id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 217 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
5707083f90286e26004fc824 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the Napoleonic Occupation of Spain, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest of progressive ideas, declared Mexican independence in the small town of Dolores, Guanajuato on September 16, 1810 with a proclamation known as the "Grito de Dolores". Hidalgo built a large support among intellectuals, liberal pries... | What was the name of the royalist who captured Hidalgo? | {
"text": [
"Ignacio Elizondo"
],
"answer_start": [
1057
]
} |
5707083f90286e26004fc825 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the Napoleonic Occupation of Spain, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest of progressive ideas, declared Mexican independence in the small town of Dolores, Guanajuato on September 16, 1810 with a proclamation known as the "Grito de Dolores". Hidalgo built a large support among intellectuals, liberal pries... | Which country had Hidalgo attempted to reach to gain support? | {
"text": [
"United States"
],
"answer_start": [
749
]
} |
57070a329e06ca38007e92e3 | Chihuahua_(state) | At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutierrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. Santa Anna ordered the reinstatement of Mendarozqueta as comandante general. Gutiérrez yielded, but Escalante refused to surrender office, de... | Who did Santa Anna order the reinstatement as comandante general? | {
"text": [
"Mendarozqueta"
],
"answer_start": [
219
]
} |
57070a329e06ca38007e92e4 | Chihuahua_(state) | At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutierrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. Santa Anna ordered the reinstatement of Mendarozqueta as comandante general. Gutiérrez yielded, but Escalante refused to surrender office, de... | What was the name of the federalist army officer who eventually came into power during the new election? | {
"text": [
"José Urrea"
],
"answer_start": [
502
]
} |
57070a329e06ca38007e92e5 | Chihuahua_(state) | At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutierrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. Santa Anna ordered the reinstatement of Mendarozqueta as comandante general. Gutiérrez yielded, but Escalante refused to surrender office, de... | Who had actually won the original vote? | {
"text": [
"Gutierrez"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} |
57070a329e06ca38007e92e6 | Chihuahua_(state) | At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutierrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. Santa Anna ordered the reinstatement of Mendarozqueta as comandante general. Gutiérrez yielded, but Escalante refused to surrender office, de... | Who was his deputy? | {
"text": [
"P. J. Escalante"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} |
57070a329e06ca38007e92e7 | Chihuahua_(state) | At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutierrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. Santa Anna ordered the reinstatement of Mendarozqueta as comandante general. Gutiérrez yielded, but Escalante refused to surrender office, de... | Who refused to yield until troops were summoned? | {
"text": [
"Escalante"
],
"answer_start": [
356
]
} |
57070af49e06ca38007e92f5 | Chihuahua_(state) | The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, by American diplomat Nicholas Trist and Mexican plenipotentiary representatives Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, and Miguel Atristain, ended the war, gave the U.S. undisputed control of Texas, and established the U.S.–Mexican border of the Rio Grande. As news ... | What was the name of the treaty that ended the war? | {
"text": [
"The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
57070af49e06ca38007e92f6 | Chihuahua_(state) | The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, by American diplomat Nicholas Trist and Mexican plenipotentiary representatives Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, and Miguel Atristain, ended the war, gave the U.S. undisputed control of Texas, and established the U.S.–Mexican border of the Rio Grande. As news ... | In which year was the treaty signed? | {
"text": [
"1848"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
} |
57070af49e06ca38007e92f7 | Chihuahua_(state) | The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, by American diplomat Nicholas Trist and Mexican plenipotentiary representatives Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, and Miguel Atristain, ended the war, gave the U.S. undisputed control of Texas, and established the U.S.–Mexican border of the Rio Grande. As news ... | Control over which current U.S. state was given to the U.S. under this treaty? | {
"text": [
"Texas"
],
"answer_start": [
246
]
} |
57070af49e06ca38007e92f8 | Chihuahua_(state) | The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, by American diplomat Nicholas Trist and Mexican plenipotentiary representatives Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, and Miguel Atristain, ended the war, gave the U.S. undisputed control of Texas, and established the U.S.–Mexican border of the Rio Grande. As news ... | How long did the U.S. continue to maintain control over the state capital after the treaty? | {
"text": [
"three months"
],
"answer_start": [
1362
]
} |
57070af49e06ca38007e92f9 | Chihuahua_(state) | The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed on February 2, 1848, by American diplomat Nicholas Trist and Mexican plenipotentiary representatives Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, and Miguel Atristain, ended the war, gave the U.S. undisputed control of Texas, and established the U.S.–Mexican border of the Rio Grande. As news ... | Which American general misunderstood the Mexican message sent to Sacramento Pass? | {
"text": [
"General Price"
],
"answer_start": [
802
]
} |
