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56fa3a3b8f12f319006300f4
Wood
The single most revealing property of wood as an indicator of wood quality is specific gravity (Timell 1986), as both pulp yield and lumber strength are determined by it. Specific gravity is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of water; density is the ratio of a mass of a quantity of a s...
In addition to lumber strength, what important indicator of wood's quality can be determined using specific gravity?
{ "text": [ "pulp yield" ], "answer_start": [ 118 ] }
56fa3a3b8f12f319006300f5
Wood
The single most revealing property of wood as an indicator of wood quality is specific gravity (Timell 1986), as both pulp yield and lumber strength are determined by it. Specific gravity is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of water; density is the ratio of a mass of a quantity of a s...
What measurement is expressed in mass per unit substance?
{ "text": [ "density" ], "answer_start": [ 269 ] }
56fa3a3b8f12f319006300f6
Wood
The single most revealing property of wood as an indicator of wood quality is specific gravity (Timell 1986), as both pulp yield and lumber strength are determined by it. Specific gravity is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of water; density is the ratio of a mass of a quantity of a s...
When wood dries and shrinks, what happens to its density?
{ "text": [ "increases" ], "answer_start": [ 566 ] }
56fa3a3b8f12f319006300f7
Wood
The single most revealing property of wood as an indicator of wood quality is specific gravity (Timell 1986), as both pulp yield and lumber strength are determined by it. Specific gravity is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of water; density is the ratio of a mass of a quantity of a s...
When wood is described as "green," what does "green" mean?
{ "text": [ "water-saturated" ], "answer_start": [ 619 ] }
56fa3b59f34c681400b0c01f
Wood
Wood density is determined by multiple growth and physiological factors compounded into “one fairly easily measured wood characteristic” (Elliott 1970).
Along with growth, what kind of factors determine the density of wood?
{ "text": [ "physiological" ], "answer_start": [ 50 ] }
56fa3b59f34c681400b0c020
Wood
Wood density is determined by multiple growth and physiological factors compounded into “one fairly easily measured wood characteristic” (Elliott 1970).
Into how many characteristics are the factors of wood combined?
{ "text": [ "one" ], "answer_start": [ 89 ] }
56fa3b59f34c681400b0c021
Wood
Wood density is determined by multiple growth and physiological factors compounded into “one fairly easily measured wood characteristic” (Elliott 1970).
What author called wood's density "fairly easily measured"?
{ "text": [ "Elliott" ], "answer_start": [ 138 ] }
56fa3d788f12f319006300fd
Wood
Age, diameter, height, radial growth, geographical location, site and growing conditions, silvicultural treatment, and seed source, all to some degree influence wood density. Variation is to be expected. Within an individual tree, the variation in wood density is often as great as or even greater than that between diff...
What should be anticipated because of the many factors that influence wood's density?
{ "text": [ "Variation" ], "answer_start": [ 175 ] }
56fa3d788f12f319006300fe
Wood
Age, diameter, height, radial growth, geographical location, site and growing conditions, silvicultural treatment, and seed source, all to some degree influence wood density. Variation is to be expected. Within an individual tree, the variation in wood density is often as great as or even greater than that between diff...
What specific type of growth has an effect on the density of wood?
{ "text": [ "radial" ], "answer_start": [ 23 ] }
56fa3d788f12f319006300ff
Wood
Age, diameter, height, radial growth, geographical location, site and growing conditions, silvicultural treatment, and seed source, all to some degree influence wood density. Variation is to be expected. Within an individual tree, the variation in wood density is often as great as or even greater than that between diff...
Which part of a tree can have vertical or horizontal variation in its specific gravity?
{ "text": [ "bole" ], "answer_start": [ 388 ] }
56fa3d788f12f31900630100
Wood
Age, diameter, height, radial growth, geographical location, site and growing conditions, silvicultural treatment, and seed source, all to some degree influence wood density. Variation is to be expected. Within an individual tree, the variation in wood density is often as great as or even greater than that between diff...
Variation in what measurement is sometimes greater within one tree than from one tree to another?
{ "text": [ "density" ], "answer_start": [ 253 ] }
56fa3d788f12f31900630101
Wood
Age, diameter, height, radial growth, geographical location, site and growing conditions, silvicultural treatment, and seed source, all to some degree influence wood density. Variation is to be expected. Within an individual tree, the variation in wood density is often as great as or even greater than that between diff...
What tiny object's source plays a role in determining wood density?
{ "text": [ "seed" ], "answer_start": [ 119 ] }
56fa3ec18f12f31900630107
Wood
It is common to classify wood as either softwood or hardwood. The wood from conifers (e.g. pine) is called softwood, and the wood from dicotyledons (usually broad-leaved trees, e.g. oak) is called hardwood. These names are a bit misleading, as hardwoods are not necessarily hard, and softwoods are not necessarily soft. ...
What term do we use for the wood that comes from pine trees?
{ "text": [ "softwood" ], "answer_start": [ 107 ] }
56fa3ec18f12f31900630108
Wood
It is common to classify wood as either softwood or hardwood. The wood from conifers (e.g. pine) is called softwood, and the wood from dicotyledons (usually broad-leaved trees, e.g. oak) is called hardwood. These names are a bit misleading, as hardwoods are not necessarily hard, and softwoods are not necessarily soft. ...
