id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 217 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
56fa5af68f12f3190063012e | Wood | Despite their collective name, not all woodwind instruments are made entirely of wood. The reeds used to play them, however, are usually made from Arundo donax, a type of monocot cane plant. | What are woodwind instrument's reeds often made out of? | {
"text": [
"Arundo donax"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
} |
56fa5af68f12f3190063012f | Wood | Despite their collective name, not all woodwind instruments are made entirely of wood. The reeds used to play them, however, are usually made from Arundo donax, a type of monocot cane plant. | Is the Arundo donax a monocot or dicot cane plant? | {
"text": [
"monocot"
],
"answer_start": [
171
]
} |
56fa5af68f12f31900630130 | Wood | Despite their collective name, not all woodwind instruments are made entirely of wood. The reeds used to play them, however, are usually made from Arundo donax, a type of monocot cane plant. | What objects do musicians have to have in order to play woodwind instruments? | {
"text": [
"reeds"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
56fa5c188f12f31900630135 | Wood | Many types of sports equipment are made of wood, or were constructed of wood in the past. For example, cricket bats are typically made of white willow. The baseball bats which are legal for use in Major League Baseball are frequently made of ash wood or hickory, and in recent years have been constructed from maple even... | What wood is usually used for cricket bats? | {
"text": [
"white willow"
],
"answer_start": [
138
]
} |
56fa5c188f12f31900630136 | Wood | Many types of sports equipment are made of wood, or were constructed of wood in the past. For example, cricket bats are typically made of white willow. The baseball bats which are legal for use in Major League Baseball are frequently made of ash wood or hickory, and in recent years have been constructed from maple even... | Ash and hickory are often used for baseball bats to comply with the rules of what organization? | {
"text": [
"Major League Baseball"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
} |
56fa5c188f12f31900630137 | Wood | Many types of sports equipment are made of wood, or were constructed of wood in the past. For example, cricket bats are typically made of white willow. The baseball bats which are legal for use in Major League Baseball are frequently made of ash wood or hickory, and in recent years have been constructed from maple even... | What is commonly used for the basketball courts the NBA plays on? | {
"text": [
"parquetry"
],
"answer_start": [
411
]
} |
56fa5c188f12f31900630138 | Wood | Many types of sports equipment are made of wood, or were constructed of wood in the past. For example, cricket bats are typically made of white willow. The baseball bats which are legal for use in Major League Baseball are frequently made of ash wood or hickory, and in recent years have been constructed from maple even... | What wood has recently started being used to make baseball bats in addition to hickory and ash? | {
"text": [
"maple"
],
"answer_start": [
310
]
} |
56fa5c188f12f31900630139 | Wood | Many types of sports equipment are made of wood, or were constructed of wood in the past. For example, cricket bats are typically made of white willow. The baseball bats which are legal for use in Major League Baseball are frequently made of ash wood or hickory, and in recent years have been constructed from maple even... | Compared to hickory and ash, what adjective might be used for a maple baseball bat? | {
"text": [
"fragile"
],
"answer_start": [
355
]
} |
56fa5e2df34c681400b0c0ad | Wood | Many other types of sports and recreation equipment, such as skis, ice hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks and archery bows, were commonly made of wood in the past, but have since been replaced with more modern materials such as aluminium, fiberglass, carbon fiber, titanium, and composite materials. One noteworthy example o... | What pieces of equipment for shooting arrows used to be wooden? | {
"text": [
"archery bows"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} |
56fa5e2df34c681400b0c0ae | Wood | Many other types of sports and recreation equipment, such as skis, ice hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks and archery bows, were commonly made of wood in the past, but have since been replaced with more modern materials such as aluminium, fiberglass, carbon fiber, titanium, and composite materials. One noteworthy example o... | Which pieces of ice hockey equipment were once made out of wood? | {
"text": [
"sticks"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} |
56fa5e2df34c681400b0c0af | Wood | Many other types of sports and recreation equipment, such as skis, ice hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks and archery bows, were commonly made of wood in the past, but have since been replaced with more modern materials such as aluminium, fiberglass, carbon fiber, titanium, and composite materials. One noteworthy example o... | When the golf club called the "wood" was actually made out of it, what type of wood was used? | {
"text": [
"persimmon"
],
"answer_start": [
422
]
} |
56fa5e2df34c681400b0c0b0 | Wood | Many other types of sports and recreation equipment, such as skis, ice hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks and archery bows, were commonly made of wood in the past, but have since been replaced with more modern materials such as aluminium, fiberglass, carbon fiber, titanium, and composite materials. One noteworthy example o... | What is the golf club known as the "wood" usually made out of today? | {
"text": [
"synthetic materials"
],
"answer_start": [
505
]
} |
