text stringlengths 1 1.04M | language stringclasses 1
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isStatic
clear
Clears the given indexed slot in the frame. Writing over a previously cleared slot is still
allowed. Subsequent reads to this slot, unless re-written to, will fail with
FrameSlotTypeExceptiongetObjectStatic
Static read access to a local variable of type Object. Requires the given slot to use
FrameSlotKind.Static. Since this method does not perform any type checks, language
implementations have to guarantee that the variable in the given slot is of type
Object.
Parameters:
slot - the slot of the local variable
Returns:
the current value of the local variable
Since:
22.2
setObjectStatic
Static write access to a local variable of type Object. Requires the given slot to
use FrameByteStatic
default byte getByteStatic(int slot)
Static read access to a local variable of type byte. Requires the given slot to use
FrameSlotKind.Static. Since this method does not perform any type checks, language
implementations have to guarantee that the variable in the given slot is of type byte.
Parameters:
slot - the slot of the local variable
Returns:
the current value of the local variable
Since:
22.2
setByteStatic
default void setByteStatic(int slot,
byte value)
Static write access to a local variable of type byteBooleanStatic
default boolean getBooleanStatic(int slot)
Static read access to a local variable of type boolean. Requires the given slot to use
FrameSlotKind.Static. Since this method does not perform any type checks, language
implementations have to guarantee that the variable in the given slot is of type boolean.
Parameters:
slot - the slot of the local variable
Returns:
the current value of the local variable
Since:
22.2
setBooleanStatic
default void setBooleanStatic(int slot,
boolean value)
Static write access to a local variable of type booleanIntStatic
default int getIntStatic(int slot)
Static read access to a local variable of type int. Requires the given slot to use
FrameSlotKind.Static. Since this method does not perform any type checks, language
implementations have to guarantee that the variable in the given slot can is of type int.
Parameters:
slot - the slot of the local variable
Returns:
the current value of the local variable
Since:
22.2
setIntStatic
default void setIntStatic(int slot,
int value)
Static write access to a local variable of type intLongStatic
default long getLongStatic(int slot)
Static read access to a local variable of type long. Requires the given slot to use
FrameSlotKind.Static. Since this method does not perform any type checks, language
implementations have to guarantee that the variable in the given slot is of type long.
Parameters:
slot - the slot of the local variable
Returns:
the current value of the local variable
Since:
22.2
setLongStatic
default void setLongStatic(int slot,
long value)
Static write access to a local variable of type longFloatStatic
default float getFloatStatic(int slot)
Static read access to a local variable of type float. Requires the given slot to use
FrameSlotKind.Static. Since this method does not perform any type checks, language
implementations have to guarantee that the variable in the given slot is of type float.
Parameters:
slot - the slot of the local variable
Returns:
the current value of the local variable
Since:
22.2
setFloatStatic
default void setFloatStatic(int slot,
float value)
Static write access to a local variable of type floatDoubleStatic
default double getDoubleStatic(int slot)
Static read access to a local variable of type double. Requires the given slot to use
FrameSlotKind.Static. Since this method does not perform any type checks, language
implementations have to guarantee that the variable in the given slot is of type double.
Parameters:
slot - the slot of the local variable
Returns:
the current value of the local variable
Since:
22.2
setDoubleStatic
default void setDoubleStatic(int slot,
double value)
Static write access to a local variable of type doublecopyPrimitiveStatic
default void copyPrimitiveStatic(int srcSlot,
int destSlot)
Copies a primitive value from one slot to another. Requires both slots to use
FrameSlotKind.Static. Since this method does not perform any type checks, language
implementations have to guarantee that the variable at the source slot is a primitive value.
Parameters:
srcSlot - the slot of the source local variable
destSlot - the slot of the target local variable
Since:
22.2
copyObjectStatic
default void copyObjectStatic(int srcSlot,
int destSlot)
Copies an object value from one slot to another. Requires both slots to use
FrameSlotKind.Static. Since this method does not perform any type checks, language
implementations have to guarantee that the variable at the source slot is an Object.
swapPrimitiveStatic
default void swapPrimitiveStatic(int first,
int second)
Swaps the primitive values of two slots. Requires both slots to use
FrameSlotKind.Static. Since this method does not perform any type checks, language
implementations have to guarantee that the variables in both slots are primitive values.
Parameters:
first - the slot of the first local variable
second - the slot of the second local variable
Since:
22.3
swapObjectStatic
default void swapObjectStatic(int first,
int second)
Swaps the object values of two slots. Requires both slots to use
FrameSlotKind.Static. Since this method does not perform any type checks, language
implementations have to guarantee that the variables in both slots are Objects.
clearPrimitiveStatic
default void clearPrimitiveStatic(int slot)
Clears the primitive implementations have to guarantee that the variable at the given slot is a
primitive valueclearObjectStatic
default void clearObjectStatic(int slot)
Clears the object implementations have to guarantee that the variable at the given slot is an
Object | eng | 77740354-8bf1-45e3-8512-91d6b293069f | https://www.graalvm.org/truffle/javadoc/com/oracle/truffle/api/frame/Frame.html |
What is a prerelease version of a target framework?
Date:2023-03-13
A prerelease version of a target framework is an unfinished or beta version of a framework that is released before the final release version. It may contain bugs or design flaws and should not be used in a production environment. Prerelease versions can be used to test the framework's features and report any problems before the final version is released.
The cheapest food delivery app depends on the location, but one of the most popular options is DoorDash. This app offers delivery from local restaurants at low prices and no delivery fees on some orders.
No, armed conflict is not gender-specific. All genders are vulnerable to and are participants in armed conflicts. In some cases, women and girls play particularly critical roles such as combatants, providing supplies, or running black markets. In other cases, women and girls suffer disproportionately due to their particular vulnerabilities, and are more likely to be victims of sexual violence.Gender inequality in armed conflict can have a direct effect on the willingness of individuals to take part in armed conflict, both on the battlefield and behind the lines. Women, who are often the most vulnerable to violent conflict and are often less likely to volunteer to take part in fighting, can be a major target group in such conflicts. This can lead to an environment where women are not represented in decision-making and their security and protection is neglected. Gender stereotypes and gender-based discrimination also contribute to militarized forms of violence against women and girls, including rape and sexual exploitation, even as soldiers and fighters in the contexts of civil wars. Gender inequality can also lead to higher levels of violence and conflict in societies, as well as fewer opportunities for women and girls to participate in peacemaking and peace-building. All of these factors together result in the perpetuation of the inequality between the sexes, creating a cycle of violence and exclusion.Armed conflict often has a greater impact on women than on men. Women and girls often bear a disproportionate burden of the indirect effects of armed conflict, such as displacement, impoverishment, exclusive responsibility for child rearing and caring for the sick and wounded, insecurity, and sexual and gender-based violence. Women in conflict zones may also find themselves worse off when trying to access education, health care, and other services. Conflict also hinders women's political participation and denies them access to decision-making positions in their own communities, putting them at risk of exploitation, abuse, and further marginalization.
Yes, database licenses are usually tied to the product version. For example, if you purchase a license for a specific version of a database, the license will usually only give you access to that version and not be compatible with other versions.
Recommend
1. Go to the Eclipse menu, select "Run" then "Run Configurations" to open the "Run Configurations" window.
2. Select the "Java Application" option to create a new configuration and double click it.
3. Enter a name for the configuration in the "Name" text field.
4. On the tab "Main", make the necessary changes in the fields "Project", "Main class" and "Program arguments".
5. On the "Environment" tab fill in the necessary information (either name-value pairs or absolute paths) in the fields "Name" and "Value".
6. Click "Apply" and "Run" to see the results of your changes.
It's possible that Instagram is blocking your links because you're sending too many of them in a short period of time, or because the links contain inappropriate content or spam. Instagram also blocks links that direct people away from its platform, so if you're trying to use external links in your posts you may be running into a roadblock. Try spacing out your link posts and ensuring your links lead to appropriate content to help avoid any potential issues with Instagram.
Yes, most studio MIDI guitars are capable of playing multiple instruments, depending on the type of MIDI hardware and software you are using. Some MIDI guitars will allow you to program different instruments into the same MIDI sequence, while others may require you to use different software instruments for different instruments.
The exact amount that developers make from the Google Play Store depends on a variety of factors such as the country, type of app, and the number of downloads. Generally, the estimated revenue per user ranges from $0.10 to $3.30. | eng | 13683c19-45c8-4ded-b094-289f42b38a76 | https://www.computerworkstationdesk.com/question/XLxZObdczr.html |
Get Yourself Familiarized with Sewing Machine Stitches
For new stitchers, it is quite an amazing experience to know about all the different stitch types of a sewing machine.
If you have just started out, then you need to know about the two basic stitches and a buttonhole stitch. The number of stitches may differ according to the sewing brand and machine model.
As a beginner, it is normal to think that having 500 stitches is better than having 20. But it is totally okay only to have a few stitches because you won't be using many of them.
Now, let's get into the nitty-gritty of sewing machine stitches.
Straight Stitch
It is the most common stitch type. You can find it on any domestic sewing machine. A straight stitch is a basic utility stitch. It is usually labeled as number one on your machine.
Many machines tend to pull all their basic utility stitches first, and almost every machine is turned on to the straight stitch by default. You can use this stitch to use to sew a variety of fabrics. You can adjust the straight stitch length according to the needs and requirements.
2.5 is the common sitch length. It is ideal for many stitching projects. The most preferred stitch length is between 2.0mm and 3.0mm. You can practice with the different lengths to find out which length suits your machine.
4mm-5mm stitch length is good for basting and gathering as it makes it easy to pull out when basting a project and pull up into gathers. You can also adjust the needle position on some sewing machines. The straight stitch is available at the center or on the left. It is better to keep your needle in the center position when you are sewing with the straight stitch.
There is also a variation in the straight stitch known as Triple Straight Stitch. It is also a basic stitch and is similar to a straight stitch. It sews one stitch backward and two stitches forward to make a strong seam. This stitch is best when you are sewing with knits.
Zig Zag Stitch
This is another utility stitch. It is used t prevent fraying. You can use this stitch when you want to sew a buttonhole. This default setting for this stitch is usually a 3.5mm width and 1.5mm length. It is ideal for stitching fabrics like knits that have a lot of movement. You need to adjust the stitch length and stitch width to make any changes.
You can play with the measurements and figure out what stitch length and width works for you. Keep in mind that the zigzag stitch might tunnel when sewing on thin fabrics. It is better to use a stabilizer to prevent any damage.
Overcast Stitch
This stitch is similar to a regular zigzag stitch with a slight difference. The overcast stitch is designed to enclose the unfinished or raw seam on woven fabrics. Many machines come with a special overcast foot that making this stitch a good option for sewing.
You can use it as an alternative to a serger seam, and if done properly, you will have a seam without raveling. One thing to keep in mind is you will have to trim the excess seam as there is no cutting feature.
Button Whole Stitch
As the name suggests, the buttonhole stitch is used in making buttonholes. It is a variation of the blanket stitch. However, it is slightly different from the blanket stitch. It is a knotted blanket stitch.
To make a buttonhole stitch, you need to insert the needle from top to down. Whereas in a blanket stitch, you insert the needle from bottom to top. You can use the You can use this stitch in cutwork or applique. In cutwork, you need to cut out the shape. After that, use the blanket stitch against the edge.
buttonhole stitches for a variety of purposes.
In applique, you can use this stitch as an alternative to the blanket stitch.
Another area where you can use the buttonhole stitches is Hebedo embroidery. Hebedo embroidery is Danish peasant embroidery which is done using white thread on a white fabric used against the outlines. This technique uses the buttonhole stitches to make edges look elegant and beautiful.
You can combine the buttonhole stitches with many other stitches such as satin stitches, overcast bars, insertion stitches, and others to make the embroidery work more beautiful.
Conclusion
These are some of the most basic sewing machine stitches that you need to familiarize yourself with. You can almost do all the projects with these basic stitches, which means even if your machine only does straight stitch and zigzag stitch, you are good to go.
If you still have any questions about the topic, feel free to reach out to us on our website MigDigitizing. We will be happy to assist you. | eng | 997d134b-bce8-456a-87a9-f96c142c3468 | https://mydroll.com/get-yourself-familiarized-with-sewing-machine-stitches/ |
What are education and its role in our life?
Education helps to know the inevitable reality of life and makes you literate, skilled, and eligible to know your rights and responsibilities in a community. There can be many definitions of education but in the modern era, the meaning of education is totally changed. It is necessary for everyone that gives the chance of advancement and growth. "An investment in knowledge pays the best interest" if you invest in knowledge, it will be helpful till your last breath. Education provides knowledge, techniques, and information that help professionally as well as personally. There is a vital role of education in our life at every time and place.
If we talk about the Indian education system and its importance so it is necessary and free for all who are below 14 years old. It is the passport of the future which means education can't be stolen, it is a long-life process and helps to survive in the future.
The role of education in our life
We have learned the importance of education but when it comes to implementation in life it provides knowledge, skills, and information that helps to qualify for academic exams and skills to grab job opportunities. If don't have to depend on our daily life work like shopping, banking, traveling, etc. In the modern era, one of the best benefits of education is to make us creative and innovative. Being creative and innovative always gives an idea to do work easily such ideas can be out of the box. We live in a society and are known for our responsibilities and accountabilities towards a society. We will see some important aspects of education which are important for everyone.
Creative and Innovative
Education helps to be creative and innovative which is very important for growing and learning. "Develop a passion for learning. If you do, you will never cease yourself to grow" if you have a passion for learning you will always have a chance to grow. Changes are necessary for life and there is a big role of education in innovation and creation. Innovation of machines and technologies helps to do work professionally with remarkable accuracy.
In the modern era, we are finding new technologies of cybersecurity, women security where being creative is very important otherwise. Our thinking ability will be limited and we can't think out of the box. Education leads a vital role in our life.
Women empowerment
Women empowerment is very important for women now a day. Education provides information on women's rights and responsivities. There are many rights of women but those women who live in the rural area don't get a chance to know their rights. Because of less knowledge or awareness that's why they have to face domestic violence and physical harassment. Most of the women in India have to face many problems while online sectors or different languages. The Indian government has implemented so many rules and laws in favor of women empowerment till there is someplace like the rural era where women are not aware of their rights and laws.
Government should take one step more towards women empowerment. A well country is known for its women's participation in national activities.
Academic and Professional opportunities
Education gives information about the world and the thinking skills required for today's world. To qualify for an academic exam. We must know the curriculum of our education system which comes to us by our learning. An educated person easily quality his exam which open many doors of success.
In the 21st century everyone fighting from covid 19 virus that's why we are facing many problems. Job is one of the biggest problems of India today. There are few good jobs available and getting those who must be skilled or educated where education provides a vital role.
Communication and speaking ability
If you have the skill of learning so you can beat everyone who is more educated or knowledgeable but they don't have the ability to learn. One of the best aspects of education is the ability to communicate and speak. Your learning ability can help you improve it with the help of English blogs to learn English grammar step by step for free. Education provides information that boosts our confidence and motivation level while giving a public speech or leading in a community. Communication is required everywhere it can be a company where you work or in society. If you have communication skill so everyone like to talk to you which makes you unique in society. A good communicator can manipulate or make understand his point of view easily.
End of Poverty and alliteration
Those people who live in rural areas and poor so, they can remove poverty with the help of education. Violence, Exploitation, and other bad elements of society come due to a lack of education and knowledge. A person who is poor by birth doesn't matter but if he dies poor so it's mattered a lot. In India education is free for everyone so it doesn't matter whether you come from a poor family or a rich family they both have an equal chance of education. By getting a good education, a person can become an IAS officer or at any splendiferous designation and remove his poverty. Education is very important for everyone for growing and success. | eng | a53239f3-473b-45da-9d45-b950ca23f43b | https://thinkiwi.com/role-of-education/ |
Category: Climate Change | eng | 95cfbf6b-6f67-4948-9792-8b736498ccd1 | https://www.rebeccatalbot.co.uk/category/climate-change/ |
MATERIALS SUBJECTS WITHIN DESIGN
It is stated in learned reports that elements of design should
link all of the engineering courses that are taught at a degree
level. Engineering courses are, however, significantly
different from materials science courses, in terms of goals and
the nature of the students that they attract. Most of the research
on design has focussed on the engineering subject, sometimes with
derisory comments about materials science and in general about
the role of science in engineering. It is necessary therefore to
have a look at design from the point of view of materials science,
which is after all the more interdisciplinary than engineering or
the more common natural sciences. This could be a major advantage
as far as design is concerned; in particular, a well trained
materials scientist should be able to communicate effectively with
technologists and scientists alike.
There are some obvious aspects of materials
science in which an element of creative design may be useful. We
may often be called upon to design experiments either to rank new
materials or to develop them. The current trend in the
highly competitive aircraft industry is to reduce the time taken
from the point where a new engine or airframe is conceived to
its manufacture and certification. Well designed experiments
are therefore necessary to ensure that materials, which can
make or break particular manufacturers, do not form the rate
limiting stage. It is rare indeed to find an undergraduate
materials course in which the design of an experiment is the core
of a practical class; the normal way is for students to perform
tried and tested scripts.
And it is not difficult to distinguish
between a craftful experiment and one which is based on brute
force. For example, in cases where a tensile stress affects
transformation, most reported experiments have involved the
manufacture of a series of parallel gauge length tensile specimens,
which are then tested at different loads, so that the resulting
microstructure can be correlated against a number of discrete
values of applied stress. On the other hand, a single
tensile specimen with a slightly tapered gauge length could be
pulled to failure. Continuous information is thus obtained, from
a single test, of the influence of stress (yield to failure) on
microstructure. It is probable that materials scientists are more
involved in the design of experiments than their engineering
colleagues.
Materials scientists often play a key role in the making of new
manufacturing processes, usually as a part of a team. The
subject is already taught widely in a variety of guises -
for example, most materials undergraduates at some stage do
a comparative study of ingot and continuous casting. Case
studies like these are important, but on their own,
probably not sufficient to inspire thinking in all but the
best of students. For that it is necessary to present an
unsolved problem. For example, any realist would argue that there
are many outstanding and serious problems with the use of
aluminium in the mass production of car bodies. Price, of course,
is one of the major factors. Those in the know will tell you
that a more energy efficient process than electrolysis is
required in order to extract aluminium from the ore. Smelting is
a serious though unestablished alternative and it would be
educational and interesting to consider the design of such a
process, taking into account thermodynamic, economical and
capital cost factors. Such an exercise would also involve a
survey of existing literature.
The design of materials per se is probably already a major
component of current degree courses - alloy design (using
quantum mechanical to microstructural techniques), the molecular
design of polymers, the fabrication of ceramics, designer
glasses and composite manufacture are all familiar and
important buzz words. What appears to be lacking, is an ability
to analyse what could be done once a new material is invented. I
know of one example in the steel industry where successful
research has led to the manufacture of what could be a
revolutionary steel for rail applications. Whereas the academic
partner of this work was satisfied with the success, the
industrial partner had the vision to institute a series of
studies involving wear resistant materials in a number
of applications which have nothing to do with railways.
It is difficult to see how students could be involved in a good,
exciting exercise on the design of a novel structure or
component. In industry, projects like these are carried out by
large teams consisting of many disciplines. For example, to
design a novel geometry for steel beams of the type used in the
construction of multistorey buildings, requires wide
ranging expertise. Structural engineers are able to
analyse for stability to buckling under a variety of
complex loads, and to advise on safety factors. The knowledge of
fire engineers is necessary in order to ensure, as the
standards require, that the building does not collapse within a
specified period of time, due to a loss of
strength in the steel as it is heated by the fire. Rolling
technologists have to make the actual sections from standard
ingot shapes - they may insist that their machines cannot cope
with highly assymetrical shapes without large scale capital
investment. Finite element modellers may predict whether it is
possible even in principle to roll certain shapes while at the
same time ensuring uniform properties. Metallurgists are required
both to test any new sections and to develop steels designed to
transform to uniform microstructures on cooling, in spite of
non-uniform deformations encountered during rolling. Accountants
are essential to cost the research, to trek the costs during the
project, and to indicate the level of beneficial change that is
necessary before it becomes viable to invest in a new
manufacturing process. Market research plays a key role in such a
venture. Most degree courses do not have the resources,
especially in terms of time, to support such an approach. The
practical suggested earlier is in this sense a feeble attempt.
Role play on the scale of an entire class may be an approach
worth trying.
Many undergraduate courses involve the study of artifacts in the
form of a manufactured article. The students are required to
disassemble a component, examine the materials using a variety of
techniques, and then make some recommendations on how the
component might be manufactured better. The difficulty with such
exercises is that the subject of materials science is now so
broad, that there is a distinct lack of depth in what is taught.
Students are therefore not sufficiently capable of systematically
investigating the complex industrial materials present in
commercial components. Because such components are usually well
manufactured and designed (otherwise they probably would not be
available) there is little, within the scope of their knowledge,
that students can do to suggest realistic improvements. Artifact
based projects have therefore become less interesting to students.
Some ways in which creative design is, or may be
incorporated in the materials science degree
curriculum are presented in Table~1. I believe that both
conventional and unconventional approaches can be pepped up
using the rules described earlier. It should be obvious that the
task is not simple, and that time and other resources would have
to be diverted from other aspects of teaching and learning.
But the subject is certainly useful, challenging and worthy of
further discussion.
TEACHING DESIGN: A FEW GROUND RULES
The features which make the teaching of design distinctive can
be summarised as follows:
The act of bringing ideas into being is exciting; a task
must therefore be set which is genuinely perceived to be new. This
also means that the task must be different for each year that the
course runs.
There should be no unique answers to the design problem. It
otherwise reduces the problem to the more barren scientific design.
The task should be stated with brevity. The aim is not to
lead the students but to allow the ideas to originate freely.
There must be a considerable element of education hidden
in the form of fun.
Issues of safety may require some supervision. There is
an educational element in this. The student may be
required to carry out COSHH (Control of substances
hazardous to health) assessments of any chemicals used. Such
assessments are not a part of the normal undergraduate curriculum.
These rules and the general concepts propounded by Woody
Flowers are now illustrated with two specific cases for Materials
Science. The first is a practical class which is attempted by
students in teams of three or four. The second is an "examples
class" in which students can work in small groups or as
individuals. These cases are stated in a form suitable for
presentation to students.
The practical class in particular encourages team effort. The
group have to produce a single report, with each member of the
team getting the same mark after assessment. It also mirrors the
sort of situation which might arise in industry, where a market
manager sets a task and a deadline without giving expert
guidance. As in industry, there is limited access to a
consultant. Efficiency and cost are also featured. | eng | 1291c7f3-49ae-4fb7-952d-8002b3348d95 | https://www.phase-trans.msm.cam.ac.uk/designa.html |
Source: Gather | eng | 9497da50-4d34-42f2-8972-5b4a5a2a076c | https://agorajournalism.center/source/gather/ |
Eating some cheese before bed could be the 'whey' to shed a few pounds
Eating cottage cheese before bed can help shed the pounds and improve wellbeing, according to research.
Scientists believe the low-calorie snack boosts metabolism, muscle and overall health - even while you are asleep.
Today's top videos
STORY CONTINUES BELOW
Many believe a late-night snack increases the risk of obesity, but that isn't the case with protein-rich foods such as cottage cheese, said nutritionist Professor Michael Ormsbee of Florida State University.
There is an easier way to sleep and keep slimming a study has found. Pic: Shutterstock
His team found that having two tablespoons of the snack before turning in was good for wellbeing.
The study, published in the British Journal Of Nutrition, is one of the first to test whole foods instead of supplements.
Ten active young women were given 25 grammes of cottage cheese before bed. In the morning, their resting energy expenditure levels were the same as if they had been given a health shake.
Cottage cheese is abundant in a protein called casein, which releases slowly into the body. This ensures a steady supply of amino acids through the night, which helps to build muscle and regulate immune function.
Dr Ormsbee said the study suggests that 'whole foods work just as well as protein supplementation, and gives people options for pre-sleep nutrition beyond powders and shaker bottles'. | eng | 66f2001d-78e5-478b-b8ac-7d6d0a19fbe1 | https://extra.ie/2018/10/30/news/cheese-before-bed-whey-shed-pounds |
Blog
GIFs are one of the universal languages of the internet. They're useful for reacting to something and saying what words can't. Sites like Giphy provide millions of GIFs for your enjoyment, but sometimes you still need to create your own. And since YouTube is full of videos ripe for the GIF-ing, it's a natural fit for creating new ones. You can make a GIF of any YouTube video using a URL trick, but did you know that YouTube has a faster built-in way for quick GIF creation? This method will only work on videos where the creator has allowed GIF | eng | deec2f92-9168-46d7-bd74-d86bc1b2cba8 | https://online-business-promotie.info/this-lesser-known-youtube-trick-turns-videos-into-gifs/ |
author = "Alfonso Fasano and Lucia Ricciardi and Bentivoglio, {Anna Rita} and C Canavese and G Zorzi and I Petrovic and N Kresojevic and Vs Kosti{\'c} and M Svetel and N Kovacs and I Balas and A Roubertie and D Mishra and P Mariotti and T Temudo and Nardo Nardocci", | eng | 10df336f-99ef-4d8f-813e-04ff12cecf1e | https://publires.unicatt.it/it/publications/status-dystonicus-predictors-of-outcome-and-progression-patterns--7 |
Dos and don'ts of working out during your pregnancy
Moms-to-be: stay fit and healthy with a workout routine that keeps you and your baby safe during pregnancy
By AFP RELAXNEWS -
26 Sep 2012
Share this article
Working out while pregnant is a great way for moms-to-be to prepare for labor and childbirth while also staying fit. But exercising during pregnancy may take a bit of extra caution. Here's what you need to know.
This weekend fitness blogger Fit Bottomed Girls offered up some dos and don'ts when it comes to pregnancy workouts.
Do drink plenty of fluids. "Staying adequately hydrated during pregnancy is hard enough," Kellee Bryan, community manager at EveryMove, told Fit Bottomed Girls. "Add exercise to the equation, and it's even harder."
Do avoid overheating. "The first trimester is when the baby's major organs begin to form, and if your core temperature gets too high, it could potentially cause problems," writes the blog.
Don't exercise to the point of exhaustion. If you can talk while exercising, that is a good sign that you're on target. If you're winded and can't carry on a conversation, pull back the intensity.
Don't lie flat on your back. Avoid exercises that require you to lie on your back, such as crunches, during the second and third trimester.
Don't begin running if you weren't a regular runner before your pregnancy. However, it is okay to run if you've already made a habit of it, notes both Fit Bottomed Girls and a slew of health experts. Talk to your doctor beforehand about your options.
BabyCenter, which offers comprehensive information on its website on exercising during pregnancy, also advises you to talk to your doctor about your exercise program during pregnancy to find out which activities don't put you and your baby at risk. | eng | 32908aa0-51b4-4a4d-8d53-03046f1d7b95 | https://www.herworld.com/life/dos-and-donts-working-out-during-your-pregnancy/ |
Tag: carbon dioxide
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California San Diego reported today that carbon dioxide — a key greenhouse gas fueling global warming — has reached levels not seen for millions of years. This has dire consequences for people who own real estate in coastal communities vulnerable to sea level rise flooding.
Measurements taken at Mauna Loa Atmospheric Baseline Observatory in Hawaii peaked at 421 parts per million in May. The last time the level was that high over 4 million years ago sea levels were 16 to 82 feet higher than they are today. The new reading is 1.8 parts per million over 2021. Before the Industrial Revolution got underway in the 1800s, carbon dioxide levels were around 280 parts per million, where they'd been for nearly 6,000 years of human civilization.
Carbon dioxide is a potent greenhouse gas that remains in the atmosphere for an extended period of time. The NOAA report not only stresses the need for humans to rapidly reduce the use of fossil fuels — coal, oil and natural gas — that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, it also sounds the alarm for people who own or are considering buying coastal real estate in areas that are now experiencing or at-risk of experiencing sea level rise flooding.
NOAA's latest report on sea level rise predicted an average of about 2 feet of sea level rise between now and the end of the century based on current greenhouse gas emissions. If they're not reduced, that figure rises to up to 7 feet of sea level rise. Some areas are forecast to experience greater or lesser amounts of sea level rise than others due to land elevation, land subsidence, ocean currents and other local conditions.
It's important to note here that when we talk about up to 7 feet of sea level rise by the end of the century, we're talking about a gradual but accelerating rise in ocean level. This will put more and more coastal real estate at risk of flooding in the years and decades to come before the end of the century.
"The science is irrefutable: humans are altering our climate in ways that our economy and our infrastructure must adapt to," said NOAA Administrator Risk Spinrad, Ph.D, in an article on the agency's website. "We can see the impacts of climate change around us every day. The relentless increase of carbon dioxide measured at Mauna Loa is a star reminder that we need to take urgent, serious steps to become a more Climate Ready Nation."
The bottom line is to deny or ignore climate change and continue to burn fossil fuels at the current or an even greater rate is to deny basic science. We all need to do what we can to reduce the consumption of coal, oil and natural gas to protect lives, property and, quite frankly, the future of humanityScientists at Rutgers University have released a study that proves humans burning fossil fuels are creating global warming, not, as some people contend, Earth's proximity to the sun.
In the past, slight changes in Earth's orbit drove global warming that resulted in glacial ice melt. In the modern era, the scientists found that a human-driven rise in carbon dioxide — a powerful greenhouse gas — is warming the planet. As a result, glaciers — especially in Antarctica and Greenland — are melting and the oceans are expanding. This is causing the sea levels to rise.
The scientists reached their conclusion by reconstructing the history of Earth's glacial and ice free periods. They found that sea level declined 20,000 years ago during the last glacial period then it began rising rapidly as the ice age ended. Sea level rise gradually slowed to the point where it was nearly at a standstill in 1900. The researchers said it then started rising again due to human activities, and it has been rising since.
Kennth G. Miller, the study's lead author and a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Rutgers, told Rutgers Today: "Our team showed that the Earth's history of glaciation was more complex than previously thought. Although carbon dioxide levels had an important influence on ice-free periods, minor variations in the Earth's orbit were the dominant factor in terms of ice volume and sea-level changes – until modern times."
The Rutgers research puts another nail in the coffin of climate change deniers who refuse to recognize that the planet is warming and the seas are rising due to human activity. When combined with the pile of scientific evidence that proves the seas are rising at an ever-accelerating rate, it's clear that governments and buyers, sellers and real estate agents in coastal areas need to stay up to date on this critical issue that is already threatening their way of life. | eng | eba40d55-828a-49ef-a25f-febba65b4112 | https://sealevelriserealestate.com/tag/carbon-dioxide/ |
Remember Pearl Harbor: The Sacrifice of Fr. Al Schmitt
Fr. Aloysius Schmitt (Lieutenant, Junior Grade), known affectionately as "Father Al," had just finished celebrating 7 a.m. Mass aboard the battleship USS Oklahoma (BB-37) at Pearl Harbor on Sunday morning, December 7, 1941, when Japanese aircraft began their attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet. A member of the U.S. Navy Chaplain Corps for only two years, the thirty-two-year-old priest had been assigned to minister to the spiritual needs of the sailors on the Oklahoma for less than year. Despite the short time on board, he had endeared himself to the men and was known for his approachability, sense of humor, and willingness to serve them.
Fr. Schmitt came from a hard-working German immigrant family that settled near Dubuque, Iowa, in the mid-nineteenth century. He was the tenth (and last) child of Henry and Mary Schmitt, and from the earliest age expressed a desire to become a priest. Young Al enjoyed school and athletics and spent his time working on the family farm. After high school, he enrolled at Columbia (now Loras) College in Dubuque, where he meditated on the school's motto, Pro Deo et Patria ("For God and country"), which would serve as a guiding principle throughout his life.
Upon graduation, Al Schmitt answered the call of God he had heard at a young age and embarked on the path to the priesthood. He was sent to study theology at the North American College in Rome and was ordained a priest on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception in 1935. Returning to the U.S., Fr. Schmitt served brief stints as parochial vicar at St. Boniface parish in New Vienna, Iowa—the cathedral parish in Cheyenne, Wyoming—and at St. Mary parish in Dubuque.
Although he enjoyed parish work, as the world moved closer to the devastation of the Second World War, Fr. Al recognized the need for priests to serve in the military. He requested permission from Archbishop Francis Beckman to join the U.S. Navy Chaplain Corps and received his commission in July 1939. His initial assignments were to the Bureau of Navigation at the Department of the Navy in Washington, D.C. and at the Marine Barracks in Quantico, Virginia. After attending the Naval Training School for Chaplains at the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia, Fr. Al was assigned to the aircraft carrier USS Yorktown (CV-5) in January 1940. A few months later, he was transferred to the USS Oklahoma.
The USS Oklahoma (the "Okie") was a Nevada-class battleship commissioned during World War I. An oil-burning (vice coal) ship, the Okie saw service in World War I protecting convoys from German U-boats through the Atlantic Ocean. The ship also participated in a rescue mission of U.S. citizens from Spain during that nation's bloody civil war in the mid-1930s. The Okie was assigned to the U.S. Pacific Fleet in 1937 and based at Pearl Harbor.
Fr. Al relished his time in Hawaii and took advantage of "downtime" to explore the beautiful island of Oahu. The officers and men of the Okie held Fr. Al in high esteem. His love for souls was palpable. He took advantage of all opportunities to witness his love of Christ and his Church. Fr. Al did not stay in his stateroom but roamed the ship looking for ways to assist others in even the most mundane tasks. Many men wrote letters home about the smiling chaplain who interceded on their behalf, conducted general services for the non-Catholic sailors, and offered Mass for the Catholic population. By all accounts Fr. Schmitt enjoyed his duties aboard the Oklahoma, and the men were grateful for his presence.
As the year 1941 entered its final month, international tensions increased, and some believed the United States would be soon engulfed in war. Europe was already suffering under the yoke of Nazi tyranny, and imperial Japan was viewed with great suspicion. Despite the general concerns, few believed the United States would be attacked without provocation on a sunny, peaceful Sunday morning. On December 7, 1941, the Oklahoma was moored on "Battleship Row" and outboard from the USS Maryland when Japanese fighters, dive-bombers, and torpedo planes swooped in for attack shortly before 8 a.m.
Fr. Al was getting ready for the day after celebrating Mass when the first alarm for general quarters sounded. Soon after the first Japanese bombs fell on Ford Island, the Okie was hit in rapid succession by three torpedoes and within ten minutes of the first strike had rolled almost upside down. As a result, a large portion of the crew found themselves trapped. Fr. Al and several sailors attempted to escape the sinking ship through a porthole. The priest helped his fellow sailors squeeze through the small porthole, but he was unable to make it through, despite the efforts of the freed sailors on top of the ship.
When another group of sailors made their way into the compartment, which was quickly filling with water, Fr. Al ordered the escaped sailors to push him back through the porthole so that he could help the others escape. The men protested, knowing the chaplain would not be able to get out in time, but he insisted. Back in the compartment, Fr. Al helped other sailors escape before the rushing waters overwhelmed him.[1] He was the first Catholic chaplain to die in the Second World War.
The Department of the Navy recognized his lifesaving actions when he was posthumously awarded the Navy and Marine Corps Medal.[2] Tributes to the memory of Fr. Schmitt were erected over the next several years in Iowa, Hawaii, and Rome.[3] The Navy commissioned the destroyer escort USS Schmitt (DE-676) in 1943 to honor his sacrifice. Fr. Schmitt died on the vigil of the sixth anniversary of his ordination to the priesthood.
Although his ministry was short-lived, the memory of Fr. Al and his sacrifice "for God and country" is not forgotten. As we remember today the seventy-forth anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor, let us recall the brave sacrifice of Fr. Al and all Catholic chaplains who have served our nation faithfully, and pray that many more priests may give of themselves as chaplains in our armed forces.
[1] Sources differ on the number of sailors assisted by Fr. Schmitt, but it is believed four to twelve men were saved by his efforts.
[2] In total, two Medals of Honor, one Navy Cross, and three Navy and Marine Corps Medals were awarded to the men of the Oklahoma for their actions on December 7, 1941 | eng | 16b72378-a06b-492a-9a71-296a7cb7268e | https://catholicexchange.com/remember-pearl-harbor-the-sacrifice-of-fr-al-schmitt/ |
Description:
This large seastar has 5
rays
which are thickest near the central
disk. Its aboral
surface is spiny (photo), with
the spines in networks,
clusters, or single. It has pedicellariae.
The spines are less than 2 mm long. The overall color is
pink.
May be up to 60 cm diameter.
How to Distinguish
from
Similar Species: Pisaster
ochraceous usually does not grow larger than 25 cm and may be
ochre,
brown, orange, or purple, plus its aboral spines are in a network. Evasterias
troschelii has rays which are thickest just beyond their
junction with
the central disk and may be many colors, but is unlikely to be pink.
Geographical
Range: Sitka,
Alaska to La
Jolla, CA
Depth Range: Very
low intertidal (rarely)
to 110 m. More common in bays than on the open coast.
Habitat: Sandy,
muddy, or occasionally rocky
bottoms or pilings
Biology/Natural
History:
Prey includes mainly
bivalves, including Clinocardium
cockles, butter clams, littleneck clams, and geoduck clams; but also
snails,
sand dollars, barnacles, and tubicolous polychaetes; may scavenge dead
fish and squid. The purple olive snail Olivella
biplicata shows a strong escape response to this
species (it buries
itself), as does the sand dollar Dendraster excentricus.
Known
to feed on small Dungeness crabs in California. May fight
with Pycnopodia
helianthoides over food if they both encounter
it. The tube
feet next to the mouth can be extended many centimeters (up to the
seastar's
redius) to pull up bivalves from the sediment. May also dig
in sediment
after prey, which may take several days. The stomach may be
everted
up to 8 cm to digest prey in the shell. Spawns in spring and
summer
in Washington. A small snail, Balcis rutila,
may be embedded
in the body wall. A smaller subspecies (P.
brevispinus subsp.
paucispinus)
lives in Tomales Bay in eelgrass, and has fewer spines.
This species is not very common right near
Rosario.
It seems to
be more common in the Guemes Channel, and is very common on the tire
reef
at Langley on Whidbey Island.
This subtidal seastar frequently has its papulae out, which makes the
rays appear smooth and gelatinous as seen here. The aboral
ossicles
form spines which are single, clustered, or in a network.
Photo by Dave Cowles, July 2005
There are no large marginal plates on the rays. A row of
small
spines can close over the ambulacral grooves.
Photo by Dave Cowles, July 2005
Authors and Editors of Page:
Dave Cowles (2005): Created original page | eng | b5235a21-a4c9-4ea2-ae17-4471711a5379 | https://inverts.wallawalla.edu/Echinodermata/Class%20Asteroidea/Pisaster_brevispinus.html |
Abstract
abstract = ".",
N2AB | eng | ab45351c-c8e4-4009-a70d-db4c84195ab1 | https://cris.tau.ac.il/en/publications/treatment-of-candida-nail-infection-with-terbinafine |
definition of risk tolerance
Risk tolerance definition Your risk tolerance is the ability and capacity to take an increase in the amount of money you invest. If you're trying to figure out the risk you are willing to take, you should ask yourself how comfortable you feel about holding your position even when the stock market is in the … | eng | e08c437e-86e0-4cf3-ba41-c4d0dee5fc94 | https://ppsingh.in/tag/definition-of-risk-tolerance/ |
Green Dot campaign is promising, yet flawed
First-year orientations and mandatory Greek life seminars for the past few years have featured a new addition: education on a program called "Green Dot," which emphasizes bystander prevention of power-based personal violence.
Green Dot organizes situations into a system of both "red dots" (which represent threats and inaction in high-risk situations) and "green dots" (which represent behaviors and attitudes that promote safety for all).
The program, which offers "bystander training" for interested participants twice per semester, is aimed at lessening the amount of violence—especially sexual violence—seen on campus.
That exact "bystander training," however, is only one of the problems with Green Dot.
For one, according to the Green Dot website, "the Green Dot etc. strategy is predicated on the belief that individual safety is a community responsibility and shifts the lens away from victims/perpetrators and onto bystanders."
That sounds nice in theory, but in practice, focusing on the responsibility of bystanders to prevent violent situations removes the power of the victims to protect themselves.
"Putting all of the responsibility on the bystander basically eliminates the possibilities of things a potential victim can do to reduce their chances of becoming a victim," freshman Eileen Sheats said.
While it is true that bystanders can play a role or offer a helping hand, placing all of the concern—and thus liability—on bystanders leads to the belief that victims are powerless in preventing violence.
The task of preventing violence should fall equally on bystanders, who may notice something a victim does not, and on the target, who should be on the lookout for their own safety at all times.
That is not to say, of course, that violence is ever the fault of victims; rather, that victims should be empowered to protect themselves, and take control of their own safety, instead of leaving themselves passively at the mercy of others.
"I think [Green Dot] degrades the power women have to control what happens to them over the course of the evening or of the night. By making this whole argument about what third parties need to do with regards to intervening, you undermine women's capacity to do something for themselves and you victimize them," freshman Ethan Laser said.
"While it is of paramount importance that third parties stay vigilant and intervene when necessary, by saying it's someone else's responsibility you're implying that women don't have the power to do it themselves."
"Giving the victims more autonomy is incredibly important—they shouldn't have to rely on a bystander," freshman Kyle Chong said.
"[Green Dot] should be a lot more about education for everyone involved; it shouldn't just be stopping the problem, it should be preventing the problem."
Secondly, trivializing the complex and multi-faceted issue of personal violence into two categories of "green" and "red" dots is almost demeaning to the victims of such violence. What counts and does not count as a green or red dot?
The fact is that this issue does not lend itself well to oversimplification; human interactions are far more complicated than a simple green-and-red chart of what is and what is not okay.
In addition, such categorizing and classifying makes it much easier to ignore the real nature of the problem at hand; referring to plain violence by another name is tantamount to masking it completely.
You may have heard someone joking to their friends, "Red dot!" when someone accidentally leans in too close. This is the equivalent of saying to someone, "Sexual violence, ha ha!"—but who would ever say that, when the words themselves are so blunt?
The fact that the program disguises the horrible reality of violence under two neat pseudonyms is completely counterproductive to its aim of bringing that violence out in the open.
Despite its issues, there is nothing wrong with the objective of the Green Dot program.
"I don't disagree with the goals of the program," Chong said.
"I disagree with its methodology."
The University certainly needs a program in place that openly and honestly discusses the huge issue of power-based personal violence, especially given that this is a college campus and such issues need to be addressed.
"The message [of Green Dot] needs to be one of empowerment, where women absolutely have the authority to control the course of the night," Laser said.
"They can tell someone, 'I'm uncomfortable', or just leave, you don't need anyone else's permission to leave the situation."
The University needs to instate a program with the goals of Green Dot, but one that addresses the issue in a much more proactive manner—one that asks everyone, not just bystanders, to take control of ending violence in the community. Only through everyone's effort can we hope to make a positive change in a culture of violence. | eng | 12ede3db-56a0-44f7-8f6a-a399fcb06256 | https://trail.pugetsound.edu/?p=9672 |
Czasopismo
Tytuł artykułu
Cluster continuous time random walks a continuous time random walk (CTRW), a random waiting time precedes each random jump. The CTRW model is useful in physics, to model diffusing particles. Its scaling limit is a time-changed process, whose densities solve an anomalous diffusion equation. This paper develops limit theory and governing equations for cluster CTRW, in which a random number of jumps cluster together into a single jump. The clustering introduces a dependence between the waiting times and jumps that significantly affects the asymptotic limit. Vector jumps are considered, along with oracle CTRW, where the process anticipates the next jump. | eng | c4f4d5b3-8232-4e32-864d-52756e0243f6 | http://pldml.icm.edu.pl/pldml/element/bwmeta1.element.bwnjournal-article-doi-10_4064-sm205-1-2 |
TaoRen _ figurine skills
by:Ennas 2021-08-30
Core tip:, beard, clay ball came out nose, line is concise, with a typical early small sculpture style, is a research summary the original small sculpture art and rare materials. | eng | 22d4ac02-522b-4105-8214-c2a8bfdaea90 | https://www.ennasgifts.com/taoren-figurine-skills-1 |
Does your prefab have an audio source attached with 'Play On Awake' set to true? If so that would cause it to play whatever sound was selected as soon as the object was instantiated.
Also, loading a level (which unloads anything you havent marked as 'dont unload') immediately after telling the sound to play seems a little dodgy to me. I can't say for certain it would cause problems, but if your sound is failing to play it might be worth seeing what happens if you remove that line of code. | eng | 115165c6-d746-43ea-bccf-b923a3bf7a82 | https://discussions.unity.com/t/sound-plays-when-instantiated-and-not-on-trigger/98227 |
on the Throne – by PlanetShakers
God is on the Throne able to do it I know You can 'Cause God You are faithful To move again This mountain it seems big But I know You're with me So Jesus I'm grateful Until the very end
[Chorus]
I can hear Your voice Singing over me I'm free indeed I can feel Your power Washing over me And I'm free indeed
[Verse 2] You are my Saviour So I won't fear 'Cause I know You got this Your power's here You are my breakthrough You're making all things new So I praise You forever To You I sing | eng | 313fa730-8116-4bd0-a064-8554f8e8fee2 | https://muslyrics.com/lyrics/god-is-on-the-throne/ |
GameCritics.com Podcast Episode 37 Transcript
We try our best to keep things positive, but Tim screws it up in the home stretch. The topic is "New RPG's We (Mostly) Love" and that means Dragon Quest IX, Etrian Odyssey III, Puzzle Quest 2, and DeathSpank. Guess which one we don't love! Plus we premiere a new segment: "Quote of the Week." With Chi Kong Lui, Brad Gallaway, Mike Bracken, and Tim "Spahnk" Spaeth.
[Music]
Tim Spaeth: How did you spend your summer vacation? We spent ours with role-playing games, because we're cool and awesome. On this week's show, we have Dragon Quest IX,Puzzle Quest II, Ron Gilbert's DeathSpank and a pre-release look at Etrian Odyssey III. All that, plus our quote of the week. It's July 22, 2010. My name is Tim Spaeth, and this is the GameCritics.com podcast.
[Music]
For the 37th time, it's the world's most beloved podcast as voted on by our families: the GameCritics.com podcast. This week we're talking about some of the hottest, sexiest RPGs on store shelves right now. Let's meet the crew who will be talking about them. Chi Kong Lui, he's the GameCritics owner and founder. What's up, Chi?
Chi Kong Lui: Hey, Tim. How's it going?
Tim Spaeth: Great to be back with you. It's been…three weeks? Three weeks.
Tim Spaeth: Yeah. We're going to tell you everything you need to know about all of those games. That's how we've been spending our hiatus, and we'll do that in just a moment. But first, as always, it's our quote of the week.
[Sound of cat meowing loudly]
Mike Bracken: As always.
Tim Spaeth: As always.
Brad Gallaway: As of this week, as always.
Tim Spaeth: As of this week. We've never done it before. Nevertheless, it is, starting now, as always. Now, here's how it works. Here's what this is. I am going to read a gaming-related quote. It might be from a developer; it might be from a critic; a millionaire executive; a lowly forum-poster. It's going to be something timely, something relevant, and each of us will give a rapid-fire opinion on the quote. Think of it as a warm-up, as an ice-breaker to the show to loosen us up.
Now the quote, of course, is chosen by my producer Felipe, who is bringing over a sealed envelope as we speak. Thank you, sir. I have not seen the contents of the envelope; I have no idea what is in it. [sound of envelope opening] I am opening it now.
Mike Bracken: Man, this is good radio.
Tim Spaeth: Yeah.
Chi Kong Lui: Good sound-effects going on.
Tim Spaeth: Practical. Practical, as always.
Mike Bracken: The foley work deserves an Oscar, or whatever they give radio shows.
Tim Spaeth: Here we go. Oh, my. Now, Felipe handwrote this, so forgive me if I can't read it at all, or if it's in another language. Here we are. This week's quote comes from Microsoft general manager Dave McCarthy. How many of you are familiar with Dave McCarthy?
Mike Bracken: Do not know him.
Tim Spaeth: No?
Chi Kong Lui: Nope.
Tim Spaeth: Chi?
Chi Kong Lui: Does not ring a bell.
Tim Spaeth: Brad?
Brad Gallaway: I might've had a beer with him once, although that might be a completely different Dave. It's kind of hazy.
Tim Spaeth: All right. I don't know him, either, so this should be particularly juicy for us. Here is the quotation. He says:
"When we started on this journey, we knew we were creating an entirely new genre of entertainment that would be a continually evolving concept. We're very proud of the 1 vs. 100 team and their accomplishments, and are excited to apply what we've learned to future programming."
Now, I believe this is in reference to the cancellation of the 1 vs. 100 game that was announced a few days ago on the Xbox Live Arcade. If I'm not mistaken, none of you played 1 vs. 100. Is that correct?
Mike Bracken: Correct.
Brad Gallaway: That is correct.
Chi Kong Lui: Yes.
Tim Spaeth: All right. I did, and I enjoyed it very much. So let me ask you this: Does this announcement surprise you? And: Do you think there is a future for appointment gaming, online game shows, or playing games with 100,000 people at once? I would like your opinion on the matter on any of those items. And also, could you tell me why you never tried the game? I'm going to start with Mike Bracken.
Mike Bracken: Oh, I knew it. Uh…
[Laughter]
I'll tell you why I never tried the game. It was because I didn't have an Xbox for a long time. I honestly, being someone who was on a game show for two years, it sounded really cool to me because I'm a big trivia dork. So that was my excuse for never trying it. From what I understood, it actually was doing fairly well, so I was surprised they pulled the plug on it. I don't know if that's actually the case, or just what I had heard and was incorrect. But I'm sort of surprised about it. I don't know, though, that there's going to be a future where we're going to see a lot of things like that, where you get people together at a certain time to do this kind of huge gaming thing. But I think there's room for maybe one or two of them out there. That's just my quick take on it.
Tim Spaeth: Um-hm. Um-hm. Yeah, I had forgotten that you were an actual participant on a television game show.
Mike Bracken: Yeah.
Tim Spaeth: I just subconsciously remembered that. That's why I went to you first.
Mike Bracken: They don't call me the Horror Geek for nothing. That was the official title.
[Laughter]
Tim Spaeth: There you go. And the kids can see that on the YouTube, right?
Mike Bracken: Yeah. There actually is a YouTube. One of the clips of me losing is actually up on YouTube.
Tim Spaeth: So, Chi. 1 vs 100, why did you never play? And do you think there's a future for this type of game?
