id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 12 217 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
57295a501d046914007792fb | Insect | The majority of insects hatch from eggs. The fertilization and development takes place inside the egg, enclosed by a shell (chorion) that consists of maternal tissue. In contrast to eggs of other arthropods, most insect eggs are drought resistant. This is because inside the chorion two additional membranes develop from... | Broods is another term for what word? | {
"text": [
"generations"
],
"answer_start": [
1249
]
} |
57295baf6aef051400154d5e | Insect | Other developmental and reproductive variations include haplodiploidy, polymorphism, paedomorphosis or peramorphosis, sexual dimorphism, parthenogenesis and more rarely hermaphroditism.:143 In haplodiploidy, which is a type of sex-determination system, the offspring's sex is determined by the number of sets of chromoso... | Polymophism is a developmental and reproductive what? | {
"text": [
"variations"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} |
57295baf6aef051400154d5f | Insect | Other developmental and reproductive variations include haplodiploidy, polymorphism, paedomorphosis or peramorphosis, sexual dimorphism, parthenogenesis and more rarely hermaphroditism.:143 In haplodiploidy, which is a type of sex-determination system, the offspring's sex is determined by the number of sets of chromoso... | Haplodiploidy is what type of system? | {
"text": [
"sex-determination system"
],
"answer_start": [
227
]
} |
57295baf6aef051400154d60 | Insect | Other developmental and reproductive variations include haplodiploidy, polymorphism, paedomorphosis or peramorphosis, sexual dimorphism, parthenogenesis and more rarely hermaphroditism.:143 In haplodiploidy, which is a type of sex-determination system, the offspring's sex is determined by the number of sets of chromoso... | The number of chromosome sets determines the offspring's what? | {
"text": [
"sex"
],
"answer_start": [
269
]
} |
57295baf6aef051400154d61 | Insect | Other developmental and reproductive variations include haplodiploidy, polymorphism, paedomorphosis or peramorphosis, sexual dimorphism, parthenogenesis and more rarely hermaphroditism.:143 In haplodiploidy, which is a type of sex-determination system, the offspring's sex is determined by the number of sets of chromoso... | The sex-determination system is found in which insects? | {
"text": [
"bees and wasps"
],
"answer_start": [
374
]
} |
57295baf6aef051400154d62 | Insect | Other developmental and reproductive variations include haplodiploidy, polymorphism, paedomorphosis or peramorphosis, sexual dimorphism, parthenogenesis and more rarely hermaphroditism.:143 In haplodiploidy, which is a type of sex-determination system, the offspring's sex is determined by the number of sets of chromoso... | Polymophism species have different forms or what else? | {
"text": [
"morphs"
],
"answer_start": [
441
]
} |
57295d3e1d04691400779329 | Insect | Some insects use parthenogenesis, a process in which the female can reproduce and give birth without having the eggs fertilized by a male. Many aphids undergo a form of parthenogenesis, called cyclical parthenogenesis, in which they alternate between one or many generations of asexual and sexual reproduction. In summer... | How many insects use parthenogenesis? | {
"text": [
"Some"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
57295d3e1d0469140077932a | Insect | Some insects use parthenogenesis, a process in which the female can reproduce and give birth without having the eggs fertilized by a male. Many aphids undergo a form of parthenogenesis, called cyclical parthenogenesis, in which they alternate between one or many generations of asexual and sexual reproduction. In summer... | GIving birth without fertilized eggs is called what? | {
"text": [
"parthenogenesis"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} |
57295d3e1d0469140077932b | Insect | Some insects use parthenogenesis, a process in which the female can reproduce and give birth without having the eggs fertilized by a male. Many aphids undergo a form of parthenogenesis, called cyclical parthenogenesis, in which they alternate between one or many generations of asexual and sexual reproduction. In summer... | What usually partakes in a form of parthenogenesis? | {
"text": [
"aphids"
],
"answer_start": [
144
]
} |
57295d3e1d0469140077932c | Insect | Some insects use parthenogenesis, a process in which the female can reproduce and give birth without having the eggs fertilized by a male. Many aphids undergo a form of parthenogenesis, called cyclical parthenogenesis, in which they alternate between one or many generations of asexual and sexual reproduction. In summer... | Aphis have asexual and sexual what? | {
"text": [
"reproduction"
],
"answer_start": [
297
]
} |
57295d3e1d0469140077932d | Insect | Some insects use parthenogenesis, a process in which the female can reproduce and give birth without having the eggs fertilized by a male. Many aphids undergo a form of parthenogenesis, called cyclical parthenogenesis, in which they alternate between one or many generations of asexual and sexual reproduction. In summer... | Aphis are usually female and what else during the summer? | {
"text": [
"parthenogenetic"
],
"answer_start": [
354
]
} |
57295e7c6aef051400154d8c | Insect | Hemimetabolous insects, those with incomplete metamorphosis, change gradually by undergoing a series of molts. An insect molts when it outgrows its exoskeleton, which does not stretch and would otherwise restrict the insect's growth. The molting process begins as the insect's epidermis secretes a new epicuticle inside ... | Incomplete metamorphosis insects are called? | {
"text": [
"Hemimetabolous"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
57295e7c6aef051400154d8d | Insect | Hemimetabolous insects, those with incomplete metamorphosis, change gradually by undergoing a series of molts. An insect molts when it outgrows its exoskeleton, which does not stretch and would otherwise restrict the insect's growth. The molting process begins as the insect's epidermis secretes a new epicuticle inside ... | What kind of metamorphosis do hemimetabolous insects undergo? | {
