text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
beginner, sorting, rust
Docs describe copyable data as "types whose values can be duplicated simply by copying bits." Copyable data is Plain Old Data such as numbers, tuples of copyable data, immutable borrow (&), pointers (*const / *mut), structs and enums that implement Copy (where all fields are necessarily Copyabl... | {
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"tags": "beginner, sorting, rust",
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c, bitwise
Although when compiling with a different compiler and/or targeting a different platform, this can work out poorly - for example on an embedded platform that lacks both a built-in popcnt instruction and also a hardware multiplier. As is commonly the case, the same code is not the best for all platforms. You ... | {
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"tags": "c, bitwise",
"url": null
} |
posting questions, please make sure that it makes sense. Thanks to everyone who posted comments/answers to my query yesterday (Implementing a Kalman filter for position, velocity, acceleration). Projectile Motion Simulation. Problem 1 (Projectile motion with air resistance) We have seen in lecture that when an object i... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.34371331334114... |
convolutional-neural-network
So, this "interleaved" CNN is a network where the different layer types are applied in series, layer-by-layer.
As a comparison, in "inception" type CNN, you apply the different layer types in parallel (the graphic below is 1 layer):
+---> Conv 3x3 ---+
| ... | {
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"url": null
} |
astrophysics, astronomy, stars, galaxies, milky-way
where $\tau_{I}$ and $\tau_{II}$ represent the periods over which the types of star were born and $\Phi(t)$ is the star formation rate at that time.
How sensitive is the calculation to variations in $\Phi$? It is likely that the star formation rate was actually much ... | {
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"tags": "astrophysics, astronomy, stars, galaxies, milky-way",
"url": null
} |
u_t=u_xx - finite difference scheme - theta method Contents Initial and Boundary conditions Setup of the scheme Time iteration Plot the final results This program integrates the heat equation u_t - u_xx = 0 on the interval [0,1] using finite difference approximation via the theta-method. Theoretical results have been f... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.4634234607219696,
"tags": null... |
particle-physics, vectors, notation
Title: Meaning of tilde ($\sim$) above vector (Context: particle physics) I have encountered a notation I am not familiar with, namely a tilde $\sim$ above a vector (i.e. a column vector), e.g. $\tilde{H}$. From the context, it is clear that it cannot mean transposition, complex con... | {
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"tags": "particle-physics, vectors, notation",
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} |
ros, opencv, cv-bridge, libopencv, roscpp
I want to know if there is an option to change every dependency from opencv2.4 to opencv3.0. and if it is autogenerated code, where and how can I change the config file.
Or if it is possible to include some statement in my CMakeLists.txt to use opencv3.0 instead of use opencv2... | {
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"tags": "ros, opencv, cv-bridge, libopencv, roscpp",
"url": null
} |
python, object-oriented, server, chat
def _send_nickname_in_use(self, conn, nick):
conn.send(":%s 433 %s :Nickname already in use" % (self.name, nick))
def _send_erroneous_nickname(self, conn, nick):
conn.send(":%s 432 %s :Erroneous nickname" % (self.name, nick))
def disconnect(self, conn, me... | {
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"tags": "python, object-oriented, server, chat",
"url": null
} |
javascript, d3.js
if (options.circles) {
g.append("g")
.selectAll("circle")
.data(lineparts)
.enter()
.append("circle")
.attr("r", 5)
.attr("cx", d => xscale(d.x2))
.attr("cy", d => yscale(d.y2))... | {
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"tags": "javascript, d3.js",
"url": null
} |
time-complexity
What is the time complexity of F?
If we printed out all numbers from 2 to K then it would take exponential time in terms of the bit length k of K. However we only iterate only over the primes, not all numbers from 2 to K. I believe primes represent 1/ln(K) of primes less than or equal to K. Therefore t... | {
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"tags": "time-complexity",
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} |
algorithms
trying every even or odd floor
Since the number of even (or odd) floors is at least $\left\lfloor \frac{N}2\right\rfloor$ this strategy is also in $\Theta(N)$ in the worst case.
To explain the idea of the $\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{N})$ strategy, think of it this way:
decompose the $N$ floors into (more or less) ... | {
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"tags": "algorithms",
"url": null
} |
modulation, frequency-modulation, amplitude-modulation
Math tells us that if we have a 2D base, we can't create more than two independent dimensions through any base change, so that's that.
