id
stringlengths
24
24
title
stringlengths
3
59
context
stringlengths
151
3.71k
question
stringlengths
12
217
answers
dict
57071e999e06ca38007e946e
Chihuahua_(state)
The Díaz administration made political decisions and took legal measures that allowed the elite throughout Mexico to concentrate the nation's wealth by favoring monopolies. During this time, two-fifths of the state's territory was divided among 17 rich families which owned practically all of the arable land in Chihuahu...
What were installed throughout the state in 1883?
{ "text": [ "telephone lines" ], "answer_start": [ 777 ] }
57071e999e06ca38007e946f
Chihuahua_(state)
The Díaz administration made political decisions and took legal measures that allowed the elite throughout Mexico to concentrate the nation's wealth by favoring monopolies. During this time, two-fifths of the state's territory was divided among 17 rich families which owned practically all of the arable land in Chihuahu...
Asian immigrants became integral to the state economy by opening what businesses?
{ "text": [ "restaurants, small grocery stores, and hotels." ], "answer_start": [ 1295 ] }
57071f039e06ca38007e9475
Chihuahua_(state)
The end of the Porfiriato came in 1910 with the beginning of the Mexican Revolution. Díaz had stated that Mexico was ready for democracy and he would step down to allow other candidates to compete for the presidency, but Díaz decided to run again in 1910 for the last time against Francisco I. Madero. During the campaig...
The Porfiriato ended in which year?
{ "text": [ "1910" ], "answer_start": [ 34 ] }
57071f039e06ca38007e9476
Chihuahua_(state)
The end of the Porfiriato came in 1910 with the beginning of the Mexican Revolution. Díaz had stated that Mexico was ready for democracy and he would step down to allow other candidates to compete for the presidency, but Díaz decided to run again in 1910 for the last time against Francisco I. Madero. During the campaig...
The beginning of what ended the Porfiriato?
{ "text": [ "Mexican Revolution" ], "answer_start": [ 65 ] }
57071f039e06ca38007e9477
Chihuahua_(state)
The end of the Porfiriato came in 1910 with the beginning of the Mexican Revolution. Díaz had stated that Mexico was ready for democracy and he would step down to allow other candidates to compete for the presidency, but Díaz decided to run again in 1910 for the last time against Francisco I. Madero. During the campaig...
Who stated that Mexico was ready for a Democracy and that he would step down?
{ "text": [ "Díaz" ], "answer_start": [ 85 ] }
57071f039e06ca38007e9478
Chihuahua_(state)
The end of the Porfiriato came in 1910 with the beginning of the Mexican Revolution. Díaz had stated that Mexico was ready for democracy and he would step down to allow other candidates to compete for the presidency, but Díaz decided to run again in 1910 for the last time against Francisco I. Madero. During the campaig...
Who was incarcerated while running against Diaz?
{ "text": [ "Madero" ], "answer_start": [ 294 ] }
57071f039e06ca38007e9479
Chihuahua_(state)
The end of the Porfiriato came in 1910 with the beginning of the Mexican Revolution. Díaz had stated that Mexico was ready for democracy and he would step down to allow other candidates to compete for the presidency, but Díaz decided to run again in 1910 for the last time against Francisco I. Madero. During the campaig...
Who took up arms in support of Madero?
{ "text": [ "Toribio Ortega" ], "answer_start": [ 478 ] }
57071f5290286e26004fc921
Chihuahua_(state)
The uneasy alliance of Carranza, Obregón, Villa, and Zapata eventually led the rebels to victory. The fight against Huerta formally ended on August 15, 1914, when Álvaro Obregón signed a number of treaties in Teoloyucan in which the last of Huerta's forces surrendered to him and recognized the constitutional government...
The uneasy alliance between whom eventually won rebels the victory?
{ "text": [ "Carranza, Obregón, Villa, and Zapata" ], "answer_start": [ 23 ] }
57071f5290286e26004fc922
Chihuahua_(state)
The uneasy alliance of Carranza, Obregón, Villa, and Zapata eventually led the rebels to victory. The fight against Huerta formally ended on August 15, 1914, when Álvaro Obregón signed a number of treaties in Teoloyucan in which the last of Huerta's forces surrendered to him and recognized the constitutional government...
The fight against Huerta formally ended on which date?
{ "text": [ "August 15, 1914" ], "answer_start": [ 141 ] }
57071f5290286e26004fc923
Chihuahua_(state)
The uneasy alliance of Carranza, Obregón, Villa, and Zapata eventually led the rebels to victory. The fight against Huerta formally ended on August 15, 1914, when Álvaro Obregón signed a number of treaties in Teoloyucan in which the last of Huerta's forces surrendered to him and recognized the constitutional government...
In which city did Obregon sign a number of treaties?
{ "text": [ "Teoloyucan" ], "answer_start": [ 209 ] }
57071f5290286e26004fc924
Chihuahua_(state)
The uneasy alliance of Carranza, Obregón, Villa, and Zapata eventually led the rebels to victory. The fight against Huerta formally ended on August 15, 1914, when Álvaro Obregón signed a number of treaties in Teoloyucan in which the last of Huerta's forces surrendered to him and recognized the constitutional government...
Who made a triumphant entry into Mexico City on August 20, 1914?
{ "text": [ "Carranza" ], "answer_start": [ 342 ] }
570720299e06ca38007e947f
Chihuahua_(state)
The main mountain range in the state is the Sierra Madre Occidental reaching a maximum altitude of 10,826 ft (3,300 m) known as Cerro Mohinora. Mountains account for one third of the state's surface area which include large coniferous forests. The climate in the mountainous regions varies Chihuahua has more forests tha...
Which is the main mountain range in the state?