"text": [
"incomplete"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
} |
57295e7c6aef051400154d8e | Insect | Hemimetabolous insects, those with incomplete metamorphosis, change gradually by undergoing a series of molts. An insect molts when it outgrows its exoskeleton, which does not stretch and would otherwise restrict the insect's growth. The molting process begins as the insect's epidermis secretes a new epicuticle inside ... | Do hemimetabolous insects change quickly or gradually? | {
"text": [
"gradually"
],
"answer_start": [
68
]
} |
57295e7c6aef051400154d8f | Insect | Hemimetabolous insects, those with incomplete metamorphosis, change gradually by undergoing a series of molts. An insect molts when it outgrows its exoskeleton, which does not stretch and would otherwise restrict the insect's growth. The molting process begins as the insect's epidermis secretes a new epicuticle inside ... | Hemimetabolous insects gradually change by a series of what? | {
"text": [
"molts"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} |
57295e7c6aef051400154d90 | Insect | Hemimetabolous insects, those with incomplete metamorphosis, change gradually by undergoing a series of molts. An insect molts when it outgrows its exoskeleton, which does not stretch and would otherwise restrict the insect's growth. The molting process begins as the insect's epidermis secretes a new epicuticle inside ... | Insect's molt when they outgrow what? | {
"text": [
"exoskeleton"
],
"answer_start": [
148
]
} |
57295f293f37b319004782c5 | Insect | Holometabolism, or complete metamorphosis, is where the insect changes in four stages, an egg or embryo, a larva, a pupa and the adult or imago. In these species, an egg hatches to produce a larva, which is generally worm-like in form. This worm-like form can be one of several varieties: eruciform (caterpillar-like), s... | What is a complete metamorphosis called? | {
"text": [
"Holometabolism"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
57295f293f37b319004782c6 | Insect | Holometabolism, or complete metamorphosis, is where the insect changes in four stages, an egg or embryo, a larva, a pupa and the adult or imago. In these species, an egg hatches to produce a larva, which is generally worm-like in form. This worm-like form can be one of several varieties: eruciform (caterpillar-like), s... | How many stages happen in complete metamorphosis? | {
"text": [
"four stages"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} |
57295f293f37b319004782c7 | Insect | Holometabolism, or complete metamorphosis, is where the insect changes in four stages, an egg or embryo, a larva, a pupa and the adult or imago. In these species, an egg hatches to produce a larva, which is generally worm-like in form. This worm-like form can be one of several varieties: eruciform (caterpillar-like), s... | What is another word for egg? | {
"text": [
"embryo"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} |
57295f293f37b319004782c8 | Insect | Holometabolism, or complete metamorphosis, is where the insect changes in four stages, an egg or embryo, a larva, a pupa and the adult or imago. In these species, an egg hatches to produce a larva, which is generally worm-like in form. This worm-like form can be one of several varieties: eruciform (caterpillar-like), s... | What is an imago? | {
"text": [
"the adult"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} |
57295f293f37b319004782c9 | Insect | Holometabolism, or complete metamorphosis, is where the insect changes in four stages, an egg or embryo, a larva, a pupa and the adult or imago. In these species, an egg hatches to produce a larva, which is generally worm-like in form. This worm-like form can be one of several varieties: eruciform (caterpillar-like), s... | Name an example of an insect that undergoes complete metamorphosis? | {
"text": [
"Butterflies"
],
"answer_start": [
911
]
} |
572984bc1d046914007794f7 | Insect | Many insects possess very sensitive and, or specialized organs of perception. Some insects such as bees can perceive ultraviolet wavelengths, or detect polarized light, while the antennae of male moths can detect the pheromones of female moths over distances of many kilometers. The yellow paper wasp (Polistes versicolo... | Insects have specialized organs of what kind? | {
"text": [
"perception"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
} |
572984bc1d046914007794f8 | Insect | Many insects possess very sensitive and, or specialized organs of perception. Some insects such as bees can perceive ultraviolet wavelengths, or detect polarized light, while the antennae of male moths can detect the pheromones of female moths over distances of many kilometers. The yellow paper wasp (Polistes versicolo... | Insect organs are described as sensitive and what? | {
"text": [
"specialized"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} |
572984bc1d046914007794f9 | Insect | Many insects possess very sensitive and, or specialized organs of perception. Some insects such as bees can perceive ultraviolet wavelengths, or detect polarized light, while the antennae of male moths can detect the pheromones of female moths over distances of many kilometers. The yellow paper wasp (Polistes versicolo... | What kind of insect can detect ultraviolet wavelengths? | {
"text": [
"bees"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} |
572984bc1d046914007794fa | Insect | Many insects possess very sensitive and, or specialized organs of perception. Some insects such as bees can perceive ultraviolet wavelengths, or detect polarized light, while the antennae of male moths can detect the pheromones of female moths over distances of many kilometers. The yellow paper wasp (Polistes versicolo... | Bees can detect what kind of light? | {
"text": [
"polarized light"
],
"answer_start": [
152
]
} |