57070b9290286e26004fc845 | Chihuahua_(state) | In consequence to the Reform War, the federal government was bankrupt and could not pay its foreign debts to Spain, England, and France. On July 17, 1861, President Juárez decreed a moratorium on payment to foreign debtors for a period of two years. Spain, England, and France did not accept the moratorium by Mexico; th... | Which countries owned Mexican debt? | {
"text": [
"Spain, England, and France"
],
"answer_start": [
109
]
} |
57070b9290286e26004fc846 | Chihuahua_(state) | In consequence to the Reform War, the federal government was bankrupt and could not pay its foreign debts to Spain, England, and France. On July 17, 1861, President Juárez decreed a moratorium on payment to foreign debtors for a period of two years. Spain, England, and France did not accept the moratorium by Mexico; th... | Who was the President of Mexico at the time? | {
"text": [
"President Juárez"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} |
57070b9290286e26004fc847 | Chihuahua_(state) | In consequence to the Reform War, the federal government was bankrupt and could not pay its foreign debts to Spain, England, and France. On July 17, 1861, President Juárez decreed a moratorium on payment to foreign debtors for a period of two years. Spain, England, and France did not accept the moratorium by Mexico; th... | Who was the Foreign Affairs Minister? | {
"text": [
"Manuel Doblado"
],
"answer_start": [
622
]
} |
57070b9290286e26004fc848 | Chihuahua_(state) | In consequence to the Reform War, the federal government was bankrupt and could not pay its foreign debts to Spain, England, and France. On July 17, 1861, President Juárez decreed a moratorium on payment to foreign debtors for a period of two years. Spain, England, and France did not accept the moratorium by Mexico; th... | Who convinced the English to accept the terms of the pact? | {
"text": [
"General Juan Prim of Spain"
],
"answer_start": [
715
]
} |
57070b9290286e26004fc849 | Chihuahua_(state) | In consequence to the Reform War, the federal government was bankrupt and could not pay its foreign debts to Spain, England, and France. On July 17, 1861, President Juárez decreed a moratorium on payment to foreign debtors for a period of two years. Spain, England, and France did not accept the moratorium by Mexico; th... | Which country refused to accept? | {
"text": [
"France"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} |
57070c1d90286e26004fc84f | Chihuahua_(state) | Maximilian was deeply dissatisfied with General Bazaine's decision to abandon the state capital of Chihuahua and immediately ordered Agustín B. Billaut to recapture the city. On December 11, 1865, Billaut with a force of 500 men took control of the city. By January 31, 1866 Billaut was ordered to leave Chihuahua, but h... | Who was deeply dissatisfied with Bazaine's decision to abandon Chihuahua? | {
"text": [
"Maximilian"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
57070c1d90286e26004fc850 | Chihuahua_(state) | Maximilian was deeply dissatisfied with General Bazaine's decision to abandon the state capital of Chihuahua and immediately ordered Agustín B. Billaut to recapture the city. On December 11, 1865, Billaut with a force of 500 men took control of the city. By January 31, 1866 Billaut was ordered to leave Chihuahua, but h... | How many men did Billaut have when he recaptured the city? | {
"text": [
"500"
],
"answer_start": [
221
]
} |
57070c1d90286e26004fc851 | Chihuahua_(state) | Maximilian was deeply dissatisfied with General Bazaine's decision to abandon the state capital of Chihuahua and immediately ordered Agustín B. Billaut to recapture the city. On December 11, 1865, Billaut with a force of 500 men took control of the city. By January 31, 1866 Billaut was ordered to leave Chihuahua, but h... | At its zenith, the imperialist forces controlled all but how many states in Mexico? | {
"text": [
"four"
],
"answer_start": [
435
]
} |
57070c1d90286e26004fc852 | Chihuahua_(state) | Maximilian was deeply dissatisfied with General Bazaine's decision to abandon the state capital of Chihuahua and immediately ordered Agustín B. Billaut to recapture the city. On December 11, 1865, Billaut with a force of 500 men took control of the city. By January 31, 1866 Billaut was ordered to leave Chihuahua, but h... | Which four states opposed the French? | {
"text": [
"Guerrero, Chihuahua, Sonora, and Baja California"
],
"answer_start": [
524
]
} |
57070c1d90286e26004fc853 | Chihuahua_(state) | Maximilian was deeply dissatisfied with General Bazaine's decision to abandon the state capital of Chihuahua and immediately ordered Agustín B. Billaut to recapture the city. On December 11, 1865, Billaut with a force of 500 men took control of the city. By January 31, 1866 Billaut was ordered to leave Chihuahua, but h... | In which year did Billaut capture Chihuahua? | {
"text": [
"1865"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
} |
57070c9b9e06ca38007e9323 | Chihuahua_(state) | After the death of the president Benito Juárez in 1872, the first magistracy of the country was occupied by the vice-president Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, who called for new elections. Two candidates were registered; Lerdo de Tejada and General Porfirio Díaz, one of the heroes of the Battle of Puebla which had taken pla... | In which year did Benito Juarez die? | {
"text": [
"1872"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} |
57070c9b9e06ca38007e9324 | Chihuahua_(state) | After the death of the president Benito Juárez in 1872, the first magistracy of the country was occupied by the vice-president Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, who called for new elections. Two candidates were registered; Lerdo de Tejada and General Porfirio Díaz, one of the heroes of the Battle of Puebla which had taken pla... | The two candidates were heroes of what battle? | {
"text": [
"Battle of Puebla"
],
"answer_start": [
284
]
} |
