id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 217 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
56e1680ae3433e1400422eb2 | Universal_Studios | In the early 1970s, Universal teamed up with Paramount Pictures to form Cinema International Corporation, which distributed films by Paramount and Universal worldwide. Though Universal did produce occasional hits, among them Airport (1970), The Sting (1973), American Graffiti (also 1973), Earthquake (1974), and a big b... | What Universal hit film was produced in 1974? | {
"text": [
"Earthquake"
],
"answer_start": [
290
]
} |
56e1680ae3433e1400422eb3 | Universal_Studios | In the early 1970s, Universal teamed up with Paramount Pictures to form Cinema International Corporation, which distributed films by Paramount and Universal worldwide. Though Universal did produce occasional hits, among them Airport (1970), The Sting (1973), American Graffiti (also 1973), Earthquake (1974), and a big b... | What company was purchased by MGM in 1981? | {
"text": [
"United Artists"
],
"answer_start": [
488
]
} |
56e1680ae3433e1400422eb4 | Universal_Studios | In the early 1970s, Universal teamed up with Paramount Pictures to form Cinema International Corporation, which distributed films by Paramount and Universal worldwide. Though Universal did produce occasional hits, among them Airport (1970), The Sting (1973), American Graffiti (also 1973), Earthquake (1974), and a big b... | When did United International Pictures start distributing films for DreamWorks? | {
"text": [
"1997"
],
"answer_start": [
1078
]
} |
56e16883cd28a01900c67891 | Universal_Studios | Anxious to expand the company's broadcast and cable presence, longtime MCA head Lew Wasserman sought a rich partner. He located Japanese electronics manufacturer Matsushita Electric (now known as Panasonic), which agreed to acquire MCA for $6.6 billion in 1990. Meanwhile, around this time, the production subsidiary was... | Who was the head of MCA in 1990? | {
"text": [
"Lew Wasserman"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} |
56e16883cd28a01900c67892 | Universal_Studios | Anxious to expand the company's broadcast and cable presence, longtime MCA head Lew Wasserman sought a rich partner. He located Japanese electronics manufacturer Matsushita Electric (now known as Panasonic), which agreed to acquire MCA for $6.6 billion in 1990. Meanwhile, around this time, the production subsidiary was... | What is the current name of the company that was called Matsushita Electric in 1990? | {
"text": [
"Panasonic"
],
"answer_start": [
196
]
} |
56e16883cd28a01900c67893 | Universal_Studios | Anxious to expand the company's broadcast and cable presence, longtime MCA head Lew Wasserman sought a rich partner. He located Japanese electronics manufacturer Matsushita Electric (now known as Panasonic), which agreed to acquire MCA for $6.6 billion in 1990. Meanwhile, around this time, the production subsidiary was... | How much did Matsushita Electric pay for MCA? | {
"text": [
"$6.6 billion"
],
"answer_start": [
240
]
} |
56e16883cd28a01900c67894 | Universal_Studios | Anxious to expand the company's broadcast and cable presence, longtime MCA head Lew Wasserman sought a rich partner. He located Japanese electronics manufacturer Matsushita Electric (now known as Panasonic), which agreed to acquire MCA for $6.6 billion in 1990. Meanwhile, around this time, the production subsidiary was... | In what year was MCA/Universal Home Video Inc. created? | {
"text": [
"1990"
],
"answer_start": [
256
]
} |
56e16883cd28a01900c67895 | Universal_Studios | Anxious to expand the company's broadcast and cable presence, longtime MCA head Lew Wasserman sought a rich partner. He located Japanese electronics manufacturer Matsushita Electric (now known as Panasonic), which agreed to acquire MCA for $6.6 billion in 1990. Meanwhile, around this time, the production subsidiary was... | What was the nationality of Matsushita Electric? | {
"text": [
"Japanese"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} |
56e168ebe3433e1400422ec4 | Universal_Studios | Matsushita provided a cash infusion, but the clash of cultures was too great to overcome, and five years later Matsushita sold an 80% stake in MCA/Universal to Canadian drinks distributor Seagram for $5.7 billion. Seagram sold off its stake in DuPont to fund this expansion into the entertainment industry. Hoping to bui... | What percentage of MCA/Universal did Matsushita Electric sell five years after acquiring the company? | {
"text": [
"80%"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
} |
56e168ebe3433e1400422ec5 | Universal_Studios | Matsushita provided a cash infusion, but the clash of cultures was too great to overcome, and five years later Matsushita sold an 80% stake in MCA/Universal to Canadian drinks distributor Seagram for $5.7 billion. Seagram sold off its stake in DuPont to fund this expansion into the entertainment industry. Hoping to bui... | To whom did Matsushita sell a large share of MCA/Universal? | {
"text": [
"Seagram"
],
"answer_start": [
188
]
} |
56e168ebe3433e1400422ec6 | Universal_Studios | Matsushita provided a cash infusion, but the clash of cultures was too great to overcome, and five years later Matsushita sold an 80% stake in MCA/Universal to Canadian drinks distributor Seagram for $5.7 billion. Seagram sold off its stake in DuPont to fund this expansion into the entertainment industry. Hoping to bui... | How much did Seagram pay to buy a large share of MCA/Universal? | {
"text": [
"$5.7 billion"
],
"answer_start": [
200
]
} |
56e168ebe3433e1400422ec7 | Universal_Studios | Matsushita provided a cash infusion, but the clash of cultures was too great to overcome, and five years later Matsushita sold an 80% stake in MCA/Universal to Canadian drinks distributor Seagram for $5.7 billion. Seagram sold off its stake in DuPont to fund this expansion into the entertainment industry. Hoping to bui... | What did Seagram sell to finance their purchase of a share in MCA/Universal? | {
"text": [
"its stake in DuPont"
],
"answer_start": [
231
]
} |
56e168ebe3433e1400422ec8 | Universal_Studios | Matsushita provided a cash infusion, but the clash of cultures was too great to overcome, and five years later Matsushita sold an 80% stake in MCA/Universal to Canadian drinks distributor Seagram for $5.7 billion. Seagram sold off its stake in DuPont to fund this expansion into the entertainment industry. Hoping to bui... | What company did Seagram buy in 1999? | {
"text": [
"PolyGram"
],
"answer_start": [
380
]
} |
56e16960cd28a01900c678a3 | Universal_Studios | To raise money, Seagram head Edgar Bronfman Jr. sold Universal's television holdings, including cable network USA, to Barry Diller (these same properties would be bought back later at greatly inflated prices). In June 2000, Seagram was sold to French water utility and media company Vivendi, which owned StudioCanal; the... | Who was the head of Seagram? | {
"text": [
"Edgar Bronfman Jr."
