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56f8e2679b226e1400dd1184
Gene
Genetic engineering is the modification of an organism's genome through biotechnology. Since the 1970s, a variety of techniques have been developed to specifically add, remove and edit genes in an organism. Recently developed genome engineering techniques use engineered nuclease enzymes to create targeted DNA repair in...
What sort of enzymes do recently developed genome engineering techniques use?
{ "text": [ "engineered nuclease enzymes" ], "answer_start": [ 260 ] }
56f8e2679b226e1400dd1185
Gene
Genetic engineering is the modification of an organism's genome through biotechnology. Since the 1970s, a variety of techniques have been developed to specifically add, remove and edit genes in an organism. Recently developed genome engineering techniques use engineered nuclease enzymes to create targeted DNA repair in...
What sort of DNA repair is created by modern genetic engineering techniques?
{ "text": [ "targeted" ], "answer_start": [ 298 ] }
56f8e2679b226e1400dd1186
Gene
Genetic engineering is the modification of an organism's genome through biotechnology. Since the 1970s, a variety of techniques have been developed to specifically add, remove and edit genes in an organism. Recently developed genome engineering techniques use engineered nuclease enzymes to create targeted DNA repair in...
What term refers to extensive genetic engineering of an organism?
{ "text": [ "synthetic biology" ], "answer_start": [ 412 ] }
56f8e37f9b226e1400dd1194
Gene
Genetic engineering is now a routine research tool with model organisms. For example, genes are easily added to bacteria and lineages of knockout mice with a specific gene's function disrupted are used to investigate that gene's function. Many organisms have been genetically modified for applications in agriculture, in...
What has become a common research tool with model organisms?
{ "text": [ "Genetic engineering" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
56f8e37f9b226e1400dd1195
Gene
Genetic engineering is now a routine research tool with model organisms. For example, genes are easily added to bacteria and lineages of knockout mice with a specific gene's function disrupted are used to investigate that gene's function. Many organisms have been genetically modified for applications in agriculture, in...
What do scientists explore by adding genes to mice with a certain gene's function disrupted?
{ "text": [ "that gene's function" ], "answer_start": [ 217 ] }
56f8e37f9b226e1400dd1196
Gene
Genetic engineering is now a routine research tool with model organisms. For example, genes are easily added to bacteria and lineages of knockout mice with a specific gene's function disrupted are used to investigate that gene's function. Many organisms have been genetically modified for applications in agriculture, in...
What is an application for which organisms have been modified for?
{ "text": [ "agriculture" ], "answer_start": [ 305 ] }
56f8e37f9b226e1400dd1197
Gene
Genetic engineering is now a routine research tool with model organisms. For example, genes are easily added to bacteria and lineages of knockout mice with a specific gene's function disrupted are used to investigate that gene's function. Many organisms have been genetically modified for applications in agriculture, in...
What is another for which organisms have been modified for?
{ "text": [ "industrial biotechnology" ], "answer_start": [ 318 ] }
56f8e37f9b226e1400dd1198
Gene
Genetic engineering is now a routine research tool with model organisms. For example, genes are easily added to bacteria and lineages of knockout mice with a specific gene's function disrupted are used to investigate that gene's function. Many organisms have been genetically modified for applications in agriculture, in...
What is yet another application for which organisms have been modified for?
{ "text": [ "medicine" ], "answer_start": [ 348 ] }
56f8e4e39e9bad19000a06b6
Gene
For multicellular organisms, typically the embryo is engineered which grows into the adult genetically modified organism. However, the genomes of cells in an adult organism can be edited using gene therapy techniques to treat genetic diseases.
For what sort of organisms is the embryo normally engineered?
{ "text": [ "multicellular organisms" ], "answer_start": [ 4 ] }
56f8e4e39e9bad19000a06b7
Gene
For multicellular organisms, typically the embryo is engineered which grows into the adult genetically modified organism. However, the genomes of cells in an adult organism can be edited using gene therapy techniques to treat genetic diseases.
What techniques can be used to alter the genomes of an adult organism to treat genetic disease?
{ "text": [ "gene therapy techniques" ], "answer_start": [ 193 ] }
56f8e4e39e9bad19000a06b8
Gene
For multicellular organisms, typically the embryo is engineered which grows into the adult genetically modified organism. However, the genomes of cells in an adult organism can be edited using gene therapy techniques to treat genetic diseases.
What part of the organism is usually created which becomes a developed genetically altered organism?
{ "text": [ "the embryo" ], "answer_start": [ 39 ] }
56f8e4e39e9bad19000a06b9
Gene
For multicellular organisms, typically the embryo is engineered which grows into the adult genetically modified organism. However, the genomes of cells in an adult organism can be edited using gene therapy techniques to treat genetic diseases.
What can be changed in an adult organism using gene therapy techniques?
{ "text": [ "the genomes of cells" ], "answer_start": [ 131 ] }
56f8e4e39e9bad19000a06ba
Gene
For multicellular organisms, typically the embryo is engineered which grows into the adult genetically modified organism. However, the genomes of cells in an adult organism can be edited using gene therapy techniques to treat genetic diseases.
What can be treated using genetic engineering?
