text stringlengths 1 1.11k | source dict |
|---|---|
java, performance, game, computational-geometry, graphics
How to do 2D shadow casting in Java? : My answer here basically contains the code that was roughly created based on the description on the site linked in the original question. It shows one way of computing the shadow/light areas. This computation involves some... | {
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"tags": "java, performance, game, computational-geometry, graphics",
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skin
Why/how does the graphite remain in the skin indefinitely? I had the same thing happen to my leg. I think it eventually went away, but it was definitely many years.
I am going to go with the Tattoo answer. The way tattoos work is that Macrophages in the skin phagocytose the heavy metals in the inks. Because the h... | {
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"tags": "skin",
"url": null
} |
ros, ros-kinetic, remote
Title: rospy.loginfo on remote machine
When I launched a package on a remote machine, the rospy.loginfo messages of that package do not show up on my local machine that is running the roscore and initiated the roslaunch. Is there some modification to the rospy.loginfo that needs to be done to... | {
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"url": null
} |
ros, ros-melodic, tf2-ros
Originally posted by ravijoshi with karma: 1744 on 2022-10-24
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 2
Original comments
Comment by DiegoC on 2022-10-24:
Thank you so much for your answer, it solved my problem. And thanks to everyone who helped.
Comment by ravijoshi on 202... | {
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"tags": "ros, ros-melodic, tf2-ros",
"url": null
} |
rosinstall, osx
[rosmake-0] Starting >>> test_rosdep [ make ]
[rosmake-0] Finished <<< test_rosdep [PASS] [ 2.62 seconds ]
[rosmake-0] S... | {
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"tags": "rosinstall, osx",
"url": null
} |
javascript, performance, programming-challenge, array, iteration
Title: Maxcounters in JavaScript I am trying to solve this question: MaxCounters.
Solving it is straightforward, but solving it fast enough is proving very difficult. How can I improve the performance of this code? At the moment it is too slow for the la... | {
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"tags": "javascript, performance, programming-challenge, array, iteration",
"url": nul... |
quantum-mechanics, eigenvalue, laplace-runge-lenz-vector
2.1. Semi-numerical approach to finding exact eigenstates of $\hat A_z$
Since operators for $H$ and $L_z$ commute with $\hat A_z$, any eigenstate of $\hat A_z$ is a superposition of states with fixed $n$ and $m$ and different $l$ quantum numbers. This lets us fi... | {
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• $5 \leq \text{nullity}(T^2) \leq 8$. The possibilities for the dimension of Kernel $T^2=5,6,7,8$. Let $\text{nullity}(T^2)=7 \implies rank (T^2)=4$, which contradicts your answer. May 13 '20 at 11:51
• @Learning You're right, I made a silly mistake, sorry about that. I've edited it. May 13 '20 at 12:18 | {
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$$\max_{\pmb a} \sum_i^I z_i - \sum_j^J w_j\\ \pmb a \pmb P_i\pmb a^\top\geq z_i, i=1,\ldots,I\\ \quad\pmb a \pmb Q_j\pmb a^\top-w_j= 0, j=1,\ldots,J\\ \quad w_j\geq 0$$
where again, the $\pmb Q_j$ are all symmetric non negative definite. I reckon Prof. Borchers's answer below can easily be adapted to the complete pro... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8621174693107605,
"tags... |
electrostatics, gauss-law, coulombs-law
$$
F = 2 \frac{\lambda^2 l}{d} = 2 \frac{Q^2}{d\; l}
$$
is attractive and directed along the line joining the centers of the two plates, for obvious reasons of symmetry.
If instead the two plates are made of insulating material, carrying constant surface charge density $\sigma ... | {
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"tags": "electrostatics, gauss-law, coulombs-law",
"url": null
} |
galaxy, observational-astronomy, interstellar-medium, dust, metallicity
Second, typically only a small fraction of the gas in a galaxy is locked up in stars. For small galaxies — which are the most abundant — as little as ~5% of the gas is in stars (e.g. Schombert et al. 2001), although for large galaxies like the Mil... | {
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"tags": "galaxy, observational-astronomy, interstellar-medium, dust, metallicity",
"url"... |
species-identification, entomology, pest-control
Copyright Siga, via Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0 2022.
Copyright marked, via entnemdept.ufl.edu, fair usage, 2022.
Characteristics:
Adult can be up to 3.5 mm in length.
Worldwide distribution though it is more common in warmer climates.