However, if you use more than one physical carrier, sure: OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) takes $N$ frequencies... | {
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"tags": "modulation, frequency-modulation, amplitude-modulation",
"url": null
} |
signal-analysis, time-frequency, analytic-signal
Title: Teager-Kaiser Operator vs. Hilbert Transform Since a couple of months I started working on the extraction (estimation) of signal frequency and amplitude components by means of two different time-frequency approaches, namely the Hilbert transform and the Teager-Ka... | {
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"tags": "signal-analysis, time-frequency, analytic-signal",
"url": null
} |
c#, multithreading, thread-safety, queue
public void Load(IEnumerable<IItem> data, int id)
{
foreach (var item in data)
{
if (queue.Count < maxQueueCount)
Enqueue(item, id);
}
}
} So you want a queue with a maximum size, and you don't want the same item to be... | {
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"tags": "c#, multithreading, thread-safety, queue",
"url": null
} |
performance, sql, sql-server, t-sql
1. Duplicated Index Scans
Both of those identical scans come from the Src CTE, which is called from 2 the other 2 CTEs separately. I was looking for a way to eliminate the left join in favor of an existence check, however due to needing the u.UserID in your IsInternal field we will ... | {
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"tags": "performance, sql, sql-server, t-sql",
"url": null
} |
c#, multithreading, json, thread-safety, client
public bool Terminate()
{
var stop = Stop();
if (!stop)
return false;
_timer.Dispose();
return true;
}
public ICollection<Update> GetLastUpdates()
{
lock (_lock)
{
//Make A Copy: for... | {
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"tags": "c#, multithreading, json, thread-safety, client",
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} |
c++, state-machine, c++03
UpdateFuncPtr
currentState
The derived methods if you choose to use them
Moreover, there are even more things that the final users of the state machine don't need to know. Actually, the only need to know about update, so almost everything else could be made protected.
Stylistic tidbits
There... | {
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| 8p3p2bgg between 0 and 1 is not always impossible, it just depends on what you want to do. Let us consider an example √2 and √3 are irrational numbers √2 = 1.4142 (nearly) √3 = 1.7321 (nealry) Now we have to find an irrational number which should lie between 1.4142 and 1.7321 A rational number is a number that can be... | {
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... |
php, design-patterns, mvc, database, codeigniter
Title: Builder pattern for Codeigniter ActiveRecord queries I am using Codeigniter and it's ActiveRecord.
I had this idea for a base class that provided a generic getter/setter for doing simple queries on a database. I have a lot of database objects that could benefit f... | {
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# VectorGreater
xy or VectorGreater[{x,y}]
yields True for vectors of length n if xi>yi for all components .
xκy or VectorGreater[{x,y},κ]
yields True for x and y if , where κ is a proper convex cone.
# Details | {
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quantum-field-theory, special-relativity, clifford-algebra, algebraic-geometry
Fast forward 20-40 years and we had some understanding of the structure of matter and force fields based on a mathematical symmetry principle involving Lie Groups. Particle physicists became quite adept at this discipline but it was driven ... | {
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... |
beginner, vba, excel, validation
'hide export in case changes were made
Sheet2.Shapes("Rounded Rectangle 3").Visible = msoFalse
'make sure there are at least a debit and credit entered
Dim LastRow As Long
LastRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 4).End(xlUp).Row
If LastRow < 9 Then
MsgBox ("Journal Ent... | {
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java, algorithm, search
double tentativeValue = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
for (S childState : children) {
double value = makePlyImpl(childState,
depth - 1,
alpha,
... | {
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python, beginner, game, python-2.x, rock-paper-scissors
That deep stack trace is a sign of improper recursion. A properly constructed program should only have one frame in the stack at that point, namely Main().
Rather than recursing, you should implement the retry mechanism using a loop.
def Main():
print "~A ... | {
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Both the comments to this question and that other answer mention the "folklore" result that $$\mathsf{SF} + \lnot \mathsf{Inf}$$ is bi-interpretable with first-order Peano arithmetic $$\mathsf{PA}$$.
The answer gives an even stronger result involving finite fragments of these theories, namely for any $$n$$ $$\mathsf{S... | {
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point is. The following examples show how to use NumPy to solve several different systems of equations in Python. 4 x 1 + 3 x 2 − 5 x 3 = 2 − 2 x 1 − 4 x 2 + 5 x 3 = 5 8 x 1 + 8 x 2 = − 3. Edit: As pointed out by @anderstood, FindRoot can't be used to decisively say if there are no solutions for a set a equations as it... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8032727162840214,
"lm_q2_score": 0.843895106480586,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.535433053... |
No, the assumption you suggest is not always correct. For instance, let $a=2$, $b=7$, $c=1$, and $d=3$. Then
$\frac{a}{b} < \frac{c}{d}$ is true, but
$\frac{a}{b+1} < \frac{c}{d+1}$ is not.