What kind of wood does an oak tree have?
{ "text": [ "hardwood" ], "answer_start": [ 197 ] }
56fa3ec18f12f31900630109
Wood
It is common to classify wood as either softwood or hardwood. The wood from conifers (e.g. pine) is called softwood, and the wood from dicotyledons (usually broad-leaved trees, e.g. oak) is called hardwood. These names are a bit misleading, as hardwoods are not necessarily hard, and softwoods are not necessarily soft. ...
Is balsa a softwood or a hardwood?
{ "text": [ "hardwood" ], "answer_start": [ 344 ] }
56fa3ec18f12f3190063010a
Wood
It is common to classify wood as either softwood or hardwood. The wood from conifers (e.g. pine) is called softwood, and the wood from dicotyledons (usually broad-leaved trees, e.g. oak) is called hardwood. These names are a bit misleading, as hardwoods are not necessarily hard, and softwoods are not necessarily soft. ...
What's an example of a softwood that isn't "soft," and is actually harder than a lot of hardwoods?
{ "text": [ "yew" ], "answer_start": [ 436 ] }
56fa3ec18f12f3190063010b
Wood
It is common to classify wood as either softwood or hardwood. The wood from conifers (e.g. pine) is called softwood, and the wood from dicotyledons (usually broad-leaved trees, e.g. oak) is called hardwood. These names are a bit misleading, as hardwoods are not necessarily hard, and softwoods are not necessarily soft. ...
What's the scientific name for trees like the oak with broad leaves?
{ "text": [ "dicotyledons" ], "answer_start": [ 135 ] }
56fa3f74f34c681400b0c025
Wood
There is a strong relationship between the properties of wood and the properties of the particular tree that yielded it. The density of wood varies with species. The density of a wood correlates with its strength (mechanical properties). For example, mahogany is a medium-dense hardwood that is excellent for fine furnit...
What kind of relationship exists between a tree's properties and its wood's properties?
{ "text": [ "strong" ], "answer_start": [ 11 ] }
56fa3f74f34c681400b0c026
Wood
There is a strong relationship between the properties of wood and the properties of the particular tree that yielded it. The density of wood varies with species. The density of a wood correlates with its strength (mechanical properties). For example, mahogany is a medium-dense hardwood that is excellent for fine furnit...
What property of wood varies according to species?
{ "text": [ "density" ], "answer_start": [ 125 ] }
56fa3f74f34c681400b0c027
Wood
There is a strong relationship between the properties of wood and the properties of the particular tree that yielded it. The density of wood varies with species. The density of a wood correlates with its strength (mechanical properties). For example, mahogany is a medium-dense hardwood that is excellent for fine furnit...
What property of wood has a correlation to its density?
{ "text": [ "strength" ], "answer_start": [ 204 ] }
56fa3f74f34c681400b0c028
Wood
There is a strong relationship between the properties of wood and the properties of the particular tree that yielded it. The density of wood varies with species. The density of a wood correlates with its strength (mechanical properties). For example, mahogany is a medium-dense hardwood that is excellent for fine furnit...
Is mahogany a hardwood or a softwood?
{ "text": [ "hardwood" ], "answer_start": [ 278 ] }
56fa3f74f34c681400b0c029
Wood
There is a strong relationship between the properties of wood and the properties of the particular tree that yielded it. The density of wood varies with species. The density of a wood correlates with its strength (mechanical properties). For example, mahogany is a medium-dense hardwood that is excellent for fine furnit...
What hobby is balsa wood often used for?
{ "text": [ "model building" ], "answer_start": [ 379 ] }
56fa413bf34c681400b0c02f
Wood
The chemical composition of wood varies from species to species, but is approximately 50% carbon, 42% oxygen, 6% hydrogen, 1% nitrogen, and 1% other elements (mainly calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, and manganese) by weight. Wood also contains sulfur, chlorine, silicon, phosphorus, and other elements in sma...
What approximate percentage of carbon does wood have?
{ "text": [ "50%" ], "answer_start": [ 86 ] }
56fa413bf34c681400b0c030
Wood
The chemical composition of wood varies from species to species, but is approximately 50% carbon, 42% oxygen, 6% hydrogen, 1% nitrogen, and 1% other elements (mainly calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, and manganese) by weight. Wood also contains sulfur, chlorine, silicon, phosphorus, and other elements in sma...
What element makes up about 6% of the chemical composition of wood?
{ "text": [ "hydrogen" ], "answer_start": [ 113 ] }
56fa413bf34c681400b0c031
Wood
The chemical composition of wood varies from species to species, but is approximately 50% carbon, 42% oxygen, 6% hydrogen, 1% nitrogen, and 1% other elements (mainly calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, and manganese) by weight. Wood also contains sulfur, chlorine, silicon, phosphorus, and other elements in sma...
About what percentage of wood is composed of nitrogen?
