text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
statistical-mechanics, condensed-matter, quantum-hall-effect
In particular for the IQHE you considered, the Landau level is still quantized under any temperature, but the fermion occupation is not. The fermion occupation follows the Fermi-Dirac distribution. Under finite temperature, the fermion surface is no longer s... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "statistical-mechanics, condensed-matter, quantum-hall-effect",
"url": null
} |
quantum-operation, hamiltonian, hilbert-space
Feynman's clock and post-selection
We are now going to do what classical CPU does: use a program counter to orchestrate orderly execution of a sequence of discrete instructions. The program counter is an extra auxiliary system $\mathcal{C}$ that we adjoin to $\mathcal{H}\o... | {
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"tags": "quantum-operation, hamiltonian, hilbert-space",
"url": null
} |
visible-light, spacetime-dimensions
To illustrate this, let's jump back to our ordinary four-dimensional world (forget about the sliders for a moment), and consider a three-dimensional object embedded in it. This object can be embedded in at least two ways: it can have two spatial dimensions and exist for some length ... | {
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"tags": "visible-light, spacetime-dimensions",
"url": null
} |
javascript
MORE INFO
The code above is stored in a js file
I am referencing the error messages like this :
var validator = $("form:first").validate({
errorClass: 'Input_State_Error',
rules: {
lastName: {
required: true
},
dob: {
required: true,
date: ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "javascript",
"url": null
} |
c#, matrix
There are actually quite a few more places on top of this. This seems trivial but the usage of var over say double[,] or int (for the case of row) means that if you have to refactor the class into a float[,] or to return a long for a size, that your current code would still function with no effort on your p... | {
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"tags": "c#, matrix",
"url": null
} |
c++, chess
uint8 index() {
return col + row * 8;
}
uint64 flag()
{
return one << index();
}
uint8 col;
uint8 row;
};
std::optional<uint64> onboard(int col, int row)
{
if (col >= 0 && col < 8 && row >= 0 && row < 8)
return bitcalc(col, row);
return std::nullopt... | {
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"tags": "c++, chess",
"url": null
} |
catkin-make, catkin
usage: setup.py [global_opts] cmd1 [cmd1_opts] [cmd2 [cmd2_opts] ...]
or: setup.py --help [cmd1 cmd2 ...]
or: setup.py --help-commands
or: setup.py cmd --help | {
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"tags": "catkin-make, catkin",
"url": null
} |
human-biology, reproduction, development
Title: When does lactation occur? High levels of estrogens and progesterone antagonize prolactin’s effect on the mammary glands, and it’s only after the placenta has been removed and the levels of estrogens and progesterone has decreased that prolactin effectively stimulates mi... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "human-biology, reproduction, development",
"url": null
} |
inorganic-chemistry, rare-earth-elements
Suresh Purohit and N. Bhojak (2013). "The Absorption Spectra of Some Lanthanide (III) Ions". Research & Reviews: Journal of Chemistry. 2(2), e-ISSN: 2319-9849. | {
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"tags": "inorganic-chemistry, rare-earth-elements",
"url": null
} |
Thus one solution generates a family of $8\times 2\times 2\times2 = 64$ essentially equivalent solutions. Thus the total number of solutions should be a multiple of 64, and that multiple will tell you how many essentially different solutions there are. There must be at least three distinct families, because the solutio... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.5353904962539673,
... |
is better then bubble sort by a constant Factor. 4 comparisons, 3 swaps. It compare new element from unsorted list to the last element of sorted list and swap if necessary and move on to traverse the sorted list until it finds the element less than inserted element. - [Instructor] Now, let's see one more n-square time…... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.965899575269305,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8006716367591382,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8289388019824947,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 998.2573675633466,
"openwebmath_score": 0.3076539933681488,
"t... |
c#, performance
If the files were generated by Microsoft tools, they are quite likely to start with BOMs (even if they're UTF-8). In the nasty case that they mix UTF-8-BOM, UTF-8, and UTF-16 then you rely on the encoding conversion.
Even if the files are consistent, you're going to avoid the appearance of BOMs embedde... | {
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"tags": "c#, performance",
"url": null
} |
thermodynamics, temperature
B) Getting water colder than freezing typically changes it to ice. You can lower the freezing point a little by adding alcohol, or a lot by adding table salt. The thermal conductivity of ice is half that of water, so I'll assume that we salted the bowl, and then the wet wine would cool much... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics, temperature",
"url": null
} |
quantum-field-theory, spacetime, gauge-theory, topology, instantons
$$ 0 \to \mathbb{Z} \to \mathbb{R} \to \mathrm{U}(1) \to 0$$
which turns into
$$ 0 \to C^\infty(U,\mathbb{Z})\to C^\infty(U,\mathbb{R}) \to C^\infty(U,\mathrm{U}(1))\to 0$$
since $C^\infty(M,-)$ is left exact and one may convince oneself that this par... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, spacetime, gauge-theory, topology, instantons",
"url": nul... |
vba, excel
'/ Read output back to sheet.