56fa5e2df34c681400b0c0b1 | Wood | Many other types of sports and recreation equipment, such as skis, ice hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks and archery bows, were commonly made of wood in the past, but have since been replaced with more modern materials such as aluminium, fiberglass, carbon fiber, titanium, and composite materials. One noteworthy example o... | What other modern material has joined composites, carbon fiber, titanium, and aluminum to replace wood in the manufacture of sporting equipment? | {
"text": [
"fiberglass"
],
"answer_start": [
235
]
} |
56fa621f8f12f3190063013f | Wood | Little is known about the bacteria that degrade cellulose. Symbiotic bacteria in Xylophaga may play a role in the degradation of sunken wood; while bacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Actinobacteria, Clostridia, and Bacteroidetes have been detected in wood submerged over a year. | What component of wood is degraded by bacteria that scientists are still trying to learn about? | {
"text": [
"cellulose"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} |
56fa621f8f12f31900630140 | Wood | Little is known about the bacteria that degrade cellulose. Symbiotic bacteria in Xylophaga may play a role in the degradation of sunken wood; while bacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Actinobacteria, Clostridia, and Bacteroidetes have been detected in wood submerged over a year. | What type of bacteria are present in Xylophaga? | {
"text": [
"Symbiotic"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
} |
56fa621f8f12f31900630141 | Wood | Little is known about the bacteria that degrade cellulose. Symbiotic bacteria in Xylophaga may play a role in the degradation of sunken wood; while bacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Actinobacteria, Clostridia, and Bacteroidetes have been detected in wood submerged over a year. | What type of wood is it possible the bacteria in Xylophaga help break down? | {
"text": [
"sunken"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} |
56fa621f8f12f31900630142 | Wood | Little is known about the bacteria that degrade cellulose. Symbiotic bacteria in Xylophaga may play a role in the degradation of sunken wood; while bacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Actinobacteria, Clostridia, and Bacteroidetes have been detected in wood submerged over a year. | How long was the wood submerged in water in the study that discovered the types of bacteria in it? | {
"text": [
"over a year"
],
"answer_start": [
284
]
} |
56fa621f8f12f31900630143 | Wood | Little is known about the bacteria that degrade cellulose. Symbiotic bacteria in Xylophaga may play a role in the degradation of sunken wood; while bacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Actinobacteria, Clostridia, and Bacteroidetes have been detected in wood submerged over a year. | What bacteria starting with the letter "F" were found in wood after it was underwater for more than a year? | {
"text": [
"Flavobacteria"
],
"answer_start": [
186
]
} |
56f9f848f34c681400b0bf0b | Somalis | Somalis (Somali: Soomaali, Arabic: صومال) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa (Somali Peninsula). The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. They are predominantly Sunni Muslim. Ethnic Somalis number around 16-20 millio... | What language family is Somali a part of? | {
"text": [
"Afro-Asiatic"
],
"answer_start": [
221
]
} |
56f9f848f34c681400b0bf0c | Somalis | Somalis (Somali: Soomaali, Arabic: صومال) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa (Somali Peninsula). The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. They are predominantly Sunni Muslim. Ethnic Somalis number around 16-20 millio... | What part of the Afro-Asiatic language family is Somali a part of? | {
"text": [
"Cushitic"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} |
56f9f848f34c681400b0bf0d | Somalis | Somalis (Somali: Soomaali, Arabic: صومال) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa (Somali Peninsula). The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. They are predominantly Sunni Muslim. Ethnic Somalis number around 16-20 millio... | What is the majority religion of Somalis? | {
"text": [
"Sunni Muslim"
],
"answer_start": [
265
]
} |
56f9f848f34c681400b0bf0e | Somalis | Somalis (Somali: Soomaali, Arabic: صومال) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa (Somali Peninsula). The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. They are predominantly Sunni Muslim. Ethnic Somalis number around 16-20 millio... | How many people of Somali ethnicity live in Somalia? | {
"text": [
"12.3 million"
],
"answer_start": [
374
]
} |
56f9f848f34c681400b0bf0f | Somalis | Somalis (Somali: Soomaali, Arabic: صومال) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa (Somali Peninsula). The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. They are predominantly Sunni Muslim. Ethnic Somalis number around 16-20 millio... | What country has the second largest Somali population? | {
"text": [
"Ethiopia"
],
"answer_start": [
389
]
} |
56f9f8dc8f12f31900630023 | Somalis | Irir Samaale, the oldest common ancestor of several Somali clans, is generally regarded as the source of the ethnonym Somali. The name "Somali" is, in turn, held to be derived from the words soo and maal, which together mean "go and milk" — a reference to the ubiquitous pastoralism of the Somali people. Another plausib... | From whom are several Somali clans descended? | {
"text": [
"Irir Samaale"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
56f9f8dc8f12f31900630024 | Somalis | Irir Samaale, the oldest common ancestor of several Somali clans, is generally regarded as the source of the ethnonym Somali. The name "Somali" is, in turn, held to be derived from the words soo and maal, which together mean "go and milk" — a reference to the ubiquitous pastoralism of the Somali people. Another plausib... | From what words is the term 'Somali' generally regarded as being derived? | {
"text": [
"soo and maal"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
} |