{ "text": [ "Sierra Madre Occidental" ], "answer_start": [ 44 ] }
570720299e06ca38007e9480
Chihuahua_(state)
The main mountain range in the state is the Sierra Madre Occidental reaching a maximum altitude of 10,826 ft (3,300 m) known as Cerro Mohinora. Mountains account for one third of the state's surface area which include large coniferous forests. The climate in the mountainous regions varies Chihuahua has more forests tha...
What altitude does the mountain range reach at maximum?
{ "text": [ "10,826 ft (3,300 m)" ], "answer_start": [ 99 ] }
570720299e06ca38007e9481
Chihuahua_(state)
The main mountain range in the state is the Sierra Madre Occidental reaching a maximum altitude of 10,826 ft (3,300 m) known as Cerro Mohinora. Mountains account for one third of the state's surface area which include large coniferous forests. The climate in the mountainous regions varies Chihuahua has more forests tha...
Which state has more forests than any other?
{ "text": [ "Chihuahua" ], "answer_start": [ 290 ] }
570720299e06ca38007e9482
Chihuahua_(state)
The main mountain range in the state is the Sierra Madre Occidental reaching a maximum altitude of 10,826 ft (3,300 m) known as Cerro Mohinora. Mountains account for one third of the state's surface area which include large coniferous forests. The climate in the mountainous regions varies Chihuahua has more forests tha...
Precipitation and temperature in the mountainous region depend on what?
{ "text": [ "elevation" ], "answer_start": [ 544 ] }
570720299e06ca38007e9483
Chihuahua_(state)
The main mountain range in the state is the Sierra Madre Occidental reaching a maximum altitude of 10,826 ft (3,300 m) known as Cerro Mohinora. Mountains account for one third of the state's surface area which include large coniferous forests. The climate in the mountainous regions varies Chihuahua has more forests tha...
What type of plants can be found in some canyons?
{ "text": [ "tropical" ], "answer_start": [ 1107 ] }
570720969e06ca38007e9489
Chihuahua_(state)
In the far eastern part of the state the Chihuahuan Desert dominates due to low precipitation and extremely high temperatures; some areas of the eastern part of the state are so dry no vegetation is found like the Sand Dunes of Samalayuca. There are two distinctive climate zones found in the eastern part of the state: ...
What type of land dominates in the eastern part of the state?
{ "text": [ "Desert" ], "answer_start": [ 52 ] }
570720969e06ca38007e948a
Chihuahua_(state)
In the far eastern part of the state the Chihuahuan Desert dominates due to low precipitation and extremely high temperatures; some areas of the eastern part of the state are so dry no vegetation is found like the Sand Dunes of Samalayuca. There are two distinctive climate zones found in the eastern part of the state: ...
Which city is known for its sand dunes?
{ "text": [ "Samalayuca" ], "answer_start": [ 228 ] }
570720969e06ca38007e948b
Chihuahua_(state)
In the far eastern part of the state the Chihuahuan Desert dominates due to low precipitation and extremely high temperatures; some areas of the eastern part of the state are so dry no vegetation is found like the Sand Dunes of Samalayuca. There are two distinctive climate zones found in the eastern part of the state: ...
Both types of climate zones in the eastern part of the state are what?
{ "text": [ "Desert" ], "answer_start": [ 324 ] }
570720969e06ca38007e948c
Chihuahua_(state)
In the far eastern part of the state the Chihuahuan Desert dominates due to low precipitation and extremely high temperatures; some areas of the eastern part of the state are so dry no vegetation is found like the Sand Dunes of Samalayuca. There are two distinctive climate zones found in the eastern part of the state: ...
The transition zone between east and west is called what?
{ "text": [ "the Steppe" ], "answer_start": [ 583 ] }
570720f290286e26004fc929
Chihuahua_(state)
The state is also a host to a large population of birds which include endemic species and migratory species: greater roadrunner Geococcyx californianus, cactus wren Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus, Mexican jay Aphelocoma ultramarina, Steller's jay Cyanocitta stelleri, acorn woodpecker Melanerpes formicivorus, canyon to...
The state hosts populations of birds of both endemic species and what?
{ "text": [ "migratory species" ], "answer_start": [ 90 ] }
570720f290286e26004fc92a
Chihuahua_(state)
The state is also a host to a large population of birds which include endemic species and migratory species: greater roadrunner Geococcyx californianus, cactus wren Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus, Mexican jay Aphelocoma ultramarina, Steller's jay Cyanocitta stelleri, acorn woodpecker Melanerpes formicivorus, canyon to...
Cynanthus latirostris is what type of bird?
{ "text": [ "hummingbird" ], "answer_start": [ 385 ] }
570720f290286e26004fc92b
Chihuahua_(state)
The state is also a host to a large population of birds which include endemic species and migratory species: greater roadrunner Geococcyx californianus, cactus wren Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus, Mexican jay Aphelocoma ultramarina, Steller's jay Cyanocitta stelleri, acorn woodpecker Melanerpes formicivorus, canyon to...
Aquila chrysaetos is what type of bird?
{ "text": [ "golden eagle" ], "answer_start": [ 526 ] }
570720f290286e26004fc92c
Chihuahua_(state)
The state is also a host to a large population of birds which include endemic species and migratory species: greater roadrunner Geococcyx californianus, cactus wren Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus, Mexican jay Aphelocoma ultramarina, Steller's jay Cyanocitta stelleri, acorn woodpecker Melanerpes formicivorus, canyon to...
Which endemic species has symbolic significance to Mexicans?
