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5731bc330fdd8d15006c64bc
Pacific_War
The official policy of the U.S. Government is that Thailand was not an ally of the Axis, and that the United States was not at war with Thailand. The policy of the U.S. Government ever since 1945 has been to treat Thailand not as a former enemy, but rather as a country which had been forced into certain actions by Japa...
What nations were occupied by the Axis?
{ "text": [ "Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Greece, Norway, Poland, and the Netherlands" ], "answer_start": [ 482 ] }
5731bc330fdd8d15006c64bd
Pacific_War
The official policy of the U.S. Government is that Thailand was not an ally of the Axis, and that the United States was not at war with Thailand. The policy of the U.S. Government ever since 1945 has been to treat Thailand not as a former enemy, but rather as a country which had been forced into certain actions by Japa...
After 1945, how did the USA treat Thailand?
{ "text": [ "not as a former enemy" ], "answer_start": [ 223 ] }
5731bc330fdd8d15006c64be
Pacific_War
The official policy of the U.S. Government is that Thailand was not an ally of the Axis, and that the United States was not at war with Thailand. The policy of the U.S. Government ever since 1945 has been to treat Thailand not as a former enemy, but rather as a country which had been forced into certain actions by Japa...
Who occupied Thailand according to the USA?
{ "text": [ "Japanese troops" ], "answer_start": [ 361 ] }
572fc767b2c2fd140056845b
Pacific_War
Japan conscripted many soldiers from its colonies of Korea and Formosa (Taiwan). To a small extent, some Vichy French, Indian National Army, and Burmese National Army forces were active in the area of the Pacific War. Collaborationist units from Hong Kong (reformed ex-colonial police), Philippines, Dutch East Indies (t...
Where did many of Japan's soldiers come from?
{ "text": [ "Korea and Formosa" ], "answer_start": [ 53 ] }
572fc767b2c2fd140056845c
Pacific_War
Japan conscripted many soldiers from its colonies of Korea and Formosa (Taiwan). To a small extent, some Vichy French, Indian National Army, and Burmese National Army forces were active in the area of the Pacific War. Collaborationist units from Hong Kong (reformed ex-colonial police), Philippines, Dutch East Indies (t...
What type of soldiers came from Hong Kong?
{ "text": [ "Collaborationist units" ], "answer_start": [ 218 ] }
572fc767b2c2fd140056845d
Pacific_War
Japan conscripted many soldiers from its colonies of Korea and Formosa (Taiwan). To a small extent, some Vichy French, Indian National Army, and Burmese National Army forces were active in the area of the Pacific War. Collaborationist units from Hong Kong (reformed ex-colonial police), Philippines, Dutch East Indies (t...
What other Asian country, a group of islands, helped the Japanese?
{ "text": [ "Philippines" ], "answer_start": [ 287 ] }
5731bdd7e17f3d140042236b
Pacific_War
Japan conscripted many soldiers from its colonies of Korea and Formosa (Taiwan). To a small extent, some Vichy French, Indian National Army, and Burmese National Army forces were active in the area of the Pacific War. Collaborationist units from Hong Kong (reformed ex-colonial police), Philippines, Dutch East Indies (t...
What colonies did Japan conscript soldiers from?
{ "text": [ "Korea and Formosa" ], "answer_start": [ 53 ] }
5731bdd7e17f3d140042236c
Pacific_War
Japan conscripted many soldiers from its colonies of Korea and Formosa (Taiwan). To a small extent, some Vichy French, Indian National Army, and Burmese National Army forces were active in the area of the Pacific War. Collaborationist units from Hong Kong (reformed ex-colonial police), Philippines, Dutch East Indies (t...
What French forces assisted Japan?
{ "text": [ "Vichy" ], "answer_start": [ 105 ] }
5731bdd7e17f3d140042236d
Pacific_War
Japan conscripted many soldiers from its colonies of Korea and Formosa (Taiwan). To a small extent, some Vichy French, Indian National Army, and Burmese National Army forces were active in the area of the Pacific War. Collaborationist units from Hong Kong (reformed ex-colonial police), Philippines, Dutch East Indies (t...
Who were the collaborators assisting Japan in Hong King?
{ "text": [ "ex-colonial police" ], "answer_start": [ 266 ] }
572fc83804bcaa1900d76d19
Pacific_War
The major Allied participants were the United States, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom (including the armed forces of British India, the Fiji Islands, Samoa, etc.), Australia, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Netherlands (as the possessor of the Dutch East Indies and the western part of New Guinea), Ne...
Did Mexico play a part in the war?
