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c++, recursion and this line takes care of rule 2: if(y1==1) Each time the function calls itself, it decrements y1. When y1 reaches 1, the function is done. (You may also note that if y1 is less than 1, the function will not work correctly: mathematically, it will loop forever, but in actuality, on most architecture...
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java, javascript, user-interface, javafx static String readFile(String path, Charset encoding) throws IOException { byte[] encoded = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(path)); return new String(encoded, encoding); } private void alert(String title, String header, String content, String extra...
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radioactivity, isotopes, nuclear-isomers And that was a static quantum mechanical shell toy model. IRL one has to consider (effective) field theory states with virtual exchange mesons and all that stuff. The point being: and excited state (isomer) is a unique state of entangled nucleons, and you cannot label which nuc...
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object-oriented, vb.net, properties Me._Vehicles = Collateral Else Me._Vehicles = Nothing End If End If End If Else Me._Vehicles = Nothing ...
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javascript, node.js, authorization What if I have millions of users? Could we work with permissions that can't be ordered? An example might be Append and Delete for some queue of requests: clients might only be allowed to Append new requests, while some processing server might only be allowed to Delete requests as th...
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java /** * Constructor which loads records from training part of input file * * @param sc * scanner to read training data from */ public RecordList(Scanner sc) { String[] dimString = sc.nextLine().split("\\s"); int numRecords = Integer.parseInt(dimString[0]); numFeatures = Intege...
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digital, arm DSP block fills up the buffer until a 1-second segment is filled. When 1second is filled, the audio algorithm will apply high pass filter and outputs the filtered data. 1s would be VERY large for an audio frame since it induces a latency of at least on second into the audio stream. In many applications t...
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c++, c++11, reinventing-the-wheel, memory-management T // Az printout 1 // Az "presence" :> aka true 0 // Az "negated presence" :> aka !true F // Bz printout 0 // Bz "presence" 1 // Bz "negated presence" <<< Process finished (PID=5516). (Exit code 0) cmd /c del test.exe Process started (PID=6124) >>> <<< Process fini...
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human-biology, surgery Understanding the anatomy of the penis will help you decide how to proceed. I think you're on the right track with a neurovascular or nerve injury. "The Physiology of Human Penile Erection" (Weiss, Annals of Internal Medicine, 1972) includes this great figure, where each labelled letter in the p...
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ros, parameters Title: Where is the doc of object parameters of electric & fuerte gazebo? I followed simulator_gazebo tutorials. I run rosrun gazebo spawn_model -file `pwd`/object.urdf -urdf -z 1 -model my_object Where are those parameters document? Thank you. Originally posted by li-an on ROS Answers with karma:...
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newtonian-mechanics, kinematics Title: How to explain this to my sir We all know that $f = ma$. But for finding displacement, we always use: $$ s = s_0 + ut + \tfrac{1}{2} a t^2 $$ My sir, i don't know why for some reason uses this weird method: $$ F = \frac{ms}{t^2} $$ I know the units don't match and i am sure this ...
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variable-star, hipparcos, eclipsing-star-systems A pipe character ( $|$ ) between two different types signifies a logical OR; the classification is uncertain and all possible types are indicated. An example of this is ELL|DSCT, where the star may be an ellipsoidal binary system or a DSCT-type pulsating variable with h...
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12. zeesbrat3 otherwise any other would be out of bounds 13. Michele_Laino no, it is a step in order to get rid the absolute value symbol 14. zeesbrat3 oh, okay. 15. Michele_Laino now, we can apply the theorem af mean value 16. Michele_Laino so, we have to compute this: $\Large \frac{{f\left( 1 \right) - f\lef...
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image-segmentation Initialize an histogram variable $h$ with the first column of pixels in your image In a loop, select the i = 1, 2, ... n-th column of pixels in your image. Calculate the histogram $h_i$ of the selected column If the histogram is similar to $h$, add $h_i$ to $h$ If the histogram is dissimilar to $h$...
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I'm sorry if this explanation looks terrible, but it's pretty hard to explain what I did in a couple of seconds. Page 1 of 2 12 Last
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java // start processing while (reader.ready()) { String line = reader.readLine(); if (line.matches("^(.*?\\|)*$")) { Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<String, String>(); String[] fieldNames = catalog.getFieldData().keySet().toArray(new String[]{})...