57070c9b9e06ca38007e9325 | Chihuahua_(state) | After the death of the president Benito Juárez in 1872, the first magistracy of the country was occupied by the vice-president Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, who called for new elections. Two candidates were registered; Lerdo de Tejada and General Porfirio Díaz, one of the heroes of the Battle of Puebla which had taken pla... | Which plan defended the "No Re-election" principle? | {
"text": [
"The Plan of Tuxtepec"
],
"answer_start": [
539
]
} |
57070c9b9e06ca38007e9326 | Chihuahua_(state) | After the death of the president Benito Juárez in 1872, the first magistracy of the country was occupied by the vice-president Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, who called for new elections. Two candidates were registered; Lerdo de Tejada and General Porfirio Díaz, one of the heroes of the Battle of Puebla which had taken pla... | Which party rebelled against the administration? | {
"text": [
"Lerdista party"
],
"answer_start": [
1322
]
} |
57070c9b9e06ca38007e9327 | Chihuahua_(state) | After the death of the president Benito Juárez in 1872, the first magistracy of the country was occupied by the vice-president Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, who called for new elections. Two candidates were registered; Lerdo de Tejada and General Porfirio Díaz, one of the heroes of the Battle of Puebla which had taken pla... | Which city was occupied by the Lerdista forces? | {
"text": [
"El Paso del Norte"
],
"answer_start": [
1451
]
} |
57070e6c9e06ca38007e934b | Chihuahua_(state) | In March 1912, in Chihuahua, Gen. Pascual Orozco revolted. Immediately President Francisco Madero commanded Gen. Victoriano Huerta of the Federal Army, to put down the Orozco revolt. The governor of Chihuahua mobilized the state militia led by Colonel Pancho Villa to supplement General Huerta. By June, Villa notified H... | Which year did Orozco revolt? | {
"text": [
"1912"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} |
57070e6c9e06ca38007e934c | Chihuahua_(state) | In March 1912, in Chihuahua, Gen. Pascual Orozco revolted. Immediately President Francisco Madero commanded Gen. Victoriano Huerta of the Federal Army, to put down the Orozco revolt. The governor of Chihuahua mobilized the state militia led by Colonel Pancho Villa to supplement General Huerta. By June, Villa notified H... | Who notified Huerta the revolt had been put down? | {
"text": [
"Villa"
],
"answer_start": [
304
]
} |
57070e6c9e06ca38007e934d | Chihuahua_(state) | In March 1912, in Chihuahua, Gen. Pascual Orozco revolted. Immediately President Francisco Madero commanded Gen. Victoriano Huerta of the Federal Army, to put down the Orozco revolt. The governor of Chihuahua mobilized the state militia led by Colonel Pancho Villa to supplement General Huerta. By June, Villa notified H... | Who saved Villa's life? | {
"text": [
"Raúl Madero"
],
"answer_start": [
523
]
} |
57070e6c9e06ca38007e934e | Chihuahua_(state) | In March 1912, in Chihuahua, Gen. Pascual Orozco revolted. Immediately President Francisco Madero commanded Gen. Victoriano Huerta of the Federal Army, to put down the Orozco revolt. The governor of Chihuahua mobilized the state militia led by Colonel Pancho Villa to supplement General Huerta. By June, Villa notified H... | With whom did Orozco side? | {
"text": [
"Huerta"
],
"answer_start": [
764
]
} |
57070f0c9e06ca38007e9353 | Chihuahua_(state) | Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide ri... | Which state has more forests than Chihuahua? | {
"text": [
"Durango"
],
"answer_start": [
158
]
} |
57070f0c9e06ca38007e9354 | Chihuahua_(state) | Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide ri... | The state of Chihuahua is primarily identified with what type of landscape? | {
"text": [
"Desert"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
} |
57070f0c9e06ca38007e9355 | Chihuahua_(state) | Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide ri... | The Copper Canyon is deeper than what popular American canyon? | {
"text": [
"Grand Canyon"
],
"answer_start": [
578
]
} |
57070f0c9e06ca38007e9356 | Chihuahua_(state) | Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide ri... | Along which two valleys do most inhabitants of Chihuahua live? | {
"text": [
"Rio Grande Valley and the Conchos River Valley"
],
"answer_start": [
857
]
} |
57070f0c9e06ca38007e9357 | Chihuahua_(state) | Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide ri... | The Sierra Madre Occidentals are an extension of which American mountain range? | {
"text": [
"Rocky Mountains"
],
"answer_start": [
397
]
} |
57070f6d90286e26004fc86d | Chihuahua_(state) | Public opinion pressured the U.S. government to bring Villa to justice for the raid on Columbus, New Mexico; U.S. President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and some 5,000 troops into Mexico in an unsuccessful attempt to capture Villa. It was known as the Punitive Expedition. After nearly a year of pursuing Villa, Ame... | Which city did Villa raid? | {
"text": [
"Columbus, New Mexico"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} |
57070f6d90286e26004fc86e | Chihuahua_(state) | Public opinion pressured the U.S. government to bring Villa to justice for the raid on Columbus, New Mexico; U.S. President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and some 5,000 troops into Mexico in an unsuccessful attempt to capture Villa. It was known as the Punitive Expedition. After nearly a year of pursuing Villa, Ame... | Which American president pursued Villa? | {
"text": [
"President Wilson"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
} |
57070f6d90286e26004fc86f | Chihuahua_(state) | Public opinion pressured the U.S. government to bring Villa to justice for the raid on Columbus, New Mexico; U.S. President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and some 5,000 troops into Mexico in an unsuccessful attempt to capture Villa. It was known as the Punitive Expedition. After nearly a year of pursuing Villa, Ame... | How long did the American troops pursue Villa? | {
"text": [
"nearly a year"
],
"answer_start": [
284
]
} |