{ "text": [ "took part" ], "answer_start": [ 446 ] }
572fc83804bcaa1900d76d1a
Pacific_War
The major Allied participants were the United States, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom (including the armed forces of British India, the Fiji Islands, Samoa, etc.), Australia, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Netherlands (as the possessor of the Dutch East Indies and the western part of New Guinea), Ne...
On which side of the war were the Chinese?
{ "text": [ "United States" ], "answer_start": [ 39 ] }
572fc83804bcaa1900d76d1b
Pacific_War
The major Allied participants were the United States, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom (including the armed forces of British India, the Fiji Islands, Samoa, etc.), Australia, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Netherlands (as the possessor of the Dutch East Indies and the western part of New Guinea), Ne...
What other major continent participated as an ally of the U.S.?
{ "text": [ "Australia" ], "answer_start": [ 174 ] }
5731bfc80fdd8d15006c64f1
Pacific_War
The major Allied participants were the United States, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom (including the armed forces of British India, the Fiji Islands, Samoa, etc.), Australia, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Netherlands (as the possessor of the Dutch East Indies and the western part of New Guinea), Ne...
What colonies did the Netherlands possess?
{ "text": [ "Dutch East Indies and the western part of New Guinea" ], "answer_start": [ 263 ] }
5731bfc80fdd8d15006c64f2
Pacific_War
The major Allied participants were the United States, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom (including the armed forces of British India, the Fiji Islands, Samoa, etc.), Australia, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Netherlands (as the possessor of the Dutch East Indies and the western part of New Guinea), Ne...
What large Asian country was allied with the United States?
{ "text": [ "Republic of China" ], "answer_start": [ 58 ] }
5731bfc80fdd8d15006c64f3
Pacific_War
The major Allied participants were the United States, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom (including the armed forces of British India, the Fiji Islands, Samoa, etc.), Australia, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Netherlands (as the possessor of the Dutch East Indies and the western part of New Guinea), Ne...
What was the name of the Philippines nation?
{ "text": [ "Commonwealth of the Philippines" ], "answer_start": [ 189 ] }
5731bfc80fdd8d15006c64f4
Pacific_War
The major Allied participants were the United States, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom (including the armed forces of British India, the Fiji Islands, Samoa, etc.), Australia, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Netherlands (as the possessor of the Dutch East Indies and the western part of New Guinea), Ne...
What nation possessed the Dutch East Indies?
{ "text": [ "Netherlands" ], "answer_start": [ 226 ] }
5731bfc80fdd8d15006c64f5
Pacific_War
The major Allied participants were the United States, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom (including the armed forces of British India, the Fiji Islands, Samoa, etc.), Australia, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Netherlands (as the possessor of the Dutch East Indies and the western part of New Guinea), Ne...
What nation possessed west New Guinea?
{ "text": [ "Netherlands" ], "answer_start": [ 226 ] }
572fc958a23a5019007fc9d5
Pacific_War
By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and was ready to move deeper into China. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The Nationalist and Communist Chinese suspended their civil war to form a nominal alliance against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly lent support ...
What incident occured on July 7, 1937?
{ "text": [ "Marco Polo Bridge Incident" ], "answer_start": [ 81 ] }
572fc958a23a5019007fc9d6
Pacific_War
By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and was ready to move deeper into China. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The Nationalist and Communist Chinese suspended their civil war to form a nominal alliance against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly lent support ...
Who supplied assistance to the Chinese military?
{ "text": [ "Soviet Union" ], "answer_start": [ 286 ] }
572fc958a23a5019007fc9d7
Pacific_War
By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and was ready to move deeper into China. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The Nationalist and Communist Chinese suspended their civil war to form a nominal alliance against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly lent support ...
When did the Nanking Massacre occur?
{ "text": [ "December 1937" ], "answer_start": [ 639 ] }
572fc958a23a5019007fc9d8
Pacific_War
By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and was ready to move deeper into China. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The Nationalist and Communist Chinese suspended their civil war to form a nominal alliance against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly lent support ...
Where was the first Nationalist victory?
{ "text": [ "Taierzhuang" ], "answer_start": [ 765 ] }
572fc958a23a5019007fc9d9
Pacific_War
By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and was ready to move deeper into China. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The Nationalist and Communist Chinese suspended their civil war to form a nominal alliance against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly lent support ...
How did people around the world react to Japan's Panay Incident?
{ "text": [ "condemned" ], "answer_start": [ 1031 ] }
5731c137e99e3014001e6248
Pacific_War
By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and was ready to move deeper into China. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The Nationalist and Communist Chinese suspended their civil war to form a nominal alliance against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly lent support ...
When was the Marco Polo Bridge Incident?
{ "text": [ "7 July 1937" ], "answer_start": [ 111 ] }
5731c137e99e3014001e6249
Pacific_War
By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and was ready to move deeper into China. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The Nationalist and Communist Chinese suspended their civil war to form a nominal alliance against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly lent support ...