Chi Kong Lui: I didn't play it because I game at really odd hours. The idea of scheduling just to play with a bunch of people would never work for my schedule, to begin with. I was surprised to hear about it, because everyone that I'd heard from—mainly you and some other people—just seemed to think it was a pretty good idea. It seemed to be successful just from a cursory view, so I was surprised to hear that it's gone.
Tim Spaeth: Brad, what about you? Other than just in general not liking things that are fun?
[Laughter]
Brad Gallaway: I hate fun of all kinds. That was my first reason for not playing it. But actually, it's kind of a twofold reason. I think the first reason is what Chi said: my schedule is really erratic. My day-to-day life does not run from 9 to 5. I'm gone at all hours of the night and day, so I can never schedule anything that would be game-related. Games, to me, are fun and important but they're not of top priority. The idea of actually setting aside time to be online at a specific time, in addition to having a wife, a child, a day job and a night job sometimes, that just did not work for me whatsoever.
The second part to why I never played it was, honestly, I don't think that Microsoft did a very good job of explaining it or making it well-known or hyping it. I heard about it when it first came out, and I'm like: "Oh, okay—some kind of game show." But then after that, I never really heard a good explanation of how you got into it, where online you were supposed to go, how it worked. It was like: 1 vs. 100! 1 vs 100!" And it was like all the indie people, all the editors and the writers and the journos knew about it, but I've never talked to anybody who was a normal person—like a Joe Gamer off the street—who knew about it or had played it. Honestly, me, I just didn't investigate on my own, and I feel like Microsoft didn't do a good job of getting the information in my hands. So I wasn't really motivated to go track it down, so I just let it go.
And as far as whether those games have a future, I think that they do. I think most of the editor and review people that I speak to, they all seemed to have spoken about it very highly and they liked it. Obviously, I think there's a market for it. I don't think it'll ever be a main attraction to a console, but it seems to me like a good number of people really looked forward to it and had a good time. I think if Microsoft or whoever offers good enough prizes or makes some kind of good incentive for people to show up, I think that they will. So it may not have been a good fit for me, but from everybody I talked to, it was a good thing. I'm actually surprised it's gone, too.
Tim Spaeth: Yeah. I was very surprised. I think you hit the nail on the head, Brad, and that is once you got into the game, there were lots of incentives to play. They were giving away XBLA games, there were Achievements to be earned. It was just a fun game. It was a great trivia game, and one that actually played very well in groups. It was one of the rare situations that I partied up with people and we answered trivia questions together.
But you're absolutely right in that, has happens so often with Microsoft things, they didn't promote it properly. They didn't market it. You never knew when it was on. Even if you logged on to Xbox Live while the game was happening, you had to get lucky and just happen to go to the part of the Dashboard where it was being advertised to know that it was happening. I think if Microsoft wanted it to be a massive success, it could have been. But they needed to market it. That's how business works; that's how you sell products, and Microsoft failed there.
I would love to see more game shows. I grew up on game shows. I would love a Price is Right, a Family Feud. Let me play it all the time, though. Don't just schedule it during those tiny hours. I think that was the problem with a trivia game: You can't run the trivia game all the time, because you'd run out of questions. My guess is they just didn't have somebody to create enough variety of content and enough new questions for it. So hopefully they will come back and revisit that. My guess is it was just bleeding money and they just decided not to put anything else into it. I will miss it, but I look forward to the future.
Chi Kong Lui: Did they officially say that it just wasn't financially successful?
Tim Spaeth: They did not give a reason.
Mike Bracken: No.
Tim Spaeth: They did not give a reason. It was literally that quote that I read, and that was it. That was it.
Mike Bracken: I'm all aboard for an online Press Your Luck.
Tim Spaeth: Yes! Yes!
Mike Bracken: That's a good idea. I'm all in on that one.
Tim Spaeth: Let's pour one out for the late Peter Tomarkin.
Mike Bracken: Yes.
Tim Spaeth: I named my car after Peter Tomarkin.
[Laughter]
Brad Gallaway: Was it Peter or Tomarkin? Or both?
Tim Spaeth: It was the Winkman Class Light Cruiser Tomarkin.
[Laughter]
Mike Bracken: [laughing] The Winkman!
Brad Gallaway: Well, while we're talking about game shows and stuff, I think that there's lots of potential for online game shows—especially now that we've got activity being such a big part. I would love to be part of a show where you have contestants and maybe Microsoft or whoever can put up little brief clips of gameplay. You play 30 seconds of Gears to see who can rack up the best score, and then you switch to something else. Kind of like the Omegathon that they host at PAX, where they have ten or 12 games that are all different genres. It's to see who can do the best [at] all of them. I think it's a really interesting idea. I could probably think of a dozen other game show ideas that could be applicable to games, so I certainly think there's a market for it. It's too bad that Microsoft dropped the ball on this one.
Tim Spaeth: Like the old Starcade game show.
Brad Gallaway: Yeah, yeah, exactly. Man. That's way back in the days. I'm sure most people listening to this podcast—all four of them—have never seen that show, ever.
[Laughter]
Mike Bracken: Yeah, I think we gained two new listeners after the last show.
Brad Gallaway: Are we up to six now?
Mike Bracken: Yeah. We doubled our audience or something.
Brad Gallaway: Oh, my God. Nice.
Mike Bracken: Yup.
Tim Spaeth: No. I think we had six and went down to four, if memory serves.
[Laughter]
Brad Gallaway: That's probably more likely.
Tim Spaeth:. Yeah. The endless hate caused two people to drop, but that's okay. Well, let's end the Quote of the Week segment. I think that worked pretty well: I look forward to doing that on future shows. But now let's move on to our main event: RPG bonanza! All of us, during the time we were away, independently decided to play an RPG, or in some cases, more than one RPG. I thought we would talk a little bit about each RPG and maybe come to some kind of consensus about what makes them great or not great.
Let's start with you, Chi, because you had been playing Dragon Quest IX: Sentinels of the Starry Skies. If you would, every time you reference the game, please use the complete title: Dragon Quest IX: Sentinels of the Starry Skies.
Chi Kong Lui: [Laughter] Oh, no! I was already going to start nominating that [as] the worst subtitle of any game ever. I can never remember what the combination of those words are.
Mike Bracken: It doesn't beat Peter Jackson's King Kong: The Official Game of the Movie. I think that's still the worst.
[Laughter]
Tim Spaeth: So, Chi, what is your history with Dragon Quest? How many of these things have you played? Clearly, you enjoy the franchise, because you picked up the latest one. What's your history with Dragon Quest?
Chi Kong Lui: I played the original on the NES when it first came out, and just bought into the whole JRPG thing right from the start. I think I was just at the time wanting a little more of a sophisticated game, and that was just right up the alley. I think I was probably late junior high, maybe early high school. So that really just hit me right at the right time.
I didn't really get into the later parts until later on, when they put them out on the Game Boy. I think I played I,II,III, played V on emulation. I actually haven't played the modern ones. So that's my background.
Tim Spaeth: So what compelled you to pick up episode IX?
Chi Kong Lui: It was just good timing. I was looking for something to get into, and [I am] a big fan of Dragon Quest. Sorry that wasn't a good answer. There's really—
[Laughter]
Tim Spaeth: No, no, no. Sometimes that's okay. Sometimes that's why we pick up a game: we just felt like picking it up. When I think of Dragon Quest, I feel like I'm drowning; I feel like I'm suffocating in just this old franchise that hasn't evolved. So as you've played Dragon Quest—and I'm not sure how many hours you've put into it at this point—is it the same old thing? Or is it fresh and new? Or is it some combination of the two?
Chi Kong Lui: That's the interesting thing about Dragon Quest. On paper, when you read out the details of the game, they sound like every other JRPG out there. This one's no different. This one's got maybe a slightly more original take on it—only slightly—in that you play an angel and there's an angel world. I don't remember all the details of what they call the angels and all that other stuff, what the worlds are called. And that's the funny thing about these games: once you get into it, the game mechanics just sort of take over. I just start playing these games because I love the game mechanics, not so much because I'm paying attention to all the little details.
But the weird thing about Dragon Quest is once you start playing it, you just can't stop. I know that we're going to take a lot of heat for this, because we've been beating down on Zelda for so many episodes already, and yet here's Dragon Quest. It's the same thing. On the surface, at least, it would seem to hit some of the same beats. There's the same formula, you go to towns. The only thing different this time is that there's a slightly sort of Quantum Leap-ish type storyline, where you help dead people on their way to Heaven and you get little manna from that. So that's a little bit different, but it hits a lot of the same beats. There's the old copper sword; the old pot lid and shield and all that other stuff. But, yet, for some reason, it doesn't feel boring. It doesn't feel tired, for some reason.
Tim Spaeth: So let's touch on the Zelda comparison. Why do we rip on Zelda and give Dragon Quest a pass? Or are we giving it a pass? What's the difference?
Chi Kong Lui: Well, I think one of the differences right off the bat is Dragon Quest is an RPG. So while some of the details are the same, it's not as predictable. The problem with Zelda is it's just flat-out predictable. And you have to play it one way—the way the game designers set it out for you. So you have to go get the boomerang, get the bomb, and whatever. You can't really deviate in any different order. One thing about Dragon Quest is, even though it hits a lot of the same beats, you can do things in your own way. You don't have to get the copper sword; you don't have to necessarily pick this class.
You can totally customize your party. You get your own character and then three other party members. I was kind of surprised, actually, that you go to town and you just recruit three other characters that you create yourself. It's not like they're other characters that exist in the [world], and other NPCs that are roaming around and you recruit them. You literally just create them from scratch. So right off the bat, there's a different level of investment, just by having that.
Tim Spaeth: Mike, you've played a lot of Dragon Quest.
Mike Bracken: Yeah. A lot. [Laughter]
Tim Spaeth: Why do you keep coming back to it, and why are you okay with Dragon Quest being the same, but not [Zelda?]
Chi Kong Lui: Do you agree with my assessment as well?
Mike Bracken: Yeah. I think a lot of things you hit on are very true. The reason I keep coming back to it, I think, is for the same reason I keep coming back to Final Fantasy. For me, they're like the RPG that started my love affair with RPGs. Those two series back on the NES were my introduction to RPGs, because I wasn't a computer gamer or anything like that.
I think part of the reason I'm willing to give Dragon Quest more slack than Zelda is that the things that Dragon Quest repeats are things that are indicative of everything that RPGs repeat. Every RPG follows the town-dungeon-town progression and the same names of weapons, because there's only so many friggin' names you can name swords. Every game's going to have a Bastard Sword or something like that. So I don't mind that so much, but at the same time, I've been a really vocal critic of JRPGs not evolving in any way, and Dragon Quest is certainly not immune from that criticism.
I think my problem, though, with Zelda is that the way it doesn't do anything new is that it literally almost seems to follow the exact same template from game to game. You always go to the dungeon where the boomerang is important. You do these things in a step, and they're always the same steps. Even though the RPGs all have the same town-dungeon-town things and the little quests going on, Zelda is so rigid in the way it goes from game to game in the way you do things, that it just feels somehow more bothersome to me.
And that's not to say…Look, I don't hate Zelda. I have very fond memories, like everyone else my age, of playing the original Zelda on the NES and on the Super Nintendo and all these games, and Ocarina of Time. It's just that I think you're hard on the things you love, and I guess I expect Zelda after all these years…Since it's only one game, not based on anything like an entire genre of games that have expectations and Miyamoto's involved, you would sort of expect it to break out of this mold once in a while.
Dragon Quest is just fun to me because it's the prototypical JRPG. I never go into it expecting it to be anything different than what I've seen in the past. But if that's hypocritical, I guess you could call me on that, but I do think there are subtle differences. And I would also add that I think part of the reason that maybe it doesn't get as much flak in America for this is because only recently have we started to get all the games. We missed a bunch of Dragon Quest games in there for a while.
Chi Kong Lui: Good point.
Mike Bracken: So now you're starting to see people pick up that these games are all basically the same. For a long time, we went from I, II, III, then we didn't get IV, V. There were a couple in there we didn't get, and so now we're finally getting them and you see that. So it might change as time goes forward.
Chi Kong Lui: Let me counter that for one second. I've played most of them, and most JRPGs make me scream running away from them, because I just can't stand them.
[Laughter]
It's not purely nostalgia, and I'm not a fanboy or anything like that. Being a critic, you have to be somewhat objective. I'll play these Dragon Quest games, and they just always intrigue me. I think one thing that you hit on, and I don't share the same appreciation for Final Fantasy.Final Fantasy VIII basically turned me off from all Final Fantasys thereafter.
Mike Bracken: It did that for a lot of people.
Chi Kong Lui: So to me, those are far from equals, for starters. But I think you touched on something interesting there, because what you were saying about how Dragon Quest is almost charming in its way in that it doesn't try to change certain things. For example, the swords: they don't try to rename the swords. I think what really drives me up the wall about Final Fantasy is that they try to fake their way through those things. They do try to rename the same things that we know what they are into some fancy other name, and then expect you to think that's innovative. And that's why I can't stand Final Fantasy.
Mike Bracken: Yep.
Chi Kong Lui: And I think Dragon Quest is interesting in that they purposely keep a lot of the things the same. But to give the series a little more credit, they do have little changes here and there—little tiny bits of innovation here and there. But they leave some of the old classic stuff alone and tweak some of the other parts.
Mike Bracken: The other thing I would add to that is, I just think that when it comes to the teams that make the Dragon Quest games, they don't give a shit about changing it. I think they like what they do, and there's an audience for those games that way. You could say the exact same thing about the Zelda teams. Miyamoto, he's like: "This is the kind of game I want to make. This is what it is, and you either like it or you don't." Obviously, in that case, I just expect more from him. You see the way he's innovated in the Mario games and stuff going forward, you kind of wish you'd see that same thing happening with Zelda.
Honestly, though, I just think the Dragon Quest guys, they know that these RPGs have moved forward into all this other stuff. Even if you look at Dragon Quest VIII, it's a pretty game; it's really lovely. But it still plays the same as the original Dragon Quest games, except you don't have to click a menu to open a door anymore. I just think, honestly, that they found this niche where they just want to be the guys who make these traditional, old-school, JRPGs and for some reason, they still work for us. I don't know if that will always be the case, but right now, it does.
Brad Gallaway: Let me ask a question. Let me jump in here for a minute. I don't have a lot of experience with the Dragon Quest series. It's not one that's really captured my attention, so I don't have a lot of knowledge of it. But I'm wondering in reference to all this talk of changing or not changing, even though the mechanics of Dragon Quest, from what I can observe, seem to be basically the same (That sounds confirmed, from what you guys are saying): Is Dragon Quest the kind of game where the structure remains the same, but the story is really what drives people forward?
Because I've heard several people mention Dragon Quest stories as being pretty interesting or as the "real" reason to keep playing them. Do you guys notice that? Because for me, in comparison to something like Zelda, where Zelda's mechanics basically stay the same and the story basically stays the same, too. There's always tweaks an nudges here and there, but when you play a Zelda game, you're not really playing it for the story. You're playing it because you want to get the boomerang or because you like the way the dungeon structure works. But is that true in Dragon Quest? Would you guys say that the stories are what keep you coming back, or what is it? How do the stories play into it?
Chi Kong Lui: Let me answer this, Mike, because it ties back into what you were saying with the Dragon Quest team. The stories are really a stand-out part of it, but they're nothing particularly amazing, either. This is the really hard part to describe, because again, I keep going back to "charming" and these basic words, because they don't try to overtell any story. They stick to very classic archetypes.
Mike Bracken: Archetypes and structure.
Chi Kong Lui: But at the same time, they add just enough. We've talked about this in the past, about how there's certain rules that these guys should follow. I think, for the most part, the Dragon Quest team, they follow those rules and yet have enough of a unique twist. Going back to the team element for a second, I think it cannot be underestimated how big a deal that Yuji Horii and Akira Toriyama have stuck with the series for so long—I think even moreso than Miyamoto has with Zelda. It's like: "What does Miyamoto really do on these games anymore?" He's like an executive guy at this point. He's not really the main guy.
Yuji Horii is still the main guy making these guys, and Akira Toriyama is still designing these games. Here we have one of the most celebrated manga artists of all time…there's something to be said about that. When you have this kind of level of talent just stick with these series. It's sort of like what Mike is saying, but I give a little more credit to it in that, yeah, they sort of found their niche and stick with it. But at the same time, we're also talking about this very high level of creation here. You don't get that by starting from the ground up every single time. You have to stick with it to a certain degree, and I think that's what these guys have done, moreso than Zelda. Like I said, I'm not sure really how involved Miyamoto really is and how many times they've had to hand it off to a different guy and things like that.
Mike Bracken: I almost entirely agree with Chi. I'd just add: The one thing about Dragon Quest stories that appeals to me is that…My complaint with RPGs (JRPGs in particular), is not that they tell the same story over and over, which I have bitched about. But the real complaint there is that these newer games try to tell you the same story, but they try to convince you that it's somehow this new thing when it's really not.
Chi Kong Lui: Right.
Mike Bracken: The Dragon Quest guys will just give you this archetypal, basic story, and they'll add little flourishes and things here and there. But at the end of the day, they're okay with that. You can almost respect them for that, because they're not trying to convince you that this story's some big, profound thing. It's just a little story to get you through the game. I guess that's my problem with modern RPGs, is that they're so friggin' emotionally overwrought. Whereas Dragon Quest never gives you that melodrama feeling so much. There's stories and there are important things that happen into them, but they're still just simple stories and they don't try to convince you that they're fucking rewriting Homer or something like that.
[Laughter]
Chi Kong Lui: Sorry, just one final point. Even though it's simple, it's still not dumbed-down or anything like that. It still feels pretty great. Yeah, they're very basic, but at the same time, it still works.
Mike Bracken: Definitely engaging.
Chi Kong Lui: I just don't want to undersell it.
Mike Bracken: No. No, definitely not. There's definitely something to those stories, and they do work. But I think I appreciate them because they're just very honest in what they are.
Chi Kong Lui: True.
Mike Bracken: They're never to convince you that: "We're writing Shakespeare" or something like that. It's like: "This is a story about a kid who's going to join a band of other kids and save the world and that's it." They don't try to dress it up in any fancy way, or anything like that. So I can appreciate that level of honestly.
Tim Spaeth: All right. We do need to move on. I do have one more question for you, Chi. When this game was first announced, there was a bit of fear—outrage—that the series was moving to a handheld. Fear that the series would be regressing in quality. I assume those fears are not founded. Dragon Quest IX is okay on a handheld.
Chi Kong Lui: It looks great for a DS game. It looks great in general, if you ask me. Again, you have Akira Toriyama; you can't go wrong there, really—although none of you guys are Dragon Ball fans, so what are you going to do?
[Laugher]
To me, actually, it was perfect when I heard that. Because Dragon Quest has always been the people's champion. They've never tried to create these epic, sprawling universes and CG graphics like in Star Wars: Episode I with a million things falling around in the background. That's so not Dragon Quest. So to me, it was actually perfect when they moved it to the DS. That's a system that's just all about the gameplay, all about the solid stuff. [Aside] "Solid stuff"? What the hell's that mean?
[Laughter]
Tim Spaeth: It's all about the solid stuff. I think that's about—
Mike Bracken: —Feces.
Chi Kong Lui: It's not crap; it's not crap.
Tim Spaeth: All right. Well, Chi, thanks so much. Dragon Quest IX on store shelves now for the Nintendo DS. Also for the DS is Etrian Odyssey III: The Drowned City. Now, it's not out yet, but our own Brad Gallaway has a copy, using whatever Brad Gallaway skills you have to obtain early copies of things. This comes to us from Atlus, so Brad, bam! I assume that's a 9.5 or a 10.
[Laughter]
Brad Gallaway: It's up there; it's up there. I don't know—I haven't settled on a number yet, but it's actually really good.
Mike Bracken: We do love Atlus.
Chi Kong Lui: Brad has given Atlus games negative reviews before.
Brad Gallaway: I have; I have. I can't say that whenever an Atlus game comes in, that it's a love-fest. They have some really, really well-done things, and they have some that are maybe not so well-done. But in general, I think it's safe to say that I'm an Atlus fan. I like their style. They've got good people; they know what they're doing, nine times out of ten. You can't fault Atlus.
Mike Bracken: I love Atlus. I'm crazy about them.
Brad Gallaway: Well, you should. Well, you should. I would be surprised if you didn't.
Tim Spaeth: I suspect there are a lot of people listening to this show that show that do not know what—is it "Eetrian" or "Ehtrian?"
Brad Gallaway: I say "Eetrian," but I don't know that there's an official pronunciation. I guess it could go either way.
Tim Spaeth: I think this is probably the least-known franchise that we're talking about on the show. Can you give us a little background on what "Eetrian"-slash-"Ehtrian" Odyssey is all about?
Brad Gallaway: Yeah, absolutely. It's a really old-school redux title. Basically what it is, it's the third in the series, and all three of the games have been pretty fantastic. You start off by creating a party from a number of different classes, and there's no limit. You can pick five fighters, you can pick five mages, you can have a mix. One of the strengths of the game is that there's a lot of freedom for the player to mix and match. They put a lot of control in the player's hands.
But once you create your party, the whole point of the game is to get to the bottom of a giant labyrinth, and there's a number of floors. You just go through. It's like one long dungeon-crawl. Although that may sound like it's off-putting to some people, the genius thing about it is it's like a really new-school interpretation of old-school ideas. If anybody grew up playing really, really old pen-and-paper RPGs, or even some of those old NES games where there were these brutal dungeons and there was no such thing as a map at that time. You'd often find yourself tracking down a piece of graph paper or a legal pad and making a map for yourself, so that you could get through the next level.
Well, that same concept is in Etrian Odyssey, where the top screen is where the action happens, and the bottom screen is a map. To me, this is one of the best implementations of the DS hardware that I've ever seen. It's interesting. I do want to give props to Atlus, because I think out of all the developers and all the games I've played for the DS, I think Atlus capitalizes on the DS more effectively and more logically than anybody else—Nintendo included. So I do want to give props to them.
What you do is, on the bottom screen you have just this map screen and you draw. So every time you take a couple steps in this labyrinth with your characters, you look down at the bottom screen and you draw. You're like: "Okay, well, this was a safe area, so I'm going to mark this 'safe." And then you walk a few more steps and: "Oh, there's a locked door." So you mark this locked door on the bottom screen. It sounds really tedious and: "God! Why would I want to draw my own map? Aren't we past that these days?" But really, there's just something incredibly therapeutic and soothing and really warm and fuzzy about drawing your own map. It just recalls all these really positive feelings.
It's kind of nostalgic, but at the same time, putting that level of control in the player's hands, it gives you ownership of what you're doing. You really plot your own course, and you really feel responsible for finding your way through. The good thing is that if you die—and people often die in Etrian Odyssey, it's very difficult. But when you die, you get to save all your map data, so that the next time you come back, you already know what it was that killed you, trouble spots to avoid and that sort of thing.
So it's a really, really great game. I love it to pieces. I love the different characters. It's one of the high points for me. Customization is king in this game, and although it doesn't sport really fancy graphics (it' on the DS, of course), I do love all the different characters. That's one of the strengths the series has always had. Honestly, the third installment of Etrian Odyssey is, I think, the best. And a large reason for that is, I'm just amazed at how diverse the developers have been in crafting characters.
This time around, you have your standard damage-dealing classes; you've got your tanks and such. But there's also a couple classes that are way out of the blue and just really bizarre, and they work really well. One of my favorite classes right now is the Prince or the Princess (mine's a Princess). It's a teamwork kind of class, where they don't have a lot of attacking power, but they havew a lot of buffs for your team so you can increase your attacking power or defensive power.
But also, it has a class of spells which are healing spells. And rather than being an instant: "I cast a spell; my character is healed," they're contingent on these different qualifications. So if your Prince has full life at the end of a turn, then everybody else in the party gets a life boost. If your Prince survives at the end of the battle, then everybody in your party gets life up. If your Prince is alive as you're walking through the dungeon, every step grants you more life. It's a really portable fountain of rejuvenation for your party, and it's really effective and powerful, and it makes you guard that person more than you probably would with any other class. So it's an interesting spin, and it really makes you think strategically.
Another interesting class is the Farmer, which I think a lot of people who have been reading up on the game have been making fun of or thinking: "What good is a farmer? What does that do?" But the Farmer class is probably the most interesting class. It sucks in combat, but it has so many other really positive peripheral skills, that to start this game out, you really need one. For example, they can find rare items a lot more often, so it helps you get more money from the start. You can up one of their skills to increase everybody's earned experience. They increase the effectiveness of campgrounds when you're in the labyrinth, so when you heal yourself, you get a lot more of a boost from it.
It's really cool. It takes a different viewpoint on the use and implementation of party members, and it really makes the player think strategically about who's in the party and why they're there and what they're doing. So from that perspective, I think Etrian Odyssey is a really brilliantly intelligent game that is really difficult. It's very difficult for a turn-based game. But at the same time, if you think about it and really apply yourself, you're going to really go far. It's really rewarding when you do well, because it's such a difficult game. It's not one that you can just brute-level through and buff your characters up to level 99 and steamroll, because it doesn't work that way. The characters and the enemies are so tough that if you're not doing things smartly, you're just not going to progress. So it's difficult, but it's rewarding.
Tim Spaeth: Let me ask you this, Brad. Many of the things that you just said—the methodical nature of the gameplay, the difficulty, the descending down a single dungeon—reminded me of Shiren the Wanderer, which was a game that you turned me on to earlier this year, and that I enjoyed very much. Now, Etrian is clearly not a Roguelike, but there are similarities there. If somebody dug Shiren, would they also dig this?
Brad Gallaway: I think they very well might. They are pretty drastically different games in a lot of respects. Etrian is very much a traditional turn-based RPG dungeon-crawl, whereas Shiren is a Roguelike where a lot of the elements in the game are randomized. It's almost based on luck and how well you can use the things that you find as you go down the dungeon. They're different, but I think that the traits that are common are that the player is asked to really engage their brain to a much greater degree than the average RPG, I would say. I don't say that as an insult to RPGs or RPG players—
[Laughter]
—but in both those instances…No, I'm serious.
Chi Kong Lui: But you're also right. You could just attack your way through the whole game, basically.
Brad Gallaway: Right, right, right. And I'm basically always right, so that's fine, too. But what I want to say is, like you said, in some games you can just power-level. You sit there, fight the same imps or ogres or whatever for an hour, and you come out and you've got a million gold and 99 characters. It just doesn't work like that. You need to actually think. In Shiren you have to manage your items; you have to really think creatively. You make the best with what you've got, and there's a lot of luck in it, so it's a real fly-by-the-seat-of-your-pants kind of thing.
In Etrian, it's a very difficult game, although I will say that I think Etrian III—the one we're talking about now—is much easier than Etrian I or II. Even though they all have been really, really good games, they're really well-known for their brutal difficulty. That's very true. This is the kind of game where you take three steps out from the starting point in the very first dungeon as soon as you put your party together, and you're dead because the enemies just killed you. So it's very, very difficult, but it's easier this time around. I think that the classes give you a much better chance. I think that there's more opportunity to do things in a safe manner without fear of being annihilated, and it is something that really requires you to think.
In general, I'm not really a fan of hard games, but I think that as time goes by, increasing the difficulty while requiring players to think strategically is something that I really am enjoying more and more. I think that we're seeing more and more games that really do it well. There always have been games like that, but just lately it seems to me… Demon's Souls was one that was billed as being extremely difficult, but if you thought about it, you could get through it relatively easily. Shiren is another one. Etrian Odyssey's another one. There's a number of games where you can't just power through it. You can't just turn your brain off, level up and move. You have to actually think, and that's a quality I really admire.
Tim Spaeth:Etrian Odyssey III doesn't hit stores until September 21. Like other Atlus games, are the first two games impossible to find, if people wanted to check this out in advance of picking up number 3? Are they going to have to go on some crazy hunt or pay $300 on eBay?
Brad Gallaway: I think Chi said that he saw them recently. But I've been looking for them lately, and I haven't seen any for a while. So I wouldn't be surprised if they were pretty impossible to find. Atlus games in general, when you go to the older titles, they disappear and they don't really come back. People don't really trade them in, and the print runs are usually pretty small. Etrian Odyssey is one especially that…The GameStops around here, when Etrian II came out, I did the review for that and I went out of curiosity to check to see how many copies came in. At that time, the GameStop near me had two copies. So two copies that never got restocked, you don't have much of a chance to get something there. So I would certainly recommend anybody who's even remotely interested in the game: pre-order it, pick it up, give it a try, and if you don't like it, you can guarantee and sell that thing on eBay, no problem.
Chi Kong Lui: Although on GameStop, the first part is going for $10, so it's not a particularly rare game, in terms of its value.
Brad Gallaway: But did you see it, though? I haven't seen it. It may be priced that low, but I have not seen it. I have not seen it in a long time.
Mike Bracken: I see it every once in a while.
Chi Kong Lui: Well, both part one and two actually show up in GameStop. You know how the really out-of-print games don't even show up when you search on them? But both Etrian Odyssey I and II show up on GameStop, and you can actually do a search for your zip code and see which GameStops have them. So it shouldn't be too hard to find them, actually.
Brad Gallaway: I would disagree. [Laughter] But go ahead and…one of us'll be right.
[Laughter]
Chi Kong Lui: All right. Fine. I'll let you know if I find them or not.
Tim Spaeth: It sounds like it's worth looking for. Maybe it'll be easy to find, maybe it won't, but it's worth the hunt. We'll take a break. When we come back from that break, Puzzle Quest II and DeathSpank. Stay with us.
[Music]
Tim Spaeth: Welcome back. We've got two more hot RPGs to talk about: Puzzle Quest II and DeathSpank. We're going to start with Puzzle Quest II, and for that, we'll turn to Mike. Mike, my first question about this game: Why doesn't Puzzle Quest II have a crappy subtitle like all the other games we're talking about?
Mike Bracken: I think it's because Electric Boogaloo was already taken, Tim. That's just my guess. I don't have any inside skinny on that, but that what my sources tell me: that they really had their hearts set on Electric Boogaloo and it was just gone.
[Laughter]
Chi Kong Lui: What's wrong with The Return of Puzzle Quest?
Tim Spaeth: You know, that would've been perfect.
Mike Bracken: That would be pretty good, too. I guess maybe the marketing people just weren't up to snuff. Didn't think of that one. Maybe we should be working in game marketing, obviously.
Tim Spaeth: Clearly. Clearly.
Mike Bracken: Clearly.
Chi Kong Lui: That was more of a joke at you, Tim, for not even throwing that out there.
Tim Spaeth: I thought that was the really obvious joke.
Chi Kong Lui: That's never stopped you before. [Laughter]
Tim Spaeth: That's true.
Brad Gallaway: The really obvious joke would've been: Puzzle Quest II: Not Nearly as Bad as the Game We Just Put Out.
[Laughter]
Tim Spaeth: So, technically, Infinite Interactive, the developer on this game, developed nine puzzle games between Puzzle Quest and Puzzle Quest II. So theoretically, this is Puzzle Quest 11, but it is getting the official title. So this is the official successor to Challenge of the Warlords. Mike, what did you think of it?
Mike Bracken: Actually, I'm really mixed about it. I have some things that are in the game that I like a lot, and then I have some things that are a little head-scratching to me. This is the positive show, so I'm going to dwell on the positive things, mostly—especially because I'm always negative.
Brad Gallaway: You? No!
Mike Bracken: Yeah. Me? No! Hunh-unh. Negative? I'm fucking all sunshine and roses 24/7. I didn't spend a lot of time with the original Puzzle Quest. I goofed around with it a little bit and basically said: "Oh, this is neat. It's like Bejeweled with an RPG." But my problem is, I don't really give a fuck about playing Bejeweled at all. It's just not one of those games I'm into. But when the opportunity to play Puzzle Quest II came along, I was like: "Hmm. I should do this, because I didn't really spend any time with the first one or any of the games in the interim. This is a chance to experience it and figure out why everybody's so excited and everything."
So when that opportunity came along, I jumped on it. I've been playing it quite a bit, mixing it up with a little Half-Life 2, because I'm way behind on video game stuff since I got my Xbox back. But off the bat, I will say that for 1400 Microsoft points, it's a lot of fun for that money. What's that work out to? $14 or something crazy like that?
Brad Gallaway: $15, something like that?
Mike Bracken: Yeah. It's like something cheap. And for that money, I would certainly say that this is a really good game. There's a ton of shit to do. There's not a lot of variation in what you do, but it's a lengthy game. I've put probably 15 hours into it already. That's really cool. You're definitely getting your money's worth.
They have changed it since the first game. In this new version, like all good sequels, they've upped everything. What's sort of happened is now you can equip weapons and armor and stuff like that, and they've added these gauntlets. So instead of just making three colors for spell points and stuff, you can actually attack with these weapons you have, or use the shield to get some extra defence going, and stuff like that. But the game still plays the same, basically: you get quests and you go out and point and click your way through boards and encounter enemies. And when you encounter an enemy, it goes to a Bejeweled board, and basically, there are colors and skulls that do damage, and these gauntlet things that will power up your weapon attacks. You have hit points and the enemy has hit points, and it's just a race to knock everybody down to zero first and move on to the next thing.
If you've played the original Puzzle Quest, this is cool, because it definitely ups the ante in terms of gameplay. There's more to do to it. My attitude at first was: "Oh, this is like just playing Bejeweled. But if you look at the game as an RPG where you just play a little bit of Bejeweled once in a while, it's actually pretty cool. It's all your attitude, I guess. For me, it was like: "Yeah, I may not be the biggest Bejeweled fan in the world, but it's actually pretty fun." You're not just making these chains of colors to get points. You're making it to kick the crap out of some lizard person. So I kind of like that.
And they have taken this whole Bejeweled element to another level, too, because now instead of just fighting this way, doors are not able to be opened, so you have to go onto a Bejeweled board and make matches to make these little door icons and then make the door icons chain to do damage to the door in a certain number of turns to get it open. Of if there's a pile of treasure, you go to a board that has different icons on it, and you have to make chains of them. If you make so many, it gives you rare item chests, and if you make a chain of that, you get the rare item. But while you're doing it, it's also closing up the board level by level, so you're going to lose a lot of stuff, too. You have to really think about it.
It's pretty cool. But again, if you like to play Bejeweled, it's really awesome. If you're sort of not maybe so much into Bejeweled, it's a little tougher sell [laughter], because it's really just a lot of playing Bejeweled over and over and over. But the one thing that I really want to say about the game that I appreciate the most is that I think it's really cool the way these guys have bridged the gap.
RPGs are a niche genre for hardcore gamers, for the most part, and Bejeweled is definitely not a hardcore game [laughter] or a niche genre. So they've done this thing where they've put these two different kinds of games together into one and bridged the gap. I could almost get my mother to play this game. She likes her Bejeweled, she doesn't have a clue about a turn-based RPG, but she would understand this. So I think it's really cool that they've done that.All in all, I'm pretty impressed with the game. It's not my favorite game of the year, but it's definitely fun and I've had a good time with it.
Tim Spaeth: There was a point in the original Puzzle Quest—I would say roughly halfway through—where you as the player outlevel the enemies to such a degree that you're effectively invincible. You can't lose, and the role-playing essentially becomes irrelevant, because you're so incredibly powerful. How is the difficulty curve here? Do you find yourself losing matches? Are you winning?
Mike Bracken: No. Actually, I have not outleveled the enemies yet. I've had points where I've lost matches. The funny thing about it is, I chose to play a barbarian and I kind of regret that. I should've picked the rogue or something. It seems like it might've been a little more fun, interesting. The barbarian does get some spells and stuff, but I just don't find them very exciting. But it seems like a lot of things I fight have more hit points than me. It's definitely not been super hard or anything like that, but there is a certain element of luck involved with the board.
I've noticed either I suck at Bejeweled or something, because I only get a lot of, you make three and that's the end of your turn. If you make four or more, you get an extra turn. So I'll make three, and the computer will go on these runs of seven turns in a row, where they make four somehow. Everything just falls right into place for them, and they're pounding the shit out of you for seven turns, basically. But it is interesting, because it's one of those weird games where you can be down fucking 50 hit points below the guy you're fighting, and yet somehow you can still eke out a victory. I find that kind of interesting. But I haven't run into that point yet where I'm just an invincible god. I'm hoping it's coming, though, because I like that.
[Laughter]
Brad Gallaway: And who doesn't, really?
Mike Bracken: Yeah. That's why I play RPGs: so I can build little gods and just crush everything in my path.
Tim Spaeth: Brad or Chi, did either of you try the demo or pick this up?
Brad Gallaway: I played the first one. I played the hell out of the first one. I really love the first Puzzle Quest [unknown], and my wife is playing Puzzle Quest II right now. I've been watching over her shoulder. I don't have any hands-on experience, but watching it, I'm like: "Oh, looks okay." It didn't look like a disaster like the last Puzzle Quest game, Puzzle Quest: Galactrix which is just painful beyond belief to play. So it looks definitely like a good thing, and I will certainly play it. But it didn't seem like enough of a new spin on the thing to make me want to jump into it right away. Chi?
Chi Kong Lui: Nah, I haven't played it.
Tim Spaeth: I did try the demo, and it plays great. I don't think it was different enough to…I wasn't compelled to purchase it. I found the new overworld interface to be a little klugey: walking from NPC to NPC. There were too many button presses. You had to press a button three times to get to the person you needed to talk to, and I just found that [pause] just inconvenient. But maybe I just wasn't used to it at that point.
Mike Bracken: Yeah, the overworld map is a little odd—especially it'll show you which path to go through. It'll give you a lighted questionamrk on the way you're supposed to go. You can do that, but you'll miss a bunch of crap along the way, so I like to wander off the path. I try not to pay attention to it. But yeah, it is a weird overworld map, the way you sort of just click your way through it and everything. But for a $15 game, I'm not going to complain about that, I guess. It just seems like one of those things that's like, I'm just really more concerned with the core gameplay and that's pretty fun. I'm happy with it, actually.
Tim Spaeth: And my last question for you, Mike: The NPCs have yellow exclamation marks over their heads.
Mike Bracken: Yes, they do.
Tim Spaeth: Did it get that World of Warcraft itch?
Mike Bracken: [Laughter] Yes, it did. That just took me back to all those hours in WoW. [Laughter]
Tim Spaeth: Cataclysm. Cataclysm!
Mike Bracken: Oh, it's not happening. It's not happening. No chance.
Tim Spaeth: Yeah, we'll see.
Mike Bracken: No chance.
Tim Spaeth: We will see, sir.
Mike Bracken: Uninstalled.
Tim Spaeth: Uninstalled. Oh, it can always be downloaded again.
Mike Bracken: Oh, no.
[Laughter]
Chi Kong Lui: Did you erase the save files after you uninstalled it?
Mike Bracken: Everything on it is off my computer, so yeah. Not happening. [Laughter]
Tim Spaeth: It's all in the cloud, man. It's all in the cloud.
Mike Bracken: I was saying the other day, I should just sell my fucking account so there's no danger at all. But there isn't anyway. [Laughter]
Tim Spaeth: Well, Puzzle Quest II available now on the Nintendo DS, Xbox 360, XBLA, iPhone. (You can get this on your iPhone, folks) as well as Windows. So last but not least, it comes to me, and comes to DeathSpank. Now, in the game, they pronounce it "Death Spank," but clearly that was an error of the voice actor.
Mike Bracken: Clearly.
Tim Spaeth: But just because that's how everybody knows the game, I will refer to it as "Death Spank."
Mike Bracken: Isn't that kind of like how in Final Fantasy XII they keep calling the marquis the "marqwiss" or whatever it is? They totally butcher that word every fucking time they say it in that game, and I'm like: "How the hell does Square release a multi-million dollar game and nobody knew how to fucking pronounce the word "marquis"?
[Laughter]
Chi Kong Lui: That is hilarious.
Mike Bracken: Ugh! Sorry to derail you, Tim.
Tim Spaeth: No, no. No, no. Not at all. DeathSpank. This is a hack-and-slash action RPG. It's available for the Xbox Live Arcade, as well as PlayStation Network. It's $15; it's just out this past week. In terms of gameplay, very similar to other console hack-and-slash games: Baldur's Gate: Dark Alliance,X-Men: Legends,Marvel: Ultimate Alliance, though the clear predecessor of this game is Diablo. It is structured very, very much like Diablo II.
Visually, the game resembles…I actually initially thought of Animal Crossing, with that sort of curved horizon, that curved environment, cell-shaded, has some Windwaker, has some Okami. It looks great. It's actually gorgeous for a $15 downloadable title. It looks wonderful. You play as DeathSpank. He has been tasked with obtaining something called the Artefact. We don't really know what the Artefact is, but everybody seems to want it and in the game, it has been obtained by an evil prince. You are tasked to getting it back.
DeathSpank himself, something of a dim-witted, bombastic, headstrong fellow, kind of in the vein of the Tick. He really reminded me of the Tick. He sounds like the Tick; he acts like the Tick, with a little Ron Burgundy mixed in.
Mike Bracken: And Bruce Campbell.
Tim Spaeth: And Bruce Campbell. Yes, indeed. He is, in fact, a cliché of many, many different characters. The hook here is supposedly the writing and the loot. Frankly, I found both of those hooks to be wanting. I was pretty disappointed in this game, actually. The designer here is Ron Gilbert. He is best known for his work on the classic LucasArts adventure games, including the first two Monkey Islands. That's probably what he's best known for. He's something of a legend; he's something of an icon, although he's disappeared for the past few years. I think he last consulted on the Penny Arcade role-playing games. But, so, you hear "Ron Gilbert," there are high expectations. Kind of like Tim Schaffer: High expectations. Although not really delivering here, much like Tim Schaffer hasn't really delivered so much.
[Laughter]
People should know that Ron Gilbert did not write the majority of the dialogue in this game—it was another guy named Sean Howard, so if you were hoping to get actual Ron Gilbert dialogue, you may think you're getting it, but you're actually not. Although Sean Howard does a really good job of aping Ron Gilbert's style, with the exception of the humor. This game really thinks that it's funny, but it's, frankly, not all that funny.
It's occasionally clever, but the real problem with the dialogue is that there's just too much of it. When you start this game, the characters are just talking and talking and talking, and what you really want to get to is the hack-and-slash and the looting. It really feels…like I said, it's overwritten, it feels like it's trying too hard to impress. The dialogue is peppered with dated pop culture references. Within the first two minutes, DeathSpank says: "Have you ever danced with the devil in the pale moonlight?" which is a 21-year-old reference to the first Batman movie. It's like: "Really? That's the most current pop culture reference we could think of here?"
[Laughter]
All the dialogue is delivered by voice actors. The voice acting is fine, but the problem is, all of the dialogue is simultaneously displayed on the screen in text boxes. So by the time you've heard the joke, you've already read the joke. Eventually I found myself just hitting the B button to get through the dialogue. Once I got into about my third hour of play, I just stopped reading the dialogue altogether, because it just wasn't interesting me. The story is just a generic fantasy-comedy story. It's not special in any way, shape or form. So the writing is a failure. What about the loot? Frankly, also a failure.
[Laughter]
Brad Gallaway: Wait, wait, wait, wait, wait. I'm not disagreeing with anything you're saying, Tim, but I got to say: I thought this was the love show.
Mike Bracken: What happened to the love, man? It's gone.
Tim Spaeth: Well, I said it looked good. I said the game looked beautiful.
[Laughter]
Some love there, right? I thought I was going to love this game; I really did. I felt very confident when we were putting the love RPG show together that I was going to like this game, and it just failed on almost every level. As far as the loot goes, there's very little variety in the loot. As you gain more powerful loot, you don't really feel any more powerful, which was not the case in all of the other loot games that I love: Borderlands or Too Human or Diablo or World of Warcraft or, most recently, Torchlight.
Really, as you collect loot, the enemies in the areas that you're going to…They don't scale with you, but as you complete quests you go to new areas where the enemies are harder, and you just hit them with your sword. You're not really gaining any new, special powers. You're just hitting a level ten enemy, then a level 12 enemy, then a level 15 enemy.
Here's the biggest problem with the loot: collecting the loot. Loot drops off of enemies onto the playfield, and you pick it up just by walking over it. The only way you know what you have picked up is if you look in the upper left-hand corner of your screen. The loot you pick up, the name, fades in and fades out very quickly. Now, if you happen to be looking up there, you can see that you've picked up an item.
But if you're in a particularly heated battle and you're fighting, say, 15 spiders or 15 chickens at once, you may end up picking up three, four, five different items and have no idea that you picked them up. You won't even know that you acquired loot until you happen to go to the inventory screen. That may be five minutes later, which defeats the entire purpose of a loot game. The idea behind a loot game is: You slaughter an enemy, you see the object on the playfield, you see the name, you see the color, it's a purple Epic—bam! You feel great about it.
[Laughter]
And say what you will about Too Human, but Too Human nailed the loot game. When something awesome dropped, it was colored differently, a magnificent fanfare played, and you got excited about it.
[Laughter]
DeathSpank, not the case. You may pick up the best item in the game and not even know it. And that is a failure of a loot game. Inventory is screwed up. The whole idea behind loot is you compare what you have equipped to what you've picked up. As far back as Final Fantasy games, 20 years ago, when you hover over an item, it tells you: "Your strength will increase by this much, your magic will increase by this much if you equip this item."
Not so in DeathSpank. It will tell you: "This item is Strength 150," but you have to remember that, hover over the item that you have equipped, and say: "Oh, well that's Strength 120," and then do the math in your head. Which isn't hard, but it's incredibly inconvenient and annoying when every RPG and every loot game has been doing it differently for 20 years. It's a huge step backwards. Like I said, the loot is generally pretty boring. There aren't that many unique weapons in the game. There's a Chicken Cannon that shoots chickens. That's, you know, something.
[Laughter]
But there are various things like that. I will give the game credit for naming loot interestingly. It's kind of clever. For example, one of the first weapons you pick up is a Broad Sword; later, you get a Broader Sword; and later you get the Broadest Sword. That's kind of clever. I like it. I'm going to give them credit for that.
So, look. I'm going to try to say a couple good things about it. Ron Gilbert's adventure game history definitely comes through here. While many of the quests are of the "kill ten rats" variety, there are a handful of adventure game-style quests. You do have an inventory in the game, and you can combine items together, much as you could in the old LucasArts adventures. So, for example, there's one quest-giver who needs you to bring her red horns. Well, there are demons that drop white horns, and then in another part of the game world, there are cherries that can be pulled off of trees. If you go into your inventory, you can grind the cherries into a dye and then apply it to the white horns. They become red horns. It's a very classic Sierra and LucasArts style puzzle. They're few and far between, but when they come up, they're actually kind of fun and a really nice change of pace from just the complete tedium of this game.
For those who are worried about those kinds of puzzles, they have a hint system. In the world, you can pick up fortune cookies and you open those fortune cookies which act as hints for the different quests. The more hints you open up, the more specific the solution becomes, to the point where it will just straight-up tell you: "This is what you need to do next."
It's not a bad game. It's not a horrible game, but it's a very hollow game. It's a very tedious game. The first hour of the game is really no different from the fifth hour of the game. There's not a lot of thinking to be done; it really feels like you're just going through the motions, mindlessly hitting Block and Attack and Block and Attack. Not recommended. Certainly not worth $15, and I do regret the purchase.
Now, Mike, I know you played the demo. Brad, I know you played the demo. Am I wrong? Or do you guys agree with me?
Brad Gallaway: I would say you just confirmed what I was afraid of. I saw this game at PAX last year and I was looking at it. I'm like: "Why the hell is everybody so excited for this?" Just taking a look at it, and honestly, I didn't know who Ron Gilbert was. I didn't play those games. I didn't have a strong PC background, because my family never really had a computer for a long time. And when I heard "Ron Gilbert," I'm like: "Well, who the hell's Ron Gilbert? I don't have clue." So the name wasn't a draw for me, and just looking at the gameplay, I was like: "This looks really dull and bland and brown and boring, and I don't know why everybody's excited."
But I gave it a chance, and then all the sudden, people are like: "Oh, my God! It's out! It's out!" I tried the demo, and it's like: "Who cares?" The writing felt really dull and flat to me. I didn't laugh at any of the obviously over-the-top, trying so hard to be funny that they're straining to be funny jokes, and the obligatory bacon mention in the first two minutes. I was like: "Okay. This seems like you guys really want to be artful and clever, but you're just not."
I got to say, starting off the game with this kill-a-bunch-of-chickens quest was a real big turn-off. And then seeing that the character had four weapons to start with…even though that seems like kind of a good idea. He had, what? A crossbow; an axe; a sword and something else. Isn't that right? You start the game with four different things. It was like: "Why am I starting with that? Shouldn't you offer me the choice? Shouldn't it be a high point of the game that I get to pick what kind of weapon I want?" It just was hitting all the wrong notes for me, and I was like: "There's no way I'm dropping $15 on this." Hearing you talk about it, I'm certainly glad I didn't. Mike, what would you think?
Mike Bracken: Yeah. Hearing Tim talk about it confirmed my worst fears. I played through the demo twice. It gives you 20 minutes to play it or something like that. There's a timer on it. I felt the same way. I thought, visually, it was really pretty. It starts you out in that first area where the witch is, and everything's purple and dark and really over-artsy and just really neat-looking. And then suddenly you get past that area, and it just looks like every other fucking action RPG you've ever played, basically. DeathSpank as a character, definitely the humor really tries too hard. I like to call him "Ron Jilbear," because everybody's a hockey player where I'm from.
[Laughter]
I thought: If somebody had made that joke in the game, it would've been funnier than any of the jokes I actually saw. Which is a sad testament to how not-funny the game is in spots. What really bugged me about it, though, is I didn't like the combat at all. I just found myself just fucking using the crossbow over and over and over. Running in to melee-fight anything was just not fun and a real pain in the ass.
A good hack-and-slash game, you should be able to run into a horde of enemies and fucking slaughter them with your sword or hammer or whatever you have, your axe. But in this game, it just doesn't feel right. It's just clunky and so it was more interesting to me to stand back and plink things with 45 bow-shots instead.
Tim Spaeth: I was going to add something to the combat. You're absolutely right, and it's not just that you can't run into a group of enemies. As you go through the game, blocking becomes much more important. You have to get into a rhythm of block, attack, block, attack. If you don't block, you're dead. You have to block.
Mike Bracken: A good hack-and-slash, you should never have to block in.
Brad Gallaway: I was thinking the exact same thing. [Laughter]
Mike Bracken: Yeah. You should never have to block in a hack-and-slash. That just defeats the whole fucking purpose of that genre.
Brad Gallaway: It should be for boss characters, maybe. Maybe block a big dragon.
Mike Bracken: Yeah. But to wander into a horde of just regular peon enemies, I should never have to fucking block. I should do so much damage that I should just be slaughtering things left and right.