If the argument for such an inequality doesn't immediately jump to mind, do some scratch work and work backwards from the inequ... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8459424314825853,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8814638257026672,
"tags... |
Test your code from above here(1 point), ID: root_finder_no_external
In [ ]:
#check that FindRealZeros does not rely on external functions
Explain how your function FindRealZeros works. Each member of the pair programming pair should write their own explanation, independently, in a separate copy of the file (which wi... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9755769049752757,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8925562454264588,
"lm_q2_score": 0.9149009584734676,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 4157.842828911409,
"openwebmath_score": 0.4697786271572113,
"tags": nul... |
Moment of inertia for a slender rod, axis through center: $$I=\frac{1}{12}ML^{2}$$
Moment of inertia for a slender rod, axis through one end: $$I=\frac{1}{3}ML^{2}$$
a) To find total moment of inertia, I used the equation $$I=\frac{1}{12}ML^{2}+2m(\frac{L}{2})^{2}$$, where "m" is the mass of one ball, "M" is the mass ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9683812327313546,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8005721945246438,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267118026095991,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 638.0587637119844,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6961699724197388,
"tag... |
electronic-band-theory, fermi-liquids
is correct. The wave functions in no way want to clump. On the contrary, they typically evolve so that they get diluted in the whole space that is available.
Also, the wave function for the momentum $\vec p$ eigenstates has $\Delta \vec p=0$, and by the uncertainty principle $\Del... | {
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"tags": "electronic-band-theory, fermi-liquids",
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1. Start from the center of cake (the red $\color{red}{1}$ in the $3^{rd}$ layer), one eat/move upward until one reaches the center of the top layer (the orange $\color{orange}{3}$ in $1^{st}$ layer).
2. Spiral outwards until one exhaust all slots in $1^{st}$ layer and end at a corner (the yellow corner $\color{#bbbb00... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8652240808393984,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 245.0146027961108,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6157549619674683,
"tag... |
classical-electrodynamics, vector-fields
Assuming trivial diagonal metric (i.e. Cartesian coordinates),
$\left(\mathbf{r}\times\mathbf{E}\times\boldsymbol{\nabla}\times\mathbf{A}\right)_\alpha=\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\gamma}r_\beta \epsilon_{\gamma\mu\nu}E_\mu\epsilon_{\nu\kappa\phi}\partial_\kappa A_\phi=\epsilon_{\alp... | {
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"tags": "classical-electrodynamics, vector-fields",
"url": null
} |
java, optimization, finance
back = new Command("BACK", Command.SCREEN,1);
cal_sel = new ChoiceGroup("Select calculator", Choice.EXCLUSIVE);
currentIndex = cal_sel.append("Income Tax Calculator",null);
cal_sel.append("EMI Calculator",null);
cal_sel.setSelectedIndex(currentIndex, true);
}
public void startApp()
{
fi... | {
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"tags": "java, optimization, finance",
"url": null
} |
as they model the path of a Ferris Wheel using trigonometric functions. EVALUATING FUNCTIONS Evaluate the function without using a calculator. Passengers get on at a point 1 m above the ground. Grade 11 trigonometry problems and questions with answers and solutions are presented. The centre of the Ferris wheel is 11 m ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.6883447766304016,
... |
Yes, the set of points attainable by these paths is dense in $$\mathbb{R}^2$$. Pardon the lack of polish in this answer; I don't have a 'real' math background, so I'm expressing my ideas here using the language most intuitive to me.
We can think of any path as a linear combination of five 'moves,' which w.l.o.g. are g... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9881308796527184,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8703427899118722,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8807970764133561,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 523.3560065751179,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9381072521209717,
"tag... |
electromagnetism, general-relativity, tensor-calculus, covariance
So I'm wondering, how do I show that these equations transform like a tensor (without knowing anything about E&M or the form of $A_{ab}$)?