],
"answer_start": [
29
]
} |
56e16960cd28a01900c678a4 | Universal_Studios | To raise money, Seagram head Edgar Bronfman Jr. sold Universal's television holdings, including cable network USA, to Barry Diller (these same properties would be bought back later at greatly inflated prices). In June 2000, Seagram was sold to French water utility and media company Vivendi, which owned StudioCanal; the... | Who bought the USA cable network from Seagram? | {
"text": [
"Barry Diller"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} |
56e16960cd28a01900c678a5 | Universal_Studios | To raise money, Seagram head Edgar Bronfman Jr. sold Universal's television holdings, including cable network USA, to Barry Diller (these same properties would be bought back later at greatly inflated prices). In June 2000, Seagram was sold to French water utility and media company Vivendi, which owned StudioCanal; the... | Who bought Seagram in June 2000? | {
"text": [
"Vivendi"
],
"answer_start": [
283
]
} |
56e16960cd28a01900c678a6 | Universal_Studios | To raise money, Seagram head Edgar Bronfman Jr. sold Universal's television holdings, including cable network USA, to Barry Diller (these same properties would be bought back later at greatly inflated prices). In June 2000, Seagram was sold to French water utility and media company Vivendi, which owned StudioCanal; the... | What was the budget of the film Love Actually? | {
"text": [
"$40 million"
],
"answer_start": [
766
]
} |
56e16960cd28a01900c678a7 | Universal_Studios | To raise money, Seagram head Edgar Bronfman Jr. sold Universal's television holdings, including cable network USA, to Barry Diller (these same properties would be bought back later at greatly inflated prices). In June 2000, Seagram was sold to French water utility and media company Vivendi, which owned StudioCanal; the... | What StudioCanal film received an Academy Award nomination? | {
"text": [
"Mulholland Drive"
],
"answer_start": [
494
]
} |
56e169e1cd28a01900c678ad | Universal_Studios | Burdened with debt, in 2004 Vivendi Universal sold 80% of Vivendi Universal Entertainment (including the studio and theme parks) to General Electric, parent of NBC. The resulting media super-conglomerate was renamed NBCUniversal, while Universal Studios Inc. remained the name of the production subsidiary. After that de... | Who bought 80% of Vivendi Universal Entertainment in 2004? | {
"text": [
"General Electric"
],
"answer_start": [
132
]
} |
56e169e1cd28a01900c678ae | Universal_Studios | Burdened with debt, in 2004 Vivendi Universal sold 80% of Vivendi Universal Entertainment (including the studio and theme parks) to General Electric, parent of NBC. The resulting media super-conglomerate was renamed NBCUniversal, while Universal Studios Inc. remained the name of the production subsidiary. After that de... | What percentage of NBC Universal was owned by Vivendi until 2011? | {
"text": [
"20%"
],
"answer_start": [
382
]
} |
56e169e1cd28a01900c678af | Universal_Studios | Burdened with debt, in 2004 Vivendi Universal sold 80% of Vivendi Universal Entertainment (including the studio and theme parks) to General Electric, parent of NBC. The resulting media super-conglomerate was renamed NBCUniversal, while Universal Studios Inc. remained the name of the production subsidiary. After that de... | Who bought 51% of NBC Universal in 2011? | {
"text": [
"Comcast"
],
"answer_start": [
528
]
} |
56e169e1cd28a01900c678b0 | Universal_Studios | Burdened with debt, in 2004 Vivendi Universal sold 80% of Vivendi Universal Entertainment (including the studio and theme parks) to General Electric, parent of NBC. The resulting media super-conglomerate was renamed NBCUniversal, while Universal Studios Inc. remained the name of the production subsidiary. After that de... | In what month and year did Comcast buy 49% of NBCUniversal? | {
"text": [
"March 2013"
],
"answer_start": [
773
]
} |
56e169e1cd28a01900c678b1 | Universal_Studios | Burdened with debt, in 2004 Vivendi Universal sold 80% of Vivendi Universal Entertainment (including the studio and theme parks) to General Electric, parent of NBC. The resulting media super-conglomerate was renamed NBCUniversal, while Universal Studios Inc. remained the name of the production subsidiary. After that de... | How much did Comcast pay for 49% of NBCUniversal in 2013? | {
"text": [
"$16.7 billion"
],
"answer_start": [
838
]
} |
56e16a5ecd28a01900c678bd | Universal_Studios | In late 2005, Viacom's Paramount Pictures acquired DreamWorks SKG after acquisition talks between GE and DreamWorks stalled. Universal's long time chairperson, Stacey Snider, left the company in early 2006 to head up DreamWorks. Snider was replaced by then-Vice Chairman Marc Shmuger and Focus Features head David Linde.... | In what year did Paramount Pictures purchase DreamWorks? | {
"text": [
"2005"
],
"answer_start": [
8
]
} |
56e16a5ecd28a01900c678be | Universal_Studios | In late 2005, Viacom's Paramount Pictures acquired DreamWorks SKG after acquisition talks between GE and DreamWorks stalled. Universal's long time chairperson, Stacey Snider, left the company in early 2006 to head up DreamWorks. Snider was replaced by then-Vice Chairman Marc Shmuger and Focus Features head David Linde.... | What Universal chairperson headed DreamWorks as of 2006? | {
"text": [
"Stacey Snider"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
} |
56e16a5ecd28a01900c678bf | Universal_Studios | In late 2005, Viacom's Paramount Pictures acquired DreamWorks SKG after acquisition talks between GE and DreamWorks stalled. Universal's long time chairperson, Stacey Snider, left the company in early 2006 to head up DreamWorks. Snider was replaced by then-Vice Chairman Marc Shmuger and Focus Features head David Linde.... | Who became the chairperson in late 2009? | {