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discrete-signals, frequency, analog TDM actually goes back to before regular digital data. The Bell Telephone company in the US experimented in the 50s with chopping up analog signals into lots of thin slices and interleaving the slices from several different analog signals together, allowing the several signals to b...
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java, design-patterns, web-scraping @Override public <T> T getDocument(String htmlCode, Class<T> documentType) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("not implemented"); } private WebClient createWebClient() { WebClient webClient = new WebClient(BrowserVersion.FIREFOX_38); webClient....
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distances, redshift, photometry One of the keys to the success of template-based photometric red- shift estimators is the good set of spectral templates used to fit the broad-band spectral energy distributions of observed galaxies. Spec- tral templates from models are often used, but they can miss some important featu...
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machine-learning, neural-network, feature-extraction Finally, are you doing this for experimental/fun reasons, or is this intended to be part of a production application? If it's the former, then go for it! Worst case: it doesn't work but you learn something. But if this project is for anything more serious, then ...
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particle-physics, data-analysis Title: What does vertical axis labeled "events/energy" mean in histogram? What does vertical axis labeled "events/energy" mean in histogram? Why is events divided by energy 0.1 GeV ? Why is events divided by energy 0.5 GeV ? The events have been binned in $0.5$ GeV groups i.e. we c...
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electric-current If you want to transmit 1000 W, which case is better: (i) 100 V and 10 A, or (ii) 1000 V and 1 A? The current of 1 A produces only 1% losses compared to that of 10 A. Back in the days when electricity was being introduced, there was something called battle of currents between proponents of AC systems ...
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python, genetic-algorithm def CaclulateTimeOfDayCosts(self): timeOfDayCostsByActivity = [] for i in range(0, len(self.list)): if self.list[i] == "-": timeOfDayCostsByActivity.append(0) else: timeOfDayCostsByActivity.append( act...
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ros2, rviz [rviz2-3] Warning: Invalid frame ID "drivewhl_rr_link" passed to canTransform argument source_frame - frame does not exist [rviz2-3] at line 133 in /home/bwuk/ros2_foxy/src/ros2/geometry2/tf2/src/buffer_core.cpp [rviz2-3] Warning: Invalid frame ID "drivewhl_fl_link" passed to canTransform argument ...
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• Pi and the AGM by Borwein and Borwein: This is a truly singular book which connects elliptic integrals with Arithmetic Geometric Mean and is an interesting but somewhat difficult read. • Ramanujan Notebooks Vol 3 by Berndt: Ramanujan developed his own theory of theta functions independently of Jacobi and went far ahe...
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machine-learning, clustering, k-means More than \$500 on groceries Less than \$200 on transportation Cluster 2 contains people who spend Less than \$100 on rent Less than \$300 on transportation More than \$50 on transportation Basically I need an explanation which is meaningful to a layman user. It depends on the...
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imu, navigation, robot-pose-ekf Original comments Comment by fyxbird on 2014-07-05: Hi, Tom. Thanks for the answer and sorry for the delay. My intention of creating a static transform and broadcast it is to establish a transformation between the two frames for waitfortransform(). As the imu broadcaster is publishing ...
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quantum-mechanics, photons, momentum Where the subscripts refer to the state of the mirror, $M$, and the two photons, $\gamma_1$ and $\gamma_2$. After the first photon hits the mirror the state is $$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \big( \lvert 0 \rangle_M \lvert +p\rangle_{\gamma_1} \lvert+p\rangle_{\gamma_2} +\lvert +2p \rangle_M...
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c++, performance, beginner, c++11 #include <vector> #include <map> #include <cmath> #include "SDL2/SDL.h" #include "sprite.hxx" #include "basics/point.hxx" #include "basics/resources.hxx" /** @brief Class that holds map cells * Each tile is represented by the map cell class. */ class Cell { public: Cell(); ...