56f9f8dc8f12f31900630025 | Somalis | Irir Samaale, the oldest common ancestor of several Somali clans, is generally regarded as the source of the ethnonym Somali. The name "Somali" is, in turn, held to be derived from the words soo and maal, which together mean "go and milk" — a reference to the ubiquitous pastoralism of the Somali people. Another plausib... | What does 'soo and maal' mean in English? | {
"text": [
"go and milk"
],
"answer_start": [
226
]
} |
56f9f8dc8f12f31900630026 | Somalis | Irir Samaale, the oldest common ancestor of several Somali clans, is generally regarded as the source of the ethnonym Somali. The name "Somali" is, in turn, held to be derived from the words soo and maal, which together mean "go and milk" — a reference to the ubiquitous pastoralism of the Somali people. Another plausib... | What word in Arabic means 'wealthy' in English? | {
"text": [
"dhawamaal"
],
"answer_start": [
405
]
} |
56f9f8dc8f12f31900630027 | Somalis | Irir Samaale, the oldest common ancestor of several Somali clans, is generally regarded as the source of the ethnonym Somali. The name "Somali" is, in turn, held to be derived from the words soo and maal, which together mean "go and milk" — a reference to the ubiquitous pastoralism of the Somali people. Another plausib... | What resource traditionally comprised Somali wealth? | {
"text": [
"livestock"
],
"answer_start": [
453
]
} |
56f9f9a18f12f3190063002d | Somalis | An Ancient Chinese document from the 9th century referred to the northern Somali coast — which was then called "Berbera" by Arab geographers in reference to the region's "Berber" (Cushitic) inhabitants — as Po-pa-li. The first clear written reference of the sobriquet Somali, however, dates back to the 15th century. Dur... | What did the Arabs call the northern Somali coast in the 9th century? | {
"text": [
"Berbera"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
} |
56f9f9a18f12f3190063002e | Somalis | An Ancient Chinese document from the 9th century referred to the northern Somali coast — which was then called "Berbera" by Arab geographers in reference to the region's "Berber" (Cushitic) inhabitants — as Po-pa-li. The first clear written reference of the sobriquet Somali, however, dates back to the 15th century. Dur... | What did the Chinese call the northern Somali coast in the 9th century? | {
"text": [
"Po-pa-li"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
} |
56f9f9a18f12f3190063002f | Somalis | An Ancient Chinese document from the 9th century referred to the northern Somali coast — which was then called "Berbera" by Arab geographers in reference to the region's "Berber" (Cushitic) inhabitants — as Po-pa-li. The first clear written reference of the sobriquet Somali, however, dates back to the 15th century. Dur... | In what century was the term 'Somali' first used? | {
"text": [
"15th"
],
"answer_start": [
303
]
} |
56f9f9a18f12f31900630030 | Somalis | An Ancient Chinese document from the 9th century referred to the northern Somali coast — which was then called "Berbera" by Arab geographers in reference to the region's "Berber" (Cushitic) inhabitants — as Po-pa-li. The first clear written reference of the sobriquet Somali, however, dates back to the 15th century. Dur... | Who ordered that a hymn be composed that first mentioned the Somalis? | {
"text": [
"the Abyssinian Emperor"
],
"answer_start": [
405
]
} |
56f9f9a18f12f31900630031 | Somalis | An Ancient Chinese document from the 9th century referred to the northern Somali coast — which was then called "Berbera" by Arab geographers in reference to the region's "Berber" (Cushitic) inhabitants — as Po-pa-li. The first clear written reference of the sobriquet Somali, however, dates back to the 15th century. Dur... | Where was the Sultanate of Ifat located? | {
"text": [
"Zeila"
],
"answer_start": [
372
]
} |
56f9fa1e8f12f31900630037 | Somalis | Ancient rock paintings in Somalia which date back to 5000 years have been found in the northern part of the country, depicting early life in the territory. The most famous of these is the Laas Geel complex, which contains some of the earliest known rock art on the African continent and features many elaborate pastorali... | How long ago were rock paintings found in Somalia created? | {
"text": [
"5000 years"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} |
56f9fa1e8f12f31900630038 | Somalis | Ancient rock paintings in Somalia which date back to 5000 years have been found in the northern part of the country, depicting early life in the territory. The most famous of these is the Laas Geel complex, which contains some of the earliest known rock art on the African continent and features many elaborate pastorali... | Where are the most notable rock paintings located? | {
"text": [
"the Laas Geel complex"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
} |
56f9fa1e8f12f31900630039 | Somalis | Ancient rock paintings in Somalia which date back to 5000 years have been found in the northern part of the country, depicting early life in the territory. The most famous of these is the Laas Geel complex, which contains some of the earliest known rock art on the African continent and features many elaborate pastorali... | Along with animals, what is depicted on the rock paintings of Laas Geel? | {
"text": [
"human figures"
],
"answer_start": [
346
]
} |
56f9fa1e8f12f3190063003a | Somalis | Ancient rock paintings in Somalia which date back to 5000 years have been found in the northern part of the country, depicting early life in the territory. The most famous of these is the Laas Geel complex, which contains some of the earliest known rock art on the African continent and features many elaborate pastorali... | Where does a notable rock painting of a man on horseback exist? | {
"text": [
"the northern Dhambalin region"
],
"answer_start": [
386
]
} |