What incident started the war between China and Japan?
{ "text": [ "Marco Polo Bridge Incident" ], "answer_start": [ 81 ] }
5731c137e99e3014001e624a
Pacific_War
By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and was ready to move deeper into China. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The Nationalist and Communist Chinese suspended their civil war to form a nominal alliance against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly lent support ...
What nation provided material support to China?
{ "text": [ "Soviet Union" ], "answer_start": [ 286 ] }
5731c137e99e3014001e624b
Pacific_War
By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and was ready to move deeper into China. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The Nationalist and Communist Chinese suspended their civil war to form a nominal alliance against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly lent support ...
What was the capital of China?
{ "text": [ "Nanking" ], "answer_start": [ 628 ] }
5731c137e99e3014001e624c
Pacific_War
By 1937, Japan controlled Manchuria and was ready to move deeper into China. The Marco Polo Bridge Incident on 7 July 1937 provoked full-scale war between China and Japan. The Nationalist and Communist Chinese suspended their civil war to form a nominal alliance against Japan, and the Soviet Union quickly lent support ...
When was Nanking captured?
{ "text": [ "December 1937" ], "answer_start": [ 639 ] }
572fca2d04bcaa1900d76d37
Pacific_War
In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a Japanese victory. On 27 September Japan signed a military al...
Who controled Indochina in 1940?
{ "text": [ "Vichy France" ], "answer_start": [ 142 ] }
572fca2d04bcaa1900d76d38
Pacific_War
In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a Japanese victory. On 27 September Japan signed a military al...
When did Japan invade Indochina?
{ "text": [ "September 1940" ], "answer_start": [ 3 ] }
572fca2d04bcaa1900d76d39
Pacific_War
In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a Japanese victory. On 27 September Japan signed a military al...
Who were the Axis Powers along with Japan in 1940?
{ "text": [ "Germany and Italy" ], "answer_start": [ 332 ] }
572fca2d04bcaa1900d76d3a
Pacific_War
In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a Japanese victory. On 27 September Japan signed a military al...
Did Japan and Germany work closely together prior to 1944?
{ "text": [ "little coordination" ], "answer_start": [ 413 ] }
5731c82ee99e3014001e626e
Pacific_War
In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a Japanese victory. On 27 September Japan signed a military al...
When did Japan take over Indochina?
{ "text": [ "September 1940" ], "answer_start": [ 3 ] }
5731c82ee99e3014001e626f
Pacific_War
In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a Japanese victory. On 27 September Japan signed a military al...
Who controlled Indochina before the Japanese takeover?
{ "text": [ "Vichy France" ], "answer_start": [ 142 ] }
5731c82ee99e3014001e6270
Pacific_War
In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a Japanese victory. On 27 September Japan signed a military al...
When did Japan become an Axis power?
{ "text": [ "27 September" ], "answer_start": [ 281 ] }
5731c82ee99e3014001e6271
Pacific_War
In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a Japanese victory. On 27 September Japan signed a military al...
How many nations comprised the Axis powers?
{ "text": [ "three" ], "answer_start": [ 371 ] }
5731c82ee99e3014001e6272
Pacific_War
In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a Japanese victory. On 27 September Japan signed a military al...
How much coordination was there between Japan and Germany?
{ "text": [ "little" ], "answer_start": [ 413 ] }
572fcb7b04bcaa1900d76d3f
Pacific_War
The war entered a new phase with the unprecedented defeat of the Japanese at Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and 1st Battle of Changsha. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese a...
Why did the Chinese ultimately fail in its counter offensives?
{ "text": [ "low military-industrial capacity" ], "answer_start": [ 257 ] }
572fcb7b04bcaa1900d76d40
Pacific_War
The war entered a new phase with the unprecedented defeat of the Japanese at Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and 1st Battle of Changsha. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese a...
What policy did Japan adopt to retaliate against China?
{ "text": [ "\"Three Alls Policy\" (\"Kill all, Burn all, Loot all\")" ], "answer_start": [ 459 ] }
572fcb7b04bcaa1900d76d41
Pacific_War
The war entered a new phase with the unprecedented defeat of the Japanese at Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and 1st Battle of Changsha. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese a...
What slowed the Japanese in their attacks on China?
{ "text": [ "mountainous terrain" ], "answer_start": [ 1262 ] }
572fcb7b04bcaa1900d76d42
Pacific_War
The war entered a new phase with the unprecedented defeat of the Japanese at Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and 1st Battle of Changsha. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese a...
In what city did Japan set up a provisional capital?