P.S. I think my question is different enough to the cited post, since they show how $A_{ab}$ is tensorial, but not... | {
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... |
quantum-mechanics, schroedinger-equation, hamiltonian, time-evolution
any state $|\psi(t_0)\rangle \in \mathscr{H}$ at the time $t_0$ can be expressed as
$$
|\psi(t_0)\rangle= \sum_{n\in\mathbb{N}}c_n|\varphi_n\rangle
\qquad \operatorname{at} \ t=t_0$$
What will the general expression for $|\psi(t)\rangle$ at time $t>... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, schroedinger-equation, hamiltonian, time-evolution",
"url": n... |
c++, object-oriented, role-playing-game
Do you know about SOLID? Especially the S (which stands for the Single Responsibility Principle) is important in your case. Concretely, you should split up the functionality of interacting with the user (getting/printing information) and game structure. For example, a Ghoul shou... | {
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c#, performance, .net, concurrency
public Task PingAsync(AgentId agentId) =>
StartOrExtendAsync(agentId);
async Task StartOrExtendAsync(AgentId agentId)
{
var result = await Sessions.AddOrUpdateAsync(
agentId,
() => Session.Start(agentId, Clock.GetTime()),
(... | {
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"tags": "c#, performance, .net, concurrency",
"url": null
} |
pdb
How can I proceed from this point? Does this PDB contain atoms for ligand VWW, properly oriented, and how can I identify them along with neighboring ones of target protein?
Or my formulation of the problem is totally wrong? You might find RCSB's Guide to Understanding PDB Data and the PDB file format documentation... | {
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javascript, css, comparative-review, vue.js
<div :class="checkEFormProgress">
Can be updated to the following array syntax:
<div :class="[eFormProgress, 'step-indicator']">
Also there is some redundancy in those last two computed properties:
eformProgressWidth() {
return this.eformCurrentStepNumber > 100
? { ... | {
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"tags": "javascript, css, comparative-review, vue.js",
"url": null
} |
special-relativity, kinematics, momentum, velocity, inertial-frames
Title: Dependence of Lorentz factor on only a component of velocity In cases of two- or three-dimensional space, why doesn't the Lorentz factor of a component of 3-space momentum depend on only the corresponding component of velocity? That is, why isn... | {
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"tags": "special-relativity, kinematics, momentum, velocity, inertial-frames",
"url": nul... |
evolution
Reading:
[1] Haig, David. "Parental antagonism, relatedness asymmetries, and genomic imprinting." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 264.1388 (1997): 1657-1662.
[2] Patten, M. M., et al. "The evolution of genomic imprinting: theories, predictions and empirical tests." H... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "evolution",
"url": null
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python, game, tic-tac-toe
def next_turn(turn):
"""Switch turns."""
if turn == X:
return O
else:
return X
def congrat_winner(the_winner, computer, human):
"""Congratulate the winner."""
if the_winner != TIE:
print(the_winner, "won!\n")
else:
print("It's a tie!\... | {
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The properties of the matrix $L$ described by this theorem can be explained informally as follows. A column vector $\vect{y}\in\complex{m}$ is in the column space of $A$ if the linear system $\linearsystem{A}{\vect{y}}$ is consistent (Theorem CSCS). By Theorem RCLS, the reduced row-echelon form of the augmented matrix ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9171851873397827,
"tags": null,... |
c, json, c99
//same as json_write_*(stdout,...)
void json_print_element(JSON_Element *,size_t indentation);
void json_print_object(JSON_Object *,size_t indentation);
void json_print_array(JSON_Array *,size_t indentation);
void json_print_string(JSON_String *,size_t indentation);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif // __cplu... | {
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} |
python
target = random.randint(min_range, max_range)
guess = inputNumber("Please enter your guess: ")
counter = 1; # you guessed once already
while guess != target: # 1 guess incorrect
if CHEATING: print(f"{target} is the random number")# to see for myself which is the random numb
if min_range <= guess <= m... | {
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"tags": "python",
"url": null
} |
bash, linux, shell
# at last clear the exported variable containing the password
unset SSHPASS
######################################################################################
# Section-2, This will just grep the desired data from the log file as produced from
# Section-1, log file
#############################... | {
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"tags": "bash, linux, shell",
"url": null
} |
docker
Title: Is there any docker containers for ROS?
Is there any docker containers for ROS? I googled but didn't find anything.
If there is no containers what is the best way to start building one and share with you guys?
Thanks!
Originally posted by Oleg on ROS Answers with karma: 11 on 2013-11-06
Post score: 2
... | {
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dynamics
I am trying to work out the max torque a beam could create at the gearbox mount when the power is cut suddenly, however we don't know any of the beam characteristics such as where the point loads are, how long it takes to stop etc.
If you want to calculate the load, but you don't know anything about the load... | {
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"tags": "dynamics",
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if i equate time i am not getting it pls tell me where i am going wrong
lets take 1 woman can complete the work in 'w' days and 1 man can complete in 'm' days
so, it becomes w/3+m/2=6
and m/3+5=w/9
but i am getting the answer wrong.