56f9fa1e8f12f3190063003b | Somalis | Ancient rock paintings in Somalia which date back to 5000 years have been found in the northern part of the country, depicting early life in the territory. The most famous of these is the Laas Geel complex, which contains some of the earliest known rock art on the African continent and features many elaborate pastorali... | In what geographic part of Somalia are these rock paintings commonly found? | {
"text": [
"northern"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} |
56f9fb6e8f12f31900630041 | Somalis | Inscriptions have been found beneath many of the rock paintings, but archaeologists have so far been unable to decipher this form of ancient writing. During the Stone age, the Doian culture and the Hargeisan culture flourished here with their respective industries and factories. | Along with the Hargesian culture, what culture was present in Somalia in the Stone age? | {
"text": [
"the Doian culture"
],
"answer_start": [
172
]
} |
56f9fb6e8f12f31900630042 | Somalis | Inscriptions have been found beneath many of the rock paintings, but archaeologists have so far been unable to decipher this form of ancient writing. During the Stone age, the Doian culture and the Hargeisan culture flourished here with their respective industries and factories. | What undeciphered writings were found alongside the rock paintings? | {
"text": [
"Inscriptions"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
56f9fb6e8f12f31900630043 | Somalis | Inscriptions have been found beneath many of the rock paintings, but archaeologists have so far been unable to decipher this form of ancient writing. During the Stone age, the Doian culture and the Hargeisan culture flourished here with their respective industries and factories. | During what period did the Doian culture thrive? | {
"text": [
"the Stone age"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
} |
56fa0002f34c681400b0bf3d | Somalis | The oldest evidence of burial customs in the Horn of Africa comes from cemeteries in Somalia dating back to 4th millennium BC. The stone implements from the Jalelo site in northern Somalia are said to be the most important link in evidence of the universality in palaeolithic times between the East and the West. | In what country is the oldest evidence of ceremonial burial in the Horn of Africa located? | {
"text": [
"Somalia"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
} |
56fa0002f34c681400b0bf3e | Somalis | The oldest evidence of burial customs in the Horn of Africa comes from cemeteries in Somalia dating back to 4th millennium BC. The stone implements from the Jalelo site in northern Somalia are said to be the most important link in evidence of the universality in palaeolithic times between the East and the West. | From what millennium do the oldest cemeteries in the Horn of Africa date? | {
"text": [
"4th millennium BC"
],
"answer_start": [
108
]
} |
56fa0002f34c681400b0bf3f | Somalis | The oldest evidence of burial customs in the Horn of Africa comes from cemeteries in Somalia dating back to 4th millennium BC. The stone implements from the Jalelo site in northern Somalia are said to be the most important link in evidence of the universality in palaeolithic times between the East and the West. | At what site were important paleolithic stone tools found? | {
"text": [
"the Jalelo site"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} |
56fa0002f34c681400b0bf40 | Somalis | The oldest evidence of burial customs in the Horn of Africa comes from cemeteries in Somalia dating back to 4th millennium BC. The stone implements from the Jalelo site in northern Somalia are said to be the most important link in evidence of the universality in palaeolithic times between the East and the West. | In what geographic part of Somalia were important paleolithic stone tools found? | {
"text": [
"northern"
],
"answer_start": [
172
]
} |
56fa0064f34c681400b0bf45 | Somalis | In antiquity, the ancestors of the Somali people were an important link in the Horn of Africa connecting the region's commerce with the rest of the ancient world. Somali sailors and merchants were the main suppliers of frankincense, myrrh and spices, items which were considered valuable luxuries by the Ancient Egyptian... | What economic activity in the Horn of Africa did the ancient Somalis connect to the rest of the world? | {
"text": [
"commerce"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} |
56fa0064f34c681400b0bf46 | Somalis | In antiquity, the ancestors of the Somali people were an important link in the Horn of Africa connecting the region's commerce with the rest of the ancient world. Somali sailors and merchants were the main suppliers of frankincense, myrrh and spices, items which were considered valuable luxuries by the Ancient Egyptian... | Along with myrrh and spices, what important luxury did ancient Somali merchants provide? | {
"text": [
"frankincense"
],
"answer_start": [
219
]
} |
56fa0064f34c681400b0bf47 | Somalis | In antiquity, the ancestors of the Somali people were an important link in the Horn of Africa connecting the region's commerce with the rest of the ancient world. Somali sailors and merchants were the main suppliers of frankincense, myrrh and spices, items which were considered valuable luxuries by the Ancient Egyptian... | Along with the ancient Phoenicians, Egyptians and Babylonians, what ancient people regarded myrrh as a luxury? | {
"text": [
"Mycenaeans"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
} |
56fa00e2f34c681400b0bf4b | Somalis | According to most scholars, the ancient Land of Punt and its inhabitants formed part of the ethnogenesis of the Somali people. The ancient Puntites were a nation of people that had close relations with Pharaonic Egypt during the times of Pharaoh Sahure and Queen Hatshepsut. The pyramidal structures, temples and ancient... | What ancient land was connected to the modern Somali people? | {
"text": [
"Land of Punt"
],
"answer_start": [
40
]
} |