{ "text": [ "Trogon mexicanus" ], "answer_start": [ 558 ] }
5707217c90286e26004fc931
Chihuahua_(state)
During the Mexican Revolution, Álvaro Obregón invited a group of Canadian German-speaking Mennonites to resettle in Mexico. By the late 1920s, some 7,000 had immigrated to Chihuahua State and Durango State, almost all from Canada, only a few from the U.S. and Russia. Today, Mexico accounts for about 42% of all Mennonit...
Who invited Canadians to resettle in Mexico during the Mexican Revolution?
{ "text": [ "Álvaro Obregón" ], "answer_start": [ 31 ] }
5707217c90286e26004fc932
Chihuahua_(state)
During the Mexican Revolution, Álvaro Obregón invited a group of Canadian German-speaking Mennonites to resettle in Mexico. By the late 1920s, some 7,000 had immigrated to Chihuahua State and Durango State, almost all from Canada, only a few from the U.S. and Russia. Today, Mexico accounts for about 42% of all Mennonit...
Today, Mexico accounts for what percentage of Mennonites in Latin America?
{ "text": [ "42%" ], "answer_start": [ 301 ] }
5707217c90286e26004fc933
Chihuahua_(state)
During the Mexican Revolution, Álvaro Obregón invited a group of Canadian German-speaking Mennonites to resettle in Mexico. By the late 1920s, some 7,000 had immigrated to Chihuahua State and Durango State, almost all from Canada, only a few from the U.S. and Russia. Today, Mexico accounts for about 42% of all Mennonit...
Mennonites speak a form of which language predominantly?
{ "text": [ "German" ], "answer_start": [ 481 ] }
5707217c90286e26004fc934
Chihuahua_(state)
During the Mexican Revolution, Álvaro Obregón invited a group of Canadian German-speaking Mennonites to resettle in Mexico. By the late 1920s, some 7,000 had immigrated to Chihuahua State and Durango State, almost all from Canada, only a few from the U.S. and Russia. Today, Mexico accounts for about 42% of all Mennonit...
Which food do Mennonites excel in producing?
{ "text": [ "cheese" ], "answer_start": [ 655 ] }
5707217c90286e26004fc935
Chihuahua_(state)
During the Mexican Revolution, Álvaro Obregón invited a group of Canadian German-speaking Mennonites to resettle in Mexico. By the late 1920s, some 7,000 had immigrated to Chihuahua State and Durango State, almost all from Canada, only a few from the U.S. and Russia. Today, Mexico accounts for about 42% of all Mennonit...
Mennonites account for about how much of the state's farm economy?
{ "text": [ "half" ], "answer_start": [ 608 ] }
5707220e90286e26004fc93b
Chihuahua_(state)
Agriculture is a relatively small component of the state's economy and varies greatly due to the varying climate across the state. The state ranked first in Mexico for the production of the following crops: oats, chile verde, cotton, apples, pecans, and membrillo. The state has an important dairy industry with large mi...
Agriculture varies across the state because of the variation in what?
{ "text": [ "climate" ], "answer_start": [ 105 ] }
5707220e90286e26004fc93c
Chihuahua_(state)
Agriculture is a relatively small component of the state's economy and varies greatly due to the varying climate across the state. The state ranked first in Mexico for the production of the following crops: oats, chile verde, cotton, apples, pecans, and membrillo. The state has an important dairy industry with large mi...
Which fruit does the state rank first in production?
{ "text": [ "apples" ], "answer_start": [ 234 ] }
5707220e90286e26004fc93d
Chihuahua_(state)
Agriculture is a relatively small component of the state's economy and varies greatly due to the varying climate across the state. The state ranked first in Mexico for the production of the following crops: oats, chile verde, cotton, apples, pecans, and membrillo. The state has an important dairy industry with large mi...
The state produces lots of dairy which large processors of what dairy product?
{ "text": [ "milk" ], "answer_start": [ 318 ] }
5707220e90286e26004fc93e
Chihuahua_(state)
Agriculture is a relatively small component of the state's economy and varies greatly due to the varying climate across the state. The state ranked first in Mexico for the production of the following crops: oats, chile verde, cotton, apples, pecans, and membrillo. The state has an important dairy industry with large mi...
The state ranks second in the production of what type of wood?
{ "text": [ "oak" ], "answer_start": [ 485 ] }
5707220e90286e26004fc93f
Chihuahua_(state)
Agriculture is a relatively small component of the state's economy and varies greatly due to the varying climate across the state. The state ranked first in Mexico for the production of the following crops: oats, chile verde, cotton, apples, pecans, and membrillo. The state has an important dairy industry with large mi...
The state ranked second with over 150,000 metric tons of what metal?
{ "text": [ "zinc" ], "answer_start": [ 735 ] }
5707229c90286e26004fc945
Chihuahua_(state)
Nueva Vizcaya (New Biscay) was the first province of northern New Spain to be explored and settled by the Spanish. Around 1528, a group of Spaniard explorers, led by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, first entered the actual territory of what is now Chihuahua. The conquest of the territory lasted nearly one century, and enco...
What was the first province of northern New Spain to be explored?
{ "text": [ "Nueva Vizcaya" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
5707229c90286e26004fc946
Chihuahua_(state)
Nueva Vizcaya (New Biscay) was the first province of northern New Spain to be explored and settled by the Spanish. Around 1528, a group of Spaniard explorers, led by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, first entered the actual territory of what is now Chihuahua. The conquest of the territory lasted nearly one century, and enco...
Around 1528, a group of Spaniards entered the territory that now makes up what state?
{ "text": [ "Chihuahua" ], "answer_start": [ 244 ] }
5707229c90286e26004fc947
Chihuahua_(state)
Nueva Vizcaya (New Biscay) was the first province of northern New Spain to be explored and settled by the Spanish. Around 1528, a group of Spaniard explorers, led by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, first entered the actual territory of what is now Chihuahua. The conquest of the territory lasted nearly one century, and enco...