{ "text": [ "1%" ], "answer_start": [ 123 ] }
56fa413bf34c681400b0c032
Wood
The chemical composition of wood varies from species to species, but is approximately 50% carbon, 42% oxygen, 6% hydrogen, 1% nitrogen, and 1% other elements (mainly calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, and manganese) by weight. Wood also contains sulfur, chlorine, silicon, phosphorus, and other elements in sma...
Which element in wood composes about 42% of its weight?
{ "text": [ "oxygen" ], "answer_start": [ 102 ] }
56fa413bf34c681400b0c033
Wood
The chemical composition of wood varies from species to species, but is approximately 50% carbon, 42% oxygen, 6% hydrogen, 1% nitrogen, and 1% other elements (mainly calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, and manganese) by weight. Wood also contains sulfur, chlorine, silicon, phosphorus, and other elements in sma...
What element joins potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, and sodium to make a combined 1% of the chemical composition of wood?
{ "text": [ "magnesium" ], "answer_start": [ 194 ] }
56fa4285f34c681400b0c039
Wood
Aside from water, wood has three main components. Cellulose, a crystalline polymer derived from glucose, constitutes about 41–43%. Next in abundance is hemicellulose, which is around 20% in deciduous trees but near 30% in conifers. It is mainly five-carbon sugars that are linked in an irregular manner, in contrast to t...
How many main components make up wood, not counting water?
{ "text": [ "three" ], "answer_start": [ 27 ] }
56fa4285f34c681400b0c03a
Wood
Aside from water, wood has three main components. Cellulose, a crystalline polymer derived from glucose, constitutes about 41–43%. Next in abundance is hemicellulose, which is around 20% in deciduous trees but near 30% in conifers. It is mainly five-carbon sugars that are linked in an irregular manner, in contrast to t...
What's the name for the crystalline polymer derived from glucose?
{ "text": [ "Cellulose" ], "answer_start": [ 50 ] }
56fa4285f34c681400b0c03b
Wood
Aside from water, wood has three main components. Cellulose, a crystalline polymer derived from glucose, constitutes about 41–43%. Next in abundance is hemicellulose, which is around 20% in deciduous trees but near 30% in conifers. It is mainly five-carbon sugars that are linked in an irregular manner, in contrast to t...
After cellulose, what component is most plentiful in wood?
{ "text": [ "hemicellulose" ], "answer_start": [ 152 ] }
56fa4285f34c681400b0c03c
Wood
Aside from water, wood has three main components. Cellulose, a crystalline polymer derived from glucose, constitutes about 41–43%. Next in abundance is hemicellulose, which is around 20% in deciduous trees but near 30% in conifers. It is mainly five-carbon sugars that are linked in an irregular manner, in contrast to t...
What kind of trees have about 30% hemicellulose?
{ "text": [ "conifers" ], "answer_start": [ 222 ] }
56fa4285f34c681400b0c03d
Wood
Aside from water, wood has three main components. Cellulose, a crystalline polymer derived from glucose, constitutes about 41–43%. Next in abundance is hemicellulose, which is around 20% in deciduous trees but near 30% in conifers. It is mainly five-carbon sugars that are linked in an irregular manner, in contrast to t...
Which of the three main components of wood is used to manufacture paper?
{ "text": [ "cellulose" ], "answer_start": [ 716 ] }
56fa43e9f34c681400b0c043
Wood
In chemical terms, the difference between hardwood and softwood is reflected in the composition of the constituent lignin. Hardwood lignin is primarily derived from sinapyl alcohol and coniferyl alcohol. Softwood lignin is mainly derived from coniferyl alcohol.
What component of wood determines whether it is hardwood or softwood?
{ "text": [ "lignin" ], "answer_start": [ 115 ] }
56fa43e9f34c681400b0c044
Wood
In chemical terms, the difference between hardwood and softwood is reflected in the composition of the constituent lignin. Hardwood lignin is primarily derived from sinapyl alcohol and coniferyl alcohol. Softwood lignin is mainly derived from coniferyl alcohol.
Which wood has lignin that comes primarily from one type of alcohol?
{ "text": [ "Softwood" ], "answer_start": [ 204 ] }
56fa43e9f34c681400b0c045
Wood
In chemical terms, the difference between hardwood and softwood is reflected in the composition of the constituent lignin. Hardwood lignin is primarily derived from sinapyl alcohol and coniferyl alcohol. Softwood lignin is mainly derived from coniferyl alcohol.
Which type of alcohol mainly becomes softwood lignin?
{ "text": [ "coniferyl" ], "answer_start": [ 243 ] }
56fa43e9f34c681400b0c046
Wood
In chemical terms, the difference between hardwood and softwood is reflected in the composition of the constituent lignin. Hardwood lignin is primarily derived from sinapyl alcohol and coniferyl alcohol. Softwood lignin is mainly derived from coniferyl alcohol.
In addition to coniferyl alcohol, what other alcohol is in hardwood lignin?