Tim Spaeth: Absolutely. And what happens is, the enemies bunch on you to the point where it is impossible to block everyone. The animation is all piled up on top of each other, so even if you try to block, you can't, because you can't see what's going on. What I would recommend to anybody who is planning to go the distance in this game is drop the difficulty down to Easy. Which I eventually did, because the game becomes just too much of a chore to not do that. And then you'll find that you can rush into groups and get pretty far with just spamming the Attack button. But again, it becomes really unsatisfying.
There's also no real impact to the melee. In a good hack-and-slash, you punch somebody, you feel it. There's a good hit; there's rumble in the controller, and that's just not here. You're just watching the animation. There's a real disconnect between what you're doing on the controller and what you're seeing on the screen, almost as though there's a slight lag. That seemed odd to me as well. But, yeah. It's just a complete misfire. And no co-op.
Mike Bracken: Yeah. That's what really made me…I had talked about this game with Tim before it came out, and I was like: "Oh, are you going to play this?" because I was interested in it, and it was one of these games I was looking forward to, because I love loot-whoring and hack-and-slashing and all that stuff. And so I'm looking at it, and it's like: "Oh, this looks like it would be great to do online co-op." Of course, it doesn't have it, because I never in my fucking life ever want to play online co-op anything with anyone, except the one time a game came along that I would actually want to do it, [and] that's not a feature.
[Laughter]
I just wanted to add: I'm totally with you on the loot system. It's horrible that you can't tell if something's an improvement over what you have. This is 2010. I shouldn't have to fucking do that. That's like Final Fantasy I crap, if that. Ridiculous. So far, this for me is shaping up to be…I don't want to say it's the disappointment of the year, because I haven't played the whole game. But just from the demo it was definitely a bit of a let-down. But it is definitely a disappointment. I expected a lot more from this than what I got, and I couldn't really see spending $15 on it right now.
Tim Spaeth: Don't do it. Don't. Do not spend $15 on this game. If you're even slightly interested, wait for a sale, but you will have buyer's remorse. So, yeah. So much for being positive, but it was this or Final Fantasy XIII and, believe me, if it was Final Fantasy XIII, we'd all be feeling suicidal right now. So be happy I went with DeathSpank.
So, there we go. So that's our four games. Any final thoughts or conclusions that you would like to make before I wrap this party up? I will point to you, Chi Kong Lui. Any final thoughts? Not to put you on the spot, Chi. Now, this can be final thoughts about RPGs, or it can just be final thoughts about life in general. If you would like to make a statement about LeBron James, you may do so at this time. The floor is yours.
Chi Kong Lui: Nah, I'll spare you that pain. I don't want to bring any more negative energy to this.
Mike Bracken: Yeah. We were doing so well, Tim.
Chi Kong Lui: Yeah.
Brad Gallaway: [unknown], you guys. I was going to say I was really proud of us. I think that we heard people's feedback from the show. They thought we were too negative. We decided to make the responsive choice and give people what they wanted. At the same time, I'm really proud that we were not able to get through that, and we had to get negative again.
[Laughter]
Mike Bracken: We just can't do a whole hour of not being assholes. This is as close as we're probably ever going to get.
Brad Gallaway: Yeah, yeah. If this isn't a positive show for you, you'd better just stop listening now.
Mike Bracken: Yeah. It's time to bail.
Tim Spaeth: I could've tried to spin Picross 3D as an RPG.
Mike Bracken: [Laughter] An RPG.
Chi Kong Lui: [Laughter]
Tim Spaeth: Then it would've been just gushing with love, but I couldn't find an angle to make Picross an RPG, alas. So there you go. I think you're right, Brad. I think we took that feedback and did a great job crafting an experience that hopefully people will enjoy and cherish for the weeks to come. Mike, any final thoughts?
Mike Bracken: I just wanted to say that it was just great to be positive for a week until Tim totally derailed us at the end. I do still love him.
Brad Gallaway: I do want to say that it was Tim. It was Tim that derailed us and not me, and not Mike.
Mike Bracken: Yeah. It wasn't me.
Chi Kong Lui: Yeah.
Mike Bracken: Yeah. It's always Brad and me, for the most part, and then Tim is usually our shining, happy little star.
Chi Kong Lui: Right.
Mike Bracken: And yet, this week, we all role-reversed.
Chi Kong Lui: Exactly. I was thinking the same words: role-reversals.
Tim Spaeth: I didn't use phrases like: "Every level is like unwrapping a present." I didn't use the word "whimsy."
Mike Bracken: Oh, no. I had these in the show notes I had crafted beforehand, words we were going to hear tonight: "Mind-blowingly awesome," "changed my outlook on life," "gave me hope for the future." All this stuff, and none of it turned up in DeathSpank. I'm really bummed about that.
Chi Kong Lui: I do have two words for Dragon Quest IX. I want to call it "artfully streamlined." That's how I would describe it.
Tim Spaeth: Hmm.
Mike Bracken: Wow.
Tim Spaeth: I like that. I like that. Yeah, I will say of everybody who spoke tonight, I think Chi probably did the best job of convincing me to pick that game up.
Chi Kong Lui: Great. Yeah, I was feeling like we were underselling it and I just felt bad about that.
Tim Spaeth: No. No.
Chi Kong Lui: We didn't even get into any of the gameplay details. But it wasn't necessary, at the end of the day. It would be too off-topic, in some ways.
Mike Bracken: It's a JRPG. You kind of know.
Chi Kong Lui: Exactly. I don't want to pretend like it isn't, because it is. But then I would start sounding like a fanboy if I tried to start talking about how: "Oh, yeah, the cloud system is really innovative." Yeah, fuck, no. It is what it is. We've said it. [Laughter]
Mike Bracken: It was really innovative back in Final Fantasy V.
Chi Kong Lui: [Laughter] Right, right.
Tim Spaeth: Well, let's formally wrap this up, then. To our audience: if you have comments on this episode, leave them at GameCritics.com and while you're there, check out our forums, reviews, et cetera. Let me remind you also that the GameCritics.com podcast is available through iTunes and Zune.
If you subscribe at either the Music Store or the Marketplace, leave us a review. It's only through your kindness that we can achieve the celebrity we crave. So please, write us some kind words. Thank you so much to everyone for listening, and coming back after our E3 episode. My thanks to Chi, and Brad and Mike. On behalf of the entire GameCritics.com family, I'm Tim Spaeth. Good night, and bonne chance | eng | f05d92af-d9fa-49bd-9911-6f5c56caa52a | https://gamecritics.com/tera-kirk/gamecritics-com-podcast-episode-37-transcript/ |
Functional Treatment for Metabolic Disorders
Metabolic disorders primarily refer to cardiometabolic diseases, which have to do with heart health and insulin resistance.
Major warning signs of metabolic disorders include obesity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Without treatment, these risk factors can eventually result in death.
Even if this sounds like you, there is hope.
Most cardiometabolic disorders are preventable and reversible. Low-carb diets, exercise, gut health, weight loss, stress levels, sleep cycles, social relationships, and other modifiable lifestyle factors can all influence metabolic disorders. Visit us at PrimeHealth in Denver to address cardiometabolic conditions and major risk factors.
Why are cardiometabolic disorders such a big deal?
Cardiometabolic disorders are related to heart health and high blood sugar levels. These disorders are a big deal because they can be fatal, and the risk factors are very common.
Weight problems — One-third of America is overweight, and another third are obese.
Diabetes & pre-diabetes — 10% of Americans have diabetes, and over 30% have pre-diabetes (many of whom are completely unaware of it).
Liver disease — About 25% of Americans have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), an overproduction of fat cells in the liver that can ultimately lead to liver failure.
Heart disease — Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, responsible for 1 in 5 deaths.
Risk factors for cardiometabolic disorders are more prevalent than ever before, and these metabolic conditions can be deadly. If you experience these risk factors, seek help from a healthcare professional right away to diagnose disorders and administer treatment.
How do you know if you have a metabolic condition?
High blood pressure, high cholesterol, and obesity are all signs of cardiometabolic conditions. Liver function is another indicator of metabolic disorder.
Diabetes is a common cardiometabolic disorder.
Type 2 diabetes means your body doesn't respond well to insulin. When you eat carbohydrates, your body breaks them down into glucose. Your pancreas produces insulin, but diabetes reduces insulin sensitivity. This metabolic disorder is associated with an imbalance in insulin levels and high blood glucose levels.
Type 1 diabetes is an immune system disorder that stops the body from making enough insulin. Symptoms can be managed, but you can't typically reverse type 1 diabetes. (However, reversal is not unheard of.)
At PrimeHealth, our functional medicine practitioners use cutting-edge diagnostics to figure out the root cause of the disease so you can know what's causing your concern.
There is hope for prevention through combinations of specific lifestyle changes, dietary changes, supplements such as the antioxidantalpha-lipoic acid, and proven medications with few side effects. Even patients with a strong genetic predisposition or family history of developing cardiometabolic diseases aren't without options.
What are the benefits of functional medicine for diabetes?Functional medicine aims to identify the root cause of your diabetes and then treat that root cause. By revising the habits that resulted in diabetes in the first place, many individuals can reverse their diabetes using conservative methods.
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I went to Dr. Rafatjah because my cholesterol was high. She not only taught me how to lower my cholesterol but also how to improve my overall health. I found her to be so helpful and knowledgeable as well as compassionate, I highly recommend her. | eng | 8933cfec-eb14-445c-a8d4-461f195d445d | https://primehealthdenver.com/conditions-we-treat/cardiometabolic-disorders/ |
4 Ways Low Self-Esteem Worsens Depression (And How To Fix It)
Low self-esteem is a dangerous trait that can affect multiple areas of your life in surprisingly powerful ways. It can jeopardize your wellbeing on a deeper level, too, which gets even worse if you have diagnosed mental illnesses, such as anxiety or depression.
Depression and poor self-esteem form a deadly cycle, according to a study published in the Journal, Behavioral and Cognitive Psychotherapy. The lower your self-esteem, the more depressed you get, and the more depressed you get, the lower your self-esteem. It's far from an ideal way to live! But how does it happen, and how can you get out of that downward spiral?
4 Ways Low Self-Esteem Worsens Depression
Here are four ways low self-esteem worsens depression and how to fix it in three suggestions.
1. You Become An Unfair Perfectionist
Low self-esteem often drives you to become very perfectionistic, requiring self-destructive punishment levels for an inability to meet impossible standards—your self-worth hinges on being able to complete things to an arbitrary level of satisfaction.
When you continually fail to meet your own goals, it makes sense that you would feel more depressed. Of course, these failures are fuelled by poor self-image, making it all even more depressing. You'll never feel good enough, which makes you more of a perfectionist, making you "fail" once more… it's a destructive cycle to be caught in. Here are some ways that this can come into effect:
· You Panic Over Tiny Details
The human brain cannot focus on every single tiny detail at once. It is inherently flawed and isn't meant to be like a robot scanner. There's no way for you to get every single minuscule thing completely accurate, and trying to do so will inevitably fail and, following that, an increase in depression.
· Your Expectations Are Unrealistic
There's a reason that goal-setting requires achievable goals to achieve positive results. If your expectations are sky-high, your self-esteem will drop as you fail to meet each milestone. You'll begin to feel like your efforts are hopeless and worthless, which is a symptom of severe depression.
· You Equate Failure With Being A Failure
It's normal to fail, but it doesn't make you a failure. Unfortunately, having low self-esteem means that this is how your brain tends to think. It's easy to see how this can link to depression. Thinking you're just a failure is sure to do harmful things to your head.
2. You Define Yourself By Others' Perceptions Of You
One of the most common low self-esteem symptoms is feeling like you have to please others so that they like, love, and respect you. As a result, many people-pleasers end up feeling aggrieved and used. To learn how to set personal boundaries, try the following tips:
Low self-esteem can make you a people-pleaser. You define your worth by how others look at you. This means that you develop unhealthy attachments with others that can feel smothering, overwhelming, or even frightening to the people around you.
When your only source of positive thinking comes from others, depression is a certainty. No one will give you constant reassurance, and people will notice your desperation, so you won't find the self-worth you seek from others anywhere. Your self-esteem will dip quickly as no one fills your need for validation, which contributes to depression. Ask yourself, do you do the following?
· You Can't Say No
Saying "no" to others means having to let them down or refuse to gain their favor, so you feel constantly pressured to say "yes." You may even agree to stretch yourself too thin between commitments sheerly because you hope those you help will like you more.
· You Don't Have Boundaries
Not only do you not respect other people's boundaries, but you also don't have any yourself. You'll let people walk all over you as you encroach on their personal space. It's a toxic situation all around.
· You Never Put Yourself First
A little selfishness can be a positive thing, but you'd be reluctant to put yourself first, even for a second. You'll do what you can to help other people, even if it means jeopardizing yourself every day.
3. You Hate Yourself
Low self-esteem means disliking who you are, sometimes to an extreme level of loathing. It's pretty apparent how this could worsen depression. Self-hatred can involve frustration, anger, harshness, resentment, a lack of forgiveness towards yourself, and more. All of these factors make you dislike your life, even more, worsening depression. Here are some key features to look out for:
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· Your Internal Dialogue Leans Negative
That voice inside your head constantly tells you that you're not good enough, insulting you and hitting you where it hurts. It may have even become so much a part of yourself that it happens automatically, and you accept it without thinking. When your default processing is negative, depression is an obvious side-effect.
· You Believe Every Negative Thing That Pops Into Your Head
Many people get negative thoughts, but those who have high self-esteem challenge those thoughts with positive thinking. If you have low self-esteem, that means you believe that negativity because it makes sense to you. You genuinely think that way of yourself, and once again, negativity is prime fodder for depression.
· You Beat Yourself Up Over Mistakes
Making mistakes is a part of life, but to you, it's like the end of the world. You continually resent yourself and feel shame and guilt for mistakes you've made. Instead of learning from them, you wallow in them, which makes you feel more depressed.
4. You Don't Give Yourself Enough Credit
Low self-esteem usually means you don't see how well you're doing. You constantly think poorly of yourself and never reward yourself or pat yourself on the back. This worsens depression because you wind up never being enough for even yourself, perpetuating that numb feeling of hopelessness so common in mood disorders.
Here are some examples of ways you may not be giving yourself enough credit:
· You Attribute Success To Luck
Whenever you do well in something, you brush off your part and insist it was all luck. Even when you fought as hard as you could to make things work out, you ignore your efforts and insist that someone like you could have never done that well – even though you very obviously did!
· You Refuse To Accept Compliments
Accepting compliments gracefully is basic decency, but it's something you struggle to do. Whenever someone compliments you, you find yourself disbelieving them or even wondering if you've tricked them into liking you. It's a paradox where you want external validation but then deny its existence, which messes with your head and depressive state.
· You Have Poor Body Image
You think you look bad, even when others say you don't. You rarely, if ever, have moments where you like aspects of your appearance. Hating your skin is sure to make you depressed, as you're essentially saying that you hate your entire life's vessel.
How To Fix Low Self-Esteem That Worsens Depression
1. Alter The Narrative
Low self-esteem requires a negative narrative where you create bad tales about yourself that aren't rooted in reality. You are blind to your strengths, you magnify your flaws, and you find things to hate that aren't there.
Changing the narrative means pausing whenever these thoughts come up. Stop those processes and ask yourself if your thoughts are realistic. Are the stories you're telling to yourself true? If not, then where do they come from?
Once you've noticed these negative thoughts, observe them and how they transform into other ones. You'll slowly begin to understand where your worst beliefs come from. Then, you can change the narrative. After a certain point, stop these thoughts and correct them. For example:
Instead of: "I'm such an awful person! I can't believe I screwed that up like I always do!"
Say: "People make mistakes, and I'm no exception. With this error, I've learned something new, and I can prevent this from happening again."
Instead of: "I'm so lazy."
Say: "I deserve to rest and recuperate after a long day," or "I dislike this trait of myself, but I can change it by doing the following steps."
Instead of: "They all probably hate me so much for being such a weirdo."
Say: "My perceptions of other people's thoughts aren't likely to be accurate. I can clear the air with the people I'm concerned about via clear, direct communication, which should help us find a compromise or an accurate explanation."
2. Find Your Strengths
Even if you don't believe it, there are things you're good at in life, just as there are things you're bad at. If you think you're bad at everything, it's because you haven't found your strengths.
Instead of being adept in similar ways to others, find ways to flex your talents. Sure, you may not be as outgoing and socially intelligent as your colleagues, but you are a hard worker who tends to take the initiative to fix things.
It's all about perspective. Finding your strengths and doing well in them will remind you that you are good at some things. Better yet, if your strengths lie in a fun talent, you can turn it into a hobby that will fill your time, giving you a way to manage your depression healthily and positively.
3. Step Outside Of Your Comfort Zone
Your comfort zone is, well, comfortable! But it's also limiting. For those with poor self-esteem, staying inside a comfort zone is an inherently negative thing because it prevents you from learning more about yourself and your capabilities.
Sure, it's cozy to stay within your bubble. But by being brave, using positive thinking, and stepping out of that circle, you'll realize that you're more than equipped to tackle the unknown. Besides, it gives you something to occupy yourself with so you're less focused on mental disorders like depression, so that's a win-win!
Final Thoughts On Some Ways Low Esteem Worsens Depression And How To Fix It
With low self-esteem, you become your own worst enemy. Your mood dips, your symptoms of mental disorders worsen, and you feel awful and depressed more often. Learning to improve self-esteem and fix negative self-perception is crucial in depression treatment, recovery, and management | eng | dc5a92ee-189b-42aa-9731-f3735f8ab07b | https://www.powerofpositivity.com/low-self-esteem-worsens-depression-fix/ |
Epidemiology
1. The World Health Organization reports that the leading causes of death globally are heart disease, stroke, and lower respiratory tract infections.
2. In the US, the leading cause of death is heart disease, accounting for about 633,000 deaths each year.
3. Stroke is the second leading cause of death globally, accounting for about 11% of all deaths each year.
4. Lower respiratory tract infections, such as pneumonia, are the third leading cause of death globally, accounting for about 3 million deaths each year.
5. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death globally, accounting for about 3 million deaths each year.
6. Lung cancer is the fifth leading cause of death globally, accounting for about 1.6 million deaths each year. | eng | a61d3f50-c4a5-484a-9850-dd5af050919b | https://livebookai.com/browse?category=Epidemiology |
I am 21 years old and was diagnosed with ADHD at 14. I feel like a loser. I barely graduated college, and I have had trouble holding on to a job. Many of my friends are doing well. I feel like crap. How do I get out of the gravitational pull of low self-esteem?
Dr. Wes: You don't have to hang out long with ADHD people to know how much the disorder can mess up how you see yourself. If you ask a person diagnosed with ADHD how he feels about himself, he will probably say that his attention deficit makes him feel like a loser. So much so in fact, that ADHD and depression often go hand in hand. That's because, as you grow up struggling to make your brain do what you tell it to, you learn not to feel good about yourself. You get down on yourself when you're not keeping up with the class, you feel inadequate in your relationship or at work, or you feel like you're caught in a dead-end career path. Many tests for ADHD include a self-concept scale.
Most people call this "low self-esteem," which, I contend, is a big part of the problem. Like so many pop psychology concepts, self-esteem started out as a useful idea, caught on with the public, and is now a cliché. Self-esteem is supposed to be a gauge of how you value yourself compared to others (attractive, smart, interesting, worthwhile, and so on). The problem is, it's become a commodity that we're supposed to have a certain amount of. Not having enough self-esteem (whatever amount that is exactly) gives you more reason to feel bad about yourself.
Instead, I talk with my clients about self-efficacy, not self-esteem. Originating in the work of psychologist Albert Bandura, self-efficacy is the belief you have in your ability to succeed. It affects how you approach goals, tasks, and challenges. Self-efficacy affects big stuff, like, "Am I good at school?" "Can I hold a job?" as well as the little details like, "Can I pass calculus?" or "Am I effective in social situations?"
If you believe you're always prone to failure, as many with ADHD do, you build a reserve of shame that keeps regenerating itself, even as you try to cover it up. Many young people with ADHD cover it up by bending the truth or downright lying. When you do this with friends and family, it upsets them, making you feel more ashamed and ineffective. As a result, you care less and appear less competent. That's the definition of hopelessness.
This process usually starts in kindergarten or pre-school. Unless your parents get you some awesome treatment, it just keeps on happening. For some ADHDERs, success may require so much effort that the easy path feels like a better alternative.
Start on the path to self-efficacy by studying what you're good at, what you're passionate about, and what works well in the world. If you balance those three variables, learn to set and achieve big goals one small goal at a time, and celebrate your successes, you'll begin building self-efficacy. That feels good.
Heather: If you Google "loser," three definitions appear without clicking on a link. One says, "Someone who is put at a disadvantage by a particular situation." Another says, "Some one who accepts defeat." Many of us do not need to read the third definition to know it says, "misfit."
Much of low self-efficacy is related to feeling stigmatized, so a big part of improving how you view yourself is letting go of stigma.
If a loser is someone put at a disadvantage-in this case by ADHD — the first step in fighting stigma is thinking that you're at a disadvantage. Does having ADHD make it harder to understand, retain, and retrieve information? Sure. Does it make it more difficult to interact socially because you misinterpret social cues or space out? Absolutely. Those seem like disadvantages if you look at ADHD only from one angle. But if you compare each of our lives to each other's, the concept of "fair" is impossible to define.
Instead, focus on your own circumstances and on making life fair for you by finding the advantages to it. Find the perks of ADHD that make everyone else "disadvantaged" compared to you. For instance, my ADHD allows me to be more creative, more open-minded, and more appreciative of the little things in life than many of my friends. When I think about that, boom! I've now made my life fair to me.
If a loser is someone who accepts defeat, don't think of your diagnosis as a defeat. It was easier for me to ignore the stigma behind ADHD because I saw the diagnosis neither as negative nor as "just a label." I felt relieved that I could finally understand how I was different and find a way to manage it. If you view yourself negatively because of your ADHD, you accept the disadvantages brought into your life and declare defeat. The day you do that is the day you become a loser.
If a loser is a misfit, don't allow ADHD to become who you are. I fought the stigma of being dumb, socially inept, or a loser because even though I spent so much time learning to understand ADHD and giving advice on the subject, I never once allowed ADHD to define me.
I have allowed "loser" to become a point of my own self-identity. But to me, a loser is a misfit, someone who is different from all the rest, an individual not always governed by societal norms. That's OK with me. I'm proud to be different, to view the world from an alternative perspective. If you define loser that way, it's OK to be one, or to be any other identifier you want to be known for as long as you choose that identity.
In the end, you can allow yourself to be stigmatized by ADHD, or you can choose to make your life fair to | eng | 191c9d69-e718-4b12-bf16-0b779b69c330 | https://www.additudemag.com/self-esteem-anxiety-young-adult-adhd-help/ |
Interest and Engagement: Perspectives on Mathematics - GUP
8799
Kurstorget - Karlstads universitet
Lennart Råde Mathematics Handbook for Science and Engineering is a comprehensive handbook for scientists, engineers, teachers and students at universities. The book presents in a lucid and accessible form classical areas of mathematics like algebra, geometry and analysis and also areas of current interest like discrete mathematics, probability, statistics, optimization and numerical analysis. DOWNFree Download Ebook Mathematics Handbook For Science And Engineering Lennart at here. The World Scientific | Just another WordPress.com weblog
In the natural sciences such as physics, chemistry and related engineering, it is often not so di cult to nd a suitable model, although the resulting equations tend to be very di cult to solve, and can in most cases not be solved analytically at all. On the other hand, in subjects that are not as well described through a mathematical framework
Mathematics handbook for science and engineering (third edition), by Lennart Råde and Bertil Westergren. Pp. 539.
The book presents in a lucid and accessible form classical areas of mathematics like algebra, geometry and analysis and also areas of current interest like discrete mathematics, probability, statistics, optimization and numerical analysis. Access Free Mathematics Handbook For Science And Engineering Free prepare the mathematics handbook for science and engineering free to way in every daylight is good enough for many people. However, there are still many people who moreover don't when reading.
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Business Mathematics was written to meet the needs of a twenty-first century Read more about Business Math: A Step-by-Step Handbook PDF; Hardcopy
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Major: Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) 78 MATH 1910, 1920, 2930 or 2940, and a mathematics course chosen by the Major.
This is the fourth edition of the Mathematics handbook for science and engineering (BETA). Compared to the previous editions a number of additions and corrections have been made. Thomas sorensen son
This Portable Document Format (PDF) file contains bookmarks, thumbnail s, and hyperlinks to help you navigate through the document. The modules
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It is to some extent modelled on a similar document issued by the Department of Engineering, but obviously reects the particular interests of physicists. Read Free Mathematics Handbook For Science And Engineering Mathematics Handbook For Science And Engineering Getting the books mathematics handbook for science and engineering now is not type of challenging means. | eng | d4aabc88-6eb4-48d6-850a-22c05e455a3c | https://hurmanblirrikeeom.web.app/3403/9013.html |
Symmetrical owls!
Jul 28, 2014
70 likes | 203 Views
Symmetrical owls!. Skills: Drawing in symmetry, colouring. What is symmetry?. A shape having two or more parts that are equal and the same. (A mirror image.). Can you see symmetry in these two images?. Not all things are symmetrical. Let's make a symmetrical owl!.
Symmetrical owls | eng | 89b4e5ab-8621-4fa7-80af-c2fb776c2018 | https://www.slideserve.com/storm/symmetrical-owls |
10 Ultimatums You Should Never Give A Guy
Ultimatums aren't going to get you far in a relationship. If your man really cares about your happiness, he'll do as you wish without putting up a fight. If you have to resort to bribes or threats, you might get your way, but you'll also cause him to resent you in the long run. That means it's time to put an end to threatening to break up with him and withholding sex. It's just not worth it.
You or his family. You're never going to be the only woman in his life. As annoying as she is, his mother isn't going anywhere. Neither are his siblings or his cousins. When you marry a man, you marry his family, too. So if you're planning on spending forever with him, you should get used to his family members. They're always going to be around.
You or his pets. It's one thing if you're allergic to his pet cat. It's a completely different thing if you just don't like the way that it meows at you. Most people view their pets as their children, so asking him to give up his animal for you is like asking him to give up a piece of himself.
You or his drinking buddies. He's allowed to have a social life that doesn't involve you. Unless his friends are drug dependent that are leading him down a dark road, don't try to tear him apart from his friends. He deserves to drink a beer and play video games, just like any other man does.
You or his career. You wouldn't give up your dream job for your boyfriend, so why should he give it up for you? He worked hard to get where he is, so there's no reason for you to ask him to quit, especially if he loves what he does.
You or his female friends. Go ahead and ask him to delete his ex's number. But if he has a few harmless female friends, let him text them without accusing him of cheating. If you have male friends, then it's only fair.
You or his video games. Maybe you don't understand the appeal of virtually shooting down enemies and yelling at strangers over a headset. That's okay, because he probably doesn't understand your love of shoe shopping. Don't criticize him for his hobbies. We all relax in different ways.
You or his junk food. You should love your man for his personality. Besides, if he gained a few pounds over the years, you can't force him to exercise. He needs to make the decision on his own, in order to better his health, not to impress you.
You or his childless life. If he doesn't want to have children, then you need to figure out if you're okay with never becoming a mother. If you're not, then you have no choice but to leave him. If you convince him to have a child, even though he doesn't want one, raising it won't go well. He'll either become a deadbeat or just plain resentful.
You or his single status. You can't tell a man that he needs to propose to you by a certain date or you'll leave him. Everyone moves at a different pace. If you really love him, and he's not ready to make a commitment yet, then you should be patient. If you're meant to be, he'll change his mind eventually.
You or his beliefs. You can't force your boyfriend to convert religions. You need to learn to respect the way that he was brought up, even though it's different than the way you were raised. After all, open-mindedness is the key to a successful relationship | eng | d2bfdc31-2a83-4670-b63e-98900ccab864 | https://www.bolde.com/10-ultimatums-never-give-guy/ |
Python and JavaScript are the two primary languages that are most popular and powerful, but they do have key differences.
To understand that specific differences, we've come up with an article that depicts the difference between Python vs JavaScript. You'll come across the basics of Python & JavaScript before we deep dive into their differences.
Build High-Performance Web Applications Using Python Development
What is JavaScript?
JavaScript is a scripting or programming language that makes it easy for businesses to implement complex features on web pages smoothly. In simple words, I can say that for every web page visit, it does more than simply displaying static information for you.
What you can do with JavaScript?
Displaying timely content updates
Creates interactive maps
Performs animated 2D/3D graphics
Scrolling video jukeboxes and many more
With its lightweight feature, JavaScript allows you to create more dynamic interactions when developing web pages, applications, servers, and or even games.
However, you can efficiently use JavaScript alongside HTML and CSS to make your business application more responsive. With the help of JavaScript, implementation of web, mobile application, and game development is much more easier.
Python vs JavaScript: Detailed Comparison
After looking at the basics of Python and Javascript, it's high time to highlight the difference between Python VS JavaScript in various terminologies.
JavaScript Is Best In Terms of Speed & Performance
Python is a programming language that is well-known for its CPU-intensive tasks. On the other hand, JavaScript works the best for creating dynamic and real-time interactions.
JavaScript is solely responsible for enhancing the speed of business application and also plays a vital role in improving user engagement. And it is made possible with the help of Node.js framework.
And if you ask me which is faster: Python or JavaScript? JavaScript wins the battle in terms of application speed and performance. The below figure depicts the performance outage for both Python vs JavaScript.
And if I talk about Python, its the best for processing huge data files, CPU-intensive projects, and large-scale applications. And if you're using Cython or NumPy tools for performing code optimization, it will definitely provide you with the best application performance.
Python Has Gained Huge Popularity
As we are comparing the two big back-end technologies, Python and JavaScript are popular one for developers and business owners. In terms of popularity, both technologies are the best, but to be precise, Python is the winner.
As per the recent survey by Statista, JavaScript has occupied the 4th position in the most commonly used programming language.
Python app development is usually fluctuating with lot of ups and down. And according to the TIOBE Programming Community Index 2022, Python has secured the top position, beating Java, C, and JavaScript.
Apps Developed With JavaScript Language are More Scalable
JavaScript is a programming language that typically supports multithreading features, while Python is a language that allows you to deal with only a single thread at a time.
If you want to build an application for your business that scales well, you should move ahead with Node.js development services. The primary reason behind it is that it is built specifically on JavaScript language.
Simply put, the applications developed with JavaScript allow you to easily increase the number of threads and scale apps as and when needed. On the other hand, Python actively uses GIL (Global Interpreter Lock), which does not include concurrent programming support.
Moreover, Python makes it challenging to utilize multiple processors with threads. This simply states that application scaling works best for JavaScript programming language.
JavaScript Has a Steeper Learning Curve
JavaScript is one such programming language that is usually not easy to learn, and thereby I can surely say that it supports a steeper learning curve. But, it's not the same case with Python language.
In fact, Python is a developer-friendly language and very easy to grasp for any developer.
Here, we are talking about the difference between Python and JavaScript; many freshers typically prefer Python as their primary language. Some of the reasons are minimized structural lines, readable & maintainable code, and, most importantly, a quicker development process.
Python Is Built With Feature-Rich Modules & Libraries
Python is a feature-rich and innovative platform that possesses a bundle of modules and libraries. JavaScript does not have many such libraries and modules except a few, like JSON and Math.
Inside the Python language, you'll find a list of components that enables you to deal with innovative Machine Learning, Data Analytics, and even scientific applications. So, you can just imagine the power of Python programming language.
And if I talk about JavaScript, only a few pre-configured modules exist. So, this is the major difference between Python vs JavaScript.
JavaScript Makes Web & Mobile App Development Process Smoother
If you're using JavaScript to develop web and mobile applications for your business needs, you're on the right path. JavaScript helps you perform code faster, work quickly, and, yes, manage a large bunch of data.
Compared to JavaScript, Python usually takes more time for web & mobile app development. With its asynchronous nature, JavaScript plays a vital role in offering high-end scalability to business applications to a great extent.
It does not mean that Python is not a good option for application development. Python is essential as it is solely responsible for dealing with server-side development.
However, it provides a stable development environment with leading frameworks like Django, Pyramid, Flask, and many more.
Python VS JavaScript: The Comparison Table
Python
JavaScript
Python is a high-level programming language that is object-oriented.
JS, or Javascript, is a scripting language.
Guido van Rossum is the man behind the invention of Python.
JavaScript was created by Brendan Eich (Netscape), currently maintained by ECMA.
Python is a programming language that is easy to read and maintain code.
JavaScript is completely flexible and so it does not provide easy code readability or code maintainability functionality.
An interpreter is needed to run Python code.
You just need the browser to run Javascript codes.
Python is a dynamically typed language.
JavaScript is a dynamically typed language as well.
Python is best used for server-side scripting.
JavaScript is commonly used for client-side scripting.
By default, Python is encoded as ASCII language.
JavaScript supports UTF-16 encoding.
Python VS JavaScript: Whose the Ultimate Winner?
If I talk about the winner, comparing these two leading technologies cannot be done as it would not be fair enough. Python and JavaScript are inspiring backend technologies but are meant for different perspectives.
Both technologies have their own predictive use cases that make the development process smoother and more efficient.
The distinctions between Python and JavaScript enable them to complement each other seamlessly in the software development lifecycle.
To be precise, JavaScript rules the world for mobile and web app development, while Python rules the ML market for its ease of use and ability to perform data manipulation.
But …but…but…..if you are still confused with Python and JavaScript, feel free to contact Albiorix and get your confusion cleared right away!1
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the top features of Python?
Python is a robust programming language that makes it easy for you to perform the following activities:
Easy to code & read
Its free & open-source platform
Interpreted language
Extensible language
GUI supported language
What are the top features of JavaScript?
Platform independent language
Easily detect user's browser and OS
Best for web and mobile app development
Easily creates web servers and server applications
Can Python do everything JavaScript can?
Python and JavaScript are two prime languages that are minimal. It means that you can efficiently do almost everything with both Python and JavaScript languages as they share common things like lexically scoped, object-oriented, interpreted, functional and imperative programming | eng | 7b4d05cc-a4a3-4d65-bd3a-5e1759a2f7f5 | https://www.albiorixtech.com/blog/python-vs-javascript/ |
Community Impact
Lighting Up The Lock Museum of America
September 2018 - The Lock Museum of America in Plymouth has created an entertaining way for the public to learn about the history of lockmaking – an adventure room. In 2017, the Museum opened The Lock Museum Adventure, an interactive game where puzzles and riddles are deciphered to open locks and antique safes to solve a mystery within five rooms in the Museum.
As this game becomes more popular, more and more visitors are coming to the Museum, which preserves the history of lockmaking, especially its contribution to the industrial heritage of central Connecticut, and houses the largest collection of locks and keys in the United States. To enhance visitor experience and make the exhibits more attractive and easier to see, a $1,500 grant from the Bristol Brass General Grant Fund at Main Street Community Foundation was awarded to the Museum to provide new LED lighting for display cases.
"A town's identity is often defined by its culture and history," stated Susan Sadecki, President & CEO of the Community Foundation. "It is important to keep history alive by providing funding to organizations such as the Lock Museum of America." | eng | 7f449d37-0c8e-4107-9b08-4696ce4bec08 | https://www.mainstreetfoundation.org/lock-museum |
Razer Blade 14: The Ultimate Gaming Laptop
The Razer Blade 14 has set the bar extremely high when it comes to portable gaming laptops, and with good reason. With its thin, sleek design and 4K display, this laptop offers top-of-the-line performance while still maintaining a high degree of portability, making it perfect for taking on the go. To find out more about the and its specs and features, keep reading!
Amazing Design
This laptop was designed for gamers who take their gaming seriously. The Razer Blade 14 is a powerful gaming machine that's compact, lightweight, and engineered with a sleek aluminum unibody design. It comes in three colors – green, orange, and black – to match any gamer's taste or style.
Amazing Sound
The Razer Blade 14 is a gaming laptop with the best sound you can buy. This isn't just because it has two front-firing speakers and a subwoofer, or it uses Dolby Atmos for simulated surround sound. It's also because of the laptop's design.
The Blade 14's speakers are tucked into its sides, so they're closer to your ears than most laptops' bottom-firing speakers. That makes them louder, but also more accurate. They're loud enough that I've had to turn them down in public places like coffee shops, but not so loud that they're distracting or annoying. And their placement means the sound doesn't get muffled by whatever surface the laptop is sitting on — even if it's a soft couch cushion or bed sheet, the sound remains clear and crisp.
The subwoofer adds some low end when needed but mostly serves as an anchor for the rest of the audio spectrum — namely, making sure there isn't too much bass bleeding into other frequencies when the music gets busy with drums and vocals. The result is more balanced than what you'd get from most laptops without dedicated drivers
Comfortable Keyboard and Touchpad Section
The keyboard and touchpad section of the Razer Blade 14 are comfortable to use. The keys are backlit and have a nice tactile feel to them. It's also a good size for anyone with larger hands as well as smaller hands.
The touchpad is also responsive and easy to navigate around your screen. The only complaint that I have about this section of the laptop is that there isn't much room between the keyboard and touchpad sections so it can get uncomfortable if you're using it on your lap or just using it at home because you won't be able to move your mouse around freely like you would on other laptops with more space between these sections.
Get your Razer Blade 14 Today!
For any gamer, regardless of budget or skill level, the Razer Blade 14 is a worthy investment. Its power, size, and technical performance are impressive, while its gaming capabilities make it an especially worthwhile buy—especially at the current price range. Combine that with the high-end features of the chassis and display, and you have a laptop that's worth every penny | eng | 02478cf1-acc2-4fcd-9cc7-f3b61c3b1d1d | https://evedonusfilm.com/razer-blade-14-the-ultimate-gaming-laptop/ |
perfectionWednesday 31 May 2023
Taking accountability of your actions at work is crucial in maintaining your mental health and wellbeing because it allows you to manage your self-development by taking ownership of the things you have control over. A study published by Harvard Business Review found that out of 5,400 business managers, 46% failed to take accountability at work.
What is accountability?
While there are some things in life that we have no control over, there are also many things that we can control. However, people often choose to direct the blame onto someone else rather than taking accountability for their own part in a situation.
.
.
How does accountability affect our mental health?
.
How can we learn to be more accountable?
Observe all of your words and behaviours – Let go of the past | eng | ad999922-2797-4d4d-a5fe-988fc4eafbf1 | https://firstpsychologyassistance.blogspot.com/2023/ |
On this page
The older people have a lot of funeral customs. Those are some of them, when the coffin is going out the door it is the feet goes out first. The coffin is carried a piece of the road. The first part of the coffin which goes into the Herse is the feet, and the first part which goes into the graveyard is the part where the feet are. They shut the doors pull down the blinds when the funeral is passing. If a man meets it on the road he turns back a piece with it. | eng | d2584989-3da7-48c5-8bbc-12eebbaef9f8 | https://www.duchas.ie/en/cbes/5235157/5223557/5243215 |
Welcome to the 43 Distribution lives on master branch of various layers and releases with a
monthly release cycle. 2020.09 was released at the beginning of October, with
lot of new stuff. It can now build weston based graphical images using musl C
library for i.MX8 based images using the gcompat porting library that allows
some glibc APIs to translate to musl APIs. It has also switched to using ZSTD
for compression technology used inside ipk packages, which speeds up image build
times. Optimized version of VLC and ffmpeg for rPI was added. Clang-15 was
updated to latest minor release on 15.x release series.
IoT
We have been focused on a use case where we need to stream high rate (15KHz)
data over USB from a MCU device, so the focus has been improving the Serial MCU
client, figuring out ways to handle high rate data, and a number of bug fixes.
Other
We have been using various note taking systems for reminders, remembering key
points, meeting minutes and so on. There are many systems out there, from simple
text files stored locally, to cloud hosted, feature rich systems offering not
only storing and logging key points, but also organising information in certain
ways that makes it easy to recall relevant portions easily or compose ideas into
larger ideas by defining relationships between notes. It's as if creating an
offline brain system. These tools can be the difference between a successful
person and a not so successful person in future as humans become increasingly
knowledge workers. However, it does have
cognitive overhead;
therefore, it becomes a matter of balancing act, where optimum time is spent
Quote for the week
Go as far as you can see; when you get there, you'll be able to see further.
-Thomas Carlyle | eng | d35ad332-0e7a-488d-9dc5-43a4d2c5c519 | https://newsletter.tmpdir.org/issues/issue-043/ |
Hi, I am Teacher Ray 👩🏫 and I am from South Africa 🌍. I love everything about culture. Through teaching, I will get to meet people from all different walks of life and learn about other cultures. I enjoy teaching children as I have two little boys and understand the importance of patience in the classroom💖.
Me as a Teacher
I am very passionate about teaching. I aim and enjoy to make my classes as educational and fun as possible. Let me help you to improve your English and build confidence. Hope to see you soon.
My lessons & teaching style
I teach using the TPR Method (Total Physical Response). I am a warm and caring teacher who wants all children to be successful learners. I work to create a classroom atmosphere that is stimulating, encouraging, and adaptive to the varied needs of students.
My teaching material
Presentation slides/PPT
Flashcards
Graphs and charts
Image files
Test templates and examples
Video files
English Lessons
Trial Lesson
0 lessons completed
USD 5.00+
Basic English Lesson for children (Foods, fruits, shapes and colors)
A1 - A2
Kids
0 lessons completed
USD 10.00+
Conversational Practice
A1 - B1
Conversation Practice | eng | b0d7e0c0-6077-462e-86c9-37c589ba076c | https://www.italki.com/en/teacher/11529798 |
If you're concerned about website performance, then reducing DNS lookups is an essential step that you can take. DNS (Domain Name System) lookups refer to the process of translating a domain name into an IP address. Each time a browser requests a resource from a domain, it needs to perform a DNS lookup to resolve the domain name to an IP address. DNS lookups can slow down your website's load times, particularly if you're using external resources such as third-party plugins or CDNs.
In this article, we'll provide you with some practical tips on how to reduce DNS lookups and improve your website's performance.
What is a DNS lookup?
A DNS stands for Domain Name System which maintains records pertaining to which domain name maps to which IP address. This is commonly compared to a phonebook in that people's names are associated to a particular phone number. More specifically, a DNS lookup is the process of finding which IP the domain name belongs to. This system allows us to use user-friendly domains such as while still being able to communicate with the server that stores the requested information.
When you enter "example.com" in your address bar, your ISP initiates a DNS query to retrieve the domain's associated nameservers. The server then performs the mapping to the IP address, which allows you to access the website using its domain name. Without the DNS system, you would need to type the IP address (93.184.216.34) to access the site. Imagine how much fun that would be!
The process of performing the DNS lookup falls on the responsibility of the browser. Upon accessing a web page, the browser finds all resources which require a DNS lookup and must wait until the lookup completes before it can download anything.
On average, DNS lookup times can range anywhere from 20-120 milliseconds, but in some cases, they can take several seconds or even longer, particularly if the DNS server is overloaded or experiencing network issues. For optimal website performance, it's generally recommended to aim for a DNS lookup time of less than 50 milliseconds.
DNS lookup example
To demonstrate an example of how DNS lookup time can impact webpage speed we'll run a test of through Website Speed Test.
In KeyCDN's Website Speed Test, the DNS queries are displayed as a light pink bar and are measured in milliseconds. When you conduct the test for the first time, it performs a new lookup and queries the DNS record of each domain to obtain the IP information. However, it does not need to query the DNS on the domain keycdn.com multiple times. This is how DNS operates, and it only needs to query a domain once.
In the given example, there are six queries, but only two DNS queries occur, which is a positive result. If there are more DNS queries, it could indicate a decrease in performance, and you could try to consolidate the different data sources (hostnames).
It is crucial to monitor the DNS lookup time in milliseconds. In total, the DNS lookup time for these resources took 1.46 milliseconds. If the DNS requests exceed 100 milliseconds, it may indicate that you have a slow DNS provider or that there are issues with the DNS provider.
Below is the result we got from another WebPageTest some time ago. The website was not yet as optimized as it is today, and we see a significantly worse performance.
Back then, a total of 32 requests were made, 7 of which required a DNS lookup. In total, the DNS lookup for these resources took 1.23 seconds. As we can see, the time required for a DNS lookup can quickly add up. Therefore, it is important to know how to reduce DNS lookups to improve page speed performance.
How to reduce DNS lookups
To process of reducing DNS lookups is actually quite straightforward. Where things get a little more granular is in optimizing the remaining DNS lookups you just can't do without (we'll cover that in the following section). However, to reduce the number of exisiting DNS lookups follow the suggestions below:
1. Reduce the number of hostnames
Simply reducing the number of hostnames that are used in order to generate your web page is the most straightforward method. Go through your site and audit the hostnames and assets that are triggering requests.
For example, if you are making external requests to generate social icon buttons, fonts, libraries, etc. these all require a DNS lookup. Determine if all of these external resources are in fact necessary and evaluate the cost/benefit ratio between keeping the external resources and the additional loading time that this creates.
Here are some strategies for reducing the number of hostnames on your website:
Consolidate resources: Instead of hosting your website's resources on multiple subdomains, consider consolidating them onto a single domain. This will reduce the number of hostnames and, therefore, the number of DNS lookups required to load the page.
Use a content delivery network (CDN): A CDN can help to reduce the number of hostnames required by serving resources from a network of servers located around the world. Instead of requesting resources from your server, users will request them from the closest CDN server, which can help to reduce latency and improve the speed of your website.
Avoid third-party resources: Third-party resources, such as social media plugins or analytics tools, often require their own hostnames, which can increase the number of DNS lookups required by your website. Try to limit the use of third-party resources whenever possible or consider using a service that provides these resources through a single hostname.
By reducing the number of hostnames on your website, you can help to minimize the number of DNS lookups required and improve the overall performance of your website.
2. Host third party resources locally
Hosting third party resources locally allows you to reduce DNS lookups while garnering better control of how the resource is delivered in general. Using this method, you can define how long the asset should be cached, whether it should be delivered by a CDN, and much more.
Download the files that are being referenced to an external resource and host them on your origin server or CDN. This way, resources will be retrieved without having to make an additional DNS lookup. Storing them on a CDN will help further improve loading times as users will be delivered content from the closest edge server. Additionally, hosting files on a CDN will help take a load off of the origin server.
This method however should not be used in all cases. For example, third party scripts are often times updates frequently therefore if you're hosting the asset locally or on your CDN, you may not be using the most updated script. However, in certain instances, there are ways to host third party scripts and check periodically for updates. Learn more about how to do this for Gravatars, Google Analytics, and font libraries.
Improve the speed of remaining DNS lookups
To reduce DNS lookups by following the suggestions above is a good step towards optimizing the number of lookups required. However, what about optimizing the DNS lookups that are necessary to render the site. There are a number of ways to improve these as well, including:
1. Use DNS cache to your advantage
Thankfully, due to DNS caching DNS lookups are not required every time a browser requests an asset. As long as the cache hasn't expired, the DNS server's cache can provide the hostname to the browser without having to look it up. What defines the length of DNS cache is what's called TTL or time to live.
Not all DNS records should be cached equally. It is based on the type of record you use that should define what its TTL should be. There are no values which are "set in stone" however the following provide a good baseline:
CNAME Records - 24 hours
A and AAAA Records - Anywhere between 5 minutes to 1 hour
TXT Records - 12 hours
MX Records - 12 hours
Note that in many cases (like in the screenshot above) TTL values are shown in seconds instead of minutes or hours so be sure to do the conversion before you define a value.
2. DNS prefetching
Use DNS prefetching to allow the browser to perform DNS lookups in the background while the user browses the current page. Therefore, when the user clicks on a particular link with prefetched resources, they won't need to wait for the DNS lookup to occur. The image below shows how prefetching in general works.
DNS prefetching is very easy to configure and can be added to your link attributes as follows:
3. Minimize the number of CNAME records
CNAME records produce an additional lookup which creates a small amount of added wait time. Having a few CNAME records is normal and you won't experience much change. However, if your setup has multiple CNAME records it may be time to consider removing a few from your DNS setup. That being said, you can use ANAME records instead which give you the same functionality as a CNAME record, but at the root level. Therefore, instead of the following lookup process with a CNAME record:
43200 IN CNAMEyourwebsite.com.
yourwebsite.com. 43200 IN A 192.1.1.1
An ANAME record will return the following:
43200 IN A 192.1.1.1
Furthermore, Cloudflare also provides a solution to this that they call CNAME Flattening.
4. Defer parsing of JavaScript
Deferring the parsing of JavaScript won't necessarily speed up your DNS lookups however it will optimize your above-the-fold content. Therefore visitors will start to see your website being loaded sooner, which helps improve perceived performance. Additionally, deferring the parsing of JavaScript will allow for the important content to first be loaded and then load the non-critical JS
To learn more about how to defer parsing JavaScript, check out this guide.
5. Use a fast DNS provider
Lastly, use a fast DNS provider when looking to optimize your DNS lookups. Although many DNS providers are available, they are not all created equal. Check out our complete guide to the 10 best DNS providers to learn more about what's available and how they compare. Do your research before making a final decision and run some performance tests to compare them against your current DNS provider.
6. Minimize the TTL of DNS records
The TTL, or time to live, of a DNS record determines how long a DNS resolver will cache the IP address associated with a domain name. By setting a lower TTL for your DNS records, you can ensure that changes to your DNS configuration take effect more quickly. This can help to reduce the time it takes for DNS lookups to complete, especially during periods of high traffic or when changes are made to your DNS configuration.
By using these techniques, you can help to optimize the speed of any remaining DNS lookups required by your website, which can help to improve its overall performance and provide a better user experience for your visitors.
Summary
Keeping an eye on and reducing DNS lookups is essential if you want to optimize your site's performance. With so many third party services now available, it's easy to stack up a slurry of external requests which really adds a lot of latency for your website visitors.
By using a CDN, minimizing the number of external resources, using DNS prefetching, reducing the TTL of DNS records, choosing a DNS provider with a global network, and removing unused DNS records, you can help to ensure that your website loads quickly and efficiently.