{ "text": [ "genetic diseases" ], "answer_start": [ 226 ] }
56f89ee99b226e1400dd0cd5
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau (i/ˈɡɪni bɪˈsaʊ/, GI-nee-bi-SOW), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (Portuguese: República da Guiné-Bissau, pronounced: [ʁeˈpublikɐ dɐ ɡiˈnɛ biˈsaw]), is a country in West Africa. It covers 36,125 square kilometres (13,948 sq mi) with an estimated population of 1,704,000.
What is the official name for Guinea-Bissau?
{ "text": [ "the Republic of Guinea-Bissau" ], "answer_start": [ 59 ] }
56f89ee99b226e1400dd0cd6
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau (i/ˈɡɪni bɪˈsaʊ/, GI-nee-bi-SOW), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (Portuguese: República da Guiné-Bissau, pronounced: [ʁeˈpublikɐ dɐ ɡiˈnɛ biˈsaw]), is a country in West Africa. It covers 36,125 square kilometres (13,948 sq mi) with an estimated population of 1,704,000.
Where is Guinea-Bissau located?
{ "text": [ "West Africa" ], "answer_start": [ 188 ] }
56f89ee99b226e1400dd0cd7
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau (i/ˈɡɪni bɪˈsaʊ/, GI-nee-bi-SOW), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (Portuguese: República da Guiné-Bissau, pronounced: [ʁeˈpublikɐ dɐ ɡiˈnɛ biˈsaw]), is a country in West Africa. It covers 36,125 square kilometres (13,948 sq mi) with an estimated population of 1,704,000.
How many square miles is Guinea-Bissau?
{ "text": [ "13,948 sq mi" ], "answer_start": [ 237 ] }
56f89ee99b226e1400dd0cd8
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau (i/ˈɡɪni bɪˈsaʊ/, GI-nee-bi-SOW), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (Portuguese: República da Guiné-Bissau, pronounced: [ʁeˈpublikɐ dɐ ɡiˈnɛ biˈsaw]), is a country in West Africa. It covers 36,125 square kilometres (13,948 sq mi) with an estimated population of 1,704,000.
What is the estimated population of Guinea-Bissau?
{ "text": [ "1,704,000" ], "answer_start": [ 283 ] }
56f89ee99b226e1400dd0cd9
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau (i/ˈɡɪni bɪˈsaʊ/, GI-nee-bi-SOW), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (Portuguese: República da Guiné-Bissau, pronounced: [ʁeˈpublikɐ dɐ ɡiˈnɛ biˈsaw]), is a country in West Africa. It covers 36,125 square kilometres (13,948 sq mi) with an estimated population of 1,704,000.
How many kilometers does Guinea-Bissau cover?
{ "text": [ "36,125" ], "answer_start": [ 211 ] }
56f89fcd9e9bad19000a01ed
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, as well as part of the Mali Empire. Parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century, while a few others were under some rule by the Portuguese Empire since the 16th century. In the 19th century, it was colonized as Portuguese Guinea. Upon independence, declared...
What kingdom was Guinea-Bissau once part of?
{ "text": [ "Gabu" ], "answer_start": [ 46 ] }
56f89fcd9e9bad19000a01ee
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, as well as part of the Mali Empire. Parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century, while a few others were under some rule by the Portuguese Empire since the 16th century. In the 19th century, it was colonized as Portuguese Guinea. Upon independence, declared...
What empire was Guinea-Bissau once part of?
{ "text": [ "Mali Empire" ], "answer_start": [ 75 ] }
56f89fcd9e9bad19000a01ef
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, as well as part of the Mali Empire. Parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century, while a few others were under some rule by the Portuguese Empire since the 16th century. In the 19th century, it was colonized as Portuguese Guinea. Upon independence, declared...
What year was Guinea-Bissau declared independent?
{ "text": [ "1973" ], "answer_start": [ 324 ] }
56f89fcd9e9bad19000a01f0
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, as well as part of the Mali Empire. Parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century, while a few others were under some rule by the Portuguese Empire since the 16th century. In the 19th century, it was colonized as Portuguese Guinea. Upon independence, declared...
What country did Guinea-Bissau seek to differentiate itself from?
{ "text": [ "Guinea (formerly French Guinea)" ], "answer_start": [ 444 ] }
56f89fcd9e9bad19000a01f1
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, as well as part of the Mali Empire. Parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century, while a few others were under some rule by the Portuguese Empire since the 16th century. In the 19th century, it was colonized as Portuguese Guinea. Upon independence, declared...
Guinea-Bissau has a history of what since independence?
{ "text": [ "political instability" ], "answer_start": [ 508 ] }
56f8a0a89b226e1400dd0cf9
Guinea-Bissau
Only 14% of the population speaks Portuguese, established as the official language in the colonial period. Almost half the population (44%) speaks Crioulo, a Portuguese-based creole language, and the remainder speak a variety of native African languages. The main religions are African traditional religions and Islam; t...
What percentage of the population speaks Portuguese?
{ "text": [ "14%" ], "answer_start": [ 5 ] }
56f8a0a89b226e1400dd0cfa
Guinea-Bissau
Only 14% of the population speaks Portuguese, established as the official language in the colonial period. Almost half the population (44%) speaks Crioulo, a Portuguese-based creole language, and the remainder speak a variety of native African languages. The main religions are African traditional religions and Islam; t...
What percentage of the population speaks Crioulo?