{ "text": [ "sinapyl" ], "answer_start": [ 165 ] }
56fa43e9f34c681400b0c047
Wood
In chemical terms, the difference between hardwood and softwood is reflected in the composition of the constituent lignin. Hardwood lignin is primarily derived from sinapyl alcohol and coniferyl alcohol. Softwood lignin is mainly derived from coniferyl alcohol.
Which kind of wood contains lignin derived from two main alcohol sources?
{ "text": [ "Hardwood" ], "answer_start": [ 123 ] }
56fa455af34c681400b0c04d
Wood
Aside from the lignocellulose, wood consists of a variety of low molecular weight organic compounds, called extractives. The wood extractives are fatty acids, resin acids, waxes and terpenes. For example, rosin is exuded by conifers as protection from insects. The extraction of these organic materials from wood provide...
What's the name for the low molecular weight organic compounds in wood?
{ "text": [ "extractives" ], "answer_start": [ 108 ] }
56fa455af34c681400b0c04e
Wood
Aside from the lignocellulose, wood consists of a variety of low molecular weight organic compounds, called extractives. The wood extractives are fatty acids, resin acids, waxes and terpenes. For example, rosin is exuded by conifers as protection from insects. The extraction of these organic materials from wood provide...
Along with fatty acids, what kind of acids are in the extractives in wood?
{ "text": [ "resin" ], "answer_start": [ 159 ] }
56fa455af34c681400b0c04f
Wood
Aside from the lignocellulose, wood consists of a variety of low molecular weight organic compounds, called extractives. The wood extractives are fatty acids, resin acids, waxes and terpenes. For example, rosin is exuded by conifers as protection from insects. The extraction of these organic materials from wood provide...
Wood extractives include resin and fatty acids, terpenes, and what other component?
{ "text": [ "waxes" ], "answer_start": [ 172 ] }
56fa455af34c681400b0c050
Wood
Aside from the lignocellulose, wood consists of a variety of low molecular weight organic compounds, called extractives. The wood extractives are fatty acids, resin acids, waxes and terpenes. For example, rosin is exuded by conifers as protection from insects. The extraction of these organic materials from wood provide...
What do conifers use rosin to protect themselves from?
{ "text": [ "insects" ], "answer_start": [ 252 ] }
56fa455af34c681400b0c051
Wood
Aside from the lignocellulose, wood consists of a variety of low molecular weight organic compounds, called extractives. The wood extractives are fatty acids, resin acids, waxes and terpenes. For example, rosin is exuded by conifers as protection from insects. The extraction of these organic materials from wood provide...
Along with tall oil and rosin, what commercial product do we get from wood's extractives?
{ "text": [ "turpentine" ], "answer_start": [ 332 ] }
56fa4690f34c681400b0c057
Wood
Wood has a long history of being used as fuel, which continues to this day, mostly in rural areas of the world. Hardwood is preferred over softwood because it creates less smoke and burns longer. Adding a woodstove or fireplace to a home is often felt to add ambiance and warmth.
What type of wood is preferred as fuel?
{ "text": [ "Hardwood" ], "answer_start": [ 112 ] }
56fa4690f34c681400b0c058
Wood
Wood has a long history of being used as fuel, which continues to this day, mostly in rural areas of the world. Hardwood is preferred over softwood because it creates less smoke and burns longer. Adding a woodstove or fireplace to a home is often felt to add ambiance and warmth.
What type of wood burns quickly and makes more smoke than hardwood?
{ "text": [ "softwood" ], "answer_start": [ 139 ] }
56fa4690f34c681400b0c059
Wood
Wood has a long history of being used as fuel, which continues to this day, mostly in rural areas of the world. Hardwood is preferred over softwood because it creates less smoke and burns longer. Adding a woodstove or fireplace to a home is often felt to add ambiance and warmth.
What type of areas use more wood for fuel?
{ "text": [ "rural" ], "answer_start": [ 86 ] }
56fa4690f34c681400b0c05a
Wood
Wood has a long history of being used as fuel, which continues to this day, mostly in rural areas of the world. Hardwood is preferred over softwood because it creates less smoke and burns longer. Adding a woodstove or fireplace to a home is often felt to add ambiance and warmth.
What benefit besides the cozy atmosphere would a wood-burning fireplace add to a home?
{ "text": [ "warmth" ], "answer_start": [ 272 ] }
56fa49f9f34c681400b0c05f
Wood
Wood has been an important construction material since humans began building shelters, houses and boats. Nearly all boats were made out of wood until the late 19th century, and wood remains in common use today in boat construction. Elm in particular was used for this purpose as it resisted decay as long as it was kept ...
What wood is decay-resistant when wet?
{ "text": [ "Elm" ], "answer_start": [ 232 ] }
56fa49f9f34c681400b0c060
Wood
Wood has been an important construction material since humans began building shelters, houses and boats. Nearly all boats were made out of wood until the late 19th century, and wood remains in common use today in boat construction. Elm in particular was used for this purpose as it resisted decay as long as it was kept ...
What plumbing component was once made out of elm?
{ "text": [ "water pipe" ], "answer_start": [ 344 ] }
56fa49f9f34c681400b0c061
Wood
Wood has been an important construction material since humans began building shelters, houses and boats. Nearly all boats were made out of wood until the late 19th century, and wood remains in common use today in boat construction. Elm in particular was used for this purpose as it resisted decay as long as it was kept ...