"text": [
"Adam Fogelson"
],
"answer_start": [
488
]
} |
56e16a5ecd28a01900c678c0 | Universal_Studios | In late 2005, Viacom's Paramount Pictures acquired DreamWorks SKG after acquisition talks between GE and DreamWorks stalled. Universal's long time chairperson, Stacey Snider, left the company in early 2006 to head up DreamWorks. Snider was replaced by then-Vice Chairman Marc Shmuger and Focus Features head David Linde.... | Who was the founder of Universal Partnerships & Licensing? | {
"text": [
"Stephanie Sperber"
],
"answer_start": [
592
]
} |
56e16a5ecd28a01900c678c1 | Universal_Studios | In late 2005, Viacom's Paramount Pictures acquired DreamWorks SKG after acquisition talks between GE and DreamWorks stalled. Universal's long time chairperson, Stacey Snider, left the company in early 2006 to head up DreamWorks. Snider was replaced by then-Vice Chairman Marc Shmuger and Focus Features head David Linde.... | Who became chairperson of Universal Pictures in September 2013? | {
"text": [
"Donna Langley"
],
"answer_start": [
535
]
} |
56e16abbe3433e1400422ee0 | Universal_Studios | Universal's multi-year film financing deal with Elliott Management expired in 2013. In July 2013, Universal made an agreement with Legendary Pictures to market, co-finance, and distribute Legendary's films for five years starting in 2014, the year that Legendary's similar agreement with Warner Bros. expires. | Universal's deal with what company ended in 2013? | {
"text": [
"Elliott Management"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} |
56e16abbe3433e1400422ee1 | Universal_Studios | Universal's multi-year film financing deal with Elliott Management expired in 2013. In July 2013, Universal made an agreement with Legendary Pictures to market, co-finance, and distribute Legendary's films for five years starting in 2014, the year that Legendary's similar agreement with Warner Bros. expires. | With whom did Universal sign a marketing and distribution deal in July 2013? | {
"text": [
"Legendary Pictures"
],
"answer_start": [
131
]
} |
56e16abbe3433e1400422ee2 | Universal_Studios | Universal's multi-year film financing deal with Elliott Management expired in 2013. In July 2013, Universal made an agreement with Legendary Pictures to market, co-finance, and distribute Legendary's films for five years starting in 2014, the year that Legendary's similar agreement with Warner Bros. expires. | How many years is the deal with Legendary Pictures intended to run? | {
"text": [
"five years"
],
"answer_start": [
210
]
} |
56e16abbe3433e1400422ee3 | Universal_Studios | Universal's multi-year film financing deal with Elliott Management expired in 2013. In July 2013, Universal made an agreement with Legendary Pictures to market, co-finance, and distribute Legendary's films for five years starting in 2014, the year that Legendary's similar agreement with Warner Bros. expires. | In what year did Universal's deal with Legendary Pictures begin? | {
"text": [
"2014"
],
"answer_start": [
233
]
} |
56e16b3de3433e1400422ee9 | Universal_Studios | In June 2014, Universal Partnerships took over licensing consumer products for NBC and Sprout with expectation that all licensing would eventually be centralized within NBCUniversal. In May 2015, Gramercy Pictures was revived by Focus Features as a genre label, that concentrated on action, sci-fi, and horror films. | What film studio was brought back in May 2015? | {
"text": [
"Gramercy Pictures"
],
"answer_start": [
196
]
} |
56e16b3de3433e1400422eea | Universal_Studios | In June 2014, Universal Partnerships took over licensing consumer products for NBC and Sprout with expectation that all licensing would eventually be centralized within NBCUniversal. In May 2015, Gramercy Pictures was revived by Focus Features as a genre label, that concentrated on action, sci-fi, and horror films. | What division of NBCUniversal revived Gramercy Pictures? | {
"text": [
"Focus Features"
],
"answer_start": [
229
]
} |
56e16b3de3433e1400422eeb | Universal_Studios | In June 2014, Universal Partnerships took over licensing consumer products for NBC and Sprout with expectation that all licensing would eventually be centralized within NBCUniversal. In May 2015, Gramercy Pictures was revived by Focus Features as a genre label, that concentrated on action, sci-fi, and horror films. | What genre of films will Gramercy be responsible for creating? | {
"text": [
"action, sci-fi, and horror"
],
"answer_start": [
283
]
} |
56e16ba5cd28a01900c678e7 | Universal_Studios | As of 2015, Universal is the only studio to have released three billion-dollar films in one year; this distinction was achieved in 2015 with Furious 7, Jurassic World and Minions. | In what year did Universal release three billion-dollar films? | {
"text": [
"2015"
],
"answer_start": [
6
]
} |
56e16ba5cd28a01900c678e8 | Universal_Studios | As of 2015, Universal is the only studio to have released three billion-dollar films in one year; this distinction was achieved in 2015 with Furious 7, Jurassic World and Minions. | Along with Jurassic World and Furious 7, what billion-dollar film was released by Universal in 2015? | {
"text": [
"Minions"
],
"answer_start": [
171
]
} |
56e16ba5cd28a01900c678e9 | Universal_Studios | As of 2015, Universal is the only studio to have released three billion-dollar films in one year; this distinction was achieved in 2015 with Furious 7, Jurassic World and Minions. | How many studios have released three billion-dollar films in one year? | {
"text": [
"Universal is the only studio"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
} |