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quantum-field-theory, momentum, metric-tensor, hamiltonian-formalism, conventions $$\varphi(\textbf{x}) = \int d\widetilde{k}\left(a(k) e^{i\bf{k\cdot x}} + a(k)^\dagger e^{-i\bf{k\cdot x}}\right). \tag{3.37a}$$ I would expect $$\pi(\textbf{x}) = ~ \color{red}{+} i \int d\widetilde{k} \, \omega_k \left(a(k) e^{i\bf{...
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c# Basically, I have a class that takes in a byte array and a code. Based on the code, I am setting properties of the class. There will be more than 20 cases in total, each case may or may not have precondition verifications and may or may not be handled differently, as shown in the snippets. I feel this is already ge...
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dna, history, imaging ...have a lot of trouble connecting the photo to the diagram. And that's quite excusable: interpreting that X-ray image is actually very complicated . All the quotes and images in this answer, except the bulleted list further down, come from this paper (Lucas, 2008), which explains that histori...
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c#, unit-testing, asp.net, asp.net-mvc, integration-testing I am a bit doubting about my implementation. The problem is, that before every integration test, a new database context is created and all the data is populated there again and again. This database-set-up operation is time expensive and the execution time of ...
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general-relativity, stress-energy-momentum-tensor, action Title: Constant term in action term in general relativity? Question So I recently pondered the following. Let's say I have an $2$ actions $S_1$ and $S_2$ which differ by a constant: $$ S_1(\dot x_i, x_i) = S_2(\dot x_i, x_i) + \tilde c$$ Now their equations of ...
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electrostatics, method-of-images Title: Can I use method of images for a point charge outside a solid dielectric sphere? My question arised while solving Classical Electrodynamics(J. D. Jackson) Pro 4.9a Find a potential at all points in space for a point charge $q$ located in a free space a distance $d$ from the cen...
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gravity, lagrange-point Title: Can a satellite at lagrange point be stabilized with gravity gradient? Assuming that the satellite is big enough and the it is at the Lagrange point between the Earth and the Sun, can this satellite be stabilized with gravity gradient? (which means, can this satellite remain at the Lagra...
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transcription, microrna Some microRNAs (termed ‘intergenic’) do not reside in a protein-coding gene (e.g. Drosophila mir-31a). Here the question does not arise. Many (although not all) of those that do reside within a protein-coding gene are found exclusively in introns (termed ‘intronic’) — e.g. mir-11 and mir-998 i...
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homework-and-exercises, electrostatics The problem you are trying to solve is actually known as the Green's function problem for the Poisson equation. The method of Green's functions for solving a differential equation with a general source term $\rho(\vec{r},t)$ consists of solving the same problem, but with Dirac de...
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general-relativity, hamiltonian-formalism, geometric-optics, variational-principle, plasma-physics Please, can you explain how the above equation is derived? We can wlog consider a reference frame where the plasma medium is static, i.e. $V^{\mu}$ has only a temporal component: $$-1 = ||V||^2~=~g_{00} V^0V^0 \qquad \R...
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sql, vba, vb6, adodb .Parameters(i + 1).Value = ParamVal Next i End If Case adCmdText For i = LBound(ParameterValues) To UBound(ParameterValues) ParamVal = ParameterValues(i) 'Explicitly ...
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homework-and-exercises, newtonian-mechanics, rigid-body-dynamics, moment-of-inertia Title: Why do these two methods give different answers? MOMENT OF INERTIA A question and a figure are shown in the image below. MOI—MOMENT OF INERTIA COM—CENTER OF MASS
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persistent-data-structure I think I've searched the given research for an algorithm about how to potentially handle merge conflicts arising from this situation but have come up with nothing. Real world examples like git appear to punt this question to the user for manual resolution. Is this really the only option? Tha...
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gazebo, rosservice without the -J option in urdf_spawner. Neither seems to work. Currently I have not implemented any controllers for the joints. Therefore, disabling controllers as in this need not be considered for the time being. I could see the following messages but still the joint angles have not changed. [INFO]...
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1. Всё о строительстве Says: Спасибо наконец то нашла то что хотела прочитать тут. Кстати у меня есть рисунки на эту тему. Куда можно скинуть? Ещё раз спасибо ! 2. ernie Says: This is a temporary approval. Wonder what the Russian comment means in English? 3. ernie Says: August 1, 2009 From time to time and today ...