57070f6d90286e26004fc870 | Chihuahua_(state) | Public opinion pressured the U.S. government to bring Villa to justice for the raid on Columbus, New Mexico; U.S. President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and some 5,000 troops into Mexico in an unsuccessful attempt to capture Villa. It was known as the Punitive Expedition. After nearly a year of pursuing Villa, Ame... | In which year was Villa assassinated? | {
"text": [
"1923"
],
"answer_start": [
648
]
} |
57070f6d90286e26004fc871 | Chihuahua_(state) | Public opinion pressured the U.S. government to bring Villa to justice for the raid on Columbus, New Mexico; U.S. President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and some 5,000 troops into Mexico in an unsuccessful attempt to capture Villa. It was known as the Punitive Expedition. After nearly a year of pursuing Villa, Ame... | In which city was Villa killed? | {
"text": [
"Parral"
],
"answer_start": [
772
]
} |
57070fe09e06ca38007e9365 | Chihuahua_(state) | La Cueva De Las Ventanas (The Cave of Windows), a series of cliff dwellings along an important trade route, and Las Jarillas Cave scrambled along the canyons of the Sierra Madre in Northwestern Chihuahua date between AD 1205 and 1260 and belong to the Paquimé culture. Cuarenta Casas is thought to have been a branch set... | Along which mountain range does the Cave of Windows lie? | {
"text": [
"Sierra Madre"
],
"answer_start": [
165
]
} |
57070fe09e06ca38007e9366 | Chihuahua_(state) | La Cueva De Las Ventanas (The Cave of Windows), a series of cliff dwellings along an important trade route, and Las Jarillas Cave scrambled along the canyons of the Sierra Madre in Northwestern Chihuahua date between AD 1205 and 1260 and belong to the Paquimé culture. Cuarenta Casas is thought to have been a branch set... | Cuarenta Casas is thought to be a branch of which settlement? | {
"text": [
"Paquime"
],
"answer_start": [
333
]
} |
57070fe09e06ca38007e9367 | Chihuahua_(state) | La Cueva De Las Ventanas (The Cave of Windows), a series of cliff dwellings along an important trade route, and Las Jarillas Cave scrambled along the canyons of the Sierra Madre in Northwestern Chihuahua date between AD 1205 and 1260 and belong to the Paquimé culture. Cuarenta Casas is thought to have been a branch set... | Where did the Paquime seek refuge? | {
"text": [
"Sierra Madre Occidental"
],
"answer_start": [
534
]
} |
57070fe09e06ca38007e9368 | Chihuahua_(state) | La Cueva De Las Ventanas (The Cave of Windows), a series of cliff dwellings along an important trade route, and Las Jarillas Cave scrambled along the canyons of the Sierra Madre in Northwestern Chihuahua date between AD 1205 and 1260 and belong to the Paquimé culture. Cuarenta Casas is thought to have been a branch set... | Which current native tribes are thought to be descendants of the Casas Grandes? | {
"text": [
"Yaqui, Mayo, Opata, and Tarahumara"
],
"answer_start": [
700
]
} |
5707107390286e26004fc889 | Chihuahua_(state) | and Camargo. In 1631 Juan Rangel de Biezma discovered a rich vein of silver, and subsequently established San Jose del Parral near the site. Parral remained an important economic and cultural center for the next 300 years. On December 8, 1659 Fray García de San Francisco founded the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalu... | Which precious metal did Biezma discover? | {
"text": [
"silver"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
} |
5707107390286e26004fc88a | Chihuahua_(state) | and Camargo. In 1631 Juan Rangel de Biezma discovered a rich vein of silver, and subsequently established San Jose del Parral near the site. Parral remained an important economic and cultural center for the next 300 years. On December 8, 1659 Fray García de San Francisco founded the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalu... | How many years was Parral an important economic and cultural center? | {
"text": [
"300 years"
],
"answer_start": [
212
]
} |
5707107390286e26004fc88b | Chihuahua_(state) | and Camargo. In 1631 Juan Rangel de Biezma discovered a rich vein of silver, and subsequently established San Jose del Parral near the site. Parral remained an important economic and cultural center for the next 300 years. On December 8, 1659 Fray García de San Francisco founded the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalu... | In which year did Sante Fe inhabitants return home from seeking refuge? | {
"text": [
"1692"
],
"answer_start": [
855
]
} |
5707107390286e26004fc88c | Chihuahua_(state) | and Camargo. In 1631 Juan Rangel de Biezma discovered a rich vein of silver, and subsequently established San Jose del Parral near the site. Parral remained an important economic and cultural center for the next 300 years. On December 8, 1659 Fray García de San Francisco founded the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalu... | Which new state capital was founded in 1709? | {
"text": [
"Chihuahua City"
],
"answer_start": [
975
]
} |
5707107390286e26004fc88d | Chihuahua_(state) | and Camargo. In 1631 Juan Rangel de Biezma discovered a rich vein of silver, and subsequently established San Jose del Parral near the site. Parral remained an important economic and cultural center for the next 300 years. On December 8, 1659 Fray García de San Francisco founded the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalu... | In which city had the inhabitants of Sante Fe been seeking refuge? | {
"text": [
"El Paso Del Norte"
],
"answer_start": [
746
]
} |
570710cb90286e26004fc893 | Chihuahua_(state) | The earliest evidence of human inhabitants of modern day Chihuahua was discovered in the area of Samalayuca and Rancho Colorado. Clovis points have been found in northeastern Chihuahua that have been dated from 12,000 BC to 7000 BC. It is thought that these inhabitants were hunter gatherers. Inhabitants of the state la... | In which areas were the earliest human inhabitants discovered? | {
"text": [
"Samalayuca and Rancho Colorado"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} |