{ "text": [ "Chungking" ], "answer_start": [ 802 ] }
5731ca06e17f3d14004223f5
Pacific_War
The war entered a new phase with the unprecedented defeat of the Japanese at Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and 1st Battle of Changsha. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese a...
What was Japan's "Three Alls Policy"?
{ "text": [ "\"Kill all, Burn all, Loot all\"" ], "answer_start": [ 480 ] }
5731ca06e17f3d14004223f6
Pacific_War
The war entered a new phase with the unprecedented defeat of the Japanese at Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and 1st Battle of Changsha. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese a...
What year did China and Japan reach a stalemate?
{ "text": [ "1941" ], "answer_start": [ 592 ] }
5731ca06e17f3d14004223f7
Pacific_War
The war entered a new phase with the unprecedented defeat of the Japanese at Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and 1st Battle of Changsha. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese a...
Where was the Chinese provisional capital?
{ "text": [ "Chungking" ], "answer_start": [ 802 ] }
5731ca06e17f3d14004223f8
Pacific_War
The war entered a new phase with the unprecedented defeat of the Japanese at Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and 1st Battle of Changsha. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese a...
What natural obsticles stalled the Japanese offensive against the Chinese?
{ "text": [ "mountainous terrain" ], "answer_start": [ 1262 ] }
5731ca06e17f3d14004223f9
Pacific_War
The war entered a new phase with the unprecedented defeat of the Japanese at Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and 1st Battle of Changsha. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese a...
What group organised guerrilla warfare against the Japanese in China?
{ "text": [ "Communists" ], "answer_start": [ 1314 ] }
572fcc4ba23a5019007fca03
Pacific_War
Japan sponsored several puppet governments, one of which was headed by Wang Jingwei. However, its policies of brutality toward the Chinese population, of not yielding any real power to these regimes, and of supporting several rival governments failed to make any of them a viable alternative to the Nationalist governmen...
Who was the leader of the Nationalist government?
{ "text": [ "Chiang Kai-shek" ], "answer_start": [ 329 ] }
572fcc4ba23a5019007fca04
Pacific_War
Japan sponsored several puppet governments, one of which was headed by Wang Jingwei. However, its policies of brutality toward the Chinese population, of not yielding any real power to these regimes, and of supporting several rival governments failed to make any of them a viable alternative to the Nationalist governmen...
When did cooperation between communist and nationalist forces end?
{ "text": [ "January 1941" ], "answer_start": [ 489 ] }
572fcc4ba23a5019007fca05
Pacific_War
Japan sponsored several puppet governments, one of which was headed by Wang Jingwei. However, its policies of brutality toward the Chinese population, of not yielding any real power to these regimes, and of supporting several rival governments failed to make any of them a viable alternative to the Nationalist governmen...
Did Japan support rival governments?
{ "text": [ "supporting several" ], "answer_start": [ 207 ] }
5731cb260fdd8d15006c6531
Pacific_War
Japan sponsored several puppet governments, one of which was headed by Wang Jingwei. However, its policies of brutality toward the Chinese population, of not yielding any real power to these regimes, and of supporting several rival governments failed to make any of them a viable alternative to the Nationalist governmen...
When did the co-operation between Chinese nationalist forces and communists end?
{ "text": [ "January 1941" ], "answer_start": [ 489 ] }
5731cb260fdd8d15006c6532
Pacific_War
Japan sponsored several puppet governments, one of which was headed by Wang Jingwei. However, its policies of brutality toward the Chinese population, of not yielding any real power to these regimes, and of supporting several rival governments failed to make any of them a viable alternative to the Nationalist governmen...
What was Wang Jingwei's government considered?
{ "text": [ "puppet" ], "answer_start": [ 24 ] }
5731cb260fdd8d15006c6533
Pacific_War
Japan sponsored several puppet governments, one of which was headed by Wang Jingwei. However, its policies of brutality toward the Chinese population, of not yielding any real power to these regimes, and of supporting several rival governments failed to make any of them a viable alternative to the Nationalist governmen...
What government did Chiang Kai-shek lead?
{ "text": [ "Nationalist government" ], "answer_start": [ 299 ] }
572fcd1004bcaa1900d76d51
Pacific_War
From as early as 1935 Japanese military strategists had concluded the Dutch East Indies were, because of their oil reserves, of considerable importance to Japan. By 1940 they had expanded this to include Indo-China, Malaya, and the Philippines within their concept of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Japanese...
Which Japanese Admiral felt it was necessary to go to war with the U.S.?
{ "text": [ "Sankichi Takahashi" ], "answer_start": [ 461 ] }
572fcd1004bcaa1900d76d52
Pacific_War
From as early as 1935 Japanese military strategists had concluded the Dutch East Indies were, because of their oil reserves, of considerable importance to Japan. By 1940 they had expanded this to include Indo-China, Malaya, and the Philippines within their concept of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Japanese...