{ "text": [ "44%" ], "answer_start": [ 135 ] }
56f8a0a89b226e1400dd0cfb
Guinea-Bissau
Only 14% of the population speaks Portuguese, established as the official language in the colonial period. Almost half the population (44%) speaks Crioulo, a Portuguese-based creole language, and the remainder speak a variety of native African languages. The main religions are African traditional religions and Islam; t...
What are the two main religions?
{ "text": [ "African traditional religions and Islam" ], "answer_start": [ 278 ] }
56f8a0a89b226e1400dd0cfc
Guinea-Bissau
Only 14% of the population speaks Portuguese, established as the official language in the colonial period. Almost half the population (44%) speaks Crioulo, a Portuguese-based creole language, and the remainder speak a variety of native African languages. The main religions are African traditional religions and Islam; t...
What is their gross domestic product status?
{ "text": [ "one of the lowest in the world" ], "answer_start": [ 425 ] }
56f8a0a89b226e1400dd0cfd
Guinea-Bissau
Only 14% of the population speaks Portuguese, established as the official language in the colonial period. Almost half the population (44%) speaks Crioulo, a Portuguese-based creole language, and the remainder speak a variety of native African languages. The main religions are African traditional religions and Islam; t...
What is the minority religion?
{ "text": [ "Christian (mostly Roman Catholic)" ], "answer_start": [ 330 ] }
56f8a1a49b226e1400dd0d09
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Economic Community of West African States, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Latin Union, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, La Francophonie and the South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone.
What Islamic organization does Guinea-Bissau belong to?
{ "text": [ "Organisation of Islamic Cooperation" ], "answer_start": [ 107 ] }
56f8a1a49b226e1400dd0d0a
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Economic Community of West African States, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Latin Union, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, La Francophonie and the South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone.
What Portuguese organization does Guinea-Bissau belong to?
{ "text": [ "Community of Portuguese Language Countries" ], "answer_start": [ 161 ] }
56f8a1a49b226e1400dd0d0b
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Economic Community of West African States, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Latin Union, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, La Francophonie and the South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone.
What West African organization does Guinea-Bissau belong to?
{ "text": [ "Economic Community of West African States" ], "answer_start": [ 64 ] }
56f8a1a49b226e1400dd0d0c
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Economic Community of West African States, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Latin Union, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, La Francophonie and the South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone.
What South Atlantic organization does Guinea-Bissau belong to?
{ "text": [ "South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone" ], "answer_start": [ 229 ] }
56f8a1a49b226e1400dd0d0d
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Economic Community of West African States, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Latin Union, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, La Francophonie and the South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone.
What Latin organization does Guinea-Bissau belong to?
{ "text": [ "the Latin Union" ], "answer_start": [ 144 ] }
56f8a8539b226e1400dd0d6f
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, part of the Mali Empire; parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century. Other parts of the territory in the current country were considered by the Portuguese as part of their empire. Portuguese Guinea was known as the Slave Coast, as it was a major area for t...
What area was known as the Slave Coast?
{ "text": [ "Portuguese Guinea" ], "answer_start": [ 244 ] }
56f8a8539b226e1400dd0d70
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, part of the Mali Empire; parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century. Other parts of the territory in the current country were considered by the Portuguese as part of their empire. Portuguese Guinea was known as the Slave Coast, as it was a major area for t...
Who exported African slaves to the western hemisphere?
{ "text": [ "Europeans" ], "answer_start": [ 356 ] }
56f8a8539b226e1400dd0d71
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, part of the Mali Empire; parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century. Other parts of the territory in the current country were considered by the Portuguese as part of their empire. Portuguese Guinea was known as the Slave Coast, as it was a major area for t...
What kingdom was Guinea-Bissau once a part of?
{ "text": [ "Gabu" ], "answer_start": [ 46 ] }
56f8a8539b226e1400dd0d72
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, part of the Mali Empire; parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century. Other parts of the territory in the current country were considered by the Portuguese as part of their empire. Portuguese Guinea was known as the Slave Coast, as it was a major area for t...
How long did the Mali Empire persist?
{ "text": [ "until the 18th century" ], "answer_start": [ 109 ] }
56f8a8539b226e1400dd0d73
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, part of the Mali Empire; parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century. Other parts of the territory in the current country were considered by the Portuguese as part of their empire. Portuguese Guinea was known as the Slave Coast, as it was a major area for t...
Who traded slaves into the Middle East?
{ "text": [ "Arabs" ], "answer_start": [ 430 ] }
56f8a93c9b226e1400dd0d85
Guinea-Bissau
Early reports of Europeans reaching this area include those of the Venetian Alvise Cadamosto's voyage of 1455, the 1479–1480 voyage by Flemish-French trader Eustache de la Fosse, and Diogo Cão. In the 1480s this Portuguese explorer reached the Congo River and the lands of Bakongo, setting up the foundations of modern A...
When was Alvise Cadamosto's voyage?
{ "text": [ "1455" ], "answer_start": [ 105 ] }
56f8a93c9b226e1400dd0d86
Guinea-Bissau
Early reports of Europeans reaching this area include those of the Venetian Alvise Cadamosto's voyage of 1455, the 1479–1480 voyage by Flemish-French trader Eustache de la Fosse, and Diogo Cão. In the 1480s this Portuguese explorer reached the Congo River and the lands of Bakongo, setting up the foundations of modern A...