Until the late 19th century, what vessels were almost always wooden?
{ "text": [ "boats" ], "answer_start": [ 116 ] }
56fa49f9f34c681400b0c062
Wood
Wood has been an important construction material since humans began building shelters, houses and boats. Nearly all boats were made out of wood until the late 19th century, and wood remains in common use today in boat construction. Elm in particular was used for this purpose as it resisted decay as long as it was kept ...
What significant purpose has wood been used for as long as humans have built shelters?
{ "text": [ "construction material" ], "answer_start": [ 27 ] }
56fa49f9f34c681400b0c063
Wood
Wood has been an important construction material since humans began building shelters, houses and boats. Nearly all boats were made out of wood until the late 19th century, and wood remains in common use today in boat construction. Elm in particular was used for this purpose as it resisted decay as long as it was kept ...
Other than boats, what do people often build with wood?
{ "text": [ "houses" ], "answer_start": [ 87 ] }
56fa4b89f34c681400b0c069
Wood
Wood to be used for construction work is commonly known as lumber in North America. Elsewhere, lumber usually refers to felled trees, and the word for sawn planks ready for use is timber. In Medieval Europe oak was the wood of choice for all wood construction, including beams, walls, doors, and floors. Today a wider va...
What term is used in North America for wood used in construction?
{ "text": [ "lumber" ], "answer_start": [ 59 ] }
56fa4b89f34c681400b0c06a
Wood
Wood to be used for construction work is commonly known as lumber in North America. Elsewhere, lumber usually refers to felled trees, and the word for sawn planks ready for use is timber. In Medieval Europe oak was the wood of choice for all wood construction, including beams, walls, doors, and floors. Today a wider va...
Outside of North America, if someone said "lumber," to what would they be referring?
{ "text": [ "felled trees" ], "answer_start": [ 120 ] }
56fa4b89f34c681400b0c06b
Wood
Wood to be used for construction work is commonly known as lumber in North America. Elsewhere, lumber usually refers to felled trees, and the word for sawn planks ready for use is timber. In Medieval Europe oak was the wood of choice for all wood construction, including beams, walls, doors, and floors. Today a wider va...
What do people outside of North America call the sawn boards used for building?
{ "text": [ "timber" ], "answer_start": [ 180 ] }
56fa4b89f34c681400b0c06c
Wood
Wood to be used for construction work is commonly known as lumber in North America. Elsewhere, lumber usually refers to felled trees, and the word for sawn planks ready for use is timber. In Medieval Europe oak was the wood of choice for all wood construction, including beams, walls, doors, and floors. Today a wider va...
What was the preferred wood for construction in Medieval Europe?
{ "text": [ "oak" ], "answer_start": [ 207 ] }
56fa4b89f34c681400b0c06d
Wood
Wood to be used for construction work is commonly known as lumber in North America. Elsewhere, lumber usually refers to felled trees, and the word for sawn planks ready for use is timber. In Medieval Europe oak was the wood of choice for all wood construction, including beams, walls, doors, and floors. Today a wider va...
For modern solid wood doors, what wood is often used in addition to small-knotted pine or poplar?
{ "text": [ "Douglas fir" ], "answer_start": [ 413 ] }
56fa4d06f34c681400b0c073
Wood
New domestic housing in many parts of the world today is commonly made from timber-framed construction. Engineered wood products are becoming a bigger part of the construction industry. They may be used in both residential and commercial buildings as structural and aesthetic materials.
What type of construction is often used now to build homes in much of the world?
{ "text": [ "timber-framed" ], "answer_start": [ 76 ] }
56fa4d06f34c681400b0c074
Wood
New domestic housing in many parts of the world today is commonly made from timber-framed construction. Engineered wood products are becoming a bigger part of the construction industry. They may be used in both residential and commercial buildings as structural and aesthetic materials.
In addition to residential applications, what type of buildings often have engineered wood components?
{ "text": [ "commercial" ], "answer_start": [ 227 ] }
56fa4d06f34c681400b0c075
Wood
New domestic housing in many parts of the world today is commonly made from timber-framed construction. Engineered wood products are becoming a bigger part of the construction industry. They may be used in both residential and commercial buildings as structural and aesthetic materials.
Along with decorative components, what type of building materials can be engineered from wood?
{ "text": [ "structural" ], "answer_start": [ 251 ] }
56fa4d06f34c681400b0c076
Wood
New domestic housing in many parts of the world today is commonly made from timber-framed construction. Engineered wood products are becoming a bigger part of the construction industry. They may be used in both residential and commercial buildings as structural and aesthetic materials.
What industry benefits greatly from engineered wood products?
{ "text": [ "construction" ], "answer_start": [ 163 ] }
56fa4e5e8f12f31900630111
Wood
In buildings made of other materials, wood will still be found as a supporting material, especially in roof construction, in interior doors and their frames, and as exterior cladding.
What might wood be used for in a building made from brick or other materials?