56e16c15cd28a01900c678f7 | Universal_Studios | In the early 1950s, Universal set up its own distribution company in France, and in the late 1960s, the company also started a production company in Paris, Universal Productions France S.A., although sometimes credited by the name of the distribution company, Universal Pictures France. Except for the two first films it... | What was the name of the Universal production company based in Paris? | {
"text": [
"Universal Productions France S.A."
],
"answer_start": [
156
]
} |
56e16c15cd28a01900c678f8 | Universal_Studios | In the early 1950s, Universal set up its own distribution company in France, and in the late 1960s, the company also started a production company in Paris, Universal Productions France S.A., although sometimes credited by the name of the distribution company, Universal Pictures France. Except for the two first films it... | What was the name of Universal's French distribution company? | {
"text": [
"Universal Pictures France"
],
"answer_start": [
260
]
} |
56e16c15cd28a01900c678f9 | Universal_Studios | In the early 1950s, Universal set up its own distribution company in France, and in the late 1960s, the company also started a production company in Paris, Universal Productions France S.A., although sometimes credited by the name of the distribution company, Universal Pictures France. Except for the two first films it... | What was the English title of Le scandale? | {
"text": [
"The Champagne Murders"
],
"answer_start": [
375
]
} |
56e16c15cd28a01900c678fa | Universal_Studios | In the early 1950s, Universal set up its own distribution company in France, and in the late 1960s, the company also started a production company in Paris, Universal Productions France S.A., although sometimes credited by the name of the distribution company, Universal Pictures France. Except for the two first films it... | Who directed The Day of the Jackal? | {
"text": [
"Fred Zinnemann"
],
"answer_start": [
672
]
} |
56e16c15cd28a01900c678fb | Universal_Studios | In the early 1950s, Universal set up its own distribution company in France, and in the late 1960s, the company also started a production company in Paris, Universal Productions France S.A., although sometimes credited by the name of the distribution company, Universal Pictures France. Except for the two first films it... | What film was known in English as Going Places? | {
"text": [
"Les Valseuses"
],
"answer_start": [
624
]
} |
56e3a635e375b8140053a3cc | Estonian_language | Estonian (eesti keel [ˈeːsti ˈkeːl] ( listen)) is the official language of Estonia, spoken natively by about 1.1 million people in Estonia and tens of thousands in various migrant communities. It belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic language family. | What country has Estonian as its official language? | {
"text": [
"Estonian"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
56e3a636e375b8140053a3cd | Estonian_language | Estonian (eesti keel [ˈeːsti ˈkeːl] ( listen)) is the official language of Estonia, spoken natively by about 1.1 million people in Estonia and tens of thousands in various migrant communities. It belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic language family. | In Estonia how many people speak Estonian as their native language | {
"text": [
"1.1 million"
],
"answer_start": [
109
]
} |
56e3a636e375b8140053a3ce | Estonian_language | Estonian (eesti keel [ˈeːsti ˈkeːl] ( listen)) is the official language of Estonia, spoken natively by about 1.1 million people in Estonia and tens of thousands in various migrant communities. It belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic language family. | Of what language family is Estonian a part of? | {
"text": [
"Uralic"
],
"answer_start": [
232
]
} |
56e3a636e375b8140053a3cf | Estonian_language | Estonian (eesti keel [ˈeːsti ˈkeːl] ( listen)) is the official language of Estonia, spoken natively by about 1.1 million people in Estonia and tens of thousands in various migrant communities. It belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic language family. | On which branch of Uralic language family can Estonian be found? | {
"text": [
"Finnic"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
} |
56e3a636e375b8140053a3d0 | Estonian_language | Estonian (eesti keel [ˈeːsti ˈkeːl] ( listen)) is the official language of Estonia, spoken natively by about 1.1 million people in Estonia and tens of thousands in various migrant communities. It belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic language family. | How many estimated non native speakers of Estonian are there in Estonia? | {
"text": [
"tens of thousands"
],
"answer_start": [
143
]
} |
56e3a745d654871900275377 | Estonian_language | One distinctive feature that has caused a great amount of interest among linguists is what is traditionally seen as three degrees of phonemic length: short, long, and "overlong", such that /sɑdɑ/, /sɑˑdɑ/ and /sɑːdɑ/ are distinct. In actuality, the distinction is not purely in the phonemic length, and the underlying ph... | Who is interested in the degrees of phonemic length? | {
"text": [
"linguists"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} |
56e3a745d654871900275378 | Estonian_language | One distinctive feature that has caused a great amount of interest among linguists is what is traditionally seen as three degrees of phonemic length: short, long, and "overlong", such that /sɑdɑ/, /sɑˑdɑ/ and /sɑːdɑ/ are distinct. In actuality, the distinction is not purely in the phonemic length, and the underlying ph... | What are the phonemic length's three degrees? | {
"text": [
"short, long, and \"overlong\""
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
} |
56e3a745d654871900275379 | Estonian_language | One distinctive feature that has caused a great amount of interest among linguists is what is traditionally seen as three degrees of phonemic length: short, long, and "overlong", such that /sɑdɑ/, /sɑˑdɑ/ and /sɑːdɑ/ are distinct. In actuality, the distinction is not purely in the phonemic length, and the underlying ph... | What is a matter of dispute among linguists regarding the distinction? | {