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thermodynamics $$\begin{pmatrix} \ce{O2} & \ce{H2} \\ \ce{H2^{\circ}} & ... \\ \end{pmatrix}\begin{pmatrix} \ce{O2} & \ce{H2} \\ ... & \ce{H2^{\circ}} \\ \end{pmatrix}\begin{pmatrix} \ce{O2} & \ce{H2^{\circ}} \\ \ce{H2} & ... \\ \end{pmatrix}\begin{pmatrix} \ce{O2} & ... \\ \ce{H2} & \ce{H2^{\circ}} \\ \end{pm...
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electromagnetism, waves, magnetic-fields, electric-fields, maxwell-equations ... A complete specification of the plane wave electromagnetic field should include the magnetic field. In general, whenever $\bar{E}$ or $\bar{H}$ is known, the other field vector can be readily found by using one of Maxwell's curl equation...
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a) determine eigenvalues. This part I can do just fine b) Determine unit eigenvectors with magnitude one. So I just take each eigenvector and divide by the lenght? c) Show that the unit eigenvectors are mutually orthogonal. This I have no idea what to do. Ive been reading through the book and it looks like I have to ...
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on the logic behind deriving the maximum likelihood estimator for a given PDF. Abstract In this thesis, we apply the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) methods for the estimation of Autoregressive Conditional Duration (ACD) models, as opposed to the. Thus, the Weibull distribution fits...
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javascript, game-of-life neighbors += isAliveOrBorn(cells[x][y - 1]); neighbors += isAliveOrBorn(cells[x][y + 1]); if(cells[x - 1]){ neighbors += isAliveOrBorn(cells[x - 1][y - 1]); neighbors += isAliveOrBorn(cells[x - 1][y]); ...
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field-theory, conformal-field-theory, classical-field-theory Title: How do fields transform under special conformal transformations? A Question in Classical Field Theory $\underline{\text{Assumption 1}}$: The definition of a transformation specifies how both the coordinates and the fields transform: They are namely $(...
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- Does this process also really prove that the order is exactly $12$ and not just $\leq 12$? –  Martin Brandenburg Aug 18 '13 at 8:04 @MartinBrandenburg It depends on what AG. means by "verified" in the last line. This gives us 12 group elements, and we need to verify that each are non-equal. –  user1729 Aug 18 '13 at ...
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symmetric. A row swap is performed by a permutation matrix. In mathematics, a self-adjoint operator on a finite-dimensional complex vector space V with inner product is a linear map A that is its own adjoint: for all vectors v and w. The last part is immediate. we can build a basis $\{ B_{12}, B_{13}, B_{23} \}$ for th...
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ros, ros2, package.xml, colcon Originally posted by marguedas with karma: 3606 on 2020-04-19 This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site Post score: 2 Original comments Comment by aby on 2020-04-20: Thank you for your quick reply. Since we still at it, I have another question about ament. I know that ament_python i...
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ros Title: I have installed ROS (jade) in ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS. Many of the demo packages mentioned in the tutorial are not being located by the installed ROS First I used $ sudo apt-get install ros-indigo-husky-navigation* and it executed successfully. Then *$ roslaunch husky_gazebo husky_playpen.launch produces follo...
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Extending this, we can use this to find the number of strings with length up to $r$ by summing the intermediate results: $$1+n+n^2+\dots +n^r$$ This is the sum of a geometric series, which means we can apply the formula to get $\frac{n^{r+1}-1}{n-1}$. If you mean "permutations with replacements" then the answer is jus...
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c++, reinventing-the-wheel private: std::vector<char> data; }; Inconsistent handling of nullptrs Your constructor checks if str might be nullptr, but your assignment operator does not. Choose whether you want to support nullptr arguments, and then handle it consistently. I would personally choose to not allow nullptr ...
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python, python-3.x This would be invalid due to repeated pair: [(0, 1), (0, 1), (2, 3), (3, 1)] This would be invalid due to the item 0 being used three times: [(0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3), (3, 2)] Also, to be clear the pair (0, 0) is invalid because it is a pair with a repeated item. My current code for accomplishing th...