{ "text": [ "supporting material" ], "answer_start": [ 68 ] }
56fa4e5e8f12f31900630112
Wood
In buildings made of other materials, wood will still be found as a supporting material, especially in roof construction, in interior doors and their frames, and as exterior cladding.
What crucial part of a house is often constructed from wood?
{ "text": [ "roof" ], "answer_start": [ 103 ] }
56fa4e5e8f12f31900630113
Wood
In buildings made of other materials, wood will still be found as a supporting material, especially in roof construction, in interior doors and their frames, and as exterior cladding.
Wood might be used to construct what exterior component of a building?
{ "text": [ "cladding" ], "answer_start": [ 174 ] }
56fa4e5e8f12f31900630114
Wood
In buildings made of other materials, wood will still be found as a supporting material, especially in roof construction, in interior doors and their frames, and as exterior cladding.
Inside a building, what wooden things might you open to enter or leave rooms?
{ "text": [ "doors" ], "answer_start": [ 134 ] }
56fa50008f12f31900630119
Wood
Engineered wood products, glued building products "engineered" for application-specific performance requirements, are often used in construction and industrial applications. Glued engineered wood products are manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers, lumber or other forms of wood fiber with glue to form a...
What holds together an engineered wood product?
{ "text": [ "glue" ], "answer_start": [ 306 ] }
56fa50008f12f3190063011a
Wood
Engineered wood products, glued building products "engineered" for application-specific performance requirements, are often used in construction and industrial applications. Glued engineered wood products are manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers, lumber or other forms of wood fiber with glue to form a...
Engineered wood products are often used in construction, but what other major type of applications do they have?
{ "text": [ "industrial" ], "answer_start": [ 149 ] }
56fa50008f12f3190063011b
Wood
Engineered wood products, glued building products "engineered" for application-specific performance requirements, are often used in construction and industrial applications. Glued engineered wood products are manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers, lumber or other forms of wood fiber with glue to form a...
What requirements do engineered wood products meet?
{ "text": [ "application-specific performance requirements" ], "answer_start": [ 67 ] }
56fa50008f12f3190063011c
Wood
Engineered wood products, glued building products "engineered" for application-specific performance requirements, are often used in construction and industrial applications. Glued engineered wood products are manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers, lumber or other forms of wood fiber with glue to form a...
What efficient type of unit does the process of "engineering" wood result in?
{ "text": [ "composite structural unit" ], "answer_start": [ 344 ] }
56fa50008f12f3190063011d
Wood
Engineered wood products, glued building products "engineered" for application-specific performance requirements, are often used in construction and industrial applications. Glued engineered wood products are manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers, lumber or other forms of wood fiber with glue to form a...
Wood fibers from wood strands, lumber, and what other source can be glued together to make larger units?
{ "text": [ "veneers" ], "answer_start": [ 256 ] }
56fa517b8f12f31900630123
Wood
These products include glued laminated timber (glulam), wood structural panels (including plywood, oriented strand board and composite panels), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and other structural composite lumber (SCL) products, parallel strand lumber, and I-joists. Approximately 100 million cubic meters of wood was con...
What category do composite panels, strand board, and plywood all fit into?
{ "text": [ "wood structural panels" ], "answer_start": [ 56 ] }
56fa517b8f12f31900630124
Wood
These products include glued laminated timber (glulam), wood structural panels (including plywood, oriented strand board and composite panels), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and other structural composite lumber (SCL) products, parallel strand lumber, and I-joists. Approximately 100 million cubic meters of wood was con...
What's another word for glued laminated timber?
{ "text": [ "glulam" ], "answer_start": [ 47 ] }
56fa517b8f12f31900630125
Wood
These products include glued laminated timber (glulam), wood structural panels (including plywood, oriented strand board and composite panels), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and other structural composite lumber (SCL) products, parallel strand lumber, and I-joists. Approximately 100 million cubic meters of wood was con...
What does LVL stand for?
{ "text": [ "laminated veneer lumber" ], "answer_start": [ 144 ] }
56fa517b8f12f31900630126
Wood
These products include glued laminated timber (glulam), wood structural panels (including plywood, oriented strand board and composite panels), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and other structural composite lumber (SCL) products, parallel strand lumber, and I-joists. Approximately 100 million cubic meters of wood was con...
If current building trends continue, what material will be replaced by particle and fiber board?
{ "text": [ "plywood" ], "answer_start": [ 421 ] }
56fa517b8f12f31900630127
Wood
These products include glued laminated timber (glulam), wood structural panels (including plywood, oriented strand board and composite panels), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and other structural composite lumber (SCL) products, parallel strand lumber, and I-joists. Approximately 100 million cubic meters of wood was con...
About how many cubic meters of wood was used in 1991 to make products like glulam, LVL, and structural composite lumber?
{ "text": [ "100 million" ], "answer_start": [ 280 ] }
56fa5330f34c681400b0c07b
Wood
Wood unsuitable for construction in its native form may be broken down mechanically (into fibers or chips) or chemically (into cellulose) and used as a raw material for other building materials, such as engineered wood, as well as chipboard, hardboard, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Such wood derivatives are wide...