572984bc1d046914007794fb | Insect | Many insects possess very sensitive and, or specialized organs of perception. Some insects such as bees can perceive ultraviolet wavelengths, or detect polarized light, while the antennae of male moths can detect the pheromones of female moths over distances of many kilometers. The yellow paper wasp (Polistes versicolo... | What is a Polistes versicolor? | {
"text": [
"yellow paper wasp"
],
"answer_start": [
283
]
} |
572985e83f37b31900478473 | Insect | Some insects display a rudimentary sense of numbers, such as the solitary wasps that prey upon a single species. The mother wasp lays her eggs in individual cells and provides each egg with a number of live caterpillars on which the young feed when hatched. Some species of wasp always provide five, others twelve, and o... | Insects have what kind of sense of numbers? | {
"text": [
"rudimentary"
],
"answer_start": [
23
]
} |
572985e83f37b31900478474 | Insect | Some insects display a rudimentary sense of numbers, such as the solitary wasps that prey upon a single species. The mother wasp lays her eggs in individual cells and provides each egg with a number of live caterpillars on which the young feed when hatched. Some species of wasp always provide five, others twelve, and o... | Which insect displays a rudimentary sense of numbers? | {
"text": [
"solitary wasps"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
} |
572985e83f37b31900478475 | Insect | Some insects display a rudimentary sense of numbers, such as the solitary wasps that prey upon a single species. The mother wasp lays her eggs in individual cells and provides each egg with a number of live caterpillars on which the young feed when hatched. Some species of wasp always provide five, others twelve, and o... | What kind of species does a solitary wasp prey upon? | {
"text": [
"single"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} |
572985e83f37b31900478476 | Insect | Some insects display a rudimentary sense of numbers, such as the solitary wasps that prey upon a single species. The mother wasp lays her eggs in individual cells and provides each egg with a number of live caterpillars on which the young feed when hatched. Some species of wasp always provide five, others twelve, and o... | What does the mother wasp provide for her eggs when they hatch? | {
"text": [
"caterpillars"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
} |
572985e83f37b31900478477 | Insect | Some insects display a rudimentary sense of numbers, such as the solitary wasps that prey upon a single species. The mother wasp lays her eggs in individual cells and provides each egg with a number of live caterpillars on which the young feed when hatched. Some species of wasp always provide five, others twelve, and o... | Is the male solitary wasp bigger or smaller than the female solitary wasp? | {
"text": [
"smaller"
],
"answer_start": [
517
]
} |
5729873f3f37b3190047847d | Insect | A few insects, such as members of the families Poduridae and Onychiuridae (Collembola), Mycetophilidae (Diptera) and the beetle families Lampyridae, Phengodidae, Elateridae and Staphylinidae are bioluminescent. The most familiar group are the fireflies, beetles of the family Lampyridae. Some species are able to control... | What is another name for Colleobola? | {
"text": [
"Onychiuridae"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} |
5729873f3f37b3190047847e | Insect | A few insects, such as members of the families Poduridae and Onychiuridae (Collembola), Mycetophilidae (Diptera) and the beetle families Lampyridae, Phengodidae, Elateridae and Staphylinidae are bioluminescent. The most familiar group are the fireflies, beetles of the family Lampyridae. Some species are able to control... | Mycetophilldae is another name for what? | {
"text": [
"Diptera"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} |
5729873f3f37b3190047847f | Insect | A few insects, such as members of the families Poduridae and Onychiuridae (Collembola), Mycetophilidae (Diptera) and the beetle families Lampyridae, Phengodidae, Elateridae and Staphylinidae are bioluminescent. The most familiar group are the fireflies, beetles of the family Lampyridae. Some species are able to control... | Phengodidae is party of what insect family? | {
"text": [
"beetle"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} |
5729873f3f37b31900478480 | Insect | A few insects, such as members of the families Poduridae and Onychiuridae (Collembola), Mycetophilidae (Diptera) and the beetle families Lampyridae, Phengodidae, Elateridae and Staphylinidae are bioluminescent. The most familiar group are the fireflies, beetles of the family Lampyridae. Some species are able to control... | Elateridae and Staphylinidae are what kind of luminescent? | {
"text": [
"bioluminescent"
],
"answer_start": [
195
]
} |
5729873f3f37b31900478481 | Insect | A few insects, such as members of the families Poduridae and Onychiuridae (Collembola), Mycetophilidae (Diptera) and the beetle families Lampyridae, Phengodidae, Elateridae and Staphylinidae are bioluminescent. The most familiar group are the fireflies, beetles of the family Lampyridae. Some species are able to control... | What kind of fly mimics the flashing of female Photinus to attract males? | {
"text": [
"fireflies"
],
"answer_start": [
602
]
} |
572988cc6aef051400154fb6 | Insect | Most insects, except some species of cave crickets, are able to perceive light and dark. Many species have acute vision capable of detecting minute movements. The eyes may include simple eyes or ocelli as well as compound eyes of varying sizes. Many species are able to detect light in the infrared, ultraviolet and the ... | Most insects are able to perceive darkness and what else? | {
"text": [
"light"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} |
572988cc6aef051400154fb7 | Insect | Most insects, except some species of cave crickets, are able to perceive light and dark. Many species have acute vision capable of detecting minute movements. The eyes may include simple eyes or ocelli as well as compound eyes of varying sizes. Many species are able to detect light in the infrared, ultraviolet and the ... | What insect is not abel to perceive light and dark? | {