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hydrocarbons, hydrogen I assume most can not practically used because they are not trivial to generate, but I like to ignore that, and assume they can be created. Are there other gases that could be used, in principle, as energy carrier? Interesting question. These are my candidates, roughly in order from most practic...
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organic-chemistry, acid-base Using the concept that the inductive effect is dominant over the resonance (mesomeric effect) in the case of halide substituents: $\require{mediawiki-texvc}$ Since both have single hydrogen, let's compare stability of carbanions $\ce{CF3-}$ and $\ce{CCl3-}$. Since fluorine shows more neg...
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## Making the Point Bigger (and different) Notice that you can barely see the point in the graph above. You may want to change the color, shape, and/or size to make it stand out more and you may need to experiment with different settings. Here we're making the point be a "*" and make it bigger using the MarkerSize set...
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python, python-3.x, sql, functional-programming This function runs a shell subprocess to fetch the most-recent commit-hash from the git-repo provided. Args: repo_path (str): absolute path to git-repo Return: str - commit hash """ # Use universal_newlines to get a string instead of b...
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ros, rviz, urdf, ros-industrial, abb I have read that you can controller it using the robot ABB's Package from ROS-industrial and ROBOTSTUDIO in a WIndows PC [..] There is no need for RobotStudio whatsoever to use the ROS-Industrial ABB packages, unless you want to control simulated hardware (ie: robots). The abb_dri...
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java, swing, file-system, formatting, stackexchange ps.println(); ps.println(); String line; int importStatementsFinished = 0; while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) { // skip package and import declarations if (lin...
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molecular-biology, molecular-genetics, homework, mutations Me and my friends had an extended discussion on this question and we all agreed that since the Gal- strain acquired a lower position, it was obviously more dense than Gal+ strain. Now, one of them claimed that if the volume were to remain constant, then mass i...
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generator Here RPM = 100 and torque = torque in / gear ratio = 1.12 Nm/4 = 0.28 Nm ~= 0.028 kg.m So power = kg.m x RPM = 0.028 x 100 = 2.8 Watts. This is produced only during 1/4 second of turning so energy = power x time = 2.8W x 0.25s = 0.9 Watt seconds = 0.9 Joule. A useful amount of energy. My experiments with che...
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beginner, c, calculator switch(n) { case 1 : c = a + b; printf("The answer is:%f\n", c); break ; case 2 : c = a - b; printf("The answer is:%f\n", c); break; case 3 : ...
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electrolysis Title: Electrolysis of Copper (II) Sulfate Solution with graphite electrodes In the electrolysis of Copper (II) Sulfate solution with inert graphite electrodes, the electrons from the power pack will first go to cathode. I understand what happens at the cathode - the copper ions gets reduced and solidifie...
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What does it mean to find the root of a number? Press "Calculate". First question on computing a root is: How precise do you want your result. The algebra of continuous functions on Cantor set. This is the special symbol that means "nth root", it is the "radical" symbol (used for square roots) with a little n to mean n...
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So, from this analysis we can see that the series terms are always decreasing for the range $$n$$ in our series and so this condition is also met. Okay, we now know that both of the conditions required for us to use the Integral Test have been verified we can proceed with the Integral Test. It is very important to al...
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• See How to search on this site?. – Approach0 and SearchOnMath work very well. Jun 21, 2021 at 7:50 • @ZAhmed Google search "frullani integral site:math.stackexchange.com". Search once, search harder, search even harder, then answer. Ideally more time should be spent searching and redirecting, than answering. In fact,...
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meteorology, geophysics, thunderstorm Cited References: 1. "Cumulus clouds". Weather. 16 October 2005. Retrieved 16 October 2012. 2. Stommel, Harry (June 1947). "Entrainment of Air Into a Cumulus Cloud". Journal of Meteorology. 4 (3): 91–94. 3. Mossop, S. C.; Hallett, J. (November 1974). "Ice Crystal Concentration in ...
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neural-networks, reinforcement-learning, function-approximation So one requirement in RL is for online learning algorithms that can handle non-stationary data well - both incorporating new data and smoothly forgetting older data. That includes neural networks. There are not many other non-linear approximators that can...