570710cb90286e26004fc894 | Chihuahua_(state) | The earliest evidence of human inhabitants of modern day Chihuahua was discovered in the area of Samalayuca and Rancho Colorado. Clovis points have been found in northeastern Chihuahua that have been dated from 12,000 BC to 7000 BC. It is thought that these inhabitants were hunter gatherers. Inhabitants of the state la... | What range of years are the oldest ruins from? | {
"text": [
"12,000 BC to 7000 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
} |
570710cb90286e26004fc895 | Chihuahua_(state) | The earliest evidence of human inhabitants of modern day Chihuahua was discovered in the area of Samalayuca and Rancho Colorado. Clovis points have been found in northeastern Chihuahua that have been dated from 12,000 BC to 7000 BC. It is thought that these inhabitants were hunter gatherers. Inhabitants of the state la... | Which vegetable were they found to have been farming? | {
"text": [
"corn"
],
"answer_start": [
368
]
} |
570710cb90286e26004fc896 | Chihuahua_(state) | The earliest evidence of human inhabitants of modern day Chihuahua was discovered in the area of Samalayuca and Rancho Colorado. Clovis points have been found in northeastern Chihuahua that have been dated from 12,000 BC to 7000 BC. It is thought that these inhabitants were hunter gatherers. Inhabitants of the state la... | Around what year were the ceramic artifacts found to have been from? | {
"text": [
"2000 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
535
]
} |
570711569e06ca38007e9377 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the period from 2000–2005 it is estimated that 49,722 people left the state for the United States. Some 82,000 people are thought to have immigrated to the state from 2000–2005 mainly coming from Veracruz (17.6%), United States (16.2%), Durango (13.2%), Coahuila (8.0%) and Chiapas (4.5%). It is believed that the... | How many people left the state for the U.S. between 2000-2005? | {
"text": [
"49,722"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} |
570711569e06ca38007e9378 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the period from 2000–2005 it is estimated that 49,722 people left the state for the United States. Some 82,000 people are thought to have immigrated to the state from 2000–2005 mainly coming from Veracruz (17.6%), United States (16.2%), Durango (13.2%), Coahuila (8.0%) and Chiapas (4.5%). It is believed that the... | In which city is there a large number of undocumented immigrants? | {
"text": [
"Ciudad Juárez"
],
"answer_start": [
445
]
} |
570711569e06ca38007e9379 | Chihuahua_(state) | During the period from 2000–2005 it is estimated that 49,722 people left the state for the United States. Some 82,000 people are thought to have immigrated to the state from 2000–2005 mainly coming from Veracruz (17.6%), United States (16.2%), Durango (13.2%), Coahuila (8.0%) and Chiapas (4.5%). It is believed that the... | Is the population density the highest or lowest of any Mexican state? | {
"text": [
"lowest"
],
"answer_start": [
588
]
} |
570711569e06ca38007e937a | Chihuahua_(state) | During the period from 2000–2005 it is estimated that 49,722 people left the state for the United States. Some 82,000 people are thought to have immigrated to the state from 2000–2005 mainly coming from Veracruz (17.6%), United States (16.2%), Durango (13.2%), Coahuila (8.0%) and Chiapas (4.5%). It is believed that the... | Which are the largest two cities in the state? | {
"text": [
"Ciudad Juárez and Chihuahua"
],
"answer_start": [
782
]
} |
570711b19e06ca38007e937f | Chihuahua_(state) | In the constituent legislature or convention, the conservative and liberal elements formed using the nicknames of Chirrines and Cuchas. The military entered as a third party. The elections for the first regular legislature were disputed, and it was not until May 1, 1826, that the body was installed. The liberals gained... | Which nicknames were used to form the conservative and liberal elements? | {
"text": [
"Chirrines and Cuchas"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
} |
570711b19e06ca38007e9380 | Chihuahua_(state) | In the constituent legislature or convention, the conservative and liberal elements formed using the nicknames of Chirrines and Cuchas. The military entered as a third party. The elections for the first regular legislature were disputed, and it was not until May 1, 1826, that the body was installed. The liberals gained... | Which was the third party? | {
"text": [
"The military"
],
"answer_start": [
136
]
} |
570711b19e06ca38007e9381 | Chihuahua_(state) | In the constituent legislature or convention, the conservative and liberal elements formed using the nicknames of Chirrines and Cuchas. The military entered as a third party. The elections for the first regular legislature were disputed, and it was not until May 1, 1826, that the body was installed. The liberals gained... | In which year was the body installed? | {
"text": [
"1826"
],
"answer_start": [
266
]
} |
570711b19e06ca38007e9382 | Chihuahua_(state) | In the constituent legislature or convention, the conservative and liberal elements formed using the nicknames of Chirrines and Cuchas. The military entered as a third party. The elections for the first regular legislature were disputed, and it was not until May 1, 1826, that the body was installed. The liberals gained... | Which party had gained control? | {
"text": [
"liberals"
],
"answer_start": [
305
]
} |
570711b19e06ca38007e9383 | Chihuahua_(state) | In the constituent legislature or convention, the conservative and liberal elements formed using the nicknames of Chirrines and Cuchas. The military entered as a third party. The elections for the first regular legislature were disputed, and it was not until May 1, 1826, that the body was installed. The liberals gained... | Who was the Durango governor? | {
"text": [
"Santiago Baca Ortiz"
],
"answer_start": [
557
]
} |
5707121890286e26004fc8a3 | Chihuahua_(state) | In 1562 Francisco de Ibarra headed a personal expedition in search of the mythical cities of Cibola and Quivira; he traveled through the present-day state of Chihuahua. Francisco de Ibarra is thought to have been the first European to see the ruins of Paquime. In 1564 Rodrigo de Río de Loza, a lieutenant under Francisc... | Which cities was Ibarra looking for? | {