The conquest of the territory lasted nearly how long?
{ "text": [ "one century" ], "answer_start": [ 299 ] }
5707229c90286e26004fc948
Chihuahua_(state)
Nueva Vizcaya (New Biscay) was the first province of northern New Spain to be explored and settled by the Spanish. Around 1528, a group of Spaniard explorers, led by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, first entered the actual territory of what is now Chihuahua. The conquest of the territory lasted nearly one century, and enco...
Which tribe resisted fiercely this conquest?
{ "text": [ "Conchos tribe" ], "answer_start": [ 355 ] }
5707229c90286e26004fc949
Chihuahua_(state)
Nueva Vizcaya (New Biscay) was the first province of northern New Spain to be explored and settled by the Spanish. Around 1528, a group of Spaniard explorers, led by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, first entered the actual territory of what is now Chihuahua. The conquest of the territory lasted nearly one century, and enco...
The Spanish crown wanted to turn the region into what type of industry?
{ "text": [ "mining center" ], "answer_start": [ 446 ] }
5707233f90286e26004fc94f
Chihuahua_(state)
Hidalgo was turned over to the Bishop of Durango, Francisco Gabriel de Olivares, for an official defrocking and excommunication on July 27, 1811. He was then found guilty of treason by a military court and executed by firing squad on July 30 at 7 in the morning. Before his execution, he thanked his jailers, Private Sol...
Hidalgo was turned over by whom?
{ "text": [ "Bishop of Durango, Francisco Gabriel de Olivares" ], "answer_start": [ 31 ] }
5707233f90286e26004fc950
Chihuahua_(state)
Hidalgo was turned over to the Bishop of Durango, Francisco Gabriel de Olivares, for an official defrocking and excommunication on July 27, 1811. He was then found guilty of treason by a military court and executed by firing squad on July 30 at 7 in the morning. Before his execution, he thanked his jailers, Private Sol...
In which year was Hidalgo turned over?
{ "text": [ "1811" ], "answer_start": [ 140 ] }
5707233f90286e26004fc951
Chihuahua_(state)
Hidalgo was turned over to the Bishop of Durango, Francisco Gabriel de Olivares, for an official defrocking and excommunication on July 27, 1811. He was then found guilty of treason by a military court and executed by firing squad on July 30 at 7 in the morning. Before his execution, he thanked his jailers, Private Sol...
How was Hidalgo executed after having been found guilty?
{ "text": [ "firing squad" ], "answer_start": [ 218 ] }
5707233f90286e26004fc952
Chihuahua_(state)
Hidalgo was turned over to the Bishop of Durango, Francisco Gabriel de Olivares, for an official defrocking and excommunication on July 27, 1811. He was then found guilty of treason by a military court and executed by firing squad on July 30 at 7 in the morning. Before his execution, he thanked his jailers, Private Sol...
Hidalgo refused the use of what during his execution?
{ "text": [ "blindfold" ], "answer_start": [ 521 ] }
5707233f90286e26004fc953
Chihuahua_(state)
Hidalgo was turned over to the Bishop of Durango, Francisco Gabriel de Olivares, for an official defrocking and excommunication on July 27, 1811. He was then found guilty of treason by a military court and executed by firing squad on July 30 at 7 in the morning. Before his execution, he thanked his jailers, Private Sol...
In which state was Hidalgo's headless body buried?
{ "text": [ "Chihuahua" ], "answer_start": [ 967 ] }
570725049e06ca38007e9491
Chihuahua_(state)
Because of the general instability of the federal government during 1828, the installation of the new legislature did not take place until the middle of the following year. It was quickly dissolved by Governor Santiago de Baca Ortiz, who replaced it with a more pronounced Yorkino type. When Guerrero's liberal administr...
During which year was the federal government unstable?
{ "text": [ "1828" ], "answer_start": [ 68 ] }
570725049e06ca38007e9492
Chihuahua_(state)
Because of the general instability of the federal government during 1828, the installation of the new legislature did not take place until the middle of the following year. It was quickly dissolved by Governor Santiago de Baca Ortiz, who replaced it with a more pronounced Yorkino type. When Guerrero's liberal administr...
Who dissolved the government eventually?
{ "text": [ "Governor Santiago de Baca Ortiz" ], "answer_start": [ 201 ] }
570725049e06ca38007e9493
Chihuahua_(state)
Because of the general instability of the federal government during 1828, the installation of the new legislature did not take place until the middle of the following year. It was quickly dissolved by Governor Santiago de Baca Ortiz, who replaced it with a more pronounced Yorkino type. When Guerrero's liberal administr...
With which type of government did Ortiz replace the old one?
{ "text": [ "Yorkino" ], "answer_start": [ 273 ] }
570725049e06ca38007e9494
Chihuahua_(state)
Because of the general instability of the federal government during 1828, the installation of the new legislature did not take place until the middle of the following year. It was quickly dissolved by Governor Santiago de Baca Ortiz, who replaced it with a more pronounced Yorkino type. When Guerrero's liberal administr...
Which new governor was arrested by Ochoa and Bustamente?
{ "text": [ "F. Elorriaga" ], "answer_start": [ 489 ] }
570725049e06ca38007e9495
Chihuahua_(state)
Because of the general instability of the federal government during 1828, the installation of the new legislature did not take place until the middle of the following year. It was quickly dissolved by Governor Santiago de Baca Ortiz, who replaced it with a more pronounced Yorkino type. When Guerrero's liberal administr...
Who now headed the civil and military authorities?