When was Eustache de la Fosse's voyage?
{ "text": [ "1479–1480" ], "answer_start": [ 115 ] }
56f8a93c9b226e1400dd0d87
Guinea-Bissau
Early reports of Europeans reaching this area include those of the Venetian Alvise Cadamosto's voyage of 1455, the 1479–1480 voyage by Flemish-French trader Eustache de la Fosse, and Diogo Cão. In the 1480s this Portuguese explorer reached the Congo River and the lands of Bakongo, setting up the foundations of modern A...
What was the name of the Portuguese explorer?
{ "text": [ "Diogo Cão" ], "answer_start": [ 183 ] }
56f8a93c9b226e1400dd0d88
Guinea-Bissau
Early reports of Europeans reaching this area include those of the Venetian Alvise Cadamosto's voyage of 1455, the 1479–1480 voyage by Flemish-French trader Eustache de la Fosse, and Diogo Cão. In the 1480s this Portuguese explorer reached the Congo River and the lands of Bakongo, setting up the foundations of modern A...
What river did Diogo Cao reach in the 1480's?
{ "text": [ "Congo River" ], "answer_start": [ 244 ] }
56f8a93c9b226e1400dd0d89
Guinea-Bissau
Early reports of Europeans reaching this area include those of the Venetian Alvise Cadamosto's voyage of 1455, the 1479–1480 voyage by Flemish-French trader Eustache de la Fosse, and Diogo Cão. In the 1480s this Portuguese explorer reached the Congo River and the lands of Bakongo, setting up the foundations of modern A...
What country is about 4200 km from Guinea-Bissau?
{ "text": [ "Angola" ], "answer_start": [ 319 ] }
56f8aa3e9e9bad19000a029b
Guinea-Bissau
Although the rivers and coast of this area were among the first places colonized by the Portuguese, who set up trading posts in the 16th century, they did not explore the interior until the 19th century. The local African rulers in Guinea, some of whom prospered greatly from the slave trade, controlled the inland trade...
What areas were the first places colonized by the Portuguese?
{ "text": [ "the rivers and coast" ], "answer_start": [ 9 ] }
56f8aa3e9e9bad19000a029c
Guinea-Bissau
Although the rivers and coast of this area were among the first places colonized by the Portuguese, who set up trading posts in the 16th century, they did not explore the interior until the 19th century. The local African rulers in Guinea, some of whom prospered greatly from the slave trade, controlled the inland trade...
When did the Portuguese first set up trading posts in Guinea-Bissau?
{ "text": [ "16th century" ], "answer_start": [ 132 ] }
56f8aa3e9e9bad19000a029d
Guinea-Bissau
Although the rivers and coast of this area were among the first places colonized by the Portuguese, who set up trading posts in the 16th century, they did not explore the interior until the 19th century. The local African rulers in Guinea, some of whom prospered greatly from the slave trade, controlled the inland trade...
When did the Portuguese explore the interior of Guinea-Bissau?
{ "text": [ "19th century" ], "answer_start": [ 190 ] }
56f8aa3e9e9bad19000a029e
Guinea-Bissau
Although the rivers and coast of this area were among the first places colonized by the Portuguese, who set up trading posts in the 16th century, they did not explore the interior until the 19th century. The local African rulers in Guinea, some of whom prospered greatly from the slave trade, controlled the inland trade...
Who controlled the inland trade in Guinea-Bissau during this time?
{ "text": [ "local African rulers" ], "answer_start": [ 208 ] }
56f8aa3e9e9bad19000a029f
Guinea-Bissau
Although the rivers and coast of this area were among the first places colonized by the Portuguese, who set up trading posts in the 16th century, they did not explore the interior until the 19th century. The local African rulers in Guinea, some of whom prospered greatly from the slave trade, controlled the inland trade...
What ports were the Portuguese restricted to?
{ "text": [ "Bissau and Cacheu" ], "answer_start": [ 637 ] }
56f8abb19e9bad19000a02af
Guinea-Bissau
For a brief period in the 1790s, the British tried to establish a rival foothold on an offshore island, at Bolama. But by the 19th century the Portuguese were sufficiently secure in Bissau to regard the neighbouring coastline as their own special territory, also up north in part of present South Senegal.
Who tried to establish a rival foothold at Bolama?
{ "text": [ "the British" ], "answer_start": [ 33 ] }
56f8abb19e9bad19000a02b0
Guinea-Bissau
For a brief period in the 1790s, the British tried to establish a rival foothold on an offshore island, at Bolama. But by the 19th century the Portuguese were sufficiently secure in Bissau to regard the neighbouring coastline as their own special territory, also up north in part of present South Senegal.
When was a rival foothold attempted at Bolama?
{ "text": [ "the 1790s" ], "answer_start": [ 22 ] }
56f8abb19e9bad19000a02b1
Guinea-Bissau
For a brief period in the 1790s, the British tried to establish a rival foothold on an offshore island, at Bolama. But by the 19th century the Portuguese were sufficiently secure in Bissau to regard the neighbouring coastline as their own special territory, also up north in part of present South Senegal.
Who regarded Bolama as their own in the 19th century?