"text": [
"cave crickets"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} |
572988cc6aef051400154fb8 | Insect | Most insects, except some species of cave crickets, are able to perceive light and dark. Many species have acute vision capable of detecting minute movements. The eyes may include simple eyes or ocelli as well as compound eyes of varying sizes. Many species are able to detect light in the infrared, ultraviolet and the ... | Most insects have what kind of vision? | {
"text": [
"acute"
],
"answer_start": [
107
]
} |
572988cc6aef051400154fb9 | Insect | Most insects, except some species of cave crickets, are able to perceive light and dark. Many species have acute vision capable of detecting minute movements. The eyes may include simple eyes or ocelli as well as compound eyes of varying sizes. Many species are able to detect light in the infrared, ultraviolet and the ... | Insects notice what type of movement? | {
"text": [
"minute"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} |
572988cc6aef051400154fba | Insect | Most insects, except some species of cave crickets, are able to perceive light and dark. Many species have acute vision capable of detecting minute movements. The eyes may include simple eyes or ocelli as well as compound eyes of varying sizes. Many species are able to detect light in the infrared, ultraviolet and the ... | Many insects are able to see visible light, ultraviolet, and what other kind of light? | {
"text": [
"infrared"
],
"answer_start": [
290
]
} |
57298a8baf94a219006aa4ed | Insect | Insects were the earliest organisms to produce and sense sounds. Insects make sounds mostly by mechanical action of appendages. In grasshoppers and crickets, this is achieved by stridulation. Cicadas make the loudest sounds among the insects by producing and amplifying sounds with special modifications to their body an... | What were the earliest organisms to produce sound? | {
"text": [
"Insects"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
57298a8baf94a219006aa4ee | Insect | Insects were the earliest organisms to produce and sense sounds. Insects make sounds mostly by mechanical action of appendages. In grasshoppers and crickets, this is achieved by stridulation. Cicadas make the loudest sounds among the insects by producing and amplifying sounds with special modifications to their body an... | Insects can sense what? | {
"text": [
"sounds"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} |
57298a8baf94a219006aa4ef | Insect | Insects were the earliest organisms to produce and sense sounds. Insects make sounds mostly by mechanical action of appendages. In grasshoppers and crickets, this is achieved by stridulation. Cicadas make the loudest sounds among the insects by producing and amplifying sounds with special modifications to their body an... | Insect sounds come from what kind of action? | {
"text": [
"mechanical"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} |
57298a8baf94a219006aa4f0 | Insect | Insects were the earliest organisms to produce and sense sounds. Insects make sounds mostly by mechanical action of appendages. In grasshoppers and crickets, this is achieved by stridulation. Cicadas make the loudest sounds among the insects by producing and amplifying sounds with special modifications to their body an... | The mechanical action of what allows insects t make sound? | {
"text": [
"appendages"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
} |
57298a8baf94a219006aa4f1 | Insect | Insects were the earliest organisms to produce and sense sounds. Insects make sounds mostly by mechanical action of appendages. In grasshoppers and crickets, this is achieved by stridulation. Cicadas make the loudest sounds among the insects by producing and amplifying sounds with special modifications to their body an... | Moths create what kind of click sounds? | {
"text": [
"ultrasonic"
],
"answer_start": [
640
]
} |
57298be2af94a219006aa4f7 | Insect | Very low sounds are also produced in various species of Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Mantodea and Neuroptera. These low sounds are simply the sounds made by the insect's movement. Through microscopic stridulatory structures located on the insect's muscles and joints, the normal sounds of the insect moving are ... | What sound volume is produced by Coleoptera? | {
"text": [
"low"
],
"answer_start": [
5
]
} |
57298be2af94a219006aa4f8 | Insect | Very low sounds are also produced in various species of Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Mantodea and Neuroptera. These low sounds are simply the sounds made by the insect's movement. Through microscopic stridulatory structures located on the insect's muscles and joints, the normal sounds of the insect moving are ... | Low insect sounds are made by the insect's what? | {
"text": [
"movement"
],
"answer_start": [
179
]
} |
57298be2af94a219006aa4f9 | Insect | Very low sounds are also produced in various species of Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Mantodea and Neuroptera. These low sounds are simply the sounds made by the insect's movement. Through microscopic stridulatory structures located on the insect's muscles and joints, the normal sounds of the insect moving are ... | Low insect sounds can be heard through what? | {
"text": [
"microscopic stridulatory structures"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
} |
57298be2af94a219006aa4fa | Insect | Very low sounds are also produced in various species of Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Mantodea and Neuroptera. These low sounds are simply the sounds made by the insect's movement. Through microscopic stridulatory structures located on the insect's muscles and joints, the normal sounds of the insect moving are ... | Insect moving sounds are used to warn and do what with other insects? | {
"text": [
"communicate"
],
"answer_start": [
357
]
} |