That's because your equations are wrong. If one woman complete the job in $$w$$ days... | {
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"tags": nu... |
experimental-physics, quantum-electrodynamics, renormalization, scattering, physical-constants
Title: Running of the fine structure constant: meaning of $\alpha(Q^2=0)$? In Measurement of the Running of the Fine-Structure Constant, the L3 collaborations writes
At zero momentum transfer, the QED fine structure constan... | {
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"tags": "experimental-physics, quantum-electrodynamics, renormalization, scattering, physic... |
navigation, move-base
When I try to launch move_base.launch I get this error message:
[roslaunch][INFO] 2014-09-03 07:00:27,886: Checking log directory for disk usage. This may take awhile.
Press Ctrl-C to interrupt
[roslaunch][INFO] 2014-09-03 07:00:27,898: Done checking log file disk usage. Usage is <1GB.
[roslaunch... | {
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quadcopter, pid, sensor-fusion, tuning, filter
NOW you adjust beta to determine how smooth you want the combined pitch reading to be.
I hope this clarifies things for you.
Now, regarding your actual question, I don't think it's possible to give a quality answer with the (lack of) data you have provided.
It is true ... | {
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nuclear-physics, nuclear-engineering
energy of fission products: 169 MeV (in fuel pellets)
energy prompt neutrons: 5 MeV (in water)
energy of delayed neutrons: 7.4 keV (in water)
energy of prompt gammas: 6.6 MeV (in water)
energy of delayed gammas: 6.3 MeV (in water)
beta energy: 6.5 Mev (approx half pellets, half wat... | {
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If you know that the limit exists, you can proceed e.g. as in Gerry's answer.
There are probably many different ways to show that the limit exists. One of them uses Cassini identity $$F_{n+1}F_{n-1}-F_n^2=(-1)^n,$$ you can get $$\frac{F_{n+1}}{F_n}-\frac{F_n}{F_{n-1}}=(-1)^n\frac1{F_nF_{n-1}}.$$
So now you could use ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7331526875495911,
"tag... |
### Solution with 42 servants (also 41):
This gives a solution, for 2 poisons, using 42 servants, for 2187 (=3^7) wines. Represent the wines using trinary number system. You will get 7 Trits. We need to find out the trits of the two poisons.
A-B-C-D-E-F-G
(A) For Trit A, give wines with values 0,1,2 to 3 unique... | {
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"tag... |
ros
Originally posted by muin028 on ROS Answers with karma: 13 on 2012-09-18
Post score: 0
Please open single questions in the future unless they are regarding the same problem.
1./2.: Just leave it as it is and use ros::WallTime instead of ros::Time. There is no need to rename the parameter, just put some time in th... | {
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python, selenium
home_penalties = 0
away_goals = int(result[16:17])
away_first = int(result[21:22])
away_second = int(result[26:27])
away_third = int(result[31:32])
away_overtime = 0
elif len(result) == 40:
home_goals = int(result[13:14])
home_first = int(res... | {
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} |
c, base64
One pass instead of two
Right now you are building up an array x of indices and then you use a second pass to convert the x array into the base64 string. It would be quicker and simpler to just build up returnString directly and get rid of the intermediary x array. For example, instead of:
case 0:
... | {
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pcl, osx
Original comments
Comment by Artem on 2013-10-26:
Thanks Ivano! It did help to pass those errors. I got stuck with linking errors.
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"vtkObjectBase::PrintHeader(std::ostream&, vtkIndent)", referenced from:
vtable for pcl::visualization::PointPickingCallback in point_pi... | {
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classical-mechanics, rotational-dynamics, vectors, torque
$$ \tau = \| \boldsymbol{\tau} \| = \| \boldsymbol{r} \times \boldsymbol{F} || = \sin\theta\, \| \boldsymbol{r} \| \| \boldsymbol{F} \| = d \, \| \boldsymbol{F} \| $$
Where $\boldsymbol{r}$ is the location of the force, $\boldsymbol{F}$ is the force vector a... | {
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note: i also have examples where the differences are > 2km ) diameter. Q i is ”, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy cookie. Feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader two places are in fact opposite, the the... The latitude and longitude of two points there is a simple geometric object having loc... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8723473647220786,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1163.3422231612126,
"openwebmath_score": 0.44226107001304626,
"... |
vba, excel
Next lngCurrentRow
End Sub A wise programmer once told me
What a fascinating solution! It seems that for every smart decision you made, you also threw in a poor decision or two.