Why was the Dutch East Indies important to Japan?
{ "text": [ "oil reserves" ], "answer_start": [ 111 ] }
572fcd1004bcaa1900d76d53
Pacific_War
From as early as 1935 Japanese military strategists had concluded the Dutch East Indies were, because of their oil reserves, of considerable importance to Japan. By 1940 they had expanded this to include Indo-China, Malaya, and the Philippines within their concept of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Japanese...
In what year did the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere expand?
{ "text": [ "1940" ], "answer_start": [ 165 ] }
5731cd5be17f3d1400422423
Pacific_War
From as early as 1935 Japanese military strategists had concluded the Dutch East Indies were, because of their oil reserves, of considerable importance to Japan. By 1940 they had expanded this to include Indo-China, Malaya, and the Philippines within their concept of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Japanese...
What was the importance of the Dutch East Indies to Japan?
{ "text": [ "oil reserves" ], "answer_start": [ 111 ] }
5731cd5be17f3d1400422424
Pacific_War
From as early as 1935 Japanese military strategists had concluded the Dutch East Indies were, because of their oil reserves, of considerable importance to Japan. By 1940 they had expanded this to include Indo-China, Malaya, and the Philippines within their concept of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Japanese...
Who said a showdown between Japan and the United States would be necessary?
{ "text": [ "Admiral Sankichi Takahashi" ], "answer_start": [ 453 ] }
5731cd5be17f3d1400422425
Pacific_War
From as early as 1935 Japanese military strategists had concluded the Dutch East Indies were, because of their oil reserves, of considerable importance to Japan. By 1940 they had expanded this to include Indo-China, Malaya, and the Philippines within their concept of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Japanese...
By what year did Japanese strategists expand their concept of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere?
{ "text": [ "1940" ], "answer_start": [ 165 ] }
572fcdcab2c2fd1400568485
Pacific_War
In an effort to discourage Japanese militarism, Western powers including Australia, the United States, Britain, and the Dutch government in exile, which controlled the petroleum-rich Dutch East Indies, stopped selling oil, iron ore, and steel to Japan, denying it the raw materials needed to continue its activities in C...
What did The West do to disuade Japan in China and French Indochina?
{ "text": [ "stopped selling oil, iron ore, and steel to Japan" ], "answer_start": [ 202 ] }
572fcdcab2c2fd1400568486
Pacific_War
In an effort to discourage Japanese militarism, Western powers including Australia, the United States, Britain, and the Dutch government in exile, which controlled the petroleum-rich Dutch East Indies, stopped selling oil, iron ore, and steel to Japan, denying it the raw materials needed to continue its activities in C...
Why was denying supplies important to the western countries?
{ "text": [ "denying it the raw materials needed to continue its activities" ], "answer_start": [ 253 ] }
572fcdcab2c2fd1400568487
Pacific_War
In an effort to discourage Japanese militarism, Western powers including Australia, the United States, Britain, and the Dutch government in exile, which controlled the petroleum-rich Dutch East Indies, stopped selling oil, iron ore, and steel to Japan, denying it the raw materials needed to continue its activities in C...
What were these embargoes called by the Japanese media?
{ "text": [ "\"ABCD (\"American-British-Chinese-Dutch\")" ], "answer_start": [ 672 ] }
5731ced00fdd8d15006c655d
Pacific_War
In an effort to discourage Japanese militarism, Western powers including Australia, the United States, Britain, and the Dutch government in exile, which controlled the petroleum-rich Dutch East Indies, stopped selling oil, iron ore, and steel to Japan, denying it the raw materials needed to continue its activities in C...
Why did Western powers stop selling resources to Japan?
{ "text": [ "to discourage Japanese militarism" ], "answer_start": [ 13 ] }
5731ced00fdd8d15006c655e
Pacific_War
In an effort to discourage Japanese militarism, Western powers including Australia, the United States, Britain, and the Dutch government in exile, which controlled the petroleum-rich Dutch East Indies, stopped selling oil, iron ore, and steel to Japan, denying it the raw materials needed to continue its activities in C...
How did Japan view Western embargos?
{ "text": [ "as acts of aggression" ], "answer_start": [ 411 ] }
5731ced00fdd8d15006c655f
Pacific_War
In an effort to discourage Japanese militarism, Western powers including Australia, the United States, Britain, and the Dutch government in exile, which controlled the petroleum-rich Dutch East Indies, stopped selling oil, iron ore, and steel to Japan, denying it the raw materials needed to continue its activities in C...
What percent of oil made up Japan's domestic consumption?