{ "text": [ "J. A. Pescador and Simón Ochoa" ], "answer_start": [ 662 ] }
5707258d90286e26004fc959
Chihuahua_(state)
Comandante general Simón Elías González, was nominated governor and military command was given to Colonel J.J. Calvo, whose firmness had earned well-merited praise. The state was in the midst of a war with the Apaches, which became the focus of all their energy and resources. After a review of the situation, Simón Elía...
Military command was given to whom based on his firmness?
{ "text": [ "Colonel J.J. Calvo" ], "answer_start": [ 98 ] }
5707258d90286e26004fc95a
Chihuahua_(state)
Comandante general Simón Elías González, was nominated governor and military command was given to Colonel J.J. Calvo, whose firmness had earned well-merited praise. The state was in the midst of a war with the Apaches, which became the focus of all their energy and resources. After a review of the situation, Simón Elía...
The state was in a war with what group?
{ "text": [ "Apaches" ], "answer_start": [ 210 ] }
5707258d90286e26004fc95b
Chihuahua_(state)
Comandante general Simón Elías González, was nominated governor and military command was given to Colonel J.J. Calvo, whose firmness had earned well-merited praise. The state was in the midst of a war with the Apaches, which became the focus of all their energy and resources. After a review of the situation, Simón Elía...
Who declared the state's civil and military forces should be combined during the campaign?
{ "text": [ "Simón Elías González" ], "answer_start": [ 310 ] }
5707258d90286e26004fc95c
Chihuahua_(state)
Comandante general Simón Elías González, was nominated governor and military command was given to Colonel J.J. Calvo, whose firmness had earned well-merited praise. The state was in the midst of a war with the Apaches, which became the focus of all their energy and resources. After a review of the situation, Simón Elía...
In which year did Gonzalez receive renomination?
{ "text": [ "1837" ], "answer_start": [ 527 ] }
5707261a90286e26004fc961
Chihuahua_(state)
During the American occupation of the state, the number of Indian attacks was drastically reduced, but in 1848 the attacks resumed to such a degree that the Mexican officials had no choice but to resume military projects to protect Mexican settlements in the state. Through the next three decades the state faced constan...
What group continuously attacked Mexican settlements?
{ "text": [ "indigenous tribes" ], "answer_start": [ 472 ] }
5707261a90286e26004fc962
Chihuahua_(state)
During the American occupation of the state, the number of Indian attacks was drastically reduced, but in 1848 the attacks resumed to such a degree that the Mexican officials had no choice but to resume military projects to protect Mexican settlements in the state. Through the next three decades the state faced constan...
How many military colonies were established by the state?
{ "text": [ "18" ], "answer_start": [ 576 ] }
5707261a90286e26004fc963
Chihuahua_(state)
During the American occupation of the state, the number of Indian attacks was drastically reduced, but in 1848 the attacks resumed to such a degree that the Mexican officials had no choice but to resume military projects to protect Mexican settlements in the state. Through the next three decades the state faced constan...
The military colonies replaced what as population centers?
{ "text": [ "presidios" ], "answer_start": [ 665 ] }
5707261a90286e26004fc964
Chihuahua_(state)
During the American occupation of the state, the number of Indian attacks was drastically reduced, but in 1848 the attacks resumed to such a degree that the Mexican officials had no choice but to resume military projects to protect Mexican settlements in the state. Through the next three decades the state faced constan...
How many men per 1000 residents were mandated to defend?
{ "text": [ "six men" ], "answer_start": [ 1018 ] }
5707268f9e06ca38007e949b
Chihuahua_(state)
The liberal political forces maintained strong control over the state government until shortly after the French Intervention which turned the tables in favor to the conservative forces once again. The intervention had serious repercussions for the state of Chihuahua. President Juárez, in an effort to organize a strong ...
Which political forces maintained strong control over the state until shortly after French intervention?
{ "text": [ "liberal" ], "answer_start": [ 4 ] }
5707268f9e06ca38007e949c
Chihuahua_(state)
The liberal political forces maintained strong control over the state government until shortly after the French Intervention which turned the tables in favor to the conservative forces once again. The intervention had serious repercussions for the state of Chihuahua. President Juárez, in an effort to organize a strong ...
The intervention had serious consequences for which state?
{ "text": [ "Chihuahua" ], "answer_start": [ 257 ] }
5707268f9e06ca38007e949d
Chihuahua_(state)
The liberal political forces maintained strong control over the state government until shortly after the French Intervention which turned the tables in favor to the conservative forces once again. The intervention had serious repercussions for the state of Chihuahua. President Juárez, in an effort to organize a strong ...
Who made an effort to organize a strong defense against the French?
{ "text": [ "President Juárez" ], "answer_start": [ 268 ] }
5707268f9e06ca38007e949e
Chihuahua_(state)
The liberal political forces maintained strong control over the state government until shortly after the French Intervention which turned the tables in favor to the conservative forces once again. The intervention had serious repercussions for the state of Chihuahua. President Juárez, in an effort to organize a strong ...
Who assigned the First Battalion of Chihuahua for integration into the army?
{ "text": [ "Governor Luis Terrazas" ], "answer_start": [ 527 ] }
5707268f9e06ca38007e949f
Chihuahua_(state)
The liberal political forces maintained strong control over the state government until shortly after the French Intervention which turned the tables in favor to the conservative forces once again. The intervention had serious repercussions for the state of Chihuahua. President Juárez, in an effort to organize a strong ...
To where was the battalion first deployed?
{ "text": [ "Puebla" ], "answer_start": [ 699 ] }
570727889e06ca38007e94a5
Chihuahua_(state)
President Juárez once again based his government in the state of Chihuahua and it served as the center for the resistance against the French invasion throughout Mexico. On March 25, 1866, a battle ensued in the Plaza de Armas in the center of Chihuahua City between the French imperial forces that were guarding the plaz...