57298be2af94a219006aa4fb | Insect | Very low sounds are also produced in various species of Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Mantodea and Neuroptera. These low sounds are simply the sounds made by the insect's movement. Through microscopic stridulatory structures located on the insect's muscles and joints, the normal sounds of the insect moving are ... | Corixids are able to communicate with what type of sounds? | {
"text": [
"underwater"
],
"answer_start": [
570
]
} |
57298d496aef051400154fca | Insect | Some species use vibrations for communicating within members of the same species, such as to attract mates as in the songs of the shield bug Nezara viridula. Vibrations can also be used to communicate between entirely different species; lycaenid (gossamer-winged butterfly) caterpillars which are myrmecophilous (living ... | What are used by insects to communicate with members of the same species? | {
"text": [
"vibrations"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} |
57298d496aef051400154fcb | Insect | Some species use vibrations for communicating within members of the same species, such as to attract mates as in the songs of the shield bug Nezara viridula. Vibrations can also be used to communicate between entirely different species; lycaenid (gossamer-winged butterfly) caterpillars which are myrmecophilous (living ... | Vibrations are used to communicate with members of the same species, and what other species? | {
"text": [
"different species"
],
"answer_start": [
218
]
} |
57298d496aef051400154fcc | Insect | Some species use vibrations for communicating within members of the same species, such as to attract mates as in the songs of the shield bug Nezara viridula. Vibrations can also be used to communicate between entirely different species; lycaenid (gossamer-winged butterfly) caterpillars which are myrmecophilous (living ... | Which insects has a song to attract males from the same species? | {
"text": [
"Nezara viridula"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
} |
57298d496aef051400154fcd | Insect | Some species use vibrations for communicating within members of the same species, such as to attract mates as in the songs of the shield bug Nezara viridula. Vibrations can also be used to communicate between entirely different species; lycaenid (gossamer-winged butterfly) caterpillars which are myrmecophilous (living ... | What is a lycaenid caterpillar? | {
"text": [
"gossamer-winged butterfly"
],
"answer_start": [
247
]
} |
57298d496aef051400154fce | Insect | Some species use vibrations for communicating within members of the same species, such as to attract mates as in the songs of the shield bug Nezara viridula. Vibrations can also be used to communicate between entirely different species; lycaenid (gossamer-winged butterfly) caterpillars which are myrmecophilous (living ... | Living in association with ants is called what? | {
"text": [
"myrmecophilous"
],
"answer_start": [
297
]
} |
57298edfaf94a219006aa501 | Insect | Chemical communications in animals rely on a variety of aspects including taste and smell. Chemoreception is the physiological response of a sense organ (i.e. taste or smell) to a chemical stimulus where the chemicals act as signals to regulate the state or activity of a cell. A semiochemical is a message-carrying chem... | Animal taste and smell rely on what kind of communication? | {
"text": [
"Chemical"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
57298edfaf94a219006aa502 | Insect | Chemical communications in animals rely on a variety of aspects including taste and smell. Chemoreception is the physiological response of a sense organ (i.e. taste or smell) to a chemical stimulus where the chemicals act as signals to regulate the state or activity of a cell. A semiochemical is a message-carrying chem... | What is the physiological response of a sense organ called? | {
"text": [
"Chemoreception"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} |
57298edfaf94a219006aa503 | Insect | Chemical communications in animals rely on a variety of aspects including taste and smell. Chemoreception is the physiological response of a sense organ (i.e. taste or smell) to a chemical stimulus where the chemicals act as signals to regulate the state or activity of a cell. A semiochemical is a message-carrying chem... | Chemical stimuli are signals that regulate the activity of what? | {
"text": [
"a cell"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
57298edfaf94a219006aa504 | Insect | Chemical communications in animals rely on a variety of aspects including taste and smell. Chemoreception is the physiological response of a sense organ (i.e. taste or smell) to a chemical stimulus where the chemicals act as signals to regulate the state or activity of a cell. A semiochemical is a message-carrying chem... | What is a message-carrying chemical called? | {
"text": [
"semiochemical"
],
"answer_start": [
280
]
} |
57298edfaf94a219006aa505 | Insect | Chemical communications in animals rely on a variety of aspects including taste and smell. Chemoreception is the physiological response of a sense organ (i.e. taste or smell) to a chemical stimulus where the chemicals act as signals to regulate the state or activity of a cell. A semiochemical is a message-carrying chem... | Kairomones are a type of what? | {
"text": [
"semiochemicals"
],
"answer_start": [
391
]
} |
572990451d04691400779537 | Insect | In addition to the use of sound for communication, a wide range of insects have evolved chemical means for communication. These chemicals, termed semiochemicals, are often derived from plant metabolites include those meant to attract, repel and provide other kinds of information. Pheromones, a type of semiochemical, ar... | Insects use sound and what other means for communication? | {
"text": [
"chemical means"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} |