For i = LBound(searchArray, 1) To UBound(searchArray, 1)
Range("A" & i) = searchArray(i, outputCol)
Next i
End Sub
Public Function ValueContainsString(ByVal valueToSearch As Variant, ByVal searchString As String) As Boolean
ValueContainsString = InStr(1,... | {
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} |
-
all questions as an answer? – tvamsisai Feb 18 '13 at 2:47
It's a series of leading hints. The question appears to be related to coursework - and I strongly feel it rather defeats the purpose of giving students such questions to ponder if we are to just give explicit solutions. On the other hand if the original post... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8442615866661072,
"... |
thermodynamics, everyday-life, material-science, physical-chemistry, combustion
P.s. Not sure what tags to use here ... Or if this is even the right site for this question ...- When wood burns, it oxidizes into carbon dioxde, water vapor, and carbon resdue. The carbon residue shrinks, which is why vertical cracks app... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics, everyday-life, material-science, physical-chemistry, combustion",
... |
speed-of-light, relativity, units, si-units
light-distance. It can't be, because light travels at a constant rate and time doesn't.
Update 2
From a practical point of view, as a stationary observer on Earth, during the same period of our clock based time I could be looking
at a light bouncing off a distant stationary... | {
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point. It is the Theorem (Bolzano-Weierstraˇfor Sequences). ( b is an upper bound of S) If c ≥ x for all x ∈ S, then c ≥ b. The Bolzano theorem states that if a function is continuous at all points of a closed interval [a, b] and holds the image of “a” and “b” (low function) have opposite signs, then exist by at least ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8232946991920471,... |
### Example¶
A logistic equation with harvesting can be written
$$P' = rP(1-P/K)-h.$$
We've met the growth rate $r$ and carrying capacity $K$ before. The parameter $h$ is new and might represent a certain amount removed periodically. This is called harvesting.
Let's examine how changes in the rate of harvesting mig... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9933071490757152,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8233908402543023,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8289388040954683,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8078828454017639,
"tags": n... |
The average of the first 9 terms is the 5th term of the sequence.
The sum of the first 9 terms = 252.
So, average of the first 9 terms = $252 \over 9 \\$ = 28
Therefore, the fifth term t5 = 28
t1 = 8; t5 = 28.
t5 - t1 = 4d = 28 – 8 = 20, where d is the common difference of the sequence
Or d = 5
Sum of the 9 term... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8027048909154193,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933337131076,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 297.1258706400864,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8469461798667908,
"tags": n... |
electrical-engineering, electrical, wire
Title: Extending USB cable makes it not work I have a camera that uses a USB cable to connect to my computer. I want to extend the cable from 3ft to about 6ft. Originally I just created my own cable, soldering 4 26AWG wires to a blank USB connector and connecting the other side... | {
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"tags": "electrical-engineering, electrical, wire",
"url": null
} |
python, beginner, number-guessing-game
'name': 'Kourtney Kardashian',
'follower_count': 90,
'description': 'Reality TV personality',
'country': 'United States'
},
{
'name': 'Kevin Hart',
'follower_count': 89,
'description': 'Comedian and actor',
'country'... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, beginner, number-guessing-game",
"url": null
} |
ros, tutorial, roswtf
Online checks summary:
Found 1 warning(s).
Warnings are things that may be just fine, but are sometimes at fault
WARNING The following node subscriptions are unconnected:
* /rosout:
* /rosout
Unhandled exception in thread started by <bound method TCPServer.run of <rospy.impl.tcpros_base.TC... | {
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"tags": "ros, tutorial, roswtf",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics
the spin operators do not commute for single-particle states.
That's true, but that doesn't mean they don't have any common eigenstates; it means that there is not a basis of common eigenstates. Indeed this is a very simple example of non-commuting operators which nevertheless share at least one ei... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning, feature-selection, feature-engineering, preprocessing
Title: In ML why selecting the best variables? Almost all ML notebooks out there have a section where they select the best features to use in the model. Why is this step always there ? How bad can it be to keep a variable that is not correlated wi... | {
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"u... |
turtlebot
Original comments
Comment by Chik on 2013-04-17:
well, after trying the trial version, RoboRealm seems very easy to use and to program. It also avoids the dependency problem and other sort of crash that often occurs in ROS.