{ "text": [ "about 80%" ], "answer_start": [ 455 ] }
5731ced00fdd8d15006c6560
Pacific_War
In an effort to discourage Japanese militarism, Western powers including Australia, the United States, Britain, and the Dutch government in exile, which controlled the petroleum-rich Dutch East Indies, stopped selling oil, iron ore, and steel to Japan, denying it the raw materials needed to continue its activities in C...
What did the Japanese media refer to the embargoes as?
{ "text": [ "\"ABCD line\"" ], "answer_start": [ 730 ] }
572fcebd04bcaa1900d76d6f
Pacific_War
The Japanese leadership was aware that a total military victory in a traditional sense against the USA was impossible; the alternative would be negotiating for peace after their initial victories, which would recognize Japanese hegemony in Asia. In fact, the Imperial GHQ noted, should acceptable negotiations be reached...
What would Japan accomplish by peace after their early victories?
{ "text": [ "recognize Japanese hegemony in Asia." ], "answer_start": [ 209 ] }
572fcebd04bcaa1900d76d70
Pacific_War
The Japanese leadership was aware that a total military victory in a traditional sense against the USA was impossible; the alternative would be negotiating for peace after their initial victories, which would recognize Japanese hegemony in Asia. In fact, the Imperial GHQ noted, should acceptable negotiations be reached...
What was Japan's strategic goal in attacking America?
{ "text": [ "defeated by reaching limited military objectives, not by total conquest" ], "answer_start": [ 650 ] }
572fcebd04bcaa1900d76d71
Pacific_War
The Japanese leadership was aware that a total military victory in a traditional sense against the USA was impossible; the alternative would be negotiating for peace after their initial victories, which would recognize Japanese hegemony in Asia. In fact, the Imperial GHQ noted, should acceptable negotiations be reached...
Did The Japanese believe they could defeate the U.S.?
{ "text": [ "impossible" ], "answer_start": [ 107 ] }
5731d0ebe99e3014001e62e4
Pacific_War
The Japanese leadership was aware that a total military victory in a traditional sense against the USA was impossible; the alternative would be negotiating for peace after their initial victories, which would recognize Japanese hegemony in Asia. In fact, the Imperial GHQ noted, should acceptable negotiations be reached...
What did the Japanese military leadership think the chances were of complete military victory ove the United States?
{ "text": [ "impossible" ], "answer_start": [ 107 ] }
5731d0ebe99e3014001e62e5
Pacific_War
The Japanese leadership was aware that a total military victory in a traditional sense against the USA was impossible; the alternative would be negotiating for peace after their initial victories, which would recognize Japanese hegemony in Asia. In fact, the Imperial GHQ noted, should acceptable negotiations be reached...
What did Japan want recognised in planned peace negotiations after their initial victories?
{ "text": [ "Japanese hegemony in Asia" ], "answer_start": [ 219 ] }
5731d0ebe99e3014001e62e6
Pacific_War
The Japanese leadership was aware that a total military victory in a traditional sense against the USA was impossible; the alternative would be negotiating for peace after their initial victories, which would recognize Japanese hegemony in Asia. In fact, the Imperial GHQ noted, should acceptable negotiations be reached...
If acceptable negotiations btween Japan and the United States were reached, what would be done regarding the attacks?
{ "text": [ "canceled" ], "answer_start": [ 364 ] }
5731d0ebe99e3014001e62e7
Pacific_War
The Japanese leadership was aware that a total military victory in a traditional sense against the USA was impossible; the alternative would be negotiating for peace after their initial victories, which would recognize Japanese hegemony in Asia. In fact, the Imperial GHQ noted, should acceptable negotiations be reached...
What was the conduct of the war against the United States based on?
{ "text": [ "historical experiences" ], "answer_start": [ 510 ] }
572fd2e7947a6a140053cd0c
Pacific_War
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of ...
How many U.S. battleships were incapacitated in the Pearl Harbor attacks?
{ "text": [ "eight" ], "answer_start": [ 196 ] }
572fd2e7947a6a140053cd0d
Pacific_War
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of ...
How many Americans died in the Pearl Harbor attacks?
{ "text": [ "2,403" ], "answer_start": [ 275 ] }
572fd2e7947a6a140053cd0e
Pacific_War
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of ...
Was America at war when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor?
{ "text": [ "not officially at war" ], "answer_start": [ 345 ] }
572fd2e7947a6a140053cd0f
Pacific_War
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of ...
Why did Japan attack America?
{ "text": [ "allow Japan free rein in Asia" ], "answer_start": [ 661 ] }
572fd2e7947a6a140053cd10
Pacific_War
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of ...
What were the most vital American ships at the time of the attack?