Remember to regularly review your DNS configuration to ensure that it's up-to-date and correctly configured. By following these tips, you can help to improve your website's performance and provide a better user experience for your visitors. | eng | c5d1a9ae-3765-4f9d-a91b-732e17449a48 | https://www.keycdn.com/support/reduce-dns-lookups |
Tag: recycling
Fashion and sustainability are two concepts that have gained significant attention in recent years. Traditionally, the fashion industry has been associated with a range of environmental and social issues, including … Read More
pollutionrecyclingresponsible fashionsustainability | eng | 7f9ae7b3-76b2-46f4-97ef-6c3138ceb145 | https://www.schooloflivelihood.com/index.php/tag/recycling/ |
Being convicted of a DUI can be a pretty serious situation. Not only can you lose your driver's license and be required to pay some pretty hefty fines, but money paid to a DUI attorney can really add up. While DUIs are taken very seriously, drowsy driving, or driving while very sleepy, but without the presence of medications in the system, is not taken as seriously. According to a poll conducted by the National Sleep Foundation, more than 1/3 of the drivers polled admitted to having fallen asleep while driving in the past. Even though driving while drowsy can result in serious accidents and even fatalities, drowsy drivers are often able to "get away with" causing car crashes because they simply fell asleep. There are two main reasons why.
Inability to test
One reason why a driver that falls asleep at the wheel is not treated in the same manner as someone driving under the influence is because there is no test available to detect sleepiness. Blood tests can detect street or prescription drugs in the blood, but what about a person who is simply sleep-deprived and causes an accident after falling asleep while driving? It is impossible to test, which is why drowsy drivers are often given much lighter sentences.
Improper training
The legal system is all about proving, without a doubt, that a crime or potential crime was committed before convicting a suspect. If a driver informs authorities that he or she fell asleep while driving, most police officers have not undergone training regarding how to handle such a situation. As long as the driver passes the customary sobriety test and no one was seriously injured in the car accident, then most police officers have no choice but to allow the person to go free.
Not all states take drowsy driving lightly
The state of New Jersey is one of the few states with certain laws in effect for those who fall asleep behind the wheel. Due to Maggie's Law, a driver who nods while driving and causes a fatal accident can be charged with vehicular manslaughter. This can land the driver in prison for as long as 10 years, with a fine of $150,000.
The implications of drowsy driving can be just as negative as a person driving under the influence. Despite its similarities to driving on the influence, drowsy driving is hugely under-reported, often enabling drowsy drivers who cause car crashes to receive minimal consequences. Operating a motor vehicle while experiencing excessive sleepiness and then causing a near-fatal or even a fatal car accident is no different, and the law may finally be starting to realize this. Talk to a professional like Blumenauer Hackworth for more information. | eng | f00020c3-6235-42d3-93b9-1630615f403d | http://textnational.com/2014/11/21/drowsy-driving/ |
一般描述
Anti-hepatocyte specific antigen, also known as anti-Hep-Par1 (hepatocyte paraffin 1),recognizes both benign and malignant liver-derived tissues including such tumors ashepatocellular carcinoma. It recognizes both normal adult and fetal liver tissue. The typicalpattern is granular cytoplasmic staining. This antibody is useful in identifying hepatocellularcarcinomas. | eng | 189f6151-bb6c-45fc-83a8-5f6d2a3373b6 | https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/HK/zh/product/sigma/264m9 |
How Do You Feel
"How Do You Feel"
Waking each night at the same hour
4am power
Frustratedly tossing and turning
mindlessness soaring.
No cars passing out on the roads,
the streetlights shine in through my windows,
feels like I'm stuck in a strange limbo
trapped between night and day.
Taking slow deep breaths
eyes so tired but no regrets
I feel like my bed is my body.
24th January 2023. | eng | ca3963d7-69d0-4400-8c19-424a90250a27 | https://www.poetrysoup.com/poems_poets/poems_by_poet_read.aspx?ID=158656 |
Inventory Management
What is inventory management?
Inventory management is the practice of controlling the flow of goods and materials through a business. The goal of inventory management is to ensure there's always enough stock available to fulfil customer orders while minimising the risks and costs of holding inventory.
Successful inventory management oversees the entire movement of goods, from purchasing right through to sale. Effective control measures and regular inventory audits ensure you always have the right quantities of items in the right place ready to meet demand.
In this inventory management guide:
Inventory management definition
Inventory management is defined as the process of tracking the goods and materials used by a business to produce or sell products. Its purpose is to maximise supply chain efficiency while reducing inventory carrying costs.
In practice, inventory management is a broad-ranging discipline. It determines how you track and control yourbusiness's inventoryas it's bought, manufactured, stored, and sold. That's why every business that deals in physical goods needs inventory management.
What is the inventory management process?
The inventory management process involves tracking and controlling stock as it moves from your suppliers to your warehouse to your customers.
The five stages in the inventory management process:
Purchasing
Production
Stock control
Order management
Reporting
Before we break these steps down, here's an example that demonstrates how the inventory management process works in a real-life scenario.
Inventory management example: Sam's Chairs
Sam decides to set up a business selling her handcrafted dining chairs.Each chair she makes requires 6 sizes of wood, plus a cushion.
She goes to her supplier and buys 10 planks of each size of wood she needs, plus 10 cushions. These are all now included in her inventory.
As she turns raw materials into chairs and then sells them, Sam's inventory levels will change. She'll need to keep track of:
How much material she has
How many chairs she can make
How fast she can make them
On top of that, she needs to manage customer orders and monitor her business's performance. Oh, and she needs to know where everything is.
The process of managing all these tasks is called inventory management.
If that sounds complicated, don't worry – let's dive a little deeper into the process.
Stage 1: Purchasing
Purchasing is the process of sourcing and buying the goods, materials, equipment, and services required to produce and sell products.
The purchasing manager or purchasing team raises a purchase order – a legally binding document outlining what the purchasing business needs – which is sent to a supplier. The supplier fulfils the order and delivers the goods or service on the agreed due date.
Inventory management informs how much inventory should be ordered, when to order it, and where costs can be saved.
Stage 2 (optional): Production
Production or manufacturing is the process in which your finished product is created from its constituent parts. Not every company will get involved in manufacturing — wholesalers, for instance, might skip this step entirely.
All of the parts, materials, sub-assemblies, and components used to produce a product must be tracked, typically via a document called a Bill of Materials, so that a business has an accurate understanding of production capacity and costs.
Stage 3: Stock control
Stock control is the step in inventory management that deals with goods and raw materials once they've been purchased or made by a business before they're sold. It involves organising where and how inventory is stored and keeping each product line within its minimum and maximum levels.
This part of the inventory management process requires effective auditing of stock levels and warehouse optimisation. The goal of stock control is to ensure the right quantities of goods are stored in the right location to facilitate efficient order fulfilment.
Stage 4: Order management
Inventory management also crosses wires with sales in a process called order management. Order management refers to the processing and fulfilment of customer orders.
There are several steps in the order management process, including:
Order picking
Packing
Shipping
Returns management
Customer service
Warehouse management
Because customer satisfaction is a major factor in the success of any business, order management plays a critical role in inventory management and should be frequently optimised for efficiency.
Stage 5: Inventory reporting
Inventory reporting is the recording and analysis of key sales and inventory data to make the best decisions at any given time. It involves tracking multiple inventory metrics to accurately understand the costs that go in and out of a business.
Reporting feeds directly into important inventory optimisation processes, such as demand forecasting and inventory planning, to enable a business to ensure the right budget allocation and systems are in place for maximum success.
Inventory management techniques
No matter the size of your business, employing some of these commoninventory management techniquescan be a great way to take control of your stock. Here are a few key inventory management techniques to consider.
Just-in-time inventory
Just-in-time (JIT) inventory involves holding as little stock as possible, negating the costs and risks involved with keeping a large amount of stock on hand. The premise is that goods and materials are ordered and used only when they are needed.
While this technique works well in minimising waste and reducing inventory carrying costs, it can lead to painful understocking problems if not managed carefully.
Just-in-case stock control
Just-in-case (JIC) stock control is an inventory management technique deployed to protect against unexpected demand surges and supply chain disruptions. It enables businesses to reduce the risk of stockouts – and the lost sales that come with them – as well as negotiate fairer prices with suppliers.
The major downside of the inventory technique is that it can result in serious cash flow issues as a business's capital becomes tied up in unsold inventory.
ABC inventory management
ABC inventory analysis aims to identify the inventory that is earning you profit by classifying goods into different tiers. It's loosely based on the Pareto principle – the concept that the majority of successes come from a minority of efforts.
This inventory management technique enables you to make informed decisions around budget allocation, marketing, and purchasing at the product level.
Dropshipping
Businesses that use dropshipping essentially outsource all aspects of managing stock. Products are stored and managed by your supplier until they're sold: when a customer places an order with you, you pass that order on to your supplier and they ship the goods directly to your customer.
While dropshipping means you save on overheads and carrying costs, the major downside of this technique is that it often gives customers a poor experience and leaves no room for quality control before items are shipped.
Vendor-managed inventory
Vendor-managed inventory, or the consignment inventory management technique, allows a consignor, usually a wholesaler, to give their goods to a consignee, usually a retailer, without the consignee paying for the goods upfront.
The consignor still owns the goods, and the consignee pays for the goods only when they actually sell.
Cross-docking
Cross-docking is an inventory management technique that virtually eliminates the need to hold inventory.
Products are delivered to a warehouse where they are sorted and prepared for shipment immediately. They're usually then reloaded into other trucks at the same warehouse and sent out for delivery immediately.
Cycle counting
The inventory cycle count technique involves counting a small amount of inventory on a specific day without doing an entire stocktake. This method helps your business regularly validate accurate inventory levels in your inventory management software.
Economic order quantity (EOQ)
The economic order quantity is the optimal order quantity at any given point in time. An optimal EOQ minimises total holding and ordering costs. As an inventory management technique, EOQ involves using a specific formula to calculate ideal reorder quantities for each SKU. In doing so, you can ensure the efficiency of your replenishment process.
First in, First, out (FIFO)
FIFO is an inventory costing technique used to measure the value of inventory stock. In FIFO, the items purchased or produced first in a specific product line are the first to be sold to customers.
This technique facilitates easy inventory accounting and ensures you are assigning the correct value when calculating the cost of goods sold (COGS). However, it can be unsuitable for volatile pricing and is more complex than other inventory management techniques.
Last in, First out (LIFO)
LIFO is an inventory costing technique that, unlike FIFO, involves selling the most recently purchased or produced items first and retaining older items until newer ones have been sold.
There are several downsides to this technique: namely, it gives an inaccurate picture of the value of inventory in a business and is not accepted under the International Financial Reporting Standards or the tax laws of many countries.
Why inventory management is so important
Inventory management is important because it directly impacts how profitably a business operates on any given day. Stock control and order management touches on multiple parts of an organisation – from the warehouse to the CEO.
In addition to the benefits we'll cover below, the risks of poor inventory management can have a detrimental impact on any business.
A study by McKinsey & Company recently found that retailers are sitting on $740 billion in unsold goods – that's in the United States alone. Effective inventory management prevents overstocking of unsold products, freeing up capital and resources better allocated to growth activities.
1. Inventory management keeps your customers happy
For a consumer, a late delivery might mean an inconvenience. For a business, it can mean lost sales and profits.
Inventory management dictates:
How quickly you get your products to your customers
How reliably you can fulfil orders
How much visibility you can give your customers
Your customers will be much more likely to come back for more if they know your organisation can consistently deliver orders on time and let them know what's available. This is especially true for business-to-business transactions.
2. Inventory management helps you grow
As businesses scale in complexity, their inventory management requirements get more complex as well. New product lines, new staff, new production facilities, and new customers mean new challenges to managing inventory.
The solution is to be proactive.
Putting an effective stock system in place early is key. The later you leave it, the longer it will take and the more it will cost — and the less time you'll have to do it.
3. Inventory management improves your bottom line
Inventory management can also bring several direct benefits to your business's bottom line, for example:
It enables you to add new products and sales channels, analyse performance, and empower salespeople with up-to-date product information to grow sales revenue.
It eliminates the inefficiencies that lead to lost stock, overstocking, and stockouts — reducing holding costs and growing margins.
It minimises the time and labour ordinarily spent on inventory admin, reducing staff and overhead costs.
Inventory management works alongside purchasing and supply chain management to lower the cost and effort required to prepare goods for sale. Effective inventory management will mean you're paying less for goods and making more profit selling them.
Inventory management methods
There are two common methods or systems for managing inventory: Periodic and Perpetual. Let's explore the differences.
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Periodic inventory management
In periodic inventory management staff physically count every item in stock at the end of a set time – typically once per accounting period. This provides an ending inventory balance, which can be compared to the opening balance to calculate an average inventory figure.
The average inventory can then be used in conjunction with inventory accounting metrics such as Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) to calculate figures such as the inventory turnover ratio.
Periodic inventory management challenges
Periodic inventory management is time- and labour-intensive. Because it requires a physical hand-count of products, it can only be done at semi-regular intervals given the staff cost and time required.
Additionally, as a periodic count can only be performed at intervals, the data it produces is less granular than data from perpetual inventory management.
Inventory management strategies
There are myriad strategies for storing and selling your products better. When deciding which to implement, consider your overarching business goals and the resources available to you.
Let's look at a few of the most effective inventory management strategies in business.
Demand planning
Demand planning is when a business attempts to predict what future customer demand will be for each product they sell. This strategy enables businesses to better allocate their spending and resources and understand upcoming storage requirements.
Planning begins with data analysis, which feeds into forecasting – predicting demand based on historical data and market trends – and extends to procuring the right suppliers and organising the warehouse (or investing in a new one).
Inventory optimisation
Inventory optimisation is applying a calculated approach to inventory management to keep costs and excess inventory low while improving customer satisfaction and fulfilment times. It also focuses on ensuring there is enough capital available in a business to facilitate healthy growth.
If inventory management is the tracking and organisation of inventory within a business, inventory optimisation is the strategy used to audit how efficiently those processes are being carried out.
Warehouse optimisation
Warehouse management plays a critical role in managing inventory effectively. By optimising your warehouse layout, processes, and staff training you can minimise the time and cost of labour efforts required to manage inventory.
1. Focus on your needs
A warehouse full of inventory can be daunting to manage.
One way of making it easier is to identify the items that are the most important and focus on them first. It's highly unlikely that every item in your warehouse will have the same demand from customers.
Keep the top-selling items in stock, and you'll have made a great start at keeping your customers happy.
3. Optimise your inventory control process
Dealing with different order quantities, replenishment cycle times, safety stock, forecasts, and seasonality be complicated. But it doesn't have to be.
Tweak each operation according to your specific business — making sure to keep track of what works and what doesn't. Making a dramatic improvement in one area can be better than a few small improvements across the board.
4. Use real-time data
Information is a powerful tool, but only when it's accurate and up to date.
Real-time data and analytics — from layered inventory tracking right through to forecasting data, automatic ordering and individualised safety stock — can make a real difference to your business.
For the most accurate data, consider using perpetual inventory management software, as it is the best way to ensure the information you need is always at your fingertips.
5. Take your inventory mobile
Sales apps, meanwhile, empower salespeople with inventory data on the road. You no longer need to be tethered to a computer in your warehouse. You can keep track of key business processes from home, on holiday, or wherever you are.
6. Develop an inventory management system
Managing your inventory on an ad-hoc basis will only get you so far. To consistently keep on top of your stock, you'll need an inventory management system. Every company will have its own unique needs, so pick a system that matches your business.
Inventory management examples in business
Inventory management can look a little different depending on the size and industry of your business. To better highlight these contrasts, let's explore some of the more common inventory management examples you're likely to encounter.
Retail inventory management
In the retail sector, inventory management largely deals with the tracking of merchandise inventory – that is, finished goods ready for sale.
Retail inventory management is typically a fast-moving environment. Products on shelves need to be replaced promptly to avoid missed sales. Because the need to meet customer demand is especially high for retail shops, retailers must walk a fine line between running out of stock and carrying more inventory than they can manage.
Warehouse inventory management
Warehouse inventory management is perhaps the most known example of inventory management in a business. This refers to the controlling of goods and materials inside a warehouse – a facility specifically designed for holding inventory.
Wholesalers and large retailers or distributors are most likely to use warehouse inventory management because they typically hold more stock than smaller operations.
The good news is that the challenges and solutions are largely the same. Multichannel inventory management allows sellers to connect all their sales channels in one place, making it a top-priority feature in ecommerce inventory software.
Manufacturing inventory management
Manufacturing inventory management is a core function of production management and involves several unique aspects – specifically, the control of the various raw materials, components, and assemblies required to build a product.
This example of inventory management comes with a long history of optimisation efforts, as manufacturing businesses frequently seek to create a lean business environment.
A large part of manufacturing inventory management is the elimination of wasteful activities and the reduction of costs associated with holding and creating goods.
Best inventory management software
The following are some of the most popular inventory management software vendors. To keep it unbiased, we've included their ratings across three major software review platforms: Trustpilot, Capterra, and the Xero App Store.
Here's what they represent:
Trustpilot can be used to gauge the customer service quality of the provider and how reliably they satisfy their users.
Capterra can be used to gauge the functionality of the software and how well it performs.
Xero App Store can be used to gauge how effectively the software integrates with accounting software – a crucial feature for optimising your inventory management.
Note: Some of the providers listed below offer ERP software – these vendors do not have a Xero App Store rating because their built-in finance features negate the need for accounting integrations.
MRPeasy
MRPeasy is a small-business platform, pitching itself specifically for manufacturers with just 10 to 200 employees. As such, simplicity is one of its selling points, with drag-and-drop functionality being one example of its different design choices from competitors'.
Cin7 Core (formerly DEAR)
Cin7 is a well-known brand on the global market, focused on helping multi-channel businesses integrate their different platforms. It has two key products, Cin7 Core and Cin7 Omni, tailored to smaller businesses and scaling businesses respectively. Cin7 Core represents their acquisition of DEAR Systems – a popular inventory management software.
Netsuite
Netsuite advertises itself as the number one cloud ERP suite and is used widely across the world. Like most ERP platforms, Netsuite has produced a great many different apps to control essentially every business function, of which inventory management is one.
SAP Business One
Sap B1 is an Enterprise Resource Management Software (ERP) tool targeted at small to medium businesses, though is more suited to to the larger end of that market due its costs and complexity. SAP B1 boasts an inbuilt accounting system and advanced features for manufacturers such as Materials Resource Planning (MRP) though these are now relatively dated tools compared to other software offers on the market.
Zoho Inventory
Zoho Inventory bills itself as an inventory platform for small or growing businesses. It's just one component in the broader Zoho software suite, which also includes modules for marketing, sales, customer support and legal.
Odoo Inventory
Odoo is a broad ERP business software suite consisting of many different apps – finance, sales, website design, as well as inventory management. It's an open-source package, uncommon among inventory apps, with a focus on ease of use.
Katana MRP
Another inventory option, this time targeted more specifically at the needs of manufacturers. Katana MRP was founded in 2017 in Estonia, making it one of the more recent of the SaaS inventory management tools on the market.
Warehouse robotics: Technology systems designed for automating various warehouse processes. For example, the picking and packing process.
Types of inventory management
Inventory management must be flexible to work inside so many different business models. As a result, it comes in all shapes and sizes.
Traditional inventory management
Traditional inventory management refers to paper- or spreadsheet-based systems where inventory is managed manually. This type of inventory management is best suited to very small businesses with fewer materials and products to manage.
Automated inventory management
Automated inventory management involves the use of modern inventory systems, such as software and barcode scanners, to streamline or eliminate the tedious manual processes involved with managing goods.
Consignment inventory management
Consignment stock is goods held by one business but owned by another – typically the wholesaler or manufacturer – and management of this inventory, therefore, requires special considerations.
ERP inventory management
An expensive alternative to inventory software, ERP systems are a type of software platform that integrates inventory management with finance, logistics, accounting, planning, and other key business functions.
3PL inventory management
Third-party logistics (3PL) inventory management is a type of inventory control that enables a business to track and manage stock held by a fulfilment service provider – often across multiple 3PL warehouses.
Inventory management in accounting
Inventory accounting deals with valuing and accounting for changes in assets.
In accounting, inventory includes goods in three stages of production: raw materials, in-progress goods, and finished goods.
An accurate inventory accounting system keeps track of changes to inventory at all three stages and adjusts asset values and costs accordingly.
Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) formula
It's important to buy the right amount of inventory stock – neither too little, nor too much. Use the EOQ formula to determine the optimal order quantity – one that minimises the costs of ordering, receiving and holding inventory.
Where:
D is the setup cost per order; this typically includes shipping and handling costs
K is the demand rate (your quantity sold per year)
H is the holding cost per year per unit
Days Inventory Outstanding (DIO) formula
The Days Inventory Outstanding formula goes a step further than the inventory turnover ratio by putting the figure into a daily context and providing a more accurate picture of a company's inventory management and overall efficiency. Generally a low DIO is preferred but to make sense of it, you need to take into account the industry and market dynamics.
Where:
Average inventory = (Beginning inventory + Ending inventory) / 2
COGS is your cost of goods sold
Days in Period is the number of days in the timeframe that you want to measure, whether it's weekly, quarterly or annually
Safety stock formula
Knowing how much buffer stock to hold will help your business navigate safely through demand and lead time fluctuations. It might seem daunting but all you need to know are your purchase and sales orders history.
Reorder point formula
Use the reorder point calculation to determine when to reorder stock. Small business owners often rely on intuition and past experience to know when to place another order, but as the business grows, this quickly becomes unsustainable.
Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) formula
Use the cost of goods sold formula to calculate the cost of producing and selling specific goods – and your overall production costs. This formula is essential in inventory management and plays a major role in most inventory accounting activities.
Glossary: inventory management terms
Let's look at some of the basic terminology and formulas you need to know before diving deeper into inventory management systems.
Cost of goods sold
Cost of goods sold (COGS), otherwise known as cost of sales, refers to the direct costs of producing goods. This includes the cost of the materials and labour directly used.
Days inventory outstanding (DIO)
Days Inventory Outstanding, also known as Days Sales of Inventory, is used to measure the average number of days a company holds inventory before selling it.
Finished products
Finished products, or finished goods inventory, refers to the number of manufactured products in stock that are ready to sell.
Inventory software
A software system for tracking inventory levels, orders, sales and deliveries. It can also be used in production to create a bill of materials and other production-related documents.
Lead time
In an inventory management context, lead time is the period between an order being placed to replenish inventory and when the order is received.
Point of sale (POS)
The point of sale, or point of purchase, is the time and place in which a retail transaction is completed. It usually involves an invoice and options to make payment.
Purchase order (PO)
A purchase order is a document created by a buyer and sent to a vendor requesting goods or services. The buyer will, at a minimum, specify what products are being ordered, the quantity, the agreed price, and delivery and payment terms.
Reorder point
This is the level of inventory which triggers an action to replenish it. It is a minimum amount of stock a business needs to have, such that, when stock falls to this amount, the item must be reordered.
Safety stock
This refers to a buffer or reserve of critical stock that is held to protect against unforeseen supply or demand pressures.
Sales channels
A way of bringing products or services to market so that consumers can buy them. Sales channels can be direct if it's selling directly to consumers, or indirect if an intermediary is involved.
Stock levels
Otherwise known as inventory levels, stock levels are the quantity of goods or raw materials kept on the premises of a business.
Supply chain
A supply chain is a system of organisations, people, activities and resources involved in supplying a product or service to a consumer.
Inventory management systems
Deciding when to invest in inventory management software is a key step in the growth of your company.
Inventory management FAQs
Inventory is the goods that your company handles with the intention of selling. It might be raw materials that you buy and turn into something entirely new, or it might be a bulk product that you break down into its constituent parts and sell separately.
'Inventory' and 'Stock' mean slightly different things. Stock generally means finished goods ready for sale, while inventory refers to stock, plus all the other kinds of inventory – especially components, parts or ingredients that go on to become stock. | eng | 3daa4071-63c7-4718-8d93-610051a9310b | https://www.unleashedsoftware.com/inventory-management-guide |
National Police (Police Nationale): The civil law enforcement agency of France, with jurisdiction over cities and large towns Chart. Some 600 single men and 240 families, including many hoping to … Number of assaults recorded by police per 100,000 population Crime levels: Level of crime. 1. Criminal inquiries are conducted under the supervision of the judiciary (depending on the phase, under the supervision of the public prosecutor or of an investigative judge). Police in France. This corp of the Paris Police can be considered equal in importance to the higher commissioned ranks of a military force and performs very serious nature tasks for the welfare of the city. The powers of French police and gendarmerie forces are constrained by statute law. Bilingual officers are either placed on reception at the stations or patrol the streets. Europe Why French police officers keep committing suicide. The number of police officers, police staff, police community support officers (PCSOs), traffic wardens and special constables is published every six months – at the end of March and September – by the Home Office. If you were not born in France, attach a copy of an i.d. Dammer, H. R. and Albanese, J. S. (2014). The other main agency is the military Gendarmerie, with primary jurisdiction in smaller towns and rural and border areas. For greater threats the police use slightly modified Ruger Mini-14s purchased in the 1970s. Fine to be paid on the spot. Check here for more. The forensics service of the police is called Police technique et scientifique (Technical and Scientific Police). In the National Police, these are qualified as OPJs: non-commissioned officers having completed three years of service, nominally designated by a joint decision by the ministers of justice and of defense. Prior to 1995 two civilian corps ("Inspecteurs" and "Enquêteurs") existed in which plainclothes officers were given the training and authority to conduct investigations. Points lost if french driving licence. In case a suspect has been apprehended by an APJ, he or she must be brought before an OPJ which will in turn have to inform the public prosecutor. Only OPJs may serve search (this includes anybody search more invasive than external palpation) and put somebody in custody ("garde à vue") for 24 hours; APJs may only assist them in these tasks. "Number of crimes and offenses reported to the police and authorities in France in September 2019, by type." The Prefecture of Police of Paris provides policing services directly to Paris as a subdivision of France's Ministry of the Interior. Many other countries have followed the French model and have established separate police agencies with the same role but different jurisdictions. In 1951, a standardisation was performed on the RR 51 pistol[9] in 7.65×17mm and on the MAS-38 and MAT-49 for submachine guns. The police purchased more pistols in late 2018 possibly indicating they intend them to be used beyond 2022. A local precinct of the "police nationale" (called commissariat) or the "gendarmerie nationale" (called brigade) may not be capable of conducting complex investigations. In 2003 both agencies made the biggest small arms contract since the Second World War[10] for about 250,000 SIG Sauer Pro SP 2022s, a custom-tailored variant of the SIG Pro, replacing the PAMAS-G1 and several other pistols in service. Inspecteur général (Inspector General) This is the equivalent of a Deputy Commissioner in Metropolitan Police of London. They include: These actions must follow the rules given in the Code of Penal Procedure (Code de procédure pénale), articles 12 to 29. Download, fill out (use black ink) and sign the following application form (only in French). Until 1984, the National Police were involved in prehospital rescue operations and casualty transport (called police-secours). Upon calling, you'll be connected to the appropriate emergency police service nearest to your location – be that the Police Nationale, which is responsible for urban areas, or the Gendarmerie Nationale, which covers rural regions. Both the police and the gendarmerie have crowd and riot control forces: the CRS (Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité) for the police, the gendarmerie mobile for the gendarmerie. The gendarmerie has the foremost and best-known, the GIGN; the police have the RAID and the BRI groups. The National Police comes under the management of the Ministry of the Interior ( Ministère de l'Intérieur ) and is responsible for security operations (patrols, traffic control, identity checks) and conducting criminal enquiries. In the early 1960s, large-caliber revolvers were introduced, culminating with the introduction of the Manurhin MR 73 and the Ruger SP101. - You are caught speeding by a speed camera but not arrested with a UK registered car. The quality of officer of judiciary police may be withdrawn by the judiciary if the officer has behaved in an inappropriate fashion. [5], A redistribution of authority was thus decided and implemented between 2003 and 2005. The gendarmerie also has armoured and paratroop squadrons. riot control). A RECORD number of police officers have been injured or killed on the job in a year which has seen massive civil unrest on the streets of Emmanuel Macron's France. The National Police is then sub-divided into (central) directorates which are further composed of sub-directorates : As of 1 July 2008, the following two National Police directorates: were merged into one single domestic intelligence agency titled the Direction centrale du renseignement intérieur (DCRI). Black Lives Matter . Inspector general 3. Furthermore, the shifting of a town from a police to a gendarmerie zone was often controversial, because, typically, a gendarmerie unit serves a wide area. Rural and suburban areas, and some smaller cities with populations ranging from 5,000 to 16,000, are handled by the gendarmerie.[5]. Now the government has bulked up its anti-suicide plan. These prerogatives are temporarily suspended when they engage, in an organized force, in an operation of public order (i.e. In the 2000s, the police started switching to semi-automatic pistols and to the 9×19mm Parabellum cartridge. - You are arrested by the police or gendarmerie for inmoderate speeding (in excess of 50km/h). You can contact the police in an emergency by calling 17 from any phone. French police carried out the first mass arrests in Paris in May 1941when 3,747 men were interned. Two more sweeps took place before the first deportation train provided by French … Through a series of edicts proclaimed between 1536 and 1544, King Francis I instituted the first systematic measures to police France. Criminal inquiries are conducted under the supervision of the judiciary (depending on the phase, under the supervision of the public prosecutor or of an investigative judge). In addition, the police and the gendarmerie have specific zones of authority: In French, the term police not only refers to the forces, but also to the general concept of "maintenance of law and order" (policing). Directeur des services actifs (Director of the Active Services) Equivalent of a Commissioner in London in a British-style police force. There are two types of police in this general sense: Also, the mayor (le maire) has administrative police power in a commune (municipality), which means that he or she can order the police to enforce municipal bylaws. Prior [1] Recently, legislation has allowed local governments to hire their own police officers which are called the "police municipale".[1]. Contrôleur général (Controller General) the equivalent of Chief Constable in British Police Forces, or a Assistant Commissioner in the Metropolitan Police. With the development of suburban dwellings, this had increasingly proved inadequate. This page was last edited on 19 January 2021, at 16:17. Our colleagues at France 2 report, with FRANCE 24's James Vasina. Most of them emigrated from former French colonies in Africa. It's not the first time that France's police have courted controversy. The qualifications of OPJ and APJ can only be exercised if they are affected to a position where these are needed, and, for the OPJs by nominal decision of the general prosecutor of their area. The French … Statista. Immediately Another advantage of the gendarmerie is that, being career soldiers, they have the authority to use armed force in a much less restricted way than the police (in popular culture so-called licence to kill). The 1970s also saw the introduction of automatic rifles and carbines (such as the SIG SG 543) to fend off heavily armed organised crime and terrorism. The police forces in the other départements of the Île-de-France region are under the direct command of a Préfet (Département Prefect), being himself under the supervision of the Préfet de Police as far as the active on-the-field police work is concerned, and under the control of the Director-General for the rest. Note the heterogeneity of local police both in means and in equipment. In order to better fulfill these missions, the Direction Centrale de la Police Judiciaire of the French National Police regroups all the units specialized in criminal enquiries. A judge has police power in his courtroom (i.e. Most criminal enquiries are conducted by the police. The National Police comes under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interiorand has about 145,699 employees (in April 20… The closest American equivalent is the detective branch. October 4, 2019. Their merging has sometimes been suggested. How many are there in France?" The correct answer is 220,000. Justice may choose either service; sometimes, if the judiciary is disappointed by the results or the methods of one service, it may give the enquiry to the other service. France has two national police forces:[1]. There are two national police forces called "Police nationale" and "Gendarmerie nationale". Police said several people have been injured in the attack – but the exact number is still to be confirmed. The procedures that police and gendarmerie officers follow when conducting criminal inquiries are set by the code of criminal procedure (Code de procédure pénale) and applicable jurisprudence The leadership of both agencies is centralized and they both have conventional deviance control responsibilities respectively except in different geographical locations in France. he or she can order people who disrupt the trial to be expelled from the proceedings). The current rules also warrant the completion of an examination pertaining to legal matters. Some sources have claimed the use of the Spectre M4 by the French National Police. Foreign visitors can also have access to bilingual police officers. This graph shows the number of civil servants working in the police force in France between 2012 and 2017, in thousands. In France, the gendarmerie nationale, which is actually a branch of the army, is responsible for road patrols, and gendarmes use both cars and motorcycles. Both the police and the gendarmerie have police tactical units. French riot police today forced more than 1400 migrants out of an illegal camp in Paris which was then destroyed. The remaining members of the National Police, as well as members of municipal police forces, are APJ assistants. Law enforcement in France has a long history dating back to AD 570 when night watch systems were commonplace. The police administrative comprises a variety of actions undertaken under the direction and supervision of the executive branch, notably the prefect, police and gendarmerie forces conduct a variety of actions ensuring public order. The Director-General is personally in command of the General Directorate of the National Police (French: Direction Générale de la Police nationale) (DGPN) and responsible to the Minister of the Interior.[6]. Préfecture de police . In the 80s, a process to standardize revolvers was initiated. Lieutenant (formerly Officier de la paix or Inspecteur), Capitaine (formerly Officer de la paix principal or Inspecteur principal), Commandant (formerly Commandant or Inspecteur divisionnaire), Commandant divisionnaire Same insignia as Commandant but with gold oak leaf, Commandant divisionnaire functionnel Same insignia as Commandant but with silver oak leaf, Commissaire de police (Chief superintendent), Commissaire divisionnaire (Ass. [1][clarification needed] Policing is centralized at the national level. About 1.5 million have roots in Algeria, 1 million in Morocco, and 400,000 in Tunisia. Mouhanna said French police once were very good at managing protests, but a policy set at the highest levels of government to take a hardline approach to crowd control has made French protests increasingly violent in recent years. The French police system The French police under the monarchy. France finally relented last night and allowed the border to reopen for people who have tested negative for coronavirus. The gendarmerie counterpart are the sections de recherche (research sections). The police nationale are under the control of the Interior Ministry and are called agents de police. In the USA, George Floyd, Michael Brown, Breonna Taylor, Eric Garner and too many other Black people who have been killed by police were unarmed. They intervene throughout the country. It is the equivalent of the American CSI Units. According to the law, any citizen can apprehend the author of a crime or of an offense that can be punished by a prison sentence (citizen's arrest) and lead him or her to an OPJ. In that context: The service is commanded by the Director-General (directeur général de la police nationale) who is currently Jean-Marc Falcone. French police maimed almost as many people in the first six months of the gilets jaunes movement as they had in the last twenty years. There are three judiciary qualifications: "officer of judiciary police" (officier de police judiciaire or OPJ), "agent of judiciary police" (agent de police judiciaire or APJ) and "agent of judiciary police assistant" (APJ adjoint). The officers say they themselves face potential violence, but many younger residents feel police checks can easily get out of hand. Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Direction générale des douanes et droits indirects, minister of budget, public accounting and civil servants, It operates mainly on a different framework of the other agencies, Corps of Prison Administration Supervisory Personnel, Direction de la Prévention, de la Sécurité et de la Protection, "Le terme "police municipale" est-il tabou pour Anne Hidalgo? The rules of procedure depend on the stage of enquiry: In particular, except for crimes in flagrante delicto, law enforcement forces may not conduct searches or arrests without a specific commission from the investigative magistrate. The National Police is divided into three corps, in the terminology of the French Civil Service, in ascending order of seniority: Gardien de la paix stagiaire (keeper of the peace, intern") 1st year after school. formulaire_10071-05 (PDF - 38.3 kb) 2. Europe In lockdown: Migrants in France up against pandemic, police abuse. In Paris, you can make a complaint 24 hours a day, 7 days a week at your central police station. [11]. You can make a complaint at any police station or gendarmerie, wherever you are staying or wherever the offence was committed. The gendarmes have free housing facilities inside their respective gendarmerie brigades (precincts) or live in barracks (casernes), which is not the case for the police. During protests in Iran in November 2019, police shot and killed hundreds of protesters who posed no risk, including at least 23 children. In addition, both the police and the gendarmerie maintain laboratories dedicated to forensics. In the latter they are square-shaped. Large conurbations are now handled entirely by the police. Breakdowns are available by gender, ethnicity, rank and police force area. Why are there so many French Muslims? A series of riots in October and … How many are there in France?" The other half received this: "Finland has 7,800 police officers. Some 100,000 police and gendarmes will be out on the streets to enforce the lockdown and check that people carry a signed attestation. French words for police include police, gendarmerie, contrôler, maintenir la sécurité, policières, policiers, commissariats, policière and policé. [1] The Police Nationale is responsible for Paris and other urban areas whereas the gendarmerie is responsible for small towns and rural areas with fewer than 20,000 inhabitants. Fine to be paid, licence confiscated, vehicle might be impounded. "The USA has 794,300 police officers. ", "Le Titus, un blindé de 20 tonnes, est en test à la préfecture de police de Paris", "Gsg9 1/87 Unité spéciale: Véhicules d'intervention du Raid, BRI, GIGN, Police Française", "Renault Twingo Police - Guide Automobiles Anciennes", Legal analysis of the goals of administrative policing, Direction centrale de la police judiciaire, Security Group for the Presidency of the Republic, Co-ordination Unit of the Fight against Terrorism, Central Directorate of the Judicial Police, General Directorate for Internal Security, Directorate-General of Customs and Indirect Taxes, Provisional Government of the French Republic, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Articles needing additional references from May 2019, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles needing reorganization from November 2015, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2015, Articles needing additional references from June 2019, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Articles with dead external links from December 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. There are three main police forces in France: the police nationale, the gendarmerie nationale and the Compagnie Républicaine de la Sécurité ( CRS).French policemen are addressed formally as monsieur/madame l'agent and colloquially called flics (cops), although there are many less polite names. Controller gene… [4] The existence of two national police forces with similar goals and attributions, but somewhat different zones of activity, has at times created friction or competition between the two. Anyone used to one single national police force may struggle with the many different types of officer in France, so here is our guide to who does what in the French police. Prehospital aid is now performed by fire services; however, mountain rescue is shared between the gendarmerie's PGHM (pelotons de gendarmerie de haute montagne, High Mountain Platoons of the Gendarmerie) and the National Police's CRS (compagnies républicaines de sécurité; Republican [national] security companies). They include: The police judiciaire comprise a variety of actions undertaken under the direction and supervision of the judiciary. the police handle questions about the admittance, monitoring and continuing stay of foreigners (border police); positioning riot control forces (CRS or mobile, interrogating suspects in some phases of judicial enquiries. Comparative ranks of French police services. The weapons are planned to stay in service until the year 2022, hence the weapon name. The other main agency is the military Gendarmerie, with primary jurisdiction in smaller towns and rural and border areas. Within these national forces, only certain designated police officers have the power to conduct criminal investigations which are supervised by investigative magistrates. This disposition is rarely used. Courriel (email address)* : Confirmer le courriel (confirm email)* : Upload file (5 MB max) : From 1953, in the context of heightening violence of the Algeria War, CRS units were upgraded to the 9×19mm MAC Mle 1950. The police can stop motorists (called a contrôle) and ask for identification and car papers at any time. Mayors and deputy mayors are OPJs. One reason for giving commission to a military force to handle matters of civilian police is that the military is not allowed to go on strike, contrary to civilian public servants such as the police personnel, which enables the government to always have an instrument of law enforcement at hand. Ministry of the Interior (France). Find more French words at wordhippo.com! However, this is problematic in case of a "simple" citizen due to the estimation of what can be punished by a prison sentence or not, and due to possible abuse (abuses are a restriction of individual freedom and can be sued for illegal confinement). The municipal policemen can notice all the breaches but cannot investigate. While the vast majority of vehicles are screen printed French brand (mainly Renault, Citroën and Peugeot), some service vehicles are provided by Ford and Opel. The hierarchy is from the senior most officers to the junior most and is given as follows: 1. The National Police comes under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior and has about 145,699 employees (in April 2008). These ministerial nomination decisions may only be taken after the approval of a specific commission. The suicide rate among the French police has been stubbornly high for many years. There are also local police in the rural zones, as for the rural policemen the police rurale as such does not exist. Many killings by the police that we have seen around the world clearly do not meet this criteria. Law practitioners and law students need to be aware that the French legal system, based on a code of law, is in many ways substantially different to the "common law" legal systems practiced in the English-speaking countries. All the ranks insignia may be worn either on the shoulders or on the chest. Within this corp, there are 5 different police officers that perform their own set of duties. Young French citizens can fulfill the mandatory service Service national universel (SNU) in the police force.[4][5]. For some years, the standard sidearm in the National Police and the Gendarmerie Nationale was the PAMAS G1, which was French licensed and made. Plainclothes officers or specialised branches use vehicles from a variety of manufacturers. The National Police operates mostly in large cities and towns. The general prosecutor grades OPJs and these grades are taken into account for possible promotions. For this reason, both the police and the gendarmerie maintain regional services dedicated to criminal investigations (police judiciaire); these are known as "regional services of judiciary police" (Services régionaux de la Police judiciaire) in the police, "research sections" (Sections de recherche de la Gendarmerie nationale) in the gendarmerie. The procedures that police and gendarmerie officers follow when conducting criminal inquiries are set by the code of criminal procedure (Code de procédure pénale) and applicable jurisprudence. It displays that the number of police … Depending on legal status of cases, not all law enforcement officers are able to act; some powers are restricted to those with special legal qualifications (see next section). More modern long guns like Remington 870, HK UMP and HK G36 are also issued. The National Police also features some central offices with national jurisdiction, charged with specific missions, such as the national anti-terrorist division. Preliminary enquiries: it is unclear whether a crime, or which crime, has been committed, but there exist good reasons to believe this might be the case. In 1947 after a series of industrial strikes, a sub-directorate of Republican Security Companies (CRS) was formed as a general reserve of the National Police. "I think many police officers don't want to [blind] demonstrators, but they don't have any right to negotiate with these people," he said. Chief Constable). How many police there are and what they do. The Préfet de Police, currently Didier Lallement, under direct orders of the Minister of the Interior, manages the Préfecture de Police de Paris which includes all police and security services in Paris and neighbouring départements, those services not being under the control of the Director-General. In France, police also receive many complaints of Islamophobia and anti-Semitism and criticism of the ferocity with which they tackle Islamic extremism. Director of the active services 2. This is the department which is the fusion of directorate of training of the national police and the directorate of administration of the national police. After the liberation of France, the Ministry of the Interior took over direction of the national police (Sûreté Nationale 1944 – 1966), a key development in the centralisation of the French police system (Stead 1983). To obtain a French Police clearance certificate (called extrait de casier judiciaire in French), you need to take the following steps : 1. Most other members of the National Police and gendarmerie are APJs. Procedure. For many migrants still camped out in Calais and Dunkirk, the coronavirus pandemic has exacerbated an already dire situation. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Direction de l'administration de la police nationale, Direction de la formation de police nationale, Direction centrale de la police judiciaire, Direction centrale de la sécurité publique, Direction centrale de la police aux frontières, Inspection générale de la police nationale, Direction centrale des compagnies républicaines de sécurité, Service de coopération technique internationale de police, Service de protection des hautes personnalités, Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion, Direction centrale de la Police judiciaire, Direction Régionale de Police Judiciaire de Paris, Sous-Direction de la lutte contre la criminalité organisée et la délinquance financière, Sous-Direction de la police technique et scientifique, Sous-Direction de lutte contre la cybercriminalité, Groupes d'Intervention de la Police Nationale, Direction générale des Douanes et Droits Indirects, Groupe de Sécurité de la Présidence de la République, Direction de la surveillance du territoire, Direction centrale des renseignements généraux, Direction centrale du renseignement intérieur, "Police Nationale - Une force d'action et de protection au service de tous", "Loi du 23 avril 1941 portant organisation générale des services de police en France", "France begins trial of compulsory civic service for teens", "France's raw recruits sign up for return of national service", "Direction des Ressources et des Compétences de la Police Nationale / Organisation - Police nationale - Ministère de l'Intérieur", "Official announcement of the DCRI's launch on the website of the French Ministry of the Interior", Official site of the French National Police, Official site of the French Ministry of Interior, Security Group for the Presidency of the Republic, Co-ordination Unit of the Fight against Terrorism, Central Directorate of the Judicial Police, General Directorate for Internal Security, Directorate-General of Customs and Indirect Taxes, National law enforcement agencies of France, Articles needing additional references from January 2008, All articles needing additional references, Pages using law enforcement agency with local civilian police general nature, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, General Directorate of the National Police, This page was last edited on 11 February 2021, at 14:33. 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An Introduction to Post-Quantum Public Key Cryptography
Key Takeaways
Quantum computers pose a serious threat to today's digital security due to their ability to factor numbers into primes much faster than their classical counterparts.
Shor's and Grover's algorithms provide the mathematical foundations for quantum computers' threat to current encryption.
While Shor's algorithm could be used to target asymmetric key cryptography, Grover's could impact symmetric key cryptography.
A number of approaches have been proposed for Post-quantum Public Key Cryptography, as well as new solution based on Quantum Key Distribution.
Organizations and government agencies should already be preparing for Post Quantum cryptography and have all the required processes in place to assess the new cryptography standards when they become available.
Quantum computers are not yet commercially ready and not easy to build, but they promise to outperform today's existing supercomputers1. History has proved that technology that seems complex today will reach commercial use in the future, and building quantum computers and using them is surely not feasible now, but that might not always be the case in the future. In fact, many organizations like Google, IBM, Microsoft are doing a lot of research to bring quantum computers into being for practical use.
If quantum computers become ready for commercial application, what will be their use, and what impact will they have? Foreseeably, their use is going to be enormous, and this may benefit many industries and even change our lives. Some of the areas that could benefit are artificial intelligence and machine learning, computational chemistry, drug design, weather predictions, and the list goes on6.
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Though there are a lot of benefits to be expected from quantum computers, they pose a huge risk for public key cryptography, which is the backbone of all secure connections on the internet today.
In this article, we will discuss the impact quantum computers are predicted to have on public key cryptography based on the topics listed below:
Quantum computers
Public key cryptography
Quantum threat to PKI
Shor's and Grover's Algorithm
Post-quantum Cryptography
Post-quantum Migration
Quantum computers
Though quantum computers are in their initial stage, the research and the speed at which the inventions are taking place can make them operational in a decade or two3. Quantum computers can replace supercomputers, which are classical computers with thousands of classical CPU and GPU cores. In 2017 IBM started working with clients on a new generation of electric vehicles with quantum battery technology aimed to reduce atmospheric carbon emissions using quantum computing-aided material discovery5.
Quantum computers are systems that use the properties of quantum states to perform computations. In today's computers and PDA devices, the data is represented in bits as 0 or 1, but in quantum computers, 0 and 1 exist simultaneously in different combinations at the same time. The ability to exist simultaneously at the same time is called superposition2.
Quantum bits are constituted of a physical system made from the spin of an electron or the orientation of a proton. Electrons, when they spin, behave like tiny magnets, and this orientation always results in 0 pointing up and 1 pointing down. Similarly, a photon behaves like an electromagnetic field with 0 as horizontal polarization and 1 as vertical polarization. These properties of spin and orientation can be found in many different arrangements, forming the basis for quantum computing and linked together with a property known as quantum entanglement2.
In the rest of the article, we will see how quantum computers are going to impact public key cryptography which is the backbone of all secure connections.
Public key cryptography
Public key cryptography (PKC) is the basis for today's secure interactions over the Internet. Public key cryptography is asymmetrical, meaning it uses two keys: one is public, which is shared with everyone, and the other is a private key used by the system to prove its identity. The client sends a message to the receiver by generating the hash of the message and encrypting it with the public key. The server uses its key, the private key, to decrypt the message, which can be decrypted only by the corresponding private key and not with any other key, even in case of a middle man attack4.
The server proves to the client that it is the intended server and no one else by showing a certificate obtained from the Certificate Authority (CA). The CA follows all required PKI standards and guidelines to issue a certificate to the server and signs it with its private key. The client validates the digitally signed certificate with its trust store, which contains the public keys shared by the CA. Once the certificate has been validated, the client and server establish a symmetric key for the rest of the session because the asymmetric key is slower than the symmetric key.
The keys provided by the CA are used by the algorithm to encrypt and decrypt the plain text. The RSA algorithm, named after its inventors Rivest, Shamir, and Adelman4, is the most used among such algorithms.
The keys, both public and private, are prime numbers. In the asymmetric key setup, two prime numbers are taken, p and q, which constitute the private key. Their product p · q constitutes the public key. It would be easy for small numbers p and q to find its prime factors. For example, if the number 15 was given as the public key, then factoring 15 into prime numbers yields 3 and 5. If the same number has 200 or 400 digits, though, factoring it into its prime numbers is difficult for any current, classical computer, and it would take millions or trillions of years.
Quantum threat to Public Key Cryptography
The difficulty of factoring prime numbers has allowed public key cryptography to work for many decades without any issues. But with the creation of quantum computers, public key cryptography is at risk because factoring large numbers into primes could take only hours. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) predicts3 that quantum computers will be fully operational in a decade, and they will be able to break asymmetric key cryptography. Once factoring becomes possible, encrypted data that is considered safe today will be easily decrypted. In other words, data that are encrypted and stored now can be decrypted once quantum computers are available.
The algorithm used in quantum computers to factor numbers was proposed by mathematician Peter Shor. We will discuss its impact on PKC in the next section, along with Grover's algorithm.
Shor's and Grover's Algorithms
Peter Shor showed4 how to factor a number using quantum computers with the effect of reducing the time required from years down to hours. Shor's algorithm can be used to target asymmetric keys, which are the basis for the PKI. If Shor's algorithm ever becomes practical, then any existing keys and data that are stored anywhere need to be re-encrypted.
Shor's algorithm would impact the key exchange to generate the session keys used to encrypt the data. An eavesdropper can record the encrypted session, and later when quantum computers become available, easily decrypt it. An eavesdropper can also forge the digital signatures a client uses to authenticate the server certificate, resulting in data integrity and authentication loss.
Shor's algorithm consists of the following steps:
Choose a random positive integer m. Compute the greatest common divisor GCD using the euclidean method (m, N) where N is the set of natural numbers N={1, 2, 3, 4, 5…….}. If the greatest common divisor GCD(m, N) != 1, then the value obtained is a non-trivial factor of N. But if GCD(m, N) = 1, then we need to determine the period.
This step involves finding the period r of the function f(x) = a^x mod N., That is, we need to find the smallest value of r such that f(x)= f(x+r). This step can be brought into use only with a quantum computer.
If r is an odd number, then we need to start over from the beginning, else we'll proceed to the next step.
If m^r/2 + 1 = 0 mod N, then we again need to go to step 1, or else we need to compute the greatest common divisor of (m^r/2- 1, N) using the Euclidean algorithm. Finally, we obtain all non-trivial factors of N.
Let's summarize the above steps with an example.
Step 1 - Let the number to be factorized be N, in our case N is 15.
Step 2 - Choose a random number between 1 and N let's call this m, i.e between 1 and 15 let's take m=4.
Step 3 - Find the GCD(N,m). We can use Euclid's Division Algorithm to find it. If GCD is not equal to 1 then it is a factor of N. In our example GCD(15,4) = 1, so we move to the next step.
Step 4 - In this step, we need to find the smallest positive integer r such that, if f(x) = kˣ mod N, then f(a) = f(a+r). This can be achieved in our example as follows.