{ "text": [ "the Portuguese" ], "answer_start": [ 139 ] }
56f8abb19e9bad19000a02b2
Guinea-Bissau
For a brief period in the 1790s, the British tried to establish a rival foothold on an offshore island, at Bolama. But by the 19th century the Portuguese were sufficiently secure in Bissau to regard the neighbouring coastline as their own special territory, also up north in part of present South Senegal.
What other area did the Portuguese regard as their special territory?
{ "text": [ "part of present South Senegal" ], "answer_start": [ 275 ] }
56f8abb19e9bad19000a02b3
Guinea-Bissau
For a brief period in the 1790s, the British tried to establish a rival foothold on an offshore island, at Bolama. But by the 19th century the Portuguese were sufficiently secure in Bissau to regard the neighbouring coastline as their own special territory, also up north in part of present South Senegal.
What rival did the Portuguese fend off in Guinea-Bissau?
{ "text": [ "the British" ], "answer_start": [ 33 ] }
56f8ac9b9e9bad19000a02ca
Guinea-Bissau
An armed rebellion beginning in 1956 by the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC) under the leadership of Amílcar Cabral gradually consolidated its hold on then Portuguese Guinea. Unlike guerrilla movements in other Portuguese colonies, the PAIGC rapidly extended its military control over ...
When did the armed rebellion begin?
{ "text": [ "1956" ], "answer_start": [ 32 ] }
56f8ac9b9e9bad19000a02cb
Guinea-Bissau
An armed rebellion beginning in 1956 by the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC) under the leadership of Amílcar Cabral gradually consolidated its hold on then Portuguese Guinea. Unlike guerrilla movements in other Portuguese colonies, the PAIGC rapidly extended its military control over ...
Who was the leader of the armed rebellion?
{ "text": [ "Amílcar Cabral" ], "answer_start": [ 136 ] }
56f8ac9b9e9bad19000a02cc
Guinea-Bissau
An armed rebellion beginning in 1956 by the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC) under the leadership of Amílcar Cabral gradually consolidated its hold on then Portuguese Guinea. Unlike guerrilla movements in other Portuguese colonies, the PAIGC rapidly extended its military control over ...
Who supplied doctors and technicians to the rebels?
{ "text": [ "Cuba" ], "answer_start": [ 545 ] }
56f8ac9b9e9bad19000a02cd
Guinea-Bissau
An armed rebellion beginning in 1956 by the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC) under the leadership of Amílcar Cabral gradually consolidated its hold on then Portuguese Guinea. Unlike guerrilla movements in other Portuguese colonies, the PAIGC rapidly extended its military control over ...
When was Cabral assassinated?
{ "text": [ "January 1973" ], "answer_start": [ 842 ] }
56f8c6b29e9bad19000a0496
Guinea-Bissau
Independence was unilaterally declared on 24 September 1973. Recognition became universal following the 25 April 1974 socialist-inspired military coup in Portugal, which overthrew Lisbon's Estado Novo regime.
When was independence declared?
{ "text": [ "24 September 1973" ], "answer_start": [ 42 ] }
56f8c6b29e9bad19000a0497
Guinea-Bissau
Independence was unilaterally declared on 24 September 1973. Recognition became universal following the 25 April 1974 socialist-inspired military coup in Portugal, which overthrew Lisbon's Estado Novo regime.
What date was independence considered universal?
{ "text": [ "25 April 1974" ], "answer_start": [ 104 ] }
56f8c6b29e9bad19000a0498
Guinea-Bissau
Independence was unilaterally declared on 24 September 1973. Recognition became universal following the 25 April 1974 socialist-inspired military coup in Portugal, which overthrew Lisbon's Estado Novo regime.
What event caused the recognition to be universal?
{ "text": [ "socialist-inspired military coup" ], "answer_start": [ 118 ] }
56f8c6b29e9bad19000a0499
Guinea-Bissau
Independence was unilaterally declared on 24 September 1973. Recognition became universal following the 25 April 1974 socialist-inspired military coup in Portugal, which overthrew Lisbon's Estado Novo regime.
Where did a coup take place?
{ "text": [ "Portugal" ], "answer_start": [ 154 ] }
56f8c6b29e9bad19000a049a
Guinea-Bissau
Independence was unilaterally declared on 24 September 1973. Recognition became universal following the 25 April 1974 socialist-inspired military coup in Portugal, which overthrew Lisbon's Estado Novo regime.
Who was overthrown in the coup?
{ "text": [ "Lisbon's Estado Novo regime" ], "answer_start": [ 180 ] }
56f8c76e9e9bad19000a04aa
Guinea-Bissau
Luís Cabral, brother of Amílcar and co-founder of PAIGC, was appointed the first President of Guinea-Bissau. Following independence, the PAIGC killed thousands of local Guinean soldiers who had fought along with the Portuguese Army against guerrillas. Some escaped to settle in Portugal or other African nations. One of ...
Who was the first President of Guinea-Bissau?
{ "text": [ "Luís Cabral" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
56f8c76e9e9bad19000a04ab
Guinea-Bissau
Luís Cabral, brother of Amílcar and co-founder of PAIGC, was appointed the first President of Guinea-Bissau. Following independence, the PAIGC killed thousands of local Guinean soldiers who had fought along with the Portuguese Army against guerrillas. Some escaped to settle in Portugal or other African nations. One of ...