I now completely understand where he was coming from, because I feel the same way about this code here. It's a beautiful mix of... | {
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cc.complexity-theory, descriptive-complexity, finite-model-theory
The reason for this is that the allowed operations (union, intersection, projection and join) all respect the isomorphism. Hence the output respects every isomorphism respected by the input.
In $(a\lor b)\land(\neg a\lor\neg b)$, $a$ and $b$ are symmetr... | {
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thermodynamics, temperature
What these equations say is different. Since, as you pointed out, $U = U_{A} + U_{B}$, we have $dU = dU_{A} + dU_{B}$. By nature of the system's isolation, $dU = 0$ for all allowed processes, so
$$
0 = dU_{A} + dU_{B}
$$
If we now consider the total entropy, $S = S_{A} + S_{B}$,
$$
\begin{a... | {
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so $aRb,bRc \Rightarrow c=2^hb=2^h2^ka=2^{h+k}a$
choosing $p=k+h \Rightarrow c=2^pa \Rightarrow aRc \Rightarrow \text{ R is transitive}$
Can anyone confirm that 1) and 3) are correct? I tried to prove 2) but is ended like transitive proof and I think that is entirely wrong, I have no idea how to succeed, can anyone p... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8881821036338806,
"ta... |
Furthermore, toolbox functions that accept nonlinear constraints need to have both equality and inequality constraints defined. In this example there is only an inequality constraint, so you must pass an empty array `[]` as the equality constraint function ceq.
With these considerations in mind, write a function file ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.6695274710655212,
"tags":... |
fluid-dynamics
Title: Fluids Dynamics - Transmission Oil Dilution Problem I have a fluids dynamics (I guess) problem with my car and I can't seem to find the answer:
I have to change my transmission oil. It has a 7 liter total capacity, but due to the torque converter, I can only drain 4 liters at a time. Thus, I have... | {
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} |
big-o-notation
Technical note: $c_0$ must be positive, so we must choose $\epsilon<c$ on the left (hence the $\frac12$). There is no such constraint on the right, but the author might as well have kept the same $\epsilon$ for clarity.
The reciprocal is not true. As a counter-example, consider
$$f(n)=(2+\sin n)n.$$
We... | {
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"url": null
} |
optics, visible-light, reflection, refraction, geometric-optics
Title: Diffraction by blazed grating via reflection: why is the reflection angle diffrent depending on $\lambda$? Consider a blazed grating as the one in picture. It is possible to obtain a diffraction of a beam of light as in a trasmission grating (diffr... | {
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"tags": "optics, visible-light, reflection, refraction, geometric-optics",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism, electricity, superconductivity
But then one can also question whether the equation of energy density in Electric field be applied Since the dielectric constant is equal to ∞ for conductors (metals).
The original formula for electric field energy with vacuum permittivity is the correct one, do not pu... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, electricity, superconductivity",
"url": null
} |
lo.logic
Title: Normal forms for intuitionistic formulas? It is well-known that DNFs/CNFs and prenex normal forms generally do not exist for intuitionistic logic.
Are there any nice results about formula normalization for IL? I've tried googling this but the results just end up being about normal forms for proofs. ... | {
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"tags": "lo.logic",
"url": null
} |
python-3.x, object-oriented, classes
# Program main starts from here
# Global variable for the board
board = [" " for move in range(9)]
# Define the require objects
player1 = Player("X") # Player 1 object
player2 = Player("O") # Player 2 object
computer = Computer("O") # Computer player object
pVp = Game... | {
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"tags": "python-3.x, object-oriented, classes",
"url": null
} |
python
def parse_into_sections(text):
# Breaks a single question into is primary sections:
# question, options, answer.
top, asection, rest = text.split(ANSWER_TEXT_MARK, 2)
qsection, osection = top.split(OPTION_MARK, 1)
return (qsection.strip(), osection.strip(), asection.strip())
def parse_quest... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python",
"url": null
} |
human-biology, pharmacology
Carbamates are organic compounds derived from carbamic acid (NH2COOH). They are reversible AChE inhibitors. This group includes neostigmine, pyridostigmine and physostigmine. Pyridostigmine is an analog of neostigmine, so has the same basic mechanism of action. Because they are not lipid so... | {
"domain": "biology.stackexchange",
"id": 3137,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "human-biology, pharmacology",
"url": null
} |
c#
2) The code by the Solution Architect looks confusing and weird because it should be using out parameters instead (not to mention that it smells and looks like it deserves some refactoring).