572990451d04691400779538 | Insect | In addition to the use of sound for communication, a wide range of insects have evolved chemical means for communication. These chemicals, termed semiochemicals, are often derived from plant metabolites include those meant to attract, repel and provide other kinds of information. Pheromones, a type of semiochemical, ar... | The chemicals used by insects to communicate are called what? | {
"text": [
"semiochemicals"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
} |
572990451d04691400779539 | Insect | In addition to the use of sound for communication, a wide range of insects have evolved chemical means for communication. These chemicals, termed semiochemicals, are often derived from plant metabolites include those meant to attract, repel and provide other kinds of information. Pheromones, a type of semiochemical, ar... | Semiochemicals come from where? | {
"text": [
"plant metabolites"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} |
572990451d0469140077953a | Insect | In addition to the use of sound for communication, a wide range of insects have evolved chemical means for communication. These chemicals, termed semiochemicals, are often derived from plant metabolites include those meant to attract, repel and provide other kinds of information. Pheromones, a type of semiochemical, ar... | Insect chemicals are used to attract and what else? | {
"text": [
"repel"
],
"answer_start": [
235
]
} |
572990451d0469140077953b | Insect | In addition to the use of sound for communication, a wide range of insects have evolved chemical means for communication. These chemicals, termed semiochemicals, are often derived from plant metabolites include those meant to attract, repel and provide other kinds of information. Pheromones, a type of semiochemical, ar... | What insect chemical benefits both the receiver and the producer? | {
"text": [
"Synomones"
],
"answer_start": [
677
]
} |
5729913b3f37b31900478497 | Insect | Social insects, such as termites, ants and many bees and wasps, are the most familiar species of eusocial animal. They live together in large well-organized colonies that may be so tightly integrated and genetically similar that the colonies of some species are sometimes considered superorganisms. It is sometimes argue... | Termites are considered what type of insect? | {
"text": [
"Social"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
5729913b3f37b31900478498 | Insect | Social insects, such as termites, ants and many bees and wasps, are the most familiar species of eusocial animal. They live together in large well-organized colonies that may be so tightly integrated and genetically similar that the colonies of some species are sometimes considered superorganisms. It is sometimes argue... | Termites, bees, wasps, and what other insect are social insects? | {
"text": [
"ants"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} |
5729913b3f37b31900478499 | Insect | Social insects, such as termites, ants and many bees and wasps, are the most familiar species of eusocial animal. They live together in large well-organized colonies that may be so tightly integrated and genetically similar that the colonies of some species are sometimes considered superorganisms. It is sometimes argue... | What is another term for social insect? | {
"text": [
"eusocial animal"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} |
5729913b3f37b3190047849a | Insect | Social insects, such as termites, ants and many bees and wasps, are the most familiar species of eusocial animal. They live together in large well-organized colonies that may be so tightly integrated and genetically similar that the colonies of some species are sometimes considered superorganisms. It is sometimes argue... | Social insects live in well organized what? | {
"text": [
"colonies"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
} |
5729913b3f37b3190047849b | Insect | Social insects, such as termites, ants and many bees and wasps, are the most familiar species of eusocial animal. They live together in large well-organized colonies that may be so tightly integrated and genetically similar that the colonies of some species are sometimes considered superorganisms. It is sometimes argue... | The method that a bee dances is called what? | {
"text": [
"dance language"
],
"answer_start": [
635
]
} |
572993a5af94a219006aa51f | Insect | Only insects which live in nests or colonies demonstrate any true capacity for fine-scale spatial orientation or homing. This can allow an insect to return unerringly to a single hole a few millimeters in diameter among thousands of apparently identical holes clustered together, after a trip of up to several kilometers... | Insects with fine scale spatial orientation live in colonies and where else? | {
"text": [
"nests"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} |
572993a5af94a219006aa520 | Insect | Only insects which live in nests or colonies demonstrate any true capacity for fine-scale spatial orientation or homing. This can allow an insect to return unerringly to a single hole a few millimeters in diameter among thousands of apparently identical holes clustered together, after a trip of up to several kilometers... | Some insects have a fine scale spatial orientation and/or what else? | {
"text": [
"homing"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} |
572993a5af94a219006aa521 | Insect | Only insects which live in nests or colonies demonstrate any true capacity for fine-scale spatial orientation or homing. This can allow an insect to return unerringly to a single hole a few millimeters in diameter among thousands of apparently identical holes clustered together, after a trip of up to several kilometers... | Spacial orientation/homing allows an insect to return to one specific hole among how many? | {
"text": [
"thousands"
],
"answer_start": [
220
]
} |
572993a5af94a219006aa522 | Insect | Only insects which live in nests or colonies demonstrate any true capacity for fine-scale spatial orientation or homing. This can allow an insect to return unerringly to a single hole a few millimeters in diameter among thousands of apparently identical holes clustered together, after a trip of up to several kilometers... | An insect recalling a specific location for up to a year is called what? | {