How many Guinean soldiers did the PAIGC kill?
{ "text": [ "thousands" ], "answer_start": [ 150 ] }
56f8c76e9e9bad19000a04ac
Guinea-Bissau
Luís Cabral, brother of Amílcar and co-founder of PAIGC, was appointed the first President of Guinea-Bissau. Following independence, the PAIGC killed thousands of local Guinean soldiers who had fought along with the Portuguese Army against guerrillas. Some escaped to settle in Portugal or other African nations. One of ...
Where did one of the massacres occur?
{ "text": [ "Bissorã" ], "answer_start": [ 358 ] }
56f8c76e9e9bad19000a04ad
Guinea-Bissau
Luís Cabral, brother of Amílcar and co-founder of PAIGC, was appointed the first President of Guinea-Bissau. Following independence, the PAIGC killed thousands of local Guinean soldiers who had fought along with the Portuguese Army against guerrillas. Some escaped to settle in Portugal or other African nations. One of ...
When did the PAIGC acknowledge the executions?
{ "text": [ "29 November 1980" ], "answer_start": [ 433 ] }
56f8c76e9e9bad19000a04ae
Guinea-Bissau
Luís Cabral, brother of Amílcar and co-founder of PAIGC, was appointed the first President of Guinea-Bissau. Following independence, the PAIGC killed thousands of local Guinean soldiers who had fought along with the Portuguese Army against guerrillas. Some escaped to settle in Portugal or other African nations. One of ...
Where were the soldiers buried?
{ "text": [ "Cumerá, Portogole, and Mansabá" ], "answer_start": [ 554 ] }
56f8c7fa9b226e1400dd0fcf
Guinea-Bissau
The country was controlled by a revolutionary council until 1984. The first multi-party elections were held in 1994. An army uprising in May 1998 led to the Guinea-Bissau Civil War and the president's ousting in June 1999. Elections were held again in 2000, and Kumba Ialá was elected president.
Who controlled the country prior to 1984?
{ "text": [ "a revolutionary council" ], "answer_start": [ 30 ] }
56f8c7fa9b226e1400dd0fd0
Guinea-Bissau
The country was controlled by a revolutionary council until 1984. The first multi-party elections were held in 1994. An army uprising in May 1998 led to the Guinea-Bissau Civil War and the president's ousting in June 1999. Elections were held again in 2000, and Kumba Ialá was elected president.
When were the first multi-party elections held?
{ "text": [ "1994" ], "answer_start": [ 111 ] }
56f8c7fa9b226e1400dd0fd1
Guinea-Bissau
The country was controlled by a revolutionary council until 1984. The first multi-party elections were held in 1994. An army uprising in May 1998 led to the Guinea-Bissau Civil War and the president's ousting in June 1999. Elections were held again in 2000, and Kumba Ialá was elected president.
What led to the Guinea-Bissau Civil War?
{ "text": [ "An army uprising" ], "answer_start": [ 117 ] }
56f8c7fa9b226e1400dd0fd2
Guinea-Bissau
The country was controlled by a revolutionary council until 1984. The first multi-party elections were held in 1994. An army uprising in May 1998 led to the Guinea-Bissau Civil War and the president's ousting in June 1999. Elections were held again in 2000, and Kumba Ialá was elected president.
When was the president ousted?
{ "text": [ "June 1999" ], "answer_start": [ 212 ] }
56f8c7fa9b226e1400dd0fd3
Guinea-Bissau
The country was controlled by a revolutionary council until 1984. The first multi-party elections were held in 1994. An army uprising in May 1998 led to the Guinea-Bissau Civil War and the president's ousting in June 1999. Elections were held again in 2000, and Kumba Ialá was elected president.
Who was elected president in the 2000 election?
{ "text": [ "Kumba Ialá" ], "answer_start": [ 262 ] }
56f8c8829e9bad19000a04d0
Guinea-Bissau
In September 2003, a military coup was conducted. The military arrested Ialá on the charge of being "unable to solve the problems". After being delayed several times, legislative elections were held in March 2004. A mutiny of military factions in October 2004 resulted in the death of the head of the armed forces and ca...
When was a military coup conducted?
{ "text": [ "September 2003" ], "answer_start": [ 3 ] }
56f8c8829e9bad19000a04d1
Guinea-Bissau
In September 2003, a military coup was conducted. The military arrested Ialá on the charge of being "unable to solve the problems". After being delayed several times, legislative elections were held in March 2004. A mutiny of military factions in October 2004 resulted in the death of the head of the armed forces and ca...
Who did the military arrest?
{ "text": [ "Ialá" ], "answer_start": [ 72 ] }
56f8c8829e9bad19000a04d2
Guinea-Bissau
In September 2003, a military coup was conducted. The military arrested Ialá on the charge of being "unable to solve the problems". After being delayed several times, legislative elections were held in March 2004. A mutiny of military factions in October 2004 resulted in the death of the head of the armed forces and ca...
When were legislative elections held?
{ "text": [ "March 2004" ], "answer_start": [ 202 ] }
56f8c8829e9bad19000a04d3
Guinea-Bissau
In September 2003, a military coup was conducted. The military arrested Ialá on the charge of being "unable to solve the problems". After being delayed several times, legislative elections were held in March 2004. A mutiny of military factions in October 2004 resulted in the death of the head of the armed forces and ca...