{ "text": [ "aircraft carriers" ], "answer_start": [ 792 ] }
5731d25ae17f3d140042244b
Pacific_War
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of ...
When did Japan launch the aattack on Pearl Harbor?
{ "text": [ "7 December" ], "answer_start": [ 22 ] }
5731d25ae17f3d140042244c
Pacific_War
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of ...
How many American battleships were put out of action in the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?
{ "text": [ "eight" ], "answer_start": [ 196 ] }
5731d25ae17f3d140042244d
Pacific_War
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of ...
How many US citizens were killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?
{ "text": [ "2,403" ], "answer_start": [ 275 ] }
5731d25ae17f3d140042244e
Pacific_War
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of ...
How many aircraft did the United States lose in the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?
{ "text": [ "188" ], "answer_start": [ 238 ] }
5731d25ae17f3d140042244f
Pacific_War
In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of ...
Where were the American aircraft carriers during the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?
{ "text": [ "at sea" ], "answer_start": [ 873 ] }
572fd400b2c2fd14005684c7
Pacific_War
Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the 800,000-member America First Committee vehemently opposed any American intervention in the European conflict, even as America sold military aid to Britain and the Soviet Union through the Lend-Lease program. Opposition to war in the U.S. vanished after the attack. On 8 December, t...
What program allowed America to sell military supplies to Britain and the Soviet Union?
{ "text": [ "Lend-Lease" ], "answer_start": [ 227 ] }
572fd400b2c2fd14005684c8
Pacific_War
Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the 800,000-member America First Committee vehemently opposed any American intervention in the European conflict, even as America sold military aid to Britain and the Soviet Union through the Lend-Lease program. Opposition to war in the U.S. vanished after the attack. On 8 December, t...
On what day did the U.S. and its allies declar war on Japan?
{ "text": [ "8 December" ], "answer_start": [ 307 ] }
572fd400b2c2fd14005684c9
Pacific_War
Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the 800,000-member America First Committee vehemently opposed any American intervention in the European conflict, even as America sold military aid to Britain and the Soviet Union through the Lend-Lease program. Opposition to war in the U.S. vanished after the attack. On 8 December, t...
How long after the Pearl Harbor attacks did Germany and Italy declare war?
{ "text": [ "Four days" ], "answer_start": [ 455 ] }
572fd400b2c2fd14005684ca
Pacific_War
Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the 800,000-member America First Committee vehemently opposed any American intervention in the European conflict, even as America sold military aid to Britain and the Soviet Union through the Lend-Lease program. Opposition to war in the U.S. vanished after the attack. On 8 December, t...
Was Germany's declaration of war with the U.S. considered to be sound strategy?
{ "text": [ "strategic blunder" ], "answer_start": [ 631 ] }
5731e83d0fdd8d15006c6637
Pacific_War
Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the 800,000-member America First Committee vehemently opposed any American intervention in the European conflict, even as America sold military aid to Britain and the Soviet Union through the Lend-Lease program. Opposition to war in the U.S. vanished after the attack. On 8 December, t...
how many members did the America First Committee have?
{ "text": [ "800,000" ], "answer_start": [ 39 ] }
5731e83d0fdd8d15006c6638
Pacific_War
Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the 800,000-member America First Committee vehemently opposed any American intervention in the European conflict, even as America sold military aid to Britain and the Soviet Union through the Lend-Lease program. Opposition to war in the U.S. vanished after the attack. On 8 December, t...
What group was opposed to American involvement in the war in Europe?
{ "text": [ "America First Committee" ], "answer_start": [ 54 ] }
5731e83d0fdd8d15006c6639
Pacific_War
Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the 800,000-member America First Committee vehemently opposed any American intervention in the European conflict, even as America sold military aid to Britain and the Soviet Union through the Lend-Lease program. Opposition to war in the U.S. vanished after the attack. On 8 December, t...
When did the United States declare war on Japan?
{ "text": [ "8 December" ], "answer_start": [ 307 ] }
5731e83d0fdd8d15006c663a
Pacific_War
Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the 800,000-member America First Committee vehemently opposed any American intervention in the European conflict, even as America sold military aid to Britain and the Soviet Union through the Lend-Lease program. Opposition to war in the U.S. vanished after the attack. On 8 December, t...
How many days after the attack on Pearl Harbor did Germany wait to declare war on the United States?
{ "text": [ "Four" ], "answer_start": [ 455 ] }
5731e83d0fdd8d15006c663b
Pacific_War
Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the 800,000-member America First Committee vehemently opposed any American intervention in the European conflict, even as America sold military aid to Britain and the Soviet Union through the Lend-Lease program. Opposition to war in the U.S. vanished after the attack. On 8 December, t...
Who predicted Germany's declaration of war against the United States months before?