56fa00e2f34c681400b0bf4c | Somalis | According to most scholars, the ancient Land of Punt and its inhabitants formed part of the ethnogenesis of the Somali people. The ancient Puntites were a nation of people that had close relations with Pharaonic Egypt during the times of Pharaoh Sahure and Queen Hatshepsut. The pyramidal structures, temples and ancient... | What nation did the Land of Put have a close relationship with? | {
"text": [
"Pharaonic Egypt"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
} |
56fa00e2f34c681400b0bf4d | Somalis | According to most scholars, the ancient Land of Punt and its inhabitants formed part of the ethnogenesis of the Somali people. The ancient Puntites were a nation of people that had close relations with Pharaonic Egypt during the times of Pharaoh Sahure and Queen Hatshepsut. The pyramidal structures, temples and ancient... | Who was a Queen of Egypt during the time when Punt and Egypt were close? | {
"text": [
"Hatshepsut"
],
"answer_start": [
263
]
} |
56fa00e2f34c681400b0bf4e | Somalis | According to most scholars, the ancient Land of Punt and its inhabitants formed part of the ethnogenesis of the Somali people. The ancient Puntites were a nation of people that had close relations with Pharaonic Egypt during the times of Pharaoh Sahure and Queen Hatshepsut. The pyramidal structures, temples and ancient... | Along with houses of dressed stone, what ancient architecture may have been influenced by Egypt? | {
"text": [
"pyramidal structures"
],
"answer_start": [
279
]
} |
56fa01668f12f3190063005b | Somalis | In the classical era, several ancient city-states such as Opone, Essina, Sarapion, Nikon, Malao, Damo and Mosylon near Cape Guardafui, which competed with the Sabaeans, Parthians and Axumites for the wealthy Indo-Greco-Roman trade, also flourished in Somalia. | Near what headland was Mosylon located? | {
"text": [
"Cape Guardafui"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} |
56fa01668f12f3190063005c | Somalis | In the classical era, several ancient city-states such as Opone, Essina, Sarapion, Nikon, Malao, Damo and Mosylon near Cape Guardafui, which competed with the Sabaeans, Parthians and Axumites for the wealthy Indo-Greco-Roman trade, also flourished in Somalia. | Along with Mosylon, Malao, Nikon, Sarapion, Opone and Essina, what city-state flourished in ancient Somalia? | {
"text": [
"Damo"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} |
56fa01668f12f3190063005d | Somalis | In the classical era, several ancient city-states such as Opone, Essina, Sarapion, Nikon, Malao, Damo and Mosylon near Cape Guardafui, which competed with the Sabaeans, Parthians and Axumites for the wealthy Indo-Greco-Roman trade, also flourished in Somalia. | Along with the Parthians and Axumites, who were the commercial competitors of the ancient Somalis? | {
"text": [
"Sabaeans"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} |
56fa01668f12f3190063005e | Somalis | In the classical era, several ancient city-states such as Opone, Essina, Sarapion, Nikon, Malao, Damo and Mosylon near Cape Guardafui, which competed with the Sabaeans, Parthians and Axumites for the wealthy Indo-Greco-Roman trade, also flourished in Somalia. | What trade did the ancient Somalis and others compete for? | {
"text": [
"Indo-Greco-Roman"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} |
56fa01e88f12f31900630063 | Somalis | The birth of Islam on the opposite side of Somalia's Red Sea coast meant that Somali merchants, sailors and expatriates living in the Arabian Peninsula gradually came under the influence of the new religion through their converted Arab Muslim trading partners. With the migration of fleeing Muslim families from the Isla... | What body of water separated Somalia from the land where Islam was born? | {
"text": [
"Red Sea"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} |
56fa01e88f12f31900630064 | Somalis | The birth of Islam on the opposite side of Somalia's Red Sea coast meant that Somali merchants, sailors and expatriates living in the Arabian Peninsula gradually came under the influence of the new religion through their converted Arab Muslim trading partners. With the migration of fleeing Muslim families from the Isla... | In what location was Islam born? | {
"text": [
"the Arabian Peninsula"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
} |
56fa01e88f12f31900630065 | Somalis | The birth of Islam on the opposite side of Somalia's Red Sea coast meant that Somali merchants, sailors and expatriates living in the Arabian Peninsula gradually came under the influence of the new religion through their converted Arab Muslim trading partners. With the migration of fleeing Muslim families from the Isla... | What civilization was Mogadishu a part of? | {
"text": [
"Berberi"
],
"answer_start": [
608
]
} |
56fa01e88f12f31900630066 | Somalis | The birth of Islam on the opposite side of Somalia's Red Sea coast meant that Somali merchants, sailors and expatriates living in the Arabian Peninsula gradually came under the influence of the new religion through their converted Arab Muslim trading partners. With the migration of fleeing Muslim families from the Isla... | What was another name for Mogadishu? | {
"text": [
"the City of Islam"
],
"answer_start": [
672
]
} |
56fa01e88f12f31900630067 | Somalis | The birth of Islam on the opposite side of Somalia's Red Sea coast meant that Somali merchants, sailors and expatriates living in the Arabian Peninsula gradually came under the influence of the new religion through their converted Arab Muslim trading partners. With the migration of fleeing Muslim families from the Isla... | The trade of what luxury in East Africa was once centered on Mogadishu? | {
"text": [
"gold"
],
"answer_start": [
723
]
} |
56fa02b68f12f31900630077 | Somalis | The Sultanate of Ifat, led by the Walashma dynasty with its capital at Zeila, ruled over parts of what is now eastern Ethiopia, Djibouti, and northern Somalia. The historian al-Umari records that Ifat was situated near the Red Sea coast, and states its size as 15 days travel by 20 days travel. Its army numbered 15,000 ... | What dynasty ruled the Sultanate of Ifat? | {