Notched antennae (like the teeth of ... | {
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"tags": "species-identification, entomology, pest-control",
"url": null
} |
• I have no doubt that the OP's statement is true, and that in practice constructing such a domino covering is easy in every particular case. I just don't find your current argument convincing, and seems to be far from a proof. What you write is not unclear, but it is just handwavey, leaving many gaps to be filled. The... | {
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"tag... |
electromagnetism, resource-recommendations
and its solution manual which contains the solutions to a variety of problems in the exercises that might be of your concern : http://93.174.95.29/main/D4FFE7AE2DA687D13B46A7A611C7807C
Griffiths' book is the best book to learn not only magnetostatics but electrostatics and el... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, resource-recommendations",
"url": null
} |
special-relativity, photons, inertial-frames
Now, let's look at how these coordinates transform under a boost. Again, for simplicity let's just say the boost is in the $+x$ direction with some velocity $v<c$. The Lorentz transformation tells us how the coordinates transform into this new frame:
\begin{align}
t' &=... | {
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"tags": "special-relativity, photons, inertial-frames",
"url": null
} |
optics, lasers
Title: Why are lasers used for concentrated light applications instead of incoherent light sources? Some laser applications consist simply of concentrating light into a small spot. Two example applications are laser welding and cutting. In these cases a CO2 laser is often used which needs a regulated p... | {
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"tags": "optics, lasers",
"url": null
} |
c++, algorithm, c++11, sorting
for(auto value: boost::make_iterator_range(first, last)) {
++counts[value];
}
for(auto count: counts) {
ValueType& value = count.first;
std::size_t& size = count.second;
std::fill_n(first, size, value);
std::advance(first, size);
... | {
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"tags": "c++, algorithm, c++11, sorting",
"url": null
} |
thermodynamics, notation, free-energy
Title: Gibbs Free Energy Notation What's the difference between $G$, $\Delta G$, $\Delta G^\circ$, and $\Delta_\mathrm r G^\circ$?
I've seen the first two used interchangably, and seen $G$ specifically referred to as change in Gibbs Free energy. Is this common? Are there cases wh... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics, notation, free-energy",
"url": null
} |
c#, asp.net, xml
case "Title":
if (reader.Read())
{
title = reader.Value.Trim();
}
break;
case "IsMetadata":
if (reader.Re... | {
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"tags": "c#, asp.net, xml",
"url": null
} |
ros, inverse-kinematics, trac-ik
Originally posted by tristancrs on ROS Answers with karma: 21 on 2015-11-24
Post score: 1
Original comments
Comment by gvdhoorn on 2015-11-24:
Can you clarify a bit? What is it that you actually want to do with it?
Comment by tristancrs on 2015-11-24:
right, instead of using KDL's ik,... | {
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"tags": "ros, inverse-kinematics, trac-ik",
"url": null
} |
evolution, zoology, botany, human-evolution, literature
Citations:
Carto, S.L., Weaver, A.J., Hetherington, R., Lam, Y. and Wiebe, E.C., 2009. Out of Africa and into an ice age: on the role of global climate change in the late Pleistocene migration of early modern humans out of Africa. Journal of human evolution, 56(... | {
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"tags": "evolution, zoology, botany, human-evolution, literature",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, forces, mass, inertia
Title: What is the minimum force needed to overcome Inertia? This question arose from this statement:
On Mars, weights would be different but the amount of force needed to overcome inertia would be the same. | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, forces, mass, inertia",
"url": null
} |
the-moon
Title: USNO moon images look quite different? I visited:
http://aa.usno.navy.mil/imagery/moon
http://www.usno.navy.mil/USNO/time/moon-phase-images
within seconds of each other, and saw two very different "current moon images": | {
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ros-melodic
Originally posted by pcf3333 on ROS Answers with karma: 16 on 2020-02-22
Post score: 0
just install sudo apt-get install libsdl1.2-dev
Originally posted by pcf3333 with karma: 16 on 2020-02-22
This answer was ACCEPTED on the original site
Post score: 0 | {
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Cosine Functions Worksheet, source:math. to the right. If f is sine or cosine, then −1 ≤ a ≤ 1 and, if f is tangent, then a ∈ R. • Use amplitude and period to help sketch graphs. Graphs of Sine and Cosine Below is a table of values, similar to the tables we’ve used before. 5 Graphs of the Tangent, Cotangent, Cosecant a... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.64966630935... |
The map is injective: if $P_\tau v_i=v_{\tau(i)}=v_i$ for all $i$, then $\tau(i)=i$ for all $i$ and $\tau=1$.