Juarez again based his government in which state?
{ "text": [ "Chihuahua" ], "answer_start": [ 65 ] }
570727889e06ca38007e94a6
Chihuahua_(state)
President Juárez once again based his government in the state of Chihuahua and it served as the center for the resistance against the French invasion throughout Mexico. On March 25, 1866, a battle ensued in the Plaza de Armas in the center of Chihuahua City between the French imperial forces that were guarding the plaz...
The base served as the center for the resistance against whose invasion?
{ "text": [ "the French invasion" ], "answer_start": [ 130 ] }
570727889e06ca38007e94a7
Chihuahua_(state)
President Juárez once again based his government in the state of Chihuahua and it served as the center for the resistance against the French invasion throughout Mexico. On March 25, 1866, a battle ensued in the Plaza de Armas in the center of Chihuahua City between the French imperial forces that were guarding the plaz...
On March 25, 1866, a battle ensued where in Chihuahua City?
{ "text": [ "Plaza de Armas" ], "answer_start": [ 211 ] }
570727889e06ca38007e94a8
Chihuahua_(state)
President Juárez once again based his government in the state of Chihuahua and it served as the center for the resistance against the French invasion throughout Mexico. On March 25, 1866, a battle ensued in the Plaza de Armas in the center of Chihuahua City between the French imperial forces that were guarding the plaz...
Who decided to fire a heavy artillery barrage with 8 kg cannonballs?
{ "text": [ "General Terrazas" ], "answer_start": [ 611 ] }
570727889e06ca38007e94a9
Chihuahua_(state)
President Juárez once again based his government in the state of Chihuahua and it served as the center for the resistance against the French invasion throughout Mexico. On March 25, 1866, a battle ensued in the Plaza de Armas in the center of Chihuahua City between the French imperial forces that were guarding the plaz...
Which structure in the church became a historical monument?
{ "text": [ "The bell" ], "answer_start": [ 920 ] }
570728019e06ca38007e94af
Chihuahua_(state)
The officials in Mexico City reduced the price of corn from six cents to two cents a pound. The northern portion of the state continued to decline economically which led to another revolt led by G. Casavantes in August 1879; Governor Trías was accused of misappropriation of funds and inefficient administration of the s...
The officials in Mexico reduced the price of what food from six cents to two cents per pound?
{ "text": [ "corn" ], "answer_start": [ 50 ] }
570728019e06ca38007e94b0
Chihuahua_(state)
The officials in Mexico City reduced the price of corn from six cents to two cents a pound. The northern portion of the state continued to decline economically which led to another revolt led by G. Casavantes in August 1879; Governor Trías was accused of misappropriation of funds and inefficient administration of the s...
Who led the revolt for the northern portion of the state?
{ "text": [ "G. Casavantes" ], "answer_start": [ 195 ] }
570728019e06ca38007e94b1
Chihuahua_(state)
The officials in Mexico City reduced the price of corn from six cents to two cents a pound. The northern portion of the state continued to decline economically which led to another revolt led by G. Casavantes in August 1879; Governor Trías was accused of misappropriation of funds and inefficient administration of the s...
Casavantes was successful in getting which Governor to exile?
{ "text": [ "Governor Trías" ], "answer_start": [ 419 ] }
570728019e06ca38007e94b2
Chihuahua_(state)
The officials in Mexico City reduced the price of corn from six cents to two cents a pound. The northern portion of the state continued to decline economically which led to another revolt led by G. Casavantes in August 1879; Governor Trías was accused of misappropriation of funds and inefficient administration of the s...
Durango and Coahuila had a military confrontation over what natural resource?
{ "text": [ "water" ], "answer_start": [ 788 ] }
570728019e06ca38007e94b3
Chihuahua_(state)
The officials in Mexico City reduced the price of corn from six cents to two cents a pound. The northern portion of the state continued to decline economically which led to another revolt led by G. Casavantes in August 1879; Governor Trías was accused of misappropriation of funds and inefficient administration of the s...
Who was able to secure and stabilize the state eventually and gain the support of the people?
{ "text": [ "Díaz" ], "answer_start": [ 1243 ] }
570728b99e06ca38007e94b9
Chihuahua_(state)
A handful of families owned large estates (known as haciendas) and controlled the greater part of the land across the state while the vast majority of Chihuahuans were landless. The state economy was largely defined by ranching and mining. At the expense of the working class, the Díaz administration promoted economic g...
The state's economy was largely defined by these two industries.
{ "text": [ "ranching and mining" ], "answer_start": [ 219 ] }
570728b99e06ca38007e94ba
Chihuahua_(state)
A handful of families owned large estates (known as haciendas) and controlled the greater part of the land across the state while the vast majority of Chihuahuans were landless. The state economy was largely defined by ranching and mining. At the expense of the working class, the Díaz administration promoted economic g...
Diaz promoted economic growth by encouraging investment from foreign companies at the expense of what group?
{ "text": [ "working class" ], "answer_start": [ 262 ] }
570728b99e06ca38007e94bb
Chihuahua_(state)
A handful of families owned large estates (known as haciendas) and controlled the greater part of the land across the state while the vast majority of Chihuahuans were landless. The state economy was largely defined by ranching and mining. At the expense of the working class, the Díaz administration promoted economic g...
What was the name of the large estates owned by wealthy families?
{ "text": [ "haciendas" ], "answer_start": [ 52 ] }
570728b99e06ca38007e94bc
Chihuahua_(state)
A handful of families owned large estates (known as haciendas) and controlled the greater part of the land across the state while the vast majority of Chihuahuans were landless. The state economy was largely defined by ranching and mining. At the expense of the working class, the Díaz administration promoted economic g...