"text": [
"the Walashma dynasty"
],
"answer_start": [
30
]
} |
56fa02b68f12f31900630078 | Somalis | The Sultanate of Ifat, led by the Walashma dynasty with its capital at Zeila, ruled over parts of what is now eastern Ethiopia, Djibouti, and northern Somalia. The historian al-Umari records that Ifat was situated near the Red Sea coast, and states its size as 15 days travel by 20 days travel. Its army numbered 15,000 ... | What was the capital of the Sultanate of Ifat? | {
"text": [
"Zeila"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
} |
56fa02b68f12f31900630079 | Somalis | The Sultanate of Ifat, led by the Walashma dynasty with its capital at Zeila, ruled over parts of what is now eastern Ethiopia, Djibouti, and northern Somalia. The historian al-Umari records that Ifat was situated near the Red Sea coast, and states its size as 15 days travel by 20 days travel. Its army numbered 15,000 ... | Along with parts of Ethiopia and Somalia, in what modern-day country was the Sultanate of Ifat located? | {
"text": [
"Djibouti"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} |
56fa02b68f12f3190063007a | Somalis | The Sultanate of Ifat, led by the Walashma dynasty with its capital at Zeila, ruled over parts of what is now eastern Ethiopia, Djibouti, and northern Somalia. The historian al-Umari records that Ifat was situated near the Red Sea coast, and states its size as 15 days travel by 20 days travel. Its army numbered 15,000 ... | According to al-Umari, how many cavalry did the Sultanate of Ifat have? | {
"text": [
"15,000"
],
"answer_start": [
313
]
} |
56fa02b68f12f3190063007b | Somalis | The Sultanate of Ifat, led by the Walashma dynasty with its capital at Zeila, ruled over parts of what is now eastern Ethiopia, Djibouti, and northern Somalia. The historian al-Umari records that Ifat was situated near the Red Sea coast, and states its size as 15 days travel by 20 days travel. Its army numbered 15,000 ... | Near what body of water did al-Umari say Ifat was located? | {
"text": [
"the Red Sea"
],
"answer_start": [
219
]
} |
56fa03388f12f31900630081 | Somalis | In the Middle Ages, several powerful Somali empires dominated the regional trade including the Ajuran Sultanate, which excelled in hydraulic engineering and fortress building, the Sultanate of Adal, whose general Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (Ahmed Gurey) was the first commander to use cannon warfare on the continent dur... | What Somali polity of the Middle Ages was known for its fortresses? | {
"text": [
"the Ajuran Sultanate"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
56fa03388f12f31900630082 | Somalis | In the Middle Ages, several powerful Somali empires dominated the regional trade including the Ajuran Sultanate, which excelled in hydraulic engineering and fortress building, the Sultanate of Adal, whose general Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (Ahmed Gurey) was the first commander to use cannon warfare on the continent dur... | What state employed Abmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi? | {
"text": [
"the Sultanate of Adal"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
} |
56fa03388f12f31900630083 | Somalis | In the Middle Ages, several powerful Somali empires dominated the regional trade including the Ajuran Sultanate, which excelled in hydraulic engineering and fortress building, the Sultanate of Adal, whose general Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (Ahmed Gurey) was the first commander to use cannon warfare on the continent dur... | What was another name by which Abmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi was known? | {
"text": [
"Ahmed Gurey"
],
"answer_start": [
241
]
} |
56fa03388f12f31900630084 | Somalis | In the Middle Ages, several powerful Somali empires dominated the regional trade including the Ajuran Sultanate, which excelled in hydraulic engineering and fortress building, the Sultanate of Adal, whose general Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (Ahmed Gurey) was the first commander to use cannon warfare on the continent dur... | What state did Adal conquer? | {
"text": [
"the Ethiopian Empire"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} |
56fa03388f12f31900630085 | Somalis | In the Middle Ages, several powerful Somali empires dominated the regional trade including the Ajuran Sultanate, which excelled in hydraulic engineering and fortress building, the Sultanate of Adal, whose general Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (Ahmed Gurey) was the first commander to use cannon warfare on the continent dur... | What Somali leader received tribute from the Omani empire? | {
"text": [
"Sultan Ahmed Yusuf"
],
"answer_start": [
515
]
} |
56fa04418f12f3190063008b | Somalis | In the late 19th century, after the Berlin conference had ended, European empires sailed with their armies to the Horn of Africa. The imperial clouds wavering over Somalia alarmed the Dervish leader Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, who gathered Somali soldiers from across the Horn of Africa and began one of the longest anti-c... | What states supported the Dervish State? | {
"text": [
"the Ottoman and German empires"
],
"answer_start": [
547
]
} |
56fa04418f12f3190063008c | Somalis | In the late 19th century, after the Berlin conference had ended, European empires sailed with their armies to the Horn of Africa. The imperial clouds wavering over Somalia alarmed the Dervish leader Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, who gathered Somali soldiers from across the Horn of Africa and began one of the longest anti-c... | In what year did the British defeat the Dervishes? | {
"text": [
"1920"
],
"answer_start": [
829
]
} |