Finally, the map is surjective because $|P_n|=n!$ (permutation matrices are allowed one nonzero entry in every row and column. Starting with the leftmost column, you have $n$ choices for where to place a nonze... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9896159172058105,
"tag... |
4. (4) Find the derivatives of the following. 6 Calculating Higher Order Derivatives Unit 3 Derivatives …. Once we have an equation establishing the relationship among the variables, we differentiate implicitly. Any quantity that changes should not be substituted until the derivative is being evaluated at the specific ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7438331246376038,
"tags": nu... |
algorithms, graphs, shortest-path, greedy-algorithms, minimum-spanning-tree
Title: Negative cycle detection using Bellman-Ford and its correctness I recently started studying algorithms on my own using Cormen and MIT algo videos in YouTube. I am going thru Bellman-Ford.
I have 2 doubts about the correctness of the a... | {
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"tags": "algorithms, graphs, shortest-path, greedy-algorithms, minimum-spanning-tree",
"url": ... |
vision
Title: Why do we see a different color when we mix two colors? The compounds responsible for a color do not change when they are mixed with another material. The same compounds are there after mixing. However, when we mix colors such as blue and yellow we see green.
BUT we are able to tell where a color starts... | {
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python, python-3.x, linux
def color_fragment(string):
if re.fullmatch(r'^[0-9A-F]{2}$', string):
return string
else:
raise ag.ArgumentTypeError(f'"{string}" is not a two-digit hex value.')
def brightness_fragment(string):
if re.fullmatch(r'^[0-9]{1,3}$', string) and 0 <= int(string) and 25... | {
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"tags": "python, python-3.x, linux",
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} |
beginner, algorithm, ruby, array, time-limit-exceeded
def list_squared(m, n)
(m..n).map do |num|
divisors = Set.new((1..Math.sqrt(num)).select { |d| num % d == 0 })
divisors += divisors.map { |d| num / d }
sum_sq_divisors = divisors.map { |d| d * d }.inject(:+)
[num, sum_sq_divisors] if Math.sqrt(s... | {
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"tags": "beginner, algorithm, ruby, array, time-limit-exceeded",
"url": null
} |
ros, tutorial, node
make[1]: *** [all] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/kirill/dev/rosbook/chapter2_tutorials/build'
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
[ rosmake ] Output from build of package chapter2_tutorials written to:
[ rosmake ] /home/kirill/.ros/r... | {
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"tags": "ros, tutorial, node",
"url": null
} |
ds.data-structures, pl.programming-languages, functional-programming
Title: Is there an array structure that allows for O(1) complexity for reverse, zip, slice etc operations? Many operations on arrays have $O(n)$ complexity.
If we represent arrays as accessors methods, many of them could be done in $O(1)$. For examp... | {
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"url": nu... |
----------
Obviously this is over-elaborate, but I really put in every detail for sake of a thorough explanation of a method of doing this question that doesn't involve consideration of multiple cases. Even if you don't answer the question this way, I hope this was enlightening or useful to you in some way. | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.8578897714614868,
"tag... |
of a parallelogram given sides and angle. Regular pentagon is a pentagon with all five sides and angles equal. Suppose a regular pentagon has a side of 6 6 6 cm. Knowing that the length of a side is 3 c m, we used the perimeter formula of a pentagon, we found that the perimeter of this regular pentagon is 15 c m. Anoth... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8221891370573388,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.7381290793418884,
"tags":... |
condensed-matter, superconductivity, topological-order, topological-insulators, majorana-fermions
There are various physical consequences. The general feature is that something peculiar happens on the boundary between superconductors belonging to different topological classes. For example, if the $p_x+ip_y$ supercondu... | {
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"tags": "condensed-matter, superconductivity, topological-order, topological-insulators, ma... |
beginner, strings, programming-challenge, haskell, recursion
Title: Parsing n lines to count vowels - HackerEarth I have written a haskell program for the following 'Code Monk' Challenge at HackerEarth.
Here is the challenge description. Basically, we are looking for the number of vowels in a string. The first input n... | {
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"tags": "beginner, strings, programming-challenge, haskell, recursion",
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} |
newtonian-mechanics, newtonian-gravity, orbital-motion
To put it more simply, Kepler's second law isn't about spheres at all -- it's about orbits. | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, newtonian-gravity, orbital-motion",
"url": null
} |
organic-chemistry, halogenation
Comparatively, in base calalysis the intermediate (Bromo enolate anion) is quite stable leading to di and tri bromination (provided acidic H is present).