What material results from chemically breaking down wood?
{ "text": [ "cellulose" ], "answer_start": [ 127 ] }
56fa5330f34c681400b0c07c
Wood
Wood unsuitable for construction in its native form may be broken down mechanically (into fibers or chips) or chemically (into cellulose) and used as a raw material for other building materials, such as engineered wood, as well as chipboard, hardboard, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Such wood derivatives are wide...
What's the abbreviation for medium-density fiberboard?
{ "text": [ "MDF" ], "answer_start": [ 284 ] }
56fa5330f34c681400b0c07d
Wood
Wood unsuitable for construction in its native form may be broken down mechanically (into fibers or chips) or chemically (into cellulose) and used as a raw material for other building materials, such as engineered wood, as well as chipboard, hardboard, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Such wood derivatives are wide...
How is wood broken down into chips and fibers?
{ "text": [ "mechanically" ], "answer_start": [ 71 ] }
56fa5330f34c681400b0c07e
Wood
Wood unsuitable for construction in its native form may be broken down mechanically (into fibers or chips) or chemically (into cellulose) and used as a raw material for other building materials, such as engineered wood, as well as chipboard, hardboard, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Such wood derivatives are wide...
What type of flooring can be made from wood derivatives?
{ "text": [ "laminate" ], "answer_start": [ 518 ] }
56fa5330f34c681400b0c07f
Wood
Wood unsuitable for construction in its native form may be broken down mechanically (into fibers or chips) or chemically (into cellulose) and used as a raw material for other building materials, such as engineered wood, as well as chipboard, hardboard, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Such wood derivatives are wide...
What widely-used product is almost always made of wood fibers?
{ "text": [ "paper" ], "answer_start": [ 376 ] }
56fa5493f34c681400b0c085
Wood
Wood has always been used extensively for furniture, such as chairs and beds. It is also used for tool handles and cutlery, such as chopsticks, toothpicks, and other utensils, like the wooden spoon.
What category of products usually made from wood includes chairs?
{ "text": [ "furniture" ], "answer_start": [ 42 ] }
56fa5493f34c681400b0c086
Wood
Wood has always been used extensively for furniture, such as chairs and beds. It is also used for tool handles and cutlery, such as chopsticks, toothpicks, and other utensils, like the wooden spoon.
What wooden utensil could you stir a pot of soup with?
{ "text": [ "wooden spoon" ], "answer_start": [ 185 ] }
56fa5493f34c681400b0c087
Wood
Wood has always been used extensively for furniture, such as chairs and beds. It is also used for tool handles and cutlery, such as chopsticks, toothpicks, and other utensils, like the wooden spoon.
Which parts of tools are sometimes made out of wood?
{ "text": [ "handles" ], "answer_start": [ 103 ] }
56fa5493f34c681400b0c088
Wood
Wood has always been used extensively for furniture, such as chairs and beds. It is also used for tool handles and cutlery, such as chopsticks, toothpicks, and other utensils, like the wooden spoon.
What pieces of furniture that most people use every night can be made out of wood?
{ "text": [ "beds" ], "answer_start": [ 72 ] }
56fa5493f34c681400b0c089
Wood
Wood has always been used extensively for furniture, such as chairs and beds. It is also used for tool handles and cutlery, such as chopsticks, toothpicks, and other utensils, like the wooden spoon.
What special wooden utensils do many people use to eat Chinese takeout?
{ "text": [ "chopsticks" ], "answer_start": [ 132 ] }
56fa56e5f34c681400b0c08f
Wood
Further developments include new lignin glue applications, recyclable food packaging, rubber tire replacement applications, anti-bacterial medical agents, and high strength fabrics or composites. As scientists and engineers further learn and develop new techniques to extract various components from wood, or alternative...
What could we monitor electronically that could help inform new methods of wood protection?
{ "text": [ "Moisture content" ], "answer_start": [ 440 ] }
56fa56e5f34c681400b0c090
Wood
Further developments include new lignin glue applications, recyclable food packaging, rubber tire replacement applications, anti-bacterial medical agents, and high strength fabrics or composites. As scientists and engineers further learn and develop new techniques to extract various components from wood, or alternative...
Development in the wood manufacturing industry include using lignin to make what substance?
{ "text": [ "glue" ], "answer_start": [ 40 ] }
56fa56e5f34c681400b0c091
Wood
Further developments include new lignin glue applications, recyclable food packaging, rubber tire replacement applications, anti-bacterial medical agents, and high strength fabrics or composites. As scientists and engineers further learn and develop new techniques to extract various components from wood, or alternative...
Instead of rubber, what important part of a car might someday be replaced by components of wood?
{ "text": [ "tire" ], "answer_start": [ 93 ] }
56fa56e5f34c681400b0c092
Wood
Further developments include new lignin glue applications, recyclable food packaging, rubber tire replacement applications, anti-bacterial medical agents, and high strength fabrics or composites. As scientists and engineers further learn and develop new techniques to extract various components from wood, or alternative...
What material might be developed from wood that could make clothes that resist wear and tear?