"text": [
"Cibola and Quivira"
],
"answer_start": [
93
]
} |
5707121890286e26004fc8a4 | Chihuahua_(state) | In 1562 Francisco de Ibarra headed a personal expedition in search of the mythical cities of Cibola and Quivira; he traveled through the present-day state of Chihuahua. Francisco de Ibarra is thought to have been the first European to see the ruins of Paquime. In 1564 Rodrigo de Río de Loza, a lieutenant under Francisc... | Through which present-day state did he travel? | {
"text": [
"Chihuahua"
],
"answer_start": [
158
]
} |
5707121890286e26004fc8a5 | Chihuahua_(state) | In 1562 Francisco de Ibarra headed a personal expedition in search of the mythical cities of Cibola and Quivira; he traveled through the present-day state of Chihuahua. Francisco de Ibarra is thought to have been the first European to see the ruins of Paquime. In 1564 Rodrigo de Río de Loza, a lieutenant under Francisc... | Ibarra is thought to have been the first European to see the ruins of which city? | {
"text": [
"Paquime"
],
"answer_start": [
252
]
} |
5707121890286e26004fc8a6 | Chihuahua_(state) | In 1562 Francisco de Ibarra headed a personal expedition in search of the mythical cities of Cibola and Quivira; he traveled through the present-day state of Chihuahua. Francisco de Ibarra is thought to have been the first European to see the ruins of Paquime. In 1564 Rodrigo de Río de Loza, a lieutenant under Francisc... | Which was the first Spanish city founded in the region? | {
"text": [
"Santa Barbara"
],
"answer_start": [
493
]
} |
5707121890286e26004fc8a7 | Chihuahua_(state) | In 1562 Francisco de Ibarra headed a personal expedition in search of the mythical cities of Cibola and Quivira; he traveled through the present-day state of Chihuahua. Francisco de Ibarra is thought to have been the first European to see the ruins of Paquime. In 1564 Rodrigo de Río de Loza, a lieutenant under Francisc... | What caused a temporary exodus from Nueva Vizcaya? | {
"text": [
"epidemic"
],
"answer_start": [
889
]
} |
570712839e06ca38007e9393 | Chihuahua_(state) | According to the Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI), 95.6% of the population over the age of 15 could read and write Spanish, and 97.3% of children of ages 8–14 could read and write Spanish. An estimated 93.5% of the population ages 6–14 attend an institution of education. Estimated 12.8... | What percentage of the population over 15 could read and write Spanish? | {
"text": [
"95.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
} |
570712839e06ca38007e9394 | Chihuahua_(state) | According to the Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI), 95.6% of the population over the age of 15 could read and write Spanish, and 97.3% of children of ages 8–14 could read and write Spanish. An estimated 93.5% of the population ages 6–14 attend an institution of education. Estimated 12.8... | What percentage of children ages 8-14 could read and write Spanish? | {
"text": [
"97.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
162
]
} |
570712839e06ca38007e9395 | Chihuahua_(state) | According to the Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI), 95.6% of the population over the age of 15 could read and write Spanish, and 97.3% of children of ages 8–14 could read and write Spanish. An estimated 93.5% of the population ages 6–14 attend an institution of education. Estimated 12.8... | What percentage of children age 6-14 attend an institution of education? | {
"text": [
"93.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
236
]
} |
570712839e06ca38007e9396 | Chihuahua_(state) | According to the Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI), 95.6% of the population over the age of 15 could read and write Spanish, and 97.3% of children of ages 8–14 could read and write Spanish. An estimated 93.5% of the population ages 6–14 attend an institution of education. Estimated 12.8... | What percentage of the population have obtained a college degree? | {
"text": [
"12.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
316
]
} |
5707130190286e26004fc8b5 | Chihuahua_(state) | The state has the 12th-largest state economy in Mexico, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s GDP. Chihuahua has the fifth highest manufacturing GDP in Mexico and ranks second for the most factories funded by foreign investment in the country. As of 2011[update], the state had an estimated 396 billion pesos (31.1 billio... | The state's economy ranks in what place in the country Mexico | {
"text": [
"12th-largest"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} |
5707130190286e26004fc8b6 | Chihuahua_(state) | The state has the 12th-largest state economy in Mexico, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s GDP. Chihuahua has the fifth highest manufacturing GDP in Mexico and ranks second for the most factories funded by foreign investment in the country. As of 2011[update], the state had an estimated 396 billion pesos (31.1 billio... | What was the GDP of the state as of 2011? | {
"text": [
"396 billion pesos"
],
"answer_start": [
290
]
} |
5707130190286e26004fc8b7 | Chihuahua_(state) | The state has the 12th-largest state economy in Mexico, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s GDP. Chihuahua has the fifth highest manufacturing GDP in Mexico and ranks second for the most factories funded by foreign investment in the country. As of 2011[update], the state had an estimated 396 billion pesos (31.1 billio... | Which sector was the largest portion of the economy? | {
"text": [
"service sector"
],
"answer_start": [
401
]
} |
5707130190286e26004fc8b8 | Chihuahua_(state) | The state has the 12th-largest state economy in Mexico, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s GDP. Chihuahua has the fifth highest manufacturing GDP in Mexico and ranks second for the most factories funded by foreign investment in the country. As of 2011[update], the state had an estimated 396 billion pesos (31.1 billio... | Which sector was the second largest? | {