Reference
Organic Chemistry, 5th Edition by Prof. Marc Loudon
Organic Chemistry, 5th Edition by Prof. Marc Loudon
Organic Chemist... | {
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"tags": "organic-chemistry, halogenation",
"url": null
} |
machine-learning, neural-network, keras, tensorflow
About tutorials not using the Keras API (I understand that you are referring to using model.compile, model.fit, etc), you should understand that tutorials are normally introductory material, which makes using only Keras a sensible decision, avoiding the rougher Tenso... | {
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Then the derivative d y d x is defined by the formula: , and a ≤ t ≤ b, Function differential calculator The differential of the function is the principal (linear by ) part of function increment. If the calculator did not compute something or you have identified an error, please write it in If you differentiate an expr... | {
"domain": "pamovalleyvineyards.com",
"id": null,
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"openwebmath_score": 0.83611500263214... |
radar
After the mixer and prior to sampling a low pass filter would typically be used to reject the sum frequency and pass through the lower difference frequency resulting in:
$$\frac{1}{2}\cos(2\pi (f_2-f_1)t + \phi)$$
The the phase would translate to a phase shift of the final result but not change the frequency com... | {
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"tags": "radar",
"url": null
} |
python, google-app-engine
paginator = Paginator(ads,PAGESIZE)
ads = paginator.page(page)
location_map = sorted(location_map.iteritems(), key=lambda x: x[1]["name"])
location_map_br_11_cap = sorted(location_map_br_11_cap.iteritems(), key=lambda x: x[1]["name"])
location_map_br_11 = sort... | {
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This is the result of Maclaurin series expansion.
I am converting my comment into an answer. You can actually use L'Hospital to evaluate your limit. But you have to apply it twice. This can be seen as differentiating the denominator twice yields $$(x\sin(x))''=2\cos(x)-x\sin(x)$$ which converges to $2$ for $x \to 0$.
... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 511.77999745500347,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9906370639801025,
"ta... |
optics, experimental-physics, experimental-technique, experimental-technology, sensor
Questions:
Why this random phase issue happens?
How can I suppress it?
Edits
I have used a lens to focus the light onto the photodiode.
I cannot reproduce the stable status anymore, even with my previous setup. So something must b... | {
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"tags": "optics, experimental-physics, experimental-technique, experimental-technology, sen... |
c#, .net
This way the Dispose method of the FileStream gets called immediately. Otherwise it will be delayed until the FileStream object gets garbage collected. This may not be a big problem in practice in simple applications where you read the configuration only once but is good practice to do it anyway.
Also note th... | {
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"url": null
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performance, beginner, vba, excel
lastRow = Sheets("Billing").range("A" & Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row
lastLet = ActiveSheet.Cells(1, Columns.Count).End(xlToLeft).Column
Columns(sort3 & ":" & sort3).Select
Selection.Replace What:=" - -", Replacement:="0", LookAt:=xlPart, _
SearchOrder:=xlByRows, MatchCase:=False, Sear... | {
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"tags": "performance, beginner, vba, excel",
"url": null
} |
electric-circuits, electric-current, charge, electrical-resistance, voltage
Title: If Voltage = Joules/Coulombs than how can you have Voltage without Current? Note: For the below question: I am ignoring exotic circumstances such as superconductors.
My Problem:
I came across this question regrading the ability to have ... | {
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"tags": "electric-circuits, electric-current, charge, electrical-resistance, voltage",
"u... |
php, mysql
$dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES, false);
$stmt->bindValue(':item_id', '44', PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->bindValue(':itemname', $_POST['itemname'], PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->bindValue(':itemuni',$getitemuni, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->bindValue(':soldby', $soldby, PDO::PARAM_STR);
$s... | {
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"tags": "php, mysql",
"url": null
} |
kinematics, momentum, definition, inertia
The larger an object, the larger its "amount of motion", all else being equal
The faster an object is moving, the larger its "amount of motion", all else being equal
If two objects have equal "amounts of motion" in opposite directions, the total "amount of motion" of the syste... | {
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} |
But the problem asks about the expression as a whole, not the integrand
Right, but a Riemann sum will have negative terms when the integrand is negative.
I believe that they're tacitly assuming that a and b in the limits of integration are in the order a < b.
So are you saying that I'm correct that I could get a large... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9089406132698059,
... |
biochemistry, thermodynamics
Glycolysis, or the lysis (as in breaking down) of glucose is a preparation phase. In this phase, glucose is metabolized in a way of preparing it to eventually generate energy. This phase barely generates any energy (net +2 ATP per glucose molecule), but the initial molecule (glucose) under... | {
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"tags": "biochemistry, thermodynamics",
"url": null
} |
Proof: Since and are inverses for , we have
and
Hence,
2.16 Definition (Invertible element.) Let be a binary operation on a set , having an identity element . I will say that an element is invertible for , if has an inverse. If is associative, then every invertible element for has a unique inverse, which I call th... | {
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"tags": null... |
java, beginner, strings, homework
assertEquals("A", hint);
}
that test takes 0.387 seconds to run. What does it do? Well I create a new instance of HiddenWord with the hidden word being simply "A". I then get the hint for a letter "A". well.. according to your specifications that should return simply A. Next test. Wr... | {
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evolution, homework
Title: vestigial structure question If a species has a vestigial anatomical
structure that it no longer uses, would
you expect this structure to disappear
over many generations through the action
of natural selection? Always, sometimes,
or never? Explain your answer.