Unlike ref params, out params need not be initialized prior being passed; which is why returnedOptionSetStringValue and retur... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#",
"url": null
} |
comets
Title: Comet 289P/Blanpain sudden outburst? So Sky Safari has shown that comet 289P/Blainpain has had a sudden increase in brightness, and is currently sitting at mag -1.4!!! Last week it was sitting at +15. It is due to reach Perihelion on 20th December (2 days time) so is this due to some outburst? Or is ther... | {
"domain": "astronomy.stackexchange",
"id": 4125,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "comets",
"url": null
} |
fourier-transform, homework
EDIT 2: plus I don't know how to plot the equation since it contains the imaginary number (j in the figure)... METHOD-I
Plain simple,
The discrete-time sequence you have provided is :
$$
f[n] = \begin{cases} 1 ~~~,~~~\text{ for } n = 0,1,2,14,15 \\ 0 ~~~,~~~ \text{ otherwise } \end{cases}
... | {
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"tags": "fourier-transform, homework",
"url": null
} |
c#, beginner, console
case 0:
employee.EmployeeMenu();
break;
case 2:
exit = true;
break;
}
selectedOption = 0;
} while (exit == false);
}
public int Exit()
{
return 0;
}
} The other answer focused on the data objects... | {
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"tags": "c#, beginner, console",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, hilbert-space, operators, wavefunction, notation
Bra is achieved by applying an appropriate operator $\Omega$ to the ket.
This is not true. Generally the bra corresponding to a ket is achieved by applying a conjugate transpose, as above.
An operator is a quantum mechanical equivalent of a classica... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, hilbert-space, operators, wavefunction, notation",
"url": nul... |
collision, friction
Title: Explain Gazebo friction coefficients and ?
I'm having a tough time grasping the difference between "mu" and "mu2". The friction tutorial says that:
"mu" is the Coulomb friction coefficient for the first friction direction, and
"mu2" is the friction coefficient for the second friction di... | {
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"id": 3901,
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"tags": "collision, friction",
"url": null
} |
ros, gazebo, gazebo-plugin, make
double sdf::Element::Get<double>(std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> > const&) in velodyne_plugin.cc.o
bool sdf::Param::Get<double>(double&) const in velodyne_plugin.cc.o
sdf::Console::ConsoleStream& sdf::Console::ConsoleStrea... | {
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"url": null
} |
simple to desine. Use Equation 5 Vf 2 = Vi 2 + 2*A*D. 168 m furlong ) 20. It may also be referred to as the annualized rate of return or annual percent yield or effective annual rate. Alternatively, the same r4 can be solved from The plot above shows the average speed vavg for various downhill speeds v2 in this Example... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. Yes\n2. Yes",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9833429590144717,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8798849102566718,
"lm_q2_score": 0.894789454880027,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1900.9799295418693,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6601222157478333,
"tags": ... |
was a natural model for the number of Bernoulli trials that were failures before the first success occurred. 1 Order Statistics for a random sample of size n from a continuous distribution, definition, derivation of distribution function and density. The bell-like Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution is derived from the expo... | {
"domain": "shs-schubert.de",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.985271388745168,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8231780188215992,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835309589074,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 646.8394163431753,
"openwebmath_score": 0.850506603717804,
"tags": ... |
electromagnetism, magnetic-fields, electric-fields, thermal-radiation, electromagnetic-induction
Title: Black Body emission - Coupling of $E$ and $B$ field I do not understand how a black body emits electromagnetic radiation. I assume that heating a black body creates moving charges which induce a magnetic field. But ... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 68068,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "electromagnetism, magnetic-fields, electric-fields, thermal-radiation, electromagn... |
an incentive to deviate from the strategy chosen. Textbook: Straffin, Phillip. Game Theory Solver 2x2 Matrix Games. Discuss the intuition behind the formal definition. Mixed strategy means a situation where a saddle point does not exist, the maximin (minimax) principle for solving a game problem breaks down. Is there a... | {
"domain": "vitadaprof.it",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9783846640860382,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8021710660441462,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933359135361,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1128.9469731744705,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6604950428009033,
"ta... |
c++, boost
I've also noticed a rather strong tendency to use auto rather than declaring the proper types. While the auto type is very useful in some cases such as ranged for loops maintaining this code can be more difficult. Personally types help me to understand the code better. I would almost say this code is abusin... | {
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"tags": "c++, boost",
"url": null
} |
I think that's your problem :-)
7. Originally Posted by Fedex
What's (-2)^2 again?