{ "text": [ "high strength fabrics" ], "answer_start": [ 159 ] }
56fa56e5f34c681400b0c093
Wood
Further developments include new lignin glue applications, recyclable food packaging, rubber tire replacement applications, anti-bacterial medical agents, and high strength fabrics or composites. As scientists and engineers further learn and develop new techniques to extract various components from wood, or alternative...
In addition to extracting components from wood, what might scientist do by adding components, for example, to make innovative products?
{ "text": [ "modify wood" ], "answer_start": [ 326 ] }
56fa5855f34c681400b0c099
Wood
Wood has long been used as an artistic medium. It has been used to make sculptures and carvings for millennia. Examples include the totem poles carved by North American indigenous people from conifer trunks, often Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata), and the Millennium clock tower, now housed in the National Museum of Sc...
Along with sculptures, what type of art have people been making out of wood for centuries?
{ "text": [ "carvings" ], "answer_start": [ 87 ] }
56fa5855f34c681400b0c09a
Wood
Wood has long been used as an artistic medium. It has been used to make sculptures and carvings for millennia. Examples include the totem poles carved by North American indigenous people from conifer trunks, often Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata), and the Millennium clock tower, now housed in the National Museum of Sc...
What did indigenous people in North America make out of the trunks of conifers?
{ "text": [ "totem poles" ], "answer_start": [ 132 ] }
56fa5855f34c681400b0c09b
Wood
Wood has long been used as an artistic medium. It has been used to make sculptures and carvings for millennia. Examples include the totem poles carved by North American indigenous people from conifer trunks, often Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata), and the Millennium clock tower, now housed in the National Museum of Sc...
What type of tree was often used for totem poles?
{ "text": [ "Western Red Cedar" ], "answer_start": [ 214 ] }
56fa5855f34c681400b0c09c
Wood
Wood has long been used as an artistic medium. It has been used to make sculptures and carvings for millennia. Examples include the totem poles carved by North American indigenous people from conifer trunks, often Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata), and the Millennium clock tower, now housed in the National Museum of Sc...
What city in Scotland would you visit to see the Millennium clock tower?
{ "text": [ "Edinburgh" ], "answer_start": [ 330 ] }
56fa5855f34c681400b0c09d
Wood
Wood has long been used as an artistic medium. It has been used to make sculptures and carvings for millennia. Examples include the totem poles carved by North American indigenous people from conifer trunks, often Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata), and the Millennium clock tower, now housed in the National Museum of Sc...
What museum exhibits the Millennium clock tower?
{ "text": [ "National Museum of Scotland" ], "answer_start": [ 299 ] }
56fa59c2f34c681400b0c0a3
Wood
Certain types of musical instruments, such as those of the violin family, the guitar, the clarinet and recorder, the xylophone, and the marimba, are traditionally made mostly or entirely of wood. The choice of wood may make a significant difference to the tone and resonant qualities of the instrument, and tonewoods hav...
What kind of wood are clarinet bodies made from?
{ "text": [ "african blackwood" ], "answer_start": [ 383 ] }
56fa59c2f34c681400b0c0a4
Wood
Certain types of musical instruments, such as those of the violin family, the guitar, the clarinet and recorder, the xylophone, and the marimba, are traditionally made mostly or entirely of wood. The choice of wood may make a significant difference to the tone and resonant qualities of the instrument, and tonewoods hav...
What expensive wood with a prized color is used to make the backs of violins?
{ "text": [ "ripple sycamore" ], "answer_start": [ 594 ] }
56fa59c2f34c681400b0c0a5
Wood
Certain types of musical instruments, such as those of the violin family, the guitar, the clarinet and recorder, the xylophone, and the marimba, are traditionally made mostly or entirely of wood. The choice of wood may make a significant difference to the tone and resonant qualities of the instrument, and tonewoods hav...
What category of wood is often used for musical instruments?
{ "text": [ "tonewoods" ], "answer_start": [ 307 ] }
56fa59c2f34c681400b0c0a6
Wood
Certain types of musical instruments, such as those of the violin family, the guitar, the clarinet and recorder, the xylophone, and the marimba, are traditionally made mostly or entirely of wood. The choice of wood may make a significant difference to the tone and resonant qualities of the instrument, and tonewoods hav...
What's the common name for Picea abies?
{ "text": [ "European spruce" ], "answer_start": [ 462 ] }
56fa59c2f34c681400b0c0a7
Wood
Certain types of musical instruments, such as those of the violin family, the guitar, the clarinet and recorder, the xylophone, and the marimba, are traditionally made mostly or entirely of wood. The choice of wood may make a significant difference to the tone and resonant qualities of the instrument, and tonewoods hav...
Along with resonance, what property of an instrument will be affected by the wood used to make it?
{ "text": [ "tone" ], "answer_start": [ 256 ] }
56fa5af68f12f3190063012d
Wood
Despite their collective name, not all woodwind instruments are made entirely of wood. The reeds used to play them, however, are usually made from Arundo donax, a type of monocot cane plant.
What type of instruments with a misleading name aren't always made completely out of wood?
{ "text": [ "woodwind instruments" ], "answer_start": [ 39 ] }