I'm having a hard time with th... | {
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"tags": "evolution, homework",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, energy-conservation, potential-energy, perpetual-motion, energy-storage
Title: Can we use the stored gravitational potential energy of a building to produce power? There are skyscrapers sitting and pushing on the ground with tremendous weight. Is it possible to convert this weight/force to harness... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, energy-conservation, potential-energy, perpetual-motion, ener... |
java, hangman
Title: string guessing game in java import java.util.Scanner;
class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int tries = 0;
boolean iterated = false;
String temp = "";
String holder = "";
System.out.println("Welcome to the guessing game! Guess one lett... | {
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"tags": "java, hangman",
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} |
quantum-field-theory, path-integral, double-slit-experiment, interference, gauge-invariance
Can we say that if we physically make a four potential $A_\mu$ appear (in this case only the space part is present) appear, as in the experiment, that this causes the shift in the diffraction pattern?
Yes, the presence of a no... | {
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, path-integral, double-slit-experiment, interference, gauge-i... |
homework-and-exercises, newtonian-gravity, energy-conservation
What messed me up the most is, to me, the number of factors we have to take in when doing the calculation; both masses move, so we have to account for a gravitational field that acts over a shorter period of time yet that increases more rapidly; in additio... | {
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"tags": "homework-and-exercises, newtonian-gravity, energy-conservation",
"url": null
} |
java, performance, game
Currently has double sets of keyListener and windowsListener. Both the frame and the window itself currently needs them. The ideal solution would be to only need for one of them.
Messy Reflection
My idea was to get it as dynamic as possible, to never have to touch the core files after a certain... | {
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• Theorem 4.1.1: Let $V,W$ be vector spaces and let $\varphi :V\to W$ be a surjective homomorphism with kernel $K$. Then $W\cong V\mathrm{/}K$. Conversely, if $V$ is a vector space and $W\subset V$ a subspace, then there exists a homomorphism $\psi :V\to V\mathrm{/}W$. (TODO: am I transcribing this correctly?)
• Defin... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9872410893440247,
"tags": n... |
# How can we find the number of pairs of intersecting ranges on a circular number line?
I recently thought of and managed to solve this algorithmic problem:
On a infinite 1-dimensional number line, we have N ranges specified by two distinct integers A and B, such that all A and B are unique. Each pair of integers the... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9780517501236461,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": 424.69788964303507,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7298941612243652,
"ta... |
discrete-signals, interpolation
Title: Calculate interbeat intervals I'm currently reading a paper and I can't seem to make sense of a certain part. A link to the paper: removed
The part I don't quite get is on page 286 (after the part where they explain their filters). It starts with the sentence "Two common methods ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "discrete-signals, interpolation",
"url": null
} |
thermodynamics, equilibrium
Title: Evolution of Gibbs energy change of reaction with temperature The Gibbs energy change of reaction is given by $$\Delta G^0_{rx}=\Delta H^0_{rx}-T\Delta S^0_{rx}$$
From the look of it seems the direction of variation of equlibrium with $T$ is given by the sign of the entropy change $\... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics, equilibrium",
"url": null
} |
algorithm, interview-questions, graph, swift
static func == (lhs: Node, rhs: Node) -> Bool {
return lhs.identifier == rhs.identifier
}
}
class Edge {
var from: Node // does not actually need to be stored!
var to: Node
var weight: Int
var description : String {
return "from: " + fro... | {
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"tags": "algorithm, interview-questions, graph, swift",
"url": null
} |
python, primes
if n < -1: # If we'd check for < 0, -1 would give us trouble
factors[0] = -factors[0]
return tuple(factors)
def get_next_prime_factor(n):
if n % 2 == 0:
return 2
# Not 'good' [also] checking non-prime numbers I guess?
# But the alternative, creating a list of prime num... | {
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"tags": "python, primes",
"url": null
} |
general-relativity, metric-tensor, coordinate-systems, terminology, notation
\begin{align}
g|_U&=g_{ab}\,dx^a\otimes dx^b,
\end{align}
where $g_{ab}:U\to\Bbb{R}$ are smooth functions, namely $g_{ab}(p):=g\left(\frac{\partial}{\partial x^a}(p),\frac{\partial}{\partial x^b}(p)\right)$.