56fa04418f12f3190063008d | Somalis | In the late 19th century, after the Berlin conference had ended, European empires sailed with their armies to the Horn of Africa. The imperial clouds wavering over Somalia alarmed the Dervish leader Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, who gathered Somali soldiers from across the Horn of Africa and began one of the longest anti-c... | What was the capital of the Dervish State? | {
"text": [
"Taleex"
],
"answer_start": [
923
]
} |
56fa04418f12f3190063008e | Somalis | In the late 19th century, after the Berlin conference had ended, European empires sailed with their armies to the Horn of Africa. The imperial clouds wavering over Somalia alarmed the Dervish leader Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, who gathered Somali soldiers from across the Horn of Africa and began one of the longest anti-c... | In what year did Fascist Italy achieve full control of Somalia? | {
"text": [
"1927"
],
"answer_start": [
1198
]
} |
56fa04418f12f3190063008f | Somalis | In the late 19th century, after the Berlin conference had ended, European empires sailed with their armies to the Horn of Africa. The imperial clouds wavering over Somalia alarmed the Dervish leader Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, who gathered Somali soldiers from across the Horn of Africa and began one of the longest anti-c... | In what year did the Italian occupation of Somalia end? | {
"text": [
"1941"
],
"answer_start": [
1232
]
} |
56fa051df34c681400b0bf53 | Somalis | Following World War II, Britain retained control of both British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland as protectorates. In 1945, during the Potsdam Conference, the United Nations granted Italy trusteeship of Italian Somaliland, but only under close supervision and on the condition — first proposed by the Somali Youth Leag... | Along with British Somaliland, what country in the region was a British protectorate after the Second World War? | {
"text": [
"Italian Somaliland"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} |
56fa051df34c681400b0bf54 | Somalis | Following World War II, Britain retained control of both British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland as protectorates. In 1945, during the Potsdam Conference, the United Nations granted Italy trusteeship of Italian Somaliland, but only under close supervision and on the condition — first proposed by the Somali Youth Leag... | At what meeting did the United Nations give Italy trusteeship of Italian Somaliland? | {
"text": [
"the Potsdam Conference"
],
"answer_start": [
133
]
} |
56fa051df34c681400b0bf55 | Somalis | Following World War II, Britain retained control of both British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland as protectorates. In 1945, during the Potsdam Conference, the United Nations granted Italy trusteeship of Italian Somaliland, but only under close supervision and on the condition — first proposed by the Somali Youth Leag... | Along with the Somali Youth League and Somali National League, what was an early Somali political organization? | {
"text": [
"Hizbia Digil Mirifle Somali"
],
"answer_start": [
387
]
} |
56fa051df34c681400b0bf56 | Somalis | Following World War II, Britain retained control of both British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland as protectorates. In 1945, during the Potsdam Conference, the United Nations granted Italy trusteeship of Italian Somaliland, but only under close supervision and on the condition — first proposed by the Somali Youth Leag... | How many years would Italy have to allow Italian Somaliland to become independent? | {
"text": [
"ten"
],
"answer_start": [
502
]
} |
56fa051df34c681400b0bf57 | Somalis | Following World War II, Britain retained control of both British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland as protectorates. In 1945, during the Potsdam Conference, the United Nations granted Italy trusteeship of Italian Somaliland, but only under close supervision and on the condition — first proposed by the Somali Youth Leag... | In what year was the British protectorate over British Somaliland ended? | {
"text": [
"1960"
],
"answer_start": [
573
]
} |
56fa07ecf34c681400b0bf65 | Somalis | To the extent that Italy held the territory by UN mandate, the trusteeship provisions gave the Somalis the opportunity to gain experience in political education and self-government. These were advantages that British Somaliland, which was to be incorporated into the new Somali state, did not have. Although in the 1950s... | Along with the Haud, what area of Somalia was given to Ethiopia by the British? | {
"text": [
"the Ogaden"
],
"answer_start": [
895
]
} |
56fa07ecf34c681400b0bf66 | Somalis | To the extent that Italy held the territory by UN mandate, the trusteeship provisions gave the Somalis the opportunity to gain experience in political education and self-government. These were advantages that British Somaliland, which was to be incorporated into the new Somali state, did not have. Although in the 1950s... | In what year did the British give the Haud to Ethiopia? | {
"text": [
"1948"
],
"answer_start": [
652
]
} |
56fa07ecf34c681400b0bf67 | Somalis | To the extent that Italy held the territory by UN mandate, the trusteeship provisions gave the Somalis the opportunity to gain experience in political education and self-government. These were advantages that British Somaliland, which was to be incorporated into the new Somali state, did not have. Although in the 1950s... | The Ogaden was given to Ethiopia on the basis of a treaty signed by the British with what Ethiopian leader? | {
"text": [
"Emperor Menelik"
],
"answer_start": [
1018
]
} |
56fa07ecf34c681400b0bf68 | Somalis | To the extent that Italy held the territory by UN mandate, the trusteeship provisions gave the Somalis the opportunity to gain experience in political education and self-government. These were advantages that British Somaliland, which was to be incorporated into the new Somali state, did not have. Although in the 1950s... | In what year did Britain try to purchase Somali lands from Ethiopia? | {
"text": [
"1956"
],