Comment by Arkapravo on 2013-04-21:
@Chik Does RoboRealm has a Ubuntu installer ? You... | {
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"tags": "turtlebot",
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explanation are given and it would be easy to understand - Page 2. The factor tree doesn't necessarily produce all of a number's possible factors. We sum up the values in each node to get the cost of the entire algorithm. Hello, I would like to know if there is a simple way to generate the full expression tree of a giv... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8596637559030338,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 2014.2897150435817,
"openwebmath_score": 0.2648802101612091,
... |
observational-astronomy, radio-astronomy, data-analysis, interferometry
The ArXiv preprint The CHIME Fast Radio Burst Project: System Overview goes into great detail about the design and optimization of the antenna, considering what it is supposed to do and the necessity to make it straightforward to build an have a r... | {
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"tags": "observational-astronomy, radio-astronomy, data-analysis, interferometry",
"url"... |
c#, cryptography
byte [] randomizedSeed = this.SeedRandomization ( seed ) ;
string temporaryRegisterRepresantation = string.Empty ;
foreach ( byte seedItem in randomizedSeed )
temporaryRegisterRepresantation += Convert.ToString ( seedItem , 2 ) ;
int index = 0 ;
foreach ( ... | {
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"tags": "c#, cryptography",
"url": null
} |
# How to find the index of a square matrix in Mathematica quickly?
Let $A$ be an $n\times n$ complex matrix. The smallest nonnegative integer $k$ such that $\mathrm{rank}(A^{k+1})=\mathrm{rank}(A^{k})$, is the index fo $A$ and denoted by $\mathrm{Ind}(A)$. I would like to compute $\mathrm{Ind}(A)$ quickly in Mathemati... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.863391602943619,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 727.8552952130527,
"openwebmath_score": 0.40167033672332764,
"tag... |
c++, beginner, array, sorting, reinventing-the-wheel
This started as a simple exercise in sorting an array.
Good thing to work on when you are a beginner.
I wanted to make it a bit more complex which is why I made it a 2D array.
I don't think this adds anything to the problem. One of the main concepts of computer s... | {
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"tags": "c++, beginner, array, sorting, reinventing-the-wheel",
"url": null
} |
physical-chemistry, water
If one can assume that the enthalpy of fusion ($\pu{334 J/g},~$2) is independent of temperature between the normal melting point ($\pu{0^\circ C}$) down to $\pu{-20 ^\circ C}$, then the heat released during freezing equals that absorbed during heating of the liquid to $\pu{0^\circ C}$ so that... | {
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"tags": "physical-chemistry, water",
"url": null
} |
java, grammar
for (String nonterminal: nonterminals) { // expand each nonterminal in turn
ValueSetMap<String,String> newTranslations =
new SimpleValueSetMap<String,String>();
for (String source: translationsFromStartNonterminal.keySet()) {
for (String target: tra... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "java, grammar",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, wavefunction, wave-particle-duality
Title: Wave packet and group velocity? While finding the wave function of a free particle say $\psi(x)$, my textbook says that this is nonphysical because the wave velocity is not same as particle velocity of the free-particle. I don't understand why this is a rea... | {
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"tags": "quantum-mechanics, wavefunction, wave-particle-duality",
"url": null
} |
smooth curve. A cubic-spline is a spline constructed of piecewise third-order polynomials which. This gist was motivated by the answer to this question on stack overflow. These functions all perform different forms of piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation. Interpolation via linear or cubic splines. the music is "Si J'e... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 977.2768941747456,
"openwebmath_score": 0.4604955315589905,
"tags": nul... |
graphs, shortest-path, graph-traversal
1. Dealing with "visit each node at least once"
First, compute a modified distance matrix $D(i,j)$, $i,j=1,...,n$ using an all-pairs shortest path algorithm, such as the Floyd-Warshall algorithm. That is, you want $D(i,j)$ to be the shortest path length from node $i$ to node $j$.... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "graphs, shortest-path, graph-traversal",
"url": null
} |
homework-and-exercises, special-relativity, reference-frames, time-dilation
Title: Time Dilation Problem
I'm having some trouble using the time dilation formula. Say an astronaut leaves Earth for 10 years, at 0.85c. How much time has passed according to an observer on Earth?