"text": [
"the underlying phonological mechanism"
],
"answer_start": [
303
]
} |
56e3a830e375b8140053a3d6 | Estonian_language | Estonian belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages, along with Finnish, Karelian, and other nearby languages. The Uralic languages do not belong to the Indo-European languages. Estonian is distantly related to Hungarian and to the Sami languages. | What Uralic language branch contains Estonian? | {
"text": [
"Finnic"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} |
56e3a830e375b8140053a3d7 | Estonian_language | Estonian belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages, along with Finnish, Karelian, and other nearby languages. The Uralic languages do not belong to the Indo-European languages. Estonian is distantly related to Hungarian and to the Sami languages. | What are two other languages in the Finnic branch? | {
"text": [
"Finnish, Karelian"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} |
56e3a830e375b8140053a3d8 | Estonian_language | Estonian belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages, along with Finnish, Karelian, and other nearby languages. The Uralic languages do not belong to the Indo-European languages. Estonian is distantly related to Hungarian and to the Sami languages. | What language group is Estonian not a part of? | {
"text": [
"Indo-European languages"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
} |
56e3a830e375b8140053a3d9 | Estonian_language | Estonian belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages, along with Finnish, Karelian, and other nearby languages. The Uralic languages do not belong to the Indo-European languages. Estonian is distantly related to Hungarian and to the Sami languages. | What languages are related to Estonian but not closely? | {
"text": [
"Hungarian and to the Sami languages"
],
"answer_start": [
221
]
} |
56e3a927e375b8140053a3df | Estonian_language | Estonian has been influenced by Swedish, German (initially Middle Low German, which was the lingua franca of the Hanseatic League and spoken natively in the territories of what is today known as Estonia by a sizeable burgher community of Baltic Germans, later Estonian was also influenced by standard German), and Russia... | Who spoke German in what came to be known as Estonia? | {
"text": [
"Baltic Germans"
],
"answer_start": [
238
]
} |
56e3a927e375b8140053a3e0 | Estonian_language | Estonian has been influenced by Swedish, German (initially Middle Low German, which was the lingua franca of the Hanseatic League and spoken natively in the territories of what is today known as Estonia by a sizeable burgher community of Baltic Germans, later Estonian was also influenced by standard German), and Russia... | Aside from standard German what German language influenced Estonian? | {
"text": [
"Middle Low German"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
} |
56e3b0128c00841900fbaed5 | Estonian_language | Like Finnish and Hungarian, Estonian is a somewhat agglutinative language, but unlike them, it has lost vowel harmony, the front vowels occurring exclusively on the first or stressed syllable, although in older texts the vowel harmony can still be recognized. Furthermore, the apocope of word-final sounds is extensive a... | What kind of harmony has Estonian lost? | {
"text": [
"vowel"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} |
56e3b0128c00841900fbaed6 | Estonian_language | Like Finnish and Hungarian, Estonian is a somewhat agglutinative language, but unlike them, it has lost vowel harmony, the front vowels occurring exclusively on the first or stressed syllable, although in older texts the vowel harmony can still be recognized. Furthermore, the apocope of word-final sounds is extensive a... | What language feature does Estonian, Finish and Hungarian share? | {
"text": [
"agglutinative"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} |
56e3b0128c00841900fbaed7 | Estonian_language | Like Finnish and Hungarian, Estonian is a somewhat agglutinative language, but unlike them, it has lost vowel harmony, the front vowels occurring exclusively on the first or stressed syllable, although in older texts the vowel harmony can still be recognized. Furthermore, the apocope of word-final sounds is extensive a... | In what order are words put in sentences in the Estonian language? | {
"text": [
"subject–verb–object"
],
"answer_start": [
443
]
} |
56e3bb5d39bdeb14003478d4 | Estonian_language | The two different historical Estonian languages (sometimes considered dialects), the North and South Estonian languages, are based on the ancestors of modern Estonians' migration into the territory of Estonia in at least two different waves, both groups speaking considerably different Finnic vernaculars. Modern standar... | What was the minimum number of waves through which modern Estonians migrated into Estonia? | {
"text": [
"two"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} |
56e3bb5d39bdeb14003478d5 | Estonian_language | The two different historical Estonian languages (sometimes considered dialects), the North and South Estonian languages, are based on the ancestors of modern Estonians' migration into the territory of Estonia in at least two different waves, both groups speaking considerably different Finnic vernaculars. Modern standar... | What are the names of the two separate Estonian languages? | {
"text": [
"North and South Estonian languages"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
} |