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amateur-observing, observational-astronomy, near-earth-object Honestly though, I find the NEO Program one from NASA a lot more convenient to use, even if a bit overwhelming. For extensive research though, I'd suggest referring to both of these databases, with the latter probably more conveniently used through the alre...
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html, css, sh, script, blog # Description: # Converts the markdown post or page into html format using pandoc. # During this process, the header is prepended and the footer appended to the post. # Parameters: # $1: The source path to the markdown post/page file # $2: The destination path where the conv...
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artificial-intelligence What state would result from executing the action sequence [E,D,A,B,C] in the state {P,Q,Y,Z}? I know the answer but I really don't know how to achieve it. Anyone please shed some light? (Please include workings) I will turn my comment into an answer. Recall that if your state is $\{P,Q,Y,Z\}$...
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c#, linq .Select(group => new EventListGroup { GroupID = group.Key.ToString(), GroupName = group.Max(e => (e.EventCategory01Name ?? "Unassigned") + (e.EventCategory02Name != null ? (this.GetEventCategoryDelimiter() ...
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bash, linux, shell, raspberry-pi usb-initloader.sh #!/bin/bash # # /home/pi/scripts/usb-initloader.sh # # this script uses udev rules # is initiated when usb device is inserted or removed # # ** DEVICE INSERTED - new USB device inserted ** # --------------------------------------------- # should be called from a ude...
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energy, kinematics, energy-conservation, potential-energy, rocket-science Now, during ascend, the gas shoots itself out as exhaust by pushing up in the rocket. The rocket gains kinetic energy, that comes from the chemically stored energy. During descend, the same gas is shooting itself out, but this time at higher sp...
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ros Title: deb http://packages.ros.rog/ros/ubuntu xenial main? typo? I think that a typo exists in ros-latest.list on kinetic version. http://wiki.ros.org/kinetic/Installation/Ubuntu $ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://packages.ros.rog/ros/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list' $ cat ...
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entropy, mathematical-physics, probability Title: Maximal entropy distribution in a finite doman with random endpoints I am trying to solve for the distribution of a random variable $x$, which will maximise my entropy in a finite domain, let's say $[0, R]$. $$ S = -\int_0^Rdxp(x)\ln p(x) $$ The distribution that maxim...
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algorithms, data-structures, union-find Here are my questions: 1) What is the worst-case tree for weighted quick union? 2) How I compute the average depth of a node in this worst-case tree with $2^n$ nodes? I tried to show through induction that the number of nodes at each level for the worst-case tree in weighted qu...
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transform, hilbert-transform the signal must not be noisy the signal must be centered around zero the signal must not have any trend amplitude and frequency can vary Am I right? Thank you. A single instantaneous phase estimate may or may not make any sense if there is more than one frequency peak in the signal's loca...
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organic-chemistry, stability Title: Why are 7-membered rings less likely to form than 5- and 6- membered rings? I see 5- and 6-membered ring products as the major products even when 7-membered rings are possible. Why is that 5- and 6-membered rings are more likely to form than 7-membered rings? Is it even true? My tex...
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c, pointers Title: Initializing and printing an array using pointers and dynamic allocation in C I have written a code for basic array creation and printing it's values in C. I would appreciate comments on how it can be improved, and the industry standards. One issue I'm encountering is having no way to tell printArr...
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ros, topic Title: What is the second case of ros::ok() return false? In topic programmoing tutorials Here says that ros::ok() will return false if: 1. a SIGINT is received (Ctrl-C) 2. we have been kicked off the network by another node with the same name 3. ros::shutdown() has been called by another part of the appli...
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electromagnetism, special-relativity, classical-electrodynamics, maxwell-equations, lorentz-symmetry Title: In Maxwell equations, why time derivatives only appear together with Curl? In the four maxwell's equations, the time dependence only appear in curl of $E$ and $B$ but not divergence. My question was that: Why t...