I tried using the following formula:
$$t... | {
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"u... |
algorithms, graphs, algorithm-analysis, graph-traversal, weighted-graphs
Although I suspect in the worst case, this runs like Bellman-ford, in $O(VE)$ time, I cannot think of a concrete example. All the examples I thought of run in $O(V+E)$ time. So what is the running time of this algorithm on a weighted DAG?
I think... | {
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"tags": "algorithms, graphs, algorithm-analysis, graph-traversal, weighted-graphs",
"url": nul... |
python, performance, twitter
Title: Text cutting tools for Twitter A few days ago I wanted to build a tools to cut a long text into one hundred-letters strings with the number of the tweets and which part of the tweets the tweet belongs to.
I tried to have a tweet with one-hundred characters long but I could not find... | {
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• @Kaveh Ah yes, I see your confusion. The heap's nodes have at most two children (hence the binary-tree tag) – varatis Mar 27 '12 at 3:46
• I see. With the claim formulated precisely, there is indeed no need for further assumptions. The property holds in fact for all binary trees. – Raphael Mar 27 '12 at 7:05 | {
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c++, file-system, assembly, c++17
private:
std::vector<OpCode> opCodes;
};
OpCodeCatalog.cpp
#include "OpCodeCatalog.h"
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <iterator>
#include <string>
#include "File\FileReaderHelper.h"
OpCodeCatalog::OpCodeCatalog(const std::string& filename)
{
loadCatalog(file... | {
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"tags": "c++, file-system, assembly, c++17",
"url": null
} |
php, multithreading, concurrency
Title: Review of concurrent php logic for a web spider class I wrote a web spider that I would like to download and parse pages concurrently. Here is what I am trying to achieve:
instantiate a new instance of the class with the $startURL as the constructor
spider $startURL with the pu... | {
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"tags": "php, multithreading, concurrency",
"url": null
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c#, design-patterns, comparative-review, observer-pattern, system.reactive
First, you aren't cancelling this (what if someone Resets it when it is Closed? They will if you let them). If someone Resets the CircuitBreaker when it is being used, what's going to happen when something checks to see if cancellation has been... | {
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... |
1. $$(ab)^x = a^xb^x$$
Substituting yields $$(pq)^x = (-p)^x(-q)^x$$. As was stated by J. W. Tanner in the comments, this is slightly meaningless because the left-hand side is a function that has only one output, which is real, and the right-hand side can potentially have multiple and imaginary outputs, specifically w... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9261036515235901,
"ta... |
harmonic-oscillator, bose-einstein-condensate
$$51=1+1+2+4+4+4+5+5+5+5+5+5+5$$
corresponds to a Fock state: $k_i$ repetitions of integer $i$ resemble $k_i$ of $i$-th excitation. The partition above can be thus interpreted as Fock state $|0,2,1,0,3,7,\ldots\rangle$. If the length of integer partition is not equal to th... | {
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} |
matlab
TL input impedance (from generator)
Zin=Z0*(ZL+Z0*tanh(gamma_L_rad))/(Z0+ZL*tanh(gamma_L_rad)
TL input power
Pin=(abs(Vgen*Zin/(Zgen+Zin)))^2/(2*Z0*(1-(abs(refl_gen))^2)*exp(2*real(gamma_L_rad))
PLoad power reaching load
PLoad=(abs(Vgen*Zin/(Zgen+Zin)))^2/(2*Z0)*(1-(abs(refl_Load))^2)
lost power
Ploss=Pin-PL... | {
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"tags": "matlab",
"url": null
} |
ros, navigation, odometry, hector-slam, tf
quatOdom.twist.twist.linear.x = odomNew.twist.twist.linear.x;
quatOdom.twist.twist.linear.y = odomNew.twist.twist.linear.y;
quatOdom.twist.twist.linear.z = odomNew.twist.twist.linear.z;
quatOdom.twist.twist.angular.x = odomNew.twist.twist.angular.x;
quatOdom.twist.twi... | {
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} |
It is a 0 degree polynomial. Sometimes you may need to find points that are in between the ones you found in steps 2 and 3 to help you be more accurate on your graph. • Graph simple polynomials of degree three and higher. Introduction to Factoring Polynomials. You can write the polynomial in standard form as −x3 + 15x ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7044321894645691,
"tags"... |
The derivation of the $$3^{rd}$$ formula can comes by noting: $$(r+1)^4-r^4=4r^3+6r^2+4r+1$$ Now sum this identity over $$r=1$$ to $$r=n$$, and since $$\sum r^2$$ and $$\sum r$$ are already known, the $$3^{rd}$$ formula gets proven. In general, using this process, $$\sum r^n$$ can be derived if $$\sum r^{n-1}$$ is know... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8902942363098473,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9412214159965515,
"ta... |
# Tension Problem - Kinematics
1. Sep 9, 2007
### thatgirlyouknow
1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data