"text": [
"philopatry"
],
"answer_start": [
357
]
} |
572993a5af94a219006aa523 | Insect | Only insects which live in nests or colonies demonstrate any true capacity for fine-scale spatial orientation or homing. This can allow an insect to return unerringly to a single hole a few millimeters in diameter among thousands of apparently identical holes clustered together, after a trip of up to several kilometers... | An insect that can recall a specific location for up to a year does what? | {
"text": [
"hibernate"
],
"answer_start": [
382
]
} |
572994a7af94a219006aa529 | Insect | The eusocial insects build nest, guard eggs, and provide food for offspring full-time (see Eusociality). Most insects, however, lead short lives as adults, and rarely interact with one another except to mate or compete for mates. A small number exhibit some form of parental care, where they will at least guard their eg... | Eusocial insects provide food for their offspring full-time or part-time? | {
"text": [
"full-time"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
} |
572994a7af94a219006aa52a | Insect | The eusocial insects build nest, guard eggs, and provide food for offspring full-time (see Eusociality). Most insects, however, lead short lives as adults, and rarely interact with one another except to mate or compete for mates. A small number exhibit some form of parental care, where they will at least guard their eg... | What do eusocial insects guard? | {
"text": [
"eggs"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} |
572994a7af94a219006aa52b | Insect | The eusocial insects build nest, guard eggs, and provide food for offspring full-time (see Eusociality). Most insects, however, lead short lives as adults, and rarely interact with one another except to mate or compete for mates. A small number exhibit some form of parental care, where they will at least guard their eg... | What do eusocial insects build? | {
"text": [
"nest"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} |
572994a7af94a219006aa52c | Insect | The eusocial insects build nest, guard eggs, and provide food for offspring full-time (see Eusociality). Most insects, however, lead short lives as adults, and rarely interact with one another except to mate or compete for mates. A small number exhibit some form of parental care, where they will at least guard their eg... | Most eusocial insects lead what kind of life once becoming an adult? | {
"text": [
"short"
],
"answer_start": [
133
]
} |
572994a7af94a219006aa52d | Insect | The eusocial insects build nest, guard eggs, and provide food for offspring full-time (see Eusociality). Most insects, however, lead short lives as adults, and rarely interact with one another except to mate or compete for mates. A small number exhibit some form of parental care, where they will at least guard their eg... | An adult eusocial insect does not contact it's what? | {
"text": [
"growing offspring"
],
"answer_start": [
654
]
} |
572995e9af94a219006aa539 | Insect | Insects are the only group of invertebrates to have developed flight. The evolution of insect wings has been a subject of debate. Some entomologists suggest that the wings are from paranotal lobes, or extensions from the insect's exoskeleton called the nota, called the paranotal theory. Other theories are based on a pl... | Insects are the only invertebrates that have evolved into what? | {
"text": [
"flight"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} |
572995e9af94a219006aa53a | Insect | Insects are the only group of invertebrates to have developed flight. The evolution of insect wings has been a subject of debate. Some entomologists suggest that the wings are from paranotal lobes, or extensions from the insect's exoskeleton called the nota, called the paranotal theory. Other theories are based on a pl... | What part of the insect has been up for debate? | {
"text": [
"wings"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
} |
572995e9af94a219006aa53b | Insect | Insects are the only group of invertebrates to have developed flight. The evolution of insect wings has been a subject of debate. Some entomologists suggest that the wings are from paranotal lobes, or extensions from the insect's exoskeleton called the nota, called the paranotal theory. Other theories are based on a pl... | Wings from the paranotal lobes are based on what theory? | {
"text": [
"paranotal theory"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
572995e9af94a219006aa53c | Insect | Insects are the only group of invertebrates to have developed flight. The evolution of insect wings has been a subject of debate. Some entomologists suggest that the wings are from paranotal lobes, or extensions from the insect's exoskeleton called the nota, called the paranotal theory. Other theories are based on a pl... | Wings from modified gills is from what origin? | {
"text": [
"pleural origin"
],
"answer_start": [
318
]
} |
572995e9af94a219006aa53d | Insect | Insects are the only group of invertebrates to have developed flight. The evolution of insect wings has been a subject of debate. Some entomologists suggest that the wings are from paranotal lobes, or extensions from the insect's exoskeleton called the nota, called the paranotal theory. Other theories are based on a pl... | The epicoxal theory suggests insect wings are modified what? | {
"text": [
"epicoxal exites"
],
"answer_start": [
528
]
} |
572996a1af94a219006aa543 | Insect | Many adult insects use six legs for walking and have adopted a tripedal gait. The tripedal gait allows for rapid walking while always having a stable stance and has been studied extensively in cockroaches. The legs are used in alternate triangles touching the ground. For the first step, the middle right leg and the fro... | How many legs do adult insects contain? | {
"text": [
"six"
],
"answer_start": [
23
]
} |