"text": [
"the manufacturing and industrial sector"
],
"answer_start": [
482
]
} |
5707130190286e26004fc8b9 | Chihuahua_(state) | The state has the 12th-largest state economy in Mexico, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s GDP. Chihuahua has the fifth highest manufacturing GDP in Mexico and ranks second for the most factories funded by foreign investment in the country. As of 2011[update], the state had an estimated 396 billion pesos (31.1 billio... | The state received how much in remittances from the U.S. in 2011? | {
"text": [
"884 million dollars"
],
"answer_start": [
791
]
} |
570713ba9e06ca38007e93a5 | Chihuahua_(state) | The general features of the preceding occurrence applied also to Chihuahua, although in a modified form. The first person elected under the new constitution of 1825 was Simón Elías Gonzalez, who being in Sonora, was induced to remain there. José Antonio Arcé took his place as ruler in Chihuahua. In 1829, González becam... | Who was the first person elected under the new constitution? | {
"text": [
"Simón Elías Gonzalez"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} |
570713ba9e06ca38007e93a6 | Chihuahua_(state) | The general features of the preceding occurrence applied also to Chihuahua, although in a modified form. The first person elected under the new constitution of 1825 was Simón Elías Gonzalez, who being in Sonora, was induced to remain there. José Antonio Arcé took his place as ruler in Chihuahua. In 1829, González becam... | Where was Gonzalez located when he was elected? | {
"text": [
"Sonora"
],
"answer_start": [
204
]
} |
570713ba9e06ca38007e93a7 | Chihuahua_(state) | The general features of the preceding occurrence applied also to Chihuahua, although in a modified form. The first person elected under the new constitution of 1825 was Simón Elías Gonzalez, who being in Sonora, was induced to remain there. José Antonio Arcé took his place as ruler in Chihuahua. In 1829, González becam... | In which year did Gonzalez become commander of Chihuahua? | {
"text": [
"1829"
],
"answer_start": [
300
]
} |
570713ba9e06ca38007e93a8 | Chihuahua_(state) | The general features of the preceding occurrence applied also to Chihuahua, although in a modified form. The first person elected under the new constitution of 1825 was Simón Elías Gonzalez, who being in Sonora, was induced to remain there. José Antonio Arcé took his place as ruler in Chihuahua. In 1829, González becam... | For whom was the revolution named? | {
"text": [
"Bustamante"
],
"answer_start": [
656
]
} |
570713ba9e06ca38007e93a9 | Chihuahua_(state) | The general features of the preceding occurrence applied also to Chihuahua, although in a modified form. The first person elected under the new constitution of 1825 was Simón Elías Gonzalez, who being in Sonora, was induced to remain there. José Antonio Arcé took his place as ruler in Chihuahua. In 1829, González becam... | Stringed laws were issued against what group? | {
"text": [
"secret societies"
],
"answer_start": [
999
]
} |
570714249e06ca38007e93af | Chihuahua_(state) | Between AD 300 and 1300 in the northern part of the state along the wide, fertile valley on the San Miguel River the Casas Grandes (Big Houses) culture developed into an advanced civilization. The Casas Grandes civilization is part of a major prehistoric archaeological culture known as Mogollon which is related to the ... | In which region of the state did culture develop? | {
"text": [
"northern"
],
"answer_start": [
31
]
} |
570714249e06ca38007e93b0 | Chihuahua_(state) | Between AD 300 and 1300 in the northern part of the state along the wide, fertile valley on the San Miguel River the Casas Grandes (Big Houses) culture developed into an advanced civilization. The Casas Grandes civilization is part of a major prehistoric archaeological culture known as Mogollon which is related to the ... | To what does Casas Grandes translate in English? | {
"text": [
"Big Houses"
],
"answer_start": [
132
]
} |
570714249e06ca38007e93b1 | Chihuahua_(state) | Between AD 300 and 1300 in the northern part of the state along the wide, fertile valley on the San Miguel River the Casas Grandes (Big Houses) culture developed into an advanced civilization. The Casas Grandes civilization is part of a major prehistoric archaeological culture known as Mogollon which is related to the ... | Which prehistoric culture did Casas Grandes stem from? | {
"text": [
"Mogollon"
],
"answer_start": [
287
]
} |
570714249e06ca38007e93b2 | Chihuahua_(state) | Between AD 300 and 1300 in the northern part of the state along the wide, fertile valley on the San Miguel River the Casas Grandes (Big Houses) culture developed into an advanced civilization. The Casas Grandes civilization is part of a major prehistoric archaeological culture known as Mogollon which is related to the ... | What city was the center of the Casas Grandes civilization? | {
"text": [
"Paquime"
],
"answer_start": [
346
]
} |
570714249e06ca38007e93b3 | Chihuahua_(state) | Between AD 300 and 1300 in the northern part of the state along the wide, fertile valley on the San Miguel River the Casas Grandes (Big Houses) culture developed into an advanced civilization. The Casas Grandes civilization is part of a major prehistoric archaeological culture known as Mogollon which is related to the ... | To what does Cuarenta Casas translate in English? | {
"text": [
"Forty Houses"
],
"answer_start": [
510
]
} |
570714959e06ca38007e93b9 | Chihuahua_(state) | The state seemed at relative calm compared to the rest of the country due to its close ties to the United States until 1841. In 1843 the possibility of war was anticipated by the state government and it began to reinforce the defense lines along the political boundary with Texas. Supplies of weapons were sent to fully ... | Until what year did the state remain calm? | {
"text": [
"1841"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} |