A cable is lifting a construction worker and a crate, as the drawing shows. The weights of the worker and crate are 921 N and 1330 N, respectively. The acceleration of the cable is 0.620 m/... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9653811591688145,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8065600674926481,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8354835391516133,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 1481.090624130826,
"openwebmath_score": 0.6199799180030823,
"tag... |
quantum-field-theory, renormalization, group-theory
Is the "renormalization group" a group? | {
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quantum-electrodynamics, renormalization, fermions
$\left[\frac{1}{2}A+m^2\left(\frac{\partial A}{\partial p^2}-\frac{\partial B}{\partial p^2}\right) \right]_{{\not}{p}=m}=0$,
and this results does not require any derivative of $p^\mu$ with respect to $p^2$. On the other hand, we already know this result should be eq... | {
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"tags": "quantum-electrodynamics, renormalization, fermions",
"url": null
} |
c++, beginner, c++11
Remove()
There is no need to introduce the temporary begin and end:
m_bucket.erase(m_bucket.begin(), m_bucket.end(), point), m_bucket.end()); | {
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"tags": "c++, beginner, c++11",
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} |
general-relativity, black-holes, angular-momentum, event-horizon, frame-dragging
So no, rotating black holes are not inherently different than non-rotating ones, they just have additional terms due to angular momentumin the equations describing the action on the metric
Transforming the metric, means that light rays pa... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, black-holes, angular-momentum, event-horizon, frame-dragging",... |
cosmology, symmetry, quantum-gravity, big-bang
So the question is what caused the original tiny density fluctuations in the early universe? This is one of the (many) issues addressed by the theory of inflation. The density differences were produced by quantum fluctuations in the inflaton field. See the Wikipedia artic... | {
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"tags": "cosmology, symmetry, quantum-gravity, big-bang",
"url": null
} |
is the angle measured down from the positive z. Integral Calculus, The Volume of the Hypersphere The Volume of the Hypersphere The sphere in n dimensions is the set of points that are 1 unit away from the origin. Topic: Area, Solids or 3D Shapes, Surface, Volume. Classic Volume Examples using triple integrals. areas ar... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9886682461347529,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8238815722468086,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8333246015211008,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 427.74356691304456,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8706629872322083... |
homework-and-exercises, forces, electrostatics, pressure
Title: Electrostatic Pressure Concept There was a Question bothering me. | {
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I then avoided the additive terms $$2k\pi$$ and concluded this implies
$$\frac{\pi}{4}=4\tan^{-1}(\frac{1}{5})-\tan^{-1}(\frac{1}{239})$$
My professor said we were supposed to use the principal argument to perform the calculations. I did not because $$\text{Arg}z_1z_2=\text{Arg}z_1+\text{Arg}z_2$$ is not necessarily ... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9653811601648193,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8352710219308089,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8652240756264638,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 377.98774395458236,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8801102638244629,
"ta... |
a function f : A -> B is both one–one and onto, then f is called a bijection from A to B. First we show that f 1 is a function from Bto A. Proof. A function fis a bijection (or fis bijective) if it is injective and surjective. 2. Example Prove that the number of bit strings of length n is the same as the number of subs... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9719924761487653,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8057222787147559,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8289388019824946,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 744.4187749929753,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8325822353363037,
"ta... |
ros, ros2, dds
Title: ros2 dds implementations
The ROS2 eloquent installation instructions say the default DDS implementation is eProsima's Fast RTPS. Similarly, the instructions for installing a new DDS implementation state that eProsima's Fast RTPS is the only one bundled with ROS2.
However, in ros2_eloquent/src g... | {
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"tags": "ros, ros2, dds",
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} |
ros, ros-kinetic, ros-canopen
* /mobile_base/mobile_base_controller/linear/x/min_velocity: -0.57
* /mobile_base/mobile_base_controller/pose_covariance_diagonal: [0.0001, 0.0001, ...
* /mobile_base/mobile_base_controller/publish_cmd: True
* /mobile_base/mobile_base_controller/publish_rate: 50
* /mobile_base/mobile_... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "ros, ros-kinetic, ros-canopen",
"url": null
} |
context-free, regular-expressions, parsers
Title: fixed point in regular expressions I've posted this question first on StackOverflow but this section seems more suited for this kind of questions.