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n = Length[els]; sampInt = dt; data = els; ssf = RotateRight[Range[-n/2, n/2 - 1]/(n sampInt), n/2]; fft = dt Fourier[data, FourierParameters -> {1, 1}]; Row[ListPlot[#@ Sort[Transpose[{ssf, fft}], #1[[1]] < #2[[1]] &][[All, 2]], PlotRange -> {{1200, 1300}, All}, Joined -> True, ImageSize -> 300] & /@ {Abs, Re, Im}]
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ros, slam, navigation, rgbd6dslam, rgbd-slam Title: how to use SIFTGPU and ORB in RGBDSLAM I tried using SIFTGPU with rgbdslam to built a map. I launched rgbdslam.launch file for using SIFTGPU. While, I tried mapping with this file. I got error -> Can't create OpenGL context! SiftGPU cannot be used.Detection of keypo...
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huygens-principle I would like to consider Huygens' principle for the same plane wave in the same space, but without an opaque screen, or any other object (a “free space” case). Of course, we can think of there being a wavefront for each value $y$. Therefore, if we wish to decompose the plane wave into radial waves, s...
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electrons, atomic-structure The problem states that "the ion emits two photons in succession with wavelengths 108.5 nm and 30.4 nm." So the first photon emitted has a wavelength of 108.5 nm and the second photon has a wavelength of 30.4 nm. Furthermore the problem stated that "on transition to ground state." So after...
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solid-state-physics Title: How can one write the electron wavefunction in a periodic lattice as $\psi(x)=\sum_GC_{k-G}e^{i(k-G)x}?$ The following is taken from Kittel's solid state physics. An electron moving in a one-dimensional lattice of lattice constant $a$, suffers a periodic potential $U(x)$ where $U(x+a)=U(x)$....
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• Ignoring the base rate. Recall the formula for determining the probability of some evidence given a hypothesis, $\Pr(H|E) = \frac{1}{1+\frac{\Pr(E|\neg H)}{\Pr(E|H)}\cdot\frac{\Pr(\neg H)}{\Pr(H)}}$ • Suppose we simply remove the base rate (or prior probabilities) from our considerations, by writing instead, $\Pr(H|E...
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cosmology, specific-reference, time, big-bang Absent inflation, if you just look at pre-inflationary big-bang cosmology, the stuff coming out of the big-bang is so absurdly fine-tuned that you would actually need a very clever demiurge working very carefully to make all that stuff come out just right. But we know toda...
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black-holes, astrophysics, gravitational-waves, neutron-stars So these are pretty substantial changes to the signal, meaning that in principle it should be possible for gravitational-wave detectors to distinguish between NS and BH binaries. However, these last four points mostly come at very high frequencies (as ment...
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np-complete, reductions, np-hard, np, decision-problem The clique problem is as follows: Given: a graph $G$ of size $n$, parameter $k$ Output: Yes iff there is a clique in $G$ of size $k$. Now, first we add a clique of size $k-1$ in $G$. For sake of presentation, we denot the resulted graph by $G'$. Then, we create t...
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ros Title: Following another uncontrolled drone using tf library? Hi, I need some advice on how to proceed with the following - Scenario: I have a Parrot A.R. drone that I'm controlling using ROS. I wish to follow another Drone ( mostly another Parrot A.R. drone ). Assuming that I can detect the other (threat) drone,...
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sensors, measurements, mathematics, standards, metrology Depending on your current level of expertise there are several good introductions to uncertainty calculations. I would recommend A Beginner's Guide to Uncertainty of Measurement, which is freely downloadable. For any uncertainty calculation you need a model of y...
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php, unit-testing, json, mocks, phpunit 4. Refactor object relationships This being my preferred approach as I believe it is more in the spirit of OO programming. It seems to me like the PivotalRequest doesn't do much as you also note in your question. That being the case, it seems to me to make more sense to have a ...
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c++, opengl, minesweeper int index(int x, int y) { return x + (y*BOARD_SIZE); } bool isOpen(int x, int y) { return board[index(x, y)].open; } int getType(int x, int y) { return board[index(x, y)].type; } void setType(int x, int y, int v) { board[index(x, y)].type = v; } bool isMine(int x, int y) { ...
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quantum-mechanics, soft-question, wavefunction-collapse, superposition Title: Superposition and the Winning Jackpot Numbers Let's say I buy myself a lottery ticket (Mega-Millions). I have $\frac{1}{175,711,536}$ chance of winning. Before I tune on the tv/radio and listen to the winning numbers (i.e. make an observatio...
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