When did the mutiny of military factions occur?
{ "text": [ "October 2004" ], "answer_start": [ 247 ] }
56f8c8829e9bad19000a04d4
Guinea-Bissau
In September 2003, a military coup was conducted. The military arrested Ialá on the charge of being "unable to solve the problems". After being delayed several times, legislative elections were held in March 2004. A mutiny of military factions in October 2004 resulted in the death of the head of the armed forces and ca...
Who died in the mutiny?
{ "text": [ "the head of the armed forces" ], "answer_start": [ 285 ] }
56f8c95e9b226e1400dd0ff3
Guinea-Bissau
In June 2005, presidential elections were held for the first time since the coup that deposed Ialá. Ialá returned as the candidate for the PRS, claiming to be the legitimate president of the country, but the election was won by former president João Bernardo Vieira, deposed in the 1999 coup. Vieira beat Malam Bacai San...
After the coup, when were presidential elections held?
{ "text": [ "June 2005" ], "answer_start": [ 3 ] }
56f8c95e9b226e1400dd0ff4
Guinea-Bissau
In June 2005, presidential elections were held for the first time since the coup that deposed Ialá. Ialá returned as the candidate for the PRS, claiming to be the legitimate president of the country, but the election was won by former president João Bernardo Vieira, deposed in the 1999 coup. Vieira beat Malam Bacai San...
At that time, who ran claiming to be the legitimate president of the country?
{ "text": [ "Ialá" ], "answer_start": [ 100 ] }
56f8c95e9b226e1400dd0ff5
Guinea-Bissau
In June 2005, presidential elections were held for the first time since the coup that deposed Ialá. Ialá returned as the candidate for the PRS, claiming to be the legitimate president of the country, but the election was won by former president João Bernardo Vieira, deposed in the 1999 coup. Vieira beat Malam Bacai San...
Who won the election?
{ "text": [ "João Bernardo Vieira" ], "answer_start": [ 245 ] }
56f8c95e9b226e1400dd0ff6
Guinea-Bissau
In June 2005, presidential elections were held for the first time since the coup that deposed Ialá. Ialá returned as the candidate for the PRS, claiming to be the legitimate president of the country, but the election was won by former president João Bernardo Vieira, deposed in the 1999 coup. Vieira beat Malam Bacai San...
Who did Vieira beat in a runoff election?
{ "text": [ "Malam Bacai Sanhá" ], "answer_start": [ 305 ] }
56f8c95e9b226e1400dd0ff7
Guinea-Bissau
In June 2005, presidential elections were held for the first time since the coup that deposed Ialá. Ialá returned as the candidate for the PRS, claiming to be the legitimate president of the country, but the election was won by former president João Bernardo Vieira, deposed in the 1999 coup. Vieira beat Malam Bacai San...
When was Vieira, a former president, deposed?
{ "text": [ "1999" ], "answer_start": [ 282 ] }
56f8ca0f9e9bad19000a04fa
Guinea-Bissau
Despite reports of arms entering the country prior to the election and some "disturbances during campaigning," including attacks on government offices by unidentified gunmen, foreign election monitors described the 2005 election overall as "calm and organized".
What was reported to be entering the country prior to the election?
{ "text": [ "arms" ], "answer_start": [ 19 ] }
56f8ca0f9e9bad19000a04fb
Guinea-Bissau
Despite reports of arms entering the country prior to the election and some "disturbances during campaigning," including attacks on government offices by unidentified gunmen, foreign election monitors described the 2005 election overall as "calm and organized".
What type of "disturbances" were reported during the campaign?
{ "text": [ "attacks on government offices" ], "answer_start": [ 121 ] }
56f8ca0f9e9bad19000a04fc
Guinea-Bissau
Despite reports of arms entering the country prior to the election and some "disturbances during campaigning," including attacks on government offices by unidentified gunmen, foreign election monitors described the 2005 election overall as "calm and organized".
How did foreign election monitors describe the election?
{ "text": [ "\"calm and organized\"" ], "answer_start": [ 240 ] }
56f8ca0f9e9bad19000a04fd
Guinea-Bissau
Despite reports of arms entering the country prior to the election and some "disturbances during campaigning," including attacks on government offices by unidentified gunmen, foreign election monitors described the 2005 election overall as "calm and organized".
What year was the election held?
{ "text": [ "2005" ], "answer_start": [ 215 ] }
56f8ca0f9e9bad19000a04fe
Guinea-Bissau
Despite reports of arms entering the country prior to the election and some "disturbances during campaigning," including attacks on government offices by unidentified gunmen, foreign election monitors described the 2005 election overall as "calm and organized".
Where the election monitors local, or foreign?
{ "text": [ "foreign" ], "answer_start": [ 175 ] }
56f8cb539b226e1400dd101d
Guinea-Bissau
Three years later, PAIGC won a strong parliamentary majority, with 67 of 100 seats, in the parliamentary election held in November 2008. In November 2008, President Vieira's official residence was attacked by members of the armed forces, killing a guard but leaving the president unharmed.
When was the parliamentary election held?