Also I'm not trying to simply solve this exercise (it is a "parsing" exercise, once I'll figure out the regular expression... | {
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"tags": "context-free, regular-expressions, parsers",
"url": null
} |
electrostatics, electric-fields, gauss-law
Title: Electric Flux; Number of lines passing through a unit surface? Most of the definitions on flux and flux density, show a plot consisting of a positive charge emanating a field, and describe that as the number of field lines decrease, the field strength decreases. My qu... | {
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"tags": "electrostatics, electric-fields, gauss-law",
"url": null
} |
ros, callback, publisher
Title: how to put publisher and subscriber in a single Node?
hello, i am writing a node which subscribes to /scan topic make some calculations and according to the calculated values it publishes different messages on the /robotState topic in the callback function.
Here is my code:
#include "r... | {
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"tags": "ros, callback, publisher",
"url": null
} |
What was the value of his total savings before investing in these two bonds?
. . $1.\;\5500 \qquad 2.\;\11000 \qquad 3.\;\22000 \qquad 4.\;\2750 \qquad 5.\;\44000$
Let $\,r$ be the annual interest rate for both accounts.
Let $\,P$ be the amount invested in each account.
He invested $\,P$ dollars at $\,r$ percent si... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.839733963661418,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 3076.916411170652,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7637285590171814,
"tags... |
matlab, digital-filters
This filter seems to be behaving itself, isstable returns 1 and the $z$-plane seems acceptable:
However, when I try to get the coefficients using [B,A]=d.tf; the resultant filter is no longer stable and the $z$-plane looks totally different: | {
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"tags": "matlab, digital-filters",
"url": null
} |
nlp, bert, transformer, language-model
Title: Is BERT a language model? Is BERT a language model in the sense of a function that gets a sentence and returns a probability?
I know its main usage is sentence embedding, but can it also provide this functionality? No, BERT is not a traditional language model. It is a mode... | {
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periodic-trends, oxidation-state
$$\begin{array}{cc}
\hline
\text{Element} & \text{Non-screened energy of outer orbital / eV} \\
\hline
\ce{Si} & -296.178 \\
\ce{Ge} & -870.4 \\
\ce{Sn} & -1360 \\
\hline
\end{array}$$
As you can see, the percentual change from Si to Ge is much higher than the change from Ge to Sn – th... | {
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• We discussed the idea that the proofs of these tests are at least as important as the tests themselves: they are worked examples of strategies for showing that series converge or diverge.
• We saw the definition of conditional convergence, and mentioned that we have to be careful when dealing with conditionally conve... | {
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"tags":... |
But if you look back at the algebra that we just did, you can see that $$s=n-(q+1)m=(n-qm)-m=r-m\;.$$ Now recall that by hypothesis $m\in\Bbb N^+$, so $m>0$, and therefore $s=r-m<r$. In other words, $s$ is a member of $S$ that’s smaller than $r$, contradicting our choice of $r$ as the smallest member of $S$. This contr... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8310285573721207,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8499711737573762,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8790186643600464,
"ta... |
best approximates the input data in the best way, a n - unknown polynomial coefficients, which we want to find, n - the polynomial degree. Or is there any packages in C or fortran or Python that can do this? Thanka a lot!. third degree, with zeros of -2,-1, and 3, and passes through the point (4,10) Try constructing a ... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9933071480850775,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8211787344566385,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8267117940706734,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 516.5549464544059,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7137375473976135,
... |
structural-engineering, civil-engineering, concrete, standards, eurocodes
Title: How can the shear capacity of a concrete slab be determined for effective depths under 200mm? [Eurocodes] All,
I'm designing a minor slab to Eurocode 2. It's purpose is more for show than any real structural purpose however I need to just... | {
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"tags": "structural-engineering, civil-engineering, concrete, standards, eurocodes",
"... |
newtonian-gravity, experimental-physics, history, physical-constants
Who first measured the standard gravitational acceleration 9.80 m/s/s? I assume that was well known by the time of Newton?
After a quick search, I can't find who first measured
$g=9.8m/s^2$. It's not a difficult measurement, but would require accur... | {
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"url": nu... |
python, python-3.x, recursion, functional-programming
will print:
None
First
None
Second
None
First
None
So you can easily compare elements to the current condition.
The only thing missing, then, is associating the value to store in the output list to the condition to check. You have two choices: either you use zip w... | {
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"url": null
} |
makefile
Title: Makefile for multiple executables Any suggestions on how to improve the Makefile, e.g. how to best replace the multiple uses of example1/example2, ex1_src/ex2_src, ex1_obj/ex2_obj with static pattern rules?
build := ./build
targets := $(build)/example1 $(build)/example2
src := ./src
srcfiles := $(shel... | {
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"tags": "makefile",
"url": null
} |
thermodynamics
Title: Can the elements that make up an object be separated and organised by element? Is there a way to separate an object into the atoms it's made of, and then organise the resulting atoms by type?