Check out that part of your working for the magnitude of b.
I think that's your problem :-)
$a.b = \left|a\right|.\left|b\right|.\cos\theta$
$\theta = \cos^{-1} \left( \frac{a.b}{\left|a\right|.\left|b\right|} \right)$
$a.b = \left(... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8887587875995482,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 736.8438186149863,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7882995009422302,
"tag... |
machine-learning, reinforcement-learning
Finding the best action with the least number of trials.
Scoring the highest reward during learning. This may also be expressed as "minimising regret", the idea of looking back once you know what the best action is and figuring out how far away from optimal all your previous c... | {
"domain": "datascience.stackexchange",
"id": 9659,
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"tags": "machine-learning, reinforcement-learning",
"url": null
} |
of the two lines. Two Adjacent Angle Can Be Complementary Too If They Add Up To 90°. Linear Pair A linear pair is a pair of adjacent angles formed when two lines intersect. geometry . Join. Michael F. If two angles form a linear pair, the angles are supplementary. if the two angles form a linear pair, then the sum of t... | {
"domain": "sanjuanciudadpatria.com",
"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. Yes\n2. Yes",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9802808765013517,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8104097621056047,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117940706734,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 752.5036388601808,
"openwebmath_score": 0.596768319606781,
... |
lambda-calculus, functional-programming
hello/src/Main.hs:5:3: error:
• Couldn't match type ‘IO ()’ with ‘[Char]’
Expected type: String
Actual type: IO ()
• In a stmt of a 'do' block: putStrLn "hello world"
In the expression: do putStrLn "hello world"
In an equation for ‘main’: main =... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "lambda-calculus, functional-programming",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning, scikit-learn, pandas, multilabel-classification
you could look into recurrent neural networks where you feed history up to the point of prediction as a sequence and predict the item they will buy next as softmax classification. This will depend on the amount of products that you offer whether this is... | {
"domain": "datascience.stackexchange",
"id": 1939,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "machine-learning, scikit-learn, pandas, multilabel-classification",
"url": nu... |
meteorology, atmosphere, climate, climate-change, climate-models
associated with the Pinatubo eruption. AR4 and AR5, however, did
include the effects from volcanoes and did simulate successfully the
associated cooling. During 1995–2000 the global mean temperature
anomaly was quite variable—a significant fraction of th... | {
"domain": "earthscience.stackexchange",
"id": 586,
"lm_label": null,
"lm_name": null,
"lm_q1_score": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
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"tags": "meteorology, atmosphere, climate, climate-change, climate-models",
"url": nul... |
javascript, validation, interval
Title: Sane ranges for DB queries I have a function that has, as input, a ranges object which may define from, to and limit. Note that it might have one, two or all three of them.
I want the output to be a saneRanges object, where if partial values are provided, the other ones are infe... | {
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"id": 11104,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript, validation, interval",
"url": null
} |
navigation, sensor-fusion, ekf, tf2, navsat-transform
So unfortunately, this doesn't solve the issue, but proves conclusively that it is a bug in navsat_transform. Note that I'm using the exact same navsat fixes in both of them, and the same WGS84 -> UTM calculations, so the only differences are the frame transforms u... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
"id": 25552,
"lm_label": null,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "navigation, sensor-fusion, ekf, tf2, navsat-transform",
"url": null
} |
soft-question, spacetime, quantum-gravity, cellular-automaton
Furthermore, this guy has a whole research area in this topic (discrete spaces, etc)!
So, there's plenty of stuff out there... you just have to look. ;-)
(Edited) PS: In fact, here's the name of the game: Discrete Differential Geometry. Google away... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "soft-question, spacetime, quantum-gravity, cellular-automaton",
"url": null
} |
observational-astronomy, gravitational-waves
The plot below represents (roughly speaking) the minimum detectable strain measurable as a function of frequency.
Whether there are gaps between these three instruments depends on what you mean by a gap. There is some sensitivity in the overlaps, but that sensitivity is 2-3... | {
"domain": "astronomy.stackexchange",
"id": 7111,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "observational-astronomy, gravitational-waves",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, wavefunction, solid-state-physics, schroedinger-equation, boundary-conditions
$$\psi_k(\vec{r})=\frac{1}{\sqrt{V}}e^{i\vec{k}\cdot \vec{r}}.$$
My problem is I can't seem to get solutions of this form to come out when apply the von Karman boundary conditions and I can't seem to find any derivation th... | {
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"id": 78054,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, wavefunction, solid-state-physics, schroedinger-equation, bound... |
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