDL) can easily be chosen from any of the many possible solutions, which may re... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 35661,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, moveit, planner, ros-kinetic",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x
INPUT_FILE = "words.csv"
def oppenFile(): # function to read the file
with open(INPUT_FILE, "r", encoding="utf-8") as words:
reader = list(csv.reader(words, delimiter=";"))
return reader
def letterCount(): # function that count every the letter in the file and retur... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 39536,
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"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-3.x",
"url": null
} |
navigation, ros-kinetic, amcl
Originally posted by huchaohong on ROS Answers with karma: 47 on 2019-02-16
Post score: 0
Yes, it does.
It is like that you are using a ruler with bigger intervals you cannot measure precisely. Grid is like the divisions when you localize.
However, using particle filter algorithm you may... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 32478,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "navigation, ros-kinetic, amcl",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, schroedinger-equation, inertial-frames, covariance, galilean-relativity
In other words, the Schrödinger equation is Galilean-invariant not in the sense that the same solution works after a boost, but in the sense that there exist solutions representing waves traveling at all different speeds. A boo... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 18067,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, schroedinger-equation, inertial-frames, covariance, galilean-re... |
search-algorithms, artificial-intelligence, search-trees, heuristics
I understand that with search-methods like e.g. beam search, hill-climbing... you can search based on a certain knowledge about the problem which can tell you in each state an approximation off how close you are to finding the solution. Currently I'v... | {
"domain": "cs.stackexchange",
"id": 5870,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "search-algorithms, artificial-intelligence, search-trees, heuristics",
"url": null
} |
javascript, performance
background-size: contain;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
align-items: center;
flex-shrink: 0;
margin: 2px;
}
.itemblock .name {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
margin: 0 5px 0 5px;
text-transform: capitalize;
color: #fff;
width: 100px;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.itemblock .pric... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 33404,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, performance",
"url": null
} |
rust, virtual-machine
fn fetch(pc: usize, instructions: &[u16]) -> u16 {
instructions[pc]
}
fn halt(register_field: &[u16]) {
println!("{:?}", register_field[0]);
}
fn load(register: usize, value: u16, register_field: &mut [u16], pc: &mut usize) {
register_field[register] = value;
*pc += 1;
}
fn swa... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 20164,
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"lm_name": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "rust, virtual-machine",
"url": null
} |
ros, navigation, beaglebone, armhf, odroid
Title: nav stack missing from UbuntuARM install
I am following this page:
http://wiki.ros.org/groovy/Installation/UbuntuARM
and have it working, but cannot find the install package for navigation.
apt-cache search ros-groovy
does not show up a nav package other than nav_msgs... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 15976,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, navigation, beaglebone, armhf, odroid",
"url": null
} |
python, python-3.x, recursion
helper(path2, distance2, brews, rest)
best_path.append(best_path.pop(0))
return best_path, best_brews, best_distance
For convenience, we've added the last brewery as the first element of the path / best_path list, so when we return our best path, we need to move it back to the e... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 38369,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, python-3.x, recursion",
"url": null
} |
inorganic-chemistry, everyday-chemistry, temperature, photochemistry
while also talking about which light is "best":
The ideal source of energy should be high energy to excite the peroxide molecules without overheating the pulp of the tooth
Is a light source relevant here, or is it merely a marketing gimmick? I hate... | {
"domain": "chemistry.stackexchange",
"id": 10110,
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"tags": "inorganic-chemistry, everyday-chemistry, temperature, photochemistry",
"url": ... |
regards.
• You said that $\kappa$ is variable. But variable as a function of what ? Function of $x$? of $t$? of both ? – JJacquelin Oct 2 '16 at 5:46
• As a function of x – OD IUM Oct 2 '16 at 11:26
When $k=k(x)$ is not constant, the PDE is still linear, just no longer constant coefficient. There are generally 2 appr... | {
"domain": "stackexchange.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9802808678600415,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8014526170633238,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8175744761936437,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 174.7797355896644,
"openwebmath_score": 0.852662205696106,
"tags... |
Here's an example: Let 33 take the role of 10 and 84 be y while 77 takes the role of 37. So the equation is 33 * 84 = 77x (writing 77x means that the number 77x is divisible by 77). We see that 33 and 77 are not relative primes of each other, they share the factor 11. And we also see that 84 does not have 11 as a facto... | {
"domain": "ggc-project.de",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9697854164256365,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.808146031653765,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333245870332531,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 863.7656569312936,
"openwebmath_score": 0.5505184531211853,
"tags": ... |
atmospheric-science, planets, geophysics
Title: Helium confined to a gravity well It's a well known problem that Earth is slowly losing its supply of helium due to helium's ability to "bubble off" the atmosphere. All the gas giants have significant percentages of helium in their atmosphere so they are big enough. Wh... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 22793,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "atmospheric-science, planets, geophysics",
"url": null
} |
ros, ros-kinetic
Download the file tiago_public.rosinstall. Copy the rosinstall file in ~/tiago_public_ws. Then run the following instruction in order to clone all the required repositories within the workspace:
The tiago_public.rosinstall there is a link to https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pal-robotics/tiago_tutori... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 33307,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, ros-kinetic",
"url": null
} |
java, strings, interview-questions, collections
public static boolean isAnagram(String firstWord, String secondWord) {
char[] word1 = firstWord.replaceAll("[\\s]", "").toCharArray();
char[] word2 = secondWord.replaceAll("[\\s]", "").toCharArray();
Arrays.sort(word1);
Arrays.sort(word2);... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 16414,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
"lm_q1q2_score": null,
"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, strings, interview-questions, collections",
"url": null
} |
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