Ok, now given the object $g$ as ab... | {
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"tags": "general-relativity, metric-tensor, coordinate-systems, terminology, notation",
"... |
c++, integer, overloading, bitset
bool i_bitset::operator==(const int& b){
return b == pGet();
} I'm not sure how to review your code, because I don't understand what you're aiming for. There is a std::bitset class but it's different from yours: its size is known at compile-time and it's chiefly designed to function... | {
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"tags": "c++, integer, overloading, bitset",
"url": null
} |
newtonian-mechanics, momentum, energy-conservation, collision, spring
Perfectly elastic collision is a collision in which there is 100% gain of kinetic energy which is converted into potential energy during collision. While perfectly inelastic collision means that there is no gain of kinetic energy (this does not mean... | {
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"tags": "newtonian-mechanics, momentum, energy-conservation, collision, spring",
"url": n... |
values of s and t. Symmetric Matrices The total number of linearly independent eigenvectors, N v, can be calculated by summing the geometric multiplicities ∑ = =. does not require the assumption of distinct eigenvalues Corollary:if A is Hermitian or real symmetric, i= ifor all i(no. Learn to find eigenvectors and eigen... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.983847165177859,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8397339736884712,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 369.4200616105211,
"openwebmath_score": 0.9121360778808594,
"tags": nu... |
quantum-algorithms, entanglement, superposition, communication
Title: How can a third party learn the coefficient of a shared $2n$-qubits state using a classical message from each one? Suppose Alice and Bob share the $2n$-qubits state $$|\phi _{x,y,b} \rangle = \frac{1}{2}(|x\rangle + (-1)^b |y\rangle)$$
where $x,y$ a... | {
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"tags": "quantum-algorithms, entanglement, superposition, communication",
"url": ... |
thermodynamics, electrochemistry
Title: What can we say about the Gibbs free energy if it decreases or not? [Sorry if the question looks trivial but I have thought about it for days and red a number of books all with no success.]
In almost every thermodynamics book that has something to say about chemical reactions th... | {
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"tags": "thermodynamics, electrochemistry",
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} |
python, algorithm
def check_word(word, keywords):
"""Return a list of keywords that the user may have intended to type.
Takes a string 'word' of user input
and a list of keywords that may have been the user's command.
Will return either an empty list if there are no suitable results,
or a list con... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, algorithm",
"url": null
} |
c++, performance, algorithm, bitwise, c++14
if (rhs_p)
{
while (not lhs_p)
{
lhs_p = lhs.value & 1u;
++i;
lhs >>= 1u;
}
res ^= lhs_p << i;
} | {
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"tags": "c++, performance, algorithm, bitwise, c++14",
"url": null
} |
optics, photoelectric-effect, specific-reference
L. E. Gurevich and V. S. Travnikov, in Problems of Modern Physics (in Russian), ed. V. M. Tuchkevich and V. Ya. Frenkel (Nauka, Leningrad, 1980), pp. 262-268 [English translation: Semiconductor Physics, ed. V. M. Tuchkevich and V. Ya. Frenkel (Cons. Bureau, New York, 19... | {
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"tags": "optics, photoelectric-effect, specific-reference",
"url": null
} |
ros, roslaunch, namespace
Originally posted by leblanc_kevin on ROS Answers with karma: 357 on 2011-11-27
Post score: 3
The recommended solution is to define parameters in each node's private namespace, but define topics in the relative namespace. While parameters are typically specific to each node, topics are share... | {
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"tags": "ros, roslaunch, namespace",
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} |
c#, lucene
result.Add(new Field("id", file.BookId.ToString(), Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.NO));
result.Add(new Field("author", file.Author, Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.ANALYZED));
result.Add(new Field("annotation", file.Annotation, Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.ANALYZED));
result.Add(new Field("publisher"... | {
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"id": 7598,
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"tags": "c#, lucene",
"url": null
} |
Thus
$$p(x) = C(x-2)(x-4)(x-8)(x-16)$$
-
Good solution! – anonymous Sep 2 '10 at 18:24
Hint $\:$ Note the equation is $\displaystyle \rm\; \frac{\sigma\:f}f \:=\; \frac{\sigma^4 g}g\$ for $\rm\ g = x-16 \:,\:\;$ shift $\rm\;\;\sigma\:f(x) = f(\sigma\:x) = f(2\:x)$
Or, written additively $\rm\ (\sigma-1) \; f \;=\: ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": 0.9206456542015076,
"tag... |
coordinate-systems, conformal-field-theory, scaling
Notice that the equations can also be written like this:
$$
S'[\Phi]=S[\Phi']
\tag{2.115$^*$}
$$
with
$$
S[\Phi]\equiv \int d^dx\ \mathcal{L}(\Phi,\partial_\mu\Phi).