56e3bbe839bdeb14003478da | Estonian_language | The domination of Estonia after the Northern Crusades, from the 13th century to 1918 by Denmark, Germany, Sweden, and Russia delayed indigenous literacy in Estonia.[citation needed] | When did the Northern Crusades happen? | {
"text": [
"13th century to 1918"
],
"answer_start": [
64
]
} |
56e3bbe839bdeb14003478db | Estonian_language | The domination of Estonia after the Northern Crusades, from the 13th century to 1918 by Denmark, Germany, Sweden, and Russia delayed indigenous literacy in Estonia.[citation needed] | Which countries took part in the Northern Crusades? | {
"text": [
"Denmark, Germany, Sweden, and Russia"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} |
56e3bbe839bdeb14003478dc | Estonian_language | The domination of Estonia after the Northern Crusades, from the 13th century to 1918 by Denmark, Germany, Sweden, and Russia delayed indigenous literacy in Estonia.[citation needed] | Following the crusades which country was dominated? | {
"text": [
"Estonia"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} |
56e3bbe839bdeb14003478dd | Estonian_language | The domination of Estonia after the Northern Crusades, from the 13th century to 1918 by Denmark, Germany, Sweden, and Russia delayed indigenous literacy in Estonia.[citation needed] | What did the aftermath of the crusades end up delaying in Estonia? | {
"text": [
"indigenous literacy"
],
"answer_start": [
133
]
} |
56e3bca239bdeb14003478e2 | Estonian_language | The oldest written records of the Finnic languages of Estonia date from the 13th century. Originates Livoniae in Chronicle of Henry of Livonia contains Estonian place names, words and fragments of sentences. | How far back do the first written records of Estonia's Finnic languages go? | {
"text": [
"13th century"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
} |
56e3bca239bdeb14003478e3 | Estonian_language | The oldest written records of the Finnic languages of Estonia date from the 13th century. Originates Livoniae in Chronicle of Henry of Livonia contains Estonian place names, words and fragments of sentences. | Where can records of Estonian place names be found? | {
"text": [
"Originates Livoniae"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} |
56e3bca239bdeb14003478e4 | Estonian_language | The oldest written records of the Finnic languages of Estonia date from the 13th century. Originates Livoniae in Chronicle of Henry of Livonia contains Estonian place names, words and fragments of sentences. | Which Chronicle contains the Originates Livoniae? | {
"text": [
"Chronicle of Henry of Livonia"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} |
56e3bca239bdeb14003478e5 | Estonian_language | The oldest written records of the Finnic languages of Estonia date from the 13th century. Originates Livoniae in Chronicle of Henry of Livonia contains Estonian place names, words and fragments of sentences. | Aside from place names what else from the Estonian language can be found in the Originates Livoniae in Chronicle of Henry of Livonia? | {
"text": [
"words and fragments of sentences."
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
} |
56e3bd8e8c00841900fbaedb | Estonian_language | The earliest extant samples of connected (north) Estonian are the so-called Kullamaa prayers dating from 1524 and 1528. In 1525 the first book published in the Estonian language was printed. The book was a Lutheran manuscript, which never reached the reader and was destroyed immediately after publication. | What was the first Estonian language book to be published? | {
"text": [
"a Lutheran manuscript"
],
"answer_start": [
204
]
} |
56e3bd8e8c00841900fbaedc | Estonian_language | The earliest extant samples of connected (north) Estonian are the so-called Kullamaa prayers dating from 1524 and 1528. In 1525 the first book published in the Estonian language was printed. The book was a Lutheran manuscript, which never reached the reader and was destroyed immediately after publication. | When were the Kallamaa prayers written? | {
"text": [
"1524 and 1528"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
} |
56e3bd8e8c00841900fbaedd | Estonian_language | The earliest extant samples of connected (north) Estonian are the so-called Kullamaa prayers dating from 1524 and 1528. In 1525 the first book published in the Estonian language was printed. The book was a Lutheran manuscript, which never reached the reader and was destroyed immediately after publication. | What was the fate of the Lutheran manuscript printed in 1525? | {
"text": [
"destroyed"
],
"answer_start": [
266
]
} |
56e3bd8e8c00841900fbaede | Estonian_language | The earliest extant samples of connected (north) Estonian are the so-called Kullamaa prayers dating from 1524 and 1528. In 1525 the first book published in the Estonian language was printed. The book was a Lutheran manuscript, which never reached the reader and was destroyed immediately after publication. | At what point in its existence was the Lutheran manuscript destroyed? | {
"text": [
"immediately after publication"
],
"answer_start": [
276
]
} |
56e3c1098c00841900fbaee3 | Estonian_language | The first extant Estonian book is a bilingual German-Estonian translation of the Lutheran catechism by S. Wanradt and J. Koell dating to 1535, during the Protestant Reformation period. An Estonian grammar book to be used by priests was printed in German in 1637. The New Testament was translated into southern Estonian i... | What two people are responsible for the first still in existence book in the Estonian Language? | {
"text": [
"S. Wanradt and J. Koell"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} |