This group was often exploited and had no legal protection or recourse.
{ "text": [ "proletariat" ], "answer_start": [ 452 ] }
5707294790286e26004fc969
Chihuahua_(state)
On March 26, 1913, Venustiano Carranza issued the Plan de Guadalupe, which refused to recognize Huerta as president and called for war between the two factions. Soon after the assassination of President Madero, Carranza returned to Mexico to fight Huerta, but with only a handful of comrades. However, by 1913 his forces...
Who issued the Plan de Guadalupe?
{ "text": [ "Venustiano Carranza" ], "answer_start": [ 19 ] }
5707294790286e26004fc96a
Chihuahua_(state)
On March 26, 1913, Venustiano Carranza issued the Plan de Guadalupe, which refused to recognize Huerta as president and called for war between the two factions. Soon after the assassination of President Madero, Carranza returned to Mexico to fight Huerta, but with only a handful of comrades. However, by 1913 his forces...
The Plan de Guadalupe refused to recognize who as the president?
{ "text": [ "Huerta" ], "answer_start": [ 96 ] }
5707294790286e26004fc96b
Chihuahua_(state)
On March 26, 1913, Venustiano Carranza issued the Plan de Guadalupe, which refused to recognize Huerta as president and called for war between the two factions. Soon after the assassination of President Madero, Carranza returned to Mexico to fight Huerta, but with only a handful of comrades. However, by 1913 his forces...
Who returned to Mexico to fight Huerta?
{ "text": [ "Carranza" ], "answer_start": [ 211 ] }
5707294790286e26004fc96c
Chihuahua_(state)
On March 26, 1913, Venustiano Carranza issued the Plan de Guadalupe, which refused to recognize Huerta as president and called for war between the two factions. Soon after the assassination of President Madero, Carranza returned to Mexico to fight Huerta, but with only a handful of comrades. However, by 1913 his forces...
Which city was the rebellion's capital for most of the struggle?
{ "text": [ "Ciudad Juárez" ], "answer_start": [ 559 ] }
5707294790286e26004fc96d
Chihuahua_(state)
On March 26, 1913, Venustiano Carranza issued the Plan de Guadalupe, which refused to recognize Huerta as president and called for war between the two factions. Soon after the assassination of President Madero, Carranza returned to Mexico to fight Huerta, but with only a handful of comrades. However, by 1913 his forces...
Carranza threatened war with what country in order to maintain credibility nationally?
{ "text": [ "United States" ], "answer_start": [ 854 ] }
570729f090286e26004fc973
Chihuahua_(state)
The desert zone also accounts for about a third of the state's surface area. The Chihuahuan Desert is an international biome that also extends into the neighboring Mexican state of Coahuila and into the U.S. states of Texas and New Mexico. The desert zone is mainly of flat topography with some small mountain ranges tha...
The desert zone accounts for how much of the state's surface area?
{ "text": [ "about a third" ], "answer_start": [ 34 ] }
570729f090286e26004fc974
Chihuahua_(state)
The desert zone also accounts for about a third of the state's surface area. The Chihuahuan Desert is an international biome that also extends into the neighboring Mexican state of Coahuila and into the U.S. states of Texas and New Mexico. The desert zone is mainly of flat topography with some small mountain ranges tha...
The Chihuahuan Desert also extends into which neighboring Mexican state?
{ "text": [ "Coahuila" ], "answer_start": [ 181 ] }
570729f090286e26004fc975
Chihuahua_(state)
The desert zone also accounts for about a third of the state's surface area. The Chihuahuan Desert is an international biome that also extends into the neighboring Mexican state of Coahuila and into the U.S. states of Texas and New Mexico. The desert zone is mainly of flat topography with some small mountain ranges tha...
The desert zone's topography is mostly what shape?
{ "text": [ "flat" ], "answer_start": [ 269 ] }
570729f090286e26004fc976
Chihuahua_(state)
The desert zone also accounts for about a third of the state's surface area. The Chihuahuan Desert is an international biome that also extends into the neighboring Mexican state of Coahuila and into the U.S. states of Texas and New Mexico. The desert zone is mainly of flat topography with some small mountain ranges tha...
Lower elevations and higher temperature are found in which region of the state; north, south, east, or west?
{ "text": [ "north" ], "answer_start": [ 472 ] }
570729f090286e26004fc977
Chihuahua_(state)
The desert zone also accounts for about a third of the state's surface area. The Chihuahuan Desert is an international biome that also extends into the neighboring Mexican state of Coahuila and into the U.S. states of Texas and New Mexico. The desert zone is mainly of flat topography with some small mountain ranges tha...
Which well-known river runs in the northern part of the state?
{ "text": [ "Rio Grande" ], "answer_start": [ 488 ] }
57072adb9e06ca38007e94c1
Chihuahua_(state)
The fauna in the state is just as diverse as the flora and varies greatly due to the large contrast in climates. In the mountain zone of the state the most observed mammals are: Mexican fox squirrel (Sciurus nayaritensis), antelope jackrabbit (Lepus alleni), raccoon (Procyon lotor), hooded skunk (Mephitis macroura), wi...
Canis latrans is what animal?
{ "text": [ "coyote" ], "answer_start": [ 647 ] }
57072adb9e06ca38007e94c2
Chihuahua_(state)
The fauna in the state is just as diverse as the flora and varies greatly due to the large contrast in climates. In the mountain zone of the state the most observed mammals are: Mexican fox squirrel (Sciurus nayaritensis), antelope jackrabbit (Lepus alleni), raccoon (Procyon lotor), hooded skunk (Mephitis macroura), wi...