For example a lightbulb would split into the silicon and oxygen that the glass was made of, copper and zi... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics",
"url": null
} |
graph-theory, graph-algorithms, graph-isomorphism, planar-graphs
We can finish off the question for $n=5$ and $n=6$ by computing $f(G) = o(\varnothing, G)$: the number of even induced subgraphs of $G$. Since the empty set is left unchanged by all permutations of $V(G)$, $f(G)$ is an invariant of local equivalence up t... | {
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"tags": "graph-theory, graph-algorithms, graph-isomorphism, planar-graphs",
"url": null
} |
Chap. 5: Joint Probability Distributions A joint probability density function (pdf) of X and Y is a function f(x,y) Both RV are continuous (p. 193). Conditional Probability Density Function (pdf) of Y given X = x is as long as The point: marginal pdf of condition Probability Distributions for Discrete RV De nition The ... | {
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"id": null,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8881303071975708,
"tags":... |
cc.complexity-theory, sat, np-complete, np
Note that exactly one of (a,b,c) can be true. Choosing a to be true satisfies two of the clauses and reduces the other two clauses to disjoint X2SAT:
a = true / b,c,x1,y1 = false
(x2,y2)( x3,y3)
There are 4 satisfying assignments for the disjoint X2SAT clauses. a ,b, and c ea... | {
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cc.complexity-theory, ds.algorithms, linear-algebra, polynomial-time, boolean-matrix
Second approach:
We can solve the non-orthogonal vectors problem in $O(k \cdot {d \choose k} \cdot n)$ time.
Proof. Let a set $S$ of $n$ Boolean vectors each of length $d$ and a positive integer $k$ be given.
Enumerate through sets $... | {
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opencv, ros-hydro, ubuntu-precise, ubuntu
What you are probably missing is:
target_link_libraries(foo ${catkin_LIBRARIES}
${OpenCV_LIBRARIES})
to actually link against the OpenCV libraries.
Originally posted by fergs with karma: 13902 on 2013-12-12
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original s... | {
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"url": null
} |
ros, navigation, ros-kinetic, callback, amcl
void clock_cb(const rosgraph_msgs::Clock::ConstPtr& dummy){
tf::TransformBroadcaster broadcaster;
broadcaster.sendTransform(
tf::StampedTransform(
tf::Transform(
tf::Quaternion(pose.orientation.x, pose.orientation.y, pose.orientation.z, pose.orientatio... | {
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"tags": "ros, navigation, ros-kinetic, callback, amcl",
"url": null
} |
c#, .net, reflection
Title: Copy object without reference using reflection Recently I was in need of a method to copy an object and pass it to a method which alters the data. Since a class is passed by reference this would alter the class in the caller which I don't want.
So, I wrote a generic extension method which d... | {
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So we want to avoid carry. But what causes carry? Anything that causes $D_i > 9$. First of all, as you can see above, all digits appear as $d_i^2$ in one of the columns. So any digit which has $d_i^2 > 9$ causes carry and is thus forbidden. So all digits must be 1, 2 or 3, as other people already said.
Second, all pai... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8895820379257202,
"tag... |
python, beginner, python-2.x, number-guessing-game
The idiomatic way to write a counting loop in Python is using some kind of range() or xrange().
Suggested solution
In addition to fixing the issues above, this solution also reorganizes the code so that the function definitions are not interleaved with the top-level c... | {
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"url": null
} |
and/or charts, and the test should be witnessed by an EPA inspector. Instantaneous velocity calculator is the online tool which can easily calculate the value of the rate of change of displacement with time. In the examples above the slope of line corresponds to the rate of change. How To Calculate The Angular Velocity... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9863631635159684,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8087125867277576,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8198933381139646,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 355.8038280172568,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7723156809806824,
"tags... |
quantum-mechanics, nuclear-physics
Title: Is nucleus a quantum system? I was going through this question, now I wonder what are necessary criteria for describing a system as quantum system.
Is it so that we have evidence of nuclear shell structure that imply that nucleus is a quantum system? As shell numbers turns out... | {
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} |
Let $\nu:\mathbb{Q} \to \mathbb{N}$ be an enumeration of $\mathbb{Q}$. Then $\displaystyle d(x,y):=\sum_{\min(x,y) < r \le \max(x,y)} 2^{-\nu(r)}$ will do.