Step 4.1 - Let's define a variable q=1. Then we will calculate q*m mod N. If the remainder is 1, let's move on to the next step else we repeat the step until we get the reminder 1 by setting the value of q to the reminder we got from the previous step as in:
1 * 4 mod 15 = 4
4 * 4 mod 15 = 1
Since we did two transformations to get the reminder 1, the value of r is 2. If r is odd we go back to Step 2 and choose a different value for m, else we move on to the next step.
Step 5 - To find the factors f1 and f2, we use f₁ = GCD (p+1, N) and f₂ = GCD (p-1, N). To find the value p, we define p equals the remainder in the (r/2)th transformation. In our case, it is 4, i.e the (2/2)th transformation.
Step 6 - The factors of N i.e 15 are
f₁ = GCD (p+1, N), i.e. f₁ = GCD(5,15) = 5.
f₂ = GCD (p-1, N) is f₁ = GCD(3,15) = 3.
Grover's unstructured key search algorithm4, on the other hand, could impact symmetric key encryption. Grover's algorithm uses amplitude amplification to search an item in a list. While it would take a classical computer N/2 or N steps, Grover's amplification trick only requires the square root of N steps. A quadratic speedup is a time saver to search items from a long list, but the algorithm has to be executed sequentially to achieve its full quadratic speedup.
Since much parallel processing happens in quantum computers, Grover's algorithm cannot be applied as it requires serial processing. If serial processing is taken into consideration, then the impact of Grover's algorithm on symmetric key encryption is less relevant, and using AES 128 will remain secure. In fact, the symmetric key used in AES can be brute-forced using Grover's algorithm, in roughly 264 iterations for a 128-bit symmetric cryptographic key, or in roughly 2128 iterations for a 256-bit key. Hence having a symmetric key of double-length will protect from future quantum attacks.
Post Quantum Cryptography
In order to address the challenges posed by quantum algorithms, post-quantum cryptography4 will aim to make it difficult for quantum computers to break digital signatures.
Several post-quantum cryptography (PQC) solutions have been proposed, like Lattice-based, code-based, multivariate polynomial cryptography, and hash-based signatures4. Most PQC algorithms will use a larger key size, for example, AES with keys greater than today's 128-bit keys. If a large key size is required, changes have to be made to various Internet protocols like Transfer Layer Security (TLS) protocol or the Internet Key Exchange. But none of the above proposals have shown to be the perfect solution for quantum threats, as NIST's Report on Post-Quantum Cryptography (NISTIR 81051) concluded.
It is likely we will have different algorithms for different types of applications because of a number of implementation constraints. One such example is the key size: a large key could be suitable for some applications, but not for others. PQC will develop different standards for new applications to be able to defy both traditional and quantum challenges.
While active research is ongoing to find a solution for existing cryptography, another totally different solution has been proposed: Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)4. In a network, when two parties communicate through a secure channel, it is still possible for an evil person to look at the ciphertext. With QKD, an eavesdropper can be detected before sending any secure information and the communication between two parties can be stopped in the first place. When an eavesdropper interferes, it affects the quantum state and thereby two parties will come to know about the alteration.
Quantum Key Distribution is the process of transferring symmetric keys securely during the execution of PQC algorithms. For classical systems, sharing the secret symmetric keys through an untrusted medium is going to be a challenge in quantum times. QKD attempts to solve it. In fact, different key distribution algorithms exist using public key schemes that are not RSA or ECC, but QKD offers security guarantees rooted in the laws of physics. Furthermore, it will be resilient to quantum attacks. The reason for this is QKD is achieved by encoding the data using quantum states of light, which is impossible to break for an attacker5.
In the PQC era, applications should be able to handle more than one cryptographic algorithm to process both quantum and classical ciphers. Using hybrid key mechanisms would enable new applications to safeguard themselves from quantum threats while maintaining the traditional standards. Eventually, organizations need to prepare for new encryption standards.
Post Quantum Migration
The migration from classical cryptography to quantum-safe cryptography has to be done in a staged manner. This includes compiling a list of inventories of applications that will be in use 10 or 20 years from now, as well as preparing migration and execution plans for the implementation of post-quantum cryptography. The organization should consider any new projects in its long-term roadmap with the quantum threat in mind. Migration has to be done with complete knowledge of the assets and evaluating them in view of the quantum threat. In some cases, the organization might depend on 3rd party software which needs to be assessed, and it should be listed as part of the migration plan. In the case of the PKI strategy, for example, the CA does not change, but the implementation will vary.
While preparing the migration plan, a complete assessment has to be done, including deciding whether the application needs to be migrated at all. In fact, some of the systems can be retired or made obsolete during the redesign. Most organizations follow the PKI strategy for their applications, and certificates issued by the CA will need to be re-issued with quantum-safe certificates. The application may need to consider backward compatibility to support hybrid certificates in some cases.
If a PKI is ready to support the new quantum-safe cryptography, the trust certificates and the certificate chain validation must be updated. When the organizations using the PKI are prepared to move to the quantum-safe PKI, the intermediate and root certificates have to be updated in the store. So, the migration plan should consider the CA's migration plan before migrating to quantum-safe PKI. The stored data which are being used in secure communication need to be migrated because they are vulnerable to future quantum attacks. Risk analysis can be performed, and if any in-tangible assets are found, they can be moved to an identified quarantine zone.
The standards are not in place, yet, but the pace of research is growing. The standard will eventually be ready and everyone should be prepared to migrate to it. Once the new standards are put in place, and organizations adhere to the new PKI standards, the users of the certificates and the organizations producing the self-signed certificates should be aware of this change and get ready for the migration. The migration to the new standard involves understanding the existing PKI standards and the quantum-safe standards to come in.
Conclusions
In this article, we provided a short introduction to current PKC architecture and described the impact quantum computers could have on public-key cryptography.
Though quantum computers are in their infancy, their further development could make them commercially available at a reasonable cost, with multifold impact. When that day comes, all public and private keys will be exposed to quantum threats, a massive risk for every organization. Though public key users do not know the internals of how their data is transferred in a secure way, understanding quantum computing growth and the impact it may have on cryptography is key for everyone, irrespective of their role.
Understanding what and how to migrate to the new, yet to come, quantum-safe cryptography standard is vital for everyone, from the CEO to the engineer implementing it. The migration involves budgeting, planning, migrating, developing, implementing, executing, and ensuring a hybrid implementation is in place. | eng | b60b6be2-f88b-44ac-8c78-0484a6fae9ad | http://aim2012.org/index-14.html |
something | eng | b39a36a7-7e43-4a33-bee7-4725716d966e | https://www.1stbraces.com/invisalign-discounts |
PUBERTY AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOR • Girls during puberty • Female secondary sexual characteristics • triggered by increase of estrogen secretion • includes growth of pubic hair, development of breasts, and widening of hips • begins about 10.5 years • continues for about 4 to 5 years
PUBERTY AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOR (CONT.) • Boys during puberty • Triggers an increase in physical growth (height) age 13-14 • Male sexual maturity, includes growth of genital organs • begins around age 11 and continues for approximately three years • sperm production begins around the age 12-14 • Male secondary characteristics • triggered by increased secretion of testosterone; include growth of pubic hair, facial hair, development of muscles, and a change (deepening) in voice • occur between 12 and 16
COGNITIVE & EMOTIONAL CHANGES • Definition • refers to how a person perceives, thinks, and gains an understanding of his or her world through the interaction and influence of genetic and learned factors • Piaget's Cognitive Stages: continued • Stage 4: Formal Operations • last of Piaget's four cognitive stages • extends from about age 12 through adulthood • adolescents and adults develop the abilities to think about abstract or hypothetical concepts • consider an issue from another's viewpoint, and solve cognitive problems in a logical way
COGNITIVE & EMOTIONAL CHANGES (CONT.) • Brain development: reason and emotion • Limbic system: emotional behaviors • teenagers have less control over their emotional and impulsive behaviors • moody, emotional, and impulsive behaviors • involved in a wide range of emotional behaviors, such as: • being ecstatic over getting a date • feeling depressed when failing a test • getting angry when being insulted • increased structure and function of the limbic system accounts for a teenager's irritability as well as increase in aggression in adolescent males
COGNITIVE & EMOTIONAL CHANGES (CONT.) • Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning • Three levels of moral reasoning • Abstract ideas: Postconventional level • stage 5, moral decisions are made after carefully thinking about all the alternatives and striking a balance between human rights and laws of society • stage 6, has been omitted because few people have reached it
COGNITIVE & EMOTIONAL CHANGES (CONT.) • Parenting Styles and Effects • Different styles of parenting • Authoritarian parents • attempt to shape, control, and evaluate the behavior and attitudes of their children in accordance with a set standard of conduct • absolute standard that comes from religious or respected authorities
COGNITIVE & EMOTIONAL CHANGES (CONT.) • Parenting Styles and Effects • Different styles of parenting • Authoritative parents • attempt to direct their children's activities in a rational and intelligent way • supportive, loving, committed, encourage verbal give and take, and discuss their rules and policies with their children
COGNITIVE & EMOTIONAL CHANGES (CONT.) • Parenting Styles and Effects • Different styles of parenting • Permissive parents • less controlling and behave with a nonpunishing and accepting attitude toward their children's impulses, desires, and actions • consult with their children about policy decisions, make few demands, and tend to use reason rather than direct power
PERSONALITY & SOCIAL CHANGES • Personality and social development • refers to how a person develops a sense of self or self-identity, develops relationships with others, and develops the skills useful in social interactions • Personal identity or self-identity • refers to how we describe ourselves and includes our values, goals, traits, perceptions, interests, and motivations
PERSONALITY & SOCIAL CHANGES (CONT.) • Development of self-esteem • Self-esteem • how much we like ourselves and how much we value our self-worth, importance, attractiveness, and social competence • High self-esteem-develop and maintain high levels • 60% of adolescents develop and maintain a strong sense of self-esteem through junior high school • do well in school, develop rewarding friendships, participate in social activities, and are described as cheerful, assertive, emotionally warm, and unwilling to give up if frustrated
PERSONALITY & SOCIAL CHANGES (CONT.) • Development of self-esteem • Low self-esteem-develop and maintain low levels • 15% of adolescents develop and maintain a chronically low self-esteem through junior high school • have continuing personal and social problems (shy, lonely, depressed), which have been present for some time and contribute to low self-esteem • Reversals-reverse levels • 25% of adolescents show dramatic reversals in self-esteem, either from high to low or low to high
PERSONALITY & SOCIAL CHANGES (CONT.) • Development of self-esteem • Forces shaping self-esteem • girls • are dependent upon the ability to relate well to others • are more likely to be the ones showing declining or low self-esteem • boys • are dependent upon looking cool in public, which means not letting stress or anxiety make them look bad • are more likely to show increasing or high levels of self-esteem
PERSONALITY & SOCIAL CHANGES (CONT.) • Adulthood: Erikson's Psychosocial Stages • Stage 6: Intimacy versus isolation • young adulthood (20-40) • young adulthood is a time for finding intimacy by developing loving and meaningful relationships • can find intimacy in caring relationships • negative side, without intimacy, we will have a painful feeling of isolation, and our relationships will be impersonal
PERSONALITY & SOCIAL CHANGES (CONT.) • Adulthood: Erikson's Psychosocial Stages • Stage 8: Integrity versus despair • late adulthood (65 and older) • time for reflecting on and reviewing how we met previous challenges and lived our lives • positive side: if we can look back and feel content about how we lived and what we accomplished, we will have a feeling of satisfaction or integrity • negative side: if we reflect and see a series of crises, problems, and bad experiences, we will have a feeling of regret and despair
GENDER ROLES, LOVE & RELATIONSHIP (CONT.) • Gender roles: development and function • Evolutionary Psychology Theory • emphasizes genetic and biological forces and says that current gender differences are a continuation of the behaviors that evolved from early men and women who adapted these different behaviors in their attempts to survive the problems of their time • Social Role Theory • emphasizes social and cultural influences and states that gender differences between males and females arise from different divisions of labor
GENDER ROLES, LOVE & RELATIONSHIP (CONT.) • Kinds of love • Passionate love • involves continuously thinking about the loved one and is accompanied by warm sexual feelings and powerful emotional reactions • Companionate love • involves having trusting and tender feelings for someone whose life is closely bound up with one's own
PHYSICAL CHANGES: AGING (CONT.) • Sexual changes with aging: women • physical symptoms • hot flashes, some sleep disturbance, and dryness of the vagina, which results from a decrease and eventual stoppage in the secretion of estrogen • psychological symptoms • moodiness, depression, anxiety, and anger • sexual activities • women who experienced sexual activity as fulfilling and enriching before menopause will likely continue to enjoy sexual activity after menopause and into late adulthood
PHYSICAL CHANGES: AGING (CONT.) • Sexual changes with aging: men • Sexual responding • older men may require more time and stimulation to have an erection • healthy men usually have no difficulty in becoming sexually aroused or reaching orgasm • Physiological problems • Some men see their decreased sexual abilities as a threat to their self-esteem | eng | 6b013289-ac60-4f0a-97cd-f450d65e24fa | https://www.slideserve.com/JasminFlorian/module-18-powerpoint-ppt-presentation |
One more question: I have a fuel leak from the fuel inlet or fuel return on the fuel tank. I have heard that this is a common problem in these models. There are two fuel lines attaching to the tank. One is a hose attached to a metal fuel nipple. The other (the leaking one) is a fuel hose attached to a conical piece which then attaches to a metal fuel line on the tank. I am not sure what this conical piece is but suspect it may be the culprit. I wanted to ask around before I remove the tank.
Drop the tank any way,it is only held in by a maximum of 4 bolts.Don't weld it while it is empty.either fill it with water or Nitrogen .At a pinch you can run a hose from a running gasoline car exhaust pipe to the tank filler,this will fill the tank with carbon monoxide and displace oxygen ,Making it safe to weld or whatever.
Thanks, turns out that the tank has an outlet pipe which is just under 1/2" outer diameter. This pipe was connected to a factory steel fuel line with 5/16" outer diameter. A flared piece of 3" long fuel line bridged this gap and was rotten as all get out. I bought some brass nipples from the hardware to reduce the size, used two segments of hose and voila. The only question I have to the designers is "WHY?" Especially the annal, no nonsense German engineers. Oh well one problem off my list.
The tank you have also has a return ,right?,it's the same tank as the 300Se,220Se etc and where you bridging peice was is normally where you would find the feed pump for the Mechanical fuel injection on the gasoline cars.No pump,there froe they put a bit of pipe there in it's place.Diesel is corrosive because it's hydroscopic .It attracts water and that is what ruined the connector pipe.plus old age | eng | d51469d3-d4bb-41b8-a711-b912386b08fc | https://www.benzworld.org/threads/1962-190d-fuel-leak.1202190/ |
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Eye-Revive | Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS)
It is without doubt, that over the last 10 years, there has been a dramatic increase in the amount of time we spend looking at electronic devices. Computers, in all their forms seem, to be the "go to" for much of our communication, research & learning, leisure activity, and not to mention our work places. A study done by Ipsos Reid for Google found that Canadians spend up to 7.9 hours per day in front of computer devices. This means that Canadians spend more time looking at computer screens than any other country in the world. This has led to an increase in a condition referred to as "Computer Vision Syndrome" or CVS. It is estimated to affect 70-90% of Canadians.
The American Optometric Association describes CVS as a group of vision-related problems that result from prolonged computer, tablet, e-reader and cell phone use.
Symptoms may include:
The level of discomfort increases with more time spent on electronic devices, and tends to be worse with smaller hand-held devices (i.e. cellphones). To understand why looking at computer screens can lead to CVS, it is important to know why we blink and why we produce tears. The tear film is critical in feeding oxygen to the surface corneal tissue. We normally blink approximately 22 times per minute. This action of blinking creates the exact amount of force needed to push on the small meibomian glands embedded in the eyelid margins. This causes an oily tear to build up in small layer on the bottom lid (tear meniscus). When the top lid comes down (blink), it grabs these oily tears and spreads it evenly over the entire surface of the eye. These very important oily tears then absorb oxygen from air and become hyper-oxygenated which in turn allow oxygen to absorb directly into the surface cells of the eye.
A study done by Dr. Tsubota in the New England Journal of Medicine reports an average of 22 blinks per minute will decrease to an average of only 7 blinks per minute, when using an electronic device. The blinks may be less than 7 when using smaller devices such as cell phones. This indicates that we "stare" when using electronic devices and leads to less blinking, creating far less tear production and decreased oxygen for the surface tissue. This compounds and starves the cornea of oxygen.The U.S. "DEWS" study concluded that the major component to CVS is dry eye caused by prolonged exposure to computer screens. As technology progresses we are likely to see an increase in the use of electronic screens and therefore a rise in eye- related complications.
How can the effects of Computer Vision Syndrome be managed and how can its effects be treated?
1. The good news is that we can manage the effects of dry eye syndrome a few different ways, one being with daily moist heat compressing. The compress needs to maintain a constant 40 degree temperature for 10 minutes and allow for delivery of moisture). A warm facecloth, poor quality plastic gel packs, or tea bags are inadequate substitutes and may cause overheating of the eyes as well as infections.
One very effective treatment that has proven to relieve symptoms of CVS is the "Tranquileyes Goggle" manufactured by Eyeco. This patented technology has been successful because of its consistent moist heat on the eye and surrounding area. When using a moist heat compress it is important to use a product that is approved and safe to use repeatedly.
By using a daily moist heat compress, it prevents the blockage of the meibomian glands and help stimulate the glands to produce more of the essential oily tears. It's important these glands are kept healthy—overtime, if the glands become blocked, they may atrophy or stop functioning all together.
2. As mentioned earlier, daily moist heat compressing alone is not enough to manage Computer Vision Syndrome. Hours spent staring at a computer screen adds to the discomfort and symptoms of CVS. Preventive treatment measures can and should be taken. At least two hours or more of prolonged use on a computer, requires applying a NON-PRESERVED lubricating eye drop such as "Hylo" 3 to 4 times daily, or when eyes are feeling dry.
These drops, which are manufactured in Germany, contain hyaluronic acid (which is naturally found in the aqueous and vitreous humour of the eye). Hylo drops are safe to use long term because they are non-preserved, phosphate free and will help absorb oxygen and feed that oxygen to the surface cells of the eyes. The result is comfort and relief. The patented bottle technology is designed with a one way valve, allowing a pump action to dispense lubricating drops into the eye. Unlike all other eye drops that incorporate a screw cap and allowing bacteria to get in, Hylo drops do not need to be preserved with Benzalkonium Chloride (BAK).
3. Maintaining healthy vision and eye health annually should be included in your appointment calendar. Visit your Optometrist regularly to correct any refractive error—even very small corrections can lead to chronic eye fatigue and strain during the day. It is strongly recommended you have good quality lenses with proper coatings. The latest generation of lens coating like Nikon's SeeCoat Blue will help to selectively block the harmful blue wavelength light that is emittedfrom electronic devices.
4. Commit to periodically looking away from the computer screen. Every 20 minutes take a break from looking at the screen, blink your eyes 20 times and focus on an object at least 20 feet away. This is called the 20-20-20 rule. The muscles of the eyelids have memory—if you stare at a computer screen and have a reduced blink rate the muscles will eventually learn this posture and even when you are away from a computer screen you may not blink sufficiently.
5. As modern technologies evolve and we learn to incorporate electronics into our lifestyles, we can also learn to take the opportunity of acquiring the modern technologies that will benefit our eye health and overall quality of life. | eng | 5399ca96-7c91-4b11-a137-8ae66cd52f76 | https://eye-revive.ca/collections/computer-vision-syndrome-cvs |
Root Canal Treatment
Root Canal Treatment
Root Canal Treatment, often known as RCT, has evolved into a reasonably easy and pain-free treatment that often only requires one or two visits to an endodontist, due to advancein technology and equipment.
If a Root Canal Treatment (RCT) is indicated, you should expect a step-by-step guidance.
Why is RCT required/reasons for Root Canal Therapy
• Recurrentor repeated abscess on gums
• Prolonged sensitivity
• Severe pain radiation from jaw to ear and head
• Dull pain on chewing
• Darkening of tooth
• Deep decay on the tooth
• Difficulty or pain while chewing food
• Cracked or broken tooth
How is Root Canal performed?
STEP 1 - Anesthesia is administered to numb the tooth and surrounding gums. You might feel a pinch when the needle is injected for a moment. When the tooth is numb, a small sheet of dental dam is placed to keep the tooth dry during the procedure.
STEP 2 - An opening is made on the crown of the tooth either with a dentist drill or hard tissue laser. Once the opening is made, the damaged nerve inside the tooth is removed with the help of an antimicrobial solution or laserto eliminate and reduce the risk of further infection.
STEP 3 – Once the complete roots are dried and cleaned, the endodontist will fill it with a rubber like material called gutta-percha and seal it with a permanent filling.
STEP 4 - After few weeks, the dentist finishes the treatment by placing a permanent crown (metal free or metal ceramic) or a similar type of filling. Depending upon the condition of natural tooth a small supporting post or a screw can be placed inside the root chamber to make crown more stable.
What to eat after Root Canal?
Dr. Vinisha Pandey makes sure you enjoy a pain-free Root Canal Treatment so that you can enjoy healthy delicious options without waiting for a long time.
Initially until your mouth is numb we recommend soft foods to avoid irritation and allow your mouth to recover. | eng | 764cd52e-e1e6-4fe3-b10a-74b19bfdf42e | https://drvinishapandey.com/root-canal-treatment-in-kanpur.php |
This story is from Jesus teaching's on the sermon on the mount. He reminds us to not worry about anything because our heavenly father will take care of us like he takes care of the birds and the lilies.
주제에 대한 기사 평가 matthew 6 25-34 children's games
What lessons about God do we learn from birds and flowers?
Look at the Birds & Flowers :: Children's Lesson on Trusting God. JohnDo not worry about tomorrow verse meaning?
"So don't worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will bring its own worries.Today's trouble is enough for today." "Therefore do not be anxious about tomorrow, for tomorrow will be anxious for itself. Sufficient for the day is its own trouble."
What is lilies of the field in the Bible?
According to biblical interpretation, Jesus was advising his followers not to worry about material needs, like clothing and food, because God would provide for them, just as he provides for the lilies in the fields.
How does God provide for the birds?
Hendriksen counters that God provided for them by creating a world filled with food, and giving the birds the instincts to collect it. The verse could also be read as a call for self-sufficiency or for a return to a hunter gatherer lifestyle, something advocated by the philosopher Seneca.
What the Bible says about flowers?
We can see it in Job 14:2 "They spring up like flowers and wither away; like fleeting shadows, they do not endure." and in Psalms 103:15 "The life of mortals is like grass, they flourish like a flower of the field".
What can we learn from Matthew chapter 6?
These may include the following: Meaningful prayer is sincere and avoids vain repetitions. Heavenly Father knows our needs before we pray. We can follow Jesus Christ's example by praying for Heavenly Father's will to be accomplished. We can receive Heavenly Father's forgiveness as we choose to forgive others.
Why did Jesus say do not worry?
It shows a lack of trust in God's power because it implies that God isn't able to provide for my needs. It's a sin to distrust God's love, wisdom and power — and that's exactly what you're doing when you worry. So Jesus turns to us in verses 28-30 and says, "Trust God, and don't worry!"
What does it mean you can't serve two masters?
Definition of serve two masters
: to give equal support to two different causes, groups, etc. You cannot serve two masters.
How do I stop worrying about tomorrow?
These coping tips can help you take action to break this cycle.
Take care of physical needs. The mind-body connection is very real, and your physical wellness can have an impact on emotional wellness. …
Check your self-talk. The way you talk to yourself about anxiety matters. …
Talk about it. …
Ground yourself.
What does God tell us about worrying? I stop worrying and trusting God?
Table of Contents
Stop waiting for the world to help you.
Stop trying to impress everyone.
Let yourself hope (in God)
Identify your life needs, and focus on what really matters.
Deal with distress.
Question yourself.
Get advice when you're stuck.
Be aware of what's happening around you.
What do lilies symbolize?
The name lily comes from the Latin word for this type of flower, "lilium." The flowers represent purity, innocence and rebirth: in religious iconography, they often represent the Virgin Mary, and are also often depicted at the Resurrection of Christ.
What is the theme of lilies of the field?
Christian Themes
The Lilies of the Field is primarily about the power of prayer and faith and the need for humility in accomplishing one's goals.
What is the spiritual meaning of the white lily?
Often chosen for both weddings and funerals, white lilies symbolise a rejuvenation of the soul. They can represent purity, commitment and rebirth, which is why they're often chosen as Sympathy Flowers.
What lessons can we learn from birds?
6 Life Lessons From Birds
Be confident. Birds learn to trust themselves before they take off in the sky. …
Let your colors shine. Different birds have hundreds of different hues. …
Show up early and often. The legendary early bird gets the worm for a reason. …
Go with the seasons. …
Flock together. …
Spread your wings.
What do you learn from the birds and animals?
Be watchful and focused
Many birds and animals are very watchful and good observers like monkeys, crows, dolphins, eagles, kites, etc. They are very curious but cautious too, so they scan situations and act accordingly, moving closer or away, as the situation demands.
Why are birds so special?
The structure and inherent lightness of their feathers give birds the ability to fly, but birds and their feathers also come in a remarkable variety of colors and forms. Yet there's more about birds that fascinates us than their appearance: their behaviors, their intelligence, their songs.
What we can learn from peacock?
Be Bold. One of the reasons I love peacocks so much is that nothing about them is subtle. They command attention, and I'm pretty sure it's safe to say they know it. Being able to captivate someone is most definitely an art form and peacocks are lucky it comes naturally to them.
Book: "The Secret of Happiness: The Sermon on the Mount for Children" by Jan Godfrey, 2010.
Blocks: Build a house with blocks
Kitchen: Encourage the children to "cook" large meals for their friends/the dolls
Science: Look closely at fresh flowers. Use magnifying glasses and discuss what they see.
Coloring sheet:
STORYTIME:
Review memory verse.
"I will pour my blessing on my people" Isaiah 44:3
I Pointing to yourself is a natural gesture for indicating the concept of me, but when referring to God, point up.
POUR The signer mimics the action of pouring liquid from a jug.
BLESSING The hands mimic the action of blessing someone.
PEOPLE The P handshapes (2 fingers [like a peace sign] pointing down) move in alternating circles. The circular movement can be forward or backward.
CRAFT:
Flower Collage:
Before class cut out flowers from flower patterned material. Cut out green stems and leaf shapes. Have the children glue the material onto a piece of cardstock. Instruct the children to make pictures out of fabric scraps of flowers or birds to remind them how much God cares for us. Make a card for each picture that has a memory verse on it.
Have the children glue the verse cards onto their pictures when they are finished.
MUSIC
"Seek Ye First"
GAME:
"Sharing Shirts"
adapted from The Humonguous Book of Games for Children's Ministry by Group
Have the children gather in a circle. Place all the shirts in the middle (there should be one shirt for every two children). Tell the children that this is a game that will help them remember not to worry about what clothes they will wear.
Tell the children that when you say "go" they should grab a shirt from the pile and put it on. Remind them they should not worry what it looks like.
When they grab shirts, they will quickly realize there are more people than shirts. Ask, "How can you solve this problem?" Help them realize they can share shirts.
Have the children fit two per shirt. Then play music while the pairs dance in their shared shirts. Stop the music and have them freeze. Continue to play the "freeze dance" game, or have them trade partners, or take out shirts and have 3 to a shirt (as interest level dictates).
SNACK: talk about the wonderfully abundant food.
JOURNAL:
"God's blessings for me:"
Help the children think about what blessings they are enjoying: homes, parents, siblings, pets, the beautiful world, school, VBS, whatever. Encourage them to draw pictures, or have them dictate what to write in their journals.
CLOSING:
Review memory verse.
Clean up room.
Send home projects with children.
RESOURCES:
ASL Browser – videos of the signs used in memory verse check this site for words
More craft suggestions can be found at Danielle's Place of Crafts and Activities under "Worry"
"Do Not Worry" Bible Lesson from Matthew 6
Use this free Bible lesson in your children's Sunday School or church program. It's based on Jesus' sermon on the mount, where he teaches to seek God's Kingdom first. Feel free to customize this lesson plan to best fit the needs of your ministry setting.
Gospel Connection: In this passage Jesus teaches us not to worry about our material needs by reminding us that He takes care of the birds who do not store up food and the beautifully clothed flowers who do not work for their clothing. We are to seek the kingdom of God without reservation. When we do this, God will be sure to provide for all of our needs. On the cross, Jesus provided for our greatest need – to be reconciled with God and have our sins wiped out. We can now trust God based on the righteousness of Christ and his promise to provide.
Lesson Title: Do Not Worry
Bible Reference: Matthew 6:25-33
Target Age Group: Elementary
Learning Context: Sunday School
Target Time Frame: One Hour
Print Friendly: [print_link] this lesson plan
Memory Verse: Matthew 6:33 "But seek first His kingdom and his righteousness, and all these things will be given to you as well."
Learning Aim: Children will learn that they should not worry about anything, but fully trust and rely on God, who will supply all of their needs.
Basic Supply List:
Bible Construction Paper Crayons Ink Pad Baby wipes (for after the craft) Make a list for the scavenger hunt. Possible items are a flower, a leaf, a rock, a stick, a clover, a feather, a cicada shell, etc. Bags to hold scavenger hunt items
Note: In the teaching plan below the words in italics are meant to be read aloud. The regular text is simply directions for the teacher.
> > > > Basic Teaching Plan < < < <
Introduction: Begin by asking the children if they know what it means to worry. Worrying can be defined as when we keep thinking about our problems instead of trusting God to provide for all of our needs. Ask the children if there is anything that they worry about. If there is, encourage them to pray for God to help them not to worry and assure them that God will provide for all of their needs.
Biblical Evidence: Begin by reading (or having a child read) Matthew 6:25-27. Say, God does not want us to worry about what we eat, drink or anything else. God will take care of our needs. Let's think about birds. They do not worry about what they are going to eat at all, but every day when they wake up they are about to find the insects that they need to eat. God does not let them go hungry. Since we are God's most precious treasure then He will not let us go hungry either. Worrying will not add any time to our lives, but will only take away from the time that we could spend serving God.
Next read Matthew 6:28-30. Say, God takes care of the flowers of the Earth just like He takes care of the birds. Each spring the flowers grow and bloom. They do not have to do anything to make themselves bloom, they just do. God makes sure that they get enough sunlight and rain to grow. He cares about them and takes care of them. God also cares about us and takes care of us. We do not need to worry about the clothes that we wear because God will provide for our needs.
Next read Matthew 6:31-32. Say, Right here the Bible is telling us that the Lord knows what we need. How amazing is that? God knows exactly what we need before we even ask for it.
Lastly, read Matthew 6:33-34. Say, God wants us to seek His kingdom and when we do we will learn more about Him and will follow His will for our lives. When we are seeking God, He will make sure that we have everything that we need. He loves us and will provide for our needs.
Flowery Fingerprints: To help the children remember that God takes care of the flowers and will also take care of us, have the children create fingerprint flowers. To do this, have the children dip one finger in an inkpad and make a small circle with their fingerprints on paper. These are the petals of the flower. Next have the children use yellow ink to have make the center of the flower. Use crayons to add details to the picture such as a flower stem or grass. As the children are working, remind them that God loves them and will take care of their needs just like He takes care of the flowers that He created.
Animal Actions: Say, God cares for the flowers and the birds and us. What else do you think that He cares for? Give them time to make suggestions. Have each child say one thing that they think that God takes care of. After each child says what God takes care of everyone will act like that animal or thing. For example, if someone says that God takes care of cats, all the kids will act like cats for about 30 seconds, then the teacher will move on to the next child. When the game is over say, God loves and cares for everything that he created. God loves everything that we just acted out and God loves you.
Seeking God Scavenger Hunt: Begin the scavenger hunt by reminding the children that Matthew 6:33 teaches us that we should seek the Kingdom of God and everything else that we need will be given to us. Explain that seeking the Lord means that we are constantly trying to learn more about Him and always trying to do what He wants us to do. For fun, have the children take part in a scavenger hunt. Take the children outside and give them a list of nature items to search for. Possible items are a flower, a leaf, a rock, a stick, a clover, a feather, a cicada shell, etc. Change the list based on what you have around you. Give each child a bag and a list and let them search for the items. Younger children might need help collecting their items. Older children may enjoy a scavenger hunt race by seeing who can find all of the items the fastest. Once children have had time to search for all of the items, remind them that God created all of the nature items that they found. He made the leaves and the flowers grow and he cared for the bird that the feather came from. Say, If God cares for all of these things in nature then He will take care of you as well.
Review Questions: Use the following questions to review the main ideas of the stories.
What does worry mean? Worrying is when we are always thinking about what we need and not trusting God to take care of us. What can we learn from looking at the birds of the sky? We can learn that God takes care of them and feeds them. They do not worry about what they are going to eat. How does God take care of the flowers of the field? He makes sure that they have enough rain and sun each spring so that they can grow. Can we add time to our lives by worrying? No What can we do instead of worrying? We can trust that God will provide for all of our needs. What should we always be seeking? We should seek the kingdom of God. When we seek God's kingdom what are we really doing? We are learning more about God and trying to do what He wants us to do. Can we trust God to take care of all of our needs? Yes.
Closing: Close by asking the children if there is anything that they are worried about that they can pray about. Explain that when we are worried we can pray and tell God all of our problems. We can trust that He will hear us when we tell him what we need. Pray for the children and dismiss them.
Related
Children's Ministry Ideas:... Riot in Ephesus: Sunday School Lesson This lesson covers the whole chapter of Acts 19. Depending on your class you can just focus on the riot in Ephesus. Our class covered the entire chapter as part of the curriculum we use. To tie it all together... Lesson: Isaac Gets a Wife! Teach students how the Lord answers our prayers. Includes a lesson, game, craft, and prayer exercise. Needed: Various objects for the game (see below), a snack, drawing paper, crayons or colored pencils Intro Game: No! Have the students line up... Lesson: Strong Samson and Devious Delilah Use this Judges' children's Sunday School lesson to teach kids how they can be strong for God and resist temptation. Needed: drawing paper, crayons or colored pencils Intro Game: Resisting Temptation Divide students into two teams for a slightly modified...
Look at the Birds & Flowers :: Children's Lesson on Trusting God
Spend a morning learning about nature, enjoying good literature, and being encouraged by God's love with this children's lesson on trusting God.
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Quite by chance, or better put, by providence, we ended up doing an impromptu study on birds, flowers, and John 6 this week. What first started simply as our regular reading from one of our morning time books, developed into a couple of days on nature study and a few really timely discussions about trusting God.
I shared a handful of quotes from the book the next day on Instagram and Facebook, but I've been so encouraged by them all week that I wanted to do something more to make it easier for others to be encouraged during this crazy time in history.
So many of us are facing uncertainty, not simply anxiety about health, but also jobs and schooling and family crises. It all can get overwhelming in a hurry.
This simple children's lesson on trusting God can remind us all that none of this is a surprise to God and that we really can trust our presents and our futures to His sovereign goodness.
Look at the Birds & Flowers :: Children's Lesson on Trusting God
John And then Jesus tells us to note how much more are people worth than birds and flowers! Likewise, we have no need to be anxious about our lives.
Step 1: TAKE A WALK.
Go outside with your kids and take a walk. This can be around your yard, your neighborhood, or a nearby park. Simply notice things around you together and enjoy the time out of doors. Look for flowers and listen for birds.
(Not only is time outside good for our physical health, it is also incredibly restorative to our minds and spirits, not to mention all the ways God teaches us through the natural world).
Step 2: READ.
Parables of Nature: Daily Bread
I highly suggest the book, Parables of Nature, by Margaret Gatty. This was the book that inspired this lesson and is a constant source of wisdom and edification to our family. If you have the book, or want to get the $5 Kindle version (there are no pictures in this book, so an e-book would be an easy option), read chapter 7, Daily Bread.
The brief synopsis of this chapter is a robin who is chided by other animals about his persistent cheerfulness, despite the "impending doom of winter". The food would be scarce, the season would be brutal and unforgiving, and it was unreasonable to continue to be content and happy. However, the robin insisted that he could be content with having just enough, and that he would be happy with today without fearing the unknown future. Moreover, later in the chapter, we are reminded to be encouraged when we hear the robin's song because it tells us of God's care for His children.
Depending on your kids ages, you may want to break the reading up into two segments. It is also helpful to stop after every page or two and ask for a short narration.
If you don't have the book, these are the quotes that I shared online. You can get a basic idea from the quotes.
Jesus Storybook Bible: The Singer
If you're not familiar with the Jesus Storybook Bible, it is a beautiful telling of the Bible, with every passage showing how the Bible is all one big story centered on Jesus.
The chapter called, The Singer, is based on the passage from John 6:25-34. It makes the ideas super accessible for small children, but it is also simply a refreshing and lovely way for big people to hear God's truth as well.
If you do not have a copy of the Jesus Storybook Bible, you can watch and listen to the story in this YouTube video (below).
John 6:25-34
Finish the reading portion by reading from the Bible, because there is no sufficient substitute for the actual words of the Bible. Once your kids have experienced the ideas via the Parables of Nature and the Jesus Storybook Bible, they will make lots of connections with this short passage in John.
Step 3: NATURE STUDY & COPYWORK
Now is a great time to have a little fun looking at nature guides, picture books, whatever you have on hand, about flowers and birds! This can be as little or as in depth as you want. There's no pressure, just have fun learning together.
We read a few picture books about flowers, copied a diagram on the parts of a flower, and then drew pictures of robins (since that is the bird in the parable) and copied part of the Bible verse.
The books we read:
I also created a few printables for you to make this even easier and fun! There is a page to copy part of the Bible passage and then draw a bird on the branch, another option where kids can just trace the Bible verse, and also a flowers and birds coloring page with the whole passage in the center (this one would be great for displaying!).
Step 4: LISTEN
This song, called Do Not Worry, is written about this exact Bible passage! It's perfect and I love Ellie Holcomb's music (not just her kids' music!).
You can also find this song in my Kids Mix playlist (check out all my playlists here).
Step 5: OPTIONAL VIDEO
I wrapped up our lesson with a Magic School Bus video on plants (The Magic School Bus Gets Planted, season 3: episode 10). The kids sat at the table and watched the video while I made lunch. Then while we had lunch, they told me what was in the video.
It was major win/win.
You can watch the episode on Netflix. And if you're interested in a little extra, you can find a hands-on activity to do together as a follow-up here.
More Like This ::
Here are some additional posts to help you through this period of quarantines, impromptu homeschooling, and grocery shortages:
Sharing is caring! Don't forget to pin and share. Thank you!
Matthew 6:25
Matthew 6:25 is the twenty-fifth verse of the sixth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament and is part of the Sermon on the Mount. This verse shifts the discussion from one of money to one of worry.
Content [ edit ]
The Sermon on the Mount, designed by Matthew 6:21–27 from the 1845 illuminated book of, designed by Owen JonesThe World English Bible translates the passage as:
Therefore, I tell you, don't be anxious for your life: what you will eat, or what you will drink; nor yet for your body, what you will wear. Isn't life more than food, and the body more than clothing?
Jesus Thus "life (or the soul — see below) continues even without sustenance" including after death according to both Greek and Jewish beliefs in an eternal soul, and "the body continues even without clothes," that is you can live even naked. With the second phrase explaining the first, this is the lesson: it is against reason to worry about non-essential things (sustenance and clothes) and neglect the essential (the body and its health, and the soul and its obedience to God).
Fowler notes that the early manuscripts are divided on whether the verse includes the question "what will you drink." The absence of this question would make a clearer parallel with later verses, as while the questions about food and clothing are answered, this one is not.[1]
The word translated as life could also refer to the soul, but writers of the period did not see a distinction between the two concepts.[2] So when Jesus states that one should not be anxious about one's soul, it is likely that this is meant in the Jewish sense of vitality or vigor, rather than the Christian theological idea of the soul. Thus the soul, which in this verse is portrayed as both eating or drinking, is more accurately translated as life. The word translated in this verse as eat is the same word frequently translated as rust in Matthew 6:19.[3]
Augustine: The Lord had taught above, that whoso desires to love God, and to take heed not to offend, should not think that he can serve two masters; lest though perhaps he may not look for superfluities, yet his heart may become double for the sake of very necessaries, and his thoughts bent to obtain them. Therefore, I say unto you, Be not ye careful for your 1life what ye shall eat, or for your body what ye shall put on.
Chrysostom: He does not hereby mean that the 1spirit needs food, for it is incorporeal, but He speaks according to common usage, for the soul cannot remain in the body unless the body be fed.
Augustine: Or we may understand the soul in this place to be put for the animal life.
Jerome: Some MSS. add here, nor what ye shall drinkb. That which belongs naturally to all animals alike, to brutes and beasts of burden as well as to man, from all thought of this we are not freed. But we are bid not to be anxious what we should eat, for in the sweat of our face we earn our bread; the toil is to be undergone, the anxiety put away. This Be not careful, is to be taken of bodily food and clothing; for the food and clothing of the spirit it becomes us to be always careful.
Augustine: There are certain heretics called Euchitæc, who hold that a monk may not do any work even for his support; who embrace this profession that they may be freed from necessity of daily labour.
Chrysostom: Or we may connect the context otherwise; When the Lord had inculcated contempt of money, that none might say, How then shall we be able to live when we have given up our all? He adds, Therefore, I say unto you, Take no thought for your life.
Glossa Ordinaria: That is, Be not withdrawn by temporal cares from things eternal.
Jerome: The command is therefore, not to be anxious what we shall eat. For it is also commanded, that in the sweat of our face we must eat bread. Toil therefore is enjoined, carking forbidden,
Pseudo-Chrysostom: Bread may not be gained by carefulness of spirit, but by toil of body; and to them that will labour it abounds, God bestowing it as a reward of their industry; and is lacking to the idle, God withdrawing it as punishment of their sloth. The Lord also confirms our hope, and descending first from the greater to the less, says, Is not the life more than meat, and the body than raiment?
Jerome: He who has given the greater, will He not also give the less?
Pseudo-Chrysostom: For had He not willed that that which was should be preserved, He had not created it; but what He so created that it should be preserved by food, it is necessary that He give it food, as long as He would have it to be preserved.
Hilary of Poitiers: Otherwise; Because the thoughts of the unbelievers were ill-employed respecting care of things future, cavilling concerning what is to be the appearance of our bodies in the resurrection, what the food in the eternal life, therefore He continues, Is not the life more than food? He will not endure that our hope should hang in care for the meat and drink and clothing that is to be in the resurrection, lest there should be affront given to Him who has given us the more precious things, in our being anxious that He should also give us the lesser.
References [ edit ]
Matthew 6:34 Meaning of Do Not Worry about Tomorrow
Matthew 6:34
"Therefore do not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry about itself. Each day has enough trouble of its own."
Explanation and Commentary of Matthew 6:34
Christ commands us not to worry. That is enough reason to have hope in his plan for tomorrow. James and Proverbs tell us not to boast about tomorrow either (Ja 4:13; Pr 27:1). Whether it is boasting or worrying, God calls us to the present to live our lives in him. God is with us here and now, to find him there can be no dreaming or worrying about tomorrow. He will be there too, and so will we when it becomes today.
Does this mean never to save money, never to plan a schedule, never to delay gratification? By no means, logic and the principle of stewardship show us that as image-bears, we will in part be held accountable tomorrow for the way we handled what we've been entrusted with today (Mat 25:14-30). But this can be done without worrying, which betrays a lack of trust in God to be there and care for us in the future, or boasting, which shows a lack of belief that God will have his own ideas and will sovereignly direct us in the future.
If one lives on biblical principles and trusts God, seeking first the kingdom and his righteousness today, then tomorrow is a forgone conclusion. How good it is to live this way, never dwelling on the past, and never worrying about the future. Ours is to trust God in each moment, stewarding each hour of our lives for the glory of God. If we can be doing that when he returns, we will experience both the abundant life he intended for us and the eternal reward of faithfulness.
Breaking Down the Key Parts of Matthew 6:34
#1 "Therefore…"
Because seeking the kingdom of God and his righteousness is what we are called to give our attention and energy to, not what we will eat or drink or wear tomorrow.
#2 "…do not worry…"
Many people think that emotions such as worry are involuntary. But they are involuntary only to the point that we do not take every thought captive (2 Cor 10:5) and stay our minds on Christ (Isa 26:3). It's true that when one is worrying she cannot just say to herself, "Do not worry." But she can reason with herself. This is her divine right as a rational, created image-bearer. Jesus has given us all the logical tools to counter lies and fears with truth, and in so doing we can obey his command to command our emotions.
#3 "…about tomorrow, for tomorrow will take care of itself. Each day has enough trouble of its own."
Thinking about tomorrow is wise when it comes to considering how to apply biblical principles so that tomorrow one will hear, "Well done, good and faithful servant." Worrying doesn't come from rational thinking. It is a fear that comes from an irrational attack in the thought life. A Christian who does not direct his own thoughts will be subject to satan's lies and accusations. "Each day" will have trouble. This should be where most of our mental energy and focus should be.
Expert Overview of Matthew Ch. 1-13
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Biblical Translations of Matthew 6:34
NIV
"Therefore do not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry about itself. Each day has enough trouble of its own."
NLT
"So don't worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will bring its own worries. Today's trouble is enough for today."
ESV
"Therefore do not be anxious about tomorrow, for tomorrow will be anxious for itself. Sufficient for the day is its own trouble."
KJV
"Take therefore no thought for the morrow: for the morrow shall take thought for the things of itself. Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof."
NKJV
"Therefore do not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry about its own things. Sufficient for the day is its own trouble."
Lilies of the field, consider the Definition & Meaning
Where does Consider the lilies of the field come from?
Consider the lilies of the field first appears in the Bible in Matthew 6:28, where Jesus delivers the Sermon on the Mount. A variation of this same quote appears later in Luke 12:27.
In both Matthew's and Luke's accounts of the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus tells his followers that the lilies, the grass, and the owls do not waste time worrying about food and shelter, and yet God provides for them. Jesus says that God already knows what people need to survive and so you don't need to worry whether he will provide for them. Jesus assures everyone that God will give them all they need as long as they are faithful to him.
Bible Games Central
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Coaching FAQ: What Is the Role of a Coach? (Part 2)
One of the most frequently asked questions about coaching is what is the role of the coach? I believe that this question is a great place to begin building an effective coaching structure…but it's just the beginning. Once you've determined in advance what the role of a coach is you'll be ready to do the other things in the sequence that builds an effective structure.
For me the job description includes some very specific details. I start the job description with the one line win that I've clarified. I also include some values that are threshold requirements (i.e., loyalty to the senior pastor, a proven gift of leadership, etc.). Finally, I detail the specific actions I'm going to measure (i.e., meet with each of my leaders once a week by phone or in person, hold a huddle for my leaders every 6 to 8 weeks, etc.).
Recruit on the Basis of the Job Description
Since one of the temptations is to downplay the amount of engagement that will be required you'll need to fight that by reviewing the job description as you're recruiting each candidate. If you've worked out the details of the description so that it describes the kind of high capacity leaders you hope to recruit and then carefully review the expectations as you're recruiting…you'll be far less likely to minimize. And that is huge.
Measure Engagement
This is another important step. It's also the point that many small group coaching structures falter. Once you've built the job description and recruited on the basis of it…you need to schedule a periodic opportunity to review performance. Even if you only do this twice a year you'll be ahead of the game.
A periodic review does a couple essential things:
a review evaluates fruitfulness
a review allows a conversation about fulfillment
Want to build an effective coaching structure? These 5 steps will help you do it. Need more? Building an Effective Coaching Structure, my four part coaching program is designed to walk you through the process (complete with downloadable audio sessions and handouts). | eng | 6614daa5-3e8a-47d4-8ab5-2ca77c2a7ad8 | https://www.markhowelllive.com/coaching-faq-what-is-the-role-of-a-coach-part-2/ |
Esl writing assessment test
With very evocative pieces of literature or poetry this can be quite powerful. For more information, go to "LD Topics: Literature educates the whole person.
The generalizations that exist are quite complex and there are many exceptions, leading to a considerable amount of rote learning. Vocabulary[ edit ] Phrasal verbs — Phrasal verbs also known as multiple-word verbs in English can cause difficulties for many learners because of their syntactic pattern and because they often have several meanings.
Using extracts from plays Most of the ideas from stories above could be applied here, but obviously, this medium gives plenty of opportunity for students to do some drama in the classroom.
Students are often placed into low ability groups based on scores on standardized tests in English and math. Some newcomer programs also include primary language development and an orientation to the student's new community Genesee, et al, Orton-Gillingham A multisensory approach to remediating dyslexia created by Dr.
So, that person may 1 be fully bilingual, 2 speak only the home language, 3 speak only English, or 4 speak mostly the home language but have limited English proficiency. If appropriate to the text, look at the connotation of words which the author has chosen.
It can assist them in practicing certain tasks. Multisensory Structured Language Education An educational approach that uses visual, auditory, and kinesthetic-tactile cues simultaneously to enhance memory and learning.
Toad in the holeGulab jamunSpotted Richardetc. Metacognition Metacognition is the process of "thinking about thinking. Learners can be trained to infer meaning of difficult words from context. Literature is authentic material. Once the tutor has had the chance to help the student, classmates get to switch roles in order to give both peers an opportunity to learn from each other.
Another example is the idiomatic distinction between "make" and "do": The numerous communities of English native speakers in countries all over the world also have some noticeable differences like Irish EnglishAustralian EnglishCanadian EnglishNewfoundland Englishetc.
The National Center for Education Statistics NCES in the United States reported that the percentage of dropouts in the non-native born Hispanic youth population between the ages of 16 and 24 years old is Developmental Aphasia A severe language disorder that is presumed to be due to brain injury rather than because of a developmental delay in the normal acquisition of language.
Two language groups are put together and instruction is delivered through both languages. Click the Steps to Success tab. You could also look at certain elements of style that the author has used.
However, supporters of the latter do not agree with that and instead think that grammar and correct habit is more important. The computer can be used to test students about the language they already learn. What is Adult Basic Education? Adult Basic Education offers Basic English as a Second Language, English Literacy & Civics, and GED ® preparation classes at several locations in the Lone Star College (LSC) system.
The programs are designed for native and non-native speakers who want to improve their language skills and/or gain the core skills they need to obtain a GED ®. A strong research base, engaging style, and numerous specific ideas combine to offer the ideal source for teaching oral language, reading, writing, and the content areas in English to K English learners.