\tag{2.112$^*$}
$$
This shows clearly that the authors are transforming the fields, and only the fi... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "coordinate-systems, conformal-field-theory, scaling",
"url": null
} |
javascript, sorting, floating-point
function getOutput(input) {
var left = Math.floor(input);
var right = Math.ceil(input);
var middle;
var before = [];
var after = [];
if (right == left)
left--,
middle = left + 1,
right = left + 2;
if (left < 0)
before.unshift(Math.abs(left));
else... | {
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"id": 18459,
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"tags": "javascript, sorting, floating-point",
"url": null
} |
27, in excellent agreement with the simulations in the fracture networks, which indicate a proportionality with time raised to the power 1. Execute the simulation 10,000 times and determine the frequency distribution of the end position. In particular, superdiffusion, i. 88. II. I am thinking of using an If statement t... | {
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"id": null,
"lm_label": "1. YES\n2. YES\n\n",
"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9833429580381723,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8434802256717661,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8577681049901037,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 716.9879891191669,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7770645022392273,
"tags": nul... |
complexity-theory, artificial-intelligence, neural-networks
Predicting random or pseudo-random numbers.
Factoring large integers.
Determining whether a large integer is prime or composite.
Decrypting anything encrypted by a good algorithm.
Can someone explain, why this limitation should hold for all kinds of neural n... | {
"domain": "cs.stackexchange",
"id": 9770,
"lm_label": null,
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "complexity-theory, artificial-intelligence, neural-networks",
"url": null
} |
java, game-of-life, javafx
if (count == null) {
speciesFreqs.put(species, new MutableInt(1));
} else {
count.inc();
}
totalNeighbors++;
}
/**
* Clears the recorded neighbors
*/
public void reset() {
... | {
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"tags": "java, game-of-life, javafx",
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} |
Always draw a picture for problems like this. y^2= x is a parabola, of course, "on its side". The line x= 9 is a vertical line crossing the parabola at (9,3) and at (9, -3). Yes, you can integrate with x going from 0 to 9. On your picture, mark an arbitrary "x" by marking a point on the x-axis between 0 and 9. Now draw... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8757870046160257,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 406.71554735861827,
"openwebmath_score": 0.7749534249305725,
"ta... |
so when t is at a, this thing is going to be x of b, y of b. We saw that down here. Now as t increases, this value is going to decrease. We started x of b, y of b, and as t increases, this value is going to decrease to a, right? It starts from b, and it goes to a. This one obviously starts at a, and it goes to b. So ho... | {
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"lm_name": "Qwen/Qwen-72B",
"lm_q1_score": 0.9873750536904563,
"lm_q1q2_score": 0.8140531388218035,
"lm_q2_score": 0.8244619263765707,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 246.93646808064636,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8302860856056213,
"tags... |
quantum-mechanics, experimental-physics, polarization, quantum-optics
In Bob’s part of the experimental archi-
tecture, a 50:50 beam splitter (BS)
is placed in the path of the incoming photons, where each
photon has 50% probability to go to the transmitted arm and
50% to go to the reflected arm. In the transmitted arm... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
"id": 89420,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, experimental-physics, polarization, quantum-optics",
"url": n... |
c#, inheritance, reflection, polymorphism, json.net
private bool _isPrettyType;
public PrettyTypeReader(TextReader reader, [NotNull] string typePropertyName, [NotNull] Func<string, Type> typeResolver)
: base(reader)
{
_typePropertyName = typePropertyName ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(name... | {
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"id": 32751,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, inheritance, reflection, polymorphism, json.net",
"url": null
} |
python, algorithm, cryptography
The business key should be exposed to end users. That is, a user should know their own username and employee number, even if these are created by the system.