572996a1af94a219006aa544 | Insect | Many adult insects use six legs for walking and have adopted a tripedal gait. The tripedal gait allows for rapid walking while always having a stable stance and has been studied extensively in cockroaches. The legs are used in alternate triangles touching the ground. For the first step, the middle right leg and the fro... | Most adult insects have adopted what kind of gait? | {
"text": [
"tripedal"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
} |
572996a1af94a219006aa545 | Insect | Many adult insects use six legs for walking and have adopted a tripedal gait. The tripedal gait allows for rapid walking while always having a stable stance and has been studied extensively in cockroaches. The legs are used in alternate triangles touching the ground. For the first step, the middle right leg and the fro... | The tripedal gait allows what kind of walking? | {
"text": [
"rapid"
],
"answer_start": [
107
]
} |
572996a1af94a219006aa546 | Insect | Many adult insects use six legs for walking and have adopted a tripedal gait. The tripedal gait allows for rapid walking while always having a stable stance and has been studied extensively in cockroaches. The legs are used in alternate triangles touching the ground. For the first step, the middle right leg and the fro... | Insects can adopt how many gaits? | {
"text": [
"a variety"
],
"answer_start": [
781
]
} |
572996a1af94a219006aa547 | Insect | Many adult insects use six legs for walking and have adopted a tripedal gait. The tripedal gait allows for rapid walking while always having a stable stance and has been studied extensively in cockroaches. The legs are used in alternate triangles touching the ground. For the first step, the middle right leg and the fro... | Insects can change their gait to deal with the loss of what? | {
"text": [
"limbs"
],
"answer_start": [
983
]
} |
572997463f37b319004784bd | Insect | Cockroaches are among the fastest insect runners and, at full speed, adopt a bipedal run to reach a high velocity in proportion to their body size. As cockroaches move very quickly, they need to be video recorded at several hundred frames per second to reveal their gait. More sedate locomotion is seen in the stick inse... | What kind of locomotion is seen in stick insects? | {
"text": [
"sedate"
],
"answer_start": [
277
]
} |
572997463f37b319004784be | Insect | Cockroaches are among the fastest insect runners and, at full speed, adopt a bipedal run to reach a high velocity in proportion to their body size. As cockroaches move very quickly, they need to be video recorded at several hundred frames per second to reveal their gait. More sedate locomotion is seen in the stick inse... | What is another name for walking stick insects? | {
"text": [
"Phasmatodea"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} |
572997463f37b319004784bf | Insect | Cockroaches are among the fastest insect runners and, at full speed, adopt a bipedal run to reach a high velocity in proportion to their body size. As cockroaches move very quickly, they need to be video recorded at several hundred frames per second to reveal their gait. More sedate locomotion is seen in the stick inse... | Some insects can walk on top of what? | {
"text": [
"water"
],
"answer_start": [
414
]
} |
572997463f37b319004784c0 | Insect | Cockroaches are among the fastest insect runners and, at full speed, adopt a bipedal run to reach a high velocity in proportion to their body size. As cockroaches move very quickly, they need to be video recorded at several hundred frames per second to reveal their gait. More sedate locomotion is seen in the stick inse... | What insect can walk on the surface of water? | {
"text": [
"water striders"
],
"answer_start": [
482
]
} |
572997463f37b319004784c1 | Insect | Cockroaches are among the fastest insect runners and, at full speed, adopt a bipedal run to reach a high velocity in proportion to their body size. As cockroaches move very quickly, they need to be video recorded at several hundred frames per second to reveal their gait. More sedate locomotion is seen in the stick inse... | Water striders are part of what insect family? | {
"text": [
"Gerridae"
],
"answer_start": [
447
]
} |
572998921d04691400779565 | Insect | Many of these species have adaptations to help in under-water locomotion. Water beetles and water bugs have legs adapted into paddle-like structures. Dragonfly naiads use jet propulsion, forcibly expelling water out of their rectal chamber. Some species like the water striders are capable of walking on the surface of w... | Water beetles have legs of what type of structure? | {
"text": [
"paddle-like"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
572998921d04691400779566 | Insect | Many of these species have adaptations to help in under-water locomotion. Water beetles and water bugs have legs adapted into paddle-like structures. Dragonfly naiads use jet propulsion, forcibly expelling water out of their rectal chamber. Some species like the water striders are capable of walking on the surface of w... | Dragonflys use what kind of propulsion? | {
"text": [
"jet"
],
"answer_start": [
171
]
} |
572998921d04691400779567 | Insect | Many of these species have adaptations to help in under-water locomotion. Water beetles and water bugs have legs adapted into paddle-like structures. Dragonfly naiads use jet propulsion, forcibly expelling water out of their rectal chamber. Some species like the water striders are capable of walking on the surface of w... | Dragonflys shoot water from where? | {
"text": [
"rectal chamber"
],
"answer_start": [
225
]
} |
572998921d04691400779568 | Insect | Many of these species have adaptations to help in under-water locomotion. Water beetles and water bugs have legs adapted into paddle-like structures. Dragonfly naiads use jet propulsion, forcibly expelling water out of their rectal chamber. Some species like the water striders are capable of walking on the surface of w... | Water striders have what kind of special groove up their leg? | {
"text": [
"recessed"
],
"answer_start": [
419
]
} |
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