{ "text": [ "November 2008" ], "answer_start": [ 122 ] }
56f8cb539b226e1400dd101e
Guinea-Bissau
Three years later, PAIGC won a strong parliamentary majority, with 67 of 100 seats, in the parliamentary election held in November 2008. In November 2008, President Vieira's official residence was attacked by members of the armed forces, killing a guard but leaving the president unharmed.
Who won a strong majority in the election?
{ "text": [ "PAIGC" ], "answer_start": [ 19 ] }
56f8cb539b226e1400dd101f
Guinea-Bissau
Three years later, PAIGC won a strong parliamentary majority, with 67 of 100 seats, in the parliamentary election held in November 2008. In November 2008, President Vieira's official residence was attacked by members of the armed forces, killing a guard but leaving the president unharmed.
How many seats did PAIGC win in the election?
{ "text": [ "67" ], "answer_start": [ 67 ] }
56f8cb539b226e1400dd1020
Guinea-Bissau
Three years later, PAIGC won a strong parliamentary majority, with 67 of 100 seats, in the parliamentary election held in November 2008. In November 2008, President Vieira's official residence was attacked by members of the armed forces, killing a guard but leaving the president unharmed.
Whose residence was attacked by members of the armed forces?
{ "text": [ "President Vieira's" ], "answer_start": [ 155 ] }
56f8cb539b226e1400dd1021
Guinea-Bissau
Three years later, PAIGC won a strong parliamentary majority, with 67 of 100 seats, in the parliamentary election held in November 2008. In November 2008, President Vieira's official residence was attacked by members of the armed forces, killing a guard but leaving the president unharmed.
When did the attack on the residence occur?
{ "text": [ "November 2008" ], "answer_start": [ 140 ] }
56f8ceed9b226e1400dd1047
Guinea-Bissau
On 2 March 2009, however, Vieira was assassinated by what preliminary reports indicated to be a group of soldiers avenging the death of the head of joint chiefs of staff, General Batista Tagme Na Wai. Tagme died in an explosion on Sunday, 1 March 2009, target of an assassination. Military leaders in the country pledged...
Who was assassinated on 2 March 2009?
{ "text": [ "Vieira" ], "answer_start": [ 26 ] }
56f8ceed9b226e1400dd1048
Guinea-Bissau
On 2 March 2009, however, Vieira was assassinated by what preliminary reports indicated to be a group of soldiers avenging the death of the head of joint chiefs of staff, General Batista Tagme Na Wai. Tagme died in an explosion on Sunday, 1 March 2009, target of an assassination. Military leaders in the country pledged...
Who was assassinated on 1 March 2009?
{ "text": [ "General Batista Tagme Na Wai" ], "answer_start": [ 171 ] }
56f8ceed9b226e1400dd1049
Guinea-Bissau
On 2 March 2009, however, Vieira was assassinated by what preliminary reports indicated to be a group of soldiers avenging the death of the head of joint chiefs of staff, General Batista Tagme Na Wai. Tagme died in an explosion on Sunday, 1 March 2009, target of an assassination. Military leaders in the country pledged...
Who pledged to respect the constitutional order of succession?
{ "text": [ "Military leaders" ], "answer_start": [ 281 ] }
56f8ceed9b226e1400dd104a
Guinea-Bissau
On 2 March 2009, however, Vieira was assassinated by what preliminary reports indicated to be a group of soldiers avenging the death of the head of joint chiefs of staff, General Batista Tagme Na Wai. Tagme died in an explosion on Sunday, 1 March 2009, target of an assassination. Military leaders in the country pledged...
Who was appointed interim president?
{ "text": [ "Raimundo Pereira" ], "answer_start": [ 398 ] }
56f8ceed9b226e1400dd104b
Guinea-Bissau
On 2 March 2009, however, Vieira was assassinated by what preliminary reports indicated to be a group of soldiers avenging the death of the head of joint chiefs of staff, General Batista Tagme Na Wai. Tagme died in an explosion on Sunday, 1 March 2009, target of an assassination. Military leaders in the country pledged...
Who won the election in June 2009?
{ "text": [ "Malam Bacai Sanhá" ], "answer_start": [ 512 ] }
56f8cfb29e9bad19000a056c
Guinea-Bissau
On the evening of 12 April 2012, members of the country's military staged a coup d'état and arrested the interim president and a leading presidential candidate. Former vice chief of staff, General Mamadu Ture Kuruma, assumed control of the country in the transitional period and started negotiations with opposition part...
When was a coup d'etat staged?
{ "text": [ "12 April 2012" ], "answer_start": [ 18 ] }
56f8cfb29e9bad19000a056d
Guinea-Bissau
On the evening of 12 April 2012, members of the country's military staged a coup d'état and arrested the interim president and a leading presidential candidate. Former vice chief of staff, General Mamadu Ture Kuruma, assumed control of the country in the transitional period and started negotiations with opposition part...
Who staged the coup d'etat?
{ "text": [ "members of the country's military" ], "answer_start": [ 33 ] }
56f8cfb29e9bad19000a056e
Guinea-Bissau
On the evening of 12 April 2012, members of the country's military staged a coup d'état and arrested the interim president and a leading presidential candidate. Former vice chief of staff, General Mamadu Ture Kuruma, assumed control of the country in the transitional period and started negotiations with opposition part...
Who assumed control of the country after the coup d'etat?
{ "text": [ "Mamadu Ture Kuruma" ], "answer_start": [ 197 ] }