570714959e06ca38007e93ba | Chihuahua_(state) | The state seemed at relative calm compared to the rest of the country due to its close ties to the United States until 1841. In 1843 the possibility of war was anticipated by the state government and it began to reinforce the defense lines along the political boundary with Texas. Supplies of weapons were sent to fully ... | In which year did the state begin to reinforce defense? | {
"text": [
"1843"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} |
570714959e06ca38007e93bb | Chihuahua_(state) | The state seemed at relative calm compared to the rest of the country due to its close ties to the United States until 1841. In 1843 the possibility of war was anticipated by the state government and it began to reinforce the defense lines along the political boundary with Texas. Supplies of weapons were sent to fully ... | What was the price of the small force along the border? | {
"text": [
"160,603 pesos per year"
],
"answer_start": [
601
]
} |
570714959e06ca38007e93bc | Chihuahua_(state) | The state seemed at relative calm compared to the rest of the country due to its close ties to the United States until 1841. In 1843 the possibility of war was anticipated by the state government and it began to reinforce the defense lines along the political boundary with Texas. Supplies of weapons were sent to fully ... | The state decreed that how many men serve along the border in 1846? | {
"text": [
"6,000"
],
"answer_start": [
975
]
} |
570714959e06ca38007e93bd | Chihuahua_(state) | The state seemed at relative calm compared to the rest of the country due to its close ties to the United States until 1841. In 1843 the possibility of war was anticipated by the state government and it began to reinforce the defense lines along the political boundary with Texas. Supplies of weapons were sent to fully ... | Who took measures to the state level for self-dependence due to diminishing financial support from the federal government? | {
"text": [
"Ángel Trías"
],
"answer_start": [
1373
]
} |
570714f39e06ca38007e93c3 | Chihuahua_(state) | Santa Bárbara became the launching place for expeditions into New Mexico by Spanish conquistadors like: Antonio de Espejo, Gaspar Castaño, Antonio Gutiérrez de Umaña, Francisco Leyba de Bonilla, and Vicente de Zaldívar. Several expeditions were led to find a shorter route from Santa Barbara to New Mexico. In April 1598... | Which city became the launching place for expeditions into New Mexico? | {
"text": [
"Santa Bárbara"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
570714f39e06ca38007e93c4 | Chihuahua_(state) | Santa Bárbara became the launching place for expeditions into New Mexico by Spanish conquistadors like: Antonio de Espejo, Gaspar Castaño, Antonio Gutiérrez de Umaña, Francisco Leyba de Bonilla, and Vicente de Zaldívar. Several expeditions were led to find a shorter route from Santa Barbara to New Mexico. In April 1598... | In which year was El Paso del Norte found? | {
"text": [
"1598"
],
"answer_start": [
316
]
} |
570714f39e06ca38007e93c5 | Chihuahua_(state) | Santa Bárbara became the launching place for expeditions into New Mexico by Spanish conquistadors like: Antonio de Espejo, Gaspar Castaño, Antonio Gutiérrez de Umaña, Francisco Leyba de Bonilla, and Vicente de Zaldívar. Several expeditions were led to find a shorter route from Santa Barbara to New Mexico. In April 1598... | The path was important for the expansion of which road? | {
"text": [
"El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro"
],
"answer_start": [
530
]
} |
570714f39e06ca38007e93c6 | Chihuahua_(state) | Santa Bárbara became the launching place for expeditions into New Mexico by Spanish conquistadors like: Antonio de Espejo, Gaspar Castaño, Antonio Gutiérrez de Umaña, Francisco Leyba de Bonilla, and Vicente de Zaldívar. Several expeditions were led to find a shorter route from Santa Barbara to New Mexico. In April 1598... | Which U.S. state benefited from this road? | {
"text": [
"New Mexico"
],
"answer_start": [
732
]
} |
570715649e06ca38007e93cb | Chihuahua_(state) | Hidalgo is hailed as the Father of the Nation even though it was Agustin de Iturbide and not Hidalgo who achieved Mexican Independence in 1821. Shortly after gaining independence, the day to celebrate it varied between September 16, the day of Hidalgo's Grito, and September 27, the day Iturbide rode into Mexico City to... | Who was hailed as the Father of the Nation? | {
"text": [
"Hidalgo"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
570715649e06ca38007e93cc | Chihuahua_(state) | Hidalgo is hailed as the Father of the Nation even though it was Agustin de Iturbide and not Hidalgo who achieved Mexican Independence in 1821. Shortly after gaining independence, the day to celebrate it varied between September 16, the day of Hidalgo's Grito, and September 27, the day Iturbide rode into Mexico City to... | Who actually achieved independence for the nation? | {
"text": [
"Agustin de Iturbide"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
} |
570715649e06ca38007e93cd | Chihuahua_(state) | Hidalgo is hailed as the Father of the Nation even though it was Agustin de Iturbide and not Hidalgo who achieved Mexican Independence in 1821. Shortly after gaining independence, the day to celebrate it varied between September 16, the day of Hidalgo's Grito, and September 27, the day Iturbide rode into Mexico City to... | Which day eventually became the official day of Mexican Independence? | {
"text": [
"September 16, 1810"
],
"answer_start": [
449
]
} |
570715649e06ca38007e93ce | Chihuahua_(state) | Hidalgo is hailed as the Father of the Nation even though it was Agustin de Iturbide and not Hidalgo who achieved Mexican Independence in 1821. Shortly after gaining independence, the day to celebrate it varied between September 16, the day of Hidalgo's Grito, and September 27, the day Iturbide rode into Mexico City to... | Who painted Hidalgo's image on half a dozen murals? | {
"text": [
"Diego Rivera"
],
"answer_start": [
749
]
} |
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