{ "text": [ "Commander Arthur McCollum" ], "answer_start": [ 766 ] }
5731ea33e17f3d140042253d
Pacific_War
Following the Declaration by United Nations (the first official use of the term United Nations) on 1 January 1942, the Allied governments appointed the British General Sir Archibald Wavell to the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command (ABDACOM), a supreme command for Allied forces in Southeast Asia. This gave Wavell...
What date was the first official use of the term United Nations?
{ "text": [ "1 January 1942" ], "answer_start": [ 99 ] }
5731ea33e17f3d140042253e
Pacific_War
Following the Declaration by United Nations (the first official use of the term United Nations) on 1 January 1942, the Allied governments appointed the British General Sir Archibald Wavell to the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command (ABDACOM), a supreme command for Allied forces in Southeast Asia. This gave Wavell...
Who was appointed to command the Allied forces in Southeast Asia in 1942?
{ "text": [ "General Sir Archibald Wavell" ], "answer_start": [ 160 ] }
5731ea33e17f3d140042253f
Pacific_War
Following the Declaration by United Nations (the first official use of the term United Nations) on 1 January 1942, the Allied governments appointed the British General Sir Archibald Wavell to the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command (ABDACOM), a supreme command for Allied forces in Southeast Asia. This gave Wavell...
When did General Wavell assume control of the Southheast Asia Allied forces?
{ "text": [ "15 January" ], "answer_start": [ 548 ] }
5731ea33e17f3d1400422540
Pacific_War
Following the Declaration by United Nations (the first official use of the term United Nations) on 1 January 1942, the Allied governments appointed the British General Sir Archibald Wavell to the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command (ABDACOM), a supreme command for Allied forces in Southeast Asia. This gave Wavell...
How spread out were the Allied forces in Southeastern Asia?
{ "text": [ "thinly" ], "answer_start": [ 361 ] }
5731ea33e17f3d1400422541
Pacific_War
Following the Declaration by United Nations (the first official use of the term United Nations) on 1 January 1942, the Allied governments appointed the British General Sir Archibald Wavell to the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command (ABDACOM), a supreme command for Allied forces in Southeast Asia. This gave Wavell...
Where did General Wavell command the Allied forces from?
{ "text": [ "Bandung" ], "answer_start": [ 575 ] }
5731ec3fe99e3014001e63ce
Pacific_War
In January, Japan invaded Burma, the Dutch East Indies, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and captured Manila, Kuala Lumpur and Rabaul. After being driven out of Malaya, Allied forces in Singapore attempted to resist the Japanese during the Battle of Singapore but surrendered to the Japanese on 15 February 1942; about 13...
What islands did Japan invade?
{ "text": [ "Solomon Islands" ], "answer_start": [ 72 ] }
5731ec3fe99e3014001e63cf
Pacific_War
In January, Japan invaded Burma, the Dutch East Indies, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and captured Manila, Kuala Lumpur and Rabaul. After being driven out of Malaya, Allied forces in Singapore attempted to resist the Japanese during the Battle of Singapore but surrendered to the Japanese on 15 February 1942; about 13...
When did Allied forces surrender Singapore to the Japanese?
{ "text": [ "15 February 1942" ], "answer_start": [ 294 ] }
5731ec3fe99e3014001e63d0
Pacific_War
In January, Japan invaded Burma, the Dutch East Indies, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and captured Manila, Kuala Lumpur and Rabaul. After being driven out of Malaya, Allied forces in Singapore attempted to resist the Japanese during the Battle of Singapore but surrendered to the Japanese on 15 February 1942; about 13...
How many Allied prisoners did Japan take after the Battle of Singapore?
{ "text": [ "about 130,000" ], "answer_start": [ 312 ] }
5731ec3fe99e3014001e63d1
Pacific_War
In January, Japan invaded Burma, the Dutch East Indies, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and captured Manila, Kuala Lumpur and Rabaul. After being driven out of Malaya, Allied forces in Singapore attempted to resist the Japanese during the Battle of Singapore but surrendered to the Japanese on 15 February 1942; about 13...
When did General Wavell resign as commander of the Allied forces of Southeastern Asia?
{ "text": [ "25 February" ], "answer_start": [ 580 ] }
5731ec3fe99e3014001e63d2
Pacific_War
In January, Japan invaded Burma, the Dutch East Indies, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and captured Manila, Kuala Lumpur and Rabaul. After being driven out of Malaya, Allied forces in Singapore attempted to resist the Japanese during the Battle of Singapore but surrendered to the Japanese on 15 February 1942; about 13...
After Wavell resigned from ABDACOM, What post did he return to?
{ "text": [ "Commander-in-Chief, India" ], "answer_start": [ 675 ] }