56e3c1098c00841900fbaee4 | Estonian_language | The first extant Estonian book is a bilingual German-Estonian translation of the Lutheran catechism by S. Wanradt and J. Koell dating to 1535, during the Protestant Reformation period. An Estonian grammar book to be used by priests was printed in German in 1637. The New Testament was translated into southern Estonian i... | In what year was S. Wanradt and J. Koell's book written? | {
"text": [
"1535"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
56e3c1098c00841900fbaee5 | Estonian_language | The first extant Estonian book is a bilingual German-Estonian translation of the Lutheran catechism by S. Wanradt and J. Koell dating to 1535, during the Protestant Reformation period. An Estonian grammar book to be used by priests was printed in German in 1637. The New Testament was translated into southern Estonian i... | What type of book was it? | {
"text": [
"bilingual German-Estonian translation of the Lutheran catechism"
],
"answer_start": [
36
]
} |
56e3c1098c00841900fbaee6 | Estonian_language | The first extant Estonian book is a bilingual German-Estonian translation of the Lutheran catechism by S. Wanradt and J. Koell dating to 1535, during the Protestant Reformation period. An Estonian grammar book to be used by priests was printed in German in 1637. The New Testament was translated into southern Estonian i... | What book specifically for the use of priests was printed in Estonian? | {
"text": [
"An Estonian grammar book"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} |
56e3c1098c00841900fbaee7 | Estonian_language | The first extant Estonian book is a bilingual German-Estonian translation of the Lutheran catechism by S. Wanradt and J. Koell dating to 1535, during the Protestant Reformation period. An Estonian grammar book to be used by priests was printed in German in 1637. The New Testament was translated into southern Estonian i... | What year was the priests' grammar book put into print? | {
"text": [
"1637"
],
"answer_start": [
257
]
} |
56e3c21939bdeb14003478ea | Estonian_language | The birth of native Estonian literature was in 1810 to 1820 when the patriotic and philosophical poems by Kristjan Jaak Peterson were published. Peterson, who was the first student at the then German-language University of Dorpat to acknowledge his Estonian origin, is commonly regarded as a herald of Estonian national ... | Which Estonian poet's works were printed from 1810 to 1820? | {
"text": [
"Kristjan Jaak Peterson"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} |
56e3c21939bdeb14003478eb | Estonian_language | The birth of native Estonian literature was in 1810 to 1820 when the patriotic and philosophical poems by Kristjan Jaak Peterson were published. Peterson, who was the first student at the then German-language University of Dorpat to acknowledge his Estonian origin, is commonly regarded as a herald of Estonian national ... | What subjects were Kristjan Jaak Peterson poems on? | {
"text": [
"patriotic and philosophical"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
} |
56e3c21939bdeb14003478ec | Estonian_language | The birth of native Estonian literature was in 1810 to 1820 when the patriotic and philosophical poems by Kristjan Jaak Peterson were published. Peterson, who was the first student at the then German-language University of Dorpat to acknowledge his Estonian origin, is commonly regarded as a herald of Estonian national ... | When was Peterson born? | {
"text": [
"March 14"
],
"answer_start": [
401
]
} |
56e3c21939bdeb14003478ed | Estonian_language | The birth of native Estonian literature was in 1810 to 1820 when the patriotic and philosophical poems by Kristjan Jaak Peterson were published. Peterson, who was the first student at the then German-language University of Dorpat to acknowledge his Estonian origin, is commonly regarded as a herald of Estonian national ... | What is another name given for Peterson's birthday? | {
"text": [
"Mother Tongue Day"
],
"answer_start": [
442
]
} |
56e3c21939bdeb14003478ee | Estonian_language | The birth of native Estonian literature was in 1810 to 1820 when the patriotic and philosophical poems by Kristjan Jaak Peterson were published. Peterson, who was the first student at the then German-language University of Dorpat to acknowledge his Estonian origin, is commonly regarded as a herald of Estonian national ... | What university did Peterson attend? | {
"text": [
"German-language University of Dorpat"
],
"answer_start": [
193
]
} |
56e3c2db39bdeb14003478f4 | Estonian_language | From 1525 to 1917 14,503 titles were published in Estonian, as opposed to the 23,868 titles which were published between 1918 and 1940.[citation needed] | In the years between 1918 and 1940 how many Estonian language books were printed? | {
"text": [
"23,868"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} |
56e3c2db39bdeb14003478f5 | Estonian_language | From 1525 to 1917 14,503 titles were published in Estonian, as opposed to the 23,868 titles which were published between 1918 and 1940.[citation needed] | In the roughly four centuries previous to 1918 how many Estonian language books were printed? | {
"text": [
"14,503"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} |
56e3c2db39bdeb14003478f6 | Estonian_language | From 1525 to 1917 14,503 titles were published in Estonian, as opposed to the 23,868 titles which were published between 1918 and 1940.[citation needed] | In what language were 14,503 books published prior to 1918? | {
"text": [
"Estonian"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} |
56e3c47839bdeb14003478fa | Estonian_language | Writings in Estonian became significant only in the 19th century with the spread of the ideas of the Age of Enlightenment, during the Estophile Enlightenment Period (1750–1840). Although Baltic Germans at large regarded the future of Estonians as being a fusion with themselves, the Estophile educated class admired the ... | What Age's ideas allowed Estonian writings to gain significance? | {