Accessibility for all students is a core principle of Smarter Balanced. For students with special needs or those learning English, Smarter Balanced assessments have been designed so that any student can participate and demonstrate what they know in a way that can be accurately measured.
This English listening Web site created by Randall Davis helps ESL/EFL students improve their listening comprehension skills through practice with self-grading quiz pages. Browse esl resources on Teachers Pay Teachers, a marketplace trusted by millions of teachers for original educational resources.
ASSESSMENT CENTER Location, Hours, and Contact Information Coastline's Assessment Center is located in Room on the fourth floor of the Coastline College Center. | eng | 1344001a-6564-45af-95f1-e4a54eed3472 | https://mezejesyxelasaj.parisplacestecatherine.com/esl-writing-assessment-test-40577tl.html |
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This image captures a still from a video game, displayed on a mobile device. The electronic device is possibly a smartphone, indicated by its portable nature. The game's graphics and text are prominently visible on the screen, contributing to a multimedia experience. The device, being a gadget with communication capabilities, further enhances the user's interaction with the game. The screenshot itself provides a glimpse into the gaming world, with its various elements of design and gameplay. The image serves as an excellent representation of the convergence of technology and entertainment in the modern | eng | 0b661cdb-ed5d-4f5c-ab0c-0d8da419005e | https://imaigic.com/prompt/a-screenshot-of-a-video-gamechmu |
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What you can do with your photos
In this course, you'll learn all about working with photos on your computer. You'll discover how your computer stores and organises photos, how you can get photos on to your computer, and where you can find photos on the internet.
You'll also be introduced to how you can edit photos on your computer to improve them and get them ready for printing or sharing.
To get started, we have a short animation to watch including top tips for getting the best out of your photography. | eng | a75fe9c0-3dc9-46b5-8121-12e5b4745e86 | https://beconnected.esafety.gov.au/topic-library/fun-things-to-do-with-your-photos/what-you-can-do-with-your-photos |
What's the Vibe
The place is welcoming. You'll notice that Om Bar stands out because of the bright colors and the bohemian vibe. Not to mention, it's in front of the beach, which adds to the overall appeal.
There are two spots to choose from when you dine at Om: the air-conditioned area where the parties happen and the non-air-conditioned part where you can relax while having drinks or conversations (this was where we were).
For the seats, you can get a usual table or a low one where you sit on throw pillows. Either way, you can also play games while waiting for your order. We had Jenga on our table.
It was gloomy when we went to Boracay, but we had a great experience. I like this photo. Coconut trees look so good with a stunning view like this one.
What's Available?
I don't have photos of the menu, but I remember seeing a lot of food and drink options. Since we went there in the afternoon, I just ordered chicken wings, which were delicious and filling (one order is good for two people). I was supposed to get fries, but I heard it was super oily, so I got the wings. Good decision. It came with mojos on the side.
As for the entrance fee, I am not exactly sure when and how they charge because when we first stopped by (this was nighttime), the guy said we had to pay 300.00 to enter. But the next day, when we had our snacks and drinks, there was no entrance fee to pay, and some cocktails were on promo. I had four drinks for the price of two. I highly recommend the Lychee margarita. | eng | a0ed6007-e449-4d02-baed-27a898ae3d5c | https://www.andltorre.com/single-post/where-to-relax-have-drinks-in-boracay-om-bar |
Fillings
Our office utilizes a tooth-colored filling material, or composite resin. This type of material bonds directly to the tooth structure, which allows our doctors to be extremely conservative when removing the cavity in the tooth. Composite is a very strong and durable material, and polishes beautifully. The process is simple: The cavity is removed, the tooth is cleaned, bonding is placed and the filling material is placed. A high intensity light is used to harden the composite and then adjusted and polished to ensure a correct bite. These types of fillings can also be used to bond on teeth that have been chipped or have any irregularities | eng | fdf2f502-9c43-49c4-ae57-2cd8e1f91e62 | https://westseattlesmileco.com/services/fillings/ |
Sunday, August 20, 2017
Marjorie Prime
I mention in the review that this movie would probably seem most at home on television or in a screening room - it seems perfectly suited to the Coolidge's GoldScreen and I'd be pretty thrilled if they picked it up in a week or two - although for as cavernous as the Regent Theatre in Arlington is, it kind of works because it's a place that only shows movies occasionally right now, so you're going out of your way to see something unusual. It's a weird thing, how that sort of context interacts with the actual movie in one's head, and especially appropriate here. It's arguably the sort of thing you shouldn't really consider when discussing or critiquing the film itself, but the fact that this is a movie that is often about memory that point out that our memory of something is often actually the memory of the last time we remembered it, and not just a clean dip into a pristine databank, and the where and how becomes important. Not that it's ever not important, but maybe I'm inclined to think a little bit more about it for having to go out of my way and see it with a small group in a big theater.
That said, it's good enough that I'd rather more people see it. Unfortunately, it's got the sort of booking that makes word of mouth almost impossible to generate; the fourth and final screening in the Boston area is at the Regent Theatre in Arlington at 4pm today, barring someone else picking it up. Check it out if you can; it's impressive enough to merit some eyeballs even if that location flies under the radar.
Marjorie Prime doesn't seem like much to start (and seems misnamed to boot), a strange case featuring a director whose previous film seemed much more ambitious and a cast where many had been a big deal not so long ago only able to scrape together enough to do something that looks amateurish and flat. It never really escapes the shackles of its stage-bound roots - it even feels like the lights go down between acts - but by the end, that's something an audience may be willing to talk itself into as a positive, that a lack of filmic flourish allows the ideas to stand on their own.
Certainly, you can see where that's the plan, as the very opening scene gives a hint of how malleable memory can be, as Marjorie (Lois Smith), an 85-year-old woman whose mind is decaying, converses with a hologram whose AI is modeled on her dead husband Walter (Jon Hamm), and a dull conversation about going to see My Best Friends Wedding becomes an example of how the truth as people know it changes by accident and design. The film delves into this, talking about human and machine memory, subtly showing the AI being upgraded but never becoming perfect, performing a couple of hard twists as it finds other iterations of the premise articulated in that first scene. Writer/director Michael Almereyda, adapting a play by Jordan Harrison, doesn't try to sneak this in; he has his characters interrogate this new technology directly and among themselves, showing its flaws but also, in parallel, showing those of the human mind, very particularly these characters.
Marjorie is not along with Walter Prime, after all; daughter Tess (Geena Davis) and her husband Jon (Tim Robbins) have moved in with her, as has caregiver Julie (Stephanie Andujar), now that Marjorie needs twenty-four hour care. The film seldom expands beyond that circle - Marjorie's granddaughter is pointedly never shown - it doesn't necessarily have to; that core cast is pretty sharp. Jon Hamm gets the short end of the stick somewhat, only seen as the original Walter in one scene, and mostly spends the movie relatively flat and affectless; it's a capable portrayal of a computer program designed to project patience, but deliberately unvaried. Lois Smith also gets a more narrow than expected range of material as Marjorie, in that the audience never sees her swerve from good days to bad as her mind deteriorates, but rather the horror of knowing she is losing herself. It's careful, unglamorous work, though she does have some later scenes that make interesting contrasts to what both she and Hamm were doing before. | eng | 65b0dbed-3901-4069-b0bd-2c2b19724a79 | http://www.jaysmovieblog.com/2017/08/marjorie-prime.html |
Several states have imposed restrictions or bans on four-day schools.
This story was first published by Stateline. Read the original article here.
Desperate to fill open positions amid a statewide teacher shortage, school officials in this rural North Texas city of about 15,000 chose to follow the lead of neighboring districts by converting to a four-day school week at the start of the current student year.
As the school year nears a close next month, Kuhn proclaimed the four-day week "a really good success," which, among other positives, produced a surge of qualified teacher applicants that helped the district fill its vacancies. The seven-member school board has unanimously authorized the four-day schedule for the new school year that starts in August.
Nationwide, the number of four-day schools has increased by 600% over the past two decades, now numbering more than 1,600 in 24 states, according to research published in 2021. The schedule is most popular in small, rural districts. In Colorado, which has the largest percentage, 124 of the state's 178 districts (70%) follow a four-day schedule.
Many four-day schools report higher test scores, fewer discipline problems and strong support from parents, teachers and staff. But amid the success stories, the idea is facing headwinds as emerging research points to academic declines and other problems.
School districts that go from five days to four typically make up at least some of the missing hours by adding time to the other days or extending the school year. But four-day schedules average only 148 school days per year, resulting in less time in school than the national average of 180 days per year for five-day schools.
Several states have imposed restrictions or bans on four-day schools. In Oklahoma, for example, a 2019 law requires school districts to seek waivers for four-day schools. Lawmakers in Missouri and Texas are pushing legislation to block the practice.
In another part of North Texas, the suburban Mesquite Independent School District, just east of Dallas, three months ago pulled back from what had seemed to be almost certain implementation of a four-day school week, after a comprehensive study raised fears of academic setbacks among fragile student populations.
The six-state analysis, published last summer by the Annenberg Institute at Brown University, found lower student achievement in four-day schools, with larger negative effects among Hispanic students, as well as in those in towns and the suburbs, as compared to rural areas.
Reviewing the relatively new findings at a board meeting in February, Mesquite officials dropped the four-day concept out of fear it would result in harmful consequences for students, 61% of whom are Hispanic.
"I took it off the table as the administration recommendation," Superintendent Angel Rivera told Stateline. "I'm not going to experiment on kids."
Lawmakers Push Back
Over the past several years, school districts in many states have rushed to embrace the four-day school week in hopes of easing a variety of problems, from staff vacancies to budget pressures, including those caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, according to the analysis published by the Annenberg Institute.
In some states, lawmakers are pushing back.
In Missouri, where more than 160 school districts (out of 518) will follow four-day schedules next year, a Senate-passed education bill carries an amendment by Democratic state Sen. Doug Beck that would prohibit four-day school weeks in cities with more than 30,000 residents, unless approved by district voters.
Beck, whose district includes the St. Louis area, told Stateline he believes Missouri should mandate five-day school weeks, calling the reduced schedule "a bad idea" and "a push to the bottom."
In Texas, state Sen. Donna Campbell, Republican vice chair of the Senate Education Committee, also is pushing a bill that would require five-day weeks.
Campbell said in a statement that her bill has "spurred a robust public discussion regarding the relationship between students' instructional time and academic achievement. In the future, I would like to see Texas collect data on student achievement comparing the various school week models."
At a committee hearing on her bill, Campbell said the four-day schedule "has unintentionally caused hardships on working families and does not seem to improve student outcomes." Research also suggests "that it seems to have some negative effects on children," she said.
But school district officials who testified during the hearing were unanimous in their opposition to the bill, saying it would override local decision-making.
"We know what works for us," said Paula Patterson, superintendent of the Houston-area Crosby Independent School District, which serves more than 6,000 students. When Crosby switches to a four-day schedule next fall, it will be the largest Texas district to do so.
"Four days with an exceptional teacher is much more effective and productive than five days with a less effective teacher."
Recent Research
Scholarly research on four-day school weeks has been slow to emerge, leaving school districts to rely heavily on anecdotal conclusions.
"All of the research we have today is almost exclusively from the last three to four years," said Emily Morton of Portland, Oregon-based NWEA, a nonprofit educational research organization formerly known as the Northwest Evaluation Association. Morton was one of the authors of the study published by the Annenberg Institute.
In addition to that analysis, there have been at least seven other major studies, including a 2021 study by the RAND Corporation and an Oregon analysis led by Paul Thompson, another coauthor of the analysis published by the Annenberg Institute. Thompson's Oregon study found that 11th graders on a four-day schedule performed worse on math tests than five-day students.
The findings, Morton said, are largely "a story of trade-offs," showing an overall small to medium "negative effect" on achievement, though close to zero in rural districts, along with positives such as downturns in fighting and bullying.
Morton acknowledged, however, that the shortened week has been a morale booster in many districts, reducing time pressures, adding to family togetherness and softening academic stress. School district leaders say the reduced schedule has curtailed or eradicated vacancies and eased the workload on staff.
"The folks who do this schedule, they love it," Morton said. "The communities are really positive about it."
Though some schools have chosen Monday as the off-day, Friday is the new Saturday in most districts. However, many schools remain open on the expanded weekend for optional extra instruction or catch-up days for teachers.
Happy in Mineral Wells
Mineral Wells, named after medicinal waters that once made the community an acclaimed health resort, reflects the trend. School officials there posted a Facebook survey that revealed overwhelming support for the idea, leading the community to implement the plan at the start of the current 2022-2023 school year.
"The main purpose is recruitment and retention of teaching staff," said Kuhn, the superintendent. "The quality of our applicant pool has really gotten a lot stronger. In the past, sometimes we would have a job posting where we'd only have four or five applicants. And now we're getting 30 or 40."
Teachers, staff and parents overwhelmingly support the four-day week, according to polls conducted within the last several weeks.
"There's several good aspects to it," Kuhn said. "Number one, we've heard a lot of feedback that it's improved family time together." Attendance and discipline have improved, he said, and transfers from other districts have boosted enrollment. Moreover, practice exams for the state's academic readiness test have shown improved results over last year, Kuhn said, suggesting that the concept has heightened academic performance.
On one recent Friday, parents dropped off 31 younger students at Houston Elementary for about eight hours of optional instruction, added to address concerns over parents' increased day care costs. A dozen 4- and 5-year-old children were gathered in the library, while nearby a teacher conducted a STEM class with second and third graders.
Meanwhile, several mothers, and in one case a great-grandmother, took their children to a city park to bask in a sunny morning. Donna Hartnagel was enjoying time with her 9-year-old son Cody and 7-year-old daughter Isabel.
"The only thing I've heard people complain about is because they have to work and that's an extra day that they have to pay for," she said. "It didn't bother my schedule because I'm a stay-at-home mom."
In the agricultural community of Woodson, an hour south of the Oklahoma state line, Superintendent Casey Adams said he and other school officials "did a lot of research" before making the change.
In his 167-student district, which he described as a "real traditional, conservative little school district," the conversion to a four-day week has made his teachers much happier—and given students more time to prepare for agricultural competitions.
"In a small district, you wear a lot of hats, and you get worn out," he said. "One teacher told me, 'A four-day week allows me to be a good teacher, and a good mom.'" relevant | eng | e8222164-e4d9-4da9-9a4e-5b82cf15dcb4 | https://www.route-fifty.com/management/2023/05/4-day-school-weeks-gaining-popularity-face-pushback-lawmakers/385887/ |
Revolutionizing Training in the Manufacturing and Engineering Industry with VR
In recent years, Virtual Reality industrial trainings has emerged as a transformative technology with the potential to revolutionize various sectors, including the manufacturing and engineering industry.
Traditional training methods in these industries often involve high costs, safety risks, and limited accessibility.
However, VR training offers a groundbreaking solution by providing immersive and interactive experiences that enable employees to learn in a virtual environment.
Virtual reality is all about democratizing storytelling. It gives people more control over the experience. Instead of trying to force a story upon you, we try and give you this huge playground through which you will create stories that you will then share through this medium.
Cost and Time Efficiency:
Additionally, the time required to coordinate training sessions and gather resources can be extensive.
VR training eliminates many of these expenses by providing a virtual platform that requires minimal physical resources.
Once the virtual environment is created, it can be replicated for multiple training sessions, reducing costs associated with repetitive training.
Moreover, VR training enables employees to learn at their own pace, allowing for flexible scheduling and reducing the time required for training.
Accessible and Scalable Training:
One of the challenges in the manufacturing and engineering industry is the accessibility of training programs.
VR training overcomes geographical limitations by providing remote access to training modules. This means that employees across different locations can receive consistent and standardized training without the need for travel.
Furthermore, VR training can be easily scaled to accommodate the growing workforce, as virtual simulations can be replicated and shared across various devices, making it accessible to a larger number of trainees simultaneously.
This feedback allows employees to identify areas of improvement and refine their skills.
Furthermore, VR training can generate performance metrics and progress reports, enabling employers to assess the effectiveness of the training program and identify areas that require additional focus or improvement.
Simulating Complex Scenarios and Specialized Skills:
VR training can effectively simulate complex scenarios and provide trainees with hands-on experience in dealing with challenging situations. For instance, VR can be used to simulate intricate assembly processes, fine-tuning welding techniques, or training for operating specialized machinery.
By practicing in a virtual environment, trainees can refine their skills and gain confidence in handling complex tasks before applying them in the real world.
Collaboration and Remote Training:
In addition to individual training, VR platforms enable collaborative learning experiences. Trainees can participate in virtual group exercises, allowing them to work together and practice teamwork in a simulated environment.
Moreover, VR training can facilitate remote collaboration, bringing together experts and trainees from different locations in a shared virtual space.
This capability is particularly valuable in industries where specialists or trainers may not be physically present at every location, ensuring consistent knowledge transfer and fostering a culture of collaboration
Its immersive nature, cost efficiency, scalability, and ability to simulate complex scenarios make it an ideal tool for training and skill development. By leveraging VR, organizations can enhance learning outcomes, improve safety, and increase productivity.
As technology continues to advance, we can expect VR training to become an integral part of training programs, providing employees with the skills and knowledge they need to thrive in the manufacturing and engineering sectors. | eng | e1ceec05-6bde-42dd-81ac-9d56772d406f | https://twinreality.in/revolutionizing-training-in-the-manufacturing-and-engineering-industry-with-vr/ |
When I connect the glasses to the phone (or any other device, like my Mac or my Steamdeck). The Screen shows up in the glasses and then goes off after some seconds. This is repeated many times, maybe for about 5 Minutes. It is the same as if I would pull the connection to the device. On Android in Nebula it tells me, that the device is connected and then disconnected, and then after some seconds connected and so so.
But after some minutes, when the glasses get a little bit warmer, it suddenly works. After that I can use the glasses without any issues. Also when I switch the device to e.g. Steamdeck, then there it does work also. It feels, as if the glasses have to warm up a little bit?!
Is this a hardware issue? Are my glasses broken?
I have also downgraded to Nebula 3.1.1, then also the glasses got an update. But the issue was the same after that.
I am in a living room with 23 degrees celcius. I have the feeling, that the power consumption at the beginning is more than the device can offer. I have checked again an it only happens with the phone and the steamdeck. On the Mac it works, even when the device is not warmed up. | eng | 82af767a-b091-448f-8b8a-983ea28e71ac | https://community.nreal.ai/t/connection-issues-with-nreal-light-glasses-are-randomly-going-black/3190 |
How did Genghis Khan establish the Mongol Empire?
Genghis Khan is renowned as one of the most successful conquerors in history. He is credited with establishing the Mongol Empire, which at its height stretched from the Pacific Ocean to the Caspian Sea and from Southeast Asia to the Baltic Sea. Genghis Khan achieved this through a combination of military tactics and political strategy.
In the early 12th century, Genghis Khan established the Mongol Empire by uniting various steppe tribes. Born in 1162, Temujin, better known as Genghis Khan, was the child of an influential chief of the Borjigin clan. He rose to prominence as a leader of the Mongols, a nomadic tribe living in the steppes of Central Asia. In the early 1200s, Temujin united several steppe tribes under his leadership and declared himself Genghis Khan, or the great ruler.
The first step Genghis Khan took towards creating the Mongol Empire was to gain the loyalty of neighboring tribes. He achieved this by promoting loyalty and offering protection. He promised a safe haven for anyone willing to join him and promised them military and economic advantages. In addition, he also secured the allegiance of several powerful allies, such as Uyghurs, Keraits, Tatars, and Naimans.
Another important part of his strategy was the use of economic incentives. He offered conquered peoples access to resources, such as herds of animals, which would help them establish new settlements in the steppes. This allowed his empire to expand quickly and easily.
Genghis Khan's military tactics were also essential for establishing the Mongol Empire. He used a combination of siege warfare and cavalry attacks which helped him overcome his enemies. His strategy relied heavily on using speed and surprise to overwhelm and outmaneuver his opponents. He also employed traps and ambushes frequently to ensure his victory in battles.
In addition, he was also a skilled diplomat. He was able to negotiate alliances with many of the powerful rulers he encountered in his campaigns. This allowed his armies to capture larger areas of land more quickly and build his empire.
Finally, the way Genghis Khan established and maintained the Mongol Empire was through an efficient and effective administrative system. He divided the conquered territories into provinces and appointed local princes, or khans, to rule them. He also set up an efficient tax system, which allowed the empire to be self-sufficient and provided additional resources for future conquests.
Through his skillful use of diplomacy, military tactics, and efficient administration, Genghis Khan was able to create the largest contiguous land empire in world history. The Mongol Empire is a testament to Genghis Khan's brilliance as a conqueror, statesman, and leader. | eng | c254d6ac-e1a9-46b4-9930-58bd2df3ef70 | https://www.pcclean.io/how-did-genghis-khan-establish-the-mongol-empire/ |
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Why should you improve your memory? Why go to the trouble of training yourself to learn facts and figures? The answer is simple: by enhancing your memory, you can improve multiple aspects of your brain function, thereby helping you to perform better in work, in relationships, and in life. | eng | 5327c0ad-5265-4e2d-a35d-ca90d6176771 | https://www.plrdatabase.net/product/memory-hack/ |
Cycad International Nursery What are Cycads Cycad International Nursery is considered one of the Cycads are extremely rare palm-like plants with a largest of its kind in the world as it offers a range of unique subterranean caudex or woody trunk to 7+ metres premium feature plants. with colourful cones and fern-like evergreen leaves. There is approximately 8000m² of nursery space dedicated to growing Cycads for the Export Market. Our major target Sometimes referred to as 'living fossils' or 'dinosaur food' market is the Middle East. plants, they were the dominant plants in the Early Jurassic We are one of the very few nurseries world wide who are period (250 million years ago) evolving little to the present CITES Registered Artificial Propagation Establishment. time to be one of the 'rarest and most endangered' plants Importers do not require a CITES Import Permit. in the world today.Cycad Catalog | 3 Cycads are one of the most desired architecturally striking landscape plants. The give that exclusive, unique, prehistor- ic, up-market touch to your landscapes also compliment- ing many other species of plants.
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Indicates Height Benefits of using Cycadscm Indicates Diameter Water wise, ideal for xerophytic plantings, drought hardy when established. Indicates Leaf Size Growth habits and dimensions are well documented and entirely predictable. Indicates Region Gycad species can be selected to fit into any particular niche, e.g. landscape features, unique Indicates Best Suited Climate plantings at resorts and palaces, public gardens and exclusive developments in shade to full sun. Very appealing in single or group plantings. Long lived, hundreds of years. Require little maintenance and also pest and insect resistant. Ability to grow in some of the poorest oils in the world. Ornamental and colourful female and male cones. Ideal for pot culture both indoors and outdoors. Evergreen retaining several years of leaf growth.
DIOON Edule DIOON Species Available • DIOON Edule A very popular cycad which is • DIOON Mexicania widely grown and has proved to be adaptable to a range of •DIOON Spinulosum climates and situations. Plants grow best in full sun and need excellent drainage. Watering during summer is beneficial and unimpeded air movement is important to avoid foliage being damaged by excessive wet. Tolerant of light to moderate frosts. To 3 metres tallcm 30 cm 0.7 – 1.7 metres long – dark bluish green Endemic to Mexico, where it is widely distributed in the Sierra Madre Oriental mountain range, occurring in Veracruz (central parts), Queretaro, Hidalgo (northern parts), San Luis Potosi and Tamaulipas (southern parts) Subtropical and temperate regions. This species has been reported to survive temperatures down to -8° C
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DIOON Mejiae Beautiful and decorative cycad. Its ease in horticulture, adaptability to both sun and shade, and some cold tolerance make this cycad an exceptional landscape plant. Plants in cultivation produce more and larger leaves than their wild counterparts and are reasonably fast growing. Will develop into a sizeable plant in a relatively short time, especially in more tropical climates. To 1 metre tall cm 25 cm 1 – 2 metres long – dark green Occurs in Honduras and has also recently been collected in north central Nicaragua Tropical, subtropical and perhaps temperate regions. This species has been reported as surviving temperatures down to -5°Cycad Catalog | 7
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DIOON Spinulosum A popular species and one of the tallest of all cycads, with trunks reaching in excess of 15 m. One of the most trouble free cycads. It will not only withstand full sun but some frost exposure as well. When planted in sunny locations, the growth rate seems to be more rapid than if grown in a shady position. 5 - 16 metres tallcm 40 cm 1.5 – 2 metres long – light green Occurs in Mexico, where it was once widely distributed, but now localised in the lowlands of the Sierra Madre Oriental mountain range at altitudes of 20 – 300 m. Plants grow in shady ravines and canyons developed on limestone formations and covered with tropical evergreen forest. Tropical, subtropical and perhaps temperate regions. This species has been reported as surviving temperatures down to – 5° C.
CERATOZAMIA Latifolia C•S•pECRCeEAEcRRTiAeOATsTZOAOAZvZMAAaMIMiAlIaAIAbLlMeateifxoilciaania •CERATOZAMIA Robusta A small cycad which develops a subterranean to light brown trunk with the persistent leaf bases spreading away from the trunk. An attractive species for a lightly shaded position in the ground or as a container subject. Plants can sucker freely To 20 cmcm 10 cm 0.5 – 1 metre long – dark olive green smooth leaves Endemic to San Luis Potosi and Hildago in eastern Mexico growing at about 850m altitude Cool tropical and subtropical regions
CYCAS Seemannii A medium sized to tall cycad with an emergent trunk.. An ideal species for coastal regions of tropical and warm subtropical regions, will also grow in inland localities. It has attractive glossy foliage and plants will grow in a sunny position in a range of well-drained soil types. 12 metres tallcm 25 cm 1.5 metres to 2.5 metres long - mid green and glossy leaves Widespread in the south-west Pacific, from Tonga west to New Caledonia Tropical and warm subtropical regions
ENCEPHALARTOS Ferox Without a doubt one of the most beautiful and interesting of the African cycads. It is fast growing, easy to grow, and readily available. It has been known to reach coning size in less than 10 years. To 2 metres tallcm 30 cm 100 – 200 cm long – dark green, highly glossy South Africa, from Zululand, north-eastern KwaZulu-Natal province to near Sordwana Bay, which is about 650 km (400 miles) north of Maputo, Mozambique.
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ENCEPHALARTOS Gratus A medium sized to large cycad usually single stems but also in clumps of up to 8 stems with suckers produced from the base. 2.5 metres tall cm 60 cm 120 – 200 cm long, highly glossy Malawi, Mount Mulanje, and more recently, sightings reported in Mozambique near Mavita, and in the Derra Namuli northeast of Gurue (vila Junqueiro). Tropical, subtropical and perhaps warm temperate regions. Can be grown in full sun.Cycad Catalog | 17
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ENCEPHALARTOS Hildebrandtii E•S•Np•E•CeEEN•EN•cNEECNPECiCNEeCHNEEPCsEPACPHEAPHEHLPAHvAPAAHLaAHLRLAAiLATAAlRLaOARLRATbRATSTORTlOROeTSOTSSOFSOGeHSrKSroiSaxliSdctsulaeeapbsmvtroeabinnotdrtiioinalis A medium sized to large cycad with an erect trunk. A vigorous, handsome species which will grow in a sunny location or semi-shade. To 6 metres tallcm 60 cm 2 – 3 metres long – bright green Occurs in Tanzania and Kenya Tropical and subtropical and warm temperate regions.
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ENCEPHALARTOS Kisambo A large cycad with erect or leaning trunk. A majestic, fast growing species which can be grown in full sun but whose best appearance is attained with some protection. To 4 metres tall cm 60 cm 2 – 4 metres long – soapy green Endemic to southern Kenya where it is restricted to isolated mountains in the Voi district Tropical and subtropical and warm temperate regions.Cycad Catalog | 19
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ENCEPHALARTOS Sclavoi A medium sized cycad with a subterranean or emergent, erect trunk. An extremely attractive species that grows vigorously in full sun or semi-shade. To 1 metre tallcm 35 cm 1.75 – 2 metres long – dark green to blue- green Endemic to the western Usambara Mountains in north-eastern Tanzania, close to the border with Kenya Tropical to subtropical regions
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ENCEPHALARTOS Septentrionalis A medium sized cycad usually with a subterranean trunks or with a very short trunk. Plants will grow in full sun or filtered sun. To 2.5 metres tall cm 75 cm 1 – 1.5 metres long – light green Occurs in northern Uganda and southern Sudan Tropical and subtropical regionsCycad Catalog | 21
ZAMIA Amblyphyllidia A small cycad with much- branched tuberous subterranean stems. A very hardy and adaptable species Subterraneancm 20 cm 0.7 – 1.5 metres long – dark green Occurs in Jamaica, western parts of Cuba and central parts of Puerto Rico near the coast Subtropical and warm temperate regions.
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ZAMIA Integrifolia 'Palatka Giant' Robust, fast growing, full sun to part shade. A small cycad with much- branched, subterranean stems. Grows well in cultivation and is generally trouble-free. The small size makes it a fine border plant or for use in any cramped garden space. Multi-headed specimens are good subjects for bonsai and in other types of planters. To 1.3 metres tall cmCycad Catalog | 25
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ZAMIA Integrifolia 'Sarasota' ZAMIA Species Available •••ZZAZAAMMMIAIIAAAIImnntbteelgygrpriifhfooyllliilaaid''iPSaaalraatskoataG' iant' Robust, fast growing, full sun to part shade. A small cycad with much- •ZAMIA Loddigesii branched, subterranean stems. •ZAMIA Furfuracea Grows well in cultivation and is generally trouble-free. The small •ZAMIA Spartea size makes it a fine border plant •ZAMIA Variegata or for use in any cramped garden •ZAMIA Vazquezii space. Multi-headed specimens are good subjects for bonsai and in other types of planters. To 1.3 metres tallcm
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ZAMIA Loddigesii A moderately ornamental species. Small to medium sized cycad with rarely branch, subterranean stems. It is a hardy and adaptable cycad which can be grown in full sun or semi-shade in a range of well- drained soils. 30 cm tall cm 12 cm 0.4 – 1.5 metres long – bright green to yellow-green Occurs in Oaxaca, Veracruz and Tabasco, Mexico Tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regionsCycad Catalog | 27
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ZAMIA Furfuracea A small to medium sized cycad with much-branched, subterranean stems. The adaptability of this species makes it one of the best cycads for indoor decoration, as a bonsai subject or in containers on verandahs and patios Subterraneancm 20 cm 0.5 – 1.5 metres long Occurs in south-eastern parts of Veracruz in eastern Mexico Tropical, subtropical and temperate regions and is always best in sunny situations. This species has been reported as surviving temperatures down to -9°C
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ZAMIA Spartea A very distinctive, but restricted and rare species. A small cycad with simple or branched wrinkled subterranean stems. Subterranean cm 10 cm 0.3 – 0.6 cm long Restricted to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in Chiapas, Mexico but extending to adjacent areas in Oaxaca Subtropical and warm temperate regionsCycad Catalog | 29
ZAMIA Vazquezii A small cycad which in nature develops an irregularly swollen, slender subterranean stem. Very adaptable and easy to grow under a wide variety of conditions. Often grown as a border plants in cycad collections. It does well in a container. Plants are tolerant of light frosts but may shed all leaves which are usually replaced during a flush of growth in spring To 30 cm long cm 10 cm 0.3 – 1.5 metres long Occurs in northern parts of Veracruz, Mexico Subtropical and warm temperate regionsCycad Catalog | 31 | eng | 2de030ec-05e3-44cc-8c15-44aeac37313b | https://fliphtml5.com/tjla/vmym |
Arabic is the fourth most spoken language in the world around 422 million speakers worldwide, specifically spoken in most parts of the arabian peninsula parts of Middle East and North Africa. As there are very few people from the west that speak arabic learning it will make you stand out and would give you an edge over competition even if you are in the west.
I made this course to teach Arabic and make the gap smaller between different cultures.
In this course I will not only teach you how to speak arabic but I will also show you the beauty of music, art, poetry, cuisine and much more that the mass media and movies wouldn't show usually.
It will be an enjoyable experience 💕 | eng | 11ff7456-f7ee-43b9-bf60-0356785985ef | https://www.apprentus.com/in/salma.ad |
neil wrote:
>Yes, Jim D., true sure "they" give you a little red -white and blue
>sticker for your so-called duty to vote.
>But the "they" is a courtesy of the capitalists political state machinery
>for going along with
>and promoting the illusion that common folk have some say-so over the
>governments actions ,
You misunderstand the problem Neil, the common folk *do* have some
say over the government's actions. The problem is that in a
capitalist economy the government itself doesn't have any real say
over the important economic decisions that effect the common folk.
Because these decisions are in private hands, in the hands of those
who own the economy.
Political democracy isn't the solution, but it isn't the main problem
either. It is certainly an improvement over political dictatorship.
(Ask anyone who has lived under a political dictatorship.) But it
isn't economic democracy.
> federal, state city in the USA. This , is this modern monopoly
>capitalist epoch, is the most nausiating deception and deadly lie.
>
>Even as far as social reforms are concerned, who can name any in our
>adult lifetimes that were won (and many were/are to be later stripped down)
>via voting?.
Again you miss the point. Nothing (or nothing I can think of
off-hand) is won *entirely* by voting. There is much more involved.
But since you ask, I'll give you an example of a huge reform that was
won as a result of a vote. The end of the 25 year Indonesian
occupation of east Timor. The vote by itself didn't get the
Indonesians out of course, but it was the key to getting them out.
Once the people of East Timor voted in the independence/autonomy
ballot, the world could no longer deny what was happening. No-one
could any longer deny that Indonesian occupation was illegitimate,
no-one any longer believed that the bloodshed was some kind of
internal war between local factions.
The independence vote clearly turned the tide, it led to a
significant shift in public opinion around the world, particularly in
Australia. This in turn made it impossible for the Australian
government to continue tolerating and supporting the Indonesian
occupation and quickly led to the end of a vicious political
dictatorship.
So don't tell me voting never achieves anything. If the people of
East Timor hadn't risked their lives to vote for independence, they
would have remained a colony. If voting didn't matter, the indonesian
army and militias would not have reacted so violently to the
overwhelming vote for independence.
Bill Bartlett
Bracknell tas
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| eng | 13a39b59-f154-4133-b667-5c75b1b728f6 | https://www.mail-archive.com/marxism-thaxis@buo319b.econ.utah.edu/msg02231.html |
How many babies will a Gemini have?
Air sign Gemini dislikes being alone so having children is a must for them. If not twins, Gemini can expect at least two kids or even three as it may be the second pregnancy that gifts them with twins.
What does the 5th house in astrology mean?
The Fifth House is all about what makes you feel good, whether it's orgasms, attention, or the fulfilling work of a creative project. This House corresponds with Leo energy.
What does yourIs 5th house important?
The 5th house influences our intelligence, creative and innovative abilities. If we have artistic abilities, they are coming out well and giving us happiness, it is happening because of favorable planetary positions in our 5th house.
How can I improve my 5th house in astrology?
If you keep study, keep reading the 5th house becomes strong and it gets activated. So I suggest you to never give up study and reading. Progeny is considered from the 5th house. After marriage when you get the progeny this house gets activated automatically as your child grew.
Which house is for child in astrology 5th house is empty?
If you have an empty 5th House in your natal chart, you didn't need any planets positioned there in order to find activities that bring you joy or have romance in your life. Not having planets in your 5th House doesn't mean that you are destined for a boring and joyless life or never have any romantic relationships.
WhereWhat does it mean to have a lot of 5th house placements?
A 5th house placement may suggest that you are most alive and energetic when you are engaged in creativity and the cultural domain. The 5th House is associated with play, children, hobbies, entertainment, risk-taking, style, romance, and social activities.
What big 3 for Gemini?
Your Gemini Rising Approach Some people like to call the Sun, Moon and Rising signs "The Big Three" of astrology. This does make sense because they are the most important and obvious parts of your birth chart.
What Colour is Gemini?
Known for being curious, affectionate, and kind, Gemini's are born between May 21 and June 21. While green is the main color of their personality, red, pink, black, and white are also associated with the sign.
What does 5th house represent in love?
5th House: Romantic Pleasure, Sex and Fun The 5th house represents pleasure, sex, and fun. It represents that aspect of a relationship that's exciting, light, and playful. It's mostly related to physical love and the romantic pleasures of this world.
Which house in astrology is for career?
The 10th house of your birth chart represents fame, honor, success, working environment, professional choices, livelihood, and the most important aspects of your career.
Which house represents education?
4th house (house of education), 5th house (house of knowledge) and 6th house plays supporting role in competitive exams. If Jupiter, Mercury, Sun and Rahu are strong and posited in 6th house, then it will become easy for the native to clear the exam.
What happens if Sun is in 5th house?
If the Sun is placed in your 5th house, it will make you creative and expressive. You may even find great joy in interesting sports activities, romance, drama and so on. At the same time, there will be some or the other issues with your children.
How do I activate my houses in astrology?
Which planet gives male child?
For a male child, the planets – Sun and Jupiter and for a female child, Mercury should be analysed. The persons who have numbers 1 and 3 in their date of birth usually have the blessings of a male child. The presence of numbers 2, 5, 6 gives daughtersWhat placements indicate children?
The 5th house – is the part of the birth chart that rules children, pregnancy and creativity. Astrologers both ancient and modern have looked to this house for the story around having children that will be played out.
Which planet is responsible for childbirth?
Jupiter in astrology is concerned as the giver planet, and its blessing on the native is hence necessary for childbirth. Apart from this, the position of the lord of the ninth house and the ninth house itself is analysed through the ascendant horoscope to check the possibilities of childbirth for the couple.
Which house in astrology is for marriageWhat does Venus in 5th house mean?
And the placement of Venus in the 5th house (which is the house of love, relationship, children and so on) signifies the strong chances of love and romantic feelings dominating the natives in their young age. The natives exhibit a strong sense of fun, frolic and enjoyment.
What do does Moon in 5th house mean?
Moon in 5th house means that the person will be very emotional and sensitive. The 5th house in Vedic astrology represents a severe inclination of people towards the field of creativity, art, higher education, entertainment, love, and romance | eng | 7c1165b3-ece8-48a0-b259-262f99f3c059 | https://elemental-astrology.com/how-many-babies-will-a-gemini-have/ |
From coin jars to Bitcoin: the new world of charity fundraising
In some shops, there are still a few collection jars about the place, in the same way as you'll probably still find some working fax machines and people using cheque books. But, these days, there are fewer and fewer of them and it's only a matter of time before they give way to digital completely.
While there was perhaps something quirky and fun about dropping a coin in a slot and being rewarded with a sticker, the fact is that the move to digital has benefitted both charities and donors in three key ways:
1. Greater safety
Sadly, charity boxes were never immune to theft and while the digital world cannot be said to be completely secure either, especially as cryptocurrencies are still finding their feet, the average financial services company can be expected to have higher security than a charity box by a shop till.
2. Improved communication between charities and donors
Donations left in charity boxes were anonymous, which denied charities the opportunity to connect with people and to try to engage them further even if only by getting them to follow the charity on social media to learn more about it and become ambassadors for it. Digital giving can make it much easier to reach out to donors.
3. Lower processing costs
Physical cash needs to be counted, bagged and deposited in a bank. Digital donations can go straight into a bank account and be recorded in appropriate software, thus reducing processing costs even more.
Charities are now looking to pare transaction costs down to an absolute minimum, which is one of the reasons for their interest in cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. There are, however, a couple of other, significant, reasons, why charities are taking a great interest in cryptocurrency.
Microdonations become a feasible option again
The reason charity boxes were generally placed beside tills was because it made it easy for shoppers just to drop in their small change and, while this might only have been coppers, over time those donations added up.
Even though cash is more labour-intensive to process, established digital payment methods such as payment cards and PayPal also have processing costs, which mean charities have to encourage (or mandate) a minimum level of donation to make the exercise worthwhile, particularly if they were collecting them via third-party sites such as JustGiving, which required payment themselves.
Cryptocurrencies have much lower costs and as their adoption becomes more widespread, we could see the return of the old-fashioned charity jar by the till, but this time in digital form. In addition, as small amounts can be added to a total, without incurring additional charges as it would as a one-off payment, fees are reduced and more of the micro-donation can go straight to the good cause.
So, if you are paying for a product that costs the Bitcoin equivalent of £29.50, the retailer could ask if you want to round this up to the equivalent of £30 and give the difference too, say, the NSPCC. This is a small donation on the part of the individual but can add up to a significant amount for the charity if enough patrons round up to the next pound and donate the difference. | eng | ee408da7-a2c8-4d00-a3d4-0455175db8da | https://weseenow.co.uk/from-coin-jars-to-bitcoin-the-new-world-of-charity-fundraising/ |
Feeling Shaky? Try Belly Breathing to Calm Down and De-Stress
Belly breathing is simple, but it can make a big difference in your mental state.
Image Credit:
damircudic/E+/GettyImages
While inhaling and exhaling is something we're born doing, it's often something we take for granted. But the simple act of breathing can have a significant effect on our day-to-day stress levels, our ability to fight disease and more.
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There are many patterns to consider when it comes to breath exercises — like box breathing, for example — but belly breathing is often considered the 'most efficient' technique.
Video of the Day
Here, we'll break down the benefits of this practice and lay out a step-by-step guide so you can try it yourself.
What Is Belly Breathing?
Belly breathing, or diaphragmatic breathing, is an efficient and calming way to breathe. When a baby first arrives in the world, their natural, innate instinct is to breathe through their belly. When you watch their tiny tummies rise and fall, that's precisely what they are doing, without thinking twice about it.
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"As adults, the more stressed we get, we tend only to breathe partially, and we tend not to use all the lobes of the lungs when we breathe," Annelies Richmond, a breathing expert and the director of teaching training at The Art of Living Retreat Center, tells LIVESTRONG.com. "Belly breathing can restore us to the natural breath we had as a baby, where all five lobes of the lungs are being utilized."
Much like an infant about to fall asleep, when we do belly breathing, the vagus nerve gets stimulated, which activates our relaxation response. It puts our nervous system into parasympathetic mode, Richmond explains. As the heart rate slows, stress lowers naturally.
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4 Benefits of Belly Breathing
With overpacked schedules and demands from every direction of our lives, sometimes it can feel impossible to find a moment to breathe. If you do pause to focus on your inhale and exhale, you'll see essential differences in the way you carry yourself and in your mental energy, Richmond says.
Some benefits of belly breathing in particular include:
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1. It Can Ease Asthma Symptoms
When you have shortness of breath, belly breathing can help by slowing down your breathing and calming you down, according to the American Lung Association.
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Richmond explains those with asthma tend to try to breathe from their chest and shoulders, which isn't a natural state of breathing and can actually make it more difficult. Belly breathing, on the other hand, allows us to use our diaphragm correctly.
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2. It May Help Support Your Immune System
When we take a deep breath in, we fill our lungs with oxygen and prompt our circulatory system to move freely. This act alone can boost our immune system, Richmond says.
"Belly breathing can help us resist any sickness that comes our way, or help to recover from it," she says.
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Research at least shows a connection. In a small study published in the May 2014 issue of PNAS, half the participants were schooled in meditation and breathing for two weeks. Researchers then exposed everyone to a toxin that caused flu-like symptoms. Those who participated in the breathing class were less likely to show symptoms.
3. It Might Help With COPD
Those who have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD, struggle to catch their breath, cough frequently and produce more mucus. One of the best at-home treatments for COPD symptoms is belly breathing, Richmond says, because it can reduce stress on the body.
Belly breathing calms the nerves and encourages deep breathing from the diaphragm, which can reduce wheezing and discomfort, according to the American Lung Association.
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4. It Can Temper Anxiety Attacks
If you're someone who has panic attacks, you likely have felt like you're suffocating or drowning, even if you're nowhere near water.
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"Your breathing feels labored and you may strain to take a deep breath," Richmond says. "The harder you try, often the worse it feels."
Most of the time, someone will try and help you by instructing you to take a big, deep breath. But because you're straining, it doesn't help.
What can make a difference is belly breathing since it takes 'flight or fight' mode and turns it into 'rest and digest' mode instead.
"This cannot be done easily by thinking. But it can be done very effortlessly by consciously changing the way we breathe," Richmond says. "Our breath is our conscious and unconscious gateway into our nervous system." | eng | 63a4eed7-deae-4384-b14f-c86ce0420869 | https://www.livestrong.com/article/13727176-how-to-do-belly-breathing-benefits/ |
Cross-chain
Cross-chain is a property of a blockchain-based system that refers to a protocol or application deployed to multiple blockchains but where the deployments can communicate and interact with each other. A cross-chain deployment differs from one that is multichain in that the former results in a single unified deployment., while the latter results in multiple disconnected or fragmented deployments. Although cross-chain deployments can provide efficiency and user experience advantages over multichain alternatives, they typically bear more significant technological risks because of their greater complexity and dependencies. | eng | 2db5ed4c-4b0b-4c96-a390-6270075e89f2 | https://www.smithandcrown.com/glossary/cross-chain |
Apospyre
Source of Ebony
A species of decideus trees native to the slopes of Mount Ebenos. Its black hard wood is a luxury item supplying the entirety of the Keratos Empire and beyond.
Basic Information
Ecology and Habitats
Apospyres live in temperate areas over a certain altitude.
It presents giant blue flowers whose fruits attracted Megabats up until they were driven off for exploiting the wood safely. As seed dispersors, their absence has been observed to hurt the overall production in modern days.
Scientific Name
Diospyros situlae
Conservation Status
The sustainability of this species is crucial to the Empire from a cultural and financial standpoint. Harvesting too much of it is out of the question. Finding methods to accelerate its growth or allow its spread on new territories is an interesting challenge for Polymaths and naturalists. | eng | 1f40a69e-e4e4-4468-830b-5388917f4a7a | https://www.worldanvil.com/w/orbido-arklaw/a/apospyre-species |
What Is Little Space?
Are you curious to know what is little space? You have come to the right place as I am going to tell you everything about little space in a very simple explanation. Without further discussion let's begin to know what is little space?
In the vast realm of human emotions and experiences, there exists a fascinating phenomenon known as "little space." Little space is a term used within the adult age-play community to describe a state of regression or childlike mindset that some individuals willingly and consensually enter. It offers a unique opportunity for relaxation, self-care, and a break from the pressures of adulthood. In this blog post, we will delve into the concept of little space, exploring its meaning, benefits, and the importance of consent and self-care within this practice.
What Is Little Space?
Little space refers to a state of being in which an adult engages in activities or adopts behaviors typically associated with younger ages. It is often characterized by a shift in mindset, where the individual temporarily embraces childlike innocence, curiosity, and playfulness. This regression may involve engaging in age-appropriate activities such as coloring, watching cartoons, playing with toys, or even speaking in a childlike manner.
Consent And Boundaries:
It is crucial to emphasize that engaging in little space activities should be consensual and practiced in a safe and responsible manner. This practice is not a reflection of pedophilia or any form of child exploitation. It is a consensual adult activity that focuses on personal self-care and stress relief.
Consent between all parties involved is essential. If you engage in little space as part of a relationship or dynamic, clear boundaries and agreements should be established beforehand to ensure the comfort and well-being of all participants. Open communication, trust, and respect for each other's limits are fundamental pillars of a healthy little space experience.
Benefits Of Little Space:
Stress Relief and Relaxation: Entering little space allows individuals to temporarily escape the stresses and responsibilities of adult life. It provides an opportunity to disconnect from daily worries and immerse oneself in a more carefree and innocent mindset, promoting relaxation and stress relief.
Self-Care and Emotional Healing: Little space can serve as a form of self-care, providing a safe and nurturing space to address emotional needs. Engaging in activities that bring joy, comfort, and nostalgia can help individuals tap into their inner child, explore unresolved emotions, and promote emotional healing and self-discovery.
Creative Outlet and Playfulness: Little space encourages creativity and playfulness. Engaging in activities such as coloring, crafting, or imaginative play allows individuals to reconnect with their sense of wonder, foster creativity, and indulge in innocent fun.
Connection and Intimacy: For those who engage in little space as part of a relationship, it can foster a unique sense of connection and intimacy with their partner. Sharing this vulnerable and authentic part of oneself can deepen emotional bonds and strengthen the relationship.
Conclusion:
Little space is a consensual adult practice that allows individuals to temporarily regress into a childlike mindset, engaging in activities that promote relaxation, self-care, and emotional healing. It is important to approach little space with open communication, clear boundaries, and a focus on self-care and consent. By embracing the innocent and playful aspects of our inner child, we can tap into a source of joy, creativity, and emotional well-being. Whether you engage in little space as a personal practice or as part of a relationship, it is a reminder that nurturing our inner child can be a valuable tool for self-discovery and holistic well-being.
FAQ
What Is Little Space Used For?
Little space is a mindset in which an adult relaxes into a state of carefree, responsibility-free safety. It may be a developed time in which an adult relives childhood memories, scenarios, or desires that were unachievable in their adolescence.
What Is Age Regression Or Little Space?
What Is Age Regression? Age regression is a temporary or long-term reversal of behavior to earlier states of development. It is normal and expected in children but does occur in adulthood as well. People sometimes revert to childlike behavior to cope with trauma, stress, severe illness, or mental health disorders.
What Is Little Space For Beginners?What Does It Mean To Have A Little Headspace?
The dictionary defines headspace as a person's state of mind or mindset – something that's very important not only in life in general, but especially in the workplace.
I Have Covered All The Following Queries And Topics In The Above Article | eng | c32630fc-38d2-4f72-a143-7e360c87b19c | https://flagizzy.com/what-is-little-space/ |
The Kinds of Things a Business Will Test For
Businesses test for a variety of reasons. One of the most important is to ensure that their products and services are up to par with customer expectations. This involves rigorous quality assurance (QA) testing, which helps to identify any glitches or problems before they can do too much damage.
When it comes to computer software, a codeless automated testing approach is becoming the preferred method. This is because it speeds up the process of software testing and eliminates the chance of human error missing the bugs that are going to matter, or at least helps pick up as many as possible. That is what all businesses using the software will want and expect.
Software Testing
Software testing then is an important part of business operations. By identifying and fixing software issues early on, businesses can avoid costly mistakes and keep their systems running smoothly. There are many different types of software testing services, each with its advantages and disadvantages. This article will focus on these different kinds of tests.
The problem with manual testing is that there are so many errors to look out for. Tired eyes will invariably miss things when the monotony of checking software code manually comes into play. An automated software checker, on the other hand, will never tire and continue looking for the errors it is programmed to find.
Unit Testing
Unit testing is a type of software testing that focuses on individual units of code, such as classes and methods. This helps to ensure that the code is error-free and functioning as intended. Unit tests are typically written by developers during the coding process.