"answer_start": [
1280
]
} |
56fa07ecf34c681400b0bf69 | Somalis | To the extent that Italy held the territory by UN mandate, the trusteeship provisions gave the Somalis the opportunity to gain experience in political education and self-government. These were advantages that British Somaliland, which was to be incorporated into the new Somali state, did not have. Although in the 1950s... | What people constituted almost the entire population of the Northern Frontier District? | {
"text": [
"Somali"
],
"answer_start": [
1396
]
} |
56fa083af34c681400b0bf6f | Somalis | A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes ... | What was Djibouti called in 1958? | {
"text": [
"French Somaliland"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} |
56fa083af34c681400b0bf70 | Somalis | A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes ... | In what year did Somalia become independent? | {
"text": [
"1960"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} |
56fa083af34c681400b0bf71 | Somalis | A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes ... | What was Mahmoud Harbi's title? | {
"text": [
"Vice President of the Government Council"
],
"answer_start": [
654
]
} |
56fa083af34c681400b0bf72 | Somalis | A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes ... | When did Djibouti achieve independence? | {
"text": [
"1977"
],
"answer_start": [
803
]
} |
56fa083af34c681400b0bf73 | Somalis | A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes ... | Who was the first president of Djibouti? | {
"text": [
"Hassan Gouled Aptidon"
],
"answer_start": [
813
]
} |
56fa08a8f34c681400b0bf79 | Somalis | British Somaliland became independent on 26 June 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On 1 July 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, albeit within boundaries drawn up by Italy and Britain. A government... | On what date did British Somaliland gain independence? | {
"text": [
"26 June 1960"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} |
56fa08a8f34c681400b0bf7a | Somalis | British Somaliland became independent on 26 June 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On 1 July 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, albeit within boundaries drawn up by Italy and Britain. A government... | What was British Somaliland known as upon achieving independence? | {
"text": [
"the State of Somaliland"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} |
56fa08a8f34c681400b0bf7b | Somalis | British Somaliland became independent on 26 June 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On 1 July 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, albeit within boundaries drawn up by Italy and Britain. A government... | What state formed the Somali Republic with British Somaliland? | {
"text": [
"the Trust Territory of Somalia"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} |
56fa08a8f34c681400b0bf7c | Somalis | British Somaliland became independent on 26 June 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On 1 July 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, albeit within boundaries drawn up by Italy and Britain. A government... | On what date did the former British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland unite? | {
"text": [
"1 July 1960"
],
"answer_start": [
183
]
} |
56fa08a8f34c681400b0bf7d | Somalis | British Somaliland became independent on 26 June 1960 as the State of Somaliland, and the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) followed suit five days later. On 1 July 1960, the two territories united to form the Somali Republic, albeit within boundaries drawn up by Italy and Britain. A government... | Who was the first President of the Somali Republic? | {
"text": [
"Aden Abdullah Osman Daar"
],
"answer_start": [
528
]
} |
56fa09148f12f319006300a9 | Somalis | On 15 October 1969, while paying a visit to the northern town of Las Anod, Somalia's then President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke was shot dead by one of his own bodyguards. His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup d'état on 21 October 1969 (the day after his funeral), in which the Somali Army seized power ... | On what date was Abdirashid Ali Shermarke assassinated? | {
"text": [
"15 October 1969"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
56fa09148f12f319006300aa | Somalis | On 15 October 1969, while paying a visit to the northern town of Las Anod, Somalia's then President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke was shot dead by one of his own bodyguards. His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup d'état on 21 October 1969 (the day after his funeral), in which the Somali Army seized power ... | Who assassinated Abdirashid Ali Shermarke? | {
"text": [
"one of his own bodyguards"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} |
56fa09148f12f319006300ab | Somalis | On 15 October 1969, while paying a visit to the northern town of Las Anod, Somalia's then President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke was shot dead by one of his own bodyguards. His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup d'état on 21 October 1969 (the day after his funeral), in which the Somali Army seized power ... | On what day, the day after the funeral of Abdirashid Ali Shermarke, did a coup occur? | {
"text": [
"21 October 1969"
],
"answer_start": [
237
]
} |
56fa09148f12f319006300ac | Somalis | On 15 October 1969, while paying a visit to the northern town of Las Anod, Somalia's then President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke was shot dead by one of his own bodyguards. His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup d'état on 21 October 1969 (the day after his funeral), in which the Somali Army seized power ... | Who was the commander of the army when the coup occurred? | {
"text": [
"Mohamed Siad Barre"
],
"answer_start": [
438
]
} |
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