Tables should have a surrogate key, and this key should not be exposed to end users. This does not just include direct user inter... | {
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"id": 35060,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "python, algorithm, cryptography",
"url": null
} |
c#, html, functional-programming, generics, framework
public HtmlRenderer(IMarkupFormatting formatting, ISanitizer sanitizer)
: this(formatting, sanitizer, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
{ }
public HtmlRenderer(IMarkupFormatting formatting)
: this(formatting, new HtmlSanitizer(), CultureInfo.In... | {
"domain": "codereview.stackexchange",
"id": 24918,
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, html, functional-programming, generics, framework",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, time-complexity, number-theory, linear-algebra, factoring
Example output 3: $w = [0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 6, 0, 4] \implies (4)2^5 + (6)2^1 = (4)35$
\begin{align*}
\hline
\end{align*}
Question:
Given inputs $N$, $B$, $K$, $s$, and $M$, what is the maximum number of arithmetic steps required to find an output or to ... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithms, time-complexity, number-theory, linear-algebra, factoring",
"url": null
} |
c#, async-await, scheduled-tasks, .net-core
Title: Simple async task scheduler I've written a .NET Core console application to monitor the operation of a sensor network and I'd like a review of the task scheduling performed by the main program loop. There are three tasks that are all declared as public static async Ta... | {
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "c#, async-await, scheduled-tasks, .net-core",
"url": null
} |
quantum-mechanics, measurement-problem
Title: Probability of a particle to go from one position to another In Feynman's lectures on physics Volume:3 Ch:21. Feynman states
The amplitude that a particle goes from one place to another along a certain route when there’s a field present is the same as the amplitude that ... | {
"domain": "physics.stackexchange",
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"lm_q2_score": null,
"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "quantum-mechanics, measurement-problem",
"url": null
} |
algorithms, strings, correctness-proof, stacks
Proof: "$\impliedby$" is by definition.
"$\implies$". Let $s$ be a valid string. If $s$ is empty, of course. Assume $s$ is not empty. $s$ was obtained by a series of insertion of "$abc$". Instead of $a, b, c$, we can imagine that each $a$ is an apple, each $b$ is a banana... | {
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"id": 19815,
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "algorithms, strings, correctness-proof, stacks",
"url": null
} |
of ' quiver ' which helps in plotting velocity plots (phase portraits). vi Contents 3 Nonlinear Systems in the Plane 51. Using Matlab to get Phase Portraits Once upon a time if you wanted to use the computer to study continuous dynamical systems you had to learn a lot about numerical methods. edui Department of Mathema... | {
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"lm_q1_score": 0.9787126457229186,
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"lm_q2_score": 0.831143045767024,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 867.5055131018929,
"openwebmath_score": 0.4847550690174103,
"tags": ... |
quantum-field-theory, analyticity
Shock waves are discontinuities that develop in solutions of the wave equation.
Phase transitions (of various kinds) are non-continuities in thermodynamics, but as thermodynamics is a study of aggregate quantitites, one might argue that the microscopic system is still continuous. How... | {
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"id": 69902,
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"tags": "quantum-field-theory, analyticity",
"url": null
} |
structural-engineering, beam, reinforced-concrete
If the beam and the slab will be poured simultaneously, then that's it, and you can stop reading this answer.
However, if there's a chance that the beam will be built first and then the slab will be poured over it, then that means that the beam's stirrups and negative ... | {
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"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "structural-engineering, beam, reinforced-concrete",
"url": null
} |
ros
Title: setting sensor port permissions
I'm working with different sensors that all require I run things like:
$ sudo chmod a+rw /dev/ttyACM0
$ sudo chmod a+rw /dev/ttyUSB0
to set the port permissions before ROS can see the sensor data. I would like to set these permanently (or somehow in a config or launch file) ... | {
"domain": "robotics.stackexchange",
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"tags": "ros",
"url": null
} |
signal-synthesis, electrical-signal
Alternative approaches that can be more power-efficient and faster to build in CMOS technology² would instead
Have your VCO
convert your pulse train to a binary square wave (e.g., only 0 V and +1 V) by means of a toggle flip-flop
convert your VCO's sine to a similar square wave by ... | {
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"openwebmath_perplexity": null,
"openwebmath_score": null,
"tags": "signal-synthesis, electrical-signal",
"url": null
} |
electromagnetism, magnetic-fields, vector-fields
We assume that current density is going clock-wise around z-axis at radius $\mathcal{R}$:
$$
\mathbf{J}\left(\mathbf{r'}\right)=I\,\left(\begin{array}\\-\sin\phi\\\quad\cos\phi\\\quad0\end{array}\right)\,\delta\left(\rho-\mathcal{R}\right)/\rho
$$
Where $I$ is a constan... | {
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"tags": "electromagnetism, magnetic-fields, vector-fields",
"url": null
} |
questions example, =SEC ( 45 gives! Focus on its application reciprocal functions ( secant, cosecant and cotangent ) can be in!, we always retain the last two points to generate the next angle in the right are. Method C++ formula is 1.90359, cosecant, and cotangent functions using the function... Means the x … secant M... | {
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"lm_q2_score": 0.8418256393148982,
"openwebmath_perplexity": 541.3095723636754,
"openwebmath_score": 0.8611409664154053,
"t... |
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