Integration Testing
Integration testing is a kind of software testing that focuses on how different units of code work together. This is important for ensuring that the various components of a system are compatible and functioning correctly. Integration tests are typically conducted by quality assurance teams after the code has been written.
System Testing
System testing focuses on the entire system, rather than individual units of code. This assists in ensuring that the system as a whole is functioning correctly. System tests are generally carried out by QA teams once the code has been written but before its release to customers.
Acceptance Testing
Acceptance testing is about whether or not a system meets the requirements of the customer. This is important for ensuring that the system is usable and meets the needs of the customer. Acceptance tests are typically run by QA teams after the code has been written and before it is released to consumers.
Quality Assurance Testing
Quality assurance (QA) testing is a form of testing that is focused on the quality of a product or service. This helps to make sure that the product or service meets the standards set by the business. QA testing tends to be carried out by QA teams before and after the code is written.
Businesses test for a variety of reasons. One of the most important is to ensure that their products and services are in keeping with customer expectations. This involves thorough quality assurance testing, which helps to identify any errors before they have a chance to cause major problems.
Businesses test a variety of things to ensure that their products and services are up to standard. Quality assurance (QA) testing is one important type of business testing that helps identify errors and potential problems with software before they impact negatively. Such testing offers comprehensive QA testing services so your business can be confident that its software is working correctly and meets all requirements. To get started, you only need to check out an online service that can not only supply the software to those who need it but will also generally offer a service that helps staff install and use the software for software testing purposes | eng | 6641cdee-1c07-4d02-bca9-ff907d4336be | https://trans4mind.com/counterpoint/index-internet/things-business-will-test-for.html |
Aura Bamboo | eng | eb27af69-9bea-4a2d-8f50-84bf8c625825 | https://bellandtodd.pixels.com/featured/aura-bamboo-bell-and-todd.html?product=canvas-print |
Phalacrocoracidae – Cormorants & shags
We don't need to drink water: all the water they require is provided by fish that they eat
Cormorants and shags are so adept at hunting that fishermen see them as a threat to fish stocks and have used captive birds to increase their own hauls. These aquatic hunters catch larger fish species by diving from the water's surface, using their wide webbed feet for propulsion. However, their plumage is easily waterlogged, so the birds must return to shore to dry off between fishing trips.
Cormorants and shags usually nest on the ground, although some species build rough nests in trees. Both the male and female birds of a breeding pair share the parental responsibilities of nest building, incubation of their eggs, and chick-rearing. | eng | d64dd366-3386-47c2-8921-9f8c393edd34 | https://biodb.com/taxa/cormorants-and-shags/ |
Start World Environment Day on the right note with your students with a mindful nature break.
ACTIVITY OUTLINE:
Experience the positive impacts of immersing the senses and improve curiosity, cognition and behaviour, in this playful hands on nature connection session. Create calm and reduce stress in the classroom.
Presented by a trained, experienced nature educator and forest therapy guide students will be encouraged to :
foster a deeper awareness
enrich their natural curiosity, empathy, and other important human qualities
be encouraged to reflect and use the experience to form a strong respect and connection to nature
Curriculum
Main KLA, Strand, Sub Strand
Terms and Conditions | eng | 5bd3567c-8d4f-431e-91b9-2f38cb18ee96 | https://dartlearning.org.au/excursion/world-environment-day-nature-break/ |
Education
Increasing the effectiveness of education
The American Institutes for Research® (AIR) is committed to increasing the effectiveness of education at all levels through rigorous research and evaluation, training, and technical assistance. Our work spans the learning lifespan—from pre-K to postsecondary education, career readiness, and adult education—and focuses on a wide range of topics, including STEM, social and emotional learning, and state and federal education policies.
Our rigorous, state-of-the-art research and evaluation work provides important evidence for education policymakers and practitioners to use when answering crucial questions about program implementation, challenges, and solutions. Through our technical assistance work, our experts help clients address educational issues and challenges at the local, state, national, and international levels by applying evidence-based practices in educational and community settings.
Education policy experts Laura Hamilton and Orrin Murray analyze scholarly information and historical context about DARPA, ARPA-E, and ARPA-H and apply that learning to education research and its contexts, with the goal of informing the design and implementation of a National Center for Advanced Development in Education.By strengthening the skills, such as communication, collaboration, and problem-solving, that youth need for academic success, well-being, and career opportunities, SEL can help young people thrive while they are in school and as they mature into adults. In this Q&A, Nick Yoder provides insights for states and school districts seeking ...
Researchers focused on integrating computational thinking into the K-5 instruction of general elementary and elementary bilingual teachers in southern Oregon developed a researcher-practitioner partnership (RPP) with funding from the National Science Foundation. AIR was the evaluation partner on SOCSforAll. ...
The Research on International Studies in Education (RISE) Webinar Series, organized by AIR, showcases research using data from international studies and promotes sharing and discussion about how data-based evidence can be used for improving educational outcomes.
U.S. businesses are facing challenges filling so-called "middle-skills" jobs in trades, telecommunications, health care, IT, and similar professions. Career and Technical Education (CTE) is an existing and promising pathway that can address this gap.
Career and technical education (CTE) is a critical strategy for preparing youth and adults for careers and addressing the skills gap—a disparity between the skills job-seekers offer and the skills that employers need. Nationwide, AIR is supporting organizations large and small to strengthen CTE through rigorous research, evaluation, and technical ...
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) benchmarks educational progress of students across the U.S. In this Q&A, Markus Broer explains how NAEP allows for apples-to-apples comparisons across states and districts, how AIR helps validate NAEP's results, and important trends in educational outcomes. ...
The Bridges Collaborative provides a unique opportunity to explore desegregation and integration efforts in diverse contexts and address some of the gaps in the research. Through this work, we sought both to address gaps in the research and to serve the needs and interests of Bridges Collaborative members. ...
High-wage, high-demand occupations are often male-dominated and present significant barriers to entry and retention for women. This infographic presents promising strategies for addressing barriers to both entry and retention for women in pursuing such occupations. | eng | 17cc0449-57f0-426c-beb4-19bce726497f | https://www.air.org/our-work/education |
Little Miss HISTORY Travels to SEQUOIA NATIONAL PARK by Barbara Ann Mojica.
2017 BOOK EXCELLENCE AWARD WINNER IN CHILDREN'S NONFICTION
2017 READER'S FAVORITE FINALIST AWARD
JUVENILE/NONFICTION2014 HONORABLE MENTION
CLIPPA AWARD WINNER OF A B.R.A.G. MEDALLION
In Book Three of the series, Little Miss HISTORY is flying across the North American continent to the recesses of Sequoia National Park, where she skydives into "land of the living giants." Through breathtaking illustrations, adventurers will traverse its trails and immerse themselves in the awesome beauty and magnificence of Sequoia National Park. Readers will also discover the hidden dangers lurking there.
WHAT YOU WILL LEARN…Things to do in this park· The differences between redwood and sequoia trees· Famous places in the park· What can be made from these trees· How many animals live in the park· What kind of animals are found here· Who is the Father of National Parks· What president built a stairway to Moro Rock· What "living memorial" to veterans is here· What is the big problem in Sequoia National Park· Is there a solution to this problem.
Review by Mamta Madhavan for Readers' Favorite: The author has covered diverse topics associated with the Sequoia National Park – the history that dates back to the Native Americans, trees, the Gold Rush, the different species of wild animals found there, air pollution, and the creation of the National Park. The book makes history lessons interesting for students and makes them more curious to learn about history and National Parks. The book is highly useful for teachers, parents, and educators to use in classrooms and homes.
Review by Charles Bray, UK Educator: "From the wonderful, rhyming introduction, through to the prelude to her next book, the young reader is treated to a veritable treasure trove of facts that are gleaned from an exciting visit to the Sequoia National Park. I have tutored children in the UK for many years and am fully aware that it is always imperative to hold the child's attention by providing interesting stimuli around the subject." Barbara Ann Mojica delivers on all fronts with this great little book.
Review by Reviewed by Judith Addington, CEO of Cool Kids: "…such a fun way to learn history!! This book starts with a bang … and is packed full of historical facts about Sequoia National Park told in a way that will entice children to become curious about finding out more. I know I am!"
Review by Werner Stejskal, Children's Book Author: "What can I say that has not been said before? Marvelous illustrations and a neat way to keep learning interesting for kids. Who has not been bored by school lessons? This book series will hold the children's interest and surely visual learning stays with you much longer."
From the Author: "IF YOU DON'T KNOW YOUR HISTORY, YOU DON'T KNOW WHAT YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT."
From the Back Cover: WHAT READERS ARE SAYING: " I love Barbara's books- they are treasures to be unwrapped and gifts to be opened and read for kids and adults alike! by Judith
"If you are looking for supplementary history materials to help you explain lessons in a fun, accurate way, this is the book for you." by Books That Sow Strength, Character & Diversity | eng | d93fc3b2-2d41-446a-a0db-2f3e8693cb7a | https://bookmarketingglobalnetwork.com/book-marketing-global-network/little-miss-history-travels-to-sequoia-national-park-by-barbara-ann-mojica/ |
Survival to Thrivival – How to stop the cycle of stress and start thriving
Jun 08 2018, 2:00pm UTC
Duration: 47 mins
Presented by
Jane Jackson, Energy Practitioner and Soul Coach
About this talk
You've got so used to stress in your lives, that you barely notice it anymore. You may even kid yourselves that it's ok, that it's normal. That it is good enough to just 'get by'. You are hard wired for survival and you are rocking it!
But why is it so difficult to move out of stress and survival?
What difference would it make to your life if you switched your focus to thriving?
And how could you make that switch from survival to thrivival?
Where would you even start to unravel your programming that has you coasting in survival mode?
During this webinar, Jane Jackson, Energy Practitioner and Soul Coach will be answering these questions and more, sharing with you some tools and techniques that I know really do help.I'm open about sharing my own personal journey, overcoming the legacy of trauma to find a way to thrive, to help others find the courage to face their demons and embrace all that life throws at them with peace and joy | eng | 507e18e5-27b7-4276-a756-eb2eef3e67fd | https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/16591/319793 |
What is: Work and Turn ?
Share
Link
A term used when one side of a sheet of paper is printed and then the second side is printed after turning the sheet over from left to right. Here, the same plate and gripper are used for both sides of the sheet. | eng | 8ee9b98d-44ef-4f20-ba17-07c519f110c2 | https://printpeppermint.com/blogs/printing-terms-glossary/what-is-work-and-turn |
Machine Learning for Employment Discrimination Analysis
September 18, 2023
Bonus:Download the entire article,plus exclusive action-items that will show you how to implement the tactics and tips written about in this article.
In recent years, machine learning has made remarkable strides in various domains, and its applications in the legal sector have been no exception. Legal AI, powered by machine learning algorithms, has become a valuable tool for lawyers and organizations to streamline legal practice and improve decision-making processes. One critical area where machine learning has demonstrated significant potential is in analyzing employment discrimination cases. In this article, we will delve into the intricate world of Machine Learning for Employment Discrimination Analysis, exploring its applications, benefits, challenges, and the legal implications surrounding its use.
Understanding the Role of Machine Learning in Legal AI
The Intersection of Legal Practice and Machine Learning
Legal practice has historically been a labor-intensive field, requiring attorneys and legal professionals to sift through vast amounts of documents, precedents, and case law to make informed decisions. Machine learning, with its ability to process large datasets and identify patterns, has revolutionized how legal professionals approach their work.
Legal AI powered by machine learning can assist lawyers in numerous ways, from document review and contract analysis to predictive analytics. In the context of employment discrimination analysis, machine learning algorithms can help legal professionals identify hidden biases, uncover discriminatory practices, and make data-driven decisions that can be crucial in litigation.
The Benefits of Using Machine Learning for Employment Discrimination Analysis
Enhanced Efficiency
One of the primary benefits of employing machine learning in employment discrimination analysis is the significant boost in efficiency. Traditional methods of reviewing documents and identifying potential discrimination cases can be time-consuming and error-prone. Machine learning algorithms can quickly scan through thousands of documents, extracting relevant information and highlighting potential issues.
This efficiency not only saves time but also allows legal professionals to focus on higher-level tasks, such as strategizing and building strong cases, rather than getting lost in the paperwork. Additionally, it helps in reducing the backlog of cases, ensuring that justice is served more promptly.
Image Credit: Pixabay
Improved Accuracy
Machine learning algorithms are trained to recognize patterns and anomalies in data, making them invaluable in detecting subtle signs of employment discrimination. They can analyze historical data, employee records, performance reviews, and other relevant information to identify potential discrimination cases that may have been overlooked by human reviewers.
The increased accuracy in identifying discrimination cases can lead to fairer outcomes for employees and employers alike. By leveraging machine learning, legal professionals can ensure that no stone is left unturned when investigating potential instances of discrimination.
Data-Driven Insights
Machine learning doesn't just stop at identifying potential discrimination cases; it also provides valuable insights through data analysis. By examining patterns in discrimination cases over time, legal AI can help organizations pinpoint areas where discrimination is more likely to occur, allowing for proactive measures to be taken.
For example, a company may discover that a particular department consistently faces higher discrimination complaints. Armed with this knowledge, they can implement targeted diversity and inclusion initiatives and provide additional training to employees in that department.
Overcoming Challenges in Employment Discrimination Analysis
While machine learning offers significant advantages in employment discrimination analysis, it is not without its challenges. Understanding and addressing these challenges is essential to harnessing the full potential of this technology.
Data Bias
One of the primary concerns in employing machine learning for employment discrimination analysis is the presence of bias in the training data. If the training dataset used to develop machine learning models contains biased or incomplete information, the models themselves can perpetuate these biases. This could result in unfair or inaccurate assessments of discrimination cases.
To mitigate data bias, it's crucial to curate diverse and representative datasets, ensuring that the models are trained on a broad spectrum of cases and scenarios. Additionally, continuous monitoring and auditing of the models can help identify and rectify any bias that may emerge during their use.
Interpretability and Accountability
Machine learning models, particularly deep learning models, can be complex and challenging to interpret. This lack of interpretability can pose a problem in the legal context, where transparency and accountability are paramount.
Legal professionals must be able to explain and justify the decisions made by machine learning models, especially when they have significant implications for individuals or organizations. Developing methods for model interpretability and ensuring that the decisions made align with legal standards are ongoing challenges in the field.
Ethical Considerations
As with any technology, the use of machine learning in employment discrimination analysis raises ethical questions. It's essential to consider the potential consequences of automated decision-making and the impact it may have on individuals and society as a whole.
For example, relying solely on machine learning models to assess discrimination cases without human oversight may lead to unjust outcomes. Striking the right balance between automation and human judgment is crucial to ensure fairness and accountability in the legal process.
Image Credit: Pixabay
The Legal Implications of Machine Learning in Employment Discrimination Analysis
The use of machine learning in employment discrimination analysis has legal implications that must be carefully navigated. These implications touch upon various aspects of the legal system, including privacy, discrimination laws, and the role of legal professionals.
Privacy Concerns
The collection and analysis of vast amounts of data, often including personal information, raise concerns about privacy. Individuals have a right to privacy, and the use of their data for discrimination analysis must comply with relevant privacy laws and regulations.
Legal AI should be designed to protect sensitive information and ensure that data is handled securely and in accordance with legal requirements. Clear policies and procedures should be in place to address data privacy concerns and gain the trust of individuals involved in discrimination cases.
Compliance with Discrimination Laws
Employment discrimination analysis is closely tied to discrimination laws and regulations. Machine learning models used in this context must adhere to these laws and provide fair and unbiased assessments.
Legal professionals and organizations must ensure that the use of machine learning in discrimination analysis does not result in discriminatory practices themselves. Compliance with existing laws is crucial to avoid legal repercussions.
The Role of Legal Professionals
While machine learning can enhance efficiency and accuracy in employment discrimination analysis, it should complement rather than replace legal professionals. The human element, including legal judgment, ethical considerations, and empathy, plays a crucial role in ensuring fair outcomes in discrimination cases.
Legal AI should be viewed as a tool to assist legal professionals in their work rather than a replacement for their expertise. Lawyers should remain actively involved in the decision-making process and exercise their judgment based on legal principles and ethical considerations.
To delve deeper into the realm of machine learning for employment discrimination analysis, it's essential to explore the specific algorithms and techniques employed in this field. These algorithms play a pivotal role in uncovering patterns and making predictions related to discrimination cases.
Logistic Regression
Logistic regression is a commonly used machine learning algorithm in the context of employment discrimination analysis. It's a type of supervised learning algorithm that is well-suited for binary classification tasks, such as determining whether a discrimination case is likely to be valid or not.
In this approach, historical discrimination cases are used to train the model. The algorithm learns the relationship between various features (e.g., demographic information, employment history) and the binary outcome (discrimination or no discrimination). Once trained, the model can predict the likelihood of discrimination for new cases based on their features.
Logistic regression is valued for its simplicity and interpretability. Legal professionals can examine the coefficients of the model to understand which factors contribute most significantly to discrimination predictions. However, it may not capture complex, non-linear relationships in the data, which is a limitation in cases where discrimination may manifest in subtle ways.
Decision Trees and Random Forests
Decision trees and random forests are versatile machine learning algorithms used in employment discrimination analysis. Decision trees, in particular, are known for their ability to represent complex decision-making processes in a visually intuitive manner.
A decision tree splits the data into subsets based on the values of input features, making binary decisions at each node. These splits are determined by maximizing the separation of discrimination and non-discrimination cases. Decision trees are relatively interpretable, allowing legal professionals to trace the decision path and understand which features contribute to the final outcome.
Random forests, on the other hand, are an ensemble technique that combines multiple decision trees to improve accuracy and reduce overfitting. They are particularly useful when dealing with noisy or complex datasets. Random forests provide feature importance scores, aiding in the identification of discriminatory factors.
Support Vector Machines (SVM)
Support Vector Machines (SVM) are another valuable tool in employment discrimination analysis. SVMs are effective in finding a hyperplane that best separates discrimination and non-discrimination cases in high-dimensional feature spaces.
The key idea behind SVMs is to find the hyperplane that maximizes the margin between the two classes while minimizing misclassifications. This margin represents the confidence of the model's predictions. SVMs are especially useful when dealing with cases where the discrimination boundary is not linear but can be nonlinearly transformed into a higher-dimensional space.
However, SVMs may require careful parameter tuning, and their interpretation can be challenging in high-dimensional spaces. Legal professionals often work closely with data scientists to ensure the appropriate use of SVMs in discrimination analysis.
Neural Networks
Neural networks, particularly deep learning models, have gained traction in various fields, including employment discrimination analysis. These models consist of layers of interconnected nodes, or neurons, which can capture intricate patterns in data.
Deep learning models are capable of handling large, unstructured datasets, such as text and images, making them suitable for complex discrimination cases. Natural language processing (NLP) techniques, when combined with neural networks, can analyze textual data, such as employee complaints or HR records, to identify potential instances of discrimination.
The challenge with deep learning models lies in their complexity and the need for substantial amounts of labeled training data. Interpretability is also a concern, as neural networks can be seen as "black boxes," making it difficult to explain their decision-making processes. Efforts to improve interpretability and fairness in deep learning are ongoing in the field of legal AI.
Natural Language Processing (NLP)
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a subfield of machine learning that focuses on the interaction between computers and human language. In the context of employment discrimination analysis, NLP techniques are crucial for processing and understanding textual data, such as employee complaints, emails, or legal documents.
NLP algorithms can perform tasks such as sentiment analysis to gauge the emotional tone of text, entity recognition to identify names and organizations, and topic modeling to uncover hidden themes within large text corpora. These capabilities enable legal professionals to extract valuable insights from text data, potentially revealing discriminatory practices or biased language.
However, NLP comes with its own set of challenges, including the need for labeled training data, handling unstructured text, and addressing potential biases in language models. Legal AI developers work on adapting NLP techniques to the unique requirements of employment discrimination analysis while ensuring fairness and accuracy.
Moving Forward in Legal AI and Employment Discrimination Analysis
The field of machine learning for employment discrimination analysis is continuously evolving, driven by advancements in technology and a growing awareness of the importance of diversity, equity, and inclusion in the workplace. As legal AI continues to mature, it's crucial for legal professionals to stay informed about the latest developments and best practices in this domain.
To harness the full potential of machine learning in employment discrimination analysis, consider the following steps:
Collaboration: Foster collaboration between legal professionals and data scientists or machine learning experts. Effective communication and a shared understanding of the legal and technical aspects are essential.
Interpretability: Explore methods for making machine learning models more interpretable. Explainable AI techniques can help legal professionals understand and trust the decisions made by algorithms.
Ethical Considerations: Engage in discussions about the ethical implications of using machine learning in employment discrimination analysis. Consider the potential impact on individuals and society and work to strike the right balance between automation and human judgment.
Conclusion
Machine learning for employment discrimination analysis is a promising application of legal AI that offers enhanced efficiency, improved accuracy, and data-driven insights in the legal field. However, it comes with its own set of challenges, including data bias, interpretability issues, and ethical considerations. Navigating the legal implications of using machine learning in discrimination analysis is crucial to ensuring fair and just outcomes.
As technology continues to advance, legal professionals and organizations must strike a balance between harnessing the power of machine learning and upholding the principles of justice, fairness, and accountability in employment discrimination cases. By embracing technology while remaining vigilant about its ethical and legal implications, the legal community can leverage the benefits of machine learning to promote a more equitable workplace and society as a whole.
In conclusion, machine learning holds immense promise in the realm of employment discrimination analysis, offering legal professionals valuable tools to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and fairness in addressing discrimination cases. By navigating the challenges and ethical considerations thoughtfully, legal AI can contribute to a more equitable and just workplace for all. | eng | 6e80984d-c5c4-4cf3-b5f5-40ca0990da99 | https://powerpatent.com/blog/machine-learning-for-employment-discrimination-analysis |
I have a question regarding the compilation of Quran. I am a student of world religions in today's era, we have been taught that the Quran was verbally transmitted for about 20 years after the Prophet's martyrdom until Abubakr wrote it down.
The question arises that with the oral transmittion there could be potential misinterpretation of Quran.
I know as per Shias, Imam Ali as has compiled the Quran but was it done after 20 years and was actually Quran transmitted orally or the verses were written down during the Prophet's PBUH life?
It was always written from the time of the holy prophet saawa. He had scribes who used to write. They also memorized it for further protection. Quran refers to itself as Ketab which is written and compiled book | eng | 53062992-4636-41c4-b847-1b45fd0b0dfa | https://www.askthosewhoknow.org/archives/question/i-have-a-question-regarding-the-compilation-of-quranbri-am-a-student-of-world-religions-in-today39s-era-we-have-been-taught-that-the-quran-was-verbally-transmitted-for-about-20-years-after-the |
How do you access enum values in rust?
1 answer
In Rust, you can access the variants of an enumeration (enum) using the dot (.) notation, just like accessing the fields of a struct. Here's an example of how you might access the variants of an enum in Rust: | eng | 3cf58c3e-675c-4c34-9ffe-c09cab23b923 | https://devhubby.com/thread/how-do-you-access-enum-values-in-rust |
That new albums slaps... HARD. It's a glorious return from one of heavy music's best bands.
OK, it's not strictly thrash metal, but it does have elements of it amongst the noise and hardcore. Turn this on and I guarantee you'll find a part that you like. It's heavier in places, so prepare for bruises on your ears! | eng | 5c9dc828-6ef5-4012-a810-6d4c4955d500 | https://community.spotify.com/t5/Music-Exchange/M-THRASH-Metal/td-p/2013985/highlight/true/page/3 |
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Bottom Line
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Sara Drotman
Psychologist,
PsyD(she, her)My approach to psychotherapy is grounded in a strong belief that individuals have the ability to recover from trauma, addiction, and mental health conditions. I am committed to using evidence-based treatments, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) or Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), to help you achieve your goals for mental wellness.
While the work of therapy can be challenging, I hope you choose to take this next step towards recovery. It takes strength to make changes in your life and courage to ask for help in doing so. Together, we can help you understand and address your mental health concerns so that you can return to living your life.
Groups
Distress Tolerance is one of four modules that make up Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). Distress tolerance skills help individuals tolerate and survive crisis situations without making things worse (crisis survival skills), especially when one cannot make the situation better right away. Distress tolerance skills also teach individuals how to use acceptance as a tool to reduce suffering and build a life worth living (reality acceptance skills). Additionally, this group will cover a set of skills to utilize when the crisis one is dealing with is addiction. | eng | cc274d7f-c184-46ac-92a6-9a8dc9d876a8 | https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/therapists/sara-drotman-corte-madera-ca/805677 |
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In the field of natural language semantics, the term fragment usually refers to a limited portion of a language, for which explicit syntactic and semantic rules are given. For example, Montague (1973) opens with the statement "The aim of this paper is to present in a rigorous way the syntax and semantics of a certain fragment of a certain dialect of English."
This use of the term fragment seems obviously to be based on an earlier usage in logic, for a logical system obtained by limiting the language of some other logical system to just those formulae meeting certain syntactic conditions. Often, such fragments are identified in order to show that one system has at least the expressive or deductive power of some other system. For example, by showing that formulae from some modal logic can be systematically translated into corresponding formulae of first-order predicate logic, you can show that the modal logic is equivalent to a specific "fragment" of first-order predicate logic, and therefore has the same expressive power (which might be less than the expressive power of first-order predicate logic as a whole).
I have been unable to identify with certainty when or by whom this use of fragment was first introduced, but an early appearance is in Quine (1940), p. 317. (The relevant passage is in the first edition only, and is omitted from later editions.)
More interesting to me (and I suspect, to many readers) is the question of when and by whom fragment was first used for a formally defined portion of a natural language like English (or its grammar). Until recently, I would have guessed that this originated with Montague — probably Montague (1970), where it appears in the second paragraph. It turns out this is not the case.
I was quite surprised to find that that Noam Chomsky appears to be earliest author to use the term fragment in this way. In 1958, he presented a paper titled 'A Fragment of English Grammar' at the Third Texas Conference on Problems of Linguistic Analysis in English. The conference proceedings were published in 1962; unfortunately, I have not been able to obtain a copy.
Other early (pre-Montague) uses of fragment for natural language may be found in descriptions of a series of research projects conducted by the Data Processing Systems Division of the U.S. National Bureau of Standards. Here is an example from 1960.
References
Chomsky (1962) 'A Fragment of English Grammar', in Third Texas Conference on Problems of Linguistic Analysis in English, ed. by Archibald Hill. University of Texas at Austin.
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My thanks go to Jim Blevins, who pointed out to me a couple of early uses of fragment by C.S. Peirce. One is from his (1896) paper 'The Regenerated Logic' (The Monist 7.1.17-40):
Of what use does this new logical doctrine promise to be? The first service it may be expected to render is that of correcting a considerable number of hasty assumptions about logic which have been allowed to affect philosophy. In the next place, if Kant has shown that metaphysical conceptions spring from formal logic, this great generalisation upon formal logic must lead to a new apprehension of the metaphysical conceptions which shall render them more adequate to the needs of science. In short, "exact" logic will prove a stepping-stone to "exact" metaphysics. In the next place, it must immensely widen our logical notions. For example, a class consisting of a lot of things jumbled higgledy-piggledy must now be seen to be but a degenerate form of the more general idea of a system. Generalisation, which has hitherto meant passing to a larger class, must mean taking in the conception of the whole system of which we see but a fragment, etc., etc. (p. 39)
The other is from the preface to Logic and Mathematics:
Thus, the ordinary logic has a great deal to say about genera and species, or in our nineteenth century dialect, about classes. Now, a class is a set of objects comprising all that stand to one another in a special relation of similarity. But where ordinary logic talks of classes the logic of relatives talks of systems. A system is a set of objects comprising all that stand to one another in a group of connected relations. Induction according to ordinary logic rises from the contemplation of a sample of a class to that of the whole class; but according to the logic of relatives it rises from the contemplation of a fragment of a system to the envisagement of the complete system.
I am unsure of where or when this second text was originally published, but like the first one, it may be found in Peirce's Collected Papers (ed. by Hartshorne, et al., Harvard University Press, 1931-1958). | eng | 1d9f7b53-958b-47a9-a263-0e49186f736a | https://blogs.illinois.edu/view/8885/948317438?count=1 |
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medicine
In the above image, people in Woodruff count the thousands of pennies that came in the mail as part of the Dr. Kate Million Penny fundraiser in 1953.
Dr. Kate was Kate Pelham Newcomb, a country doctor undeterred from attending to her patients by any harsh winter weather that northern Wisconsin threw her way. She was used to adversity, though. Her mother had died when she was very young (as did a baby brother). As a girl, she dreamed of being a doctor but her father thought medicine was an inappropriate career for a woman. So Newcomb became a teacher, instead, in Buffalo, New York, in 1911.
When her stepmother died, Newcomb moved to Boston to take care of her family and manage the home. But she was miserable and still dreamed of becoming a doctor. Her father finally relented and she went to medical school.
In 1919, Newcomb moved to Detroit and opened her own practice. She also met her future husband there, Bill Newcomb, and the two married in 1921. But a lung disease soon led Bill to trade polluted Detroit for the fresh air of Boulder Junction. Newcomb followed in 1923, giving up her medical career for a life in the forest.
But the needs of her new community brought Newcomb back into medicine in 1931.
It wasn't easy. She was the only doctor serving a far-flung population of several thousand. To reach her patients, she paddled in icy rivers, drove through blizzards, and walked miles in snowshoes. The latter feat earned her the nickname "Angel on Snowshoes."
Dr Kate Newcomb. Wisconsin Historical Society
Although she eventually delivered more than 3,000 babies (and never losing a mother like she'd lost her own), Newcomb dreamed of doing more. She wanted a hospital and launched a campaign to raise funds for the facility in 1952.
Around the same time, a local schoolteacher seeking to demonstrate how much a million was led to a student drive to collect 1 million pennies, the Million Penny Parade. All of the pennies would go toward funding the hospital.
The effort captured the imagination of people around the country and even around the world. Pennies poured into the Woodruff post office. Newcomb even appeared on the TV show "This Is Your Life" in 1954 to help raise money to complete construction.
With enough funds secured, Lakeland Memorial Hospital opened in 1954. Woodruff gave Newcomb a parade worthy of a hero, with 90 floats and 15 marching bands.
Like this:
Electricity has long been a popular healer. In the 18th century, upper class people in the United States and Europe attended dramatic electrical performances as entertainment. The therapeutic uses of electricity were not just for the elite, however, extending all the way down to the lower classes.
Ancient Romans knew of the healing power of electricity. They prescribed the application of black torpedo fish, a kind of electric ray, to numb pain. Scribonius Largus, Emperor Claudius' physician, was a staunch advocate of the remedy: "To immediately remove and permanently cure a headache, however long-lasting and intolerable, a live black torpedo is put on the place which is in pain, until the pain ceases and the part grows numb."
The discovery of the Leyden jar – a way of storing up static electricity – in the 18th century allowed shocks to be delivered in a more forceful way. Soon after, Italian physician and scientist Luigi Galvani's experiments activating the nerves in the legs of a dead frog seemed to suggest that electricity and life were intimately connected. If electricity restored life, suddenly, toothaches, back pain, headaches – just about any ailment seemed like it could be cured by the application of electricity. It ignited an electrical healing craze.
Mary Shelley used this belief in electricity to her advantage in 1817, giving birth to Frankenstein.
Electrotherapies were common in the 19th century. All sorts of electric devices – electric baths, electric belts, electric vests, electric soap, even electric hair brushes – could be purchased along with wild claims to health improvement.
Electric belts were particularly popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Ads featured all manner of testimonials from satisfied customers. You didn't even have to seek a specialist to get one – they could be purchased from the Sears catalog. The Reinhardt brothers of Milwaukee were big proponents of electrical healing, selling their devices as cures for every kind of sexual dysfunction imaginable.
I spotted these electrical belts in the collections at House on the Rock.
Of course, electrical therapy still exists to this day. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, or TENS, for instance, uses a low-voltage electrical current for pain relief, not unlike the torpedo fish of Roman times. Electricity may not be a cure-all but it's definitely still with us.
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It was the summer of the ice bucket challenge. Dumping icy water (or just ice. Or just ice to make a stiff drink) on your head to raise awareness for ALS while challenging others to follow suit.
One hundred and fifty years ago, people poured ice cold water on their head or bathed in it as a medical treatment itself. Hydropathy, or the water cure, promoted the benefits of pure cold water to good health. Many people took the cure at any number of water cures that opened around the country in the 1840s and 1850s. Most cures were located in beautiful spots alongside streams, lakes, or beside mountains. But the best time to come wasn't summer but winter when the water was colder and the breezes strong and chilling. Water cures often advertised their winter amenities to people looking to be well.
Hydropathy's founder Vincenz Priessnitz maintained that the water "cannot be at too low a temperature." The "lower the temperature," he claimed, "the more efficacious it will prove." As a result, many water cures charged more in the winter than for a summer visit.
Unsurprisingly, winter brought its own hazards to those taking the cures. Icicles sometimes formed around the head of the outdoor shower, sending icy daggers along with cold water down on the head of the patient below. Outdoor bathers sometimes found themselves floating beside chunks of ice.
While critics of the water cure delighted in these tales of peril, patients loved it. Reformer and teacher Catharine Beecher declared hydropathy "the safest and surest methods of relieving debilitated constitutions and curing chronic ailments."
Like this:
We all know that an "apple a day keeps the doctor away." Apples are filled with healthy vitamins and fiber – the perfect healthy snack.
But this is a relatively new idea. For centuries, eating a raw apple was seen as a reason to call FOR a doctor. People throughout Europe and North America were suspicious of apples and raw fruit in general. In medieval Europe, apples were banned for children and wet nurses. An upset stomach or flu nearly always resulted in fingers pointing at the poor, humble apple. It didn't help that many believed the apple the cause of Eve's downfall in the Garden of Eden.
At the same time, apples found a welcome home in the medicine cabinet, prescribed for all manner of aches and pains. It's funny that an apple could both cause disease and cure it.
Part of the unease with apples had to do with the apples that many people were eating. The Romans had cultivated extensive orchards and seemed to know everything there was to know about apples. But when Rome fell, that knowledge mostly disappeared (or in many cases, went behind monastery walls where monks practiced orcharding techniques aiming for self-sufficiency), leaving people with the often bitter wild apples. They tasted so bad that many people came to believe that apples were poisonous. Fruits sold in villages and city markets were often unripe, overripe, or contaminated so apples weren't all that appealing.
Apples were wildly popular in alcoholic form, however. Cider was the drink of choice in England, France, Spain, and the United States. The Temperance movement in the 19th century ruined cider's reputation and by extension, that of the apple as well.
In an effort to rehabilitate the apple's image, the apple industry began marketing apples as healthy foods for actual eating and not just drinking. Missouri fruit specialist J.T. Stinson coined the phrase "an apple a day keeps the doctor away" at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair, an association apples have benefitted from ever since.
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Hydropathy, or the water cure, was hugely popular in the 19th century. And as such, people of all kinds – well meaning and otherwise – developed a panoply of devices and contraptions to help people wash out disease with cold, pure water.
The bath, manufactured by the "Jersey" Co. (not sure about those parenthesis in the name – were they trying to hide something?),gave users the agitating sensation of the sea, an experience meant to replicate a visit to a real water cure where patients took all manner of baths, water wraps, and showers.
Visiting a water cure was expensive. A week's stay could cost $10, which was more than the average American earning a$1 a day in the mid-19th century could afford. But water cure practitioners wanted to make sure their cure was affordable and accessible to all so they published reams of books and articles offering advice on home treatments. Any able bodied person could do it, they claimed. And judging by the letters in the main hydropathy magazine, the Water-Cure Journal, many people did and found relief.
The makers of the rocking bath hoped their product would help make home treatment even easier. It "will delight and benefit, especially invalids, delicate people and children" read one article. The back could even be wedged into an upright position to serve as a regular tub if no rocking was desired.
It was truly, as the ad copy reads, "A TREAT never experienced before."
Like this:
"Every woman is born a doctor… [while] men have to study to become one," declared American educatorElla Flagg Young in the mid-19th century. Looking around much of the country, it certainly must have seemed that way.
Long before marketers invented "Dr. Mom," women had served as nurse, doctor, and pharmacist to their family and friends. Doctoring a family required a great deal of knowledge and skill, which often passed down, woman to woman, through families for generations. Even so, mainstream medicine generally barred women from pursuing medical careers until the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Those women that did see doctors rarely received adequate treatment. Many doctors refused to physically examine women for fear of offending their modesty. Others dismissed women's illnesses, contending that reproduction made women irrational and emotional. As a result, women often found themselves suffering from a dangerous or inappropriate remedy—or no treatment at all—without the benefit of a thorough analysis.
Despite these limitations—or maybe because of them—many women did break through the discrimination and gender assumptions to pursue a career in health, particularly women's health. Alternative medicine, then known as irregular medicine, welcomed women as both patients and practitioners. The first generation of female doctors practiced homeopathy, water cure, phrenology, and osteopathy, among other therapies. Medicine was second only to teaching in attracting professional women in the 19th century.
Here a few of those pioneering women you should know:
In the 1830s, Mary Gove Nichols made a name for herself lecturing and teaching on the shocking topics of women's health. She championed the benefits of cold water, fresh air, vegetarianism, and regular exercise. She urged women to take charge of their own health as much as possible and lauded women as natural caregivers with their inherent thoughtfulness and gentler dispositions. Nichols never attended medical school (the same could be said of most 19th century doctors, male or female, regular or irregular) but became a trusted healing expert through her popular lectures, publications, and medical practice.
Lydia Folger became the first American woman to receive a medical degree in the United States (Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England). Graduating in 1850, Folger hit another first by becoming the nation's first female professor of medicine at Central Medical College in New York. She practiced phrenology, the science of reading character on the skull, anatomy, and hygiene. Her medical practice in New York City specialized on the health of women and children.
Harriet Judd Sartain operated one of the most successful medical practices in 1850s Philadelphia. Sartain practiced homeopathy and used her powerful position in her community to fight for women's right to practice medicine. She lobbied for coeducation and formed a medical club for women. Sartain became a national figure in 1871 when she became one of the first women to join the American Institute of Homeopathy, the field's national professional association.
Elizabeth Stuart Phelps and Elizabeth Cady Stanton weren't doctors but few championed the cause of women more vocally. In 1867, the 23-year-old Phelps decried the misery of the American woman burdened with housework or leisured idleness. She suggested a range of jobs for women to pursue but saved her highest praise for medicine as the most "noble" career. Phelps advocated for women in medicine repeatedly in essays, letters, and novels. Her enthusiasm for homeopathy was so great that she even named her dog after the field's founder, Samuel Hahnemann.
Stanton, too, saw freedom and purpose for women in medicine. After witnessing her brother-in-law's recovery from heat disease under the care of a homeopath, Stanton purchased her own homeopathy kit and began doctoring her family and friends. "I have seen wonders in Homeopathy," she reported to her cousin, and "I intend to commence life on Homeopathic principles." She nursed her children through malaria, mumps, and whooping cough. She even treated herself during childbirth in 1852. Homeopathy felt like nothing less than liberation for Stanton. "Dear me, how much cruel bondage of mind and suffering of body poor women will escape," wrote Stanton to her friend Lucretia Mott, "when she takes the liberty of being her own physician of both body and soul."
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Sickness was a major part of early American life. Many people suffered from poor health their whole lives.
But scientifically valid medical knowledge was limited. The world in 1820 was not a much more comfortable place to fall ill than it had been two hundred years earlier. No one knew about germs or the significance of human contact or insects in spreading disease.
Medical theory of the time held that sickness resulted from a body out of balance. It was an idea that went back hundreds of years to Roman physician Galen in the 2nd century. To restore balance, mainstream doctors bled, blistered, and sweated patients to large and often painful degrees. They administered large doses of drugs like calomel, a form of mercury, to purge patients. Doctors chose treatments that caused quick and drastic changes in a patient's condition, which could be interpreted as progress. Though well-intentioned, these mainstream treatments also caused as much, if not more, pain than the sickness itself. As a result, doctors could rarely offer sick Americans a medical means of getting better.
But as industrialization, urbanization, and new technologies remade everything from where people worked to how they lived and got around in the 19th century, many Americans began to question why medical care didn't seem to be improving, too. Anyone who could offer a remedy that seemed effective, didn't hurt as much as bleeding, cost less than a trip to a doctor, and even allowed you to treat yourself was bound to be popular. (Even a cursory study of the past reveals that Americans have been staunchly independent and looking for deals for centuries.)
And so, phrenologists read character on the topography of people's skulls, hydropaths attempted to wash out all disease with cold water, and mesmerists transmitted an invisible fluid known as animal magnetism. And millions of Americans became devotees.
This week, I'll be speaking at Boswell Books in Milwaukee on Tuesday, February 11th at 7PM. And on Sunday, February 16th, I'll be at one of my favorite places, Arcadia Books in Spring Green, speaking at 2PM. Hope to see you there!
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Announcing the 1850 birth of his daughter in the pages of the Water-Cure Journal, Thomas Nichols asserted that childbirth could be not only easy but nearly pain free for women. His declaration wasn't the smug opinion of a man standing idly by while his wife labored for hours in the other room. His wife, in fact, fully agreed with him.
Mary Gove Nichols's secret was hydropathy, a system of healing that relied on the power of cold, pure water to flush sickness from the body. Mary had suffered the agony of four successive stillbirths before submitting to its rigorous but healthful routine. Coming from anyone else, few Americans would likely believe their claim but Mary was one of the most influential and authoritative advocates of hydropathy in the nation.
Largely self-taught, Mary first made a name for herself in 1838 lecturing — a scandal in and of itself for a woman — on the shocking topics of women's health and anatomy. Women's health was a topic rarely, if ever, discussed at the time. Standards of female propriety meant that many women endured their sicknesses in silence to avoid being examined by a man.
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It's been a busy week here at Marketplace of the Marvelous world headquarters (aka my treadmill desk in the guest room). My new book hit bookstores last Tuesday. I've been giving interviews and had my launch at A Room Of One's Own in Madison Thursday. And perhaps most exciting of all, a section of the book on phrenology was excerpted in The Atlantic – read it here.
I love sharing this quirky medical history. There's much more to come so stay tuned. | eng | 819cf1c1-6b5c-4156-9860-0e06b867e52d | https://erikajanik.com/tag/medicine-2/ |
Art: Local Art Resources
Museums
Need some inspiration? Visit one of our wonderful local museums! Most offer discounts to students with their student ID card, and several offer free admission on specific days and times. Take a camera or a sketchbook and let your imagination run wild!
San Antonio Museum of ArtAlamo Colleges students, faculty and staff receive free general admission to the SAMA with their school IDs.
SAMA houses the largest and most comprehensive collection of ancient Egyptian, Greek and Roman, as well as Asian, art in the southern United States. SAMA also has a significant collection of Latin American art, from Pre-Columbian times to the present, showcased in the Nelson A. Rockefeller Center for Latin American Art. A growing contemporary art collection balances masterpieces with notable Texas and regional art. The museum also offers special exhibitions, classes, films, concerts, gallery talks and more.
McNay Art MuseumView the collection, special exhibits, and events held at the McNay
Witte MuseumView the collection, special exhibits, and events held at the Witte Museum
Art Organizations
Get Creative San Antonio!The City of San Antonio's Department of Arts & Culture helps make San Antonio an exciting place to live and visit by developing and marketing a wide range of programs and events. The Department also advocates for the growth of the local creative industry by increasing awareness of the impact and value of arts and culture to the city.
ArtpaceArtpace contributes to San Antonio's cultural life by providing an accessible facility with challenging exhibitions. Artpace offers an artist-in-residence program and free educational events for adults, children and artists.
Centro de ArtesCentro de Artes is a two-story exhibit space located in the heart of downtown San Antonio's Zona Cultural, dedicated to telling the story of the Latino experience with a focus on South Texas through San Antonio and regional art, history and culture, and showcasing Latino artists and Latino-themed artworks.
Museums and Art Galleries Serve to Inspire!
The McNay Art Museum is one of many museums and galleries in San Antonio.
Art Galleries
Small local art galleries can also provide a wealth of inspiration to artists, as well as provide contacts and points of reference for getting your own artwork out there. | eng | 9b09e314-0294-4f38-bf81-4ff7cb2a7e9d | https://pac.alamo.libguides.com/c.php?g=782260&p=5604487 |
Mal, Jay, Evie and Carlos receive a mysterious invitation to return to the Isle of the Lost, but they soon find that things aren't exactly how they remember. When they discover a dark secret that could destroy the kingdom, they must work together to save their home.
De la Cruz, Melissa, and Sofia Carson. Return to the Isle of the Lost | eng | 2b997069-088b-429a-9206-5b858bb3d92a | https://school.library.nashville.org/Record/CARL0000491176 |
Blast From the Past: Xena and Seven of Nine Hang Out
Our Adorable Past
We ran across these pictures on tumblr recently and just had to figure out in what context they were taken. Were Lucy Lawless and Jeri Ryan at a con? Just hanging out?
Was Seven on an away team that found a planet who'd based their culture on mythological Greece or more likely ancient artifacts of mid-90s television?!?!?
Turns out it was a joint TV Guide interview from 1999 about television's ass-kicking leading ladies.
Here's a quote from the two actresses, musing on their characters' fame:
Lawless: Maybe we've just caught the wave of grrrl power. It's very hard to analyze any of this. I mean, 40 years of feminism has culminated with the Spice Girls.
Ryan: If you'll notice, the film industry hasn't exactly capitalized on the success of action women, either. There was Sigourney Weaver. And Linda Hamilton. And…well, that's about it.
Almost fifteen years later, we're naming pretty much the same actresses as examples.
Here's another:
TVG: Your characters are also similar and rather unusual in the TV landscape in that their primary relationships are with other women – Xena with Gabrielle [Renee O'Connor], Seven with Captain Janeway [Kate Mulgrew]. | eng | 18511008-5990-47ab-9cbb-74c15b19c963 | https://www.themarysue.com/xena-and-seven-of-nine/ |
Embark on a linguistic journey through the intricacies of German grammar with our bespoke course in the heart of Mumbai. Perfect for language enthusiasts and aspiring polyglots!
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Venture into the realm of German language with our German Grammar Essentials course, meticulously designed to provide a comprehensive foundation in one of Europe's most influential languages. Over the course of this training, participants will delve into the core elements that construct the German language, from its complex case system to its precise verb conjugations. Through a blend of interactive sessions, practical exercises, and cultural insights, this bootcamp aims to equip learners with the skills necessary to navigate the grammatical landscape of German with confidence.
In the bustling metropolis of Mumbai, a city known for its cultural diversity and educational prowess, our course stands as a beacon for linguistic aspirants. The curriculum is tailored to unravel the challenges of German grammar in a structured manner, ensuring a step-by-step progression that resonates with both beginners and intermediate learners. By fostering an immersive learning environment, we encourage students to engage with the material actively, promoting long-term retention and mastery.
Our German Grammar Essentials course is not just about rote learning rules; it's about understanding the logic behind the language. We integrate modern pedagogical techniques with personalized attention, ensuring that each participant's learning journey is both rewarding and enjoyable. Our seasoned instructors bring their passion for the German language into every lesson, creating an educational experience that goes beyond the traditional classroom setting.
Language Lovers If your passion lies in unlocking new languages or if you're simply fascinated by the structure and style of German, this course will serve as your perfect guide. We create an atmosphere where curiosity meets knowledge, perfect for anyone eager to add German to their linguistic repertoire.
Academic Aspirants Students considering studies in Germany or in German-related fields will find this course invaluable. It provides the academic rigor necessary to understand and use German grammar correctly, which is often a prerequisite for various educational programs in German-speaking countries.
Professional Enhancers For professionals looking to expand their business to German-speaking regions or to collaborate with German partners, this course serves as an essential stepping stone. Clear communication is key in any business, and a solid grasp of German grammar can be a critical component of successful international relations.
Relevance of the Course in Today's World
Global Connectivity In an age where borders are becoming increasingly fluid, the ability to communicate in multiple languages is more than just an asset; it's a necessity. This course enables you to bridge linguistic gaps, fostering connections with German speakers worldwide.
Cultural Literacy German is not just a language; it's a doorway to understanding a rich cultural heritage. Our course not only empowers you to read and write in German but also to appreciate the cultural context from which the language has evolved.
Technological Advancements As India leaps forward in the tech industry, knowledge of German becomes a strategic advantage. Germany is at the forefront of engineering and innovation, and proficiency in German grammar can facilitate clearer understanding of technical documents and collaboration in research and development.
Course Program on 12 Modules
Introduction to German Phonetics and Alphabets
Nouns and Articles: Gender, Cases, and Plurals
Pronouns and Their Cases
Adjectives: Declension and Comparison
Verbs: Present, Past, and Future Tenses
Sentence Structure: The Power of Word Order
Prepositions and Their Cases
Conjunctions: Coordinating and Subordinating
Numerals, Dates, and Time Expressions
Imperatives and Subjunctive Mood
Passive Voice and Reported Speech
Advanced Syntax and Stylistic Nuances
Course Advantage: Why Choose Us?
Interactive Learning Our course prioritizes interactive elements, ensuring that grammatical concepts are not just taught but also actively practiced in real-life scenarios. This method facilitates deeper understanding and retention.
Expert Faculty Our team of instructors comes with a wealth of experience in teaching German as a foreign language. Their expertise is matched by their enthusiasm for sharing knowledge and supporting students throughout their learning journey.
Flexible Scheduling Recognizing the hectic pace of life in Mumbai, our course offers flexible scheduling options, allowing learners to balance their language studies with personal and professional commitments.
Future Perspectives from This Course
Language Proficiency Post completion, participants will have a robust understanding of German grammar, enabling them to pursue advanced language courses or certifications, broadening their linguistic and professional horizons.
Cultural Exchange With the grammatical skills acquired, learners will be better equipped to engage in cultural exchange programs, fostering greater understanding and collaboration between India and German-speaking countries.
Educational Opportunities A firm grasp of German grammar can significantly enhance prospects for higher education in German-speaking regions, opening up a wide array of academic courses and research opportunities.
Deciphering German: A Mumbai Odyssey Our German Grammar Essentials course is not just an academic pursuit; it's a cultural expedition designed to equip you with the tools for effective communication in German. By integrating grammatical studies with cultural insights, we ensure that learners gain a holistic understanding of the language.
Mumbai's Melting Pot Set against the vibrant backdrop of India's most dynamic city, the course taps into the multicultural vibe of Mumbai, enhancing the learning experience with a dash of local flavor.
Tailored Teaching We understand that each student is unique. Our course content is adapted to meet varied learning needs, ensuring that every participant can navigate the grammatical waters of German at their own pace.