"text": [
"Age of Enlightenment"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} |
56e3c47839bdeb14003478fb | Estonian_language | Writings in Estonian became significant only in the 19th century with the spread of the ideas of the Age of Enlightenment, during the Estophile Enlightenment Period (1750–1840). Although Baltic Germans at large regarded the future of Estonians as being a fusion with themselves, the Estophile educated class admired the ... | Who thought their future would be fused with Estonians? | {
"text": [
"Baltic Germans"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} |
56e3c47839bdeb14003478fc | Estonian_language | Writings in Estonian became significant only in the 19th century with the spread of the ideas of the Age of Enlightenment, during the Estophile Enlightenment Period (1750–1840). Although Baltic Germans at large regarded the future of Estonians as being a fusion with themselves, the Estophile educated class admired the ... | Who had admiration for the ancient Estonian culture? | {
"text": [
"Estophile educated class"
],
"answer_start": [
283
]
} |
56e3c47839bdeb14003478fd | Estonian_language | Writings in Estonian became significant only in the 19th century with the spread of the ideas of the Age of Enlightenment, during the Estophile Enlightenment Period (1750–1840). Although Baltic Germans at large regarded the future of Estonians as being a fusion with themselves, the Estophile educated class admired the ... | Who conquered the ancient Estonians? | {
"text": [
"Danes and Germans"
],
"answer_start": [
402
]
} |
56e3c47839bdeb14003478fe | Estonian_language | Writings in Estonian became significant only in the 19th century with the spread of the ideas of the Age of Enlightenment, during the Estophile Enlightenment Period (1750–1840). Although Baltic Germans at large regarded the future of Estonians as being a fusion with themselves, the Estophile educated class admired the ... | When did the ancient Estonian era of freedom come to an end? | {
"text": [
"13th century"
],
"answer_start": [
427
]
} |
56e3c50e39bdeb1400347904 | Estonian_language | After the Estonian War of Independence in 1919, the Estonian language became the state language of the newly independent country. In 1945, 97.3% of Estonia considered itself ethnic Estonian and spoke the language. | What year did Estonia's War of Independence take place? | {
"text": [
"1919"
],
"answer_start": [
42
]
} |
56e3c50e39bdeb1400347905 | Estonian_language | After the Estonian War of Independence in 1919, the Estonian language became the state language of the newly independent country. In 1945, 97.3% of Estonia considered itself ethnic Estonian and spoke the language. | After Estonia achieved independence what was made their state language? | {
"text": [
"Estonian"
],
"answer_start": [
10
]
} |
56e3c50f39bdeb1400347906 | Estonian_language | After the Estonian War of Independence in 1919, the Estonian language became the state language of the newly independent country. In 1945, 97.3% of Estonia considered itself ethnic Estonian and spoke the language. | What percentage of Estonians thought of themselves as ethnic Estonian's in 1945? | {
"text": [
"97.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} |
56e3c50f39bdeb1400347907 | Estonian_language | After the Estonian War of Independence in 1919, the Estonian language became the state language of the newly independent country. In 1945, 97.3% of Estonia considered itself ethnic Estonian and spoke the language. | What language was spoken by ethnic Estonians? | {
"text": [
"Estonian"
],
"answer_start": [
10
]
} |
56e3c5ce8c00841900fbaeed | Estonian_language | When Estonia was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Union in World War II, the status of the Estonian language changed to the first of two official languages (Russian being the other one). As with Latvia many immigrants entered Estonia under Soviet encouragement. In the second half of the 1970s, the pressure of bilingu... | What happened to Estonia during WWII? | {
"text": [
"invaded and occupied"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} |
56e3c5ce8c00841900fbaeee | Estonian_language | When Estonia was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Union in World War II, the status of the Estonian language changed to the first of two official languages (Russian being the other one). As with Latvia many immigrants entered Estonia under Soviet encouragement. In the second half of the 1970s, the pressure of bilingu... | Who invaded Estonia? | {
"text": [
"Soviet Union"
],
"answer_start": [
45
]
} |
56e3c5ce8c00841900fbaeef | Estonian_language | When Estonia was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Union in World War II, the status of the Estonian language changed to the first of two official languages (Russian being the other one). As with Latvia many immigrants entered Estonia under Soviet encouragement. In the second half of the 1970s, the pressure of bilingu... | After the Soviet invasion what other language became the second official Estonian language? | {
"text": [
"Russian"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} |
56e3c5ce8c00841900fbaef0 | Estonian_language | When Estonia was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Union in World War II, the status of the Estonian language changed to the first of two official languages (Russian being the other one). As with Latvia many immigrants entered Estonia under Soviet encouragement. In the second half of the 1970s, the pressure of bilingu... | What was another country with similar immigration patterns to post Soviet Estonia? | {
"text": [
"Latvia"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
} |
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