Ursus Americanus is what animal that is found in relatively small numbers?
{ "text": [ "American black bear" ], "answer_start": [ 669 ] }
57072adb9e06ca38007e94c3
Chihuahua_(state)
The fauna in the state is just as diverse as the flora and varies greatly due to the large contrast in climates. In the mountain zone of the state the most observed mammals are: Mexican fox squirrel (Sciurus nayaritensis), antelope jackrabbit (Lepus alleni), raccoon (Procyon lotor), hooded skunk (Mephitis macroura), wi...
The main cause of degradation has been what?
{ "text": [ "grazing" ], "answer_start": [ 840 ] }
57072adb9e06ca38007e94c4
Chihuahua_(state)
The fauna in the state is just as diverse as the flora and varies greatly due to the large contrast in climates. In the mountain zone of the state the most observed mammals are: Mexican fox squirrel (Sciurus nayaritensis), antelope jackrabbit (Lepus alleni), raccoon (Procyon lotor), hooded skunk (Mephitis macroura), wi...
What type of snake is most popular in the region with many different species?
{ "text": [ "rattlesnake" ], "answer_start": [ 1088 ] }
57072b269e06ca38007e94c9
Chihuahua_(state)
The last census in Mexico that asked for an individual's race, which was taken in 1921, indicated that 50.09% of the population identified as Mestizo (mixed Amerindian and European descent). The second-largest group was whites at 36.33% of the population. The third-largest group was the "pure indigenous" population, co...
The last census in Mexico that asked for race was carried out in which year?
{ "text": [ "1921" ], "answer_start": [ 82 ] }
57072b269e06ca38007e94ca
Chihuahua_(state)
The last census in Mexico that asked for an individual's race, which was taken in 1921, indicated that 50.09% of the population identified as Mestizo (mixed Amerindian and European descent). The second-largest group was whites at 36.33% of the population. The third-largest group was the "pure indigenous" population, co...
According to the census of 1921, what percentage of citizens were Mestizo?
{ "text": [ "50.09%" ], "answer_start": [ 103 ] }
57072b269e06ca38007e94cb
Chihuahua_(state)
The last census in Mexico that asked for an individual's race, which was taken in 1921, indicated that 50.09% of the population identified as Mestizo (mixed Amerindian and European descent). The second-largest group was whites at 36.33% of the population. The third-largest group was the "pure indigenous" population, co...
The second largest group of people were whom?
{ "text": [ "whites" ], "answer_start": [ 220 ] }
57072c019e06ca38007e94cf
Chihuahua_(state)
During the 1990s after NAFTA was signed, industrial development grew rapidly with foreign investment. Large factories known as maquiladoras were built to export manufactured goods to the United States and Canada. Today, most of the maquiladoras produce electronics, automobile, and aerospace components. There are more t...
What agreement sparked industrial development during the 1990s?
{ "text": [ "NAFTA" ], "answer_start": [ 23 ] }
57072c019e06ca38007e94d0
Chihuahua_(state)
During the 1990s after NAFTA was signed, industrial development grew rapidly with foreign investment. Large factories known as maquiladoras were built to export manufactured goods to the United States and Canada. Today, most of the maquiladoras produce electronics, automobile, and aerospace components. There are more t...
Large factories called what were built to export manufactured goods to the US and Canada?
{ "text": [ "maquiladoras" ], "answer_start": [ 127 ] }
57072c019e06ca38007e94d1
Chihuahua_(state)
During the 1990s after NAFTA was signed, industrial development grew rapidly with foreign investment. Large factories known as maquiladoras were built to export manufactured goods to the United States and Canada. Today, most of the maquiladoras produce electronics, automobile, and aerospace components. There are more t...
How many in the state are employed by maquiladoras?
{ "text": [ "294,026" ], "answer_start": [ 579 ] }
57072c019e06ca38007e94d2
Chihuahua_(state)
During the 1990s after NAFTA was signed, industrial development grew rapidly with foreign investment. Large factories known as maquiladoras were built to export manufactured goods to the United States and Canada. Today, most of the maquiladoras produce electronics, automobile, and aerospace components. There are more t...
What type of business employs the largest portion of the population?
{ "text": [ "Small business" ], "answer_start": [ 985 ] }
57072c019e06ca38007e94d3
Chihuahua_(state)
During the 1990s after NAFTA was signed, industrial development grew rapidly with foreign investment. Large factories known as maquiladoras were built to export manufactured goods to the United States and Canada. Today, most of the maquiladoras produce electronics, automobile, and aerospace components. There are more t...
Most maquiladoras today produce what?
{ "text": [ "electronics, automobile, and aerospace components" ], "answer_start": [ 253 ] }
5707feb09e06ca38007e94d9
Imamah_(Shia_doctrine)
Shias believe that Imamah is of the Principles of Faith (Usul al-Din).As the verse 4:165 of quran expresses the necessity to the appointment of the prophets; so after the demise of the prophet who will play the role of the prophet; till the people have not any plea against Allah.So the same logic that necessitated the ...
Who believe that Imamah is of the Principles of Faith?
{ "text": [ "Shias" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
5707feb09e06ca38007e94da
Imamah_(Shia_doctrine)
Shias believe that Imamah is of the Principles of Faith (Usul al-Din).As the verse 4:165 of quran expresses the necessity to the appointment of the prophets; so after the demise of the prophet who will play the role of the prophet; till the people have not any plea against Allah.So the same logic that necessitated the ...
On what day was Ali appointed as the prophet's successor?
{ "text": [ "Ghadir Khumm" ], "answer_start": [ 779 ] }