Linguistic Leg-up Completing this course is more than just another academic notch on your belt; it's about acquiring a skill that will serve you for life. Whether in personal growth, professional development, or academic achievement, the benefits of mastering German grammar are immeasurable. | eng | 6debe5d3-0257-4ca1-ba37-024e0c24785e | https://seniordigital.in/germanmumbai2023 |
10 Best Nike Hoodie Teal in 2022 (Buying Guide) to your wardrobe. Plus, the hoodie has a classic design that will never go out of style. So, if you're looking for a hoodie that is both fashionable and functional, the Nike Teal Hoodie is a perfect choice!
Best nike hoodie teal
The history of the Nike hoodie
The history of the Nike hoodie is a long and winding one. It all started in the early 1900s, when a man named Phil Knight was born in Portland, Oregon. Phil loved sports, and he especially loved track and field. He was a talented runner, and he always dreamed of one day competing in the Olympics.
In 1962, Phil Knight founded a company called Blue Ribbon Sports. The company specialized in selling high-quality running shoes. Phil's dream of competing in the Olympics never came to fruition, but his company thrived. In 1978, Blue Ribbon Sports changed its name to Nike, and the rest is history.
One of Nike's most iconic pieces of clothing is the hoodie. It is a symbol of the company's history and its dedication to quality. The first Nike hoodie was introduced in the early 1980s, and it quickly became a popular choice among athletes and fans alike.
The hoodie was designed to be comfortable and functional. It featured a large kangaroo pocket and a drawstring hood. The hoodie was made from soft, breathable fabric, and it was available in a variety of colors.
The Nike hoodie became an instant classic, and it remains a popular choice to this day. It is a symbol of the company's history and its dedication to quality.
The different types of Nike hoodies
We know you love to wear your Nike hoodie, but did you know that there are different types? There are! And each one is perfect for a different occasion.
2. The Nike Tech Fleece hoodie is perfect for those cold winter days. It's made with a thermal fabric that will keep you toasty warm.
3. The Nike Dri-Fit hoodie is perfect for when you're working out. It's made with a sweat-wicking fabric that will keep you dry and comfortable.
4. The Nike Therma Sphere hoodie is perfect for when you're skiing or snowboarding. It's made with a thermal fabric that will keep you warm, even in the coldest conditions.
5. The Nike ACG hoodie is perfect for when you're hiking or camping. It's made with a water-resistant fabric that will keep you dry, even in the rain.
The benefits of wearing a Nike hoodie
The benefits of wearing a Nike hoodie
There are many benefits to wearing a Nike hoodie. For one, they are very comfortable and can be worn for a variety of occasions. They are also very stylish and can be paired with a variety of different outfits. Additionally, Nike hoodies are very affordable and can be purchased at a variety of different retailers.
One of the main benefits of wearing a Nike hoodie is that they are very comfortable. They are made from a soft, fleece material that is very gentle on the skin. This makes them perfect for lounging around the house or for wearing to casual events. Additionally, the hoodie is designed to fit snugly, but not too tight, which makes it very comfortable to wear.
Another benefit of wearing a Nike hoodie is that they are very stylish. Nike is a very popular brand that is known for producing high-quality, fashionable clothing. Their hoodies are no exception. They come in a variety of different colors and styles, which makes it easy to find one that will match your personal style. Additionally, the hoodie is designed to be slightly baggy, which gives it a very stylish, casual look.
Finally, Nike hoodies are very affordable. They can be purchased for as little as $30 at most retailers. This makes them a great value, as they are very comfortable and stylish. Additionally, the Nike brand is known for producing high-quality clothing that will last for many years, which makes the initial investment very worthwhile.Overall, there are many benefits to wearing a Nike hoodie. They are very comfortable, stylish, and affordable, which makes them a great value. Additionally, the Nike brand is known for producing high-quality clothing, which makes their hoodies a great choice for anyone looking for a new addition to their wardrobe.
The best places to wear a Nike hoodie
The best places to wear a Nike hoodie are anywhere you want to look stylish and feel comfortable.
Whether you're headed to the gym or just lounging around the house, a Nike hoodie is the perfect choice for casual wear. The iconic brand's classic design and signature style make it a versatile and timeless choice for any occasion.
Here are some of the best places to wear a Nike hoodie:
1. The Gym
A Nike hoodie is the perfect choice for your workout. It's lightweight and comfortable, with a relaxed fit that allows for a full range of motion. The soft cotton fabric is breathable and will keep you cool and dry, whether you're running on the treadmill or lifting weights.
2. Running Errands
A Nike hoodie is the perfect choice for running errands. It's casual and comfortable, with a stylish design that will have you looking your best. The hoodie's soft fabric will keep you warm on chilly days, and the relaxed fit will ensure that you stay comfortable all day long.
3. Lounging Around The House
A Nike hoodie is the perfect choice for lounging around the house. It's soft, comfortable, and stylish, with a relaxed fit that will make you feel at home. The hoodie's cotton fabric is breathable and will keep you cool and dry, whether you're watching TV or reading a book.
4. Travelling
A Nike hoodie is the perfect choice for travelling. It's lightweight and comfortable, with a stylish design that will have you looking your best. The hoodie's soft fabric will keep you warm on chilly days, and the relaxed fit will ensure that you stay comfortable all day long.
5. Casual Outings
A Nike hoodie is the perfect choice for casual outings. It's comfortable and stylish, with a relaxed fit that will make you feel at ease. The hoodie's soft fabric will keep you warm on chilly days, and the relaxed fit will ensure that you stay comfortable all day long.
The best ways to style a Nike hoodie
The best ways to style a Nike hoodie
There are many ways to style a Nike hoodie, but some of our favorites include:
1. Pairing it with jeans and sneakers for a casual look
2. Layering it over a dress or skirt for a more feminine look
3. Wearing it with leggings and boots for an edgy look
4. Pairing it with slacks and a blazer for a business casual look
5. Wearing it with shorts and sandals for a summer look
To create a cohesive look, try to stick to one color palette or theme when choosing your pieces. For example, if you're going for a casual look, choose pieces in neutral tones like grey, white, and beige. If you're going for a feminine look, choose pieces in pastel tones like pink, lavender, and mint. And if you're going for an edgy look, choose pieces in dark tones like black, navy, and hunter green. | eng | cc8f7ae8-0286-461b-931f-1f6a3ac25932 | https://newspluck.com/nike-hoodie-teal/ |
Do ancient philosophers have answers to Egypt's current challenges?
A group of philosophy professors from the American University in Cairo have been organizing lectures open to the public to make philosophical thought more accessible.
FAcebook/Arabic Philosophy
Yousra Hamouda, founder of the "Philosophy in Arabic" lecture series, teaches in a picture uploaded May 6, 2018.
CAIRO — "Stop philosophizing" say Egyptians to indicate their irritation and boredom when they are treated to a long didactic monologue. To that end, a group of philosophy professors from the American University in Cairo (AUC) started a project in 2017 that aims to change the common belief that philosophy is didactic, boring, elitist and irrelevant to daily life.
"Philosophy in Arabic" is a series of lectures and workshops on philosophy that are held at AUC and open to students and members of the public. Videos of the lectures are also shared on Facebook. The project aims to simplify philosophical thought and show how philosophy can be applied to the issues of daily life.
The lectures and workshops, which kicked off in July 2017, have celebrated their first anniversary with more than 4,100 followers on Facebook. The professors' attempts to get the students and the public more interested in philosophy also attracted the attention of the local and international media, such as London-based Asharq Al-Awsat newspaper and Cairo 360 website.
The organizers, most of whom are philosophy professors at AUC, said that the starting point of the project was to rekindle the public interest on philosophy through a series of weekly lectures and workshops. These sessions are advertised on Facebook, as there is no budget for publicity.
Initially, the lectures were only attended by philosophy students from AUC or other universities. But gradually, the public interest increased on both the Facebook page and in the lectures, particularly after the videos of the lectures were posted online. Today, at least half of the participants are members of the public who wish to learn more about philosophy.
The lectures have catchy titles such as "Is philosophy haram?" "What is freedom?" "What is diversity?" and "What is tolerance?" They include discussions on the events of Egypt's January 25 Revolution projecting philosophical ideas in the context of the revolution.
Commenting on the success of the workshop in attracting the attention of the media and social media users, Yousra Hamouda, who has a master's degree in philosophy from AUC and is the mastermind behind "Philosophy in Arabic," told Al-Monitor that the initiators' criteria had been, from the start of the project, attracting people from different cultural backgrounds and age groups. She said that many young women actively participate in the online discussions that follow the seminars.
Hamouda said that the lectures offer a general introduction to philosophical topics such as the concepts of identity, freedom, sense of belonging and religion, with an overview on philosophers such as Immanuel Kant, a 19th-century German philosopher known as the father of modern philosophy; Roger Garaudy, a 20th-century French philosopher who converted to Islam; and Ibn Rushd, also known as Averroes, a 12th-century Arab thinker.
Hamouda explained that the lectures aim at bridging the gap between the different views of philosophers and what is happening on the ground in modern times. The participants are invited to come up with scenarios of what, for example, Ibn Rushd would think of the January 25 Revolution and other major events.
Wafaa Wali, one of the organizers who has a master's degree in philosophy from AUC, told Al-Monitor that some people believe philosophy is complicated, not relevant to daily life and limited to only an elitist group of people.
"We have been battling against this kind of stereotype, stressing that philosophy is entrenched in the daily lives of people," Wali said. She presented a lecture titled "The Philosophy of Education," discussing the ideas of German philosopher and critic Friedrich Nietzsche's definition, outlook and criteria of success for an education system. Wali then moderated the discussion of why a good education system is key for the Egyptian people and what that system should be.
Fatima Mansour, a student at AUC's faculty of education who attended the forum on education, told Al-Monitor that she had enjoyed the session because she plans to work in the field of education after she graduates. After she was introduced to Nietzsche's ideas on education, she became more convinced of the rigid curricula taught at schools to be in direct conflict with the real education experience, she told Al-Monitor. "Didactic education and rigidity … fail to give students a real opportunity to learn and deprive them of learning through their own experience and trial and error," she said.
Sharif Salem, a lecturer at the AUC Department of Philosophy, told Al-Monitor that while the initiative aims to simplify philosophical concepts, it does not intend for students to just memorize definitions or to learn philosophers and their ideas by heart. On the contrary, he said, "Philosophy in Arabic" aims to help students reflect and develop their own ideas on current questions and challenges using philosophy as a tool, just like the great philosophers did in the past.
"It does not matter if students do not reach accurate answers; philosophy teaches them how to establish a method of thinking to deal with most aspects of life," Salem said.
Mohammed Ibrahim, a student at the faculty of engineering who attends the lectures, told Al-Monitor that he enjoyed the lecture on the concept of freedom. He said that he now realizes that equating freedom with lawlessness or breaking laws is a common misconception. "This is wrong not only because [not being bound by laws] leads to chaos, but also because the law is the only guarantee for everyone to have the minimum basic rights. Without laws, people would have free rein to do whatever they want, but this would be at the expense of the rights and freedoms of marginalized groups. The traffic law, for example, restricts the freedom of some to speed, but guarantees the safety and security of everyone else," he said.
Hassan Abu al-Magd, a philosophy student who attended the same lecture, told Al-Monitor that the concept of freedom was discussed in relation to the January 25 Revolution and subsequent events. He said that the lecture shed light on the importance of philosophy in the reconciliation between ideals and reality.
He also spoke of the pros and cons of direct and indirect suffrage, saying, "For example political freedom must be exercised through the ballot box. Everyone must cast their vote, then let their elected representatives rule. A direct vote on each and every decision may not lead to chaos but would slow the process of decision-making. This was what led to the collapse of Athens during its war with Sparta. Plato's ideas about direct democracy and that the people are the source of all authorities were undermined | eng | 18de4777-6c34-42fa-8493-12a566dbf622 | https://khentiamentiu.blogspot.com/2018/08/do-ancient-philosophers-have-answers-to.html |
TIG welding, also known as Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), is a type of welding process that utilizes a non-consumable tungsten electrode to produce high-quality, precise welds. TIG welding is commonly used in a variety of industries, including aerospace, automotive, and metal fabrication, due to its versatility and ability to produce high-quality welds on a variety of materials. In this article, we will be discussing what TIG welding is, how it works, and some tips to help you get the most out of this welding process.
Introduction
TIG welding is a highly versatile welding process that utilizes a non-consumable tungsten electrode to produce precise and high-quality welds. This process is often used in industries where precision and accuracy are critical, such as aerospace and metal fabrication. TIG welding is a popular choice for welding a variety of materials, including aluminum, stainless steel, and titanium.
What is TIG Welding (GTAW)?
TIG welding is a type of welding process that uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode to produce the welding arc. This process is known for its ability to produce high-quality, precise welds, and it is commonly used in a variety of industries, including aerospace, automotive, and metal fabrication. TIG welding is also known for its versatility, as it can be used to weld a wide range of materials, including aluminum, stainless steel, and titanium.
How TIG Welding Works
Equipment Preparation
Before starting the TIG welding process, it is important to make sure all equipment is in good working condition. This includes the welder, the welding torch, and the filler material amperage controls on the welder.
Welding Start
Once the welder is set, you can start the welding process. The tungsten electrode is used to strike an arc, which creates the heat needed to melt the filler material and workpiece. The filler material is then used to fill the gap between the workpiece, creating the weld.
Welding Finish
Once the welding is complete, you should stop the welder and let it cool down. Then, remove the clamps from the workpiece and inspect the weld for any defects or areas that may need to be re-welded.
Tips for Improving Your Results
Use the Right Equipment
Using high-quality equipment is essential for achieving successful TIG welding results. Make sure to use a high-quality welder, welding torch, and filler material, and replace any worn or damaged parts.
Choose the Right Filler Material
Selecting the right filler material is important for achieving high-quality welds. Different filler materials have different properties, so choose one that is suitable for the type of material you are welding and the welding conditions.
Maintain Proper Welding Techniques
Maintaining proper welding techniques is critical to achieving a successful weld. This includes keeping the welding torch critical for achieving high-quality TIG welding results. Dirt, grease, or other debris can negatively impact the quality of the weld and can cause porosity or other defects. Before welding, make sure to thoroughly clean the workpiece and surrounding area.
Wear the Right Personal Protective Equipment
Wearing the right personal protective equipment is important for your safety while TIG welding. This includes a welding helmet with a suitable lens, gloves, and a fire-resistant jacket or aprons.
Practice, Practice, Practice
Finally, the key to improving your TIG welding skills is to practice as much as possible. The more you practice, the more comfortable you will become with the welding process and the better your results will be.
Conclusion
TIG welding is a versatile and precise welding process that can be used to produce high-quality welds on a variety of materials. By following proper equipment preparation, welding techniques, and safety procedures, you can achieve successful TIG welding results. Additionally, by investing in the best TIG welder and a high-quality welding helmet, you can take your TIG welding skills to the next level.
FAQ's Related To Tig Welding
Q: What TIG welding is used for?
Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding is a welding process that uses a tungsten electrode to produce the weld. It is commonly used for welding materials such as stainless steel, aluminum, magnesium, and other non-ferrous metals. TIG welding is often used in applications where a high degree of precision and clean welds are required, such as in aerospace, jewelry making, and artistic metal fabrication.
Q: What is better MIG or TIG welding?
The choice between MIG (Metal Inert Gas) and TIG welding depends on the specific application and the type of material being welded. MIG welding is typically faster and more efficient, but TIG welding offers more control and is ideal for welding thin-gauge materials and intricate joints. MIG welding is also well-suited for large-scale production and welding thick-gauge materials, while TIG welding is better for small-scale or repair work. Both methods have their pros and cons, and the best option depends on the project requirements.
Q: What TIG welding means?
TIG welding stands for Tungsten Inert Gas welding. It is a welding process that uses a tungsten electrode to produce the weld, and an inert gas (usually argon) to protect the weld from contamination. TIG welding is a precise and versatile method that is used for welding a variety of materials, including stainless steel, aluminum, magnesium, and other non-ferrous metals.
Q: Is TIG welding harder than MIG?
TIG welding requires more skill and precision compared to MIG welding. TIG welding is a manual process that requires the welder to use both hands, one to hold the torch and the other to feed the filler metal, while MIG welding uses a continuously fed wire that automatically melts to create the weld. However, TIG welding is more versatile and can produce high-quality welds, making it a popular choice for many applications.
Q: What are 3 disadvantages to TIG welding?
Three disadvantages of TIG welding are:
Slower process compared to MIG welding.
Requires more skill and experience to master.
Higher equipment costs as compared to other welding methods.
Q: Is TIG welding easy?
TIG welding can be challenging for beginners, as it requires more skill and precision compared to other welding methods like MIG welding. It requires a good understanding of welding techniques and a steady hand to produce consistent and high-quality welds. However, with practice and experience, TIG welding can become easier | eng | f4eaeb12-8660-4ae6-8d3b-75768133b697 | https://weldingly.com/tig-welding-gtaw.html |
Apollo
All aboard Apollo for the ultimate adventure sail trip!
If you're entranced by the deep blue and can't get enough of the salt water, you're going to love this Apollo tour. For three blissful days, you'll get to explore the top destinations in the Whitsundays!
Experience real sailing and cruise at top speeds, soaking up the sun and enjoying every minute of your adventure! Apollo is the perfect vessel for adventurous travellers, featuring a lively and social atmosphere! | eng | 6e0bba53-7bd7-4347-938d-531d87a45f58 | https://www.coralseamarina.com/experience/apollo/ |
Anybody with an interest or proclivity toward woodworking ought to master the craft of varnishing. This is the process of applying a coating of viscous material over the surface of the wood, in order to change or improve its color or texture, and to provide its resistance against the elements. Varnish is typically made using some sort of resinous material that will harden when exposed to air until it has formed a sturdy layer of protection around the wood. Varnish protects the wood, while also sufficing it with a good degree of aesthetic improvements. If you want to learn more about wood varnish and some of its most popular varieties, this is the place to be.
What Is Varnish?
Varnish is a resinous material diluted in liquid that can be applied, like paint, to surfaces such as wood to change their appearance, improve their gloss, and protect them from environmental factors that would otherwise damage the wood. Unlike painting, varnishing is known as a method of wood treatment. The paint contains pigments and forms an exterior layer on top of the surfaces to which it is applied, providing a limited degree of protection. Varnish, on the other hand, does not contain pigments and penetrates into the fibers of the wood in order to beautify it while simultaneously increasing the wood's durability to a much greater extent. Even though varnishes do not contain pigments, their penetrative qualities allow them to dye to surfaces of wood.
Since varnishes do not contain pigments, this means that they can often be used to alter the color of wood without obscuring the grain or texture. This ultimately depends on the type of varnish being used. Most varnishes are clear-coated but they come in a wide spectrum of optional colors.
What does varnish do once applied? Varnish will seep into the surface of the wood so that, once it dries, it will clog up the pores and prevent any moisture from entering. Varnish protects wooden surfaces from liquids and particle damage, ensuring they stay in perfect condition for years to come. Many varnishes also provide several additional protective measures against potential damage to the wood caused by abrasion, impact, stains, and sunlight.
But what is varnish made of? Many varnishes include ingredients designed to prevent UV light from penetrating the coatings they produce, which is a welcome addition to the wealth of benefits afforded through the use of these products given that it only serves to increase the longevity of wooden products it is applied to.
This is why varnish is popularly used to coat wooden parts of tools and other heavy-duty wooden equipment intended for frequent use.
What Is Varnish Made Of?
Varnish is made of resinous materials, most typically a blend thereof. Alongside this, you will often find a drying oil present alongside a drying agent. Depending on what type of varnish you are using, it may also contain dangerous solvents referred to as volatile organic solvents (VOCs). The health risks presented by VOCs give a reason why you are advised to wear personal protective equipment such as a respirator, synthetic gloves, and eye goggles when working with most varnishes. After being applied to a surface in liquid form, whichever components make up the solvent will evaporate upon contact with air.
The depending on the type of varnish you choose to use and the wood you decide to work on.
The varnish will then supply the surface, which in this case would be wood, with a durable coating that prevents damage that could otherwise be incurred through exposure to environmental influences such as UV rays, abrasion, alkali, insects, mold, moisture, scratches, cold, heat, and so forth. The range of protective measures supplied to the wood will depend on the type of varnish you use. Varnish is very popularly used as a means to coat wooden workpieces with a protective layer. The less thick and more transparent varieties of varnish can also be used on art pieces like paintings and their canvases to preserve the artwork for a much longer time.
A Quick History of Varnished Wood
We can date the namesake of this material as far back as the Romans, and the Greeks even. During this period of antiquity, varnish (or at least the core concept thereof) materialized in the form of sap. Also known as amber when hardened, this chromatic yellow-brown liquid was then and still is extracted from trees for use as a coating for all sorts of materials, though most specifically for wood. Its popularity can be attributed to the two primary benefits it bestows unto wood when spread and left to harden on the surface; firstly, it provides a water-resistant or waterproof coating that protects the wood from moisture and, secondly, it stains the surface so as to add additional qualities to the aesthetic appearance of the material. The word amber dates back to Late Middle England, a name born from the marriage between the Old French word "Ambre" and the Arabic namesake "ambergris". The material itself, however, has been a part of the human toolkit since as far back as during the reigns of Pharaohs in Ancient Egypt.
Speaking of tools, the Ancient Egyptians made avid use of amber (which nowadays really is an antiquated definition for varnish) to coat their wooden tools in order to ensure the better durability of these items. Additionally, these amebous substances were popularly used as a means to preserve bodily remains in their hallmark mummification burial rituals.
Funnily enough, one of the more popular examples of the earliest recorded instances of varnish being used pertains to the mummification of the vaunted King Tutankhamun. Upon the autoptic examination of the Pharaoh's remains, historians deduced the now well-agreed theory that his burial was a rushed proceeding. How do we know this? Well, the damage to King Tutt's remains indicates burn marks that were caused during the post-mortem embalming process, indicating to us that the resin was still far too hot before it was applied.
Even though we have moved past the days of mummification, much to the chagrin of those fond of the Egyptian pantheon, the varnishes we make use of in the modern era are not so different from what was used back then. Initially, tree sap (also called amber when hardened) was combined with a solvent to create the resinous material we call varnish. These sorts of varnishes still exist to this day, but contemporary examples of this material are produced through the mixing of resins both natural and synthetic, along with numerous chemicals that together make for a material that protects wood even better and makes it look so much more beautiful.
The Ancient Egyptians, however, were not the progenitors of varnishing. In fact, the practice has been developed independently by a whole manner of different civilizations and societies throughout the course of history. In Asia, a more complex amalgam of materials was used as a means to varnish all sorts of items for purposes including, but not exclusive to, offering protection from the elements and providing aesthetic improvements. More so, the varnishes produced within Asiatic regions were suitable for use on more surfaces than just that of wood.
Varnish was popularly used on silks and other fabrics to issue them a fair degree of water resistance. For many types of precious metallic materials, varnish was also used as a means to upkeep a good polish. For bladed weapons, varnish was also a frequent material used to maintain their combat effectiveness.
These are not the only examples of the craft of varnishing developing independently during ancient history. More so, wood was not the only thing people knew how to varnish back then. There were also several regions within Asia where formulas containing a complex variety of ingredients were used as a means to apply varnishes to all sorts of surfaces for a large number of practical and aesthetic purposes. Even way back then, we knew how to varnish silk to render the material resistant to water, to maintain a healthy polish of certain precious metals, and even to maintain the combat effectiveness of weapons.
This all being said, we can easily infer that varnish has proven itself profusely useful throughout humankind's long history. Nevertheless, varnish has always been a somewhat hazardous material to work with. This is especially true in modern times where varnishes are produced using a demanding supply of noxious and perniciously harmful solvents and binders. Most modern varnishes produce fumes that, if inhaled, can cause damage to the respiratory system. Furthermore, the cocktail of liquids combined to produce varnish is also typically extremely flammable. Thus, we recommend that, before you use varnish, you acquire yourself some eye protection and a respirator. Once it has dried, varnish is fortunately no longer flammable, even going so far as to provide a moderate degree of protection from high temperatures. In its liquid state, however, varnish can be dangerous enough to pose several risks to the user's physiological well-being if proper preventative measures are not adhered to.
We would keenly suggest, then, that beyond donning personal protective equipment you apply varnish in a well-ventilated space and safely dispose of excess materials, any waste produced, and the instruments used during the application after you have completed the task of producing varnished wood.
How to Varnish Wood
If you want to know how to varnish wood, this section is for you. Although the means through which wood is varnished differs depending on what product or wood you choose to use, allow us to detail the most common means to go about it. But, before we get into the nitty-gritty, let us first discuss your tools. You will, of course, be needing a varnish suitable for the task at hand.
You should also make sure that the varnish is brand new for the best results, but more on that later. You are also encouraged to not skimp out on the paintbrush you decide to use.
You should try to use a paintbrush with bristles made from natural materials. The area where the bristles rest should always be thicker than your brush tip. A good word of advice is that you should try squeezing the bristled end and seeing if any bristles come loose. If so, then you should get a different brush that does not present this issue. Now, without any further ado, let us begin discussing the basic step and rules when it comes to varnishing wood:
You will first need to apply sandpaper to the surface of your wood so as to ensure that the varnish will adhere effectively. Once this is done, you should then clean your workspace of any sawdust, mess, or debris of any kind before moving on to the next step. Varnish can be incredibly sticky when after being applied and during the curing process, a time during which it can easily accumulate any loose particles floating around your workspace.
This next step is well worth accounting for if you did not know this already. You should always make sure that you are using a fresh varnish. If your varnish has sat on either the shelves of a store or your cupboard for too long, it can begin to harden over time, which would lead to the development of lumpy sections that may weaken the structural rigidity of your final product. An easy way to determine whether or not your varnish is fit for use is to apply it to a sample piece of wood and see assess the quality once it dries.
You should ensure that your varnish is adequately stirred before application. You can make sure that all the ingredients are properly mixed by stirring them with a wooden stick with no splinters. This is a task that you should perform without any haste so as to prevent the development of air pockets within your resinous mix. You should also try your best to keep your varnish as unshaken as possible to prevent air bubbles from forming this way either.
You can now begin to dispense your varnish into an adequately sized, plastic measuring beaker that will function as your measurement cup. Once this is done, you can make your varnish go a longer way by adding a thinner such as gum turpentine. Vanish thinners work by causing the dry time of your varnish to increase, thus preventing the development of air bubbles and streakiness across your workpieces. When working on the first coat of varnish, try to apply around 20% thinner to the mixture, stirring it in with a mixing stick as priorly discussed. Any succeeding coats of varnish should then be mixed using roughly 5% to 10% thinner into the varnish instead.
During the application process of your varnish, a gentler hand will do you good. A good start is ensuring that it is exclusively the brush tip that curves as you apply the varnish. Right-handed painters should begin from top-left downwards and left-handed painters should apply varnish in the opposite direction. Start by applying your varnish in a square and adding adjacent squares afterward until the surface of your wood is completely covered in varnish. Remember to always varnish in the direction of your wood's grains. If you are not applying varnish in the same direction each time, it may dull both the utility and aesthetic benefits it should provide.
Types of Wood Varnish
If you have a wood varnish project that needs tackling, you will be happy to know that there is no short supply of product types to choose from, all of which are specially designed for a variety of intended purposes. Whether it is primarily for protection or for aesthetics, and depending on the sort of wood you are working with, there will be a type of varnish designed specifically for your intended use.
Even though these options are all categorized as varnishes, it is important to understand that they are unique products that demand their own specific means of application so as to perform their intended purpose most effectively.
Here we have tabulated a short rundown of the most common varnishes you ought to find and make use of. For your ease of understanding, we have added their intended purposes and most commonly addressed the pros and cons to provide as much context as possible with as little reading time required as possible.
Varnish
Properties
Spirit Varnish
● Commonly known as French varnish
● Able to dissolve faster than most other varnishes
● Formula is solvent-based
● Leaves you with a translucent finish
● Should be applied in thin layers
● Does not provide a high degree of environmental resistance
Acrylic Varnish
● VOCs are not included in the ingredients
● Formula is water-based
● Offers a reliable yet limited degree of resistance against UV light
● Boasts a lot of versatility in terms of what it can be used for
● Leaves a transparent finish
● Boasts deep wood penetration levels
● Can be runny and thus difficult to work with because it is water-based
● Options for the finish include satin, sheen, and matte
Exterior Varnish
● Designed for use on wood situated in outdoor settings
● Improves the durability of wood to a great degree
● Insects, splitting, absorption of water, abrasion, and rot are all protected against by this varnish
● Provides decent protection from UV rays
● Allows for wood breathability
● Mold cannot develop on the surface on account of several additive chemicals
● Curing times can be very long
● Incredibly versatile and suitable for use on most wood types
Polyurethane Varnish
● Helps produce a solid and durable surface layer
● Popularly applied to flooring for added protection and grip
● Is able to penetrate the surface of wood better than any other varnish on this list
● Produced using a formula that guarantees extreme durability
● Can protect the surface of wood from damage that could be caused by acids, solvents, or any other corrosive substances
● Can be quite reactive to the harm caused by UV light
Yacht Varnish
● Can also be referred to as marine varnish
● Offers a superior degree of moisture and liquid protection
● Exclusively designed for use on wooden components of seafaring vessels to offer protection from moisture and saltwater
● The surface layer can become brittle when exposed to cold temperatures
● Function over fashion: it is typically not designed to improve the aesthetic qualities of wood
● The UV protection offered is moderate
● Appears as a muted sheen once dried
● Used on exterior flooring of boats and ships among other wooden components
Oil Varnish
● Made from a combination of dissolved resins such as oil and copal
● The texture and grain of wood are maintained
● One of the traditional forms of varnish
● Dries quite slowly
● Boasts one of the widest arrays of colors to choose from
● Is not particularly durable and requires touch-ups
● Has some of the strongest penetration levels
● Versatility of use is offered
● Not a good choice for use on external objects and structures
● A bad choice for items that see frequent use or areas with high traffic volumes
● Protects wood from different climatic conditions, and the shifting between them
Lacquer Varnish
● Not necessarily a true varnish
● Contains VOCs
● Typical brush application works but there is an aerosol version available for easier application
● Dries very fast
● Uses a solvent-based formula
● The solution is much thinner than most varnishes
● Uses acetone (nail polish remover) as the base
● Easy to apply and just as easy to remove
So, there you have it; these are the most commonly found and used varnishes you ought to come by in your lifetime. While we have just run through the key attributes of all of them, we are going to take a step further by further detailing each one specifically.
Spirit-Based Varnish
If you have ever heard of French polish, you might also know that it can also be called spirit-based varnish. This varnish is most popularly used to treat and protect wooden furniture. Apart from decor, we have been using French polish for all sorts of wooden tools and objects for many centuries now. For the same reasons as way back then, we use French polish to not only elevate the beauty of wooden workpieces but also to protect them from damage caused by the surrounding environment. For the most part, the varnishes we make use of today will most likely contain a mixture of ingredients in which synthetic components will be present. French polish, on the other hand, is derived from the excretions of a certain phylum of beetle.
In spite of its namesake, however, the beetles relied upon for the production of French polish are actually found in South-East Asia. To create French polish, the flaky secretions of these beetles are collected and then diluted in an alcohol vehicle (hence its other name). The resultant mixture will then be a reliable tool and means to varnish wood in a way that provides good protection and the improvement of aesthetic qualities.
Spirit-based varnish is very commonly conflated with another varnish called shellac. While they may appear quite similar, the differences in their textures and consistencies are easy to see. While shellac can be rather thick in its viscous form, the spirit-based varnish is runnier. While spirit-based varnish is a thin liquid, shellac is noticeably waxy in texture. It is not uncommon, however, for spirit-based varnish to be applied as a primer for other varnishes like shellac. This method of priming wooden surfaces with French polish is especially popular in the production of musical instruments such as violins and acoustic guitars.
The popularity of French polish among instrument crafters comes on account of its finish, the qualities of which allow for the retention of a surface's texture and grain visibility. This is all thanks to how thin the varnish is, but it is not without its drawbacks. For starters, being so thin makes it ineffective when it comes to protecting wood from environmental factors. UV rays and moisture, for example, are natural forces far too formidable for the likes of French polish to contend with – hence why it is often used as a primer.
PROS
Provides a defensive layer
Offers a great deal of versatility
An effective choice for improving the aesthetic qualities of wood
Can be used as a primer for other varnishes
The base is composed of natural ingredients
The wood retains its texture and grain
CONS
Should not be used outdoors
Very susceptible to abrasion and impact
Quick to crack
Provides little to no UV protection
Acrylic-Based Varnish
If you do not know this yet, we are telling you now; varnishes are toxic and dangerous to work with. This is on account of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present within them. Respiratory issues are very commonly experienced among people who work with varnishes without personal protective equipment. This is why you are encouraged to wear a respirator and work with varnishes in ventilated spaces. Acrylic varnish, on the other hand, does not present the same variety of risks. Unlike other varnishes, acrylic varnishes typically do not contain any VOCs. Even when they do, it is to a negligible degree. This makes acrylic varnish a rather popular substitute for harmful varnishing products. Better yet, the safety aspect of acrylic varnish makes it more suitable for interior applications when such is unavoidable.
The primary reason why acrylic varnish is far safer than other options is its vehicle, which, much like acrylic paint, is water. The benefits do not stop with the safety aspect, however, since water can evaporate at a much faster rate than most other vehicles. This means that acrylic varnish also dries faster than most other varnishes.
If you want a fast job with an expedient turnaround time, look no further than here. Since it contains acrylic polymer as the base, it also offers a wealth of protection against damage from the effects of UV lights. This stops the fading of the finish from occurring for a long time. Acrylic varnish leaves a transparent finish when completely dried, meaning that the grain and texture of whatever wood it is applied to will not be obscured. Even then, you can get specific versions of this product that can produce a wide variety of finishes. Besides just the natural grade, you also have the option of acrylic varnishes that produce lighter or darker finishes.
A major drawback of acrylic varnish, however, is its high viscosity. It is incredibly runny when still in its liquid form, which can make it rather difficult to work with and apply. This would be on account of water being its vehicle. On the other side of the coin, however, its high viscosity and water make it much easier to clean up than other varnishes. Spillage is thus less of an issue to be concerned with when working with acrylic varnish. If you want to know how to varnish wood with the lowest risk of exposure to toxic chemicals and with the easiest post-work cleanup, you now know what to spend your money on. The most prominent problem with acrylic varnish also comes on account of water being its vehicle.
The viscosity of the mixture, when paired with its lack of effectiveness at penetrating wooden surfaces, increases the chance of patchy spots developing during or after application. This patchiness can adversely affect the quality of your finish.
PROS
Typically does not contain VOCs
Water-based formula
Spills can be easily cleaned
Widely available for purchase at affordable prices
Can be used in/on both indoor and outdoor settings/objects
Dries very quickly
Offers resistance against UV rays
Available for purchase in a wide variety of finishes
CONS
Cannot penetrate layers of wood to a degree that prevents the development of a patchy finish
It is not so effective when used on denser types of wood
Cannot compare to the color vibrancy provided by oil-based varnishes
Exterior Varnish
If the name is not enough of a dead giveaway, exterior varnish was designed for use on wooden objects and structures that are located outside. It is clear-coat varnish that can provide wooden surfaces with the degree of robust protection necessary to prevent wood from being damaged by all sorts of exterior environmental factors. UV rays and rain, for example, are thwarted in their tracks by exterior wood varnish. Beyond its functionality, exterior varnish also has the capacity to improve the aesthetics of wood. Should you want varnished wood strong enough to contend with exterior elements, it is hard to go wrong with exterior varnish. It works well as a means to beautify and safeguard exterior furniture in regions with temperamental climates, especially if using paint is an option you would prefer to avoid.
Exterior varnish protects wood against impact, UV light, abrasion, moisture, rain, and insects, and offers a degree of protection against chemical damage. In sum, applying exterior varnish to your wood protects it from damage from external forces, rot, and splitting.
The hydrophobic nature of exterior varnish seals the pores and surface of wood entirely, thus preventing any sort of moisture from penetrating. Regardless of this powerful coating, the seal produced by exterior varnish still allows for the wood to breathe. Otherwise, the deficiency of an oxygen supply would cause the wood to become brittle over the course of time. As we just discussed, exterior varnish protects wood against insects. Additionally to this, exterior varnish also defends your wood against fungal infestations. It achieves this thanks to a mixture of chemicals called fungicides present in the varnish that deters both flora and fauna from making a home on or beneath the wood's surface. Moss, fungi, termites, and grubs are just a few examples of what exterior varnish can protect against. One major drawback of such a fantastic tool is its slow drying times.
PROS
Perfectly graded for external use
The formula is both durable and flexible
Available in various grades to darken or lighten wood
Applied in thick layers that produce a great degree of protection against environmental factors
Provides strong resistance against UV light
Resistant to UV light
Hydrophobic – protects wood against rain and moisture
Disallows fungi and insects from finding perch on wood
Allows the wood to breathe despite its thick layers
CONS
Does contain VOCs
Long drying times
The thickness of the varnishing layers impairs the visibility of the grain and texture
Polyurethane-Based Varnish
We would say that polyurethane (PU) varnish is definitely one of the best wood varnish options out there. Being a thermoplastic, it can be extremely robust and durable. If you want to protect your wood from the most aggressive climates, hot or cold, look no further than this product – especially if you are looking to coat areas that experience a high amount of traffic. Much like paint, PU varnish does not enter the pores and seep into the fibers of wood. Instead, it develops a hard external coating layer around the wood. One issue with how PU varnish attaches externally to the surface of wood has to do with its inability to secure a bond with the fibers as well as other varnishes on this list. The best way to prevent this from leading to issues whereby the lack of adhesion leads to the peeling of the varnish is to apply a primer to your wood beforehand. Make sure to do this first if you want to ensure that such issues do not occur.
In terms of the finish achieved by PU varnish, this can be entirely up to your discretion. For the most part, you have three typical options of varnish to choose between. These are matte, satin, and gloss. There are, however, many more options to pick from.
As aforementioned, the best thing about PU varnish is the fact that it offers an incredibly durable layer of protection. Abrasion, impact moisture, acids, and heat are all firmly protected against by PU varnish. But, nothing is perfect and you can expect PU varnish to supply a very limited degree of protection against UV rays. If you like the sound of PU varnish but would prefer to account for protection against UVs, you can always apply the varnish in thicker coatings. This way, your wood would see enough protection against any direct sunlight exposure.
PROS
Offers direct durability
Suitably robust enough for external applications
Using it is easy
Can protect the surfaces of high-traffic areas pretty well
Protects wood against heat, moisture, impact, abrasion, and acids
Available in a wide array of finishes
CONS
In order to achieve a firm adhesive bond, wood must be primed first before application
Does not form firm bonds with the fibers of wood
Not much protection from UV rays on offer here
Both the grain and the texture of wood are obscured by this varnish
Yacht Varnish
Now here is a varnish that is not only extremely durable but also clear enough to not block out the grain of the wood beneath. That being said, there are few to no other applications that yacht varnish would be suitable for besides its primary purpose. Yacht varnish can also be defined as spar varnish and is designed specifically for use of seafaring vessels. Originally, yacht varnish was popularized as a means to fortify the hulls and the big spars of wooden boats – the tall poles on which the sails rest. The reason being for its popularity in this field has to do with how its durability is partnered with a fair degree of flexibility. If you can imagine for a second how much a ship's mast bends when the sails catch the wind, you can see the value in this aspect of the product.
Yacht varnish, for all its merits, did not have a very aesthetically flattering start. Besides being flexible enough to not crack on the surface of bending masts, it was designed to safeguard wood from sand, sea salt, moisture, winds, and water. Functionality, at this point in time, was prioritized more so than beauty.
Today, though, yacht varnish has evolved beyond the purely functional, instead being available in a wide variety of finishing sheens and colorways. To this day, seafarers from all over the globe use yacht varnish to not only protect their vessels but also to ensure that they look the part. Much like how sunscreen protects human skin from UV damage caused by the sun, yacht varnish also protects wood from the damage that UV rays can potentially cause to the wooden components of sea vessels. With sea vessels being exposed to so much sunlight, it should come as no surprise that yacht varnish supplies a superior degree of UV protection.
Drawing back to our opening statement regarding yacht varnish, however, it is imperative that you consider the disadvantages and benefits before using it. First and foremost, yacht varnish is perhaps the most niche option on this list and you will be hard-pressed to find a suitable use for it outside of boats and ships. If you are looking for a durable varnish to use on wooden objects situated on dry land, we keenly suggest that you use something else like exterior varnish instead.
PROS
Superiorly durable
Excellent choice for seafaring vessels exposed to large sums of water
Clear varnish that does not obscure wood grain
Durable enough to resist against heat, cold, impact, and abrasion
Despite its high durability, it remains flexible
Superiorly resistant to UV light
Protects against all forms of moisture
Provides a glossy and smooth protective coating
The best varnish for boats, ships, and everything in between
CONS
Very costly
Not recommended for uses beyond its intended purpose
Contains a lot of VOCs
Oil-Based Varnish
This is one of the oldest forms of wood varnish out there. It makes perfect sense why oils would be used for this purpose. Firstly, oil does not mix with water – its hydrophobia protects the surface and interior fibers of wood from moisture and water. Secondly, oil has immense beautifying potential. If you are wondering what varnish is made of in terms of the oil-based variety, the answers may vary but linseed is a popularly used example thereof. For the most part, we source the oils in these varnishes from nature. The operative term for oil-based varnishes is "drying oils". The concept and methodology of this varnish were first discovered and popularized in Asia. Initially, fishermen made use of drying oils to offer some sort of protection against water in their wooden boats. It did not take too long for the technique to travel across the ocean to the rest of the world who still makes use of drying oils in modern times.
Some woodworking puritans, however, would keenly disagree that drying oils actually qualify as a variety of varnish. This would be because other varnishes contain a solvent, something that drying oils do not contain. Nevertheless, we can still describe them as such. If you are one such puritan, however, you may rather choose to define drying oils as a type of wood treatment product. And if you are such a person, your point of view would be supported by the fact that drying oils do not compare with most other varnishes when it comes to the provision of a durable protective layer.
But this is not why we use drying oils as wood varnish. If you are willing to forgo the utility afforded by other varnishes, you may come to find that oil varnishes present you with an immense amount of beautification potential. A quick example of this would be the sheer amount of color options at your disposal. Ideally, you would want to use drying oils on interior wooden items such as furniture and decor, provided that whatever the object may be rests in a fixed position for the most part. But why are they called drying oils? Well, the oils of these varnishes dry after seeping into the surface of the wood where it dries and bonds with the fibers of said wood. Through a process that we refer to as oxidation, the oil sets on the wood as it dries out. You can even use drying oils to seal a number of household items, tools, objects, and surfaces, a common example of which would be linoleum flooring.
The art of how to varnish wood using oils is an ancient craft dating back centuries. Timeless as it is, however, it simply cannot compete with the efficacy of the varnishes of modernity. If you plan on varnishing something with oil, you should expect to be reapplying and also maintaining the finish on a steady basis. While the results of this varnish are truly marvelous, it does often require a fair degree of upkeep. For many, however, the effort of maintaining an unblemished and smooth surface is more than worth it. Keep in mind that the purer the oil varnish you choose to use, the sooner you would need to go about maintaining the surfaces of your wood. The pure oil-based varnish offers a negligible degree of protection from any sort of damage.
Alkyd-Based Varnish
While we may struggle to define alkyd-based varnishes, this is only because it is a key ingredient present in at least a few if not most versions of any of the aforementioned varnishes. Using vegetables and the oils they produce, alkyd finds its way into so many types of varnish that it has truly earned its classification as its very own type of varnish. So, what is the reason behind its popularity? First of all, alkyd has properties that lend to an increased degree of durability. Better yet, the addition of alkyd to any varnish will also speed up the rate at which it dries on the surface of your wood, which is a great way of expediting a varnishing project. Much like oil-based varnishes, alkyd also leaves both the textures and grains of all sorts of wood unobstructed with a clear finish that only accentuates the aesthetic properties of your workpieces.
Alkyd's primary advantage, though, is its supplementation of additional protection against seasonal and day/night temperature changes and UV rays. Practically any varnish designed for exterior use that would be worth your money should contain alkyd, so be sure to look out for it on the ingredients list when shopping for such products.
When it comes to protecting your wooden workpieces against substantial exposure to sunlight, alkyd should be a key component of the mixture. Alkyd-based varnishes are extremely popularly used on wooden objects located near swimming pools (such as decks and deck chairs) on account of their excellent degree of durability against moisture and condensation. These are not the only advantages afforded to users of alkyd varnish, however, because another terrific benefit of it is that it comes in a wide variety of color options as well, and more than enough for you to find exactly what you are looking for. The same goes for the number of finishes on offer with this varnish. The great thing about alkyd is that since the vast majority of its ingredients are derived from vegetable oils, changing the ratios thereof is an easy way to produce a wide net of different aesthetic options to choose from. Alkyd is thus versatile enough to offer you products that can either darken, lighten, or sharpen the tones of your wood as well.
When it comes to alkyd varnish, versatility and utility are the names of the game. Should then come as no surprise that it is so popular as an additive substrate in many of the best varnishes, whether they be for interior or exterior use.
PROS
Simple application process
One of the most versatile varnishes on the market
Offers resistance against moisture and condensation
Offers resistance against UV exposure
Impact and abrasion are protected against
Boasts expedient curing and drying times
A popular addition to other varnishing types to better their resilience and beauty
Offers a wide array of colors, tones, and finishes
CONS
Some versions do contain VOCs
Not as durable as other exterior varnishes
Lacquer
Defining lacquer as a varnish can be a divisive decision, especially for any varnish puritans who have managed to reach this far down in the list. However, their functions are incredibly similar. You could instead call lacquer simply another form of wood treatment. One of the arguments as to why lacquer does not fit the brief concerns its ease of use. We cannot stress enough how simple the application process of lacquer can be, and this is doubly true of the aerosol versions that can be applied directly to the surface of the wood in a similar fashion to spray paint.
A key advantage that typical varnishes are able to laud off the head of lacquer is their superior provision of protection against UV exposure. Nevertheless, lacquer can still protect wood from impact, acids, alkalis, cracks, moisture, and abrasion. One of the biggest drawbacks of lacquer, though, concerns the fact that it can develop an unflattering, yellowish tinge after a while as it begins to degrade and discolor. Another shortcoming of lacquer is its proclivity towards developing scratches rather easily.
It is not all bad news, however, as lacquer actually sports quite a few advantages of its own. For example, it is not only easy to apply but is also just as easy to maintain or, if necessary, to remove. If you find that a particular lacquer that you have used on a wooden workpiece just is not gelling with what you had in mind, at the very least it would not take too much effort or energy to remove and revert to its prior unvarnished state. But, how easy is it to remove lacquer, and how would one go about it? Well, we have good news for those of you who love to manicure your nails because all it takes is a little bit of acetone on a cloth and it should come right off – sometimes maybe with a little bit of elbow grease. If you want to go a step further, you can even purchase lacquer thinners to make things a little easier for yourself.
Another great benefit of lacquer pertains to its price point, which cannot be trumped in the slightest by most modern medium and heavy-duty varnishes. Just be sure to apply lacquer outdoors if you choose to use it since it contains a high volume of VOCs.
Can be found in a spray-on aerosol form that offers even more ease of use
Totally resistant to moisture
Protects wood against mold, impact, and abrasion
Super easy to remove
Boasts quick curing and drying times
CONS
Contains a fair degree of VOCs
Surface layer is easy to damage and prone to becoming brittle
Durability does not compare to other varnishes
If you have made it this far into the article, we truly commend your effort and attention span. More so, we hope beyond all else that you have found some useful information herein. By now, you should know what varnish is, its history, the basics of how to varnish wood, and some of its most popular varieties. If you are reading this article to prepare yourself for an upcoming varnishing product, we hope that this has steered you in the right direction. Now, venture forth and knock it out of the park!
Frequently Asked Questions
Do Varnishes Come in Different Colors?
They most definitely do. You can very easily find access to a wealth of varnish mixtures designed to change the color of your wood when applied to the surface. You can stain or dye your wood into hundreds of different colors, tones, and finishes based on your preferences. Oil-based and alkyd-based varnishes tend to offer the widest variety of color options.
What Is Varnish?
Varnish can be described most simply as a resin or resinous substance that can be applied to a surface in liquid form. It will then cure, dry, harden, and adhere to said surface to provide it with a degree of protection against damage that could be caused by the surrounding environment, or simply to improve its aesthetic qualities.
What Does Varnish Do?
Varnish is applied as a finish to wooden workpieces, either for protection against damage that could potentially be caused by external factors (such as UV rays), or for the improvement of the wood's aesthetic properties. For the most part, varnishes will typically serve to achieve both of these.
What Is Varnish Made Of?
Varnishes are composed of a resinous material or a combination of several such materials. These resins will also be mixed with drying oils and drying agents. One thing to look out for with varnishes is whether or not they contain any volatile organic solvents (VOCs). Most varnishes contain VOCs, which can cause several health risks. This is why you are encouraged to wear personal protective equipment (PPE) when working with varnishes.
What Personal Protective Equipment Should One Wear When Working With Varnish?
While there are some varnishes, such as several varieties of drying oils, that do not contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs); most varnishes do. This is why we keenly encourage you to use personal protective equipment such as synthetic gloves, a respirator, and eye goggles when working with most varnishes.
What Is Varnish Used For?
Varnish is used on the surfaces of materials such as wood to protect said surface from damage that could be caused by elements within its environment. This includes, but is not exclusive to, sun damage from UV rays, impact, abrasion, cold, heat, alkali, mold, insects, and moisture. The type of varnish used will also determine which assortment of durability benefits are afforded to the surface. Secondly, varnish can also improve the aesthetic qualities of wood. Varnishes can alter the color, texture, and shade of wood, depending on the varnish and the type of wood in question.
How Does Varnish Dry?
After being applied, the solvent will evaporate as it makes contact with the open air. The, depending on the type of varnish you choose to use and the wood you decide to work on.
What Are the Most Popular Uses of Varnish?
Among the most popular uses of varnish is to coat wooden workpieces with a protective layer of hard resin that defends the surface against an array of environmental factors. The less thick and more transparent forms of varnish are also applied to art pieces like paintings and their canvases to preserve artwork for a much longer time. Additionally, varnishes are frequently used to preserve or improve the aesthetic qualities ofWhile most us of think of furniture for its practical uses and its aesthetic appeal, we hardly ever think about how that furniture is put together. The quality of furnishings are inextricably linked to the quality of their construction, allowing a piece of furniture to maintain its structural integrity throughout its lifetime. There are a…
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ruby-next
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