-
@tomasz: Not so. Notice, for instance, that for any $x < 0$, we have $d(x,0) \ge 2^{-\nu(0)}$. – Nate Eldredge Aug 7 '12 at 21:26
@NateEldredge: good point. :) ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.922073483467102,
"tag... |
energy, newtonian-gravity, moon, tidal-effect
Since you asked about total possible energy, if the moon were treated as if it were on a rail (it's not) and the materials could withstand a collision (they can't) you could potentially harness
$2.096x10^{29} Joules$
by slowing the rotation of the Earth down to the angular... | {
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"tags": "energy, newtonian-gravity, moon, tidal-effect",
"url": null
} |
vba
Title: Source Control and custom VBA Code Exporter Context
Me and my team which I'm part of, for most of the time code in Excel VBA. Writing code in it self is pretty enjoyable, but combining our work in a shared repository is pretty painful. The ease our pain of combining/merging binary files, we have decided to... | {
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"tags": "vba",
"url": null
} |
php
$sql = "SELECT p1.* FROM comment p1 INNER JOIN
(SELECT max(date) MaxPostDate, user_id
FROM comment WHERE user_id='$me' and deleted=0
GROUP BY topic_id, picture_id, news_id) p2
ON p1.user_id = p2.user_id AND p1.date = p2.MaxPostDate
WHERE p1.user_id='$me' and del... | {
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• That was a really insightful derivation...I tried to formulate the problem in a more precise way. Please see my edit to question. – doubleE Aug 5 '17 at 20:08
• Note that because I normalized all signal energies to 1, the constant k in your edited question is 1. In other words - the signal that is most similar to a g... | {
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"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8080670946194755,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8289388125473628,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.855352520942688,
"tags... |
Which Field Operators Construct the Vector Space
Question 14 in F-I-S section 1.2 asks:
Let $\mathbf{V}=\{(a_1,a_2,\ldots ,a_n)\colon a_i\in \mathbb{C}$ for $i=1,2,\ldots n\}$; so $\mathbf{V}$ is a vector space over $\mathbb{C}$. Is $\mathbf{V}$ a vector space over the field of real numbers with the operations of coo... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9728307661011976,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8209671153078084,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8438950986284991,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 140.0913894015858,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9275876879692078,
"tag... |
php, recursion, combinatorics, formatting, memoization
Certainly. This is not a good candidate for recursion. A more efficient method is to build the triangle. Calculate the first row. Output it. Use it to calculate the second row. Then you can forget the first row. You'll never need it again.
<pre>
<?php
$pr... | {
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slam, navigation, rtabmap-ros, ros-indigo
In the terminal starting demo_turtlebot_mapping.launch:
[ INFO] [1517852555.128380165, 9.630000000]: rtabmap 0.11.8 started...
[ INFO] [1517852555.675103210, 10.180000000]: rtabmap: Rate=1.00s, Limit=0.700s, RTAB-Map=0.0483s, Maps update=0.0001s pub=0.0006s (local map=1, WM=1)... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "slam, navigation, rtabmap-ros, ros-indigo",
"url": null
} |
javascript, jquery, html
New Code:
var count_icount = 0;
if($sub_uls.length) {
2) Provide the base when using parseInt().
Old Code:
count_icount = parseInt($child_a.attr('data-icount'));
New Code:
count_icount = parseInt($child_a.attr('data-icount'), 10);
3) Eliminate commented code sections.
Old code:
var sub_lis ... | {
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"url": null
} |
ros, roslaunch, robotino
Title: Problems with robotino_node when using roslaunch
Hello,
When I run roslaunch robotino_node robotino_node.launch, I get the following output which indicates that robotino_node & robotino_odometry_node are missing (when I look in robotino-ros-pkg/robotino_node/bin, there too they are mis... | {
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"tags": "ros, roslaunch, robotino",
"url": null
} |
organic-chemistry, aromatic-compounds, nitro-compounds
Title: Aromatic ring substitution: how are MNT and DNT further nitrated if nitro groups deactivate benzene rings? This is probably a common question because it involves TNT precursors, but if an $\ce{NO2}$ group deactivates benzene rings toward electrophilic aroma... | {
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"tags": "organic-chemistry, aromatic-compounds, nitro-compounds",
"url": null
} |
moveit, transform
EDIT: OK, this wasn't the same problem I had seen - it looks like you're publishing entirely independent trees. You probably have one of your nodes configured incorrectly, or are not publishing a required static transform. To debug this, I'd use rosrun tf view_frames to figure out what those trees ar... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "moveit, transform",
"url": null
} |
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